Podcasts about Southern Chile

Welcome back, wine friends! In Part 2 of our journey through Chile's Maule Valley, we're staying put in the rugged, dry-farmed interior to uncover even more of its rich viticultural story. Returning guest Derek Mossman Knapp—co-founder of Garage Wine Co. and 2024 Old Vine Hero award winner—joins us again to spotlight Carignan (or “Cariñena”), a grape once overlooked in Chile that's now at the heart of a heritage-driven revival. In this episode, we dive into VIGNO, the groundbreaking collective Derek helped found, uniting passionate producers committed to old vine, dry-farmed Carignan. We explore how this movement is preserving tradition, terroir, and time through strict practices and deep respect for the land—and how it's putting some of Chile's most soulful wines on the global map. It's a rich, thoughtful conversation about legacy, collaboration, and the power of working with nature, not against it.   If you want to skip ahead: 02.40: Discussion of Carignan (Cariñena) and its role in the blend   04.27: Talking about and tasting the Cru Truquilemu 2019 -  Vin Coqnito £58 (2018) 06.00: Vineyards' inheritance history helps trace vineyard origins   07.30: Small batch fermentation methods and neutral barrels    09.30: The value of separating lots and testing over vintages   11.00: Growing interest in Cru wine due to critical acclaim      14.25: Discussion of the Empedrado DO; coastal freshness   16.01: Clarifying Maule's geography; part of Southern Chile   16.48: Climate differences in Maule vs. Santiago (seasonal shifts)    18.00: Alcohol and balance - challenging the UK's fixation on lower ABV and bottle weight   19.00: Regenerative viticulture - using compost teas, no-till methods, and soil health trials   21.00: Myth of poor soils - overstressed vineyards are being replanted before reaching full maturity   23.30: Vineyard revival - greener canopies, improved shading, and resistance to heat   24.07: Certification challenges - paperwork burden limits organic certification for small producers   25.00: Verification vs. certification; Allan Savory's philosophy on soil testing and real change   28.44: Is Carignan a “complete grape”, like Cabernet Sauvignon? Questioning completeness and relation to alcohol   29.00: Carignan initiative, collaborative DO for identity and quality; unique in Chile   30.33: Chile's bulk wine success created a consumer price ceiling   31.13: VIGNO labeling rules: VIGNO must be prominent on the bottle   32.11: VIGNO evolution: from 65% Carignan minimum to 85%   33.13: Vineyard collaboration: producers share technical knowledge   34.00: Baron Philippe de Rothschild joins VIGNO, signaling broader acceptance   35.55: Carignan vs País — where would Derek place his bet for the future?   Any thoughts or questions, do email me: janina@eatsleepwinerepeat.co.uk Or contact me on Instagram @eatsleep_winerepeat If you fancy watching some videos on my youtube channel: Eat Sleep Wine Repeat Or come say hi at www.eatsleepwinerepeat.co.uk Until next time, Cheers to you!   ---------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------------- THE EAT SLEEP WINE REPEAT PODCAST HAS BEEN FEATURED IN DECANTER MAGAZINE, RADIO TIMES AND FEED SPOT AS THE 6TH BEST UK WINE MAKING PODCAST.

Send us a textAir pollution is a big killer. Air pollution of all kinds helped kill 4.2 million people globally in 2019, according to the World Health Organization.It can damage nearly every organ in the body, worsening asthma and leading to cancer and heart disease. It especially affects pregnant women and can damage a growing fetus.Air pollution also has more insidious effects.Dr. Álvaro Hofflinger of Arizona State University and colleagues studied school children in a part of Chile where many people still rely on wood-burning stoves. They found the more air pollution children were exposed to, the lower their grades. It's another piece of evidence that can help parents, policymakers, officials, and health experts make decisions about where to focus their efforts in reducing pollution. In this episode of One World, One Health, host Maggie Fox chats with Dr. Hofflinger about what his team found, about the factors that cause this type of pollution, and what people might be able to do about it.They found it's not going to be such an easy problem to solve. Wood is cheap or free for many in parts of Chile, and electricity isn't. Old habits are hard to break. And clean energy is not always an uncomplicated choice for governments.  Give it a listen and check out some of our other episodes on air pollution and health.Learn from Dr. Sarah Chambliss about how people of color and in low resource neighborhoods are disproportionately affected by poor health due to pollution.Find out about the association between air pollution, depression, and pregnancy in our episode with Dr. Jun Wu. 

In 1999, orthopaedic spine surgeon, Dr Mary Neal, had a near-death experience while kayaking in Southern Chile. She says her near-death experience has completely changed her outlook on life. Her story has been featured in a Netflix series and in a documentary called, 'After Death.'’ Website: https://afterdeathmovie.com/Your support sends the gospel to every corner of Australia through broadcast, online and print media: https://www.vision.org.au/donateSee omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Ericka Verba, professor and director of Latin American Studies at Cal State LA, joins the podcast to discuss her new book "Thanks to Life: A Biography of Violeta Parra." Verba shares Parra's central role in the creation of Chile's Nueva Cancion movement, breaks down the strength and resilience that allowed her to become an internationally recognized artist despite her humble class origins in Southern Chile, and draws parallels between Chile in the 1960's and the U.S. current authoritarian moment. Support the podcast by joining the Patreon and get access to the #litreview, a bookclub for Cachimbonas: https://patreon.com/radiocachimbona?utm_medium=unknown&utm_source=join_link&utm_campaign=creatorshare_creator&utm_content=copyLinkFollow @radiocachimbona on Instagram, X, and Facebook

Guest Marta Ballús is adventurous cyclist currently solo bikepacking  across South America. Starting in Southern Chile, Marta has navigated through diverse landscapes from the Andes Mountains to the Galapagos Islands. Inspired by a turning point in her life when she got laid off work, Marta decided to take control of her life by embarking on this journey. We discuss her transformation from a fearful to a confident traveler, her experiences with unique local cultures, the hospitality she's encountered, and life-changing moments such as learning to paraglide. A major highlight of her journey is crossing the Salar de Uyuni salt flats in Bolivia. Listen as Marta shares insights about facing fears, gaining self-confidence, and embracing the surprises of solo travel.You can follo Marta's adventures via instagram -@MartasWay and her YouTube Channel Find out more about our Seek Travel Ride Lightweight Bikepacking Tour!Join me for a 6 night - 5 day tour through the Pyrenees Foothills.Dates - June 28 - July 04Start and Finish: ToulouseFind Out more and Book Your Spot Here Big thanks to Old Man Mountain for supporting this episode of Seek Travel Ride. If you're loving this podcast and want to support the show, visit oldmanmountain.com/seektravelride Not only will you discover great gear for your cycling adventures, but you'll also help keep Seek Travel Ride going strong.Support the showEnjoying Seek Travel Ride? Buy me a coffee and help support the show!Thank you to RedShift Sports for supporting the show! - Check them out here Sign up to the Seek Travel Ride NewsletterLeave me a voicemail messageJoin the Seek Travel Ride Facebook group - Seek Travel Ride Music Playlist available now on both Spotify or Apple Music Follow us on Social Media!Instagram - @SeekTravelRideTwitter - @BellaCyclingWebsite: Seek Travel Ride Facebook - Seek Travel Ride

Dee has always found the idea of Santa Claus to be a bit creepy but he would never murder him in front of a group of screaming children like one-eyed, Nazi pedophile Paul Shafer who founded a fanatical Christian compound in Southern Chile. Listener calls in about Jewish Christmas. Sign up for the Sick and...

In this episode Mike talks with Barry Keating, the co-screenwriter of Invoking Yell (2024), the latest horror from Chilean director Patricio Valladares. Set in the isolated landscapes of Southern Chile, this atmospheric found-footage film follows a group of young women trying to record a black metal demo amidst strange, paranormal occurrences in the forest. What starts as a raw music venture quickly descends into a terrifying ordeal as eerie forces begin to lurk around every corner.Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/the-projection-booth-podcast--5513239/support.

In this episode Mike talks with Barry Keating, the co-screenwriter of Invoking Yell (2024), the latest horror from Chilean director Patricio Valladares. Set in the isolated landscapes of Southern Chile, this atmospheric found-footage film follows a group of young women trying to record a black metal demo amidst strange, paranormal occurrences in the forest. What starts as a raw music venture quickly descends into a terrifying ordeal as eerie forces begin to lurk around every corner.Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/the-projection-booth-podcast--5513239/support.

News headlines // 7:15AM // Loretta Beliniak, president of Friends Of Organ Pipes National Park, on the tireless work the group has been doing for over 50 years at Naarm's closest National Park. To follow their work or get involved, head to foopsnp on Instagram.  7:30AM // Afaf, an attendee at the community picket being held by Weapons Out of Naarm outside of A.W Bell in Dandenong, demonstrating against the organisation's complicity in genocide by producing parts for the F35 Fighter Jet, gives us a report from the ground. For more information head to weaponsoutofnaarm on Instagram. 7:45AM // Marisol Salinas Caicheo, First Nations woman and longtime 3CR broadcaster, speaking at the Global Fight to Protect Forests and Indigenous Communities, an event held at Black Spark in Northcote on 28 June and hosted by Degrowth Collective, about the stories of resistance of the Mapuche people, indigenous to Southern Chile and Argentina. Part 1 focuses on historical context and colonial tools to fragment and dispossess the Indigenous Mapuche population. 8:00AM // Part 2 of the talk from Marisol Salinas Caicheo, discussing the links between Chilean forestry plantations, human-mediated erosion and water insecurity; the role of police, military, and greedy multinationals; and remembering environmental activists like Macarena Valdés, who died under suspicious circumstances, to keep up the fight for land rights and native forests in so-called Chile. Please note that this talk involves discussion of suicide, please take care when listening. 8:15AM //  Kannagi speaks with Katie Sfetkidis, a multidisciplinary artist living and working on lands of the Wurundjeri and Boon Wurrung people, about her latest work - We the People x Yarra - a research project and community discussion about activist legacies and how community has historically driven social change. This conversation aired on Women on the Line and you can listen to the full episode at 3cr.org.au/womenontheline. For more information on We The People x Yarra and to get involved, go to melbournefringe.com.au and search for We The People x Yarra. Songs:Walking Out - Cable Ties Mother's Desk - Jen Cloher

Raised in Southern Chile in a family of farmers, teachers and pastors, Cristina never realized how all those areas could be linked with God's purposes to bring redemption to all his creatures. For most of her life, she worked as a staff member in a church in the big city, leaving her love for nature for holidays. In this delightful conversation, she shares the story of how some unexpected friendships and an internship with A Rocha Canada gave her a new purpose and a community. She co-founded the organization Fundación Retoño, where people can meet around a table and share their struggles and hopes, cook delicious local foods, work the land and walk the woods, figuring out how to protect and care for the piece of land they've been given. 

