Podcasts about Extent

Send us a textAdam Smith's pin factory example from "The Wealth of Nations" demonstrates how dividing labor into specialized tasks dramatically increases productivity. Ten workers specializing in different aspects of pin-making could produce 48,000 pins daily, while individually they might struggle to make even 20 pins each—a productivity increase of at least 240 times. This division of labor, Smith argued, is limited by the extent of the market.Transaction costs—expenses associated with exchanging goods across distances—determine this market extent. As railroads, steamships, and eventually air freight reduced these costs, pin manufacturing evolved from numerous small local producers to global consolidation. The largest pin producer today, Prim-Dritz Corporation (headquartered in South Carolina), conducts most manufacturing in Asia. Modern pin factory workers now produce approximately 800,000 pins daily—200 times more than in Smith's era.This transformation wasn't about "exporting jobs" but rather the natural evolution of specialized production. Multiple attempts to form price cartels in the pin industry failed as producers leveraging greater division of labor could always undercut competitors. The pattern we see in pins repeats across countless industries: as transaction costs fall, markets expand, allowing for increased specialization and productivity.Understanding this relationship between division of labor and market size helps explain why some manufacturing concentrates geographically, why attempting to "bring back" certain industries is economically challenging, and why consumer prices have fallen for many goods. Smith's insight continues to provide a framework for understanding economic trends in our increasingly interconnected global economy. Links:Dutton, H. I., and S. R. H. Jones.  “Invention and Innovation in the British Pin Industry, 1790-1850.”  British Business History.  57 (1983):  175-193. Jones, S. R. H.  “Price Associations and Competition in the British Pin Industry, 1814-40.”  Economic History Review.  26 (1973):  237-253.   Jones, S. R. H.  “Hall, English, and Co., 1813-41:  A Study of Entrepreneurial Response in the Gloucester Pin Industry.”  Business History.  18 (1976): 35-65.  Liberty Fund: Adam Smith's Pin Factory. McNulty, Mary.  “How Straight Pins are Made.”  How Products are Made.   ENotes.  Pratten, Clifford J.  “The Manufacture of Pins.”  Journal of Economic Literature.  18 (1980):  93-96. Stigler, George J.  “The Division of Labor is Limited by the Extent of the Market.” Journal of Political Economy, 59(1951): 185-193. If you have questions or comments, or want to suggest a future topic, email the show at taitc.email@gmail.com ! You can follow Mike Munger on Twitter at @mungowitz

Blame Carla Williams...to an extent...if UVA loses baseball coach to Miss. State by Ed Lane

Op 13 mei (mijn verjaardag) gaan de deuren van Moneymindset Mastery open. Je kan je NU aanmelden!https://kimmunnecom.nl/money-mindset-mastery/

This Week: Everywhere you turn nowadays we are bombarded within AI.  From commercials to websites, to our smartphones, you can't escape it. And neither can the nation's college students. A bombshell piece in NY Magazine's Intelligencer this week profiles the extent to which AI use to cheat is endemic in colleges, and the growing concerns around the ethics and potential harm to humans of AI use (also try here).  From students doing virtually no writing and relying entirely on AI, to those who use AI to outline their work and tell them how to construct their thinking, to those who actively use it to undermine efforts to prevent cheating, this is deeply concerning. Questions and concerns are being confirmed by early studies showing negative impacts on students' ability to do critical thinking, solve problems, and perform tasks more complex than simply using tools like ChatGPT to complete tasks. Manuel and Jeff discuss!WAYS TO HELP WITH THE EATON FIRE IN ALTADENA/PASADENA -- Please consider giving what you can! Here are links to GoFundMe pages set up by Altadena families, links to GoFundMe pages supporting Black families devastated by the Eaton fire, and the Pasadena Educational Foundation's page set up to benefit Manuel's school community, which has been devastated by the fire. Thanks for your support!MAXIMUM WOKENESS ALERT -- get your All of the Above swag, including your own “Teach the Truth” shirt! In this moment of relentless attacks on teaching truth in the classroom, we got you covered. https://all-of-the-above-store.creator-spring.com Passing Period is an AOTA podcast extra that gives us a chance to check-in, reflect, and discuss powerful stories in between our full episodes. Watch, listen and subscribe to make sure you don't miss our latest content!Website: https://AOTAshow.comStream all of our content at: linktr.ee/AOTA  Watch at: YouTube.com/AlloftheAboveListen at: apple.co/38QV7Bd and anchor.fm/AOTAFollow us at: Facebook.com/AOTAshow and Twitter.com/AOTAshow

