Podcast appearances and mentions of charlotte mew

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In this episode, James Marriott and I discuss who we think are the best twenty English poets. This is not the best poets who wrote in English, but the best British poets (though James snuck Sylvia Plath onto his list…). We did it like that to make it easier, not least so we could base a lot of our discussion on extracts in The Oxford Book of English Verse (Ricks edition). Most of what we read out is from there. We read Wordsworth, Keats, Hardy, Milton, and Pope. We both love Pope! (He should be regarded as one of the very best English poets, like Milton.) There are also readings of Herrick, Bronte, Cowper, and MacNiece. I plan to record the whole of ‘The Eve of St. Agnes' at some point soon.Here are our lists and below is the transcript (which may have more errors than usual, sorry!)HOGod Tier* Shakespeare“if not first, in the very first line”* Chaucer* Spenser* Milton* Wordsworth* Eliot—argue for Pope here, not usually includedSecond Tier* Donne* Herbert* Keats* Dryden* Gawain poet* Tom O'Bedlam poetThird Tier* Yeats* Tennyson* Hopkins* Coleridge* Auden* Shelley* MarvellJMShakespeareTier* ShakespeareTier 1* Chaucer* Milton* WordsworthTier 2* Donne* Eliot* Keats* Tennyson* Spencer* Marvell* PopeTier 3* Yeats* Hopkins* Blake* Coleridge* Auden* Shelley* Thomas Hardy* Larkin* PlathHenry: Today I'm talking to James Marriott, Times columnist, and more importantly, the writer of the Substack Cultural Capital. And we are going to argue about who are the best poets in the English language. James, welcome.James: Thanks very much for having me. I feel I should preface my appearance so that I don't bring your podcast and disrepute saying that I'm maybe here less as an expert of poetry and more as somebody who's willing to have strong and potentially species opinions. I'm more of a lover of poetry than I would claim to be any kind of academic expert, just in case anybody thinks that I'm trying to produce any definitive answer to the question that we're tackling.Henry: Yeah, no, I mean that's the same for me. We're not professors, we're just very opinionated boys. So we have lists.James: We do.Henry: And we're going to debate our lists, but what we do agree is that if we're having a top 20 English poets, Shakespeare is automatically in the God Tier and there's nothing to discuss.James: Yeah, he's in a category of his own. I think the way of, because I guess the plan we've gone for is to rather than to rank them 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 into sort of, what is it, three or four broad categories that we're competing over.Henry: Yes, yes. TiersJames: I think is a more kind of reasonable way to approach it rather than trying to argue exactly why it should be one place above Shelly or I don't know, whatever.Henry: It's also just an excuse to talk about poets.James: Yes.Henry: Good. So then we have a sort of top tier, if not the first, in the very first line as it were, and you've got different people. To me, you've got Chaucer, Milton, and Wordsworth. I would also add Spenser and T.S. Eliot. So what's your problem with Spenser?James: Well, my problem is ignorance in that it's a while since I've read the Fairy Queen, which I did at university. Partly is just that looking back through it now and from what I remember of university, I mean it is not so much that I have anything against Spenser. It's quite how much I have in favour of Milton and Wordsworth and Chaucer, and I'm totally willing to be argued against on this, but I just can't think that Spenser is in quite the same league as lovely as many passages of the Fairy Queen are.Henry: So my case for Spenser is firstly, if you go through something like the Oxford Book of English Verse or some other comparable anthology, he's getting a similar page count to Shakespeare and Milton, he is important in that way. Second, it's not just the fairy queen, there's the Shepherd's Calendar, the sonnets, the wedding poems, and they're all highly accomplished. The Shepherd's Calendar particularly is really, really brilliant work. I think I enjoyed that more as an undergraduate, actually, much as I love the Fairy Queen. And the third thing is that the Fairy Queen is a very, very great epic. I mean, it's a tremendous accomplishment. There were lots of other epics knocking around in the 16th century that nobody wants to read now or I mean, obviously specialists want to read, but if we could persuade a few more people, a few more ordinary readers to pick up the fairy queen, they would love it.James: Yes, and I was rereading before he came on air, the Bower of Bliss episode, which I think is from the second book, which is just a beautifully lush passage, passage of writing. It was really, I mean, you can see why Keats was so much influenced by it. The point about Spenser's breadth is an interesting one because Milton is in my top category below Shakespeare, but I think I'm placing him there pretty much only on the basis of Paradise Lost. I think if we didn't have Paradise Lost, Milton may not even be in this competition at all for me, very little. I know. I don't know if this is a heresy, I've got much less time for Milton's minor works. There's Samuel Johnson pretty much summed up my feelings on Lycidas when he said there was nothing new. Whatever images it can supply are long ago, exhausted, and I do feel there's a certain sort of dryness to Milton's minor stuff. I mean, I can find things like Il Penseroso and L'Allegro pretty enough, but I mean, I think really the central achievement is Paradise Lost, whereas Spenser might be in contention, as you say, from if you didn't have the Fairy Queen, you've got Shepherd's Calendar, and all this other sort of other stuff, but Paradise Lost is just so massive for me.Henry: But if someone just tomorrow came out and said, oh, we found a whole book of minor poetry by Virgil and it's all pretty average, you wouldn't say, oh, well Virgil's less of a great poet.James: No, absolutely, and that's why I've stuck Milton right at the top. It's just sort of interesting how unbelievably good Paradise Lost is and how, in my opinion, how much less inspiring the stuff that comes after it is Samson Agonistes and Paradise Regained I really much pleasure out of at all and how, I mean the early I think slightly dry Milton is unbelievably accomplished, but Samuel Johnson seems to say in that quote is a very accomplished use of ancient slightly worn out tropes, and he's of putting together these old ideas in a brilliant manner and he has this sort of, I mean I guess he's one of your late bloomers. I can't quite remember how old he is when he publishes Paradise Lost.Henry: Oh, he is. Oh, writing it in his fifties. Yeah.James: Yeah, this just extraordinary thing that's totally unlike anything else in English literature and of all the poems that we're going to talk about, I think is the one that has probably given me most pleasure in my life and the one that I probably return to most often if not to read all the way through then to just go over my favourite bits and pieces of it.Henry: A lot of people will think Milton is heavy and full of weird references to the ancient world and learned and biblical and not very readable for want of a better word. Can you talk us out of that? To be one of the great poets, they do have to have some readability, right?James: Yeah, I think so, and it's certainly how I felt. I mean I think it's not a trivial objection to have to Milton. It's certainly how I found him. He was my special author paper at university and I totally didn't get on with him. There was something about his massive brilliance that I felt. I remember feeling like trying to write about Paradise Lost was trying to kind of scratch a huge block of marble with your nails. There's no way to get a handle on it. I just couldn't work out what to get ahold of, and it's only I think later in adulthood maybe reading him under a little less pressure that I've come to really love him. I mean, the thing I would always say to people to look out for in Milton, but it's his most immediate pleasure and the thing that still is what sends shivers done my spine about him is the kind of cosmic scale of Paradise Lost, and it's almost got this sort of sci-fi massiveness to it. One of my very favourite passages, which I may inflict on you, we did agree that we could inflict poetry on one another.Henry: Please, pleaseJames: It's a detail from the first book of Paradise Lost. Milton's talking about Satan's architect in hell Mulciber, and this is a little explanation of who or part of his explanation of who Mulciber is, and he says, Nor was his name unheard or unadoredIn ancient Greece; and in Ausonian landMen called him Mulciber; and how he fellFrom Heaven they fabled, thrown by angry JoveSheer o'er the crystal battlements: from mornTo noon he fell, from noon to dewy eve,A summer's day, and with the setting sunDropt from the zenith, like a falling star,On Lemnos, th' Aegaean isle. Thus they relate,ErringI just think it's the sort of total massiveness of that universe that “from the zenith to like a falling star”. I just can't think of any other poet in English or that I've ever read in any language, frankly, even in translation, who has that sort of scale about it, and I think that's what can most give immediate pleasure. The other thing I love about that passage is this is part of the kind of grandeur of Milton is that you get this extraordinary passage about an angel falling from heaven down to th' Aegean Isle who's then going to go to hell and the little parenthetic remark at the end, the perm just rolls on, thus they relate erring and paradise lost is such this massive grand thing that it can contain this enormous cosmic tragedy as a kind of little parenthetical thing. I also think the crystal battlements are lovely, so wonderful kind of sci-fi detail.Henry: Yes, I think that's right, and I think it's under appreciated that Milton was a hugely important influence on Charles Darwin who was a bit like you always rereading it when he was young, especially on the beagle voyage. He took it with him and quotes it in his letters sometimes, and it is not insignificant the way that paradise loss affects him in terms of when he writes his own epic thinking at this level, thinking at this scale, thinking at the level of the whole universe, how does the whole thing fit together? What's the order behind the little movements of everything? So Milton's reach I think is actually quite far into the culture even beyond the poets.James: That's fascinating. Do you have a particular favourite bit of Paradise Lost?Henry: I do, but I don't have it with me because I disorganised and couldn't find my copy.James: That's fair.Henry: What I want to do is to read one of the sonnets because I do think he's a very, very good sonnet writer, even if I'm going to let the Lycidas thing go, because I'm not going to publicly argue against Samuel Johnson.When I consider how my light is spent,Ere half my days, in this dark world and wide,And that one Talent which is death to hideLodged with me useless, though my Soul more bentTo serve therewith my Maker, and presentMy true account, lest he returning chide;“Doth God exact day-labour, light denied?”I fondly ask. But patience, to preventThat murmur, soon replies, “God doth not needEither man's work or his own gifts; who bestBear his mild yoke, they serve him best. His stateIs Kingly. Thousands at his bidding speedAnd post o'er Land and Ocean without rest:They also serve who only stand and wait.”I think that's great.James: Yeah. Okay. It is good.Henry: Yeah. I think the minor poems are very uneven, but there are lots of gems.James: Yeah, I mean he is a genius. It would be very weird if all the minor poems were s**t, which is not really what I'm trying… I guess I have a sort of slightly austere category too. I just do Chaucer, Milton, Wordsworth, but we are agreed on Wordsworth, aren't we? That he belongs here.Henry: So my feeling is that the story of English poetry is something like Chaucer Spenser, Shakespeare, Milton, Wordsworth, T.S. Eliot create a kind of spine. These are the great innovators. They're writing the major works, they're the most influential. All the cliches are true. Chaucer invented iambic pentameter. Shakespeare didn't single handedly invent modern English, but he did more than all the rest of them put together. Milton is the English Homer. Wordsworth is the English Homer, but of the speech of the ordinary man. All these old things, these are all true and these are all colossal achievements and I don't really feel that we should be picking between them. I think Spenser wrote an epic that stands alongside the works of Shakespeare and Milton in words with T.S. Eliot whose poetry, frankly I do not love in the way that I love some of the other great English writers cannot be denied his position as one of the great inventors.James: Yeah, I completely agree. It's funny, I think, I mean I really do love T.S. Eliot. Someone else had spent a lot of time rereading. I'm not quite sure why he hasn't gone into quite my top category, but I think I had this—Henry: Is it because he didn't like Milton and you're not having it?James: Maybe that's part of it. I think my thought something went more along the lines of if I cut, I don't quite feel like I'm going to put John Donne in the same league as Milton, but then it seems weird to put Eliot above Donne and then I don't know that, I mean there's not a very particularly fleshed out thought, but on Wordsworth, why is Wordsworth there for you? What do you think, what do you think are the perms that make the argument for Wordsworth having his place at the very top?Henry: Well, I think the Lyrical Ballads, Poems in Two Volumes and the Prelude are all of it, aren't they? I'm not a lover of the rest, and I think the preface to the Lyrical Ballads is one of the great works of literary criticism, which is another coin in his jar if you like, but in a funny way, he's much more revolutionary than T.S. Eliot. We think of modernism as the great revolution and the great sort of bringing of all the newness, but modernism relies on Wordsworth so much, relies on the idea that tradition can be subsumed into ordinary voice, ordinary speech, the passage in the Wasteland where he has all of them talking in the bar. Closing time please, closing time please. You can't have that without Wordsworth and—James: I think I completely agree with what you're saying.Henry: Yeah, so I think that's for me is the basis of it that he might be the great innovator of English poetry.James: Yeah, I think you're right because I've got, I mean again, waiting someone out of my depth here, but I can't think of anybody else who had sort of specifically and perhaps even ideologically set out to write a kind of high poetry that sounded like ordinary speech, I guess. I mean, Wordsworth again is somebody who I didn't particularly like at university and I think it's precisely about plainness that can make him initially off-putting. There's a Matthew Arnold quote where he says of Wordsworth something like He has no style. Henry: Such a Matthew Arnold thing to say.James: I mean think it's the beginning of an appreciation, but there's a real blankness to words with I think again can almost mislead you into thinking there's nothing there when you first encounter him. But yeah, I think for me, Tintern Abbey is maybe the best poem in the English language.Henry: Tintern Abbey is great. The Intimations of Immortality Ode is superb. Again, I don't have it with me, but the Poems in Two Volumes. There are so many wonderful things in there. I had a real, when I was an undergraduate, I had read some Wordsworth, but I hadn't really read a lot and I thought of I as you do as the daffodils poet, and so I read Lyrical Ballads and Poems in Two Volumes, and I had one of these electrical conversion moments like, oh, the daffodils, that is nothing. The worst possible thing for Wordsworth is that he's remembered as this daffodils poet. When you read the Intimations of Immortality, do you just think of all the things he could have been remembered for? It's diminishing.James: It's so easy to get into him wrong because the other slightly wrong way in is