Podcasts about Lord Kitchener

Soca Chronicles explores Trinidad Carnival's judging controversy, Machel Montano's historic Road March win, and Sharnz' dramatic Mardi Gras adventure.• A Trinidad Carnival judge prematurely announced Machel Montano as the Road March winner before counting finished• Soca power couple Fay-Ann and Bunji Garlin withdraw from future competitions citing the incident as "uncomfortable"• Machel Montano wins his 11th Road March title with "Party," tying Lord Kitchener's all-time record• Machel also enters and wins the Chutney Soca Monarch with "Pepper Vine" in his first attempt• Sharnz shares her stressful travel drama at Mardi Gras when a missing bus driver nearly causes her to miss international flightsFollow us on IG:@djsharnz@thearkayo@soca_chronicleswww.socachronicles.comSponsored by:www.acesir.com 

fWotD Episode 2871: Territorial Force Welcome to Featured Wiki of the Day, your daily dose of knowledge from Wikipedia’s finest articles.The featured article for Saturday, 15 March 2025 is Territorial Force.The Territorial Force was a part-time volunteer component of the British Army, created in 1908 to augment British land forces without resorting to conscription. The new organisation consolidated the 19th-century Volunteer Force and yeomanry into a unified auxiliary, commanded by the War Office and administered by local county territorial associations. The Territorial Force was designed to reinforce the regular army in expeditionary operations abroad, but because of political opposition it was assigned to home defence. Members were liable for service anywhere in the UK and could not be compelled to serve overseas. In the first two months of the First World War, territorials volunteered for foreign service in significant numbers, allowing territorial units to be deployed abroad. They saw their first action on the Western Front during the initial German offensive of 1914, and the force filled the gap between the near destruction of the regular army that year and the arrival of the New Army in 1915. Territorial units were deployed to Gallipoli in 1915 and, following the failure of that campaign, provided the bulk of the British contribution to allied forces in the Sinai and Palestine Campaign. By the war's end, the Territorial Force had fielded twenty-three infantry divisions and two mounted divisions on foreign soil. It was demobilised after the war and reconstituted in 1921 as the Territorial Army.The force experienced problems throughout its existence. On establishment, fewer than 40 per cent of the men in the previous auxiliary institutions transferred into it, and it was consistently under strength until the outbreak of the First World War. It was not considered to be an effective military force by the regular army and was denigrated by the proponents of conscription. Lord Kitchener chose to concentrate the Territorial Force on home defence and raise the New Army to reinforce the British Expeditionary Force (BEF) in France, a decision which disappointed the territorials. The need to replace heavy losses suffered by the BEF before the New Army was ready forced Kitchener to deploy territorial units overseas, compromising the force's ability to defend the homeland. To replace foreign-service units, the Territorial Force was doubled in size by creating a second line which mirrored the organisation of the original, first-line units. Second-line units assumed responsibility for home defence and provided replacement drafts to the first line. The second line competed with the New Army for limited resources and was poorly equipped and armed. The provision of replacements to the first line compromised the second line's home defence capabilities until a third line was raised to take over responsibility for territorial recruitment and training. The second line's duties were further complicated by the expectation, later confirmed, that it too would be deployed overseas.Territorial units were initially deployed overseas to free up regular units from non-combat duties. On the Western Front, individual battalions were attached to regular army formations and sent into action, and the territorials were credited with playing a key role in stopping the German offensive. The first complete territorial division to be deployed to a combat zone arrived in France in March 1915. Territorial divisions began participating in offensive operations on the Western Front from June 1915 and at Gallipoli later that year. Because of the way it was constituted and recruited, the Territorial Force possessed an identity that was distinct from the regular army and the New Army. This became increasingly diluted as heavy casualties were replaced with conscripted recruits following the introduction of compulsory service in early 1916. The Territorial Force was further eroded as a separate institution when county territorial associations were relieved of most of their administrative responsibilities. By the war's end, there was little to distinguish between regular, territorial and New Army formations.This recording reflects the Wikipedia text as of 01:11 UTC on Saturday, 15 March 2025.For the full current version of the article, see Territorial Force on Wikipedia.This podcast uses content from Wikipedia under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License.Visit our archives at wikioftheday.com and subscribe to stay updated on new episodes.Follow us on Mastodon at @wikioftheday@masto.ai.Also check out Curmudgeon's Corner, a current events podcast.Until next time, I'm standard Aditi.

SOCA THERAPY - MARCH 9, 2025Soca Therapy PlaylistSunday March 9th 2025Making You Wine from 6-9pm on Flow 98.7fm TorontoHigher (Dr. Jay Plate) - VoiceDr. Cassandra - GabbyZouk La Se Sel Medikaman - KassavMusic All Night - Caribbean Traffik Jam feat. Steve SealeySurrender - Atlantik feat. Tony PrescottBottom In De Road - Iwer GeorgeBamcie - Yung Bredda x Added RankinLewe We Play - Patrice RobertsSweet For Days - Patrice RobertsCyah Hear Yuh - Patrice RobertsBest In A While - Nadia BatsonDansa - Klassik FrescobarOne Piece - GBM Nutron x TanoPenthouse - VoiceFull Of Vibe (Dj Kevin Edit) - Voice x Marge BlackmanDancing Away (Djsk Intro Edit) - VoiceThe Greatest Bend Over - Yung BreddaThe Truth - Machel MontanoNo Sweetness - KesGood Spirits - Full BlownTabanca - Mical TejaCarnival Tabanca - Bunji GarlinHero - GBM Nutron x TanoMedicine - Kes x TanoJamtown - Coutain x TanoTOP 7 COUNTDOWN - Powered By The Soca SourceIn honour of Machel Montano tying Lord Kitchener with the most Road Marches in Trinidad and Tobago, we count down the Top Road Marches by Machel Montano streamed on Spotify7. PARDY - Machel Montano (2025)6. Advantage - Machel Montano (2011)5. Waiting On The Stage - Machel Montano (2016)4. Ministry Of Road (M.O.R.) - Machel Montano (2014)3. Soca Kingdom - Machel Montano x Superblue (2018)2. Like Ah Boss - Machel Montano (2015)1. Famalay - Machel Montano x Skinny Fabulous x Bunji Garlin (2019)Her Mudda - Machel Montano x PumpaFitness - Trinidad Killa x JadelHardest Jam - LyrikalCarnival Contract (Mr. Vik Band Edit) - Bunji Garlin Road Meeting - Fay Ann Lyons x Syri Lyons x Travis WorldSomeone Else - Litleboy x Quan x Trilla GYou Alone - Imani Ray x PreedyLast Drum - Kes x TanoFlatten - Voice x Bunji GarlinCarry It - Bunji GarlinCarry It (MadMan Remix) - Bunji Garlin x Nicki MinajRetro - VoiceKettle Pot - Yung BreddaSaddle - Anika BerryDotish - LyrikalBet Meh - Machel MontanoPAN MOMENTSBet Meh - BP RenegadesTANTY TUNEFlag Woman - Lord Kitchener (T&T Road March 1976)NORTHERN PRESCRIPTIONLike It - Faith AntoineSteamy Service (Radio Edit) - Yung BreddaBlessing - Blaka DanToo Own Way - VoiceTrinidad Sweet - Voice x VghnThankful - Farmer NappyDoubles Everyday (Parody) - Ryan SpartanCocoa Tea - KesEs**mo - Trinidad KillaTake Me Home - Freetown CollectiveNever Again - Machel MontanoBless This Party - Patrice RobertsChoose One (Muv Short Edit) - Farmer NappyD Soca Band - GBM NutronWhole Day - Machel MontanoMore Gyal For Me - JubyDown Deh - MelickCarry On - Patrice RobertsLucy - DestraFollow Dr. Jay @socaprince​ and @socatherapy“Like” Dr. Jay on http://facebook.com/DrJayOnline

The definitive account of Commando: A Boer Journal of the Anglo-Boer War, published word-for-word as Reitz first wrote it; edited and annotated by historian and Anglo-Boer War expert, Professor Fransjohan Pretorius. In 1899, Deneys Reitz, then aged seventeen, enlisted in the Boer army to fight the British. He had learnt to ride, shoot and swim almost as soon as he could walk. He made full use of these skills and the endurance he had acquired in the next three years of the war, during which he fought with the Boer commandos. He was involved in major actions, like the battle of Spioen Kop, and he interacted with prolific political and military figures of the time, such as President Paul Kruger, Boer generals Piet Joubert, Louis Botha, Koos de la Rey, Christiaan Beyers, Jan Smuts and British commander Lord Kitchener. He even met the young Winston Churchill as a prisoner-of-war in Pretoria. Reitz forged a strong personal and political friendship with General Jan Smuts after the war, built on reciprocal respect. Commando is more than a historical document; it is a literary masterpiece that transcends time. With prose that captures both the brutality and the beauty of war, Reitz weaves a narrative that resonates with authenticity and passion. As relevant today as when it was first penned, Commando has become a South African classic and stands as a testament to the indomitable human spirit in the face of adversity. In this episode of Pagecast, Professor Fransjohan Pretorius. is interviewed by CapeTalk Afternoon Drive Presenter, John Maytham. Enjoy

SOCA THERAPY - JULY 28, 2024Soca Therapy PlaylistSunday July 28th 2024Making You Wine From 6-9pm on Flow 98.7fm TorontoHow Ah Livin (Dr. Jay Plate) - Farmer NappyHaunted (Crown Prince Drumology Edit) - Machel MontanoGimme D Road - Calypso Rose x DestraNo Clothes - Nadia BatsonSalt - Added RankinRoad Tribute (Road Is Mine) - Skinny FabulousDNA - Mical TejaLong Live Soca - VoiceLong Live Soca (Dr. Jay Plate) - VoiceThe Ambush - Lyrikal x Lil Natty x ThundaMas 473 - Soca ETThe Tape - DashCarnival Jumbie - Problem ChildJumbie - Machel MontanoGet On - Fay AnnIn De Middle Ah De Road - Edwin YearwoodTrade Mark - Sir Oungku & Red HotRush - Burning FlamesBandit Dance - Square One x Iwer GeorgeUp In The Air - DestraFlames - Jabae feat. Barry ChandlerParty in Space 2012 - Ricardo Drue x SwallowSing Me Ah Melody - Drastic Of Them Island BoyzPlay De Music - KesTOP 7 COUNTDOWN - Powered By The Soca SourceTop Soca Streamed in Antigua & Barbuda on Apple Music (All Genres)7. Body Language - Fucha Kid6. Ready - Fucha Kid feat. Josh Danielz5. Play De Music - Fucha Kid feat. Kenne Blessin4. Bring Out De Wine (Radio Edit) - Fucha Kid feat. Kenne Blessin3. Mental Day - Claudette Peters2. Cyah Contain - Tian Winter1. Bruk Dat (Radio Edit) - Fucha Kid feat. ShattakeemI Like That - GBM NutronLike It - Mr Blood x DJ SpiderTil Morning - Grateful Co x DJ SpiderBest Ride - Coopa Dan x DJ SpiderTabanca - Mical TejaShake - OvadoseBa Ba Ben (Remix) - DJ Cheem feat. Noah Powa, Lyrikal & Li'l RickPractice - GBM NutronSauce - Sekon Sta x DJ Private RyanX Games - Teddyson John x DJ Private RyanMiddle - Angela Hunte x DJ Private RyanMango - Angela Hunte x Wyclef Jean x Jerry WondaCarnival - Adam O PAN MOMENTSBody Language - Michael the Pannist x Mastamind ProductionsTANTY TUNE (1988) Music - The Mighty ShadowSoca Train - Maximus DanI Am Soca Kerwin Du Bois x Patrice RobertsDifferentology - Bunji GarlinLife After Fete (Muv Short Edit) - Kerwin Du BoisEverytime - Nadia BatsonThe People’s Champion - BenjaiGift Of Soca - Bunji GarlinBottle Of Rum - Machel MontanoOut and Bad (Official N.M.G PodMix) - Voice x Lord Kitchener Inventor (Izaman) (Razorshop Roadmix) - OlatunjiPlay Mas - Teddyson John x LyrikalTrue Masquerader (Jester Mas Edit) - Kes The BandPlay A Mas - Machel MontanoReady For The Road - John KingJook In De Party - GilloNORTHERN PRESCRIPTIONLong Time Party - Miguel MaestreI Dare You - DestraBackyard Jam - Farmer NappyFollow Dr. Jay @socaprince​ and @socatherapy“Like” Dr. Jay on http://facebook.com/DrJayOnline