1 section- issue of "mechamer" as relates to allowance to placing wallet on donkey (above), how to dispose package accidentally carried on Shabbat, and 3 opinions regarding extent of punishment for mechamer

1 section- issue of "mechamer" as relates to allowance to placing wallet on donkey (above), how to dispose package accidentally carried on Shabbos, and 3 opinions regarding extent of punishment for mechamer

Welcome to another insightful episode of the Ecology Academy podcast, hosted by Richard Dodd. Join us as we delve into the world of ecology with special guest Craig Llewellyn, Associate Ecologist and Biodiversity Policy Specialist at Atkins Realis. In this first part of a two-part series, we focus on the concept of 'Net Benefit for Biodiversity' within Wales' Planning Policy. Discover how this policy aims to enhance biodiversity at a broader ecosystem level using the innovative DECCA framework. Craig Llewellyn shares his extensive experience and insights on the ecological assessment process, comparing the Welsh net benefit approach to England's biodiversity net gain. Learn about the components of the DECA framework—Diversity, Extent, Condition, Connectivity, and Adaptation to Change—and how they play a crucial role in sustainable development. Tune in to understand how ecological policies are evolving to meet current and future challenges in biodiversity conservation.   Background to NBB The 2016 Environment (Wales) Act introduced a new legal duty on all public authorities to maintain and enhance biodiversity in carrying out their functions (the "Section 6 Duty”). The duty requires public authorities to promote the resilience of ecosystems. The newly implemented 12th Edition of Planning Policy Wales (PPW 12th Edition) requires planning authorities (LPAs) must demonstrate they have taken all reasonable steps to fulfil the Section 6 duty. In Wales, the biodiversity net gain regime is termed “Net Benefit for Biodiversity” (NBB). While it has a similar intent to Biodiversity Net Gain (BNG) in England in delivering an overall improvement in biodiversity, NBB does not use a metric-based approach like BNG, which sets a baseline number of biodiversity units and requires developers to improve biodiversity by a minimum of 10%. NBB supports a proactive approach to be taken by developers to biodiversity, wider ecosystem benefits, and resilience at the design stage. NBB applies to all development in Wales, even in cases where biodiversity value is being maintained rather than enhanced. Unlike the quantitative approach of BNG for development in England, NBB takes a more site-specific and qualitative assessment based on the DECCA resilience attributes and the step-wise mitigation hierarchy. Diversity – Maintaining and enhancing diversity at all levels and scales Extent – Incorporating measures to maintain and increase semi-natural habitat area and linkages Condition – The condition affected by factors like climate change, invasive species, recreation, etc. Connectivity – Maintaining/creating links between and within habitats Aspects of resilience – The product of the above four attributes Any proposed biodiversity enhancements must be appropriate to the local and national environment, considering strategic plans, local strategies, and evidence like area statements. Ecologists need to take a “whole system approach” looking at the baseline biodiversity value and resilience of the entire site, its context in the wider landscape, and opportunities for enhancing resilience in line with the DECCA attributes. A key principle of NBB is that biodiversity enhancement should be proportionate to the scale and nature of the proposed development. While this means small developments can more easily deliver net benefit, it also means planning permission may be refused if no enhancement is proposed as part of an application (PPW 6.4.12). Even where biodiversity value has been maintained on a site, the policy at 6.4.16 states “there must still be a proactive process to look for and secure enhancement through the design and implementation of the development.” Hence, going above and beyond simple mitigation is essential. Developers in Wales will need to be aware of NBB and the Section 6 Duty. This brings additional complexity and cost to the development process. Following the DECCA ecosystem resilience principles and step-wise avoidance/mitigation approach needs to be a central consideration from the very start of the development planning process. Innovative solutions, partnership working, and an appreciation of cumulative impacts in the wider area will all help deliver biodiversity benefits.