through, I mean maybe this is a prejudice that isn't widely shared, but the stuff that I've never particularly managed to really enjoy is all the slightly worthy stuff about beggars and deformed people and maimed soldiers. Wandering around on roads in the lake district has always been less appealing to me, and that was maybe why I didn't totally get on with 'em at first, and I mean, there's some bad words with poetry. I was looking up the infamous lines from the form that were mocked even at the time where you know the lines that go, You see a little muddy pond Of water never dry. I've measured it from side to side, 'Tis three feet long and two feet wide, and the sort of plainness condescend into banality at Wordsworth's worst moments, which come more frequently later in his career.Henry: Yes, yes. I'm going to read a little bit of the Intimations ode because I want to share some of this so-called plainness at its best. This is the third section. They're all very short Now, while the birds thus sing a joyous song,And while the young lambs boundAs to the tabor's sound,To me alone there came a thought of grief:A timely utterance gave that thought relief,And I again am strong:The cataracts blow their trumpets from the steep;No more shall grief of mine the season wrong;I hear the Echoes through the mountains throng,The Winds come to me from the fields of sleep,And all the earth is gay;Land and seaGive themselves up to jollity,And with the heart of MayDoth every Beast keep holiday;—Thou Child of Joy,Shout round me, let me hear thy shouts, thou happy Shepherd-boy.And I think it's unthinkable that someone would write like this today. It would be cringe, but we're going to have a new sincerity. It's coming. It's in some ways it's already here and I think Wordsworth will maybe get a different sort of attention when that happens because that's a really high level of writing to be able to do that without it descending into what you just read. In the late Wordsworth there's a lot of that really bad stuff.James: Yeah, I mean the fact that he wrote some of that bad stuff I guess is a sign of quite how carefully the early stuff is treading that knife edge of tripping into banality. Can I read you my favourite bit of Tintern Abbey?Henry: Oh yes. That is one of the great poems.James: Yeah, I just think one of mean I, the most profound poem ever, probably for me. So this is him looking out over the landscape of Tinton Abbey. I mean these are unbelievably famous lines, so I'm sure everybody listening will know them, but they are so good And I have feltA presence that disturbs me with the joyOf elevated thoughts; a sense sublimeOf something far more deeply interfused,Whose dwelling is the light of setting suns,And the round ocean and the living air,And the blue sky, and in the mind of man:A motion and a spirit, that impelsAll thinking things, all objects of all thought,And rolls through all things. Therefore am I stillA lover of the meadows and the woodsAnd mountains; and of all that we beholdFrom this green earth; of all the mighty worldOf eye, and ear,—both what they half create,And what perceive; well pleased to recogniseIn nature and the language of the senseThe anchor of my purest thoughts, the nurse,The guide, the guardian of my heart, and soulOf all my moral being.I mean in a poem, it's just that is mind blowingly good to me?Henry: Yeah. I'm going to look up another section from the Prelude, which used to be in the Oxford Book, but it isn't in the Ricks edition and I don't really know whyJames: He doesn't have much of the Prelude does he?Henry: I don't think he has any…James: Yeah.Henry: So this is from an early section when the young Wordsworth is a young boy and he's going off, I think he's sneaking out at night to row on the lake as you do when you with Wordsworth, and the initial description is of a mountain. She was an elfin pinnace; lustilyI dipped my oars into the silent lake,And, as I rose upon the stroke, my boatWent heaving through the water like a swan;When, from behind that craggy steep till thenThe horizon's bound, a huge peak, black and huge,As if with voluntary power instinct,Upreared its head. I struck and struck again,And growing still in stature the grim shapeTowered up between me and the stars, and still,For so it seemed, with purpose of its ownAnd measured motion like a living thing,Strode after me. With trembling oars I turned,And through the silent water stole my wayBack to the covert of the willow tree;It's so much like that in Wordsworth. It's just,James: Yeah, I mean, yeah, the Prelude is full of things like that. I think that is probably one of the best moments, possibly the best moments of the prelude. But yeah, I mean it's just total genius isn't it?Henry: I think he's very, very important and yeah, much more important than T.S. Eliot who is, I put him in the same category, but I can see why you didn't.James: You do have a little note saying Pope, question mark or something I think, don't you, in the document.Henry: So the six I gave as the spine of English literature and everything, that's an uncontroversial view. I think Pope should be one of those people. I think we should see Pope as being on a level with Milton and Wordsworth, and I think he's got a very mixed reputation, but I think he was just as inventive, just as important. I think you are a Pope fan, just as clever, just as moving, and it baffles me that he's not more commonly regarded as part of this great spine running through the history of English literature and between Milton and Wordsworth. If you don't have Pope, I think it's a missing link if you like.James: I mean, I wouldn't maybe go as far as you, I love Pope. Pope was really the first perch I ever loved. I remember finding a little volume of Pope in a box of books. My school library was chucking out, and that was the first book of poetry I read and took seriously. I guess he sort of suffers by the fact that we are seeing all of this through the lens of the romantics. All our taste about Shakespeare and Milton and Spenser has been formed by the romantics and hope's way of writing the Satires. This sort of society poetry I think is just totally doesn't conform to our idea of what poetry should be doing or what poetry is. Is there absolutely or virtually nobody reads Dryden nowadays. It's just not what we think poetry is for that whole Augustine 18th century idea that poetry is for writing epistles to people to explain philosophical concepts to them or to diss your enemies and rivals or to write a kind of Duncia explaining why everyone you know is a moron. That's just really, I guess Byron is the last major, is the only of figure who is in that tradition who would be a popular figure nowadays with things like English bards and scotch reviewers. But that whole idea of poetry I think was really alien to us. And I mean I'm probably formed by that prejudice because I really do love Pope, but I don't love him as much as the other people we've discussed.Henry: I think part of his problem is that he's clever and rational and we want our poems always to be about moods, which may be, I think why George Herbert, who we've both got reasonably high is also quite underrated. He's very clever. He's always think George Herbert's always thinking, and when someone like Shakespeare or Milton is thinking, they do it in such a way that you might not notice and that you might just carry on with the story. And if you do see that they're thinking you can enjoy that as well. Whereas Pope is just explicitly always thinking and maybe lecturing, hectoring, being very grand with you and as you say, calling you an idiot. But there are so many excellent bits of Pope and I just think technically he can sustain a thought or an argument over half a dozen or a dozen lines and keep the rhyme scheme moving and it's never forced, and he never has to do that thing where he puts the words in a stupid order just to make the rhyme work. He's got such an elegance and a balance of composition, which again, as you say, we live under romantic ideals, not classical ones. But that doesn't mean we should be blind to the level of his accomplishment, which is really, really very high. I mean, Samuel Johnson basically thought that Alexander Pope had finished English poetry. We have the end of history. He had the end of English poetry. Pope, he's brought us to the mightiest of the heroic couplers and he's done it. It's all over.James: The other thing about Pope that I think makes us underrate him is that he's very charming. And I think charm is a quality we're not big on is that sort of, but I think some of Pope's charm is so moving. One of my favourite poems of his is, do you know the Epistle to Miss Blount on going into the country? The poem to the young girl who's been having a fashionable season in London then is sent to the boring countryside to stay with an aunt. And it's this, it's not like a romantic love poem, it's not distraught or hectic. It's just a sort of wonderful act of sympathy with this potentially slightly airheaded young girl who's been sent to the countryside, which you'd rather go to operas and plays and flirt with people. And there's a real sort of delicate in it that isn't overblown and isn't dramatic, but is extremely charming. And I think that's again, another quality that perhaps we're prone not to totally appreciate in the 21st century. It's almost the kind of highest form of politeness and sympathyHenry: And the prevailing quality in Pope is wit: “True wit is nature to advantage dressed/ What often was thought, but ne'er so well expressed”. And I think wit can be quite alienating for an audience because it is a kind of superior form of literary art. This is why people don't read as much Swift as he deserves because he's so witty and so scornful that a lot of people will read him and think, well, I don't like you.James: And that point about what oft was thought and ne'er so well expressed again, is a very classical idea. The poet who puts not quite conventional wisdom, but something that's been thought before in the best possible words, really suffers with the romantic idea of originality. The poet has to say something utterly new. Whereas for Pope, the sort of ideas that he express, some of the philosophical ideas are not as profound in original perhaps as words with, but he's very elegant proponent of them.Henry: And we love b******g people in our culture, and I feel like the Dunciad should be more popular because it is just, I can't remember who said this, but someone said it's probably the most under appreciated great poem in English, and that's got to be true. It's full of absolute zingers. There's one moment where he's described the whole crowd of them or all these poets who he considers to be deeply inferior, and it turns out he was right because no one reads them anymore. And you need footnotes to know who they are. I mean, no one cares. And he says, “equal your merits, equal is your din”. This kind of abuse is a really high art, and we ought to love that. We love that on Twitter. And I think things like the Rape of the Lock also could be more popular.James: I love the Rape of the Lock . I mean, I think anybody is not reading Pope and is looking for a way in, I think the Rape of the Lock is the way in, isn't it? Because it's just such a charming, lovely, funny poem.Henry: It is. And probably it suffers because the whole idea of mock heroic now is lost to us. But it's a bit like it's the literary equivalent of people writing a sort of mini epic about someone like Elon Musk or some other very prominent figure in the culture and using lots of heroic imagery from the great epics of Homer and Virgil and from the Bible and all these things, but putting them into a very diminished state. So instead of being grand, it becomes comic. It's like turning a God into a cartoon. And Pope is easily the best writer that we have for that kind of thing. Dryden, but he's the genius on it.James: Yeah, no, he totally is. I guess it's another reason he's under appreciated is that our culture is just much less worshipful of epic than the 18th century culture was. The 18th century was obsessed with trying to write epics and trying to imitate epics. I mean, I think to a lot of Pope's contemporaries, the achievement they might've been expecting people to talk about in 300 years time would be his translations of the Iliad and the Odyssey and the other stuff might've seen more minor in comparison, whereas it's the mock epic that we're remembering him for, which again is perhaps another symptom of our sort of post romantic perspective.Henry: I think this is why Spenser suffers as well, because everything in Spenser is magical. The knights are fairies, not the little fairies that live in buttercups, but big human sized fairies or even bigger than that. And there are magical women and saucers and the whole thing is a sort of hodgepodge of romance and fairy tale and legend and all this stuff. And it's often said, oh, he was old fashioned in his own time. But those things still had a lot of currency in the 16th century. And a lot of those things are in Shakespeare, for example.But to us, that's like a fantasy novel. Now, I love fantasy and I read fantasy, and I think some of it's a very high accomplishment, but to a lot of people, fantasy just means kind of trash. Why am I going to read something with fairies and a wizard? And I think a lot of people just see Spenser and they're like, what is this? This is so weird. They don't realise how Protestant they're being, but they're like, this is so weird.James: And Pope has a little, I mean, the Rape of the Lock even has a little of the same because the rape of the lock has this attendant army of good spirits called selfs and evil spirits called gnomes. I mean, I find that just totally funny and charming. I really love it.Henry: I'm going to read, there's an extract from the Rape of the Lock in the Oxford Book, and I'm going to read a few lines to give people an idea of how he can be at once mocking something but also quite charming about it. It's quite a difficult line to draw. The Rape of the Lock is all about a scandalous incident where a young man took a lock of a lady's hair. Rape doesn't mean what we think it means. It means an offence. And so because he stole a lock of her hair, it'd become obviously this huge problem and everyone's in a flurry. And to sort of calm everyone down, Pope took it so seriously that he made it into a tremendous joke. So here he is describing the sort of dressing table if you like.And now, unveil'd, the Toilet stands display'd,Each silver Vase in mystic order laid.First, rob'd in white, the Nymph intent adores,With head uncover'd, the Cosmetic pow'rs.A heav'nly image in the glass appears,To that she bends, to that her eyes she rears;Th' inferior Priestess, at her altar's side,Trembling begins the sacred rites of Pride.What a way to describe someone putting on their makeup. It's fantastic.James: It's funny. I can continue that because the little passage of Pope I picked to read begins exactly where yours ended. It only gets better as it goes on, I think. So after trembling begins the sacred rites of pride, Unnumber'd treasures ope at once, and hereThe various off'rings of the world appear;From each she nicely culls with curious toil,And decks the Goddess with the glitt'ring spoil.This casket India's glowing gems unlocks,And all Arabia breathes from yonder box.The Tortoise here and Elephant unite,Transformed to combs, the speckled, and the white.Here files of pins extend their shining rows,Puffs, Powders, Patches, Bibles, Billet-doux.It's just so lovely. I love a thing about the tortoise and the elephant unite because you've got a tortoise shell and an ivory comb. And the stuff about India's glowing gems and Arabia breathing from yonder box, I mean that's a, realistic is not quite the word, but that's a reference to Milton because Milton is continually having all the stones of Arabia and India's pearls and things all screwed through paradise lost. Yeah, it's just so lovely, isn't it?Henry: And for someone who's so classical and composed and elegant, there's something very Dickensian about things like the toilet, the tortoise and the elephant here unite, transform to combs. There's something a little bit surreal and