Podcasts about Proton

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Timestamps: 0:00 does this make any sense 0:19 EA acquired in $55B deal 1:21 Snapdragon X2 Elite Extreme benchmarks 2:42 ChatGPT parental controls, Instant Checkout 4:08 Proton! 5:05 QUICK BITS INTRO 5:17 RTX 50 Super series 5:56 ASUS starts to fix ROG laptop stuttering 6:39 Apple's internal Siri chatbot app 7:19 Microsoft introduces 'vibe working' 8:09 Skyrim Grandma retires NEWS SOURCES: https://lmg.gg/yo6Or Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Steve and Max discuss native linux games vs Proton and whether it's the future of gaming on SteamOS. Max shares impressions of Silksong, and Steve is back into Stardew Valley after the 1.6 update.

This week, Marc shares his iPhone horror story, and we talk about those long-awaited Facebook settlement payments finally hitting bank accounts. Federal agencies are leaning more on AI, eye drops may one day replace your reading glasses, and we compare ExpressVPN vs. Proton to see which one comes out on top. Plus: what you need to know about credit card skimmers, why the EU is putting the brakes on Windows 10 charges, and of course — the latest picks in streaming.

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There's a certain weight behind the name Gorkiz. As a DJ, producer, and A&R, his journey is one of steady dedication — nearly a decade spent refining an identity built on hypnotic grooves and deep, progressive textures. From his base in Brazil, Gorkiz has carved out a reputation that extends far beyond borders. Releases on respected imprints like Toolroom, Clubsonica, Mango Alley, The Soundgarden, and UV have positioned him among the names shaping today's underground. Along the way, his music has been championed by Hernan Cattaneo, Nick Warren, Khen, and countless others who recognize the craft in every detail. But Gorkiz isn't only about the studio. As the founder of Transensations Records and a member of Proton's curatorial team, he curates sounds as carefully as he creates them — ensuring his sets and radioshows carry exclusivity and vision. It's a role that keeps him close to the pulse of the scene while pushing it forward. Now, for MUSICUNEED MuNcast, Gorkiz brings that same focus into a mix that reflects both his roots and his reach. Deep, hypnotic, and meticulously built, it captures exactly why he stands as one of the defining voices of Brazilian progressive house today. Follow & Support: Soundcloud: https://soundcloud.com/gorkizmusic Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/djgorkiz/ Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/gorkizofficial YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCMJq... Beatport: https://www.beatport.com/artist/gorki...

Elizabeth Figura, a Wine Developer at CodeWeavers, speaks with SE Radio host Jeremy Jung about the Wine compatibility layer and the Proton distribution. They discuss a wide range of details including system calls, what people run with Wine, how games are built differently, conformance and regression testing, native performance, emulating a CPU vs emulating system calls, the role of the Proton downstream distribution, improving Wine compatibility by patching the Linux kernel and other related projects, Wine's history and sustainment, the Crossover commercial distribution, porting games without source code, loading executables and linked libraries, the difference between user space and kernel space, poor Windows API documentation and use of private APIs, debugging compatibility issues, and contributing to the project. This episode is sponsored by Monday Dev

