Podcasts about Biosynthesis

In the episode, we will explore a common problem with Autism- the Gastrointestinal Tract. The one consistent finding with Autism and GI is a problem exists. However, research on complicated in these complicated and complex areas of human biology despite what appears to be tight controls in the studies. However, one crucial component is missing- Light. In this episode, we will cover how biology structures order from the light input and the chaos from the environment.Major Areas include Enterochromaffin Cells, Serotonin, Aromatic Amino Acids, Vitamin D, Enteric Nervous System, the endocrine systems, and the Hypothalamic-Pitutary-Adrenal Axis.Cause of Autism: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/from-the-spectrum-finding-superpowers-with-autism/id1737499562?i=1000662271496Su study: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41564-024-01739-1Sunlight and Vitamin D: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3897598/Multi-Axis-Meta-Analysis https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-022-21327-9Quantum Engineering 33, 54, and 55 https://www.patreon.com/DrJackKruse/postsDaylight Computer Companyuse "autism" for $25 off athttps://buy.daylightcomputer.com/RYAN03139Chroma Iight Devicesuse "autism" for 10% discount athttps://getchroma.co/?ref=autism(0:00) Autism and the GI Tract; inconsistent research; Order versus Chaos- Light and Environment and Health Conditions(3:10) The GI Tract; Gut-Brain Axis; Gut Microbiome and Various Nervous Systems(6:22) POMC; HPA; Stress example(8:19) Common Autism problems in the GI(9:23) Enterochromaffin Cells; Serotonin; Immune and Inflammation(14:09) Melanin/POMC; Clock-Timing; Omentum(16:31) Real-life Acute GI Fix; Bacteria makes Dopamine in the Gut(19:04) Vitamin D Receptors and more Clock-Timing(22:13) Obesity and Autism connection? (uncoupled systems); Biosynthesis of Vit D and specific Wavelength of Light with Shared Biological Processes- DNA, RNA, Aromatic Amino Acids(24:33) Avoiding UV Light implications(26:18) Scientific Literature; Archaea, Bacteria, Fungi, Virus; "confounding" data(30:03) Ubiquinol-7, COQ10, Thiamine Diphosphate; TCA cycles(32:38) Controls (plural) in Research and lack of Control (singular); LIGHT is GREATER than FOOD(38:27) Reviews/Ratings and Contact InfoX: https://x.com/rps47586YT: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCGxEzLKXkjppo3nqmpXpzuAEmail: info.fromthespectrum@gmail.com

This podcast summarizes the 4 major cellular uses of cholesterol, its biosynthesis, and the regulation of the rate-limiting enzyme HMG CoA reductase by intracellular cholesterol.The podcast further describes the biochemical mechanism involved in the reduction of plasma cholesterol by statin treatment. Ultimately, statins reduce cholesterol synthesis in the liver, which in turn results in the increased gene expression of the LDL receptor in the liver. Consequently, the increased number of LDL receptors on hepatocyte cell surface increases the uptake of LDL from plasma, thus reducing plasma cholesterol. This biochemistry content may be useful to premedical and medical students. Similar content is available at:Check out similar content at: Medbiochem.orgAlso check out the regulation of HMG CoA reductase podcast below:https://youtu.be/FNSr3G6OTBsTwitter @DrAJGhalayini

This podcast highlights the essential role of cholesterol in various bodily functions, including the synthesis of bile acids, cell membranes, vitamin D, and all steroid hormones. It explains that cholesterol biosynthesis follows a unique three-stage pathway, distinct from fatty acid production, with the rate-limiting enzyme HMG CoA reductase being crucial for regulation. This enzyme's activity is tightly controlled by hormones and intracellular cholesterol levels. Notably, cholesterol itself acts as a primary regulator of its own synthesis by inhibiting HMG CoA reductase, altering its gene expression, and promoting its proteolytic cleavage.

Yi-Chun Chen is taking a close-up look at some of the body's hardest-working cells — the ones often processing an overabundance of modern-day food and nutrients. “From an evolutionary point of view, our cells are not designed to deal with that,” said Dr. Chen, who joined the department of Anatomy, Physiology, and Pharmacology at the University of Saskatchewan last year as an assistant professor. She said our bodies are pushed into churning out large amounts of insulin rapidly after snacks and meals, “which makes the beta cells work extra hard.” Raised in Taiwan and inspired by her grandfather—a retired elementary school science teacher—Chen's fascination with biology first led her to work as a medical laboratory technologist, then to the world of cellular research. Using both rodent and human models, Chen is studying pancreatic beta cells: the way they process peptide hormones like insulin and how their behaviour and function is affected by an excess of nutrients. Using high-resolution imaging, she and her team are examining how both humans and mice synthesize, process, and clear peptide hormones. “There are a lot of things we still don't know about peptide hormones, not just in the pancreas, but in the brain, in the gut,” she said. “Those are fascinating.” Last year, Chen was the recipient of a Canadian Institutes of Health Research Early Career Transition Award. After moving from UBC to Saskatchewan, Dr. Chen said she's thankful to see so much support already from her established and mid-career prairie colleagues. “They can mentor us and guide us, and we also have a group of five or six young scientists,” she said. “I can envision myself working on many, many interesting projects with them.” Her goal today is to identify biomarkers that could predict diabetes far earlier. She hopes to develop biochemical assays that measure proinsulin levels to serve as an early warning system. This could enable interventions months or even years before a traditional diagnosis based on blood glucose levels. “We want to be able to predict the development of, for example, type 1 or type 2 diabetes before they are diagnosed,” said Chen. In the long term, Chen envisions both preventative strategies and regenerative therapies to fight diabetes. Stem cell-derived beta cells may be a future solution, she said. “We are making really good progress in Canada, actually. We have clinical trials. We're putting the stem cell–derived beta cells into patients with type 1 diabetes.” She hopes this will one day reduce the need for constant insulin injections, even helping curb  obesity. “Don't give up,” Chen said. “We are passionate and we want to work on many, many things.” “If you like it, keep going.”

