Podcasts about Markovian

Join Curt Jaimungal as he welcomes Harvard physicist Jacob Barandes, who claims quantum mechanics can be reformulated without wave functions, alongside computer scientist Scott Aaronson. Barandes' “indivisible” approach challenges the standard Schrödinger model, and Aaronson offers a healthy dose of skepticism in today's theolocution. Are we on the cusp of a radical rewrite of reality—or just rebranding the same quantum puzzles? As a listener of TOE you can get a special 20% off discount to The Economist and all it has to offer! Visit https://www.economist.com/toe Join My New Substack (Personal Writings): https://curtjaimungal.substack.com Listen on Spotify: https://tinyurl.com/SpotifyTOE Become a YouTube Member (Early Access Videos): https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCdWIQh9DGG6uhJk8eyIFl1w/join Timestamps: 00:00 Introduction to Quantum Mechanics 05:40 The Power of Quantum Computing 36:17 The Many Worlds Debate 1:09:05 Evaluating Jacob's Theory 1:13:49 Criteria for Theoretical Frameworks 1:17:15 Bohmian Mechanics and Stochastic Dynamics 1:18:51 Generalizing Quantum Theory 1:22:32 The Role of Unobservables 1:31:08 The Problem of Trajectories 1:39:39 Exploring Alternative Theories 1:50:29 The Stone Soup Analogy 1:56:20 The Limits of Quantum Mechanics 2:01:57 The Nature of Laws in Physics 2:14:57 The Many Worlds Interpretation 2:22:40 The Search for New Connections Links Mentioned: - Quantum theory, the Church–Turing principle and the universal quantum computer (article): https://www.cs.princeton.edu/courses/archive/fall04/cos576/papers/deutsch85.pdf - The Emergent Multiverse (book): https://amzn.to/3QJleSu Jacob Barandes on TOE (Part 1): https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7oWip00iXbo&t=1s&ab_channel=CurtJaimungal - Scott Aaronson on TOE: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1ZpGCQoL2Rk - Quantum Theory From Five Reasonable Axioms (paper): https://arxiv.org/pdf/quant-ph/0101012 - Quantum stochastic processes and quantum non-Markovian phenomena (paper): https://arxiv.org/pdf/2012.01894 - Jacob's “Wigner's Friend” flowchart: https://shared.jacobbarandes.com/images/wigners-friend-flow-chart-2025 - Is Quantum Mechanics An Island In Theory Space? (paper): https://www.scottaaronson.com/papers/island.pdf - Aspects of Objectivity in Quantum Mechanics (paper): https://philsci-archive.pitt.edu/223/1/Objectivity.pdf - Quantum Computing Since Democritus (book): https://amzn.to/4bqVeoD - The Ghost in the Quantum Turing Machine (paper): https://arxiv.org/pdf/1306.0159 - Quantum mechanics and reality (article): https://pubs.aip.org/physicstoday/article/23/9/30/427387/Quantum-mechanics-and-realityCould-the-solution-to - Stone Soup (book): https://amzn.to/4kgPamN - TOE's String Theory Iceberg: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=X4PdPnQuwjY - TOE's Mindfest playlist: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLZ7ikzmc6zlOPw7Hqkc6-MXEMBy0fnZcb Support TOE on Patreon: https://patreon.com/curtjaimungal Twitter: https://twitter.com/TOEwithCurt Discord Invite: https://discord.com/invite/kBcnfNVwqs #science #theoreticalphysics Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

As a listener of TOE you can get a special 20% off discount to The Economist and all it has to offer! Visit https://www.economist.com/toe In this captivating of Theories of Everything, Jacob Barandes and I delve into the intricate world of Indivisible Stochastic Processes and their profound impact on quantum mechanics. We explore how these non-Markovian systems introduce quantum phenomena like superposition and interference without the traditional wave function collapse. Join My New Substack (Personal Writings): https://curtjaimungal.substack.com Listen on Spotify: https://tinyurl.com/SpotifyTOE Timestamps: 00:00 – Introduction 01:29 – Philosophy of Physics 07:04 – Philosophical Physics 10:55 – Understanding Symmetry Breaking in Physics 15:03 – Historical Contributions of Philosophers to Quantum Theory 25:03 – Real-World Examples of Symmetry Breaking 32:03 – Philosophical Contributions and Funding in Physics 38:00 – The Wigner's Friend Thought Experiment 55:24 – Eternalism vs. Presentism: The Flow of Time 1:05:31 – Connection to Cosmology and FLRW Models 1:12:07 – Spontaneous vs. Explicit Symmetry Breaking 1:15:37 – Indivisible Stochastic Processes and Future Directions 01:40:06 - Markovianity in Quantum Mechanics 01:42:12 - Linearity and Unitarity in Quantum Evolution 01:43:23 - Unistochastic Processes and Quantum Channels 01:45:20 - Quantum Channels and Steinspring Dilation 01:46:18 - Hamiltonian Formulation Analogy 01:49:05 - Double-Slit Experiment with Indivisible Processes 01:52:08 - Measurement Devices and Emergibles 02:00:04 - Seminar Culture and Philosophy in Physics 02:02:38 - Coarse-Grained Double-Slit Example 02:05:03 - No Wave Function Collapse in Indivisible Processes 02:12:16 - Philosophical Insights and Importance in Physics 02:18:08 - Critique of David Griffiths' Quantum Mechanics Textbook 02:35:07 - Closing Remarks and Future Topics Links Mentioned (additional links in comments): - Jacob's website: https://www.jacobbarandes.com/ - Jacob's first appearance on TOE: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7oWip00iXbo&ab_channel=CurtJaimungal - Jacob's talk on “A New Formulation of Quantum Theory”: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sshJyD0aWXg - The Stochastic-Quantum Correspondence (Jacob's paper): https://arxiv.org/pdf/2302.10778 - McTaggart's paper on time: https://philpapers.org/archive/MCTTUO.pdf - Putnam's paper on time and geometry: https://www.jstor.org/stable/2024493?origin=JSTOR-pdf - Neil deGrasse Tyson on TOE: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HhWWlJFwTqs - Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen paper: https://cds.cern.ch/record/405662/files/PhysRev.47.777.pdf - Greta Hermann's paper on quantum mechanics in the philosophy of nature: https://cqi.inf.usi.ch/qic/grete_en.pdf - John Bell's paper on the Einstein Podolsky Rosen paradox: https://journals.aps.org/ppf/pdf/10.1103/PhysicsPhysiqueFizika.1.195 - Bell's theorem without inequalities (paper): https://arxiv.org/pdf/quant-ph/0409190 - Quantum mysteries revisited (paper): https://www.physics.smu.edu/scalise/P5382fa15/Mermin1990a.pdf - Quantum Theory by David Bohm (book): https://www.amazon.com/Quantum-Theory-Dover-Books-Physics/dp/0486659690 - Bohm's second paper on quantum theory: https://journals.aps.org/pr/abstract/10.1103/PhysRev.85.180 - Dirac's textbook on quantum mechanics: https://www.amazon.com/Principles-Quantum-Mechanics-International-Monographs/dp/0198520115 - Wigner's paper on the mind-body question: https://www.scribd.com/doc/240712078/Eugen-Wigner-Remarks-on-the-Mind-body-Question #science #physics #theoreticalphysics #quantumphysics Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Will physics ever be able to explain consciousness? What if our entire understanding of reality is just an illusion shaped by evolution? Could the universe be a sophisticated virtual reality created by our own minds for our own good? And does free will exist after all?  Joining me today to explore these profound questions is none other than Donald Hoffman! Donald Hoffman is a renowned philosopher, famous TED talk speaker, cognitive scientist, and deep thinker.  He is a professor in the Department of Cognitive Science at the University of California, Irvine, and the author of the provocative book The Case Against Reality. This is his third time on my show because we simply never run out of topics, and it's always refreshing to hear his thoughts and ideas!  So, without further ado, let's jump right in! — Key Takeaways:  00:00:00 Intro  00:01:11 Sam Harris, Robert Sapolsky, and free will  00:07:59 Positive geometries of consciousness  00:17:17 Will physics ever be able to explain consciousness? 00:26:05 Stepping outside of spacetime  00:36:51 Markovian dynamics  00:48:10 Theory of perception  00:52:37 Audience questions  01:05:44 The future of academia  01:13:24 Outro — Additional resources:  ➡️ Learn more about Don Hoffman: 

Get your DEMYSTICON 2024 tickets here: https://www.eventbrite.com/e/demysticon-2024-tickets-727054969987 This is our second conversation with cognitive psychologist Dr. Donald Hoffman. For round 2 we dive into the realms of physics and mathematics, exploring dynamic entities that transcend the confines of spacetime. From Markovian Dynamics to the quest for new frameworks in physics, join us in unraveling the mysteries that lie beyond conventional understanding. Beyond the physics we enjoy a captivating exploration of consciousness, spiritualism, and the profound implications of Hoffman's groundbreaking work. Tell us what you think in the comments or on our Discord: https://discord.gg/MJzKT8CQub Sign up for a yearly Patreon membership for discounted conference tickets: https://bit.ly/3lcAasB (00:00:00) Go! (00:00:20) What's on Don's Desk? (00:05:45) Markovian dynamics & decorated permutations (00:13:18) What is outside of spacetime? (00:18:33) The need for new mathematics in physics (00:25:46) Patreon Ask (00:25:48) How to avoid spacetime in physics (00:33:22) Non-real solutions to physical equations (00:42:23) Dynamic (spiritual?) entities beyond spacetime (00:59:43) Science must remain skeptical (01:14:41) Tickets ASK (01:14:42) New portals into consciousness (01:25:13) Math as scaffold for understanding (01:34:02) Life as fractal representation of whole universe (God) (01:43:04) The meaning of Hoffman's work #BeyondSpacetime, #CosmicExploration, #MathematicsInPhysics, #ConsciousPortals, #DynamicEntities, #UnrealSolutions, #SpiritualPhysics, #ScientificInquiry, #MysteriesUnveiled, #QuantumConsciousness, #MathematicalUniverse, #MetaphysicalJourney, #RealityBeyondPhysics, #CosmicMind, #HoffmansInsights, #FractalLife, #TranscendentMath, #PhilosophyOfScience, #QuantumReality, #MindAndMath, #EternalConsciousness, #science, #sciencepodcast #podcast Check our short-films channel, @DemystifySci: https://www.youtube.com/c/DemystifyingScience AND our material science investigations of atomics, @MaterialAtomics https://www.youtube.com/@MaterialAtomics Join our mailing list https://bit.ly/3v3kz2S PODCAST INFO: Anastasia completed her PhD studying bioelectricity at Columbia University. When not talking to brilliant people or making movies, she spends her time painting, reading, and guiding backcountry excursions. Shilo also did his PhD at Columbia studying the elastic properties of molecular water. When he's not in the film studio, he's exploring sound in music. They are both freelance professors at various universities. - Blog: http://DemystifySci.com/blog - RSS: https://anchor.fm/s/2be66934/podcast/rss - Donate: https://bit.ly/3wkPqaD - Swag: https://bit.ly/2PXdC2y SOCIAL: - Discord: https://discord.gg/MJzKT8CQub - Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/groups/DemystifySci - Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/DemystifySci/ - Twitter: https://twitter.com/DemystifySci MUSIC: -Shilo Delay: https://g.co/kgs/oty671