the puffs, powders, patches, bibles, it has that sort of slightly hectic, frantic,James: That's sort of Victorian materialism, wealth of material objects,Henry: But also that famous thing that was said of Dickens, that the people are furniture and the furniture's like people. He can bring to life all the little bits and bobs of the ordinary day and turn it into something not quite ridiculous, not quite charming.James: And there is a kind of charm in the fact that it wasn't the sort of thing that poets would necessarily expect to pay attention to the 18th century. I don't think the sort of powders and ointments on a woman's dressing table. And there's something very sort of charming in his condescension to notice or what might've once seemed his condescension to notice those things, to find a new thing to take seriously, which is what poetry or not quite to take seriously, but to pay attention to, which I guess is one of the things that great perch should always be doing.Henry: When Swift, who was Pope's great friend, wrote about this, he wrote a poem called A Beautiful Young Lady Going to Bed, which is not as good, and I would love to claim Swift on our list, but I really can't.James: It's quite a horrible perm as well, that one, isn't it?Henry: It is. But it shows you how other people would treat the idea of the woman in front of her toilet, her mirror. And Swift uses an opportunity, as he said, to “lash the vice” because he hated all this adornment and what he would think of as the fakery of a woman painting herself. And so he talks about Corina pride of Drury Lane, which is obviously an ironic reference to her being a Lady of the Night, coming back and there's no drunken rake with her. Returning at the midnight hour;Four stories climbing to her bow'r;Then, seated on a three-legged chair,Takes off her artificial hair:Now, picking out a crystal eye,She wipes it clean, and lays it by.Her eye-brows from a mouse's hide,Stuck on with art on either side,Pulls off with care, and first displays 'em,Then in a play-book smoothly lays 'em.Now dexterously her plumpers draws,That serve to fill her hollow jaws.And it goes on like this. I mean, line after this is sort of raw doll quality to it, Pope, I think in contrast, it only illuminates him more to see where others are taking this kind of crude, very, very funny and witty, but very crude approach. He's able to really have the classical art of balance.James: Yes. And it's precisely his charm that he can mock it and sympathise and love it at the same time, which I think is just a more sort of complex suite of poetic emotions to have about that thing.Henry: So we want more people to read Pope and to love Pope.James: Yes. Even if I'm not letting him into my top.Henry: You are locking him out of the garden. Now, for the second tier, I want to argue for two anonymous poets. One of the things we did when we were talking about this was we asked chatGPT to see if it could give us a good answer. And if you use o1 or o1 Pro, it gives you a pretty good answer as to who the best poets in English are. But it has to be told that it's forgotten about the anonymous poets. And then it says, oh, that was stupid. There are quite a lot of good anonymous poets in English, but I suspect a lot of us, a lot of non artificial intelligence when thinking about this question overlook the anonymous poets. But I would think the Gawain poet and the Tom O' Bedlam poet deserve to be in here. I don't know what you think about that.James: I'm not competent to provide an opinion. I'm purely here to be educated on the subject of these anonymous poets. Henry: The Gawain poet, he's a mediaeval, assume it's a he, a mediaeval writer, obviously may well not be a man, a mediaeval writer. And he wrote Sir Gawain and The Green Knight, which is, if you haven't read it, you should really read it in translation first, I think because it's written at the same time as Chaucer. But Chaucer was written in a kind of London dialect, which is what became the English we speak. And so you can read quite a lot of Chaucer and the words look pretty similar and sometimes you need the footnotes, but when you read Gawain and The Green Knight, it's in a Northwestern dialect, which very much did not become modern day English. And so it's a bit more baffling, but it is a poem of tremendous imaginative power and weirdness. It's a very compelling story. We have a children's version here written by Selena Hastings who's a very accomplished biographer. And every now and then my son remembers it and he just reads it again and again and again. It's one of the best tales of King Arthur in his knights. And there's a wonderful book by John Burrow. It's a very short book, but that is such a loving piece of criticism that explicates the way in which that poem promotes virtue and all the nightly goodness that you would expect, but also is a very strange and unreal piece of work. And I think it has all the qualities of great poetry, but because it's written in this weird dialect, I remember as an undergraduate thinking, why is this so bloody difficult to read? But it is just marvellous. And I see people on Twitter, the few people who've read it, they read it again and they just say, God, it's so good. And I think there was a film of it a couple of years ago, but we will gloss lightly over that and not encourage you to do the film instead of the book.James: Yeah, you're now triggering a memory that I was at least set to read and perhaps did at least read part of Gawain and the Green Knight at University, but has not stuck to any brain cells at all.Henry: Well, you must try it again and tell me what you think. I mean, I find it easily to be one of the best poems in English.James: Yeah, no, I should. I had a little Chaucer kick recently actually, so maybe I'm prepared to rediscover mediaeval per after years of neglect since my degree,Henry: And it's quite short, which I always think is worth knowing. And then the Tom Bedlam is an anonymous poem from I think the 17th century, and it's one of the mad songs, so it's a bit like the Fool from King Lear. And again, it is a very mysterious, very strange and weird piece of work. Try and find it in and read the first few lines. And I think because it's anonymous, it's got slightly less of a reputation because it can't get picked up with some big name, but it is full of tremendous power. And again, I think it would be sad if it wasn't more well known.From the hag and hungry goblinThat into rags would rend ye,The spirit that stands by the naked manIn the Book of Moons defend ye,That of your five sound sensesYou never be forsaken,Nor wander from your selves with TomAbroad to beg your bacon,While I do sing, Any food, any feeding,Feeding, drink, or clothing;Come dame or maid, be not afraid,Poor Tom will injure nothing.Anyway, so you get the sense of it and it's got many stanzas and it's full of this kind of energy and it's again, very accomplished. It can carry the thought across these long lines and these long stanzas.James: When was it written? I'm aware of only if there's a name in the back of my mind.Henry: Oh, it's from the 17th century. So it's not from such a different time as King Lear, but it's written in the voice of a madman. And again, you think of that as the sort of thing a romantic poet would do. And it's strange to find it almost strange to find it displaced. There were these other mad songs. But I think because it's anonymous, it gets less well known, it gets less attention. It's not part of a bigger body of work, but it's absolutely, I think it's wonderful.James: I shall read it.Henry: So who have you got? Who else? Who are you putting in instead of these two?James: Hang on. So we're down to tier two now.Henry: Tier two.James: Yeah. So my tier two is: Donne, Elliot, Keats, Tennyson. I've put Spenser in tier two, Marvell and Pope, who we've already discussed. I mean, I think Eliot, we've talked about, I mean Donne just speaks for himself and there's probably a case that some people would make to bump him up a tier. Henry: Anybody can read that case in Katherine Rudell's book. We don't need to…James: Yes, exactly. If anybody's punching perhaps in tier two, it's Tennyson who I wasn't totally sure belonged there. Putting Tenon in the same tier as Donne and Spenser and Keets. I wonder if that's a little ambitious. I think that might raise eyebrows because there is a school of thought, which I'm not totally unsympathetic to this. What's the Auden quote about Tennyson? I really like it. I expressed very harshly, but I sort of get what he means. Auden said that Tennyson “had the finest ear perhaps of any English poet who was also undoubtedly the stupidest. There was little that he didn't know. There was little else that he did.” Which is far too harsh. But I mentioned to you earlier that I think was earlier this year, a friend and I had a project where we were going to memorise a perva week was a plan. We ended up basically getting, I think three quarters of the way through.And if there's a criticism of Tennyson that you could make, it's that the word music and the sheer lushness of phrases sometimes becomes its own momentum. And you can end up with these extremely lovely but sometimes slightly empty beautiful phrases, which is what I ended up feeling about Tithonus. And I sort of slightly felt I was memorising this unbelievably beautiful but ever so slightly hollow thing. And that was slightly why the project fell apart, I should say. Of course, they absolutely love Tennyson. He's one of my all time favourite poets, which is why my personal favouritism has bumped him up into that category. But I can see there's a case, and I think to a lot of people, he's just the kind of Victorian establishment gloom man, which is totally unfair, but there's not no case against Tennyson.Henry: Yeah, the common thing is that he has no ideas. I don't know if that's true or not. I'm also, I'm not sure how desperately important it is. It should be possible to be a great poet without ideas being at the centre of your work. If you accept the idea that the essence of poetry is invention, i.e. to say old things in a fantastically new way, then I think he qualifies very well as a great poet.James: Yes..Henry: Well, very well. I think Auden said what he said because he was anxious that it was true of himself.James: Yeah, I mean there's a strong argument that Auden had far too many ideas and the sorts of mad schemes and fantastical theories about history that Auden spent his spare time chasing after is certainly a kind of argument that poets maybe shouldn't have as many ideas, although it's just reading. Seamus Perry's got a very good little book on Tennyson, and the opening chapter is all about arguments about people who have tended to dislike Tennyson. And there are all kinds of embarrassing anecdotes about the elderly Tennyson trying to sort of go around dinner parties saying profound and sage-like things and totally putting his foot in it and saying things are completely banal. I should have made a note that this was sort of slightly, again, intensifying my alarm about is there occasionally a tinsely hollowness about Tennyson. I'm now being way too harsh about one of my favourite poets—Henry: I think it depends what you mean by ideas. He is more than just a poet of moods. He gives great expression, deep and strongly felt expression to a whole way of being and a whole way of conceiving of things. And it really was a huge part of why people became interested in the middle ages in the 19th century. I think there's Walter Scott and there's Tennyson who are really leading that work, and that became a dominant cultural force and it became something that meant a lot to people. And whether or not, I don't know whether it's the sort of idea that we're talking about, but I think that sort of thing, I think that qualifies as having ideas and think again, I think he's one of the best writers about the Arthurian legend. Now that work doesn't get into the Oxford Book of English Verse, maybe that's fair. But I think it was very important and I love it. I love it. And I find Tennyson easy to memorise, which is another point in his favour.James: Yeah.Henry: I'm going to read a little bit of Ulysses, which everyone knows the last five or six lines of that poem because it gets put into James Bond films and other such things. I'm going to read it from a little bit from earlier on. I am become a name;For always roaming with a hungry heartMuch have I seen and known; cities of menAnd manners, climates, councils, governments,Myself not least, but honour'd of them all;And drunk delight of battle with my peers,Far on the ringing plains of windy Troy.I am a part of all that I have met;Yet all experience is an arch wherethro'Gleams that untravell'd world, whose margin fadesFor ever and for ever when I move.I think that's amazing. And he can do that. He can do lots and lots and lots of that.James: Yeah, he really can. It's stunning. “Far on the ringing planes of windy Troy” is such an unbelievably evocative phrase.Henry: And that's what I mean. He's got this ability to bring back a sort of a whole mood of history. It's not just personal mood poetry. He can take you into these places and that is in the space of a line. In the space of a line. I think Matthew Arnold said of the last bit of what I just read is that he had this ability in Ulysses to make the lines seem very long and slow and to give them this kind of epic quality that far goes far beyond the actual length of that poem. Ulysses feels like this huge poem that's capturing so much of Homer and it's a few dozen lines.James: Yeah, no, I completely agree. Can I read a little bit of slightly more domestic Tennyson, from In Memoriam, I think his best poem and one of my all time favourite poems and it's got, there are many sort of famous lines on grief and things, but there's little sort of passage of natural description I think quite near the beginning that I've always really loved and I've always just thought was a stunning piece of poetry in terms of its sound and the way that the sound has patented and an unbelievably attentive description natural world, which is kind of the reason that even though I think Keats is a better poet, I do prefer reading Tennyson to Keats, so this is from the beginning of In Memoriam. Calm is the morn without a sound,Calm as to suit a calmer grief,And only thro' the faded leafThe chesnut pattering to the ground:Calm and deep peace on this high wold,And on these dews that drench the furze,And all the silvery gossamersThat twinkle into green and gold:Calm and still light on yon great plainThat sweeps with all its autumn bowers,And crowded farms and lessening towers,To mingle with the bounding main:And I just think that's an amazing piece of writing that takes you from that very close up image that it begins with of the “chestnut patterning to the ground” through the faded leaves of the tree, which is again, a really attentive little bit of natural description. I think anyone can picture the way that a chestnut might fall through the leaves of a chestnut tree, and it's just an amazing thing to notice. And I think the chestnut pattern to the ground does all the kind of wonderful, slightly onomatopoeic, Tennyson stuff so well, but by the end, you're kind of looking out over the English countryside, you've seen dew on the firs, and then you're just looking out across the plane to the sea, and it's this sort of, I just think it's one of those bits of poetry that anybody who stood in a slightly wet and romantic day in the English countryside knows exactly the feeling that he's evoking. And I mean there's no bit of—all of In Memoriam is pretty much that good. That's not a particularly celebrated passage I don't think. It's just wonderful everywhere.Henry: Yes. In Memoriam a bit like the Dunciad—under appreciated relative to its huge merits.James: Yeah, I think it sounds, I mean guess by the end of his life, Tennyson had that reputation as the establishment sage of Victorian England, queen of Victoria's favourite poet, which is a pretty off-putting reputation for to have. And I think In Memoriam is supposed to be this slightly cobwebby, musty masterpiece of Victorian grief. But there was just so much, I mean, gorgeous, beautiful sensuous poetry in