Podcasts about Oxford dictionary

I greet you in Jesus' precious name! It is Wednesday morning, the 10th of June, 2026, and this is your friend, Angus Buchan, with a thought for today. We start in the Book of Deuteronomy 12:1: “These are the statutes and judgements which you shall be careful to observe in the land which the Lord God of your fathers is giving you to possess, all the days that you live on the earth.” The Lord has given us statutes and judgements to live by, not for His sake, but for our sake, that we might live a life of joy and freedom and direction and fulfilment. To confirm that, we go to John 8:36, where Jesus, Himself, says: “Therefore if the Son makes you free, you shall be free indeed”.Now, I looked up the Oxford Dictionary to look up the meaning of the word “statute”. It means a rule, a written law, a set up. Then I looked up the meaning of the word, “judgement”. It is sensible opinions, a conclusion, a decision. Can you see now, all of these laws have been put into place so that you and I can live a wonderful, free life. You know that word, “grace”? It is a beautiful, beautiful word. Grace is actually undeserved favour, undeserved loving kindness, given to you and me by Jesus Christ, through the power of His Holy Spirit. When you are born-again and the Spirit of God comes into you, you don't want to break the law anymore. You don't want to walk in untruth and in unrighteousness. You want to walk in freedom. Now freedom comes through obeying the word of God. I really want to encourage you today. This is not a time for you and me to “wing it” as they say, “Just give it a go. It doesn't matter, just do it.” No, the Lord has made you and me responsible people. The people of the world are looking to us to find out what the right way to live a fulfilled, joyous life is, and it is by obeying the rules, by walking in true judgement, by making right decisions. Don't just do things because you think it is a good idea and other people are doing them. No, that is why you read your Bible every morning. God will show you that you must do this because it is right and you must not do that because it is wrong. Of course, your plumb line is the one thing that you stand by, it is the Bible, and the word of God is what sets us free. So today, go into all the world with joy in your heart, knowing that you are doing the right thing because it is what the Bible says.Jesus bless you and have a wonderful day.Goodbye.

I greet you in Jesus' precious name! It is Saturday morning, the 6th of June, 2026, and this is your friend, Angus Buchan, with a thought for today. If we go to 1 Corinthians 4:15, Paul says: “For though you might have ten thousand instructors in Christ, yet you do not have many fathers; for in Christ Jesus I have begotten you through the gospel.”Ten thousand instructors, very few fathers, and I want to include mothers in this thought today. I am talking about the heads of our homes. I looked up the Oxford Dictionary to see the literal meaning of the word "mentorship" and "a mentor”. A mentor is an experienced person who advises you over a period of time. It takes a long time to be a mentor, a father, a mother. If you look at the next verse, 1 Corinthians 4:16: it says, “Therefore” Paul says, “I urge you, imitate me.” Then we go to 1 Corinthians 11:1, he says it again: “Imitate me, just as I also imitate Christ.”Now there is a challenge. It is not easy, no ways, and it takes a long time. In fact, it takes a lifetime. My children are grown up and my oldest children are grandparents already, but yet I am still there for them. I am still their mentor and their dad. A mentor is a counsellor, a consultant, a trainer, a guide, an instructor, a teacher. Are you talking to your children every day? Are they talking to you? Because if they are not, you are not doing the work God has called you to. It is not easy. I know. I have many children. In fact, I am mentoring over 500 men at the moment, so I really know what I am talking about, and it is not easy and often you drop the baton. We were asked many years ago by the ANC, our political party in South Africa, to stop criticising the party and to come with constructive criticism, as it were. I got an opportunity to speak to the President of South Africa, and I said, “Sir, the problem in our nation is a fatherless generation.”I want to say to you today, take up your role as mentor in your home. You might be a single parent but you still have to take the responsibility, father or mother, because the children are desperate for leadership.Jesus bless you and have a good day.Goodbye.

The Oxford Dictionary defines habit as:  A settled or regular tendency or practice, especially one […]

The Oxford Dictionary defines habit as:  A settled or regular tendency or practice, especially one […]

I greet you in Jesus' precious name! It is Thursday morning, the 21st of May, 2026, and this is your friend, Angus Buchan, with a thought for today.We go to the Book of Acts 19:11: “Now God worked unusual miracles by the hands of Paul, so that even handkerchiefs or aprons were brought from his body to the sick, and the diseases left them and the evil spirits went out of them.” Oh, I want to ask you a question today. Do you believe in miracles? I really do and I have seen too many of them to doubt the hand of God. I looked up the Oxford Dictionary to get the definition of the word “Miracle”, and this is what it says: A miracle is a welcome event that is so extraordinary that it is thought to be the work of God or a saint. It is a wonder, it is a marvel, it is unbelievable. Now, I want to tell you about another miracle that happened in my life. Many years ago, there was a farmer. His name was Job. He was going through a terrible drought in the north-west of our country. He reached out and said, “Please pray. We need rain. My boreholes are drying up. We don't have enough water.” He had a dairy farm and his cows were really battling, no food, no water. So we flew up to the farm and before we went up there I had read the account of Elisha and the salt. If we look at 2 Kings 2:22, and this is what it says: “So the water remains healed to this day, according to the word of Elisha which he spoke.” So I took a bag of coarse salt with us, about 5 kilos, and we flew up in the aeroplane. I got to his farm. I wanted to know, “Where is his main borehole?” and I walked up and all the staff got around. We poured the coarse salt down into the borehole and we prayed a prayer.Well, it wasn't a week later, we got a report that there was a flood in that area and there was so much rain that it actually washed the road away. God answered prayer. I've been to that very spring which Elisha poured the salt into the bitter water and I can tell you it is sweet even to this day. Please do not limit God!Jesus bless you and have a wonderful day.Goodbye.

Academic Impact Podcast 293 © 2026 ISBN 978976975207.mp3Abstract This study examines the linguistic landscape of first-century Palestine to analyze the languages spoken by Jesus of Nazareth. Drawing from historical, biblical, and etymological evidence, it identifies Aramaic as Jesus' primary spoken language, Hebrew as the liturgical and scriptural medium, and Greek as a secondary language for broader communication. Biblical passages containing Aramaic expressions, Hebrew scriptural readings, and Greek interactions are examined. This investigation highlights the multilingual environment in which Jesus lived, providing insight into the transmission of his teachings and the interpretation of the New Testament.Dr. William Anderson Gittens,D.D.Podcast 293 The Languages of Jesus Linguistic and Bibilical Perspectives. C.2026© 2026  ISBN 978976975207 Devgro Media Arts Services Publishing®2015 In collaboration with iMovie present Podcast 293 The Languages of Jesus Linguistic and Bibilical Perspectives. C.2026© 2026  ISBN 978976975207 RECOGNITIONSI am incredibly appreciative of the Creator's hand that has guided me every step of the way as I pause to consider my path. I am incredibly grateful to my late parents, Charles and Ira Gittens, for all the blessings life has bestowed upon me. They gave me their creative spirit and wisdom, which have consistently inspired me throughout my life. Their counsel and encouragement continue to resonate within me, shaping my path and purpose. Magnola Gittens, my dear wife, your steadfast support has been my rock during stormy times. Your compassion and love give me the fortitude I need to deal with the challenges of life. Your presence uplifts and consoles me, and for that I will always be grateful. I would want to express my gratitude to my sisters, Emerald, Marcella, and Cheryl, as well as my brothers, Shurland, Charles, Ricardo, and my late brothers Arnott and Stephen, for being my unwavering travel partners.Every one of you has made a distinct contribution to my story, reminding me of the significance of family relationships in forming my current identity. My relatives Joy Mayers, Kevin and Ernest Mayers, Donna Archer, Avis Dyer, and Jackie Clarke have my sincere gratitude. My life has been immensely enhanced by your love and friendship. My uncles Clifford, Leonard Mayers, David Bruce, and Collin Rock, thank you for your vital assistance that has strengthened our family ties. You are my pride and delight, my children Laron and Lisa, and my grandson Elijah. You are the inspiration behind my work and the source of my drive to inspire and create.I also want to express my gratitude to everyone who has supported me and wished me nothing but the best. Mr. and Mrs. Andrew Platizky, Mr. Matthew Sutton, Mr. Juan Arroyo, Mr. and Mrs. David Lavine, and several others have been instrumental in my growth and have inspired me to constantly follow my passions. I had the honuor of learning from outstanding mentors while attending New Jersey City University (NJCU), including the late Dr. Joseph Drew, Merline Mayers, Mrs. Ellen Gordon, Dr. Nicholas Gordon, Rev. Dr. Scofield Eversley BSS, and numerous more. After graduation, discussions about improving my writing abilities were crucial to my development and laid the groundwork for my future aspirations. My journey has been greatly influenced by my experiences in the leisure activities business over the last thirty years. I dedicated myself to writing from 1995 to 2026, producing 293 podcasts that are well-received by the community and 465E-Publications. As a modest measure of appreciation for Dr. Joseph Drew's huge influence on my life, I dedicated my 66th publication, "A Tribute to Culture" Vol. 1, to him in acknowledgment of the profound impact he had on my academic and personal development.I continue to be grateful to everyone who has contributed to my tale and to the Creator for the limitless opportunities this trip presents as I anticipate what is ahead. My life has been profoundly impacted by each person's presence, pointing me in the direction of a promising future.Dr. William Anderson Gittens, D.D.COPYRIGHT Podcast 293 The Languages of Jesus Linguistic and Bibilical Perspectives. C.2026© 2026  ISBN 978976975207 First Edition All rights reserved.No part of this book may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, whether electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the copyright owner, Dr. William Anderson Gittens, D.D.Credits:Typeset, layout design, photographs, and illustrations by Dr. William Anderson Gittens, D.D.Published by Devgro Media Arts Services Publishing ® 2015Contact Information:Email: wgittens11@gmail.comTwitter: [@lisalaron](https://twitter.com/lisalaron)Facebook: [wgittens2](https://www.facebook.com/wgittens2)LinkedIn: [William Andersongittens](https://www.linkedin.com/in/williamandersongittensauthorb1886b26)YouTube Channel: [G2fHej_RKbA](https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCxYWov8tzbe5rHzik528dAw)Academia Profile: [William Gittens](https://independent.academia.edu/WilliamGittens)For additional insights, you can watch this video: [Watch Here](https://youtu.be/G2fHej_RKbA)Location: Based in Bridgetown, BarbadosREFERENCESA Devgro Media Arts Services Publishing ® 2015 Production copyright2026Academia.edu. (2026).American Psychological Association. (2020). Publication manual of the American Psychological Association (7th ed.). APA.Blomberg, C. L. (1990). The Historical Reliability of the Gospels. InterVarsity Press.Buth, R. A. (2007). Hebrew in the New Testament: The evidence for its use in the teaching of Jesus and the apostles. Journal of Biblical Literature, 126(2), 231-252.Cross, F. L., & McLaughlin, E. (Eds.). (2003). The Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church (3rd ed.). Oxford University Press.Gittens, W. A. (2026). The languages of Jesus: Linguistic and biblical perspectives. Published by Devgro Media Arts Services Publishing ® 2015 ISBN 978976975207Hall, S. (1997). Representation: Cultural Representations and Signifying Practices. Sage.https://biblehub.com/hebrew/7307.htmhttps://brill.com/display/title/72030https://byustudies.byu.edu/article/hebrew-aramaic-greek-and-latin-languages-of-new-testament-judea,https://centerforisrael.com/article/what-language-did-jesus-speak/)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greek_languagehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Language_of_the_New_Testamenthttps://firmisrael.org/learn/hebrew-word-for-love-4-biblical-and-modern-hebrew-words-to-know/https://integraliah.com/should-catholics-learn-hebrew-exploring-religious-reasons/https://israelbiblicalstudies.com/blog/category/jewish-studies/torah-portion-in-real-time-vayeshev/https://jewishvirtuallibrary.org/aramaic,https://ourrabbijesus.com/articles/a-hebraic-look-at-the-gospel-and-its-surprising-bearers/)https://skipmoen.com/2004/02/poor/https://www.britannica.com/topic/Aramaic-language,https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/new-testament-studieshttps://www.history.com/articles/jesus-spoke-languagehttps://www.history.com/articles/jesus-spoke-language)https://www.jerusalemperspective.com/6601/,https://www.reddit.com/r/ancientrome/comments/1879rtu/in_territories_like_egypt_the_near_east_middle/,Gittens, 2026International Federation of Journalists. (2019). Code of Ethics. https://www.ifj.org/ethics.htmlJohn 12:20–22, New International Version.Lewis, C. T., & Short, C. (1879). A Latin Dictionary. Oxford University Press.Luke 4:16–20, New International Version.Mark 15:34, New International Version.Mark 5:41, New International Version.Olson, D. T. (2013). The Theology of the Reformation. Westminster John Knox Press.Porter, S. E. (2004). Linguistic Backgrounds of the New Testament: Written Greek and the Semitic Languages. Baker Academic.Support the showCultural Factors Influence Academic Achievements© 2024 ISBN978-976-97385-7-7 A_MEMOIR_OF_Dr_William_Anderson_Gittens_D_D_2024_ISBNISBN978_976_97385_0_8Academic.edu. Chief of Audio Visual Aids Officer Mr. Michael Owen Chief of Audio Visual Aids Officer Mr. Selwyn Belle Commissioner of Police Mr. Orville Durant Dr. William Anderson Gittens, D.D En.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lifelong_learning Hackett Philip Media Resource Development Officer Holder, B,Anthony Episcopal Priest,https://brainly.com/question/36353773https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lifelong_learning#cite_note-19https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lifelong_learning#cite_note-:2-18https://independent.academia.edu/WilliamGittens/Bookshttps://scholar.google.com/scholar?hl=en&as_sdt=0%2C5&q=william+anderson+gittens+barbados&oq=william+anderson+gittenshttps://www.academia.edu/123754463/https://www.buzzsprout.com/429292/episodes. https://www.youtube.com/@williamandersongittens1714. Mr.Greene, Rupert