In this episode, host Dr. Marc Dubin speaks with Dr. Alan Workman and Dr. Jim Palmer. They discuss the recently published Original Article: “Assessing adequacy of surgical extent in CRSwNP: The Completion of Surgery Index”. The full manuscript is available online in the International Forum of Allergy and Rhinology. Listen and subscribe for free to […]

I. The Power It RepresentsII. The Extent of Its DestructionIII. The Purpose of Its Existence

What Extent Do You Want To Serve The Lord? | Rev. Gloria Wilson A. by Calvary International Christian Centre

Today, don't focus too much on your pride but on the Prince of Peace instead. In so doing so, you'll receive the spirit of humility.-------- Thank you for listening! Your support of Joni and Friends helps make this show possible.   Joni and Friends envisions a world where every person with a disability finds hope, dignity, and their place in the body of Christ. Become part of the global movement today at www.joniandfriends.org.   Find more encouragement on Instagram, TikTok, Facebook, and YouTube.

Ayabonga Cawe – Commissioner, Itac SAfm Market Update - Podcasts and live stream

The Doctrine of Man's Impotence Chapter 5 The soul cannot apply itself to any duty except by those very faculties in which this law has its residence. Let the mind or understanding be directed to anything, and there are ignorance, darkness, madness to contend with. As for the will, in it are spiritual deadness, mulish stubbornness, devilish obstinacy.

A new MP3 sermon from The Narrated Puritan is now available on SermonAudio with the following details: Title: The Extent of Man's Total Inability or Importance Subtitle: Total Depravity Speaker: A. W. Pink Broadcaster: The Narrated Puritan Event: Audiobook Date: 3/23/2025 Length: 38 min.

Jesus wants all to come to the knowledge of God's truth and be save...

Jesus wants all to come to the knowledge of God's truth and be save...

Jesus wants all to come to the knowledge of God's truth and be save...

reference: Sri Aurobindo and the Mother, Looking from Within, Chapter 1, Looking at Life and Circumstances, pp. 19-20This episode is also available as a blog post at https://sriaurobindostudies.wordpress.com/2025/03/10/as-we-become-aware-of-the-extent-of-the-challenges-we-come-nearer-to-the-solutions-required/ Video presentations,interviews and podcast episodes are all available on the YouTube Channel https://www.youtube.com/@santoshkrinsky871More information about Sri Aurobindo can be found at www.aurobindo.net  The US editions and links to e-book editions of SriAurobindo's writings can be found at Lotus Press www.lotuspress.com

How far does God's forgiveness extend? Charlie will discuss how God dealt with our sins from His timeless perspective. Charlie looks closely at Colossians 2:13-14, which says that God has forgiven all our trespasses. Most know that His forgiveness would include past sins, but what about present and future sins? The work of Jesus Christ on the cross covers all our sins, and all means all. We must understand the difference between positional or judicial forgiveness and fellowship forgiveness. God's grace is that amazing--we cannot out-sin His grace, according to Romans 5:20. When we sin, 1 John 1:9 gives us a way to restore the fellowship lost. We have to look at Jesus' work on the cross from God's eternal perspective to understand that all our sins includes past, present, and future. Subscribe so that you won't miss the next episode on the one sin that Jesus said cannot be forgiven. #GraceNotes33#GraceLifeMinistries#Forgiveness