Elizabeth Figura is a Wine developer at Code Weavers. We discuss how Wine and Proton make it possible to run Windows applications on other operating systems. Related links WineHQ Proton Crossover Direct3D MoltenVK XAudio2 Mesa 3D Graphics Library Transcript You can help correct transcripts on GitHub. Intro [00:00:00] Jeremy: Today I am talking to Elizabeth Figuera. She's a wine developer at Code Weavers. And today we're gonna talk about what that is and, uh, all the work that goes into it. [00:00:09] Elizabeth: Thank you Jeremy. I'm glad to be here. What's Wine [00:00:13] Jeremy: I think the first thing we should talk about is maybe saying what Wine is because I think a lot of people aren't familiar with the project. [00:00:20] Elizabeth: So wine is a translation layer. in fact, I would say wine is a Windows emulator. That is what the name originally stood for. it re implements the entire windows. Or you say win 32 API. so that programs that make calls into the API, will then transfer that code to wine and and we allow that Windows programs to run on, things that are not windows. So Linux, Mac, os, other operating systems such as Solaris and BSD. it works not by emulating the CPU, but by re-implementing every API, basically from scratch and translating them to their equivalent or writing new code in case there is no, you know, equivalent. System Calls [00:01:06] Jeremy: I believe what you're doing is you're emulating system calls. Could you explain what those are and, and how that relates to the project? [00:01:15] Elizabeth: Yeah. so system call in general can be used, referred to a call into the operating system, to execute some functionality that's built into the operating system. often it's used in the context of talking to the kernel windows applications actually tend to talk at a much higher level, because there's so much, so much high level functionality built into Windows. When you think about, as opposed to other operating systems that we basically, we end up end implementing much higher level behavior than you would on Linux. [00:01:49] Jeremy: And can you give some examples of what some of those system calls would be and, I suppose how they may be higher level than some of the Linux ones. [00:01:57] Elizabeth: Sure. So of course you have like low level calls like interacting with a file system, you know, created file and read and write and such. you also have, uh, high level APIs who interact with a sound driver. [00:02:12] Elizabeth: There's, uh, one I was working on earlier today, called XAudio where you, actually, you know, build this bank of of sounds. It's meant to be, played in a game and then you can position them in various 3D space. And the, and the operating system in a sense will, take care of all of the math that goes into making that work. [00:02:36] Elizabeth: That's all running on your computer and. And then it'll send that audio data to the sound card once it's transformed it. So it sounds like it's coming from a certain space. a lot of other things like, you know, parsing XML is another big one. That there's a lot of things. The, there, the, the, the space is honestly huge [00:02:59] Jeremy: And yeah, I can sort of see how those might be things you might not expect to be done by the operating system. Like you gave the example of 3D audio and XML parsing and I think XML parsing in, in particular, you would've thought that that would be something that would be handled by the, the standard library of whatever language the person was writing their application as. [00:03:22] Jeremy: So that's interesting that it's built into the os. [00:03:25] Elizabeth: Yeah. Well, and languages like, see it's not, it isn't even part of the standard library. It's higher level than that. It's, you have specific libraries that are widespread but not. Codified in a standard, but in Windows you, in Windows, they are part of the operating system. And in fact, there's several different, XML parsers in the operating system. Microsoft likes to deprecate old APIs and make new ones that do the same thing very often. [00:03:53] Jeremy: And something I've heard about Windows is that they're typically very reluctant to break backwards compatibility. So you say they're deprecated, but do they typically keep all of them still in there? [00:04:04] Elizabeth: It all still It all still works. [00:04:07] Jeremy: And that's all things that wine has to implement as well to make sure that the software works as well. [00:04:14] Jeremy: Yeah. [00:04:14] Elizabeth: Yeah. And, and we also, you know, need to make it work. we also need to implement those things to make old, programs work because there is, uh, a lot of demand, at least from, at least from people using wine for making, for getting some really old programs, working from the. Early nineties even. What people run with Wine (Productivity, build systems, servers) [00:04:36] Jeremy: And that's probably a good, thing to talk about in terms of what, what are the types of software that, that people are trying to run with wine, and what operating system are they typically using? [00:04:46] Elizabeth: Oh, in terms of software, literally all kinds, any software you can imagine that runs on Windows, people will try to run it on wine. So we're talking games, office software productivity, software accounting. people will run, build systems on wine, build their, just run, uh, build their programs using, on visual studio, running on wine. people will run wine on servers, for example, like software as a service kind of things where you don't even know that it's running on wine. really super domain specific stuff. Like I've run astronomy, software, and wine. Design, computer assisted design, even hardware drivers can sometimes work unwind. There's a bit of a gray area. How games are different [00:05:29] Jeremy: Yeah, it's um, I think from. Maybe the general public, or at least from what I've seen, I think a lot of people's exposure to it is for playing games. is there something different about games versus all those other types of, productivity software and office software that, that makes supporting those different. [00:05:53] Elizabeth: Um, there's some things about it that are different. Games of course have gotten a lot of publicity lately because there's been a huge push, largely from valve, but also some other companies to get. A lot of huge, wide range of games working well under wine. And that's really panned out in the, in a way, I think, I think we've largely succeeded. [00:06:13] Elizabeth: We've made huge strides in the past several years. 5, 5, 10 years, I think. so when you talk about what makes games different, I think, one thing games tend to do is they have a very limited set of things they're working with and they often want to make things run fast, and so they're working very close to the me They're not, they're not gonna use an XML parser, for example. [00:06:44] Elizabeth: They're just gonna talk directly as, directly to the graphics driver as they can. Right. And, and probably going to do all their own sound design. You know, I did talk about that XAudio library, but a lot of games will just talk directly as, directly to the sound driver as Windows Let some, so this is a often a blessing, honestly, because it means there's less we have to implement to make them work. when you look at a lot of productivity applications, and especially, the other thing that makes some productivity applications harder is, Microsoft makes 'em, and They like to, make a library, for use in this one program like Microsoft Office and then say, well, you know, other programs might use this as well. Let's. Put it in the operating system and expose it and write an API for it and everything. And maybe some other programs use it. mostly it's just office, but it means that office relies on a lot of things from the operating system that we all have to reimplement. [00:07:44] Jeremy: Yeah, that's somewhat counterintuitive because when you think of games, you think of these really high performance things that that seem really complicated. But it sounds like from what you're saying, because they use the lower level primitives, they're actually easier in some ways to support. [00:08:01] Elizabeth: Yeah, certainly in some ways, they, yeah, they'll do things like re-implement the heap allocator because the built-in heap allocator isn't fast enough for them. That's another good example. What makes some applications hard to support (Some are hard, can't debug other people's apps) [00:08:16] Jeremy: You mentioned Microsoft's more modern, uh, office suites. I, I've noticed there's certain applications that, that aren't supported. Like, for example, I think the modern Adobe Creative Suite. What's the difference with software like that and does that also apply to the modern office suite, or is, or is that actually supported? [00:08:39] Elizabeth: Well, in one case you have, things like Microsoft using their own APIs that I mentioned with Adobe. That applies less, I suppose, but I think to some degree, I think to some degree the answer is that some applications are just hard and there's, and, and there's no way around it. And, and we can only spend so much time on a hard application. I. Debugging things. Debugging things can get very hard with wine. Let's, let me like explain that for a minute because, Because normally when you think about debugging an application, you say, oh, I'm gonna open up my debugger, pop it in, uh, break at this point, see what like all the variables are, or they're not what I expect. Or maybe wait for it to crash and then get a back trace and see where it crashed. And why you can't do that with wine, because you don't have the application, you don't have the symbols, you don't have your debugging symbols. You don't know anything about the code you're running unless you take the time to disassemble and decompile and read through it. And that's difficult every time. It's not only difficult, every time I've, I've looked at a program and been like, I really need to just. I'm gonna just try and figure out what the program is doing. [00:10:00] Elizabeth: It takes so much time and it is never worth it. And sometimes you have to, sometimes you have no other choice, but usually you end up, you ask to rely on seeing what calls it makes into the operating system and trying to guess which one of those is going wrong. Now, sometimes you'll get lucky and it'll crash in wine code, or sometimes it'll make a call into, a function that we don't implement yet, and we know, oh, we need to implement that function. But sometimes it does something, more obscure and we have to figure out, well, like all of these millions of calls it made, which one of them is, which one of them are we implementing incorrectly? So it's returning the wrong result or not doing something that it should. And, then you add onto that the. You know, all these sort of harder to debug things like memory errors that we could make. And it's, it can be very difficult and so sometimes some applications just suffer from those hard bugs. and sometimes it's also just a matter of not enough demand for something for us to spend a lot of time on it. [00:11:11] Elizabeth: Right. [00:11:14] Jeremy: Yeah, I can see how that would be really challenging because you're, like you were saying, you don't have the symbols, so you don't have the source code, so you don't know what any of this software you're supporting, how it was actually written. And you were saying that I. A lot of times, you know, there may be some behavior that's wrong or a crash, but it's not because wine crashed or there was an error in wine. [00:11:42] Jeremy: so you just know the system calls it made, but you don't know which of the system calls didn't behave the way that the application expected. [00:11:50] Elizabeth: Exactly. Test suite (Half the code is tests) [00:11:52] Jeremy: I can see how that would be really challenging. and wine runs so many different applications. I'm, I'm kind of curious how do you even track what's working and what's not as you, you change wine because if you support thousands or tens thousands of applications, you know, how do you know when you've got a, a regression or not? [00:12:15] Elizabeth: So, it's a great question. Um, probably over half of wine by like source code volume. I actually actually check what it is, but I think it's, i, I, I think it's probably over half is what we call is tests. And these tests serve two purposes. The one purpose is a regression test. And the other purpose is they're conformance tests that test, that test how, uh, an API behaves on windows and validates that we are behaving the same way. So we write all these tests, we run them on windows and you know, write the tests to check what the windows returns, and then we run 'em on wine and make sure that that matches. and we have just such a huge body of tests to make sure that, you know, we're not breaking anything. And that every, every, all the code that we, that we get into wine that looks like, wow, it's doing that really well. Nope, that's what Windows does. The test says so. So pretty much any code that we, any new code that we get, it has to have tests to validate, to, to demonstrate that it's doing the right thing. [00:13:31] Jeremy: And so rather than testing against a specific application, seeing if it works, you're making a call to a Windows system call, seeing how it responds, and then making the same call within wine and just making sure they match. [00:13:48] Elizabeth: Yes, exactly. And that is obviously, or that is a lot more, automatable, right? Because otherwise you have to manually, you know, there's all, these are all graphical applications. [00:14:02] Elizabeth: You'd have to manually do the things and make sure they work. Um, but if you write automateable tests, you can just run them all and the machine will complain at you if it fails it continuous integration. How compatibility problems appear to users [00:14:13] Jeremy: And because there's all these potential compatibility issues where maybe a certain call doesn't behave the way an application expects. What, what are the types of what that shows when someone's using software? I mean, I, I think you mentioned crashes, but I imagine there could be all sorts of other types of behavior. [00:14:37] Elizabeth: Yes, very much so. basically anything, anything you can imagine again is, is what will happen. You can have, crashes are the easy ones because you know when and where it crashed and you can work backwards from there. but you can also get, it can, it could hang, it could not render, right? Like maybe render a black screen. for, you know, for games you could very frequently have, graphical glitches where maybe some objects won't render right? Or the entire screen will be read. Who knows? in a very bad case, you could even bring down your system and we usually say that's not wine's fault. That's the graphics library's fault. 'cause they're not supposed to do that, uh, no matter what we do. But, you know, sometimes we have to work around that anyway. but yeah, there's, there's been some very strange and idiosyncratic bugs out there too. [00:15:33] Jeremy: Yeah. And like you mentioned that uh, there's so many different things that could have gone wrong that imagine's very difficult to find. Yeah. And when software runs through wine, I think, Performance is comparable to native [00:15:49] Jeremy: A lot of our listeners will probably be familiar with running things in a virtual machine, and they know that there's a big performance impact from doing that. [00:15:57] Jeremy: How does the performance of applications compare to running natively on the original Windows OS versus virtual machines? [00:16:08] Elizabeth: So. In theory. and I, I haven't actually done this recently, so I can't speak too much to that, but in theory, the idea is it's a lot faster. so there, there, is a bit of a joke acronym to wine. wine is not an emulator, even though I started out by saying wine is an emulator, and it was originally called a Windows emulator. but what this basically means is wine is not a CPU emulator. It doesn't, when you think about emulators in a general sense, they're often, they're often emulators for specific CPUs, often older ones like, you know, the Commodore emulator or an Amiga emulator. but in this case, you have software that's written for an x86 CPU. And it's running on an x86 CPU by giving it the same instructions that it's giving on windows. It's just that when it says, now call this Windows function, it calls us instead. So that all should perform exactly the same. The only performance difference at that point is that all should perform exactly the same as opposed to a, virtual machine where you have to interpret the instructions and maybe translate them to a different instruction set. The only performance difference is going to be, in the functions that we are implementing themselves and we try to, we try to implement them to perform. As well, or almost as well as windows. There's always going to be a bit of a theoretical gap because we have to translate from say, one API to another, but we try to make that as little as possible. And in some cases, the operating system we're running on is, is just better than Windows and the libraries we're using are better than Windows. [00:18:01] Elizabeth: And so our games will run faster, for example. sometimes we can, sometimes we can, do a better job than Windows at implementing something that's, that's under our purview. there there are some games that do actually run a little bit faster in wine than they do on Windows. [00:18:22] Jeremy: Yeah, that, that reminds me of how there's these uh, gaming handhelds out now, and some of the same ones, they have a, they either let you install Linux or install windows, or they just come with a pre-installed, and I believe what I've read is that oftentimes running the same game on both operating systems, running the same game on Linux, the battery life is better and sometimes even the performance is better with these handhelds. [00:18:53] Jeremy: So it's, it's really interesting that that can even be the case. [00:18:57] Elizabeth: Yeah, it's really a testament to the huge amount of work that's gone into that, both on the wine side and on the, side of the graphics team and the colonel team. And, and of course, you know, the years of, the years of, work that's gone into Linux, even before these gaming handhelds were, were even under consideration. Proton and Valve Software's role [00:19:21] Jeremy: And something. So for people who are familiar with the handhelds, like the steam deck, they may have heard of proton. Uh, I wonder if you can explain what proton is and how it relates to wine. [00:19:37] Elizabeth: Yeah. So, proton is basically, how do I describe this? So, proton is a sort of a fork, uh, although we try to avoid the term fork. It's a, we say it's a downstream distribution because we contribute back up to wine. so it is a, it is, it is a alternate distribution fork of wine. And it's also some code that basically glues wine into, an embedding application originally intended for steam, and developed for valve. it has also been used in, others, but it has also been used in other software. it, so where proton differs from wine besides the glue part is it has some, it has some extra hacks in it for bugs that are hard to fix and easy to hack around as some quick hacks for, making games work now that are like in the process of going upstream to wine and getting their code quality improved and going through review. [00:20:54] Elizabeth: But we want the game to work now, when we distribute it. So that'll, that'll go into proton immediately. And then once we have, once the patch makes it upstream, we replace it with the version of the patch from upstream. there's other things to make it interact nicely with steam and so on. And yeah, I think, yeah, I think that's, I got it. [00:21:19] Jeremy: Yeah. And I think for people who aren't familiar, steam is like this, um, I, I don't even know what you call it, like a gaming store and a [00:21:29] Elizabeth: store game distribution service. it's got a huge variety of games on it, and you just publish. And, and it's a great way for publishers to interact with their, you know, with a wider gaming community, uh, after it, just after paying a cut to valve of their profits, they can reach a lot of people that way. And because all these games are on team and, valve wants them to work well on, on their handheld, they contracted us to basically take their entire catalog, which is huge, enormous. And trying and just step by step. Fix every game and make them all work. [00:22:10] Jeremy: So, um, and I guess for people who aren't familiar Valve, uh, softwares the company that runs steam, and so it sounds like they've asked, uh, your company to, to help improve the compatibility of their catalog. [00:22:24] Elizabeth: Yes. valve contracted us and, and again, when you're talking about wine using lower level libraries, they've also contracted a lot of other people outside of wine. Basically, the entire stack has had a tremendous, tremendous investment by valve software to make gaming on Linux work. Well. The entire stack receives changes to improve Wine compatibility [00:22:48] Jeremy: And when you refer to the entire stack, like what are some, some of those pieces, at least at a high level. [00:22:54] Elizabeth: I, I would, let's see, let me think. There is the wine project, the. Mesa Graphics Libraries. that's a, that's another, you know, uh, open source, software project that existed, has existed for a long time. But Valve has put a lot of, uh, funding and effort into it, the Linux kernel in various different ways. [00:23:17] Elizabeth: the, the desktop, uh, environment and Window Manager for, um, are also things they've invested in. [00:23:26] Jeremy: yeah. Everything that the game needs, on any level and, and that the, and that the operating system of the handheld device needs. Wine's history [00:23:37] Jeremy: And wine's been going on for quite a while. I think it's over a decade, right? [00:23:44] Elizabeth: I believe. Oh, more than, oh, far more than a decade. I believe it started in 1990, I wanna say about 1995, mid nineties. I'm, I probably have that date wrong. I believe Wine started about the mid nineties. [00:24:00] Jeremy: Mm. [00:24:00] Elizabeth: it's going on for three decades at this rate. [00:24:03] Jeremy: Wow. Okay. [00:24:06] Jeremy: And so all this time, how has the, the project sort of sustained itself? Like who's been involved and how has it been able to keep going this long? [00:24:18] Elizabeth: Uh, I think as is the case with a lot of free software, it just, it just keeps trudging along. There's been. There's been times where there's a lot of interest in wine. There's been times where there's less, and we are fortunate to be in a time where there's a lot of interest in it. we've had the same maintainer for almost this entire, almost this entire existence. Uh, Alexander Julliard, there was one person starting who started, maintained it before him and, uh, left it maintainer ship to him after a year or two. Uh, Bob Amstat. And there has been a few, there's been a few developers who have been around for a very long time. a lot of developers who have been around for a decent amount of time, but not for the entire duration. And then a very, very large number of people who come and submit a one-off fix for their individual application that they want to make work. [00:25:19] Jeremy: How does crossover relate to the wine project? Like, it sounds like you had mentioned Valve software hired you for subcontract work, but crossover itself has been around for quite a while. So how, how has that been connected to the wine project? [00:25:37] Elizabeth: So I work for, so the, so the company I work for is Code Weavers and, crossover is our flagship software. so Code Weavers is a couple different things. We have a sort of a porting service where companies will come to us and say, can we port my application usually to Mac? And then we also have a retail service where Where we basically have our own, similar to Proton, but you know, older, but the same idea where we will add some hacks into it for very difficult to solve bugs and we have a, a nice graphical interface. And then, the other thing that we're selling with crossover is support. So if you, you know, try to run a certain application and you buy crossover, you can submit a ticket saying this doesn't work and we now have a financial incentive to fix it. You know, we'll try to, we'll try to fix your, we'll spend company resources to fix your bug, right? So that's been so, so code we v has been around since 1996 and crossover, I don't know the date, but it's crossover has been around for probably about two decades, if I'm not mistaken. [00:27:01] Jeremy: And when you mention helping companies port their software to, for example, MacOS. [00:27:07] Jeremy: Is the approach that you would port it natively to MacOS APIs or is it that you would help them get it running using wine on MacOS? [00:27:21] Elizabeth: Right. That's, so that's basically what makes us so unique among porting companies is that instead of rewriting their software, we just, we just basically stick it inside of crossover and, uh, and, and make it run. [00:27:36] Elizabeth: And the idea has always been, you know, the more we implement, the more we get correct, the, the more applications will, you know, work. And sometimes it works out that way. Sometimes not really so much. And there's always work we have to do to get any given application to work, but. Yeah, so it's, it's very unusual because we don't ask companies for any of their code. We don't need it. We just fix the windows API [00:28:07] Jeremy: And, and so in that case, the ports would be let's say someone sells a MacOS version of their software. They would bundle crossover, uh, with their software. [00:28:18] Elizabeth: Right? And usually when you do this, it doesn't look like there's crossover there. Like it just looks like this software is native, but there is soft, there is crossover under the hood. Loading executables and linked libraries [00:28:32] Jeremy: And so earlier we were talking about how you're basically intercepting the system calls that these binaries are making, whether that's the executable or the, the DLLs from Windows. Um, but I think probably a lot of our listeners are not really sure how that's done. Like they, they may have built software, but they don't know, how do I basically hijack, the system calls that this application is making. [00:29:01] Jeremy: So maybe you could talk a little bit about how that works. [00:29:04] Elizabeth: So there, so there's a couple steps to go into it. when you think about a program that's say, that's a big, a big file that's got all the machine code in it, and then it's got stuff at the beginning saying, here's how the program works and here's where in the file the processor should start running. that's, that's your EXE file. And then in your DLL files are libraries that contain shared code and you have like a similar sort of file. It says, here's the entry point. That runs this function, this, you know, this pars XML function or whatever have you. [00:29:42] Elizabeth: And here's this entry point that has the generate XML function and so on and so forth. And, and, then the operating system will basically take the EXE file and see all the bits in it. Say I want to call the pars XML function. It'll load that DLL and hook it up. So it, so the processor ends up just seeing jump directly to this pars XML function and then run that and then return and so on. [00:30:14] Elizabeth: And so what wine does, is it part of wine? That's part of wine is a library, is that, you know, the implementing that parse XML and read XML function, but part of it is the loader, which is the part of the operating system that hooks everything together. And when we load, we. Redirect to our libraries. We don't have Windows libraries. [00:30:38] Elizabeth: We like, we redirect to ours and then we run our code. And then when you jump back to the program and yeah. [00:30:48] Jeremy: So it's the, the loader that's a part of wine. That's actually, I'm not sure if running the executable is the right term. [00:30:58] Elizabeth: no, I think that's, I think that's a good term. It's, it's, it's, it starts in a loader and then we say, okay, now run the, run the machine code and it's executable and then it runs and it jumps between our libraries and back and so on. [00:31:14] Jeremy: And like you were saying before, often times when it's trying to make a system call, it ends up being handled by a function that you've written in wine. And then that in turn will call the, the Linux system calls or the MacOS system calls to try and accomplish the, the same result. [00:31:36] Elizabeth: Right, exactly. [00:31:40] Jeremy: And something that I think maybe not everyone is familiar with is there's this concept of user space versus kernel