This week, I had an epidural pain injection, so I talked about the experience. Overall: thumbs up! The worse thing for me, as usual, was the pre-procedure anxiety. Otherwise it went very well! Then, I talked about a hot topic: FOOD NOISE. It’s a recently coined term and it isn’t even in the Oxford Dictionary […]

John Graunt was a shopkeeper in 17th-century London who followed his own curiosity to a rather grand result. His work gave rise to the fields of demography and epidemiology. Research: Berke, Olaf, et al. “Celebration day: 400th birthday of John Graunt, citizen scientist of London.” Environmental Health Review. 63(3): 67-69. 2020. https://doi.org/10.5864/d2020-018 Britannica Editors. "John Graunt". Encyclopedia Britannica, 20 Apr. 2025, https://www.britannica.com/biography/John-Graunt Britannica, The Editors of Encyclopaedia. "Sir William Petty." Encyclopedia Britannica, 11 Apr. 2026, https://www.britannica.com/money/William-Petty Clark, Andrew. “Aubrey’s ‘Brief Lives.’” Oxford. Clarendon Press. 1898. https://dn790003.ca.archive.org/0/items/briefliveschiefl01aubruoft/briefliveschiefl01aubruoft.pdf Connor, Henry. “John Graunt F.R.S. (1620-74): The founding father of human demography, epidemiology and vital statistics.” Journal of medical biography 32,1 (2024): 57-69. doi:10.1177/09677720221079826 Eschner, Kat. “People Have Been Using Big Data Since the 1600s.” Smithsonian. April 24, 2017. https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/people-have-been-using-big-data-1600s-180962949/ Glass, D.V., et al. “John Graunt and His Natural and Political Observations [and Discussion].” Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological Sciences, Vol. 159, No. 974, A Discussion on Demography (Dec. 10, 1963), pp. 2-37 Published by: The Royal Society Stable URL: https://www.jstor.org/stable/90480 Graunt, John. “Natural and political observations mentioned in a following index, and made upon the Bills of mortality.” Oxford : Printed by William Hall, for John Martyn, and James Allestry, printers to the Royal Society MDCLXV [1665]. http://resource.nlm.nih.gov/2356017R KARGON, ROBERT. “John Graunt, Francis Bacon, and the Royal Society: The Reception of Statistics.” Journal of the History of Medicine and Allied Sciences, vol. 18, no. 4, 1963, pp. 337–48. JSTOR, http://www.jstor.org/stable/24621352 Kelsey, Holly. “Sovereign and the Sick City in 1603.” Shakespeare Birthplace Trust. Aug. 23, 2016. https://www.shakespeare.org.uk/explore-shakespeare/blogs/sovereign-and-sick-city-1603/ Lewin, C. G. "Graunt, John (1620–1674), statistician." Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. August 08, 2024. Oxford University Press. https://www.oxforddnb.com/view/10.1093/ref:odnb/9780198614128.001.0001/odnb-9780198614128-e-11306 Pepys, Samuel. “The Diary of Samuel Pepys.” GEORGE BELL & SONS. London. 1893. Accessed online: https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/4200/pg4200.txt Smith, R.M. (2008). “Graunt, John (1620–1674).” The New Palgrave Dictionary of Economics. Palgrave Macmillan, London. https://doi.org/10.1057/978-1-349-95121-5_758-2 See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

I greet you in Jesus' precious name! It is Sunday morning, the 26th of April, 2026, and this is your friend, Angus Buchan, with a thought for today. We go to the fifth book of Moses, Deuteronomy 1:6: “The Lord our God spoke to us in Horeb, saying: ‘You have dwelt long enough at this mountain.“Then of course, we go to Isaiah 40:31: ”But those who wait on the Lord shall renew their strength; they shall mount up with wings like eagles, they shall run and not be weary, they shall walk and not faint.” You and I have dwelt long enough at this mountain. It is time to move forward now. We are praying for courage. Yes, Lord Jesus, we need more courage, more strength, more fortitude. I looked up the Oxford Dictionary to find out the literal meaning of the word “fortitude”. It means bravery, endurance, resilience, mettle, strength of character, backbone, grit or just plain guts! Folks, we've dwelt at this mountain long enough. It is time to move forward now. Most of all, we need godly wisdom. It's time to fly out of that comfortable nest and to move forward for the Lord.I always think of the example of the mother eagle. When the chicks get old enough, mother says, “It is time to move forward, you've been in this nest long enough”, and slowly but surely she starts to throw all the comfortable little bits that she's put in there for the chicks and it becomes very bare. Then she starts pulling out the sticks, and there's nothing left but a rocky ledge, and then she literally edges her babies off the edge of the cliff. They have to fly and she watches them, and if they don't quite get it the first time, she catches them on her wings, takes them to the top and does it again, until they fly.The Lord says to you and me today, we have dwelt long enough at this mountain. It is now time to move forward. Jesus give you lots of grit and courage and guts as you take your next step forward.God bless you and have a wonderful day. Goodbye.

I greet you in Jesus' precious name! It is Tuesday morning, the 21st of April, 2026, and this is your friend, Angus Buchan, with a thought for today. We go to Jeremiah 1:5 (Amplified Version): “Before I formed you in the womb I knew you [and approved of you as My chosen instrument], And before you were born I consecrated you [to Myself as My own]; I have appointed you as a prophet to the nations.” Yes, we are talking about a calling. Then we go straight to the Book of Acts 13:2: “Set apart for Me Barnabas and Saul (Paul) for the work to which I have called them.” Being set apart for a particular work by the Holy Spirit. I want to make something very clear this morning, my dear friend. A calling is not a good idea, a calling comes from God Himself. It is an important work. I looked up the Oxford Dictionary to find out the meaning of the word “commission”. It is an instruction. It is not something you have decided you will do because things are not working out for you in your employment or in the country you are staying in, or maybe even in your marriage. No, you have to work through things. A calling is specifically from God for a purpose, and by the way, it doesn't always go easy, so don't think “I will just go and serve the Lord and that will be much easier than doing the job as a representative in some company or working in some construction work or mining. Whatever God has put you to, don't try and run away from it. A calling comes from God. Now, I want to tell you a beautiful little story that I heard from my producer just the other day. He and his wife and family went up to Lesotho to do an outreach, and while they were sitting there quietly, a young man told this story. He said he was working in South Africa, and one day he turned on the TV and there was Angus Buchan talking about serving the Lord. He was not serving the Lord at the time. He said it was the first time he saw a preacher crying on the television. I was probably quite overwhelmed - that happens quite often, especially these days - and told the story about how God had changed his life and called him, and he got on his knees in front of the television and accepted Jesus Christ as his Lord and Saviour. He then left his secular work, went back to Lesotho and started ministering to the shepherds. And of course, my producer and his family were sitting there and they were absolutely shocked because he was telling them clearly, how he was called for a particular work by the Holy Spirit, and now he was a fully fledged pastor and ministering to other people.Today, make sure the calling comes from God. Jesus bless you and have a wonderful day.Goodbye.

I greet you in Jesus' precious name! It is Saturday morning, the 11th of April, 2026, and this is your friend, Angus Buchan, with a thought for today. We start in the Book of Numbers 30:2: “If a man makes a vow to the Lord, or swears an oath to bind himself by some agreement, he shall not break his word; he shall do according to all that proceeds out of his mouth.” Wow! That is quite a statement. Then we go to the Gospel of Luke 22:61-62: “Before the rooster crows, you will deny Me three times.” So Peter went out and wept bitterly.”A vow is a serious thing. According to the Oxford Dictionary, it is a solemn promise, a pledge, an oath, and a commitment. Now we know the sad story about Peter, the big fisherman who said to the Lord, “I will never deny You, Lord.” But he denied Him three times. Oh, my dear friend, we cannot break a promise that we make to God. It almost destroyed Peter completely. In fact, if the Lord Jesus Christ Himself had not told the disciples to tell Peter that “He will see him in Galilee” after the resurrection, there would have been no hope for him. I made a vow myself, to the Lord Jesus Christ, many years ago. I was going through an extreme drought on the farm. The maize crop was failing and I was facing absolute bankruptcy. I cried out to the Lord. I will never forget it. I said, “Lord, if You pull me through this drought, I make a vow that I will preach Your Gospel for the rest of my life.Well, He pulled me out of the drought. We had a miraculous crop, and now I am preaching the Gospel. Folks, keep your vow to the Lord. Don't break it. Jesus bless you and have a wonderful day,Goodbye.