Somira Sao and her husband knew they didn't want to stop traveling after they had a family. So they took their sailboat and their three kids out on the seas. An unexpected stranding near the southern tip of Southern Chile was just a reminder that when raising kids in wild places it helps to be flexible. “Taking the Kids to Point Nemo” read by Molly Baker and written by Somira Sao. This episode of Patagonia Stories was produced by Patagonia and Cosmic Standard. See more at https://pat.ag/PataStories. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

The long awaited final episode is here and for it I present to you the lovely minds that contributed to the recently released “That's a Pretty Thing to Call It”. Learn from some of the writers as they reflect on their time spent with folks on the inside. To purchase “That's a Pretty Thing to Call It” click here. All proceeds from the book will go to support Dances for Solidarity, a project that acts in correspondence with the more than 200 people incarcerated in solitary confinement through its chapters in New York and Denver. Introducing The Speakers: Erin Wiley - Erin Wiley is a poet, creative writer and workshop facilitator who studied Anthropology and Peace & Social Justice at the University of Michigan. She spent many years facilitating open format creative writing workshops at various Michigan prisons through the Prison Creative Arts Project (PCAP), has worked in girls juvenile facilities and participated in theatre workshops at Women's Huron Valley Correctional Facility. Today, Erin lives in a remote part of Southern Chile as an adventure travel specialist, planning outdoor adventures for folks who wish to visit Patagonia. You can find her on instagram @superboamagic. Karla Robinson - Karla Robinson is a community based arts educator, conceptual artist, and poet, her multi-media work spans discipline and medium. Karla is the Poet in Residence at Sadie Nash Leadership Project and is a recipient of a Creatives Rebuild New York Artist Employment Program grant to start Document.Dream.Disrupt., a multi-generational, Bronx based boutique press dedicated to nurturing youth voices. Leigh Sugar - Leigh Sugar is a writer, educator, and mutli-disciplinary artist. She holds an MFA in poetry from NYU and an MPA in Criminal Justice Policy from John Jay College. She has taught writing to previously incarcerated scholars at CUNY's Institute for Justice and Opportunity, and facilitated writing workshops at various prisons in Michigan through the Prison Creative Arts Project. She has also taught poetry at NYU, Poetry Foundation, Hugo House, Justice Arts Coalition, and more. Her debut poetry collection, FREELAND, is forthcoming from Alice James Books (2025), and she created and edited the anthology "That's a Pretty Thing to Call It: Prose and poetry by artists teaching in carceral institutions" (New Village Press, 2023). A disabled and chronically ill artist, Leigh lives in Michigan with her pup Elmo. You can find her at leighksugar.com or on Instagram @lekasugar. Isaiah 41:10 "So do not fear, for I am with you; do not be dismayed, for I am your God. I will strengthen you and help you; I will uphold you with my righteous right hand." ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Instagram⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠ ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Website⁠