it.Henry: Yeah, lots of very intense feelings. No, I agree. I have Tennyson my third tier because I had to have the Gawain poet, but I agree that he's very, very great.James: Yeah, I think the case for third tier is I'm very open to that case for the reasons that I said.Henry: Keats, we both have Keats much higher than Shelly. I think Byron's not on anyone's list because who cares about Byron. Overrated, badly behaved. Terrible jokes. Terrible jokes.James: I think people often think Byron's a better pert without having read an awful lot of the poetry of Byron. But I think anybody who's tried to wade through long swathes of Don Juan or—Henry: My God,James: Childe Harold, has amazing, amazing, beautiful moments. But yeah, there's an awful lot of stuff that you don't enjoy. I think.Henry: So to make the case for Keats, I want to talk about The Eve of St. Agnes, which I don't know about you, but I love The Eve of St. Agnes. I go back to it all the time. I find it absolutely electric.James: I'm going to say that Keats is a poet, which is kind of weird for somebody is sent to us and obviously beautiful as Keats. I sort of feel like I admire more than I love. I get why he's brilliant. It's very hard not to see why he's brilliant, but he's someone I would very rarely sit down and read for fun and somebody got an awful lot of feeling or excitement out of, but that's clearly a me problem, not a Keats problem.Henry: When I was a teenager, I knew so much Keats by heart. I knew the whole of the Ode to a Nightingale. I mean, I was absolutely steeped in it morning, noon and night. I couldn't get over it. And now I don't know if I could get back to that point. He was a very young poet and he writes in a very young way. But I'm going to read—The Eve of St. Agnes is great. It's a narrative poem, which I think is a good way to get into this stuff because the story is fantastic. And he had read Spenser, he was part of this kind of the beginning of this mediaeval revival. And he's very interested in going back to those old images, those old stories. And this is the bit, I think everything we're reading is from the Oxford Book of English Verse, so that if people at home want to read along they can.This is when the heroine of the poem is Madeline is making her escape basically. And I think this is very, very exciting. Her falt'ring hand upon the balustrade,Old Angela was feeling for the stair,When Madeline, St. Agnes' charmed maid,Rose, like a mission'd spirit, unaware:With silver taper's light, and pious care,She turn'd, and down the aged gossip ledTo a safe level matting. Now prepare,Young Porphyro, for gazing on that bed;She comes, she comes again, like ring-dove fray'd and fled.Out went the taper as she hurried in;Its little smoke, in pallid moonshine, died:She clos'd the door, she panted, all akinTo spirits of the air, and visions wide:No uttered syllable, or, woe betide!But to her heart, her heart was voluble,Paining with eloquence her balmy side;As though a tongueless nightingale should swellHer throat in vain, and die, heart-stifled, in her dell.A casement high and triple-arch'd there was,All garlanded with carven imag'riesOf fruits, and flowers, and bunches of knot-grass,And diamonded with panes of quaint device,Innumerable of stains and splendid dyes,As are the tiger-moth's deep-damask'd wings;And in the midst, 'mong thousand heraldries,And twilight saints, and dim emblazonings,A shielded scutcheon blush'd with blood of queens and kings.I mean, so much atmosphere, so much tension, so many wonderful images just coming one after the other. The rapidity of it, the tumbling nature of it. And people often quote the Ode to autumn, which has a lot of that.James: I have to say, I found that totally enchanting. And perhaps my problem is that I need you to read it all to me. You can make an audio book that I can listen to.Henry: I honestly, I actually might read the whole of the E and put it out as audio on Substack becauseJames: I would actually listen to that.Henry: I love it so much. And I feel like it gets, when we talk about Keats, we talk about, On First Looking into Chapman's Homer and Bright Star and La Belle Dame Sans Merci, and these are great, great poems and they're poems that we do at school Ode to a Nightingale because I think The Great Gatsby has a big debt to Ode to a Nightingale, doesn't it? And obviously everyone quotes the Ode to Autumn. I mean, as far as I can tell, the 1st of October every year is the whole world sharing the first stands of the Ode to Autumn.James: Yeah. He may be one of the people who suffers from over familiarity perhaps. And I think also because it sounds so much what poetry is supposed to sound like, because so much of our idea of poetry derives from Keats. Maybe that's something I've slightly need to get past a little bit.Henry: But if you can get into the complete works, there are many, the bit I just read is I think quite representative.James: I loved it. I thought it was completely beautiful and I would never have thought to ever, I probably can't have read that poem for years. I wouldn't have thought to read it. Since university, I don't thinkHenry: He's one of those people. All of my copies of him are sort of frayed and the spines are breaking, but the book is wearing out. I should just commit it to memory and be done. But somehow I love going back to it. So Keats is very high in my estimation, and we've both put him higher than Shelly and Coleridge.James: Yeah.Henry: Tell me why. Because those would typically, I think, be considered the superior poets.James: Do you think Shelly? I think Keats would be considered the superior poetHenry: To Shelly?James: Certainly, yes. I think to Shelly and Coleridge, that's where current fashion would place them. I mean, I have to say Coleridge is one of my all time favourite poets. In terms of people who had just every so often think, I'd love to read a poem, I'd love to read Frost at Midnight. I'd love to read the Aeolian Harp. I'd love to read This Lime Tree Bower, My Prison. I'd love to read Kubla Khan. Outside Milton, Coleridge is probably the person that I read most, but I think, I guess there's a case that Coleridge's output is pretty slight. What his reputation rest on is The Rime of the Ancient Mariner, Kubla Khan, the conversation poems, which a lot of people think are kind of plagiarised Wordsworth, at least in their style and tone, and then maybe not much else. Does anybody particularly read Cristabel and get much out of it nowadays? Dejection an Ode people like: it's never done an awful lot for me, so I sort of, in my personal Pantheon Coleridge is at the top and he's such an immensely sympathetic personality as well and such a curious person. But I think he's a little slight, and there's probably nothing in Coleridge that can match that gorgeous passage of Keats that you read. I think.Henry: Yeah, that's probably true. He's got more ideas, I guess. I don't think it matters that he's slight. Robert Frost said something about his ambition had been to lodge five or six poems in the English language, and if he'd done that, he would've achieved greatness. And obviously Frost very much did do that and is probably the most quotable and well-known poet. But I think Coleridge easily meets those criteria with the poems you described. And if all we had was the Rime of the Ancient Mariner, I would think it to be like Tom O' Bedlam, like the Elegy in a Country Churchyard, one of those great, great, great poems that on its own terms, deserves to be on this list.James: Yeah, and I guess another point in his favour is a great poet is they're all pretty unalike. I think if given Rime of the Ancient Mariner, a conversation poem and Kubla Khan and said, guess whether these are three separate poets or the same guy, you would say, oh, there's a totally different poems. They're three different people. One's a kind of creepy gothic horror ballad. Another one is a philosophical reflection. Another is the sort of Mad Opium dream. I mean, Kubla Khan is just without a doubt, one of the top handful of purposes in English language, I think.Henry: Oh yeah, yeah. And it has that quality of the Elegy in a Country Churchyard that so many of the lines are so quotable in the sense that they could be, in the case of the Elegy in a Country Churchyard, a lot of novels did get their titles from it. I think it was James Lees Milne. Every volume of his diaries, which there are obviously quite a few, had its title from Kubla Khan. Ancient as the Hills and so on. It's one of those poems. It just provides us with so much wonderful language in the space of what a page.James: Sort of goes all over the place. Romantic chasms, Abyssinian made with dulcimer, icy pleasure dome with caves of ice. It just such a—it's so mysterious. I mean, there's nothing else remotely like it at all in English literature that I can think of, and its kind strangeness and virtuosity. I really love that poem.Henry: Now, should we say a word for Shelly? Because everyone knows Ozymandias, which is one of those internet poems that goes around a lot, but I don't know how well known the rest of his body of work is beyond that. I fell in love with him when I read a very short lyric called “To—” Music, when soft voices die,Vibrates in the memory—Odours, when sweet violets sicken,Live within the sense they quicken.Rose leaves, when the rose is dead,Are heaped for the belovèd's bed;And so thy thoughts, when thou art gone,Love itself shall slumber on.I found that to be one of those poems that was once read and immediately memorised. But he has this very, again, broad body of work. He can write about philosophical ideas, he can write about moods, he can write narrative. He wrote Julian and Maddalo, which is a dialogue poem about visiting a madman and taking sympathy with him and asking the question, who's really mad here? Very Swiftian question. He can write about the sublime in Mont Blanc. I mean, he has got huge intellectual power along with the beauty. He's what people want Tennyson to be, I guess.James: Yeah. Or what people think Byron might be. I think Shelly is great. I don't quite get that Byron is so much more famous. Shelly has just a dramatic and, well, maybe not quite just as, but an incredibly dramatic and exciting life to go along with it,Henry: I think some of the short lyrics from Byron have got much more purchase in day-to-day life, like She Walks in Beauty.James: Yeah. I think you have to maybe get Shelly a little more length, don't you? I mean, even there's something like Ode to the West Wind is you have to take the whole thing to love it, perhaps.Henry: Yes. And again, I think he's a bit like George Herbert. He's always thinking you really have to pay attention and think with him. Whereas Byron has got lots of lines you can copy out and give to a girl that you like on the bus or something.James: Yes. No, that's true.Henry: I don't mean that in quite as rude a way as it sounds. I do think that's a good thing. But Shelly's, I think, much more of a thinker, and I agree with you Childe Harold and so forth. It's all crashing bore. I might to try it again, but awful.James: I don't want move past Coledridge without inflicting little Coledridge on you. Can I?Henry: Oh, yes. No, sorry. We didn't read Coledridge, right?James: Are just, I mean, what to read from Coledridge? I mean, I could read the whole of Kubla Khan, but that would be maybe a bit boring. I mean, again, these are pretty famous and obvious lines from Frost at Midnight, which is Coledridge sitting up late at night in his cottage with his baby in its cradle, and he sort of addressing it and thinking about it. And I just think these lines are so, well, everything we've said about Coledridge, philosophical, thoughtful, beautiful, in a sort of totally knockout, undeniable way. So it goes, he's talking to his young son, I think. My babe so beautiful! it thrills my heartWith tender gladness, thus to look at thee,And think that thou shalt learn far other lore,And in far other scenes! For I was rearedIn the great city, pent 'mid cloisters dim,And saw nought lovely but the sky and stars.But thou, my babe! shalt wander like a breezeBy lakes and sandy shores, beneath the cragsOf ancient mountain, and beneath the clouds,Which image in their bulk both lakes and shoresAnd mountain crags: so shalt thou see and hearThe lovely shapes and sounds intelligibleOf that eternal language, which thy GodUtters, who from eternity doth teachHimself in all, and all things in himself.Which is just—what aren't those lines of poetry doing? And with such kind of confidence, the way you get from talking to your baby and its cradle about what kind of upbringing you hope it will have to those flashes of, I mean quite Wordsworthian beauty, and then the sort of philosophical tone at the end. It's just such a stunning, lovely poem. Yeah, I love it.Henry: Now we both got Yeats and Hopkins. And Hopkins I think is really, really a tremendous poet, but neither of us has put Browning, which a lot of other people maybe would. Can we have a go at Browning for a minute? Can we leave him in shreds? James: Oh God. I mean, you're going to be a better advocate of Browning than I am. I've never—Henry: Don't advocate for him. No, no, no.James: We we're sticking him out.Henry: We're sticking him.James: I wonder if I even feel qualified to do that. I mean, I read quite a bit of Browning at university, found it hard to get on with sometimes. I think I found a little affected and pretentious about him and a little kind of needlessly difficult in a sort of off-puttingly Victorian way. But then I was reading, I reviewed a couple of years ago, John Carey has an excellent introduction to English poetry. I think it's called A Little History of Poetry in which he described Browning's incredibly long poem, The Ring in the Book as one of the all time wonders of verbal art. This thing is, I think it's like 700 or 800 pages long poem in the Penguin edition, which has always given me pause for thought and made me think that I've dismissed Browning out of hand because if John Carey's telling me that, then I must be wrong.But I think I have had very little pleasure out of Browning, and I mean by the end of the 19th century, there was a bit of a sort of Victorian cult of Browning, which I think was influential. And people liked him because he was a living celebrity who'd been anointed as a great poet, and people liked to go and worship at his feet and stuff. I do kind of wonder whether he's lasted, I don't think many people read him for pleasure, and I wonder if that maybe tells its own story. What's your case against Browning?Henry: No, much the same. I think he's very accomplished and very, he probably, he deserves a place on the list, but I can't enjoy him and I don't really know why. But to me, he's very clever and very good, but as you say, a bit dull.James: Yeah, I totally agree. I'm willing. It must be our failing, I'm sure. Yeah, no, I'm sure. I'm willing to believe they're all, if this podcast is listened to by scholars of Victorian poetry, they're cringing and holding their head in their hands at this—Henry: They've turned off already. Well, if you read The Ring and the Book, you can come back on and tell us about it.James: Oh God, yeah. I mean, in about 20 years time.Henry: I think we both have Auden, but you said something you said, “does Auden have an edge of fraudulence?”James: Yeah, I mean, again, I feel like I'm being really rude about a lot of poets that I really love. I don't really know why doesn't think, realising that people consider to be a little bit weak makes you appreciate their best stuff even more I guess. I mean, it's hard to make that argument without reading a bit of Auden. I wonder what bit gets it across. I haven't gotten any ready. What would you say about Auden?Henry: I love Auden. I think he was the best poet of the 20th century maybe. I mean, I have to sort of begrudgingly accept T.S. Eliot beside, I think he can do everything from, he can do songs, light lyrics, comic verse, he can do occasional poetry, obituaries. He was a political poet. He wrote in every form, I think almost literally that might be true. Every type of stanza, different lines. He was just structurally remarkable. I suspect he'll end up a bit like Pope once the culture has tur