Elizabeth Fulhame’s biography is largely a mystery, but in 1794 she wrote a book on chemistry that was way ahead of its time. Research: Steinmark, Ida Emilie. “Elizabeth Fulhame: The Scientist the World Forgot.” Royal Society of Chemistry. 10/10/2017. https://edu.rsc.org/opinion/elizabeth-fulhame-the-scientist-the-world-forgot/3008111.article Shah, Irfan. “Rivers of Silver, Cities of Gold.” History Today. Volume 69 Issue 11 November 2019. https://www.historytoday.com/archive/history-matters/rivers-silver-cities-gold Lewes, Darby. “Fulhame, Elizabeth.” The Encyclopedia of Romantic Literature. Wiley Online Library. 4/12/2012. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/9781118300916.wberlf007 Booth, Catherine. “Elizabeth Fulhame: Chemist.” Minerva Scientifica. https://minervascientifica.co.uk/elizabeth-fulhame/ Mills, Virginia. “Worthy of Public Attention.” Royal Society. 7/4/2025. https://royalsociety.org/blog/2025/07/worthy-of-public-attention/ Jarvis, Claire. “Elizabeth Fulhame, a forgotten chemistry pioneer.” Physics Today. 6/17/2020. https://physicstoday.aip.org/news/elizabeth-fulhame-a-forgotten-chemistry-pioneer Brazil, Rachel. “Elizabeth Fulhame, the 18th century chemistry pioneer who faded from history.” Chemistry World. 6/6/2022. https://www.chemistryworld.com/opinion/elizabeth-fulhame-the-18th-century-chemistry-pioneer-who-faded-from-history/4015638.article Smith, Thomas P. “A Sketch of the Revolutions in Chemistry.” Philadelphia : Printed by Samuel H. Smith. 1798. https://archive.org/details/b32885726/ Linker, Jessica C. “The Pride of Science: Women and the Politics of Inclusion in 19th-Century Pennsylvania.” Pennsylvania Legacies , Vol. 15, No. 1 (Spring 2015). Via JSTOR. https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.5215/pennlega.15.1.0006 Pancaldi, Giuliano. “On Hybrid Objects and their Trajectories: Beddoes, Davy and the Battery.” Notes and Records of the Royal Society of London, 20 September 2009, Vol. 63, No.3. Via JSTOR. https://www.jstor.org/stable/40647277 Davenport, Derek A. "Fulhame, Elizabeth [known as Mrs Fulhame] (fl. 1780–1794), chemist." Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. September 23, 2004. Oxford University Press. Date of access 11 Mar. 2026, https://www.oxforddnb.com/view/10.1093/ref:odnb/9780198614128.001.0001/odnb-9780198614128-e-39778 Palmer, Bill. “Elizabeth Fulhame: The Invisible Chemist.” Teaching Science. Volume 54, Number 4. December 2008. Laidler, Keith J. “The Development of Theories of Catalysis.” Archive for History of Exact Sciences, 1986, Vol. 35, No. 4 (1986). Via JSTOR. https://www.jstor.org/stable/41133790 Davenport, Derek A. and Kathleen M. Ireland. “The Ingenious, Lively and Celebrated Mrs. Fulhame and the Dyer’s Hand.” Bulletin for the History of Chemistry. 1989. The Gentleman's Magazine. Review of New Publications. “An Essay on Combustion …”. Vol. 65, Issue 6. June 1795. Beddoes, Thomas. “Mrs. Fulhame’s Essay on Combustion, &c.” The Monthly Review. Vol. 20. July 1796. https://archive.org/details/sim_the-monthly-review_1796-07_20/page/303/ Anderson, R. G. W. "Black, Joseph (1728–1799), chemist and physician." Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. October 03, 2013. Oxford University Press. Date of access 11 Mar. 2026, https://www.oxforddnb.com/view/10.1093/ref:odnb/9780198614128.001.0001/odnb-9780198614128-e-2495 Cameron, Anne. “THE ESTABLISHMENT OF CIVIL REGISTRATION IN SCOTLAND.” Historical journal (Cambridge, England) vol. 50,2 (2007): 377-395. doi:10.1017/S0018246X07006115 McCloughlin, Thomas J.J. “Lost and found: The Nooth apparatus.” Endeavour. Volume 45, Issues 1–2. 2021. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.endeavour.2021.100763. Lim, XiaoZhi. "The new breed of cutting-edge catalysts." Nature, vol. 537, no. 7619, 8 Sept. 2016. Gale Academic OneFile, dx.doi.org/10.1038/537156a. Accessed 9 Mar. 2026. Gale Document Number: GALE|A462784622 MacPherson, Hamish. "The mysterious case of Elizabeth Fulhame, a chemist and true pioneer of science." National [Glasgow, Scotland], 31 Jan. 2023. Gale OneFile: News, link.gale.com/apps/doc/A735208005/GPS?u=mlin_n_melpub&sid=bookmark-GPS&xid=896de822. Accessed 9 Mar. 2026. Benjamin Count of Rumford. “An Inquiry concerning the Chemical Properties That Have Been Attributed to Light.” Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. 1798. Wheeler, T.S. “The life and work of William Higgins, chemist, 1763-1825, including reprints of ‘A comparative view of the phlogistic and antiphlogistic theories’ and ‘Observations on the atomic theory and electrical phenomena’.” New York, Pergamon Press. 1960. See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Want to support the podcast? Join our Patreon or buy us a coffee. As an independent podcast, Shakespeare Anyone? is supported by listeners like you.  In this episode, we dig into one of the most dramatic scandals of Shakespeare's time: the rise and catastrophic fall of Robert Devereaux, the Earl of Essex. Court favorite, military hero, and ultimately, traitor, Essex had everything and managed to lose it spectacularly.  We break down who Essex was, his relationship with Elizabeth, and what finally led him to march on London with a small bnad of followers and an extremely bad plan. And of course, we're a Shakespeare podcast, so we touch on the wild connection between Essex's Rebellion and Shakespeare. Shakespeare Anyone? is created and produced by Kourtney Smith and Elyse Sharp. Music is "Neverending Minute" by Sounds Like Sander. For updates: Join our email list Follow us on Instagram at @shakespeareanyonepod Visit our website at shakespeareanyone.com Support the podcast: Become a patron at patreon.com/shakespeareanyone  Buy us a coffee Bookshop.org: Since 2020, Bookshop.org has raised more than $38 million for independent bookstores. Shop our Shakespeare Anyone? storefront to find books featured on the podcast, books by our guests, and other Shakespeare-related books and gifts. Every purchase on the site financially supports independent bookstores. Libro.fm: Libro.fm makes it possible to purchase audiobooks through your local bookshop of choice. Use our link for 2 free audiobooks when you sign up for a new Libro.fm membership using our link. Find additional links mentioned in the episode in our Linktree. Works referenced: Bate, Jonathan. Soul of the Age: The Life, Mind and World of William Shakespeare. Viking, 2008. pp. 256–286. BBC Bitesize. "The Rebellion of the Earl of Essex - Queen Elizabeth I and Government - OCR B - GCSE History Revision - OCR B - BBC Bitesize." BBC News, BBC, 6 Feb. 2025, www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/guides/z88fk7h/revision/3. Hammer, Paul E. J. (2004). "Devereux, Robert, second earl of Essex (1565–1601)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (Online ed.). Oxford University Press. Archived from the original on 14 July 2014. Retrieved 29 December 2020. Mr Keir History Teacher. " Essex Rebellion - Causes and Consequences #Education #AQA #ElizabethanEngland." YouTube, 2022, youtu.be/7VPKqvINtz8.  Shanette, Heather. "Essex Rebellion (1601)". Elizabeth R : The Life and Times of Queen Elizabeth I. Published 1998-2026. https://www.elizabethi.org/contents/rebellions/essex/  Teysko, Heather. "Episode 201: Robert Devereaux the Earl of Essex - Renaissance English History Podcast." Renaissance English History Podcast - The Original Tudor History Podcast, 22 Nov. 2024, www.englandcast.com/2024/11/episode-201-robert-devereaux-the-earl-of-essex/. 

