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Hey guys, what you are about to listen to is an extremely graphic episode that will contain many scenes of gore, rape, human experimentation, honestly it will run the gambit. If you got a weak stomach, this episode might not be for you. You have been warned.  I just want to take a chance to say a big thanks to all of you guys who decided to join the patreon, you guys are awesome! Please leave a comment on this episode to let me know what more you want to hear about in the future. With all of that said and done lets jump right into it.   Where to begin with this one? Let start off with one of the major figures of Unit 731, Shiro Ishii. Born June 25th, 1892 in the village of Chiyoda Mura in Kamo District of Chiba Prefecture, Ishii was the product of his era. He came from a landowning class, had a very privileged childhood. His primary and secondary schoolmates described him to be brash, abrasive and arrogant. He was a teacher's pet, extremely intelligent, known to have excellent memory. He grew up during Japans ultra militarism/nationalism age, thus like any of his schoolmates was drawn towards the military. Less than a month after graduating from the Medical department of Kyoto Imperial University at the age of 28, he began military training as a probation officer in the 3rd regiment of the Imperial Guards division. Within 6 months he became a surgeon 1st Lt. During his postgraduate studies at Kyoto Imperial university he networked successfully to climb the career ladder. As a researcher he was sent out to help cure an epidemic that broke out in Japan. It was then he invented a water filter that could be carried alongside the troops.   He eventually came across a report of the Geneva Protocol and conference reports of Harada Toyoji as well as other military doctors. He became impressed with the potential of chemical and biological warfare. During WW1 chemical warfare had been highly explored, leading 44 nations to pass the Geneva Protocol or more specifically  “Protocol for the Prohibition of the Use in War of Asphyxiating, Poisonous or other Gases, and of Bacteriological Methods of Warfare”. Representatives from Japan were present at this conference and were involving in the drafting and signing of the Geneva Protocol, but it was not ratified in Japan at the time. Ishii's university mentor, Kiyano Kenji suggested he travel western countries and he did so for 2 years. Many nations were secretive about their research, but some places such as MIT were quite open. After his visit Ishii came to believe Japan was far behind everyone else in biological warfare research. After returning to Japan Ishii became an instructor at the Imperial Japanese Army Medical School. Japan of course lacked significant natural resources, thus it was a perfect nation to pursue biological weapons research. Ishii began lobbying the IJA, proposing to establish a military agency to develop biological weapons. One of his most compelling arguments was “that biological warfare must possess distinct possibilities, otherwise, it would not have been outlawed by the League of Nations.”   Ishii networked his way into good favor with the Minister of Health, Koizumi Chikahiko who lended his support in August of 1932 to allow Ishii to head an Epidemic Prevention Laboratory. Ishii secured a 1795 square meter complex at the Army Medical College. Yet this did not satisfy Ishii, it simply was not the type of work he wanted to do. The location of Tokyo allowed too many eyes on his work, he could not perform human experimentation. For what he wanted to do, he had to leave Japan, and in the 1930's Japan had a few colonies or sphere's of influence, the most appetizing one being Manchuria. In 1932 alongside his childhood friend Masuda Tomosada, Ishii took a tour of Harbin and he fell in love with the location.   During the 1930's Harbin was quite a cosmopolitan city, it was a major trading port and diverse in ethnicities and religions. Here there were Mongols, Russians, Chinese, Japanese, various other western groups in lesser numbers. Just about every religion was represented, it was a researcher's paradise for subjects. Ishii sought human experimentation and needed to find somewhere covert with maximum secrecy. He chose a place in the Nan Gang District of Beiyinhe village, roughly 70 kms southeast of Harbin. It was here and then he began human experimentation. One day in 1932, Ishii and the IJA entered the village and evacuated an entire block where Xuan Hua and Wu Miao intersected. They began occupying a multi-use structure that had been supporting 100 Chinese vendors who sold clothes and food to the locals. They then began drafting Chinese laborers to construct the Zhong Ma complex to house the “Togo Unit” named after the legendary admiral, Togo Heihachiro. The Chinese laborers were underpaid and under constant watch from Japanese guards, limiting their movement and preventing them from understanding what they were building, or what was occurring within the complex. The complex was built in under a year, it held 100 rooms, 3 meter high brick walls and had an electric fence surrounding the perimeter. One thousand captives at any given time could be imprisoned within the complex. To ensure absolute secrecy, security guards patrolled the complex 24/7. Saburo Endo, director of Operations for the Kwantung Army once inspected the Togo Unit and described it in his book “The Fifteen Years' Sino-Japanese War and Me”, as such:   [It was] converted from a rather large soy sauce workshop, surrounded by high rammed earth wall. All the attending military doctors had pseudonyms, and they were strictly regulated and were not allowed to communicate with the outsiders. The name of the unit was “Tōgō Unit.” One by one, the subjects of the experiments were imprisoned in a sturdy iron lattice and inoculated with various pathogenic bacteria to observe changes in their conditions. They used prisoners on death row in the prisons of Harbin for these experiments. It was said that it was for national defense purposes, but the experiments were performed with appalling brutality.The dead were burned in high-voltage electric furnaces, leaving no trace.    A local from the region added this about the complex “We heard rumors of people having blood drawn in there but we never went near the place. We were too afraid. When the construction started, there were about forty houses in our village, and a lot of people were driven out. About one person from each home was taken to work on the construction. People were gathered from villages from all around here, maybe about a thousand people in all. The only things we worked on were the surrounding wall and the earthen walls. The Chinese that worked on the buildings were brought in from somewhere, but we didn't know where. After everything was finished, those people were killed.”    Despite all the secrecy, it was soon discovered prisoners were being taken, primarily from the CCP and bandits who were being subjected to tests. One such test was to gradually drain a victim of blood to see at what point they would die. The unit drew 500 cc of blood from each prisoner every 3-5 days. As their bodies drew weaker, they were dissected for further research, the average prisoner lasted a maximum of a month. Due to the climate of Manchuria, it was soon established that finding methods to treat frostbite would benefit the Kwantung army. Ishii's team gathered human subjects and began freezing and unfreezing them. Sometimes these experiments included observing test subjects whose limbs had been frozen and severed. The Togo team reported to General Okamura Yasuji, the deputy commander in chief of the Kwantung army from 1933-1934 that the best way to treat frostbite was to soak a limb in 37 degree water. According to the testimony of a witness named Furuichi at trial done in Khabarovsk , “Experiments in freezing human beings were performed every year in the detachment, in the coldest months of the year—November, December, January and February. The experimental technique was as follows: the test subjects were taken out into the frost at about 11 o'clock at night, compelled to dip their hands into a barrel of cold water and forced to stand with wet hands in the frost for a long time. Alternatively, some were taken out dressed, but with bare feet and compelled to stand at night in the frost during the coldest period of the year. When frostbite had developed, the subjects were taken to a room and forced to put their feet in water of 5 degrees Celsius, after which the temperature was gradually increased.”   Sergeant Major Kurakazu who was with Unit 731 later on in 1940 and taken prisoner by the Soviets in 1945 stated during the Khabarovsk trial , “I saw experiments performed on living people for the first time in December 1940. I was shown these experiments by researcher Yoshimura, a member of the 1st Division. These experiments were performed in the prison laboratory. When I walked into the prison laboratory, ve Chinese experimentees were sitting there; two of these Chinese had no fingers at all, their hands were black; in those of three others the bones were visible. They had fingers, but they were only bones. Yoshimura told me that this was the result of freezing experiments.”   According to Major Karasawa during the same trial Ishii became curious about using plague as a weapon of war and captured plague infected mice to test on subjects in the Zhong Ma Complex “Ishii told me that he had experimented with cholera and plague on the mounted bandits of Manchuria during 1933-1934 and discovered that the plague was effective.”   According to Lt General Endo Saburo's diary entry on November 16th of 1933, at the Zhong Ma complex “The second squad which was responsible for poison gas, liquid poison; and the First Squad which was responsible for electrical experiments. Two bandits were used by each squad for the experiments.  Phosgene gas—5-minute injection of gas into a brick-lined room; the subject was still alive one day aer inhalation of gas; critically ill with pneumonia.  Potassium cyanide—the subject was injected with 15 mg.; subject lost consciousness approximately 20 minutes later.  20,000 volts—several jolts were not enough to kill the subject; injection of poison required to kill the subject.  5000 volts—several jolts were not enough; aer several minutes of continuous current, subject was burned to death.”    The Togo Unit established a strict security system to keep its research highly confidential. Yet in 1934, 16 Chinese prisoners escaped, compromising the Zhong Ma location. One of the guards had gotten drunk and a prisoner named Li smashed a bottle over his head and stole his keys. He freed 15 other prisoners and of them 4 died of cold, hunger and other ailments incurred by the Togo unit. 12 managed to flee to the 3rd route army of the Northeast Anti Japanese united Army. Upon hearing the horrifying report, the 3rd route army attacked the Togo unit at Beiyinhe and within a year, the Zhong Ma complex was exploded.    After the destruction of the Zhong Ma complex, Ishii needed a better structure. The Togo unit had impressed their superior and received a large budget. Then on May 30th of 1936 Emperor Hirohito authorized the creation of Unit 731. Thus Ishii and his colleagues were no longer part of the Epidemic Prevention Institute of the Army Medical School, now they were officially under the Kwantung Army as the Central Epidemic Prevention and Water Purification Department. Their new HQ was located in Pingfan, closer to Harbin. Their initial budget was 3 million yen for the personnel, 200-300 thousand yen per autonomous unit and 6 million yen for experimentation and research. Thus their new annual budget was over 10 million yen.    Pingfan was evacuated by the Kwantung army. Hundreds of families were forced to move out and sell their land at cheap prices. To increase security this time, people required a special pass to enter Pingfan. Then the airspace over the area became off-limits, excluding IJA aircraft, all violators would be shot down. The new Pingfan complex was within a walled city with more than 70 buildings over a 6 km tract of land. The complex's huge size drew some international attention, and when asked what the structure was, the scientists replied it was a lumber mill. Rather grotesquely, prisoners would be referred to as “maruta” or “logs” to keep up the charade. Suzuki, a Japanese construction company back then, worked day and night to construct the complex.    Now many of you probably know a bit about Unit 731, but did you know it's one of countless units?  The Army's Noborito Laboratory was established (1937) The Central Epidemic Prevention and Water Purification Department of the North China Army/ Unit 1855 was established (1938)  The Central Epidemic Prevention and Water Purification Department of Central China/ Unit 1644 (1939)  Thee Guangzhou Epidemic Prevention and Water Purification Department of South China Army/ Unit 8604 (1942)  The Central Epidemic Prevention and Water Purification Department of the Southern Expeditionary Army/ Unit 9620 (1942).    There were countless others, detachments included Unit 1855 in Beijing, Unit Ei 1644 in Nanjing, Unit 8604 in Guangzhou, and later Unit 9420 in Singapore. All of these units comprised Ishii's network, which, at its height in 1939, oversaw over 10,000 personnel.   Victims were normally brought to Pingfan during the dead of night within crammed freight cars with number logs on top. They were brought into the building via a secret tunnel. According to a witness named Fang Shen Yu, technicians in white lab coats handled the victims who were tied in bags. The victims included anyone charge with a crime, could be anti-japanese activity, opium smoking, espionage, being a communist, homelessness, being mentally handicap, etc. Victims included chinese, Mongolians, Koreans, White Russians, Harbin's jewish population and any Europeans accused of espionage. During the Khabarovsk trial, Major Iijima Yoshia admitted to personally subjecting 40 Soviet citizens to human experimentation. Harbin's diversity provided great research data. Each prisoner was assigned a number starting with 101 and ending at 1500. Onec 1500 was reached, they began again at 101, making it nearly impossible to estimate the total number of victims. Since the complex had been labeled a lumber mill to the locals, most did not worry about it or were too afraid to do so. The prison's warden was Ishii's brother Mitsuo who made sure to keep it all a secret.    Ethics did not exist within Ishii's network of horrors. Everything was done efficiently in the name of science. Pingfang was equipped for disposing the evidence of their work in 3 large incinerators. As a former member who worked with the incinerators recalled “the bodies always burned up fast because all the organ were gone; the bodies were empty”. Human experimentation allowed the researchers their first chance to actually examine the organs of a living person at will to see the progress of a disease. Yeah you heard me right, living person, a lot of the vivisections were done on live people. As one former researcher explained "the results of the effects of infection cannot be obtained accurately once the person dies because putrefactive bacteria set in. Putrefactive bacteria are stronger than plague germs. So, for obtaining accurate results, it is important whether the subject is alive or not." Another former researcher said this “"As soon as the symptoms were observed, the prisoner was taken from his cell and into the dissection room. He was stripped and placed on the table, screaming, trying to fight back. He was strapped down, still screaming frightfully. One of the doctors stuffed a towel into his mouth, then with one quick slice of the scalpel he was opened up." Witnesses of some of these vivisections reported that victims usually let out a horrible scream when the initial cuts were made, but that the voice stops soon after. The researchers often removed the organ of interest, leaving others in the body and the victims usually died of blood loss or because of the removed organ. There are accounts of experiments benign carried out on mothers and children, because yes children were in fact born in the facilities. Many human specimens were placed in jars to be viewed by Tokyo's army medical college. Sometimes these jars were filled with limbs or organs but some giant ones had entire bodies.   Vivisection was conducted on human beings to observe how disease affected each organ once a human dies. According to testimony given by a technician named Ogawa Fukumatsu “I participated in vivisections. I did them every day. I cannot remember the amount of people dissected. At first, I refused to do it. But then, they would not allow me to eat because it was an order; gradually I changed.” Another technician Masakuni Kuri testified  “I did vivisection at the time. Experiments were conducted on a Chinese woman with syphilis. Because she was alive, the blood poured out like water from a tap.”   A report done by Shozo Kondo studied the effects of bubonic plague on humans. The number of subjects was 57 with age ranging from toddlers to 80 years old with mixed gender. The study used fleas carrying plague that were dispersed upon the local population in June of 1940 at Changchun. 7 plague victims were Japanese residents. The report stated the plague spread because of lack of immunity by the townspeople. Subjects' survival time ranged from 2-5 days, with only 3 surviving 12, 18 and 21 days. The subjects were infected with Glandular, Cutaneous or Septicemic plague, but most had the Glandular variety.     In addition to the central units of Pingfang were others set up in Beijing, Nanjing, Guangzhou and Singapore. The total number of personnel was 20,000. These satellite facilities all had their own unique horror stories. One was located in Anda, 100km from Pingfang where outdoor tests for plague, cholera and other pathogens were down. They would expose human subjects to biological bombs, typically by putting 10-40 people in the path of a biological bomb. A lot of the research was done to see the effective radius of the bombs, so victims were placed at different distances. At Xinjing was Unit 100 and its research was done against domesticated animals, horses particularly. Unit 100 was a bacteria factory producing glanders, anthrax and other pathogens. They often ran tests by mixing poisons with food and studied its effects on animals, but they also researched chemical warfare against crops. At Guangzhou was unit 8604 with its HQ at Zhongshan medical university. It is believed starvation tests ran there, such as the water test I mentioned. They also performed typhoid tests and bred rats to spread plague. Witness testimony from a Chinese volunteer states they often dissolved the bodies of victims in acid. In Beijing was Unit 1855 which was a combination of a prison and experiment center. They ran plague, cholera and typhus tests. Prisoners were forced to ingest mixtures of germs and some were vaccinated against the ailments. In Singapore after its capture in February of 1942 there was a secret laboratory. One Mr. Othman Wok gave testimony in the 1990s that when he was 17 years old he was employed to work at this secret lab. He states 7 Chinese, Indian and Malay boys worked in the lab, picking fleas from rats and placing them in containers. Some 40 rat catchers, would haul rats to the lab for the boys to do their work. The containers with fleas went to Japanese researchers and Othman says he saw rats being injected with plague pathogens. The fleas were transferred to kerosene cans which contained dried horse blood and an unidentified chemical left to breed for weeks. Once they had plague infected fleas in large quantity Othman said "A driver who drove the trucks which transported the fleas to the railway station said that these bottles of fleas were sent off to Thailand." If this is true, it gives evidence to claims Unit 731 had a branch in Thailand as well. Othman stated he never understood or knew what was really going on at the lab, but when he read in 1944 about biological attacks on Chongqing using fleas, he decided to leave the lab. Othman states the unit was called Unit 9240.  As you can imagine rats and insects played a large role in all of this. They harvested Manchuria rat population and enlisted schoolchildren to raise them. In the 1990s the Asahi Broadcasting company made a documentary titled “the mystery of the rats that went to the continent”. It involved a small group of high school children in Saitama prefecture asked local farmers if they knew anything about rat farming during the war years. Many stated everybody back then was raising rats, it was a major source of income. One family said they had rat cages piled up in a shed, each cage built to carry 6 rat, but they had no idea what the rats were being used for. Now hear this, after the war, the US military kept these same families in business. The US army unit 406 which was established in Tokyo to research viruses wink wink, would often drive out to these farms in their american jeeps collecting rats.  Getting fleas was a much tricker task. One method was taking older Chinese prisoners and quarantining them with clothes carrying flea or flea eggs and allowing them to live in isolated rooms to cultivate more fleas. These poor guys had to live in filth and not shave for weeks to produce around 100 fleas a day. Now Unit 731 dealt with numerous diseases such as Cholera.  Some experiments used dogs to spread cholera to villages. They would steal dogs from villages, feed them pork laced with cholera germs and return them to the villages. When the disease finished incubating the dogs would vomit and other dogs would come and eat the vomit spread it more and more. The dogs were also stricken with diarrhea and the feces spread it to other dogs as well. 20% of the people in villages hit by this died of the disease. Former army captain Kojima Takeo was a unit member involved in a Cholera campaign and added this testimony "We were told that we were going out on a cholera campaign, and we were all given inoculations against cholera ten days before starting out. Our objective was to infect all the people in the area. The disease had already developed before we got there, and as we moved into the village everyone scattered. The only ones left were those who were too sick to move. The number of people coming down with the disease kept increasing. Cholera produces a face like a skeleton, vomiting, and diarrhea. And the vomiting and defecating of the people lying sick brought flies swarming around. One after the other, people died." I've mentioned it a lot, Plague was a staple of Unit 731. The IJA wanted a disease that was fast and fatal, Cholera for instance took about 20 days, plague on the other hand starts killing in 3 days. Plague also has a very long history of use going back to the medieval times. It was one of the very first diseases Ishii focused on. In october of 1940 a plague attack was conducted against the Kaimingjie area in the port city of Ningbo. This was a joint operation with Unit 731 and the Nanjing based Unit 1644. During this operation plague germs were mixed with wheat, corn, cloth scraps and cotton and dropped from the air. More than 100 people died within a few days of the attack and the affected area was sealed off from the public until the 1960s.  Another horrifying test was the frostbite experiments. Army Engineer Hisato Yoshimura conducted these types of experiments by taking prisoners outside, dipping various appendages into water of varying temperatures and allowing the limbs to freeze. Once frozen, Yoshimura would strike their affected limbs with a short stick and in his words “they would emit a sound resembling that which a board gives when it is struck”. Ice was then chipping away with the affected area being subjected to various treatments, such as being doused in water, exposed to heat and so on. I have to mentioned here, that to my shock there is film of these specific frostbite experiments and one of our animators at Kings and Generals found it, I have seen a lot of things in my day, but seeing this was absolute nightmare fuel. If you have seen the movie or series Snowpiercer, they pretty much nail what it looked like.  Members of Unit 731 referred to Yoshimura as a “scientific devil” and a “cold blooded animal” because he would conduct his work with strictness. Naoji Uezono another member of Unit 731, described in a 1980s interview a disgusting scene where Yoshimura had "two naked men put in an area 40–50 degrees below zero and researchers filmed the whole process until [the subjects] died. [The subjects] suffered such agony they were digging their nails into each other's flesh". Yoshimuras lack of any remorse was evident in an article he wrote for the Journal of Japanese Physiology in 1950 where he admitted to using 20 children and 3 day old infant in experiments which exposed them to zero degree celsius ice and salt water. The article drew criticism and no shit, but Yoshimura denied any guilt when contacted by a reporter from the Mainichi Shimbun. Yoshimura developed a “resistance index of frostbite” based on the mean temperature of 5 - 30 minutes after immersion in freezing water, the temperature of the first rise after immersion and the time until the temperature first rises after immersion. In a number of separate experiments he determined how these parameters depended on the time of day a victim's body part was immersed in freezing water, the surrounding temperature and humidity during immersion, how the victim had been treated before the immersion ("after keeping awake for a night", "after hunger for 24 hours", "after hunger for 48 hours", "immediately after heavy meal", "immediately after hot meal", "immediately after muscular exercise", "immediately after cold bath", "immediately after hot bath"), what type of food the victim had been fed over the five days preceding the immersions with regard to dietary nutrient intake ("high protein (of animal nature)", "high protein (of vegetable nature)", "low protein intake", and "standard diet"), and salt intake. Members of Unit 731 also worked with Syphilis, where they orchestrated forced sex acts between infected and noninfected prisoners to transmit the disease. One testimony given by a prisoner guard was as follows “Infection of venereal disease by injection was abandoned, and the researchers started forcing the prisoners into sexual acts with each other. Four or five unit members, dressed in white laboratory clothing completely covering the body with only eyes and mouth visible, rest covered, handled the tests. A male and female, one infected with syphilis, would be brought together in a cell and forced into sex with each other. It was made clear that anyone resisting would be shot.” After victims were infected, they would be vivisected at differing stages of infection so that the internal and external organs could be observed as the disease progressed. Testimony from multiple guards blamed the female victims as being hosts of the diseases, even as they were forcibly infected. Genitals of female prisoners were infected with syphilis and the guards would call them “jam filled buns”. Even some children were born or grew up in the walls of Unit 731, infected with syphilis. One researcher recalled “one was a Chinese women holding an infant, one was a white russian woman with a daughter of 4 or 5 years of age, and the last was a white russian women with a boy of about 6 or 7”. The children of these women were tested in ways similar to the adults.  There was also of course rape and forced pregnancies as you could guess. Female prisoners were forced to become pregnant for use in experiments. The hypothetical possibility of transmission from mother to child of diseases, particularly syphilis was the rationale for the experiments. Fetal survival and damage to the womans reproductive organs were objects of interest. A large number of babies were born in captivity and there had been no accounts of any survivor of Unit 731, children included. It is suspected that the children of the female prisoners were killed after birth or aborted. One guard gave a testimony “One of the former researchers I located told me that one day he had a human experiment scheduled, but there was still time to kill. So he and another unit member took the keys to the cells and opened one that housed a Chinese woman. One of the unit members raped her; the other member took the keys and opened another cell. There was a Chinese woman in there who had been used in a frostbite experiment. She had several fingers missing and her bones were black, with gangrene set in. He was about to rape her anyway, then he saw that her sex organ was festering, with pus oozing to the surface. He gave up the idea, left and locked the door, then later went on to his experimental work.” In a testimony given on December 28 by witness Furuichi during the Khabarovsk Trial, he described how “a Russian woman was infected with syphilis to allow the scientists to and out how to prevent the spread of the disease.  Many babies were born to women who had been captured and become experimental subjects. Some women were kidnapped while pregnant; others became pregnant aer forced sex acts in the prisons, enabling researchers to study the transmission of venereal disease   Initially Unit 731 and Unit 100 were going to support Japan's Kantokuen plan. The Kantokuen plan an operation plan to be carried out by the Kwantung army to invade the USSR far east, capitalizing on the success of operation barbarossa. Unit 731 and 100 were to prepare bacteriological weapons to help the invasion. The plan was created by the IJA general staff and approved by Emperor Hirohito. It would have involved three-steps to isolate and destroy the Soviet Army and occupy the eastern soviet cities over the course of 6 months. It would have involved heavy use of chemical and biological weapons. The Japanese planned to spread disease using three methods; direct spraying from aircraft, bacteria bombs and saboteurs on the ground. This would have included plague, cholera, typhus and other diseases against troops, civilian populations, livestocks, crops and water supplies. The main targets were Blagoveshchensk, Khabarovsk, Voroshilov, and Chita. If successful the Soviet Far East would be incorporated into Japan's greater east asia co-prosperity sphere. Within Kantokuen documents, Emperor Hirohtio instructed Ishii to increase production rate at the units, for those not convinced Hirohito was deeply involved in some of the worst actions of the war. Yet in the end both Emperor Hirohito and Hideki Tojo pulled their support for the invasion of the USSR and opted for the Nanshin-ron strategy instead.    On August 9th of 1945 the Soviet Union declared war on Japan and invaded Manchuria. In response, the Japanese government ordered all research facilities in Manchuria to be destroyed and to erase all incriminating materials. A skeleton crew began the liquidation of unit 731 on August 9th or 10th, while the rest of the unit evacuated. All test subjects were killed and cremated so no remains would be found. The design of the facilities however, made them hard to destroy via bombing, several parts of the buildings left standing when the Soviets arrived. While most of the unit's staff managed to escape, including Ishii, some were captured by the soviets. Some of these prisoners told the Soviets about the atrocities committed at Pingfang and Changchun. At first the claims seemed so outrageous, the Soviets sent their own Biological Weapons specialists to examine the ruins of Ping Fang. After a thorough investigation, the Soviet experts confirmed the experiments had been done there. The real soviet investigation into the secrets of Unit 731 and 100 began in early 1946, thus information was not readily available during the Tokyo Tribunal. Both the Americans and SOviets had collected evidence during the war that indicated the Japanese were in possession of bacteriological weapons though. Amongst the 600,000 Japanese prisoners of war in the USSR, Major General Kiyoshi Kawashima and Major Tomoio Karasawa would become essential to uncovering the Japanese bacteriological warfare secrets and opening the path to hold the Khabarovsk trial. The Soviets and Americans spent quite a few years performing investigations, many of which led to no arrests. The major reason for this was similar to Operation Paperclip. For those unaware, paperclip was a American secret intelligence program where 1600 German scientists were taken after the war and employed, many of whom were nazi party officials. The most famous of course was Wernher von Braun. When the Americans looked into the Japanese bacteriological work, they were surprised to find the Japanese were ahead of them in some specific areas, notably ones involving human experimentation. General Charles Willoughby of G-2 american intelligence called to attention that all the data extracted from live human testing was out of the reach of the USA. By the end of 1947, with the CCP looking like they might defeat Chiang Kai-Shek and the Soviet Union proving to be their new enemy, the US sought to form an alliance with Japan, and this included their Bacteriological specialists. From October to December, Drs Edwin Hill and Joseph Victor from Camp Detrick were sent to Tokyo to gather information from Ishii and his colleagues. Their final conclusion laid out the importance of continuing to learn from the Japanese teams, and grant them immunity. The British were also receiving some reports from the Americans about the Japanese Bacteriological research and human experimentation. The British agreed with the Americans that the information was invaluable due to the live human beings used in the tests. The UK and US formed some arrangements to retain the information and keep it secret. By late 1948 the Tokyo War Crimes Trial was coming to an end as the cold war tension was heating up in Korea, pushing the US more and more to want to retain the information and keep it all under wraps.  With formal acceptance, final steps were undertaken, much of which was overseen by General Douglas MacArthur. On May 6, 1947, Douglas MacArthur wrote to Washington that "additional data, possibly some statements from Ishii probably can be obtained by informing Japanese involved that information will be retained in intelligence channels and will not be employed as 'War Crimes' evidence.” Ishii and his colleagues received full immunity from the Tokyo War Crimes Trial. Ishii was hired by the US government to lecture American officers at Fort Detrick on bioweapons and the findings made by Unit 731. During the Korean War Ishii reportedly traveled to Korea to take part in alleged American biological warfare activities. On February 22nd of 1952, Ishiiwas explicitly named in a statement made by the North Korean FOreign Minister, claiming he along with other "Japanese bacteriological war criminals had been involved in systematically spreading large quantities of bacteria-carrying insects by aircraft in order to disseminate contagious diseases over our frontline positions and our rear". Ishii would eventually return to Japan, where he opened a clinic, performing examinations and treatments for free. He would die from laryngeal cancer in 1959 and according to his daughter became a Roman Catholic shortly before his death.  According to an investigation by The Guardian, after the war, former members of Unit 731 conducted human experiments on Japanese prisoners, babies, and mental patients under the guise of vaccine development, with covert funding from the U.S. government. Masami Kitaoka, a graduate of Unit 1644, continued performing experiments on unwilling Japanese subjects from 1947 to 1956 while working at Japan's National Institute of Health Sciences. He infected prisoners with rickettsia and mentally ill patients with typhus. Shiro Ishii, the chief of the unit, was granted immunity from prosecution for war crimes by American occupation authorities in exchange for providing them with human experimentation research materials. From 1948 to 1958, less than five percent of these documents were transferred to microfilm and stored in the U.S. National Archives before being shipped back to Japan.

