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Last time we spoke about the reaction after the surprise attack on Pearl Harbor. After four years of fighting Japan almost alone, China's Chiang Kai-shek learned of Pearl Harbor with profound relief. Japan's attack, meant to neutralize American naval power, instead galvanized the entire Western world against Tokyo. Within hours, Chiang declared war on the Axis powers, transforming China from an isolated nation to a recognized Allied member. The strategic mathematics were clear to Chiang: America's industrial might would ultimately crush Japan. China simply needed to survive long enough. The United States quickly formalized this partnership, pledging military support through Lend-Lease and elevating Chiang to leadership of Allied forces in the China theater. Yet Pearl Harbor brought catastrophe for Western civilians in China. Americans and Britons, previously protected as neutral foreigners, were suddenly rounded up and interned in camps. For many, decades of presence in China ended in hasty evacuation, leaving behind lives built over generations.   #216 The Battle of Hong Kong Part 1: The Approaching Storm Welcome to the Fall and Rise of China Podcast, I am your dutiful host Craig Watson. But, before we start I want to also remind you this podcast is only made possible through the efforts of Kings and Generals over at Youtube. Perhaps you want to learn more about the history of Asia? Kings and Generals have an assortment of episodes on history of asia and much more  so go give them a look over on Youtube. So please subscribe to Kings and Generals over at Youtube and to continue helping us produce this content please check out www.patreon.com/kingsandgenerals. If you are still hungry for some more history related content, over on my channel, the Pacific War Channel where I cover the history of China and Japan from the 19th century until the end of the Pacific War. Japan emerged as a significant threat to British interests during the 1920s following the collapse of the Anglo-Japanese Alliance. This concern intensified dramatically after Japan's invasion of China, with the ensuing Sino-Japanese War escalating tensions further. British assets in the region came under direct assault, including attacks on Western military and commercial vessels such as HMS Ladybird. Yet despite these provocations, the British Government maintained an inconsistent stance toward Japan, responding with only feeble diplomatic and military countermeasures. This contradiction characterized London's approach: while diplomatic channels remained conciliatory, military planners viewed Japan with genuine apprehension. During the 1930s, Singapore and Malaya represented Britain's most valuable and prosperous holdings in the Far East and consequently received substantial garrison reinforcements. By contrast, Hong Kong was widely acknowledged to be indefensible—a conclusion reached repeatedly by successive military studies. Despite this consensus, the British Government proceeded with the Hong Kong Defence Scheme in 1936, which aimed to transform Hong Kong Island into a fortified redoubt while establishing delaying positions in Kowloon and the New Territories. The Hong Kong Garrison's mandate was straightforward: repel external attacks and prevent enemy use of the harbour and dry dock. The underlying strategy relied on a simple principle: hold Hong Kong Island as an impregnable fortress and await relief from the Royal Navy. Consequently, protecting the harbour became the paramount objective. Japanese strategists were correctly identified as Hong Kong's primary threat, with military planners anticipating attack from the sea rather than overland. To counter such an offensive, the defence scheme incorporated five successive layers of protection: naval mines fitted with indicator nets and anti-submarine booms formed the first barrier; coastal artillery provided the second; beach installations featuring pillboxes, wire entanglements and mines constituted the third; infantry strongpoints positioned on commanding heights guarded against amphibious landings; and finally, a mobile reserve force stood ready to counterattack and eliminate any successful enemy incursion. The 1936 plan also mandated extensive fortification of Kowloon's bottleneck approaches through bunkers, trenches and blocked passages, with a principal defensive line—resembling a miniature Maginot Line—constructed across the mountains immediately north of Kowloon. The garrison structure comprised three infantry battalions plus the Hong Kong Volunteer Defence Corps (HKVDC), a unit approximately regiment-strength equipped with armoured cars, engineers, artillery, anti-aircraft guns and infantry. These forces organized into three brigades: mainland, island, and garrison reserve. The air component was planned to be formidable: a reconnaissance squadron, a fighter-bomber squadron, two torpedo squadrons and a flight of auxiliary spotting aircraft operated by the HKVDC. Naval forces consisted of a modest destroyer contingent, an MTB flotilla, gunboats and patrol vessels. When Japan occupied Guangzhou, Hong Kong found itself effectively encircled. In response, limited conscription was implemented, though restricted to non-Chinese males for HKVDC service. Chinese personnel were largely confined to non-combat positions such as air-raid precautions and medical duties. The expanding Japanese threat prompted a substantial expansion of the Hong Kong Garrison to four regular infantry regiments—two British units (one specializing in medium machine-gun support) and two Indian regiments. Supporting forces included two coastal artillery regiments, a field artillery regiment-plus, and an anti-aircraft regiment. The Royal Navy expanded to include the 2nd MTB flotilla (eight 60-foot, 29-knot motor torpedo boats armed with twin torpedoes and eight Lewis guns each, plus two smaller 55-foot vessels), four shallow-draught river gunboats (HMS Cicala, Tern, Moth and Robin), four aging World War I S-class destroyers (HMS Thracian, Thanet, Scout and Tenedos—the last transferred to Singapore in 1939), HMS Cornflower sloop, and various auxiliary vessels including tugs, boom defence ships and minelayers. The Fleet Air Arm deployed three Supermarine Walruses—single-engine reconnaissance amphibians—at Kai Tak Airport. The Royal Air Force remained the weakest service, equipped with only four Vickers Wildebeest torpedo-bombers and a handful of HKVDC aircraft: one Avro Tutor, two Hornet Moths and two Cadet biplanes. When World War II erupted in Europe, Britain's focus necessarily shifted to national survival, inevitably leaving distant imperial outposts like Hong Kong neglected. Rather than receive reinforcements, Hong Kong actually lost capable personnel; many veteran troops were repatriated to Europe, leaving behind a less proficient garrison. Peacetime duties had proven a poor preparation for combat—officers and men had passed their time socializing rather than maintaining combat readiness. Governor Sir Geoffrey Northcote persistently urged London to adopt a firmer stance against relentless Japanese provocations: aircraft incursions, sinking of junks and fishing vessels, and infiltration by Taiwanese fifth columnists (Japan had colonized Taiwan in 1895). Recognizing the hopelessness of his position, Northcote recommended withdrawal in October 1940, arguing that defending the colony would inevitably result in mass civilian casualties and widespread destruction—a pragmatic assessment given Hong Kong's indefensible state. London categorically rejected this proposal, reasoning that withdrawal would demoralize China, embolden Japan and undermine American confidence in British resolve. Underlying this decision was an additional consideration: the long-standing dispute over Hong Kong's sovereignty. Since Britain acquired Hong Kong in 1841, the prospect of surrendering it, even temporarily, raised fears about reclaiming it afterward. Preserving the appearance of British determination was deemed crucial to demonstrating to Chiang Kai-shek, Nationalist China's leader, that Britain intended to retain the territory. Despite these political calculations, London consistently refused fresh troop deployments. Major-General A. E. Grasett, the China theatre commander, requested reinforcements only to face rejection—London offered only Indian or other colonial forces. Air Chief Marshal Sir Robert Brooke-Popham, appointed British commander in the Far East in 1941, likewise pressed for garrison strengthening, to no avail. The situation shifted dramatically after Grasett, a retired Canadian who had recently left his China post, travelled to Britain via Canada. Upon arriving in Canada, he independently approached his former classmate Major-General Crerar, Chief of the Canadian General Staff, and advocated for reinforcement. Grasett argued persuasively that deploying two or more additional battalions would enable the Hong Kong garrison to withstand an extended siege. When Grasett reached London in early September 1941, he presented this case directly to the British Chiefs of Staff, simultaneously proposing that Canada could provide the extra units. His arguments proved persuasive; the Chiefs of Staff altered course and convinced a reluctant Churchill to reconsider. In light of accelerating Japanese pressure, Britain substantially enlarged the Malaysia/Singapore garrison from nine to 32 battalions and despatched two capital ships—HMS Prince of Wales and Repulse—to the region, reasoning that this show of force would deter Japanese aggression against British Far Eastern interests, including Hong Kong. The original defence strategy envisaged holding Hong Kong Island exclusively while denying the harbour to attackers. A single battalion (the Punjabis) would execute delaying actions across the New Territories, followed by a three-battalion defensive stand on the Gin Drinkers Line. This brief mainland resistance would allow time for demolishing stores, power installations, docks and wharves, clearing food stocks and removing vital matériel before withdrawing to Hong Kong Island for a protracted resistance awaiting relief from Singapore or American forces from the Philippines. The Gin Drinkers Line—styled after the French Maginot Line in miniature—ran approximately 18 kilometres south of the Sino-Hong Kong border. Beginning near Gin Drinkers Bay west of Kowloon, it extended 17 kilometres across the Kowloon Peninsula hills toward its eastern extremity. The strategic expectation was that this line would delay the Japanese assault for three weeks or longer, permitting battalion withdrawal to Hong Kong Island for sustained resistance while mainland forces completed evacuation procedures. The 1937 war plan stipulated that four battalions would be necessary for an effective delaying action and seven for an adequate Gin Drinkers Line defence—figures which excluded the aircraft and naval support essential to success. With only a single army brigade available and virtually no air capability, planners abandoned the mainland defence concept, leaving defensive works incomplete and deteriorating under tropical conditions. Chinese personnel were conspicuously absent from initial war preparations and strategic planning, only being incorporated late in the process. The largest Chinese component was the volunteer contingent serving with the HKVDC. On the regular army side, approximately 150 Chinese recruits were enlisted in mid-1941 for the 5th Anti-Aircraft Regiment. The Hong Kong Chinese Regiment, hastily constituted on 3 November 1941, comprised officers borrowed from British and Indian units alongside 52 Chinese junior NCOs and other ranks with minimal training. A Royal Engineers troop staffed entirely by Chinese soldiers saw service, and some Chinese personnel served with the Royal Navy and Dockyard Defence Corps. Chinese participation increased substantially in auxiliary services—air-raid precautions, auxiliary police, nursing, St John Ambulance and fire brigades. This reluctance to fully integrate Chinese forces likely reflected prevailing attitudes of the era. Pre-war British propaganda had frequently mocked Japanese military capability, portraying officers and soldiers as myopic and incompetent. Japanese combat prowess was systematically underestimated; their victories in China were attributed to facing inferior opposition rather than evidence of genuine military strength. Japanese weaponry was dismissed as inferior to European standards. Consequently, British confidence remained high that the colony could hold indefinitely if adequately reinforced. In September 1941, Hong Kong received heartening news: two additional Canadian battalions would be deployed to the garrison. Brigadier John Maltby promptly revived the pre-war plan for defending the Gin Drinkers Line, developing a strategy centred on three mainland battalions (2nd Royal Scots, 5/7 Rajputs and 2/14 Punjab) supported by HKVDC elements and four artillery troop detachments, while three island battalions (1st Middlesex, Royal Rifles of Canada and Winnipeg Grenadiers) bolstered by the bulk of the HKVDC would hold Hong Kong Island. Command responsibility was divided between two brigades: the Island Brigade (Hong Kong Infantry Brigade) under Brigadier Lawson, a recently arrived Canadian, and the mainland Kowloon Infantry Brigade under Brigadier Wallis. The Canadian regiments arrived on 16 November 1941. Maltby was commissioned into the Indian Army in 1911, and  saw extensive service across multiple campaigns: World War I, the Persian Gulf (1913–14), and the North-West Frontier (1923–24). His early promise earned him selection for accelerated advancement through prestigious staff colleges at Quetta and RAF Andover. By 1937, he was again serving on the North-West Frontier, and by 1939 commanded both the 3rd Jhelum Brigade (later the Calcutta Brigade) and the 19th Infantry Brigade in Deccan. In 1940, posted to China, Maltby orchestrated the closure of the North China Command by withdrawing two infantry battalions from Shanghai. Promoted to major-general as GOC China in August 1941, he had only three months to prepare the colony's defenses, a race against time he could not win.  