To understand what is currently happening in the Middle East, particularly as concerns U.S., you need to understand three things: The cudgel of Political Zionism Luring ‘Christian Zionists’ (oxymoron) to do the fighting (dying) As limited hangout, drawing attention away from Ben Gurion Canal Project Israel, so-called as central Command Node The Beast / ten horns (Commercial Babylon) will destroy the great whore (Religious Babylon) When elephants fight, it is the grass that suffers[1] “Nothing personal, it’s just business.” – Otto Berman Links Headlines Maddow connects the dots as Trump boosts Russia while Putin helps Iran target Americans | Raw Story “I’m F–cking DONE”: The Internet Is Losing Its Absolute Mind Over Karoline Leavitt’s Draft Comments | Buzzfeed Lindsey Graham asks Americans to 'send their sons and daughters to the Middle East' to fight Iran | The Mirror Trump’s new DHS pick can’t stop embarrassing himself — and he hasn’t even started | Opinion | Raw Story Pete Hegseth Outright Quotes Scripture in Iran War Briefing | The New Republic Trump targeted by four FBI code-named counterintel probes that ensnared hundreds of Americans | Just The News Canadian police investigate reports of gunfire at US consulate in Toronto | AP News Trump's ‘free flow of energy' vow fails to restart shipping in strait of Hormuz | The Guardian Ed Martin, outspoken Justice Department lawyer, is formally accused of ethical violations | CNN White House Forced to Walk Back Trump’s Brazen Threat | The Daily Beast Discussed United States of LARPing On the dangers of cosplay – by Alex Berenson The Cudgel of Political Zionism Benjamin Netanyahu – Wikipedia Netanyahu’s government has been orchestrating the genocide in Gaza, culminating in the South Africa v. Israel case before the International Court of Justice in December 2023. The International Criminal Court (ICC) issued an arrest warrant in November 2024 for Netanyahu for alleged war crimes and crimes against humanity as part of the ICC investigation in Palestine. Netanyahu was born in 1949 in Tel Aviv. His mother, Tzila Segal, was born in Petah Tikva in the Mutasarrifate of Jerusalem—her family had migrated from Minneapolis in 1911, having relocated there from Lithuania in the 1870s—and studied law at Gray’s Inn, London. His father, Warsaw-born Benzion Netanyahu (né Mileikowsky), was a historian specializing in the Jewish Golden Age of Spain. His paternal grandfather, Nathan Mileikowsky, was a rabbi and Zionist writer. When Netanyahu’s father immigrated to Mandatory Palestine, he adopted a Hebrew surname of “Netanyahu”, meaning “God has given.” While his family is predominantly Ashkenazi, he has said that a DNA test revealed some Sephardic ancestry. He claims descent from the Vilna Gaon. At MIT, Netanyahu studied a double-load while taking courses at Harvard University, completing his bachelor’s degree in architecture in two and a half years, despite taking a break to fight in the Yom Kippur War. Professor Leon B. Groisser at MIT recalled: “He did superbly. He was very bright. Organized. Strong. Powerful. He knew what he wanted to do and how to get it done.” At that time he changed his name to Benjamin “Ben” Nitai (Nitai, a reference to both Mount Nitai and to the eponymous Jewish sage Nittai of Arbela, was a pen name often used by his father for articles). Years later, in an interview with the media, Netanyahu clarified that he decided to do so to make it easier for Americans to pronounce his name. This fact has been used by his political rivals to accuse him indirectly of a lack of Israeli national identity and loyalty. Netanyahu worked as an economic consultant for the Boston Consulting Group… Revisionist Zionism – Wikipedia Lebensraum – Wikipedia Greater Israel – Wikipedia Pastor Adam Fannin, Law of Liberty Baptist Church: Who is the Synagogue of Satan? – YouTube Mentioned Genesis 9 (KJV) – God shall enlarge Japheth, and Genesis 10 (KJV) – And the sons of Gomer; Japheth – Wikipedia Linked END TIMES Prophecy – YouTube Romans 11 Israel was Cast Away, Not God’s People – YouTube Who is the Israel of God? – Pastor Tim DeVries – YouTube American civil religion – Wikipedia Ceremonial deism – Wikipedia The Apotheosis of Washington – Wikipedia Biblical Religion and Civil Religion in America by Robert N. Bellah Thom Hartmann, Jared Kushner has some explaining to do – Alternet.org Israel as Central Command Node You Can't Understand Israel Until You See This || Prof Jiang Xueqin #profjiangstyle – YouTube Ben Gurion Canal Project The Blogs: The Ben Gurion Canal: Vision Amidst Upheaval | Bepi Pezzulli | The Times of Israel What is Israel’s Ben Gurion canal plan and why Gaza matters Gaza's genocide, the Ben-Gurion canal, and the politics of reconstruction – erasure by design – Middle East Monitor Ben Gurion Canal will Reshape Regional Power Dynamics Israel's $55 Billion Canal to Rival Suez | A Project That Could Change Global Trade – YouTube How is the Proposed Ben Gurion Canal Tied to Israel’s Gaza Invasion? – CounterPunch.org At the September 2023 G20 meeting shortly before the Hamas attack, the India-Middle East Corridor was announced. It would create a transportation link from India to Europe across the Arabian Peninsula via Dubai in the UAE to the Israeli port of Haifa. In December 2023, even after Israel launched its invasion of Gaza, UAE and Israeli interests made a deal to create a land bridge between Dubai and Haifa. The Geopolitics of the India-Middle East-Europe Economic Corridor US, India, Saudi, EU unveil rail, ports deal on G20 sidelines | Reuters ‘Israel’,UAE to establish land bridge between ports: Israeli media | Al Mayadeen English The £77 Billion Canal To Rival Suez Canal And Connect The Red And Mediterranean Seas – 2oceansvibe News | South African and international news Mystery Babylon: Commercial Babylon Destroys Religious Babylon Revelation 17 (KJV) – And there came one of Revelation 18 (KJV) – And after these things I WWIII WW3 – Albert Pike and the Three World Wars The Third World War must be fomented by taking advantage of the differences caused by the ‘agentur’ of the ‘Illuminati’ between the political Zionists and the leaders of Islamic World. The war must be conducted in such a way that Islam (the Moslem Arabic World) and political Zionism (the State of Israel) mutually destroy each other. Meanwhile the other nations, once more divided on this issue will be constrained to fight to the point of complete physical, moral, spiritual and economical exhaustion… We shall unleash the Nihilists and the atheists, and we shall provoke a formidable social cataclysm which in all its horror will show clearly to the nations the effect of absolute atheism, origin of savagery and of the most bloody turmoil. Then everywhere, the citizens, obliged to defend themselves against the world minority of revolutionaries, will exterminate those destroyers of civilization, and the multitude, disillusioned with Christianity, whose deistic spirits will from that moment be without compass or direction, anxious for an ideal, but without knowing where to render its adoration, will receive the true light through the universal manifestation of the pure doctrine of Lucifer, brought finally out in the public view. This manifestation will result from the general reactionary movement which will follow the destruction of Christianity and atheism, both conquered and exterminated at the same time. Col Doug Macgregor: We’re in a Run Up to WW3 – YouTube Iran’s Missiles DEVASTATE Haifa Port & Tel Aviv, Trump Eyes Ground War | Elijah Magnier – YouTube John Mearsheimer: No Winning in Iran for the U.S. – YouTube Jeffrey Sachs Warns US Militarism Risks Wider War Over Iran – YouTube Industrial Complex Apex The Anglo-American Establishment Quigley exposes the secret society’s established in London in 1891, by Cecil Rhodes. Quigley explains how these men worked in union to begin their society to control the world. He explains how all the wars from that time were deliberately created to control the economies of all the nations. Audience Contributed Who Will Replace the American Empire? Simon Dixon vs Professor Jiang (Official Re-upload) – YouTube On This Day On This Day – What Happened on March 10 Today in History: March 10, the Tibetan uprising of 1959 | AP News What Happened on March 10 – On This Day What Happened on March 10 | HISTORY March 10 – Wikipedia Holidays Harriet Tubman Day in some parts of the United States Historical Events 2023 – Silicon Valley Bank (SVB) collapses due to a run on its deposits, in the second largest bank failure in US history. Its operations are taken over by the FDIC. 2008 – The New York Times revealed that Eliot Spitzer, Governor of New York, had patronized a prostitution ring. 2000 – Dot-Bomb: NASDAQ Composite stock market index peaks at 5,048.62 (or was it 5,132.52?): The dotcom boom, which started in 1997, accompanied the advent of countless new Internet-based companies. When the speculative bubble burst, many small investors were affected. 1982 – Syzygy: All nine planets recognized at this time — Mercury to Pluto — align on the same side of the Sun. 1979 – 1979 International Women’s Day protests in Tehran: Protestor involvement peaks with 15,000 Iranian women and girls performing a three‐hour-long sit‐in at the Courthouse of Tehran. 1977 – Astronomers discover the rings of Uranus. 1975 – Vietnam War: Ho Chi Minh Campaign: North Vietnamese troops attack Ban Mê Thuột in the South on their way to capturing Saigon in the final push for victory over South Vietnam. 1970 – Vietnam War: My Lai war crimes: The U.S. Army accuses Capt. Ernest Medina and four other soldiers of committing crimes at My Lai (also known as Songmy) 1969 – James Earl Ray pleaded guilty – on his 41st birthday! – in Memphis, Tennessee, to assassinating civil rights leader Martin Luther King Jr. (Ray later repudiated that plea, maintaining his innocence until his death.) 1959 – Tibetan uprising: thousands of Tibetans rebelled against occupying Chinese forces, surrounding the Dalai Lama's palace to protect him from potential harm. Fierce fighting between Tibetans and Chinese forces ensued in the following days, causing the Dalai Lama to flee Tibet for India, where he remains in exile today. 1945 – WWII: Deadliest air raid of World War II sets Tokyo on fire after nighttime B-29 bombings; more than 100,000 people die, mostly civilians 1933 – The Long Beach earthquake affects the Greater Los Angeles Area, leaving around 108 people dead. 1922 – Mohandas Gandhi is arrested in India, tried for sedition, and sentenced to six years in prison, only to be released after nearly two years for an appendicitis operation. 1876 – The first telephone call is made: Alexander Graham Bell transmitted the words “Mr. Watson, come here – I want to see you” to his assistant, Thomas A. Watson, who was in the next-door room. 1864 – President Lincoln signs Ulysses S. Grant's commission to command the U.S. Army: President Abraham Lincoln assigned Ulysses S. Grant, who had just received his commission as lieutenant-general, to the command of the Armies of the United States. 1848 – The Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo is ratified by the United States Senate, ending the Mexican–American War. 1496 – Christopher Columbus concluded his second visit to the Western Hemisphere as he left Hispaniola for Spain. Births 1994 – Benito Antonio Martínez Ocasio aka Bad Bunny, Puerto Rican rapper, songwriter, producer, actor, and wrestler 1992 – Emily Osment, American actress and singer-songwriter 1984 – Olivia Wilde, American actress and director 1983 – Carrie Underwood, American singer-songwriter 1971 – Jon Hamm, American actor and director 1958 – Sharon Stone, American actress, producer 1957 – Osama bin Laden, Saudi Arabian terrorist, founded al-Qaeda 1940 – Chuck Norris, American actor, martial artist 1928 – James Earl Ray, accused assassin of Martin Luther King Jr. (died 1998) Deaths 2018 – Hubert de Givenchy, French fashion designer, founded luxury fashion and perfume house of Givenchy in 1952 2012 – Jean Giraud, French author, illustrator 1988 – Andy Gibb, English/Australian singer 1948 – Zelda Fitzgerald, American author 1913 – Harriet Tubman, American nurse, activist, abolitionist, Underground Railroad “conductor” Footnotes The Oxford Dictionary of Proverbs. The Oxford Dictionary of Proverbs. 2008. Edited by John Simpson and Jennifer Speake, 5th ed., Oxford University Press, 2009, www.oxfordreference.com/display/10.1093/acref/9780199539536.001.0001/acref-9780199539536-e-650. Accessed 10 Mar. 2026. African proverb, meaning that the weak get hurt in conflicts between the powerful. 1936 New York Times 26 Mar. ︎

I greet you in Jesus' precious name! It is Sunday morning, the 8th of March, 2026, and this is your friend, Angus Buchan, with a thought for today. We start in Psalm 34:19: “Many are the afflictions of the righteous, But the Lord delivers him from them all.” Then we go to Romans 5:3-4. Paul says: “And not only that, but we also glory in tribulations, knowing that tribulation produces perseverance; and perseverance, character; and character, hope.” I looked up the Oxford Dictionary to find out the literal meaning of the word “persecution” It said, “subject to prolonged hostility and ill treatment.” How many people are being persecuted today in the world? Probably more than ever before. We are hearing about atrocities taking place in India, where Christian churches are being burnt down, and Christians are being martyred for their faith. We hear about the church in China, also severely persecuted, never mind the Middle East - what about Syria? The Lord is with us even though the persecution is increasing.But what I want to talk to you about today is not the persecution in the churches around the world. I am talking about at home, oh yes, in your very own home. Mom, dad, stop hassling your children because they want to go to church. Please don't do that. I want to say to dad, don't worry if you are getting persecuted at work because of your stand for Jesus Christ. The Lord says that He will deliver you from them all. I want to say to that young student, that young girl who is standing tall for the Lord, “Uncle Angus, it is like I am all on my own.” No, you're not all on your own. Remember the prophet said that and the Lord said, “There are another 7,000 prophets in the next valley.” But stand tall, do not compromise your faith for anybody or anything. Even that relationship that you are in, young man. Control yourself until the day of your wedding, otherwise you will get yourself into a terrible position and you will be persecuted for your actions. We really need to rejoice when we are hard-pressed, because that means we are doing something right. People don't like what you are doing because they don't like the stand you are making for Christ. So if you don't drink alcohol, that is fine, but don't compromise for the sake of being popular. Today, stand tall because He will deliver you from all of those persecutors. Jesus bless you and goodbye.

The Oxford Dictionary defines habit as:  A settled or regular tendency or practice, especially one […]

The Oxford Dictionary defines habit as:  A settled or regular tendency or practice, especially one […]

This week we dive into the Oxford Dictionary's 2025 word of the year “Rage Bait”. What were your Rage Bait moments thus far? We talk about Macy's thanksgiving parade fails, dancing through poop, Madame Morrible is, well, Horrible and we get hot and sweaty with the newest smut watch tv show “Heated Rivalry” on Crave and HBO MAX. Make sure to rate and review and leave a comment. Also, get those [cozyearth.com] orders in by 12/15 to make sure they're delivered by Christmas and use that promo code: CE-JUSTINM FOR 40% off your final orders. More Justin! IG: https://www.instagram.com/justinmartindale/ ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ Produced by Keida Mascaro IG: https://www.instagram.com/keidamascaro/ The Cave Podcast Studio ⁠⁠⁠ https://keidamascaro.com/the-cave⁠⁠⁠ Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

On today's Bible Answer Man broadcast (02/13/26), Hank discusses the origins of Valentine's Day, looking at the Orthodox Church's veneration of Saint Valentine, the Presbyter from Rome, for his martyrdom, and, as for all its saints, honors St. Valentine as a model of life in Christ. According to The Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church, the traditional association of St. Valentine's Day with courtship is likely connected with certain customs of the pagan festival Lupercalia. If so, this would be another example of Christians usurping a pagan holiday and Christianizing it for the glory of Christ.Hank also answers the following questions:Why didn't God actualize the angels in righteousness before they fell? Crystal - Kansas City, KS (15:39)Since Paul in 1 Corinthians 1:10 says there should not be divisions amongst believers, what does this say about all the different denominations within the body of Christ today? Jessie - IA (17:09)Could you explain the story of the fish with a coin in its mouth in Matthew 17:24-27? Gus - Oklahoma City, OK (20:06)Would the command to obey the government in Romans chapter 13 apply to Sharia law? Cameron - OK (21:51)

The Oxford Dictionary defines habit as: A settled or regular tendency or practice, especially one […]

From the Oxford Dictionary's Word of the Year (“rage bait”) to Super Bowl halftime controversy, from Ten Commandments legislation to immigration theology, from Christian influencers to monetized faith — this episode wrestles with what it means to follow Jesus in a world driven by outrage, clicks, and cultural division.Along the way, we explore: Why “rage bait” may define our digital ageWhether Bad Bunny is “un-American” (and what that even means)The performative spirituality behind posting the Ten Commandments in schoolsA theological showdown between Speaker Mike Johnson and Rev. Dr. William Barber IIIThe tension Christian influencers face when monetization collides with compassionPaul's call to kenosis — self-emptying — in a culture obsessed with self-securingAt its heart, this conversation asks: Are we pursuing faithfulness… or just managing anxiety? Are we building the Kingdom… or protecting our own?It's thoughtful. It's honest. It's occasionally sarcastic.

