Podcasts about Recanati

In the year 2000, Lenny Recanati decided to start a winery, which is not a small decision. Born out of a love of wine, Lenny rightly says that when you're not making money, it's a hobby, and when you're making money, it's a business. Today, his winery is recognized as one of the best in Israel. In this episode we interview Lenny and his head winemaker Kobi Arviv and learn how they make elegant, gastronomic wines in a warm climate - not an easy thing to do. Kobi's philosophy? Keep it simple, keep the sense of place. They focus on both classic wine varietals like Cabernet Sauvignon and Merlot, and also focus on indigenous varietals that help keep that sense of place. Please join us in this fascinating interview with Lenny and Kobi.Send us a Text Message and we'll respond in our next episode!Contact The Wine Pair Podcast - we'd love to hear from you!Visit our website, leave a review, and reach out to us: https://thewinepairpodcast.com/Follow and DM us on Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/thewinepairpodcast/Send us an email: joe@thewinepairpodcast.com

Poesia: Giacomo Leopardi - Spendieren Sie einen Cafè (1€)? Donate a coffee (1€)? https://ko-fi.com/italiano Livello A2 #romantica #poeta #storia #italy #vhs #leopardiBiografia, opere e stile letterario di un grande poetaOggi abbiamo come tema la poesia e vi voglio parlare di un grandissimo poeta romantico che si chiama Giacomo Leopardi.Materia di studio di tutti gli studenti italiani, Leopardi rappresenta al meglio il romanticismo letterario italiano, perciò ecco a voi qui la storia del nostro grande poeta.Giacomo Leopardi nasce il 29 giugno del 1798 a Recanati, un paese nella regione delle Marche e in questo periodo è parte dello Stato Pontificio. La sua famiglia è di origini nobili. Il padre, conte di Monaldo è figlio di un conte e la mamma è sua cugina. I due hanno 10 figli di cui però solo 5 arriveranno all'età adulta. Il padre è un uomo di idee reazionarie e la madre è una donna molto religiosa e legata alle convenzioni sociali. I due genitori, persone molto rigide, non daranno mai molto amore e affetto ai figli. E di questo Giacomo ne soffrirà molto per tutta la sua vita. ...- The full transcript of this Episode is available via "Luisa's learn Italian Premium", Premium is no subscription and does not incur any recurring fees. You can just shop for the materials you need or want and shop per piece. Prices start at 0.20 Cent (i. e. Eurocent). - das komplette Transcript / die Show-Notes zu allen Episoden sind über Luisa's Podcast Premium verfügbar. Den Shop mit allen Materialien zum Podcast finden Sie unterhttps://premium.il-tedesco.itLuisa's Podcast Premium ist kein Abo - sie erhalten das jeweilige Transscript/die Shownotes sowie zu den Grammatik Episoden Übungen die Sie "pro Stück" bezahlen (ab 20ct). https://premium.il-tedesco.itMehr info unter www.il-tedesco.it bzw. https://www.il-tedesco.it/premiumMore information on www.il-tedesco.it or via my shop https://www.il-tedesco.it/premium

Giacomo Leopardi, il poeta dell'Infinito: ecco quali sono i componimenti più famosi dell'autore nato a Recanati nel 1798.

La poetica e commento alle opere di Giacomo Leopardi in riferimento al tema del paesaggio. Esempi nelle opere e spiegazione.

Queen of Sorrows: Plague, Piety, and Power in Late Medieval Italy (Cornell University Press, 2024) by Dr. Bianca Lopez takes an original approach to both late-medieval Italian history and the history of Christianity, using quantitative and qualitative analyses of a remarkable archive of 1,904 testaments to determine patterns in giving to the Virgin of Loreto shrine in the late fourteenth and early fifteenth centuries. Dr. Lopez argues that in central Italy, as elsewhere, the cult of the Virgin Mary gained new prominence at this time of unprecedented mortality. Individuals gave to Santa Maria di Loreto, which houses the structure in which Mary is believed to have lived, as an expression of their grief in the hope of strengthening family lineages beyond death and to care for loved ones believed to be languishing in purgatory. Dr. Lopez establishes statistical correlations between different social groups and their donations to Loreto over time, uncovering informative new historical patterns such as the prominence of widow and migrant donors in the notarial record. The testaments also provide a social history of Recanati, revealing how its denizens venerated Mary as a saint with unrivaled spiritual power and uniquely sympathetic to grief, having lost her own son, Jesus. In the fourteenth century, plague survivors transformed their anguish into Marian devotion. The devastation of the plague brought the Virgin out of noble courts and monasteries and onto city streets. As Queen of Sorrows details, however, the popularity and growing wealth of Loreto's Marian shrine attracted the attention of the papacy and peninsular seigneurial lords, who eventually brought Santa Maria di Loreto under the control of the Church. This interview was conducted by Dr. Miranda Melcher whose new book focuses on post-conflict military integration, understanding treaty negotiation and implementation in civil war contexts, with qualitative analysis of the Angolan and Mozambican civil wars. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/new-books-network

Queen of Sorrows: Plague, Piety, and Power in Late Medieval Italy (Cornell University Press, 2024) by Dr. Bianca Lopez takes an original approach to both late-medieval Italian history and the history of Christianity, using quantitative and qualitative analyses of a remarkable archive of 1,904 testaments to determine patterns in giving to the Virgin of Loreto shrine in the late fourteenth and early fifteenth centuries. Dr. Lopez argues that in central Italy, as elsewhere, the cult of the Virgin Mary gained new prominence at this time of unprecedented mortality. Individuals gave to Santa Maria di Loreto, which houses the structure in which Mary is believed to have lived, as an expression of their grief in the hope of strengthening family lineages beyond death and to care for loved ones believed to be languishing in purgatory. Dr. Lopez establishes statistical correlations between different social groups and their donations to Loreto over time, uncovering informative new historical patterns such as the prominence of widow and migrant donors in the notarial record. The testaments also provide a social history of Recanati, revealing how its denizens venerated Mary as a saint with unrivaled spiritual power and uniquely sympathetic to grief, having lost her own son, Jesus. In the fourteenth century, plague survivors transformed their anguish into Marian devotion. The devastation of the plague brought the Virgin out of noble courts and monasteries and onto city streets. As Queen of Sorrows details, however, the popularity and growing wealth of Loreto's Marian shrine attracted the attention of the papacy and peninsular seigneurial lords, who eventually brought Santa Maria di Loreto under the control of the Church. This interview was conducted by Dr. Miranda Melcher whose new book focuses on post-conflict military integration, understanding treaty negotiation and implementation in civil war contexts, with qualitative analysis of the Angolan and Mozambican civil wars. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/history

Queen of Sorrows: Plague, Piety, and Power in Late Medieval Italy (Cornell University Press, 2024) by Dr. Bianca Lopez takes an original approach to both late-medieval Italian history and the history of Christianity, using quantitative and qualitative analyses of a remarkable archive of 1,904 testaments to determine patterns in giving to the Virgin of Loreto shrine in the late fourteenth and early fifteenth centuries. Dr. Lopez argues that in central Italy, as elsewhere, the cult of the Virgin Mary gained new prominence at this time of unprecedented mortality. Individuals gave to Santa Maria di Loreto, which houses the structure in which Mary is believed to have lived, as an expression of their grief in the hope of strengthening family lineages beyond death and to care for loved ones believed to be languishing in purgatory. Dr. Lopez establishes statistical correlations between different social groups and their donations to Loreto over time, uncovering informative new historical patterns such as the prominence of widow and migrant donors in the notarial record. The testaments also provide a social history of Recanati, revealing how its denizens venerated Mary as a saint with unrivaled spiritual power and uniquely sympathetic to grief, having lost her own son, Jesus. In the fourteenth century, plague survivors transformed their anguish into Marian devotion. The devastation of the plague brought the Virgin out of noble courts and monasteries and onto city streets. As Queen of Sorrows details, however, the popularity and growing wealth of Loreto's Marian shrine attracted the attention of the papacy and peninsular seigneurial lords, who eventually brought Santa Maria di Loreto under the control of the Church. This interview was conducted by Dr. Miranda Melcher whose new book focuses on post-conflict military integration, understanding treaty negotiation and implementation in civil war contexts, with qualitative analysis of the Angolan and Mozambican civil wars. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/european-studies

Queen of Sorrows: Plague, Piety, and Power in Late Medieval Italy (Cornell University Press, 2024) by Dr. Bianca Lopez takes an original approach to both late-medieval Italian history and the history of Christianity, using quantitative and qualitative analyses of a remarkable archive of 1,904 testaments to determine patterns in giving to the Virgin of Loreto shrine in the late fourteenth and early fifteenth centuries. Dr. Lopez argues that in central Italy, as elsewhere, the cult of the Virgin Mary gained new prominence at this time of unprecedented mortality. Individuals gave to Santa Maria di Loreto, which houses the structure in which Mary is believed to have lived, as an expression of their grief in the hope of strengthening family lineages beyond death and to care for loved ones believed to be languishing in purgatory. Dr. Lopez establishes statistical correlations between different social groups and their donations to Loreto over time, uncovering informative new historical patterns such as the prominence of widow and migrant donors in the notarial record. The testaments also provide a social history of Recanati, revealing how its denizens venerated Mary as a saint with unrivaled spiritual power and uniquely sympathetic to grief, having lost her own son, Jesus. In the fourteenth century, plague survivors transformed their anguish into Marian devotion. The devastation of the plague brought the Virgin out of noble courts and monasteries and onto city streets. As Queen of Sorrows details, however, the popularity and growing wealth of Loreto's Marian shrine attracted the attention of the papacy and peninsular seigneurial lords, who eventually brought Santa Maria di Loreto under the control of the Church. This interview was conducted by Dr. Miranda Melcher whose new book focuses on post-conflict military integration, understanding treaty negotiation and implementation in civil war contexts, with qualitative analysis of the Angolan and Mozambican civil wars. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/italian-studies