CONTÁCTAME POR WHATSAPP https://wa.me/message/VLBJNM7KBBQDC1 DÉJAME CONOCER TU CASO HACIENDO CLIC AQUÍ https://nelsonarturopsicologo.com/superar-ansiedad Así puedes subir la serotonina de manera natural; y es que, el acelerado ritmo de vida del siglo XXI ha conducido a una búsqueda constante de elementos que faciliten el tener una vida más tranquila, generalmente, bajar los niveles de ansiedad y estrés, poder dormir mejor, son cosas que sin duda se puede que nos haga falta, y para ello es necesario tener niveles estables de serotonina. Este neurotransmisor es el encargado del buen funcionamiento del cerebro aparte de las células nerviosas, permitiendo nivelar las emociones. Teniendo en cuenta estos efectos, hoy te contaremos como regular los niveles de serotonina mediante el suplemento 5HTP. ¿QUÉ ES EL 5 HTP? El 5 hidroxitriptófano popularmente conocido como 5HTP es un precursor de la serotonina, es decir, un elemento vital en la formación de este neurotransmisor. Compra el 5HTP https://iherb.co/Hct3Hehe Existen diversos métodos para su obtención, siendo el más común lógicamente la ingesta de alimentos ricos en él, como la carne de pavo, el pollo, los frijoles, la carne res y bananos; sin embargo, dado los hábitos de alimentación actuales, se ha vuelto complejo añadir alguno de los alimentos anteriormente mencionadas a la dieta diaria, por lo que, una opción para su obtenerlo es mediante la suplementación. ¿POR QUÉ NO SE CONSUME SEROTONINA DE FORMA DIRECTA? Al ser un neurotransmisor que es producido naturalmente por el cuerpo humano, la serotonina es muy diferente a cualquier consumible ya sea por ingesta o por medio intravenosos, la serotonina es incapaz de superar dos barreras de nuestro organismo, la que produce el ácido gástrico, y la producida por la red hematoencefálica. LA DOSIS IDEAL DE 5HTP Se recomienda generalmente. consumir alrededor de 300 mg al día de 5HTP, siempre y cuando la persona tenga características promedio, lo que permitirá producir la serotonina necesaria para contrarrestar afectaciones negativas, como la ansiedad, la falta de sueño, mientras permite gestionar de mejor forma el estrés y regular el apetito. Como ya se ha mencionado en entregas pasadas, para dosificar eficientemente cualquier suplemento es necesario tener presente la estatura, el peso y el problema que se quiere combatir; para mencionar una cosa, puedes contactar con nosotros en Libre de Ansiedad ya que podemos asesorarte si así lo requieres. Es importante señalar que los efectos no son inmediatos, ya que se estima que el 5HTP empieza a tener un impacto significativo en el organismo de una persona entre una a tres semanas de haber empezado la ingesta, ten en cuenta que, en el caso de este potenciador de serotonina, si bien existen testimonios sobre una supuesta efectividad inmediata, suelen ser casos aislados que no representan el efecto normal del suplemento. ENLACES DE INTERÉS (H3) TRIPTÓFANO Y 5HTP PARA CURAR LA ANSIEDAD Y OTROS TRASTORNOS (https://nelsonarturopsicologo.com/triptofano-y-5htp-para-curar-la-ansiedad-y-otros-trastornos/) 7 FORMAS DE SUBIR LA SEROTONINA NATURALMENTE, Y REDUCIR LA ANSIEDAD, LA DEPRESIÓN EL ESTRÉS Y SENTIRTE MEJOR (https://nelsonarturopsicologo.com/7-formas-de-subir-la-serotonina-naturalmente/) REFERENCIAS Boer, J., & Westenberg, H. (1990). Behavioral, neuroendocrine, and biochemical effects of 5-hydroxytryptophan administration in panic disorder. Psychiatry Research, 31, 267-278. https://doi.org/10.1016/0165-1781(90)90096-N. Handley, S., & McBlane, J. (2005). 5HT drugs in animal models of anxiety. Psychopharmacology, 112, 13-20. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02247358. Maffei, M. (2020). 5-Hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP): Natural Occurrence, Analysis, Biosynthesis, Biotechnology, Physiology and Toxicology. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 22. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22010181. Lesch, K., Bengel, D., Heils, A., Sabol, S., Greenberg, B., Petri, S., Benjamin, J., Müller, C., Hamer, D., & Murphy, D. (1996). Association of Anxiety-Related Traits with a Polymorphism in the Serotonin Transporter Gene Regulatory Region. Science, 274, 1527 - 1531. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.274.5292.1527.

This podcast covers the cellular uses of cholesterol and a brief summary of its biosyntthesis and its regulation by intracellular levels of cholesterol. Check out the podcast on regulation of HMG CoA reductase below: https://youtu.be/FNSr3G6OTBs?si=da3V5SkXGkM8STsZ Also check out how statins reduce plasma cholesterol below: https://youtu.be/HrwI02Ww3Ew Also check out the he complete podcast on Regulation of Cholesterol Biosynthesis below: https://youtu.be/K1i3P3KPN3g

