Podcasts about xenobots

Hello Interactors,It's been a while. Traveling for family, and a bit flooded by the relentless sneaker waves of unsavory world events — the kind that usually inspire me to write but lately threaten to pull me under.Spring in the northern hemisphere means Interplace turns to geographic information science and spatial analysis. How might we look at the complex unfolding of world events through this lens — and what happens when we push it further than emergence alone can carry it? That's what I attempt to explore here.PATTERNS PRECEDING PHYSICAL PLACESGeographic information science is a relatively recent field. It emerged from mid-20th-century cartography and land-use planning. Computer cartography and quantitative geography of the 1960s is often considered the first true digital Geographic Information Systems (GIS). It became a science (GIScience or GISc) in the late 1980s and early 1990s when Michael Goodchild questioned if there was a genuine scientific discipline lurking within the software.His answer was yes. He built an institutional home for that argument at the National Center for Geographic Information and Analysis at the University of California, Santa Barbara, my alma mater. Goodchild was my senior advisor in 1989 as UCSB was becoming a generative intellectual hub in the field. UCSB's geography department continues to push the question of what space means analytically, not just how to map it. I'm personally invested in better understanding how GISc may be a natural partner for complexity science, a field I've been attracted to since I started researching and writing.This partnership isn't new. GISc provides a powerful framework for dissecting the spatial dimensions of complexity, where systems defy reductionist analysis and emerge through nonlinear interactions. In the early 2000s, geographer David O'Sullivan, and others, articulated this as the study of “the behaviour of macroscopic collections of many basic but interacting units endowed with the potential to evolve in time” emphasizing these characteristic elements of complexity science: self-organization, path dependence, and the irreducibility of wholes to their parts. Around the same time, sociologist John Urry (and others) extended this to global scales, portraying globalization as co-evolving systems marked by unpredictability, irreversibility, and positive feedback loops that amplify disorder within pockets of order.These parings are a good start, but computational biologist Michael Levin offers what can be seen as a genuinely unsettling upgrade. His recent work on the origin of cognitive and morphological patterns suggests the dominant appeal to emergence as an explanatory endpoint may itself be, in his words, a “mysterian” position — one that “does not facilitate further advances.” When a surprising pattern appears in a complex system, the emergentist says “that's just what happens” and catalogs it.But Levin proposes these patterns are not random facts to be noted and admired. They are part of an ordered, non-physical space that physical systems, when configured the right way, ingress into. Ingression is a term Levin borrows from mathematician Alfred North Whitehead as a potential that timeless abstract objects possess to become actual concrete experiences. “Red” only becomes red when its potential is realized. These ‘ordered spaces' of potential are portals into what Levin calls a Platonic Space. Plato argued that the objects we encounter in the world are imperfect instances of perfect, eternal Forms that exist independently of any physical thing. The most primitive form being the triangle. Levin's argument is the triangle participates in a kind of Triangleness; it realizes it's potential to exist.Nature keeps arriving at triangles independently, across wildly different substrates, as if drawn by the same attractor. The triangle is the only polygon that is inherently rigid: push on any corner and the shape holds, which is why trusses, bridges, and bones all rely on triangular geometry for structural strength. Radiolarians, single-celled ocean organisms with no brain and no blueprint, construct intricate skeletal lattices of triangulated geometry at microscopic scales.In Levin's terms, nature is ingressing Triangleness — repeatedly, across billions of years and countless lineages — because the Form has properties that reward any physical system stable enough to express it. The truth that a triangle's angles sum to exactly 180 degrees owed nothing to the first organism that built one.Physical systems are, in this sense, less like containers and more like pointers — a term borrowed from computer science. Pointers are variables that hold the addresses that reference more information. Levin's framework requires a specific kind of pointer: not a pointer to stored data, which retrieves a static value, but a pointer to a subroutine that calls up a routine that executes complex actions and outputs beyond the pointer itself. The pointer is small, while the executed routine may be vast and behave unpredictably.Think of a street address. The address itself contains nothing — it is a short string of numbers and words that fits on an envelope — but hand it to the right system and it retrieves a house, a history, a neighborhood, everything that has ever happened inside those walls. This is Levin's claim about physical structures. A genome, a city, an institution doesn't contain its pattern so much as it points at one — and when the pointer is well-formed, you get considerably more out than you put in.What does this mean for GISc? It means that spatial configurations — cities, borders, trade corridors, migration routes — are not merely sites where local interactions produce global outcomes. They are interfaces into a latent pattern space. When a hub city emerges, when a colonial border persists for centuries past the empire that drew it, when a pandemic spreads exactly along the topology of air travel, we are not only witnessing the consequential mechanical emergence of patterns derived from local rules. We are watching physical structures act as pointers that summon — ingress — specific patterns of collective behavior, whose full complexity exceeds what was put in. Levin's core observation about biological morphogenesis translates here with uncomfortable precision.Consider one of his more unsettling tadpole experiments. The creation of its normal bulging eyes are suppressed (by microscopically manipulating cellular ‘software') and a replacement eye is instead induced — ingressed — on the tail. The optic nerve growing from that tail-eye doesn't connect to the brain — it terminates somewhere around the spinal cord. By any conventional account, the animal should be blind. It isn't. The tadpoles can still see and perform well in visual tasks. Somehow, the system routes around its own abnormal wiring to recover function. The pattern being pointed to — sight — was never housed in the eye itself, or in the specific neural pathway, or in any single component. The eye on the tail is a wildly improbable pointer, and yet it retrieves something far richer than its own structure contains. You get considerably more out than you put in.Some GISc tools — like agent-based models or network analysis — already detect this excess in a geography context. A single infected traveler tips a system toward chaos not because of arithmetic addition of local interactions described in the GISc analysis, but because that traveler's position in a network acts as an interface to a pattern of contagion whose scope was latent in the structure all along. The “geographic advantage” O'Sullivan, and crew, describes — GISc's relationship to multi-scalar processes and human-environment couplings — is, in Levin's vocabulary, a sensitivity to how physical arrangements act as pointers into a rich space of possible collective behaviors.This reframes world events not as linear narratives but as navigations of morphospace — the full landscape of forms a system could take, where some configurations are reachable and others are not, and where attractors pull trajectories toward specific patterns regardless of starting conditions.What pattern are current geopolitical configurations pointing toward? What is being ingressed by the particular architecture of today's global institutions, communication networks, and urban densities? While GIScience sharpens our sight on outcomes, it leaves uncharted the deeper question of what is the shape of the latent space these material forms slip into.BORDERS STORE WHAT BODIES KNOWLevin's work suggests at every scale of organization, we are dealing not with mechanical aggregation but with collective intelligence. To understand what he means by that, it helps to borrow an image from Einstein.Because nothing travels faster than light, any event you could possibly influence — or that could possibly influence you — is bounded by how far light could travel in the available time. Draw that boundary in spacetime and it forms a cone. Everything inside it is causally reachable, everything outside it is not. Levin borrows this image to describe the reach of any cognitive agent. A single cell's light cone is tiny — it can only sense and respond within its immediate chemical neighborhood, over milliseconds. A brain's light cone is vastly larger — it can model consequences years out and coordinate behavior across great distances. The cone is simply a measure of how far an agent's agency actually extends. And just as the body is a nested hierarchy of such agents — molecular networks, cells, tissues, organs — each operating within its own cone, pursuing goals whose scale its parts cannot perceive, so too is human society.A city is not simply a dense clustering of individuals whose local interactions produce urban dynamics. It is, in Levin's sense, a collective intelligence with a cognitive light cone that vastly exceeds that of any constituent. It pursues goals (economic growth, defense, habitability) across spatial and temporal horizons no individual cell — or individual person — can access. Institutions, legal codes, infrastructure, and cultural norms function as bioelectric memory — rewritable pattern memories that store the target morphology of the social body and guide error-correction toward it. Colonial borders, or the Great Wall of China, persist not merely through inertia but because they function like historic bioelectric setpoints. That is, they encode a spatial pattern that downstream processes continuously re-instantiate, even after the circumstances that produced them have dissolved.Levin's planarian flatworm experiments demonstrate this in biology. When bioelectric circuits are disrupted, the worm grows heads of other species — without any change to its genome. The pattern being expressed was latent in the space of possible forms, and a change in the interface (the bioelectric circuit) changed which pattern was ingressed. Geopolitical history offers analogies. How much of what we call a nation-state's “character” is not in its people but in the pattern stored in its institutional circuitry? When those circuits are disrupted — by revolution, invasion, or collapse — new patterns rush in from the adjacent possible, sometimes from regions of the latent space that are recognizable, sometimes shockingly novel.Pandemics also embody this scalar nesting. Viral replication is a molecular-scale process; its spread is topologically determined by the network of global mobility; its political consequences are mediated by institutional pattern memories about sovereignty, solidarity, and resource allocation. The COVID-19 pandemic did not merely “emerge” — it ingressed a set of patterns whose latency was already encoded in the physical architecture of 21st-century globalization. Competitive resource hoarding and cooperative vaccine-sharing were not just policy choices but different attractors in a landscape of a kind of “social morphospace”, pulling collective behavior toward different setpoints.GISc tools (like spatial game theory and network percolation models) map the surface of these landscapes. But Levin's framework asks us to go further. He wants us to not just map the attractors, but to ask what structured space those attractors are features of, and whether that space can be systematically explored.The scalar interplay extends outward. Local ethnic tensions, mapped via GIS hot-spot analysis, interact with what social theorist Zygmunt Bauman might term “global fluids” — arms, money, diasporas — to produce cascades that reflect not random chaos but path-dependent trajectories through a space of historical patterns. History's “nightmare on the brain of the living” becomes, in Levin's terms, a pattern-memory etched into the social substrate. Territorial borders, attempted genocide, human displacement are held as bioelectric setpoints, where trauma lingers as a morphogenetic field, quietly organizing the tissue of the present long after the original wound.MAPPING WHAT MATTER MERELY MISSESComplexity science, via GISc, forecasts world events as probabilistic landscapes rather than deterministic paths. Urry describes global systems as “adapting and co-evolving,” with attractors drawing trajectories amid chaos. GISc simulates this through fitness landscapes like agents navigate peaks and valleys of viability, local adaptations generating global patterns like economic booms or institutional collapses.Levin's framework intensifies this picture in two ways. First, it insists that the attractors are not randomly distributed. The latent space of possible social patterns — like the latent space of morphogenetic outcomes — has structure. Evolution, as Levin argues, progresses rapidly precisely because the space has “a relatively smooth character” in which “past interactions with it carry non-trivial information about the adjacent possible.” The same may be true of cultural and institutional evolution. The reason certain forms of governance, urbanism, or economic organization recur across independent civilizations is not purely because of convergent environmental pressures, but because they represent attractors in a structured space of collective intelligence patterns that sufficiently complex social interfaces tend to ingress.Second, and more provocatively, Levin's framework suggests that we do not simply make the social forms we inhabit. We invite patterns to temporarily inhabit our collective embodiments. To see why, consider one of his most uncontroversial and disarming experiments. Levin's lab studied simple sorting algorithms — the kind computer science students have used for decades. These are short deterministic procedures that take a jumbled list of numbers and rearrange them into sequential order. Nothing mysterious here but made for many an interview question at Microsoft!When Levin's team visualized the algorithm's progress as a movement through an abstract sorting space, unexpected behaviors emerged that nobody had noticed in all those decades of use. When the algorithm encountered a number that refused to move — a piece of broken data blocking its path — it didn't simply halt. It temporarily de-sorted the rest of the array, moved things around the obstruction, and then recovered its progress. It was exhibiting something resembling delayed gratification — the capacity to temporarily move away from a goal in order to reach it more completely later. Like a soccer player kicking the ball backwards to advance it forward.This ability was not written into the algorithm. Nobody put it there. Then, when the team ran a distributed version where each number ran its own variant of the algorithm, numbers sharing the same variant spontaneously clustered together — a kind of social behavior, emerging without a single line of code instructing any number to notice or prefer its own kind. The algorithm was doing something it was never designed to do, and had been doing it, unobserved, for decades.Now, imagine a democracy is not constructed from scratch by rational agents but an interface that, when configured appropriately, ingresses a pattern of distributed decision-making whose properties exceed what any designer or participant imagined or specified. Cities, constitutions, and international institutions become pointers. The patterns they summon may even surprise their architects — and may have been quietly surprising them and us all along.This has immediate consequences for how GISc could approach attempts at predicting futures. For example, prospective spatial modeling — Markov chains, scenario planning — maps the probability surface of possible trajectories. But a Levin-inflected GISc would ask this: what new pointers are being constructed right now, and what regions of the latent pattern space are they configured to access?The answers could become bewildering in a world of AI-mediated governance, hybrid human-machine urban systems, and the synthetic biological constructions Levin's team pursues. These are vehicles of exploration into regions of Platonic space we have not navigated before. “We are now fishing in regions of Platonic space we have never explored before,” he writes — with implications not only practical (”what will it do to us”) but ethical (”how do we fulfill the opportunities and duties of an ethical synthbiosis with beings who are not quite like us”).For GISc, this need not be merely philosophical. Spatial planning and governance literally configure the physical interfaces through which collective intelligence patterns are ingressed. Urban density fosters certain attractors of solidarity and innovation while sprawl ingresses different ones. Green civic infrastructure designed to buffer floods mechanically also reconfigures the relationship between human settlement and ecological pattern space which invites a whole different class of emergent resilience. The question is no longer only “what will happen here, probabilistically” but “what are we building a pointer toward?”Fatalists may see the latent space as already barring our options. Pessimists will amplify the risks of novel pointers we cannot control. Realists might attempt to quantify via more Monte Carlo simulations. And techo-optimists may try to engineer and configure interfaces to access and profit from whatever attractors emerge. But what I like most of all about Levin's framework is that it offers something more nuanced than any of these: structured humility. We do not know the full topology of the space we are pointing into. Every new city, every new institution, every new technological architecture is, in some sense, a bioengineering experiment — and like Levin's Xenobots and Anthrobots, it may manifest competencies and patterns nobody designed or predicted.If Levin's intuition is correct, we are but temporary self-organizing forms that hold together for a time, perform actions that exceed their physical composition, and then yield to the impermanence built into any pointer's relationship with the patterns it accesses. Humility does feel like the appropriate response. But more importantly, the recognition that mapping the structure of the space we are ingressing into is, at this moment, among the most important things we could do.The information embedded in Geographic Information Science has the potential to demystify fatalism, especially when death's certainty yields to spatial agency. Levin reminds us that information, at its Latin root, means to give form — to in-form. That is what geographic information has always done, long before it became a science. It did not merely transmit data, but impose structure on space, render the implicit geometry of human existence legible and actionable. Every map is an act of in-forming. The world is no doomsday script, but a co-evolving field — its attractors mappable, its interfaces legible, its vectors steerable — if we aim with care, with intent, and with the humility to know what we summon may exceed what we design.REFERENCESLevin, M. (2025). Ingressing minds: Causal patterns beyond genetics and environment in natural, synthetic, and hybrid embodiments. PsyArXiv. O'Sullivan, D., Manson, S. M., Messina, J. P., & Crawford, T. W. (2006). Space, place, and complexity science. Environment and Planning A: Economy and Space.Urry, J. (2003). Global complexity. Polity Press. This is a public episode. If you would like to discuss this with other subscribers or get access to bonus episodes, visit interplace.io