Tito Nazar, the founder of Gravel de Fuego, discusses the growth of gravel cycling in Chile and the unique challenges and beauty of the Patagonia region. He shares his personal journey from mountaineering to ultra running to gravel cycling, and how he was inspired to create the Gravel de Fuego event. The event features a sprint loop of 252 km and a 1000k race, both showcasing the stunning landscapes of Patagonia. Tito emphasizes the importance of experiencing nature and the sense of adventure that comes with ultra cycling. The event takes place in April and participants can fly into Santiago before traveling to Punta Arenas. Gravel Del Fuego Website and Instagram Episode Sponsor: Dynamic Cyclist (15% off with code TheGravelRide) Support the Podcast Join The Ridership  About The Guest(s): Tito Nazar is a gravel cyclist and race organizer from Chile. He grew up in Patagonia and has a deep connection with the region. Tito is the co-founder of Gravel de Fuego, a gravel race that takes place in the stunning landscapes of Patagonia. Summary: Tito Nazar, a gravel cyclist and race organizer from Chile, joins the show to discuss the Gravel de Fuego race and the beauty of Patagonia. Tito shares his background in mountaineering and ultra running before discovering gravel cycling. He talks about the growth of the gravel community in Chile and the unique challenges of gravel riding in Patagonia. Tito then dives into the details of the Gravel de Fuego race, including the sprint loop and the 1000k event. He highlights the breathtaking scenery, the logistics of the race, and the opportunity for riders to connect with nature. Tito also discusses the importance of timing the race in April to avoid extreme winds and rains. The conversation concludes with Tito explaining the process of crossing the waterway and the unique experience of finishing the race. Key Takeaways: - Gravel cycling is growing in popularity in Chile, particularly in Santiago. - Gravel de Fuego offers riders the opportunity to experience the stunning landscapes of Patagonia. - The sprint loop of the race showcases the iconic Torres del Paine mountains. - The 1000k event takes riders through diverse landscapes, including flat pampas and mountain ranges. - The race provides support and accommodations for riders, ensuring their safety and comfort. Automated Transcription, please excuse the typos: [00:00:00] Craig Dalton: Hello, and welcome to the gravel ride podcast, where we go deep on the sport of gravel cycling through in-depth interviews with product designers, event organizers and athletes. Who are pioneering the sport I'm your host, Craig Dalton, a lifelong cyclist who discovered gravel cycling back in 2016 and made all the mistakes you don't need to make. I approach each episode as a beginner down, unlock all the knowledge you need to become a great gravel cyclist. [00:00:28] Craig Dalton (host): This week on the podcast that got the great pleasure of welcoming Tito Nazar founder of gravel Delph Wigo out of Chile. To discuss the event, the growth of gravel in Chile and Patagonia. And the beauty of the region of Patagonia, he's going to share his personal journey from mountaineering to ultra running to gravel cycling and how he was inspired to create gravel the flag out. As an homage to his home region. Of Patagonia. As someone who's had the great pleasure of visiting Patagonia on a hiking trip previously, I would double click on that and encourage you to run over to Instagram and follow the gravel dove Wagga site. To see just what we're talking about. As we have this conversation. Before we jump into this conversation. I need to thank this week sponsor. Dynamic cyclist. If you're not familiar with dynamic cyclist. It's a video base, stretching and strength program focused on cyclists. The team over there has created a vast library of stretching and strengthening routines. Focus specifically on those problem areas that us as cyclists constantly endure as someone who's always struggled with mobility and flexibility, I've really welcomed these training sessions. Because there are only 15 minutes long, which means you can fit them into almost any day of the week. They focus on the various body parts that we overuse at cyclist and even have specific stretching programs for those problem areas. For me, it's the low back. So each winter. I follow their six week low back training program. In addition to the general stretching and strengthening training advice. They provide. Go on over to dynamics, cyclist and check it out. You can use the coupon code. A gravel ride. To get 15% off any of their plans, they do have a free trial. So there's no reason. Not to head on over to dynamics, cyclist.com and give it a try. With that business behind us, let's jump right into my conversation with Tito. [00:02:35] Craig Dalton (host): Tito, welcome to the show. [00:02:38] Tito Nazar (guest): Hello. [00:02:39] Craig Dalton (host): I'm super excited to have this conversation. It's been a while in the making. [00:02:43] Tito Nazar (guest): Thank you so much for your patience. Um, it required a lot of work on my side, but you've been very kind to me, so thank you for having me. [00:02:52] Craig Dalton (host): You had me at Patagonia. The moment you said that in your first email, I was like, I need to find out what Tito's all about. And the more I've learned over the years have left, left even more excited to have this conversation today. [00:03:08] Tito Nazar (guest): Yeah, Patagonia, well, it's such a powerful word. Uh, probably you agree with this. Um, yeah, Patagonia is very far south, don't you think? Close to Antarctica, maybe? [00:03:19] Craig Dalton (host): Indeed, I think it's the farthest South I've ever been and just putting it out there to those listening. I've been on a trekking trip in Patagonia, which covers the and jump in, correct me if I'm wrong, but the sort of southern area of Argentina and Chile is kind of the Patagonia region. And I had the pleasure of seeing some of the most beautiful mountains in the world on this track. And also some of the longest bus rides I feel like I've ever taken across the region to get from one point to another. [00:03:48] Tito Nazar (guest): And windy, maybe, no? Yeah. [00:03:51] Craig Dalton (host): A hundred percent. I think the first day, the sort of the female guide, she was wearing a ski hat and it was, it was not a cold time of year. And she was just basically like, Hey, if you're going to be out in this ripping wind all day, it's just nice to have something covering your ears. [00:04:06] Tito Nazar (guest): Patagonia, it's crazy. Um, I'm a very, I want to believe I'm a big fan of history, but also, yeah, I have a deep connection with the past and I think Patagonia is powerful because of our, of the aesthetics, the mountains, of course, but the history that surrounds, uh, the mountains is something that is hard to grasp and maybe to find. Uh, but of course I was born and raised there. So. I want to believe that I have a deep connection with my land. Uh, and that's why I'm very excited about this event because, um, of course, um, I want to show the world a different perspective, even, even to myself. Like I know my region climbing, ice skating, uh, skiing, but, uh, but graveling is a new thing in Chile and even more in Patagonia. [00:04:57] Craig Dalton (host): Yeah. We'll get into it in a minute because I know you described the sprint loop as being one of the most spectacular rides you've ever done. But before we get into the event itself, let's just talk a little bit about you and your background and how you came to the sport of gravel cycling. [00:05:14] Tito Nazar (guest): Mm, Mm, I began doing mountaineering. Uh, there is this guy, Ulishtek, have you heard of him? Um, may he rest in peace. Uh, okay. You know, the Banff, uh, festival was in, it was still taking, it takes place in Chile. So of course, if you were a rock climber following Chris, Chris Sharma, you know, Adam Ondra now these days, uh, and eventually Ulishtek show up in one of those videos, climbing the North face of the Eiger. So I was one of those fans and I've been. I was talking this with my girlfriend. I, I think I am very obsessed with going fast and light. I never liked trekking really, which I've been a trekking guide, but it was not my thing. I was always cutting grams and stuff, ounces, you would say. But what I'm trying to say is that, uh, I got into mountaineering, then I understood there was something called trail running and I became an auto runner, I guess around Leadville, 100. I did it. I got the big buck, big buckle. I don't know how many hours you have to do it. I don't remember the hours. Um, it was the only time I trained in my life and ultra. Then I knew it took me too many years. I had like a very conventional education, private schools and Catholicism. And I had to become an engineer. Nothing of that worked. And it took me many years to understand. I have like a deep passion for ultra stuff. We'll try whatever. So one person told me that if you had a bicycle, I could go super far over 200 Ks. That might be 160 miles. So maybe two months after I bought my first road bike, I hated it, but I just used it. And have you heard of this, uh, concept crack called Brevet? Brevet? This [00:07:07] Craig Dalton (host): Yes. Yeah. In fact, we just, I just had a friend on talking about Perry Russ Paris and explaining the Brevets and that whole culture. [00:07:15] Tito Nazar (guest): You see? Okay. So I did the 200, the 300, the 400, the 600 Ks. And I ended up not liking it. It was too easy because it's just road bikes. I'm not saying it's wrong, but it was lacking to me of a real adventure because, you know, it's everything too under control. And I don't know how gravel cycling showed up and I got myself another bike. And it was a gravel bike. And before it was something here in Chile, just before it became something, I was already graveling. And just exploring and, I've begun doing everything that you were supposed to do with a mountain bike. I was doing it with the gravel because it reminded me more of having like a steel frame when we were kids, probably. So that's how it went. And then the community began to grow and [00:08:05] Craig Dalton (host): And were you, were you living in, in Santiago at then at this point, I believe you grew up in Southern Chile, but you went to Santiago for college, right? [00:08:13] Tito Nazar (guest): that's right. Uh, sadly, yes, college. And then I, I went back to home and yeah, but I, but I was running a lot. So I've been running a lot, a lot. And cycling, it was basically the same thing. And graveling became an explosion just before COVID in Chile, just before, maybe a year before, uh, graveling culture exploded. So I took my bike to the South. Um, I am from Punta Arenas, very far in Patagonia. Very far South and I was just grappling, trying to understand what this was. And, uh, of course I had the, everybody's drama, uh, what tire with, uh, suspension or suspension bike packing, not by packing gravel racing. Um, how error should I be? Yeah, but, um, yeah, after, and after COVID, I came back to Santiago [00:09:06] Craig Dalton (host): Maybe to help people understand a little bit about what graveling is like in Chile. Where did you, where did you arrive with your bicycle setup? [00:09:16] Tito Nazar (guest): when, [00:09:17] Craig Dalton (host): When, when, what type of bike did you end up? Did you buy an aero bike? Did you buy a bike packing bike? What seems to be the best for the type of terrain you were enjoying? [00:09:27] Tito Nazar (guest): well, that's going to be a complicated discussion because, um, okay, I have to give a short perspective of how gravel behaves in this lovely country of mine. Uh, we don't have the, we talked about this, right, Craig, um, our gravel is not like this thing you get to see in unbound gravel or. Some of the races where you're like flowing and aero bars and everything is so nice and smooth. We have a more aggressive gravel. It's more rugged, uh, with more bigger rocks. It is very safe, but it's just not so fast rolling. This concept is different. So usually our gravel bikes in the, in this country, we have. Wide tires, at least 38 millimeters, 38C at least. Everybody's now going over 40s and suspension may be, it might be a topic, but you know, it makes it more expensive. Um, myself, I have an, uh, a racing, uh, frame because I'm obsessed with grams. I'm a weight weenie. I'm super weight weighting. My gravel bike must be 7. 3 kilos. That's like a pro tour bike, aero pro tour bike. It's the same weight as mine. So, but it's, but I have like a super amazing, can I say the brand or no? [00:10:39] Craig Dalton (host): Yeah, sure. [00:10:40] Tito Nazar (guest): I have René Hersey, René Herse. I've tested all the tires in the world and yeah, those are like by far the best. Um, there are two, you say supple, I think, absorption. My God, they're magical. So you can use, well, that, that's just my personal experiment. But, um, going back to the concept, um, I use a gravel racing bike, uh, not aero. But to ultralight, but people prefer to have more chunky tires, um, maybe heavier, but they focus, of course, more on, on comfort because that is the priority in a country such as this. [00:11:15] Craig Dalton (host): Yeah. When you, when you talk about sort of gravel beginning to take off kind of just before COVID and, and then the years afterwards, were you finding other gravel cyclists? Were they starting to crop up? Did you find a way to bring that community together? [00:11:32] Tito Nazar (guest): Well, in Patagonia itself, no, that is the honest, the honest truth. We were like three guys and it is growing. I will not lie, but it's, it's slow because in places such as Patagonia, where the weather, whether it's very unpredictable, mountain biking makes more and people were doing mountain biking on gravel. You know, so now it's a matter of, you know, the, the concept has to penetrate, um, over the, the community. Santiago is faster. Everything goes faster because, you know, Santiago is a capital of, I don't know anymore, 10 million people. So that means there's just too much going on. Events, of course, just everything takes place here and then it spreads, uh, all over the country. So I think something fascinating is not really connected to this podcast, but Chile is one of the most. Connected people to cell phones in the world, like whatever you do, if you show it on Instagram, people will know you can, maybe you will be on TV, nobody will see you, but on Instagram. So I guess we are more connected through, through social media. So I can tell you how much is growing maybe in Santiago and slower in the rest of the country, but it is growing, but the rates are different. The closer you are to the capital, of course, it's faster. [00:12:51] Craig Dalton (host): Yeah. And then at some point you got the bright idea to put on your first event and that was closer to Santiago, right? [00:12:59] Tito Nazar (guest): very close, like two hours and a half, and it, it was not done in Santiago because we don't really have real gravel in Santiago. So we thought, okay, where's the closest place for real gravel? And it's like, yeah, it's in a place called Navidad. The, we are separated in regions, and those region regions are separated in municipalities. I don't know if that the word. [00:13:20] Craig Dalton (host): Yep. Sure. [00:13:21] Tito Nazar (guest): the municipality of NIDA is where we take place because. We thought it was one of the best gravels we have found in the entire country, really. But it was not myself. It was, um, two friends of mine, um, that, uh, Juan and Luis, he was just here and we are partners and friends. Um, and we invented this crazy race called Gravel Coast. That was our first event almost four years ago. [00:13:48] Craig Dalton (host): And what, what's the Gravel Coast event like? [00:13:53] Tito Nazar (guest): Well, we call it, we invented it somehow inspired in unbound in what's happening in the North Amer in North America. We feel very connected, especially my friend Luon. Uh, Luis, uh, Luchon likes, he knows all the athletes of your country, what's happening there, what's happening with the bikes. He likes the technology and everything. So, and I also feel very connected with many events over there because of Lifetime company. You know, it's, you know, they, they, they have some understanding about marketing, so it hits all the way down here. So we, we try to make an, let's say an adaptation. Of what you are, what these people are building over there and maybe adapted to our reality because we don't have this once again, even though it's a great gravel quality, it's not like a super fast rolling concept. It is more, it is a, it is a real challenge to finish a gravel coast race. Don't get me wrong. Anything can do it. I mean, many people, but you have to, you have to be prepared. I mean, our 200 miles are just insane. You know, there's too much climbing. So that means you're going to be on the saddle a bunch of hours. You're going to be proud of finishing gravel coast. That's why we say [00:15:07] Craig Dalton (host): and is it, is it a 200 mile event? The Gravel Coast? [00:15:11] Tito Nazar (guest): we have last year, we had 70 Ks, a hundred, I forgot my members so weak, but 120 Ks, a two 40 Ks and a three 20 Ks, which is a, which is a 200 miles now for the final event that is taking next year, that is 2024. It's in October. That is our spring. Um, it's going to be. Um, 50 miles, a hundred miles and 200 miles. [00:15:37] Craig Dalton (host): Gotcha. Gotcha. Now let's talk about the event you're going to be kicking off in 2024. What inspired you? Yeah, the big one. What, what inspired you to take the mantle and create this event yourself? What inspired you of where you're placing it? I have so many questions about Gravel Del Fuego. [00:16:01] Tito Nazar (guest): Oh, I really love my country. Uh, especially Patagonia. Um, it's hard to explain, but okay. I'm, I'm, I'm super lucky person because my father taught me how to fish, hunt, and some scuba diving. And Tierra del Fuego Island, it is a place that everybody wishes to see. But there is no development. There is no, there's not many, unless you're like a person who likes fly fishing and can pay on a helicopter, that is the only way maybe you can access to the island. Now it's getting more popular, but 20 years ago, I mean, if you were not a gaucho, you know, these people that take care of their cattle over there, or if you were not like a fisherman or maybe crazy guy, you had no idea what, I mean, you, you knew what the island was, but. No way you will dare to dive into it. I think that thing is still happening, but I am so lucky. I know the island because of my father. He took me fly fishing all the time with a truck. Don't get me wrong, not on a helicopter. And we will just, you know, get into river rivers and he will bring his boat and we will just try to catch some salmons and trouts. And so I had that first approach. And I saw the island just like that, but then I ended up being working for a king penguin colony. I mean, not for the penguins themselves, but from the owner of the, of the park. And I began to understand that was tourism. This was like, this was the real future of the islands. And then I ended up working for some company of the government for a commercial. I can show it to you on YouTube. I look very pathetic. And believe it or not, I was the model. They call me and I was like, have you seen pictures of me? I'm not a model. They were like, no, but we need somebody adventurous, blah, blah, blah. So I saw once again, the entire island. Without this tourism vision, time passed and it took me like three years to launch this race. I was not daring. I was wondering if I had the experience, but after all the events we've done these days, I mean, accumulated until today, it gave us the guts to, okay, now we know we have the capacity. I have the understanding. I've been in races where people have been in trouble in Patagonia. So I saw what was wrong. So I was able to understand how I can provide some safety. to secure people to enjoy the experience and not to be, you know, traumatized. Um, so it's been a long process. I don't know if that response answers the question, but, um, it was maybe a lack, a matter of luck of having one vision and then to have a more modern vision of how tourism come dive into the island. And show it to the world. [00:18:48] Craig Dalton (host): Yeah, I think it's a fairly common kind of expression from race organizers that they've just been somewhere where they want other people to see And a very small number of you out there in the world, take it upon yourself to map something, to organize something, to bring people together. So I'm always super excited. And I was bemused by the distance of your sprint event. Your sprint is 252 kilometers, which is only a sprint in relative to the grand daddy event, which is how many kilometers for the full full event. [00:19:27] Tito Nazar (guest): uh, actually I did the conversion. Um, the, the, the sprint is 150 miles. I know it's a sprint. It's an irony. It's an irony. And then that we have the big, uh, uh, route that is a thousand case that is, uh, roughly 654 miles, 600, 654 miles. [00:19:48] Craig Dalton (host): Okay. So let's, let's talk about them quickly independently of one another and let's start off with the sprint event of roughly 150 miles. Can you just sort of walk us through what the vision was? And I believe you were telling me earlier, this was the loop that really was magical in your mind. If you were going to do any one thing, do it for one 24 hour period. This is the loop you would want to share with the world. So let's talk about it. [00:20:17] Tito Nazar (guest): Well, I have to, I have to confess. Um, I have to confess that everything was born from Tierra del Fuego. I, one of the obsessions I like to do is I like to do things that people have not done ever because it's more adventurous when something is done and you're trying to break the record, you have one warranty, which is. You can make it because it is already done, but when something has never been done, there is more mystery. There's more uncertainty and I crossed the island from the north to the south in gravel racing non sleeping mode for the first time ever and back then I was already building the idea of making a race. But I wasn't sure and then the upper section of the entire race, I speak of the 600 miles race. I've done it many times driving because I was a guide and also I was hunting with my father in some sections too, uh, birds. Um, when I say high hunting, whatever I killed, I ate it. So please don't be upset people. Um, having said that, um, what was the question? Sorry. [00:21:20] Craig Dalton (host): Well, I wanted to talk through both of the distances and sort of the vision and starting with the sprint loop. Like, what is, what would the riders be experiencing? [00:21:30] Tito Nazar (guest): Yeah. Okay. My apologies. Uh, the short loop was kind of logical because it is. It enters the famous park, national park, uh, called Torres del Paine. Torres del Paine