Queen of Sorrows: Plague, Piety, and Power in Late Medieval Italy (Cornell University Press, 2024) by Dr. Bianca Lopez takes an original approach to both late-medieval Italian history and the history of Christianity, using quantitative and qualitative analyses of a remarkable archive of 1,904 testaments to determine patterns in giving to the Virgin of Loreto shrine in the late fourteenth and early fifteenth centuries. Dr. Lopez argues that in central Italy, as elsewhere, the cult of the Virgin Mary gained new prominence at this time of unprecedented mortality. Individuals gave to Santa Maria di Loreto, which houses the structure in which Mary is believed to have lived, as an expression of their grief in the hope of strengthening family lineages beyond death and to care for loved ones believed to be languishing in purgatory. Dr. Lopez establishes statistical correlations between different social groups and their donations to Loreto over time, uncovering informative new historical patterns such as the prominence of widow and migrant donors in the notarial record. The testaments also provide a social history of Recanati, revealing how its denizens venerated Mary as a saint with unrivaled spiritual power and uniquely sympathetic to grief, having lost her own son, Jesus. In the fourteenth century, plague survivors transformed their anguish into Marian devotion. The devastation of the plague brought the Virgin out of noble courts and monasteries and onto city streets. As Queen of Sorrows details, however, the popularity and growing wealth of Loreto's Marian shrine attracted the attention of the papacy and peninsular seigneurial lords, who eventually brought Santa Maria di Loreto under the control of the Church. This interview was conducted by Dr. Miranda Melcher whose new book focuses on post-conflict military integration, understanding treaty negotiation and implementation in civil war contexts, with qualitative analysis of the Angolan and Mozambican civil wars. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Queen of Sorrows: Plague, Piety, and Power in Late Medieval Italy (Cornell University Press, 2024) by Dr. Bianca Lopez takes an original approach to both late-medieval Italian history and the history of Christianity, using quantitative and qualitative analyses of a remarkable archive of 1,904 testaments to determine patterns in giving to the Virgin of Loreto shrine in the late fourteenth and early fifteenth centuries. Dr. Lopez argues that in central Italy, as elsewhere, the cult of the Virgin Mary gained new prominence at this time of unprecedented mortality. Individuals gave to Santa Maria di Loreto, which houses the structure in which Mary is believed to have lived, as an expression of their grief in the hope of strengthening family lineages beyond death and to care for loved ones believed to be languishing in purgatory. Dr. Lopez establishes statistical correlations between different social groups and their donations to Loreto over time, uncovering informative new historical patterns such as the prominence of widow and migrant donors in the notarial record. The testaments also provide a social history of Recanati, revealing how its denizens venerated Mary as a saint with unrivaled spiritual power and uniquely sympathetic to grief, having lost her own son, Jesus. In the fourteenth century, plague survivors transformed their anguish into Marian devotion. The devastation of the plague brought the Virgin out of noble courts and monasteries and onto city streets. As Queen of Sorrows details, however, the popularity and growing wealth of Loreto's Marian shrine attracted the attention of the papacy and peninsular seigneurial lords, who eventually brought Santa Maria di Loreto under the control of the Church. This interview was conducted by Dr. Miranda Melcher whose new book focuses on post-conflict military integration, understanding treaty negotiation and implementation in civil war contexts, with qualitative analysis of the Angolan and Mozambican civil wars. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Queen of Sorrows: Plague, Piety, and Power in Late Medieval Italy (Cornell University Press, 2024) by Dr. Bianca Lopez takes an original approach to both late-medieval Italian history and the history of Christianity, using quantitative and qualitative analyses of a remarkable archive of 1,904 testaments to determine patterns in giving to the Virgin of Loreto shrine in the late fourteenth and early fifteenth centuries. Dr. Lopez argues that in central Italy, as elsewhere, the cult of the Virgin Mary gained new prominence at this time of unprecedented mortality. Individuals gave to Santa Maria di Loreto, which houses the structure in which Mary is believed to have lived, as an expression of their grief in the hope of strengthening family lineages beyond death and to care for loved ones believed to be languishing in purgatory. Dr. Lopez establishes statistical correlations between different social groups and their donations to Loreto over time, uncovering informative new historical patterns such as the prominence of widow and migrant donors in the notarial record. The testaments also provide a social history of Recanati, revealing how its denizens venerated Mary as a saint with unrivaled spiritual power and uniquely sympathetic to grief, having lost her own son, Jesus. In the fourteenth century, plague survivors transformed their anguish into Marian devotion. The devastation of the plague brought the Virgin out of noble courts and monasteries and onto city streets. As Queen of Sorrows details, however, the popularity and growing wealth of Loreto's Marian shrine attracted the attention of the papacy and peninsular seigneurial lords, who eventually brought Santa Maria di Loreto under the control of the Church. This interview was conducted by Dr. Miranda Melcher whose new book focuses on post-conflict military integration, understanding treaty negotiation and implementation in civil war contexts, with qualitative analysis of the Angolan and Mozambican civil wars. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/christian-studies

François RecanatiPhilosophie du langage et de l'espritCollège de FranceAnnée 2024-2025Colloque - The Limits of FictionWorkshop IntroductionIntervenant(s) :François RecanatiProfesseur du Collège de FranceMerel SemeijnInstitut Jean Nicod, ENS, ParisComité d'organisation : Romain Bourdoncle, Sophie Grandsire-Rodriguez, François Recanati, Merel Semeijn.Ce colloque, en anglais, organisé par François Recanati et Merel Semeijn, réunit des chercheurs qui explorent les limites du concept de fiction, ou les limites de la fiction elle-même. Les sujets abordés incluent la distinction entre fiction et non-fiction, la différence entre croire et concevoir, l'attitude fictionnelle, la périphérie de la fiction, la résistance imaginative, les inexactitudes dans la fiction, le paradoxe de la fiction, et d'autres questions apparentées.Intervenant(s)

...y más nuevas canciones de J + 107 Faunos, Las Ligas Menores, Barbi Recanati, Bely Basarte, Restinga, Miniño + Chica Sobresalto, Unsalto, Biela, Baby Rose, Ruti y Pixies.Escuchar audio

Nicola Pesca"La biblioteca dei libri dimenticati"Mondadori Editorewww.mondadori.itLeda è una giovane donna che vuole scappare da un remoto paese di provincia per liberarsi dalle insicurezze e dai traumi che la sua famiglia le ha inflitto. Per farlo decide che l'unico modo è quello di provare a realizzare il suo sogno: aprire una piccola libreria a Venezia. Nel frattempo, un gattino nero di nome Erinni si trova sbattuto fuori dall'appartamento dove era nato e deve cominciare la sua esistenza da randagio per le calli veneziane. Spaesati e soli, Leda ed Erinni sembrano ineluttabilmente destinati a incontrarsi. La piccola libreria, però, non è come le altre, è un luogo protetto, incantato. Infatti un giorno, abbattendo un muro di mattoni, Leda scopre che nel locale è nascosta una biblioteca molto antica e particolare. I suoi scaffali ospitano i libri dimenticati, quelli perduti e gli “pseudobiblion”. Sono le opere che i grandi scrittori e le grandi scrittrici del passato hanno anche solo sognato ma non hanno mai scritto: come il seguito delle Anime morte di Gogol, il secondo libro della Poetica di Aristotele o le Odi perdute di Baudelaire. Tuttavia, la libreria non nasconde soltanto questi volumi unici e preziosi. Una sera, infatti, Leda scopre che la stanza segreta è anche un portale che le permette, notte dopo notte, di fare incontri straordinari: di passeggiare con Fëdor Dostoevskij nelle vie innevate della San Pietroburgo dell'epoca o con Giacomo Leopardi tra le stradine arroccate della Recanati di inizio Ottocento. Proprio come avrebbero fatto i loro libri, questi grandi scrittori, attraverso dialoghi profondi e toccanti, guidano Leda verso una nuova comprensione di sé, dell'amore e del senso della vita. La biblioteca dei libri dimenticati è un viaggio magico tra sogni infranti e nuovi inizi in cui le emozioni fluiscono placide come i canali tra le calli e i ponti di Venezia. Un romanzo delicato e poetico, che racconta la fragilità dell'animo umano e il potere salvifico della letteratura.Nicola Pesce (1984) vive in un bosco, legge libri e spacca legna. Innamorato della vita lenta e delle piccole cose, lavora ogni giorno attivamente per diffondere la gentilezza e l'amore per la cultura.Attraverso i suoi profili social, organizza numerose iniziative culturali. Ad esempio, nel corso del 2024, ha donato migliaia di libri a scuole, biblioteche e punti di book-crossing.Poco prima di compiere sedici anni, fondò la sua casa editrice, Edizioni NPE, diventando il più giovane editore della storia. Il successo come scrittore arriva nel 2021, con il romanzo bestseller La volpe che amava i libri, nel quale crea i personaggi Aliosha, Musoritz e Ptiza.Ama scrivere di notte, alla vecchia maniera, con una penna e un vecchio quaderno, a lume di candela, nel silenzio del suo bosco. Per Mondadori ha pubblicato La volpe che amava le piccole cose (2022) e Il sapore dell'albicocco (2023).IL POSTO DELLE PAROLEascoltare fa pensarewww.ilpostodelleparole.itDiventa un supporter di questo podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/il-posto-delle-parole--1487855/support.

François RecanatiPhilosophie du langage et de l'espritCollège de FranceAnnée 2023-2024Colloque - Transparency, Indexicality and Consciousness : Problems with RevelationColloque organisé par François Recanati, Professeur du Collège de France, chaire Philosophie du langage et de l'espritIntervenant(s)David Papineau, King's College, LondonVarious anti-physicalist arguments hinge on the idea that phenomenal concepts reveal the nature of their referents to us. I shall consider various models for this kind of phenomenal revelation and argue that none can bear the necessary argumentative weight.