MUSICFoo Fighters are reportedly 'set to take a hiatus' while Dave Grohl works to 'earn back the trust of his family' after his affair scandal.Prince's house from "Purple Rain" is being offered on Airbnb for 25 one-night stays. The house has been transformed into a shrine to both the movie and Prince. His former bandmates Wendy and Lisa helped set it up.  Chappell Roan backed out of a festival gig to, quote, "prioritize my mental health."RIP:Singer, songwriter, award-winning actor and activist Kris Kristofferson died Saturday (September 28th) at his home in Maui, Hawaii at the age of 88.Born June 22,1936 in Brownsville, Texas, Kristofferson was a Rhodes Scholar and entered into the military at the urging of his father who was a Major General in the Air Force.After an honorable discharge he moved to Nashville and worked as a janitor at a recording studio while he pursued a career in songwriting. He got his big break when Johnny Cash recorded his song, “Sunday Morning Coming Down.”Many of the songs he wrote, including “Me and Bobby McGee,” “For the Good Times,” “Lovin' Her Was Easier” and “Help Me Make it Through the Night” became classics. He began a recording career in the 1970s and won four Grammy Awards including two for his work with his then-wife Rita Coolidge. Between 1985 and '95, he recorded three albums as a member of the country supergroup The Highwaymen, with Willie Nelson, Johnny Cash and Waylon Jennings. He was inducted into the Country Music Hall of Fame in 2004.He also had a successful movie career, appearing in more than 90 films, including Blume in Love, Alice Doesn't Live Here Anymore, Semi-Tough and A Star is Born with Barbra Streisand, for which he won a Golden Globe for Best Actor.Starting in the first decade of this century, Kristofferson dealt with a number of health issues, including loss of memory. He was diagnosed first with fibromyalgia and later with Alzheimer's disease, but those were later revealed to have actually been Lyme disease. When he received the correct drugs for it, much of his memory returned.Kristofferson is survived by his wife of 41 years, Lisa; eight children, Tracy, Kris Jr., Casey, Jesse, Jody, John, Kelly, and Blake; and seven grandchildren. They offered this statement on his passing: “It is with a heavy heart that we share the news our husband/father/grandfather, Kris Kristofferson, passed away peacefully on Saturday, September 28th at home. We're all so blessed for our time with him. Thank you for loving him all these many years, and when you see a rainbow, know he's smiling down at us all.” RIP:John Ashton, the actor, best known for his role as Detective Sergeant John Taggart in the Beverly Hills Cop franchise, died at age 76.Follow us @RizzShow @MoonValjeanHere @KingScottRules @LernVsRadio @IamRafeWilliams > Check out King Scott's band @FreeThe2SG and Check out Moon's bands GREEK FIRE @GreekFire GOLDFINGER @GoldfingerMusic THE TEENAGE DIRTBAGS @TheTeenageDbags and Lern's band @LaneNarrows http://www.1057thepoint.com/Rizz Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoicesSee Privacy Policy at https://art19.com/privacy and California Privacy Notice at https://art19.com/privacy#do-not-sell-my-info.