SOCA THERAPY - JUNE 2, 2024Soca Therapy Playlist Sunday June 2nd 2024Making You Wine from 6-9pm on Flow 98.7fm TorontoCyah Hear Yuh (Dr. Jay Plate) - Patrice RobertsVibes Team - PreedyA Little Jam - Problem ChildMoney - Imran NerdyWet Me Down - SedaleDutty Flex - KesPressure - Nailah BlackmanTing Sweet - HypasoundsWater Park - LeadpipeExcited - SaddisOn She Way - Grateful CoWhen Last (Remix) - GBM Nutron x Jus Jay King feat Grateful CoBorn Wit It - Alison HindsFling It Back - R CityWarming Up - Adam O x AkaiiusweetEverytime - Nadia BatsonLife After Fete - Kerwin Du BoisSearch Party - PreedyLook Meh Friend (BD Certified Edit) - Patrice RobertsIn The Center - GBM Nutron x Farmer NappyGo Dung (Remix) - Lil Rick feat MachelBenUp - Porgie & MurdaVagabond - Ricardo Drue Ah Feeling Mehself - Patrice RobertsBig Girl Now - Patrice RobertsMoney Done (Ryan Sayeed Intro) - Patrice RobertsSpread Love - Teddyson JohnUp & Up - Teddyson JohnTOP 7 COUNTDOWN - Powered By The Soca SourceTop Songs for the years 2014, 2015, 2016 from Apple Music (World) for the Caribbean this year7. Far From Finished - Voice6. Fast Wine - Machel Montano5. Lucy - Destra Garcia4. HMA [Happiest Man Alive] - Machel Montano3. No Apology - Kerwin Du Bois2. Dip & Roll - Lyrikal1. Cloud 9 - LyrikalGreat Day - Lil RickCome Out To Win “Who Drinking Rum?” - King BubbaPush Up On It - Patrice RobertsWe Nah Change - LavamanAnywhere Dat We Step - Skinny FabulousDestroy Everything - Mx PrimeSo & So - Bunji GarlinOld & Grey - Patrice RobertsPlay D Mas - Shal MarshallPlay Mas - Teddyson John x LyrikalSafe Space - Rae x FryktionPAN MOMENTSGirl On Fire (Joshua Regrello Steelpan Cover) - Alicia KeysWhen I See You (Joshua Regrello Steelpan Cover) - FantasiaTANTY TUNE (1987) Say Say - BaronWassy - Full BlownCut Meh Loose - Kes x Travis WorldHuman Nature - Voice x Jada KingdomCook It - Patrice RobertsNight & Day - Th3rd x JMTBBig People Party - Farmer NappyWelcome To Carnival - V'ghnOut and Bad (Official N.M.G PodMix) - Voice x Lord KitchenerI Don’t Mind - Winston SosoNiceness - Kenny MontanaSmall Pin - BecketDoh Eat & Lie Down - BecketCucumba - TouchBend - Nessa PreppyBruk Time - GrabbaDr. Cassandra (Ryan Sayeed’s PHD Intro) - College Boy Jesse x Yung BreddaFuh Spite - KesRum Sweet - Problem ChildWelcome Back - Imani RaySweet Fuh Days - Patrice RobertsNORTHERN PRESCRIPTIONCheryl - JaxxThe Islands - Patrice Roberts x Bunji GarlinSoca People - Russ x Shal MarshallFollow Dr. Jay @socaprince​ and @socatherapy“Like” Dr. Jay on http://facebook.com/DrJayOnline

⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠★ Join the Ramblings of a Sikh YouTube Channel ★ ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠ ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠★ Support this podcast on Patreon ★ ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠ ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠★ Buy this podcast a coffee ★⁠⁠ Embark on a riveting journey into the heart of London's cultural transformation with Amanda Bidnall, author of ‘The West Indian Generation: Remaking British Culture in London, 1945-1965'. Delve into the post-WWII era, a time when London experienced an influx of West Indian artists and the profound influence they imparted on British culture. With a spotlight on iconic figures like Lord Kitchener, Lord Beginner, and many others, this conversation illuminates the artists' journey from colonial subjects to British citizens and their artistic endeavors that reshaped cultural identities. A must-listen for those captivated by the end of the British Empire, migration from New Commonwealth countries, and the emergence of Black British culture. Remember to like, subscribe, and hit the notification bell for more enlightening discussions. 00:00: Introduction: Setting the Stage01:28: Delving into the Roots: Was the Immigration Act a Response to WWII or Labour Shortages?03:59: The Nationalities Act: Its Intriguing Influence on Calypso Music06:18: Spotlight on Lord Kitchener & Psy Grant: Their Legacy and Influence09:19: Unveiling the Research Process: Discovering Hidden Treasures12:28: Calypso Artists: Bonded by Shared Struggles or the Essence of the Art?17:23: Echoes of Concerns: Issues Highlighted in Their Music22:41: The Calypso Phenomenon: Its Ripple Effect on British Culture34:57: Overcoming Hurdles: Artists' Transition from Colonial Subjects to Recognized Citizens41:02: Unearthed Revelations: The Most Astonishing Finds from the Research53:44: Time Travel: Who Would Amanda Dine With from Her Research Subjects?57:08: Closing Thoughts: Reflecting on the Journey

In this week's episode we celebrate the 102nd Birthday of The Grandmaster, Lord Kitchener.We revisit Jamaica Carnival as they're reported to have hit their highest revenues ever but it's less than 1/3 the revenues of the carnival it's supposed to be taking over.While that debate rages on, some reggae legends sold out a show over the weekend while the reggae all stars reunited to put out a call for peace among the youths.No peace to be found in Massy as Mrs. Parisot-Potter's claims have been more or less dismissed and it's claimed that she asked for a $100m golden parachute. The TTPS is undergoing Ai training and we look into how well they've embraced and used technology to this point - or not.On a more serious note we discuss mental health among men as we saw a soldier allegedly attempt suicide by stepping out in front a moving bus . T&T is being reported as having a higher suicide rate among men than the global average so we have some suggestions on little things we can do to uplift our men.We salute the young legends Certified Sampson and Kyle Mark & Jr. Lee as they build their brands as social media comedians and bring some levity to the nation.Of course we threw in more than a sprinkle of the some of the sweetest songs from Lord Kitchener over the years.Enjoy!

Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/racconti-di-storia-podcast--5561307/support.OFFERTA ESCLUSIVA NORDVPN Non perderla: https://nordvpn.com/dentrolastoriaL'immaginazione di Frank Herbert ha partorito l'universo di Dune, con il ciclo di romanzi e le varie pellicole cinematografiche derivate. Ma lo scrittore non ha inventato proprio tutto: basandosi su episodi storici documentati come la rivolta Mahdista di fine '800, Herbert ha semplicemente trasportato eventi, battaglie, intrighi e personaggi dalla realtà storica in una nuova dimensione, quella del fantastico. In questo video ripercorriamo la storia del Mahdi, del Sudan, di Gordon Pascià e di Lord Kitchener e di come si sia giunti alla loro trasformazione nelle casate del Landsraad e nella creazione di un pianeta, Arrakis, che è modellato con le sue popolazioni sull'antico Sudan feudale.Il nostro canale Youtube: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC1vziHBEp0gc9gAhR740fCwSostieni DENTRO LA STORIA su Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/dentrolastoriaAbbonati al canale: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC1vziHBEp0gc9gAhR740fCw/joinSostienici su PayPal: https://paypal.me/infinitybeatDentro La Storia lo trovi anche qui: https://linktr.ee/dentrolastoria Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/racconti-di-storia-podcast--5561307/support.

We've got knitting! We've got eponyms!! We've got knitting eponyms!!! Which come with a whole load of battles, f-boys, duels, baseball, scandals - and socks, lots of socks. Fibre artist and Yarn Stories podcaster Miriam Felton discusses why grafting should ditch the name 'kitchener stitch'; we learn about the eponymous cardigan; and two towns in Ontario take pretty different approaches to having problematic namesakes. Content note: this episode contains mentions of war, death and injuries. Get the transcript of this episode, and find out more about the topics therein, at theallusionist.org/ravels. This episode was produced by me, Helen Zaltzman. Martin Austwick of Neutrino Watch and Song By Song podcasts provides the Allusionist music. Become a member of the Allusioverse at theallusionist.org/donate and as well as keeping this independent podcast going, you get regular livestreams and watchalong parties - AND to hang out with your fellow Allusionauts in our delightful Discord community. You can also sign up for free to receive occasional email reminders about Allusionist stuff. The Allusionist's online home is theallusionist.org. Stay in touch via facebook.com/allusionistshow, instagram.com/allusionistshow, youtube.com/allusionistshow and twitter.com/allusionistshow. Our ad partner is Multitude. If you want me to talk lovingly and winningly about your product or thing on the show in 2024, sponsor an episode: contact Multitude at multitude.productions/ads. This episode is sponsored by: • Wildgrain, the subscription box for sourdough breads, fresh pastas, and artisanal pastries that you can cook from frozen in 25 minutes. Get $30 off your first box, PLUS free croissants in every box, when you start your subscription at Wildgrain.com/allusionist or use promo code ALLUSIONIST at checkout.• Ravensburger, who make all sorts of jigsaw puzzles, including ones you design yourself. Buy Ravensburger puzzles in your preferred puzzle emporium and from Ravensburger's official websites.• Bombas, whose mission is to make the comfiest clothes ever, and match every item sold with an equal item donated. Go to bombas.com/allusionist to get 20% off your first purchase. • Squarespace, your one-stop shop for building and running your online empire. Go to squarespace.com/allusionist for a free 2-week trial, and get 10 percent off your first purchase of a website or domain with the code allusionist. Support the show: http://patreon.com/allusionistSee omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

It is 22nd May 1915. Just before 6.50am. The troop special from Larbert is taking troops, mocked by politicians and Lord Kitchener himself, to the front lines at Gallipoli. But as it reaches Quintinshill, just outside Gretna, something happens that will change the course of history. Don't forget to rate us ⭐️⭐️⭐️⭐️⭐️ and check out our social media here. You can also support us on Patreon here. CREDITS: Written, narrated & produced by Michael Park. Additional voices by Aaron Richardson & David Allan.