space. you explain what the difference is? [00:31:51] Elizabeth: So the way I would explain, the way I would describe a kernel is it's the part of the operating system that can do anything, right? So any program, any code that runs on your computer is talking to the processor, and the processor has to be able to do anything the computer can do. [00:32:10] Elizabeth: It has to be able to talk to the hardware, it has to set up the memory space. That, so actually a very complicated task has to be able to switch to another task. and, and, and, and basically talk to another program and. You have to have something there that can do everything, but you don't want any program to be able to do everything. Um, not since the, not since the nineties. It's about when we realized that we can't do that. so the kernel is a part that can do everything. And when you need to do something that requires those, those permissions that you can't give everyone, you have to talk to the colonel and ask it, Hey, can you do this for me please? And in a very restricted way where it's only the safe things you can do. And a degree, it's also like a library, right? It's the kernel. The kernels have always existed, and since they've always just been the core standard library of the computer that does the, that does the things like read and write files, which are very, very complicated tasks under the hood, but look very simple because all you say is write this file. And talk to the hardware and abstract away all the difference between different drivers. So the kernel is doing all of these things. So because the kernel is a part that can do everything and because when you think about the kernel, it is basically one program that is always running on your computer, but it's only one program. So when a user calls the kernel, you are switching from one program to another and you're doing a lot of complicated things as part of this. You're switching to the higher privilege level where you can do anything and you're switching the state from one program to another. And so it's a it. So this is what we mean when we talk about user space, where you're running like a normal program and kernel space where you've suddenly switched into the kernel. [00:34:19] Elizabeth: Now you're executing with increased privileges in a different. idea of the process space and increased responsibility and so on. [00:34:30] Jeremy: And, and so do most applications. When you were talking about the system calls for handling 3D audio or parsing XML. Are those considered, are those system calls considered part of user space and then those things call the kernel space on your behalf, or how, how would you describe that? [00:34:50] Elizabeth: So most, so when you look at Windows, most of most of the Windows library, the vast, vast majority of it is all user space. most of these libraries that we implement never leave user space. They never need to call into the kernel. there's the, there only the core low level stuff. Things like, we need to read a file, that's a kernel call. when you need to sleep and wait for some seconds, that's a kernel. Need to talk to a different process. Things that interact with different processes in general. not just allocate memory, but allocate a page of memory, like a, from the memory manager and then that gets sub allocated by the heap allocator. so things like that. [00:35:31] Jeremy: Yeah, so if I was writing an application and I needed to open a file, for example, does, does that mean that I would have to communicate with the kernel to, to read that file? [00:35:43] Elizabeth: Right, exactly. [00:35:46] Jeremy: And so most applications, it sounds like it's gonna be a mixture. You're gonna have a lot of things that call user space calls. And then a few, you mentioned more low level ones that are gonna require you to communicate with the kernel. [00:36:00] Elizabeth: Yeah, basically. And it's worth noting that in, in all operating systems, you're, you're almost always gonna be calling a user space library. That might just be a thin wrapper over the kernel call. It might, it's gonna do like just a little bit of work in end call the kernel. [00:36:19] Jeremy: [00:36:19] Elizabeth: In fact, in Windows, that's the only way to do it. Uh, in many other operating systems, you can actually say, you can actually tell the processor to make the kernel call. There is a special instruction that does this and just, and it'll go directly to the kernel, and there's a defined interface for this. But in Windows, that interface is not defined. It's not stable. Or backwards compatible like the rest of Windows is. So even if you wanted to use it, you couldn't. and you basically have to call into the high level libraries or low level libraries, as it were, that, that tell you that create a file. And those don't do a lot. [00:37:00] Elizabeth: They just kind of tweak their parameters a little and then pass them right down to the kernel. [00:37:07] Jeremy: And so wine, it sounds like it needs to implement both the user space calls of windows, but then also the, the kernel, calls as well. But, but wine itself does that, is that only in Linux user space or MacOS user space? [00:37:27] Elizabeth: Yes. This is a very tricky thing. but all of wine, basically all of what is wine runs in, in user space and we use. Kernel calls that are already there to talk to the colonel, to talk to the host Colonel. You have to, and you, you get, you get, you get the sort of second nature of thinking about the Windows, user space and kernel. [00:37:50] Elizabeth: And then there's a host user space and Kernel and wine is running all in user, in the user, in the host user space, but it's emulating the Windows kernel. In fact, one of the weirdest, trickiest parts is I mentioned that you can run some drivers in wine. And those drivers actually, they actually are, they think they're running in the Windows kernel. which in a sense works the same way. It has libraries that it can load, and those drivers are basically libraries and they're making, kernel calls and they're, they're making calls into the kernel library that does some very, very low level tasks that. You're normally only supposed to be able to do in a kernel. And, you know, because the kernel requires some privileges, we kind of pretend we have them. And in many cases, you're even the drivers are using abstractions. We can just implement those abstractions kind of over the slightly higher level abstractions that exist in user space. [00:39:00] Jeremy: Yeah, I hadn't even considered the being able to use hardware devices, but I, I suppose if in, in the end, if you're reproducing the kernel, then whether you're running software or you're talking to a hardware device, as long as you implement the calls correctly, then I, I suppose it works. [00:39:18] Elizabeth: Cause you're, you're talking about device, like maybe it's some kind of USB device that has drivers for Windows, but it doesn't for, for Linux. [00:39:28] Elizabeth: no, that's exactly, that's a, that's kind of the, the example I've used. Uh, I think there is, I think I. My, one of my best success stories was, uh, drivers for a graphing calculator. [00:39:41] Jeremy: Oh, wow. [00:39:42] Elizabeth: That connected via USB and I basically just plugged the windows drivers into wine and, and ran it. And I had to implement a lot of things, but it worked. But for example, something like a graphics driver is not something you could implement in wine because you need the graphics driver on the host. We can't talk to the graphics driver while the host is already doing so. [00:40:05] Jeremy: I see. Yeah. And in that case it probably doesn't make sense to do so [00:40:11] Elizabeth: Right? [00:40:12] Elizabeth: Right. It doesn't because, the transition from user into kernel is complicated. You need the graphics driver to be in the kernel and the real kernel. Having it in wine would be a bad idea. Yeah. [00:40:25] Jeremy: I, I think there's, there's enough APIs you have to try and reproduce that. I, I think, uh, doing, doing something where, [00:40:32] Elizabeth: very difficult [00:40:33] Jeremy: right. Poor system call documentation and private APIs [00:40:35] Jeremy: There's so many different, calls both in user space and in kernel space. I imagine the, the user space ones Microsoft must document to some extent, but, oh. Is that, is that a [00:40:51] Elizabeth: well, sometimes, [00:40:54] Jeremy: Sometimes. Okay. [00:40:55] Elizabeth: I think it's actually better now than it used to be. But some, here's where things get fun, because sometimes there will be, you know, regular documented calls. Sometimes those calls are documented, but the documentation isn't very good. Sometimes programs will just sort of look inside Microsoft's DLLs and use calls that they aren't supposed to be using. Sometimes they use calls that they are supposed to be using, but the documentation has disappeared. just because it's that old of an API and Microsoft hasn't kept it around. sometimes some, sometimes Microsoft, Microsoft own software uses, APIs that were never documented because they never wanted anyone else using them, but they still ship them with the operating system. there was actually a kind of a lawsuit about this because it is an antitrust lawsuit, because by shipping things that only they could use, they were kind of creating a trust. and that got some things documented. At least in theory, they kind of haven't stopped doing it, though. [00:42:08] Jeremy: Oh, so even today they're, they're, I guess they would call those private, private APIs, I suppose. [00:42:14] Elizabeth: I suppose. Uh, yeah, you could say private APIs. but if we want to get, you know, newer versions of Microsoft Office running, we still have to figure out what they're doing and implement them. [00:42:25] Jeremy: And given that they're either, like you were saying, the documentation is kind of all over the place. If you don't know how it's supposed to behave, how do you even approach implementing them? [00:42:38] Elizabeth: and that's what the conformance tests are for. And I, yeah, I mentioned earlier we have this huge body of conformance tests that double is regression tests. if we see an API, we don't know what to do with or an API, we do know, we, we think we know what to do with because the documentation can just be wrong and often has been. Then we write tests to figure out what it's supposed to behave. We kind of guess until we, and, and we write tests and we pass some things in and see what comes out and see what. The see what the operating system does until we figure out, oh, so this is what it's supposed to do and these are the exact parameters in, and, and then we, and, and then we implement it according to those tests. [00:43:24] Jeremy: Is there any distinction in approach for when you're trying to implement something that's at the user level versus the kernel level? [00:43:33] Elizabeth: No, not really. And like I, and like I mentioned earlier, like, well, I mean, a kernel call is just like a library call. It's just done in a slightly different way, but it's still got, you know, parameters in, it's still got a set of parameters. They're just encoded differently. And, and again, like the, the way kernel calls are done is on a level just above the kernel where you have a library, that just passes things through. Almost verbatim to the kernel and we implement that library instead. [00:44:10] Jeremy: And, and you've been working on i, I think, wine for over, over six years now. [00:44:18] Elizabeth: That sounds about right. Debugging and having broad knowledge of Wine [00:44:20] Jeremy: What does, uh, your, your day to day look like? What parts of the project do you, do you work on? [00:44:27] Elizabeth: It really varies from day to day. and I, I, a lot of people, a lot of, some people will work on the same parts of wine for years. Uh, some people will switch around and work on all sorts of different things. [00:44:42] Elizabeth: And I'm, I definitely belong to that second group. Like if you name an area of wine, I have almost certainly contributed a patch or two to it. there's some areas I work on more than others, like, 3D graphics, multimedia, a, I had, I worked on a compiler that exists, uh, socket. So networking communication is another thing I work a lot on. day to day, I kind of just get, I, I I kind of just get a bug for some program or another. and I take it and I debug it and figure out why the program's broken and then I fix it. And there's so much variety in that. because a bug can take so many different forms like I described, and, and, and the, and then the fix can be simple or complicated or, and it can be in really anywhere to a degree. [00:45:40] Elizabeth: being able to work on any part of wine is sometimes almost a necessity because if a program is just broken, you don't know why. It could be anything. It could be any sort of API. And sometimes you can hand the API to somebody who's got a lot of experience in that, but sometimes you just do whatever. You just fix whatever's broken and you get an experience that way. [00:46:06] Jeremy: Yeah, I mean, I was gonna ask about the specialized skills to, to work on wine, but it sounds like maybe in your case it's all of them. [00:46:15] Elizabeth: It's, there's a bit of that. it's a wine. We, the skills to work on wine are very, it's a very unique set of skills because, and it largely comes down to debugging because you can't use the tools you normally use debug. [00:46:30] Elizabeth: You have to, you have to be creative and think about it different ways. Sometimes you have to be very creative. and programs will try their hardest to avoid being debugged because they don't want anyone breaking their copy protection, for example, or or hacking, or, you know, hacking in sheets. They want to be, they want, they don't want anyone hacking them like that. [00:46:54] Elizabeth: And we have to do it anyway for good and legitimate purposes. We would argue to make them work better on more operating systems. And so we have to fight that every step of the way. [00:47:07] Jeremy: Yeah, it seems like it's a combination of. F being able, like you, you were saying, being able to, to debug. and you're debugging not necessarily your own code, but you're debugging this like behavior of, [00:47:25] Jeremy: And then based on that behavior, you have to figure out, okay, where in all these different systems within wine could this part be not working? [00:47:35] Jeremy: And I, I suppose you probably build up some kind of, mental map in your head of when you get a, a type of bug or a type of crash, you oh, maybe it's this, maybe it's here, or something [00:47:47] Elizabeth: Yeah. That, yeah, there is a lot of that. there's, you notice some patterns, you know, after experience helps, but because any bug could be new, sometimes experience doesn't help and you just, you just kind of have to start from scratch. Finding a bug related to XAudio [00:48:08] Jeremy: At sort of a high level, can you give an example of where you got a specific bug report and then where you had to look to eventually find which parts of the the system were the issue? [00:48:21] Elizabeth: one, one I think good example, that I've done recently. so I mentioned this, this XAudio library that does 3D audio. And if you say you come across a bug, I'm gonna be a little bit generics here and say you come across a bug where some audio isn't playing right, maybe there's, silence where there should be the audio. So you kind of, you look in and see, well, where's that getting lost? So you can basically look in the input calls and say, here's the buffer it's submitting that's got all the audio data in it. And you look at the output, you look at where you think the output should be, like, that library will internally call a different library, which programs can interact with directly. [00:49:03] Elizabeth: And this our high level library interacts with that is the, give this sound to the audio driver, right? So you've got XAudio on top of, um. mdev, API, which is the other library that gives audio to the driver. And you see, well, the ba the buffer is that XAudio is passing into MM Dev, dev API. They're empty, there's nothing in them. So you have to kind of work through the XAudio library to see where is, where's that sound getting lost? Or maybe, or maybe that's not getting lost. Maybe it's coming through all garbled. And I've had to look at the buffer and see why is it garbled. I'll open up it up in Audacity and look at the weight shape of the wave and say, huh, that shape of the wave looks like it's, it looks like we're putting silence every 10 nanoseconds or something, or, or reversing something or interpreting it wrong. things like that. Um, there's a lot of, you'll do a lot of, putting in print fs basically all throughout wine to see where does the state change. Where was, where is it? Where is it? Right? And then where do things start going wrong? [00:50:14] Jeremy: Yeah. And in the audio example, because they're making a call to your XAudio implementation, you can see that Okay, the, the buffer, the audio that's coming in. That part is good. It, it's just that later on when it sends it to what's gonna actually have it be played by the, the hardware, that's when missing. So, [00:50:37] Elizabeth: We did something wrong in a library that destroyed the buffer. And I think on a very, high level a lot of debugging, wine is about finding where things are good and finding where things are bad, and then narrowing that down until we find the one spot where things go wrong. There's a lot of processes that go like that. [00:50:57] Jeremy: like you were saying, the more you see these problems, hopefully the, the easier it gets to, to narrow down where, [00:51:04] Elizabeth: Often. Yeah. Especially if you keep debugging things in the same area. How much code is OS specific?c [00:51:09] Jeremy: And wine supports more than one operating system. I, I saw there was Linux, MacOS I think free BSD. How much of the code is operating system specific versus how much can just be shared across all of them? [00:51:27] Elizabeth: Not that much is operating system specific actually. so when you think about the volume of wine, the, the, the, vast majority of it is the high level code that doesn't need to interact with the operating system on a low level. Right? Because Windows keeps putting, because Microsoft keeps putting lots and lots of different libraries in their operating system. And a lot of these are high level libraries. and even when we do interact with the operating system, we're, we're using cross-platform libraries or we're using, we're using ics. The, uh, so all these operating systems that we are implementing are con, basically conformed to the posix standard. which is basically like Unix, they're all Unix based. Psic is a Unix based standard. Microsoft is, you know, the big exception that never did implement that. And, and so we have to translate its APIs to Unix, APIs. now that said, there is a lot of very operating system, specific code. Apple makes things difficult by try, by diverging almost wherever they can. And so we have a lot of Apple specific code in there. [00:52:46] Jeremy: another example I can think of is, I believe MacOS doesn't support, Vulkan [00:52:53] Elizabeth: yes. Yeah.Yeah, That's a, yeah, that's a great example of Mac not wanting to use, uh, generic libraries that work on every other operating system. and in some cases we, we look at it and are like, alright, we'll implement a wrapper for that too, on top of Yuri, on top of your, uh, operating system. We've done it for Windows, we can do it for Vulkan. and that's, and then you get the Molten VK project. Uh, and to be clear, we didn't invent molten vk. It was around before us. We have contributed a lot to it. Direct3d, Vulkan, and MoltenVK [00:53:28] Jeremy: Yeah, I think maybe just at a high level might be good to explain the relationship between Direct 3D or Direct X and Vulcan and um, yeah. Yeah. Maybe if you could go into that. [00:53:42] Elizabeth: so Direct 3D is Microsoft's 3D API. the 3D APIs, you know, are, are basically a way to, they're way to firstly abstract out the differences between different graphics, graphics cards, which, you know, look very different on a hardware level. [00:54:03] Elizabeth: Especially. They, they used to look very different and they still do look very different. and secondly, a way to deal with them at a high level because actually talking to the graphics card on a low level is very, very complicated. Even talking to it on a high level is complicated, but it gets, it can get a lot worse if you've ever been a, if you've ever done any graphics, driver development. so you have a, a number of different APIs that achieve these two goals of, of, abstraction and, and of, of, of building a common abstraction and of building a, a high level abstraction. so OpenGL is the broadly the free, the free operating system world, the non Microsoft's world's choice, back in the day. [00:54:53] Elizabeth: And then direct 3D was Microsoft's API and they've and Direct 3D. And both of these have evolved over time and come up with new versions and such. And when any, API exists for too long. It gains a lot of croft and needs to be replaced. And eventually, eventually the people who developed OpenGL decided we need to start over, get rid of the Croft to make it cleaner and make it lower level. [00:55:28] Elizabeth: Because to get in a maximum performance games really want low level access. And so they made Vulcan, Microsoft kind of did the same thing, but they still call it Direct 3D. they just, it's, it's their, the newest version of Direct 3D is lower level. It's called Direct 3D 12. and, and, Mac looked at this and they decided we're gonna do the same thing too, but we're not gonna use Vulcan. [00:55:52] Elizabeth: We're gonna define our own. And they call it metal. And so when we want to translate D 3D 12 into something that another operating system understands. That's probably Vulcan. And, and on Mac, we need to translate it to metal somehow. And we decided instead of having a separate layer from D three 12 to metal, we're just gonna translate it to Vulcan and then translate the Vulcan to metal. And it also lets things written for Vulcan on Windows, which is also a thing that exists that lets them work on metal. [00:56:30] Jeremy: And having to do that translation, does that have a performance impact or is that not really felt? [00:56:38] Elizabeth: yes. It's kind of like, it's kind of like anything, when you talk about performance, like I mentioned this earlier, there's always gonna be overhead from translating from one API to another. But we try to, what we, we put in heroic efforts to. And try, try to make sure that doesn't matter, to, to make sure that stuff that needs to be fast is really as fast as it can possibly be. [00:57:06] Elizabeth: And some very clever things have been done along those lines. and, sometimes the, you know, the graphics drivers underneath are so good that it actually does run better, even despite the translation overhead. And then sometimes to make it run fast, we need to say, well, we're gonna implement a new API that behaves more like windows, so we can do less work translating it. And that's, and sometimes that goes into the graphics library and sometimes that goes into other places. Targeting Wine instead of porting applications [00:57:43] Jeremy: Yeah. Something I've found a little bit interesting about the last few years is [00:57:49] Jeremy: Developers in the past, they would generally target Windows and you might be lucky to get a Mac port or a Linux port. And I wonder, like, in your opinion now, now that a lot of developers are just targeting Windows and relying on wine or, or proton to, to run their software, is there any, I suppose, downside to doing that? [00:58:17] Jeremy: Or is it all just upside, like everyone should target Windows as this common platform? [00:58:23] Elizabeth: Yeah. It's an interesting question. I, there's some people who seem to think it's a bad thing that, that we're not getting native ports in the same sense, and then there's some people who. Who See, no, that's a perfectly valid way to do ports just right for this defacto common API it was never intended as a cross platform common API, but we've made it one. [00:58:47] Elizabeth: Right? And so why is that any worse than if it runs on a different API on on Linux or Mac and I? Yeah, I, I, I guess I tend to, I, that that argument tends to make sense to me. I don't, I don't really see, I don't personally see a lot of reason for, to, to, to say that one library is more pure than another. [00:59:12] Elizabeth: Right now, I do think Windows APIs are generally pretty bad. I, I'm, this might be, you know, just some sort of, this might just be an effect of having to work with them for a very long time and see all their flaws and have to deal with the nonsense that they do. But I think that a lot of the. Native Linux APIs are better. But if you like your Windows API better. And if you want to target Windows and that's the only way to do it, then sure why not? What's wrong with that? [00:59:51] Jeremy: Yeah, and I think the, doing it this way, targeting Windows, I mean if you look in the past, even though you had some software that would be ported to other operating systems without this compatibility layer, without people just targeting Windows, all this software that people can now run on these portable gaming handhelds or on Linux, Most of that software was never gonna be ported. So yeah, absolutely. And [01:00:21] Elizabeth: that's [01:00:22] Jeremy: having that as an option. Yeah. [01:00:24] Elizabeth: That's kind of why wine existed, because people wanted to run their software. You know, that was never gonna be ported. They just wanted, and then the community just spent a lot of effort in, you know, making all these individual programs run. Yeah. [01:00:39] Jeremy: I think it's pretty, pretty amazing too that, that now that's become this official way, I suppose, of distributing your software where you say like, Hey, I made a Windows version, but you're on your Linux machine. it's officially supported because, we have this much belief in this compatibility layer. [01:01:02] Elizabeth: it's kind of incredible to see wine having got this far. I mean, I started working on a, you know, six, seven years ago, and even then, I could never have imagined it would be like this. [01:01:16] Elizabeth: So as we, we wrap up, for the developers that are listening or, or people who are just users of wine, um, is there anything you think they should know about the project that we haven't talked about? [01:01:31] Elizabeth: I don't think there's anything I can think of. [01:01:34] Jeremy: And if people wanna learn, uh, more about the wine project or, or see what you're up to, where, where should they, where should they head? Getting support and contributing [01:01:45] Elizabeth: We don't really have any things like news, unfortunately. Um, read the release notes, uh, follow some, there's some, there's some people who, from Code Weavers who do blogs. So if you, so if you go to codeweavers.com/blog, there's some, there's, there's some codeweavers stuff, uh, some marketing stuff. But there's also some developers who will talk about bugs that they are solving and. And how it's easy and, and the experience of working on wine. [01:02:18] Jeremy: And I suppose if, if someone's. Interested in like, like let's say they have a piece of software, it's not working through wine. what's the best place for them to, to either get help or maybe even get involved with, with trying to fix it? [01:02:37] Elizabeth: yeah. Uh, so you can file a bug on, winehq.org,or, or, you know, find, there's a lot of developer resources there and you can get involved with contributing to the software. And, uh, there, there's links to our mailing list and IRC channels and, uh, and, and the GitLab, where all places you can find developers. [01:03:02] Elizabeth: We love to help you. Debug things. We love to help you fix things. We try our very best to be a welcoming community and we have got a long, we've got a lot of experience working with people who want to get their application working. So, we would love to, we'd love to have another. [01:03:24] Jeremy: Very cool. Yeah, I think wine is a really interesting project because I think for, I guess it would've been for decades, it seemed like very niche, like not many people [01:03:37] Jeremy: were aware of it. And now I think maybe in particular because of the, the Linux gaming handhelds, like the steam deck,wine is now something that a bunch of people who would've never heard about it before, and now they're aware of it. [01:03:53] Elizabeth: Absolutely. I've watched that transformation happen in real time and it's been surreal. [01:04:00] Jeremy: Very cool. Well, Elizabeth, thank you so much for, for joining me today. [01:04:05] Elizabeth: Thank you, Jeremy. I've been glad to be here.