MUSIC Foo Fighters are reportedly 'set to take a hiatus' while Dave Grohl works to 'earn back the trust of his family' after his affair scandal. Prince's house from "Purple Rain" is being offered on Airbnb for 25 one-night stays. The house has been transformed into a shrine to both the movie and Prince. His former bandmates Wendy and Lisa helped set it up.   Chappell Roan backed out of a festival gig to, quote, "prioritize my mental health." RIP: Singer, songwriter, award-winning actor and activist Kris Kristofferson died Saturday (September 28th) at his home in Maui, Hawaii at the age of 88. Born June 22,1936 in Brownsville, Texas, Kristofferson was a Rhodes Scholar and entered into the military at the urging of his father who was a Major General in the Air Force. After an honorable discharge he moved to Nashville and worked as a janitor at a recording studio while he pursued a career in songwriting. He got his big break when Johnny Cash recorded his song, “Sunday Morning Coming Down.” Many of the songs he wrote, including “Me and Bobby McGee,” “For the Good Times,” “Lovin' Her Was Easier” and “Help Me Make it Through the Night” became classics. He began a recording career in the 1970s and won four Grammy Awards including two for his work with his then-wife Rita Coolidge. Between 1985 and '95, he recorded three albums as a member of the country supergroup The Highwaymen, with Willie Nelson, Johnny Cash and Waylon Jennings. He was inducted into the Country Music Hall of Fame in 2004. He also had a successful movie career, appearing in more than 90 films, including Blume in Love, Alice Doesn't Live Here Anymore, Semi-Tough and A Star is Born with Barbra Streisand, for which he won a Golden Globe for Best Actor. Starting in the first decade of this century, Kristofferson dealt with a number of health issues, including loss of memory. He was diagnosed first with fibromyalgia and later with Alzheimer's disease, but those were later revealed to have actually been Lyme disease. When he received the correct drugs for it, much of his memory returned. Kristofferson is survived by his wife of 41 years, Lisa; eight children, Tracy, Kris Jr., Casey, Jesse, Jody, John, Kelly, and Blake; and seven grandchildren. They offered this statement on his passing:  “It is with a heavy heart that we share the news our husband/father/grandfather, Kris Kristofferson, passed away peacefully on Saturday, September 28th at home. We're all so blessed for our time with him. Thank you for loving him all these many years, and when you see a rainbow, know he's smiling down at us all.”  RIP: John Ashton, the actor, best known for his role as Detective Sergeant John Taggart in the Beverly Hills Cop franchise, died at age 76. Follow us @RizzShow @MoonValjeanHere @KingScottRules @LernVsRadio @IamRafeWilliams > Check out King Scott's band @FreeThe2SG and Check out Moon's bands GREEK FIRE @GreekFire GOLDFINGER @GoldfingerMusic THE TEENAGE DIRTBAGS @TheTeenageDbags and Lern's band @LaneNarrows http://www.1057thepoint.com/Rizz Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices

[Slide 1] Turn in your bible to I Corinthians chapter 15. In a moment we will read from the King James Version starting in verse 12. You can follow along in the pew bible starting on page 1297 or in whatever version you prefer. Today, I'll preach a sermon originally delivered by the Prince of Preachers, Charles Haddon Spurgeon. [Slide 2] Who is Charles Spurgeon? Born: June 19, 1834 It was clear from an early age that he was a prodigy. But In spite of his boyhood preaching and reading of theology books, his true conversion did not come until he was 15 years old. Although raised in a congregationalist church that baptized infants, he never believed the scriptures taught this and became a Credobaptist. In 1852 at the age of 17 he became the main preacher of the Baptist Church of Waterbeach. It grew from 40 congregants to 400 in the two years he preached there. In 1854 at the age of 19 he was called to take the pastorate of New Park Street Chapel of Southwark (Sutherk). This was a rather prestigious church which was formerly pastored by Benjamin Keach and John Gill. If those names mean nothing to you… you should go check them out. The church desired to give him the title of reverend which he rejected because he did not find any such title in the scriptures. Aside from his preaching Spurgeon had a magazine called the Sword and the Trowel. In these publications he spoke outwardly and boldly concerning the state of Christendom of his time. He used this venue to criticize the East India Trade Company's treatment of the Indian people, as well as the US Southerners for their acceptance of slavery. He called them kidnappers and even had a former slave speak in his church. In 1856 he established his “Pastor's College” where he endeavored to train Pastors. He did not run the college himself, but did frequently teach the students. Those lectures have been compiled into a book called “Lectures to My Students” which can still be purchased and read today. Spurgeon also opened several orphanages in London to care for street children. By 1861 the church had grown so much they needed to build a new building to accommodate 5000 attenders. The church was renamed the Metropolitan Tabernacle, which still exists today. Because of all of this, he was often ill. He would spend many winters in France to recover strength. One final contributing factor to his poor health came in 1859 when Charles Darwin published his Origin of Species. Although not directly eliminating God from creation, it paved the way for textual criticism and liberalism to emerge within the church. From 1859 on, churches and pastors began questioning the miracles of the scriptures, taking a more allegorical approach to the creation account, and questioning key doctrines such as the sinfulness of man, the truth of the resurrection, the inspiration of the bible, and the substitutionary atonement of Christ's death on the cross. All of this came to a head in 1887 in something called the Downgrade controversy. Spurgeon and his church were part of a collection of Baptist Churches called the Baptist Union. Although the Union was quite broad in their doctrine, Spurgeon began to criticize openly the inclusion of churches within the Union that were espousing the aforementioned liberal teachings. In 1887, Spurgeon published several articles in his Sword and the Trowel magazine arguing for the establishment of the traditional doctrines of plenary inspiration, the truth of the resurrection, the reality of hell and that many men will be punished there forever, and the substitutionary atonement of Christ as necessary doctrines that must be confessed to be a member of the Baptist Union. By the end of 1887, when it became apparent that the Baptist Union had no intention of adopting these doctrinal standards, Spurgeon removed himself and his church from membership. Since Spurgeon's church was easily the largest and most prestigious, this angered the other members of the Baptist Union. In 1888 the Union met and officially censured Spurgeon. They later met and took a vote on whether to adopt Spurgeon's doctrinal standards and the result was 2000 to 7. 2000 churches of the Baptist Union decided not to include these points in their official statement of faith. Four years later, at the age of 57, Spurgeon after suffering a great bout of gout and congestion of the kidneys, passed on into glory. He is still remembered today as the Prince of Preachers. He preached over 2000 sermons and many of them are still in print today. The sermon you will hear today is one which will make even more sense to you now that you know a little about him and the time in which he lived and the wars he was fighting for truth in England. He preached this sermon less than 2 years before he died, hot off the heels of the downgrade controversy. [Slide 3] We will read the text of the sermon today, I will pray, and from that point forward my words will be exclusively from Charles Haddon Spurgeon. He ends his sermon with an amen. At that point I will say, “He is risen!” To which you will reply, He is risen indeed. Then we will be dismissed. So please stand with me to give honor to and focus on the reading of the Word of God. I Corinthians 15 starting in verse 12. “Now if Christ be preached that he rose from the dead, how say some among you that there is no resurrection of the dead? But if there be no resurrection of the dead, then is Christ not risen: and if Christ be not risen, then is our preaching vain, and your faith is also vain. Yea, and we are found false witnesses of God; because we have testified of God that he raised up Christ: whom he raised not up, if so be that the dead rise not. For if the dead rise not, then is not Christ raised: and if Christ be not raised, your faith is vain; ye are yet in your sins. Then they also which are fallen asleep in Christ are perished. If in this life only we have hope in Christ, we are of all men most miserable. — 1 Corinthians xv. 12— 19. [Slide 4] OUR religion is not based upon opinions, but upon facts. We hear persons sometimes saying, “Those are your views, and these are ours.” Whatever your “views” may be, is a small matter; what are the facts of the case? We must, after all, if we want a firm foundation, come down to matters of fact. Now, the great facts of the gospel are that God was incarnate in Christ Jesus, that he lived here a life of holiness and love, that he died upon the cross for our sins, that he was buried in the tomb of Joseph, that the third day he rose again from the dead, that after a while he ascended to his Father's throne where he now sitteth, and that he shall come by-and-by, to be our Judge, and in that day the dead in Christ shall rise by virtue of their union with him. Now, very soon, within the Church of God, there rose up persons who began to dispute about the fundamental and cardinal principles of the faith, and it is so even now. When those outside the Church deny that Christ is the Son of God, deny his atoning sacrifice, and deny his resurrection, we are not at all astonished; they are unbelievers, and they are acting out their own profession. But when men, inside the Church of God, call themselves Christians, and yet deny the resurrection of the dead, then is our soul stirred within us, for it is a most solemn and serious evil to doubt those holy truths. They know not what they do, they cannot see all the result of their unbelief; if they could, one would think that they would start back with horror, and replace the truth, and let it stand where it ought to stand, where God has put it. The resurrection of the dead has been assailed, and is assailed still, by those who are called Christians, even by those who are called Christian ministers, but who, nevertheless, spirit away the very idea of the resurrection of the dead, so that we are to-day in the same condition, to some extent, as the Corinthian church was when, in its very midst, there rose up men, professing to be followers of Christ, who said that there was no resurrection of the dead. The apostle Paul, having borne his witness, and recapitulated the testimony about the resurrection of Christ, goes on to show the horrible consequences which must follow if there be no resurrection of the dead, and if Christ be not risen. He showed this to be a foundation truth; and if it was taken away, much more was gone than they supposed; indeed, everything was gone, as Paul went on to prove. Beloved friends, let us never tamper with the truth of God. I find it as much as I can do to enjoy the comfort of the truth, and to learn the spiritual lessons of God's Word, without setting up to be a critic upon it; and I find it immeasurably more profitable to my own soul believingly to adore, than unbelievingly to invent objections, or even industriously to try to meet them. The meeting of objections is an endless work. When you have killed one regiment of them, there is another regiment coming on; and when you have put to the sword whole legions of doubts, doubters still swarm upon you like the frogs of Egypt. It is a poor business, it answers no practical end; it is better far firmly to believe what you profess to believe, and to follow out to all the blessed consequences every one of the truths which, in your own heart and soul, you have received of the Lord. One of the truths most surely believed among us is that there will be a resurrection of all those who sleep in Christ. There will be a resurrection of the ungodly as well as of the godly. Our Lord Jesus said to the Jews, “Verily, verily, I say unto you, The hour is coming, and now is, when the dead shall hear the voice of the Son of God: and they that hear shall live. For as the Father hath life in himself; so hath he given to the Son to have life in himself; and hath given him authority to execute judgment also, because he is the Son of man. Marvel not at this: for the hour is coming, in the which all that are in the graves shall hear his voice, and shall come forth; they that have done good, unto the resurrection of life; and they that have done evil, unto the resurrection of damnation.” Paul declared before Felix the doctrine of the “resurrection of the dead, both of the just and unjust;” but his argument with the Corinthians specially referred to believers, who will rise from the dead, and stand with Christ in the day of his appearing, quickened with the life that quickened him, and raised up to share the glory which the Father has given to him. [Slide 5] I. Paul's argument begins here, and this will be our first head, IF THERE BE NO RESURRECTION, CHRIST IS NOT RISEN. If the resurrection of the dead is impossible, Christ cannot have risen from the dead. Now, the apostles bore witness that Christ had risen. They had met him, they had been with him, they had seen him eat a piece of a broiled fish and of a honeycomb on one occasion. They had seen him perform acts which could not be performed by a spirit, but which needed that he should be flesh and bones. Indeed, he said, “A spirit hath not flesh and bones, as ye see me have.” One of them put his finger into the print of the nails, and was invited to thrust his hand into Christ's side. He was known by two of them in the breaking of bread, a familiar token by which they recognized him better than by anything else. They heard him speak, they knew the tones of his voice; they were not deceived. On one occasion, five hundred of them saw him at once; or, if there was any possibility of a mistake when they were all together, they were not deceived when they saw him one by one, and entered into very close personal communion with him, each one after a different sort. “Now,” says Paul, “if there be no resurrection of the dead, if that is impossible, then, of course, Christ did not rise; and yet we all assure you that we saw him, and that we were with him, and you have to believe that we are all liars, and that the Christian religion is a lie, or else you must believe that there is a resurrection of the dead.” [Slide 6] “But,” says one, “Christ might rise, and yet not his people.” Not so, according to our faith and firm belief, Christ is one with his people. When Adam sinned, the whole human race fell in him, for they were one with him; in Adam all died. Even those that have not sinned after the similitude of Adam's transgression have, nevertheless, died. Even upon infants the death-sentence has taken effect, because they were one with Adam. There is no separating Adam from his posterity. Now, Christ is the second Adam, and he has a posterity. All believers are one with him, and none can separate them from him. If they do not live, then he did not live; and if he did not rise, then they will not rise. But whatever happened unto him must also happen unto them. They are so welded together, the Head and the members, that there is no dividing them. If he had slept an eternal sleep, then every righteous soul would have done the same, too. If he rose again, they must rise again, for he has taken them unto himself to be part and parcel of his very being. He died that they might live. Because he lives they shall live also, and in his eternal life they must for ever be partakers. This is Paul's first argument, then, for the resurrection of the righteous, that, inasmuch as Christ rose, they must rise, for they are identified with him. [Slide 7] II. But now he proceeds with his subject, not so much arguing upon the resurrection of others as upon the resurrection of Christ; and his next argument is, that, IF THERE BE NO RESURRECTION, APOSTOLIC PREACHING FALLS: “If Christ be not risen, then is our preaching vain” (see the fourteenth verse). “Yea, and we are found false witnesses of God; because we have testified of God that he raised up Christ: whom he raised not up, if so be that the dead rise not.” If Christ was not raised, the apostles were false witnesses. When a man bears false witness, he usually has a motive for doing so. What motive had these men, what did they gain by bearing false witness to Christ's resurrection? It was all loss and no profit to them if he had not risen. They declared in Jerusalem that he had risen from the dead, and straightway men began to haul them to prison, and to put them to death. Those of them who survived bore the same testimony. They were so full of the conviction of it, that they went into distant countries to tell the story of Jesus and his resurrection from the dead. Some went to Rome, some to Spain; probably some came even to this remote island of Britain. Wherever they went, they testified that Christ had risen from the dead, and that they had seen him alive, and that he was the Saviour of all who trusted in him. Thus they always preached, and what became of them? I may say, with Paul, that “they were stoned, they were sawn asunder, were tempted, were slain with the sword: they wandered about in sheepskins and goatskins; being destitute, afflicted, tormented.” They were brought before the Roman Emperor again and again, and before the pro-consuls, and threatened with the most painful of deaths; but not one of them ever withdrew his testimony concerning Christ's resurrection. They still stood to it, that they had known him in life, many of them had been near him in death, and they had all communed with him after his resurrection. They declared that Jesus of Nazareth was the Son of God, that he died and was buried, that he rose again, and that there was salvation for all who believed in him. Were these men false witnesses? If so, they were the most extraordinary false witnesses who ever lived. What were their morals? What kind of men were they? Were they drunkards? Were they adulterers? Were they thieves? Nay; they were the purest and best of mankind; their adversaries could bring no charge against their moral conduct. They were eminently honest, and they spoke with the accent of conviction. As I have already said, they suffered for their testimony. Now, under the law, the witness of two men was to be received; but what shall we say of the witness of five hundred men? If it was true when they first declared that Jesus Christ rose from the dead, it is equally true now. It does not matter though the event happened nearly nineteen hundred years ago; it is just as true now. The apostles bore witness which could not be gainsaid, and so it still stands. We cannot assume that all these apostolic men were false witnesses of God. If we even suppose that they were mistaken about this matter, we must suspect their witness about everything else; and the only logical result is to give up the New Testament altogether. If they were mistaken as to Christ having risen from the dead, they are not credible witnesses upon anything else; and if they are discredited, the whole of our religion falls with them; the Christian faith, and especially all that the apostles built on the resurrection, must be turned out of doors as altogether a delusion. They taught that Christ's rising from the dead was the evidence that his sacrifice was accepted, that he rose again for our justification, that his rising again was the hope of believers in this life, and the assurance of the resurrection of their bodies in the life to come. You must give up all your hope of salvation the moment you doubt the Lord's rising from the dead. As for Paul, who puts himself with the rest of the apostles, and says, “If Christ be not risen, we are found false witnesses of God,” I venture to bring him forward as a solitary witness of the most convincing kind. I need not remind you how he was at first opposed to Christ. He was a Pharisee of the Pharisees, one of the most intolerant members of the sect that hated the very name of Christ. He had a righteousness that surpassed that of the men of his times. He was a religious leader and persecutor; and yet he was so convinced of the appearance of Christ to him on the way to Damascus, that from that time he was completely turned round, and he preached with burning zeal the faith which once he blasphemed. There is an honesty about Paul which convinces at once; and if he had not seen the Saviour risen from the dead, he would not have been the man to say that he did. Dear brethren, you may rest assured that Jesus Christ did rise from the dead. [Slide 8] You cannot put down these good men as impostors; you cannot reckon the apostle Paul among those readily deceived, or among the deceivers of others; so you may be sure that Jesus Christ did rise from the dead, according to the Scriptures. [Slide 9] III. Once more, Paul's argument is that, IF THERE BE NO RESURRECTION, FAITH BECOMES DELUSION. As we have to give up the apostles and all their teaching, if Christ did not rise from the dead, so we must conclude that their hearers believed a lie: “your faith is also vain.” Beloved, I speak to you who have believed in the Lord Jesus Christ, and who are resting in him with great comfort and peace of mind, yea, who have experienced a great change of heart, and a great change in your lives through faith in Christ. Now, if he did not rise from the dead, you are believing a lie. Take this home to yourselves: if he did not literally rise from the dead on the third day, this faith of yours, that gives you comfort, this faith which has renewed you in heart and life, this faith which you believe is leading you home to heaven, must be abandoned as a sheer delusion; your faith is fixed on a falsehood. Oh, dreadful inference! But the inference is clearly true if Christ is not risen; you are risking your soul on a falsehood if Christ did not rise from the dead. [Slide 10] This is a solemn statement. I said last Sabbath, and I repeat it,— “Upon a life I did not live, Upon a death I did not die, I risk my whole eternity.” It is so. If Jesus Christ did not die for me, and did not rise again for me, I am lost; I have not a ray of comfort from any other direction; I have no dependence on anything else but Jesus crucified and risen; and if that sheet-anchor fails, everything fails with it, in my case; and so it must in yours. “Your faith is also vain,” wrote Paul to the Corinthians, for, if Christ is not risen, the trial will be too great for faith to endure, since it has for the very keystone of the arch the resurrection of Christ from the dead. If he did not rise, your faith rests on what never happened, and is not true; and certainly your faith will not bear that, or any other trial. There comes to the believer, every now and then, a time of great testing. Did you ever lie, as I have done several times, upon the brink of eternity, full of pain, almost over the border of this world, fronting eternity, looking into the dread abyss? There, unless you are sure about the foundation of your faith, you are in an evil case indeed. Unless you have a solid rock beneath you then, your hope will shrink away to nothing, and your confidence will depart. When you are sure that “the Lord is risen, indeed,” then you feel that there is something beneath your foot that does not stir. If Jesus died for you, and Jesus rose for you, then, my dear brother, you are not afraid even of that tremendous day when the earth shall be burned up, and the elements shall melt with fervent heat. You feel a confidence that will bear even that test. If Christ did not rise from the dead, and you are resting your soul on the belief that he did rise, what a failure it will be for you in another world, what disappointment when you do not wake up in his likeness, what dismay if there should be no pardon of sin, no salvation through the precious blood! If Christ is not risen, your faith is vain. If it is vain, give it up; do not hold on to a thing that is not true. I would sooner plunge into the water, and swim or wade through the river, than I would trust myself to a rotten bridge that would break down in the middle. [Slide 11] If Christ did not rise, do not trust him, for such faith is vain; but, if you believe that he did die for you, and did rise again for you, then believe in him, joyously confident that such a fact as this affords a solid basis for your belief. [Slide 12] IV. Now I am going to advance a little further. Paul says next that, IF THERE BE NO RESURRECTION, THEY REMAINED IN THEIR SINS: “If Christ be not raised, your faith is vain; ye are yet in your sins.” Ah! can ye bear that thought, my beloved in Christ, that ye are yet in your sins? I think that the bare suggestion takes hold upon you, terrifies you, and chills your blood. A little while ago, you were in your sins, dead in them, covered with them as with a crimson robe, you were condemned, lost. But now, you believe that Christ has brought you out of your sins, and washed you and made you white in his precious blood; ay, and has so changed you that sin shall not have dominion over you, for now you are by grace a child of God. Well, but, if Christ did not rise again, you are yet in your sins. [Slide 13] Observe that; for then there is no atonement made; at least, no satisfactory atonement. If the atonement of Christ for sin had been unsatisfactory, he would have remained in the grave. He went there on our behalf, a hostage for us; and if what he did upon the tree had not satisfied the justice of God, then he would never have come out of the grave again. Think for a minute what our position would be, if I stood here to preach only a dead and buried Christ! He died nearly nineteen hundred years ago; but suppose he had never been heard of since. If he had not risen from the dead, could you have confidence in him? You would say, “How do we know that his sacrifice was accepted?” We sing right truly,— “If Jesus ne'er had paid the debt, He ne'er had been at freedom set.” The Surety would have been under bonds unless he had discharged all his liability; but he has done so, and he has risen from the dead,— “And now both the Surety and sinner are free.” Understand clearly what I am saying. The Lord Jesus Christ, the Son of God, took upon himself the sum total of the guilt of all his people. “The Lord hath made to meet upon him the iniquity of us all.” He died, and by his death obtained the full discharge of all our obligations. But his rising again was, so to speak, the receipt in full, the token that he had discharged the whole of the dread liabilities which he had taken upon himself; and now, since Christ is risen, you who believe in him are not in your sins. But, if he had not risen, then it would have been true, “Ye are yet in your sins.” [Slide 14] It would have been true, also, in another sense. The life by which true believers live is the resurrection-life of him who said, “Because I live, ye shall live also.” But if Christ is not risen, there is no life for those who are in him. If he were still slumbering in the grave, where would have been the life that now makes us joyful, and makes us aspire after heavenly things? There would have been no life for you if there had not first been life for him. “Now is Christ risen from the dead,” and in him you rise into newness of life; but, if he did not rise, you are still dead, still under sin, still without the divine life, still without the life immortal and eternal that is to be your life in heaven throughout eternity. So, you see, once more, the consequences that follow: “If Christ be not raised, your faith is vain; ye are yet in your sins.” [Slide 15] V. Now follows, if possible, a still more terrible consequence. IF THERE BE NO RESURRECTION, ALL THE PIOUS DEAD HAVE PERISHED: “Then they also which are fallen asleep in Christ are perished.” “Perished”, by which is not meant “annihilated”; they are in a worse condition than that. [Slide 16] One phrase must be explained by the other which went before it; if Jesus Christ is not risen, they are yet in their sins. They died, and they told us that they were blood-washed and forgiven; and that they hoped to see the face of God with joy; but if Christ rose not from the dead, there is no sinner who has gone to heaven, there is no saint who ever died, who has had any real hope; he has died under a delusion, and he has perished. If Jesus Christ be not raised, the godly dead are yet in their sins, and they can never rise; for, if Christ did not rise from the dead, they cannot rise from the dead. Only through his resurrection is there resurrection for the saints. The ungodly shall rise to shame and everlasting contempt; but believers shall rise into eternal life and felicity because of their oneness with Christ; but, if he did not rise, they cannot rise. If he is dead, they must be dead, for they must share with him. They are, they ever must be, one with him; and all the saints who ever died, died under a mistake if Christ did not rise. We cast away the thought with abhorrence. Many of us have had beloved parents and friends who have died in the Lord, and we know that the full assurance of their faith was no mistake. We have seen dear children die in sure and certain hope of a glorious resurrection; and we know that it was no error on their part. I have stood by many death-beds of believers, many triumphant, and many more peaceful and calm as a sweet summer evening. They were not mistaken. No, dear sirs, believing in Christ, who lived, and died, and rose again, they had confidence in the midst of pain, and joy in the hour of their departure. [Slide 17] We cannot believe that they were mistaken; therefore we are confident that Jesus Christ did rise from the dead. [Slide 18] VI. Once more, IF THERE BE NO RESURRECTION, OUR SOURCE OF JOY IS GONE. If Jesus did not rise from the dead, we, who believe that he did, are of all men the most miserable: “If in this life only we have hope in Christ,” and we certainly have no hope of any other life, apart from Christ, “we are of all men most miserable.” What does Paul mean? That Christian men are more miserable than others, if they are mistaken? No, he does not mean that; for even the mistake, if it be a mistake, gives them joy; the error, if it be an error, yields them a present confidence and peace. But supposing they are sure that they are under an error, that they have made a mistake, their comfort is gone, and they are of all men the most miserable. Believers have given up sensuous joys [Slide 19] And, more than that, we have now learned superior things. We have learned to love holiness, and we seek after it. We have learned to love communion with God, and it has become our heaven to talk with our Father and our Saviour. We now look after things which are spiritual; and we try to handle the things that are carnal as they should be handled, as things to be used, but not abused. Now if, after having tasted these superior joys, they all turn out to be nothing, and they must turn out to be nothing if Jesus did not rise from the dead, then we are indeed of all men the most miserable. More than that, we have had high hopes, hopes that have made our hearts leap for joy. We have been ready sometimes to go straight away out of the body, with high delights and raptures, in the expectation of being “with Christ, which is far better.” We have said, “Though after my skin worms destroy this body, yet in my flesh shall I see God: whom I shall see for myself, and mine eyes shall behold, and not another.” We have been transported with the full conviction that our eyes “shall see the King in his beauty: they shall behold the land that is very far off;” and if that be not sure, if it can be proved that our hopes are vain, then are we of all men the most miserable. [Slide 20] You will wonder why I have been so long in bringing out these points, and what I am driving at. Well, what I am driving at is this. After all, everything hinges upon a fact, an ancient fact, and if that fact is not a fact, it is all up with us. If Jesus Christ did not rise from the dead, then his gospel is all exploded. What I want you to notice is this, that there must be a basis of fact in our religion; these things must be facts, or else nothing can give us consolation. [Slide 21] Our eternal hopes do not depend upon our moral condition; for, observe, these men in Corinth would not have been better or worse if Christ had not risen from the dead. Their character was just the same. It had been fashioned, it is true, by a belief that he did rise from the dead; but whether he did or did not, they were just the same men, so that their hope did not depend upon their good moral condition. The apostle does not say, “If you are or are not in such and such a moral condition,” but, “If Christ be not raised, your faith is vain; ye are yet in your sins.” So, my beloved, the reason of your being safe will be that Christ died for you, and that he rose again; it is not the result of what you are, but of what he did. The hinge of it all is not in you: it is in him, and you are to place your reliance, not upon what you are, or hope to be, but wholly and entirely upon a great fact which transpired nearly nineteen hundred years ago. If he did not rise from the dead, you are in your sins still, be you as good as you may; but if he did rise from the dead, and you are one with him, you are not in your sins; they are all put away, and you are “accepted in the Beloved.” [Slide 22] Now I go a step further. The great hope you have does not hinge even upon your spiritual state. You must be born again; you must have a new heart and a right spirit, or else you cannot lay hold of Christ, and he is not yours; but still, your ultimate hope is not in what you are spiritually, but in what he is. When darkness comes over your soul, and you say, “I am afraid I am not converted,” still believe in him who rose from the dead; and when, after you have had a sight of yourself, you are drifting away to dark despair, still cling to him who loved you, and gave himself for you, and rose again from the dead for you. If you believe that Christ is risen from the dead, and if this be the foundation of your hope of heaven, that hope stands just as sure, whether you are bright or whether you are dull, whether you can sing or whether you are forced to sigh, whether you can run or whether you are a broken-legged cripple, only able to lie at Christ's feet. If he died for you, and rose again for you, there is the groundwork of your confidence, and I pray you, keep to it. Do you see how Paul insists upon this? “If Christ be not raised, your faith is vain; ye are yet in your sins.” The inference is that, if Christ be raised, and you have faith in him, your faith is not vain, and you are not in your sins, you are saved. Your hope must not be here, in what your hands can do, but there, on yonder cross, in what he did, and there, on yonder throne, in him who has risen again for your justification. [Slide 23] The hardest thing in the world seems to be to keep people to this truth, for I have noticed that much of the modern-thought doctrine is nothing but old self-righteousness tricked out again. It is bidding men still to trust in themselves, to trust in their moral character, to trust in their spiritual aspirations, or something or other. I stand here to-night to say to you that the basis of your hope is not even your own faith, much less your own good works; but it is what Christ has done once for all, for “ye are complete in him,” and you can never be complete in any other way. Here, again, I would have you notice that Paul does not say that your being forgiven and saved depends upon your sincerity and your earnestness. You must be sincere and earnest; Christ is not yours if you are not; but still, you may be very sincere, and very earnest, and yet be wrong all the while; and the more sincere and earnest you are in a wrong way, the further you will go astray. The self-righteous man may be very sincere as he goes about to establish a righteousness of his own; but the more he does it, the more he ruins himself. But here is the mark for you to aim at, not at your sincerity, though there must be that; but if Christ was raised, and that is where you are resting your hopes, then you are not in your sins, but you are accepted in Christ, and justified in him. This is where I stand, and I pray every believer to keep here. There are many new discoveries made in science; we are pleased to hear it. I hope that we shall be able to travel more quickly, and pay less for it. I hope that we shall have better light, and that it will not be so expensive. The more true science, the better; but when science comes in to tell me that it has discovered anything about the way to heaven, then I have a deaf ear to it. “If Christ be not risen, then is our preaching vain, and your faith is also vain; ye are yet in your sins.” But if Christ be risen, then I know where I am. If it be really so, that he is God in human flesh; if he took my sin, and bore the consequences of it, and made a clear sweep of it from before the judgment-seat of the Most High; and if his rising again is God's testimony that the work is done, and that Christ, who stood as Substitute for me, is accepted for me, oh, hallelujah, hallelujah! What more do I need, but to praise and bless the name of him who has saved me with an effectual salvation? Now will I work for him. Now will I spend and be spent in his service. Now will I hate every false way, and every sin, and seek after purity and holiness; but not, in any sense, as the groundwork of my confidence. My one hope for time and eternity is Jesus, only Jesus; Jesus crucified and risen from the dead. [Slide 24] I do not know any passage of Scripture which, more thoroughly than this one, throws the stress where the stress must be, not on man, but on Christ alone: “If there be no resurrection of the dead, then is Christ not risen: and if Christ be not risen, then is our preaching vain, and your faith is also vain.” O dear hearer, if you would be saved, your salvation does not lie with yourself, but with him who left his Father's bosom, and came down to earth as a babe at Bethlehem, and hung upon a woman's breast; upon him who lived here, for thirty three years, a life of suffering and of toil, and who then took all the sin of his people upon himself, carried it up to the tree, and there bore all the consequences of it in his own body,— “Bore all that Almighty God could bear, With strength enough, but none to spare.” Jesus Christ bore that which has made God's pardon an act of justice, and vindicated his forgiveness of sin so that none can say that he is unjust when he passes by transgression. Christ did all that; and then, dying, was laid in the tomb, but, the third day, his Father raised him from the dead in token that he spoke the truth when he said, on the cross, “It is finished.” The debt is paid now; then, O sinner, leave your prison, for your debt is paid! Are you shut up in despair on account of your debt of sin? It is all discharged if you have believed in him who was raised from the dead. He has taken all your sin, and you are free. That handwriting of ordinances that was against you is nailed to his cross. Go your way, and sing, “The Lord is risen indeed,” and be as happy as all the birds in the air, till you are, by and by, as happy as the angels in heaven, through Jesus Christ our Lord. Amen. [Slide 25(end)] HE IS RISEN!