The Gin Drinkers Line occupied a naturally dominant position atop mountains spanning northern Kowloon's breadth, yet possessed inherent weaknesses that would prove fatal. The line lacked defensive depth and remained vulnerable to flanking manoeuvres, with two sectors representing particular danger: Customs Pass and the gap between Golden Hill and Laichikok Peninsula near Gin Drinkers Bay. Given the extended front, each battalion arranged its forces in a string of platoon positions with gaps covered by daytime fire and nighttime patrols. One company per battalion could be held in reserve within prepared positions guarding the most dangerous sectors. The reserve company of the centre battalion (2/14 Punjab) initially advanced as forward troops, screening demolition operations and delaying the enemy's initial thrust. The hasty decision to establish mainland defences meant that essential support systems—communication networks, artillery registrations, mortar calibrations—remained incomplete when combat commenced. Ammunition shortages compounded the problem. For instance, the 2/14 Punjab conducted only a single 3-inch mortar practice session before the attack; adequate ammunition arrived only in November and totalled a mere 70 rounds per battalion for both training and combat. These mortars were registered for the first time in their battle positions, with combat beginning just 12 hours later. The 2-inch mortar situation was even more desperate: troops received live ammunition only as fighting started, making their baptism of fire an actual combat situation. Transportation deficiencies—trucks and animals in short supply—forced manual ammunition transport across Hong Kong's challenging terrain, imposing severe physical demands on already stretched personnel.   On 6 November 1941, Imperial Japanese Headquarters ordered its Commander-in-Chief in China to prepare plans for capturing Hong Kong. The 23rd Army, part of the China Southern Expeditionary Army Group and commanded by Lt. Gen. Sakai Takashi with Maj. Gen. Kuribayashi Tadamichi serving as Chief of Staff, would form the invasion's backbone. All preparations were to be completed by the end of November 1941. The operation, designated 'Operation C', sought to 'seize Hong Kong within ten days'. Takahashi was the son of a factory worker, and rose through the ranks to become a veteran of China campaigns. He was tasked with capturing Hong Kong using the 38th Division normally assigned to the Southern Expeditionary Army Group. Despite setbacks and humiliation over requests for additional resources—particularly following intelligence reports of tanks (actually Bren carriers) in Hong Kong—Sakai remained determined to succeed. He served as Governor of Hong Kong from 26 December 1941 to 20 February 1942. Kuribayashi, best remembered as the Japanese commander at Iwo Jima, graduated from the Army Academy in 1914 specializing in cavalry. He served as deputy military attaché to Washington and Canada and studied at Harvard University. In December 1941, he held the position of Chief of Staff to the 23rd Army during the Hong Kong operation. Operation C followed a straightforward strategic framework. A blocking force would prevent Chinese interference from the rear, while the main invasion force would spearhead the assault. The 23rd Army, comprising four divisions plus a mixed brigade and two infantry regiments, received the assignment to attack Hong Kong. Of these four divisions, only the 38th played a substantive role in the invasion itself. The attack employed a combined-arms approach. Naval forces would establish a blockade and deliver bombardment while aircraft targeted key installations. Ground forces from the 38th Division—specifically the 228th, 229th, and 230th Regiments—would execute the land invasion using a three-pronged strategy. The right column would sweep westward in a wide arc, clearing Castle Peak Road and targeting the western flank of the Gin Drinkers Line near Laichikok Peninsula. The centre force would press directly through the line's middle, while the left column would cross Tidal Cove (Tolo Harbour) toward Kai Tak Airport and eastward toward Devil Peak, a crucial defensive position. The objective was to annihilate British forces on the mainland and compel Hong Kong's surrender through sustained bombardment. Should British forces resist, the island phase of the campaign would commence. Securing the rear against the Chinese National Army of the 7th Military District and Communist guerrillas fell to the 66th Regiment, normally part of the 51st Division but attached to the 38th for this operation. The 66th would simultaneously occupy and secure rear areas throughout the New Territories and Kowloon while the three assault regiments engaged the main defensive forces. This rearguard operation was organised into columns named after their commanding officers: Kitazawa, Kobayashi, Sato, and Araki. The Japanese selected the narrowest approach between Kowloon and Hong Kong Island, targeting the eastern coast near Lyemun Passage where only 410 metres of water separated the mainland from the island. Upon landing, forces would rapidly advance inland to seize the critical junction of Wongneichong Gap, then pivot westward and southward to capture Victoria City and the remainder of Hong Kong. The naval contingent divided into two groups: the Bombardment Group and the Attack Group. Approximately 300 personnel from the Special Naval Landing Force (SNLF) were attached to the invasion force. Air support came from the First Air Brigade under Col. Habu Hideharu, which contributed 56 light bombers and fighters. Their mission was to neutralise the Royal Air Force and Royal Navy, thereby securing aerial and maritime superiority for the ground campaign.   On the eve of war, the British garrison numbered 13,981 all ranks, including nursing staff and St John Ambulance personnel. Of these, 8,919 were British and Canadian, with 4,402 Indian and Chinese. The core infantry force comprised 5,422 regular soldiers, complemented by approximately 6,000 additional personnel across artillery, engineering, naval, and Hong Kong Volunteer Defence Corps (HKVDC) units. By 1941, the Royal Navy had become a shadow of its former self as the once-dominant China Squadron. Of the three World War I destroyers present on 8 December, two had been sent to Singapore—the third undergoing repairs—by 1930. This redeployment stemmed partly from the futility of defending the colony and partly from a commitment by senior US Navy officers: Britain would reinforce Singapore with Hong Kong's fleet in exchange for four American destroyers at Singapore. This American guarantee, however, never materialized. The defensive infrastructure focused primarily on countering a seaborne attack: twenty-nine coastal guns (9.2in., 6in., 4.7in., and 4in. calibres), ten 18- and 2-pounder beach defense guns, and twenty-eight field guns (60-pounder, 6in., 4.5in., and 3.7in. calibres). The Hong Kong Garrison's infantry comprised four regular army battalions—two British and two Indian—bolstered by five HKVDC infantry companies, each averaging 100 men. The 1st Middlesex Regiment, deployed in August 1937, served as a machine-gun battalion equipped with forty-eight Vickers medium machine guns. Having been abroad since 1931, the regiment had deteriorated through protracted garrison service, Hong Kong being among the softest postings available. From September 1939 onward, all regiments—including the 5/7 Rajputs (arrived June 1937) and the 2/14 Punjab—experienced systematic loss of experienced officers and NCOs to other theaters. The Royal Scots proved particularly hard hit, suffering disciplinary problems and an unusually high court-martial rate. Units like the Hong Kong and Singapore Royal Artillery suffered critical leadership gaps that went unaddressed. By December 1941, many formations fielded inexperienced replacement troops, significantly undermining combat readiness. The Punjabis exemplified these deficiencies. Stationed in Hong Kong since November 1940, they received their vehicles and mortars only in August 1941—three months before combat. Compounding this, forty percent of their strength consisted of raw recruits arrived just in October. When war erupted, artillery regiments found themselves relying on junior officers in senior roles, with British commanders unfamiliar with Urdu directing Indian troops, a handicap that severely compromised effectiveness. Deficient equipment compounded leadership shortages. Shells dating from 1918 detonated prematurely upon discharge, while ammunition shortages crippled operations. On 8 December, all field guns deployed with merely 100 rounds apiece, with 200 rounds held in reserve for the entire campaign, and coastal guns received only 25 rounds each. Insufficient cross-training meant many infantrymen failed to understand the artillery "clock face" targeting system, causing them to miss their objectives. Malaria devastated European troops, particularly the Royal Scots. Of approximately 770 personnel, at least 180 suffered recurring malarial episodes from the Shing Mun Redoubt area's notoriously endemic conditions. Staff shortages forced nearly every unit to promote junior officers to positions beyond their rank, exacerbating structural weaknesses. Although the Canadians' arrival bolstered the garrison, significant handicaps undermined their effectiveness. Both battalions carried a C-class designation—deemed unfit for foreign service—having spent years in soft garrison postings without rigorous training. The deficit was stark: each Canadian soldier received only thirty-five rifle practice rounds. The two battalions incorporated 115 men with fewer than sixteen weeks' training, while sixty-two of seventy-five recruits joining the Winnipeg Grenadiers in June came directly from a training depot lacking even basic rifles. Twelve percent of the Canadian force remained untrained. Equipment deficiencies proved even more damaging. A standard 1941 Canadian infantry battalion required 102 motor vehicles—including twenty-two Universal Carriers, thirty-seven ¾-ton trucks, thirteen 1-ton trucks, thirty-one bicycles, and twenty-two Boys anti-tank rifles. When the Canadians landed, logistical failures left them with only six Bren carriers, two water tankers, twelve ¾-ton trucks, and a single Boys anti-tank rifle. Although they carried 3in. mortars, neither ammunition nor radios accompanied them. Canada possessed only 300 3-inch mortar bombs in its entire inventory at that time, making any allocation to Hong Kong impossible. A second vessel, the SS Don Jose, was dispatched with replacement vehicles and equipment but never reached Hong Kong before 8 December. The Japanese seized it en route to Manila. Despite these shortcomings, the force departed on 27 October with 1,975 men and arrived on 16 November. Intelligence estimates regarding Japanese available forces varied widely, ranging from two to four divisions. On 6 December evening, Chinese reports confirmed the previous day's arrival of three Japanese divisions at Buji township, located eight miles from the border in what is now Shenzhen. Earlier, around 1 November, a Japanese deserter provided intelligence of significant troop concentrations north of the frontier, including large-calibre artillery indicative of at least divisional strength.   