#227 MOSCERINI DIGITALI: Siamo solo un glitch nel server di Dio? Descrizione: Alza il volume, ciccinooo! Oggi ti sfondo …il

Xenobots and Anthrobots are some of the coolest challenges to our current understanding of evolutionary theory. Check it out and let me know what you think at godseyeviewbook@gmail.com. Search God's Eye View on Amazon or Audible and look for the black book with a black hole on the cover. 

Michael Levin is a biologist at Tufts University working on novel ways to understand and control complex pattern formation in biological systems. Thank you for listening ❤ Check out our sponsors: https://lexfridman.com/sponsors/ep486-sc See below for timestamps, transcript, and to give feedback, submit questions, contact Lex, etc. Transcript: https://lexfridman.com/michael-levin-2-transcript CONTACT LEX: Feedback – give feedback to Lex: https://lexfridman.com/survey AMA – submit questions, videos or call-in: https://lexfridman.com/ama Hiring – join our team: https://lexfridman.com/hiring Other – other ways to get in touch: https://lexfridman.com/contact EPISODE LINKS: Michael Levin’s X: https://x.com/drmichaellevin Michael Levin’s Website: https://drmichaellevin.org Michael Levin’s Papers: https://drmichaellevin.org/publications/ – Biological Robots: https://arxiv.org/abs/2207.00880 – Classical Sorting Algorithms: https://arxiv.org/abs/2401.05375 – Aging as a Morphostasis Defect: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38636560/ – TAME: https://arxiv.org/abs/2201.10346 – Synthetic Living Machines: https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/scirobotics.abf1571 SPONSORS: To support this podcast, check out our sponsors & get discounts: Shopify: Sell stuff online. Go to https://shopify.com/lex CodeRabbit: AI-powered code reviews. Go to https://coderabbit.ai/lex LMNT: Zero-sugar electrolyte drink mix. Go to https://drinkLMNT.com/lex UPLIFT Desk: Standing desks and office ergonomics. Go to https://upliftdesk.com/lex Miro: Online collaborative whiteboard platform. Go to https://miro.com/ MasterClass: Online classes from world-class experts. Go to https://masterclass.com/lexpod OUTLINE: (00:00) – Introduction (00:29) – Sponsors, Comments, and Reflections (10:09) – Biological intelligence (18:42) – Living vs non-living organisms (23:55) – Origin of life (27:40) – The search for alien life (on Earth) (1:00:44) – Creating life in the lab – Xenobots and Anthrobots (1:13:46) – Memories and ideas are living organisms (1:27:26) – Reality is an illusion: The brain is an interface to a hidden reality (2:13:13) – Unexpected Intelligence in sorting algorithms (2:38:51) – Can aging be reversed? (2:42:41) – Mind uploading (3:01:22) – Alien intelligence (3:16:17) – Advice for young people (3:22:46) – Questions for AGI