部品、うってぃ、ブカ、おかで Google DeepMind による新物質発見？、自動実験、2023年の超伝導情勢などについて話しました。 以下の Show Notes は簡易版です。完全版はこちら。1:30 DeepMind GNoMEScaling deep learning for materials discovery - NatureMillions of new materials discovered with deep learning - Google DeepMindInteraxion 36: AlphaMagnet次は AlphaGo, AlphaFold の次は AlphaMagnet が来る！と予想した回MATLANTISLinkedInのShyue Ping Ong: A Google AI has discovered 2.2m materials unknown to science>…In my opinion, Nature should have never published the Google paper because the work violates FAIR (Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, Reusable) data principles.FAIR原則 - Wikipedia14:10 同時に出たUCバークレー自動実験論文も熱い (色んな意味で)An autonomous laboratory for the accelerated synthesis of novel materials - NatureMaterials Project - HomeMaterials Projectとは？（概要とデータの取得） #chemoinformatics - QiitaMST｜リートベルト解析（Rietveld analysis）とは(B0277)泉 富士夫先生を偲ぶ - 日本結晶学会誌 2022年64巻3号 p. 238-239VESTAヤーン・テラー効果 - Wikipedia世界初!? 粉体原料を用いた全自動合成システム｜baukmilzeRobotic Powder Grinding with Audio-Visual Feedback for Laboratory Automation in Materials Science1:29:24 Reddmatter ついに撤回Breakdowns of the Year - Science【改題】室温超伝導ふたたび！～大丈夫じゃなかった、Natureの論文だもん！～ - ぶひんブログダイヤモンドアンビルセル - Wikipedia (DAC)ヘンドリック・シェーン - Wikipedia室温超伝導!? - 応用物理 2023年92巻12号 p. 706-708マルコフ過程 - Wikipedia現状のまとめ◯撤回LHN超伝導 (Nature)CSH超伝導 (Nature)MnS2論文 (PRL)◯調査中YH3超伝導 (PRL)◯DiasではなくCSH超伝導の共著者の一人M. Debessaiが阪大清水研と共著で出した撤回論文Eu高圧超伝導論文 (PRL)01:48:25 LK-99LK-99とは何だったのか～室温超伝導狂騒曲～ - ぶひんブログ夢から覚めた「夢の物質」…韓国超伝導学会検証委「ＬＫ－９９は超伝導体ではない」　開発者「ノーコメント」 - Joongang Ilbo - 中央日報脳内超伝導 - Interaxion Keywords373 K SUPERCONDUCTORS - Home C11:54:45 プレスリリースとの向き合い方QST（NICT， 阪大）からのプレスリリース（2023.11.30）へのコメント｜神谷之康（Yukiyasu Kamitani）民明書房 (みんめいしょぼう)とは【ピクシブ百科事典】電気抵抗実質ゼロ自前プレスリリースについて話した回Interaxion 30: The Blue Bird in Condensed Matter Physicsお知らせ出演して頂ける方、感想などお待ちしております。 #interaxionエンディング BGM 変わりました夜に合うクールなトラック - Audiostock(オーディオストック)曲名: 弓

When we venture into the intricate realms of virtual reality, neuroscience, and the profound wisdom of the Vedantic tradition, we are forced to expand our understanding of reality. So, let's dive deep into these concepts discussed with Deepak Chopra and Dr. Don Hoffman in today's episode! The Enigma of VR and Our Brain: 03:15How can a mere illusion in the form of virtual reality, confined within the digital realms of zeros and ones, impact the physical, intricate networks of our brain? The answer is through experience. Experiences in VR, although virtual, can evoke real emotions, train reflexes, and modify behaviors. Therefore, the possibility of VR-based therapies for mental illnesses and developmental disabilities becomes tangible. This aligns with the principle that our mind, though outside of VR, perceives, learns, and changes through virtual stimulations.Deepak's Heartfelt Initiatives: 06:36Deepak's passion projects have always gravitated towards supporting those with mental health challenges. By intertwining cutting-edge technology like VR with traditional therapeutic approaches, he hopes to bridge the gap between the digital and the real, offering innovative healing solutions for the mind.Limitations of the Divine: 19:39The age-old philosophical question, "What is God's one limit?" nudges us to ponder. If God is omnipotent, then paradoxically, can God create a stone too heavy for Himself to lift? Such paradoxes challenge our understanding of divinity and its constraints, pushing us towards deeper introspection.Don's Breakthrough Moments: 21:00Since we last heard from Don on the podcast, he has experienced revelations that shift paradigms. Embracing new perspectives, Don is steadily dismantling long-held beliefs, reinventing the very fabric of thought itself.The Evolution of Thought in Vedantic Wisdom: 28:05Vedanta, an ancient Indian philosophical system, explains the emergence of thought in four stages:Turiya: The state of pure consciousness, untouched by the material world.Deep Sleep: The unconscious realm where individuality fades.Dream State: The bridge between consciousness and unconsciousness, a realm of illusion.Wakefulness: Our day-to-day conscious state, colored by perceptions and ego.These stages reflect the journey from pure consciousness to our current state of awareness.Entropy and Markovian Dynamics: 34:36While systems inherently possess entropy, it's a misconception that it must always increase in Markovian dynamics. It's the beauty of equilibrium and the dance between order and chaos that allows systems to flourish without succumbing to total disorder.The All-Encompassing Consciousness: 39:05Contrary to our segmented understanding of consciousness, Vedanta propounds that there's no "conscious" versus "unconscious." Every particle, every wave, every vibration is an expression of the universal consciousness. There are no boundaries.The Avatar of Love: 42:15When you see another not as 'other' but as an extension of yourself, an alternate avatar of the same cosmic consciousness, that realization is the essence of true love. Separation is an illusion.When we venture into the intricate realms of virtual reality, neuroscience, and the profound wisdom of the Vedantic tradition, we are forced to expand our understanding of reality. So, let's dive deep into these concepts, taking cues from the timestamps given.The Enigma of VR and Our Brain: 03:15How can a mere illusion in the form of virtual reality, confined within the digital realms of zeros and ones, impact the physical, intricate networks of our brain? The answer is through experience. Experiences in VR, although virtual, can evoke real emotions, train reflexes, and

 Hello friends, and welcome to a very special episode of Regarding Consciousness. I have the pleasure today of interviewing Deepak Chopra and Donald D. Hoffman around the idea of consciousness in an ongoing series that Deepak and Don and I have been engaging in for the past three years entitled "Conversations at the Intersection of Cutting Edge Science and Spirituality."We hope you enjoy this.In this interview with, you'll discover:-Don defines what is fundamental reality and why our view of "space time" is changing...02:01-Deepak gets us up to speed with his recent and current work and research...06:25-Markovian chains and dynamics: what they are and how they affect our perception of time and space...13:50-We are not in space-time; we are the creators of space-time...20:00-Infinite universes come and go in the vast mode of consciousness...26:45-We can never approach even the known universe because of the space-time continuum...33:43-Is it possible that dark matter is all the conscious agents that can't be measured outside of space-time?...39:30-How does love factor into all of this?...42:50-Will artificial intelligence ever achieve what we know as consciousness?...45:10-And much more...Resources mentioned:deepakchopra.comConscious Agents and the Subatomic World co-authored by Don HoffmanDeepak's Facebook pageDon Hoffman's TwitterAbout the guests:Donald David Hoffman is an American cognitive psychologist and popular science author. He is a professor in the Department of Cognitive Sciences at the University of California, Irvine, with joint appointments in the Department of Philosophy, the Department of Logic and Philosophy of Science, and the School of Computer Science.Hoffman studies consciousness, visual perception and evolutionary psychology using mathematical models and psychophysical experiments. His research subjects include facial attractiveness, the recognition of shape, the perception of motion and color, the evolution of perception, and the mind–body problem. He has co-authored two technical books; Observer Mechanics: A Formal Theory of Perception (1989) offers a theory of consciousness and its relationship to physics; Automotive Lighting and Human Vision (2005) applies vision science to vehicle lighting. His book Visual Intelligence: How We Create What We See (1998) presents the modern science of visual perception to a broad audience. His 2015 TED Talk, "Do we see reality as it is?" argues that our perceptions have evolved to hide reality from us._____DEEPAK CHOPRA MD, FACP, FRCP, founder of The Chopra Foundation, a non-profit entity for research on well-being and humanitarianism, and Chopra Global, a whole health company at the intersection of science and spirituality, is a world-renowned pioneer in integrative medicine and personal transformation. Chopra is a Clinical Professor of Family Medicine and Public Health at the University of California, San Diego and serves as a senior scientist with Gallup Organization. He is the author of over 90 books translated into over forty-three languages, including numerous New York Times bestsellers. His 91st book, Total Meditation: Practices in Living the Awakened Life explores and reinterprets the physical, mental, emotional, relational, and spiritual benefits that the practice of meditation can...

Terra, Markovian princess, or is she? Today we cover all of it, anything that has to do with Terra the earth bender. Regular member of the teen titans and indulger of betrayal. I know I missed a week but I got a steam deck so give me a break.Support the show

In Episode 52, Patrick and Ciprian speak with returning guest Todd Brun of the University of Southern California.Among other topics, the team discuss error correction, non-Markovian errors, the limitations of current quantum processors and the battle between numbers of Qubits and amounts of noise.Todd Brun is a Professor of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Physics, and Computer Science at the University of Southern California.  He does research on quantum theory, especially on the problems of quantum computing and quantum information science.  Prof. Brun received his Ph.D. in Physics from Caltech in 1994, and did postdoctoral work at the University of London (Queen Mary and Westfield College), the Institute for Theoretical Physics in Santa Barbara, Carnegie Mellon University, and the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton, before starting at USC in 2003.