Season 38 examines one of Victorian England's most infamous murderers: William Palmer, the Rugeley Poisoner. This four-part series traces his crimes from gambling addiction to serial murder—and the groundbreaking forensic investigation that brought him to justice.The Fatal WagerNovember 1855. A man lies dying in Room 10 of the Talbot Arms inn. His back arches off the mattress. His jaw locks. Every muscle seizes at once.John Parsons Cook had won big at the Shrewsbury races just days earlier. His horse Polestar crossed the finish line first, putting nearly a thousand pounds in his pocket. He should have been celebrating.Instead, he's being murdered—slowly, methodically—by his own friend and physician.Dr. William Palmer stands beside the bed, taking Cook's pulse. He doesn't call for help. He waits.The VictimJohn Parsons Cook was twenty-eight years old in 1855. Born into comfortable circumstances, he inherited enough money from his father to live without working. He trained for the law but never practiced—the racing circuit called to him instead.Cook followed the horse racing meets across England: Shrewsbury, Wolverhampton, Chester. He owned horses. He wagered heavily. He lived for the thundering hooves and the roaring crowds.But Cook suffered from chronic poor health. Stomach troubles plagued him. This made him dependent on physicians—a dependency that would prove fatal when his racing companion William Palmer decided he needed to die.The CrimeWilliam Palmer was a surgeon, a family man, and a serial killer.By November 1855, Palmer owed more than twenty thousand pounds to moneylenders. His gambling addiction had consumed him. He had already murdered for money—his wife Anne (insurance payout: thirteen thousand pounds), his brother Walter (insurance claim pending), possibly his mother-in-law, and at least four of his own infant children.When Cook won at Shrewsbury, Palmer saw an opportunity. The two men traveled together back to Palmer's hometown of Rugeley. Cook took his usual room at the Talbot Arms—directly across the street from Palmer's house.Palmer began visiting Cook immediately, administering "treatments" for his illness. Each time Cook improved, another dose sent him back to agony.Cook suspected. He told friends: "I believe that damn Palmer has been dosing me." But suspicion wasn't proof, and Palmer was a doctor. Doctors could be trusted.The InvestigationWhat followed Cook's death would transform British forensic science and create new legal precedent.Dr. Alfred Swaine Taylor, England's foremost toxicologist, examined Cook's remains. He found no strychnine in the body—the poison metabolized too quickly. But the symptoms were unmistakable: tetanic convulsions, locked jaw, arched back.Taylor's testimony established a critical principle: absence of poison does not equal absence of poisoning. Clinical symptoms and circumstantial evidence could establish murder even when the weapon couldn't be found.Palmer's trial became so notorious that Parliament passed special legislation—the Central Criminal Court Act 1856, forever known as "Palmer's Act"—to move the case from Staffordshire to London's Old Bailey.Thirty-two medical experts testified. The jury deliberated eighty-two minutes.Verdict: Guilty.Historical ContextThe Palmer case exposed the vulnerability of Victorian society to medical murderers. Physicians held almost unquestioned authority. Patients trusted them with their lives—literally.Palmer exploited this trust systematically. His medical knowledge allowed him to choose poisons that were difficult to detect, calculate doses that would kill without immediate suspicion, and explain away symptoms as natural illness.The case accelerated the development of forensic toxicology across Europe. Scientists raced to develop more sensitive tests for alkaloid poisons like strychnine.Sources consulted: Old Bailey Online trial transcripts (May 1856); The Times contemporary coverage; British Newspaper Archive; Oxford Dictionary of National Biography; forensic toxicology historical analysis.ResourcesPrimary Sources:Old Bailey Online: Trial of William Palmer (May 1856) — oldbaileyonline.orgBritish Newspaper Archive coverage of Rugeley poisoner caseFurther Reading:Katherine Watson, "Poisoned Lives: English Poisoners and Their Victims" (2004)Robert Graves, "They Hanged My Saintly Billy" (1957) — literary treatmentCrisis Resources:For concerns about elder financial abuse or medical exploitation: Adult Protective ServicesSupport the ShowIf Foul Play brings you into history's darkest corners, consider leaving a review on Apple Podcasts or Spotify. Reviews help new listeners discover the show—and every share helps us continue telling these stories.Our Sponsors:* Check out BetterHelp: https://www.betterhelp.comSupport this podcast at — https://redcircle.com/foul-play-crime-series/donationsAdvertising Inquiries: https://redcircle.com/brandsPrivacy & Opt-Out: https://redcircle.com/privacy

"Fumifugium" was a treatise on air pollution written in 1661. In addition to warning about the dangers of coal smoke, John Evelyn wrote this work to improve the reputation of King Charles II. Research: Chambers, Douglas D. C. "Evelyn, John (1620–1706), diarist and writer." Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. January 03, 2008. Oxford University Press. Date of access 13 Jan. 2026, https://www.oxforddnb.com/view/10.1093/ref:odnb/9780198614128.001.0001/odnb-9780198614128-e-8996 "Evelyn, John (1620-1706)." Encyclopedia of World Biography, Gale, 1998. Gale Academic OneFile, link.gale.com/apps/doc/A148426050/GPS?u=mlin_n_melpub&sid=bookmark-GPS&xid=ab356add. Accessed 13 Jan. 2026. Borunda, Alejandra. “The EPA is changing how it considers the costs and benefits of air pollution rules.” NPR. 1/13/2026. https://www.npr.org/2026/01/13/nx-s1-5675307/epa-air-regulations-health-benefits DeWispelare, Daniel. “’Heavy Fumes of Charcoal Creep into the Brain.’” The 18th-century Common. 5/14/2018. https://www.18thcenturycommon.org/evelyn/ Hovde, Sarah. “A solution for pollution?” Folger Shakespeare Library. 4/21/2017. https://www.folger.edu/blogs/shakespeare-and-beyond/air-pollution-london-fumifugium/ London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine. “Pamphlet Collection: Fumifugium, by John Evelyn.” Library, Archive & Open Research Services Blog. 7/11/2022. https://blogs.lshtm.ac.uk/library/2022/11/07/pamphlet-collection-fumifugium-by-john-evelyn/ Jenner, Mark. (1995) The politics of London air : John Evelyn's 'Fumifugium' and the Restoration. The Historical Journal. pp. 535-551. ISSN: 1469-5103. https://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/id/eprint/1550/1/jennerm1.pdf Heidorn, K.C. “A Chronology of Important Events in the History of Air Pollution Meteorology to 1970.” Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, December 1978, Vol. 59, No. 12 (December 1978). Via JSTOR. https://www.jstor.org/stable/26219252 Foster, John Bellamy. “Introduction to John Evelyn’s ‘Fumifugium.’” Organization & Environment, June 1999, Vol. 12, No. 2 (June 1999). https://www.jstor.org/stable/26161864 Brimblecombe, Peter. “Interest in Air Pollution among Early Fellows of the Royal Society.” Notes and Records of the Royal Society of London, Mar., 1978, Vol. 32, No. 2 (Mar., 1978). Via JSTOR. https://www.jstor.org/stable/531723 Cavert, William M. “The Environmental Policy of Charles I: Coal Smoke and the English Monarchy, 1624–40.” Journal of British Studies, APRIL 2014, Vol. 53, No. 2 (APRIL 2014). Via JSTOR. https://www.jstor.org/stable/24701865 Darley, Gillian. “John Evelyn: Britain's First Environmentalist.” Gresham College. 11/12/2020. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pOik751LhHk Surrey Heritage. “John Evelyn (1620 – 1706).” https://www.exploringsurreyspast.org.uk/themes/people/writers/john_evelyn/ Evelyn, John. “Fumifugium.” 1661. https://archive.org/details/fumifugium00eveluoft/ See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Have you ever gone fishing in Japan? Let us know - AbroadInJapanPodcast@gmail.com for your messages. Also, let us know what you want to hear from the Abroad In Japan Podcast! Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

One of the most damaging things to an organization is a leader who is a hypocrite. The Oxford Dictionary defines hypocrisy as the practice of claiming to have moral standards or beliefs to which one's own behavior does not conform; pretense.

I greet you in Jesus' precious name! It is Saturday morning, the 10th of January, 2026, and this is your friend, Angus Buchan, with a thought for today. We go to the New Testament, to 1 Timothy 1:15-16: “This is a faithful saying and worthy of all acceptance, that Christ Jesus came into the world to save sinners, of whom I am chief.“ And then he goes on in verse 16 to say: ”…for this reason I obtained mercy,…” Saul of Tarsus was the chief of all sinners. Remember, his objective was to kill Christians. He was an enemy of Jesus Christ and Jesus' people, but God had mercy on him on the road to Damascus. Remember? He knocked him off his horse and said to him, “Saul, Saul, why are you persecuting me?” “Who are You, Lord?” “I am Jesus”. Paul himself says, “I am the chief of all sinners.” We need to understand one thing. None of us can earn our way to Heaven, none of us can try and live good lives. We are sinners saved by grace and grace alone. We have to understand that it is by mercy and mercy alone that we have eternal life. Now, I looked up the Oxford Dictionary to define the word, “mercy” and this is what it says. It says, “it is kindness, or forgiveness shown towards someone who is in your power.” Now, when you are given mercy, it's at the expense of someone else. They decide to forgive you and to give you another chance, and to be lenient with you, and not to prosecute you, but to act in charity and sympathy and kindness and tolerance. Now we have to do the same. You know the story of John Newton. I have told you many times. John Newton was a captain of a slave ship. I cannot think of a worse occupation in the world and yet he was forgiven and shown mercy by God, and he wrote that beautiful hymn called Amazing Grace. Now his favourite quote was, and I am going to read it to you. He says: “I am not what I ought to be, I am not what I want to be, I am not what I hope to be in another world; but still I am not what I once used to be, and by the grace of God, I am what I am. Although my memory is fading,” he says, “I remember two things: First, I am a great sinner, and secondly, Christ is a great Saviour”. Now, He saved you and me through mercy alone. Go and show mercy to others!Jesus bless you and have a wonderful day.Goodbye