In today's summer special, Betty takes Nick and the listeners through 12,000 years of the cannabis plant. Starting in the ancient world, through the age of sail and into the modern era, we follow the cannabis plant on its global journey and its role in human politics and development. We finish with a discussion on cannabis pharmacology, drug prohibition and challenges facing the revival of the hemp industry in modern times.Music has been removed from the podcast version of the show due to copyright. Please check out the music featured on the live show through these links or on our Spotify playlist.Music featured:Hemp – Yellow Blue Bus: https://youtu.be/FGIfNF5qO8w?si=8DRAG01hWmqRixhxGanja Farmer – J Boog: https://soundcloud.com/jboogmusic/ganja-farmerHashish – Ibrahim Maalouf: https://soundcloud.com/ibrahim-maalouf/hashishFreedom of Species Spotify playlist:https://open.spotify.com/playlist/3TJQujKYjGFoFP6LhBbaTS?si=6ghUWmzkQpyvsPJM9PNB-w&pi=rl23HPZQS1ins&fbclid=IwY2xjawHoEuJleHRuA2FlbQIxMAABHRsgsJ5WkFD9Dx9vuiubNXtF1GMaFOFYw8cXDD3UdwkuYHBSswptwIw8wA_aem_AiO4AOLyNFOoqz5PRlkU5Q&nd=1&dlsi=0efe6436f2fe4f8bReferences and links:Abel, E. L. (2013). Marihuana: the first twelve thousand years. Springer Science & Business Media.Ayonrinde O. A. (2020). Cannabis and psychosis: revisiting a nineteenth century study of 'Indian Hemp and Insanity' in Colonial British India. Psychological medicine, 50(7), 1164–1172.Bania G. (2022). Shifts in therapeutic practices and decline of medicinal cannabis in Indian North-Eastern Frontier (1826-1925).  Journal of cannabis research, 4(1), 52.Borougerdi, B. J. (2014). Cord of empire, exotic intoxicant: Hemp and culture in the Atlantic world, 1600-1900 (Order No. 3626432). Available from ProQuest Dissertations & Theses Global; ProQuest One Academic. (1558183077).Clarke, R. C., & Merlin, M. D. (2016). Cannabis Domestication, Breeding History, Present-day Genetic Diversity, and Future Prospects. Critical Reviews in Plant Sciences, 35(5-6), 293-327.Fike, J. (2016). Industrial Hemp: Renewed Opportunities for an Ancient Crop. Critical Reviews in Plant Sciences, 35(5-6), 406-424. Gülck, T., & Møller, B. L. (2020). Phytocannabinoids: Origins and Biosynthesis. Trends in Plant Science, 25(10), 985-1004. Hart, C. L. (2022). Drug use for grown-ups: Chasing liberty in the land of fear. Penguin.Jiggens, J. (2012). Sir Joseph Banks and the question of hemp : hemp, seapower and empire, 1776-1815Mead, A. (2019). Legal and Regulatory Issues Governing Cannabis and Cannabis-Derived Products in the United States. Frontiers in Plant Science, 10.Nutt, D. (2022) Cannabis (seeing through the smoke): The New Science of Cannabis and Your Health. Yellow Kite BooksRen, G., Zhang, X., Li, Y., Ridout, K., Serrano-Serrano, M. L., Yang, Y., Liu, A., Ravikanth, G., Nawaz, M. A., Mumtaz, A. S., Salamin, N., & Fumagalli, L. (2021). Large-scale whole-genome resequencing unravels the domestication history of Cannabis sativa. Science Advances, 7(29), eabg2286.Schluttenhofer, C., & Yuan, L. (2017). Challenges towards Revitalizing Hemp: A Multifaceted Crop. Trends in Plant Science, 22(11), 917-929.Talk from Dr. Carl Hart: Drug Use for Grownups, A Human Rights Perspective: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=M6PHC4p1Ohw&t=1226sDr Carl Hart Democracy Now interview: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iKXWelf-ZvA

We're joined in this episode by Dr. Sarah Barry, Reader in Chemical Biology at King's College London. Sarah started with an interest in biochemistry, went into organic chemistry because it was more concrete, and now applies her chemist's approach to understanding and manipulating biosynthesis of natural products for important areas of research, including antibiotics. This insightful conversation gives a peek into the mind of a chemical biologist's way of thinking about and approaching challenges that span biology and chemistry. We learn about the historical challenges of discovering and synthesizing natural products, but we then hear about how innovations in molecular biology are allowing researchers to revisit this field with a new approach. Sarah and her team identify and manipulate genes, express and purify proteins in the lab, and then characterize those enzymes for their abilities to drive biocatalytic transformations that are beyond challenging using traditional organic or inorganic chemistry approaches. Our conversation spans from the details of the molecular biology methods used, to the high-level applications being explored in this research, all with an ease that only someone this interdisciplinary could do. Subscribe to get future episodes as they drop and if you like what you're hearing we hope you'll share a review or recommend the series to a colleague.  Download Transcripts: Speaking of Mol Bio Podcast | Thermo Fisher Scientific - US Visit the Invitrogen School of Molecular Biology to access helpful molecular biology resources and educational content, and please share this resource with anyone you know working in molecular biology.

References Experimental & Molecular Medicine.2016. volume 48, 224 Nature Metabolism 2023. volume 5, pages 277–293 Nature Reviews Drug Discovery 2019. v18. : 527–551 Pisendal . JG. 1730's. Violin Concerti. https://open.spotify.com/album/6dC3dq8i6rDeeKtz5LyhFZ?si=jUsRMIraR7-zO5o0UQGMdw --- Support this podcast: https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/dr-daniel-j-guerra/support