Link to bioRxiv paper: http://biorxiv.org/cgi/content/short/2022.11.15.516592v1?rss=1 Authors: Lu, J., Surendralal, S., Bouchard, K. E., Jin, D. Z. Abstract: Songs of the Bengalese finch consist of variable sequences of syllables. The sequences follow probabilistic rules, and can be statistically described by partially observable Markov models (POMMs), which consist of states and probabilistic transitions between them. Each state is associated with a syllable, and one syllable can be associated with multiple states. This multiplicity of syllable to states association distinguishes a POMM from a simple Markov model, in which one syllable is associated with one state. The multiplicity indicates that syllable transitions are context-dependent. Here we present a novel method of inferring a POMM with minimal number of states from a finite number of observed sequences. We apply the method to infer POMMs for songs of six adult male Bengalese finches before and shortly after deafening. Before deafening, the models all require multiple states, but with varying degrees of state multiplicity for individual birds. Deafening reduces the state multiplicity for all birds. For three birds, the models become Markovian, while for the other three, the multiplicity persists for some syllables. These observations indicate that auditory feedback contributes to, but is not the only source of, the context dependencies of syllable transitions in Bengalese finch song. Copy rights belong to original authors. Visit the link for more info Podcast created by Paper Player, LLC

Jean-Philippe Bouchaud, a statistical physicist, is a pioneer in econophysics, a research field applying theories and methods originally developed by physicists in order to solve problems in economics, usually those including uncertainty or stochastic processes and nonlinear dynamics. He is the co-founder and chairman of Capital Fund Management, global asset management using quantitative and scientific approaches to financial markets to invest billions of dollars in a systematic way. He is also the Head of Research of CFM and a professor at École Normale Supérieure. We talk about how ideas in dynamical systems theory and complex systems theory, like the ones developed by the 2021 Physics Nobel prize Giorgio Parisi, but also by Michael Fisher and Benoit Mandelbrot, influenced him. We talk about fat tails, Levy flights, and their emergence in both physical and financial systems. We talk about diffusion phenomena, fractional Brownian motion, hyperchaos, the Hurst exponent, and their application in finance. We touch on the wisdom of crowds, the emergence of intelligence in complex systems, their relations with the efficient market hypothesis, and the limits of Markovian modeling of the financial market. We also try to inform policymaking, both aiming at an optimal level of inequality in society and dealing with systematic incentives to push against what Bret Weinstein calls the personal responsibility vortex, therefore criticizing the invisible hand idea by Adam Smith. We close with the use of Artificial Intelligence techniques in finance, focusing on the relationship between Deep Learning, Kernel Methods, and Random Matrix Theory. LINKS: https://crunchdao.com https://en.wikipedia .org/wiki/Jean-Ph...https://www.linkedin.com/in/jean-phil...https://www.cfm.fr/https://scholar.google.com/citations?...

CALLING ALL SUSANS! We have questions for all of you! What do these words on Usenet mean?! Jason, Doug, and Mike dig up the past to get to the bottom of this early-internet mystery that baffled dozens of code wizards for over a decade. Brush up on your Markov chains... Let's dive the rabbit hole known as Markovian Parallax Denigrate. Markovian Parallax DenigrateStarting your own podcast? Use this link to receive a $20 Amazon gift card when you sign up for a paid account with Buzzsprout!https://www.buzzsprout.com/?referrer_id=1671664Buy us a beer: buymeacoffe.com/dlutipodMerch: https://my-store-bd7a4b.creator-spring.com/?fbclid=IwAR0gAp1so6r0omDUE0TRLYdkUemHweH7nRxGTdPQHKtJi-BWZD8jqYdUKHMDiscord: https://discord.gg/6AKfff3RSupport the show

WATCH: https://youtu.be/M5Hz1giUUT8 Donald Hoffman is Professor Emeritus of Cognitive Sciences at the University of California, Irvine. He received his Ph.D. from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). He is an author of over 120 scientific papers and three books, including “The Case Against Reality: Why Evolution Hid the Truth from Our Eyes.” (2019). He has a TED Talk titled “Do We See Reality as It Is?". EPISODE LINKS: - Donald's Website: https://www.cogsci.uci.edu/~ddhoff/ - Donald's Books: https://www.amazon.com/Donald-D.-Hoffman/e/B001HPIWAW%3Fref=dbs_a_mng_rwt_scns_share - Donald's Publications: https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=G99fnUgAAAAJ&hl=en - Donald's TED Talk: https://youtu.be/oYp5XuGYqqY CONNECT: - Website: https://tevinnaidu.com - Instagram: https://instagram.com/drtevinnaidu - Facebook: https://facebook.com/drtevinnaidu - Twitter: https://twitter.com/drtevinnaidu - LinkedIn: https://linkedin.com/in/drtevinnaidu TIMESTAMPS: (0:00) - Introduction (0:35) - Psychophysics (05:56) - Evolution & veridical reality (10:21) - Fitness payoff functions & homomorphisms (20:27) - Space-Time does not exist (32:24) - Take it (Space-Time) seriously, not literally (42:20) - Interface theory of perception (ITP) (49:08) - Conscious realism & Conscious Agents (CA) theory (58:00) - Morals and meaning-making (1:07:06) - Markovian dynamics, entropy & time (1:10:53) - Karl Friston's minimizing free energy principle (1:14:34) - Universal Darwinism & Markovian kernal universality (1:19:19) - Gödel's incompleteness theorems (1:26:21) - The notion of life, the self & neuroscience (1:36:03) - Donald's author/philosopher recommendations (1:42:50) - Response to other counter-arguments & misconceptions (1:54:13) - Donald's views on religion/spirituality & its relationship with science/mathematics (2:02:39) - Conclusion Website · YouTube

WATCH: https://youtu.be/M5Hz1giUUT8 Donald Hoffman is Professor Emeritus of Cognitive Sciences at the University of California, Irvine. He received his Ph.D. from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). He is an author of over 120 scientific papers and three books, including “The Case Against Reality: Why Evolution Hid the Truth from Our Eyes.” (2019). He has a TED Talk titled “Do We See Reality as It Is?". EPISODE LINKS: - Donald's Website: https://www.cogsci.uci.edu/~ddhoff/ - Donald's Books: https://www.amazon.com/Donald-D.-Hoffman/e/B001HPIWAW%3Fref=dbs_a_mng_rwt_scns_share - Donald's Publications: https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=G99fnUgAAAAJ&hl=en - Donald's TED Talk: https://youtu.be/oYp5XuGYqqY CONNECT: - Website: https://tevinnaidu.com - Instagram: https://instagram.com/drtevinnaidu - Facebook: https://facebook.com/drtevinnaidu - Twitter: https://twitter.com/drtevinnaidu - LinkedIn: https://linkedin.com/in/drtevinnaidu TIMESTAMPS: (0:00) - Introduction (0:35) - Psychophysics (05:56) - Evolution & veridical reality (10:21) - Fitness payoff functions & homomorphisms (20:27) - Space-Time does not exist (32:24) - Take it (Space-Time) seriously, not literally (42:20) - Interface theory of perception (ITP) (49:08) - Conscious realism & Conscious Agents (CA) theory (58:00) - Morals and meaning-making (1:07:06) - Markovian dynamics, entropy & time (1:10:53) - Karl Friston's minimizing free energy principle (1:14:34) - Universal Darwinism & Markovian kernal universality (1:19:19) - Gödel's incompleteness theorems (1:26:21) - The notion of life, the self & neuroscience (1:36:03) - Donald's author/philosopher recommendations (1:42:50) - Response to other counter-arguments & misconceptions (1:54:13) - Donald's views on religion/spirituality & its relationship with science/mathematics (2:02:39) - Conclusion Website · YouTube · YouTube

In 1996, somebody logged onto an online forum and started posting long, nonsensical messages with the same subject line: Markovian Parallax Denigrate. Was it spam? A hoax? Or were these coded posts the work of a double agent? Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices

Freeland is moving on in the aftermath of the ASA occupation and Markovian war, but Jefferson is still reeling, and “Black Lightning’s dead.” Support the Train on his social media platforms! Check out the Train’s Twitter for updates on new videos: https://twitter.com/ColetrainCTP Go Join the official Coletrain Productions Discord Server: https://discord.gg/VXGvDk7 Follow the Train on Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/coletrain2018 Pledge to the Train’s Patreon for exclusive videos: https://www.patreon.com/CTproductions --- This episode is sponsored by · Anchor: The easiest way to make a podcast. https://anchor.fm/app

The Internet's oldest mystery. A series of strange, bizarre posts were found in various groups on Usenet in 1996. Today we dive into the Markovian Parallax Denigrate. Sponsored by The Jordan Harbinger Show (http://jordanharbinger.com/subscribe). Follow us on Twitter @RedWebPod https://twitter.com/RedWebPod.