The Hong Kong invasion force comprised three service branches: the Imperial Japanese Army (IJA) deployed the 38th Infantry Division, the Imperial Japanese Navy (IJN) committed the Second China Fleet, and the Imperial Japanese Air Force (IJAF) contributed the 1st Air Group. Command of the ground assault rested with Lieutenant-General Sano Tadayoshi of the 38th Division, supported by Major-General Ito Takeo heading the infantry group, while supporting arms including artillery, engineers, armor, and transport fell under Sano's authority. The main assault force consisted of three infantry regiments from the 38th Division, each led by a colonel: the 228th under Doi Teihichi, the 229th under Tanaka Ryosaburo, and the 230th under Shoji Toshishige. The 38th Division itself was a standard 1940s B-class infantry division of approximately 20,000 troops (ranging from 18,000–21,000 depending on operational requirements), organized into three regiments with three battalions each. Reflecting the Japanese army's reliance on animal and human transport, each regiment fielded roughly 3,800 troops supported by some 700 horses. Battalion strength averaged around 1,071 personnel, with companies numbering approximately 180 men. Japanese infantry battalions of this period featured a distinctive organization: rifle platoons consisted of four sections (three equipped with rifles and light machine guns, one with light mortars and rifles), complemented by an additional heavy machine-gun company fielding twelve Type 92 weapons and a troop of light artillery—likely Type 92 70mm infantry guns. The divisional field artillery regiment operated 75mm Type 41 mountain guns organized into three 688-man battalions, each with two troops of two guns. Mountain artillery units, numbering 36 guns total, carried additional personnel (3,400) and animals (1,400) to navigate the terrain complexities of Hong Kong operations. Recognizing the need for overwhelming firepower to compel Hong Kong's surrender, the IJA augmented the invasion force with heavy artillery—15cm and 24cm howitzers commanded by Major-General Kitashima Kineo. News of the Canadian reinforcements arriving in Hong Kong forced a reassessment. Commander-in-Chief Sakai Takashi of the 23rd Army informed his superiors that the original ten-day timeline was unrealistic and requested additional troops. Although most formations were already committed to other operations, Imperial Headquarters eventually authorized two depot regiments from Japan to support the campaign. Intended for second-line duties rather than frontline combat, these units were to be returned promptly after freeing experienced personnel for Hong Kong operations. This arrangement allowed the 19th and 20th mixed brigades—approximately 6,000 men organized in five infantry battalions, a field artillery battalion, and an engineer battalion—to be released for Hong Kong. However, Sakai's request for reinforcements met with disapproval from Imperial Headquarters, and he received an unmistakable message: a swift, decisive campaign was essential. His situation worsened when Japanese agents mistakenly identified British Bren carriers as tanks, forcing Sakai to improvise armor by raiding the 1st Reserve Tank Battalion and tankette units from infantry depot divisions. In attempting to secure additional armor from the 11th Army's 9th Reconnaissance Regiment, Sakai encountered resistance. General Hata Shunroku lodged sustained complaints with senior officials, and Sakai received a sharp rebuke—further requests would not be entertained, and his replacement would follow if necessary. Stung by this loss of face, Sakai abandoned all additional requests and became even more determined to achieve success. Vice-Admiral Niimi Masaichi, commanding the 2nd China Expeditionary Fleet, oversaw the entire naval element, divided into bombardment and attack groups. His flagship, the light cruiser Isuzu, carried Captain Ura Koichi, who simultaneously commanded the bombardment group. This naval force assembled ships from various China Expeditionary Fleet units, particularly from the Canton Special Base Force, 15 Squadron, and 11 Torpedo Boat Division at Guangzhou. Reflecting Niimi's lack of confidence in the army's air support capabilities, the seaplane tender IJN Kamikawa Maru joined the operation on his insistence, providing organic naval aviation against the threat posed by British Wildebeests. Niimi also petitioned for destroyers IJN Wakaba and Yugure to counter the three British destroyers, though this request was denied. The Special Naval Landing Forces (SNLF) were assigned to conduct diversionary attacks south of Hong Kong Island, intended to distract British forces from the main land invasion thrust. The IJAF's 1st Air Brigade, commanded by Colonel Habu Hideharu, centered on the 45th Air Regiment with 34 Kawasaki Ki-32 Type 98 'Mary' light bombers. This composite force drew aircraft and units from airfields across China and Manchuria—Beijing, Shanghai, Taiwan, and Qiqihar—all assembled at Baiyun Aerodrome in Guangzhou on 7 December 1941. Supporting the 1st Air Brigade were the 10th Independent Squadron under Captain Takatsuki Akira with 13 Nakajima Ki-27 Type 97 'Nate' fighters, 3 Mitsubishi Ki-15 Type 97 'Babs' command reconnaissance aircraft from the 18th Independent Reconnaissance Squadron, and the 44th Independent Squadron fielding 6 Tachikawa Ki-36 Type 98 'Ida' observation aircraft. Years before the invasion, the Japanese cultivated an extensive network of agents and sleeper operatives in Hong Kong, methodically gathering intelligence and mapping military installations. This sophisticated network proved remarkably effective: invasion maps carried by IJA officers were actually Hong Kong Government and British military maps, overprinted with Japanese annotations and interpretations. British officers later discovered in captivity that the Peninsula Hotel's regular barber was a Japanese Navy lieutenant-commander who had exploited the intimate setting to extract valuable information about British force dispositions. Intelligence operatives infiltrated every level of Hong Kong society—the garrison tailor and barber both served as spies. This groundwork enabled exceptional accuracy in artillery fire and bombing campaigns. The Japanese further leveraged criminal networks, recruiting gangsters throughout Hong Kong and Guangdong province with money and arms, turning them into irregular auxiliaries supporting the invasion.   On Sunday, 7 December, seven hundred members of the 2nd Royal Scots and Middlesex Regiment marched to St John's Cathedral for the morning service. As Major-General Maltby read a passage from Matthew, his aide-de-camp, Lieutenant I. MacGregor, delivered an urgent message that would change everything. Preparations for conflict had already begun. On 5 December, the HKVDC had mobilized fully, yet Hong Kong's broader population remained unmoved—the Happy Valley racetrack reported record attendance that very day. The contrast was stark: while one institution prepared for war, another celebrated as though nothing threatened. Japanese forces had been positioned advantageously since autumn 1941. The 23rd Army was already stationed west of Guangzhou, with contingents scattered across Foshan Town, Zhuhai, and other locations on the Pearl River delta. Upon orders for war on 1 December, they faced minimal distances to cover. The army regrouped at Humen, Shilong Town, and Guangzhou itself—staging areas for the invasion. The first visible signs arrived on 4–5 December when Japanese forces landed at Mirs Bay; the 228th Regiment moved into its staging area at Buji Town, now part of Shenzhen City. Maltby received these reports and immediately departed the cathedral service to issue urgent stand-to orders. Yet skepticism persisted within military circles. Some dismissed the threat, dismissing such intelligence as "astonishingly erroneous." Meanwhile, the Imperial Japanese Navy massed in the waters beyond Hong Kong's horizon. The Kowloon Infantry Brigade held a stretched defensive line: the 5/7 Rajputs anchored the centre, the 2/14 Punjab the east, and the 2nd Royal Scots the west. Forward positions extended far—C Company, 2/14 Punjab, under Major S. Burns ranged along Castle Peak Road toward Yuen Long. The brigade screen, C Company of the 2/14 Punjab, held Shueng Shui and Taipo Market with four Bren carriers and two armoured cars from the HKVDC, backed by engineers and the 22nd Fortress Company. The Hong Kong Infantry Brigade held Hong Kong Island itself. The Winnipeg Grenadiers occupied Victoria City on the north-west coast, while the Royal Rifles of Canada stretched along the north-east shores from Saukiwan to Lyemun. Brigadier Lawson commanded from his headquarters at Wongneichong Gap in the island's centre. At 0355 hours on 8 December, the code word "Blossom Blossom" was transmitted. Eleven minutes later, Lieutenant-General Sakai ordered the invasion to commence. Fifty minutes after that, at 0445 hours, Major Charles Boxer—a fluent Japanese speaker formerly of the Lincolnshire Regiment—was roused by Radio Tokyo announcing that war was imminent. Governor Young and Major-General Maltby were informed at once. By 0500 hours, the forward demolition points had been blown by Major Gray, OC of C Company 2/14 Punjab, and the HKVDC engineers under Major J. H. Bottomley. At 0645 hours, the garrison received formal notification: Britain and Japan were at war. Seventy-five minutes later, air-raid sirens wailed. Within moments, smoke billowed from Kai Tak Airport as Japanese aircraft destroyed virtually the entire air garrison. The Wildebeests, Walruses, HKVDC biplanes, and several civilian planes were engulfed in flames. Only two Ju-52s of the Eurasia Corporation and one CNAC T-32 Condor escaped destruction—dispersal bays had never been built due to lack of funds. The Japanese then turned to secondary targets, bombing Shamshuipo Camp and the neighbouring police station. The Canadians suffered few large-scale casualties in the initial strikes, though Sergeant Routledge and Signalman Fairley of the signal platoon were wounded—the first Canadian soldiers injured in World War II. Remarkably, Hong Kong Island's theatres, cinemas, and restaurants continued operating as though the island faced no peril. Japanese demolition efforts proved only minor obstacles. Bridges blown were quickly replaced. The invasion proceeded on three fronts: the 230th Regiment advanced westward along the northern route toward Yuen Long and Castle Peak, targeting the northern slope of Tai Mo Mountain. The 228th Regiment drove down the centre, following the Sheung Shui–Taipo–Kowloon road toward Grassy Hill north of the Shing Mun Redoubt. The 229th Regiment, crossing at Sha Tau Kok and by boat at Starling Inlet, proceeded via Taipo toward Tai Shui Hang and Ma On Mountain. Whenever confronted with strongly defended positions, the Japanese bypassed them entirely rather than engage. The first day brought scattered but spirited resistance. Around 1300 hours, the Punjabis inflicted the first serious check, drawing blood from advancing Japanese forces. At 1830 hours, they ambushed and decimated several Japanese platoons south of Taipo market town. The HKVDC's armoured cars and Bren carriers struck similar successes nearby. The 2 Royal Scots' reconnaissance platoon clashed with elements of the 229th Regiment around Yuen Long. Despite these minor victories, Japanese momentum continued. Armed with stolen British maps and guided by fifth columnists, they pushed forward relentlessly. By late afternoon on the 8th, the Punjabis withdrew toward Grassy Hill to avoid being outflanked. The artillerymen of the 12th Battery engaged an IJN destroyer and Japanese forces around Taipo, inflicting heavy casualties. Farther south near Shatin, on the Taipo–Kowloon highway, rapidly advancing Japanese troops surprised the defenders and severed the fuse at an HKVDC demolition point. Their triumph proved momentary; the engineers completed the backup circuit and detonated the bridge, destroying it along with the Japanese soldiers crossing it. By early morning on 9 December, orders came to withdraw all mainland units to the Gin Drinkers Line. The Punjabis, already at Shatin Wai overlooking Tide Cove, held their position under pressure and continuous shelling for the next two days. The HKVDC withdrew to Fotan, a village south of Shatin. Maltby ordered D Company, 5/7 Rajputs, under Captain H. R. Newtons to Smuggler's Ridge to close the gap between the 2 Royal Scots and 2/14 Punjab. HKVDC armoured cars and Bren carriers continued patrols along Castle Peak Road while HMS Cicala, having survived two air attacks, maintained station in Castle Peak Bay. Despite an IJN blockade, the destroyers HMS Thanet and Scout slipped anchor and escaped to Singapore around 2130 hours. The surviving CNAC and Eurasia aircraft took off with high-value evacuees: Dr. Sun Yat-Sen's widow and her two equally renowned sisters—the Soong sisters—along with Chinese Finance Minister H. H. Kung. Also departing was Lieutenant-Colonel H. Owen-Hughes of the HKVDC, who carried orders to coordinate with the Chinese Nationalist Army for a rear-guard attack on Japanese forces to relieve the pressure on Hong Kong. I would like to take this time to remind you all that this podcast is only made possible through the efforts of Kings and Generals over at Youtube. Please go subscribe to Kings and Generals over at Youtube and to continue helping us produce this content please check out www.patreon.com/kingsandgenerals. If you are still hungry after that, give my personal channel a look over at The Pacific War Channel at Youtube, it would mean a lot to me. On 8 December 1941, Japan attacked Hong Kong with the 38th Division, supported by naval and air forces. Despite British defenses manned by undertrained, under-equipped troops, Japanese forces advanced rapidly across three fronts. Within hours, the RAF was destroyed, demolitions proved futile, and British units withdrew toward the Gin Drinkers Line facing overwhelming odds.