In the episode, we will explore a common problem with Autism- the Gastrointestinal Tract. The one consistent finding with Autism and GI is a problem exists. However, research on complicated in these complicated and complex areas of human biology despite what appears to be tight controls in the studies. However, one crucial component is missing- Light. In this episode, we will cover how biology structures order from the light input and the chaos from the environment.Major Areas include Enterochromaffin Cells, Serotonin, Aromatic Amino Acids, Vitamin D, Enteric Nervous System, the endocrine systems, and the Hypothalamic-Pitutary-Adrenal Axis.Cause of Autism: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/from-the-spectrum-finding-superpowers-with-autism/id1737499562?i=1000662271496Su study: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41564-024-01739-1Sunlight and Vitamin D: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3897598/Multi-Axis-Meta-Analysis https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-022-21327-9Quantum Engineering 33, 54, and 55 https://www.patreon.com/DrJackKruse/posts(0:00) Autism and the GI Tract; inconsistent research; Order versus Chaos- Light and Environment and Health Conditions(3:10) The GI Tract; Gut-Brain Axis; Gut Microbiome and Various Nervous Systems(6:22) POMC; HPA; Stress example(8:19) Common Autism problems in the GI(9:23) Enterochromaffin Cells; Serotonin; Immune and Inflammation(14:09) Melanin/POMC; Clock-Timing; Omentum(16:31) Real-life Acute GI Fix; Bacteria makes Dopamine in the Gut(19:04) Vitamin D Receptors and more Clock-Timing(22:13) Obesity and Autism connection? (uncoupled systems); Biosynthesis of Vit D and specific Wavelength of Light with Shared Biological Processes- DNA, RNA, Aromatic Amino Acids(24:33) Avoiding UV Light implications(26:18) Scientific Literature; Archaea, Bacteria, Fungi, Virus; "confounding" data(30:03) Ubiquinol-7, COQ10, Thiamine Diphosphate; TCA cycles(32:38) Controls (plural) in Research and lack of Control (singular); LIGHT is GREATER than FOOD(38:27) Reviews/Ratings and Contact InfoX: https://x.com/rps47586Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/fromthespectrum.podcastEmail: info.fromthespectrum@gmail.com

No Time To Read podcast S3E1 Plant carbonic anhydrase-like enzymes in neuroactive alkaloid biosynthesis Guest: Ryan Nett, Assistant Professor, Department of Molecular and cellular Biology, Harvard University Twitter/X: @rnett42 Host: Arif Ashraf, Assistant Professor, Department of Biology, Howard University Twitter/X: @aribidopsis --- Send in a voice message: https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/no-time-to-read-podcast/message

Subscribe to Receive Venkat's Weekly Newsletter Christina was involved in a lot of activities in High School. She was at Science Fairs. She was on the Tennis team, quiz bowl. She did choir, theater, acapella, and leadership roles. But Science was her main thing. Christina joins our podcast to share her undergraduate experience at Haverford College, Interest in Research, Winning the Goldwater Scholarship, and Advice for High Schoolers. In particular, we discuss the following with her:  Overall Haverford Experience Natural Product Biosynthesis Research The Goldwater Scholarship Advice to High Schoolers Topics discussed in this episode: Introduction to Christina McBride, Haverford College [] Hi Fives - Podcast Highlights [] Overall Haverford Experience [] Why Haverford? [] High School Interests [] Research in High School [] Transition to College [] Peers & Profs [] Starting UG Research [] The Research [] Research Outcomes [] Applying for Goldwater Scholarship [] Winning The Goldwater Scholarship [] The GW Difference [] Research Impact [] Majoring in Chemistry [] Campus Activities [] Advice for High Schoolers [] Memory [] Our Guest: Christina McBride is a Goldwater Scholar who graduated with a Bachelor's degree in Chemistry from Haverford College in Pennsylvania. Christina is currently pursuing her PhD in Chemical Biology at the University of Michigan Ann Arbor. Memorable Quote: “I can say my main thing is to really explore and to kind of take that jump, even if you feel unprepared, or that you don't necessarily have the skills that other people do, because you want to be able to explore so many different areas. Because even if something is tough, that doesn't mean that it's impossible. ” Christina McBride. Episode Transcript: Please visit Episode's Transcript. Similar Episodes: College Experiences , UG Research Calls-to-action: Follow us on Instagram. To Ask the Guest a question, or to comment on this episode, email podcast@almamatters.io. Subscribe or Follow our podcasts at any of these locations: Apple Podcasts, Spotify.

References Front Physiol. 2021; 12: 730829. Non-coding RNA Investig 2017. 1:5. Genome Biology 2011. volume 12, Article number: 236 RNA Biol . 2021 Nov 12;18(sup2):574-585. Hunter. R. 1975. "Cruel White Water" https://youtu.be/T-oBD3F74Nk?si=zsrEBN0JKan_FXdH --- Send in a voice message: https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/dr-daniel-j-guerra/message Support this podcast: https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/dr-daniel-j-guerra/support

References Guerra: graduate biochemistry lectures Chopin, F. 1830. Nocturne E Flat Major Op.9 No.2 https://youtu.be/tV5U8kVYS88?si=MKxfguVRI6hhQeMO Winwood, Wood and Capaldi 1967. Dear Mr Fantasy. Traffic. https://youtu.be/sS_eHdqcrM8?si=95X9RWJD2Q4w456S --- Send in a voice message: https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/dr-daniel-j-guerra/message Support this podcast: https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/dr-daniel-j-guerra/support

References British J of Pharmacology 2015. Volume172, Issue17September Pages 4319-4330 Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediators. 2023 Jun:166:106726. 1718. Concerto No. 4 in F minor, Op. 8, RV 297, "Winter" (L'inverno) --- Send in a voice message: https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/dr-daniel-j-guerra/message Support this podcast: https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/dr-daniel-j-guerra/support

References Dr Guerra-lecture notes Journal of Clinical Lipidology2022.Volume 16, Issue 4, July–August Pages 472-482 --- Send in a voice message: https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/dr-daniel-j-guerra/message Support this podcast: https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/dr-daniel-j-guerra/support

References Plant Biochemistry lectures archives :Guerra Phys.Chem. Chem. Phys., 2020,22, 7912-7934 Nature Plants 2017. volume 3, Article number:17041 --- Send in a voice message: https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/dr-daniel-j-guerra/message

This podcast covers the regulation of HMG CoA Reductase by hormones, covalent modification, cytoplasmic cholesterol, and statins. --- Send in a voice message: https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/a-j-ghalayini/message Support this podcast: https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/a-j-ghalayini/support