Randy Kroszner, University of Chicago Booth School Professor of Economics, and Jeff Rosenberg, BlackRock Portfolio Manager of the Systematic Multi-Strategy Fund, discuss the softer-than-expected October US jobs report. Gene Munster, Deepwater Asset Management Managing Partner and Anurag Rana, Bloomberg Technology Senior Analyst, recap Apple's sluggish 3Q earnings report. Terry Haines, Pangaea Policy Founder, discusses the rift in Washington over government spending and aid to Israel.Get the Bloomberg Surveillance newsletter, delivered every weekday. Sign up now: https://www.bloomberg.com/account/newsletters/surveillance      FULL TRANSCRIPT:     This is the Bloomberg Surveillance Podcast. I'm Tom Keane, along with Jonathan Farrow and Lisa Abramowitz. Join us each day for insight from the best and economics, geopolitics, finance and investment. Subscribe to Bloomberg Surveillance on demand on Apple, Spotify and anywhere you get your podcasts, and always on Bloomberg dot Com, the Bloomberg Terminal, and the Bloomberg Business App. What you need on Jobs Day more Newtonian calculus. We'll do that with Randall Krosner of the Bus School, Chicago, of course, the former Fed governor, one of our great and giant financial economists in America. What's the second derivative of the jobs market look like? Randy? When it moves? Does it move? Ah? And that's the key question exactly what you were talking about. What does this pretend for the trajectory going forward? Certainly we're seeing a slowing pace over the last few months downward revisions. And then the question is will this be nice and smooth or will this pretend something that is going to be As at LISTA mentioned before, nonlinear, very difficult to predict any nonlinear moves and things. But I do think it's consistent with a somewhat softening labor market. I think the FED will certainly be heartened by the wage growth coming down a bit over time. I think this takes the wind of the sales of those who wanted to go further. I think it makes it much more likely that we will just hold where we are for a while. But so far, there's nothing in this to suggest that the FED is going to be eager to cut or be even talking about cutting anytime soon. Do you think, Randy is some people are pointing to manufacturing as a point of weakness, that that is a leading indicator in the way it has been in previous times, just because of how many people were hired during the peak of the pandemic. It is certainly one area that there was a lot of bounce back, because of course people want to things, but now people want services, and so the services part is still extremely important. I wouldn't put too much emphasis on any one particular sector. I think you have to look over overall, and as Mike had said, you know, we're seeing a little bit of slow down broadly, but not enormous amount of slow down. But I do think that is consistent with in somestance where the FED wants to go. They want to see the uneployment rate go up a little bit, not too much. They want to see wage growth come down a little bit, but not too much. And I think it's just going to be tougher to be hiring people going forward. Until just a few months ago, real wages were not growing, they were actually negative. Real wage growth was negative. Now real wage growth is positive, so it gives less of an incentive for firms to hire. Real interest rates are now positive. They had been negative for a very long time. That combination is probably going to lead firms to be less eager to hire, less eager to invest, and I think that's going to be leading to what I think is potentially a hard ish but not hard landing. This is an important jobs report. This November report of the October data just absolutely extraordinary. Randy Krasner, thank you so much, Professor Krasner with the Boost School the University of Chicago. If you're not part of the global Wall Street gang, you've got to understand it's hard to look at the Bloomberg screen and frame it out from where we were two weeks ago, which gets us to canes and when the facts change, I change. Jeffrey Rosenberg studied as Maynard Keynes at Carnegie Mellon. He's a black Rock portfolio manager systematic multi strategy fund for all of us. Jeff Rosenberg, are the facts changing? Great question, Tom. You know, the narrative is changing and the facts are driving that. And so Lisa asked the kind of the key question, You know, how do you rally in front of a slowing labor picture? And that's because it's where we are. Equity markets were weaker while the economy was strengthening, and that was really about the rise in the denominator, in the discount rate and the interest rates. So as you ease off the pressure in terms of the interest rates, there's a little window here where the narrative changes and there's relief because the discount raid is expected to be a bit lower, and you see it in the bond market. But that's about horizon and so the near term horizon narrative will shift, but the longer term horizon about that hardish landing that Randy just mentioned. That'll be for future conversations. Right now, the market's pretty excited about lower discount way, Jeff Rosenberg, people would say, Blackrock is part of that wall of money that's out there. Okay, we got a short cover here, a short cover there, I got futures up eighteen. Rosenberg knows the numbers better than me. Are we underestimating Jeff Rosenberg? How many people here are off sides and need to get in and play? Now? Yeah, you know we talked about this after the FMC. You know, the near term volatility is all about technicals and positioning, and so you're going to have that and you're going to see you're going to see those moves. The longer term positioning is going to be about trajectory and fundamentals. But certainly, you know, after a report that you know pretty much convincingly across the board, as you highlighted earlier, you know, this is a report that helps to support the narrative of slowing in the labor markets, slowing in wage inflation, even though that's a mixed shift probably in the AH number, but across the board, especially with the revisions, you know, it just looks like this is coming in slower, and so that helps to feed the near term narrative that you get to the soft landing. You know, as Randy said, whether it's soft landing or hardish landing or hard landing will remain to be seen. When do you go with groupthink and when do you push back? Right? I mean, when do you go with the crowd if sentiment is shifting and you're seeing people go into risk, if you believe that essentially bad news will be bad news for risk acts. Yeah, you know, it's a lot about kind of what's in the looking at what's in the price, and how much cushion you have against the consensus move and where the asymmetries lie. So I think right now the momentum and the sentiment around soft landing is going to be pretty hard to push back against. But you know, as we see successive waves of data, we got a couple more here in terms of before we get to the December FOMC, there's going to be a little bit of momentum here around the easing off of financial conditions, the easing off of tightening from the FED, and I think that's going to provide a little bit of a tailwind for a short horizon trap. And definitely the momentum tends to overshoot, and there is this feeling that this does set the market up for more fragility heading into a print that could be a big surprise on the downside. Jeff, how much is that sort of the play right now is to lean into the momentum, go at the flow, soft landing. Sure you can celebrate, but the music will stop eventually, and each one of these economics prints are going to have that much more heft and importance in markets. Yeah, and you know, the main issue here is really about long and variable lags. And Tom, I know you hate when every time I say that, but it is where do you see that pressure coming in? Randy talked about the pressure in terms of easing off of hiring because real wages are no longer negative, it's more expensive. You talked about funding costs, and maybe there's a little bit of an opening up in terms of the bond market, but I think you got to remember here, these are much more expensive funding costs. And so if you don't have to issue that debt because you've termed it out, you don't want to issue that debt. And so even though the market may be open, it's at a much higher cost. And that lagged effect of tightening in terms of interest expenses something you know, the market is still going to have to figure out where are the vulnerabilities, and there are vulnerabilities to that impact on Bloomberg Television and radio. Jeffrey Rosenberg with us is Blackrack really timely, and of course we thank him forst fed work as well well. He's going to stay with us at right now, I can't do it to complete data check because Jeff Rosenberg is too important. But Lisa, there's some real nuances here. Futures up nineteen continue to advance down, futures up one thirty nine. Can I get to a VIXA fourteen, I'm not there yet fifteen point two six. As Bramba mentioned, folks a two year yield in thirteen basis points, we continue to see lower yields and a higher prices ten year in his stunning eleven basis points. And just you know, outside the box here, I got weaker dollar, I got euros through one oh seven. I've got yen dynamics, but euro yen. What does the Japanese institutions do this weekend? Off what Jeff Rosenberg says? Because I got euro yin one sixty point zero one. If they're not going to act now, Lisa, when are they going to act. That does raise a good question and Jeff to that point, does the move that we're seeing in the US a sigh of relief open up possible monetary disruption elsewhere hint hind Bank of Japan that could be disruptive on the other side. Yeah, I mean that's a big global story and one we've been talking about for a while waiting for. We got a little bit of it in terms of changing the definition of yield curve control, and there's an expectation that there's going to be more. And there's an incredible amount of fiscal stimulus coming out of Japan that is really going to push the BOJ even further. And so that's been a global impact. It's dampening term premium It's part of the term premium steepening story. You know, the refunding you know, certainly is pushed back on that and positioning you know, a bit off sides for that surprise somewhat surprise refunding. But really the big story there is going to be global term premium steepening and that's I think long term going to come back to the US. But near term this is going to be about softish landing and slowing of the Fed, and the market is going to run with that. We're looking right now at two year yields just tanking. I mean, honestly, this is quite a move fifteen bas points nearly from top to bottom in this trading session as people parse through this, Jeff just want to finish up with the Fed's reaction function, this concept of what it takes for the Federal Reserve to cut rates. Right now, there is base into the markets in real time, a sense that they will be cutting rates in much sooner than they're saying. Do you think that's accurate that the bar to cut rates has somehow come in as a result of just the general feeling and the public and the lack of willingness to tolerate much higher on employment rates. Well, it's tricky, Lisa. I mean, I think the reaction you're getting right now pricing out the kind of probabilities, the limited probabilities of the last hike. Right. So, you know, you go back to Wednesday, and you know you remember the question, and you know you talked about we're not even you know, talking about cutting rate now. Obviously the market is because the market is looking forward here. I think you got to see a lot more development on the inflation side before you get there. And then the other the problem we're going to talk about, I think is the reflexivity. I think you mentioned it is that you know, well, we the FED could do less because the market's doing more. But the more the market does more in terms of using financial conditions, the more then the Fed has to do. So you kind of get yourself chasing your own tail around that story in terms of whether they can cut. So it will come back to does the inflation really fall fast enough to that two percent level that gets real interest rates high enough that gets them concerned that they're too tight where they really need to deliver those cuts, and that I think is still way out into the future. And Lisa, where do you get to show where jeff Rosenberg channels George Soros on reflexivity. I mean, there's nowhere else in the world you can have this much fun. Jeffrey Rosenberg, thank you so much for joining us. That's the way it works, folks. The street only focuses on revenue dynamics, and if they're brave, they go down the income statement and they'll find that and then it's what I call concept concept concept China, worry, worry, worry, yep iPhone worry where iPads omg and thank god. Gen Monster, with all of his work on Apple and technology, says, you know, maybe they're rock solid. Maybe they're running this thing for profit. Gene. I saw a record third quarter gross margin. I saw the persistency of services maintained, and critically, I saw cash generation in the gloom of Apple this morning. The second guessing, is there free cash flow growth going to EBB. No, Tom, I think it's just going to flow and flow higher. And ultimately they showed, as you said, some of the most impressive margins, most impressive gross margins that they've ever printed a mikeed environment where component costs are rising, of labor costs, shipping costs, all of that, and they've been maintaining price that shows operation efficiency. That's what drives free cash flow. And you said it right. One big X factor around free cash flow that we've observed with big tech over the last nine months is they all say we're going to be investing more into AI. Tim Cook talks about that but says he wants to do it responsibly, which means he wants to protect margins and do that that is a unique perspective. John from his house, looking down on the Helix and New Jersey emails in and says, is it a time to buy Apple? If there's all this worry about legitimate things like China, is gene monster saying load the boat. So this is not investment advice, but I do think that this is a time to own Apple. And ultimately is you have to play this picture forward for one, two and five years. And what we've seen in the near term is that the importance of their devices in our lives are central and that shows up and effectively. The guidance I think it's misunderstood is for seven percent growth, up from one percent last quarter. So that's the baseline. The second is just the opportunity that they have to continue to sell that engage base more products. And third is that they have opportunities to go into new markets, whether it be spatial computing or what potentially could come out of automotive. And so I think when you put all this together, this is a unique dynamic and I think that this will power shares higher in the years to come. Paul, you know this. I mean you've lived this where you're like, is it a twelve week quarter, thirteen week quarter of fourteen week quarter. I mean it's like death exactly. Hey, Gene, you know, going into the quarter, the pundits were saying, you know, the primary focus is going to be China. So let's approach that from the perspective of competition. Talk to us about the Huawei phone. How much of a competitor is that. How much is