Des chants d'amour aux chants contestataires, avec Kader Tarhanine (Mali/Algérie) et Three Days of Forest (France). #SessionLive Nos premiers invités sont les musiciens du groupe touareg Kader TarhanineKader Tarhanine, l'étoile montante de la musique moderne touarègue, captive un public de plus en plus large grâce à son talent inné et à sa fraîcheur artistique. En 2012, il a été propulsé sur la scène internationale avec sa chanson emblématique «Tarhanine Tegla : mon amour est parti», devenant ainsi une figure majeure pour la jeunesse touarègue dans le monde entier. Sa musique fusionne habilement les rythmes traditionnels touaregs avec des influences rock, créant un son unique et captivant. Les paroles poétiques de ses chansons, souvent en tamacheq ou en arabe, ajoutent une dimension profonde à sa musique, touchant les cœurs de ceux qui l'écoutent. En plus de son talent musical, Kader Tarhanine est également connu pour ses performances scéniques impressionnantes et sa maîtrise exceptionnelle de la guitare, ce qui lui a valu une réputation d'artiste incontournable de la scène touarègue moderne. Au fil des ans, il a collaboré avec de nombreuses icônes de la musique africaine, telles qu'Oumou Sangaré, Fatoumata Diawara, Sidiki Diabaté du Mali, Mouna Dendeny de la Mauritanie et même Carlou D du Sénégal. Ces collaborations ont non seulement enrichi sa musique, mais ont également fait de lui un artisan de la paix par la musique, utilisant son art pour promouvoir l'harmonie et la compréhension entre les peuples. En tant qu'ambassadeur symbolique, la musique de Kader Tarhanine transcende les frontières, prônant l'harmonie entre les régions sahélo-sahariennes jusqu'au Maghreb, souvent déchirées par des crises multiples. Son engagement en faveur de la paix et de l'unité, combiné à son talent musical indéniable, fait de lui une figure emblématique de la musique africaine contemporaine.Titres interprétés au grand studio- Kal Diabbas Live RFI- Imanine, titre Cd- Al Gamra Leila Live RFI voir le clip Line Up : Kader Tarhanine (Guitare lead et chant), Mohammed Zenani (Guitare et Chœur), Alhousseini Mohamed (Percussions, Batterie, Chœur), Drissa Kone (Guitare Basse) et le tour manager Ehamat Ag El Medy.Son : Mathias Taylor & Benoît Letirant.► Album Ikewane _Racines (Essakane Productions).- Site - Instagram- Chaîne YouTube - Deezer- Facebook - Afrika Festival Hollande 2023. #SessionLive Puis nous recevons le groupe Three Days of Forest pour la sortie de Four Trees. Et c'est en duo qu'Angela Flahault et Séverine Morfin présentent cet album. Une forme musicale atypique : Alto, batterie, claviers et voix augmentées d'effets électroniques. Un quartet à l'énergie rock qui rend hommage aux poétesses afro-américaines et anglophones engagées : Rita Dove, Gwendolyn Brooks, Charlotte Perkins Pilman, Charlotte Mew... Le groupe revisite ces poèmes sous forme de «protest songs» électriques et crée un folklore imaginaire, onirique et halluciné. Leur musique vole ainsi d'un possible chant de manifestants au free jazz, d'une chanson comptine à une frénésie de transe. Une Ode à la liberté́ ! Un duo de compositrices.  Depuis 2010, l'altiste Séverine Morfin et la chanteuse Angela Flahault collaborent autour de leur amour pour la poésie. En 2017, elles créent le Trio Three Days of Forest qui en 2023 devient un quartet. Three days of Forest est Lauréat Jazz Migration 2018.Séverine Morfin affectionne les dialogues féconds : écriture et improvisation, musique concrète et jazz, rock et exploration électro-acoustique, poésie contemporaine et chanson. Elle est actuellement en tournée avec plusieurs de ses projets : le quartet Mad Maple, le quartet Simone. Elle est en résidence au Théâtre de Vanves, au Comptoir à Fontenay. Éclectique, elle collabore avec des musiciens.nes d'horizons différents, de «Fred Pallem et Le Sacre du Tympan» au Wanderlust d'Ellinoa, de l'orchestre Danzas de Jean-Marie Machado au quintet de Piers Faccini... On l'a vue participer au Tubafest d'Andy Emler, aux Comédies musicales de Thomas de Pourquery, à l'ONJ Rituels,... Formée à l'alto classique et au Jazz à Paris, elle est titulaire d'une maîtrise d'Histoire contemporaine à La Sorbonne et d'un Master 2 de Musicologie. Elle collabore avec le poète Jacques Rebotier pour la création «Chansons Climatiques et Sentimentales», avec l'écrivaine Violaine Schwartz et compose la musique de deux spectacles chorégraphiques. Elle est directrice artistique de la compagnie Garden depuis 2017. Angela Flahault est une chanteuse tout terrain, elle aime s'emparer du rock, de la folk, de la chanson, de la pop, du jazz avec la liberté́ d'une voyageuse. Au conservatoire, elle se forme au chant lyrique, à la comédie musicale mais quitte cet enseignement quand elle découvre avec appétit la musique improvisée auprès de Phil Minton puis Joëlle Léandre. En 2004, parallèlement à ses études musicales, elle obtient un diplôme national d'arts plastiques aux Arts Décoratifs de Strasbourg. Depuis 2014, on la retrouve au chant lead auprès du grand orchestre du Tricollectif dans le Tribute à Lucienne Boyer. En 2017, elle se produit aussi dans Le serpent des mers et autres contes avec le flûtiste Joce Mienniel. On la retrouve au chant lead pour la création chorégraphique de Gregory Maqoma à l'Opéra de Lyon en 2021/22. En sept. 2022, elle part pour une expédition chantée sur le trajet de l'Odyssée d'Homère avec un équipage d'artistes internationaux avec Mission O. Angela Flahault trouve son équilibre dans le mélange des médiums artistiques. Qu'on ne lui demande pas de choisir entre la musique et les arts plastiques ! C'est précisément cela qui lui permet de proposer un univers fort et entier.Titres interprétés au grand studio- My Taste Live RFI- Great Trees, extrait de l'album- Crazy Woman Live RFI Line up : Angela Flahault - voix et effets et Séverine Morfin - alto et effets.Son : Benoît Letirant, Mathias Taylor, Mathieu Dubois.► Album Four Trees (Garden Rd 2024)- Site - Facebook - Instagram