Link to bioRxiv paper: http://biorxiv.org/cgi/content/short/2023.03.23.533952v1?rss=1 Authors: Jackson, C. B., Marmyleva, A., Awadhpersad, R., Monteuuis, G., Mito, T., Zamboni, N., Tatsuta, T., Vincent, A. E., Wang, L., Langer, T., Carroll, C. J., Suomalainen-Wartiovaara, A. Abstract: Importance of serine as a metabolic regulator is well known in tumors and raising attention also in degenerative diseases. Recent data indicate that de novo serine biosynthesis is an integral component of metabolic response to mitochondrial disease, but the roles of the response have remained unknown. Here, we report that glucose-driven de novo serine biosynthesis maintains metabolic homeostasis in energetic stress. Pharmacological inhibition of the rate-limiting enzyme, phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase (PHGDH), aggravated mitochondrial muscle disease, suppressed oxidative phosphorylation and mitochondrial translation, altered whole-cell lipid profiles and enhanced mitochondrial integrated stress response (ISRmt), in vivo, in skeletal muscle and in cultured cells. Our evidence indicates that de novo serine biosynthesis is essential to maintain mitochondrial respiration, redox balance, and cellular lipid homeostasis in skeletal muscle with mitochondrial dysfunction. Our evidence implies that interventions activating de novo serine synthesis may protect against mitochondrial failure in the skeletal muscle. Copy rights belong to original authors. Visit the link for more info Podcast created by Paper Player, LLC

Link to bioRxiv paper: http://biorxiv.org/cgi/content/short/2023.03.17.533218v1?rss=1 Authors: Armstrong, C., Passanisi, V. J., Ashraf, H. M., Spencer, S. L. Abstract: Faithful DNA replication requires that cells fine-tune their histone pool in coordination with cell-cycle progression. Replication-dependent histone biosynthesis is initiated at a low level upon cell-cycle commitment, followed by a burst at the G1/S transition, but it remains unclear how exactly the cell regulates this change in histone biosynthesis as DNA replication begins. Here, we use single-cell timelapse imaging to elucidate the mechanisms by which cells modulate histone production during different phases of the cell cycle. We find that CDK2-mediated phosphorylation of NPAT at the Restriction Point triggers histone transcription, which results in a burst of histone mRNA precisely at the G1/S phase boundary. Excess soluble histone protein further modulates histone abundance by promoting the degradation of histone mRNA for the duration of S phase. Thus, cells regulate their histone production in strict coordination with cell-cycle progression by two distinct mechanisms acting in concert. Copy rights belong to original authors. Visit the link for more info Podcast created by Paper Player, LLC

Link to bioRxiv paper: http://biorxiv.org/cgi/content/short/2023.03.06.531353v1?rss=1 Authors: Gu, Y., Alam, S., Oliferenko, S. Abstract: Cellular metabolism relies on just a few redox cofactors. Selective compartmentalization may prevent competition between metabolic reactions requiring the same cofactor. Is such compartmentalization necessary for optimal cell function? Is there an optimal compartment size? Here we probe these fundamental questions using peroxisomal compartmentalization of the last steps of lysine and histidine biosynthesis in the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces japonicus. We show that compartmentalization of these NAD+ dependent reactions together with a dedicated NADH/NAD+ recycling enzyme supports optimal growth when an increased demand for anabolic reactions taxes cellular redox balance. In turn, compartmentalization constrains the size of individual organelles, with larger peroxisomes accumulating all the required enzymes but unable to support both biosynthetic reactions at the same time. We propose that compartmentalized biosynthetic reactions are sensitive to the size of the compartment, likely due to scaling-dependent changes within the system, such as enzyme packing density. Copy rights belong to original authors. Visit the link for more info Podcast created by Paper Player, LLC

TWiM explains the synthesis in bacteria of new energy-dense biofuels that can replace rocket and jet fuels, and the use of nanopore sequencing to improve diagnosis and treatment of patients with serious infections.   Become a patron of TWiM.   Links for this episode: Biosynthesis of high energy biofuels (Joule) Polyketide synthases in bacteria (PNAS) Sequencing for diagnosis of serious infections (mBio) Nanopore sequencing video (YouTube) Emerging human pathogen Kodamaea ohmeri (Front. Micro) Music used on TWiM is composed and performed by Ronald Jenkees and used with permission. Send your microbiology questions and comments to twim@microbe.tv

Link to bioRxiv paper: http://biorxiv.org/cgi/content/short/2022.12.09.519544v1?rss=1 Authors: Turk, S. M., Indovina, C. J., Overton, D. L., Runnebohm, A. M., Orchard, C. J., Doss, E. M., Richards, K. A., Irelan, C. B., Daraghmi, M. M., Bailey, C. G., Miller, J. M., Niekamp, J. M., Gosser, S. K., Tragesser-Tina, M. E., Claypool, K. P., Engle, S. M., Buchanan, B. W., Woodruff, K. A., Olesen, J. B., Smaldino, P. J., Rubenstein, E. M. Abstract: The relationship between lipid homeostasis and protein homeostasis (proteostasis) is complex and remains incompletely understood. We conducted a screen for genes required for efficient degradation of Deg1-Sec62, a model aberrant translocon-associated substrate of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) ubiquitin ligase Hrd1, in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. This screen revealed that INO4 is required for efficient Deg1-Sec62 degradation. INO4 encodes one subunit of the Ino2/Ino4 heterodimeric transcription factor, which regulates expression of genes required for lipid biosynthesis. Deg1-Sec62 degradation was also impaired by mutation of genes encoding several enzymes mediating phospholipid and sterol biosynthesis. The degradation defect in ino4{Delta} yeast was rescued by supplementation with metabolites whose synthesis and uptake are mediated by Ino2/Ino4 targets. Stabilization of a panel of substrates of the Hrd1 and Doa10 ER ubiquitin ligases by INO4 deletion indicates ER protein quality control is generally sensitive to perturbed lipid homeostasis. Further, loss of INO4 sensitized yeast to proteotoxic stress, suggesting a broad requirement for lipid homeostasis in maintaining proteostasis. Abundance of the ER ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme Ubc7 was reduced in the absence of INO4, consistent with a model whereby perturbed lipid biosynthesis alters the abundance of critical protein quality control mediators, with broad consequences for ER proteostasis. A better understanding of the dynamic relationship between lipid homeostasis and proteostasis may lead to improved understanding and treatment of several human diseases associated with altered lipid biosynthesis. Copy rights belong to original authors. Visit the link for more info Podcast created by Paper Player, LLC