Wednesday Night // Ed Romero //  Selected Scriptures

Halachah From The Parshah Series: Parshas Vayeira - To What Extent Must I Go To Invite Difficult Guest Into My Home? 10/20/2021

Parshas Vayeitzeh - Tefillah B'tzibbur: To What Extent Must One Go To Daven With A Minyan? (Halachah From The Parshah Series) 11/09/2021

How Much Road Does America Have? (Erick Guerra) Professor Erick Guerra is a Professor and Associate Dean for Research at the University of Pennsylvania Weitzman School of Design. We discuss his recent article,Urban Roadway in America: The Amount, Extent, and Value (with Gilles Duranton & Xinyu Ma), which provides the first comprehensive estimate of the amount, share, and value of roadways across over 300 U.S. metro areas. Appendices: Erick Guerra: Erick Guerra, Overbuilt: The High Costs and Low Rewards of US Highway Construction. Greg Shill: Jeffrey Brinkman & Jeffrey Lin, Freeway Revolts! The Quality of Life Effects of Highways. Jeff Lin: Foursquare OS Places. Follow us on the web or on “X,” formerly known as Twitter: @denselyspeaking. Jeff and Greg can be found on Bluesky at @jeffrlin.bsky.social and @gregshill.com. Greg also has a Substack newsletter. Producer: Nathan Spindler-Krage The views expressed on the show are those of the participants, and do not necessarily represent the views of the Federal Reserve Bank of Philadelphia, the Federal Reserve System, or any of the other institutions with which the hosts or guests are affiliated.

Wednesday Night // Ed Romero //  Selected Scriptures

If we had to choose a superpower, most likely it would reflect our frustrations with the current world. Ask yourself this question and understand yourself better.

STEPS, John's new book is out now! Check it out wherever books are sold!Become New is here to help you grow spiritually one day at a time.

The Atoning SacrificeText: 1 John 2:2 And he is the propitiation for our sins: and not for ours only, but also for the sins of the whole world.John brings us back to the historic event of the Cross, where certain things happened – things that could be achieved by no other, things that had profound effects in heaven and earth, things that had eternal consequences, including our forgiveness from sin, and John can't leave this subject without focussing on what made it all possible. Every sermon must return to the Cross. Here's three great facts simply stated…1. The Exclusivity of the Sacrifice. HE is the propitiation for our sins:2. The Effectiveness of the Sacrifice. He is the PROPITIATION for our sins.3. The Extent of the Sacrifice. and not for ours only, but also for the sins of the whole world.Read the NOTES HERE. Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

AP correspondent Julie Walker reports NFL emails reveal the extent of the Saints' damage control for a clergy sex abuse crisis.

In an online meeting with the San Diego Ramana Satsang (ramana-satsang-sd@googlegroups.com) on 5th January 2025, Michael answers various questions about Bhagavan's teachings. This episode can be watched as video on YouTube. A more compressed audio copy in Opus format can be downloaded from MediaFire. Ad-free videos on the original writings of Bhagavan Ramana with explanations by Michael James can be accessed on our Vimeo video channel

Too busy to read the Lens? Listen to our weekly summary here! In this week's episode we discuss Extent of optic nerve and optic nerve sheath MRI enhancement may predict visual outcomes in first episodes of MOG optic neuritis. A retrospective cohort study finds that topical pilocarpine use may increase the risk of retinal detachment. A new study used animal models to test safety and toxicity profiles after subretinal injection of a gene therapy for type 1 Usher Syndrome. Fluctuations in blood pressure are associated with faster visual field progression in glaucoma.

Recovery efforts continue in Southern California as the fires that ravaged the state have now largely gone out. William Brangham reports from the Los Angeles area where he has been speaking to people who are hoping to get back to their homes to see the damage. PBS News is supported by - https://www.pbs.org/newshour/about/funders

Continuing our coverage of telework, the Homeland Security Department was one of the firstcabinet level agencies to act on President Donald Trump's return to the office mandate. The DHS memo came out on January 20, practically before Trump set foot in the Oval Office. It calls out several components of DHS for, quote, unacceptable remote work practices, Federal News Network's Justin Doubleday has more on this. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoicesSee Privacy Policy at https://art19.com/privacy and California Privacy Notice at https://art19.com/privacy#do-not-sell-my-info.