Andreas Von Gunten und Martin Steiger diskutieren Follow-up zu Themen aus bisherigen Episoden der «Datenschutz-Plaudereien», unter anderem zum KI-Modell Apertus und Daten der SRG, zum Marketing von Proton und zu Tipps für mehr Sicherheit im digitalen Raum.

The boys are back! A few boys short. But we carry on, this week to talk about the perfect Linux Setup. ==== Special Thanks to Our Patrons! ==== https://thelinuxcast.org/patrons/ ===== Follow us

The backlash to the Charlie Kirk assassination, listener email, FCC objects to comments made by Jimmy Kimmel, Proton disables journalists' email accounts, NYC wireless emergency alert test.

The backlash to the Charlie Kirk assassination, listener email, FCC objects to comments made by Jimmy Kimmel, Proton disables journalists' email accounts, NYC wireless emergency alert test.

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Shoot us a Text.Episode #1144: Dealers face rising cyber threats, Chevy launches big EV incentives, and the Goodyear Blimp marks 100 years over Detroit.Show Notes with links:Proton Dealership IT's Cybersecurity 2025 report shows auto retailers are still being hit hard by organized cyberattacks. Activity remains 150–250% higher than before mid-2024's massive outage, with new tactics targeting dealership websites, employees, and customer data.December 2024 saw a 110% year-over-year increase in dealership cyberattacks.A March 2025 supply chain breach slipped malware into dealership website photos.Criminals time attacks around holidays and off-hours, boosting ransom success.Stolen passwords and remote access put payroll, banking, and OEM systems at risk.Proton urges dealers to enforce MFA, deploy Managed Detection & Response, and train staff against phishing.“Attacks are targeting dealerships every single day. How well those dealerships are protected makes a difference,” Proton warns.Chevrolet is going all-in on affordability this month with new incentives across its Equinox, Blazer, and Silverado EVs—just in time before the federal EV tax credit dries up.The Equinox EV, dubbed “America's most affordable 315+ mile range EV,” now leases for as low as $249/month.Chevy is offering up to $3,000 in customer cash on the Equinox and up to $4,000 on the Silverado EV.Costco members can save an additional $1,250 on top of existing offers.Financing deals include 0% APR for 60 months or the $7,500 tax credit applied at the point of sale.Senior Vice President and President, North America, Duncan Aldred: “We will almost certainly see a smaller EV market for a while, and we won't overproduce. Still, we believe GM can continue to grow EV market share.”​​If you spotted the Goodyear Blimp flying over Detroit this week, it wasn't covering a touchdown or home run—it was celebrating a milestone.The Goodyear Blimp “Wingfoot One” was in town for the 2025 Automotive News Congress in Detroit.Goodyear and Automotive News are both celebrating their 100th anniversaries this year.Rides were offered to Congress attendees from Willow Run Airport on Sept. 10. And on Sept. 11, the blimp soared over the city in honor of the industry event.Join Paul J Daly and Kyle Mountsier every morning for the Automotive State of the Union podcast as they connect the dots across car dealerships, retail trends, emerging tech like AI, and cultural shifts—bringing clarity, speed, and people-first insight to automotive leaders navigating a rapidly changing industry.Get the Daily Push Back email at https://www.asotu.com/ JOIN the conversation on LinkedIn at: https://www.linkedin.com/company/asotu/

Windows 11 • Patch Tuesday arrives with several new features for all Windows 11 users • A few new features added for Copilot+ PCs • This may be the last cumulative update before 25H2 Windows Insider • New Canary build includes features we've seen before • Copilot+ PCs bring Windows Studio Effects to secondary cameras in Dev and Beta channels Hardware • 40-year Intel veteran now leads PC chips business • Paul's continued criticism of Lunar Lake problems • Lenovo's three IFA concept devices should become shipping products Apps • Atlassian acquires The Browser Company, potentially threatening the Dia browser Microsoft • Microsoft mandates employees return to office three days per week • Microsoft accused of "gross cybersecurity negligence" Dev • Microsoft open sources 6502 BASIC • First Visual Studio 2026 preview now available • Individual developers can register for Microsoft Store for free Mobile • Google ships Android 16 QPR1 with Material 3 Expressive on Pixel devices plus September Pixel Drop • Apple announces iPhone 17 lineup, iPhone Air, AirPods Pro 3, and new Apple Watches • Comparison of OS updating styles between Apple, Google, and Microsoft and their impact on hardware upgrades AI • Microsoft to pay almost $20 billion for third-party AI infrastructure • Microsoft may turn to Anthropic for Office apps • Anthropic settles with book authors, then judge rejects the settlement (Apple faces similar lawsuit) • Google details all Gemini tier offerings • Firefox will use Apple Intelligence on iPhones with iOS 26 Xbox and Games • Lenovo Legion Go 2 coming in October with new Xbox Ally OS in early 2026 • Xbox to announce games at Tokyo Game Show on September 25 • Xbox Cloud Gaming coming to select cars • PlayStation 6 will be modular Tips and Picks • Something to read: iWar by Tim Higgins • Something to watch: New Dave Plumber interview on YouTube • Something to get for free: Microsoft 365 free for US students for one year • Something to plan for: Proton offers emergency access on accounts • RunAs Radio this week: Training for AI with Stephanie Donahue • Brown liquor pick of the week: Boplaas 8 Single Grain Whisky Hosts: Leo Laporte, Paul Thurrott, and Richard Campbell Download or subscribe to Windows Weekly at https://twit.tv/shows/windows-weekly Check out Paul's blog at thurrott.com The Windows Weekly theme music is courtesy of Carl Franklin. Join Club TWiT for Ad-Free Podcasts! Support what you love and get ad-free shows, a members-only Discord, and behind-the-scenes access. Join today: https://twit.tv/clubtwit Sponsors: helixsleep.com/twit bitwarden.com/twit

Windows 11 just dropped one of its biggest updates yet, but new features and relentless AI integrations are making right-click menus bigger—and more confusing—than ever. Is Windows getting better, or just busier? Windows 11 • Patch Tuesday arrives with several new features for all Windows 11 users • A few new features added for Copilot+ PCs • This may be the last cumulative update before 25H2 Windows Insider • New Canary build includes features we've seen before • Copilot+ PCs bring Windows Studio Effects to secondary cameras in Dev and Beta channels Hardware • 40-year Intel veteran now leads PC chips business • Paul's continued criticism of Lunar Lake problems • Lenovo's three IFA concept devices should become shipping products Apps • Atlassian acquires The Browser Company, potentially threatening the Dia browser Microsoft • Microsoft mandates employees return to office three days per week • Microsoft accused of "gross cybersecurity negligence" Dev • Microsoft open sources 6502 BASIC • First Visual Studio 2026 preview now available • Individual developers can register for Microsoft Store for free Mobile • Google ships Android 16 QPR1 with Material 3 Expressive on Pixel devices plus September Pixel Drop • Apple announces iPhone 17 lineup, iPhone Air, AirPods Pro 3, and new Apple Watches • Comparison of OS updating styles between Apple, Google, and Microsoft and their impact on hardware upgrades AI • Microsoft to pay almost $20 billion for third-party AI infrastructure • Microsoft may turn to Anthropic for Office apps • Anthropic settles with book authors, then judge rejects the settlement (Apple faces similar lawsuit) • Google details all Gemini tier offerings • Firefox will use Apple Intelligence on iPhones with iOS 26 Xbox and Games • Lenovo Legion Go 2 coming in October with new Xbox Ally OS in early 2026 • Xbox to announce games at Tokyo Game Show on September 25 • Xbox Cloud Gaming coming to select cars • PlayStation 6 will be modular Tips and Picks • Something to read: iWar by Tim Higgins • Something to watch: New Dave Plumber interview on YouTube • Something to get for free: Microsoft 365 free for US students for one year • Something to plan for: Proton offers emergency access on accounts • RunAs Radio this week: Training for AI with Stephanie Donahue • Brown liquor pick of the week: Boplaas 8 Single Grain Whisky Hosts: Leo Laporte, Paul Thurrott, and Richard Campbell Download or subscribe to Windows Weekly at https://twit.tv/shows/windows-weekly Check out Paul's blog at thurrott.com The Windows Weekly theme music is courtesy of Carl Franklin. Join Club TWiT for Ad-Free Podcasts! Support what you love and get ad-free shows, a members-only Discord, and behind-the-scenes access. Join today: https://twit.tv/clubtwit Sponsors: helixsleep.com/twit bitwarden.com/twit