Dr Guerra's Lecture notes --- Send in a voice message: https://anchor.fm/dr-daniel-j-guerra/message

References PLoS One. 2019 Jan 10;14(1):e0210207 Nature Communications volume 9, Article number: 1784 (2018)) Cell Death & Disease volume 8, page e2897; 2017 Nat Cell Biol. 2013 Apr;15(4):373-84 Dev Neurobiol. 2010 Jul; 70(8): 589–603 J. Lipid Res. (2022) 63(8) 100213 --- Send in a voice message: https://anchor.fm/dr-daniel-j-guerra/message

In this episode of Exploration Science, Professor David Craik talks about the discovery of the cyclotides and their potential to transform medicine and agriculture. References and links: Database of Cyclic Proteins https://www.cybase.org.au/ Biosynthesis and insecticidal properties of plant cyclotides: The cyclic knotted proteins from Oldenlandia affinis https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.191366898) Trends in Cyclotide Research https://doi.org/10.1039/9781788010153-00302) Discovery, structure, function, and applications of cyclotides: circular proteins from plants https://doi.org/10.1093/jxb/erw210) T20K: An Immunomodulatory Cyclotide on Its Way to the Clinic https://doi.org/10.1007/s10989-018-9701-1 Synthesis of Proteins by Native Chemical Ligation https://doi.org/10.1126/science.7973629 Elucidation of the Primary and Three-Dimensional Structure of the Uterotonic Polypeptide Kalata B1 https://doi.org/10.1021/bi00013a002 Plant cyclotides: A unique family of cyclic and knotted proteins that defines the cyclic cystine knot structural motif https://doi.org/10.1006/jmbi.1999.3383 Evaluation of the in Vivo Aphrodisiac Activity of a Cyclotide Extract from Hybanthus enneaspermus https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jnatprod.0c01045) Anthelmintic activity of cyclotides: In vitro studies with canine and human hookworms https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actatropica.2008.11.003 The Engineering of an Orally Active Conotoxin for the Treatment of Neuropathic Pain https://doi.org/10.1002/anie.201000620) Racemic and Quasi-Racemic X-ray Structures of Cyclic Disulfide-Rich Peptide Drug Scaffolds https://doi.org/10.1002/anie.201406563 Is the Mirror Image a True Reflection? Intrinsic Membrane Chirality Modulates Peptide Binding https://doi.org/10.1021/jacs.9b11194 Cyclotides: From Structure to Function https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chemrev.9b00402) Discovery of Cyclotides from Australasian Plants https://doi.org/10.1071/CH19658)

References Dr Guerra's lipid lectures Periodicum Biologorum 2011. 113(1):43-49 Obstet Gynecol Sci 2014. v.57(2) --- Send in a voice message: https://anchor.fm/dr-daniel-j-guerra/message

References Dr Guerra membrane lectures Cell Metab. 2020 Dec 1;32(6):981-995.e7 PNAS 2011.108 (29) 11860-11865 J. Dev. Biol. 2020, 8(2), 10. Chem & Phys of Lipids.2000. June. 106:1-29 --- Send in a voice message: https://anchor.fm/dr-daniel-j-guerra/message

See this Podcast's Links, Descriptions, Images, Videos, etc at: https://journ.tv The Pioneer Series are interviews with awakened individuals from all walks of life who are dedicated to help create a real home world. — Find out How You Can Move Through Your Dark Night of the Soul without the years and years of struggle and suffering: https://www.pearlplanet.co/ —   Session 7: Frank Lobsiger Frank Lobsiger is the author of The Art of Self Love: loving yourself is the key to happiness, he's seminar leader, and internationally trained somatic therapist specializing in body-centered psychotherapy, life-coaching, neuromuscular re-education, trauma healing, and mindful self-exploration with certifications in Biosynthesis®, Hanna Somatic Education®, Somatic Experiencing®, and the Barbara Brennan School of Healing®.  https://theartofselflove.com

Last fall Elara and I had the opportunity to travel to Colorado and go to CSU in Ft. Collins. There we met up with  Professor Frank Dayan who teaches and studies Plant Physiology, Biochemistry, Mode of Action,  and Biosynthesis. He had a 20-year career as a research plant physiologist for the USDA-ARS, before coming to Colorado State University.  He and the team at the weed lab (no not that kind of weed) are a fascinating bunch, who love what they do. So, please enjoy our conversation with Frank Dayan and what you can learn from studying weeds.Links:https://agsci.colostate.edu/people/directory-page/personnel-information/?userName=fdayanhttps://agsci.colostate.edu/weedscience/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Weed_scienceSupport the show

On this week's SciFiles, your hosts Chelsie and Daniel interview Philip Engelgau. Philip's research aims to understand how banana fruit is able to synthesize its characteristic aroma compounds. The chemicals that banana fruit produce and that we sense as banana-like are derived from the same metabolic routes as valine and leucine, common, primary metabolites that are essential to the day-to-day metabolism of not just bananas, but all living things. As bananas ripen, they accumulate valine and leucine simultaneously with the production of banana-aroma volatiles. However, not all is as it seems. Both valine and leucine are normally under strong feedback regulation which should prevent the stark increases that have been observed in banana fruit. This paradox suggests that banana fruit are able to somehow uniquely overcome this inhibition in order to generate these aroma chemicals. Philip's work investigates how alternative splicing, a mechanism that creates variability in how genes are expressed, of the two rate-limiting enzymes of valine and leucine biosynthesis may be leading to versions of these enzymes with compromised regulatory regions. These unregulated enzymes are likely able to produce copious amounts of valine and leucine in banana fruit and thus provide a means for the production of the banana's unique smell. If you're interested in talking about your MSU research on the radio or nominating a student, please email Chelsie and Danny at scifiles@impact89fm.org. Check The Sci-Files out on Twitter, Facebook, Instagram, LinkedIn, and YouTube! 