[Slide 1] Turn in your bible to I Corinthians chapter 15. In a moment we will read from the King James Version starting in verse 12. You can follow along in the pew bible starting on page 1297 or in whatever version you prefer. Today, I'll preach a sermon originally delivered by the Prince of Preachers, Charles Haddon Spurgeon. [Slide 2] Who is Charles Spurgeon? Born: June 19, 1834 It was clear from an early age that he was a prodigy. But In spite of his boyhood preaching and reading of theology books, his true conversion did not come until he was 15 years old. Although raised in a congregationalist church that baptized infants, he never believed the scriptures taught this and became a Credobaptist. In 1852 at the age of 17 he became the main preacher of the Baptist Church of Waterbeach. It grew from 40 congregants to 400 in the two years he preached there. In 1854 at the age of 19 he was called to take the pastorate of New Park Street Chapel of Southwark (Sutherk). This was a rather prestigious church which was formerly pastored by Benjamin Keach and John Gill. If those names mean nothing to you… you should go check them out. The church desired to give him the title of reverend which he rejected because he did not find any such title in the scriptures. Aside from his preaching Spurgeon had a magazine called the Sword and the Trowel. In these publications he spoke outwardly and boldly concerning the state of Christendom of his time. He used this venue to criticize the East India Trade Company's treatment of the Indian people, as well as the US Southerners for their acceptance of slavery. He called them kidnappers and even had a former slave speak in his church. In 1856 he established his “Pastor's College” where he endeavored to train Pastors. He did not run the college himself, but did frequently teach the students. Those lectures have been compiled into a book called “Lectures to My Students” which can still be purchased and read today. Spurgeon also opened several orphanages in London to care for street children. By 1861 the church had grown so much they needed to build a new building to accommodate 5000 attenders. The church was renamed the Metropolitan Tabernacle, which still exists today. Because of all of this, he was often ill. He would spend many winters in France to recover strength. One final contributing factor to his poor health came in 1859 when Charles Darwin published his Origin of Species. Although not directly eliminating God from creation, it paved the way for textual criticism and liberalism to emerge within the church. From 1859 on, churches and pastors began questioning the miracles of the scriptures, taking a more allegorical approach to the creation account, and questioning key doctrines such as the sinfulness of man, the truth of the resurrection, the inspiration of the bible, and the substitutionary atonement of Christ's death on the cross. All of this came to a head in 1887 in something called the Downgrade controversy. Spurgeon and his church were part of a collection of Baptist Churches called the Baptist Union. Although the Union was quite broad in their doctrine, Spurgeon began to criticize openly the inclusion of churches within the Union that were espousing the aforementioned liberal teachings. In 1887, Spurgeon published several articles in his Sword and the Trowel magazine arguing for the establishment of the traditional doctrines of plenary inspiration, the truth of the resurrection, the reality of hell and that many men will be punished there forever, and the substitutionary atonement of Christ as necessary doctrines that must be confessed to be a member of the Baptist Union. By the end of 1887, when it became apparent that the Baptist Union had no intention of adopting these doctrinal standards, Spurgeon removed himself and his church from membership. Since Spurgeon's church was easily the largest and most prestigious, this angered the other members of the Baptist Union. In 1888 the Union met and officially censured Spurgeon. They later met and took a vote on whether to adopt Spurgeon's doctrinal standards and the result was 2000 to 7. 2000 churches of the Baptist Union decided not to include these points in their official statement of faith. Four years later, at the age of 57, Spurgeon after suffering a great bout of gout and congestion of the kidneys, passed on into glory. He is still remembered today as the Prince of Preachers. He preached over 2000 sermons and many of them are still in print today. The sermon you will hear today is one which will make even more sense to you now that you know a little about him and the time in which he lived and the wars he was fighting for truth in England. He preached this sermon less than 2 years before he died, hot off the heels of the downgrade controversy. [Slide 3] We will read the text of the sermon today, I will pray, and from that point forward my words will be exclusively from Charles Haddon Spurgeon. He ends his sermon with an amen. At that point I will say, “He is risen!” To which you will reply, He is risen indeed. Then we will be dismissed. So please stand with me to give honor to and focus on the reading of the Word of God. I Corinthians 15 starting in verse 12. “Now if Christ be preached that he rose from the dead, how say some among you that there is no resurrection of the dead? But if there be no resurrection of the dead, then is Christ not risen: and if Christ be not risen, then is our preaching vain, and your faith is also vain. Yea, and we are found false witnesses of God; because we have testified of God that he raised up Christ: whom he raised not up, if so be that the dead rise not. For if the dead rise not, then is not Christ raised: and if Christ be not raised, your faith is vain; ye are yet in your sins. Then they also which are fallen asleep in Christ are perished. If in this life only we have hope in Christ, we are of all men most miserable. — 1 Corinthians xv. 12— 19. [Slide 4] OUR religion is not based upon opinions, but upon facts. We hear persons sometimes saying, “Those are your views, and these are ours.” Whatever your “views” may be, is a small matter; what are the facts of the case? We must, after all, if we want a firm foundation, come down to matters of fact. Now, the great facts of the gospel are that God was incarnate in Christ Jesus, that he lived here a life of holiness and love, that he died upon the cross for our sins, that he was buried in the tomb of Joseph, that the third day he rose again from the dead, that after a while he ascended to his Father's throne where he now sitteth, and that he shall come by-and-by, to be our Judge, and in that day the dead in Christ shall rise by virtue of their union with him. Now, very soon, within the Church of God, there rose up persons who began to dispute about the fundamental and cardinal principles of the faith, and it is so even now. When those outside the Church deny that Christ is the Son of God, deny his atoning sacrifice, and deny his resurrection, we are not at all astonished; they are unbelievers, and they are acting out their own profession. But when men, inside the Church of God, call themselves Christians, and yet deny the resurrection of the dead, then is our soul stirred within us, for it is a most solemn and serious evil to doubt those holy truths. They know not what they do, they cannot see all the result of their unbelief; if they could, one would think that they would start back with horror, and replace the truth, and let it stand where it ought to stand, where God has put it. The resurrection of the dead has been assailed, and is assailed still, by those who are called Christians, even by those who are called Christian ministers, but who, nevertheless, spirit away the very idea of the resurrection of the dead, so that we are to-day in the same condition, to some extent, as the Corinthian church was when, in its very midst, there rose up men, professing to be followers of Christ, who said that there was no resurrection of the dead. The apostle Paul, having borne his witness, and recapitulated the testimony about the resurrection of Christ, goes on to show the horrible consequences which must follow if there be no resurrection of the dead, and if Christ be not risen. He showed this to be a foundation truth; and if it was taken away, much more was gone than they supposed; indeed, everything was gone, as Paul went on to prove. Beloved friends, let us never tamper with the truth of God. I find it as much as I can do to enjoy the comfort of the truth, and to learn the spiritual lessons of God's Word, without setting up to be a critic upon it; and I find it immeasurably more profitable to my own soul believingly to adore, than unbelievingly to invent objections, or even industriously to try to meet them. The meeting of objections is an endless work. When you have killed one regiment of them, there is another regiment coming on; and when you have put to the sword whole legions of doubts, doubters still swarm upon you like the frogs of Egypt. It is a poor business, it answers no practical end; it is better far firmly to believe what you profess to believe, and to follow out to all the blessed consequences every one of the truths which, in your own heart and soul, you have received of the Lord. One of the truths most surely believed among us is that there will be a resurrection of all those who sleep in Christ. There will be a resurrection of the ungodly as well as of the godly. Our Lord Jesus said to the Jews, “Verily, verily, I say unto you, The hour is coming, and now is, when the dead shall hear the voice of the Son of God: and they that hear shall live. For as the Father hath life in himself; so hath he given to the Son to have life in himself; and hath given him authority to execute judgment also, because he is the Son of man. Marvel not at this: for the hour is coming, in the which all that are in the graves shall hear his voice, and shall come forth; they that have done good, unto the resurrection of life; and they that have done evil, unto the resurrection of damnation.” Paul declared before Felix the doctrine of the “resurrection of the dead, both of the just and unjust;” but his argument with the Corinthians specially referred to believers, who will rise from the dead, and stand with Christ in the day of his appearing, quickened with the life that quickened him, and raised up to share the glory which the Father has given to him. [Slide 5] I. Paul's argument begins here, and this will be our first head, IF THERE BE NO RESURRECTION, CHRIST IS NOT RISEN. If the resurrection of the dead is impossible, Christ cannot have risen from the dead. Now, the apostles bore witness that Christ had risen. They had met him, they had been with him, they had seen him eat a piece of a broiled fish and of a honeycomb on one occasion. They had seen him perform acts which could not be performed by a spirit, but which needed that he should be flesh and bones. Indeed, he said, “A spirit hath not flesh and bones, as ye see me have.” One of them put his finger into the print of the nails, and was invited to thrust his hand into Christ's side. He was known by two of them in the breaking of bread, a familiar token by which they recognized him better than by anything else. They heard him speak, they knew the tones of his voice; they were not deceived. On one occasion, five hundred of them saw him at once; or, if there was any possibility of a mistake when they were all together, they were not deceived when they saw him one by one, and entered into very close personal communion with him, each one after a different sort. “Now,” says Paul, “if there be no resurrection of the dead, if that is impossible, then, of course, Christ did not rise; and yet we all assure you that we saw him, and that we were with him, and you have to believe that we are all liars, and that the Christian religion is a lie, or else you must believe that there is a resurrection of the dead.” [Slide 6] “But,” says one, “Christ might rise, and yet not his people.” Not so, according to our faith and firm belief, Christ is one with his people. When Adam sinned, the whole human race fell in him, for they were one with him; in Adam all died. Even those that have not sinned after the similitude of Adam's transgression have, nevertheless, died. Even upon infants the death-sentence has taken effect, because they were one with Adam. There is no separating Adam from his posterity. Now, Christ is the second Adam, and he has a posterity. All believers are one with him, and none can separate them from him. If they do not live, then he did not live; and if he did not rise, then they will not rise. But whatever happened unto him must also happen unto them. They are so welded together, the Head and the members, that there is no dividing them. If he had slept an eternal sleep, then every righteous soul would have done the same, too. If he rose again, they must rise again, for he has taken them unto himself to be part and parcel of his very being. He died that they might live. Because he lives they shall live also, and in his eternal life they must for ever be partakers. This is Paul's first argument, then, for the resurrection of the righteous, that, inasmuch as Christ rose, they must rise, for they are identified with him. [Slide 7] II. But now he proceeds with his subject, not so much arguing upon the resurrection of others as upon the resurrection of Christ; and his next argument is, that, IF THERE BE NO RESURRECTION, APOSTOLIC PREACHING FALLS: “If Christ be not risen, then is our preaching vain” (see the fourteenth verse). “Yea, and we are found false witnesses of God; because we have testified of God that he raised up Christ: whom he raised not up, if so be that the dead rise not.” If Christ was not raised, the apostles were false witnesses. When a man bears false witness, he usually has a motive for doing so. What motive had these men, what did they gain by bearing false witness to Christ's resurrection? It was all loss and no profit to them if he had not risen. They declared in Jerusalem that he had risen from the dead, and straightway men began to haul them to prison, and to put them to death. Those of them who survived bore the same testimony. They were so full of the conviction of it, that they went into distant countries to tell the story of Jesus and his resurrection from the dead. Some went to Rome, some to Spain; probably some came even to this remote island of Britain. Wherever they went, they testified that Christ had risen from the dead, and that they had seen him alive, and that he was the Saviour of all who trusted in him. Thus they always preached, and what became of them? I may say, with Paul, that “they were stoned, they were sawn asunder, were tempted, were slain with the sword: they wandered about in sheepskins and goatskins; being destitute, afflicted, tormented.” They were brought before the Roman Emperor again and again, and before the pro-consuls, and threatened with the most painful of deaths; but not one of them ever withdrew his testimony concerning Christ's resurrection. They still stood to it, that they had known him in life, many of them had been near him in death, and they had all communed with him after his resurrection. They declared that Jesus of Nazareth was the Son of God, that he died and was buried, that he rose again, and that there was salvation for all who believed in him. Were these men false witnesses? If so, they were the most extraordinary false witnesses who ever lived. What were their morals? What kind of men were they? Were they drunkards? Were they adulterers? Were they thieves? Nay; they were the purest and best of mankind; their adversaries could bring no charge against their moral conduct. They were eminently honest, and they spoke with the accent of conviction. As I have already said, they suffered for their testimony. Now, under the law, the witness of two men was to be received; but what shall we say of the witness of five hundred men? If it was true when they first declared that Jesus Christ rose from the dead, it is equally true now. It does not matter though the event happened nearly nineteen hundred years ago; it is just as true now. The apostles bore witness which could not be gainsaid, and so it still stands. We cannot assume that all these apostolic men were false witnesses of God. If we even suppose that they were mistaken about this matter, we must suspect their witness about everything else; and the only logical result is to give up the New Testament altogether. If they were mistaken as to Christ having risen from the dead, they are not credible witnesses upon anything else; and if they are discredited, the whole of our religion falls with them; the Christian faith, and especially all that the apostles built on the resurrection, must be turned out of doors as altogether a delusion. They taught that Christ's rising from the dead was the evidence that his sacrifice was accepted, that he rose again for our justification, that his rising again was the hope of believers in this life, and the assurance of the resurrection of their bodies in the life to come. You must give up all your hope of salvation the moment you doubt the Lord's rising from the dead. As for Paul, who puts himself with the rest of the apostles, and says, “If Christ be not risen, we are found false witnesses of God,” I venture to bring him forward as a solitary witness of the most convincing kind. I need not remind you how he was at first opposed to Christ. He was a Pharisee of the Pharisees, one of the most intolerant members of the sect that hated the very name of Christ. He had a righteousness that surpassed that of the men of his times. He was a religious leader and persecutor; and yet he was so convinced of the appearance of Christ to him on the way to Damascus, that from that time he was completely turned round, and he preached with burning zeal the faith which once he blasphemed. There is an honesty about Paul which convinces at once; and if he had not seen the Saviour risen from the dead, he would not have been the man to say that he did. Dear brethren, you may rest assured that Jesus Christ did rise from the dead. [Slide 8] You cannot put down these good men as impostors; you cannot reckon the apostle Paul among those readily deceived, or among the deceivers of others; so you may be sure that Jesus Christ did rise from the dead, according to the Scriptures. [Slide 9] III. Once more, Paul's argument is that, IF THERE BE NO RESURRECTION, FAITH BECOMES DELUSION. As we have to give up the apostles and all their teaching, if Christ did not rise from the dead, so we must conclude that their hearers believed a lie: “your faith is also vain.” Beloved, I speak to you who have believed in the Lord Jesus Christ, and who are resting in him with great comfort and peace of mind, yea, who have experienced a great change of heart, and a great change in your lives through faith in Christ. Now, if he did not rise from the dead, you are believing a lie. Take this home to yourselves: if he did not literally rise from the dead on the third day, this faith of yours, that gives you comfort, this faith which has renewed you in heart and life, this faith which you believe is leading you home to heaven, must be abandoned as a sheer delusion; your faith is fixed on a falsehood. Oh, dreadful inference! But the inference is clearly true if Christ is not risen; you are risking your soul on a falsehood if Christ did not rise from the dead. [Slide 10] This is a solemn statement. I said last Sabbath, and I repeat it,— “Upon a life I did not live, Upon a death I did not die, I risk my whole eternity.” It is so. If Jesus Christ did not die for me, and did not rise again for me, I am lost; I have not a ray of comfort from any other direction; I have no dependence on anything else but Jesus crucified and risen; and if that sheet-anchor fails, everything fails with it, in my case; and so it must in yours. “Your faith is also vain,” wrote Paul to the Corinthians, for, if Christ is not risen, the trial will be too great for faith to endure, since it has for the very keystone of the arch the resurrection of Christ from the dead. If he did not rise, your faith rests on what never happened, and is not true; and certainly your faith will not bear that, or any other trial. There comes to the believer, every now and then, a time of great testing. Did you ever lie, as I have done several times, upon the brink of eternity, full of pain, almost over the border of this world, fronting eternity, looking into the dread abyss? There, unless you are sure about the foundation of your faith, you are in an evil case indeed. Unless you have a solid rock beneath you then, your hope will shrink away to nothing, and your confidence will depart. When you are sure that “the Lord is risen, indeed,” then you feel that there is something beneath your foot that does not stir. If Jesus died for you, and Jesus rose for you, then, my dear brother, you are not afraid even of that tremendous day when the earth shall be burned up, and the elements shall melt with fervent heat. You feel a confidence that will bear even that test. If Christ did not rise from the dead, and you are resting your soul on the belief that he did rise, what a failure it will be for you in another world, what disappointment when you do not wake up in his likeness, what dismay if there should be no pardon of sin, no salvation through the precious blood! If Christ is not risen, your faith is vain. If it is vain, give it up; do not hold on to a thing that is not true. I would sooner plunge into the water, and swim or wade through the river, than I would trust myself to a rotten bridge that would break down in the middle. [Slide 11] If Christ did not rise, do not trust him, for such faith is vain; but, if you believe that he did die for you, and did rise again for you, then believe in him, joyously confident that such a fact as this affords a solid basis for your belief. [Slide 12] IV. Now I am going to advance a little further. Paul says next that, IF THERE BE NO RESURRECTION, THEY REMAINED IN THEIR SINS: “If Christ be not raised, your faith is vain; ye are yet in your sins.” Ah! can ye bear that thought, my beloved in Christ, that ye are yet in your sins? I think that the bare suggestion takes hold upon you, terrifies you, and chills your blood. A little while ago, you were in your sins, dead in them, covered with them as with a crimson robe, you were condemned, lost. But now, you believe that Christ has brought you out of your sins, and washed you and made you white in his precious blood; ay, and has so changed you that sin shall not have dominion over you, for now you are by grace a child of God. Well, but, if Christ did not rise again, you are yet in your sins. [Slide 13] Observe that; for then there is no atonement made; at least, no satisfactory atonement. If the atonement of Christ for sin had been unsatisfactory, he would have remained in the grave. He went there on our behalf, a hostage for us; and if what he did upon the tree had not satisfied the justice of God, then he would never have come out of the grave again. Think for a minute what our position would be, if I stood here to preach only a dead and buried Christ! He died nearly nineteen hundred years ago; but suppose he had never been heard of since. If he had not risen from the dead, could you have confidence in him? You would say, “How do we know that his sacrifice was accepted?” We sing right truly,— “If Jesus ne'er had paid the debt, He ne'er had been at freedom set.” The Surety would have been under bonds unless he had discharged all his liability; but he has done so, and he has risen from the dead,— “And now both the Surety and sinner are free.” Understand clearly what I am saying. The Lord Jesus Christ, the Son of God, took upon himself the sum total of the guilt of all his people. “The Lord hath made to meet upon him the iniquity of us all.” He died, and by his death obtained the full discharge of all our obligations. But his rising again was, so to speak, the receipt in full, the token that he had discharged the whole of the dread liabilities which he had taken upon himself; and now, since Christ is risen, you who believe in him are not in your sins. But, if he had not risen, then it would have been true, “Ye are yet in your sins.” [Slide 14] It would have been true, also, in another sense. The life by which true believers live is the resurrection-life of him who said, “Because I live, ye shall live also.” But if Christ is not risen, there is no life for those who are in him. If he were still slumbering in the grave, where would have been the life that now makes us joyful, and makes us aspire after heavenly things? There would have been no life for you if there had not first been life for him. “Now is Christ risen from the dead,” and in him you rise into newness of life; but, if he did not rise, you are still dead, still under sin, still without the divine life, still without the life immortal and eternal that is to be your life in heaven throughout eternity. So, you see, once more, the consequences that follow: “If Christ be not raised, your faith is vain; ye are yet in your sins.” [Slide 15] V. Now follows, if possible, a still more terrible consequence. IF THERE BE NO RESURRECTION, ALL THE PIOUS DEAD HAVE PERISHED: “Then they also which are fallen asleep in Christ are perished.” “Perished”, by which is not meant “annihilated”; they are in a worse condition than that. [Slide 16] One phrase must be explained by the other which went before it; if Jesus Christ is not risen, they are yet in their sins. They died, and they told us that they were blood-washed and forgiven; and that they hoped to see the face of God with joy; but if Christ rose not from the dead, there is no sinner who has gone to heaven, there is no saint who ever died, who has had any real hope; he has died under a delusion, and he has perished. If Jesus Christ be not raised, the godly dead are yet in their sins, and they can never rise; for, if Christ did not rise from the dead, they cannot rise from the dead. Only through his resurrection is there resurrection for the saints. The ungodly shall rise to shame and everlasting contempt; but believers shall rise into eternal life and felicity because of their oneness with Christ; but, if he did not rise, they cannot rise. If he is dead, they must be dead, for they must share with him. They are, they ever must be, one with him; and all the saints who ever died, died under a mistake if Christ did not rise. We cast away the thought with abhorrence. Many of us have had beloved parents and friends who have died in the Lord, and we know that the full assurance of their faith was no mistake. We have seen dear children die in sure and certain hope of a glorious resurrection; and we know that it was no error on their part. I have stood by many death-beds of believers, many triumphant, and many more peaceful and calm as a sweet summer evening. They were not mistaken. No, dear sirs, believing in Christ, who lived, and died, and rose again, they had confidence in the midst of pain, and joy in the hour of their departure. [Slide 17] We cannot believe that they were mistaken; therefore we are confident that Jesus Christ did rise from the dead. [Slide 18] VI. Once more, IF THERE BE NO RESURRECTION, OUR SOURCE OF JOY IS GONE. If Jesus did not rise from the dead, we, who believe that he did, are of all men the most miserable: “If in this life only we have hope in Christ,” and we certainly have no hope of any other life, apart from Christ, “we are of all men most miserable.” What does Paul mean? That Christian men are more miserable than others, if they are mistaken? No, he does not mean that; for even the mistake, if it be a mistake, gives them joy; the error, if it be an error, yields them a present confidence and peace. But supposing they are sure that they are under an error, that they have made a mistake, their comfort is gone, and they are of all men the most miserable. Believers have given up sensuous joys [Slide 19] And, more than that, we have now learned superior things. We have learned to love holiness, and we seek after it. We have learned to love communion with God, and it has become our heaven to talk with our Father and our Saviour. We now look after things which are spiritual; and we try to handle the things that are carnal as they should be handled, as things to be used, but not abused. Now if, after having tasted these superior joys, they all turn out to be nothing, and they must turn out to be nothing if Jesus did not rise from the dead, then we are indeed of all men the most miserable. More than that, we have had high hopes, hopes that have made our hearts leap for joy. We have been ready sometimes to go straight away out of the body, with high delights and raptures, in the expectation of being “with Christ, which is far better.” We have said, “Though after my skin worms destroy this body, yet in my flesh shall I see God: whom I shall see for myself, and mine eyes shall behold, and not another.” We have been transported with the full conviction that our eyes “shall see the King in his beauty: they shall behold the land that is very far off;” and if that be not sure, if it can be proved that our hopes are vain, then are we of all men the most miserable. [Slide 20] You will wonder why I have been so long in bringing out these points, and what I am driving at. Well, what I am driving at is this. After all, everything hinges upon a fact, an ancient fact, and if that fact is not a fact, it is all up with us. If Jesus Christ did not rise from the dead, then his gospel is all exploded. What I want you to notice is this, that there must be a basis of fact in our religion; these things must be facts, or else nothing can give us consolation. [Slide 21] Our eternal hopes do not depend upon our moral condition; for, observe, these men in Corinth would not have been better or worse if Christ had not risen from the dead. Their character was just the same. It had been fashioned, it is true, by a belief that he did rise from the dead; but whether he did or did not, they were just the same men, so that their hope did not depend upon their good moral condition. The apostle does not say, “If you are or are not in such and such a moral condition,” but, “If Christ be not raised, your faith is vain; ye are yet in your sins.” So, my beloved, the reason of your being safe will be that Christ died for you, and that he rose again; it is not the result of what you are, but of what he did. The hinge of it all is not in you: it is in him, and you are to place your reliance, not upon what you are, or hope to be, but wholly and entirely upon a great fact which transpired nearly nineteen hundred years ago. If he did not rise from the dead, you are in your sins still, be you as good as you may; but if he did rise from the dead, and you are one with him, you are not in your sins; they are all put away, and you are “accepted in the Beloved.” [Slide 22] Now I go a step further. The great hope you have does not hinge even upon your spiritual state. You must be born again; you must have a new heart and a right spirit, or else you cannot lay hold of Christ, and he is not yours; but still, your ultimate hope is not in what you are spiritually, but in what he is. When darkness comes over your soul, and you say, “I am afraid I am not converted,” still believe in him who rose from the dead; and when, after you have had a sight of yourself, you are drifting away to dark despair, still cling to him who loved you, and gave himself for you, and rose again from the dead for you. If you believe that Christ is risen from the dead, and if this be the foundation of your hope of heaven, that hope stands just as sure, whether you are bright or whether you are dull, whether you can sing or whether you are forced to sigh, whether you can run or whether you are a broken-legged cripple, only able to lie at Christ's feet. If he died for you, and rose again for you, there is the groundwork of your confidence, and I pray you, keep to it. Do you see how Paul insists upon this? “If Christ be not raised, your faith is vain; ye are yet in your sins.” The inference is that, if Christ be raised, and you have faith in him, your faith is not vain, and you are not in your sins, you are saved. Your hope must not be here, in what your hands can do, but there, on yonder cross, in what he did, and there, on yonder throne, in him who has risen again for your justification. [Slide 23] The hardest thing in the world seems to be to keep people to this truth, for I have noticed that much of the modern-thought doctrine is nothing but old self-righteousness tricked out again. It is bidding men still to trust in themselves, to trust in their moral character, to trust in their spiritual aspirations, or something or other. I stand here to-night to say to you that the basis of your hope is not even your own faith, much less your own good works; but it is what Christ has done once for all, for “ye are complete in him,” and you can never be complete in any other way. Here, again, I would have you notice that Paul does not say that your being forgiven and saved depends upon your sincerity and your earnestness. You must be sincere and earnest; Christ is not yours if you are not; but still, you may be very sincere, and very earnest, and yet be wrong all the while; and the more sincere and earnest you are in a wrong way, the further you will go astray. The self-righteous man may be very sincere as he goes about to establish a righteousness of his own; but the more he does it, the more he ruins himself. But here is the mark for you to aim at, not at your sincerity, though there must be that; but if Christ was raised, and that is where you are resting your hopes, then you are not in your sins, but you are accepted in Christ, and justified in him. This is where I stand, and I pray every believer to keep here. There are many new discoveries made in science; we are pleased to hear it. I hope that we shall be able to travel more quickly, and pay less for it. I hope that we shall have better light, and that it will not be so expensive. The more true science, the better; but when science comes in to tell me that it has discovered anything about the way to heaven, then I have a deaf ear to it. “If Christ be not risen, then is our preaching vain, and your faith is also vain; ye are yet in your sins.” But if Christ be risen, then I know where I am. If it be really so, that he is God in human flesh; if he took my sin, and bore the consequences of it, and made a clear sweep of it from before the judgment-seat of the Most High; and if his rising again is God's testimony that the work is done, and that Christ, who stood as Substitute for me, is accepted for me, oh, hallelujah, hallelujah! What more do I need, but to praise and bless the name of him who has saved me with an effectual salvation? Now will I work for him. Now will I spend and be spent in his service. Now will I hate every false way, and every sin, and seek after purity and holiness; but not, in any sense, as the groundwork of my confidence. My one hope for time and eternity is Jesus, only Jesus; Jesus crucified and risen from the dead. [Slide 24] I do not know any passage of Scripture which, more thoroughly than this one, throws the stress where the stress must be, not on man, but on Christ alone: “If there be no resurrection of the dead, then is Christ not risen: and if Christ be not risen, then is our preaching vain, and your faith is also vain.” O dear hearer, if you would be saved, your salvation does not lie with yourself, but with him who left his Father's bosom, and came down to earth as a babe at Bethlehem, and hung upon a woman's breast; upon him who lived here, for thirty three years, a life of suffering and of toil, and who then took all the sin of his people upon himself, carried it up to the tree, and there bore all the consequences of it in his own body,— “Bore all that Almighty God could bear, With strength enough, but none to spare.” Jesus Christ bore that which has made God's pardon an act of justice, and vindicated his forgiveness of sin so that none can say that he is unjust when he passes by transgression. Christ did all that; and then, dying, was laid in the tomb, but, the third day, his Father raised him from the dead in token that he spoke the truth when he said, on the cross, “It is finished.” The debt is paid now; then, O sinner, leave your prison, for your debt is paid! Are you shut up in despair on account of your debt of sin? It is all discharged if you have believed in him who was raised from the dead. He has taken all your sin, and you are free. That handwriting of ordinances that was against you is nailed to his cross. Go your way, and sing, “The Lord is risen indeed,” and be as happy as all the birds in the air, till you are, by and by, as happy as the angels in heaven, through Jesus Christ our Lord. Amen. [Slide 25(end)] HE IS RISEN!