François RecanatiPhilosophie du langage et de l'espritCollège de FranceAnnée 2023-2024Colloque - Transparency, Indexicality and Consciousness : The Argument from Understanding for Dualism about Experiential PropertiesColloque organisé par François Recanati, Professeur du Collège de France, chaire Philosophie du langage et de l'espritIntervenant(s)Martine Nida-Rümelin, Université de FribourgThe argument from understanding defends a dualist view about experiential properties: their nature is non-physical. The premises of the argument are (a) phenomenal essentialism (that phenomenal concepts reveal the nature of certain experiential properties), (b) that physical concepts and certain phenomenal concepts are cognitively independent, (c) that two property concepts revealing the nature of the same property cannot be cognitively independent and that (d) a property having a nature which can be revealed by a phenomenal concept but by no physical concept cannot count as a physical property.

François RecanatiPhilosophie du langage et de l'espritCollège de FranceAnnée 2023-2024Colloque - Transparency, Indexicality and Consciousness : Externalism, Transparency, and the (In)transitivity of CoordinationColloque organisé par François Recanati, Professeur du Collège de France, chaire Philosophie du langage et de l'espritIntervenant(s)Aidan Gray, University of Illinois, ChicagoFollowing recent usage, I use 'coordination' to refer to the relation that Fregeans have conceived of as sameness of sense. To a first approximation, representations are coordinated when the fact they are about the same object is transparent to their subject. Coordination is the relation that must hold between representations for it to be rational to 'trade on the identity' of their referents.In this talk, I examine the interaction between two questions:- Is coordination transitive?- What features of attitude states are shared between qualitative duplicates?My focus is Boghossian's discussion of slow-switching. The crux of Boghossian's argument is that content externalism entails that we cannot attribute coordination in certain confusion cases in which a subject is intuitively rational in trading on identity. I show that this conclusion is only forced on us if coordination is transitive. If coordination is intransitive, we can describe confused subjects in a way that respects the reference of their thoughts and the rationality of their inferences.The challenge for developing a view of this kind is to characterize the rational upshot of intransitive coordination. I develop a logical system that models this. It follows from this account that when coordination is (de facto) transitive, rational relations are classical. But when coordination is intransitive, rational relations break down in a particular way: individually valid rational transitions do not always sum to globally valid transitions.

François RecanatiPhilosophie du langage et de l'espritCollège de FranceAnnée 2023-2024Colloque - Transparency, Indexicality and Consciousness : Transparency and SolipsismColloque organisé par François Recanati, Professeur du Collège de France, chaire Philosophie du langage et de l'espritIntervenant(s)Giovanni Merlo, Université de GenèveAccording to Phenomenal Transparency, experiencing a phenomenal property puts one is in a position to acquire knowledge of its essence. In this paper, I will argue that Phenomenal Transparency risks forcing upon us a species of solipsism according to which one is, necessarily, the sole bearer of phenomenal properties. If Phenomenal Transparency holds, having a painful experience puts one in a position to know that pain is THIS (where 'THIS' is a phenomenal concept that captures the essence of pain). The solipsist who endorses Phenomenal Transparency claims to be entitled to a reading of 'THIS' whereby THIS does not occur unless one is pain oneself. By their lights, then, it turns out to belong to the essence of pain that pain never occurs in others. After examining some unsuccessful attempts to delegitimize the solipsist's reading of 'THIS', I will suggest that – unless we are willing to deny Phenomenal Transparency altogether – we may want to come to terms with the solipsist's conclusion in the framework of a more general rethinking of the metaphysics of the phenomenal.

François RecanatiPhilosophie du langage et de l'espritCollège de FranceAnnée 2023-2024Colloque - Transparency, Indexicality and Consciousness : A Conceivability Argument for AtheismColloque organisé par François Recanati, Professeur du Collège de France, chaire Philosophie du langage et de l'espritIntervenant(s)Philip Goff, Durham UniversityIf God exists necessarily and is essentially conscious, then there is a conscious being in every possible world. However, it is conceivable that nothing is conscious, which perhaps gives us reason to think that it's possible that nothing is conscious and hence that there are no necessarily existent essentially conscious beings. On the other hand, God's existence seems conceivable, which perhaps gives us reason to think that God is possible, which seems to entail that God exist in all possible worlds (given that God by definition does not exist contingently). I will argue that reflection on these arguments has important lessons for modal rationalism – the view that conceivability and possibility are linked in interesting ways – in particular the form of modal rationalism which links conceivability to possibility via transparent concepts. Ultimately, I will argue there could be a necessary being, but that if there is one, then its nature is beyond human understanding, because everything we can conceive of is possibly non-existent.

François RecanatiPhilosophie du langage et de l'espritCollège de FranceAnnée 2023-2024Colloque - Transparency, Indexicality and Consciousness : A Moderate Proposal for Privileged AccessColloque organisé par François Recanati, Professeur du Collège de France, chaire Philosophie du langage et de l'espritIntervenant(s)Katalin Farkas, Central European UniversityI argue that there is good reason to deny that first person access to our conscious states is omniscient, infallible, incorrigible, or reveals their essence. Yet first person access is still privileged compared to third person access. In this talk, I explore the sense of this moderate privilege.

François RecanatiPhilosophie du langage et de l'espritCollège de FranceAnnée 2023-2024Colloque - Transparency, Indexicality and Consciousness : Transparency PrinciplesColloque organisé par François Recanati, Professeur du Collège de France, chaire Philosophie du langage et de l'espritIntervenant(s)Paul Boghossian, New York UniversityI will look at the transparency principles that have been proposed, at the relations between them, and at the role that they play in arguments for and against various weighty philosophical positions.

François RecanatiPhilosophie du langage et de l'espritCollège de FranceAnnée 2023-2024Colloque - Transparency, Indexicality and Consciousness : IntroductionColloque organisé par François Recanati, Professeur du Collège de France, chaire Philosophie du langage et de l'espritCette conférence, organisée en partenariat avec l'université de Fribourg dans le cadre du projet ANR-FNS « Essential Indexicality and Thoughts about Experience » (ANR-22-CE93-0004), interrogera les relations entre trois grands thèmes de la philosophie contemporaine du langage et de l'esprit : le problème que l'indexicalité mentale pose dans une théorie de la pensée, le problème que la conscience phénoménale crée pour le matérialisme, et les différentes thèses de transparence sur la connaissance de soi et sur l'accès en première personne aux contenus mentaux.

François RecanatiPhilosophie du langage et de l'espritCollège de FranceAnnée 2023-2024Colloque - Transparency, Indexicality and Consciousness : Transparency and A Posteriori PhysicalismColloque organisé par François Recanati, Professeur du Collège de France, chaire Philosophie du langage et de l'espritIntervenant(s)Gregory Bochner, Collège de FranceAccording to a posteriori physicalism, the apparent gap between consciousness and the physical world has its source not in the nature of consciousness (ontological gap), but only in features of the concepts we use to think about our conscious experiences (epistemic gap). It would be true that phenomenal consciousness is physical, but this would be knowable only a posteriori, due to the semantics of phenomenal concepts. While a posteriori physicalism thus postulates that the link between phenomenal and physical knowledge is in some sense opaque, Kripke had argued that phenomenal knowledge should in some sense be transparent, and recent objections to a posteriori physicalism draw on the Kripkean thesis of transparency. In this talk, I seek to disentangle two relevant transparency theses on behalf of the a posteriori physicalist: the comparative transparency of mental content ("Boghossian's transparency") (Frege, Boghossian) and the thesis that phenomenal concepts reveal the essence of the experience they denote ("revelation") (Kripke, Chalmers, Nida-Rümelin, Goff). In a first part, I present my own compatibilist response to the conflict between externalism and Boghossian's transparency. The "pragmatic two-dimensionalism" it involves – which combines ideas from Lewis, Stalnaker, and Recanati – rejects the (Fregean) claim, common to all brands of what I call "classical two-dimensionalism," that what plays the role of mode of presentation is also what fixes reference. In a second part, I compare the roles of the two transparency theses in the knowledge argument and related cases. I argue that Boghossian's transparency plays a neglected yet essential role in epistemic arguments against physicalism. The most fundamental conflict these arguments highlight is really one between Boghossian's transparency, classical two-dimensionalism, and a posteriori physicalism. In the third and final part, I argue that classical two-dimensionalism (and the way it forces us to pose the problems) is the culprit. It becomes possible to maintain Boghossian's transparency and a posteriori physicalism once we endorse the pragmatic sort of two-dimensionalism I advertize.

François RecanatiPhilosophie du langage et de l'espritCollège de FranceAnnée 2023-2024Colloque - Transparency, Indexicality and Consciousness : Inserted Thought and the Phenomenal-Concept Approach to De Se ThoughtsColloque organisé par François Recanati, Professeur du Collège de France, chaire Philosophie du langage et de l'espritIntervenant(s)Marie Guillot, Université de NanterreI will use the clinical phenomenon of thought insertion as a test case for a comparison between some of the available accounts of the concept of self we use in de se thoughts, namely those thoughts we would most naturally express using the word "I". According to token-reflexive accounts, which are in some respects the most straightforward approach, de se thoughts involve a certain type of descriptive concept referring to the subject as, roughly, "the thinker of this very thought" (Higginbotham 2003, Howell 2006, García-Carpintero 2016). Inserted thoughts, I claim, are evidence against this approach. Patients with thought insertion report thoughts occurring in their stream of consciousness, but which they don't recognize as their own. On the reasonable assumption that a certain kind of epistemic transparency about the content of our own thoughts applies, this phenomenon (in subjects who are otherwise rational) warrants treating "the thinker of this very thought is thinking P" and "I am thinking P" as involving different (although co-referential) semantic contents, pace the token-reflexivist. I will suggest that thought insertion might also prove a problem case for what may be called non-egological accounts, according to which (at least some) de se thoughts do not involve an explicit representation of the self at all, but stem instead from a distinctive kind of cognitive architecture (Lewis 1979, Ninan 2013, Recanati 2007, Musholt 2013). I'll go on to argue that inserted thoughts are more easily accommodated within a third type of account. According to phenomenal accounts, (at least some) de se thoughts are anchored in phenomenal experience (Grünbaum 2012; Kapitan 2015) or, more specifically, involve a dedicated phenomenal concept (Guillot 2023). This approach is better placed to explain the difference between genuine de se thinking, and accidentally reflexive thoughts associated with thought insertion, thanks to the appeal to a substantive and distinctive source of awareness of the self which there is reason to think delusional patients may lack.