If you enjoy this episode, we're sure you will enjoy more content like this on The Occult Rejects.  In fact, we have curated playlists on occult topics like grimoires, esoteric concepts and phenomena, occult history, analyzing true crime and cults with an occult lens, Para politics, and occultism in music. Whether you enjoy consuming your content visually or via audio, we've got you covered - and it will always be provided free of charge.  So, if you enjoy what we do and want to support our work of providing accessible, free content on various platforms, please consider making a donation to the links provided below.  Thank you and enjoy the episode!Links For The Occult Rejectshttps://linktr.ee/theoccultrejectsOccult Research Institutehttps://www.occultresearchinstitute.org/Substackhttps://substack.com/@theoccultrejects?r=7auau0&utm_campaign=profile&utm_medium=profile-pageCash Apphttps://cash.app/$theoccultrejectsVenmo@TheOccultRejectsBuy Me A Coffeebuymeacoffee.com/TheOccultRejectsPatreonhttps://www.patreon.com/TheOccultRejectsDarkness, Sensory Deprivation, Caves, and Visionary ConditionsUstinova, Yulia. Caves and the Ancient Greek Mind: Descending Underground in the Search for Ultimate Truth. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2009.Use for: caves, descent, darkness, ancient Greek revelation, incubation, inspired prophecy, and altered states in underground sacred settings.Lewis-Williams, David. The Mind in the Cave: Consciousness and the Origins of Art. London: Thames & Hudson, 2002.Use for: caves, prehistoric imagery, altered consciousness, visual phenomena, and symbolic environments. Use carefully because some interpretations of prehistoric religion remain debated.Eliade, Mircea. The Sacred and the Profane: The Nature of Religion. New York: Harcourt, 1959.Use for: sacred space, threshold, the difference between sacred and profane space, and the way religious environments reorganize orientation and meaning.Zuckerman, Marvin, and Nathan Cohen. “Sources of Reports of Visual and Auditory Sensations in Perceptual-Isolation Experiments.” Psychological Bulletin 61, no. 1, 1964: 1–20.Use for: sensory deprivation, perceptual isolation, visual/auditory sensations, and internally generated experiences under reduced stimulation.Wackermann, Jiří, Peter Pütz, and Carsten Allefeld. “Ganzfeld-Induced Hallucinatory Experience, Its Phenomenology and Cerebral Electrophysiology.” Cortex 44, no. 10, 2008: 1364–1378.Use for: Ganzfeld states, reduced/uniform sensory fields, pseudo-hallucinatory imagery, altered perception, and EEG findings.Metzger, Wolfgang. “Optische Untersuchungen am Ganzfeld.” Psychologische Forschung 13, 1930: 6–29.Use for: early Ganzfeld research and the effect of homogeneous visual fields on perception.Shenyan, O., et al. “Visual Hallucinations Induced by Ganzflicker and Ganzfeld Differ in Frequency, Complexity, and Content.” Scientific Reports 14, 2024.Use for: modern comparison between Ganzfeld and flicker-induced visual phenomena. Useful if connecting this episode back to the earlier flicker-light show.Candlelight, Firelight, Sacred Atmosphere, and the Agency of LightBille, Mikkel, and Tim Flohr Sørensen. “An Anthropology of Luminosity: The Agency of Light.” Journal of Material Culture 12, no. 3, 2007: 263–284.Use for: light as a social, material, emotional, and cultural agent; how light shapes atmosphere, social meaning, and movement.Bille, Mikkel, and Tim Flohr Sørensen, eds. Elements of Architecture: Assembling Archaeology, Atmosphere and the Performance of Building Spaces. London: Routledge, 2016.Use for: architecture, atmosphere, materiality, embodied space, and how built environments shape experience.Pallasmaa, Juhani. The Eyes of the Skin: Architecture and the Senses. Chichester: Wiley, 1996; later editions.Use for: architecture as multisensory experience, not just visual design; helpful for sacred architecture, embodied space, and sensory atmosphere.Barrie, Thomas. “Sacred Space and the Mediating Roles of Architecture.” European Review 20, no. 4, 2012: 505–514.Use for: sacred architecture as a mediating threshold between ordinary and sacred worlds.Kieckhefer, Richard. Theology in Stone: Church Architecture from Byzantium to Berkeley. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2004.Use for: Christian sacred architecture, spatial theology, light, ritual orientation, and the way buildings teach belief through space.Do, Michael T. H. “Melanopsin and the Intrinsically Photosensitive Retinal Ganglion Cells: Biophysics to Behavior.” Neuron 104, no. 2, 2019: 205–226.Use for: melanopsin, intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells, non-image-forming vision, and the biological effects of light beyond ordinary sight.Hattar, Samer, H. W. Liao, Motoharu Takao, David M. Berson, and King-Wai Yau. “Melanopsin-Containing Retinal Ganglion Cells: Architecture, Projections, and Intrinsic Photosensitivity.” Science 295, no. 5557, 2002: 1065–1070.Use for: retinal ganglion cells that detect light for non-image-forming functions, including circadian-related pathways.Blume, Christine, Corrado Garbazza, and Manuel Spitschan. “Effects of Light on Human Circadian Rhythms, Sleep and Mood.” Somnologie 23, 2019: 147–156.Use for: light, circadian rhythms, sleep, mood, and why sunlight, darkness, dawn, and dusk matter biologically.Cajochen, Christian. “Alerting Effects of Light.” Sleep Medicine Reviews 11, no. 6, 2007: 453–464.Use for: light's alerting effects beyond image-forming vision.Stained Glass, Religious Light, and Visual TheologyBinski, Paul. Gothic Wonder: Art, Artifice, and the Decorated Style, 1290–1350. New Haven: Yale University Press, 2014.Use for: Gothic visual culture, sacred display, ornament, and the emotional force of medieval religious space.Camille, Michael. Gothic Art: Glorious Visions. New York: Harry N. Abrams, 1996.Use for: Gothic imagery, religious seeing, visual devotion, and sacred art as visionary environment.Kessler, Herbert L. Seeing Medieval Art. Peterborough, Ontario: Broadview Press, 2004.Use for: medieval Christian theories of seeing, devotional image use, sacred art, and vision as religious practice.Hamburger, Jeffrey F. The Visual and the Visionary: Art and Female Spirituality in Late Medieval Germany. New York: Zone Books, 1998.Use for: visionary art, devotional seeing, mystical imagery, and the relationship between images and religious experience.Freedberg, David. The Power of Images: Studies in the History and Theory of Response. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1989.Use for: why images provoke emotion, devotion, fear, desire, reverence, and acts of ritual engagement.Scrying, Black Mirrors, Crystal Gazing, and Reflective VisionCaputo, Giovanni B. “Strange-Face-in-the-Mirror Illusion.” Perception 39, no. 7, 2010: 1007–1008.Use for: mirror-gazing under low light, face distortion, visual instability, and apparitional perception.Caputo, Giovanni B. “Apparitional Experiences of New Faces and Dissociation of Self-Identity During Mirror Gazing.” Perceptual and Motor Skills 110, no. 3, 2010: 1125–1138.Use for: mirror-gazing, dissociation, altered self-recognition, and strange-face experiences.Caputo, Giovanni B. “Strange-Face Illusions During Inter-Subjective Gazing.” Consciousness and Cognition 22, no. 1, 2013: 324–329.Use for: prolonged eye-to-eye gazing, face alteration, dissociative effects, and interpersonal gaze phenomena.Caputo, Giovanni B. “Visual Perception During Mirror-Gazing at One's Own Face in Patients with Depression.” The Scientific World Journal, 2014.Use for: mirror-gazing research and altered self-perception. Useful for grounding black mirror and psychomanteum discussion, but do not overgeneralize.Moody, Raymond A., with Paul Perry. Reunions: Visionary Encounters with Departed Loved Ones. New York: Villard, 1993.Use for: modern psychomanteum practice, mirror-gazing, grief, and visionary encounters. Use cautiously; this is experiential/parapsychological material, not mainstream neuroscience.Roll, William G. “Psychomanteum Research: A Pilot Study.” Journal of Near-Death Studies 22, no. 4, 2004: 251–270.Use for: psychomanteum research, bereavement visions, mirror-gazing, and altered perception. Use cautiously.Northcote, Thomas. “Scrying.” In The Encyclopedia of Occultism and Parapsychology, edited by J. Gordon Melton. Detroit: Gale, various editions.Use for: general historical overview of scrying traditions, crystal gazing, mirror gazing, and divinatory seeing.Agrippa, Heinrich Cornelius. Three Books of Occult Philosophy. Translated by James Freake; edited and annotated by Donald Tyson. St. Paul, MN: Llewellyn, 1993.Use for: Renaissance magical imagination, correspondences, planetary symbols, spirits, and visual/ritual operations.Barrett, Francis. The Magus. London, 1801.Use for: later ceremonial magic, mirrors, spirits, correspondences, and visual ritual imagination. Use historically, not as scientific evidence.Magical Gaze, Concentration, Visualization, and Ceremonial PracticeCrowley, Aleister. Liber E vel Exercitiorum. In The Equinox.Use for: concentration, posture, breath, mental discipline, and the training of attention as a magical foundation.Crowley, Aleister. Magick: Liber ABA, Book 4. York Beach, ME: Samuel Weiser, various editions.Use for: ceremonial magic, concentration, visualization, ritual method, symbols, and disciplined magical practice.Regardie, Israel. The Golden Dawn. St. Paul, MN: Llewellyn, variousAlso want to remind people about the website, if you're into reading we have tons of information by multiple contributors, and we got t-shirts up on the site if you're interested. Fun fact, the art is all based on the eyeball. 