a concern about nationalism weighing on potentially future demand for Apple products. So the first is the Huawei phone that's picked up a lot of traction during the quarter, a lot of speculation this was going to weigh on the China numbers, and China was down two percent year over year, at a similar rate that it was down back in March when before the new Wuahwei phones came out. It was down seven percent December of twenty twenty two, and so it fluctuates as the bottom line, China's up and down, and I don't think that the Huawei phone is having an impact. Apple gained share in China in the September quarter, and Huawei may have gained share too, But Apple is gaining share, and so I think that it is not having an impact on their business. And if you look at their China business, and I look at this on excluding the FX on a constant currency basis, it was up four percent. I'm reluctant to do that because I want to give but it's worth noting that China's doing okay for Apple. Yeah, Paul, Code of the day, Aniograna genius. Apple has eighteen percent one eight eighteen percent of the unit installed base. And yet you just heard g monsters say they're gaining share in the training share. All right, let's go to the other side of the income statement. There a gene on the cost side here. I guess you know, when I look at the operations of Apple, I just don't see any scenarre where the d couple from China. Now, they can, I guess, reduce to some extent their dependency on sourcing and manufacturing in China, but they really can't decouple. So did how do investors, long term investors like you get comfortable with that side of the equation. I don't think you do. And I think that I mentioned everything is good in China. I was talking about on the consumer side. I think on the production manufacturing side, it's a different story. And the story is that Apple needs to get out of China or at least reduce its exposure. Right now, we estimate that about forty to forty five percent of their revenue is manufactured in China. Now it's down from sixty percent a few years ago, so they've been reducing their exposure there. But the bottom line is that I don't think investors until that number gets down to twenty percent, I don't think investors are going to rest easy because this is as a geopolitical element to it and is a wild card when it comes to some of the confidence that investor have in the company's ability to produce products to meet this sensational demand and gene does a company have a strategy or are they articulating any confidence that they can in fact get down to that twenty or twenty five percent exposure they do, it's predominantly India. India's right now about two percent of their production, and they've talked about ramping production there and so it'll go tell a lot of other areas, even like you probably will see something in Mexico in the next five years too. Jane, quickly here services up sixteen percent. It's a persistent vector. Do you have a terminal rate on services or does it just grow out, you know, until Frozen eight comes out for Disney. I mean, you know, does it just go out forever. It's gonna keep going out forever because they have pricing leverage. It's not just in what they've raised the pricing with Apple TV Plus, but they raise pricing with the storage. You get those notifications. They raise it at buck a month. You don't think much about it, but that's a fifteen percent increase. And so I think that this business is generally a ten percent growing business for the foreseeable future, which can put three to five years ten seconds. Gene Monster, what's your terminal some of the parts on Apple right now? Some of the parts some of the parts is two forty And I think that's based on as we think about just ultimately what they can earn in twenty twenty five, Gene Munster. Not investment advice, but that's where we're at. It's not investment advice. But Tucker's got his by order out right now. G Muster, thank you so much. Luke Vencha. Well, let's say the show now. You can always do that with anarog Rana. He is truly expert on the cloud and has a partial interest in an Apple computer as well, Anna Regan, why you to explain to the audience how a tech company runs their company for profit versus running it just at the top line. To me, Apple is a profit cast generating juggernaut. Why is that so odd, so strange? Yeah, I think that goes back to the foundation of the company. It really believes in having high margin products. It does not believe in gaining market share. You know, even after all these years, it has only eighteen percent of the unit market share of smartphones around the world. It can completely change that overnight if they drop the price of the phone, but they will never do that because they believe in gross margins more than anything else. Over time, they will gain enough market share in every market. But this is not something that they do is try to gain market share just for the same It's the journey on a rag. As you know. Before we start talking about lower prices, can we talk about the absence of higher prices? Have they lost pricing power? No? No, I don't think so. The problem over here is people are keeping their phones for a longer period of time. If you are keeping it, let's say for an average three point six years before, you're probably keeping closer to four years. So what that does is it just elongates the time it takes for you to refresh your phones or for that bat at any other product. So I don't think it has nothing to do with the pricing power. The Promax is unbelievably expensive compared to the older models, and it's doing very well. Clearly the revenue mixed growth shift is moving towards services and IRAQ. How does that change your approach to value in this company? Yeah, I mean it has been a true surprise to see that number grow still in double digits. I expected that to be back into the high single digits by now. It has a high gross margin. It has a seventy percent plus gross margin compared to products, which is in the thirties. So over time, when you see the revenue mix shift towards services, you can expect the overall company gross margins to trend up inch, you know, inch by inch growing up, and we have seen that already in the last few years. Anor do you think that analysts are overplaying or underplaying the declines that we saw in China? I think you have to sit down and think what kind of company this is and I think this is really evident, and you know, I've discussed this with Tom and Paul many times, that this is not a company that's going to grow sales in double digits. This is at best, at this point, you know, mid to high single digit company. And I think people are getting used to that fact. Yesterday when they guide it for December quarter, which the estimate was it's going to grow about five percent, they said about flatish sales, and that's when the stock drop. I think people need to come to that point that you know, refresch cycles are going up and it's going to be a time before things are going to grow at that same pace, which then leads to a question of how much growth, how much future growth is baked into the valuation of the company that's seen a thirty seven percent rally. You're todate, Yeah, I think valuation is something that we talk about a lot with investors, and you know, sometimes you have to really ask yourself is this a technology company or this is a consumer stables company, Because if you take the heart of a consumer stables company, you know, something like a Coca Cola or a Costco, then you see things with a very different lens because those companies also are not growing, you know, eight to ten percent top line. Ana, I want to look at something beneath the radar. This week, it's a Friday, and in the world of Microsoft is a different Friday. It's a copilot Friday. What is the importance of this announcement that Microsoft's making where we actually do AI with a modeled marketed program for global corporations. What does co pilot mean to Microsoft? So, copilots is basically an AI tool that goes with your original software package. In the case of Microsoft, it's launched that with their Office Suite, which started setting yesterday. It's about thirty dollars per user per month, and they're hoping that, you know, the serious worker in the office that's probably somewhere in one hundred and fifteen million to two hundred million people around the world that currently use the Office Suite will opt some portion of that will opt for this particular feature to help gain productivity. Copilot can also be used in writing software. So it is just a tool that everybody has. They are the first ones to come out with it at such aggressive face. What's your prediction on this? I mean, come on, you've nailed the cloud. You got a cloud view out three years or five years, which is just absolutely remarkable. What is your prediction on how copilot will will do? I think, and I argue it's going to be very slow and steady because the thirty dollars per user, you know, per month is a very steep price. We think, you know, adoption rate is not going to be more than three to five percent in the first year of coming out, so you know, perhaps at two to three billion dollar upside on that. On the on the software coding side of it, which is getthub co Pilot, we think the adoption rate is going to be very high, you know, close to seventy five percent, because I don't see any developer out there that can afford to right code without this tool right next to them. And Rex, thank you, sir. In Washington, Terry Haynes joins US now founder of pengea policy Terry with great cheer for the exhaustion of our secretary straight. Does Shuttle diplomacy for Blincoln work like Shuttle diplomacy worked for Kissinger? I think it's very different for a couple of reasons, one of one of which is kind of bubbling under here. You know, Blincoln's mission this time, as opposed to the last few times, is designed to try to get to try to convince the Israeli government of some kind of pause or humanitarian something like that. And it calls into question a couple of things. It calls into question the degree to which the United States continues to support the current Israeli government. The Biden aids are running around Washington briefing against net Nyau right now. And Secondly, it calls into question whether or not and to what extent the US still supports the Israel's war aims in Gaza, and that's a concern. All this also complicates the Israel the Israeli aid package, because Congress is not going to pass the Israel package if they don't clearly understand what administration policy is. So we've got a lot of a lot of problems here that complicate Lincoln's mission. Terry, unfair question, but I got to go there. It isn't the zeitgeist end of the weekend as well. Then you were there with Lord Kitchener and Mark Sykes when they divided up the Middle East after World War One. I understand that all of a sudden we're talking about a partition of God, we saw a partition of Vietnam, a partition of Korea. Is that the easy way out here is whatever this word means, A partition of the Gaza strip. Yeah, there's a partition, and you know, it's kind of international administration or all the phrases that go together. These are phrases that go back, as you quite quite rightly point out to post World War One League of Nations mandate style governance, and and they tend to bury the harder realities, which are then the nature of the terrorist organizations, the nature of their funding, and you know what sorts of proxies they are, and they tend to bury, you know, kind of kind of regional responsibility for the problem. And all those are going to have to be dealt with, and you know, we haven't even started to deal with any of those yet. Terry, what do you make about the strife within the Republican Party stemming from Senator Tuberville of Alabama, this idea that he will stall with the affirmation the confirmation of some of the military promotions at a time of expanding conflict overseas well. You know, I'd give you two points about that. One is that it is obviously providing some strife within the military. And at the same time, the Senator says directly, and to my knowledge, has never been countermanded, that he wants to have a dialogue with the Department of Defense about all this stuff and come to some sort of resolution, and that he's not got it. What I think is going to end up happening is this gets resolved somehow in the defense spending legislation that comes up by about the end of the year. One way or another, this is going to get dealt with in the next two months. There was a resolution that passed the House offering support to Israel, but also tying it to cuts to the IRS, which some have suggested would actually cause a bigger deficit because it would reduce tax revenues that the US government gets. Does this progress the issue or actually push it back in terms of the debate, Well, two things. One is that the you know, only in Washington, would the I R S get beyond being rough here, would get eighty billion more dollars and then have it cut by fourteen and have that considered by anybody to be a cut in IRS spending. You know, But there you are Secondly, I think the funding is the help is really is funded is almost beside the point. The bigger problem that we have right now really is this. You know, you ran Admiral Kirby and your lead in Admiral Kirby says that the administration has four priorities and they all need to get dealt with together. Well, these are Biden's priorities. These are Biden's foreign policy. Biden's going to have to get all this stuff done and in a way that funded properly, and right now, whatever else Secretary Blincoln's doing. The apparent change in Biden policy towards Israel is making that more difficult because now Congress doesn't understand exactly what Biden's foreign policy is. Hey, Terry, great to get your input as always, Terry Hanks there of Panchaea policy. Subscribe to the Bloomberg Surveillance podcast on Apple, Spotify and anywhere else you get your podcasts. Listen live every weekday starting at seven am Eastern. I'm Bloomberg dot Com, the iHeartRadio app, tune In, and the Bloomberg Business app. You can watch us live on Bloomberg Television and always I'm the Bloomberg terminal. Thanks for listening. I'm Tom Keen, and this is BloombergSee 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The UN has recognised August 11th as World Steel Pan Day and pan has taken over this episode. We take in some of the classic panorama winning selections over the years.Join us as we pay homage to legendary figures in pan music, like Lord Kitchener, Sparrow, David Rudder and dive into their immense contribution to this art form. We also share how pan compositions have shaped modern pan music and take a look at some of the new pan arrangers and composers for pan.Navigate with us through the cultural impact of music, particularly its power as a tool for unity. Expect insightful discussions on resilience and perseverance embodied in pan music, and its potential as a narrative for social commentary. Of course we also get into a bit of the politics as election results streamed in while recording and it looks like more of the same from the usual suspects.00:00:00 Intro00:00:20 Celebrating World Steel Band Day00:15:00 Youths Embracing Pan00:28:19 Kitchener and Pan00:37:41 Pan Songs not about Pan00:52:23 The Story Behind Rainorama01:05:40 Local Government Election Results & Coverage01:08:14 Salute to Gypsy