are these granite towers, um, that are super insane. These spikes elevate thousands of meters up the sky and they're breathtaking. [00:21:52] Craig Dalton (host): quick, quick aside, I literally have a picture of the mountains you're describing in my kitchen. [00:21:57] Tito Nazar (guest): You see, it proves something, [00:21:58] Craig Dalton (host): it's amazing. [00:22:00] Tito Nazar (guest): right? Um, so, um, sadly, because of a matter of logistics, we cannot make it shorter. Uh, we will have to bring people to, I don't know, closer to the mountains, but that would mean to move the people and their bikes, and that is just impossible. Chile is a very expensive country, so, sorry, that's the best we can do. And what you're going to see is that, I mean, from the mile 60, you get to see the towers right away. Uh, the videos are, are on the Instagram of the, uh, gravel del fuego. That is the name of the race. And yeah, I mean, as you are pedaling, correct. You're just looking at the towers from one angle. Then you get to see more of the three towers because there are three towers. Uh, and then one of the towers hides. And then you just get to see two, but then you see this cold mountain called Almirante Nieto, which is full of glaciers. And yet you get to see the entire faces of the, of these, of these guys. I mean, I'm sorry, of the Almirante Nieto. You leave away Almirante Nieto, and then you see the horns, Los Cuernos, the horns of the Paine, which are these granite, once again, towers that on top, they have, uh, volcanic material. Which is the black dots on top of them. And that is amazing. Like I just, today I just put some stories on the Instagram, how beautiful they are. And then you final finish, finish with the final peak, the highest one, which is called Paine Grande, Big Paine. Then it has a huge plateau of just glaciers. Um, I'm sorry, I get excited, but I don't know if that So that is the point of the sprint. I know it's not a sprint, of course, but we made it. Available for all people because they have 20 hours to finish the race. That is a lot of hours. You can contemplate, you can stop, you can eat. And, but it's just, I don't know. Uh, I wish people, I guess I have to invite them to get into the website and see the pictures, like we went on April. So people would see how the landscape is going to look for them. It's just amazing. I mean, contemplating mounting as you pedal, it cannot be any better. Don't you think [00:24:01] Craig Dalton (host): Yeah, no, I agree. And your enthusiasm is absolutely warranted. And again, I encourage everybody to follow gravel. If I go on Instagram and go to the website, you'll see the pictures, you'll see what we're talking about, and you'll see that even the most monotone individual can not help, but be effusive about how beautiful that region is. When you think about that loop and you think about the writers, they have 20 hours, you know, inevitably there'll be some person, some people who are racing it. What do you think one can get around the loop in with 20 hours being the maximum? What do you think sort of the minimum winning race time might be? [00:24:39] Tito Nazar (guest): that's a big one? Um, well, I already have my cartoon one possible winner. His name is, I'm going to say him because he saw the race. When I invented the race, he was the first guy who saw the circuit, the final circuit. Some other friends helped me, uh, I have to name him because he's a very. Great inspiration for ultra community. His name is Canuto Razoris. We've done some crazy stuff together. Actually, we did the Everest thing, road cycling together. And next week, Andres Tagle, the, uh, maybe the best graveler we have in the country. He saw the circuit. I mean, next, next week he did the Everest thing. Since then we became friends and. He saw the Gravel de Fuego concept and he was like, Tito, I'm so in, this is the best, the best race ever. Let's do it. He, he will not do the sprint. I think he will go for the thousand, but if somebody of that caliber will go, he can make the race in nothing. I don't know. I would have to do the math, but it would be 23Ks. I can, let me do it real quick. But people that are very fast and it's legal to draft, so they can do it very quick. Um, they can do it under seven hours. If not less. Andres is detonated. We say in Spanish, Andres is detonated. It's, it's, he's reaching levels that are, he's going probably, I'm guessing he's going to unbound and he's going for something big. Um, let's pray for [00:26:03] Craig Dalton (host): Yeah, interesting. We'll have to keep our eyes open for him. And then the, the um, The 1000k event, totally different, you know, ball game. You're, you're talking about six and a half days [00:26:16] Tito Nazar (guest): Yes. [00:26:17] Craig Dalton (host): To complete it on the, on the outside, talk a little bit about that experience. You mentioned earlier that it goes down into, um, Tierra del Fuego. So you'll, you'll do the same loop as the sprint, but also head way down to the very, very Southern tip, right? [00:26:33] Tito Nazar (guest): Yes. That's right. Allow me to say just a little thing because when people hear Patagonia, they hear, they think wind, wind, and then they think rain, rain. And this is very important, uh, Craig, uh, we did the racing on April with, that is autumn is fall. It's not summer. And the question is why don't you do it in summer? I mean, it's warmer. The answer is yes, but yes, it's warmer, but the wind is way stronger in our spring and our summer way more. So that's why people think of wind because they come in the high season when, when they think it's better. But the thing is in fall, the amount of wind is way less, it's way less, like, I don't know, way slower. I'm saying 80 percent of the max wind speed you get to have in summer, uh, you have only 20 percent that speed. In April, and the same happens with the rains when it rains. It rains a lot in summer, but if it does in April, it could be more like a shower. So eventually you just can keep pedaling, but it's, it is colder. Of course it is colder, but it's not extreme cold. So it's what, and the, and finally is the landscape because Patagonia is great. But sadly, what people don't know, and I guess I don't know if it's sad or not, but what I'm trying to share is the most beautiful contrasts of colors you get to have them in, in April because it's fall. So the, the trees are orange. So you have the glaciers that are already, and then you have the high mountains already with snow because it's freezing on top of them. But you get to have this contrast of these trees with green and the farther you go South is orange. And that's why. And finally, we did the circuit in a way where if there is wind. It's going to be on your tail. That's why it [00:28:19] Craig Dalton (host): I was going to, [00:28:20] Tito Nazar (guest): to south. [00:28:21] Craig Dalton (host): I was going to ask you that because the coast of California is the same way. It can have a ripping wind, but you know, nine days out of 10, it's always going to be from the North to the South. [00:28:31] Tito Nazar (guest): Exactly the same here. I mean, I'm speaking from a point of view of mathematics, something, some, this is Patagonia. Everything is unpredictable. Sometimes, of course we can have great wind, but if it does, once again, it should be on your tail, not on your head, not in your head, which is awful. So. Yeah, that is very, very, very important to be mentioned because there is an explanation for choosing not summer, right? [00:28:56] Craig Dalton (host): exactly. So this, this, um, 1000 K course also has a pretty significant amount of climbing. So you're obviously picking some of that up in the, in the first sprint loop, but then as you go South, are you going over large mountain peaks along the way? [00:29:15] Tito Nazar (guest): No, it's very fascinating because when you go to Torres del Paine area, as we talked, you get to see the mountains, but then you go south and it's fascinating because. Eventually, when you go south, then you're going to go east following the extreme border of Argentina. Technically, many places you're going to look to your left, and that is going to be Argentina itself. Like you, you can literally cross illegally to Argentina. Um, not that I have done it, uh, but, uh, it's fascinating. I promise you. that area is so flat. It's so flat. It's, I have pictures posted already. I've never seen something like that, not on gravel, like infinite flatness of a straight road for miles, for miles, I promise you, and then you go South once again, and then you are as soon as long as you're going more and more South, you're somehow approaching a mountain range, which is not famous is called Darwin mountain range that is just before the ocean that touches the Antarctica, the farther you go South, You get to climb, but, um, but it's very graveling, rolling, very decent pace, most of the circuit. And when I say this, I'm saying of 70 percent of the circuit, the rest of it, especially at the end, very, very end, you get to have mountains for real. And they're beautiful, but it's the final challenge. [00:30:38] Craig Dalton (host): That's right. How do you imagine cyclists approaching the thousand K in terms of where will they be sleeping? What does that end up looking like? [00:30:48] Tito Nazar (guest): That's a good question. Um, what, what we did is in the website, we created something called. I don't know English, but it's like, uh, it's like, um, we call it the guide of the race and we put every single campaign, hostel, hotel where you can sleep. So you somehow you can make a schedule of where you can sleep, where you're going to go. So, or maybe as you are writing, you can arrange a bed for you to be waiting, to be waiting for you. Um. I think I'm pretty sure it's something like not many races of this distance to have, and we're very proud of it because you can somehow be more safe because in other races, it's like from point A from point B follow the circuit. Good luck. See you soon. And you have, you have to fix it for yourself to give more safety for the people we did so, so I can tell you, and actually we have 12 checkpoints. Many races of this distance, they have only, I don't know, two or three, by a miracle, five checkpoints. We have twelve. And most of them, they're hotels, hostels, so if you're tempted to, for a hot shower, you'll have it. If you don't have money, or you don't want to spend money, many of them, they have, like, a place for you to put a, set a tent. I have friends that they're coming like this, that crazy, um, more sacrificed style. Um, but also if you're graveling and you want to crash it, um, you can program very well many places to stay, even though there's not many, much traffic, not many cars moving along the circuit, just ourselves. Um, when I say ourselves, the, the organizers where we have eight vehicles for safety. Um, there are many places where you can be sleeping and you're not going to be so, so. Abandoned in the nothingness of the Patagonia, [00:32:38] Craig Dalton (host): And will, will the same, uh, would you make the same comment about the ability to resupply with food and water? [00:32:45] Tito Nazar (guest): um, for the two 50 case, they're very safe in the, actually there's the, um, the big loop also. I mean, the big circuits, because the force, the first four checkpoints, they will have water isotonic and some fruits. So that will make it for most of it. I mean, especially for the sprint, but the, for the rest of the guys, uh, I have arranged a few spots where. Uh, where they can buy food, uh, and many places, as I said, they have, they have hostels, hotels and nice people that they want to be involved with the community and this event. I have seen them a few, a few times making sure that it will be open and many of them are just waiting these people like, and so, yeah, they will find food. But of course, the thousand K's have to be a little more careful. You know, the type of nutrition they require is different. The amount of calories, uh, but it's all mostly settled. Yeah, [00:33:42] Craig Dalton (host): Gotcha. And it looks like at some point you have to cross a waterway. Is there a ferry that the riders will be taking? [00:33:48] Tito Nazar (guest): that's right. Um, yeah, I'm very excited about it because that requires logistics from the point of view of the, the, the athletes, right? Um, I've done the math and, um, and most of the winners. Uh, they shall not have to wait for the ferry to, I mean, here's the thing. The ferry works from, I don't remember, I think from eight in the morning until 23 PM. Uh, 23 hours that, so that's a huge gap, but that doesn't guarantee everybody will cross. So first of all, just before the ferry, 2016 miles before the ferry, maybe there is a town that I already have talked many, uh, have had many meetings with them. They're going to supply us, uh, like a gymnasium where they have beds and everything for emergency. If people want to stay, if people want to pay for more comfort, that's no problem. Um, But I would say like the 40 maybe more, maybe 55 percent 40 percent of the strongest of the racers will make it without waiting for the ferry, because this ferry is crossing from the continent to the island. Um, every 30 minutes, maybe an hour at the most it's a 20 minute minutes cross. And it's beautiful because you're crossing what is called the Magellanic Strait. Before the Panama channel, the only way you can make it to the other side, right. I think it was discovered in [00:35:06] Craig Dalton (host): That was the farthest I ever made it. I made it to the side of the Straits of Magellan on the northern side to look at the strait, but I didn't make it across. [00:35:15] Tito Nazar (guest): You see? Yeah. So I'm not lying. You see? Um, so yeah, I think there is like a deep symbolism in it because it's also brings adventure. It brings more, more of a challenge, but also. Maybe once again, maybe you want to take it slow. I have, we have people from Spain and they want to take it slow. They want to take the six days and a half and they want to sleep just before the ferry, because they just want to see everything on daylight. So everything has been done like thinking of that, like gravel races, but they don't want to wait for the ferry. Would they just want to get to the other side as fast as possible? I think we are going to manage that slower. People can make it to the other side without waiting. Yes. Some others. We'll be forced to be waiting. Of course. I mean, there is a schedule, but, um, I think it's, I want to believe it's well, very well [00:36:03] Craig Dalton (host): it was the perfect, you mentioned the, those final mountains. I think they were, they were the Magellan mountains. Are they on Tierra del Fuego? [00:36:13] Tito Nazar (guest): Yeah, no, but they are the Darwin mountain range. We are, as you are getting close by. Yeah, that's all right. Um, so many names. It's like, there's no way I know all the mountains in your country. And no worries. Um, the Darwin mountain range, as I said, yes. You're getting so close to them that that's why you have this, um, this, we call them peaks. Um, and it's funny because in between, before every climb, there is a lagoon on, not a lagoon, um, how do you say, a lake on the other side. And they're very famous for fly fishing. Actually, my father. Walked to the first lake. It took him three days to get there because there was no road before you had to go, no GPS, like it's crazy. I have pictures of my father climbing those mountains that now you can do go on a bicycle in a super safe way. Um, but yeah, it's beautiful. I mean, the last 300 case. I mean, everything has its beauty, right? Because, um, Torres del Paine National Park, it's mind blowing. There are no words. You have to see it until you see it. And then you see, and then you understand. And it's going to be in your heart forever. Then you deal with the Pampa, which is the steep, you say in English, with this total flatness that drives you crazy. But it's like super graveling, fast rolling. Uh, there is a video where I'm pedaling, I don't know, 20 something miles per hour. On aero mode, like flying over the course, and then you have some sections of the Pampa and the final 200 miles are just too impressive. It's too beautiful because then you get to dive yourself into the, into the forest. And there are some sections where it's just, you're in caves covering this beautiful, um, I don't know. It's hard to say it in English. Um. Because I do believe this, I do feel this race is, I don't know for me, but here's the point, Greg, uh, if you do a race for one point for point a point B, it can be an experience, right? But I want to believe that ultra cycling, any ultra thing we do. There is an opportunity to know yourself and one of the best ways to know yourself is to be dive, like super dived into the nature, like in immersed, you know what I'm saying? There is a moment in life where you feel you're aware that you are you, but also you are somehow aware this is going to be too romantic, but you can be aware of the leaves. You can be aware of the dirt. You can be aware of the, of the water and somehow you really feel part of everything. I want to believe this race can give you that, especially in the beginning and at the bottom. [00:38:54] Craig Dalton (host): I, I love it, Tito. That was perfect. And I totally agree with you. There's something that that's sort of transcendent when you're on the bike for multiple days in a row, whether. It's as simple as bicycle touring or as adventurous as an event like this, you just become closer to nature than you ever could on a, on a day by day long bike ride. [00:39:15] Tito Nazar (guest): I meant to that, [00:39:16] Craig Dalton (host): Yes. So Tito, at the very end of this race, you're quite far away from where you started. What happens at the end? [00:39:26] Tito Nazar (guest): uh, well, I have to extract people. Here's the thing. Um, remember we spoke about the wind and everything we could make the race somehow to make you for you to return by yourself, pedaling from the South to the North. But as we talked before, the wind comes from the North from the Northwest. So that means probably the wind is going to be in your head. And even though it's, um, slower, less powerful compared to the summer, uh, we are taking everybody by ourselves. You get to the finish line. There is a sign that says end of the road. It's very perfect. And we're going to set up tents. And every time we gather four people, we get them on a, on a vehicle, on a pickup truck, and we have to drive them. We have to extract them from the islands to the main city, which is called Portvenir, where my mother was born. Um, and yeah, and, uh, that's how then they can take another ferry. This is another ferry because there are two access, uh, through the island. A small ferry that is in the race, but then there is a longer one, which is like an hour and a half on this ferry to where you get to the capital of the region that is Punta Arenas. Um, so, so, but it's a long road. I mean, we have to drive them like, I don't know, from this, from the finish to the city, Porvenir. Oof, almost four hours. And before that, we fall, we drop them to the, in the city. We give them as a gift, the, uh, the, I don't know the gift, I guess. I'm sorry. We give them the access to see the penguin. Remember I told you we work in, I work in the King penguin. Protected area. Okay. Um, we already talked to the owners, um, to the people over there and the money of the entrance for the pink king penguin is goes directly into the protection of these king penguins and, and participants can see them directly as a gift [00:41:15] Craig Dalton (host): That's, that's so much fun. Tell it, tell us again when, when is the event happening? What's the event date? [00:41:23] Tito Nazar (guest): April 13th, all the way to the 20th. A bunch of days. [00:41:29] Craig Dalton (host): And when the listeners of this podcast want to book their tickets and come to the event, how do you, how do you get there? Do you fly into Santiago and then fly south? [00:41:39] Tito Nazar (guest): Yeah. If, for example, in your case, like anybody, everybody's case, um, situation, they have to fly to Santiago. Well said, uh, to the capital of the country, that's Santiago of Chile. And from Santiago of Chile, there are too many flights, uh, all the way. My recommendation would be to fly to Punta Arenas. Punta Arenas, which means, it means Sandy Point. Um, Punta Arenas is P U Q, um, if you want to look for the airport and there are buses all the time going to Puerto Natales, where the race really starts. Um, it's for a small fee must be like, well, with the bike might be. 10, 000 Chilean pesos, which is, I don't know, 14. Um, but yeah, my recommendation would be to fly to Santiago, Santiago, Punta Arenas, Punta Arenas, a bus, which is three hours bus from Punta Arenas, Puerto Natales. It's crazy. [00:42:30] Craig Dalton (host): like that's part of, it's part of the Patagonian experience spending some time on a bus. [00:42:35] Tito Nazar (guest): If you want to see the beautiness and loneliness of everything. Yeah, that's how it is. [00:42:40] Craig Dalton (host): Yeah, amazing, amazing. Tito, thank you so much for coming on and telling us about Gravel del Fuego. I hope the event is a big success. I know from experience the region is absolutely stunning, and it's amazing that you've taken the time to put this route together, and I can't wait for gravel cyclists all around the world to come and experience this region. [00:43:02] Tito Nazar (guest): Thank you for your time, Craig. Um, I want to put this, uh, recorded you're welcome. Uh, if you want to come to the race, just, um, let's see if you are crazy. And when I have this crazy adventure with me and experience the Patagonia one more time on two wheels, um, it will be an honor. I do mean it. I mean, I listened to your podcast. I mean, it will be an honor. So yeah, I want you [00:43:28] Craig Dalton (host): would, I would love that and appreciate it, and I will a hundred percent get to Patagonia again in my lifetime. It's just, it's too special a place not to revisit in, in, in my lifetime. Once again, [00:43:40] Tito Nazar (guest): Thank you. Thank you for your [00:43:41] Craig Dalton (host): again, Tito. That's going to do it for this week's edition of the gravel ride podcast. And in fact, at December 19th, that's going to be our last episode for the year and we'll pick it up again. In 2024. Huge. Thanks to all you listeners for supporting me this year. I wouldn't do it without your feedback and encouragement big, thanks to all the sponsors, including this week sponsor. Dynamic cyclists. If you, as an individual are interested in supporting the show, one of the best things you can do for me is leave me a strong rating or review on your favorite podcast platform that really helps with discoverability or feel free to visit. Buy me a coffee.com/the gravel ride. If you're able to support us financially. Until next time. And until next year, here's to finding some dirt under your wheels.  