Join us for a mind-bending conversation with Professor Michael Levin, director of the Allen Discovery Center at Tufts University, as he reveals how cells make decisions without brains, store memories without DNA, and navigate anatomical space like we navigate physical space. Discover how his team created two-headed immortal worms whose memory persists across regeneration cycles, how bioelectrical patterns control body shape independently of genetics, and why the future of medicine lies in communicating with the collective intelligence of our cells rather than micromanaging their molecular machinery. From xenobots made of frog cells to the anatomical compiler that will revolutionize regenerative medicine, this episode explores the frontier where developmental biology, cognition, and robotics converge to redefine what it means to be alive.Grow Everything brings the bioeconomy to life. Hosts Karl Schmieder and Erum Azeez Khan share stories and interview the leaders and influencers changing the world by growing everything. Biology is the oldest technology. And it can be engineered. What are we growing?Learn more at ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠www.messaginglab.com/groweverything⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠ Chapters:(00:00:00) – Welcome! Birthday Surprises and Setting the Stage(00:03:05) - Upcoming TEDx Talk and iGEM Competition Winners(00:05:14) - AI Book Recommendations and Octopus Intelligence(00:06:20) - Introducing Xenobots and Professor Michael Levin(00:09:43) - What Does Michael Levin Study? Developmental Biology Meets Cognition(00:13:42) - Cells as Decision-Making Networks: Cognition Without Neurons(00:19:43) - Inside the Lab: What Experiments Look Like(00:22:03) - The Two-Headed Worm Experiment: Rewriting Bioelectric Memory(00:38:15) - Xenobots and Mombot: Building Synthetic Living Machines(00:47:35) - Ethics of Creating Life and Human Augmentation(00:58:12) - The Future of Medicine: The Anatomical Compiler(01:03:48) - Quick Fire Questions with Michael Levin(01:09:20) - Wrap-Up and Reflections on Collective IntelligenceLinks and Resources:Michael Levin at Tufts UniversityWyss Institute at HarvardThe Levin LabThoughts on Science and The MindFauna SystemsWorkshop on Computationally Designed OrganismsInternational Genetically Engineered Machine Competition90. Flipping the Light Switch on Cells: Deniz Kent of Prolific Machines94. Gaming the System: NVIDIA's Vega Shah on Accelerating Biotech Breakthroughs28. Genetic Dreams to Underground Regimes: Andrew Hessel Takes on Digital and Physical Biology⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Topics Covered: developmental biology, morphology, morphospace, planarians, electroceuticals, bioelectricity, tissue regeneration, biomedical applicationsHave a question or comment? Message us here:Text or Call (804) 505-5553 ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Instagram⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠  / ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Twitter⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠ / ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠LinkedIn⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠ / ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Youtube⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠ / ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Grow Everything⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Email: groweverything@messaginglab.com

The best way to cook just got better. Go to http://HelloFresh.com/THEORIESOFEVERYTHING10FM now to Get 10 Free Meals + a Free Item for Life! * One per box with active subscription. Free meals applied as discount on first box, new subscribers only, varies by plan. Get 50% off Claude Pro, including access to Claude Code, at http://claude.ai/theoriesofeverything For the first time on TOE, I sit down with professors Anil Seth and Michael Levin to test the brain-as-computer metaphor and whether algorithms can ever capture life/mind. Anil argues the “software vs. hardware” split is a blinding metaphor—consciousness may be bound to living substrate—while Michael counters that machines can tap the same platonic space biology does. We tour their radical lab work—xenobots, compositional agents, and interfaces that bind unlike parts—and probe psychophysics in strange new beings, “islands of awareness,” and what Levin's bubble-sort “side quests” imply for reading LLM outputs. Anil brings information theory and Granger causality into the mix to rethink emergence and scale—not just computation. Along the way: alignment, agency, and how to ask better scientific questions. If you're into AI/consciousness, evolution without programming, or whether silicon could ever feel—this one's for you. Timestamps: - 00:00 - Anil Seth & Michael Levin: Islands of Consciousness & Xenobots - 08:24 - Substrate Dependence: Why Biology Isn't Just 'Wetware' - 13:13 - Beyond Algorithms: Do Machines Tap Into a 'Platonic Space'? - 21:46 - The Ghost in the Algorithm: Emergent Agency in Bubble Sort - 29:26 - Degeneracy: The Biological Principle AI is Missing - 36:34 - The Multiplicity of Agency: Are Your Cells Conscious? - 43:24 - Unconscious Processing or Inaccessible Consciousness? The Split-Brain Problem - 49:32 - The Ultimate Experiment to Decode Consciousness - 57:31 - A Counter-Intuitive Discovery: Consciousness is *Less* Emergent - 1:03:39 - Psychedelics, LLMs, and the Frontiers of Surprise Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Neste episódio, falamos sobre os Xenobots, organismos biológicos programáveis que demonstram inteligência e regeneração fora do corpo humano, que foram criados por pesquisadores da Universidade de Harvard.

Josh Bongard is Professor of Computer Science at the University of Vermont and director of the Morphology, Evolution & Cognition Laboratory. His work involves automated design and manufacture of soft-, evolved-, and crowdsourced robots, as well as computer-designed organisms. In 2007, he was awarded a prestigious Microsoft Research New Faculty Fellowship and was named one of MIT Technology Review's top 35 young innovators under 35. In 2010 he was awarded a Presidential Early Career Award for Scientists and Engineers (PECASE) by Barack Obama at a White House ceremony. He has received funding from NSF, NASA, DARPA, ARO and the Sloan Foundation. He is the co-author of the book How The Body Shapes the Way we Think, the co-author of "Designing Intelligence: Why Brains Aren't Enough", the instructor of a reddit-based evolutionary robotics MOOC, and director of the robotics outreach program Twitch Plays Robotics. TIMESTAMPS:(0:00) - Introduction (1:22) - Life, Consciousness & Intelligence(5:14) - How The Body Shapes The Way We Think(9:18) - Evolutionary Robotics & Consciousness(17:00) - Biological Robots ("Xenobots")(24:00) - Implications of Self-Replicating Living Machines(32:00) - The Role of AI in Shaping Biology(39:00) - What is Conscious, Really?(42:00) - AI Robotics(46:00) - The Advantage of Interdisciplinary Collaborating(49:00) - Escaping Cartesian Dualism(53:00) - Meta-Materials (Groundbreaking Work!)(56:00) - Cause & Effect(1:04:48) - Expanding Morphospace in its Entirety(1:12:00) - Blurring the Lines Between Living & Non-Living (Meta-Materials Are The Future!)(1:17:14) - Non-Embodiment vs Embodiment AI(1:20:00) - Conclusion EPISODE LINKS:- Josh's Website: https://jbongard.github.io/- Josh's Lab: https://www.meclab.org/- Josh's Channel: https://youtube.com/@joshbongard3314- Josh's X: https://x.com/DoctorJosh- Josh's Publications: https://tinyurl.com/3pd4t8ff- Josh's Book: https://tinyurl.com/4wd7hw3s- Michael Levin 1: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=v6gp-ORTBlU- Michael Levin 2: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kMxTS7eKkNM- Michael Levin 3: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1R-tdscgxu4- Michael Levin Lecture: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aQEX-twenkA- Michael Levin & Terrence Deacon: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HuWbHwPZd60- Keith Frankish: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QxDYG0K360E- Keith Frankish 2: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jTO-A1lw4JM- Keith Frankish Lecture: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IbjGRcqD96Q- Nicholas Humphrey: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SCTJb-uiQww- Nicholas Humphrey Lecture: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Z3cWQLUbnKs- Mark Solms: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qqM76ZHIR-o- Mark Solms 2: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rkbeaxjAZm4CONNECT:- Website: https://tevinnaidu.com - Podcast: https://creators.spotify.com/pod/show/mindbodysolution- YouTube: https://youtube.com/mindbodysolution- Twitter: https://twitter.com/drtevinnaidu- Facebook: https://facebook.com/drtevinnaidu - Instagram: https://instagram.com/drtevinnaidu- LinkedIn: https://linkedin.com/in/drtevinnaidu=============================Disclaimer: The information provided on this channel is for educational purposes only. The content is shared in the spirit of open discourse and does not constitute, nor does it substitute, professional or medical advice. We do not accept any liability for any loss or damage incurred from you acting or not acting as a result of listening/watching any of our contents. You acknowledge that you use the information provided at your own risk. Listeners/viewers are advised to conduct their own research and consult with their own experts in the respective fields.

रोबोट का नाम सुनते ही आपके ज़हन में लोहे का चलता-फिरता पुतला आता होगा, जिसकी लाल आंखें चमकती हैं और जो उड़ सकता, तैर सकता या फायर कर सकता है. क्या आप जानते हैं कि कुछ रोबोट जीवित कोशिकाओं से भी बनाए जाते हैं? क्या सिंगल सेल से बना रोबोट खुद को ठीक कर सकता है? इसके फायदे, नुकसान और भविष्य में इसकी क्या भूमिका होगी, सुनिए ‘ज्ञान ध्यान' में. रिसर्च- मान्या बत्तरा साउंड मिक्स- सूरज सिंह

In this episode of Tiny Show and Tell Us, we cover exciting new 'living robots' called xenobots — made from frog cells with the help of a supercomputer — and what they might be used for down the road. Then we challenge how much "junk" really makes up "junk DNA" and discuss the regulatory sequences and other things our DNA codes for that aren't functional proteins. We need your stories — they're what make these bonus episodes possible! Write in to tinymatters@acs.org *or fill out this form* with your favorite science fact or science news story for a chance to be featured in a future episode and win a Tiny Matters mug!A transcript and references for this episode can be found at acs.org/tinymatters.