Des chants d'amour aux chants contestataires, avec Kader Tarhanine (Mali/Algérie) et Three Days of Forest (France). #SessionLive Nos premiers invités sont les musiciens du groupe touareg Kader TarhanineKader Tarhanine, l'étoile montante de la musique moderne touarègue, captive un public de plus en plus large grâce à son talent inné et à sa fraîcheur artistique. En 2012, il a été propulsé sur la scène internationale avec sa chanson emblématique «Tarhanine Tegla : mon amour est parti», devenant ainsi une figure majeure pour la jeunesse touarègue dans le monde entier. Sa musique fusionne habilement les rythmes traditionnels touaregs avec des influences rock, créant un son unique et captivant. Les paroles poétiques de ses chansons, souvent en tamacheq ou en arabe, ajoutent une dimension profonde à sa musique, touchant les cœurs de ceux qui l'écoutent. En plus de son talent musical, Kader Tarhanine est également connu pour ses performances scéniques impressionnantes et sa maîtrise exceptionnelle de la guitare, ce qui lui a valu une réputation d'artiste incontournable de la scène touarègue moderne. Au fil des ans, il a collaboré avec de nombreuses icônes de la musique africaine, telles qu'Oumou Sangaré, Fatoumata Diawara, Sidiki Diabaté du Mali, Mouna Dendeny de la Mauritanie et même Carlou D du Sénégal. Ces collaborations ont non seulement enrichi sa musique, mais ont également fait de lui un artisan de la paix par la musique, utilisant son art pour promouvoir l'harmonie et la compréhension entre les peuples. En tant qu'ambassadeur symbolique, la musique de Kader Tarhanine transcende les frontières, prônant l'harmonie entre les régions sahélo-sahariennes jusqu'au Maghreb, souvent déchirées par des crises multiples. Son engagement en faveur de la paix et de l'unité, combiné à son talent musical indéniable, fait de lui une figure emblématique de la musique africaine contemporaine.Titres interprétés au grand studio- Kal Diabbas Live RFI- Imanine, titre Cd- Al Gamra Leila Live RFI voir le clip Line Up : Kader Tarhanine (Guitare lead et chant), Mohammed Zenani (Guitare et Chœur), Alhousseini Mohamed (Percussions, Batterie, Chœur), Drissa Kone (Guitare Basse) et le tour manager Ehamat Ag El Medy.Son : Mathias Taylor & Benoît Letirant.► Album Ikewane _Racines (Essakane Productions).- Site - Instagram- Chaîne YouTube - Deezer- Facebook - Afrika Festival Hollande 2023. #SessionLive Puis nous recevons le groupe Three Days of Forest pour la sortie de Four Trees. Et c'est en duo qu'Angela Flahault et Séverine Morfin présentent cet album. Une forme musicale atypique : Alto, batterie, claviers et voix augmentées d'effets électroniques. Un quartet à l'énergie rock qui rend hommage aux poétesses afro-américaines et anglophones engagées : Rita Dove, Gwendolyn Brooks, Charlotte Perkins Pilman, Charlotte Mew... Le groupe revisite ces poèmes sous forme de «protest songs» électriques et crée un folklore imaginaire, onirique et halluciné. Leur musique vole ainsi d'un possible chant de manifestants au free jazz, d'une chanson comptine à une frénésie de transe. Une Ode à la liberté́ ! Un duo de compositrices.  Depuis 2010, l'altiste Séverine Morfin et la chanteuse Angela Flahault collaborent autour de leur amour pour la poésie. En 2017, elles créent le Trio Three Days of Forest qui en 2023 devient un quartet. Three days of Forest est Lauréat Jazz Migration 2018.Séverine Morfin affectionne les dialogues féconds : écriture et improvisation, musique concrète et jazz, rock et exploration électro-acoustique, poésie contemporaine et chanson. Elle est actuellement en tournée avec plusieurs de ses projets : le quartet Mad Maple, le quartet Simone. Elle est en résidence au Théâtre de Vanves, au Comptoir à Fontenay. Éclectique, elle collabore avec des musiciens.nes d'horizons différents, de «Fred Pallem et Le Sacre du Tympan» au Wanderlust d'Ellinoa, de l'orchestre Danzas de Jean-Marie Machado au quintet de Piers Faccini... On l'a vue participer au Tubafest d'Andy Emler, aux Comédies musicales de Thomas de Pourquery, à l'ONJ Rituels,... Formée à l'alto classique et au Jazz à Paris, elle est titulaire d'une maîtrise d'Histoire contemporaine à La Sorbonne et d'un Master 2 de Musicologie. Elle collabore avec le poète Jacques Rebotier pour la création «Chansons Climatiques et Sentimentales», avec l'écrivaine Violaine Schwartz et compose la musique de deux spectacles chorégraphiques. Elle est directrice artistique de la compagnie Garden depuis 2017. Angela Flahault est une chanteuse tout terrain, elle aime s'emparer du rock, de la folk, de la chanson, de la pop, du jazz avec la liberté́ d'une voyageuse. Au conservatoire, elle se forme au chant lyrique, à la comédie musicale mais quitte cet enseignement quand elle découvre avec appétit la musique improvisée auprès de Phil Minton puis Joëlle Léandre. En 2004, parallèlement à ses études musicales, elle obtient un diplôme national d'arts plastiques aux Arts Décoratifs de Strasbourg. Depuis 2014, on la retrouve au chant lead auprès du grand orchestre du Tricollectif dans le Tribute à Lucienne Boyer. En 2017, elle se produit aussi dans Le serpent des mers et autres contes avec le flûtiste Joce Mienniel. On la retrouve au chant lead pour la création chorégraphique de Gregory Maqoma à l'Opéra de Lyon en 2021/22. En sept. 2022, elle part pour une expédition chantée sur le trajet de l'Odyssée d'Homère avec un équipage d'artistes internationaux avec Mission O. Angela Flahault trouve son équilibre dans le mélange des médiums artistiques. Qu'on ne lui demande pas de choisir entre la musique et les arts plastiques ! C'est précisément cela qui lui permet de proposer un univers fort et entier.Titres interprétés au grand studio- My Taste Live RFI- Great Trees, extrait de l'album- Crazy Woman Live RFI Line up : Angela Flahault - voix et effets et Séverine Morfin - alto et effets.Son : Benoît Letirant, Mathias Taylor, Mathieu Dubois.► Album Four Trees (Garden Rd 2024)- Site - Facebook - Instagram