⭐ My guest today is Lila Preston, Head of Generation Growth Equity. Generation Growth Equity is a part of the larger Generation Investment Management, an investment management firm founded in 2004 by former US Vice President Al Gore and Goldman Sachs' Asset Management head David Blood, with a focus on sustainable investment options. They now manage about $40B. Generation Growth Equity invests globally in growth-stage, private companies with proven technology and commercial traction, run by talented, mission-driven management teams. They take active minority positions in companies that are driving broad-based, system-positive change. They're now investing out of their fourth fund, a $1.7B vehicle. Lila joined Generation in 2004. Previously, she was a director of finance and development at VolunteerMatch in San Francisco and was also a Fulbright Fellow in Southern Chile. She received a BA in English and Latin American Studies from Stanford University and an MBA from London Business School. She serves on the board of Nature's Fynd and as a board observer for CiBO Technologies, Optoro, and Pivot Bio. She is also on the Board of Advisors at Columbia University's Mailman School of Public Health and is a Young Global Leader of the World Economic Forum. ---

If you have anything to add to this story, email PegasusThePenguin@gmail.com and keep the research going! Check back here for more corrections: 1) There were two types of runways used on Oct 8, 1970. The Connies, with their wheeled landing gear, would land on an airstrip that was glacial ice. So it was a hard, solid surface. Pilots say it's not very different than landing on tarmac except for braking. The Hercs, with their skis, used a landing strip made of compacted snow that accumulated over ice. So Peggy's wheels would have ruined that runway. Also, just for note, the ice airstrip moves annually since it's on a glacier and the Navy recalibrates it annually but that had not yet been done on 10/8/70 | 2) point of safe return, not point of no return! | 3) NZ isn't the closest you can get to Antarctica, Southern Chile is! | 4) the nose landing gear hit the ice, not the nose itself --- Send in a voice message: https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/thepodcrashed/message Support this podcast: https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/thepodcrashed/support