In this episode, Dr. Michael Levin, Distinguished Professor of Biology at Tufts University, joins Nathan Labenz of The Cognitive Revolution Podcast to discuss embodied minds, his research into limb regeneration and collective intelligence, cognitive light cones, and much more. Dr. Levin and the Levin Lab work at the intersection of biology, artificial life, bioengineering, synthetic morphology, and cognitive science. Nathan just recorded a second episode with Michael Levin and Leo Pio Lopez here: https://open.spotify.com/episode/0PsvToTZVtZkdTemV6ntUk?si=85e4614f079a4fcd  —

This week Izzo and Magnum were invited on ‘The TLB Podcast' to discuss DARPA, the secretive organization that addresses unconventional solutions to military and intelligence problems. We go over how it was founded, early applications and breakthroughs, it's mission to develop paradigm-shifting solutions, biohybrid research, xenobots, brain-computer interfaces, non-invasive neurotechnology and cognitive enhancement techniques, and the ultimate goal of integrating humans with machines.

We'd love to hear from you! Send us a text message.In this episode of Discover Daily, we begin with a look at Snap's new fifth generation Spectacles. These  AR glasses boast impressive hardware improvements, including a larger field of view, powerful processors, and a custom operating system. Snap's developer-focused approach aims to foster a robust ecosystem of AR applications before targeting consumers. While the Spectacles have received praise for their technological advancements, concerns about battery life and cost have also been raised.Next, we delve into the revolutionary Tianxing-B battery for electric buses, developed by CATL, the world's leading battery manufacturer. This technology offers an impressive lifespan of up to 15 years or 1.5 million kilometers, along with the highest energy density in the bus industry. The Tianxing-B battery's extended lifespan and high energy density could significantly accelerate the adoption of electric buses globally, reducing emissions and improving urban air quality. As CATL expands its dominance in the battery market, the impact of this innovation extends beyond public transit to the broader electric vehicle industry.Finally, we explore a paradigm-shifting discovery that challenges our understanding of life and death. Scientists have identified a "third state" where cells from deceased organisms can continue to function and even develop new capabilities. This research reveals that the transition between life and death is more complex than previously thought, with profound implications for regenerative medicine and our definition of existence. The ability of cells to reorganize and develop new functions in this "third state" could lead to advanced tissue regeneration techniques and cellular rejuvenation, potentially revolutionizing our approach to aging and longevity.Perplexity is the fastest and most powerful way to search the web. Perplexity crawls the web and curates the most relevant and up-to-date sources (from academic papers to Reddit threads) to create the perfect response to any question or topic you're interested in. Take the world's knowledge with you anywhere. Available on iOS and Android Join our growing Discord community for the latest updates and exclusive content. Follow us on: Instagram Threads X (Twitter) YouTube Linkedin

In this episode, Dr Michael Levin, Distinguished Professor of Biology at Tufts University, joins Nathan to discuss embodied minds, his research into limb regeneration and collective intelligence, cognitive light cones, and much more. Michael and the Levin Lab work at the intersection of biology, artificial life, bioengineering, synthetic morphology, and cognitive science. LINKS: The Levin Lab and Dr. Michael Levin's research: https://drmichaellevin.org/resources/ Dr Michael Levin's blog: https://thoughtforms.life/about/ Tufts University Faculty Profile: https://as.tufts.edu/biology/people/faculty/michael-levin Michael Levin @ Wyss Institute: https://wyss.harvard.edu/team/associate-faculty/michael-levin-ph-d/ Dr. Levin's Research on Limb Regeneration: https://news.uchicago.edu/how-bioelectricity-could-regrow-limbs-and-organs SPONSORS: The Brave search API can be used to assemble a data set to train your AI models and help with retrieval augmentation at the time of inference. All while remaining affordable with developer first pricing, integrating the Brave search API into your workflow translates to more ethical data sourcing and more human representative data sets. Try the Brave search API for free for up to 2000 queries per month at https://brave.com/api Omneky is an omnichannel creative generation platform that lets you launch hundreds of thousands of ad iterations that actually work customized across all platforms, with a click of a button. Omneky combines generative AI and real-time advertising data. Mention "Cog Rev" for 10% off www.omneky.com NetSuite has 25 years of providing financial software for all your business needs. More than 36,000 businesses have already upgraded to NetSuite by Oracle, gaining visibility and control over their financials, inventory, HR, eCommerce, and more. If you're looking for an ERP platform ✅ head to NetSuite: http://netsuite.com/cognitive and download your own customized KPI checklist. X/SOCIAL @labenz (Nathan) @drmichaellevin (Michael) @CogRev_Podcast Timestamps: (00:00) Preview (01:07) Intro and summary (05:40) Xenobots, anthrobots and the other creatures created by Mike Levin (09:39) Bioelectric memory rewriting (15:01) Sponsor | BraveSearch API (16:09) The difficulty of conducting simulations, which involve running forward passes to predict and alter electrical patterns (20:30) The concept of backpropagation and mode switching in AI models (23:06) Why humans do not regenerate their limbs (37:10) Sponsor | Netsuite (39:40) Learning from small and biological systems onto the concept of possible emergence (45:16) The criticality of multiple scale questions and would a single scale? (55:49) The concept of the cognitive light cone (59:43) Advice on habits of mind and suggestions for inspiration on the AI side (1:13:36) Mike's suggested directions for the AI developers (1:24:49) Wrap & Sponsor | Omneky

Michael Levin is a developmental and synthetic biologist and a professor at Tufts University. He is known for co-discovering Xenobots which are living robots made from frog skin cells but his research is wide ranging, contributing to fields such as regenerative medicine and the treatment of cancer, as well as to our fundamental understanding of biological systems. As you'll hear from our conversation, Michaels' innovative science is based in a very thorough and rigorous philosophy of the intersection between biology and cognitive processes such as intelligence and memory.  

This week we're talking about use-case scenarios for AgentGPT, video translation with HeyGen, China banning the iPhone, AI “Ghost work”, Google's antitrust case, GPT solving medical issues, how we will know if AI becomes conscious, MBA students vs ChatGPT, IBM CEO's predictions about AI in the workplace, Xenobots, Gollems, the US military's plans to roll out autonomous robots, and whether or not US tech giants should be broken up.

Reviewing the YouTube video “Biohacking our way to health” by Michael Levin

Check out our sponsor (BLUMIRA) at https://blumira.com/brake youtube channel link: https://youtube.com/c/BDSPodcast Full video on our youtube Channel! https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BkBeLuM_urk https://www.rapid7.com/blog/post/2023/07/11/cve-2023-29298-adobe-coldfusion-access-control-bypass/ https://www.darkreading.com/remote-workforce/hacker-infected-foiled-by-own-infostealer https://therecord.media/cisa-warnings-adobe-microsoft-citrix-vulnerabilities https://www.itsecurityguru.org/2023/07/18/millions-of-keyboard-walk-patterns-found-in-compromised-passwords/ https://therecord.media/airline-customer-support-phone-number-fraud-google https://twitter.com/Shmuli/status/1680669938468499458 https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2023-36884 https://www.jdsupra.com/legalnews/tabletop-exercises-as-risk-mitigation-5278057/ https://www.darkreading.com/vulnerabilities-threats/linux-ransomware-poses-significant-threat-to-critical-infrastructure https://bevyengine.org/  - Rust game engine https://godotengine.org/ - a more mature Rust game engine https://flappybird.io/ - which I suck at, BTW Intro/outro music: "Flex" by Jeremy Blake Courtesy of YouTube Music Library (used with proper permissions)  

In this episode of the Smarter Not Harder Podcast, our guest Dr. Michael Levin joins our host Dr. Ted Achacoso to give one-cent solutions to life's $64,000 questions that include:   Can we unlock the secrets of limb regeneration to revolutionize the future of medicine?  How can we harness the power of cellular communication to control cancer growth?  What are the ethical and practical implications of creating programmable living machines known as xenobots?   Dr. Michael Levin is an acclaimed American developmental and synthetic biologist at Tufts University. As a Vannevar Bush distinguished professor, Dr. Levin has made a remarkable impact in the field of biology, challenging the limits of our understanding and pushing the boundaries of scientific discovery. What we discuss:   [00:00] Dr. Michael Levin's groundbreaking research is shaping the future of biology, medicine, and ethics. [06:25] Bioelectric circuits can be manipulated to grow functioning organs [17:44] Anatomical homeostasis may be the reason for regeneration of limbs in frogs and salamanders [33:02] Xenobots challenge our understanding of natural selection [37:54] Mathematics and geometry have an independent life separate from physical facts of the universe. [53:03] Understanding diverse spaces where intelligence can function. [1:03:23] Planarian bioelectric circuits can be rewritten to alter memory and guide regeneration. [1:18:56] Multicellularity enables cells to work in a different problem space and expand their cognitive light cone. [1:24:06] Recognizing and relating to diverse intelligences through a framework, tools, and ethical considerations. [1:34:31] Understanding and studying agency in unfamiliar embodiments is crucial for the future of living with cognitive systems. [1:39:28] Consider ethics in scientific advancements [1:50:11] Medical informatics is a process of discovering beyond the wall of knowledge. Find more from Smarter Not Harder: Website: https://troscriptions.com/blogs/podcast | https://homehope.org Instagram: @troscriptions | @homehopeorg   Find out more from Michael Levin: Website: https://wyss.harvard.edu/team/associate-faculty/michael-levin-ph-d/ Twitter: @drmichaellevin Get 10% Off Your Purchase of the Metabolomics Module by using PODCAST10 at https://www.homehope.org   Get 10% Off your Troscriptions purchase by using POD10 at https://www.troscriptions.com   Get daily content from the hosts of Smarter Not Harder by following @troscriptions on Instagram.   