References Dr Guerra's lecture material --- Send in a voice message: https://anchor.fm/dr-daniel-j-guerra/message Support this podcast: https://anchor.fm/dr-daniel-j-guerra/support

References Dr. Guerra's lecture notes --- Send in a voice message: https://anchor.fm/dr-daniel-j-guerra/message Support this podcast: https://anchor.fm/dr-daniel-j-guerra/support

References Dr. Guerra's lecture notes Mol Genet Metab Rep. 2021 Mar; 26: 100709. --- Send in a voice message: https://anchor.fm/dr-daniel-j-guerra/message Support this podcast: https://anchor.fm/dr-daniel-j-guerra/support

Dr. Jon Dean is currently a doctoral candidate in Molecular and Integrative Physiology at the University of Michigan. He holds a bachelor's in chemistry and a master's in physiology. Jon's dissertation research focuses on the role of the prefrontal cortex in consciousness, anesthesia, and sleep. In 2019 he co-authored a research paper titled ‘Biosynthesis and Extracellular Concentrations of N,N-dimethyltryptamine (DMT) in Mammalian Brain' which included some astonishing revelations about how important of a role DMT plays within mammalian bio-chemistry / neurological-function and reality-perception. Is the strongest psychedelic known to man (DMT) also a fundamental bio-chemical for the mediating of our perception of reality?

This podcast is a summary of the biosynthesis of non-essential amino acids from their respective carbon skeletons. This biochemistry content may be useful to premedical and medical students. Similar content is available at: MEDBIOCHEM.ORG --- Send in a voice message: https://anchor.fm/a-j-ghalayini/message

This podcast describes the mechanism of action of Statins and how they are able to reduce plasma cholesterol. This biochemistry content may be useful to premedical and medical students. --- Send in a voice message: https://anchor.fm/a-j-ghalayini/message

This podcast covers the regulation of HMG CoA reductase by hormones, cholesterol and statins. This biochemistry content may be useful to premedical and medical students. --- Send in a voice message: https://anchor.fm/a-j-ghalayini/message

This podcast summarizes the steps of cholesterol biosynthesis starting with acetyl CoA as the precursor. This biochemistry content may be useful to premedical and medical students. --- Send in a voice message: https://anchor.fm/a-j-ghalayini/message

Rob Reid (@Rob_Reid) is a tech entrepreneur, early-stage tech investor, author of After On: A Novel of Silicon Valley, and host of the After On Podcast. What We Discuss with Rob Reid: While COVID-19 has been devastating on a global scale, it's comparatively benign when we consider how bad it could have been with a deadlier, more transmissible virus and a decimated infrastructure without access to basic necessities. What gain of function research is, and why it's so dangerous in a world where even the most secure laboratories can leak pathogens into the general population. The death toll inflicted by society's suicidal mass murderers is limited only by the weapons they have available -- whether they're guns, knives, airplanes, or synthetically manufactured superviruses created by soon-to-be commonplace genetic manipulation technology. The steps we can take as an international community to fend off the malevolent efforts of a few bad actors by creating an infrastructure that can detect and prevent the spread of any potential future pandemic. How DNA printers with the ability to create pandemic-defying vaccines on demand may become as common in the home as smoke alarms. And much more... Full show notes and resources can be found here: jordanharbinger.com/510 Sign up for Six-Minute Networking -- our free networking and relationship development mini course -- at jordanharbinger.com/course! Like this show? Please leave us a review here -- even one sentence helps! Consider including your Twitter handle so we can thank you personally!

This episode is also available as a blog post: http://biopatrika.com/2021/04/27/interview-mycobacterial-histidine-biosynthesis-infection-tuberculosis/

Another study from University of Florida is the “first report that has simultaneously evaluated the systemic exposure of 11 kratom alkaloids following the administration of traditional and commercial kratom products” (Kamble, 2021). Researchers looked at the pharmacokinectics (how drugs move through the body and are metabolized) of alkaloids in rat plasma following the oral administration … 16. Journal Club: Bioanalysis of 11 Alkaloids in Kratom Tea vs. Commercial Extract Read More » The post 16. Journal Club: Bioanalysis of 11 Alkaloids in Kratom Tea vs. Commercial Extract first appeared on Kratom Science.

On this episode of BofC Live, we connect with Dr. Mather Carscallen, the CEO and CTO of Algae-C – a plant biosynthesis company using algae to create plant-derived active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) – including cannabinoids. Carscallen describes the process of using algae for biosynthesis and the value it has to the cannabis sector – including cost, consistency and environmental impact.BofC Live is the daily news and interview program of Business of Cannabis. Business of Cannabis highlights the companies, brands, people and trends driving the sector.Learn more about Algae-C.

What will the cannabis industry look like in the next few years? Paul Rosen of Global Go shares the nine trends shaping cannabis worldwide (and wait till you hear #4). Learn more at https://globalgo.consulting  Key Takeaways: [2:22] An inside look at Global Go, one of the world’s leading consulting firms for cannabis and hemp businesses [4:34] Paul’s background and how he got into the cannabis space [10:03] The nine trends shaping cannabis on a global scale, beginning with catastrophic failure  [16:20] The divergence of medical and recreational markets [21:36] The end of Canadian domination in cannabis and the rise of the US [29:02] New FDA rulings on CBD [35:39] Biosynthesis and what it could mean for the cannabis industry [40:57] Why “cash remains king” in cannabis  