 Dave Revels drops by to chat about his American Dream! Making music is what he does best as we celebrate Make Music Day in the month of June! Dave became a member of The Drifters(Under The Boardwalk fame) in the 80's and afterwards, lead singer and vocal arranger/record producer for internationally acclaimed a cappella group, The Persuasions.  Dave Revels is  an independent singer-songwriter whose musical influences and association span multiple genres both live and recorded. He has sung calypso on albums by legendary stars such as The Mighty Sparrow, Arrow and Lord Kitchener, reggae with early legends The Blues Busters, Rock and Roll, Americana with Jorma Kaukonen of Hot Tuna and Jefferson Airplane and most recently, Canadian Rock Group, Barenaked Ladies and Steve Van Zandt's Soul Fire Album.To purchase tickets to see Dave at The Cutting Room in NYC September 12th click on this link!https://donyc.com/events/2023/9/12/dave-revels-ticketsFollow him on Facebook here! https://www.facebook.com/p/Dave-Revels-100075922490369

celebrating the 101st birthday of the Lord Kitchener with some of my favourites songs like Pan in Harmony, Miss Tourist, Kaka Roach and so much more!

This is the late 1970s and '80s as explained through the urgent and still-relevant songs of the Clash, the Specials, the Au Pairs, the Style Council, the Pet Shop Boys, and nearly four hundred other bands and solo artists. Each chapter presents a mixtape (or playlist) of songs related to an alarming feature of Thatcher's Britain, followed by an analysis of the dialogue these artists created with the Thatcherite vision of British society. "Tell us the truth," Sham 69 demanded, and pop music, however improbably, did. It's a furious and sardonic account of dark times when pop music raised a dissenting fist against Thatcher's fascist groove thing and made a glorious, boredom-smashing noise. Bookended with contributions by Dick Lucas and Boff Whalley as well as an annotated discography, The Fascist Groove Thing: A History of Thatcher's Britian in 21 Mixtapes (PM Press, 2023) presents an original and polemical account of the era. Hugh Hodges has written extensively on African and West Indian music, poetry, and fiction, including essays on Fela Kuti, Lord Kitchener, and Bob Marley. Linton Kwesi Johnson praised his book Soon Come as "extremely engaging and an important, original scholarly work." He currently teaches at Trent University, Ontario, where his research focuses on cultural resistance in its many forms, and his band the Red Finks remains hopelessly obscure. Hugh's author page for PM Press. Bradley Morgan is a media arts professional in Chicago and author of U2's The Joshua Tree: Planting Roots in Mythic America. He manages partnerships on behalf of CHIRP Radio 107.1 FM, serves as a co-chair of the associate board at the Gene Siskel Film Center of the School of the Art Institute of Chicago, and volunteers in the music archive at the Old Town School of Folk Music. Bradley Morgan on Twitter. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/new-books-network

This is the late 1970s and '80s as explained through the urgent and still-relevant songs of the Clash, the Specials, the Au Pairs, the Style Council, the Pet Shop Boys, and nearly four hundred other bands and solo artists. Each chapter presents a mixtape (or playlist) of songs related to an alarming feature of Thatcher's Britain, followed by an analysis of the dialogue these artists created with the Thatcherite vision of British society. "Tell us the truth," Sham 69 demanded, and pop music, however improbably, did. It's a furious and sardonic account of dark times when pop music raised a dissenting fist against Thatcher's fascist groove thing and made a glorious, boredom-smashing noise. Bookended with contributions by Dick Lucas and Boff Whalley as well as an annotated discography, The Fascist Groove Thing: A History of Thatcher's Britian in 21 Mixtapes (PM Press, 2023) presents an original and polemical account of the era. Hugh Hodges has written extensively on African and West Indian music, poetry, and fiction, including essays on Fela Kuti, Lord Kitchener, and Bob Marley. Linton Kwesi Johnson praised his book Soon Come as "extremely engaging and an important, original scholarly work." He currently teaches at Trent University, Ontario, where his research focuses on cultural resistance in its many forms, and his band the Red Finks remains hopelessly obscure. Hugh's author page for PM Press. Bradley Morgan is a media arts professional in Chicago and author of U2's The Joshua Tree: Planting Roots in Mythic America. He manages partnerships on behalf of CHIRP Radio 107.1 FM, serves as a co-chair of the associate board at the Gene Siskel Film Center of the School of the Art Institute of Chicago, and volunteers in the music archive at the Old Town School of Folk Music. Bradley Morgan on Twitter. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/history

This is the late 1970s and '80s as explained through the urgent and still-relevant songs of the Clash, the Specials, the Au Pairs, the Style Council, the Pet Shop Boys, and nearly four hundred other bands and solo artists. Each chapter presents a mixtape (or playlist) of songs related to an alarming feature of Thatcher's Britain, followed by an analysis of the dialogue these artists created with the Thatcherite vision of British society. "Tell us the truth," Sham 69 demanded, and pop music, however improbably, did. It's a furious and sardonic account of dark times when pop music raised a dissenting fist against Thatcher's fascist groove thing and made a glorious, boredom-smashing noise. Bookended with contributions by Dick Lucas and Boff Whalley as well as an annotated discography, The Fascist Groove Thing: A History of Thatcher's Britian in 21 Mixtapes (PM Press, 2023) presents an original and polemical account of the era. Hugh Hodges has written extensively on African and West Indian music, poetry, and fiction, including essays on Fela Kuti, Lord Kitchener, and Bob Marley. Linton Kwesi Johnson praised his book Soon Come as "extremely engaging and an important, original scholarly work." He currently teaches at Trent University, Ontario, where his research focuses on cultural resistance in its many forms, and his band the Red Finks remains hopelessly obscure. Hugh's author page for PM Press. Bradley Morgan is a media arts professional in Chicago and author of U2's The Joshua Tree: Planting Roots in Mythic America. He manages partnerships on behalf of CHIRP Radio 107.1 FM, serves as a co-chair of the associate board at the Gene Siskel Film Center of the School of the Art Institute of Chicago, and volunteers in the music archive at the Old Town School of Folk Music. Bradley Morgan on Twitter. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/performing-arts

This is the late 1970s and '80s as explained through the urgent and still-relevant songs of the Clash, the Specials, the Au Pairs, the Style Council, the Pet Shop Boys, and nearly four hundred other bands and solo artists. Each chapter presents a mixtape (or playlist) of songs related to an alarming feature of Thatcher's Britain, followed by an analysis of the dialogue these artists created with the Thatcherite vision of British society. "Tell us the truth," Sham 69 demanded, and pop music, however improbably, did. It's a furious and sardonic account of dark times when pop music raised a dissenting fist against Thatcher's fascist groove thing and made a glorious, boredom-smashing noise. Bookended with contributions by Dick Lucas and Boff Whalley as well as an annotated discography, The Fascist Groove Thing: A History of Thatcher's Britian in 21 Mixtapes (PM Press, 2023) presents an original and polemical account of the era. Hugh Hodges has written extensively on African and West Indian music, poetry, and fiction, including essays on Fela Kuti, Lord Kitchener, and Bob Marley. Linton Kwesi Johnson praised his book Soon Come as "extremely engaging and an important, original scholarly work." He currently teaches at Trent University, Ontario, where his research focuses on cultural resistance in its many forms, and his band the Red Finks remains hopelessly obscure. Hugh's author page for PM Press. Bradley Morgan is a media arts professional in Chicago and author of U2's The Joshua Tree: Planting Roots in Mythic America. He manages partnerships on behalf of CHIRP Radio 107.1 FM, serves as a co-chair of the associate board at the Gene Siskel Film Center of the School of the Art Institute of Chicago, and volunteers in the music archive at the Old Town School of Folk Music. Bradley Morgan on Twitter. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/music

This is the late 1970s and '80s as explained through the urgent and still-relevant songs of the Clash, the Specials, the Au Pairs, the Style Council, the Pet Shop Boys, and nearly four hundred other bands and solo artists. Each chapter presents a mixtape (or playlist) of songs related to an alarming feature of Thatcher's Britain, followed by an analysis of the dialogue these artists created with the Thatcherite vision of British society. "Tell us the truth," Sham 69 demanded, and pop music, however improbably, did. It's a furious and sardonic account of dark times when pop music raised a dissenting fist against Thatcher's fascist groove thing and made a glorious, boredom-smashing noise. Bookended with contributions by Dick Lucas and Boff Whalley as well as an annotated discography, The Fascist Groove Thing: A History of Thatcher's Britian in 21 Mixtapes (PM Press, 2023) presents an original and polemical account of the era. Hugh Hodges has written extensively on African and West Indian music, poetry, and fiction, including essays on Fela Kuti, Lord Kitchener, and Bob Marley. Linton Kwesi Johnson praised his book Soon Come as "extremely engaging and an important, original scholarly work." He currently teaches at Trent University, Ontario, where his research focuses on cultural resistance in its many forms, and his band the Red Finks remains hopelessly obscure. Hugh's author page for PM Press. Bradley Morgan is a media arts professional in Chicago and author of U2's The Joshua Tree: Planting Roots in Mythic America. He manages partnerships on behalf of CHIRP Radio 107.1 FM, serves as a co-chair of the associate board at the Gene Siskel Film Center of the School of the Art Institute of Chicago, and volunteers in the music archive at the Old Town School of Folk Music. Bradley Morgan on Twitter. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/european-studies

This is the late 1970s and '80s as explained through the urgent and still-relevant songs of the Clash, the Specials, the Au Pairs, the Style Council, the Pet Shop Boys, and nearly four hundred other bands and solo artists. Each chapter presents a mixtape (or playlist) of songs related to an alarming feature of Thatcher's Britain, followed by an analysis of the dialogue these artists created with the Thatcherite vision of British society. "Tell us the truth," Sham 69 demanded, and pop music, however improbably, did. It's a furious and sardonic account of dark times when pop music raised a dissenting fist against Thatcher's fascist groove thing and made a glorious, boredom-smashing noise. Bookended with contributions by Dick Lucas and Boff Whalley as well as an annotated discography, The Fascist Groove Thing: A History of Thatcher's Britian in 21 Mixtapes (PM Press, 2023) presents an original and polemical account of the era. Hugh Hodges has written extensively on African and West Indian music, poetry, and fiction, including essays on Fela Kuti, Lord Kitchener, and Bob Marley. Linton Kwesi Johnson praised his book Soon Come as "extremely engaging and an important, original scholarly work." He currently teaches at Trent University, Ontario, where his research focuses on cultural resistance in its many forms, and his band the Red Finks remains hopelessly obscure. Hugh's author page for PM Press. Bradley Morgan is a media arts professional in Chicago and author of U2's The Joshua Tree: Planting Roots in Mythic America. He manages partnerships on behalf of CHIRP Radio 107.1 FM, serves as a co-chair of the associate board at the Gene Siskel Film Center of the School of the Art Institute of Chicago, and volunteers in the music archive at the Old Town School of Folk Music. Bradley Morgan on Twitter. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/popular-culture

This is the late 1970s and '80s as explained through the urgent and still-relevant songs of the Clash, the Specials, the Au Pairs, the Style Council, the Pet Shop Boys, and nearly four hundred other bands and solo artists. Each chapter presents a mixtape (or playlist) of songs related to an alarming feature of Thatcher's Britain, followed by an analysis of the dialogue these artists created with the Thatcherite vision of British society. "Tell us the truth," Sham 69 demanded, and pop music, however improbably, did. It's a furious and sardonic account of dark times when pop music raised a dissenting fist against Thatcher's fascist groove thing and made a glorious, boredom-smashing noise. Bookended with contributions by Dick Lucas and Boff Whalley as well as an annotated discography, The Fascist Groove Thing: A History of Thatcher's Britian in 21 Mixtapes (PM Press, 2023) presents an original and polemical account of the era. Hugh Hodges has written extensively on African and West Indian music, poetry, and fiction, including essays on Fela Kuti, Lord Kitchener, and Bob Marley. Linton Kwesi Johnson praised his book Soon Come as "extremely engaging and an important, original scholarly work." He currently teaches at Trent University, Ontario, where his research focuses on cultural resistance in its many forms, and his band the Red Finks remains hopelessly obscure. Hugh's author page for PM Press. Bradley Morgan is a media arts professional in Chicago and author of U2's The Joshua Tree: Planting Roots in Mythic America. He manages partnerships on behalf of CHIRP Radio 107.1 FM, serves as a co-chair of the associate board at the Gene Siskel Film Center of the School of the Art Institute of Chicago, and volunteers in the music archive at the Old Town School of Folk Music. Bradley Morgan on Twitter. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/british-studies

Florence Nightingale and her team were nursing four miles of patients. 

Listener Jo Forrest got in touch inviting Clare to walk with her and a group of fellow walkers with T1 Diabetes who discovered the beautiful lush landscapes around Epsom Downs Racecourse during their lockdown walks. Jo, Chiara, Nicole and Denise are keen to share awareness of Type 1 Diabetes and how they manage it in their every day lives. Their walk takes them beyond the racecourse to Langley Vale Wood scene of Lord Kitchener's inspection of the troops in 1915. Wooden sculptures of the soldiers haunt the landscape and even on a Summer's day the stillness and solemness make for a poignant reminder of the Fallen. Producer: Maggie Ayre

Photo:  Lord Kitchener of Khartoum.              Courtesy of The Trustees of Reservations, Archives & Research Center 7/8:  The Western Front: A History of the Great War, 1914-1918, by Nick Lloyd – March 30, 2021. Hardcover. https://www.amazon.com/Western-Front-History-Great-1914-1918/dp/B09NS2DT8X   A panoramic history of the savage combat on the Western Front between 1914 and 1918 that came to define modern warfare. The Western Front evokes images of mud-spattered men in waterlogged trenches, shielded from artillery blasts and machine-gun fire by a few feet of dirt. This iconic setting was the most critical arena of the Great War, a 400-mile combat zone stretching from Belgium to Switzerland where more than three million Allied and German soldiers struggled during four years of almost continuous combat. It has persisted in our collective memory as a tragic waste of human life and a symbol of the horrors of industrialized warfare.