Always a good sign when you have to specify that something you're about to say isn't racist.  Intro Music: Swirlies- Sarah Sitting Order the Raskol- Heights of Despair Tape: https://demolisten.bigcartel.com/product/raskol-heights-of-despair-cassette  Submit music to demolistenpodcast@gmail.com. Become a patron at https://www.patreon.com/demolistenpodcast. Leave us a message at (260)222-8341 Queue: The Touch, The Xenobots, Slab, Hotline TNT, Dawn's Reflection, V.E.I.N., Yfory, Wharf, Mortal Form, Piss Ant https://thetouchoh.bandcamp.com/ https://thexenobots.bandcamp.com/album/the-xenobots-ep https://badassrock.bandcamp.com/album/demo https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gQnObf60WoY https://crypticscieldvault.bandcamp.com/album/demo-mmxxiii https://eternaldeath.bandcamp.com/album/blood-oaths  

In this episode, I got Dr. Michael Levin and Dr. Josh Bongard, the creators of Xenobots, the world's first living and self-reproducing robot, on the show. This was a really fun episode, as we talked about definition of intelligence, robots, and Xenobots potentially curing diseases and cleaning up oil spills.  ------------------------------------ Thanks to the partners:  Newsly:  https://newsly.mepromo code: EARLYMORNING. Anchor https://anchor.fm  Libysn  https://libsyn.compromo code: DG  Hardsnake Energy https://www.instagram.com/hardsnakenrgy  spikeview https://www.spikeview.comhttps://www.instagram.com/spikeview  ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Listen on: Podcast website: https://anchor.fm/diamondgoat Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/show/0EuhA6WyuerHtVAqcFrFeO Google Podcast: https://www.google.com/podcasts?feed=aHR0cHM6Ly9hbmNob3IuZm0vcy80NzE4MzM5MC9wb2RjYXN0L3Jzcw== RadioPublic: https://radiopublic.com/dg-earlymorning-show-WoML4r Breaker: https://www.breaker.audio/dg-early-morning-show Podcast YT channel clips: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCPZdwPiE-Rb7yv0qQ_7Nqpw Reason: https://reason.fm/podcast/dg-earlymorning-show Apple Podcast: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/dg-early-morning-show/id1575451533 Amazon Music: https://music.amazon.com/podcasts/f050b86c-1dad-4bc3-b12f-6aa5fa62438c Tiktok: @dgearlymorningshow -------------------------------------- Check out my other stuff: Instagram: @itzdiamondgoat Twitter: https://twitter.com/lildiamondgoat Main YT channel: youtube.com/diamondgoat Tiktok: @lildiamondgoat Soundcloud: @Lil Diamondgoat Spotify: @Lil Diamondgoat Merch store: https://diamondgoat.creator-spring.com --- Support this podcast: https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/diamondgoat/support

Michael Levin is a biologist at Tufts University working on novel ways to understand and control complex pattern formation in biological systems. Please support this podcast by checking out our sponsors: – Henson Shaving: https://hensonshaving.com/lex and use code LEX to get 100 free blades with your razor – Eight Sleep: https://www.eightsleep.com/lex to get special savings – LMNT: https://drinkLMNT.com/lex to get free sample pack – InsideTracker: https://insidetracker.com/lex to get 20% off EPISODE LINKS: Michael's Twitter: https://twitter.com/drmichaellevin Michael's Website: https://drmichaellevin.org Michael's Papers: Biological Robots: https://arxiv.org/abs/2207.00880 Synthetic Organisms: https://tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/19420889.2021.2005863 Limb Regeneration: https://science.org/doi/10.1126/sciadv.abj2164 PODCAST INFO: Podcast website: https://lexfridman.com/podcast Apple Podcasts: https://apple.co/2lwqZIr Spotify: https://spoti.fi/2nEwCF8 RSS:

Today we meet with two more extraordinary middle school students who are doing real world aerospace. Argyrios Deanie Vaitsos is entering 8th grade while Dylan Kiesling is entering the seventh. Both boys are finishing up at the same private school in Palm Beach Gardens and are looking at promising high schools in the future. Deanie shares about his team's work on building a paraglider with the intention of retrieving HAB payloads while Dylan Kiesling discusses his work both with xenobots—live robots made from frog cells as well as how digitial engineering makes space application more approachable for students. These students contine to build impressive resumes based around their particular passions, and we can help your students do the same. To find out more, please visit our website at aerospacehigh.org or our social media links: FB: @Go2space. Youtube: Aerospace and Innovation Academy. --- Support this podcast: https://anchor.fm/shawna-christenson2/support

GET HEIRLOOM SEEDS & SURVIVAL RESOURCES HERE: https://heavensharvest.com/ USE Code WAM to get FREE shipping in the United States! STOCK UP ON STOREABLE FOODS HERE: http://wamsurvival.com/ OUR GOGETFUNDING CAMPAIGN: https://gogetfunding.com/help-keep-wam-alive/ GET TIM'S FREE Portfolio Review HERE: https://bit.ly/redpilladvisor And become a client of Tim's at https://www.TheLibertyAdvisor.com Josh Sigurdson reports on the historic implanting of robot brain interfaces in Australia as company 'Synchron' is approved by the FDA. This interface can control their digital devices with their "minds" and allegedly cure neurological problems. Meanwhile, Neuralink is being fast tracked and all while Xenobots go viral as a group last year managed to develop self replicating robots that can essentially mate and reproduce. They're so small that they can be injected into a human. Also, as we've reported, Johns Hopkins is creating "Theragrippers" which are robots based on parasites that can remotely release "medicine" into the body by clinging to the lining of a stomach or colon. Also, mRNA fruits and vegetables are being developed. So basically, they can destroy the supply chain in the Great Reset, ration our foods, feed us poisonous technology and connect us via brain interface to our social credit score and carbon credit score. Prepare now! Stay tuned for more from WAM! PURCHASE PART 1 of TipToe To Tyranny HERE: https://vimeo.com/ondemand/tiptoetotyranny/ GET YOUR APRICOT SEEDS at the life-saving Richardson Nutritional Center HERE: https://rncstore.com/r?id=bg8qc1 OUR PODBEAN CHANNEL: https://worldaltmedia.podbean.com/ Or SPOTIFY: https://open.spotify.com/show/5JWtlXypfL8iR8gGMg9MME FIND US on Rokfin HERE: https://rokfin.com/worldalternativemedia FIND US on SOVREN HERE: https://sovren.media/u/wam/ FIND US on Gettr HERE: https://www.gettr.com/user/worldaltmedia See our EPICFUNDME HERE: https://epicfundme.com/251-world-alternative-media JOIN OUR NEWSLETTER HERE: https://www.iambanned.com/ JOIN our Telegram Group HERE: https://t.me/worldalternativemedia JOIN US On BitChute: https://www.bitchute.com/channel/gzFCj8AuSWgp/ JOIN US On Flote: https://flote.app/JoshSigurdson JOIN US On Odysee (formerly LBRY) HERE: https://odysee.com/@WAM:0 BUY WAM NFTs HERE: https://rarible.com/worldalternativemedia JOIN US on Rumble Here: https://rumble.com/c/c-312314 FIND WAM MERCHANDISE HERE: https://teespring.com/stores/world-alternative-media FIND OUR CoinTree page here: https://cointr.ee/joshsigurdson JOIN US on SubscribeStar here: https://www.subscribestar.com/world-alternative-media We will soon be doing subscriber only content! Follow us on Twitter here: https://twitter.com/WorldAltMedia DONATE PAYPAL HERE: ziggy33@mail.com Help keep independent media alive! Pledge here! Just a dollar a month can help us alive! https://www.patreon.com/user?u=2652072&ty=h&u=2652072 BITCOIN ADDRESS: 18d1WEnYYhBRgZVbeyLr6UfiJhrQygcgNU World Alternative Media 2022