François RecanatiPhilosophie du langage et de l'espritCollège de FranceAnnée 2023-2024Colloque - Transparency, Indexicality and Consciousness : Transparency and Phenomenal Structure in Phenomenological Reflection Colloque organisé par François Recanati, Professeur du Collège de France, chaire Philosophie du langage et de l'espritIntervenant(s)Julien Bugnon, Université de Fribourg & LOGOSLet a property concept be transparent if and only if a thinker who has acquired such a concept is in a position to fully understand the nature of the property it is a concept of. Proponents of phenomenal transparency contend that at least some phenomenal concepts are transparent concepts. Yet they also typically make use of an additional claim when arguing against physicalism: two distinct transparent concepts of one and the same property will not be cognitively independent – that is, a thinker possessing two such concepts should in principle be able to discover a priori that they pick out the same property. This has a straightforward implication for the phenomenal concepts we form: we should be in a position to know a priori whether two of our transparent phenomenal concepts are coextensive or not. I discuss the consequences of that last claim for the view that we can form structural transparent phenomenal concepts by understanding how a given phenomenal property is embedded into a particular phenomenal structure. Moreover, this discussion has wider implications for the nature and a priori status of phenomenological reflection, conceived as a form of reflection on our own conscious experiences in order to achieve knowledge about the structure of human consciousness in general.

François RecanatiPhilosophie du langage et de l'espritCollège de FranceAnnée 2023-2024Colloque - Indexical Dynamics : Now and Then: The Dynamics of Self-Locating BeliefsColloque organisé par François Recanati, Professeur du Collège de France, chaire Philosophie du langage et de l'espritIntervenant(s)Matheus Valente, University of Barcelona (LOGOS) & University of ValenciaIt's often said within epistemology circles that self-locating beliefs about now and then change in peculiar ways incompatible with traditional Bayesian update rules, and so, that these beliefs are epistemically exceptional. The point is clear enough when we consider subjects who lose track of time - e.g. Rip van Winkle (Kaplan 1989) - and even clearer when some funny business with their memories are added to the equation, as in the famous story of Sleeping Beauty (Elga 2000). But that's like killing a fly with a bulldozer, after all, the dynamics of self-locating beliefs seems exceptional even when attention is restricted to idealised agents that are assumed to never forget any information nor to lose track of time. Such is the case of Chronos, an omniscient god in a deterministic world who not only knows the complete history of her universe but is never uncertain about what time it is. Since Chronos is de dicto omniscient, her beliefs are always entirely concentrated on one possible world. Since she's self-locating omniscient, her self-locating beliefs are, at any given time, concentrated on a single temporal location. Though Chronos is never uncertain about anything, it appears that she must be constantly shifting her self-locating beliefs just to keep up with time: when the present time is n, she believes 'now is n', a moment later when it's n+1, she instead believes 'now is n+1' etc. To use Evans' (1982) metaphor, self-locating beliefs seem to require us to run to keep still. Call the peculiar type of dynamics that even omniscient gods must subject their self-locating beliefs to Shifting (Arntzenius 2003; Bradley (2011) calls it 'Belief Mutation'; Recanati (2016) calls it 'conversion').To account for Shifting we need to explain why Chronos knows at n that she'll believe 'now is n+1' at n+1 but still refrains from presently believing it. In other words, we need to explain why self- locating beliefs violate van Frassen's (1984) Reflection Principle which holds that we ought to defer to our future selves as experts (under the assumption that their epistemic standing is at least as good as our current one). One way to do so favoured by the majority of epistemologist is to countenance tensed propositions whose truth-values change with time (Titelbaum 2013, p. 171-278). Another way is to hold that the passage of time changes what times/events subjects are acquainted with, which then changes which de re beliefs they can hold at each time. The first camp holds that self-locating beliefs are epistemically special because their truth is tensed. The second camp holds that they so are because their accessibility is tensed. Given how easily this argument seems to roll off the tongue, one wonders whether the last decade of debates with sceptics like Cappelen & Dever (2013) and Magidor (2015) would have taken a different shape if more focus had been given to self-locating beliefs involving instead of to de se beliefs involving 'I'.But there's an issue. Some epistemologists hold that Shifting is a particularly type of sterile belief update: when the only change in a subject's belief across times is due to Shifting, it's never rational for that subject to revise her de dicto beliefs. As Titelbaum (2013, 233) remarks, it's intuitive that "finding oneself passing through the world in exactly the way one was certain one was going to shouldn't change one's opinions about what that world is like". This suggests a different view where Shifting is not taken to be a type of belief change but instead of belief retention, a view which Prosser (2005) calls 'the Frege-Evans dynamic theory'. On that approach, Chronos never changes any of her beliefs, and the permutations of indexicals which arise in virtue of the passage of time - now 'now', then 'then' - are really just ways of expressing a single persisting dynamic belief. If the Frege-Evans dynamic theory is tenable, we'd lose one important reason to think that self-locating beliefs are epistemically exceptional. This is so because, as I'll argue, the only puzzling cases that they would still give rise to would be ones where subjects' epistemic states become deteriorated across time due to cognitive mishaps like failures of memory or of one's tracking/discriminatory capacities. Since nobody doubts that weird things happen when our cognitive powers deteriorate, the problem of cognitive dynamics turns out to pertain less about self-locating beliefs per se than about the unsurprising fact that cognitively deteriorated subjects are epistemically exceptional. If the Frege-Evans dynamic view can be upheld would thus have significant implications. Whether this can be done ultimately depends on what we should say about the interplay between self- location and rational action. Consider a temporal variant of Perry's famous bear attack case: Chronos intends to whistle once at all odd times and twice at all even times. Since Chronos acts differently as time passes, it seems that we must conclude that doxastic states coordinated by nothing but Shifting really change. Can the Frege-Evans dynamic view accommodate the fact that a single persisting dynamic belief might lead to distinct actions at distinct times? My main objective in this talk is to motivate an affirmative answer. My hypothesis is that rational "changes" due only to Shifting are just as questionably a real type of change as corresponding "changes" in self-locating beliefs, and so, that the Frege-Evans dynamic view can be applied to the realm of reasons, intentions, and decision theory, just as well as it can be applied to the realm of belief and confirmation. The outcome is that when a subject's epistemic state changes only by Shifting, both their beliefs and their reasons/intentions can be said to remain stable regardless of their distinct (respective) linguistic and practical manifestations. To cash this out, I first defuse a set of cases which have taken some to think that Shifting can by itself require a revision of de dicto beliefs (Arntzenius' (2003) Prisoner, Elga's (2000) Sleeping Beauty, Shaw's (2019) forgetful god Lethe, and Topey's (forthcoming) hypoxia-affected Aisha), and argue that Shifting isn't the culprit of these cases' peculiar features. Then, I'll draw a parallel between the Frege-Evans dynamic view and recent work in the philosophy of action which holds that the distinction between intentions for the future and intentions for the present is ill-motivated (McDowell 2011, Brozzo 2021). These two philosophical debates bear promising structural analogies that have only recently started to be acknowledged. I'll deploy this analogy to argue that (1) the Frege-Evans dynamic view allows us to demystify the cognitive dynamics of self-locating beliefs, and so, that the epistemic exceptionality of self-locating beliefs must reside elsewhere (if it resides anywhere at all) and (2) that this view's credentials can be defended by showing how it fits with an independently plausible picture of how rational agents act on the basis of intentions formed at times prior to the action's execution.

François RecanatiPhilosophie du langage et de l'espritCollège de FranceAnnée 2023-2024Colloque - Indexical Dynamics : An Occasion-Sensitive Account of the Indexical DynamicsColloque organisé par François Recanati, Professeur du Collège de France, chaire Philosophie du langage et de l'espritIntervenant(s)Carlos Mario Márquez Sosa, Federal University of ABC/UFABCLudovic Soutif, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de JaneiroAs is well-known, Travis and his followers have argued that the individuation of thoughts is an occasion-sensitive matter (Travis 2000, 2017; Dobler 2020; see also Putnam 2002). This means that the semantic and cognitive individuation of thought-contents varies across occasions of use, the number of thought-contents expressed being relative to what is deemed more rational to understand on such and such occasions (that is, ultimately, to the agent's plans and interests). The thesis is more radical than it seems, though. It is not just a thesis about the variable (semantic or cognitive) availability of thoughts at a time or over time. It claims, more importantly, that there is no principled reason to favor one way to count thought-contents over the other (as one and the same or as two different thought-contents), because what is deemed more rational to understand on one occasion of use need not be what is deemed more rational to understand on another occasion of use. An obvious consequence of the thesis is that the way the problem of cognitive dynamics is usually put in the literature (see Kaplan 1989: 537-8) fails to capture the phenomenon in its full complexity, for its very formulation assumes that there is a principled way to individuate indexical thoughts (beliefs) over time either semantically (via a function from contexts to contents and from contents to extensions) or cognitively (via Kaplanian characters), or both. It also assumes (wrongly, in our view) that a solution to the problem of cognitive dynamics can be provided in general terms, regardless of what is deemed more rational to understand in the specific occasions appealed to in the standard formulation of the problem.Our talk is an attempt not only to unearth unwarranted assumptions made in the literature regarding the problem of the cognitive dynamics of indexical thoughts, but also to sketch an occasion-sensitive local solution to the problem understood in its full complexity. In our view, indexical thoughts are individuated locally, given the subject's ability to relate (at least two) occasions of use with respect to her plans and interests. Such thoughts are the outcome of dynamic and situated abilities exercised through a series of occasions that are or aren't part of the subject's rational plan. Our account will be, accordingly, sketched along the following lines: the subject's sensibility to the relation between occasions of use can give rise to the individuation of a single indexical thought, when the occasions are understood (by her) as part of a single rational plan. Otherwise, when the occasions are not related in this way, it gives rise to the individuation of different thoughts.