Το SBS Greek επισκέφθηκε το Northcote, της Μελβούρνης, για να ακούσει τις απόψεις συμπαροίκων για τη φετινή απογραφή, τη σημασία της και το πώς σκοπεύουν να απαντήσουν στις ερωτήσεις σχετικά με την καταγωγή και τη γλώσσα.

The bakery Ryan Fox gave a shout out after his British open win is being inundated with customers from far and wide. Rollers in Auckland's Northcote had queues out the door at opening yesterday and was forced to close early having gone through their stock for today too. They're now focusing just on pies - with the Foxy - a combination of steak, bacon jam and cheese - flying out of the pie warmer. Co-owner Tamara Tait spoke to John Campbell

Tom is joined by two leading Greens candidates for the upcoming Victorian election - Campbell Gome for Northcote, and Brittney Henderson for Western Metro! First up, an introduction to their campaigns and a discussion about the undemocratic group voting system. (5:14) Then a deep dive into the upcoming election and the state ahead. Is Victoria really going to fall to an insane Liberal-One Nation Mad Mex hellscape? (33:42)---------- Just released on Patreon - "How they teach fossil fuels in our schools with Comms Declare’s Belinda Noble" The show can only exist because of our wonderful Patreon subscriber’s support. Subscribe for $3/month to get access to our fortnightly subscriber-only full episode, and unlock our complete library of ONE HUNDRED past bonus episodes. https://www.patreon.com/SeriousDangerAU ---------- Donate! - https://contact-vic.greens.org.au/civicrm/contribute/transact?reset=1&id=5050 Volunteer! - https://greens.org.au/vic/volunteer Come see Ellen Sandell and Max Chandler-Mather at ‘FED UP? Fair Enough!’ -https://events.humanitix.com/fed-up Theme by Kye HughesProduced by Michael Griffin https://www.instagram.com/mikeskillz Follow us on https://twitter.com/SeriousDangerAU https://www.instagram.com/seriousdangerau https://www.tiktok.com/@seriousdangerauSupport the show: http://patreon.com/seriousdangerauSee omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Estelle is a great restaurant for a special occasion. Located at 243-245 High St in Northcote, Melbourne.This is my favourite place for birthday or anniversary celebrations; when we want to get dressed up and we have a little cash to spend on fancy food. The food is great, but I just love the seating around the kitchen and watching the chefs at work.After trying Estelle, another great intimate chef experience can be found at Flint:15. Side quest x Fitzroy, Melbourne x Flint

Tres semanas después de los terremotos en Venezuela, la crisis continúa. Radicada en Melbourne, la cantautora venezolana Karen Moreno reflexiona sobre los retos de la diáspora en Australia y la necesidad de liderar proyectos benéficos que ayuden a su país natal y transformen la impotencia en acción.Escucha SBS Spanish / Australia en español:Por radio o Internet 7 días a la semana de 1:00 a 2:pm (AEST)Escucha también por Apple Podcasts, Spotify y YouTubeExplora nuestra extensa colección de podcasts haciendo clic aquíEn redes: síguenos en Facebook e Instagram.

Playwright Shane Woon joins us to explore Rabbit & Watson, his inventive new work premiering at Darebin Arts Speakeasy. Staged at the Northcote Town Hall Arts Centre, 189 High Street, Northcote, and running 15–26 July , the play brings together Rabbit — a Chinese deity — and Watson, an AFL player, in an unexpected meeting that cracks open questions of masculinity, sporting culture and the complexities of coming out. Blending myth, humour and emotional truth, Rabbit & Watson uses the collision of these two worlds to examine how identity is shaped, hidden and revealed. The post Shane Woon – July 5th, 2026 appeared first on Sunday Arts Magazine.

https://www.mixcloud.com/robert-darby/https://www.buymeacoffee.com/robdarbyhttps://www.facebook.com/robert.darby.902https://www.youtube.com/@robertdarbymusic

The story of the Roman catacombs is vastly different than that of the catacombs of Paris, as Rome’s are much older and were created for very different reasons. Research: Bonello, Giovanni. “Charting the enigmatic life of Antonio Bosio.” Times of Malta. Dec. 6, 2014. https://timesofmalta.com/article/Charting-the-enigmatic-life-of-Antonio-Bosio.547468 Bonello, Giovanni. “How Antonio Bosio Became famous Worldwide.” Times of Malta. Dec. 13, 2014. https://timesofmalta.com/article/How-Antonio-Bosio-became-famous-worldwide.548393 Bosio, Antonio. “Roma sotteranea.” 1650. Accessed online: https://books.google.com/books?id=zCXXSKqq3nQC&printsec=frontcover&source=gbs_atb#v=onepage&q&f=false Britannica Editors. "Edict of Milan". Encyclopedia Britannica, 8 Aug. 2019, https://www.britannica.com/topic/Edict-of-Milan Britannica Editors. "First Jewish Revolt". Encyclopedia Britannica, 31 Mar. 2025, https://www.britannica.com/event/First-Jewish-Revolt Britannica Editors. "Law of the Twelve Tables". Encyclopedia Britannica, 29 Mar. 2018, https://www.britannica.com/topic/Law-of-the-Twelve-Tables “The Catacombs of Rome.” The Atlantic Monthly. March 1858. https://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/1858/03/the-catacombs-of-rome/627225/ Coleman-Norton, Paul R. “The Twelve Tables.” 2024 (eBook). https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/14783/pg14783-images.html “Diocletianic Persecution.” Ebsco. 2023. https://www.ebsco.com/research-starters/religion-and-philosophy/diocletianic-persecution “Jews in Roman Times.” The Roman Empire. PBS. https://www.pbs.org/empires/romans/empire/jews.html Lamberton, Clark D. “The Development of Christian Symbolism as Illustrated in Roman Catacomb Painting.” American Journal of Archaeology, vol. 15, no. 4, 1911, pp. 507–22. JSTOR, https://doi.org/10.2307/497187 Munro, Dana Carleton et al. “Translations and reprints from the original sources of European history : series for 1897.” University of Pennsylvania. 1898. https://archive.org/details/translationsrepr00munr/page/n3/mode/2up Northcote, James Spencer. “The Roman Catacombs.” Sophia Institute Press. 2017. (Reprint) Northcote, James Spencer. ““The Roman Catacombs; or Some Accounts of the Burial Places of the Early Christians in Rome.” Philadelphia. Peter F. Cunningham. 1857. (Reprint) Osborne, J. “The Roman Catacombs in the Middle Ages.” Papers of the British School at Rome , 1985, Vol. 53 (1985), pp. 278-328. https://www.jstor.org/stable/40310821 Perrottet, Tony. “Explore Rome’s Hidden Underworld, Where a City Lurks Beneath a City.” Smithsonian. April/May 2025. https://www.smithsonianmag.com/travel/explore-romes-hidden-underworld-city-beneath-city-180986228/ “PONTIFICAL COMMISSION FOR SACRED ARCHAEOLOGY – Historical Notes.” Vatican. https://www.vatican.va/roman_curia/pontifical_commissions/archeo/inglese/documents/rc_com_archeo_doc_20011010_cenni_en.html Richter, J. P. “Early Christian Art in the Roman Catacombs.” The Burlington Magazine for Connoisseurs, vol. 6, no. 22, 1905, pp. 286–262. JSTOR, http://www.jstor.org/stable/856226 “The Roman Catacombs.” Architecture. April 20, 1888. No. 414, p. 224. https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=nyp.33433084078983&seq=414&q1=catacombs “The Roman Catacombs.” Scientific American, vol. 58, no. 20, 1888, pp. 312–312. JSTOR, http://www.jstor.org/stable/26094597 Rossi, Giovannie Battista de, et all. “Roma sotterranea : or, Some account of the Roman catacombs, especially of the cemetery of San Callisto ; comp. from the works of Commendatore de Rossi with the consent of the author.” Longmans, Green, Reader and Dyer. London. 1869. https://archive.org/details/a606740800rossuoft/a606740800rossuoft/page/6/mode/2up RUTGERS, LEONARD VICTOR, and לאונרד רוטגרס. “הקטקומבות היהודיות ברומא: הערכה מחודשת / THE JEWISH CATACOMBS OF ROME RECONSIDERED.” Proceedings of the World Congress of Jewish Studies / דברי הקונגרס העולמי למדעי היהדות, י, 1989, pp. 29–36. JSTOR, http://www.jstor.org/stable/23535611 Terry, Andrea, and John Osborne. “Un Canadien Errant: Charles Smeaton and the Earliest Photographs of the Roman Catacombs.” RACAR: Revue d’art Canadienne / Canadian Art Review, vol. 32, no. 1/2, 2007, pp. 94–106. JSTOR, http://www.jstor.org/stable/42630755 Yeomans, Sarah. “City of the Dead.” Archaeology, vol. 61, no. 4, 2008, pp. 55–62. JSTOR, http://www.jstor.org/stable/41780388 See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

On Saturday I went to my local rugby club's game. North Shore versus Northcote. A game Shore comfortably won And there I met the president of the club Laurie Magrain, who as it happens is a fan of this station and the Chair of New Zealand's second largest dairy company, Open Country.He told me he's been down at Field Days all week. Of course being a nosey radio guy I googled Laurie when I got home and discovered he'd been making a noise at Field DaysHe'd been talking about the review of the Act that regulated our milk industry The Act gives the responsibility of calculating the farmgate milk price to Fonterra because when it was set up it was the biggest player by far These days Fonterra controls 78 per cent national milk so he'd like other milk companies to have more say in setting the farmgate price he argues the market isn't truly competitive, and without clear, open pricing rules, smaller processors can't compete on equal footing. I agree. It's a funny thing about business philosophy. More competition does create better scenarios. Meanwhile monopolies can be bloated yet can also in certain cases create efficiencies. With the rise of the independent milk companies it's time to let them have more say to sharpen up Fonterra and give more choice to farmers.See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Welcome to the Monday Breakfast show!  Headlines: Federal Court sides with trans woman Roxy Tickle in anti-trans discrimination case Auslan news service Auslan90 to go off air in JuneFreedom Flotilla and Global Sumud Flotilla on its last legSegments: Marisa from the Doin' Time show spoke with us about their experiences as a blind/vision impaired person in accessing the NDIS and what its latest changes may mean for the blind/VI communityAce and Briar from Justice Not Jails spoke with us about the $1.73BN the CLP govt has allocated toward its 'tough on crime' agenda. We played an excerpt from Saturday's panel at Camp Sovereignty about US Militarism and how it has affected Indigenous peoples worldwide. Hannah spoke with Jackie from Philippines Solidarity Research Cluster (PSRC) and the Australian Coalition for Human Rights in the Philippines (or ACHRP) about solidarity with the Philippines and what is currently happening over there for workers, farmers, activists, and Indigenous people. Saturday on the 23rd at the library portal in Northcote from 6-9pm there will be conversations with activists on the conditions of workers, indigenous communities, women and organisers in the Philipines. Fundraiser for grassroots disaster relief. Dinner Provided! go to https://events.humanitix.com/philippinesreportback To track the flotillas to gaza go to  freedomflotilla.org/ffc-tracker and globalsumudflotilla.org/tracker/ Songs played: Guided By Angels - Amyl and the Sniffers

Leaders call for ideas about what to do with the 12 hectare former site of Hato Petera College in Auckland's Northcote. Wawahi Ara Board Chair Helen Te Hira spoke to Ingrid Hipkiss.