Have a listen to the first ever Underrated ML podcast! We'll walk you through two papers which we found really interesting followed by a few questions and then finally finishing with our verdict on what we believe was the most underrated paper!Links to the papers can be found below.Critical Learning Periods in Deep Neural Networks - https://arxiv.org/abs/1711.08856A scalable pipeline for designing reconfigurable organisms - https://www.pnas.org/content/117/4/1853

Hallo liebe Zukunftsmacher!Lange habt Ihr gewartet, doch jetzt ist es wieder soweit! Der 2b Ahead Zukunftskongress bringt jährlich eine große Anzahl innovativer Personen aus der Wirtschaft, Technik, Politik und Wissenschaft zusammen, stellt die neuesten Trends und Errungenschaften der Zukunft hervor und bietet einen Raum des Austauschs für zukunftsorientierte Führungskräfte. Heute unerhalte ich mich mit einer Person, die mit ihrer Erfindung die Zukunft der Gesundheit nachhaltig verändern kann. Der amerikanische Entwicklungsbiologe Michael Levin hat die Xenobots 2.0 geschaffen. Doch was kann man sich darunter genau vorstellen?Aus Froschzellen setzt sein Team „lebende Roboter“ als rekonfigurierbare Organismen zusammen, die es noch nie gegeben hat. Die millimetergroßen Xenobots können sich auf Ziele zubewegen, sie einkreisen und sich selbst heilen. Eines Tages sollen solche maßgeschneiderten Wesen radioaktive Verseuchung aufspüren, Mikroplastik aufsammeln oder in menschlichen Arterien Ablagerungen abschaben. Unvorstellbar oder?Doch Michael Levin kann uns mit seiner Rede auf dem Zukunftskongress 2021 vom Gegenteil überzeugen!Was kann ich mir unter dem Baum des Lebens der Zukunft vorstellen? Wie verändern Biotechnik und künstliche Intelligenz unsere Natur? Und was bedeutet Menschlichkeit für den Entwicklungsbiologen? Ihr wollt mehr dazu erfahren? Dann hört Euch meine neue Folge an!Auf eine großartige Zukunft!Werde jetzt Teil der Zukunfts-Community und sichere Dir den exklusiven Probemonat in der Future.me Membership. Hier geht's zur AktionHier geht es zu den Janszky Days! Sichere Dir jetzt Tickets: https://janszky.de/digital/zukunfts-ich/Du interessierst Dich für Innovationsreisen? Dann klicke jetzt hier: https://reisen.2bahead.com/

In this special episode, Kelley and Eryn wonder out loud for like 27 minutes whether that assimilation life is really so bad… biologically speaking. Topics include tongues with smiley faces, USB Steve Carrell, standing against Hugh erasure, real-life microscopic self-reproducing biological robots, and our resident Purrengi, Soft, who was thankfully quiet the whole show. We are so desperate for Picard Season 2 to end so we can follow our “no current season” rule and finally talk about the dang Borg skull. So, so desperate. Xenobots paper: https://www.pnas.org/doi/10.1073/pnas.2112672118 Edited by Eryn and Kelley; hokey theme song by Kelley. Contact information IG: @spinalfrontierpod Email: spinalfrontierpod@gmail.com If you follow us on Twitter, we will not be monitoring it for the foreseeable future– please contact us via email or Instagram DM! --- This episode is sponsored by · Anchor: The easiest way to make a podcast. https://anchor.fm/app

Not long ago a machine designed by a computer and constructed of living cells was something crazy to imagine. Not anymore. In this episode I talk with Josh Bongard and Mike Levin about how this is becoming a reality. There are lots of physical possibilities for how animals and robots can coexist but we have only explored a small part of the morphology design space. Life began on Earth at least 3.5 to 4 billion years ago, and it has been evolving ever since. The diversity of life on Earth today is the result of evolution that occurs by natural selection. But, in the next 100 plus years there won't just be plants, animals and humans from natural selection, there will also be computational designed organisms from AI. Computational designed organisms are living machines inspired by the designs and capabilities of biology and computing. These “biobots” are a new form of artificial intelligence. We also talk about The Institute for Computationally Designed Organisms doing things to create other things, all what is possible and how it can change the world. Furthermore we dive into Xenobots, the first living robots they have built which are able to reproduce. They have repurposed living cells from frog embryos and assembled them into entirely new life-forms that can move toward a target. This discovery may be meaningful for the future of medicine, the environment and even life itself. Who are Joshua Bongard & Michael Levin? Dr. Joshua Bongard is the Veinott Professor of Computer Science at the University of Vermont and the director of the Morphology, Evolution & Cognition Laboratory. His work involves computational approaches to the automated design and manufacture of soft-, evolved-, and crowdsourced robots, as well as computer-designed organisms. Dr. Michael Levin is a developmental and synthetic biologist; the Vannevar Bush Professor of Biology at Tufts University, where he directs the Allen Discovery Research Center, and associate faculty at Harvard University's Wyss Institute. Levin and his colleagues use developmental biophysics, cognitive science, and computational modeling approaches to understand tissue plasticity, especially focused on bioelectrical information processing in non-neural cell networks. Both Josh and Mike are co-directors of the Institute for Computationally Designed Organisms. Topics we touch: Welcome Josh & Michael to The Rhys Show: (00:00) Through line that ties all of Josh's work together: (02:24) Through line that ties all of Mike's work together: (02:55) Josh (computational side) & Mike (biology side) collaborating together: (04:35) The impact of synthetic biology on society in the next decades. Xenobots & ICDO Institution?: (07:01) How does Xenobot fit into the vision of synthetic morphology?: (11:03) What is a Xenobot - an organism designed by AI?: (14:06) Pronunciation & meaning of “xeno”bots: (17:50) Getting Xenobots to do things: (18:23) Biochemical/bio electrical signaling - Making things do different things: (23:01) About perverse instantiation: (26:09) How is the biosphere going to change in the next couple of decades according to Mike: (30:18) Rewriting the biosphere according to Josh: (35:10) About morpho space - what is scary and safe in the morpho space: (36:55) Advice from Michael: (42:44) Advice from Josh: (44:58) Connect with Josh Bongard & Mike Levin: Josh Youtube: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCKCmKOwVkoAh2NDp0T-Ovng Josh Twitter: https://twitter.com/DoctorJosh Josh Wikipedia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Josh_Bongard About Mike: https://allencenter.tufts.edu/our-team/michael-levin/ Mike Twitter: https://twitter.com/drmichaellevin Website “The Institute for Computationally Designed Organisms (ICDO)”: https://icdorgs.org/ CDOs: https://cdorgs.github.io/code

WATCH: https://youtu.be/v6gp-ORTBlU Michael Levin is a Distinguished Professor in the Biology department at Tufts University. He holds the Vannevar Bush endowed Chair and serves as director of the Allen Discovery Center at Tufts and the Tufts Center for Regenerative and Developmental Biology. He attended Tufts University, interested in artificial intelligence and unconventional computation. To explore the algorithms by which the biological world implemented complex adaptive behavior, he got dual B.S. degrees, in CS and in Biology and then received a PhD from Harvard University. He did post-doctoral training at Harvard, where he began to uncover a new bioelectric language by which cells coordinate their activity during embryogenesis. EPISODE LINKS: - Mike's Website: https://wyss.harvard.edu/team/associate-faculty/michael-levin-ph-d/ - Mike's Twitter: https://twitter.com/drmichaellevin - Mike's Publications: https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=luouyakAAAAJ&hl=en - Mike's Lab: https://ase.tufts.edu/biology/labs/levin/ - TED: https://youtu.be/XheAMrS8Q1c CONNECT: - Website: https://tevinnaidu.com - Instagram: https://instagram.com/drtevinnaidu - Facebook: https://facebook.com/drtevinnaidu - Twitter: https://twitter.com/drtevinnaidu - LinkedIn: https://linkedin.com/in/drtevinnaidu TIMESTAMPS: (0:00) - Introduction (0:37) - How Mike's work changed biology (2:59) - Electrical signals as information carriers (5:16) - Defining intelligence (12:30) - Evolution of AI (17:26) - "Artificial" vs "natural" intelligence (20:19) - Developmental psychology & AI (21:37) - Animals, cyborgs & hybrids of intelligence (26:49) - Morphogenetics, embryogenesis, cellular intelligence & basal cognition (33:05) - Benefits of bioelectric communication (42:04) - Histological communication differences (46:04) - DNA as hardware & electrical signals as software (57:09) - Practical implications (1:03:41) - Xenobots (proto-animals) (1:10:22) - Regenerative medicine (1:15:11) - Conclusion Website · YouTube