François RecanatiPhilosophie du langage et de l'espritCollège de FranceAnnée 2023-2024Colloque - Indexical Dynamics : Cognitive Dynamics as Mental Vehicle Identity: A Parity Argument from PolysemyColloque organisé par François Recanati, Professeur du Collège de France, chaire Philosophie du langage et de l'espritIntervenant(s)Michael Murez, Université de NantesAccording to Fregean theories, thinking the same thought requires thinking not only about the same referent, but also thinking about it in the same way, under the same concept. Fregean theories face 'Schiffer's Puzzle' (Schiffer, 2005; Buchanan, 2016), i.e., some thoughts have what Schiffer calls "the relativity feature": "[their] entertainment requires different people, or the same person at different times, to think of [the same referent] in different ways" (Schiffer, 2005: 138). Paradigmatic examples are provided by 'cognitive dynamics' (Kaplan, 1989): A thinker thinks of some day as "today", a day passes, and the same thinker, keeping track of time, now thinks of the same day as "yesterday". The thinker is disposed to reason diachronically according to a pattern known as 'trading on coreference' (Campbell, 1988), which is often taken to indicate redeployment of the same concept. Yet it is tempting to say that the concepts expressed by "today" and "yesterday" are different, since they play different cognitive roles. According to Schiffer (2005: 149), "[i]t's clear the Fregean theory can't accommodate the relativity feature", because contra (e.g.,) Frege (1956 [1918]) and Evans (1981), there is no plausible account of what the concept which remains the same cross-contextually, and is expressed by different indexicals, is supposed to be. Against Schiffer and others, I defend a broadly Fregean position, which allows for diachronic identity between concepts, despite changes in (many aspects of) cognitive role and means of linguistic expression. I argue that such a position is independently motivated if, unlike traditional Fregeans, we identify concepts not with elements of content, but with 'robust' mental vehicles (Reference omitted for review). Concepts so construed are not individuated by the thinker's conception of their referent (the properties and relations they represent it as instantiating). My basic strategy for responding to Schiffer's puzzle is Fodorian in spirit (Fodor, 1990: 167): changes in a thinker's global inferential/behavioral dispositions across contexts trace back to aspects of their broader psychological state, which are not individuative of their concepts. They correspond to conceptional rather than conceptual change. This reply to Schiffer's Puzzle faces at least three objections: i) it seems to require conceptual atomism, which is unpopular; ii) it takes at face value the possibility of diachronic trading on coreference, which is controversial (e.g., Recanati, 2021); iii) it conflicts with the plausible principle that concepts themselves change along with modes of reference determination.In response, I will argue that i) my position is compatible with a plausible molecularist view of concepts; ii) diachronic trading on coreference based on enduring concepts, even granting it is unnecessary for assessments of rationality, is required for psychological explanation, and non-negotiable for vehicularists about concepts; iii) the empirical hypothesis that cognitive dynamics involves mere conceptional change is supported by a parity argument from cases which, I argue, analogously involve 'trading on coreference' despite change in modes of reference determination. The relevant cases, which to my knowledge have yet to be brought to bear on issues surrounding cognitive dynamics, involve regularly polysemous expressions, such as "bottle", which can mean a container or its contents. These expressions support cross-meaning anaphora, such as "Haddock gulped down the bottlei and tossed iti overboard" (Ortega-Andrés & Vicente, 2019; Quilty-Dunn, 2021). The overall shape of my argument is that there are strong benefits to analyzing such cases as involving the relativity feature and conceptual identity, and there are strong costs to rejecting a parallel treatment of prototypical cases of cognitive dynamics involving indexicals. Thus, we should adopt a unified treatment of all such cases in terms of concept/mental vehicle identity.

François RecanatiPhilosophie du langage et de l'espritCollège de FranceAnnée 2023-2024Colloque - Indexical Dynamics : Indexical Dynamics : Belief Retention and Cognitive SignificanceColloque organisé par François Recanati, Professeur du Collège de France, chaire Philosophie du langage et de l'espritIntervenant(s)Vojislav Bozickovic, University of BelgradeIn relation to Frege's claim that one can express the same thought today by means of 'yesterday' that one expressed yesterday by means of 'today', Perry remarks:But should the Thought be the same? The belief expressed by "The midterm elections be today" on Tuesday motivates responsible citizens to go to the polls. The belief expressed by "The midterm elections be yesterday" on Wednesday will not motivate responsible voters to go to the polls. It seems the cognitive significance of the beliefs are different (Perry, J., Revisiting the Essential Indexical, 2020, 51-52).In contrast with this, Kaplan, who once held a similar view claims:I may be tracking the passing days very carefully. I became acquainted with the day yesterday and expressed that way of being acquainted in my use of 'today'. Assuming no recognition or tracking failures and no memory failures, I should be able to continue to have the day in mind in the same way today, though of course I will refer to it as 'yesterday'. Here we see, …, that the cognitive significance of an utterance should not be identified with linguistic meaning… We need to leave linguistic meaning and turn to industrial-strength ways of having in mind to give a proper analysis of the notions in this area. (Kaplan, 'An idea of Donnellan', 2012, 138).In following Kaplan in that we need to turn to industrial-strength ways of having in mind since, inter alia, it is not obvious what relation between the utterances of 'today' and 'yesterday' must obtain in order to ensure the internal continuity that constitutes retaining the original belief (Kaplan, Demonstratives 1989, 537, n. 64), I argue that ways of having in mind are best spelt out in terms of (neo-)Fregean persisting modes of presentation. True, this makes them short of being explanatory of the subject's behaviour as something they are supposed to do. But, neither are, or so I shall argue, the linguistic meanings of 'today' as 'yesterday' – as alternative contenders for being the bearers of cognitive significance – fit for this role, so much emphasized by Perry. As a result, the thought that is expressed stays the same through the change of context, "despite lower-level differences" (Evans, G., The Varieties of Reference, 196).

François RecanatiPhilosophie du langage et de l'espritCollège de FranceAnnée 2023-2024Colloque - Indexical Dynamics : Indexical Dynamics and Composite Modes of PresentationColloque organisé par François Recanati, Professeur du Collège de France, chaire Philosophie du langage et de l'espritIntervenant(s)Víctor M. Verdejo, Pompeu Fabra UniversityWith roots in Frege's famous remarks (1956, 296), reflection on Rip van Winkle's fantastic story has played a key role in the philosophical study of indexical dynamics (Kaplan 1989, Perry 1997, Branquinho 2008, Ludlow 2019). Consider now the Reverse van Winkle case: Rip van Winkle falls asleep at time t and, while he feels like it's been a very long slumber, only a few seconds have actually passed when he wakes up at time t'. Suppose Rip van Winkle utters "Today is fine" both at t and t' but, while he fully accepts the associated thought at t, he hesitates at t'. The Reverse van Winkle case shows that, if we accept the 'Intuitive Criterion of Difference' (Evans 1982), a particular understanding of the relation between indexicality and thought is wrongheaded. According to this 'linguistic' view, indexicality is a property of linguistic terms only and these terms express thoughts relative to a particular context. If this view were correct, sameness of context of utterance, indexical expression and reference should guarantee sameness of thought. However, the target case shows that the same (day-based) indexical term – "today" – and the same relevant context to refer to the same day may involve conflicting rational attitudes, and hence different thoughts. The case can be raised even if one doesn't accept (contra Perry 1997: 35-38 or Ludlow 2019: 72-75) that the first "today"-thought at t is remembered at t'. One only requires that Rip, at t', doesn't change his mind with respect to the thought expressed at t (cf. Kaplan 1989: 537-538). We should not however haste to embrace the view that indexicality is an essential aspect of thought. If this were so, it should be possible for thoughts to be indexically individuated. Yet sometimes, as the (Reverse) van Winkle case illustrates, thoughts expressed with (same or different) indexicals change with contexts and sometimes they don't. What should be done? To analyse the target case, I will invoke a "composite mode of presentation", i.e. "a mode of presentation that, although 'static', i.e. deployed at a given time in thinking of the object, rests on distinct simultaneous relations to the object, and on distinct ways of gaining information (distinct information channels) based on these relations" (Recanati, forthcoming; see also Dickie & Rattan 2010, Recanati 2016). Thus, in the Reverse van Winkle scenario, at t', Rip takes recourse to two different modes of presentation (MOPs) of a particular day, one based on memory or awareness of it before falling asleep, and one based on his direct awareness of the day in question. While one would typically merge these MOPs into one composite MOP to think and reason, indexically, about a day, Rip van Winkle fails to do so because of his especial predicament. Rip van Winkle has different thoughts, based on different MOPs. But these MOPs would typically constitute one and the same composite MOP in normal circumstances. More needs to be said, however, to fully characterize the cases in which composite MOPs based on different primitive MOPs of a referent are indeed available. My proposal is that this happens when the thinker is aware of the co-referentiality of primitive MOPs. Such awareness – which can be spelled out in a number of ways – may link very different indexical and demonstrative MOPs (perceptual, testimonial, memory-based...). However, composite MOPs need not be restricted to thought expressible with indexicals or demonstratives, and may carry over to any co-referential singular and general terms. This suggests a view in which the MOPs associated with indexicals are correctly attributed to the thought itself, but where such MOPs are not so different from conventional, non-indexical MOPs. Finally, while the awareness of co-reference signals the presence of a composite MOP, there is a sense in which composite MOPs may be acknowledged whether or not a thinker – such as Rip van Winkel – is aware of the co-referentiality of their constituent MOPs. This is also the sense in which different subjects unaware of one another may express the very same thought via different utterances of "Today is fine" on the same day.