Windows 11 just dropped one of its biggest updates yet, but new features and relentless AI integrations are making right-click menus bigger—and more confusing—than ever. Is Windows getting better, or just busier? Windows 11 • Patch Tuesday arrives with several new features for all Windows 11 users • A few new features added for Copilot+ PCs • This may be the last cumulative update before 25H2 Windows Insider • New Canary build includes features we've seen before • Copilot+ PCs bring Windows Studio Effects to secondary cameras in Dev and Beta channels Hardware • 40-year Intel veteran now leads PC chips business • Paul's continued criticism of Lunar Lake problems • Lenovo's three IFA concept devices should become shipping products Apps • Atlassian acquires The Browser Company, potentially threatening the Dia browser Microsoft • Microsoft mandates employees return to office three days per week • Microsoft accused of "gross cybersecurity negligence" Dev • Microsoft open sources 6502 BASIC • First Visual Studio 2026 preview now available • Individual developers can register for Microsoft Store for free Mobile • Google ships Android 16 QPR1 with Material 3 Expressive on Pixel devices plus September Pixel Drop • Apple announces iPhone 17 lineup, iPhone Air, AirPods Pro 3, and new Apple Watches • Comparison of OS updating styles between Apple, Google, and Microsoft and their impact on hardware upgrades AI • Microsoft to pay almost $20 billion for third-party AI infrastructure • Microsoft may turn to Anthropic for Office apps • Anthropic settles with book authors, then judge rejects the settlement (Apple faces similar lawsuit) • Google details all Gemini tier offerings • Firefox will use Apple Intelligence on iPhones with iOS 26 Xbox and Games • Lenovo Legion Go 2 coming in October with new Xbox Ally OS in early 2026 • Xbox to announce games at Tokyo Game Show on September 25 • Xbox Cloud Gaming coming to select cars • PlayStation 6 will be modular Tips and Picks • Something to read: iWar by Tim Higgins • Something to watch: New Dave Plumber interview on YouTube • Something to get for free: Microsoft 365 free for US students for one year • Something to plan for: Proton offers emergency access on accounts • RunAs Radio this week: Training for AI with Stephanie Donahue • Brown liquor pick of the week: Boplaas 8 Single Grain Whisky Hosts: Leo Laporte, Paul Thurrott, and Richard Campbell Download or subscribe to Windows Weekly at https://twit.tv/shows/windows-weekly Check out Paul's blog at thurrott.com The Windows Weekly theme music is courtesy of Carl Franklin. Join Club TWiT for Ad-Free Podcasts! Support what you love and get ad-free shows, a members-only Discord, and behind-the-scenes access. Join today: https://twit.tv/clubtwit Sponsors: helixsleep.com/twit bitwarden.com/twit

Windows 11 • Patch Tuesday arrives with several new features for all Windows 11 users • A few new features added for Copilot+ PCs • This may be the last cumulative update before 25H2 Windows Insider • New Canary build includes features we've seen before • Copilot+ PCs bring Windows Studio Effects to secondary cameras in Dev and Beta channels Hardware • 40-year Intel veteran now leads PC chips business • Paul's continued criticism of Lunar Lake problems • Lenovo's three IFA concept devices should become shipping products Apps • Atlassian acquires The Browser Company, potentially threatening the Dia browser Microsoft • Microsoft mandates employees return to office three days per week • Microsoft accused of "gross cybersecurity negligence" Dev • Microsoft open sources 6502 BASIC • First Visual Studio 2026 preview now available • Individual developers can register for Microsoft Store for free Mobile • Google ships Android 16 QPR1 with Material 3 Expressive on Pixel devices plus September Pixel Drop • Apple announces iPhone 17 lineup, iPhone Air, AirPods Pro 3, and new Apple Watches • Comparison of OS updating styles between Apple, Google, and Microsoft and their impact on hardware upgrades AI • Microsoft to pay almost $20 billion for third-party AI infrastructure • Microsoft may turn to Anthropic for Office apps • Anthropic settles with book authors, then judge rejects the settlement (Apple faces similar lawsuit) • Google details all Gemini tier offerings • Firefox will use Apple Intelligence on iPhones with iOS 26 Xbox and Games • Lenovo Legion Go 2 coming in October with new Xbox Ally OS in early 2026 • Xbox to announce games at Tokyo Game Show on September 25 • Xbox Cloud Gaming coming to select cars • PlayStation 6 will be modular Tips and Picks • Something to read: iWar by Tim Higgins • Something to watch: New Dave Plumber interview on YouTube • Something to get for free: Microsoft 365 free for US students for one year • Something to plan for: Proton offers emergency access on accounts • RunAs Radio this week: Training for AI with Stephanie Donahue • Brown liquor pick of the week: Boplaas 8 Single Grain Whisky Hosts: Leo Laporte, Paul Thurrott, and Richard Campbell Download or subscribe to Windows Weekly at https://twit.tv/shows/windows-weekly Check out Paul's blog at thurrott.com The Windows Weekly theme music is courtesy of Carl Franklin. Join Club TWiT for Ad-Free Podcasts! Support what you love and get ad-free shows, a members-only Discord, and behind-the-scenes access. Join today: https://twit.tv/clubtwit Sponsors: helixsleep.com/twit bitwarden.com/twit

Windows 11 just dropped one of its biggest updates yet, but new features and relentless AI integrations are making right-click menus bigger—and more confusing—than ever. Is Windows getting better, or just busier? Windows 11 • Patch Tuesday arrives with several new features for all Windows 11 users • A few new features added for Copilot+ PCs • This may be the last cumulative update before 25H2 Windows Insider • New Canary build includes features we've seen before • Copilot+ PCs bring Windows Studio Effects to secondary cameras in Dev and Beta channels Hardware • 40-year Intel veteran now leads PC chips business • Paul's continued criticism of Lunar Lake problems • Lenovo's three IFA concept devices should become shipping products Apps • Atlassian acquires The Browser Company, potentially threatening the Dia browser Microsoft • Microsoft mandates employees return to office three days per week • Microsoft accused of "gross cybersecurity negligence" Dev • Microsoft open sources 6502 BASIC • First Visual Studio 2026 preview now available • Individual developers can register for Microsoft Store for free Mobile • Google ships Android 16 QPR1 with Material 3 Expressive on Pixel devices plus September Pixel Drop • Apple announces iPhone 17 lineup, iPhone Air, AirPods Pro 3, and new Apple Watches • Comparison of OS updating styles between Apple, Google, and Microsoft and their impact on hardware upgrades AI • Microsoft to pay almost $20 billion for third-party AI infrastructure • Microsoft may turn to Anthropic for Office apps • Anthropic settles with book authors, then judge rejects the settlement (Apple faces similar lawsuit) • Google details all Gemini tier offerings • Firefox will use Apple Intelligence on iPhones with iOS 26 Xbox and Games • Lenovo Legion Go 2 coming in October with new Xbox Ally OS in early 2026 • Xbox to announce games at Tokyo Game Show on September 25 • Xbox Cloud Gaming coming to select cars • PlayStation 6 will be modular Tips and Picks • Something to read: iWar by Tim Higgins • Something to watch: New Dave Plumber interview on YouTube • Something to get for free: Microsoft 365 free for US students for one year • Something to plan for: Proton offers emergency access on accounts • RunAs Radio this week: Training for AI with Stephanie Donahue • Brown liquor pick of the week: Boplaas 8 Single Grain Whisky Hosts: Leo Laporte, Paul Thurrott, and Richard Campbell Download or subscribe to Windows Weekly at https://twit.tv/shows/windows-weekly Check out Paul's blog at thurrott.com The Windows Weekly theme music is courtesy of Carl Franklin. Join Club TWiT for Ad-Free Podcasts! Support what you love and get ad-free shows, a members-only Discord, and behind-the-scenes access. Join today: https://twit.tv/clubtwit Sponsors: helixsleep.com/twit bitwarden.com/twit

Windows 11 just dropped one of its biggest updates yet, but new features and relentless AI integrations are making right-click menus bigger—and more confusing—than ever. Is Windows getting better, or just busier? Windows 11 • Patch Tuesday arrives with several new features for all Windows 11 users • A few new features added for Copilot+ PCs • This may be the last cumulative update before 25H2 Windows Insider • New Canary build includes features we've seen before • Copilot+ PCs bring Windows Studio Effects to secondary cameras in Dev and Beta channels Hardware • 40-year Intel veteran now leads PC chips business • Paul's continued criticism of Lunar Lake problems • Lenovo's three IFA concept devices should become shipping products Apps • Atlassian acquires The Browser Company, potentially threatening the Dia browser Microsoft • Microsoft mandates employees return to office three days per week • Microsoft accused of "gross cybersecurity negligence" Dev • Microsoft open sources 6502 BASIC • First Visual Studio 2026 preview now available • Individual developers can register for Microsoft Store for free Mobile • Google ships Android 16 QPR1 with Material 3 Expressive on Pixel devices plus September Pixel Drop • Apple announces iPhone 17 lineup, iPhone Air, AirPods Pro 3, and new Apple Watches • Comparison of OS updating styles between Apple, Google, and Microsoft and their impact on hardware upgrades AI • Microsoft to pay almost $20 billion for third-party AI infrastructure • Microsoft may turn to Anthropic for Office apps • Anthropic settles with book authors, then judge rejects the settlement (Apple faces similar lawsuit) • Google details all Gemini tier offerings • Firefox will use Apple Intelligence on iPhones with iOS 26 Xbox and Games • Lenovo Legion Go 2 coming in October with new Xbox Ally OS in early 2026 • Xbox to announce games at Tokyo Game Show on September 25 • Xbox Cloud Gaming coming to select cars • PlayStation 6 will be modular Tips and Picks • Something to read: iWar by Tim Higgins • Something to watch: New Dave Plumber interview on YouTube • Something to get for free: Microsoft 365 free for US students for one year • Something to plan for: Proton offers emergency access on accounts • RunAs Radio this week: Training for AI with Stephanie Donahue • Brown liquor pick of the week: Boplaas 8 Single Grain Whisky Hosts: Leo Laporte, Paul Thurrott, and Richard Campbell Download or subscribe to Windows Weekly at https://twit.tv/shows/windows-weekly Check out Paul's blog at thurrott.com The Windows Weekly theme music is courtesy of Carl Franklin. Join Club TWiT for Ad-Free Podcasts! Support what you love and get ad-free shows, a members-only Discord, and behind-the-scenes access. Join today: https://twit.tv/clubtwit Sponsors: helixsleep.com/twit bitwarden.com/twit

The boys are back! With a new format, now 100% more news. This week we talk about Google's court win, Linus and bcachefs, and more. ==== Special Thanks to Our Patrons! ==== https://thelinuxcast.org/patrons/ ===== Follow us

HIFU (high-intensity focused ultrasound) is one of the most talked-about focal therapies in prostate cancer—but who is it really right for? In this conversation, Dr. Matthew Cooperberg (UCSF)—a leading voice in urology, epidemiology, and integrative prostate cancer care—breaks down patient selection vs. energy modality, how modern imaging (MRI, fusion, RSI) drives precision, what genomics (e.g., Decipher) can and can't tell us, and how salvage options compare after focal therapy vs. radiation. We also tackle lifestyle factors, trial design, and why midlife PSA screening (ideally

The boys are back! This time, we talk about what could cause us to leave Linux behind. If such a thing exists. ==== Special Thanks to Our Patrons! ==== https://thelinuxcast.org/patrons/ ===== Follow us

IntroCarnies: the pioneers of enshittificationNew segment? Coping Mechanism: stuff that has inspired, interested or distracted us. This time: Kevin learned the most wholesome and uplifting story in... heavy metal? Raj Against The Machine: Bloodywood. And the follow up: Expect a Riot. And do watch the video for Jee Yeeray.For comfort watching Andrew reccomends Baumgartner restorations34:57The Puppet PitRecent builds: A goblin, two Sonks and almost a rod arm monster.Tariffs, eh?Build streams (sorta) continue, plus new tutorial video! Boning! Expect jokes.All links on https://www.operationpuppet.com. Join the Discord! https://discord.gg/3zPqDcGJAC59:56Pixeltown7 Years of Proton, a literal game changerCommodore is back!Is the tide finally turning for the "AI" bullshit bubble? Never mind, the scammers are already shifting to "quantum"Toxic Avenger remake buys medical debt! Now THAT'S marketingHow about that 3 hour documentary from Gamer's Nexus on the AI GPU black market? Nevermind, it got Bloomberg'd. (side note about youtube essays in general)Hollow Knight: Silksong turns into the indie GTA6Vivaldi (Kevin's browser of choice) takes a stand against adding AI chatbots.Kevin's PS5 saved by No Man's Sky update. Or has it?Did we pay any attention to Gamescom? Kevin: No. Andrew: kindaMusic Credits:Opening Music/Stinger: Funk Babe by emiliomerone. Audiojungle Broadcast License.Pixeltown: kiddpark, Freesound.org (Creative Commons 0 License). Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

video: https://youtu.be/vSfDyg8OxsI Comment on the TWIL Forum (https://thisweekinlinux.com/forum) This week in Linux, we've got a bunch of new releases from the super popular open source office suite LibreOffice to a couple releases from Mozilla and one of the best open source video editors has a new release with Kdenlive. We're also going to take a look back at seven years of Proton as we celebrate the current state of Linux gaming. Plus, CachyOS is currently on the rise as they just took the number one spot on DistroWatch. We'll talk about what that means and what it doesn't. All of this and more on This Week in Linux, the weekly news show that keeps you up to date with what's going on in the Linux and open source world. And we are so close to 100,000 subscribers for the channel. If you haven't subscribed yet, please do. Now, let's jump right into Your Source for Linux GNews. Download as MP3 (https://aphid.fireside.fm/d/1437767933/2389be04-5c79-485e-b1ca-3a5b2cebb006/2a839f6b-6a88-422d-b343-774a9ecd98f5.mp3) Support the Show Become a Patron = tuxdigital.com/membership (https://tuxdigital.com/membership) Store = tuxdigital.com/store (https://tuxdigital.com/store) Chapters: 00:00 Intro 01:06 LibreOffice 25.8 03:45 7 Years of Proton 06:24 CachyOS becomes #1 on DistroWatch 09:34 Sandfly Security, agentless Linux security 12:01 Firefox 142 14:03 Thunderbird 142 17:24 LibreELEC 12.2 18:51 OSMC August 2025 Update 20:49 Kdenlive 25.08 22:49 Humble Bundle Summer Sale 24:06 Arch's AUR Battles DDoS Attacks and Malware 27:08 Outro Links: LibreOffice 25.8 https://blog.documentfoundation.org/blog/2025/08/20/libreoffice-25-8/ https://wiki.documentfoundation.org/ReleaseNotes/25.8 7 Years of Proton https://www.gamingonlinux.com/2025/08/7-years-later-valves-proton-has-been-an-incredible-game-changer-for-linux/ CachyOS becomes #1 on DistroWatch https://distrowatch.com/ https://distrowatch.com/dwres.php?resource=popularity https://cachyos.org/ Sandfly Security, agentless Linux security https://thisweekinlinux.com/sandfly Firefox 142 https://www.firefox.com/en-US/firefox/142.0/releasenotes/ Thunderbird 142 https://blog.thunderbird.net/2025/08/tbpro-august-2025-update/ https://www.thunderbird.net/en-US/thunderbird/142.0/releasenotes/ LibreELEC 12.2 https://libreelec.tv/2025/08/15/libreelec-omega-12-2-0/ OSMC August 2025 Update https://osmc.tv/2025/08/osmcs-august-update-is-here-4/ Kdenlive 25.08 https://kdenlive.org/news/releases/25.08.0/ Humble Bundle Summer Sale https://humblebundleinc.sjv.io/19353m Arch's AUR Battles DDoS Attacks and Malware https://fossforce.com/2025/08/archs-aur-battles-ddos-attacks-and-persistent-malware-all-summer-so-far Support the show https://tuxdigital.com/membership https://store.tuxdigital.com/