In this episode: Halloween is coming up. Let's read some internet's unsolved mysteries. They will scare you to death. I'm talking about MPD, Plague Doctor, and Cicada 3301. MPD: https://www.reddit.com/r/UnsolvedMysteries/comments/7fk2yz/the_markovian_parallax_denigrate_what_was_it/ https://www.atlasobscura.com/articles/markovian-parallax-denigrate-mystery-internet 11B-X-1371: https://theghostinmymachine.com/2019/02/18/weird-youtube-11b-x-1371-the-plague-doctor-video-and-the-mystery-of-parker-warner-wright-gadgetzz-reddit/ Cicada 3301: https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2014/jan/10/cicada-3301-i-tried-the-hardest-puzzle-on-the-internet-and-failed-spectacularly https://www.greatbigstory.com/series/cicada-3301 https://www.fastcompany.com/3025785/meet-the-man-who-solved-the-mysterious-cicada-3301-puzzle Sponsored by Anchor. http://www.anchor.fm Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/show/6gxviEvq9LFOg1rsUuxwNe Anchor: https://anchor.fm/michael-lanurias RadioPublic: https://radiopublic.com/real-talk-GbpDyR Follow me all of my social media: https://linktr.ee/mike10lanurias --- This episode is sponsored by · Anchor: The easiest way to make a podcast. https://anchor.fm/app Support this podcast: https://anchor.fm/michael-lanurias/support

Link to bioRxiv paper: http://biorxiv.org/cgi/content/short/2020.08.27.270694v1?rss=1 Authors: Reddy, G., Desban, L., Tanaka, H., Roussel, J., Wyart, C. Abstract: Animals display characteristic behavioral patterns when performing a task, such as the spiraling of a soaring bird or the surge-and-cast of a male moth searching for a female. Identifying such conserved patterns occurring rarely in noisy behavioral data is key to understanding the behavioral response to a distributed stimulus in unrestrained animals. Existing models seek to describe the dynamics of behavior or segment individual locomotor episodes rather than to identify occasional, transient irregularities that make up the behavioral response. To fill this gap, we develop a lexical, hierarchical model of behavior. We designed an unsupervised algorithm called "BASS" to efficiently identify and segment conserved behavioral action sequences transiently occurring in long behavioral recordings. When applied to navigating larval zebrafish, BASS extracts a dictionary of remarkably long, non-Markovian sequences consisting of repeats and mixtures of slow forward and turn bouts. Applied to a novel chemotaxis assay, BASS uncovers conserved chemotactic strategies deployed by zebrafish to avoid aversive cues consisting of sequences of fast large-angle turns and burst swims. In a simulated dataset of soaring gliders climbing thermals, BASS finds the spiraling patterns characteristic of soaring behavior. In both cases, BASS succeeds in identifying action sequences that are highly conserved but transient in the behavior deployed by freely moving animals. BASS can be easily incorporated into the pipelines of existing behavioral analyses across diverse species, and even more broadly used as a generic algorithm for pattern recognition in low-dimensional sequential data. Copy rights belong to original authors. Visit the link for more info

Link to bioRxiv paper: http://biorxiv.org/cgi/content/short/2020.05.07.082271v1?rss=1 Authors: Dimitriadis, S. I., Messaritaki, E. I., Jones, D. K. Abstract: The human brain is a complex network of volumes of tissue (nodes) that are interconnected by white matter tracts (edges). It can be represented as a graph to allow us to use graph theory to gain insight into normal human development and brain disorders. Most graph theoretical metrics measure either whole-network (global) or node-specific (local) properties of the network. However, a critical question in network neuroscience is how nodes cluster together to form communities, each of which possibly plays a specific functional role. Community partition analysis allows us to investigate the mesoscale organization of the brain. Various algorithms have been proposed in the literature, that allow the identification of such communities, with each algorithm resulting in different communities for the network. Those communities also depend on the method used to weigh the edges of the graphs representing the brain networks. In this work, we use the test-retest data from the Human Connectome Project to compare 32 such community detection algorithms, each paired with 7 graph construction schemes, and assess the reproducibility of the resulting community partitions. The reproducibility of community partition depended heavily on both the graph construction scheme and the community detection algorithm. Hard community detection algorithms, via which each node is assigned to only one community, outperformed soft ones, via which each node can be a part of more than one community. The best reproducibility was observed for the graph construction scheme that combines 9 white matter tract metrics paired with the greedy stability optimization algorithm, with either discrete or continuous Markovian chain. This graph-construction scheme / community detection algorithm pair also gave the highest similarity between representative group community affiliation and individual community affiliation. Connector hubs were better reproduced than provincial hubs. Copy rights belong to original authors. Visit the link for more info

Welcome back to The Lituation Room a.k.a the Black Lightning Podcast! Join Britney Monae, Vanessa Shark, and Nate Milton as they close out Black History Month with a review of  Season 3 Episode 13 of Black Lightning. Listen as the crew discusses the awesome music, Markovia, Wayne Brady's debut as Gravedigger, and much more on this episode! Episode Synopsis: WAYNE BRADY (“WHOSE LINE IS IT ANYWAY?”) GUEST STARS IN THE EPISODE – Black Lightning (Cress Williams) and his team descend upon Markovia on a mission to rescue Lynn (Christine Adams) who finds herself in even more trouble when she meets Gravedigger (guest star Wayne Brady, “Whose Line Is It Anyway?”), a metahuman on the Markovian side. Nafessa Williams, China Anne McClain, James Remar, Damon Gupton, Marvin Jones III and Jordan Calloway also star. Salim Akil directed the episode written by Charles D. Holland & Asheleigh O. Conley (#313). Original airdate 2/10/2020.   Let the crew know what you think about this episode in the comments below, tweet, or email us! Or if you just want to send the lit crew some love, we’d appreciate that too. Don’t forget to check out all our links below. Stay lit! We out! Official Website: BlackLightningPodcast.com Social Media: Facebook – @BL_Podcast – Instagram Subscribe: Apple Podcasts – Stitcher Radio – YouTube – DC TV Podcasts – Google Play – iHeartRadio Contact Us: BlackLightningPodcast@gmail.com Support: TeePublic Store  

Black Lightning and his team descend upon Markovia on a mission to rescue Lynn, who finds herself in even more trouble when she meets a metahuman on the Markovian side.

The Lituation Room a.k.a. The Black Lightning Podcast is back! This week, Brother Nate & Vanessa Shark discuss Jefferson’s new arrangement with the ASA, Lynn dealing with her addiction on Markovian soil, the return of Dr. Jace, an awesome #ThunderGrace scene (!!!), Jennifer’s attempt to save Khalil, and so much more! So sit back and relax, because it’s […] The post Black Lightning Podcast Season 3 Episode 12 “The Book Of Markovia: Chapter Three – Motherless ID” appeared first on DC TV Podcasts.

The Lituation Room a.k.a. The Black Lightning Podcast is back! This week, Brother Nate & Vanessa Shark discuss Jefferson’s new arrangement with the ASA, Lynn dealing with her addiction on Markovian soil, the return of Dr. Jace, an awesome #ThunderGrace scene (!!!), Jennifer’s attempt to save Khalil, and so much more! So sit back and relax, because it’s […] The post Black Lightning Podcast Season 3 Episode 12 “The Book Of Markovia: Chapter Three – Motherless ID” appeared first on DC TV Podcasts.

The Lituation Room a.k.a. The Black Lightning Podcast is back! This week, Brother Nate & Vanessa Shark discuss Jefferson's new arrangement with the ASA, Lynn dealing with her addiction on Markovian soil, the return of Dr. Jace, an awesome #ThunderGrace scene (!!!), Jennifer's attempt to save Khalil, and so much more! So sit back and relax, because it's time to get lit with the crew!    Episode Synopsis: Jefferson (Cress Williams), Anissa (Nafessa Williams), and their team of "Outsiders" join forces with the ASA to help one of their own; Gambi (James remar) and Jennifer (China Anne McClain) try to save Khalil (Jordan Calloway), Lynn (Christine Adams) is forced to continue battling her demons with the help of an old "friend" (Jennifer Riker). Billie Woodruff directed the episode, and it was written by Adam Giaudrone & Lynelle White.   Official Website: BlackLightningPodcast.com Social Media: Facebook – @BL_Podcast – Instagram Subscribe: Apple Podcasts – Stitcher Radio – YouTube – DC TV Podcasts – Google Play – iHeartRadio Contact Us: BlackLightningPodcast@gmail.com Support: TeePublic Store  

The secret is finally out: Lynn is on green-light. This episode we swallow many hard truths as the truth of everyone's situation rises to the surface. Dr.Jace realizes if Lynn shares the recipe so save Marcovia’s metas she will be killed. Tobias can be made a vegetable now that he is out of the ASA’s hands. Finally, Jen brings back “the real” Khalil only for his first words ro be “you should have left me to die alone.” Although this was quite a heavy episode, next we will go to Markovburg for ASA/Pearce Family vs Markovian action. Be sure to check out the After Show hosted by: Lanisha Fisher (@lanisha914) , Drew Jones (@okdrewj), and Zuri Smith (@zurichellece) Follow us on http://www.Twitter.com/AfterBuzzTV "Like" Us on http://www.Facebook.com/AfterBuzzTV For more After Shows for your favorite TV shows and the latest news in TV, Film, and exclusive celebrity interviews, visit http://www.AfterBuzzTV.com --- This episode is sponsored by · Anchor: The easiest way to make a podcast. https://anchor.fm/app

On August 5th, 1996, at 3AM a user started posting hundreds of messages to various newsgroups across Usenet. User’s names and email addresses were random and partially obscured typically, and the messages were posted to at least a dozen newsgroups including alt.religion.christian, alt.religion.christian.boston-church, misc.education.homeschool.christian, rec.music.christian, uk.religion.christian, and news.admin.net-abuse.misc.

CJ and Prime talk about the first 3 episodes of Season 3 of Black Lightning. Markovian shenanigans, Agent Odell proxy wars, and the Pierce family trying to maneuver through it all. Also CJ and Prime talk a bit about the upcoming Crisis crossover as well. Site: www.3blackgeeks.com Facebook: www.facebook.com/3blackgeeks Join our Facebook Group: www.facebook.com/groups/813597965405307/

In 1996 an early form of a message board received hundreds of undecipherable messages from an unknown source. Then sometime around 2006 internet detectives may have blown the case wide open. For more information and to get some links to articles, pictures, and videos regarding this story please visit cloudedmysteries.com Follow us on twitter and Instagram @cloudedpodcast and like our Facebook page. "Creepy" and "Sad Day" by BenSound.com Beautiful Cinematic Orchestral - AShamaluevMusic. https://www.ashamaluevmusic.com One Story - song by Adam Vitovský --- This episode is sponsored by · Anchor: The easiest way to make a podcast. https://anchor.fm/app --- Send in a voice message: https://anchor.fm/clouded/message Support this podcast: https://anchor.fm/clouded/support

Season 3 of The CW drama Black Lightning, ended with a massive bang as it was revealed that the Markovian were on their way to Freeland. At this year’s San Diego Comic-Con, the cast of Black Lightning was present to preview the third season that will arrive in October. The Flash Podcast/Black Lightning Podcast took […] The post SDCC 2019 – Black Lightning Interview: Nafessa Williams on ThunderGrace & More in Season 3 appeared first on DC TV Podcasts.