François RecanatiPhilosophie du langage et de l'espritCollège de FranceAnnée 2023-2024Colloque - Indexical Dynamics : Indexicality's Minor Role in ThoughtColloque organisé par François Recanati, Professeur du Collège de France, chaire Philosophie du langage et de l'espritIntervenant(s)David Papineau, King's College, LondonI shall appeal to teleological considerations to argue that there are no elements in thought that are simultaneously indexical and file-like. So-called perceptual demonstratives are particularly interesting in this respect.

François RecanatiPhilosophie du langage et de l'espritCollège de FranceAnnée 2023-2024Colloque - Indexical Dynamics : Dynamic Content and the Prospects for a Three-level Account of ContentColloque organisé par François Recanati, Professeur du Collège de France, chaire Philosophie du langage et de l'espritIntervenant(s)Bernardo Marques, ENS de ParisIn recent decades, a compelling factor contributing to the popularity of referentialist accounts lies in their apparent ability to reconcile their main tenets with Frege's original insights about cognitive significance. To achieve this integration, numerous referential accounts have embraced a two-level understanding of content, exemplified by Perry's articulation of a division between 'reflexive' and 'referential' content. (Kaplan, 1978; Perry, 1977; Recanati, 1993)The primary challenge faced by these accounts is commonly known as the 'cognitive dynamics' problem (Evans, 1981; Kaplan, 1989). At its core, this challenge involves the task of elucidating how an individual can maintain a propositional attitude amidst changes in spatial or temporal locations, all the while employing distinct indexical terms (Prosser, 2005). Two-dimensional approaches, as advocated by Kaplan, Recanati and Perry, appear to falter in the face of this challenge, as they contend that each indexical term possesses a distinct character, and this character, in turn, determines the psychological role of thoughts and is equated with the mode of presentation. (Prosser, 2019) This has convinced many theorists that a solution to the challenge of cognitive dynamics must individuate a singular mode of presentation in a way that does not dependent on a particular indexical term.Throughout my paper, my goal is to address this difficulty through the distinction of three levels of content for any utterance. I posit the hypothesis that an additional level of content can resolve certain issues for which a two-level account seems insufficient. I support this claim with two categories of motivations — historical and explanatory. Historically, I draw attention to the notable resemblance between the two-level framework proposed by Perry, Kaplan, and Recanati and the three-level model pioneered by Peirce. Peirce's three-level account distinguishes an immediate, a dynamic, and a final interpretant (Atkin, 2008). This leads me to establish a parallel between Peirce's immediate and final interpretant and Perry's reflexive and referential content, respectively. Additionally, I also notice the absence in Perry's framework of an equivalent to Peirce's dynamic interpretant.In this paper, I argue that Peirce's notion of dynamic interpretant offers a compelling starting point for addressing the problem of cognitive dynamics within a referentialist framework. Since two- dimensional accounts fall short in fixating a singular mode of presentation for different indexes amidst changes in spatial and temporal location that express the same propositional attitude, I propose that this explanatory gap can be filled by a dynamic content. I define 'dynamic content' as a type of content that captures the perspectival features of a subject, corresponding to a contextual instantiation at a personal level. Therefore, in a dynamical situation, even if the characters differ due to the use of different indexes, the modes of presentations are not necessarily different. This is because the dynamic content remains the same, suggesting that both the character and the dynamic content contribute to determine the psychological role of thought and the mode of presentation. In this sense, I argue that the dynamic content provides the required resources to address the challenge of cognitive dynamics.

François RecanatiPhilosophie du langage et de l'espritCollège de FranceAnnée 2023-2024Colloque - Indexical Dynamics : Ephemeral Episodes, Durable ContentsColloque organisé par François Recanati, Professeur du Collège de France, chaire Philosophie du langage et de l'espritIntervenant(s)Maria de Ponte Azkarate, University of the Basque CountryKepa Korta, University of the Basque CountryIn this paper I discuss two approaches to certain context-sensitive cognitive episodes, focusing on temporal indexicals and tense. The first approach is David Kaplan's (1979, 1989). The second is the reflexive-referential approach used by Korta and Perry in Critical Pragmatics (2011). I argue for the second approach.I take utterances and beliefs to be cognitive episodes: Things or events that occur in space and time, that have cognitive contents, and have causes and effects (Perry, 2019, 2020, de Ponte, Korta and Perry, 2023). I consider what seems to be an issue of detail. On Kaplan's approach, contexts are sets, quadruples of a speaker, time, location and world, and episodes (utterances) do not appear in the theory, but are modeled by pairs of expressions and contexts. An expression has a character (meaning); an expression-in-context has a content (proposition or component thereof.) On the reflexive-referential theory, episodes appear in the theory; they are what the theory is about. Speaker-of, time-of, and location-of are roles, that is, functions from an episode to the object that stands in the appropriate relation.I argue that this difference is more significant that it might seem. The reflexive-referential theory inherits a key insight of Kaplan's theory, and of John Perry's earlier view: the distinction between different ways in which information can be discovered, believed and asserted. But the inclusion of episodes has several advantages. First, it has advantages for understanding the relation between the content of cognitive episodes, their causal roles and their cognitive significance. Second, it accounts for —and makes use of— the fact that episodes have many other properties in addition to having speakers, locations, and times, that can be relevant to understanding their cognitive significance. Reflexive-referential theory has its roots on Frege (and Russell), but it supposes a clear departure from his views (its starting point is Perry's (1979) rejection of the doctrine of propositions, defended by Frege and Russell). I believe, however, that it is actually more amiable to Frege's program than the interpretation given by the so-called neo-Fregeans (most notably, Evans, 1981). In particular, I argue that the issue of cognitive dynamics can be dealt with in the reflexive- referential account.

When you think about cultivated meat, Thailand isn't exactly the first country that comes to mind. Sure, you may think about the US, Netherlands, Israel, and Singapore. But the Southeast Asian kingdom is where Israeli cultivated meat juggernaut Aleph Farms recently announced its first commercial factory will be.  Having just received Israel's first regulatory approval to sell cultivated meat—and the world's first regulatory approval for cultivated beef in particular—Aleph Farms CEO Didier Toubia discusses his company's rollout strategy with me in this conversation. As you'll hear, Aleph wants to start by selling limited quantities in Israel within 2024, but the company intends to operate its first plant in Thailand with what Didier calls an “asset light” pilot facility capable of producing 1,000 tons a year. For those of you who aren't mathletes, that's about two million pounds of finished cultivated meat product—”finished” meaning finished goods that are a hybrid of animal cells and plant-based ingredients as well. Of course, two million pounds is a vast quantity compared to the volume of cultivated meat that's been produced thus far, but it's not even a rounding error in Asia's meat demand, let alone global meat demand. So how long will it be before Didier thinks the cultivated meat sector will make a real dent in animal meat demand? You can hear his answer in this episode! Despite negative headlines surrounding the space lately, Didier claims he's more optimistic than ever before about his prospects for success, and that he's still fighting to have $1 billion in revenue within the next 10 years. You can hear him explain why he thinks that's realistic in this conversation.  Discussed in this episode This episode is the fifth in a multi-part podcast series on cultivated meat. The previous four episodes include Eat Just, Fork & Good, Mosa Meat, and New Harvest. We discussed Aleph Farms and the impact of the 10/7 Hamas massacre in Israel in our recent episode with Kitchen CEO Jonathan Berger. Aleph Farms' recent announcement to move to set up shop in Thailand, partnering with Fermbox Bio. Didier attended The Better Meat Co.'s Night Under the Fermenters. The global meat market is worth about $1.5 trillion. Didier's recent Fast Company op-ed explaining his regret about cultivated meat timeline predictions. More about Didier Toubia Didier Toubia is the Co-Founder and CEO of Aleph Farms. He's a Food Engineer and Biologist who led two medical device companies and co-invented over 40 patent families; Co-Founder and CEO of IceCure – went public in 2010, and CEO of NLT Spine – acquired by SeaSpine in 2016. He was trained at AgroSup in Dijon, France, and was awarded with a specialized masters degree from ESCP Business School. Didier holds a joint Executive MBA degree from the Kellogg and Recanati business schools, USA and Israel.

Flavio Caroli"Storia sentimentale dell'arte"Un'educazione alla bellezzaSolferino Libriwww.solferinolibri.itll primo incontro con la magia dell'arte avviene a sei anni, complice il regalo di una scatola di pastelli e l'ingenuo tentativo di un ragazzo di imitare La gazza di Monet circondata dalla neve. Flavio Caroli ripercorre la storia dell'arte attraverso la sua personale biografia, le tappe di studioso e di uomo. A ogni fase della vita corrisponde un dipinto, un artista e una stagione creativa che l'autore ricostruisce e racconta in queste pagine con fascino, erudizione e acutezza.A diciassette anni la visita a Recanati sulle orme di Leopardi lo conduce alla «rivelazione» dell'Annunciazione di Lorenzo Lotto e del suo genio ineffabile; il momento più importante nel primo anno di università coincide con l'inaugurazione della Biennale di Venezia: la pop art sbarca in Europa, è il 1964 e Rauschenberg diventa un nuovo punto di riferimento. Nel 1972 nello studio di un antiquario di Ravenna, assistiamo alla scoperta casuale di una Madonna con bambino firmato da Lucia Anguissola (sorella della più nota Sofonisba) cui seguiranno anni di approfondimenti mentre l'opera scompare misteriosamente. Il percorso è ampio e ricco di capolavori e riflessioni, dalla Lezione di anatomia di Rembrandt alle tele di Pollock, da Rubens a Savoldo, da Grechetto aCézanne, da Caravaggio a Hockney. E l'esito finale prefigura un'ideale, affascinante, educazione sentimentale dello sguardo.Flavio Caroli, storico dell'arte moderna e contemporanea, ha dedicato i suoi studi alla linea introspettiva dell'arte occidentale, con molte pubblicazioni, fra cui: Leonardo. Studi di fisiognomica (1991, 2015), Lorenzo Lotto e la nascita della psicologia moderna (1975, 1980), Sofonisba Anguissola e le sue sorelle (1987), Fede Galizia (1989), Giuseppe Bazzani. L'opera completa (1988), L'anima e il volto (1998), Arte d'Oriente Arte d'Occidente (2006), Il volto di Gesù (2008), Il volto e l'anima della natura (2009), Il volto dell'amore (2011), Il volto dell'Occidente (2012), Anime e volti. L'arte dalla psicologia alla psicoanalisi (2014), Con gli occhi dei maestri (2015), Il museo dei capricci. 200 quadri da rubare (2016), Storia di artisti e di bastardi (2017), L'arte italiana in quindici weekend e mezzo (2018), Elogio della modernità (2019), La grande corsa dell'arte europea (2020) e I sette pilastri dell'arte di oggi (2021).IL POSTO DELLE PAROLEascoltare fa pensarewww.ilpostodelleparole.itDiventa un supporter di questo podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/il-posto-delle-parole--1487855/support.