Kanye West's new release, "Carnival," featuring Rich The Kid and in collaboration with Ty Dolla $ign, showcases his enduring influence in the music industry. Born June 8, 1977, in Atlanta, Georgia, Kanye has sold 160 million records worldwide, earning him 24 Grammy Awards and solidifying his status as one of the most awarded hip-hop artists alongside Jay-Z. His discography, including pivotal albums like "The College Dropout" and "My Beautiful Dark Twisted Fantasy," has contributed significantly to hip-hop and popular music's evolution. The track "Carnival" delves into themes of fame, relationships, and excess, wrapped in vibrant production and catchy lyrics that mirror the song's title's energy. This release reflects Kanye's continuous innovation and his ability to blend complex themes with compelling music, maintaining his relevance and sparking conversations among fans and critics alike. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

A tweet by Russel Brand alerted an Astrologer to these time twins... And a happy B-day to both Russell Brand and Angelina Jolie; Born June 4th 1975 and obviously in different countries and at different times. A study of how the chart configurations played out in these two lives is an excellent learning tool especially for the houses in chart analysis. The YouTube Channel https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCXL88ooARqdQ7a0Hy8pMryg https://bmc.link/moreenjill To see the charts for this episode and other shows go to www.cardinalastrology.ca Astrologer Moreen Reed can be reached for reading from her website or by Phone www.cardinalastrology.ca Astrologer Jill Kirby can be reached for readings from her website: www.holisticarts.ca

Born June 11, 1914, Gerald Mohr possessed one of radio's best voices, and it produced one of the greatest performances - in any medium - of Raymond Chandler's Philip Marlowe. We'll hear Mohr as Marlowe in "The Panama Hat" (originally aired on CBS on October 10, 1948) and "The Bum's Rush" (originally aired on CBS on September 3, 1949). We'll also hear him as a less scrupulous private eye in "Five-Cent Call" from The Whistler (originally aired on CBS on February 19, 1950).