WATCH: https://youtu.be/v6gp-ORTBlU Michael Levin is a Distinguished Professor in the Biology department at Tufts University. He holds the Vannevar Bush endowed Chair and serves as director of the Allen Discovery Center at Tufts and the Tufts Center for Regenerative and Developmental Biology. He attended Tufts University, interested in artificial intelligence and unconventional computation. To explore the algorithms by which the biological world implemented complex adaptive behavior, he got dual B.S. degrees, in CS and in Biology and then received a PhD from Harvard University. He did post-doctoral training at Harvard, where he began to uncover a new bioelectric language by which cells coordinate their activity during embryogenesis. EPISODE LINKS: - Mike's Website: https://wyss.harvard.edu/team/associate-faculty/michael-levin-ph-d/ - Mike's Twitter: https://twitter.com/drmichaellevin - Mike's Publications: https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=luouyakAAAAJ&hl=en - Mike's Lab: https://ase.tufts.edu/biology/labs/levin/ - TED: https://youtu.be/XheAMrS8Q1c CONNECT: - Website: https://tevinnaidu.com - Instagram: https://instagram.com/drtevinnaidu - Facebook: https://facebook.com/drtevinnaidu - Twitter: https://twitter.com/drtevinnaidu - LinkedIn: https://linkedin.com/in/drtevinnaidu TIMESTAMPS: (0:00) - Introduction (0:37) - How Mike's work changed biology (2:59) - Electrical signals as information carriers (5:16) - Defining intelligence (12:30) - Evolution of AI (17:26) - "Artificial" vs "natural" intelligence (20:19) - Developmental psychology & AI (21:37) - Animals, cyborgs & hybrids of intelligence (26:49) - Morphogenetics, embryogenesis, cellular intelligence & basal cognition (33:05) - Benefits of bioelectric communication (42:04) - Histological communication differences (46:04) - DNA as hardware & electrical signals as software (57:09) - Practical implications (1:03:41) - Xenobots (proto-animals) (1:10:22) - Regenerative medicine (1:15:11) - Conclusion Website · YouTube · YouTube

Xenobots are very tiny robots composed of organic cellular material. According to researchers, the programmable living things are made of frog stem cells. They can swim in fluid, join forces to act collectively and move small objects, which in the future could make them useful for monitoring radioactivity, diseases and pollutants. This week Kristen Meinzer sits down with Josh Bongard, Veinott Professor of Computer Science, University of Vermont, and Michael Levin, distinguished professor, Vannevar Bush Chair at Tufts University, two of the brilliant minds demonstrating advances in robotics. Invesco Distributors, Inc.

En este programa a veces se mencionan palabras muy raras. Esta semana hablamos sobre los xenobots, un concepto a medio camino entre lo artificial y la vida que nos explica Sergio Cordero, incluyendo el estado de su investigación y las posibilidades que pueden traernos en el futuro.Jesús Callejo se remonta a los intentos del ser humano por crear vida, con figuras como las de los golems, los tulpas o los homúnculos. Fran Izuzquiza cree que a veces Sergio y Jesús se inventan estas palabras para parecer más listos. Alberto Espinosa piensa que seguramente Fran sí podría ser mucho más listo, pero es lo que hay.Y lo que también hay es que todas vuestras escuchas nos ayudan a generar ingresos para hacer una gran donación a bancos de alimentos que son vitales para mantener a muchas personas con necesidad. ¡Gracias por escucharnos, y gracias por hacerlo posible!

In this exciting episode, Mitch Belkin and Daniel Belkin speak with Professor Michael Levin about bioelectricity, the electrical potentials that cells use to communicate with one another. Professor Levin argues that bioelectricity is the software of cellular communication and is the medium through which we can control top-down modular programs for cancer prevention, limb regeneration, and birth defect repair. This interview covers how he co-created Xenobots; how somatic cells function like neurons; how his work incorporates insights from Karl Friston on collective intelligence and the free energy principle; and his dream of building an anatomic compiler, a theoretical biological-design program that would allow users to produce any anatomic configuration of any organism using bioelectricity.Who is Michael Levin?Professor Michael Levin is a biologist at Tufts University, where he investigates informational storage and processing in biological systems. He received a dual Bachelor's in computer science and biology at Tufts. He then received his PhD in Genetics from Harvard where he characterized the molecular-genetic mechanisms of embryologic left-right asymmetry. Nature lists this discovery on its 100 milestones of developmental biology of the century. Currently, he is the director of the Tufts Center for Regenerative and Developmental Biology and the Allen Discovery Center at Tufts University. He is the co-editor in chief of the journal Bioelectricity, the founding associate editor of Collective Intelligence, and he sits on the editorial advisory board of Laterality. He has published more than 350 papers. References:Professor Michael Levin's lab website“Molecular bioelectricity: how endogenous voltage potentials control cell behavior and instruct pattern regulation in vivo”Review of Left-Right AsymmetryXenobotsIon flows and regenerationPaper on Harold Burr's work on Bioelectricity in the 1930sBioelectric controls of cell proliferation: Ion channels, membrane voltage and the cell cycleTwitter: @DrMichaelLevin______________________Follow us @ExMedPod, and sign up for our newsletter at www.externalmedicinepodcast.com/subscribeDaniel Belkin and Mitch Belkin are brothers and 4th year medical students.  The External Medicine Podcast is a podcast exploring nontraditional medical ideas and innovation.  

Desde que se inventó la primera vacuna, existieron teorías de conspiración. En este episodio se ha la de los hombres vacas, la mala pronunciación de palabras, el conflicto de Neil Young y las supersticiones de Eric Clapton. Encuestas de Twitter y Xenobots. Exclusivo Patreon: Como ser sugar baby y/o subar daddy. --- Support this podcast: https://anchor.fm/joserguzman/support

No, we werent captured by the FBI...not yet. But we did take a break, however we are back! This weeks show Fernando and Juan chat about a new mechanical organism. The world has been introduced to xenobots. Small organic but robotic creatures that can self replicate, yes, be scared. Skynet is real and its comin for us! Also, are we too dependent on technology? And was the new Matrix movie any good? Join us as we reach new heights in human consciousness and we evolve to our final form.....Terminator! --- Support this podcast: https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/mindhacked/support

The None of our Businesses crew gather to discuss analysis paralysis around data analytics, self replicating robots called xenobots which happen to look like Pac-Man, making money through innovations in the poop industry, Musk is making waves on twitter again this time through heated debate with Elizabeth Warren, how Powerball winners may be taxed resulting in a lower payout than expected.   Data Analytics - https://www.accountingtoday.com/news/3-steps-to-improving-your-accounting-data-analytics-results   Xenobots - https://www.npr.org/2021/12/01/1060027395/robots-xenobots-living-self-replicating-copy   Poop Money - https://news.crunchbase.com/news/vc-poop-startups-agricultural-human-waste/?utm_source=cb_daily&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=20211213&utm_content=intro&utm_term=content&utm_source=cb_daily&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=20211213   Musk vs. Warren - https://www.cnn.com/2021/12/15/investing/elon-musk-elizabeth-warren-taxes/index.html   Powerball - https://www.cnbc.com/2021/12/16/powerballs-jackpot-is-353-million-mega-millions-is-at-160-million.html   None of Our Businesses Episode 104, January 2022

Happy Wednesday from The BROOTal View Crew, today begins with the crew celebrating Broot's recent music achievement. Shortly after the introduction, they go into another escapade of Broot's most recent Tindy (Tinder) experience and dating in general. That segment leads into a short IG Videos sesh' this week, followed by some hypothetical questions. Eventually, the questions turn into NH's gun laws, Tik Tok, pedophilia, Xenobots and much... much more.The introductory music is "Ebonics (Criminal Slang)" by Big L.Sponsors:Get some of the comfiest and most unique styles of urban clothing out today by visiting Alternative Original clothing; use discount code  TBVPODCAST  to get 20% off your order  https://alternativeoriginal.com.Become a member and click the link to receive a discount to stream exclusively seamless music on Amazon Music; use the link:  https://getamazonmusic.com/brootAffiliates:-Get your own personal HydroCell Water Canister, the sweat resistant, temperature-controlled water container is easily the best I've ever seen. It's at an extremely affordable price, use the link: [https://www.amazon.com/dp/B01MXJ33W0/ref=as_sl_pc_tf_til?tag=broot07-20&linkCode=w00&linkId=ff42317361f891aff0a38f4275fb14cf&creativeASIN=B01MXJ33W0] to let them know we've sent you.-Get a 420 Cleaner for only $12 through this referral link:[https://amzn.to/3veXTM2]Brought to you by Broot's World, LLC.Support the show (https://www.patreon.com/tbvpodcast)

(1:01) - Team Builds First Living Robots - That Can Reproduce(11:30) - Tissue Engineering Using Mechanobiology And Micromanipulation

The Beta Boiz are out of the studio, back to an undisclosed location in Silverado, California. The Boiz dive into the hot topics of the month: Xenobots, the Metaverse, and Ghislaine Maxwell's trial. As usual, this episode goes off the rails! Tune in for the show! 20% OFF ALL BOUNDLESS TECH PURCHASES ONLINE https://bndlstech.com/ Enter the promocode UNCLE20 for discount Listen to Shá Nova's new album "Kenja" (Gabe's band) on spotify! https://open.spotify.com/album/5UXDaIJgf9a64QKByKsHpU?si=1th9d6DlSbqoshV9LUG_Cw --- This episode is sponsored by · Anchor: The easiest way to make a podcast. https://anchor.fm/app

In this episode of the Q&E Podcast, we recap Week 13 in the NFL and its biggest storylines: Are Lamar Struggles Long Term? Taylor Heinicke the Future for WFT? More Dangerous Team: Bengals or Chargers? We get into a lot of interesting entertainment topics including the Xenobots becoming the first reproducing robots and Joel Osteen's Plumbing Finesse. We also talk about the Demar Derozan for MVP, Drake's Grammy Withdrawal and College Football Playoff News/Heisman Talk along with much more! Segments: Sports News/Topics, Too Wild Wednesday, Social Media Wants to Know, Entertainment/Current Events, Pass the Aux Follow your hosts on social media: Twitter: https://www.twitter.com/QEPodcast1, Host: https://www.twitter.com/Q_Hicks3; https://www.twitter.com/EdgarMartin97 IG: https://www.instagram.com/qandepodcast, Host: https://www.instagram.com/edgarmartinofficial Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/qepodcast YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCTOeOOheEI1tWoLeAcyGp4g Email us questions: qandepodcast@gmail.com

No matter the longitude or latitude, our boys bring the attitude! Mike, Peter and Jon get together to talk about the latest findings on UFOs, self-replicating robots, New York City's first in the nation attempt to curb bias in computer algorithms, and more. Also, Mike's recording live from the Bermuda Triangle. Take a break and listen to Red Channel Condition!