Link to bioRxiv paper: http://biorxiv.org/cgi/content/short/2020.10.28.360099v1?rss=1 Authors: Nonis, S. G., Haywood, J., Schmidberger, J. W., Bond, C. S., Mylne, J. S. Abstract: Over 30 years ago, an intriguing post-translational modification was discovered to be responsible for creating concanavalin A (conA), a carbohydrate-binding protein found in the seeds of jack bean (Canavalia ensiformis) and commercially used for carbohydrate chromatography. Biosynthesis of conA involves what was then an unprecedented rearrangement in amino acid sequence, whereby the N-terminal half of the gene-encoded conA precursor is swapped to become the C-terminal half of conA. The cysteine protease, asparaginyl endopeptidase (AEP), was shown to be involved, but its mechanism was not fully elucidated. To understand the structural basis and consequences of conA circular permutation, we generated a recombinant jack bean conA precursor (pro-conA) plus jack bean AEP (CeAEP1) and solved crystal structures for each to 2.1 [A] and 2.7 [A] respectively. By reconstituting the biosynthesis of conA in vitro, we prove CeAEP1 alone can perform both the cleavage and cleavage-coupled transpeptidation to form conA. CeAEP1 structural analysis reveals how it is capable of carrying out both these reactions. Biophysical assays illustrated that conA is more thermally and pH stable than pro-conA, consistent with fewer intermolecular interactions between subunits in the pro-conA crystal structure. These findings elucidate the consequences of circular permutation in the only post-translation example known to occur in nature. Copy rights belong to original authors. Visit the link for more info

Link to bioRxiv paper: http://biorxiv.org/cgi/content/short/2020.10.22.349209v1?rss=1 Authors: Khandker, L., Jeffries, M. A., Chang, Y.-J., Mather, M. L., Bourne, J. N., Tafreshi, A. K., Bozdagi-Gunal, O., Macklin, W. B., Wood, T. L. Abstract: Brain and spinal cord oligodendroglia have distinct functional characteristics, and cell autonomous loss of individual genes can result in different regional phenotypes. However, sequencing studies to date have not revealed distinctions between brain and spinal cord oligodendroglia. Using single-cell analysis of oligodendroglia during myelination, we demonstrate that brain and spinal cord precursors are transcriptionally distinct, defined predominantly by cholesterol biosynthesis. We further identify mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) as a major regulator promoting cholesterol biosynthesis in oligodendroglia. Oligodendroglial-specific loss of mTOR compromises cholesterol biosynthesis in both the brain and spinal cord. Importantly, mTOR loss has a greater impact on cholesterol biosynthesis in spinal cord oligodendroglia that corresponds with more pronounced developmental deficits. However, loss of mTOR in brain oligodendroglia ultimately results in oligodendrocyte death, spontaneous demyelination, and impaired axonal function, demonstrating that mTOR is required for myelin maintenance in the adult brain. Copy rights belong to original authors. Visit the link for more info

近日，Nature杂志在线发表了来自斯坦福大学研究者的题为“Biosynthesis of medicinal tropane alkaloids in yeast”的研究论文，作者通过改造面包酵母，使得工程酵母菌可以利用简单的糖类和氨基酸直接合成生物碱类药物-东莨菪碱。

近日，Nature杂志在线发表了来自斯坦福大学研究者的题为“Biosynthesis of medicinal tropane alkaloids in yeast”的研究论文，作者通过改造面包酵母，使得工程酵母菌可以利用简单的糖类和氨基酸直接合成生物碱类药物-东莨菪碱。

Link to bioRxiv paper: http://biorxiv.org/cgi/content/short/2020.10.11.335315v1?rss=1 Authors: Kudo, Y., Awakawa, T., Du, Y.-L., Jordan, P. A., Creamer, K. E., Jensen, P. R., Linington, R. G., Ryan, K. S., Moore, B. S. Abstract: Bacterial hormones, such as the iconic gamma-butyrolactone A-factor, are essential signaling molecules that regulate diverse physiological processes, including specialized metabolism. These low molecular weight compounds are common in Streptomyces species and display species-specific structural differences. Recently, unusual gamma-butyrolactone natural products called salinipostins were isolated from the marine actinomycete genus Salinispora based on their anti-malarial properties. As the salinipostins possess a rare phosphotriester motif of unknown biosynthetic origin, we set out to explore its construction by the widely conserved 9-gene spt operon in Salinispora species. We show through a series of in vivo and in vitro studies that the spt gene cluster dually encodes the saliniphostins and newly identified A-factor-like gamma-butyrolactones (Sal-GBLs). Remarkably, homologous biosynthetic gene clusters are widely distributed amongst many actinomycete genera, including Streptomyces, suggesting the significance of this operon in bacteria. Copy rights belong to original authors. Visit the link for more info

Link to bioRxiv paper: http://biorxiv.org/cgi/content/short/2020.10.10.334391v1?rss=1 Authors: Srivastava, J., Sunthar, P., Balaji, P. V. Abstract: A distinctive feature of glycans vis-a-vis proteins and nucleic acids is its structural complexity which arises from the huge repertoire of monosaccharides, isomeric linkages and branching. Around 70 monosaccharides have so far been discovered in natural glycans and the pathway for the biosynthesis of 57 of these have been experimentally characterized. However, there is no common platform with a comprehensive information of monosaccharide pathways and enzymes. We have gathered 542 experimentally characterized enzymes of these pathways from literature and set up a first of its kind database called GlycoPathDB (http://www.bio.iitb.ac.in/glycopathdb/). Annotations such as the reaction catalysed, substrate specificity, biosynthesis pathway and PubMed IDs are provided for all the enzymes in the database. Sequence homologs of the experimentally characterized enzymes found in nearly 13,000 completely sequenced genomes from Bacteria and Archaea have also been included in the database. This platform will help in deduction of evolutionary relationships among enzymes such as aminotransferases, nucleotidyltransferases, acetyltransferases and SDR family enzymes. It can also facilitate experimental studies such as direct enzyme assays to validate putative annotations, establish structure-function relationship, expression profiling to determine the function, determine the phenotypic consequences of gene knock-out/knock-in and complementation studies. Copy rights belong to original authors. Visit the link for more info