Giulia Corsalini"La condizione della memoria"Guanda Editorewww.guanda.itUn borgo del centro Italia dove le tracce di un tempo sono racchiuse nei bei palazzi derelitti, nei giardini in penombra e nelle strade assolate ormai disertate. Qui la madre di Anna ha vissuto quando era bambina. Qui torna un'estate, per trascorrere con la figlia una vacanza nella casa che era stata della loro famiglia. Mentre sale la grande scala di pietra logora, la stessa che saliva da piccola, un'intera esistenza, che in quel momento le pare smisurata e breve come un soffio, riaffiora con i suoi drammi sepolti. Ad accogliere le due donne c'è Luca, proprietario dell'antico palazzo di fronte, un uomo singolare ma capace, con la sua esistenza disordinata, di far balenare una diversa possibilità di futuro, un principio da cui ripartire.Giulia Corsalini si muove lungo i confini della grande letteratura: il tempo sospeso del borgo diventa uno spazio mitico in cui il passato si mescola con l'immaginazione e con un presente che conduce a un esito imprevisto. In questa esplorazione profonda della memoria e dei legami umani che sopravvivono al tempo sentiamo l'eco delle pagine memorabili di Sebald, la scrittura evoca i bagliori luminosi di certe poesie di Brodskij. E a noi resta tra le mani un romanzo coraggioso, fatto di perdite e riappropriazioni, piccoli risarcimenti e la promessa che tutto ciò che è esistito può esserci un giorno restituito.Giulia Corsalini vive a Recanati. È docente e critica letteraria. Nel 2018 ha pubblicato con nottetempo il suo fortunato romanzo d'esordio La lettrice di Čechov, che le è valso numerosi premi, tra cui il Premio Letterario internazionale Mondello e il SuperMondello. La condizione della memoria è il primo romanzo per Guanda.IL POSTO DELLE PAROLEascoltare fa pensarewww.ilpostodelleparole.itDiventa un supporter di questo podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/il-posto-delle-parole--1487855/support.

Tredicesima puntata della quinta stagione della rubrica, nel canale spreaker J-TACTICS, dedicata alle women ed alle giovanili della Juventus, J-WORLD.Si colora di bianconero la prima del 2024 al Pozzo di Biella per le Women di Joe Montemurro, capaci di battere il Milan 2-1 nel match valido per la 12a giornata di campionato.Juventus Women non hanno per nulla sottovalutato l'impegno, trovando così 3 punti fondamenti nella rincorsa alle giallorosse in vetta alla classifica.Finisce 4-0 per le bianconere il primo atto dei quarti di finale di coppa Italia femminile, tra Sampdoria e Juventus women, un risultato rotondo in vista del ritorno in programma a Biella il 7 febbraio.La Next Gen torna a casa dalle Marche con un pari a Recanati, che da un lato è positivo perchè in rimonta e testimonia una buona reazione dei bianconeri, dall'altro è in parte un'occasione persa, dal momento che il Recanati gioca metà del match in 10 contro 11, 1-1 il risultato finale.Il Derby d'Italia Primavera è bianconero!Grazie al successo per 1-0 della Juventus Under19 di Paolo Montero sulla capolista Inter.A decidere il match un gol di Michele Scienza, subentrato nella ripresa, praticamente allo scoccare dell'ora di gioco.Un successo che vale tanto, anche e soprattutto in termini di classifica perchè permette ai bianconeri di avvicinarsi nuovamente alla zona play-off.Cinquina dell'Under17 Mister Rivalta sui pari età della Cremonese e prima gara ufficiale del nuovo anno che inizia con il sorriso, esattamente come si era concluso il 2023 (6 reti segnate in quel caso, al Bologna).A Vinovo i bianconeri si impongono 5-2 sui lombardi portando a casa altri tre preziosi punti per mantenere salda la prima posizione in classifica.Di Bellino, Giardino, Samb e Sosna, quest'ultimo autore di una doppietta, i gol della Juventus.Nulla da fare per le ragazze dell'Under19 di Mister Scarpa: a Vinovo passa il Parma per 2-3, le reti bianconere portano la firma di Berveglieri e Di Bello.Non mancherà poi uno sguardo ai prossimi impegni delle women e delle giovanili:Sassuolo-Juve Women,Sabato 20 gennaio, ore 14.Next Gen-Rimini,Sabato 20 gennaio, ore 16:15.Juve-Lecce Under19,Domenica 21 gennaio, ore 11.Reggiana-Juve Under17,Domenica 21 gennaio, ore 15.Sassuolo-Juve Under19 femm.,Domenica 21 gennaio, ore 15.Anche quest'anno sarà nostra guida nel mondo Juve, il sempre competente e preciso amico Roberto Loforte, Fuori rosa TV.

Ashley Recanati is an author, Futurist academic and lecturer of digital ecosystems.  His new book "AI Battle Royale: How to Protect your Job from Disruption in the 4th Industrial Revolution" guides workers through the perils of AI.  Today we talk about practical ways to think about AI and how to protect your working future from its impact.  We navigate the spectrum of doomsayers and optimists and talk about the poor understanding of our own intelligence as a species, and how that affects the conversation on Artificial Intelligence.  We talk about misconceptions when it comes to AI and we reflect on other ground breaking technologies through history.  We talk about our individual responsibilities to prepare ourselves and how we can start adapting our behaviors, habits and mindset to protect ourselves and our jobs from the new realities of the 21st Century. _____________________ If you enjoy this show don't forget to leave a rating Follow Us On Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/thehonestdrink_/ Join Us On WeChat: THD_Official 小红书: THD The Honest Drink Find us on: Spotify, Apple, Google Podcasts, YouTube, 小红书, Ximalaya, 小宇宙, 网易云音乐, Bilibili or anywhere else you get your podcasts.  

Ashley Recanati is an author, Futurist academic and lecturer of digital ecosystems. His new book "AI Battle Royale: How to Protect your Job from Disruption in the 4th Industrial Revolution" guides workers through the perils of AI. Today we talk about practical ways to think about AI and how to protect your working future from its impact. We navigate the spectrum of doomsayers and optimists and talk about the poor understanding of our own intelligence as a species, and how that affects the conversation on Artificial Intelligence. We talk about misconceptions when it comes to AI and we reflect on other ground breaking technologies through history. We talk about our individual responsibilities to prepare ourselves and how we can start adapting our behaviors, habits and mindset to protect ourselves and our jobs from the new realities of the 21st Century.____________________下载节目文字版: Episode Transcripts____________________If you enjoy this show don't forget to leave a rating and subscribe!小红书: THD The Honest DrinkFollow Us On Instagram: @thehonestdrink_Join Us On WeChat: THD_OfficialEmail: thehonestdrink@gmail.comFind us on: Spotify, Apple, Google Podcasts, YouTube, 小宇宙, 喜马拉雅, 网易云音乐, 小红书, Bilibili or anywhere you get your podcasts.