And the Oxford Dictionary Word of the Year is …

In episode 319 of The Just Checking In Podcast we checked in with Caroline Roodhouse. Caroline is an Internal Communications professional, mother, mental health advocate and Founder of Daddy Blackbird Communications. Caroline was brought into the world of mental health advocacy when her husband Steve and the father of her two children, tragically took his own life on Monday 12 November 2018. Steve had no history of prior mental illness and the suicide and the violent method of it turned Caroline and her children's world upside down. Broken by grief, Caroline started the journey of putting her life back together, navigate her journey of suicide loss and become a single mother to her two daughters. She also began her education on suicide and suicidality, which culminated in the publication of her incredible book ‘Daddy Blackbird: The True Story of A Family Surviving and Thriving After Loss by Suicide' in 2024. In this episode we talk about the story of how she and Steve met, how they fell in love, and starting a family together. We talk about the man Steve was, the factors which may have led to his suicide and the day he took his own life. We explore how this suicide grief affected her mental health, all of the emotions she felt towards Steve, including some natural but stigmatised ones and how she moved forward following his death. With her two children, Caroline talks about the ‘strength of a triangle' in representing their family unit now. We then discuss how she took this grief and channelled it into starting Daddy Blackbird Communications, writing the book and the advocacy work she does now. We finish by discussing the work she is doing to remove outdated language like ‘committed suicide' from the Oxford Dictionary and her work with the charity Survivors of Bereavement by Suicide (SOBS). As always, #itsokaytovent You can purchase a copy of Daddy Blackbird here: https://shorturl.at/jC0y7 You can follow Caroline on social media below: LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/caroline-roodhouse-mcipr-a5948622/ Support Us: Patreon: www.patreon.com/venthelpuk PayPal: paypal.me/freddiec1994?country.x=GB&locale.x=en_GB Merchandise: www.redbubble.com/people/VentUK/shop Music: @patawawa - Strange: www.youtube.com/watch?v=d70wfeJSEvk

I greet you in Jesus' precious name! It is Friday morning, the 2nd of January, 2026, and this is your friend, Angus Buchan, with a thought for today. We start in the Book of Leviticus 19:18: “You shall not take vengeance, nor bear any grudge against the children of your people, but you shall love your neighbour as yourself: I am the Lord.” When the Lord says, “I am the Lord”, it is a serious commandment. Then we go straight to the Book of Mark 12:31: ”And the second, like it, is this: ‘You shall love your neighbour as yourself.' There is no other commandment greater than these.”The second greatest commandment in the Bible, after loving God, is to love your neighbour, to love him as you love yourself. That is quite a commandment. If you look in the Book of Leviticus, it talks about having no grudge against your neighbour. I looked up the Oxford Dictionary to find out the literal meaning of the word, “grudge” and grudge means, “persistent feeling of ill-will or resentment, resulting from a past injury or insult.” Now, as we go into a brand spanking new year, let us let go of any issue that we have with our neighbour, because it is baggage, it is heavy and it just weighs us down. Just let it go. “Ja, but Angus, I can't. You know my father and mother have preferred my brother or my sister more than me.” Well, that is what you think, but you don't really know, do you? Maybe what you didn't understand was, you had tremendous giftings and your brother or your sister didn't have that, so mom and dad tried to compensate to help your brother or your sister. They love you just the same. Remember the prodigal son when he came back and he had wasted all his money. His father was so happy to see him come back, remember? But the older brother was very upset. He said, “You didn't even give us a little goat that we could sacrifice, and you killed the fattest calf for my brother, who has been out, wasting his life. Remember what the father said, “Aah but, I have got you and all my inheritance is yours! I am just trying to help your brother.”Today, let it go and let us start to live a brand-new year without any resentment or ill-feeling towards anyone else for any past issue. Leave it at the foot of the Cross and press on.Jesus bless you and have a wonderful day,Goodbye.

In 1853, a high-profile London dinner party was held inside a life-sized mold of an iguanodon. Research: Cain, Joe. “New Year’s Eve Dinner in the Iguanodon at Crystal Palace 31 December 1853.” https://profjoecain.net/dinner-iguanodon-crystal-palace-dinosaurs/ Cain, Joe. “Top Questions About New Year’s Eve Dinner in Iguanodon at Crystal Palace.” https://profjoecain.net/top-questions-about-new-years-eve-dinner-iguanodon-crystal-palace-mould-sculpture/ Carlson, Laura. “Episode 5: A Victorian Dinosaur Dinner.” The Feast. https://www.thefeastpodcast.org/episode-5-a-victorian-dinosaur-dinner Friends of the Crystal Palace Dinosaurs. “Dinner in the Iguanodon.” 7/21/2013. https://cpdinosaurs.org/blog/post/dinner-in-the-iguanodon Friends of the Crystal Palace Dinosaurs. “How were the Crystal Palace Dinosaurs made?” 5/13/2016. https://cpdinosaurs.org/blog/post/how-were-the-crystal-palace-dinosaurs-made Routledge & Co., publishers. “Routledge's guide to the Crystal Palace and park at Sydenham.” Crystal Palace. 1854. https://archive.org/details/routledgesguidet00grou/ Geological Society of London Blog. “The First Dinosaurs’ Dinner.” 4/15/2021. https://blog.geolsoc.org.uk/2021/04/15/the-first-dinosaurs-dinner/ Hawkins, B. Waterhouse. “On Visual Education, As Applied to Geology.” Journal of the Society of Arts. Vol. II No. 78. 5/19/1854. Illustrated London News. “The Crystal Palace, at Sydenham.” 1/7/1854. https://archive.org/details/sim_illustrated-london-news_1854-01-07_24_662/page/21/mode/1up McCarthy, Steve. “The Crystal Palace Dinosaurs: The Story of the World’s First Prehistoric Sculptures.” The Crystal Palace Foundation. 1994. McCarthy, Steve. "Hawkins, Benjamin Waterhouse (1807–1894), natural history artist and sculptor." Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. October 08, 2009. Oxford University Press. Date of access 5 Dec. 2025, https://www-oxforddnb-com.proxy.bostonathenaeum.org/view/10.1093/ref:odnb/9780198614128.001.0001/odnb-9780198614128-e-54370 Osterloff, Emily. “The world's first dinosaur park: what the Victorians got right and wrong.” Natural History Museum. https://www.nhm.ac.uk/discover/crystal-palace-dinosaurs.html Owen, Richard. “Geology and inhabitants of the ancient world.” Crystal Palace Company. 1854. https://archive.org/details/geologyinhabitan00owen Peck, Robert McCracken. "The art of bones: British artist Benjamin Waterhouse Hawkins, who sparked dinosaur mania in the nineteenth century, still influences how natural history museums represent prehistoric life today." Natural History, vol. 117, no. 10, Dec. 2008, pp. 24+. Gale Academic OneFile, link.gale.com/apps/doc/A189832561/GPS?u=mlin_n_melpub&sid=bookmark-GPS&xid=f6c80589. Accessed 5 Dec. 2025. Phillips, Samuel. “Guide to the Crystal Palace and Park.” Crystal Palace Library. 1854. https://archive.org/details/guidetocrystalpa00phil_0 Rack, Yannic. “How a Victorian Dinosaur Park Became a Time Capsule of Early Paleontology.” Smithsonian. 8/29/2023. https://www.smithsonianmag.com/travel/how-a-victorian-dinosaur-park-became-a-time-capsule-of-early-paleontology-180982799/ The History Press. “The Victorian dinner inside a dinosaur.” https://thehistorypress.co.uk/article/the-victorian-dinner-inside-a-dinosaur/ Witton, Mark and Ellinor Michel. “Crystal Palace dinosaurs: how we rediscovered five missing sculptures from the famous park.” The Conversation. 5/20/2022. https://theconversation.com/crystal-palace-dinosaurs-how-we-rediscovered-five-missing-sculptures-from-the-famous-park-182573 See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

William Sandys was an antiquarian who published a collection of Christmas carols in the 19th century that turned out to be really influential. Research: Archambo, Shelley Batt. “The Development of the English Carol Through the Fifteenth Century.” The Choral Journal, OCTOBER 1986, Vol. 27, No. 3. Via JSTOR. https://www.jstor.org/stable/23547224REFERENCES Brain, Jessica. “History of Christmas Carols.” Historic UK. 12/13/2024. https://www.historic-uk.com/CultureUK/History-Christmas-Carols/ “Carol, N.” Oxford English Dictionary, Oxford UP, June 2025, https://doi.org/10.1093/OED/1684298837. Carter, Michael. “The origins of Christmas carols.” English Heritage. https://www.english-heritage.org.uk/visit/inspire-me/origins-of-christmas-carols/ Cartwright, Mark. "The History of Christmas Carols." World History Encyclopedia. World History Encyclopedia, 05 Dec 2023, https://www.worldhistory.org/article/2339/the-history-of-christmas-carols/. Web. 03 Dec 2025. Davey, Henry, and Elizabeth Baigent. "Sandys, William (1792–1874), writer on music and antiquary." Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. September 23, 2004. Oxford University Press. Date of access 3 Dec. 2025, https://www.oxforddnb.com/view/10.1093/ref:odnb/9780198614128.001.0001/odnb-9780198614128-e-24654 Ditchfield, Peter Hampson. “Old English customs extant at the present time; an account of local observances.” London, G. Redway. 1896. https://archive.org/details/studentshistoryo00gardrich Dreamer, Percy R. et al. “The Oxford Book Of Carols.” Oxford University Press. 1928. English Heritage. “A Brief History of Christmas Carols.” https://www.english-heritage.org.uk/members-area/members-magazine/podcast-extras/history-of-carols/ Sandys, William. “Christmas carols, ancient and modern; including the most popular in the west of England, and the airs to which they are sung. Also specimens of French provincial carols. With an introduction and notes.” London, R. Beckley. 1833. https://archive.org/details/christmascarolsa00sandrich/mode/1up Sandys, William. “Christmastide: Its History, Festivities and Carols.” London: John Russell Smith. 1860. https://archive.org/details/christmastideits00sandrich/ The Law Bod Blog. “Heading towards Christmas.” 12/2/2013. https://blogs.bodleian.ox.ac.uk/lawbod/2013/12/02/heading-towards-christmas/ Huxtable, Sally-Anne. “Wassailing: ritual and revelry.” National Trust. https://www.nationaltrust.org.uk/discover/history/art-collections/wassailing-ritual-and-revelry See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