After the capsize of a migrant boat off the Greek coast BBC Arabic's Murad Shishani went to the Greek port of Kalamata to meet relatives hoping to find their loved ones. One man was waiting for news of 30 relatives and acquaintances from the Egyptian district of Sharkia. So why are so many trying to leave this place? Pakistanis were one of the largest groups of migrants on the boat, including many from Pakistan Administered Kashmir. BBC Urdu's Umer Draz Nangiana visited the village of Bundli, home to 28 men on that boat, only 2 of whom survived, to find out what drove them to risk the journey. The Settlers "The Settlers" film shows how Patagonia, in Southern Chile and Argentina, was colonised by Chilean and European settlers, including brutal raids against the indigenous Selk'nam people. BBC Mundo's Paula Molina explains modern Chileans' interest in the Selk'nam, and in this part of their own history. Saving lives after the dam-burst in Russian occupied areas BBC Russian's Olga Ivshina explains how volunteers working in the Russian occupied areas of Ukraine helped save civilians trapped by the floods using local boats. South Korea's reclusive youth A growing number of young people in South Korea are choosing to withdraw from society. Hyunjung Kim of BBC Korean finds out why, and what the government and former recluses are doing to try and help them. (Photo: Framed photo of missing son believed drowned on migrant ship. Credit: BBC)

Porsche's synthetic gasoline factory comes online today in Chile | Ars Technica (01:07) A Chilean startup called Highly Innovative Fuels officially opened its first synthetic gasoline production facility.  Result of a collaboration between the automaker Porsche, Siemens Energy, Exxon Mobil, Enel Green Power, the Chilean state energy company ENAP, and Empresas Gasco.  What is synthetic fuel or synfuel? A feedstock is a raw material that is used as a source of energy or as a starting material for the production of a product. A type of fuel that is made from synthetic hydrocarbons Typically produced from coal, natural gas, or biomass through a process known as the Fischer-Tropsch process.  Synthetic fuel is a direct drop-in for pump gasoline Initially, the site will produce around 34,000 gallons (130,000 L) a year, Scaling up to 14.5 million gallons (55 million L) a year by 2024. Plans to increase that tenfold to 145 million gallons (550 million L) a year by 2026.  The site, located in Punta Arenas in Southern Chile, will use wind to power the processThe area sees high winds roughly 270 days a year, and a wind turbine can expect to produce up to four times as much energy as one in Europe. Conversion process of the plant:The e-fuel plant will use wind power to electrolyze water into hydrogen and oxygen.  The hydrogen is then combined with carbon captured from the air or industrial sources to synthesize methanol. The methanol in turn can then be converted into longer hydrocarbons to be used as fuel. HIF has long-term plans to build out 12 synthetic fuel plants worldwide, including locations in the US and Australia, with a goal of each site capturing 2 million metric tons of CO2 per year.Could be an incentive for CO2 capture! It is NOT CHEAPAt current prices, it works out to around $8 per gallon ($2/L), although that obviously doesn't include any taxes or duties NASA Discovers Pair of Super-Earths With 1,000-Mile-Deep Oceans | SciTechDaily (08:24) Astronomers have uncovered a pair of planets that are water worlds unlike any planet found in our solar system.Slightly larger than Earth, they don't have the density of rock, but they are denser than gas giants in our solar system What are they made of? The best answer is that these exoplanets have global oceans at least 500 times deeper than the average depth of Earth's oceans, which simply are a wet veneer on a rocky ball. They orbit the red dwarf star Kepler-138, located 218 light-years away in the constellation Lyra.Called Kepler-138 c and Kepler-138 d Planets were initially found in 2014 with NASA's Kepler Space Observatory.  But with follow-up observations with the Spitzer and Hubble space telescopes they found that the planets must be composed largely of water.  The discovery was made by a team of researchers at the University of Montreal lead by Caroline Piaulet.By comparing the sizes and masses of the planets to models, the astronomers concluded that a significant fraction of their volume should be made of materials that are lighter than rock but heavier than hydrogen or helium. Most common being water.  The closest size comparison, say researchers, would be some of the icy moons in the outer solar system (i.e. Europa, Enceladus) that are also largely composed of water surrounding a rocky core. But don't expect the water to be the same as the water you see here. According to Piaulet:“The temperature in Kepler-138 d's atmosphere is likely above the boiling point of water, and we expect a thick dense atmosphere made of steam on this planet. Only under that steam atmosphere there could potentially be liquid water at high pressure, or even water in another phase that occurs at high pressures, called a supercritical fluid.” A supercritical fluid is a substance that is in a state between a gas and a liquid and exhibits unique properties that are intermediate between the two phases. (Not a pressure to be solid) Gene therapy cures kids with rare “bubble-boy” disease in new trial | New Atlas (12:18) A rare genetic disease, called Severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID), renders children without a functioning immune system from birth has been effectively cured by an experimental gene therapy. SCID is a collection of genetic diseases that result in impaired immune functions.  Informally known as the "bubble-boy" disease The study is reporting on the first 10 children treated with the therapy, all of whom are now healthy and living normal lives. The two most common forms of SCID – X-SCID and ADA-SCID – have been successfully treated with an experimental gene therapy.The patient's bone marrow stem cells are harvested, modified with a healthy copy of the targeted gene, and then infused back into their bodies. This form of gene therapy uses a modified virus to deliver its healthy gene payload. Sometimes cancerous side effects. Because those viruses can only enter a cell's nuclei when it's dividing they can potentially generate adverse side effects.  Many researchers have shifted to using modified lentiviruses as the optimal viral vector for gene therapies.Enter the nuclei of non-dividing cells meaning they should be safer and more effective. In 2021, a more long-term study tracking 50 children with ADA-SCID treated with lentiviral gene therapy found every subject was alive and healthy three years later. The 10 children in this latest study were treated for ART-SCID, which is an extremely rare version of SCID and difficult to treat. Over two years after the initial treatment all 10 children are reported as healthy and living normal lives. Jennifer Puck, co-lead investigator on the study, discusses the results:“All of the results are better than those previously seen with Artemis-SCID patients who received donor bone marrow transplants … Having patients in the trial achieve full T-cell immunity is outstanding. B-cell recovery takes longer, but so far it looks as if the patients also have a far better chance for B-cell reconstitution than they would with a regular bone marrow transplant. Successfully using less chemotherapy is also a big win, minimizing the harmful side effects of full dose busulfan in small infants.” Larger studies are needed (as always), but the results are extraordinarily promising, pointing to a future where this genetic disease can be cured soon after birth. Proof-of-concept drone flight delivers transplant lung to patient in Toronto | TechXplore (17:37) A team of researchers have demonstrated the feasibility of using drones to carry human organs for transplantation to nearby locales.  A drone carried a human lung donated by a deceased patient at one hospital in downtown Toronto, Canada, to another patient needing a new lung waiting in another hospital, also in downtown Toronto. This feasibility study was meant to test the use of drones for carrying donated organs on a regular basis.Drone used was the Chinese-made M600 Pro Added new electronics designed specifically for strong connectivity—the drone is steered on its path by a human pilot. Added a parachute, lights, several cameras, GPS trackers and a recovery system. Finally, they removed the landing gear and replaced it with a container box specifically designed to keep organs cool during transport. They had the drone carry objects from point to point, testing all of its features. After 400 such test flights, they deemed their drone ready The proof-of-concept flight:Took off from Toronto Western Hospital with the drone carrying a donated lung Flew to Toronto General Hospital, just two kilometers away The lung was delivered and safely implanted into the waiting patient.  The researchers suggest their approach can be used for short-distance transfers in densely populated areas, such as across a city, greatly reducing delivery time.Ground vehicles can take a lot of time due to congestion and unforeseen tie-ups. Blood test detects 'toxic' protein years before Alzheimer's symptoms emerge |  ScienceDaily (22:55) Seeds of Alzheimer's are planted years -- even decades – before the cognitive impairments surface that make a diagnosis possible. Amyloid beta proteins that misfold and clump together, forming small aggregates called oligomers. Those oligomers through a process scientists still do not understand become “toxic,” which then are thought of to cause Alzheimer's. University of Washington researchers have developed a laboratory test that can measure levels of amyloid beta oligomers in blood samples. Detected in the blood of patients with Alzheimer's disease But did not detect them in most members of a control group who showed no signs of cognitive impairment Their test, known by the acronym SOBA, did detect oligomers in the blood of 11 individuals from the control group.10 of these individuals had follow-up examinations where all were diagnosed years later with mild cognitive impairment or brain pathology consistent with Alzheimer's disease.  Senior author professor Valerie Daggett stated:“What clinicians and researchers have wanted is a reliable diagnostic test for Alzheimer's disease -- and not just an assay that confirms a diagnosis of Alzheimer's, but one that can also detect signs of the disease before cognitive impairment happens. That's important for individuals' health and for all the research into how toxic oligomers of amyloid beta go on and cause the damage that they do … What we show here is that SOBA may be the basis of such a test." In the study, the team also showed that SOBA easily could be modified to detect toxic oligomers of another type of protein associated with Parkinson's disease and Lewy body dementia. Dagget stating:"We are finding that many human diseases are associated with the accumulation of toxic oligomers that form these alpha sheet structures … Not just Alzheimer's, but also Parkinson's, type 2 diabetes and more. SOBA is picking up that unique alpha sheet structure, so we hope that this method can help in diagnosing and studying many other 'protein misfolding' diseases."