Episode Notes S4E17- Join us we dive into the mind of Josh Pineo Musician and more. He'll takes us on his journey from living with Osteogenisis Imperfecta (Brittle Bone Disease) to becoming a comedian & Musician. Born June 24, 1988 in Worcester, Massachusetts Josh Pineo was born with a rare genetic condition Osteogenisis Imperfecta (Brittle Bone Disease) Nicknamed "The Bulldog" due to his short stature and rugged build.... With over 20+ years of guitar playing under his belt, Pineo has written / recorded and performed several genre's of music(Rock/Metal/Country/Blues). Performed in various regional bands such as Fuel of War, Satin & Steel, Dead Mans Trigger and Affliktion as well as solo material recording and guest performances. Now Additionally...expanding his resume as a stand up comedian and actor, Josh has become a true triple threat entertainer! Performing Stand-up (Sit down) Comedy all across New England Appeared in "How I dumped my ex-boyfriends body," - 2014 Fat Foot Films (c) as "Tony the Fixer" (hit-man) You can see all your past favorite episodes now streaming on https://redcoraluniverse.com/ OR Show your support by purchasing FB stars. Send stars to the stars fb.com/stars Purchase TWTD Novel here https://a.co/d/4qLENB1 https://www.barnesandnoble.com/w/toking-with-the-dead-benjamin-k-bartlett-iii/1143414656?ean=9798822912779 This episode is sponsored by Deadly Grounds Coffee "Its good to get a little Deadly" https://deadlygroundscoffee.com ————————————————— https://www.stilltoking.com/ Check out Toking with the Dead Episode 1 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=awhL5FyW_j4 Check out Toking with the Dead Episode 2 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SaUai58ua6o Buy awesome Merchandise! https://www.stilltoking.com/toking-with-the-dead-train https://teespring.com/stores/still-toking-with Sponsorship Opportunities https://www.stilltoking.com/become-a-sponsor or email us at bartlett52108@gmail.com thetokingdead@gmail.com ————————————— Follow our guest https://www.facebook.com/JoshPineo https://www.facebook.com/SpeedDemonPromo https://www.instagram.com/thebulldog62488/?hl=en https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCPr88ChDLlK20rQTUbdjhSg https://www.imdb.com/name/nm6395229/ For Booking inquiries: for music, stand up comedy, or a speaking engagement please email Speeddemonpromotions@gmail.com ———————���———————— Follow Still Toking With and their friends! https://smartpa.ge/5zv1 https://thedorkeningpodcastnetwork.com/ ————————————— Produced by Leo Pond and The Dorkening Podcast Network https://TheDorkening.com Facebook.com/TheDorkening Youtube.com/TheDorkening Twitter.com/TheDorkening Dead Dork Radio https://live365.com/station/Dead-Dork-Radio-a68071 Find out more at https://still-toking-with.pinecast.co

Jane Warwick O'Neill Graham, died February 4, 2023. Born June 5, 1920, in Charlottesville, Virginia, she was the daughter of Charles Thomas O'Neill and Jane Gordon Warwick O'Neill. She attended St. Anne's School and graduated from Lane High School, Charlottesville, Virginia. Jane attended Converse College for one year and then transferred to the University of Virginia, where she graduated in June 1942 with a Bachelor of Science in Education. After World War II began, she enrolled in the United States Navy's first class of WAVE officers and graduated from Smith College with her class in January 1943. She was stationed...Article LinkSupport the show

Born June 16, 1965Graduated from Lakeridge High School in Lake Oswego, Oregon.Later graduated from the University of Oregon…..Go Ducks!2010 Inducted into the University of Oregon's Hall of Fame for his performance on the 1985 Track and Field NCAA Championship Team.Drafted in the 8th Round by Cleveland Browns.Played 9 NFL Seasons for the KC Chiefs and Atlanta Falcons.Wife Raina, 8 children including the five they adopted (nieces & nephews)Only player in NFL in last 30 years to play for at least 9 seasons AND under 160 lbsPhysical fitness advocator, entrepreneur, phenomenal motivational speaker (Isagenix)

Black Sky Legion YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/BlackSkyLegion Black Sky Legion Twitch: https://www.twitch.tv/Blackskylegion Black Sky Legion Podcast: https://anchor.fm/blackskylegion Black Sky Legion Twitter: https://twitter.com/BlackSkyLegion Black Sky Legion Discord: https://tinyurl.com/BSLdiscord Black Sky Legion E-mail: https://www.BlackSkyLegion@gmail.com Black Sky Legion Website: https://www.blackskylegion.com Black Sky Legion Patreon: https://tinyurl.com/BSLPatreon CAST: KAI ZEN, WOLFDRAGON, SOUVARINE & CHAAD LOSAN OPENING SONG: "IT'S GONNA BE ME '” SCARY POCKETS FUNK COVER FT. THERESE CURATOLO & CASEY ABRAMS https://youtu.be/bEVVs9bA9f4 SUPPORT THESE AWESOME ARTISTS, SUB TO THEIR CHANNEL, BUY TRACKS, MERCH AND SEE THEM LIVE! FOR FULL SHOWNOTES GO DO BSL DISCORD GENERAL ROOM UNDER PUBLIC SHOWNOTES! --- Send in a voice message: https://anchor.fm/blackskylegion/message

Born June 16, 1971 and allegedly left this world on September13, 1996 but even that I don't buy. Let's talk about the rapper, actor, poet and the man: Tupac Shakur. --- Send in a voice message: https://anchor.fm/drzeusfilmpodcast/message Support this podcast: https://anchor.fm/drzeusfilmpodcast/support

Born June 30, 1958 in Pineville, Ky., to late James R and Geraldine Tabor Sloan. She was a member of the Newtown Baptist Church. She passed into eternal life in November 1, 2021 at St Joseph Hospital London, Ky. She was proceeded in death by the father of her children Harold Mosley and her brother Willard D Shorty Marshall Slone. She is survived by her children Christopher and wife Hailey and Craig Mosley. Grandchildren Cassidy, Colton, and Christopher Cameron. Brothers and sisters Ronnie and Lisa Sloan, Kathy and Terry Widener, Cheona Slone, James and Loretta Sloan, Tim and Angela Sloan.

A discussion about and look into the life and times of silent film star, Sessue Hayakawa. Born June 10, 1886 - Died November 23, 1973.

On this day in history, the Roman Inquisition sentenced Galileo Galilei for being "vehemently suspect of heresy." / On this day in 1947, science fiction writer Octavia E. Butler was born. Learn more about your ad-choices at https://www.iheartpodcastnetwork.com

In this episode we discuss how Bo rejected the Bucs offer and we remember Hall of Fame players on their date of birth like Al Wilson, Jeff Bentrim, Mike McCormack and Bob Gain!  Come join us at the https://pigskindispatch.com/ (Pigskin Dispatch website) to see even more Positive football news! Sign up to get daily football history headlines in your email inbox @ https://pigskindispatch.com/home/Email-subscriber (Email-subscriber) Get a free one week subscription to Newspapers.com by visiting http://SportsHistoryNetwork.com/newspapers (SportsHistoryNetwork.com/newspapers). And with a paid subscription, you'll also be helping to support the production of this and other Sports History Network shows.  We also feature great music by Mike and Gene Monroe along with Jason Neff & great graphics from time to time from the folks at http://www.gridiron-uniforms.com/GUD/controller/controller.php?action=main (Gridiron-Uniform Database). Want more Sports History delivered to your ears, come see this podcast and many more at the https://sportshistorynetwork.com/ (Sports History Network - The Headquarters of Sports' Yesteryear!) We would like to thank the https://footballfoundation.org/ (National Football Foundation), https://www.profootballhof.com/players/ (Pro Football Hall of Fame), https://www.onthisday.com/ (On this day.com) and https://www.pro-football-reference.com/ (Pro Football Reference) Websites for the information shared with you today. Support this podcast

On this day in 1893, the Ferris Wheel debuted at the World's Fair in Chicago. / On this day in 1905, philosopher and writer Jean-Paul Sartre was born. Learn more about your ad-choices at https://www.iheartpodcastnetwork.com

On this day in 1865, Major General Gordon Granger announced the abolition of slavery in Galveston, Texas. The day is now commemorated as Juneteenth. / On this day in 1917, revolutionary and politician Joshua Nkomo was born in Matebeleland in modern-day Zimbabwe. Learn more about your ad-choices at https://www.iheartpodcastnetwork.com

On this day in 1929, Anne Frank was born in Germany. / On this day in 1892, writer and illustrator Djuna Barnes was born. Learn more about your ad-choices at https://www.iheartpodcastnetwork.com

#576 - Richard M. Sherman The Richard M. Sherman Interview is featured on The Paul Leslie Hour. An inductee of the Songwriters Hall of Fame, Richard M. Sherman who with his brother wrote some of the most well known songs in motion picture history, particularly Disney motion pictures: The Jungle Book, Chitty Chitty Bang Bang, Mary Poppins, Bedknobs and Broom Sticks, Charlotte's Web, and others. His songs have also been performed/recorded by recording artists like Ringo Starr, Annette Funicello, Johnny Burnette, Kenny Loggins and others. Born June 12, 1928, we wish Richard M. Sherman a happy birthday. Her is our interview with Sherman for your listening enjoyment. Right here on The Paul Leslie Hour. The Paul Leslie Hour is a talk show dedicated to “Helping People Tell Their Stories.” Some of the most iconic people of all time drop in to chat. Frequent topics include Arts, Entertainment and Culture. Support The Paul Leslie Hour by contributing to their Tip Jar: https://tips.pinecast.com/jar/the-paul-leslie-hour

Born June 1st 1926. The woman who illuminated the silver screen from 1949 to 1962. --- Send in a voice message: https://anchor.fm/drzeusfilmpodcast/message Support this podcast: https://anchor.fm/drzeusfilmpodcast/support

On this day, Paul Blobel -- leader of the Aktion 1005 operation to get rid of evidence of Nazi mass murders -- was executed. / On this day in 1917, poet Gwendolyn Brooks was born. Brooks was the first Black American writer to win a Pulitzer Prize. Learn more about your ad-choices at https://www.iheartpodcastnetwork.com

On this day in 1981, the first report on AIDS was published in the Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report, before AIDS was identified as a syndrome. / On this day in 1878, revolutionary leader Pancho Villa was born in Mexico. Learn more about your ad-choices at https://www.iheartpodcastnetwork.com

On this day in 1943, the Zoot Suit Riots began in Los Angeles. / On this day in 1897, blues singer and guitarist Memphis Minnie was born. Learn more about your ad-choices at https://www.iheartpodcastnetwork.com

RockerMike and Rob discuss guitar legend Jeff Beck Geoffrey Arnold Beck is an English rock guitarist. He is one of the three noted guitarists to have played with the Yardbirds. Beck also formed the Jeff Beck Group and with Tim Bogert and Carmine Appice, he formed Beck, Bogert & Appice. Born: June 24, 1944 (age 76 years), Wallington, United Kingdom Music groups: The Jeff Beck Group, The Yardbirds (1965 – 1966), Spinal Tap, Spouse: Sandra Cash (m. 2005), Patricia Brown (m. 1963–1967) Much of Beck's recorded output has been instrumental, with a focus on innovative sound, and his releases have spanned genres ranging from blues rock, hard rock, jazz fusion, and a blend of guitar-rock and electronica. Although he recorded two hit albums (in 1975 and 1976) as a solo act, Beck has not established or maintained the sustained commercial success of many of his contemporaries and bandmates.Beck appears on albums by Rod Stewart, Mick Jagger, Tina Turner, Morrissey, Donovan, Diana Ross, Jon Bon Jovi, Malcolm McLaren, Kate Bush, Roger Waters, Stevie Wonder, Les Paul, Zucchero, Cyndi Lauper, Brian May, Roger Taylor, Stanley Clarke, Screaming Lord Sutch, ZZ Top, and Toots and the Maytals. http://www.jeffbeck.com/ https://mobile.twitter.com/jeffbeckmusic?lang=en https://m.facebook.com/jeffbeck https://www.rockhall.com/inductees/jeff-beck https://www.allmusic.com/artist/jeff-beck-mn0000240865/biography https://www.instagram.com/jeffbeckofficial/?hl=en https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=rXJQb7aIxfk&autoplay=1 #jeffbeckstratocaster #jeffbeckgroup #jeffbeckguitar #jeffbeckstrat #jeffbecksignature #jeffbeckofficial #jeffbeck #jeffbeckmusic #jeffbecklive #jeffbecktour #musically #musicindustry #musicislife #musicproduction #musician #musiclife #music #musicphotography #musicproducer Please follow us on Youtube,Facebook,Instagram,Twitter,Patreon and at www.gettinglumpedup.com https://linktr.ee/RobRossi Get your T-shirt at https://www.prowrestlingtees.com/gettinglumpedup And https://www.bonfire.com/store/getting-lumped-up/ Subscribe to the channel and hit the like button --- This episode is sponsored by · Anchor: The easiest way to make a podcast. https://anchor.fm/app Support this podcast: https://anchor.fm/rob-rossi/support https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/getting-lumped-up-with-rob-rossi/id1448899708 https://open.spotify.com/show/00ZWLZaYqQlJji1QSoEz7a https://www.patreon.com/Gettinglumpedup --- Support this podcast: https://anchor.fm/rob-rossi/support

Brian Keith Bragg, 54, was a resident of Milton, Fla., and native of Chicago, Ill. Born June 28, 1966, Brian gained his wings, peacefully at home surrounded by love in the early morning hours of March 4, 2021 following a short but hard fought battle with cancer. Brian was an amazingly bright soul; a loving son, husband, uncle, cousin and friend. Well known for his lighthearted smile and booming personality; he never met a stranger and his glow was felt wherever he went. He was raised between Chicago and Wagarville (Cortelyou), eventually settling in Pensacola (Milton), Fla. He was a...Article Link

RockerMike and Rob discuss Howlin’ Wolf Howlin' Wolf was a Chicago blues singer, guitarist, and harmonica player. Originally from Mississippi, he moved to Chicago in adulthood and became successful, forming a rivalry with fellow bluesman Muddy Waters. With a booming voice and imposing physical presence, he is one of the best-known Chicago blues artists. Born: June 10, 1910, Whites, MS Died: January 10, 1976, Edward Hines, Jr. VA Hospital, Hines, IL Height: 6′ 6″ Spouse: Lillie Handley (m. 1964–1976) http://www.howlinwolf.com/ https://www.britannica.com/biography/Howlin-Wolf https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=zQtJCKBv5Rs https://open.spotify.com/artist/0Wxy5Qka8BN9crcFkiAxSR https://bobcorritore.com/photos/howlin-wolf-photo-page/ https://www.npr.org/artists/15406217/howlin-wolf Please follow us on Youtube,Facebook,Instagram,Twitter,Patreon and at www.gettinglumpedup.com https://linktr.ee/RobRossi Get your T-shirt at https://www.prowrestlingtees.com/gettinglumpedup And https://www.bonfire.com/store/getting-lumped-up/ https://www.bonfire.com/store/getting-lumped-up/ Subscribe to the channel Hit the like button --- This episode is sponsored by · Anchor: The easiest way to make a podcast. https://anchor.fm/app Support this podcast: https://anchor.fm/rob-rossi/support https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/getting-lumped-up-with-rob-rossi/id1448899708 https://open.spotify.com/show/00ZWLZaYqQlJji1QSoEz7a https://www.patreon.com/Gettinglumpedup #music #producer #podcasts #podcastlife #hiphop #life #photography #rap #podcastersofinstagram #podcasters #entrepreneur #itunes #dj #fashion #youtube #motivation #podcastcommunity #repost #radio #art #inspiration #relationships #happy #podcaster #soundcloud #love #business #podcasting #podcastshow #money --- Support this podcast: https://anchor.fm/rob-rossi/support

RockerMike and Rob Presents: The great Frank Secich Author of Circumstantial Evidence and rock musician, songwriter, and record producer. Frank Secich is an American rock musician, songwriter, author and record producer. He was the bass player and founding member of the group Blue Ash from 1969–79 and guitarist and bassist for the Stiv Bators band from 1979 until 1981. Born: June 14, 1951 (age 69 years), Sharon, PA Music group: Blue Ash Genre: Rock, Power pop Record labels: Bomp! Records, Mercury Records, Playboy Records https://www.facebook.com/fsecich https://twitter.com/frankiefiend?lang=en https://www.instagram.com/franksecich/?hl=en https://pleasekillme.com/frank-secich/ https://www.amazon.com/Circumstantial-Evidence-Frank-Secich/dp/0646943154 https://www.pinterest.com/frankiefane/ https://lostinthegrooves.com/category/tags/frank-secich/ https://www.reverbnation.com/franksecich #authorsofinstagram #author #authorlife #authors #rockers #rocker #rockerstyle #musically #musician #musicindustry #musicislife #musicproduction #musiclife #music #musicians #musicproducer Please follow us on Youtube,Facebook,Instagram,Twitter,Patreon and at www.gettinglumpedup.com https://linktr.ee/RobRossi Get your T-shirt at https://www.prowrestlingtees.com/gettinglumpedup And https://www.bonfire.com/store/getting-lumped-up/ Subscribe to the Youtube channel Hit the like button --- This episode is sponsored by · Anchor: The easiest way to make a podcast. https://anchor.fm/app Support this podcast: https://anchor.fm/rob-rossi/support https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/getting-lumped-up-with-rob-rossi/id1448899708 https://www.google.com/podcasts?feed=aHR0cHM6Ly9hbmNob3IuZm0vcy83ZTZmNmU4L3BvZGNhc3QvcnNz https://open.spotify.com/show/00ZWLZaYqQlJji1QSoEz7a https://www.breaker.audio/getting-lumped-up-with-rob-rossi https://overcast.fm/itunes1448899708/getting-lumped-up-with-rob-rossi https://radiopublic.com/getting-lumped-up-with-rob-rossi-6B34eM https://pca.st/M9Mv https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/anchor-podcasts/getting-lumped-up-with-rob-rossi https://anchor.fm/rob-rossi https://pandora.app.link/uIAiNyok0ab https://www.iheart.com/podcast/256-getting-lumped-up-with-rob-31091619?cmp=ios_share&sc=ios_social_share&pr=false&autoplay=true https://www.patreon.com/Gettinglumpedup --- Support this podcast: https://anchor.fm/rob-rossi/support