Phishing Training Effectiveness: A study of over 19,000 employees showed traditional phishing training has limited impact, improving scam detection by just 1.7% over eight months. Despite varied training methods, over 50% of participants fell for at least one phishing email, highlighting persistent user susceptibility and the need for more effective cybersecurity education strategies.Cybersecurity Risks in Modern Cars: Modern connected vehicles are highly vulnerable to cyberattacks. A researcher exploited flaws in a major carmaker's web portal, gaining “national admin” access to dealership data and demonstrating the ability to remotely unlock cars and track their locations using just a name or VIN. This underscores the urgent need for regular vehicle software updates and stronger manufacturer security measures to prevent data breaches and potential vehicle control by malicious actors.Nation-State Cyberattacks on Infrastructure: Nation-state cyberattacks targeting critical infrastructure are escalating. Russian hackers reportedly took control of a Norwegian hydropower dam, releasing water undetected for hours. While no physical damage occurred, such incidents reveal the potential for widespread disruption and chaos, signaling a more aggressive stance by state-sponsored cyber actors and the need for robust infrastructure defenses.AI Regulation in Mental Health Therapy: States like Illinois, Nevada, and Utah are regulating or banning AI in mental health therapy due to safety and privacy concerns. Unregulated AI chatbots risk harmful interactions with vulnerable users and unintended data exposure. New laws require licensed professional oversight and prohibit marketing AI chatbots as standalone therapy tools to protect users.Impact of Surveillance Laws on Privacy Tech: Proposed surveillance laws, like Switzerland's data retention mandates, are pushing privacy-focused tech firms like Proton to relocate infrastructure. Proton is moving its AI chatbot, Lumo, to Germany and considering Norway for other services to uphold its no-logs policy. This reflects the tension between national security and privacy, driving companies to seek jurisdictions with stronger data protection laws.Data Brokers and Privacy Challenges: Data brokers undermine consumer privacy despite laws like California's Consumer Privacy Act. Over 30 brokers were found hiding data deletion instructions from Google search results using specific code, creating barriers for consumers trying to opt out of data collection. This intentional obfuscation frustrates privacy rights and weakens legislative protections.Android pKVM Security Certification: Android's protected Kernel-based Virtual Machine (pKVM) earned SESIP Level 5 certification, the first software security solution for consumer electronics to achieve this standard. Designed to resist sophisticated attackers, pKVM enables secure handling of sensitive tasks like on-device AI processing, setting a new benchmark for consistent, verifiable security across Android devices.VPN Open-Source Code Significance: VP.NET's decision to open-source its Intel SGX enclave code on GitHub enhances transparency in privacy technology. By allowing public verification, users can confirm the code running on servers matches the open-source version, fostering trust and accountability. This move could set a new standard for the VPN and privacy tech industry, encouraging others to prioritize verifiable privacy claims.

EP 256. Freshly Phished this week...A study with thousands of test subjects showed phishing training has minimal impact on scam detection. The results are surprisingly underwhelming.A hacker exploited a carmaker's web portal to access customer data and unlock vehicles remotely. The breach exposed major vulnerabilities.Russian hackers took control of a Norwegian dam, releasing water undetected for hours. The cyber-attack raises serious concerns and water levels.Illinois banned AI in mental health therapy, joining states regulating chatbots. The move addresses the growing safety concerns of AI and its crazy responses.Proton is relocating infrastructure from Switzerland due to proposed surveillance laws. The privacy-focused firm is taking bold steps and getting closer to the source of rakfisk.Data brokers are evading California's privacy laws by concealing opt-out pages. This tactic blocks consumers from protecting their data.Android's pKVM earned elite SESIP Level 5 security certification for virtual machines. The technology sets a new standard for device security, but what does it mean and what does it do?The UK abandoned its push to force Apple to unlock iCloud backups after privacy disputes. The decision followed intense negotiations with the U.S..VP.NET released its source code for public verification, enhancing trust in privacy tech. A move that sets a new transparency benchmark.​Let's hit the water!Find the full transcript to the podcast here.

Capt Kevin McLaughlin, callsign “Proton” became a Naval Aviator in 1993. He has over 3,700 hours and 900 carrier landings aboard 10 different carriers. During his legendary career, he served as a TOPGUN Instructor, a Washington DC Intern Fellow, the Organization Policy Officer at NORAD, and the Commanding Officer of both TOPGUN and STRIKE assigned to the Naval Strike and Air Warfare Center. His final tour in the Navy was as the Commander of Strike Fighter Wing, Atlantic which is the Navy's largest Type Wing with 15 squadrons, 300-plus FA-18's, and over 7000 people in his charge. “SocialFlight Live!” is a live broadcast dedicated to supporting General Aviation pilots and enthusiasts during these challenging times. Register at SocialFlightLive.com to join the live broadcast every Tuesday evening at 8pm ET (be sure to join early because attendance is limited for the live broadcasts). Aspen Avionics www.aspenavionics.com Avemco Insurance www.avemco.com/socialflight Avidyne www.avidyne.com Continental Aerospace Technologies www.continental.aero EarthX Batteries www.earthxbatteries.com Hartzell Engine Technologies https://hartzell.aero Hartzell Propeller www.hartzellprop.com Lightspeed Aviation www.lightspeedaviation.com Michelin Aircraft https://aircraft.michelin.com/ Phillips 66 Lubricants https://phillips66lubricants.com/industries/aviation/ Tempest Aero www.tempestaero.com Titan Aircraft www.titanaircraft.com Trio Avionics www.trioavionics.com uAvionix www.uavionix.com Wipaire www.wipaire.com

Christopher Burgess talks about “Digital Escorts” and how it's not a good idea, He served over 30 years in the CIA, entrusted with some of the nation's most sensitive missions and awarded the Distinguished Career Intelligence Medal. Later, as Senior Security Advisor to Cisco, he helped shape global security strategy at scale. He's led startups, built insider teams, and advised enterprises on navigating risk, resilience, and reality. Does anybody know what time it is? Chrome browser not working on my MAC, Why does AT&T says it's them not you? Proton email just works!

The boys are back, this time joined by @TheLinuxEXP to talk about Linux Experiment. ==== Special Thanks to Our Patrons! ==== https://thelinuxcast.org/patrons/ ===== Follow us

This week we talk about Proton's new 2fa app, a new kernel that has been released and of course your feedback. -- During The Show -- 00:54 Intro Kids carry plague 02:15 Networking - Fred OpenWRT on Ubiquity Gear If it's not local, You don't own it OpenWrt One (https://openwrt.org/toh/openwrt/one?s[]=openwrt) 05:53 Video Calls - Mike Nextcloud Home Assistant Voice Preview (https://www.home-assistant.io/voice-pe/) Sip Trip Phone (https://apps.nextcloud.com/apps/sip_trip_phone) 12:29 Networking - Charlie UniFi Blog Post (https://blog.ui.com/article/introducing-unifi-os-server) How Noah thinks it through Steve's approach Closed source is a place holder This is a good thing 17:45 Continuing Cisco Conversation - Michael Podcast (https://pca.st/episode/82676b1b-49b5-4155-b462-8b9d81ff6197) Juniper JCNIA Repo (https://github.com/rikosintie/JNCIA) Juniper DevOps Repo (https://github.com/rikosintie/Juniper-DevOps) DevNet Associate Certification (https://github.com/rikosintie/DevNetAssoc) CookBooks (https://github.com/rikosintie/CookBook) Cisco EEM (https://github.com/rikosintie/Cisco-EEM) 20:15 News Wire Shotbut 245.07 - shotcut.org (https://shotcut.org/blog/new-release-250726) Linux 6.16 - kernelnewbies.org (https://kernelnewbies.org/Linux_6.16) GNU Linux-Libre 6.16 - lwn.net (https://lwn.net/Articles/1031540) Fractal 5 Pro - hackaday.com (https://hackaday.com/2025/08/04/open-source-5-axis-printer-has-its-own-slicer) Sonatype's Findings - sonatype.com (https://www.sonatype.com/blog/sonatype-uncovers-global-espionage-campaign-in-open-source-ecosystems) Plague Backdoor - thehackernews.com (https://thehackernews.com/2025/08/new-plague-pam-backdoor-exposes.html) UNC2891 Bank Heist - group-ib.com (https://www.group-ib.com/blog/unc2891-bank-heist) Auto-Color Backdoor - thehackernews.com (https://thehackernews.com/2025/07/hackers-exploit-sap-vulnerability-to.html) Recent Fedora Outage - fedoraproject.org (https://discussion.fedoraproject.org/t/for-your-information-ddos-affecting-most-of-the-fedoraproject-org-services/161568/4) Open AI Models - openai.com (https://openai.com/index/introducing-gpt-oss) Meta Won't Open Source "superintelligence" AI Models - techcrunch (https://techcrunch.com/2025/07/30/zuckerberg-says-meta-likely-wont-open-source-all-of-its-superintelligence-ai-models) pcmag.com (https://www.pcmag.com/news/zuckerberg-walks-back-open-source-ai-pledge-citing-safety-risk) Cogito v2 - artificialintelligence-news.com (https://www.artificialintelligence-news.com/news/deep-cogito-v2-open-source-ai-hones-its-reasoning-skills) Agntcy Framework - forbes.com (https://www.forbes.com/sites/moorinsights/2025/07/29/the-agntcy-framework-for-agentic-ai-moves-to-the-linux-foundation) 22:29 Steve and Self Hosted AI Started with AI to learn Asked AI to make show notes Using AI to look for past gift recommendations Download script Beautiful Soup (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beautiful_Soup_(HTML_parser)) Notebook LM Whisper UI/Fast Whisper Ethical AI issues AI makes people lazy Making content "for AI" 44:15 Linux Kernel 6.16 BTRFS Bug LUP 626 (https://linuxunplugged.com/626) Intel Trusted Domain Extensions 9 to 5 Linux (https://9to5linux.com/linux-kernel-6-16-officially-released-this-is-whats-new) 46:46 Proton Authenticator App linuxiac.com (https://linuxiac.com/proton-launches-free-open-source-authenticator-app/) Proton Authenticator App is open source Encrypted sync No Ads or Tracking Direct import/export Push notifications Ente Auth (https://ente.io/auth/) -- The Extra Credit Section -- For links to the articles and material referenced in this week's episode check out this week's page from our podcast dashboard! This Episode's Podcast Dashboard (http://podcast.asknoahshow.com/454) Phone Systems for Ask Noah provided by Voxtelesys (http://www.voxtelesys.com/asknoah) Join us in our dedicated chatroom #GeekLab:linuxdelta.com on Matrix (https://element.linuxdelta.com/#/room/#geeklab:linuxdelta.com) -- Stay In Touch -- Find all the resources for this show on the Ask Noah Dashboard Ask Noah Dashboard (http://www.asknoahshow.com) Need more help than a radio show can offer? Altispeed provides commercial IT services and they're excited to offer you a great deal for listening to the Ask Noah Show. Call today and ask about the discount for listeners of the Ask Noah Show! Altispeed Technologies (http://www.altispeed.com/) Contact Noah live [at] asknoahshow.com -- Twitter -- Noah - Kernellinux (https://twitter.com/kernellinux) Ask Noah Show (https://twitter.com/asknoahshow) Altispeed Technologies (https://twitter.com/altispeed)

The dog days of summer are upon us, but that doesn't stop Jason Howell, Mishaal Rahman and Ron Richards from talking about the latest legal drama and phone release rumors, plus a good does of AI ethical conundrums.Note: Time codes subject to change depending on dynamic ad insertion by the distributor00:04:12 - NEWSA major advancement in Epic Games legal victory over GoogleMachine Learning used to estimate user's ages? Of course Google is doing that....Samsung's use of the three button navigation in Android is under the microscopePatron Pick: Speaking of Age Verification, the EU is going the down the app route00:25:20 - HARDWAREBig reveals from Samsung as to what's coming from the tri-fold phone to the Android XR headsetCould much of Google's Pixel 10 launch devices not be shipping until October?Bringing back repairability, the Fairphone 6 raises the bar00:46:11 - APPSSome impressive changes are coming to Chrome on AndroidNeed a 2FA Authenticator app? Proton has you covered with this new FREE appGemini can now generate 10 page storybooks for you01:00:21 - FEEDBACKJames, Oxfordshire, UK chimes in on the PIxel A series battery discussionKiril remembers the Game FramePeter loves his TCL NXTPAPER 14 tablet Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

Thierry Weber revient sur une décision lourde de conséquences prise par l'entreprise technologique Proton, et sur ce qu'elle dit de l'environnement numérique helvétique. Une chronique qui soulève des questions essentielles sur l'innovation, la souveraineté et l'avenir des champions technologiques locaux.