Phillip Sax spent a year sailing in and exploring the islands and channels in and around the Beagle Channel and the Straits of Magellan, in Southern Chile. We talk about his experiences there, navigating, anchoring, sailing, fishing, etc. At the end, we also talk about The Bahamas, which I am always happy to do!

Show Notes: https://wetflyswing.com/339 Presented By: Angler's Coffee, Bearvault, FishHound Expeditions, Togens Fly Shop Sponsors: https://wetflyswing.com/sponsors Andrew Grillos is known for a number of his commercially tied flies at Umpqua Feather Merchants including the Hippie Stomper fly. We find out how that pattern came about as well as some of his funny patterns like the Pizza fly which never made it commercially but works awesome. Andrew also shares a powerful story of how he survived a devastating stroke at the age of 37. He talks about how he finished a 100-mile ultramarathon in 32 hours, 2 months prior to his stroke. What kept Andrew going and what does it feel like to be an inch close to death? Listen to his story. Show Notes with Andrew Grillos 04:55 - Andrew chose his undergraduate degree based around fishing and snowboarding in Gunnison Colorado. He studied at Western State College. He snowboarded 100 days a year and fished in between. Then he became a guide for High Mountain Drifters. 07:30 - He then guided in Alaska and Southern Chile 09:30 - We talk about how the Hippie Stomper came about 12:50 - Around June 20th is one of the best times to fish the Gunnison River 15:30 - Matt and Jerry owns the Driftless Angler in Wisconsin 16:45 - The Heavy-metal Worm pattern 17:45 - Andrew has 15 flies in Umpqua. He was also active in their blog. 18:30 - Andrew wanted to do more commercially produced flies than Brian Silvey and he eventually did. Brian had 15, Andrew did 22. Brian Silvey was on the podcast at WFS 148. 20:00 - Russ Miller told the story of how Umpqua Feather Merchants began at WFS 303 - Andrew tells the story of how he met Russ at a trade show 23:11 - Andrew shares what it's like relearning his patterns after having a stroke in November 2020 27:10 - Andrew used to guide in the Olympic Peninsula, Skagit River 29:10 - Steelhead tip: Read the water - imagine what your fly is doing at the end of your line. Don't mend it left and right, make your cast good, and fish your fly. 30:20 - A sparkly big fly is what Andrew prefers for steelhead 31:40 - Andrew went to New Zealand for 6 months with his wife. He got so obsessed with fishing there. 36:25 - One of his favorite flies to tie is a steelhead hairwing 38:20 - The Steelhead Coachman was a pattern by John Hazel 44:10 - Andrew gives a shoutout to the healthcare providers that helped him recover. Their hard work is truly appreciated. Now Andrew can trail run and fish again. 46:45 - Andrew guided Louis Cahill in Alaska, 2010. Louis was on the podcast at WFS 206. 56:00 - Big foam dry flies work great in the Gunnison river or even like sofa pillow and huge stimulators. 1:00:40 - Andrew describes the Gunnison Canyon 1:05:30 - Andrew's been feeding trout his Pizza fly since 2005. It's been denied for years though for commercial tying. 1:08:15 - Andrew talks about how he did the ultra-marathon. He finishes 100 miles in 32 hours and tells us how and why. 1:12:50 - His favorite fish that he caught was the steelhead from the Skagit river 1:14:20 - Fish Hunter that has the best marabou feathers and colors 1:17:40 - Andrew will be working with Tom Morgan Rodsmith. Matt Barber and Joel Doub from TMR were on the podcast at WFS 161. Conclusion with Andrew Grillos So there you go.. What a story from Andrew.. that truly is awakening. That reminds us that things can happen even when you're in your best shape. So it's best to not take things for granted and appreciate all the little things we can do because sooner or later we won't be able to do them as easily. I'm happy that Andrew survived that big one.. and thankful for the people that helped him get back to the life that he enjoys. I hope you get even better Andrew. Stroke can't kill your passion! We are deeply inspired by your testimony and hope that as we remember your story, we change for the better.. the way we think, act, and speak. Thank you, Andrew. Cheers! Show Notes: https://wetflyswing.com/339

¡Hola!Esta semana hablamos de brujas con la escritora y académica colombiana Daniella Sánchez Russo.Daniella nos contó cómo la criminalización de las mujeres por medio de acusaciones de brujería fue una estrategia para confinarlas a espacios domésticos. Hablamos de los juicios de brujas en Europa y las Américas, de los tratados de demonología que ayudaban a identificarlas y de cómo las imágenes de brujas proliferan en tiempos de transición.¡Pasen a escuchar!¿Quieres ayudar a que Expertos de Sillón siga existiendo?Si te gusta Expertos de Sillón, considera convertirte en un mecenas del pódcast. Puedes hacerlo a través de una contribución de 3, 5 o 10 dólares al mes.Trabajamos mucho para que recibas este pódcast cada semana. Conseguir invitados, acordar temas, grabar y editar toma varias horas e involucra el trabajo de muchas personas. Con tu contribución puedes ayudar a que Expertos de Sillón se sostenga como podcast independiente, y tendrás nuestra apreciación infinita.Sobre nuestra invitadaDaniella es escritora y académica, tiene un doctorado en Estudios Hispánicos de la Universidad de Pennsylvania y acaba de lanzar su novela Vigilia. La encuentran en Instagram como y en Twitter @dsanchezrusso.Nuestro sueño de una gran conversaciónParte de la meta de nuestro pódcast es facilitar conversaciones entre nuestros oyentes que vayan más allá de los episodios. Queremos conocer tus obsesiones y teorías totalizantes. Por eso abrimos un servidor en Discord que esperamos convertir en un lugar para conocernos mejor y seguir conversando.Si el episodio de hoy te deja con ganas de continuar la conversación, únete al servidor y haz parte de nuestro experimento. ¡Esperamos verte allá!Para aprender más📌 El obsceno pájaro de la noche de José Donoso📌 Calibán y la bruja: Mujeres, cuerpo y acumulación originaria de Silvia Federici📌 Give People Money  de  Annie Lowrey📌 Temporada de huracanes de Fernanda Melchor📌 Distancia de rescate de Samanta Schwebli📌 Brujas de Brenda Lozano📌 Patriarcado y acumulación a escala mundial de Maria Mies📌 The Devil and Commodity Fetishism in South America de Michael Taussig📌 Todas las Sangres de  José María Arguedas📌 Witches, Witch-Hunting, and Women de Silvia Federici📌 Moon, Sun, and Witches de Marsha Silverblatt📌 Rethinking identity and feminism: Contributions of Mapuche Women and Machi from Southern Chile de Ana Mariella Bacigalupo📌 Brand New Cherry Flavor (Serie)📌 The VVitch (The Witch, 2015)(Película) This is a public episode. If you would like to discuss this with other subscribers or get access to bonus episodes, visit expertosdesillon.substack.com

This week on Disasters: Deconstructed we talk to Sarah Kelly and Noémie Bautista Gonzalez about creative methodologies in disaster research! We covered a lot of ground on how and why to challenge normative research approaches, reflexive practices and researcher positionality. We think that they will challenge you to think more creatively about what you do!  Like many of our guests in Season 6, they each contributed to the (double) Special Issue of Disaster Prevention & Management Journal, “Emerging voices and pathways to inclusive disaster studies.”  Check out their work at the links below!    Follow us on Twitter, Instagram and Facebook @DisastersDecon Rate and Review on Apple Podcasts Subscribe wherever you get your podcasts!    Further information: Undoing disaster colonialism: a pilot map of the pandemic's first wave in the Mapuche territories of Southern Chile - Sarah Kelly (with Valentina Carraro, José Luis Vargas, Patricio Melillanca and José Miguel Valdés-Negroni) The importance of context-relevant feminist perspectives in disaster studies. The case of a research on forest fires with the Atikamekw First Nation - Noémie Bautista Gonzalez   Our guests: Sarah Kelly (@SarahKellygeog) Noémie Bautista Gonzalez (@noemie_go)   Music this week from "Galaxy" by Sunny Fruit. 