Frogs who love rain, the poem that came from a magpie, the poetry of the peleton, and the everyday language of dating apps. Ian McMillan's guests this week (Hollie McNish, Testament, Ira Lightman and Liz Berry) bring all of this to the studio table and much, much more.Hollie McNish's latest book is 'Lobster and other things I'm learning to love' - she shares a pluviophile poem that shows how much joy there can be in realistic love.Ira Lightman is an innovative poet and artist and this week, especially for The Verb, he turns the Salford studio into a poetry version of the Tour de France - including a hot potato.Liz Berry's latest book is 'The Home Child' - she celebrates the poetry of Charlotte Mew, and reads a brand new poem inspired by a frightening but enchanting encounter with a magpie.Testament is a rapper, beatboxer, poet and playwright. His careful attention to the everyday language of people from different political positions, and to the language of dating apps informed his play 'Love in Gravitational Waves' - he shares some of the poetry that its characters write.

Una noche blanca (A White Night) es un relato gótico de la escritora inglesa Charlotte Mew (1869-1928), publicado originalmente en la dición de mayo de 1903 de la revista Temple Bar. Una noche blanca, uno de los mejores cuentos de Charlotte Mew, relata la historia de tres ingleses: Cameron y Ella [hermanos] y King [esposo de Ella], quienes visitan una aldea rural de Andalucía, España, en la primavera de 1876. El énfasis incial se pone sobre Ella, quien muestra una gran fortaleza física para aceptar «cualquier cosa que sucediera, desde la suciedad hasta el peligro». El día del «incidente», el grupo tiene una jornada de viaje agotadora por una «carretera blanca y recta», hasta que llegan a una posada en un pueblo remoto. A pesar de su fatiga, Ella incita a sus compañeros a dar un paseo lejos del pueblo. Pronto se topan con una antigua iglesia y un convento a la «sombra de una colina»: «La gran estructura gris era impresionante por su soledad, su negación rotunda del mundo exterior, su desapego inexpresivo.» Buscando refugio ingresan «en un pequeño claustro» al final del cual encuentran una puerta abierta. El lugar está iluminado por la luz mortecina de una ventana. Al intentar salir se dan cuenta que la puerta está cerrada y, después de considerar varios métodos de escape, se disponen a esperar hasta la mañana para ser rescatados por el sacristán. La completa quietud, oscuridad y silencio de la capilla los oprime: «La quietud se volvió insistente; era literalmente mortal, rígida, excluyente, incluso terriblemente remota. Nos excluía y nos mantenía apartados; nuestras presencias pasivas, nuestra mera vitalidad, parecían casi una perturbación.» Alrededor de la medianoche, el intranquilo descanso del grupo se ve perturbado por «una nota penetrante e intermitente», un grito, seguido del cántico de una procesión. Son unos «cincuenta o sesenta monjes» comprometidos en una ceremonia, un ritual, que culmina con el entierro de una mujer [viva] bajo una losa ante el altar. Cameron, quien narra esta historia, no interviene, e impide activamente que King lo haga bajo el pretexto de que ellos también están en peligro, aunque en realidad es presa de una fascinación morbosa [ver: La atracción por lo macabro]. Cuando los monjes abandonan la iglesia los tres intentan encontrar la losa en la oscuridad, pero al amanecer se dan cuenta que sus esfuerzos han sido inútiles: han encontrado la losa pero no pueden levantarla y abandonan la iglesia. El grupo denuncia el episodio al cónsul británico, quien sólo se encoge de hombros. Les sugiere abandonar España en las próximas horas. Cameron señala, como comentario final, que este episodio todavía atormenta los sueños de Ella y que ella nunca lo ha perdonado. Lo cierto es que Cameron está conmovido por el ritual; sin embargo, hay algo en el comportamiento de la mujer sacrificada que le hace sentir que salvarla estaría mal. «Ella tenía un papel que desempeñar», y continúa describiendo con una especie de éxtasis la expresión inescrutable de su rostro: «Vi su cara. Era de una belleza sorprendente, pero, ¿cuál era su edad? No se podría decir. Tenía los tintes, la pureza de la juventud... de no ser por un velo de fina represión que sólo los años podrían haber tejido. Y era en sí mismo —ese rostro— una máscara, una de las más hermosas máscaras que el espíritu jamás haya usado. ¿Esas facciones ardieron de pasión? ¿Se contrajeron de pena? ¿Acaso sonrió?» Al menos para Cameron, el rostro de la mujer posee agencia propia; es independiente de su cuerpo [ver: El cuerpo de la mujer en el Gótico]. No la ve como una víctima, a pesar de que ella misma ha entrado a la iglesia gritando. Cameron observa [no está claro con qué autoridad] que estos gritos desgarradores son simples reflejos instintivos, mientras que su rostro impasible es la verdadera clave de su estado emocional: «Ella yace ahora en el mismo centro del santuario: tiene un lugar exclusivamente sagrado para su orden, las tradiciones de su especie. Fue este honor, que satisfacía algún orgullo de espíritu o de raza, lo que la ayudó a salir honorablemente.» Es decir que, para Cameron, la mujer no fue sacrificada contra su voluntad; ella misma lo consideraba un «honor» que «satisfacía algún orgullo de espíritu o de raza». Sus clamores desesperados son parte de su desempeño en el ritual. Esto la convierte en la verdadera protagonista de Una noche blanca, o al menos el único personaje indivualizado. Los monjes, en cambio, no son tratados como individuos sino como una entidad confusa e indistinta. Solo obtenemos diferencias superficiales entre ellos, pero sus personalidades están ausentes, se vuelven insignificantes porque son una multitud: «Algunos de los rostros tocaban la divinidad, otros caían por debajo de la humanidad; algunos eran simplemente una mancha de libro y una campana, y todos estaban impasibles hacia la mujer que estaba de pie. Y entonces se perdía el sentido de su diversidad en su semejanza; la similitud persistió hasta que la hilera de rostros pareció fusionarse en uno solo (un rostro sin nada de humano), en un sistema, en una regla. Se cerraron sobre la mujer, se sentía su fuerza: no eran manos de hombres.» Charlotte Mew urde en esta escena una brillante representación de un sistema [que hoy llamaríamos patriarcado] cuyos engranajes están compuestos por gente común, personas que no son «ni santos ni demonios». Ningún monje coloca a la mujer en la tumba; ella entra y se acuesta, pero esos rostros impersonales han creado la atmósfera para que la mujer pueda hacerse eso a sí misma. No se trata de un sistema opresivo tradicional que actúa bajo la amenaza de un castigo, sino más bien de una estructura que obliga a que las personas actúen contra sus propios intereses. King, el marido de Ella, se siente impulsado a ayudar a la mujer, y podría haber sido el héroe de esta historia, pero Cameron lo detiene. Este último percibe únicamente el lado simbólico de la experiencia, la considera «un crimen bastante espléndido». Sólo Ella sigue atormentada por el episodio, algo que Cameron, sugiere, se debe a su irracionalidad femenina: «Ella se niega a admitir que, después de todo, lo que uno se complace en llamar realidad es simplemente la intensidad de su ilusión». Cameron, como representante de la masculinidad, puede darse el lujo de creer que la realidad es una ilusión, porque en muchos sentidos lo es para él. La mujer en el altar no puede permitirse estas reflexiones filosóficas porque la realidad cae sobre ella con todo su peso. Charlotte Mew establece un espectáculo central que, en apariencia, separa la razón de la irracionalidad, lo civilizado de lo bárbaro; pero en realidad es una especie de teatro macabro que concede deleite y gratificación a los observadores, mientras que sus participantes sólo experimentan horror. Para deleitarse con el ritual, Cameron debe cubrir todo el asunto bajo el manto de lo exótico, debe convencerse de que la mujer está actuando «honorablemente», de lo contrario él mismo se transformaría en un voyeurista perverso. Su hermana, Ella, se resiente porque descubre que la mujer sacrificada fue apenas un «espectáculo» para él, y Cameron acepta esto explícitamente. Encuentra belleza y «arte» en la experiencia del mismo modo en que Edgar Allan Poe consideraba que el motivo más sublime del arte es la muerte de una mujer hermosa [ver: Mi esposa nigromante: análisis de «Ligeia»] Charlotte Mew nos obliga a observar todo a través de la mirada de Cameron, quien no es un observador pasivo, sino que participa del ritual al impedir que King y Ella puedan hacer algo al respecto. Al narrar este demencial sacrificio, elige mantenerse ajeno a las implicaciones más amplias del «espectáculo»; y al observar el asesinato está desprovisto de sentimientos básicos. Para deleitarse, necesita ver e interpretar los acontecimientos sin compasión. De ese modo la mujer es «arte», no un ser humano vivo. Se entiende que el narrador de Una noche blanca es Cameron, quien abre el primer párrafo. Lo que sigue a continuación se acepta como una continuación del discurso inicial de Cameron, pero esto no es así. Un «Yo» no identificado emerge después de la introducción y asegura haber transcripto fielmente el relato de Cameron: «Yo lo escribí la noche que me lo contó y, gracias a un truco de precisión, creo que tienes en tus manos la historia tal como la escuché, casi palabra por palabra.» Este escriba anónimo no desarrolla la historia en tercera persona, sino que [«gracias a un truco de precisión»] repite la historia tal como la escuchó de Cameron [«casi palabra por palabra»]. Por alguna razón, los acontecimientos de Una noche blanca hacen que uno olvide esta ironía inicial y confíe en la autoridad narrativa de Cameron, cuando en realidad toda la historia depende de este «truco de precisión» no especificado. No estamos leyendo la interpretación de Cameron de lo que pasó aquella noche en el claustro, sino la reinterpretación de un tercero. De hecho, el propio Cameron reconoce la inutilidad de la narrativa como medio para expresar lo que ha ocurrido [«El incidente... se estropea inevitablemente al contarlo»]. Para salvar esta distancia entre el hecho y su relato, Cameron asegura que la muerte de la mujer fue un «asunto medieval». Es decir, intenta que el lector no juzgue con ojos actuales [1876], sino que «retroceda algunos siglos» para que este horror «adquiera el significado apropiado». Una noche blanca está impregnado de esta especie de conciencia de la imposibilidad: Cameron no puede contar lo que ocurrió sin «estropearlo»; el escriba no puede transcribir esta narración imperfecta [lo hace «casi» palabra por palabra]; Cameron no intercede para impedir que los monjes entierren viva a la mujer, y todo esto es precedido por la admisión de que el «significado» del texto solo es accesible a través de su objetivación. Al final de Una noche blanca, Cameron reconoce que los acontecimientos de la historia requieren que se los reconstruya en la imaginación. Charlotte Mew juega con esta imposibilidad para narrar los acontecimientos, no porque estos no tengan sentido sino porque surgen de un sistema de creencias [la España rural del siglo XIX] ajeno al de quienes se proponen representarlos [la Inglaterra victoriana]. Cameron, King y Ella son «turistas concienzudos», poseen un conocimiento muy rudimentario de la lengua y la cultura españolas. Por ejemplo, cuando Ella intenta hablar con el posadero: «la conversación, decididamente marcada por elogios por su parte, por parte de ella quedó un poco embotada por un vocabulario limitado, y nos dejó a ambos presumiendo un margen para la imaginación». La posterior descripción del ritual sigue esta misma premisa: imaginar para llenar los baches y de este modo asegurarse una forma provisional de comprensión. El significado del ritual nunca se revela. No sabemos porqué la mujer es enterrada viva, pero evidentemente los perpetradores no son un grupo marginal de la sociedad; son monjes y sacerdotes. El hecho de que la iglesia esté situada junto a un convento podría sugerir que la mujer enterrada es una monja o una novicia. Charlotte Mew no proporciona ningún indicio adicional, pero es lícito suponer que si se necesita una mujer, preferente virgen, para llevar a cabo un sacrificio, el convento vecino es una buena opción para conseguirla. Si este fuese un cuento de M.R. James, la mujer habría sido encerrada en la tumba para alimentar a algún vampiro o demonio en las catacumbas de la iglesia; de hecho, podemos pensar que «la sombra de una sonrisa» en los labios de la mujer [a punto de ser enterrada viva] podría revelar que ella tiene sus propios planes. Su vestido blanco, su velo que recuerda a una novia, su aceptación de la muerte, su carácter inescrutable para los hombres, la «plena posesión de sí misma», sugieren que es algo más que una víctima pasiva. Cameron nota que su «presencia», «su perturbación», no dejan «huella» en los monjes; es decir, ninguno reacciona ante sus gritos. «Para ellos, de hecho, ella no estaba». Lo curioso es que la mujer también parece extrañamente inconsciente de quienes la rodean. Sus gritos y sus movimientos parecen «mecánicos», como si fuese una puesta en escena. Para Cameron, la mujer «no era del todo real, no vivía del todo y, sin embargo, su presencia allí era la realidad suprema». Análisis de: El Espejo Gótico http://elespejogotico.blogspot.com/2024/01/una-noche-blanca-charlotte-mew-relato-y.html Texto del relato extraído de: http://elespejogotico.blogspot.com/2024/01/una-noche-blanca-charlotte-mew-relato-y.html Musicas: - 01. Mind Tricks - Experia (Epidemic) Nota: Este audio no se realiza con fines comerciales ni lucrativos. Es de difusión enteramente gratuita e intenta dar a conocer tanto a los escritores de los relatos y cuentos como a los autores de las músicas. Nota: Este audio no se realiza con fines comerciales ni lucrativos. Es de difusión enteramente gratuita e intenta dar a conocer tanto a los escritores de los relatos y cuentos como a los autores de las músicas. ¿Quieres anunciarte en este podcast? Hazlo con advoices.com/podcast/ivoox/352537 Escucha el episodio completo en la app de iVoox, o descubre todo el catálogo de iVoox Originals

Amanda Holmes reads Charlotte Mew's poem “The Call.” Have a suggestion for a poem by a (dead) writer? Email us: podcast@theamericanscholar.org. If we select your entry, you'll win a copy of a poetry collection edited by David Lehman. This episode was produced by Stephanie Bastek and features the song “Canvasback” by Chad Crouch. Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

This week, Frank explains why the poet, Charlotte Mew, should, in his opinion, be a household name. The poems referenced are ‘The Farmer's Bride' and ‘Sea Love'.

Recorded by Academy of American Poets staff for Poem-a-Day, a series produced by the Academy of American Poets. Published on January 14, 2023. www.poets.org

Seamus Perry and Mark Ford look at the life and work of Charlotte Mew, who brought the Victorian art of dramatic monologue into the 20th century, and whose difficult experiences are often refracted through her damaged and marginalised characters.To listen to series one of Modern-ish Poets and all our other Close Readings series, sign up here:Directly in Apple Podcasts: https://apple.co/3pJoFPqIn other podcast apps: lrb.me/closereadingsFurther reading on Mew in the LRB:Matthew BevisPenelope FitzgeraldSusannah ClappSeries one of Modern-ish Poets looks at Philip Larkin, W. H. Auden, Elizabeth Bishop, Thomas Hardy, Stevie Smith, A. E. Housman, Wallace Stevens, Sylvia Plath, Seamus Heaney and Robert Lowell.This episode was first published on the LRB Podcast in March 2021. Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

Today's poem is The Trees are Down by Charlotte Mew.

Charlotte Mew's poetry has some unusual qualities, like in this poem which starts out like she's a more reserved Frank O'Hara and then ends more like Rilke. It's also the only Arbor Day poem you'll hear today that has a dead rat in it. Mew is not the only one who's unusual--our listeners are too. The Parlando Project has done over 600 combinations of various words (mostly poetry) with original music. You can find those performances and more at frankhudson.org

Rebecca Goss and our host Julia Copus discuss two classic poems, 'Bath' by Amy Lowell and 'Sea Love' by Charlotte Mew, in another instalment of our special ‘Poetry Break' series.

Seamus Perry and Mark Ford look at the life and work of Charlotte Mew, who brought the Victorian art of dramatic monologue into the 20th century, and whose difficult experiences are often refracted through her damaged and marginalised characters.Find related reading in the LRB here: https://lrb.me/mewpodSubscribe to the LRB from just £1 per issue: https://mylrb.co.uk/podcast20bTitle music by Kieran Brunt See acast.com/privacy for privacy and opt-out information.

Seventeen years ago you said Something that sounded like Good-bye; And everybody thinks that you are dead, But I. So I, as I grow stiff and cold To this and that say Good-bye too; And everybody sees that I am old But you. And one fine morning in a sunny lane Some boy and girl will meet and kiss and swear That nobody can love their way again While over there You will have smiled, I shall have tossed your hair.