Continuing our coverage of telework, the Homeland Security Department was one of the first cabinet level agencies to act on President Donald Trump's return to the office mandate. The DHS memo came out on January 20, practically before Trump set foot in the Oval Office. It calls out several components of DHS for, quote, unacceptable remote work practices, Federal News Network's Justin Doubleday has more on this. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices

Hour 3 THE DRIVE - Christmas Eve! Tues 12-24-24

The EXTENT of Tank Dell's Knee Injury Now Known.. Texan WR could Miss ALL of 2025- full 464 Tue, 24 Dec 2024 23:21:36 +0000 ydWKWIQfR3I6XVflGzzhCRCscIgzRtH6 sports The Drive with Stoerner and Hughley sports The EXTENT of Tank Dell's Knee Injury Now Known.. Texan WR could Miss ALL of 2025- 2-6PM M-F 2024 © 2021 Audacy, Inc. Sports False https://pl

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James Lawless, Minister of State at the Department of Transport, discusses the continuing closure of Holyhead port and what Ireland and UK are doing to resolve the resulting issues.

  In this episode, Chris addresses a common question: "To what extent will occasionally splurging slow my progress?" He breaks down the impact of indulgent meals or days on your overall goals and explains why consistency over time matters far more than the occasional splurge. Chris shares practical advice on how to enjoy indulgences without derailing progress and how to balance these moments with your long-term ambitions. If you've ever worried about how a treat here and there affects your journey, this episode will help you put it into perspective and stay on track.

Abandoned fish farms in Greece are plaguing the coastline with marine debris; however, Healthy Seas is working to clean up some of the sites and raise awareness for support to tell the Greek government that fish farm owners should be responsible for cleaning up their sites once the business is done operating.  In this episode of the "How to Protect the Ocean" podcast, host Andrew Lewin discusses the pressing issue of ghost farms—abandoned fish farms that are polluting oceans, particularly in Greece. The episode highlights the work of the organization Healthy Seas, which is actively involved in cleaning up these ghost farms. Key Points: Definition of Ghost Farms: Ghost farms are abandoned fish farms that were once operational but have been left to deteriorate, leading to significant environmental pollution. Unlike ghost nets, which can be found randomly in the ocean, ghost farms are known sites with identifiable owners. Extent of the Problem: There are over 150 ghost farm sites identified in Greece, with one cleanup in 2024 removing over 40 tons of marine debris, including plastics and fishing nets. The cleanup costs range from 100,000 to 200,000 euros, depending on the site's location and accessibility. Healthy Seas' Approach: Healthy Seas, led by Veronica Mikos, began addressing this issue after encountering a local environmentalist while on a project in Greece. They have since cleaned up two ghost farms and are advocating for better policies and enforcement to prevent future abandonment. Challenges in Cleanup: The cleanups are labor-intensive and require specialized equipment. Many of the materials, such as polystyrene, degrade and pose risks to marine life, as fish may mistake them for food. Policy and Enforcement Issues: Although laws exist regarding environmental protection and aquaculture, enforcement is lacking. Veronica suggests that fish farming companies should be required to deposit funds to cover cleanup costs, ensuring accountability. Community Involvement and Awareness: Healthy Seas emphasizes the importance of raising awareness about ghost farms and involving local communities in discussions about aquaculture practices. They aim to educate future aquaculture professionals about the environmental responsibilities associated with fish farming. The episode concludes with a call to action for better policies and community engagement to ensure that abandoned fish farms are cleaned up and that the aquaculture industry operates sustainably. Healthy Seas Podcast: https://www.speakupforblue.com/show/speak-up-for-the-ocean-blue/show-199/ YouTube Video from Healthy Seas: https://youtu.be/yu56xH8MQxg?si=--VsZQIK7fk3yhlO Follow a career in conservation: https://www.conservation-careers.com/online-training/ Use the code SUFB to get 33% off courses and the careers program.   Do you want to join my Ocean Community? Sign Up for Updates on the process: www.speakupforblue.com/oceanapp   Sign up for our Newsletter: http://www.speakupforblue.com/newsletter   Facebook Group: https://bit.ly/3NmYvsI Connect with Speak Up For Blue: Website: https://bit.ly/3fOF3Wf Instagram: https://bit.ly/3rIaJSG TikTok: https://www.tiktok.com/@speakupforblue Twitter: https://bit.ly/3rHZxpc YouTube: www.speakupforblue.com/youtube  