Originally aired April 30, 2018Gilad Nachmani is on the show today to talk about hiking in the Andes and Scottish Highlands. Gilad describes his trips to Tres Lagos and the Huayhuash Route in Peru as well as his time on the Villarrica Traverse, a 155 mi route in Southern Chile from the Villarrica Volcano to Mt Lanin. He also talks about his solo attempt at the 8-day adventure race on the 205 mile Cape Wrath Trail.CNOC Outdoors: www.cnocoutdoors.comBlog: www.outdoorsfather.comTwitter: @cnocoutdoorsInstagram: @cnocoutdoorsSupport Adventure Sports Podcast monthly by going to Patreon.com/AdventureSportsPodcast or make a one-time donation to the show here. Support this podcast at — https://redcircle.com/adventure-sports-podcast/donationsAdvertising Inquiries: https://redcircle.com/brandsPrivacy & Opt-Out: https://redcircle.com/privacy

Actress/ Comedian Claudia Coloma is Chilean-American actress! She lived and was raised in Valdivia, a city in Southern Chile. Her training in London! Her time at Drama Studio London and her training by extraordinary working Actors. Going to see them perform and learning from their spectacular performances! She is by far one of the most funniest comucs out there! She had standup comedy in the bucket list as she was super terrified of comedy and decided to be a comedian because of existential crisis! Link in my Link.tree! --- Support this podcast: https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/ghostrida/support

Is blockchain going to be the technology that changes everything? Will it help us trust again? Will it revolutionize the relationship of people to their government? David Robison, cryptocurrency trader and blockchain enthusiast, suggests that it can be used to secure elections, supply chains, and the means of production. He believes in the potential of blockchain to such a degree that he recently renounced his US citizenship and moved to Fort Galt, a libertarian community in Southern Chile where crypto is king. We start our conversation with the basics - what is blockchain, bitcoin, and cryptocurrency? What can these technologies do for a society? We talk about the hurdles to blockchain implementation, and explore the persistent utility of fiat currency, the accelerating necessity for global stewardship, and the perception of democracy abroad. Pew Research on World perception of Democracy mentioned by Quinn: https://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank... Subscribe & like so we can bring you more conversations!!! Podcast version available at all usual locations: https://anchor.fm/demystifying-science More readings from us: https://demystifyingscience.com/blog Join the DemystifyingScience mailing list: http://eepurl.com/gRUCZL Let's talk! @DemystifySci Twitter: https://twitter.com/demystifysci Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/demystifysci Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/demystifysci ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Music: ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Shilo Delay: https://soundcloud.com/laterisgone --- Support this podcast: https://anchor.fm/demystifying-science/support

Carla is a Marine Biologist, who is very passionate about marine education. She is particularly interested in spreading the word about the existence of the Chilean dolphin. Carla lives in Valdivia, Southern Chile, where she coordinates Science outreach activities at the Science Faculty at Universidad Austral de Chile. She has a Masters in Science Communications and is currently earning a PhD in Communications.Carolina is a Marine Biologist and qualified Teacher with a PhD in Experimental Ecology and a Masters degree in Education. After more than 20 years working at universities, environmental organizations, and schools in Australia and Chile, Carolina created and founded Fundación Oceanósfera, which translates as Oceansphere Foundation, a non-profit with a mission to educate and inspire people, especially children, to care for, respect and conserve our oceans and their biodiversity.

When former Nazi serviceman Paul Schäfer fled Germany in 1961, he founded a rural community called Colonia Dignidad in Southern Chile. But the community’s bucolic appearance hid a culture of torture, murder, and pedophilia.

In this podcast we interview Dr. Karen Moreno from the University of Southern Chile about her work and research on a human footprint. This is a fascinating interview with a lot of amazing information about human arrival in the Americas being much earlier than once believed.

In 2013 he was awarded the greatest honor of the speaking profession – induction in the the National Speakers Association “Speakers Hall of Fame”.Acclaimed “America’s leading anthropologist/adventurer” by the Discovery Network and the History Channel, Dr. Jeff is equally at home sharing stories with gauchos around a campfire in Patagonia… leading C-Suite executives around a boardroom table in Silicon Valley … or coaching young presenters on a stage in his home town of Encinitas, California.His latest book, The Age of Adventure – A Unique Exploration of the Aging Process will be published by Blooming Twig books in the Fall of 2016.PhD in cultural anthropologyMasters degree in experiential education10 years as a university professorGuest adventure expert for CBS Early Morning ShowDiscovery, Travel and History Channel film-maker and hostCreativity consultant for The Lion King production teamBest selling author, adventurer and explorerOnly man to successfully circumnavigate Lake Titicaca in a reed boatLeader of over 100 international expeditionsHorseback traverses of Outer Mongolia, Tibet, Andes of Southern Chile, Patagonia, Siberia and the Tien Shan Mountains of western ChinaJeff's BioBook Dave SwansonWebsiteBook Goat Wrestling Perseverance Clothes Free Chapter of my Bestselling Book? Support the show (https://www.patreon.com/GWPPodcast)

Poor mestizos in northern Peru offer a new way to theorize humanism and sentient landscapes that interact with humans in terms of environmental justice, collective ethics, and health. By defining “community” and “well-being” as humans-in-relationship-to-places-as-persons, poor mestizos resignify “nature” itself as an anchor for social justice. Ana Mariella Bacigalupo, Professor of Anthropology at the State University of New York-Buffalo, speaks on her research in northern Peru. She has worked with Mapuche shamans in Southern Chile and shamans on the north coast of Peru. Learn more about Harvard Divinity School and its mission to illuminate, engage, and serve at http://hds.harvard.edu/.

KDNK's Raleigh Burleigh shares insights and sounds from his journey to Wallmapu, the ancestral lands of the Mapuche in Southern Chile and Argentina.

This episode chronicles the making of host Mike Klein's favorite travel documentary of all time, "180 Degrees South." Guest Jeff Johnson discusses how me met Yvon Chouinard, the founder of Patagonia, and how finding some lost tapes of Yvon's early vagabonding led to the making of the film. Jeff learned how to sail, was briefly marooned on Easter Island, but eventually made his way to Southern Chile to reunite with Yvon and they attempted to recreate the climbing trip that inspired the making of the company of Patagonia.

Kyle Thiermann is a professional big wave surfer, Patagonia surf ambassador, documentarian, journalist, and pal of mine. We took a drive down to Baja to get some work done and hang out. As a correspondent for Discovery Digital Networks, Kyle Thiermann covered important issues ranging from a little-known indigenous conflict in Southern Chile, to the impact wild pigs have on Hawaii's coral reefs. Thiermann's surfing skills earned him a spot among an elite group of athletes as a Patagonia Surf Ambassador. With Patagonia’s support, Thiermann created and hosted the award-winning documentary series, Surfing For Change. The series included stories about the Indonesia trash epidemic, Hawaii’s Monsanto protests, and the adverse impacts of surf tourism in Nicaragua. Thiermann speaks at universities throughout the country and in 2011 gave a TEDx talk in his wetsuit. His surfing and journalistic successes have earned him Surfrider’s Pro Surfer Environmental Achievement Award, the Brower Youth Award, the American Clean Skies Film Award, and the Peter Benchley Blue Vision Award. Thiermann has spent years becoming an expert in the ocean and is an alternate in the prestigious annual big-wave event at Mavericks. He hosts a weekly podcast that explores subjects that include psychedelics, sex, and surfing.   Website link: http://www.kyle.surf/ Video Links:   Chasing Mavericks In Real Life  Chile's 500-Year Secret Conflict  Who Is Kyle Thiermann? 

I Tunes Stitcher Nicolas Rios (@nicorios) is a Journalist for CNN Chile. He was the Producer for our most recent story on the Mapuche indigenous conflict in Southern Chile. See full video here. Get full access to Writing by Kyle Thiermann at thiermann.substack.com/subscribe

I Tunes Stitcher Nicolas Rios (@nicorios) is a Journalist for CNN Chile. He was the Producer for our most recent story on the Mapuche indigenous conflict in Southern Chile. See full video here.

This week I've been down in Southern Chile with the Board of Directors of our agricultural company. It's summertime right now, and the weather is absolutely gorgeous. Last night, after a long day visiting one of the farms I had a chance to sit down with Tim Price to share a bottle of our very own Sovereign Valley wine and record a podcast. It's been about two months now since the last episode, so I invite you to listen to our comeback with the Podcast Awakens. Over the course of a few glasses we dive into discussion about oil prices, financial markets, and an entire investment class that most people haven't even heard of. One that's likely to do VERY well this year. We invite you to clink glasses with us and listen in as we share the best kept secret in finance.

This week I’ve been down in Southern Chile with the Board of Directors of our agricultural company. It’s summertime right now, and the weather is absolutely gorgeous. Last night, after a long day visiting one of the farms I had a chance to sit down with Tim Price to share a bottle of our very own Sovereign Valley wine and record a podcast. It’s been about two months now since the last episode, so I invite you to listen to our comeback with the Podcast Awakens. Over the course of a few glasses we dive into discussion about oil prices, financial markets, and an entire investment class that most people haven’t even heard of. One that’s likely to do VERY well this year. We invite you to clink glasses with us and listen in as we share the best kept secret in finance.

This week I've been down in Southern Chile with the Board of Directors of our agricultural company. It's summertime right now, and the weather is absolutely gorgeous. Last night, after a long day visiting one of the farms I had a chance to sit down with Tim Price to share a bottle of our very own Sovereign Valley wine and record a podcast. It's been about two months now since the last episode, so I invite you to listen to our comeback with the Podcast Awakens. Over the course of a few glasses we dive into discussion about oil prices, financial markets, and an entire investment class that most people haven't even heard of. One that's likely to do VERY well this year. We invite you to clink glasses with us and listen in as we share the best kept secret in finance.

Can having coal, oil or natural gas companies in your portfolio expose you to increased risk? On this episode we have Brett Fleishman joining us. Brett is the senior analyst for 350.org. Through this role he focuses on the campaign to divest from fossil fuels. Prior to joining 350.org Brett has had an amalgam of rich experiences including: working in Washington D.C. for the economist Jeremy Rifkin at The Foundation on Economic Trends.; instructing experiential college-accredited courses on development economics in Boliva, Peru and Laos. And even organizing an epic road trip that started in Colorado and ended deep in the Patagonia mountains of Southern Chile. This episode's featured music is brought to you by Brian Lee & His Orchestra (www.brianleeandhisorchestra.com). Additionally the intro music was written and recorded by Son Lux (music.sonlux.com). www.environmentalinvesting.com

Gilad Nachmani is on the show today to talk about hiking in the Andes and Scottish Highlands. Gilad describes his trips to Tres Lagos and the Huayhuash Route in Peru as well as his time on the Villarrica Traverse, a 155 mi route in Southern Chile from the Villarrica Volcano to Mt Lanin. He also talks about his solo attempt of the 8-day adventure race on the 205 mile Cape Wrath Trail.   CNOC Outdoors: www.cnocoutdoors.com Blog: www.outdoorsfather.com https://twitter.com/cnocoutdoors https://instagram.com/cnocoutdoors https://www.facebook.com/cnocoutdoors