In this week's episode we discuss leadership. Crime, gas prices & food prices continue to rise as our leaders fight over who spying on who. All of a sudden the police service has enough vehicles and have 80 officers searching for 1 man to avenge the death of their colleague. We also continue to call for the ORTT to be bestowed upon the great Lord Kitchener and we take in some of his classics.Enjoy!

SOCA THERAPY - APRIL 24, 2022: Soca Therapy Podcast PlaylistSplash (Dr. Jay Plate) - LavamanWet It Up (Dr. Jay Plate) - ZeekTake Ah Bathe - Iwer GeorgeFish Dance (Riddim Master Road Intro) - Low RiderThe Teach (Antiguan Style) - Ricardo DrueTornado - Marvelus x Ricardo DrueBorn To Mash Up - Marvelus x Patrice RobertsDo Road New Road - Marvelus x Lil Natty & ThundaBad Tingz - Marvelus x Adam OStupidness - Marvelus x Skinny FabulousMaddest Crew - Machel MontanoLose Weight - SackieContainer - Shireen BDe Saltfish - Problem ChildSoak It Good (SMJ Road Mix) - Skinny BantonMudda Sally (Dj Puffy Road Mix) - Lil RickMust Wet - Mr. Legz Fog Up - Marzville & StabbyShell Down Dat - Motto & Fadda FoxGo Ask Yuh Mudda - Bunji GarlinCall My Mother For Me - EdwinWine Up - Black ChineyLike A Horse - Dhirv2Funny x BoboThe People Man - Kisha x MataNot My Man - KikiBacchanal - Freezy Mr Prickle - Blackboy ft. Big Sea Go Down - JoJo Foot Apart - Big RedDominate - Jadel Pan & Soca (Road Mix) - Bunji GarlinSteel Band Power - Burning FlamesTANTY TUNE OF THE WEEK: Pan In A Minor - Lord KitchenerPan In Ya Ring Pong Pa - Square OneColours Again - Destra GarciaRoad Budy - Kerwin DuBois x Nessa Preppy x Dj Private RyanRaggamuffin - Sekon Sta x Dj Private RyanLevel Vibes - Skinny Fabulous x Dj Private RyanRoad Skank - Preedy x Dj Private RyanFree Again (Private Sayeed's Clapapella Intro) - Preedy x Dj Private RyanI Like It - GBM Nutron x Dj Private RyanFind A Way - Lyrikal x Dj Private RyanToast (Dj Private Ryan Iron Intro) - Sekon Sta x Dj Private RyanBam Bam - Sekon Sta x Salty x Dj Private RyanBoatride Anthem - Viking Ding Dong x Dj Private RyanTOP 8 COUNTDOWN (Curated & Co-hosted by International Dj & Producer Dj Private Ryan)8. Touch the Ground - Dj Private Ryan x Machel Montano & Marge Blackman7. Location - Dj Private Ryan x Preedy6. Dancing Partner - Dj Private Ryan x GBM Nutron & Imani Ray5. X Games - Dj Private Ryan x Teddyson John4. Can You Feel It - Dj Private Ryan x Terri Lyons3. Keep Jammin On - Dj Private Ryan x Kes2. So Sweet & Dubai - Dj Private Ryan x Erphaan Alves & Sekon1. Feel the Love - Dj Private Ryan x Freetown CollectiveJUS SMILE NUH Segment with 9 Year Old JUSTINBruck It (Jester Edit) - Machel MontanoKotch De Bumper - Lil RickWild Out - Lil RickBumper Bounce - Erphaan AlvesDefense - Skinny FabulousBlessings (Intro Mix) - King BubbaMind My Business - Patrice Roberts x Travis World x Dan EvensAll Eyes On You - Skinny Fabulous x Travis World x Dan EvensHappy Papi - Machel Montano x Travis World x Dan EvensStress Bout Dat - Adam OEarthquake - Viking Ding DongGyal Wine - Nailah BlackmanBad Badd - Mole x Brucelee AlmightyDrunk'n Style - Problem ChildClean - Lil RickDutty Dutty - DJ CheemTake Bamboo - MelickToo Much x Take Bamboo (Refix) - Marzville x Klassik FrescobarTambou & Pan - Army GuySucka Bag - Taller DanCome Down From Dey - Trinidad KillaOut & Bad (Scratch Master x Riddim Master Remix) - VoiceOut & Bad (Official N.M.G PodMix) - Voice x Lord KitchenerOut & Bad - VoiceFollow Dr. Jay @socaprince​ and @socatherapy“Like” Dr. Jay on http://facebook.com/DrJayOnline

Lord Kitchener's 100th Birthday celebration with kaiso, calypso, soca and steelpan music

In this episode we discuss: Farewell and send off for Blaxx; Chaos with SEA prizes; 100 year anniversary of the great Lord Kitchener; Corporal punishment for a child turns into Capital Punishment Jada makes her first public appearance; Congrats to Ketanji Brown Jackson; New political parties up and running as the old ones spy; and much more!Enjoy!

Lord Kitchener (real name Aldwyn Roberts) was one of the most famous and influential calypsonians of all time. He sang a song on the actual Empire Windrush ship when it docked in Tilbury on the 22nd June 1948 and wrote many songs which tell us more about what life was like for him and other Black people in England at that time. The Why Music Podcast is a podcast for kids and young people to learn about different musicians and music through history! All episodes are written, recorded, and produced by Nate Holder. www.thewhybooks.co.uk

THE KING'S MAN tells an elaborate, epic action adventure story. After the Duke of Oxford is widowed in 1902, he raises his son with the help of his assistant, a former African solider, and his maid, Polly. The Duke is friends with the King of England and the King's top military advisor, Lord Kitchener. When World War I breaks out, the Duke uses a private spy agency he's developed with Polly and his assistant, Shola, to help England and its allies. However, they discover there's a secret criminal cabal working behind the scenes to make sure England is destroyed.

DIANA CRAWSHAW's countercultural journey took her from a small north Yorkshire town to the centre of swinging London and the glamour of St Tropez; from selling, designing and making clothes in 60s London's hippest boutiques Lord Kitchener's Valet, Mr Freedom and Paradise Garage,to reading palms at the Holland Park office of Richard Branson.   One of our most modest and delightful guests, Diana tells tales of her times with the designers that dressed the great the good and the glitterati, including David Hockney, Picasso, Rock Hudson, The Beatles, Elton John and Freddie Mercury. We hear how she set out to find herself, how she made Dennis Hopper cry and how she fixed Raquel Welch's hot pants.   Diana reads palms at Wilde Ones in the Kings Road https://wildeones.com/tarot-readings/   Thanks to Paul Gorman http://www.paulgormanis.com   ---------- Get the Bureau's Newsletter   Support our wild endeavours   The Bureau of Lost Culture Home   Go on - follow, rate and review us - or be in touch directly bureauoflostculture@gmail.com We'd love to hear from you. -------------  

This week Dermot talks with David Rudder about his career as the successor to the traditional calypsonians. Mighty Sparrow and Lord Kitchener.

A look at some of the legends,  founders and innovators of black music in the UK for Black History Month. More info at www.francisco.vibecast.com Catch the pod live every Tuesday evening on Electric Lion Radio www.electriclionradio.com or as a podcast on Podbean, ACast, ITunes or Tunein Full track-listing below and at www.mixcloud.com/francisco  Itunes / Apple Podcasts: https://podcasts.apple.com/gb/podcast/the-payback Tracklist: Ken Snakehips Johnson - Snakehip Swing Lord Kitchener - London is the place for Me Lord Beginner - Victory Calypso Freddy Grant & His Caribbean Rhythm Orchestra & The Lion - Some Girl Got Something West African Rhythm Brother - Iwa D'Arekere Elias and his Zig Zag Jive Flutes - Tom Hark The Highlife Rakers - Fela's Special Millie Small - My Boy Lollipop Russ Henderson - West Indian Drums Osibisa - Music for Gong Gong Cymande - Bra / The Message Matumbi - Cant Get Enough  Louisa Marks - Caught You in  A Lie The Equals - Born Ya Simplicity  - Been In Love Eddy Grant - Living on the Frontline Linton Kwesi Johnson Bass Culture Mad Professor - Your Rights My Rights Jah Shaka - Commandments of Dub Verse 2 Aswad - Drum and Bass Line live (perf. 1983) Asher Senator - Fast Style Originator London Posse - London Posse Derek B We Got the Juice Soul II Soul Fairplay The Ragga Twins Spliffhead Rebel MC - Wickedest Sound The Jam Experience - Feel My Love Top Cat - Bunn the Sensi A Guy Called Gerald - 21 Gun Bady Boy LTJ Bukem - Music 4 Hero - Universal Love Tricky - Aftermath (Hip Hop Blues) General Levy - Incredible Goldie - Inner City Life Rude Bwoy Monty - Warp 10 Roni Size - Brown Paper Bag Banana Republic - Catch the Feeling (Tuff Jam) Pay As You Go Cartel - Know We Zed Bias - Neighbourhood (Steve Gurley Remix) Sticky Ms Dynamite - Booo! Roots Manuva - Bear Witness Wiley - Igloo Digital Mystix - Anti War Dub / Walking with Jah

In June 1916, Lord Kitchener of Khartoum was on board HMS Hampshire, heading for Archangel in Russia for top-secret talks.About 1 mile from the Orkney Islands, HMS Hampshire exploded and sank to the bottom of the sea, killing 737 of the 749 souls on board, including Kitchener himself.  For the Great War generation, this was their 9/11 or Kennedy assassination. There was a genuine fear that without Kitchener, there was no hope that the war would be won.But, no sooner had the Hampshire sunk than rumours began circulating about the events of that evening.  Why did armed soldiers stop people from heading to the shore to try and rescue the survivors? Why did the Stromness lifeboat not launch?  In this episode, we look at one of the great conspiracies of the Great War and try to get to the bottom of exactly what happened that night. Support us: www.buymeacoffee.com/footstepsblog or www.patreon.com/footstepsofthefallenSupport the show (https://www.buymeacoffee.com/footstepsblog)

In this first episode of a two-part podcast, we visit the largest British war memorial in the world, Sir Edwin Lutyen's geometric masterpiece, the Thiepval Memorial to the Missing.Bearing the names of over 72,000 British and South African soldiers who died on the Somme and have no known grave, the memorial stands as a testament to the volunteer Army who responded to Lord Kitchener's famous "Your country needs you!" appeal and who were killed in their thousands on the fields of Picardy in the Somme campaign.We hear the story of a 20-year-old Irishman who won the Victoria Cross laying his life down for his friends and a 51-year-old international rugby-playing Vicar who enlisted to encourage others from his small parish in Kent.  We hear about the remarkable design of the memorial the trials and tribulations of French bureaucracy to get the memorial built, and how millions of years of history lie beneath your feet when you stand next to the magnificent War Stone under the memorial. Please vote! www.britishpodcastawards.com/voteSupport the podcast: www.buymeacoffee.com/footstepspod or www.patreon.com/footstepsofthefallen