Most Aussie's know Jim Penman's face from the side of green trailers dragged through the suburbs as his franchisees mow lawns. But Jim is more than a businessman. He has written multiple books, has a PhD, and will run for election in Northcote, Victoria with the Libertarian party in November 2026. I wanted to find out what motivated Jim to run for politics, ask him about where he sees government waste and interference reducing our quality of life, and of course broach the topic of fertility, which he has a unique view on. It turns out that zoning and planning regulations are a big deal for Jim. Although we weren't able to agree on much about this topic, we were able to break apart why our views differed.Find out more about Jim, his books, and try chatting with “AI Jim” at his website, jimpenman.com.au. Find him on X/Twitter here, and pre-order his new book Birth Rate Crisis here. Don't forget about my upcoming Land and Housing Economics workshop on 9th and 10th June in Brisbane. Tickets here. PDF flyer attached belowAs always, please like, share, comment, and subscribe. Thanks for your support. You can find Fresh Economic Thinking on YouTube, Spotify, and Apple Podcasts.Theme: Happy Swing by Serge Quadrado Music—Creative Commons Licence CC BY-NC 4.0Interested in learning more? Fresh Economic Thinking runs in-person and online workshops to help your organisation dig into the economic issues you face and learn powerful insights. This is a public episode. If you'd like to discuss this with other subscribers or get access to bonus episodes, visit www.fresheconomicthinking.com/subscribe

Acknowledgement of Country// Headlines:Australian Government playing multiple roles in US-Israeli attacks on IranProposed changes to Migration Act condemned by community, Senator ThorpeParliamentary inquiry into racism against Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peopleVictorian prisoners spend over $12m on phone calls between 2021 and 2024 Tilman Ruff, co-founder of the International Campaign to Abolish Nuclear Weapons (ICAN), joined us to discuss Australia's entanglements with nuclear-armed states in light of the ongoing US-Israeli war on Iran. Australia's military and intelligence relationships with the United States are a particular cause for alarm, especially under the AUKUS agreement and Five Eyes alliance. Tilman also spoke about international developments in nuclear agreements including the expiry of the New START Treaty between Russia and the US, and emphasised the urgent need for Australia to ratify the treaty on the prohibition of nuclear weapons.// We played an excerpt of a speech by Agapi Pashos of the Greek Democritus Workers League from February 28th this year commemorating the third anniversary of the Tempi tragedy. Agapi spoke about the decades of austerity and endemic corruption that led to the death of 57 people in the 2023 head-on collision between a passenger and a freight train south of the Tempe Valley, and the diaspora's role in fighting for justice and systemic change in Greece.A public meeting has been called by the Greek Democritus Workers League to discuss the political crisis in Greece at Democritus House (583 High St, Northcote) on Saturday March 14th at 4PM. For more information, head to their Instagram page.// We played an excerpt of 3CR's Women on the Line program from March 17th, 2025, where host Kannagi spoke with regenerative farmer Avika about combating the climate crisis through regenerative farming, the role of women in sustainable farming, the links between corporate farming and patriarchal culture and the benefits of growing your own food. Avika is based in Chiang Mai, Thailand, and is passionate about regenerating soil. She works with farmers across the country to make regenerative farming tools and techniques more accessible. Listen back to the full conversation here, and catch Women on the Line on 3CR 855AM on Mondays from 8.30-9.00AM.// Lucinda Thorpe from Digital Rights Watch joined us to continue the conversation about the Australian Government's relationships with US-based data analysis software company Palantir in light of exclusive reporting this week by Crikey on the contents of a contract that embeds Palantir staff within the Department of Defence. You can read Cam Wilson's article, 'Palantir embedding staff in Defence and mining Australian data under contract with Trump-aligned company' here.//

We had 2 #ASKJIM's in February 2026, Jim covers a lot of things plus why he is running for the seat of Northcote in the Victorian state election.

RNZ understands several people are injured after an incident on a residential street in the Christchurch suburb of Northcote late last night. National Crime Correspondent Sam Sherwood spoke to Ingrid Hipkiss.

Tom is joined by the Surfing Senator, the retiring Greens Senator for Tasmania, Peter Whish-Wilson! First up, Angus Taylor has rolled Sussssan Ley and is the new leader of the Liberals. Say the line, Angus! (10:57) Next up, a look at the aftermath of Israeli President Herzog’s visit to Australia, the abuse of power at protests, and these cops not being tops. (31:07) Finally, Peter looks back at his time in office and ponders what’s next. (45:18) ---------- Just released on Patreon - "Inside the Greens #11: Greensland emerges, 2019 election, NSW fractures" The show can only exist because of our wonderful Patreon subscriber’s support. Subscribe for $3/month to get access to our fortnightly subscriber-only full episode, and unlock our complete library of over NINETY past bonus episodes. https://www.patreon.com/SeriousDangerAU ----------Watch our unlocked Patreon episode with the late great Jon Kudelka where we play rusted-on bingo!https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xZiZ1_lLEWw https://omny.fm/shows/serious-danger/unlocked-rusted-on-bingo-ft-jon-kudelka Follow Peter Whish-Wilson -https://greens.org.au/tas/person/peter-whish-wilson https://www.facebook.com/senatorsurfer/ https://www.instagram.com/senatorsurfer Tom on tour! Adelaide, Canberra, Port Fairy, Warrnambool, Melbourne, Sydney, Newcastle & Brisbane -https://comedy.com.au/tour/tom-ballard Victorian Greens: Come to see Ballard @ Ballard’s on Saturday February 21st from 1pm, launching Campbell Gome’s campaign for Northcote - https://contact-wa.greens.org.au/civicrm/event/info?reset=1&id=23148 AND on Saturday Feb 28th there is a Special State Conference happening, at which among other things, members will be considering a proposal for the Victorian Greens leader - or co-deputy leaders - to be elected by the members You should have got an email with the details; you can join online or in person Theme by Kye HughesProduced by Michael Griffin https://www.instagram.com/mikeskillz Follow us on https://twitter.com/SeriousDangerAU https://www.instagram.com/seriousdangerau https://www.tiktok.com/@seriousdangerauSupport the show: http://patreon.com/seriousdangerauSee omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Some schools are scrambling to fill teaching positions before term one. About 450 teaching and principal roles remain vacant - 12 percent more than this time last year. About 75 percent are in the North Island, with 125 in Auckland. The principal of Auckland's Northcote College, Vicki Barrie, says they'll likely start the year with gaps in carpentry and Māori studies. "We've got some flexibility within the timetable and the teachers that we've already got, so we're making changes to the timetable to cover it temporarily." LISTEN ABOVESee omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

This morning, Azura & Charlie were joined in studio by Hawaiian artist Johnny Suite. He is playing two in Auckland this morning. Tonight, at Stampede Bar, Papakura and one tomorrow at the Backyard Bar in Northcote. For more, follow our socials: Instagram Facebook TikTokSee omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Ballarat Hospital's fecal disasters and other 'sucesses'. Yorrick Hunt and Jacinta's drunk driving $1000 Mea culpa and lecture to the great unwashed. Northcote's moral cleansing, would you like no fries with that?Adem Koci's $50 Word. Jenny From Sebastapol. Nev From Nangwarry.https://www.paypal.com/paypalme/robertdarby902https://www.buymeacoffee.com/robdarbyLink Here https://archive.org/details/@the_darbys_aka_robert_and_roy_darbyhttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hPKGQJbaz5Ehttps://www.facebook.com/robert.darby.902https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCEzLGIpPGLVUdDkZXEbiaTwhttps://www.youtube.com/channel/UCtqCX7Mx7mb4ep4enSUp3qwhttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HvV8BNjk9dkAlso availble at https://archive.org/details/@the_darbys_aka_robert_and_roy_darbyhttps://archive.org/details/@the_darbys_aka_robert_and_roy_darby

In 1982, single mother Marion Wishart, looking to make ends meet, invited a lodger to stay in her home in the suburb of Northcote in Melbourne. She could not have predicted what would happen next.What followed was one of the city’s most notorious child murders, that of her daughter, six-year-old Bonnie Clarke.In the first episode of a new season of Naked City, crime reporter John Silvester tells the story of a mother wrongly accused of her daughter’s murder, and a detective who, many years later, was determined to right a most wretched wrong.See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Maduro 'tribute'. Jabby Nev. The 'ABC' Northcote comedy department. Dope eating rats.Link Here https://archive.org/details/@the_darbys_aka_robert_and_roy_darbyhttps://www.paypal.com/paypalme/robertdarby902https://www.buymeacoffee.com/robdarbyhttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hPKGQJbaz5Ehttps://www.facebook.com/robert.darby.902https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCEzLGIpPGLVUdDkZXEbiaTwhttps://www.youtube.com/channel/UCtqCX7Mx7mb4ep4enSUp3qwhttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HvV8BNjk9dkAlso availble at https://archive.org/details/@the_darbys_aka_robert_and_roy_darbyhttps://archive.org/details/@the_darbys_aka_robert_and_roy_darby

Mihingarangi reports live from the Northcote Saturday Market where they are using recycled materials to build a miniature town centre. 

Mihingarangi reports live from the Northcote Saturday Market and sampling the best festive foods on offer.