Read by Madeline McGowanProduction and Sound Design by Kevin Seaman

Read by Madeline McGowanProduction and Sound Design by Kevin Seaman

What lurks behind the glory days? Is there salvation in nature? Or has humanity moved to far forward in it's relentless pursuit of progress? These are the questions that Charlotte Mew puts to us in her poem Fame. Though all this hides her true question; Can we ever find a peace between our inner desires and social contracts? Charlotte Mew is surely one of the most tragic figures to emerge from the Victorian period of poetry. In this week's episode I take a look at her life and her struggles through one of her most beautiful poems and reveal just what made her such a unique voice in her time.You can find a copy of the poem here: https://poets.org/poem/fameThe show notes for today's episode, with full references can be found here: https://wordsthatburnpodcast.com/You can get in touch with me on instagram: https://www.instagram.com/wordsthatburnpodcast/The music in this weeks episode is Lavender by Sergey Cheremisinov and is used under creative commons license . Enjoy his music here: https://www.s-cheremisinov.com/ Our GDPR privacy policy was updated on August 8, 2022. Visit acast.com/privacy for more information.

Rooms By Charlotte Mew

For Poetry Month this spring, Robin reads work by Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz, Louise Erdrich, Dorothy Parker, Audre Lorde, Victoria Chang, Kimiko Hahn, Lucille Clifton, Edna St. Vincent Millay, Suzi F. Garcia, Stevie Smith, Charlotte Mew, and others.

This week, Thea Lenarduzzi and Lucy Dallas are joined by Emma Smith, Professor of Shakespeare Studies at Hertford College, Oxford, to discuss the new Arden 3 edition of ‘Measure for Measure’, one of the "problem plays" (word-bothers, en garde); the poet and translator Beverley Bie Brahic marks 200 years since the birth of Charles Baudelaire, whose extraordinary work seems bizarrely neglected; plus, Charlotte Mew, and the dangers of ancient Greek medicine.Measure for Measure, edited by A. R. Braunmuller and Robert N. Watson (Arden Shakespeare)The Invention of Medicine: From Homer to Hippocrates, by Robin Lane FoxThis Rare Spirit: A Life of Charlotte Mew, by Julia CopusA special subscription offer for TLS podcast listeners: www.the-tls.co.uk/buy/pod See acast.com/privacy for privacy and opt-out information.

British poet Charlotte Mew wrote this poem for the first Remembrance Day in 1919. Listen to it now in it's entirety as it moves from observed sorrow to a shocking statement of anger. For more about this and other combinations of various words with original music visit frankhudson.org

I perform British poet Charlotte Mew's poem for the American Memorial Day with music. For more about this and many other combinations of various words with original music visit frankhudson.org

En una nueva emisión de Vidas Prestadas, Hinde Pomeraniec entrevistó al escritor y periodista Horacio Convertini, autor de “Los que duermen en el polvo”, para hablar de su obra literaria para adultos y niños y de su faceta como recomendador de libros y series. Además, en Mesita de Luz, la escritora Paula Vázquez contó qué libros está leyendo. En la sección La Escondida, Hinde contó la historia de Charlotte Mew y en Libros que sí recomendó “Los mejores cuentos policiales” selección de Borges y Bioy Casares, “La muerte en Venecia”, de Thomas Mann y “Estás muy callada hoy”, de Ana Navajas. En la sección En voz alta, Santiago Craig leyó un fragmento de “La sueñera, de Ana María Shua.

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Today's poem is Charlotte Mew's "A Quoi Bon Dire" See acast.com/privacy for privacy and opt-out information.

Two poems that use nature to explore human emotion.

A poet in Edwardian London. A woman struggling to let her voice be heard. In 1894, sisters Charlotte and Anne Mew take a solemn vow never to marry, and never to pass on the family curse: insanity. The spinster Mew sisters descend into genteel poverty, their mother on an invalid's sofa, Anne, the painter, in a menial job. But Charlotte, the poet, will find immortality, and unexpected love. Her path will require that she keep secrets and make sacrifices that may be too much even for Charlotte's determined spirit. In Bloomsbury's Late Rose, Pen Pearson, herself an accomplished poet, has imagined a vivid and affecting story of a woman's life in Edwardian London that will engage and move every reader. ABOUT PEN PEARSON Pen is the author of Poetry as Liturgy and Bloomsbury's Late Rose, a forthcoming novel from Chickadee Prince Books about the harrowing life of British poet Charlotte Mew. The photo of Pen was taken in the public garden just a stone's throw from the house where Charlotte lived in genteel poverty with her sister Anne, an artist. Their residence has since made way for Bloomsbury Theatre, but Charlotte's unmistakable presence still haunts the garden and neighboring streets. Follow Pen if you'd like to be notified when Bloomsbury's Late Rose is released on Amazon.

Rachel Zucker speaks with poet and professor Cate Marvin, author of Oracle, A Fragment of the Queen’s Head, and the World’s Tallest Disaster, co-editor of Legitimate Dangers and co-founder and former president of VIDA “a non-profit feminist organization committed to creating transparency around the lack of gender parity in the literary landscape.” Marvin talks about moving from Staten Island, NY to Scarborough, ME, teaching at different types of educational institutions, writing about childhood, therapy, Charlotte Mew, writing longer pieces, writing prose, being a single mom, her summer schedule, working at the public library, gardening, why her poems are getting messier, alcohol, her first kiss, smoking, being married, her decision to have a child on her own, narcissism, literary citizenship, her Tillie Olsen feminist awakening, starting VIDA, stepping away from VIDA, money, power, re-thinking social media, why she’s a poet, why writing poetry matters, knowing when it’s time to revise, and her flower tattoo.

A Poem a Day Keeps the Darkness at Bay - each day I read a poem, and give a brief amount of information on the poet. This is episode 05 on Charlotte Mew

For my 50th episode I wanted to talk about how I got started with this podcast, which took me back to a pretty painful decision point in my life. These are the poems (and quotes) that helped me stop being so busy, sit down and actually make something. Show notes Sonya Tsakalakis on Charlotte Mew … Continue reading "Ep 50. ‘All the practice you get makes you better.'"

Twenty-one years since the release of Trainspotting, the film based on Irvine Welsh's novel, the sequel is about to be released. T2 Trainspotting is set in the present day with the main characters now in middle age. Irvine Welsh and screenwriter John Hodge discuss the challenges of making a film to satisfy both fans and newcomers and why, despite the comedy, it's a much bleaker film than the original.How do you write a successful stage play? As the biggest national prize for playwriting, the Bruntwood Prize, opens for submissions, Sarah Frankcom, the artistic director of the Royal Exchange in Manchester, and writer Tanika Gupta discuss the craft of the playwright.As part of Radio 4's Reading Europe series, the Norwegian writer Agnes Ravatn discusses her prize-winning novel, The Bird Tribunal, a tense psychological thriller which begins its serialisation on Book at Bedtime tonight. Locals are mourning the destruction of 200 mature beech trees near Caerphilly which have been destroyed by a mystery feller and it won't be long before someone writes a poem about their loss. The writer and academic Jonathan Bate reflects on how Gerard Manley Hopkins, Charlotte Mew, John Clare and William Cowper all wrote poems lamenting the felling of loved trees. Presenter: Kirsty Lang Producer: Angie Nehring.

C Mew read by Classic Poetry Aloud: http://www.classicpoetryaloud.com/ Giving voice to the poetry of the past. --------------------------------------- The Call by Charlotte Mew (1869 – 1928) From our low seat beside the fire Where we have dozed and dreamed and watched the glow Or raked the ashes, stopping so We scarcely saw the sun or rain Above, or looked much higher Than this same quiet red or burned-out fire. To-night we heard a call, A rattle on the window-pane, A voice on the sharp air, And felt a breath stirring our hair, A flame within us: Something swift and tall Swept in and out and that was all. Was it a bright or a dark angel? Who can know? It left no mark upon the snow, But suddenly it snapped the chain Unbarred, flung wide the door Which will not shut again; And so we cannot sit here any more. We must arise and go: The world is cold without And dark and hedged about With mystery and enmity and doubt, But we must go Though yet we do not know Who called, or what marks we shall leave upon the snow. First aired: 3 May 2008 For hundreds more poetry readings, visit the Classic Poetry Aloud index. To learn a little more about the poems and poets on Classic Poetry Aloud, join the mailing list. Reading © Classic Poetry Aloud 2009

Charlotte Mew read by Classic Poetry Aloud: http://www.classicpoetryaloud.com/ Giving voice to the poetry of the past. --------------------------------------------- A Quoi Bon Dire by Charlotte Mew(1869 – 1928) Seventeen years ago you said Something that sounded like Good-bye; And everybody thinks that you are dead, But I. So I, as I grow stiff and cold To this and that say Good-bye too; And everybody sees that I am old But you. And one fine morning in a sunny lane Some boy and girl will meet and kiss and swear That nobody can love their way again While over there You will have smiled, I shall have tossed your hair. First aired: 28 May 2008 For hundreds more poetry readings, visit the Classic Poetry Aloud index. Reading © Classic Poetry Aloud 2009

C Mew read by Classic Poetry Aloud: http://www.classicpoetryaloud.com/ Giving voice to the poetry of the past. --------------------------------------- The Call by Charlotte Mew (1869 – 1928) From our low seat beside the fire Where we have dozed and dreamed and watched the glow Or raked the ashes, stopping so We scarcely saw the sun or rain Above, or looked much higher Than this same quiet red or burned-out fire. To-night we heard a call, A rattle on the window-pane, A voice on the sharp air, And felt a breath stirring our hair, A flame within us: Something swift and tall Swept in and out and that was all. Was it a bright or a dark angel? Who can know? It left no mark upon the snow, But suddenly it snapped the chain Unbarred, flung wide the door Which will not shut again; And so we cannot sit here any more. We must arise and go: The world is cold without And dark and hedged about With mystery and enmity and doubt, But we must go Though yet we do not know Who called, or what marks we shall leave upon the snow. First aired: 3 May 2008 For hundreds more poetry readings, visit the Classic Poetry Aloud index. To learn a little more about the poems and poets on Classic Poetry Aloud, join the mailing list. Reading © Classic Poetry Aloud 2009

Charlotte Mew read by Classic Poetry Aloud: http://www.classicpoetryaloud.com/ Giving voice to the poetry of the past. --------------------------------------------- A Quoi Bon Dire by Charlotte Mew(1869 – 1928) Seventeen years ago you said Something that sounded like Good-bye; And everybody thinks that you are dead, But I. So I, as I grow stiff and cold To this and that say Good-bye too; And everybody sees that I am old But you. And one fine morning in a sunny lane Some boy and girl will meet and kiss and swear That nobody can love their way again While over there You will have smiled, I shall have tossed your hair. For hundreds more poetry readings, visit the Classic Poetry Aloud index. To be notified of new postings, and to receive some extra, short text about each poetry reading, join the mailing list.

Mew read by Classic Poetry Aloud: http://www.classicpoetryaloud.com/ Giving voice to the poetry of the past. --------------------------------------------- The Call by Charlotte Mew (1869 – 1928) From our low seat beside the fire Where we have dozed and dreamed and watched the glow Or raked the ashes, stopping so We scarcely saw the sun or rain Above, or looked much higher Than this same quiet red or burned-out fire. To-night we heard a call, A rattle on the window-pane, A voice on the sharp air, And felt a breath stirring our hair, A flame within us: Something swift and tall Swept in and out and that was all. Was it a bright or a dark angel? Who can know? It left no mark upon the snow, But suddenly it snapped the chain Unbarred, flung wide the door Which will not shut again; And so we cannot sit here any more. We must arise and go: The world is cold without And dark and hedged about With mystery and enmity and doubt, But we must go Though yet we do not know Who called, or what marks we shall leave upon the snow.