PREVIEW: HEZBOLLAH - Colleague Jonathan Schanzer of FDD explains the side letter between the Biden Administration and the Netanyahu Government regarding agreements that the IDF can pursue violations of the ceasefire to the full extent of war-fighting. More tonight. 1914 Tripoli

Les cryptomonnaies sont de plus en plus accusées d'être des canaux de financement pour les groupes islamistes, mais dans quelle mesure cette accusation est-elle justifiée ?Traduction :Cryptocurrencies are increasingly blamed as conduits of funding for Islamist groups, but to what extent is this justified? Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

Welcome to the weekly sermon podcast of Trinity Church of Portland.This week, our message is from Luke 7:36-50 and is titled “The Nature and Extent of God's Forgiveness” and was preached by Thomas Terry. In our text this morning the compassion of Jesus toward sinners is on full display. What starts with a cold and loveless invitation from Simon the Pharisee led to a passionate response of forgiveness to the woman who was a prostitute who entered into the house and anointed Jesus with perfume. This led the Pharisee to view the woman and people like her as dirty and beyond the help of God. He also judged Jesus for allowing the woman to sit with him and anoint him. This should lead us to examine our own hearts to see if we are looking at the worst people among us as beyond the help of Jesus. Like those people, we too have a debt we cannot pay. Every person Jesus saves is a miracle and we must always keep a sober watch on our sin and how Jesus has forgiven it all when we place our faith in Him.

Jobst Landgrebe discusses the direction of modern society and government toward repressive rule and control and how far it might go. He debates the technical feasibility of the social credit system and algorithm ghetto. Some of their plans are contradictory. He gives us an update on the latest in artificial intelligence (AI) and transhumanism as well as his thoughts on BRICS, WW3, and the struggle between elite planning and spontaneous historical evolution. Watch on BitChute / Brighteon / Rokfin / Rumble / Substack Geopolitics & Empire · Jobst Landgrebe: The Trend Toward Repressive Rule, To What Extent Can It Work? #477 *Support Geopolitics & Empire! Donate https://geopoliticsandempire.com/donations Consult https://geopoliticsandempire.com/consultation Become a Member https://geopoliticsandempire.substack.com Become a Sponsor https://geopoliticsandempire.com/sponsors **Visit Our Affiliates & Sponsors! Above Phone https://abovephone.com/?above=geopolitics easyDNS (use promo code GEOPOLITICS for 15% off!) https://easydns.com Escape The Technocracy course (15% discount using this link) https://escapethetechnocracy.com/geopolitics LegalShield https://hhrvojemoric.wearelegalshield.com Wise Wolf Gold https://www.wolfpack.gold/?ref=geopolitics Websites Why Machines Will Never Rule the World: Artificial Intelligence without Fear https://www.routledge.com/Why-Machines-Will-Never-Rule-the-World-Artificial-Intelligence-without-Fear/Landgrebe-Smith/p/book/9781032309934 Google Scholar https://scholar.google.de/citations?user=cFMVHwoAAAAJ&hl=de Wiktia https://wikitia.com/wiki/Jobst_Landgrebe About Jobst Landgrebe Jobst Landgrebe is a scientist and entrepreneur with a background in philosophy, mathematics, neuroscience, and bioinformatics. Landgrebe is also the founder of Cognotekt, a German AI company which has since 2013 provided working systems used by companies in areas such as insurance claims management, real estate management, and medical billing. After more than 10 years in the AI industry, he has developed an exceptional understanding of the limits and potential of AI in the future. *Podcast intro music is from the song "The Queens Jig" by "Musicke & Mirth" from their album "Music for Two Lyra Viols": http://musicke-mirth.de/en/recordings.html (available on iTunes or Amazon)