In this week's conversation between Dr. James Emery White and co-host Alexis Drye, they reflect on all that the year 2025 brought our way through the lens of the biggest trends in culture. These trends from across our nation and our globe provide a good picture of all that's happening culturally—where we've been and perhaps even where we're headed. Episode Links Today's conversation was sparked by Google's annual “Year in Search,” capturing the top searches from around the world in a number of categories. You can look through the top searches in the U.S. HERE. Dr. White also mentioned a blog that he wrote at the beginning of the year, reflecting on how much of it has indeed come to pass in 2025. You can read “Twelve Predictions for 2025” HERE. Alexis then mentioned a recent article from the Pew Research Center on their “Striking findings from 2025.” Of the 12 findings they revealed, Dr. White named five that stood out to him, including how parents have seemed to throw in the towel when it comes to social media. There are three articles that you may be interested in reading related to this trend: Emma Bazilian, “50% of Gen Z ‘Can't Live Without YouTube' and Other Stats That Will Make You Feel Old,” Adweek. Jacob Dirnhuber, “Children Turn Backs on Traditional Careers in Favour of Internet Fame, Study Finds,” The Sun. Tanith Carey, “Can Social Media School Make Your 16-Year-Old a Star?” The Telegraph. The discussion inevitably turned to AI, as the widespread use of it is having a huge impact on our culture today. Oxford Dictionary's “Word of the Year” is “rage bait,” defined as "online content deliberately designed to elicit anger or outrage by being frustrating, provocative or offensive.” And people are increasingly struggling to tell the difference between what's real and what's fake. However, Merriam-Webster selected their word of the year - “slop” - to refer to “creepy, zany and demonstrably fake content.” It's very telling, though, that both selections had to do with AI. This was also the topic of a recent Church & Culture Podcast - CCP174: On AI and the Church - which you can listen to HERE. The discussion then turned to YouTube's end of the year recap and the significant impact that YouTube has on today's world. This was also the topic covered on the C&C Podcast related to the platform's 20th anniversary. You can find CCP149: On YouTube HERE. Dr. White even wrote about YouTube as it relates to the younger generations and the church in his book Hybrid Church: Rethinking the Church for a Post-Christian Digital Age, which you can find on Amazon HERE. YouVersion - a platform that has now reached more than one billion downloads of the Bible - also announced the 2025 verse of the year. Isaiah 41:10 was selected and “marks the fourth time in six years the verse has claimed the top spot, which is a testament to the enduring need for God's reassurance in uncertain times.” Indeed. Dr. White referenced a book written by Tim Alberta called The Kingdom, the Power, and the Glory, where he writes about the motivation of fear impacting American evangelicals that you might find insightful. And finally, he also mentioned an article from The Atlantic highlighting the effects of this fear seizing hold in our culture. You can read “Decivilization May Already Be Under Way“ HERE. For those of you who are new to Church & Culture, we'd love to invite you to subscribe (for free of course) to the twice-weekly Church & Culture blog and check out the Daily Headline News - a collection of headlines from around the globe each weekday. We'd also love to hear from you if there is a topic that you'd like to see discussed on the Church & Culture Podcast in an upcoming episode. You can find the form to submit your questions at the bottom of the podcast page HERE.

Sent us a text, you dicks!!This its our belated Thanksgiving episode, dicks and dickesses!!!  We are talking about those characters in the canon who are truly jive turkeys. Oxford Dictionary says "a dishonest, insincere, or foolish person." But it's not that simple - people are complicated!!! We only thought of a few definitive jive turkeys, albeit other characters have some jive turkey-esque qualities.Who can YOU think of???To send us an email - please do, we truly want to hear from you!!! - write us at: thebardcastyoudick@gmail.com To support us (by giving us money - we're a 501C3 Non-Profit - helllloooooo, tax deductible donation!!!) - per episode if you like! On Patreon, go here:  https://www.patreon.com/user?u=35662364&fan_landing=trueOr on Paypal:https://www.paypal.com/donate/?hosted_button_id=8KTK7CATJSRYJWe also take cash!   ;DTo visit our website, go here:https://www.thebardcastyoudick.comTo donate to an awesome charity, go here:https://actorsfund.org/help-our-entertainment-communiity-covid-19-emergency-reliefLike us? Don't have any extra moolah? We get it! Still love us and want to support us??   Then leave us a five-star rating AND a review wherever you get your podcasts!!A life Creative PodcastInspiring and hilarious stories of creatives successfully navigating their careers.Listen on: Apple Podcasts Spotify

I greet you in Jesus precious name! It is Friday morning, the 12th of December, 2025, and this is your friend, Angus Buchan, with a thought for today. We start in the Book of Leviticus 12:8:”So the priest shall make atonement for her, and she will be clean.' ” What does that mean? “Make atonement” - I looked up the Oxford Dictionary and the literal meaning of the word “atonement” is “reconciliation of God and man.” Father God did it once and for all, for you and for me. He sent His only begotten Son, Jesus Christ, down to earth from heaven as a sacrifice, an ultimate sacrifice for all of our sins.Now that, my dear friend, is real love - Jesus, the ultimate sacrifice for our sin! If you read in Leviticus, you will see that the Israelites had to keep going up to the Temple to offer sacrifices for their sins. They took bulls, they took rams, they took goats, they took turtledoves to pay for their continual sins but eventually it wasn't enough, so Father God sent His own Son to be the ultimate sacrifice for your sin and for my sin. John 15:13 says: ”Greater love has no one than this, than to lay down one's life for his friends.” That is what Jesus did for us. Do you remember that novel written by Charles Dickens, the famous writer? It was called “The Tale of Two Cities, and basically, it is the story of a friend dying for his friend. These were two identical men, and the one went to the guillotine in France in place of his friend, and the famous line in that whole story, that novel, goes like this, ”It is a far, far better thing that I do than I have ever done. It is a far, far better rest that I go to than I have ever known.”I want to say to you today, we too must be prepared to die to self so that Jesus can live through us.Have a wonderful day, God bless you and goodbye.

If you suspect your local high school's mascot looks suspiciously like a professional team or D1 university version, you're probably right. And they probably shouldn't be doing that. Every year, the Oxford Dictionary's Word of the year is less about the dictionary update and more about where we are as a society. This year is no different. Sources:https://www.mentalfloss.com/language/words/oxford-word-of-year-explainedhttps://frontofficesports.com/high-schools-walk-legal-tightrope-using-trademarked-pro-logos/http://www.commutethepodcast.comFollow Commute:Instagram - instagram.com/commutethepodcast/Twitter - @PodcastCommuteFacebook - facebook.com/commutethepodcast

Rage bait takes the title as "2025 Word of the Year" for Oxford Dictionary. ‘Rage bait' is Oxford's Word of the Year | CNN Rage bait named word of the year 2025 by Oxford University Press Save on the perfect Holiday gift by visiting AuraFrames.com to get $35 off Aura's best-selling Carver Mat frames - named #1 by Wirecutter -  by using promo code COOLSTUFF at checkout. Contact the show - coolstuffdailypodcast@gmail.com Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

I greet you in Jesus' precious name! It is Thursday morning, the 4th of December, 2025, and this is your friend, Angus Buchan, with a thought for today. We start in the Book of Proverbs 14:12: “There is a way that seems right to a man, But its end is the way of death.” Then we go to the New Testament, to 1 Corinthians 10:12: “Therefore let him who thinks he stands take heed lest he fall.”Today I read a beautiful article in another devotional and the title was “Deterioration”. I looked up the Oxford Dictionary. It means, “becoming gradually worse or going downhill.” Now Solomon had an incredibly wonderful start in his life. Remember? Remember, the Lord woke him up and he was dreaming and He said, “What do you want? I will give you anything.” And he said, “I want wisdom to govern my people.” Solomon was the son of King David. The Lord said to him, ”Because you have asked correctly, I am going to give you everything else.” He was the wisest man who ever lived, he was an architect (remember, he built the temple), he was extremely popular, a very, very handsome man, very clever. He also wrote the Book of Ecclesiastes, we believe. He talks about “Vanity, vanity, this life is like chasing the wind.” I hope you are not there today, my friend. I really mean that with all of my heart.I really hope you don't think, “I have got it all together, I don't need anybody, I can do this myself, I have made my own plan." Folks, there is only one way down when you get to the top, and that is straight down. I want to tell you about a man named Howard Hughes. Maybe some of the younger people don't remember him. Howard Hughes was a filmmaker, an aviator, and an incredible pilot and aircraft designer. They described him as a millionaire genius who lost his mind. Isn't that so sad? He lost his mind. What happened? He became a recluse, living all by himself, and then slowly but surely wasted away to nothing. I want to say to you today, be careful how you stand lest you fall.Jesus bless you and goodbye.

 “What would you do if you discovered a masterpiece lost for 400 years hidden in your own home?” That's just one of the wild questions Sandy and Tricia tackle in this episode of The Sandy Show, where every moment is a blend of laughter, heart, and a dash of mischief. Join Sandy and Tricia as they serve up a whirlwind of stories—from the hilarious (and slightly evil) Christmas parenting hacks to the heartfelt campaign to free Betty, the world's most depressed circus elephant. Tricia surprises everyone by siding with PETA, championing the clever idea for Alice in Chains to become “Betty in Chains” for a month. “Let Betty go. She's done her time,” Tricia declares, sparking a conversation that's as passionate as it is poignant. Relive the magic of holiday movies as the duo reveals which Christmas classics are returning to the big screen, and laugh along as they debate whether “Love Actually” truly counts as a Christmas movie. Nostalgia runs deep as Sandy and Tricia reminisce about old-school movie outings, complete with newspaper listings and spontaneous ticket window decisions. The episode doesn't shy away from the quirky and the relatable—like the debate over the perfect winter thermostat setting (“68 degrees? That sounds like a freaking tinderbox to me!”), the Oxford Dictionary's Word of the Year (“rage bait”), and the confessions of following people online just to stay annoyed. Listeners are treated to playful banter, including the infamous “dirty legging” accusation and a shout-out to loyal podcast fans who stuck around through Thanksgiving. With memorable moments, witty exchanges, and genuine heart, this episode captures the essence of The Sandy Show: real conversations, real laughs, and real life.Notable Quotes:“Let Betty go. She's done her time.”“I don't trust any animal that can poop and walk at the same time.”“68 degrees? That sounds like a freaking tinderbox to me!”“You're a grudge guy. Why do I hang out with you?”“Do us a solid and copy and paste the link to this episode and send it to a friend or two.”Call-to-Action:Loved the show? Don't miss a moment—subscribe to The Sandy Show, leave us a review, and share this episode with your friends. Your support keeps the laughter (and the mischief) going!