Season 3 of The CW drama Black Lightning, ended with a massive bang as it was revealed that the Markovian were on their way to Freeland. At this year's San Diego Comic-Con, the cast of Black Lightning was present to preview the third season that will arrive in October. The Flash Podcast/Black Lightning Podcast took part in the press room this year to discuss with the actors on what to expect in Season 3. One of the talents that were present was Khalil Payne himself as Jordan Calloway chatted with the press about things to look forward to in the new season. Things that Calloway talked about included: *How Khalil's resurrection will affect him psychologically in the new season. *His hopes on seeing the Black Lightning universe getting involved with the Arrowverse. *What Khalil's view of his relationship with Jennifer is and where it may go in Season 3. Official Website: BlackLightningPodcast.com Social Media: Facebook – @BL_Podcast – Instagram Subscribe: Apple Podcasts – Stitcher Radio – YouTube – DC TV Podcasts – Google Play – iHeartRadio Contact Us: BlackLightningPodcast@gmail.com Support: TeePublic Store

Season 3 of The CW drama Black Lightning, ended with a massive bang as it was revealed that the Markovian were on their way to Freeland. At this year's San Diego Comic-Con, the cast of Black Lightning was present to preview the third season that will arrive in October. The Flash Podcast/Black Lightning Podcast took part in the press room this year to discuss with the actors on what to expect in Season 3. One of the talents that were present was Lightning herself as China Anne McClain chatted with the press about things to look forward to in the new season. Things that McClain talked about included: *What challenges Jennifer is going through in the new season after becoming Lightning. *Her hopes to see more screentime with Gambi in the third season. *What are things that she personally wants to see for Jennifer in Season 3. *Whether or not she and her father will be bonding more over their hero live as Jennifer will go through some things that Jefferson did. *Her excitement to see Jennifer deal with the double-life as both a regular teenager and a superhero. Official Website: BlackLightningPodcast.com Social Media: Facebook – @BL_Podcast – Instagram Subscribe: Apple Podcasts – Stitcher Radio – YouTube – DC TV Podcasts – Google Play – iHeartRadio Contact Us: BlackLightningPodcast@gmail.com Support: TeePublic Store

Season 3 of The CW drama Black Lightning, ended with a massive bang as it was revealed that the Markovian were on their way to Freeland. At this year's San Diego Comic-Con, the cast of Black Lightning was present to preview the third season that will arrive in October. The Flash Podcast/Black Lightning Podcast took part in the press room this year to discuss with the actors on what to expect in Season 3. One of the talents that were present was Lynn Stewart herself as Christine Adams chatted with the press about things to look forward to in the new season. Things that Adams talked about included: *What she can tease for Lynn with the Markovian's coming in the third season. *If she misses getting to play more to the family side of the show, given how much has happened in the past two seasons. *Where Lynn first started and how far she has come in the last two years. Official Website: BlackLightningPodcast.com Social Media: Facebook – @BL_Podcast – Instagram Subscribe: Apple Podcasts – Stitcher Radio – YouTube – DC TV Podcasts – Google Play – iHeartRadio Contact Us: BlackLightningPodcast@gmail.com Support: TeePublic Store

Season 3 of The CW drama Black Lightning, ended with a massive bang as it was revealed that the Markovian were on their way to Freeland. At this year's San Diego Comic-Con, the cast of Black Lightning was present to preview the third season that will arrive in October. The Flash Podcast/Black Lightning Podcast took part in the press room this year to discuss with the actors on what to expect in Season 3. One of the talents that were present was Thunder herself as Nafessa Williams chatted with the press about things to look forward to in the new season. Things that Williams talked about included: *What is coming up between Anissa and Grace in Season 3 since the events of Season 2. *Anissa's view on vigilantism and how she wants to keep Freeland safe. *What she has found the most interesting in Anissa's character development and where she wants to see it go in Season 3. Official Website: BlackLightningPodcast.com Social Media: Facebook – @BL_Podcast – Instagram Subscribe: Apple Podcasts – Stitcher Radio – YouTube – DC TV Podcasts – Google Play – iHeartRadio Contact Us: BlackLightningPodcast@gmail.com Support: TeePublic Store

Season 3 of The CW drama Black Lightning, ended with a massive bang as it was revealed that the Markovian were on their way to Freeland. At this year’s San Diego Comic-Con, the cast of Black Lightning was present to preview the third season that will arrive in October. The Flash Podcast/Black Lightning Podcast took […] The post SDCC 2019 – Black Lightning Interview: Christine Adams on Lynn’s Journey in Season 3 appeared first on DC TV Podcasts.

Season 3 of The CW drama Black Lightning, ended with a massive bang as it was revealed that the Markovian were on their way to Freeland. At this year's San Diego Comic-Con, the cast of Black Lightning was present to preview the third season that will arrive in October. The Flash Podcast/Black Lightning Podcast took part in the press room this year to discuss with the actors on what to expect in Season 3. One of the talents that were present was Tobias Whale himself as Marvin "Krondon" Jones III chatted with the press about things to look forward to in the new season. Things that Jones talked about included: *Where Tobias' state of mind is at right now after the fallout of the Season 2 finale. *How shocking some of Tobias' actions can be sometimes to Jones. *What he thinks was one of the biggest things to have happened to his character. Official Website: BlackLightningPodcast.com Social Media: Facebook – @BL_Podcast – Instagram Subscribe: Apple Podcasts – Stitcher Radio – YouTube – DC TV Podcasts – Google Play – iHeartRadio Contact Us: BlackLightningPodcast@gmail.com Support: TeePublic Store

Season 3 of The CW drama Black Lightning, ended with a massive bang as it was revealed that the Markovian were on their way to Freeland. At this year's San Diego Comic-Con, the cast of Black Lightning was present to preview the third season that will arrive in October. The Flash Podcast/Black Lightning Podcast took part in the press room this year to discuss with the actors on what to expect in Season 3. One of the talents that were present was Jefferson Pierce himself as Cress Williams chatted with the press about things to look forward to in the new season. Things that Williams talked about included: *If fans can expect to see more of Jefferson as a teacher in the new season, even though the Markovian is coming. *Teases that there may or may not be a suit upgrade in Season 3. *How Jennifer and Jefferson will take similar paths in the new season. Official Website: BlackLightningPodcast.com Social Media: Facebook – @BL_Podcast – Instagram Subscribe: Apple Podcasts – Stitcher Radio – YouTube – DC TV Podcasts – Google Play – iHeartRadio Contact Us: BlackLightningPodcast@gmail.com Support: TeePublic Store

Season 3 of The CW drama Black Lightning, ended with a massive bang as it was revealed that the Markovian were on their way to Freeland. At this year’s San Diego Comic-Con, the cast of Black Lightning was present to preview the third season that will arrive in October. The Flash Podcast/Black Lightning Podcast took […] The post SDCC 2019 – Black Lightning Interview: Jordan Calloway on Khalil’s Return in Season 3 appeared first on DC TV Podcasts.

Season 3 of The CW drama Black Lightning, ended with a massive bang as it was revealed that the Markovian were on their way to Freeland. At this year’s San Diego Comic-Con, the cast of Black Lightning was present to preview the third season that will arrive in October. The Flash Podcast/Black Lightning Podcast took […] The post SDCC 2019 – Black Lightning Interview: China Anne McClain on Lightning’s Challenges & More in Season 3 appeared first on DC TV Podcasts.

Season 3 of The CW drama Black Lightning, ended with a massive bang as it was revealed that the Markovian were on their way to Freeland. At this year’s San Diego Comic-Con, the cast of Black Lightning was present to preview the third season that will arrive in October. The Flash Podcast/Black Lightning Podcast took […] The post SDCC 2019 – Black Lightning Interview: Cress Williams Teases New Suit & More in Season 3 appeared first on DC TV Podcasts.

Season 3 of The CW drama Black Lightning, ended with a massive bang as it was revealed that the Markovian were on their way to Freeland. At this year’s San Diego Comic-Con, the cast of Black Lightning was present to preview the third season that will arrive in October. The Flash Podcast/Black Lightning Podcast took […] The post SDCC 2019 – Black Lightning Interview: Marvin “Krondon” Jones III on Tobias’ Journey in Season 3 appeared first on DC TV Podcasts.

Markov chains are a fairly common, and relatively simple, way to statistically model random processes. They have been used in many different domains, ranging from text generation to financial modeling. A popular example is r/SubredditSimulator, which uses Markov chains to automate the creation of content for an entire subreddit. Overall, Markov Chains are conceptually quite intuitive, and are very accessible in that they can be implemented without the use of any advanced statistical or mathematical concepts. They are a great way to start learning about probabilistic modeling and data science techniques. The Markov Chain is a model used to describe a sequence of consecutive events where the probability or chance of an event depends only on the event before it.If a sequence of events exhibits the Markov Property of the reliance on the previous state, then the sequence is called ‘Markovian’ in nature. For some problems in Reinforcement Learning, the actions performed in a particular state is directly related to the previous state, the actions performed in that state and the rewards that the agent receives upon performing said actions.We from BEPEC are ready to help you and make you shift your career at any cost.For more details visit: https://www.bepec.in/machinelearningcourseBepec registration form : https://www.bepec.in/registration-formCheck our youtube channel for more videos and please subscribe: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCn1U...Check our Instagram page: https://instagram.com/bepec_solutions/Check our Facebook Page : https://www.facebook.com/Bepecsolutions/

Black Lightning: Book of the Apocalypse: Alpha and Omega We're back (well some of us) for the final episodes of Black Lightning and boy is it a doozy. In the final three episodes, they resurrect just as many characters including Lala, who is apparently immortal because Lazarus (played by the inimitable Michael Wright) brought him back from the dead twice. Also back from the dead are Reverend Holt, who doesn't know what a podcast is because he's using it to call people to the church during a riot and Khalil, who Agent Odell has been keeping in a pod along with Wendy and Issa. If all that isn't crazy enough for you, the teleporting meta we met about 5 episodes ago, returns looking for Dr. Jace. Apparently, he's a Markovian mercenary sent to retrieve her because the Markovians have an army of metas in pods they want to launch. And Tobias, who has been building his own metahuman army all season, abandons that plan in a fit of rage so he can terrorize Black Lightning. His plan immediately backfires when the disoriented pod kids just wander off into the streets of Freeland without attacking. So if you're thinking, did ANY of plot we were building this season matter? The answer is no. We've had sixteen episodes just to end up with Jennifer in a suit. Tobias turned out to be a straw man and now the Markovians are the big bad for season 3 even though the show has done little to nothing to introduce them as a credible threat. Black Lightning may not be a lost cause but if we're going to enjoy this show, we're going to have to turn our brain off. We'll see if things change next fall but for right now, it's a wrap for the Pierces.   Like what you hear? Subscribe so you don't miss an episode!     Follow us on Twitter: @TheMTRNetwork @shittybonmots @TheDrIsIn2015 Our shirts are now on TeePublic:  https://teepublic.com/stores/mtr-network   Want more podcast greatness? Sign up for a MTR Premium Account!