Jobst Landgrebe discusses the direction of modern society and government toward repressive rule and control and how far it might go. He debates the technical feasibility of the social credit system and algorithm ghetto. Some of their plans are contradictory. He gives us an update on the latest in artificial intelligence (AI) and transhumanism as well as his thoughts on BRICS, WW3, and the struggle between elite planning and spontaneous historical evolution. Watch on BitChute / Brighteon / Rokfin / Rumble / Substack Geopolitics & Empire · Jobst Landgrebe: The Trend Toward Repressive Rule, To What Extent Can It Work? #477 *Support Geopolitics & Empire! Donate https://geopoliticsandempire.com/donations Consult https://geopoliticsandempire.com/consultation Become a Member https://geopoliticsandempire.substack.com Become a Sponsor https://geopoliticsandempire.com/sponsors **Visit Our Affiliates & Sponsors! Above Phone https://abovephone.com/?above=geopolitics easyDNS (use promo code GEOPOLITICS for 15% off!) https://easydns.com Escape The Technocracy course (15% discount using this link) https://escapethetechnocracy.com/geopolitics LegalShield https://hhrvojemoric.wearelegalshield.com Wise Wolf Gold https://www.wolfpack.gold/?ref=geopolitics Websites Why Machines Will Never Rule the World: Artificial Intelligence without Fear https://www.routledge.com/Why-Machines-Will-Never-Rule-the-World-Artificial-Intelligence-without-Fear/Landgrebe-Smith/p/book/9781032309934 Google Scholar https://scholar.google.de/citations?user=cFMVHwoAAAAJ&hl=de Wiktia https://wikitia.com/wiki/Jobst_Landgrebe About Jobst Landgrebe Jobst Landgrebe is a scientist and entrepreneur with a background in philosophy, mathematics, neuroscience, and bioinformatics. Landgrebe is also the founder of Cognotekt, a German AI company which has since 2013 provided working systems used by companies in areas such as insurance claims management, real estate management, and medical billing. After more than 10 years in the AI industry, he has developed an exceptional understanding of the limits and potential of AI in the future. *Podcast intro music is from the song "The Queens Jig" by "Musicke & Mirth" from their album "Music for Two Lyra Viols": http://musicke-mirth.de/en/recordings.html (available on iTunes or Amazon)

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Soviet espionage existed in the United States since the U.S.S.R.'s founding and continued until its dissolution in the 1990s. It reached its height in World War 2 and the early Cold War, especially to steam atomic weapon's technology (revealed to the public with the trials and executions of Julius and Ethel Rosenberg, two Americans who fed intelligence back to the Soviets).The funnel for Americans into Soviet espionage was the Communist Party USA (CPUSA), a movement that attracted egalitarian idealists and bred authoritarian zealots. Throughout its history, the American Communist Party attracted a variety of seemingly contradictory people. Democratic, reform-minded individuals who wanted to end inequality worked alongside authoritarians and ideologues who espoused Soviet propaganda. These factions reached loggerheads following Nikita Khrushchev's revelation of Joseph Stalin's crimes, leading to the organization's decline into political irrelevance.   To look at this history is today's guest, Maurice Isserman, author of “Reds: The Tragedy of American Communism.”