Derica Shields joins Nikita Gale and Alexander Provan to speak about the value of listening to Black peoples' accounts and analyses of their own lives. They discuss Shields's book-length oral history of Black experiences of the welfare state, “A Heavy Nonpresence,” recently published by Triple Canopy. Shields reflects on her effort to share the stories of Black people who are mistreated and monitored by the state, while also being made to feel that they should be grateful for receiving the assistance to which they're entitled. Her work shows how, in Britain, liberal nostalgia for the so-called care of the state is premised on not listening to those who receive benefits—and how politicians and journalists enable Black people to be shamed for doing so by upholding the age-old distinction between the deserving and undeserving poor (as if colonialism never happened).With Gale and Provan, Shields listens to and discusses excerpts from “A Heavy Nonpresence,” which includes accounts of seven Londoners whose lives are entwined with the welfare system. Shields advocates for oral history as a way of enabling marginalized people to be heard—and to hear each other—as well as to mitigate shame and circulate survival strategies. She notes that government assistance for Black people tends to be thought of as contingent on “good behavior,” but observes a recent shift in public opinion and political discourse, due to a reckoning with Britain's history of colonialism and racism. Rather than act thankful for the rewards of navigating an inhumane bureaucracy, more and more people are saying: “We are here, and the same rights accrue to us.” Derica Shields is a writer, researcher, and cultural worker living in London. She is the author of the forthcoming book Bad Practice (Book Works, 2021). Her work has been published by Frieze, Flash Art, Cell Project Space, and the New Inquiry, and presented by the Institute for Contemporary Arts (London) and Spectacle Theater (Brooklyn), among other publications and institutions.With Gale and Provan, Shields speaks about Beverly Bryan, Stella Dadzie and Suzanne Scafe, The Heart of the Race (Virago Press, 1985); Johnnie Tillmon, “Welfare Is a Women's Issue,” Ms., spring 1972; a video of the Labour MP David Lammy lambasting the British government for deporting immigrants on April 16, 2018; and a newsreel of West Indian workers, including the famed calypso musician Lord Kitchener, arriving in London aboard the SS Empire Windrush in 1948.Medium Rotation is produced by Alexander Provan with Andrew Leland, and edited by Provan with Matt Frassica. Tashi Wada composed the theme music. Matt Mehlan acted as audio engineer and contributed additional music.Medium Rotation is made possible through generous contributions from the Andy Warhol Foundation for the Visual Arts and Nicholas Harteau. This season of Medium Rotation is part of Triple Canopy's twenty-sixth issue, Two Ears and One Mouth, which receives support from the Stolbun Collection, the Shelley & Donald Rubin Foundation, Agnes Gund, the National Endowment for the Arts, the New York State Council on the Arts, and the New York City Department of Cultural Affairs in partnership with the City Council.

Celebrating the 99th Birthday of the Lord Kitchener, the Grand Master of Calypso

In September 1915, the British launched their largest offensive of the war to date and their fourth offensive against the Germans in Artois.The location was the grim mining town of Loos, a pancake-flat barren landscape of fortified villages, mine workings, chimneys, and slag heaps.  To make up for a critical lack of artillery shells, the British would use poison gas for the first time, but unsettlingly this was an offensive, that they didn't really want. Under pressure politically and in desperate need to maintain the entente cordiale, Sir John French's hand was forced by the Minister of War, Lord Kitchener.This first of a two-part podcast sets the scene; it looks at the build-up to the battle, the geography which had such a massive impact on the offensive, the lack of ammunition, the animosity between French and Sir Douglas Haig, and the critical handling of the reserves which ultimately made the difference between success and failure. Support the show (https://www.patreon.com/footstepsofthefallen)

Episode 141 is where the British and the Boers finally sign a peace treaty, but there's quite a bit to cover as we go about watching the days between 19th and 31st May 1902. Remember how the representatives from both sides, Botha, Smuts, Hertzog, De Wet, Burger and De la Rey for the Boers, Milner and Kitchener for the British, had decided to try and write a treaty together rather than separately through a commission. Nowadays commissions seem to drag on for years – while the original concept of a commission was premised on the threat of a lack of quick action. There is no doubt that we have lost the ability in the modern world to think rapidly. Commissions in the 21st Century are proficient at wasting time pandering to expensive lawyers representing a thicket of politicians rather than a direct pursuit of an objective legal conclusion. Back in Lord Kitchener's office in Pretoria in the week between 21st and 28th May 1902 the Boers were now aware that there was no way the British would ever agree to any sort of independence, and the British were aware that the Boers wanted to find an honourable way out of this war. Judge Hertzog put it in a nutshell when he said “I think that I am expressing the opinion of the whole Commission when I say that we wish for peace… we on both sides are really desirous of coming to a settlement…” This group of men then selected a sub-committee composed of Judge Hertzog and General Smuts along with Lord Kitchener and lawyer Sir Richard Solomon that drew up a schedule that included rules for those who refused to sign an oath to become citizens under the rule of his Majesty King Edward the Seventh. Before discussing that document Smuts asked “If we were to sign this document would not the outcome be that we leaders made ourselves responsible for the laying down of arms by our burghers?” To which the imperial hawk Lord Milner replied “Yes. And should your men not lay down their arms it would be a great misfortune.” And so they continued, debating each point but inevitably building trust and mutual respect. Nothing improves a relationship more than a desire to find an outcome rather than stating a position. The first draft had already been telegraphed to the British government on 21st May. Privately Lord Milner followed it up with a confidential note to Chamberlain saying he would have no regrets if the British Cabinet rejected or radically amended the proposals

We're up to episode 138 and it's a week to go before the all-important Boer Conference in Vereeniging starting May 15th 1902. Lord Kitchener has ordered his men in all intents and purposes to stop chasing the Boers, stop the burning of farms and to wait for the Boers conference. We have heard how Jan Smuts and Louis Botha met in the Eastern Transvaal, chose their representatives and now were making their way to the South Eastern border down on the banks of the Vaal River. That was on the 4th May 1902. The western Transvaal Boers were doing the same, selecting 30 representatives who would debate the future of their people, so too were Free State's president Steyn and diehard General Christiaan de Wet – except for the outcome. They wanted the Boer conference to reject surrender and to push on to oblivion. Which is what awaited the hawks I'm afraid. Lord Milner the British High Commissioner also wanted the Boers to fight until they were totally crushed so that he could flood South Africa with English loyalists. In military terms, you know you're in trouble when your most hated adversary thinks your strategy should be to fight to an inevitable death. That's what the loyalists through South African wanted, the English speaking hard-core British iumperialists. Yes, they were shouting, keep it up Mr Boer until your terms of surrender at unconditional then you'll be all but extinct and we can just take over everything you've built. The most vocal jingos of the day were actually despised the professional British officer corps in South Africa. The war needed to end so that they could get on with their careers. Winston Churchill was one of those who found what were known as loyalists as deeply concerning. He'd survived a Boer prisoner of war camp and many close calls and respected his former captors, there was very little rancor. While the Boers and the British were framing their views and devising their negotiation strategies, an incident in Natal on May 6th was to sharpen everybody's minds. Some historians have suggested that what became known as the Holkrantz incident gave further impetus to the Peace Process and strengthened the hand of the moderate Boers like Smuts and Botha who wanted to end the war immediately. Steyn and de Wet on the other hand took the opposing view – fight on was their rallying call. Watching all of this closely was black South Africa. The massacre at Holkrantz shocked most Boers into accepting that the longer this war continued and the more unlawful the landscape would become.

We're back in the Northern Cape with General Jan Smuts. He's been waiting in vain for more than two weeks for the British to send a relief force after he laid siege to the well defended town of O'Kiep having already seized Springbok and Concordia. Meanwhile, the first round of peace talks have already ended in Pretoria with the Boers undertaking to select representatives to appear at follow up talks set to take place at Vereeniging starting on May 15th 1902. Smuts has no idea that this meeting has already been agreed. As far as he's concerned, the British will send a relief column by ship from Cape Town to Port Nolloth, and entrain from there to O'Kiep – which is a copper producing town of some significance. Compared to Kimberley and Johannesburg, hardly strategic, but important nonetheless. And with him is our young narrator Deneys Reitz, fighting on with the other bitter enders. “On the surface things looked prosperous..” he writes in his book Commando. “Five months ago we had come into this western country hunted like outlaws, and today we practically held the whole area from the Olifants to the Orange River four hundred miles away…” Except of course for a few garrison towns which had held out against Smuts. These were now hunkered down and the British inside the towns were unable to travel freely while the Boers roamed this vast territory at will. The success of Smuts' commando were gratifying for the Volk back home in the Free State and Transvaal, as well as sympathisers in the Cape. Their spirits had been raised as reports circulated about General Smuts' incredible attacks using hand grenades and trench type warfare at Springbok and Concordia. “Unfortunately while matters stood thus well with us, the situation in the two Republics up north was far otherwise..” Lord Kitchener's drives and policy of scorched earth had worked in the end. Smuts had been out of touch from his own leaders since the previous September. That was almost nine months of no direct messages. Even guerrilla leaders must be in communication at some point or the entire idea of command and control evaporates in a mist of local delusion. “We had been out of touch with them for so long that we did not realise the desperate straits to which they had come..” Reitz along with Smuts had been trying to motivate the men while at the same time, realised that this war could not continue in the same vein. Something had to give. So towards the end of April, Smuts and his men were living in the town of Concordia which lies around four miles from O'Kiep. The British there were dug in and their defensive positions were too difficult to overrun. Smuts had assumed that eventually the relief force would arrive, and it would be large. This he believed, would mean the southern region of the Cape would have been weakened and then he could make a direct dash south and perhaps catch the British off-guard. Reitz presumed the dash included a possible attack on the outskirts of Cape Town.

While the Boer political and military leadership were huddled around a table in Lord Kitchener's office, far off in the Northern Cape General Smuts and his commando had defeated the British at three small towns through the months of March and April 1902. We've heard about the assaults on Springbok, Calvinia and O'Kiep. Smuts was waiting patiently for the British to send their expected relief expedition via the Atlantic town of Port Nolloth to relieve O'Kiep. Smuts wanted to then head directly to Cape Town to catch the British unprepared. It was audacious but typically Smuts. He was not aware that he had literally missed the train to Pretoria and that Peace Talks were underway. He had ordered van Deventer and his commando to head twenty miles west and to monitor the main railway line from Port Nolloth to O'Kiep which was an important copper mining area. But 760 miles to the north East in Kitchener's office, there was a slow change to the overall tenure of the discussions. Remember how the Boers had left the topic of the Boer Republics independence off their list of demands, in their view, this was non-negotiable. On the other hand, the British had expected the Boers to return to the negotiating table with the understanding that independence was impossible. Things became extremely complicated when Lord Milner joined Kitchener two days after talks began on 13th April – because Milner wanted unconditional surrender and he didn't mind a few more months of war to subjugate the Boers completely. That was not the view of Kitchener and is aide – Ian Hamilton. At the same time the British standpoint was unequivocal, there would be no reversal of the annexation of the Republic of the Transvaal and Orange Free State. Everything else however was open to discussion. President Steyn of the Free State was particularly stern in his opposition to the British position of fait accompli and in discussions with Acting President Burgher and General Louis Botha of the Transvaal, he managed to convince them of a last line of defence. The overall policy dominating Boer politics was the concept of a democratic decision taken by the people – they needed to poll the Volk for their point of view. Under the Boer constitution, argued Steyn, neither of the Boer government's was empowered to authorise surrender without permission.

This is episode 134 and its April 1902. The Boer military and political leadership has been permitted by the British to travel to Pretoria by train and will meet with Lord Kitchener to talk peace. All the fighting of the previous two years and 6 months have led both sides to this moment. And yet, there is one more major bloody battle left which is difficult to fathom – other than to say the Boers launched a cavalry charge that wouldn't have looked out of place in the Napoleonic era. It was a hugely courageous attack led by Commandant Potgieter and General Kemp on the 11th April that both surprised and was admired by the English troops who watched. Viewing the details of the Battle of Roodewal now you can understand Kemp and Potgieters' act as a brave yet suicidal final salvo from a pugnatous people. Roodewal means Red Valley and the valley surrounded by gentle slopes would be spattered with blood by the end of the day. It could have been worse, as we'll see, with Ian Hamilton doing a General Buller and hesitating when his foe was clearly defeated and the Mounted Infantry's woeful shooting. Roodewal is two hundred miles west of Pretoria and the very day that General de la Rey with Botha and De Wet steamed into the Transvaal Capital, his men were receiving a terrible hiding. The success was not so much the credit of Ian Hamilton, as to the officers and men of the thirteen columns who had finally caught up with a large Boer commando. It was perspiration, inspiration and sheer luck that caused the enemy to make a bad decision. Afterwards Hamilton and Kekewich called it a real soldiers' battle, fought out on the kind of terms that British Generals had despaired of every seeing again in their lifetime. As Thomas Packenham calls it, the final reassuring echo from the 19th Century. The British troops had been frustrated for 30 months as they marched up and down the veld, hunting the Boers who were like ghosts. The terrain didn't help. IT was half wilderness, these plains to the West of Johannesburg and Pretoria. A huge diamond shaped box enclosed by the lines between Lichtenburg, Klerksdorp, Vryburg and the Vaal River – two hundred miles of rolling sandy plains intersected by shallow meandering river valleys. They were mostly dry except in the rainy season. The news of this momentous battle reached Pretoria. It was the 12th April and the peace talks were about to start. As I explained last week, Kitchener had purposefully left Lord Milner out of the first round of negotiations because he wanted some kind of wriggle room – knowing of course that Milner was hoping to have complete control over South Africa in the future without interference from the troublesome Boers. President Burger of the Transvaal was gloomy as he sat down with Kitchener, remaining mostly silent after the Boers handed over their proposal to the British Army commanding officer. Kitchener was taken aback by the affrontery of the Boer demands. He expected them to address the elephant in the room – that is the continued independence of Boer Republics which was no longer viable.