Black Lightning: The Book of Secrets Chapters 1-3 We're winding down folks and unless something changes soon, Black Lightning might have to go the way of Gotham. Unfortunately, "The Book of Secrets" isn't officially done (chapter 4 doesn't drop until March 4th) so we can't definitively say this chapter was better than The Book of Rebellion but watching the show by book was a slight improvement. Tobias disappointed with the reveal of his master plan. While it seemed like he was gearing up for a massive takeover of Freeland, his goals are pretty small potatoes. Tobias plans to rent out the pod kids and a group of special pods from Markovia to the highest bidder. He's gone from dealing drugs to dealing metahumans. We had higher hopes for him too. Anissa is focused on Grace who can't control her powers. Grace leaves town so Anissa uses the resources of the Black Cave to dig into Grace's past. Turns out she was trafficked and forced into prostitution as a child and Grace Choi is the identity she created for herself once she escaped. This is a great potential storyline (especially if Tobias captures Grace and tries to force her into his Rent-A-Meta program) but we're not sure if the writers will capitalize on this or drop the ball again. Lynn and Jefferson are finally getting it together in their personal lives but their professional lives are a mess. Jefferson has the opportunity to get his school back from Massa Lowry but lets him stay in charge because Jefferson doesn't feel that he can fully give his attention to the school. This would be noble if Jefferson and everyone else would stop blaming him for not being around ONCE! One whole time he was being Black Lightning instead of Jefferson Pierce and he almost died and everyone is acting like he's been a consistently negligent principal. Lynn refuses to work with Dr. Jace who has been brought back into the fold since the Markovians want to abduct her and Lynn to work on their secret metahuman project. Because Lynn refuses to be in the same room as Jace, she doesn't realize that Jace is secretly working with Tobias and when Tobias comes to take the pod kids, Jace escapes as well. Currently, Jace is needed because she knows about the pods and she was the scientist who started the Markovian project. Only one of the Markovian pods has been opened and it contains one of the Masters of Disaster, Shakedown (Hosea Chanchez). This partnership is ripe for disaster (no pun intended) since Shakedown is holding a grudge against Jace and Tobias will get rid of anyone who becomes expendable (R.I.P. Todd, we hardly knew ye) Finally, Jenn is holding down the only truly compelling storyline on the show. Despite Reverend Holt's prayers (R.I.P. Rev), having his spine pulled out is the final nail in Khalil's coffin. He dies after a lovely scene where Jenn goes into his mind and gives them one last dance at prom. But now that Khalil is dead, Jenn is filled with a lot of rage. Combined with the fact that she may be more powerful than a nuclear bomb, Perenna tells Jenn she has to get this under control before she literally explodes. Right now, Jenn's struggle to control her powers and her quest for vengeance is the best reason to watch Black Lightning. China's acting is great and for a superhuman teen, Jenn as a character is pretty relatable. We'll see what happens in March as we close out The Book of Secrets but right now, Black Lightning isn't the show we fell in love with even with its moments of fun. Check out the full podcast and let us know how you feel.   Like what you hear? Subscribe so you don't miss an episode!     Follow us on Twitter: @TheMTRNetwork @shittybonmots @TheDrIsIn2015 Our shirts are now on TeePublic:  https://teepublic.com/stores/mtr-network   Want more podcast greatness? Sign up for a MTR Premium Account!

En 1996, un étrange message codé est envoyé sur des centaines de groupes de discussions sur Usenet. Ce message, intitulé Markovian Parallax Denigrate, comporte plusieurs lignes de codes qui, à ce jour, n'ont toujours pas été décryptées. Le message est envoyé de la part d'une certaine Susan Lindauer, une femme mystérieuse liée à la CIA, bien connue du monde des théories du complot autour du 11 septembre. Quelle est donc la signification de ces messages? Est-ce possible qu'il s'agissait d'un avertissement? Aidez-nous à résoudre un des plus vieux mystères de l'Internet! Le livre Distorsion - 13 Histoires étranges de l'ère numérique, disponible partout: Europe: https://www.distorsion.fr/ Canada: https://www.leslibraires.ca/ Visitez la boutique en ligne de Distorsion pour voir nos t-shirts et accessoires: https://www.boutique.distorsionpodcast.com

En 1996, un étrange message codé est envoyé sur des centaines de groupes de discussions sur Usenet. Ce message, intitulé Markovian Parallax Denigrate, comporte plusieurs lignes de codes qui, à ce jour, n’ont toujours pas été décryptées. Le message est envoyé de la part d’une certaine Susan Lindauer, une femme mystérieuse liée à la CIA, bien connue du monde des théories du complot autour du 11 septembre. Quelle est donc la signification de ces messages? Est-ce possible qu’il s’agissait d’un avertissement? Aidez-nous à résoudre un des plus vieux mystères de l’Internet! Le livre Distorsion - 13 Histoires étranges de l’ère numérique, disponible partout: Europe: https://www.distorsion.fr/ Canada: https://www.leslibraires.ca/ Visitez la boutique en ligne de Distorsion pour voir nos t-shirts et accessoires: https://www.boutique.distorsionpodcast.com

En 1996, un étrange message codé est envoyé sur des centaines de groupes de discussions sur Usenet. Ce message, intitulé Markovian Parallax Denigrate, comporte plusieurs lignes de codes qui, à ce jour, n’ont toujours pas été décryptées. Le message est envoyé de la part d’une certaine Susan Lindauer, une femme mystérieuse liée à la CIA, bien connue du monde des théories du complot autour du 11 septembre. Quelle est donc la signification de ces messages? Est-ce possible qu’il s’agissait d’un avertissement? Aidez-nous à résoudre un des plus vieux mystères de l’Internet! Le livre Distorsion - 13 Histoires étranges de l’ère numérique, disponible partout: Europe: https://www.distorsion.fr/ Canada: https://www.leslibraires.ca/ Visitez la boutique en ligne de Distorsion pour voir nos t-shirts et accessoires: https://www.boutique.distorsionpodcast.com

In the 1990s, a pre-internet called Usenet developed a bit of a spam problem. Hundreds of messages titled Markovian Parallax Denigrate were posted over the course of one day, but decades later something more interesting was discovered about them.