Residents of Northcote have had their say, but the fight might not be over. See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

On this weeks program Chris interviews Sally from Streets Alive Darebin about ongoing issues with risky St George's Road intersections, crossovers and connections.We discuss historial changes, including 2009 change from a roundabout at  Northcote to signalised intersection, working on building a direct connection to Merri Creek Path, Northern Pipe Trail connections to the north, safety issues with crossovers to central median path as it's a major tram route and the premier cycling route in the north of Melbourne with over half a million cycle journeys a year.Streets Alive Darebin are calling on Kat Theophanous: Member for Northcote and Gabrielle Williams: Minister for Transport Infrastructure, Minister for Public and Active Transport and VicRoads to fix the southern intersection at Charles and Merri Parade to improve safety for cyclists, and all road users, connecting to the shared median path heading north.Join Us for Critical Mass St George's Road: meet State Library, 5.30pm Thursday 25 September 2025 (Grand Final Eve) and ride to St George's Road intersection & post ride drinks and chat at Terminus Hotel.Local news: it's World Car Free Day, with today's diminished traffic today it felt like Melburnians had taken that to heart but no, it's the start of Victorian school holidays.After a long wait, Wellington Street north consultation is finally open - Option 1 for a Bicycle Street is the best! Survey is open to Monday 13 October 2025.Circulating back to last fortnights 3CR program, Victoria's new Speed Zoning Policy + Making Moreland Road safer, Victorian Police have made an arrest for the Moreland Road hit-run fatality on 24 August 2025. Please add your name to the Victorian Government Legislative Council petition: Pedestrian and cyclist safety on Moreland Road.Changes to e-bikes: instead of a blanket ban on NSW trains: Commuters taking converted e-bikes on NSW trains, metro to face finesCan you help 3CR by becoming a Regular Donor during September? A Regular Donor is someone who loves 3CR so much that they set up an automatic donation on the same day every month. By becoming a Regular Donor, you can help us stay resilient and radical. Together, we can keep independent voices on air!Program musicTour de Velo, Jon BrennerNew Prophets, Bonobo

The owner of a business on High Street in Northcote joined Tony Jones. See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

In this special solo episode of Culture Club, Jas gets candid about all things wedding. From planning to the pressures of being a bride thanks to social media, Jas shares the tips that have been helping her and answers your burning wedding questions. Jas references a reel by fitness coach and content creator, Laura Girard. HUD Skincare clinic in Northcote and St Kilda, Melbourne is where Jas is getting her skin prep done and Modern Day Romance is their wedding content creator. Did you enjoy this deep dive episode on one topic? We'd love to hear your thoughts so please leave us a review on Spotify or Apple or slide into our DMs. For more Culture Club content follow us on Instagram and TikTok. You can follow us individually on Jas and Maggie's Instagram accounts as well. Chat soon! xSee omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

What watches us from the trees? A solitary girl begins to wander, again and again, into the woods above her home. At first, they offer calm—shade, silence, the companionship of trees. But as the summer deepens, so does her enchantment. She begins to hear music. She starts to see movement—half-glimpsed figures, never quite there. The woods begin to notice her. And something waits at their heart, beautiful and terrible. This is In the Woods, a haunting story by Amyas Northcote. Quiet. Slow. Uneasy. You can hear it now, on the Classic Ghost Stories Podcast. ⭐ Join my Patreon ⭐ https://patreon.com/barcud Go here for a library of ad-free stories, a monthly members only story and early access to the regular stories I put out.  You can choose to have ghost stories only, or detective stories or classic literature, or all of them for either $5 or $10 a month.  Many hundreds of hours of stories. Who needs Audible? Or, if you'd just like to make a one-off gesture of thanks for my work https://buymeacoffee.com/10mn8sk Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

This week on What a Great Punk, we're joined by Josh and Eamon from The Unknowns (and The Chats) to talk about 2005 Ford Falcons, being booed off a Dutch stage after 24 hours on the piss, and the risk of cracking a stiffy under general anaesthetic. Plus: rock'n'roll bars around the world, CD players making a comeback, and the wild new record they tracked by cranking the amps in a Northcote rehearsal room. You can watch the video of this episode exclusively on our Patreon: https://patreon.com/whatagreatpunkShout outs @zombiechew_, @eamonsandwich, @the_unknowns_, and @thechatslovebeer and cheers to the legends at @younghenrys for sponsoring the pod!Watch videos of the pods and get weekly bonus episodes on our Patreon — it's only 5 bucks a month, but it's still 5 bucks!:https://patreon.com/whatagreatpunkJoin us all in the TNSW Discord community chat:https://tnsw.co/discordWatch our Comedy Central mockumentary series and TNSW Tonight! on YouTube:https://youtube.com/thesenewsouthwhalesTNSW on Spotify:https://open.spotify.com/artist/0srVTNI2U8J7vytCTprEk4?si=e9ibyNpiT2SDegTnJV_6Qg&dl_branch=1TNSW: @thesenewsouthwhalessJamie: @mossylovesyouTodd: @mrtoddandrewshttps://patreon.com/whatagreatpunkhttps://thesenewsouthwhales.comShout-outs to the Honorary Punks of the Pod:Harry WalkomHugh FlassmanZac Arden BrimsClaireJimi KendallLachy TanDerrotonin69Adjoa SamMatt Sanders

Velvet Bloom just released their self-titled debut album. Three years in the making, the record has finally reached the listener. Maddy, front singer and co-producer, talks about their upcoming Australia tour, connecting to music on a soul level and the recording process of the album.You can get a vinly on Yama Nui Records.watch a clip of this interview hereInstagram: @velvetbloom.musicYoutube: @velvetbloommusicAll other links: https://msha.ke/velvetbloom.musiccover photograph by @valentinamoroneyVelvet Bloom's tour through Australia stops in Footscray, Hobart, Berriedale, Main Ridge, North Fremantle, Bridgetown, Darwin City, Port Kembla, Surry Hills, Glenworth Valley, Mayfield, Bellingen, Byron Bay NSW, Brisbane City, Nambour, Tamworth, Bathurst, Canberra, Cohuna, Northcote and Adelaide.Enjoyed listening to this episode? You know what you do ... (make sure to subscribe and share this episode with all of your friends and leave a review, so more people can tune in to my conversations with my legends, xoxo)this podcast episode is hosted, edited and produced by bonnie orbison -> Bonnie's writing on cowboys, haunted pasts and silly joys in life is available on thecrylounge.com (her books + zine papers)

Archie's on a rampage as he ends up revealing the dirt on his VIP weekend at Twickers with Jack Whitehall, gives his honest thoughts on Borthwick and reveals why Alistair is a very happy man after Trump is re-elected as President of America. Plus AC phones The Northcote pub to make sure they're going to be well stocked for our live show in February and also there's a return to Club House Stories and if that's not enough a new golf section - where AC phone's his fans and asks for their best golf chat plus much more ridiculousness as always..... --------------------------- BUY YOUR TICKETS NOW - https://claphamgrand.com/event/archie-curzon-the-rig-biz-live/

The Rumour File has been notified of a statue on the nature strip in Northcote of 'Raygun', the viral Australian breakdancer from the Paris Olympics. See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Join host Ananya Sharma as she talks to Amy Bodossian about all things being an artist and performer living with OCD. This episode discusses Amy's love for performance and how she navaigates her OCD whilst being in the public eye. Amy's show 'In Bed with Amy and Friends' is part of Melbourne Fringe festival, and is a cabaret style-performance with a healthy serving of wackiness. The show will run October 8th at Wesley Anne in Northcote. Please purchase tickets here https://melbournefringe.com.au/event/in-bed-with-amy-and-friends/

Join host Ananya Sharma as she talks to Amy Bodossian about all things being an artist and performer living with OCD. This episode is the first part of a two part series where we discuss Amy's love for performance and how she navaigates her OCD whilst being in the public eye. Amy's show 'In Bed with Amy and Friends' is part of Melbourne Fringe festival, and is a cabaret style-performance with a healthy serving of wackiness. The show will run October 8th at Wesley Anne in Northcote. Please purchase tickets here https://melbournefringe.com.au/event/in-bed-with-amy-and-friends/

Nihal Arthanayake presents Loose Ends from the third annual Morecambe Poetry Festival. He's joined by Henry Normal. Henry is a writer, poet, TV and film producer who has been involved with many of our most loved comedies, such as The Mrs Merton Show, The Royal Family, Gavin and Stacey and Alan Partridge. He's a prolific poet, and his latest collection is 'A Moonless Night'. He also presents the occasional 'A Normal...; series for Radio 4 combining stand-up, poetry and stories about his life and family. Henry explains how, prematurely old at 23 he turned his back on a traditional career path and entered the worlrd of comedy and performance. Donna Ashworth's lockdown poetry went viral in 2020 and her popularity has been credited with 2023 being the best year for poetry sales in Britain since records began. Her new collection is 'Growing Brave'. She tells us about her days as a Butlin's red coat, celebrating overlooked kinds of bravery, and her dogs Dave and Brian. Mike Harding is a stand-up comic, musician and poet. He's been performing since the 1970's, and has released over a hundred books and recordings. He presented the Folk show on Radio 2 for 15 years. He's performing alongside Henry Normal at the Morecambe Poetry Festival. His latest poetry collection is 'The Lonely Zoroastrian', and he also tells us about the luck involved in his hit single, 'The Rochdale Cowboy'. Lisa Goodwin-Allen is Morecambe born and bred. She's the executive chef at the nearby Northcote and appears frequently on TV including on The Great British Menu and James Martin's Saturday Kitchen. Lisa's ingredients for success in the kitchen include imagination, being an adreneline junkie and a passion for seasonal and local produce. And we have music from the Lancaster based musical duo The Lovely Eggs, from their seventh album. 'Eggsistentialism'. The album is personal, inspired by their lives, particulary their struggle to save the Lancaster Music Co-op.The Lovely Eggs are Holly Ross and David Blackwell and the show is dedicated to David's mum, Anne Blackwell, who died shortly before this programme was broadcast. A former acress and headteacher, Anne was a was known Morecambe character. A keen member of Morecambe Speaker's Club, she lived and breathed theatre and performing and was much loved within the community. Presenter: Nihal Arthanayake Producer: Jessica Treen