As we heard last week, the Netherlands government had decided by January 1902 that the South Africa war was no longer viable for the Boers. Even the latest successes in March where General De la Rey and Jan Smuts had been victorious in battles in the western Transvaal and Northern Cape respectively had failed to really convince their closest ally in Europe that they were likely to defeat the British. The successes by Smuts around Okiep were more good news but all of these skirmishes were in the non-strategic parts of South Africa. The Boers could do nothing now about the increased production on the mines for one, which began producing gold and other commodities. While much of the country was still denuded, burnt, destroyed, the main cities were functioning and things were slowly returning to a version of normal. There were around 6000 gold mine stamps in South Africa at the start of the war. These are machines that crush rock, before the all-important metal within is extracted. Whether it is copper, gold, silver or any other precious mineral inside a rock, the mine stamp was used to pulverise the material, from where the ore would be removed. Most were steam or water driven and the vast majority had been mothballed at the start of the war as miners fled Johannesburg. But by January 1902 at least 1 075 of these mine stamps were functioning in the Transvaal. Gold output was surging. From a lowly 7 400 ounces in May 1901 to a much more productive 70 000 ounces in January 1902. The financiers were happier, the British Empire was getting some of its money back, things were looking up. February production climbed still further, to 81 000 ounces, and by March 1 700 mine stamps were online and 104 000 ounces of gold found its way onto the trains south to South Africa's ports. That was still some way off the 300 000 ounces the mines were pumping out before the start of the Boer war, but you can imagine how each ounce was putting the bounce back in the bankers' steps as they read weekly updates in their smoking rooms in London. Lord Kitchener had accepted a request by the Boers for their generals and political leadership to meet to discuss possible terms after he reached out to President Burgher of the Transvaal. In England, Rudyard Kipling was churning out his poems and stories and he wrote at this time that “Not by lust of peace or show, Not by peace herself betrayed, Peace herself must they forego, Til that peace be fitly made…” Like Milner, Kipling believed the Boers must be made to come to the peace table with cap in hand – not as equals but as a vanquished people. Meanwhile, that icon of empire, Cecil John Rhodes had died at the age of 48. The sudden announcement on March 26th 1902 was a shock to many, although the man who gave his name to an entire country was not exactly loved. Remember how he had bullied and mentally tortured the poor Kekewitch, commander of the British forces in Kimberley during the siege? His stint in Cape politics had also been a disaster. And he was arrested in September 1901 in an extremely unsavoury fraud case involving a promiscuous Russian princess. I don't have the space to cover that here, but if you're interested go Google princess Radziwill. She was one of a kind.

There are a few more skirmishes and one more big battle after this period with its frustrations for the British and determination by the Boer die-hards or Bitter einders to continue their war against an empire at its zenith. We will hear about General Christiaan de Wet and Lord Kitchener who are closer physically than at virtually any other time in the war. Kitchener arrived in the Transvaal town of Klerksdorp on the 26th March, de Wet has evaded Kitchener's columns and blockhouses in the the Free State and is about to cross over the Vaal River to join General Koos de la Rey. More about that in a while. What these soldiers don't know is that there have been peace moves afoot internationally for some time. The Dutch Prime Minister, Abraham Kuyper, had sent a coded message to Lord Landsdowne, the British Foreign Secretary, on January 21st 1902. As was the case in those days, the language used was French - the language of diplomacy. And in his forthright way, The Hague was offering “en traite de paix” – a peace treaty between the British and Boers. The Dutch went one step further. They had already worked out a scenario. First the three members of the Boer Delegation which we heard about last year were still in the Netherlands. They would return to South Africa to confer with Boer leaders then return with an authorisation to conduct peace talks somewhere in the Netherlands. On the 29th January, Lord Landsdowne replied bluntly that the British government appreciated the humanitarian considerations that inspired the offer, but on principle declined the intervention of foreign powers in the South African war. Leyds, who was Paul Kruger's secretary in Holland, heard about Kuypers offer through the newspapers and was not amused. Why had the Dutch Prime Minister not bothered to confer with him or Kruger? What also angered the Boer emissaries in Europe was the tone adopted by the Netherlands missive. The letter which failed to call on the British to end an imperialist war nor did it mention the abuses being suffered by Boer women and children in the internment camps. The Dutch message implicitly urged the Boers to give up a hopeless cause. Worse, that response came at about the same time another arrived from America which was negative. President Roosevelt told the Boers that his predecessor, McKinley, had offered his services as a mediator and had been turned down flatly by the British. So Roosevelt said any attempt at intervention would be folly.

General Jan Smuts and his commando have seized the small town of Springbok in the far northern Cape. As we heard last week, the town fell after a few hours of fighting and the surrender of the three forts that dominated its defences. After the town was taken, our narrator Deneys Reitz had fallen into a deep sleep have had no rest for three full days and nights. Reitz slept for 24 hours – and when he awoke it was to a surprise. “I found my friend Nicolas Swart sitting on the bed beside me. He was almost recovered from his wounds, and had just arrived from the south.” An extraordinary man, this Nicolas Swart. He'd been shot through the hip while leaning over and the bullet had passed through his body ending exiting through his chest. Reitz believed he was probably not going to survive. And that was only a few weeks after Swart had been shot in the arm, shattering the ulna. Yet here he was, less than a month after appearing near death. Meanwhile, in Pretoria, Lord Kitchener was tearing at his characteristic moustache. Remember how he had collapsed upon hearing about Lord Methuen's defeat at the hands of General Koos de La Rey. How were the British to capture this large and well-fed marauder? He had escaped certain capture to turn on his pursuers three times in the last six months. First at Moedwil on 30 September 1901 when he had mauled part of Kekewitch column, then at Yzer Spruit on 24 February 1902 when he had devoured most of von Donops wagon convoy protected by a large force of 700 men. He'd seized 150 wagons of food and ammunition there. Then at Tweebosch, he had swallowed Lord Methuen whole. The British now regarded de la Rey as their biggest problem – far more deadly than both General Smuts and Christiaan de Wet. AS well as looting British bully beef and .303 ammunition, he had also looted six field guns, and machine guns. De la Rey's men were now at the peak of their military power and of course the British were sending half trained yeomen into battle.

In this episode we will hear how General Koos de la Rey captures Lord Methuen in an act that will push Lord Kitchener over a psychological precipice. Remember when we ended last week I explained how Lord Methuen was particularly despised by both de la Rey and General Christiaan de Wet because the British commander had personally overseen the destruction of both of their farms. But de la Rey displays the kind of chivalry in victory last seen almost a hundred years before this war. He will also allow himself to be swayed by angry men to execute British troops in cold blood. As for Methuen, he was someone with whom the Boers had an axe to grind. And with the capture you would expect that the Boers may have played hard ball – do some kind of swap at dawn. A General for a general as historian Martin Bossenbroek writes. This is not to be. General Koos de la Rey had been itching for something significant in the western Transvaal as he was pushed hither and thither by the British, and in turn, pushed them back and forth. It all started on the 25 February 1902 at Ysterspruit which is around 10 miles from Klerksdorp in the Western Transvaal. De La Rey caught the English napping, swooping on a convoy of 150 wagons, most of which were empty. It was what was protecting that wagons that the General was after. A machine gun, two cannons and a huge cache of rifles, ammunition, 200 horses, 400 oxen and 1500 mules. This came at precisely the right point for the Boers, and exactly the wrong time for the English troops who were going to be shot up with their own weapons shortly.

February 1902 is full of surprises, not least for Lord Kitchener who has designed his great Drives which are similar to hunting Grouse on the moors of England. Lines of men walk side by side, twenty yards apart, driving the Boers before them until they are squashed against the blockhouses and posts where they are forced to surrender in droves. Well that is the theory. Sometimes is worked, sometimes not. In the case we'll hear today where Kitchener's second major drive was launched in the Free State, the theory and the practice were out of kilter. Because Major Rawlinson and his superiors were after the crafty fox, General Christiaan de Wet and President Steyn. Should they capture these two, the Boer war would surely splutter to a halt. De Wet and General Jan Smuts, along with General de la Rey were the symbols of freedom for the Boers, and it was vital for the British to bring them to book. In the Eastern Transvaal, General Louis Botha had fought his last battle as we heard in January, and was now making preparations for a shift in strategy – and region. He had decided that his commando would serve no purpose remaining in the Transvaal and he was headed to Northern Natal where he believed he would have more success. Lord Kitchener had an epiphany. Rawlinson had had one too – but far earlier. Other British commanders had similar moments when the phrase Eureka surely must have escaped their lips. The British drives had been designed as day-time operations, at night the thousands of men would stop and make fires for supper, which is when the Boers would slip between the clearly demarcated fire areas of sleeping English and make their escape. The epiphany was a set of orders that altered how the British army would deal tactically with their enemy - which they pretty much use to this day. In fact, when I was a soldier, we used some of the tactics which the Americans also employed in Vietnam. In a nutshell, it is understanding that owning the night is essential in any war. You control the darkness, you control the coming battle. When walking patrol or moving a group of men of whatever size, one of the most important things to do before the sun sets is to confuse the enemy by pretending to be in a place you are not.

General Jan Smuts is making merry in the Cape, trying to stoke uprisings, while Lord Kitchener's been more successful in clearing the Eastern Transvaal, forcing General Louis Botha to shift towards Vryheid and along the border between the Transvaal and Natal. General Christiaan de Wet is active in the Free State, while General Manie Maritz has continued his low level harassment of the British across the Free State and Cape. I haven't spent much time on Maritz mainly because there is not a great deal of documentation about exactly what he got up to on a daily basis – unlike the other generals we've been following for two years. He is also one of the most bigoted, warped and psychotic men who held a weapon during this terrible war who tended to lie quite a bit in his memoirs. During the Anglo-Boer war he was the only Boer General we know about took a great deal of pleasure in killing blacks instead of British. He seemed inclined to shoot all blacks he found. His most heinous act was lining up all 35 men of a Khoi village at the end of the war and shooting them down in cold blood in what became known as the Leliefontein Massacre. I will have more detail about this in later podcasts. Maritz evaded execution at war's end for what were really war crimes. After all, the Australian Breaker Morant the Australian was executed by the British for a similar spree as he went about executing at least a dozen Boers in cold blood. But back to 1902. General Koos de la Rey is also still free, roaming the veld in the far west of the Transvaal and he has been particularly successful around Rustenburg, Mafikeng, Marico, Zeerust and other smaller towns in the region. We will also hear about how Trek Boers ended up founding the Kenyan town of Eldoret. It was established by the Boers in the midst of the farms they created, and known by locals as Sisibo because of the main farm number 64 – or Sisibo in the local language. Sixty more Afrikaner families arrived in 1911, by then it had a post office and was officially named as Eldoret which continued to prosper. Eventually the railway line reached Eldoret in 1924 accelerating growth, then in 1933 electricity arrived along with an airport. By the 1950s the town was literally divided in two along the main street now called Uganda Road, with Afrikaners living in the north of the divide, and English speakers on the South.