Starling Tribune - Season 4 Edition – Episode 15: Taken (A CW Network Arrow Television Show Fan Podcast)   The Official Arrow Podcast of the Gonna Geek Network   As Arrow reaching the mid-Spring-Break-season finale, the Reporters have a ton to talk about including: - William Kidnapping not as catastrophic as SP feared - Samantha Clayton still lives (for now) (#AnnaHopkinsForCaptainMarvel) - Role of parents in the Arrow Universe - Speedy is done with DaddyMalcolm - Fights on screen are as good as ever - Diggle was cool on snipper duty - Magically Dramatic Rain effect #DigitalRain - Damian Lost His Powers! - Vixen was great, which animal totem was the best? - Conklin is back? - We get our Arrow Cave - Samantha Clayton knows who The Flash is now – way to go Oliver and Vixen - Was Oliver at fault for Felicity's break-up? - At this time Damian doesn't know that the Green Arrow is Oliver!   This week brings the reporters to total confusion on “Who's In The Grave.” The reporters wrap up the episode with a list of Easter Eggs, Arrow News, Feedback and comments from the chat. Thank you for downloading and listening!   Transcript:         http://transcripts.foreverdreaming.org/viewtopic.php?f=172&t=25574 Episode:            “Taken” [Season 4 Episode 15] Air Date:           Wednesday, February 24th, 2016 Director:           Gregory Smith 2ep Arrow | 2ep LoT | 4ep Saving Hope | 5ep Rookie Blue Story:   Marc Guggenheim Teleplay:           Keto Shimizu: 23ep Exec-Story Ed. | 11ep Writer | 6ep Vixen writer | Being human, The Cape...             Brian Ford Sullivan: 6ep Writer | 4ep Teleplay | 6ep Vixen IMDB Link:        http://www.imdb.com/title/tt4862540/?ref_=ttep_ep15   EPISODE DC EASTER EGGS:   Season 4 Episode 15 “Taken” Easter Eggs (Date: 25 Feb 2016) Article: http://comicbook.com/2016/02/25/arrow-easter-eggs-and-dc-comics-references-in-taken/ Taken - name of the Liam Neeson Series of movies Olympics - Meh, not a DC easter egg. William - Meh, not a DC easter egg. Time Travel Deja vu - lines Felicity said were repeated from the Flash Episode Constantine in Hell - Lots of Hellblazer storylines with Constantine in hell Vixen - pretty obvious - we discussed her DC “Roots” last week (no pun intended, ok, it was) “Animated Encounter” - reference to the Vixen animated series on CW Seed “I had that under control” - repeated line in CW Arrowverse “Don't you dare tell Barry about this” - Vixen outs Barry's secret identity News 52 mic flag again Reference to “an army of little Olivers” - Connor Hawke? Nelson Plaza - reference to DC Entertainment President Diane Nelson Den Of Geek is keeping a running tally of Season 4 Easter Eggs (Date: xx Nov 2015) Article: http://www.denofgeek.us/books-comics/arrow/249909/arrow-season-4-complete-dc-comics-references-guide   ARROW NEWS:   TV Line's Who's In The Grave Summary - Updated (Date: 23 Feb 2016) I would updated it again given that last night Baby Momma and William go away... Link: http://tvline.com/gallery/arrow-season-4-who-died/#!1/arrow-season-4-who-died-9/   SPOILER: Marc Guggenheim on Olicity (Date: 25 Feb 2016) Marc Guggenheim commented on the Oliver & Felicity wedding picture - not a hoax or fake-out Link: http://comicbook.com/2016/02/24/arrow-producer-says-olicity-wedding-is-not-a-dream-sequence/   Stephen Amell introduces Madison McLaughlin as (Date: 25 Feb 2016) Character not disclosed, episode not disclosed. Looks like they're planning something... IMDB: http://www.imdb.com/name/nm3028348/  With credits on Supernatural & The Mentalist Link: http://comicbook.com/2016/02/25/stephen-amell-announces-madison-mclaughlin-to-appear-on-arrow/   Stephen Amell would love to do an episode of Supergirl (Date: 25 Feb 2016) Talks about how he loves representing the DC TV universe and would love to film in LA (at home) Link: http://comicbook.com/2016/02/25/arrows-stephen-amell-would-love-to-do-a-supergirl-crossover/   Stephen Amell shares close-up of “Old-Man Arrow” on LoT (Date: 25 Feb 2016) Nice close up shot of an of aged Oliver Queen. Solid LoT makeup department. Link: http://comicbook.com/2016/02/25/stephen-amell-shares-close-up-of-old-man-green-arrow-on-dcs-lege/   Concept Art!! Vixen's Costume (Arrow) and Ollie cyber-arm (LoT) (Date: 23 Feb 2016) Interesting detail of costume and amulet. Very Cool concept art for Ollie's arm. Link: http://www.comicbookresources.com/article/arrow-ep-shares-vixen-concept-art Link: http://www.comicbookmovie.com/dc_tv/legends_of_tomorrow/get-a-better-look-at-green-arrows-metal-arm-in-new-a131452   SPOILER: Legends of Tomorrow: Deathstroke 2046 Revealed as… (Date: 25 Feb 2016) Grant Wilson, son of Slade Wilson, who was the original Ravager, hired by HIVE to take out T.Titans Link: http://comicbook.com/2016/02/25/legends-of-tomorrow-deathstroke-of-star-city-2046s-identity-reve   SOME GENERAL DC NEWS AND DISCUSSION   Cast for the New DC Show “Powerless” Announced (Date: 23 Feb 2016) Alan Tudyk from Firefly and Danny Pudi from Community :) Link: http://comicbook.com/2016/02/23/dc-comics-sitcom-powerless-adds-alan-tudyk-danny-pudi-and-christ/   R-Rated Director's Edition of Batman V. Superman DoJ (Date: 25 Feb 2016) Notes: SP & Chris will share their thoughts on this Link: http://screenrant.com/batman-v-superman-r-rated-directors-cut-mistake/   ARROW CAST & CREW INTERVIEWS   TV Line interviews Emily Bett Rickards  (Date: 23 Feb 2016) Notes: Fan theory at the end - Ghost Felicity in the car Link: http://tvline.com/2016/02/22/arrow-season-4-emily-bett-rickards-preview-felicity-oliver-william/   IGN Interviews Stephen Amell  (Date: 23 Feb 2016) Notes: Stephen Amell - superhero costumes on set don't fit perfectly for action the first time Link: http://ca.ign.com/articles/2016/02/23/arrow-stephen-amell-on-vixens-introduction-and-olivers-son-being-targeted   Megalyn E.K. interviewed by comicbook.com (Date: 25 Feb 2016) Notes: didn't know about live action until early Jan. Possibility for a Flash appearance, first DC character from a real city vs. a fictional one. Link: http://comicbook.com/2016/02/24/megalyn-echikunwoke-talks-vixens-transition-to-live-action-deadp/   Megalyn E.K. interviewed by CBR  (Date: 24 Feb 2016) Notes: Really excited to be first woman DC Black live action super hero. Was open to “pixie-cut” hair. Discusses making the move from voice-acting to real life, and background as a dancer IRL. Link: http://www.comicbookresources.com/article/arrow-megalyn-ek-calls-vixen-a-dream-come-true   Wendy Mericle talks about Megalyn E.K. in Vixen preview clip (Date: 24 Feb 2016) Link: http://www.comicbookmovie.com/dc_tv/arrow/new-arrow-clip-sees-vixen-take-down-the-bad-guys-a131412 Video: https://youtu.be/K5ubtNyOthw   GREEN ARROW COMICS & TOY NEWS   Multimedia: DC All Access App Released (Date: 25 Feb 2016) Note: this is potentially a big deal.. There has been no DC presence in digital comics outside Comixology, including no digital copies of books like Marvel Link: http://www.comicbookresources.com/article/dc-all-access-mobile-app-unites-dcs-films-tv-comics   Toys: Funko announces new DC Pops! (Can you say Boob Window) (Date: 23 Feb 2016) New Pop Funkos of Firestorm (classic), Supergirl, Powergirl, Black Manta, Cyborg Link: http://toynewsi.com/news.php?itemid=26007   Comics: Dark Archer Issue #4 (Direct to Digital) (Date: 24 Feb 2016) Synopsis: After Merlyn's captor is revealed, Malcolm begins his confession… Link: https://www.comixology.com/Arrow-The-Dark-Archer-2016-4/digital-comic/337421   Comics: Suicide Squad Most Wanted: Deadshot & Katana Issue #2 (Date: 24 Feb 2016) Synopsis: Katana has done her best to prepare her Markovian friends for Kobra's occupation, and now it's time to search for Doctor Jace. Finding her way through a mountain pass full of Kobra's Blackadder troops proves to be a bigger challenge than she expected-especially when she cannot go it alone! *Meanwhile, Deadshot abandons his post with the Suicide Squad to deal with some long overdue family business. Will Floyd finish the job before Amanda Waller detonates his nano-bomb? Link: https://www.comixology.com/Suicide-Squad-Most-Wanted-Deadshot-and-Katana-2016-2/digital-comic/337426?ref=bGlzdC92aWV3L2Rlc2t0b3AvZ3JpZExpc3QvbGlzdDEwMTg1   FEEDBACK:   Voicemail – Black Adam NEXT EPISODE   Part 2a: Episode:            “Broken Hearts” [Season 4 Episode 16] Trailer:  https://youtu.be/5Y-_6wl9KW0 Air Date:           Wednesday, March 23rd, 2016 Director:           John F. Showalter 1st ep Arrow | 1ep LoT | 3ep Flash | 15ep Supernatural | 1ep Supergirl                                          1ep Forever | 3ep The100 | 1ep Constantine | 3ep Revolution | 1ep Alphas                                          10ep Mentalist | 1ep Sleepy Hollow | 1ep Nikita Writers: Rebecca Bellotto: 1st ep Arrow. |  Relative newcomer to the scene from misc production staff             Nolan Dunbar: 1st ep Arrow | 1 other writing credit, but a bunch of Asst. Director Synopsis:          No synopsis has been made available yet. IMDB Link:        http://www.imdb.com/title/tt4862544/?ref_=tt_ep_nx Promo:  http://comicbook.com/2016/02/25/arrow-broken-hearts-extended-trailer-released/   Part 2b: Starling Tribune Hiatus Plan No new episode next week, so instead we're going to take a look at... Arrow Season 2.5 Writers:             Marc Guggenheim, Keto Shimizu, Brian Ford Sullivan Artists: Joe Bennett, Szymon Kudranski, Craig Yeung Release Date:    (Digital) Sep 1, 2014 | (Collected) Oct 2015 Wikia: http://arrow.wikia.com/wiki/Arrow:_Season_2.5 Comixology: https://www.comixology.com/Arrow-Season-2-5-2014/digital-comic/291228?ref=c2VyaWVzL3ZpZXcvZGVza3RvcC9ncmlkTGlzdC9Db2xsZWN0ZWRFZGl0aW9ucw Hollywood Reporter: http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/live-feed/arrow-season-25-reveals-hidden-729128     Tune in to see what the Starling Tribune crew thinks will happen this season on Arrow based off what we've seen so far. After the show wraps keep listening as we bring fans on the show discuss their theories for season 4.   If you missed us live catch us next time and chime in yourself! Plus you won't miss out on our live post-show conversations.   Join The Starling Tribune each week as we stream live on Thursday nights at 9:00 PM eastern or 8:00 PM Central at gonnageek.com/live. Join the fun chatroom and interact with the hosts live. Contact us: @StarlingTribune - starlingtribune@gmail.com - www.starlingtribune.com - www.facebook.com/starlingtribune - 612-888-CAVE or 612-888-2283.   Starling Tribune is proud to be a member of the GonnaGeek network found at GonnaGeek.com. For more geeky podcast visit GonnaGeek.com.   You can find us on iTunes under ''Starling Tribune." We are very thankful for all of our positive iTunes reviews. You can find all our contact information here on the Network page of GonnaGeek.com Our complete archive is always available at www.starlingtribune.com   Chris and SP will be at C2E2 in Chicago on March 18th, 2016 with several other GonnaGeek network podcast hosts for a panel on “Everyday Podcasting For Your Everyday Life.” Come out and meet the hosts and have your podcast question answered!   This podcast was recorded Thursday February 18th, 2016.   Thank you for listening and we hope you enjoyed the show!

Are you here by chance? Does probability exist? Can we decide if the world is deterministic? Is probability an outcome of our ignorance, & are we ‘forced’ to model using probabilities? Is there a trade-off between hardness and randomness? How did statistical modeling & probabilistic reasoning help establish irrefutably that smoking causes cancer? Why is Law of Large Numbers true? What does sampling mean in a world with Big Data? Is Brownian motion invariance principles manifesting themselves in a different space? Is probability theory merely a mathematical model which fits the world ‘very often’? In what sense is quantum mechanical uncertainty different? Can probability help gather knowledge about the world without intervention? Can randomness be generated? Is the best estimate of tomorrow’s (Markovian) weather today’s weather? Is the (need for the) probability of missing the train going to be different in the future? Is DNA sequence random? Would understanding biological systems using probability be a key endeavour for the future? Is it also important to regain a sophisticated understanding of probability besides just calculating? SynTalk thinks about these & more questions using concepts from computer science (Prof. Jaikumar Radhakrishnan, TIFR, Mumbai), mathematics (Prof. Rahul Roy, ISI, New Delhi), & philosophy (Dr. Federica Russo, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands). Listen in....

Proud member of Omega Nerds Network   Check out Brock's stuff conspiratorbrock.com   comic-conspiracy   Don't forget Hero Movie Podcast   Follow the show on Twitter: @hvpodcast   Email the show: laundryroombruce@gmail.com   This week Brock joins me to discuss his favorite comic book character, Geo-Force. We talk about this little used super hero from the Markovian royal family. Obviously we discuss his relationship with Batman as a founding member of the Outsiders. Listen and enjoy!