Welcome back! It's an episode of celebration as T Lock FINALLY got his PS5....but not without a last curveball :( Was the next-gen console worth the wait? Is it enough to sway T Lock from being team X Box? Hasan posed a great question...would you sell the image of your face to be on a marketing robot for 200k? Kids today don't know how good they have it...but some kids, including T Lock's, think they have it better than most. Tap in to hear the wish list of T Lock's two kids. Would you let Santa take all the credit for buying the presents? Scientists who made the first living robot, claim that there are new lifeforms, Xenobots, can now reproduce and self heal. The death of humans are on the horizon. As always, tap the link below to follow our IG. Click the support link in the description to subscribe to the channel. Don't forget to click follow/notification button to keep updated when new episodes come out. Click here for DWG Instagram: https://linktr.ee/everythingtlock --- Support this podcast: https://anchor.fm/dadswhogame/support

TM News 45 - Omicron, Quantum Time, Robot Server, Sandbox Crypto, Jack Steps Down, Xenobots...http://www.troubledminds.org ⬇⬇⬇ Support The Show! ⬇⬇⬇➡ https://www.rokfin.com/troubledminds ⬅➡ https://troubled-minds-store.creator-spring.com/ ⬅#aliens #conspiracy #paranormal--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------https://scitechdaily.com/time-reversal-phenomenon-in-the-quantum-realm-not-even-time-flows-as-you-might-expect/https://www.reuters.com/world/us/fauci-says-new-us-restrictions-amid-omicron-unlikely-2021-11-29/https://www.reuters.com/world/africa/safrican-doctor-says-patients-with-omicron-variant-have-very-mild-symptoms-2021-11-28/https://nypost.com/2021/11/29/ted-cruz-rand-paul-rip-fauci-over-i-represent-science-claim/https://www.nytimes.com/2021/11/28/business/media-misinformation-disinformation.htmlhttps://www.inverse.com/science/mars-moons-magnetic-fieldhttps://jalopnik.com/this-whole-metaverse-mega-yacht-nft-makes-me-want-to-di-1848131215https://www.sandbox.game/en/https://futurism.com/robot-server-dennyshttps://www.newsweek.com/cache-thousands-ancient-roman-silver-coins-found-river-1653112https://www.space.com/eggshell-exoplanets-ultra-smooth-surfaceshttps://archive.vn/M6t8shttps://www.cnbc.com/2021/11/29/twitter-ceo-jack-dorsey-is-expected-to-step-down-sources-say.htmlhttps://outsider.com/news/trending/massive-asteroid-will-approach-earth-tomorrow/https://www.inverse.com/science/tetrapodophis-amplectus-fossil-debatehttps://www.thedailybeast.com/xenobots-the-worlds-first-living-robot-learn-how-to-self-replicatehttps://mashable.com/article/you-cannot-unlike-inactive-pages-on-facebookhttps://media.discordapp.net/attachments/526325804041240576/914597799851606076/FFRrdYBX0AQUK6N.png?width=615&height=345

On ep. 54 the boys talk the state of Hip-hop at the moment, Xenobots being able to self-reproduce and what the hell that means, and then finish it off with sports. Listen till the very end to hear Jimmy's first rap in 10 years produced by young Z. LIKE AND SUBSCRIBE!! Call us - 910-726-3900!!!YouTube Channel - https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC32SZXnM4MaOXT6CXRqmx4gFollow us on Instagram - https://www.instagram.com/aroundwtheboys/Follow us on Twitter - https://twitter.com/aroundwtheboysFollow us on Twitch - https://Twitch.tv/AroundWTheBoysLike our Facebook page - Facebook.com/AroundWithTheBoyswww.AroundWithTheBoys.com

#XENOBOTS #LIVINGROBOTS #ROBOTS #MICROORGANISMS #CONSPIRACY 0:00-16:54 XENOBOTS/HUMANS FUTURE 16:55-27:00 STANLEY MEYER DEATH/OIL/CONSPIRACIES On this episode we delve into the Xenobots . Xenobots are collections of living cells and have no brain or digestive system. But in a real sense they can be programmed — to corral other cells, as in this study, or eventually to do other things. That's why the researchers think of them as tiny organic robots. Is this the beginning or end of us as humans ? Is this a good or bad thing ? We also go into things in the past that were hidden from us . How much can we actually trust ? TRUEXACTRADIO.COM @TRUEXACTRADIO on all platforms @BRIAN_NJ43 @ERIKHASJUST CATCH ALL NEW MUSIC ON YOUTUBE/SPOTIFY - TRUEXACT

Tuesday - 11/30/21 - Xenobots and Topics-The world's first living robots — known as “xenobots” — can now reproduce, US scientists have revealed.-Faces in Ultrasounds-Frankenstein Dog!!We've also got a few other cool topics to discuss tonight. Come join the fun!Join us LIVE weeknights at 7p CT/8p ET on YouTube, Facebook, OpsLens, Mojo 5-0 Radio, iHeartRadio, and Spreaker.com.###Follow Us:https://abnormalrealities.comhttps://twitter.com/abnormalshowhttps://instagram.com/abnormalrealitieshttps://facebook.com/abnormalrealitiesSupport our Show:https://www.abnormalrealities.com/shophttps://www.abnormalrealities.com/donate#HillHouse #LifeFlash #KilledbyGhosts #Cryptids #Paranormal #UAP #UFO #SpiritBox #GhostVoices #AbnormalRealities #RonPhillips #RocciStucci #Mojo50 #OpsLens #Bigfoot #Conspiracy #ConspiracyTheories #WhatTheHellIsThat

On this episode of the podcast I speak with Professor Josh Bongard who is one of the inventors of Xenobots. We discuss their development, their potential applications, and the moral and philosophical implications of their creation. ►Watch this episode on YouTube: https://youtu.be/3B5WnPoXXpQ ►Check out Josh's staff page at the University of Vermont for more information: https://www.uvm.edu/cems/cs/profiles/josh_bongard

How do our bodies know what to become? There are no instructions in our genes that code for the exact 3D structure of our bodies. There's no tiny human contained in our DNA. So, what powers the transformation of the first cell in the embryo to a full-blown organism? Dr Michael Levin is attacking this problem and, in the process of answering it, his lab is uncovering an entirely new way of looking at biology. == What we talk about == 0:04 - Introduction 1:20 - You were a software engineer. How did you get interested in biology? 6:50 - Can bacteria exhibit intelligent behavior? 7:46 - How do organisms take their final shape? 22:51 - How do cells in our body know when to stop multiplying? 27:49 - Analogs of software and hardware in developmental biology 34:20 - Where are the body plans stored in complex organisms like ours? 43:33 - What post-DNA paradigms are important in biology? 48:20 - What is regenerative medicine? 50:20 - How far have we progressed in regenerative medicine? 52:52 - Xenobots: world's first synthetic organisms 1:00:12 - How to program Xenobots 1:05:13 - How do you handle the ethical dilemma while you are working with conscious organisms? 1:10:22 - How do you enable the scientific creativity in your lab and amongst your students? And is it a teachable skill? == About the guest == Michael Levin is a Distinguished Professor in the Biology department at Tufts and serves as director of the Allen Discovery Center. He holds a PhD in biology from the Harvard University. At Tufts, his research group is interested in figuring out how our bodies know what to become. He believes that what guides our body plans is bio-electric communication between different units. Our bodies take shape the way they have because each of our subunits - cells, tissues, organs - collectively decides it to be that way.

What are Xenobots? How do they work? And what are the implications of this technology? See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Humans have been experimenting with organisms since the agricultural revolution. Now, for the first time ever, we have created biological machines. These organisms, known as “xenobots,” are brand-new life forms: The world's first programmable living organisms.   https://www.insightfulthinkersmedia.com/   References:   Coghlan, S., & Leins, K. (2020). “Living Robots”: Ethical Questions About Xenobots. The American Journal of Bioethics, 20(5).   Kriegman, S., Blackiston, D., Levin, M., & Bongard, J. (2020). A scalable pipeline for designing reconfigurable organisms. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 117(4), 1853–1859.