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In this episode, I discuss the challenges facing privacy-focused payment solutions like Privacy.com, exploring alternatives and the troubling rise of KYC requirements across the industry. I dive deep into the Switzerland privacy crisis that's forcing Proton to consider relocating their infrastructure, and what this means for encrypted email providers globally. I also cover the catastrophic security failure at Tea, a women's safety app that exposed 72,000 images including government IDs through basic incompetence, leading to harassment campaigns on 4chan.I wrap up with thoughts on vehicle tracking through DCM/Telematics modules, why buying older vehicles might be the better privacy-conscious choice, and how embracing the stoic lifestyle aligns with both privacy and my own philosophical principles.In this week's episode:Privacy.com troubles: Account freezes, limited alternatives, and the KYC nightmareSwitzerland's surveillance crisis: Why Proton is threatening to leave and relocating to Germany/NorwayEmail provider comparison: Proton vs Tutanota vs Atomic Mail, and understanding intelligence alliancesTea app breach: How 72,000 IDs and 1.1 million private messages ended up on 4chanVehicle tracking: DCM modules, telematics, and why your car is spying on youPhilosophy of privacy: Stoicism, minimalism, and why less is moreMatrix Community RoomsMatrix Community Space - https://matrix.to/#/#psysecure:matrix.orgIndividual Room Links:https://matrix.to/#/#lockdown-general:matrix.orghttps://matrix.to/#/#lockdown-podcast:matrix.orghttps://matrix.to/#/#lockdown-intro:matrix.orgShow Links:Privacy.com - https://privacy.comCloaked.com - https://cloaked.comProton Warrant Canary - https://protonvpn.com/blog/transparency-report/Climate Activist Arrest - https://proton.me/blog/climate-activist-arrest and https://www.wired.com/story/protonmail-amends-policy-after-giving-up-activists-data/Tuta Crypt - https://tuta.com/documents/tuta-crypt-spec.pdfProton elliptic curve cryptography - https://proton.me/blog/elliptic-curve-cryptographySimpleLogin - https://simplelogin.ioHashiCorp Vault - https://www.vaultproject.ioRAM IS SPYING ON YOU (Cozy Living Machine) - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0-Y1SUSRqNUMeditations by Marcus Aurelius - https://www.amazon.com/Meditations-New-Translation-Modern-Library-ebook/dp/B000FC1JAI“Very little is needed to make a happy life; it is all within yourself, in your way of thinking.”- Marcus Aurelius ★ Support this podcast on Patreon ★

The boys are back! This time we bring the man himself, @DistroTube to talk about AI in the browser. ==== Special Thanks to Our Patrons! ==== https://thelinuxcast.org/patrons/ ===== Follow us

Ten odcinek to intensywny przegląd nowości technologicznych, ze szczególnym naciskiem na sztuczną inteligencję. Prowadzący omawiają m.in. nową przeglądarkę AI Comet od Perplexity, asystenta Lumo od Proton, nowe funkcje w ChatGPT i Google NotebookLM, a także przerażające historie o halucynacjach AI … Czytaj dalej → The post 543: iPhone 17 Pro z 8x zoomem optycznym first appeared on Retro Rocket Network.

Mon Carnet, le podcast de Bruno Guglielminetti Le grand magazine francophone de l'actualité numérique Vendredi 1er août 2025 Débrief transatlantique avec Jérôme Colombain (3:32) Entrevues : Pour une IA plus sûre : Philippe Beaudoin de LoiZero (27:46) Marché des agents IA d'AWS : Retour d'experience de Coveo (45:52) IA souveraine : Bell s'allie à Cohere (1:00:36) Jeu vidéo avec Carl-Edwin Michel : Martin Brouard (Studio Imugi) présente Bonaparte (1:12:02) Billets : Weber : La déception de Proton (1:19:55) Ricoul : Technologies portables (1:25:27) Entrevue : Poulin : Une nouvelle formation UX à l'ÉTS (1:34:27) Musique : Bruno Guglielminetti Collaborateurs : Jérôme Colombain, Carl-Edwin Michel, Thierry Weber, Stéphane Ricoul, Jean-François Poulin www.MonCarnet.com Une production de Guglielminetti.com Août 2025

Timestamps: 0:00 The Prime Googler 0:07 YouTube ad-friendly guidelines update 2:10 Age-checks are rolling out everywhere 3:59 IGN Gaming Trends report 6:09 Proton! 7:06 QUICK BITS INTRO 7:15 Threadripper 9980X, 9970X reviews 7:40 Micron 9650, first PCIe 6.0 SSD 8:12 Photoshop Harmonize, ChatGPT Study Mode 8:49 Peacock feathers can emit laser beams! 9:18 Microsoft Smurface Laptop NEWS SOURCES: https://lmg.gg/3rfnc Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Au programme :OpenAI, Perplexity et même Proton : ils profitent de l'été pour continuer à lancer toujours plus de solutions par intelligence artificielleVibe coding et no code : des possibilités toujours plus grandes de faire du développer sans saisir de ligne de code… pour toujours plus de risques ?Réflexion de l'été : les smartphones sont-ils de parasites ?Infos :Animé par Guillaume Vendé (Bluesky, Mastodon, Threads, Instagram, TikTok, YouTube, techcafe.fr)Co-animé par Benoît Curdy (X, Niptech)Co-animé par Baptiste Freydt (X, Niptech)Produit par Patrick Beja (LinkedIn) et Fanny Cohen Moreau (LinkedIn).Musique libre de droit par Daniel BejaLe Rendez-vous Tech épisode 627 – Les agents IA ne prennent pas de vacances---Liens :

In this episode of CAREER-VIEW MIRROR, we're celebrating the career to date of Paul Ripley.Paul Ripley is one of the UK's most experienced and decorated advanced driving coaches, with a 45-year career dedicated to helping people drive more skilfully, more safely—and with more enjoyment. Nicknamed “God's Chauffeur” by The Daily Telegraph, Paul has worked with top global manufacturers including Mercedes-Benz, BMW, Porsche, and Rolls-Royce, and has appeared as the “Driving Doctor” on Channel 4's Driven.His story began in Leeds, where he left school at 15 to pursue a career in music. He played professionally as a drummer, performed at iconic venues like the Royal Albert Hall, and went on to build and sell a successful amplifier business—funding the Ferrari that sparked his next career chapter.In our conversation, we talk about Paul's journey from working-class roots and musical ambition to becoming a trusted advisor on road safety, a weekly columnist for The Telegraph, and a globally respected coach of high-performance drivers. He shares his philosophy of mindset over mechanics, and why emotional stability, self-reflection, and attitude matter more than raw speed behind the wheel.Paul's story is one of ownership, mastery, and making a meaningful impact—not just in driving, but in how we approach performance in life.Connect with PaulLinkedInEmail: info@paulripley.coWebsiteIndustry accreditations:DVSA ADI, DIA Diploma Di, RoSPA ADA Gold, MDG Gold Level, RoSPA ADA Teaching Diploma, C&G 730 Diploma, Diamond Advanced Test, High Performance Course, MDG Diploma, IAM, Mercedes-Benz Performance Driving Masters (Melsheim),DVSA Grade One Advanced Cardington Test, MDG Masters (Human Factors), Royal Carmen of London, Diploma (Royal Logistics Corps), Performance Coaching Diploma (SJW). Awards:HRH Prince Michael Special Road Safety AwardBRAKE - Best Driver Safety Innovation Award 2018BRAKE - Best Fleet Driver Safety Product 2019Business Car Techies Award 2018WebFleet Best Product Innovation Partner 2019Author of the Acclaimed Book ‘Expert Driving' Paul provides ExpertConsultancy Services for:UK Dept of Transport, DVSA, RoSPA, UK Police Forces, IMS, BP Chemicals, Cosworth, Daily Telegraph, EVO Magazine,Auto Express / Autovia, Ricardo,  Mercedes-Benz, Lotus Engineering, RoadSafe, Volvo UK, BMW, Porsche, Audi, AMG, Hyundai South Korea, Rolls-Royce, Bentley, Chevrolet, VW, Nissan, Pirelli, Caterham, Toyota, Prodrive, Proton, Caterham, BCAA Canada, FTA, Bridgestone Tyres, AA Magazine, Shell, Webfleet, The Driving Doctor, Dunlop Suspension, Roll Royce Engineering, Mascotech, TWR Engineering, Mitsubishi etc/. About AndyI'm a business leader, coach, and the creator of the Fulfilling Performance framework—designed to help people bring more of themselves to what they do and experience greater fulfilment and performance as a result.Learn more about Fulfilling PerformanceCheck out Release the Handbrake! The Fulfilling PerformanceConnect with AndyLinkedIn: Andy FollowsEmail: cvm@aquilae.co.ukJoin a peer mentoring team: Aquilae AcademyThank you to our sponsors:ASKE ConsultingEmail: hello@askeconsulting.co.ukAquilaeEmail: cvm@aquilae.co.ukEpisode recorded on 4 July, 2025.

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OpenAI has released a new economic analysis showcasing the extensive impact of its AI tools, particularly ChatGPT, on productivity across various sectors. The report reveals that over half a billion people globally utilize OpenAI's AI tools, with a significant portion of users in the U.S. reporting that they use ChatGPT for work. However, a survey indicates that many employees feel pressured to adopt AI tools despite lacking confidence in their usage, raising concerns about the actual productivity gains versus the pressure to conform to employer expectations.In the realm of enterprise technology, Kindrel has introduced the Kindrel Agentic AI framework, aimed at facilitating the deployment of AI in secure environments. This initiative comes in response to the growing adoption of generative AI technologies. Kindrel's framework is designed to enhance operational efficiency and address critical issues such as bias and security, particularly in sectors like banking and government. This move highlights the importance of delivering tangible outcomes rather than merely promoting the hype surrounding AI.Dedicated servers are experiencing a resurgence as organizations seek to meet performance and compliance requirements. A recent survey indicates that a significant majority of IT professionals are utilizing dedicated servers, particularly in sectors like government and finance. This trend reflects a strategic shift towards hybrid infrastructure, where businesses are increasingly recognizing the value of dedicated resources for specific workloads, rather than relying solely on public cloud solutions.Proton has launched a privacy-focused AI chatbot named Lumo, which emphasizes user privacy by storing data locally and employing zero-access encryption. This initiative contrasts with offerings from larger tech companies that often exploit user data. Additionally, Kaseya has introduced an AI-powered workflow generator to enhance automation for managed service providers, while Malwarebytes has integrated a new email security module to combat sophisticated email threats. These developments underscore the growing importance of automation and privacy in the tech landscape, providing opportunities for service providers to differentiate themselves in a competitive market. Three things to know today 00:00 OpenAI's scale, worker pressure to adopt AI, vendor risk blind spots05:43 Liquid Web reports rising dedicated server spend—MSPs must guide smart workload placement, not a full retreat from cloud08:22 Kaseya, Malwarebytes, StorX, NinjaOne, and Inforcer all launch moves to help MSPs automate, secure, and scale13:06 AppleCare One is a masterclass in “sticky” support—can your plans deliver the same seamless value?  This is the Business of Tech.    Supported by:  https://cometbackup.com/?utm_source=mspradio&utm_medium=podcast&utm_campaign=sponsorship   Tell us about a newsletter!https://bit.ly/biztechnewsletter All our Sponsors: https://businessof.tech/sponsors/ Do you want the show on your podcast app or the written versions of the stories? Subscribe to the Business of Tech: https://www.businessof.tech/subscribe/Looking for a link from the stories? The entire script of the show, with links to articles, are posted in each story on https://www.businessof.tech/ Support the show on Patreon: https://patreon.com/mspradio/ Want to be a guest on Business of Tech: Daily 10-Minute IT Services Insights? Send Dave Sobel a message on PodMatch, here: https://www.podmatch.com/hostdetailpreview/businessoftech Want our stuff? Cool Merch? Wear “Why Do We Care?” - Visit https://mspradio.myspreadshop.com Follow us on:LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/company/28908079/YouTube: https://youtube.com/mspradio/Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/mspradionews/Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/mspradio/TikTok: https://www.tiktok.com/@businessoftechBluesky: https://bsky.app/profile/businessof.tech

Matt and Drew debate the best Window Managers of all time. ==== Special Thanks to Our Patrons! ==== https://thelinuxcast.org/patrons/ ===== Follow us