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LISTENER SUCCESS: Starting A Wellness Biz In the latest episode of Join Up Dots, we dive into the transformative world of well-being and explore how to turn passion into impactful businesses. If you've ever felt like your career achievements are overshadowing your mental and physical health, this episode is a must-listen. We're bringing you real-world examples of individuals who have taken the concept of work-life balance to heart and are now on the path to creating innovative businesses that focus on holistic well-being. Our conversation starts with Sarah from Brighton, UK, who has embarked on an exciting journey to establish a Holistic Wellness Consultancy. Inspired by the interconnectedness of well-being, Sarah is crafting personalized wellness plans for both individuals and companies. Her approach integrates physical health, mental clarity, and career development to help clients achieve a balanced and fulfilling life. If you're interested in how tailored wellness solutions can make a difference, Sarah's story is a perfect example of turning inspiration into action. Next, we travel to the beautiful Blue Mountains, Australia, where Tom is in the planning stages of launching a Wellness Retreat Center. Combining relaxation with personal and professional growth, Tom's retreats will offer yoga, meditation, and career coaching in a serene environment. Imagine escaping the daily grind to rejuvenate and refocus at a retreat designed to foster both mental and physical well-being. Tom's vision showcases the potential of integrating natural beauty with wellness practices to create transformative experiences. James, based in Northcote, Australia, is gearing up to launch a Work-Life Balance App. This app will help users track their wellness and career progress with features designed to promote daily reminders, goal setting, and tips for a healthier lifestyle. As James works on developing this tool, he's focusing on creating a user-friendly experience that provides practical support for managing work and personal life. If technology and wellness intersect for you, James' endeavor might be just the inspiration you need. Emma, located in Fremantle, Australia, is planning a Corporate Wellness Coaching business. Her goal is to enhance employee well-being and productivity through customized wellness programs. Emma is currently working on defining her services and building partnerships with corporate clients. Her approach promises to transform workplace culture by integrating wellness strategies into the corporate environment. For those interested in the intersection of wellness and corporate success, Emma's story offers a fresh perspective on improving workplace health. Laura from Geelong, Australia, is setting the stage for an e-learning platform offering Online Wellness Courses. Her courses will cover stress management, nutrition, and career development, providing a comprehensive approach to personal growth. As Laura designs her content and selects the right platform for delivery, her venture highlights the growing demand for accessible, online wellness education. If you're passionate about learning and well-being, Laura's upcoming courses could be your next big opportunity for personal development. Finally, we hear from Alex in Manly, Australia, who is in the early stages of launching a Wellness Product Subscription Box. This service will deliver curated wellness products monthly, designed to support physical health, mental well-being, and productivity. Alex is focusing on sourcing high-quality products and creating an engaging unboxing experience. His venture demonstrates how a subscription model can deliver continuous value and joy to subscribers while promoting overall well-being. Each of these stories illustrates how the principles of well-being can be applied to various business models, creating opportunities for growth and fulfillment. From consultancy and retreats to apps, coaching, online courses, and subscription boxes, these entrepreneurs are paving the way for a more balanced and health-conscious future. As you listen to this episode of Join Up Dots, we encourage you to think about how you can incorporate the concept of well-being into your own life or business. Whether you're seeking inspiration for a new venture or looking for ways to enhance your existing endeavors, these stories offer valuable insights and practical examples.   Don't forget to share this episode with your network using hashtags like #JoinUpDots #WellnessRevolution #BalanceAndSuccess. Your support helps us reach more people and spread the message of holistic well-being. And remember, subscribing to the podcast and leaving a review is a great way to show your support. Your feedback helps us continue bringing you valuable content and inspiring stories. See you in the next episode!

Visual journalist Nick Monro went to Northcote in Auckland to see how often people check their receipts after a shop.

A house that only a young woman can see. An old lady that only she can speak to. A chilling horror story by Amyas Northcote.  If you like this episode, please remember to follow on Spotify, Apple Podcasts, or your favourite podcast app.

On this week's episode, Nasser presents an excerpt of a talk given by veteran Palestinian activist Yousef Alreemawi entitled 'The Palestinian refugees: When the temporary became permanent', Part 9 in the series 'Understanding Palestine', originally recorded 21 July 2024. 'Understanding Palestine' series, every second Sunday at Black Spark Cultural Centre, 126 Gladstone Ave, Northcote. The next talk, 'What happens when the Palestinian refugees become refugees again?', is happening on Sun 4 Aug 2024, 4.30pm. Register via averroes.project@gmail.com. More info. Free Palestine Melbourne rally, State Library Victoria, Sundays 12pm.Info on upcoming events and actions via APAN and Free Palestine Melbourne.Daily broadcast updates via Let's Talk Palestine. 

Visual journalist Nick Monro asked people in the suburb of Northcote on Auckland's north shore - if they have medical insurance.

In November 2023, a unique event occured. Eight gamelan groups - Gamelan DanAnda, Kacapi Suling Melbourne, Mahindra Bali Gamelan, Melbourne Community Gamelan, Mugi Rahayu, Putra Panji Asmara, Talo Balak, Selonding Sapta Nugraha - came together to perform at a small church in Northcote, a suburb in North Melbourne. The gathering was dedicated to the memory of Pak Poedijono, a master Javanese dhalang (puppeteer), musician, dancer and gamelan teacher. He taught in Australia for over 45 years and sadly passed away on the 30th of January 2021. In this episode of Talking Indonesia, Tito Ambyo chats with the people who organised this gathering: John Cheong-Holdaway, an Australian gamelan musician; Eka Poedijono, daughter of the late Pak Poedijono; and Jocelyn Tribe, a biracial artist who connected with her Indonesian ancestry later in life. We spoke about many things, including the difference between gamelan and other types of music, the role of gamelan beyond musical performance, and what it's like to be a part of the gamelan music scene in a city like Melbourne. We also touched on a range of artists and gamelan groups, like Ria Soemardjo, Peni Candra Rini, Gamelan DanAnda, Bli Putu Septa, Desak Putu Warti and Sanggar Lestari. In 2024, the Talking Indonesia podcast is co-hosted by Tito Ambyo from RMIT, Dr Elisabeth Kramer from the University of New South Wales, Dr Jemma Purdey from Monash University and Dr Jacqui Baker from Murdoch University. Photo: supplied.

In our latest podcast, the host and Master Sommelier Chris Tanghe explores the diverse wine styles of Hungary, including the iconic and incredibly complex sweet wines of Tokaj as well as lesser-known dry wines from multiple regions. Our guest this month is Hungary's first Master Sommelier, Tamás Czinki, from Budapest, who is the wine director of the Felix restaurant and consults for Culinaris Wholesale, where he is developing an extensive portfolio of fine wines. Previously, Tamás spent a decade in the UK, where he was the head sommelier for the Northcote hotel in Lancashire and regularly competed in sommelier competitions, placing second in the 2018 Best Sommelier of the United Kingdom event.  Thanks for listening. If you enjoy this episode, please leave us a review, as it helps us connect and grow the GuildSomm community. Cheers!  

Nasser provides commentary on the vital role of activism in highlighting the complicity of governments and organisations in the genocide and displacement of Palestinian people by the Isreali occupational forces, in particular encampments occuring in universities nationally and internationally in a stand of solidarity.We then play an excerpt of a talk by veteran Palestinian activist Yousef Alreemawi entitled 'The Palestinians: National identity and current realities', part 2 in the series 'Understanding Palestine', originally recorded on 31 Mar 2024.  'Understanding Palestine' series, every second Sunday at Black Spark Cultural Centre, 126 Gladstone Ave, Northcote. Next talk Sun 28 Apr, 4.30pm. Register via averroes.project@gmail.com. More info.Free Palestine Melbourne rally, State Library Victoria, Sundays 12pm.Updated info on upcoming events and actions via Free Palestine Melbourne Instagram.Daily broadcast updates via Let's Talk Palestine. 

This podcast episode is sponsored by BetterHelp. Get 10% off your first month with BetterHelp: https://betterhelp.com/laviniarusandaToday we get LOUD with Lou Northcote the creator of #freethepimple and talk about how she navigated her modelling career when getting cystic acne, struggling with self-image to finding love for her skin, and becoming viral on social media for her vulnerability.Watch the video version of this episode: https://youtu.be/VAEDIY5ul00

As we approach the end of 2023, it's time to reflect on the significant changes and growth we have experienced. This year has been filled with challenges, opportunities, and valuable lessons. Join me as we take a journey through the highs and lows of 2023 and discuss the impact they have had on the housing market, our lives, and our aspirations. 2023 has been dominated by discussions around interest rates, affordability, and inflation. These factors have greatly influenced the housing market and people's ability to afford the houses they live in. We also witnessed a lot of fear-driven property dumping and buying.  The fear of construction costs and uncertainty surrounding the market led many to make hasty decisions. While it's natural to be cautious and reactive when our pockets are at stake, it's essential to approach the market with a level head. When evaluating investment opportunities, consider the potential for reasonable interest rates and the specifics of each project.  The desire for more has influenced the property market, creating a demand for increasingly extravagant design choices resulting in inflated construction costs. Gone are the days of simple kitchen joinery and functional vanities. We now face the challenge of integrating numerous joinery elements throughout our homes, driving up costs and pushing the boundaries of functionality. By critically assessing our needs, wants, and future goals, we can design homes that strike the right balance. It's essential to avoid falling into the trap of unnecessary expense and prioritize functional design that aligns with our budgets. For me, this year has been one of significant personal and professional changes. As my family and I embraced the country life, we sold our beloved family home in Northcote and settled on 20 acres in Panton Hill. Additionally, we acquired a winery in Gippsland and embarked on transforming it into a remarkable space.  These changes have highlighted the importance of connection and appreciation. I've realized the value of working alongside my husband, John, and the joy of creating a community of like-minded individuals. The trials and triumphs of our various projects have shaped me and strengthened my resolve. Join us as we forge ahead into 2024, armed with the lessons learned from this transformative year. Let us celebrate the progress we've made and look forward to the limitless possibilities that lie ahead.   LINKS:  Buy our book: BuildHer, A practical guide to building and renovating BuildHer Website: https://buildhercollective.com.au/ BuildHer Instagram: @buildhercollective BuildHer Facebook: Women who Design, Decorate, Renovate & Build Register for a call: https://go.oncehub.com/BuildHer  See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Tyler Cassidy was a troubled kid. Police officers Colin Dods and Richie Blundell were working an afternoon shift in the Northcote divisional van. Their lives would collide on a balmy summer evening in late 2008 at a Northcote skate park. A distraught Cassidy, 15, was in no mood to negotiate with the officers. He refused to drop two knives and kept approaching Dods. He was shot six times, and died at the scene. The police involved lived for years with allegations that it was their fault. Vindicated in the Coroners Court of Victoria, they tell John Silvester their story.See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Julia Jacklin - "Lydia Wears A Cross" from the 2022 album Pre Pleasure on Polyvinyl. Four years after charming the socks off of us with her 2018 record Crushing, Julia Jacklin is finally releasing its anticipated follow-up. Titled Pre Pleasure, the record was conceived upon returning home at the end of a mammoth Crushing world tour and finished in a frantic few months of recording in Montreal. Our Song of the Day is the lead single and opening track off the record, “Lydia Wears a Cross.” Harkening back to her Catholic upbringing, a young Jacklin struggles with an understanding of what she's being fed while deeply enjoying the pageantry of the church. “I'd be a believer /If it was all just song and dance,” she sings on the chorus. In a statement, Jacklin describes the song like this: “The song is about a lot of things but mainly being a 7yr old Jesus Christ superstar fanatic attending catholic school trying to figure out which way is up. The music video was filmed by my constant collaborator and friend Nick Mckk at Splitpoint lighthouse. I played a show close by recently and asked on stage if anyone could let me film inside. Someone in the crowd knew a guy and that was it. The rest was filmed in the streets of Northcote, Melbourne.” Pre Pleasure was recorded in Montreal with co-producer Marcus Paquin (The Weather Station, The National) and finds Jacklin teamed with her Canada-based touring band, bassist Ben Whiteley and guitarist Will Kidman, both of Canadian folk outfit The Weather Station. It also introduces drummer Laurie Torres, saxophonist Adam Kinner and string arrangements by Owen Pallett (Arcade Fire) recorded by a full orchestra in Prague. Jacklin will be embarking on a US tour this August, with a date in Seattle on Friday, September 30th at the Crocodile. Watch her incredible KEXP in-studio performance from 2019 at the link below. Read the full post on KEXP.org Support the show: https://www.kexp.org/donate See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.