The Rocker Mike and Rob Presents Show welcomes LaLa Brooks, a member of the 60s girl group The Crystals. LaLa gives a very candid interview about her career, her life and experiences. She also drops a few bombs. In her words, “I’m all about the truth!” Give a listen to this brand new show from the “Lumped Up Boys”! Dolores Brooks is the second lead singer of the girl group the Crystals and a Broadway actress. She is best known as the lead vocalist on the Crystals' hits "Then He Kissed Me" and "Da Doo Ron Ron". Born: June 20, 1947 (age 73 years), Brooklyn, New York, NY Genre: Rock Music group: The Crystals Record labels: Norton Records, Norton Records Inc. https://m.facebook.com/LaLaBrooksOfTheCrystals/ https://www.nj.com/entertainment/2012/02/dolores_lala_brooks_interview.html https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=1RyOvPACi6k https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=OABFPYYalQk http://www.ponderosastomp.com/music_more/262/Dolores+LaLa+Brooks https://alchetron.com/Dolores-LaLa-Brooks http://www.lalabrooks.net/ https://www.amazon.com/All-Nothing-Brooks/dp/B00FXLL0L4 https://m.imdb.com/name/nm2804056/ #soul #soulfood #rnb #rnbmusic #rnbartist #rnbsinger #rnbsoul #rnbbeats #musically #musicvideo #musicproducer #mustang #musician #mushrooms #music #musica #musiclife Please follow us on Youtube,Facebook,Instagram,Twitter,Patreon and at www.gettinglumpedup.com Get your T-shirt at https://www.prowrestlingtees.com/gettinglumpedup And https://www.bonfire.com/store/getting-lumped-up/ Subscribe to the Youtube channel Hit the like button --- This episode is sponsored by · Anchor: The easiest way to make a podcast. https://anchor.fm/app Support this podcast: https://anchor.fm/rob-rossi/support https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/getting-lumped-up-with-rob-rossi/id1448899708 https://www.google.com/podcasts?feed=aHR0cHM6Ly9hbmNob3IuZm0vcy83ZTZmNmU4L3BvZGNhc3QvcnNz https://open.spotify.com/show/00ZWLZaYqQlJji1QSoEz7a https://www.breaker.audio/getting-lumped-up-with-rob-rossi https://overcast.fm/itunes1448899708/getting-lumped-up-with-rob-rossi https://radiopublic.com/getting-lumped-up-with-rob-rossi-6B34eM https://pca.st/M9Mv https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/anchor-podcasts/getting-lumped-up-with-rob-rossi https://anchor.fm/rob-rossi https://pandora.app.link/uIAiNyok0ab https://www.iheart.com/podcast/256-getting-lumped-up-with-rob-31091619?cmp=ios_share&sc=ios_social_share&pr=false&autoplay=true https://www.patreon.com/Gettinglumpedup --- Support this podcast: https://anchor.fm/rob-rossi/support

He is widely regarded as one of the greatest musicians of his generation. Born June 7. Died April 21, 2016 --- This episode is sponsored by · Anchor: The easiest way to make a podcast. https://anchor.fm/app Support this podcast: https://anchor.fm/james-silas0/support

On this day in 1947, science fiction writer Octavia E. Butler was born. Learn more about your ad-choices at https://news.iheart.com/podcast-advertisers

On this day in 1905, philosopher and writer Jean-Paul Sartre was born. Learn more about your ad-choices at https://news.iheart.com/podcast-advertisers

On this day in 1917, revolutionary and politician Joshua Nkomo was born in Matebeleland in modern-day Zimbabwe. Learn more about your ad-choices at https://news.iheart.com/podcast-advertisers

On this day in 1892, writer and illustrator Djuna Barnes was born. Learn more about your ad-choices at https://news.iheart.com/podcast-advertisers

On this day in 1917, poet Gwendolyn Brooks was born. Brooks was the first Black American writer to win a Pulitzer Prize. Learn more about your ad-choices at https://news.iheart.com/podcast-advertisers

On this day in 1878, revolutionary leader Pancho Villa was born in Mexico. Learn more about your ad-choices at https://news.iheart.com/podcast-advertisers

On this day in 1897, blues singer and guitarist Memphis Minnie was born. Learn more about your ad-choices at https://news.iheart.com/podcast-advertisers

Wealth Transformation - Podcast Show Notes: YPFW Maria Laiolo Canonica   San Francisco has lost a dear and faithful native daughter who was proud of her 108 years of living in the City. Maria Laiolo Canonica passed away on Friday, October 16. She was the beloved wife of the late René J. Canonica, founder of Rainbow Painting & Decorating Company. She was predeceased by her son René "Sonny" Canonica and her dearly-loved brother Bernard Laiolo and sister Antonette Lastreto. She is survived by her loving and devoted daughter Laiola "Didi" Maillard, her grandson R. André (Phylis) Maillard, great-granddaughters Danielle and Hanna and sister-in-law Elinor Laiolo. She is also survived by many adoring nieces, nephews, cousins and relatives in Northern California and in Switzerland. Born June 15, 1907, she was the daughter of Delfina and Antonio Laiolo, Director of Banco Popolare Fugazi and Vice-President of Bank of America under A. P. Giannini. Throughout her life, Maria learned to appreciate the City, the arts, and the joys of friendship. She attended Spring Valley Grammar School and Galileo High School, graduating in 1926. Maria studied voice (lyric soprano) in Europe and performed in concert in Italy as well as on stage and radio in San Francisco. She entertained at countless benefits and events in the Bay Area from the Â'30s through Â'70s and was a life-long volunteer and active member of the Pacific Musical Society, Good Shepherd Guild, and Swiss Relief Society. Her talent in the musical world along with her love of worldwide travel, Italian and French languages, piano, opera and musical offerings in San Francisco, made her the especially amazing woman she was. Maria's delightful charm and ever-cheerful, positive nature were noted by all who knew her. Maria was renowned for her wit and joke-telling ability. In all her roles, whether known as Maria, Mom, Mimi or Zia Mia, she will be sorely missed. Maria was Past-President and Board member of Italian Welfare Agency and Auxiliary. She was also Past-President and Board member of the French Hospital Auxiliary, and was honored there for her more than ten thousand hours of service. For the past 35 years Maria's home has been The Sequoias San Francisco where she was surrounded by dear friends who were fellow residents as well as by caring and devoted staff. Hers was a life well-lived and her genuine compassion, easy-going personality and sparkling smile enriched the lives of all who were blessed to be included in Maria's life. A favorite quote from Maria is: "God has been good to me, and maybe volunteering has kept me young and happy!"     In this episode, Dr. Cheryl and Maria discuss:   Her Life and longevity     Key Takeaways:   How to live a long and abundant life       Connect with Dr. Cheryl: Wealth Transformation Podcast Twitter: @cherylscheurer Facebook: @CherylScheurer Website: www.cherylscheurer.com/ Email:  drcherylscheurer@gmail.com YouTube: Cheryl Scheurer TV Show:  Comcast Channel 26 and U-Verse 99 Book: Wealth Transformation LinkedIn: Cheryl Scheurer, Ph.D BINGE NETWORKS TV: Wealth Transformation Channel    

Romeo Okwara currently is a Defensive End for the NFL’s Detroit Lions. Prior to this, he played college football at Notre Dame and signed with the New York Giants as an undrafted free agent in 2016. Born June 17, 1995, Romeo stands 6’4” and weighs 275 pounds. But as we’ll discuss in this episode, when it comes to Okwara, there’s more than meets the eye. He moved to the United States from Nigeria with his family in 2005, and he played organized football for the first time a year later, but his lack of experience resulted in him being cut from the team. During his childhood, Romeo’s parents stressed the importance of education to him and his siblings so much so that during the recruiting process he would not entertain interest from colleges whose academic reputations did not meet his standards. And the one thing he rarely leaves home without is his camera. Off the field, he indulges his creative side and enjoys traveling the world.

On this day in 1912, writer, social worker, teacher, and diplomat E.R. Braithwaite was born.  Learn more about your ad-choices at https://news.iheart.com/podcast-advertisers

On this day in 1893 or 1903, blues musician Big Bill Broonzy was born.  Learn more about your ad-choices at https://news.iheart.com/podcast-advertisers

On this day in 1911, physicist and Nobel Prize winner Luis W. Alavarez was born. Learn more about Alvarez in an episode of Stuff You Missed in History Class at https://www.missedinhistory.com/tags/luis-w-alvarez.htm Learn more about your ad-choices at https://news.iheart.com/podcast-advertisers

On this day, writer, pacifist and Nobel Peace Prize winner Bertha von Suttner was born.  Learn more about your ad-choices at https://news.iheart.com/podcast-advertisers

The wonderfully sweet Jordan Kleine talks with Julia about the Persephone myth, being emotionally self-possessed, and some philosophy on the functionality of astrology. Follow her on instagram: @jordankleine and, as promised, a link to the serial killer study!

Damion Hall, also known as Damion "Crazy Legs" Hall is an American R&B singer. He is a member of the new jack swing group Guy and is the brother of Guy member, Aaron Hall.Born: June 6, 1968 (age 50 years), Brooklyn, New York City, NYEducation: Virginia State UniversityAlso known as: Crazy Legs . The Official Sponsor For The E.Jones Show Feat The First Lady Sharonda . Also Co Owner Of The Trend Setting Urban Classics Station WWRN Radio AM 1620 www.wrnradio.us Currently On Tour With Guy Coming to a city near you. Tour Alert -The news that many have waited to hear is finally upon us, Guy has reunited as a group with all three original members Teddy Riley, Aaron Hall and Damian Hall coming back together. Teddy revealed the newsvia his official Instagram account today, leading many to believe that the trio have finally put their issues behind them. Teddy also stated in the post that the New Jack Swing legends would have tour dates coming soon along with a new website. No word on if new material will be recorded, but this is definitely something to keep an eye on. #Damionhall #GUY #NewJackSwingKings See acast.com/privacy for privacy and opt-out information.

Voiceover Actor, Singe and Author Rodney Saulsberry narrates this short bio feature on Lionel Richie, American singer-songwriter, musician, record producer and actor. Born: June 20, 1949 (age 68), Tuskegee, Alabama, USA. In this brief presentation Saulsberry covers the beginning, middle and current success of this Oscar winner. 5 time Grammy winner. 16-time American Music Award winner. Golden Globe winner and 5 time People’s Choice Award winner. His continuing relevance as a multi-generational artist is evidenced by his recent inclusion as one of three judges on the new ABC Television version of “American Idol.” Lionel is joined on the judges panel by Luke Bryan and Katy Perry as well host Ryan Seacrest.

Anne Murray becomes the first woman and first Canadian to win a country music award. Anne Murray was one of Canada’s first country singers to gain international notoriety. Born June 20, 1945 in Springhill, Nova Scotia, Murray grew up intending to become a phys-ed teacher. She graduated from the University of New Brunswick with a degree in physical education and began teaching – while singing on television as a side job. But when she recorded the single “Snowbird” in 1970, it sold more than a million copies, rocketing her to stardom. Murray moved to Los Angeles for a short while before returning to Canada. During the early 1970s, she straddled the country and pop music worlds until a string of country hits solidified her country music success from 1979 until 1986. It was during this period that Murray was recognized by her peers in the country music business for her successes and contributions to the industry. On October 8, 1984 at Nashville’s Grand Ole Opry House, the Country Music Association announced that Murray had won Album of the Year with her record, “A Little Good News.” That made Murray the first woman and first Canadian to win the award. The title song also won Single of the Year. See acast.com/privacy for privacy and opt-out information.

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Hollywood takes the high road tonight on Rated G Radio!   Talented actor, writer and producer, Rick Karatas joins the show to talk about  living life in the entertainment capital of the world!   His feature film, Walk A Mile In My Prada's is now available on Blue Ray! Rick Karatas (a.k.a Sudi Karatas) born and bred in Long Island New York, now residing in southern California. He goes by two different names because Sudi is too common, and he is a Gemini (one name for each personality). Born June 9th, 19…. something. Call him Rick or Sudi, just don't call him on his cell when his minutes are up. We'll also get the chance to visit in the second half of the show with Madonna, Cher and so many more with the talented comic Nadya Ginsburg!  Nadya has an upcoming show on July 21st at Casita del Campo in West Hollywood!  Nadya will tell us what we can expect to see when you come to this standing room only event!    Walk A Mile In My Prada's - Trailer view here! Check out Rick's website by clicking here! RSVP to Nadya's Madonnalogues Variety Hour by clicking here! LIKE Nadya's Facebook Fan Page by clicking here!            

Hollywood takes the high road tonight on Rated G Radio!   Talented actor, writer and producer, Rick Karatas joins the show to talk about  living life in the entertainment capital of the world!   His feature film, Walk A Mile In My Prada's is now available on Blue Ray! Rick Karatas (a.k.a Sudi Karatas) born and bred in Long Island New York, now residing in southern California. He goes by two different names because Sudi is too common, and he is a Gemini (one name for each personality). Born June 9th, 19…. something. Call him Rick or Sudi, just don't call him on his cell when his minutes are up. We'll also get the chance to visit in the second half of the show with Madonna, Cher and so many more with the talented comic Nadya Ginsburg!  Nadya has an upcoming show on July 21st at Casita del Campo in West Hollywood!  Nadya will tell us what we can expect to see when you come to this standing room only event!    Walk A Mile In My Prada's - Trailer view here! Check out Rick's website by clicking here! RSVP to Nadya's Madonnalogues Variety Hour by clicking here! LIKE Nadya's Facebook Fan Page by clicking here!            

Show Time: 12:00 pm AST; 11:00 am EST; 10:00 am CST; 9:00 am MST; and 8:00 am PST. Check your Time Zone! Born June 15 1926 on St. Croix, US Virgin Islands, Ms Leona Brady Watson is recognized as one of the premier preservers and revivers of the tradition of Cariso singing. In 1990 Watson was recognized by the Smithsonian Institute's Office of Folk Life Programs as a cultural tradition bearer on the Virgin Islands. She has performed at the Virgin Islands' Folk Life Exhibit in Washington, D.C. and was one of the main organizers of the First Annual V.I. Folk Life Festival on St. Croix in 1991. "Some of Leona's famed works include: Quoted in 3 published books; actress in the film, The Story of Cariso, nationally acclaimed; performance in numerous stage shows, on island and abroad; participated in the 24th Annual Festival of American Folklife, the Virgin Islands; program sponsored by the Smithsonian Institution and the Virgin Islands. Leona is also a highly respected herbologist who has been asked most recently to participate in cultural exchange between Africa (Senegal), China and Switzerland." - TRIBUTE TO LEONA BRADY WATSON -- HON. VICTOR O. FRAZER (Extension of Remarks - August 1, 1996) [Page: E1424] --- HON. VICTOR O. FRAZER in the House of Representatives, Wednesday, July 31, 1996 

 Arias as sung by one of the greatest divas in opera history.   Included are arias from Traviata, Ballo, Sonnambula,  Les Huguenots, La Perle du Bresil, Semiramide, Vespri,  Rosalinda (Veracini), and the Proch Variations.                                     (37 minutes)

A HAPPY BIRTHDAY TRIBUTE TO THE BELOVED RISE STEVENS,ONE OF THE GREAT ARTISTS INMY MEMORY (Photo: Rise posed with every single member of her music club at our last gathering out on the island at Westhampton Beach, New York..This was followed by everyone being thrown into the swimming pool.(Except me..I never learned to swim!)