Vi siete mai chiesti chi abbia inventato le parole che utilizziamo quasi ogni giorno? Non ho la risposta per tutte tutte le parole italiane, ma ce ne sono un sacco che sono state inventate da scrittori italiani, e che noi usiamo quotidianamente senza saperlo! Scopriamole insieme! Non solo Dante! A chi si devono le parole italiane? 1. Sappiamo tutti cos'è una PIADINA, non è vero? Si tratta di una sfoglia come una focaccia piatta, sottile, non lievitata e circolare, che si consuma a fette oppure piegata in due e farcita a piacere. Ma chi ha inventato la parola? Ebbene, il termine è stato inventato dallo scrittore italiano Giovanni Pascoli, nato e cresciuto in Emilia-Romagna, patria della piadina. Infatti, più precisamente, è stato lui a italianizzare il termine dialettale romagnolo “piè” in “piada”, in seguito “piadina”. Addirittura Pascoli ha scritto una poesia dedicata alla piadina! Nel poemetto, la elogia, considerandola un alimento antico quasi quanto l'uomo, e definendola “il pane nazionale dei Romagnoli”.  E voi? L'avete mai mangiata? 2. Adesso parliamo di un aggettivo: MOLESTO. “Molesto” indica qualcuno o qualcosa che, con la propria azione o la propria presenza, provoca una sensazione di irritazione o disagio. Come una mosca per esempio, oppure una persona che si lamenta in continuazione! Ebbene, in pochi lo sanno, ma questo aggettivo deriva dal latino molestus ed è associato a Dante. In realtà, si pensa che non lo abbia inventato proprio da zero: sembrerebbe infatti che il termine esistesse già ai suoi tempi, ma è sicuramente grazie a lui che si è affermato e si è diffuso ampiamente. Infatti, Dante lo ha usato molto nella sua Divina Commedia: “Or vedi la pena molesta, tu che, spirando, vai veggendo i morti: vedi s'alcuna è grande come questa.” “La tua loquela ti fa manifesto di quella nobil patria natio  a la qual forse fui troppo molesto.”                              3. Un altro detto che si deve a Dante è SENZA INFAMIA E SENZA LODE... In realtà questa è la versione italianizzata dell'originale dantesco “sanza 'nfamia e sanza lodo”. Nella Divina Commedia, è utilizzato da Virgilio per descrivere a Dante gli ignavi, i dannati che, durante la propria esistenza terrena, non hanno mai agito né nel bene né nel male, non hanno mai seguito un proprio ideale. Infatti, oggigiorno il detto indica qualcosa di mediocre, che non ha proprio niente di speciale. Per saperne di più su quanto Dante abbia influenzato la lingua italiana, potete leggere il nostro articolo dedicato alle espressioni che ancora oggi utilizziamo frequentemente e che sono state inventate proprio da lui! 4. Anche Giacomo Leopardi è il padre di nuove parole, come INCOMBERE Il poeta di Recanati, però, ha dato vita a termini che sono estremamente raffinati e di tono elevato, e perciò non molto diffusi nella vita di tutti i giorni. Un esempio? Il verbo INCOMBERE. Questo verbo si riferisce generalmente a fatti gravi o situazioni minacciose, e significa “essere imminente”. Per esempio: A causa di guerra e siccità, la carestia incombeva sulla città. 5. Avete mai sentito l'espressione ESSERE UN ALTRO PAIO DI MANICHE? Significa “essere tutt'altra cosa, essere molto diversa e non paragonabile con la cosa precedente”, sia in senso positivo (è di gran lunga migliore) che negativo (è di gran lunga peggiore). Ma... Cosa c'entrano le maniche? Il riferimento è ai vestiti femminili di svariati secoli fa (Quattrocento, Cinquecento), quando erano molto complessi e pesanti, quindi difficili da lavare; perciò le maniche erano intercambiabili, cioè create in modo che si potessero staccare facilmente dal resto del vestito. Quello che si faceva più spesso, allora, era sostituire (e lavare) solo le maniche e questo dava l'idea che si trattasse di un altro vestito. È stato lo scrittore Alessandro Manzoni, però,

Friends of the Rosary: As our journey of conversion continues and we prepare to celebrate the nativity of Christ, on this Second Sunday of Advent we also celebrate the Memorial of Our Lady of Loreto. The title of Our Lady of Loreto refers to the holy little house in Nazareth in which Mary was born and took place the Annunciation — the Incarnation when the Word became Flesh. Tradition says that a band of angels took the house from the Holy Land and transported it first to Tersato, Dalmatia in 1291, then to Recanati, Italy in 1294, and finally in the 14th century to Loreto, in the Adriatic Sea coast of Italy, where the Shrine of Loreto has been for centuries. The large basilica is one of the most famous shrines of Our Lady in Europe. One of the ancient statues of “Black Madonnas” is found here. Ave Maria!Jesus, I Trust In You!Our Lady of Loreto, Pray for Us! To Jesus through Mary! + Mikel A. | RosaryNetwork.com, New York • ⁠December 10, 2023, Today's Rosary on YouTube | Daily broadcast at 7:30 pm ET

Vince and Ryan talk hoops with EKU's Alice Recanati and Michael Moreno RighteousFelon.com promo code Stove15 Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Vince and Ryan talk hoops with EKU's Alice Recanati and Michael Moreno RighteousFelon.com promo code Stove15 Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

In questo episodio introduciamo l'idillio che restituisce Leopardi alla poesia e lo consegna alla leggenda: A Silvia. Dopo aver ricostruito il contesto immaginario che il poeta di Recanati vuole che ci figuriamo ponendo la domanda che apre l'idillio (e sarà un depistaggio), proviamo a capire in che senso si può "salire" la giovinezza. Finiamo poi cercando di delineare un ritratto psicologico di Silvia a partire dalle rapide pennellate dei quattro aggettivi in coppia, "ridenti e fuggitivi" e "lieta e pensosa". La campanella blocca i nostri sforzi, mentre a qualcuno viene in mente che Silvia assomiglia ad Albachiara di Vasco Rossi (sacrilegio). --- Send in a voice message: https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/stefanodambrosio/message

Minter Dialogue with Ashley Recanati Ashley Recanati is a fellow French-American and now a fellow author. Living in Shanghai and working as the MD of the APAC region for a German industrial company, Ashely recently released his book, "AI Battle Royale, How to protect your job from disruption in the 4th Industrial Revolution," published by Copernicus Book, Springer (Mar 2023). In this conversation, we discuss the challenges faced by people working in business to have the right attitude and skills to adapt to this fast-changing world. How to to futureproof yourself and stay up to date with the new technologies; and how can we help our kids get ready? We look at some of the cultural differences, especially with his perspective being based in China, and we explore some of his key concepts and recommendations in his book. The one I liked the most was Guanxi.   If you've got comments or questions you'd like to see answered, send your email or audio file to nminterdial@gmail.com; or you can find the show notes and comment on minterdial.com. If you liked the podcast, please take a moment to go over to Apple Podcasts or your favourite podcast channel, to rate/review the show. Otherwise, you can find me @mdial on Twitter.

Ali bianche, luce splendente, energia pura e armonica cosa vi viene in mente? Ebbene sí in questa puntata parleremo degli angeli. Voi come ve li immaginate? La nostra Sabrina ce li descrive attraverso l'arte. Gli angeli vennero ripresi e reinterpretati dagli artisti del medioevo. Infatti artisti romani avevano i cupidi, ossia degli esseri con ali, legati alla mitologia pagana. Vedremo quindi anche la trasformazione artistica del colore e della forma delle ali. In particolare ci soffermeremo ad analizzare tre famosi quadri "La fuga in Egitto" di Caravaggio a Roma, la "Madonna Sistina" di Raffaello che si trova in Polonia, e in ultimo l'opera "l'Annunciazione" di Lorenzo Lotto a Recanati. Speriamo troverete questa puntata angelica! Buon ascolto da Daniela & Lia ~~ This episode will discuss angels, often associated with white wings, bright light, and pure energy. Sabrina will describe them through art, and we will explore how medieval artists interpreted them. Roman artists had similar beings called cupids, linked to pagan mythology. We will examine the artistic transformation of wings' colour and shape, focusing on three famous paintings: Caravaggio's "The Flight into Egypt," Raphael's "Sistine Madonna," and Lorenzo Lotto's "The Annunciation." We hope you enjoy this angelic episode! 

EPISODE 1349: In this KEEN ON show, Andrew talks to AI BATTLE ROYALE author Ashley Marc Recanati about how to protect your job from the disruption of the 4th Industrial Revolution of smart machines Over the past twenty years, Ashley Recanati has lived and worked in the three powerhouses that are Europe, the U.S. and China, rising from odd jobs to general management through financial control, thanks in part to the continuous learning and implementation of automation tools. Meanwhile he developed a keen awareness of the contrast between the latest evolving technologies and actual working habitats in offices, factories, and retail. Despite the broad consensus among experts on the dire effects that new tech will have on employees, a blatant gap persists in terms of advice as to how they can prepare for the disruption. His 2023 book, AI Battle Royale, is the fruit of research conducted over five years to remedy this gap. Named as one of the "100 most connected men" by GQ magazine, Andrew Keen is amongst the world's best known broadcasters and commentators. In addition to presenting KEEN ON, he is the host of the long-running How To Fix Democracy show. He is also the author of four prescient books about digital technology: CULT OF THE AMATEUR, DIGITAL VERTIGO, THE INTERNET IS NOT THE ANSWER and HOW TO FIX THE FUTURE. Andrew lives in San Francisco, is married to Cassandra Knight, Google's VP of Litigation & Discovery, and has two grown children. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Back in May, Barbi Recanati made the massive journey from Buenos Aires to Seattle to not only play an incredible in-studio session but also to announce, alongside KEXP's Albina Cabrera, that KEXP would be making a similar journey for a four-day music festival highlighting the diverse sounds of Argentina. That festival just wrapped on September 23rd but Recanati's in-studio is getting some extra love on this week's Live on KEXP. Before playing three songs off her Grammy-nominated, Gardel Award-winning album Ubicación en Tiempo Real and one off her debut solo EP, 2018's Teoría Espacial, Troy Nelson gives us some background on the feminist singer, songwriter, guitarist, podcaster, and record label-owner. For an extra boost of Latinx sounds, we're also featuring a snippet from Y La Bamba's KEXP in-studio session from 2017. Both artists have songs included on KEXP's new compilation album, Live at KEXP Volume 10. Recorded 05/25/2022. Que No En La Frenta Para Darte Frágil Watch the full Live on KEXP session on YouTubeSupport the show: https://www.kexp.org/donateSee omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Back in May, Barbi Recanati made the massive journey from Buenos Aires to Seattle to not only play an incredible in-studio session but also to announce, alongside KEXP's Albina Cabrera, that KEXP would be making a similar journey for a four-day music festival highlighting the diverse sounds of Argentina. That festival just wrapped on September 23rd but Recanati's in-studio is getting some extra love on this week's Live on KEXP. Before playing three songs off her Grammy-nominated, Gardel Award-winning album Ubicación en Tiempo Real and one off her debut solo EP, 2018's Teoría Espacial, Troy Nelson gives us some background on the feminist singer, songwriter, guitarist, podcaster, and record label-owner. For an extra boost of Latinx sounds, we're also featuring a snippet from Y La Bamba's KEXP in-studio session from 2017. Both artists have songs included on KEXP's new compilation album, Live at KEXP Volume 10. Recorded 05/25/2022. Que No En La Frenta Para Darte Frágil Watch the full Live on KEXP session on YouTubeSupport the show: https://www.kexp.org/donateSee omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.