Quantitative analysis by means of discrete-state stochastic processes is hindered by the well-known phenomenon of state-space explosion, whereby the size of the state space may have an exponential growth with the number of objects in the model. When the stochastic process underlies a Markovian process algebra model, this problem may be alleviated by suitable notions of behavioural equivalence that induce lumping at the underlying continuous-time Markov chain, establishing an exact relation between a potentially much smaller aggregated chain and the original one. However, in the modelling of massively distributed computer systems, even aggregated chains may be still too large for efficient numerical analysis. Recently this problem has been addressed by fluid techniques, where the Markov chain is approximated by a system of ordinary differential equations (ODEs) whose size does not depend on the number of the objects in the model. The technique has been primarily applied in the case of massively replicated sequential processes with small local state space sizes. This thesis devises two different approaches that broaden the scope of applicability of efficient fluid approximations. Fluid lumpability applies in the case where objects are composites of simple objects, and aggregates the potentially massive, naively constructed ODE system into one whose size is independent from the number of composites in the model. Similarly to quasi and near lumpability, we introduce approximate fluid lumpability that covers ODE systems which can be aggregated after a small perturbation in the parameters. The technique of spatial aggregation, instead, applies to models whose objects perform a random walk on a two-dimensional lattice. Specifically, it is shown that the underlying ODE system, whose size is proportional to the number of the regions, converges to a system of partial differential equations of constant size as the number of regions goes to infinity. This allows for an efficient analysis of large-scale mobile models in continuous space like ad hoc networks and multi-agent systems.

Speaker: Prof. M. Alanyali Abstract: This talk will touch on wireless coexistence issues that arise due to higher spatial density of spectrum usage. We consider a fairness perspective for autonomous scheduling of transmissions by distinct sessions, subject to constraints that are represented by a conflict graph. The emphasis is on randomized backoff-based CSMA algorithms. The resulting transmission dynamics is represented by a Markovian model whose analysis suggests practical challenges in fair sharing of spectrum by distinct sessions that subscribe to a common standard, as well as by those that do not possess a common signaling protocol.

Speaker: Prof. M. Alanyali Abstract: This talk will touch on wireless coexistence issues that arise due to higher spatial density of spectrum usage. We consider a fairness perspective for autonomous scheduling of transmissions by distinct sessions, subject to constraints that are represented by a conflict graph. The emphasis is on randomized backoff-based CSMA algorithms. The resulting transmission dynamics is represented by a Markovian model whose analysis suggests practical challenges in fair sharing of spectrum by distinct sessions that subscribe to a common standard, as well as by those that do not possess a common signaling protocol.

In this thesis we consider recent developments in insurance and electricity financial products. In particular, we investigate the interplay between insurance and finance, and therein the problem of pricing catastrophe insurance options written on a loss index as well as electricity products. Catastrophe insurance options are standardized exchange-traded financial securities based on an underlying index, e.g. a PCS index, that encompasses insurance losses due to natural catastrophes. The PCS index is provided by the Property Claim Services (PCS), a US independent industry authority which estimates catastrophic property damage. The advantages of the catastrophe options in comparison to other capital market insurance solutions are lower transaction costs relative to the re-insurance and minimal credit risk, because of the guarantee of the exchange. The main results of the thesis are fairly realistic models for catastrophe loss indexes and electricity futures markets, where by employing Fourier transform techniques we are able to provide analytical pricing formulas for European type options traded in the markets. For the catastrophe loss index we specify a model, where the initial estimate of each catastrophe loss is re-estimated immediately by a positive martingale starting from the random time of loss occurrence. Significant advantage of this methodology is that it can be applied to loss distributions with heavy tails -- the appropriate tail behavior for catastrophe modeling. The case when the re-estimation factors are given by positive affine martingales is also discussed and a characterization of positive affine local martingales is provided. For electricity futures markets we derive a model, where we can simultaneously model evolution of futures and spot prices. At the same time we have an explicit connection between electricity futures and spot price processes. Furthermore, an important achievement is that the spot price dynamics in this model becomes multi-dimensional Markovian. The Markovian structure is crucial for pricing of path dependent electricity options.

Traditionally, host-based anomaly detection has dealt with system call sequences, but not with system call arguments. We propose a prototype which is capable of detecting anomalous system calls in an execution flow, thus helping in tracing intrusions. Our tool analyzes each argument of the system call, characterizing its contents and comparing it with a model of the content. It is able to cluster system calls and detect "different uses" of the same syscall in different points of different programs. It is also able to build a Markovian model of the sequence, which is then used to trace and flag anomalies. Stefano Zanero received a Ph.D. degree in Computer Engineering from the Politecnico of Milano technical university, where he is currently spending his post-doc. His current research interests include the development of Intrusion Detection Systems based on unsupervised learning algorithms, security of web applications and computer virology. He has been a speaker at international scientific and technical conferences, and he is the author and co-author of books and articles published in international, peer reviewed journals and conferences. He is a member of the board of the "Journal in Computer Virology", and acts as a reviewer for the "ACM Computing Reviews" and "IEEE Security&Privacy", as well as various primary international conferences. He is a member of the IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers), the ACM (Association for Computing Machinery), and of ISSA (Information Systems Security Association). He has also been a columnist for Computer World Italy, and has been awarded a journalism award in 2003. Since 2004 he is a partner and CTO of Secure Network, a firm specializing in information security training and consulting, based in Milan."

"Traditionally, host-based anomaly detection has dealt with system call sequences, but not with system call arguments. We propose a prototype which is capable of detecting anomalous system calls in an execution flow, thus helping in tracing intrusions. Our tool analyzes each argument of the system call, characterizing its contents and comparing it with a model of the content. It is able to cluster system calls and detect "different uses" of the same syscall in different points of different programs. It is also able to build a Markovian model of the sequence, which is then used to trace and flag anomalies. Stefano Zanero received a Ph.D. degree in Computer Engineering from the Politecnico of Milano technical university, where he is currently spending his post-doc. His current research interests include the development of Intrusion Detection Systems based on unsupervised learning algorithms, security of web applications and computer virology. He has been a speaker at international scientific and technical conferences, and he is the author and co-author of books and articles published in international, peer reviewed journals and conferences. He is a member of the board of the "Journal in Computer Virology", and acts as a reviewer for the "ACM Computing Reviews" and "IEEE Security&Privacy", as well as various primary international conferences. He is a member of the IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers), the ACM (Association for Computing Machinery), and of ISSA (Information Systems Security Association). He has also been a columnist for Computer World Italy, and has been awarded a journalism award in 2003. Since 2004 he is a partner and CTO of Secure Network, a firm specializing in information security training and consulting, based in Milan."

We use a discrete time analysis, giving necessary and sufficient conditions for the almost sure convergence of ARCH(1) and GARCH(1,1) discrete time models, tosuggest an extension of the (G)ARCH concept to continuous time processes. Our "COGARCH" (continuous time GARCH) model, based on a single background driving Levy process, is different from, though related to, other continuous time stochastic volatility models that have been proposed. The model generalises the essential features of discrete time GARCH processes, and is amenable to further analysis, possessing useful Markovian and stationarity properties.

In this paper we model the life-history of LTC patients using a Markovian multi-state model in order to calculate premiums for a given LTC-plan. Instead of estimating the transition intensities in this model we use the approach suggested by Andersen et al. (2003) for a direct estimation of the transition probabilities. Based on the Aalen-Johansen estimator, an almost unbiased estimator for the transition matrix of a Markovian multi-state model, we calculate so-called pseudo-values, known from Jackknife methods. Further, we assume that the relationship between these pseudo-values and the covariates of our data are given by a GLM with the logit as link-function. Since the GLMs do not allow for correlation between successive observations we use instead the "Generalized Estimating Equations" (GEEs) to estimate the parameters of our regression model. The approach is illustrated using a representative sample from a German LTC portfolio.

This paper studies a game of strategic experimentation with two-armed bandits whose risky arm might yield a payoff only after some exponentially distributed random time. Because of free-riding, there is an inefficiently low level of experimentation in any equilibrium where the players use stationary Markovian strategies with posterior beliefs as the state variable. After characterizing the unique symmetric Markovian equilibrium of the game, which is in mixed strategies, we construct a variety of pure-strategy equilibria. There is no equilibrium where all players use simple cut-off strategies. Equilibria where players switch finitely often between the roles of experimenter and free-rider all lead to the same pattern of information acquisition; the efficiency of these equilibria depends on the way players share the burden of experimentation among them. In equilibria where players switch roles infinitely often, they can acquire an approximately efficient amount of information, but the rate at which it is acquired still remains inefficient; moreover, the expected payoff of an experimenter exhibits the novel feature that it rises as players become more pessimistic. Finally, over the range of beliefs where players use both arms a positive fraction of the time, the symmetric equilibrium is dominated by any asymmetric one in terms of aggregate payoffs.

We use a discrete time analysis, giving necessary and sufficient conditions for the almost sure convergence of ARCH(1) and GARCH(1,1) discrete time models, to suggest an extension of the (G)ARCH concept to continuous time processes. The models, based on a single background driving Levy process, are different from, though related to, other continuous time stochastic volatility models that have been proposed. Our models generalise the essential features of discrete time GARCH processes, and are amenable to further analysis, possessing useful Markovian and stationarity properties.

Link to bioRxiv paper: http://biorxiv.org/cgi/content/short/2020.04.17.046862v1?rss=1 Authors: Cone, I., Shouval, H. Abstract: The ability to express and learn temporal sequences is an essential part of learning and memory. Learned temporal sequences are expressed in multiple brain regions and as such there may be common design in the circuits that mediate it. This work proposes a substrate for such representations, via a biophysically realistic network model that can robustly learn and recall discrete sequences of variable order and duration. The model consists of a network of spiking leaky-integrate-and-fire model neurons placed in a modular architecture designed to resemble cortical microcolumns. Learning is performed via a learning rule with 'eligibility traces', which hold a history of synaptic activity before being converted into changes in synaptic strength upon neuromodulator activation. Before training, the network responds to incoming stimuli, and contains no memory of any particular sequence. After training, presentation of only the first element in that sequence is sufficient for the network to recall an entire learned representation of the sequence. An extended version of the model also demonstrates the ability to successfully learn and recall non-Markovian sequences. This model provides a possible framework for biologically realistic sequence learning and memory, and is in agreement with recent experimental results, which have shown sequence dependent plasticity in sensory cortex. Copy rights belong to original authors. Visit the link for more info