Ep 263Anker Recalls Six More Power BanksAtomic macOS Stealer malware is now more dangerousApple acquires two firms to improve Apple Intelligence, Apple Vision ProApple files lawsuit accusing former employee of stealing Vision Pro trade secretsSwiss privacy tech firm Proton sues Apple in U.S. over App Store rulesIn major reversal, Apple explores using Anthropic or OpenAI to power Siri AIApple will not launch these new iOS 26 features in European Union due to over-regulationApple now permits cellular phone calls and carrier-based SMS/MMS/RCS messages in third-party apps, but only in EuropeiOS 26 Liquid Glass Design Drama: Beta 2 vs. Beta 3 Changes in Every AppApple could wirelessly update sealed Macs with macOS TahoeJeff Williams steps down as Apple COOiBoff RCC: Storage Expansion Module for M4 Mac Mini ( 250GB - 2TB )UGRADNJA(1) https://support.apple.com/en-my/120995(2) https://support.apple.com/en-my/121140(3) https://support.apple.com/en-my/121000(4) https://support.apple.com/en-my/121003DFU Restore (revive ne radi)(1) https://support.apple.com/en-us/120694(2) https://support.apple.com/en-us/1089009to5Mac: How to UPGRADE the M4 Mac mini SSD and save hundreds!Frame of preferenceToday in Apple history: Steve Jobs visits the Soviet UnionZahvalniceSnimano 12.7.2025.Uvodna muzika by Vladimir Tošić, stari sajt je ovde.Logotip by Aleksandra Ilić.Artwork epizode by Saša Montiljo, njegov kutak na Devianartu

video: https://youtu.be/C1Z_e2W2i8g In this episode of Destination Linux, we discuss the Fairphone 6's modular design for sustainability and its role in addressing e-waste. We engage with listener feedback, notably Frank's story about essential tremors, highlighting the importance of tech accessibility. Our conversation also covers Wayback, a Wayland compositor enhancing compatibility with X11, and the impact of Valve's Proton integration on Linux gaming. We celebrate Linux reaching a 5% desktop market share and introduce IP Lookup, a useful tool for IP information. All this and much more! Forum Discussion Thread (https://destinationlinux.net/forum) Download as MP3 (https://aphid.fireside.fm/d/1437767933/32f28071-0b08-4ea1-afcc-37af75bd83d6/e3d848a4-96c6-4ba9-b485-dace24f7e34f.mp3) Support the show by becoming a patron at tuxdigital.com/membership (https://tuxdigital.com/membership) or get some swag at tuxdigital.com/store (https://tuxdigital.com/store) Hosted by: Ryan (DasGeek) = dasgeek.net (https://dasgeek.net) Jill Bryant = jilllinuxgirl.com (https://jilllinuxgirl.com) Michael Tunnell = michaeltunnell.com (https://michaeltunnell.com) Chapters: 00:00 Intro 02:05 Community Feedback 15:38 Sandfly Security, agentless Linux security [ad] 18:15 Fedora Keeping 32-bit Libraries 19:12 Wayback: Run Classic X Desktops on Wayland 25:53 Fairphone 6 Launches: Modular, Private, and Built to Last 34:12 GrapheneOS vs. Fairphone 37:25 Proton for All: Steam Flips the Switch! 38:43 Linux Desktop Hits 5%: from Niche to Noticed 47:10 IP LookUp: Hacker Vibes in a Clean GUI 48:27 Support the Show 54:36 Outro 57:50 Post Show Links: Community Feedback https://destinationlinux.net/comments (https://destinationlinux.net/comments) https://destinationlinux.net/forum (https://destinationlinux.net/forum) Sandfly Security, agentless Linux security [ad] https://destinationlinux.net/sandfly (https://destinationlinux.net/sandfly) Fedora Keeping 32-bit Libraries https://discussion.fedoraproject.org/t/f44-change-proposal-drop-i686-support-system-wide/156324/404 (https://discussion.fedoraproject.org/t/f44-change-proposal-drop-i686-support-system-wide/156324/404) Wayback: Run Classic X Desktops on Wayland https://github.com/kaniini/wayback (https://github.com/kaniini/wayback) https://www.osnews.com/story/142664/wayback-experimental-layer-to-run-x-desktop-environments-on-wayland/ (https://www.osnews.com/story/142664/wayback-experimental-layer-to-run-x-desktop-environments-on-wayland/) Fairphone 6 Launches: Modular, Private, and Built to Last https://shop.fairphone.com/the-fairphone-gen-6 (https://shop.fairphone.com/the-fairphone-gen-6) Proton for All: Steam Flips the Switch! https://www.gamingonlinux.com/2025/06/steam-update-brings-accessibility-settings-and-proton-enabled-by-default-to-make-linux-gaming-simpler/ (https://www.gamingonlinux.com/2025/06/steam-update-brings-accessibility-settings-and-proton-enabled-by-default-to-make-linux-gaming-simpler/) Linux Desktop Hits 5%: from Niche to Noticed https://gs.statcounter.com/os-market-share/desktop/united-states-of-america (https://gs.statcounter.com/os-market-share/desktop/united-states-of-america) https://www.reddit.com/r/linux/comments/1lpepvq/linuxbreaksthrough5shareinusadesktopos/ (https://www.reddit.com/r/linux/comments/1lpepvq/linux_breaks_through_5_share_in_usa_desktop_os/) https://ostechnix.com/linux-reaches-5-desktop-market-share-in-usa/ (https://ostechnix.com/linux-reaches-5-desktop-market-share-in-usa/) IP LookUp: Hacker Vibes in a Clean GUI https://flathub.org/apps/io.github.bytezz.IPLookup (https://flathub.org/apps/io.github.bytezz.IPLookup) Support the Show https://tuxdigital.com/membership (https://tuxdigital.com/membership) https://store.tuxdigital.com/ (https://store.tuxdigital.com/)

Microsoft's latest round of layoffs hits Xbox Gaming hard as the company cuts approximately 9,000 jobs despite record profits. This week, Paul Thurrott and Richard Campbell discuss the impact of these layoffs, Windows 11's new version naming, Microsoft Copilot coming to Mac, and dive deep into passkey security. LAYOFFS As expected, Microsoft began a massive round of layoffs across Xbox/Microsoft Gaming on Wednesday. The fiscal year started on Tuesday. These were originally going to happen a week or two earlier. 9,000 employees impacted across Microsoft - about 4 percent of workforce, Xbox/MSGaming was NOT hit hardest, Microsoft now says (on top of 6,000 in May). 10 percent of King being laid off. Carefully worded email from Phil Spencer requires some parsing. It's Finally Official: 25H2 Is Next! Microsoft finally admits that the Dev channel is testing Windows 11 version 25H2, which will arrive, as expected, around October This news came as part of another set of commingled Dev and Beta channel builds. 25H2 will be delivered as an enablement package, so it's a minor release technically. Dev and Beta are linked because 25H2 and 24H2 are linked: Each will get the same features, as started with 22H2/23H2 in late 2023. Windows 11 Last week was Week D, but we didn't get preview updates per usual before WW That finally happened last Thursday - new preview updates for 24H2 and 23H2/22H2 24H2: Click to Do improvements, start of PC migration in Windows Backup, small icons in Taskbar, more. Windows Insider Preview: Those Dev/Beta builds noted above have the first implementation of third-party passkey. Microsoft Edge 138 is a pretty big update, with AI-enhanced history search and Copilot integration into the search box and new tab page. AI Microsoft 365 Copilot is available on the Mac. Apple may cave and adopt Anthropic Claude and/or OpenAI ChatGPT for Apple Intelligence. After Coda's acquisition and $1 billion in funding, Grammarly acquires Superhuman to build an "AI-native" productivity suite that will take on Big Tech (Microsoft, Google) and Little Tech (Notion, Proton) alike. Xbox and Gaming Xbox 360 dashboard is getting its first update in years. Halo Studios teases an October tease of the next Halo from the studio. New Game Pass titles for the first half of July - plus, COD: WWII turns up in Game Pass for the first time. Cursor sort of comes to the web and mobile - like Adobe Firefly on mobile, but for devs when "the mood strikes". Tips and Picks Tip/App picks of the week: Cure Mac envy. The Mac is about to get even prettier. But Windows 11 can rise to this challenge. The PC matters: Paul recommends Surface Laptop 7 as a MacBook Air alternative. Software? It's all free. Full screen apps: Hide the Taskbar and touchpad gestures - also, use DS Clock if you need to see the time. Transparent system menu? You can make the Taskbar transparent too. Want Spotlight? No problem, we have Command Palette (an updated, more extensible PowerToys Run) in PowerToys. Bonus app pick: Inoreader for RSS feeds (and read later if you want). RunAs Radio This Week: More Azure Innovations with Mark Russinovich Brown Liquor Pick of the Week: Alberta Distillers 23 Year Old Rare Batch No. 1 These show notes have been truncated due to length. For the full show notes, visit https://twit.tv/shows/windows-weekly/episodes/939 Hosts: Leo Laporte, Paul Thurrott, and Richard Campbell Sponsor: uscloud.com

Microsoft's latest round of layoffs hits Xbox Gaming hard as the company cuts approximately 9,000 jobs despite record profits. This week, Paul Thurrott and Richard Campbell discuss the impact of these layoffs, Windows 11's new version naming, Microsoft Copilot coming to Mac, and dive deep into passkey security. LAYOFFS As expected, Microsoft began a massive round of layoffs across Xbox/Microsoft Gaming on Wednesday. The fiscal year started on Tuesday. These were originally going to happen a week or two earlier. 9,000 employees impacted across Microsoft - about 4 percent of workforce, Xbox/MSGaming was NOT hit hardest, Microsoft now says (on top of 6,000 in May). 10 percent of King being laid off. Carefully worded email from Phil Spencer requires some parsing. It's Finally Official: 25H2 Is Next! Microsoft finally admits that the Dev channel is testing Windows 11 version 25H2, which will arrive, as expected, around October This news came as part of another set of commingled Dev and Beta channel builds. 25H2 will be delivered as an enablement package, so it's a minor release technically. Dev and Beta are linked because 25H2 and 24H2 are linked: Each will get the same features, as started with 22H2/23H2 in late 2023. Windows 11 Last week was Week D, but we didn't get preview updates per usual before WW That finally happened last Thursday - new preview updates for 24H2 and 23H2/22H2 24H2: Click to Do improvements, start of PC migration in Windows Backup, small icons in Taskbar, more. Windows Insider Preview: Those Dev/Beta builds noted above have the first implementation of third-party passkey. Microsoft Edge 138 is a pretty big update, with AI-enhanced history search and Copilot integration into the search box and new tab page. AI Microsoft 365 Copilot is available on the Mac. Apple may cave and adopt Anthropic Claude and/or OpenAI ChatGPT for Apple Intelligence. After Coda's acquisition and $1 billion in funding, Grammarly acquires Superhuman to build an "AI-native" productivity suite that will take on Big Tech (Microsoft, Google) and Little Tech (Notion, Proton) alike. Xbox and Gaming Xbox 360 dashboard is getting its first update in years. Halo Studios teases an October tease of the next Halo from the studio. New Game Pass titles for the first half of July - plus, COD: WWII turns up in Game Pass for the first time. Cursor sort of comes to the web and mobile - like Adobe Firefly on mobile, but for devs when "the mood strikes". Tips and Picks Tip/App picks of the week: Cure Mac envy. The Mac is about to get even prettier. But Windows 11 can rise to this challenge. The PC matters: Paul recommends Surface Laptop 7 as a MacBook Air alternative. Software? It's all free. Full screen apps: Hide the Taskbar and touchpad gestures - also, use DS Clock if you need to see the time. Transparent system menu? You can make the Taskbar transparent too. Want Spotlight? No problem, we have Command Palette (an updated, more extensible PowerToys Run) in PowerToys. Bonus app pick: Inoreader for RSS feeds (and read later if you want). RunAs Radio This Week: More Azure Innovations with Mark Russinovich Brown Liquor Pick of the Week: Alberta Distillers 23 Year Old Rare Batch No. 1 These show notes have been truncated due to length. For the full show notes, visit https://twit.tv/shows/windows-weekly/episodes/939 Hosts: Leo Laporte, Paul Thurrott, and Richard Campbell Sponsor: uscloud.com

Microsoft's latest round of layoffs hits Xbox Gaming hard as the company cuts approximately 9,000 jobs despite record profits. This week, Paul Thurrott and Richard Campbell discuss the impact of these layoffs, Windows 11's new version naming, Microsoft Copilot coming to Mac, and dive deep into passkey security. LAYOFFS As expected, Microsoft began a massive round of layoffs across Xbox/Microsoft Gaming on Wednesday. The fiscal year started on Tuesday. These were originally going to happen a week or two earlier. 9,000 employees impacted across Microsoft - about 4 percent of workforce, Xbox/MSGaming was NOT hit hardest, Microsoft now says (on top of 6,000 in May). 10 percent of King being laid off. Carefully worded email from Phil Spencer requires some parsing. It's Finally Official: 25H2 Is Next! Microsoft finally admits that the Dev channel is testing Windows 11 version 25H2, which will arrive, as expected, around October This news came as part of another set of commingled Dev and Beta channel builds. 25H2 will be delivered as an enablement package, so it's a minor release technically. Dev and Beta are linked because 25H2 and 24H2 are linked: Each will get the same features, as started with 22H2/23H2 in late 2023. Windows 11 Last week was Week D, but we didn't get preview updates per usual before WW That finally happened last Thursday - new preview updates for 24H2 and 23H2/22H2 24H2: Click to Do improvements, start of PC migration in Windows Backup, small icons in Taskbar, more. Windows Insider Preview: Those Dev/Beta builds noted above have the first implementation of third-party passkey. Microsoft Edge 138 is a pretty big update, with AI-enhanced history search and Copilot integration into the search box and new tab page. AI Microsoft 365 Copilot is available on the Mac. Apple may cave and adopt Anthropic Claude and/or OpenAI ChatGPT for Apple Intelligence. After Coda's acquisition and $1 billion in funding, Grammarly acquires Superhuman to build an "AI-native" productivity suite that will take on Big Tech (Microsoft, Google) and Little Tech (Notion, Proton) alike. Xbox and Gaming Xbox 360 dashboard is getting its first update in years. Halo Studios teases an October tease of the next Halo from the studio. New Game Pass titles for the first half of July - plus, COD: WWII turns up in Game Pass for the first time. Cursor sort of comes to the web and mobile - like Adobe Firefly on mobile, but for devs when "the mood strikes". Tips and Picks Tip/App picks of the week: Cure Mac envy. The Mac is about to get even prettier. But Windows 11 can rise to this challenge. The PC matters: Paul recommends Surface Laptop 7 as a MacBook Air alternative. Software? It's all free. Full screen apps: Hide the Taskbar and touchpad gestures - also, use DS Clock if you need to see the time. Transparent system menu? You can make the Taskbar transparent too. Want Spotlight? No problem, we have Command Palette (an updated, more extensible PowerToys Run) in PowerToys. Bonus app pick: Inoreader for RSS feeds (and read later if you want). RunAs Radio This Week: More Azure Innovations with Mark Russinovich Brown Liquor Pick of the Week: Alberta Distillers 23 Year Old Rare Batch No. 1 These show notes have been truncated due to length. For the full show notes, visit https://twit.tv/shows/windows-weekly/episodes/939 Hosts: Leo Laporte, Paul Thurrott, and Richard Campbell Sponsor: uscloud.com

Linux gaming goes from strength to strength but puts off the inevitable death of 32-bit x86, devs are sick of companies expecting free fixes, Creative Commons disappoints on AI, and more.   News Steam Beta finally enables Proton on Linux fully, making Linux gaming simpler Games run faster on SteamOS than Windows 11, Ars testing... Read More