Nancy felt bad for a bunch of old men in Hobby Lobby yesterday. She thinks that their wives had forced them to go shopping and that they were miserable. A little kid told Karly, “You scare me,” at gymnastics class. Karly didn’t understand why, but Joey and Nancy said that Karly can definitely be scary and intense because of her facial expressions. Hot Tea: The president of the Kansas City Chiefs said that they will never show Taylor Swift on their screens or play her music in their stadium; they don’t want to monetize her and Travis’s relationship. Morgan Wallen’s newest album was the most streamed album of the year on Apple Music. He posted it on Instagram with the caption: “I let my fans do the talking,” seemingly referencing his recent losses at award shows. A raccoon got into a liquor store, got drunk, and passed out in the bathroom. “Ragebait” is Oxford Dictionary's 2025 word of the year. The word is used to describe content that is created to make people mad or upset, so they are more likely to engage with the content. We decided to do a ragebait experiment where we said that Morgan Wallen went to Central High School. It worked really well – tons of people called and texted us to tell us we were wrong. Lucky 7 We listed out some of our favorite items that would make good Christmas gifts! Joey had another mold inspector come out to his house. After he left, the guy called Joey, said he had left his jacket, and asked Joey to put it in the mailbox for him to grab. Later, Joey got a notification on his doorbell camera that the man was on his porch. He left Joey a $20 for being nice about his jacket! Simon Cowell from American Idol regrets how rude he was on TV while on the show, but some of that was creative editing on the television crew’s part. Joey says that people have thought he was rude before when he really wasn’t. We got a listener on the phone that once thought he was rude, and we let her tell her story. It was just a misunderstanding due to Joey’s introverted-ness. Nancy is a little upset because Kim Kardashian released the “10 KIMmandments” of business and she agrees with all of them. See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Nancy felt bad for a bunch of old men in Hobby Lobby yesterday. She thinks that their wives had forced them to go shopping and that they were miserable. A little kid told Karly, “You scare me,” at gymnastics class. Karly didn’t understand why, but Joey and Nancy said that Karly can definitely be scary and intense because of her facial expressions. Hot Tea: The president of the Kansas City Chiefs said that they will never show Taylor Swift on their screens or play her music in their stadium; they don’t want to monetize her and Travis’s relationship. Morgan Wallen’s newest album was the most streamed album of the year on Apple Music. He posted it on Instagram with the caption: “I let my fans do the talking,” seemingly referencing his recent losses at award shows. A raccoon got into a liquor store, got drunk, and passed out in the bathroom. “Ragebait” is Oxford Dictionary's 2025 word of the year. The word is used to describe content that is created to make people mad or upset, so they are more likely to engage with the content. We decided to do a ragebait experiment where we said that Morgan Wallen went to Central High School. It worked really well – tons of people called and texted us to tell us we were wrong. Lucky 7 We listed out some of our favorite items that would make good Christmas gifts! Joey had another mold inspector come out to his house. After he left, the guy called Joey, said he had left his jacket, and asked Joey to put it in the mailbox for him to grab. Later, Joey got a notification on his doorbell camera that the man was on his porch. He left Joey a $20 for being nice about his jacket! Simon Cowell from American Idol regrets how rude he was on TV while on the show, but some of that was creative editing on the television crew’s part. Joey says that people have thought he was rude before when he really wasn’t. We got a listener on the phone that once thought he was rude, and we let her tell her story. It was just a misunderstanding due to Joey’s introverted-ness. Nancy is a little upset because Kim Kardashian released the “10 KIMmandments” of business and she agrees with all of them. See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Dave and Chuck the Freak talk about things to look forward to in December, Al Roker gave kid Golden Ticket and she wasn't pleased, old story of Cabbage Patch Kids on Black Friday, complicated pizza order, things that are normal to have one of but not 2, woman tried to stab BF at Thanksgiving, shooting at mall on Black Friday, 2 ladies driving crashed into tree and went into water, FedEx driver crashed into creek, life saved by pet rabbit, Cort tried Dave's sweet cream, man stabbed in parking lot after UofM-OSU game, kid who is world champion bull rider, 50 Cent's Diddy doc, Amy Schumer pictured without wedding ring, new name in running for James Bond, Clooney lost out on role to Brad Pitt, Johnny Cash estate suing Coke, Dolly asked about wearing wigs by bald man, Chinese man had lighter in stomach for 30 years, people arrested for Florida Keys threesome in public, road rage incident, woman gained 2 lost sisters on 23 & Me, cat loose on plane, someone walked in on guy in plane bathroom, OnlyFans star busted peeing over stuff in store, teacher struck by lightning, Hertz AI scanners, unintended date you share when you post pictures, Oxford Dictionary word of the year: Rage Baiting, 90-year-old man still skateboarding, missing art found in home put up for sale, and more!See Privacy Policy at https://art19.com/privacy and California Privacy Notice at https://art19.com/privacy#do-not-sell-my-info.

Dave and Chuck the Freak talk about things to look forward to in December, Al Roker gave kid Golden Ticket and she wasn’t pleased, old story of Cabbage Patch Kids on Black Friday, complicated pizza order, things that are normal to have one of but not 2, woman tried to stab BF at Thanksgiving, shooting at mall on Black Friday, 2 ladies driving crashed into tree and went into water, FedEx driver crashed into creek, life saved by pet rabbit, Cort tried Dave’s sweet cream, man stabbed in parking lot after UofM-OSU game, kid who is world champion bull rider, 50 Cent’s Diddy doc, Amy Schumer pictured without wedding ring, new name in running for James Bond, Clooney lost out on role to Brad Pitt, Johnny Cash estate suing Coke, Dolly asked about wearing wigs by bald man, Chinese man had lighter in stomach for 30 years, people arrested for Florida Keys threesome in public, road rage incident, woman gained 2 lost sisters on 23 & Me, cat loose on plane, someone walked in on guy in plane bathroom, OnlyFans star busted peeing over stuff in store, teacher struck by lightning, Hertz AI scanners, unintended date you share when you post pictures, Oxford Dictionary word of the year: Rage Baiting, 90-year-old man still skateboarding, missing art found in home put up for sale, and more!

There's a bipartisan investigation looking into whether the Trump administration conducted an illegal strike on an alleged drug tracking boat. An appeals court has ruled that a US attorney has been serving unlawfully. We have the latest on the Ukraine peace talks. Millions of Americans might lose their SNAP food stamp benefit. Plus, why the Oxford Dictionary's word of the year may infuriate you. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices

USE CODE DEC25 FOR 50% OFF ALL PATREON SUBSCRIPTIONS UNTIL THE END OF DECEMBER https://www.patreon.com/lionsledbydonkeys In the early days of English ambassadorships to the Ottoman Empire, an increasingly petty collection of grievances among European envoys and Ottoman dignitaries set the conditions for a single errant snowball to incite an anti-English riot. Witness the story of the snowball that got a bunch of English guys' beaten with oblong objects. Research: Dr Joel Butler Reources: Public Records Office, The National Archives, Kew, London: SP 97/3; SP 97/4. ‘Bu bir nefret cinayetidir: Gazeteci Nuh Köklü, 'kartopu oynarken' öldürüldü.' Radikal (2 February 2015). ‘Gazeteci Nuh Köklü kar topu oynarken öldürüldü', BBC News Türkçe (18 February 2015). ‘Journalist Nuh Köklü murdered for playing snowball', Agos (18 February 2015). ‘Life in prison for man who stabbed Turkish journalist over snowball fight', Hürriyet Daily News (5 June 2015). Atran, S. ‘The Devoted Actor: Unconditional Commitment and Intractable Conflict across Cultures', Current Anthropology, 57/S13 (2016), S192-S203. Brotton, J. The Sultan and the Queen: The Untold Story of Elizabeth and Islam (New York, 2017) Brown, H.F. Calendar of State Papers Relating To English Affairs in the Archives of Venice, Volume 9, 1592-1603 (London, 1897). Burian, O. The Report of Lello, Third English Ambassador to the Sublime Porte / Babıâli Nezdinde Üçüncü İngiliz Elçisi Lello'nun Muhtırası (Ankara, 1952). Butler, J.D. ‘Between Company and State: Anglo-Ottoman Diplomacy and Ottoman Political Culture, 1565-1607', unpubd. DPhil thesis, University of Oxford (2022). _________. ‘Lello, Henry', The Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (Oxford, 2023). Coulter, L.J.F. ‘The involvement of the English crown and its embassy in Constantinople with pretenders to the throne of the principality of Moldavia between the years 1583 and 1620, with particular reference to the pretender Stefan Bogdan between 1590 and 1612', unpubd. PhD thesis, University of London (1993). Foster, W. (ed.) The Travels of John Sanderson in the Levant (1584-1602) (London, 1931). Horniker, A.L. ‘Anglo-French Rivalry in the Levant from 1583 to 1612', The Journal of Modern History, 18/4 (1946), 289-305. Hutnyk, J. ‘Nuh Köklü. Statement from Yeldeğirmeni Dayanışması' (20 February 2015) at: https://hutnyk.wordpress.com/2015/02/20/nuh-koklu-statement-from-yeldegirmeni-dayanismasi/ (accessed 8 March 2025). Kowalczyk, T.D. ‘Edward Barton and Anglo-Ottoman Relations, 1588-98', unpubd. PhD thesis, University of Sussex (2020). MacLean, G. ‘Courting the Porte: Early Anglo-Ottoman Diplomacy', University of Bucharest Review, 10/2 (2008), 80-88. MacLean, G. & Matar, N. Britain & the Islamic World, 1558-1713 (Oxford, 2011). Newson, M. ‘Football, fan violence, and identity fusion', International Review for the Sociology of Sport, 54/4 (2019), 431-444. Newson, M., Buhrmester, M. & Whitehouse, H. ‘United in defeat: shared suffering and group bonding among football fans', Managing Sport and Leisure, 28/2 (2023), 164-181. Purchas, S. Hakluytus Posthumus or Purchas His Pilgrimes, viii (Glasgow, 1905). Sheikh, H., Gómez, Á. & Altran, S. ‘Empirical Evidence for the Devoted Actor Model', Current Anthropology, 57/S13 (2016), S204-S209. Unknown Artist. (c1604). The Somerset House Conference, 1604 (oil on canvas). London: National Portrait Gallery.

 "Just when you think you know everything about the OJ Simpson case, what new truths are waiting to be uncovered?" This episode of The Sandy Show invites listeners on a journey through headlines, history, and pop culture moments that continue to spark debate and curiosity. Hosts Sandy McIlree and Tricia open with playful banter about family quirks and childhood memories, setting a warm and relatable tone.Key Moments & ThemesOJ Simpson Case Revisited: Tricia breaks down the latest developments in the decades-old legal saga, including a staggering $58 million settlement and the unwavering determination of Fred Goldman. Sandy and Tricia reflect on the emotional impact, the legendary legal defense, and the haunting legacy of the case. Notable quote: “Just when you think you knew everything about the OJ Simpson case, you watch that documentary and you're like, holy crap.”Pop Culture Flashbacks: The hosts reminisce about events from ten years ago—Charlie Sheen's public revelation, the Oxford Dictionary's first emoji “Word of the Year,” and the mystery behind Carly Simon's “You're So Vain.” Their candid opinions and witty exchanges breathe new life into these stories.Tech & Toys: From Aerosmith's pioneering digital music release to the surprising risks of AI-powered toys this Christmas, Sandy and Tricia explore how technology is reshaping our lives. Their discussion on AI toys—some found to use foul language or offer questionable advice—raises important questions about safety and innovation.Memorable Moments & Quotes“If you stink in the cold, you are a dangerous MF'er.” – Tricia's signature humor kicks off the show.“OJ said if she hadn't come to the door with a knife in her hand, she'd still be alive.” – A chilling moment from the OJ Simpson documentary.“AI toys could be a big issue this Christmas… some will talk in depth about sexually explicit topics or even offer advice on where to find matches or knives.” – A surprising revelation about modern toys.Call-to-Action Love what you hear? Don't miss a single episode—subscribe to The Sandy Show, leave a review, and share this episode with friends who appreciate a fresh perspective and a good story. Your support keeps the conversation going!

Follow our instagram: hereWatch full video: https://youtu.be/6XnLAZcvy3kFollow Sammy: @sammypetersenunofficialFollow Bron: @bronlewiscomedy Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

Maria Dickin wanted to raise the status of animals in society and bring more awareness to the work they were doing during World War II. The Dickin Medal was created to honor military working animals. This episode covers six of those recipients. Research: “Cats and Dogs.” Sabretache: The Official Journal of the Calgary Military Historical Society. August Extra #1. 2022. http://cmhs.ca/sabretache/Sabretache_2022_08_1.pdf Classic Warbirds. “Pigeons at War - The RAF and the National Pigeon Service.” https://www.classicwarbirds.co.uk/articles/pigeons-at-war-the-raf-and-the-national-pigeon-service.php Elidemir, Gulistan. “Maria Dickin and the history of the People’s Dispensary for Sick Animals.” The Slice Whitechapel. 2/20/2022. https://whitechapellondon.co.uk/maria-dickin-pdsa-animal-charity-history/ Gardiner, Andrew. “The 'Dangerous' Women of Animal Welfare: How British Veterinary Medicine Went to the Dogs.” Social History of MedianeVol. 27, No. 3 pp. 466-487. https://archive.org/details/pubmed-PMC4109695/mode/1up Harrison, Brian. “Dickin, Maria Elisabeth.” Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. 11/23/2004. https://doi.org/10.1093/ref:odnb/53789 Historic England. “Heroic War Animals: The History of the PDSA Dickin Medal.” 12/21/2023. https://heritagecalling.com/2023/12/21/heroic-animals-at-war-the-history-of-the-pdsa-dickin-medal/ Imperial War Museums. “What Was The Yangtze Incident?” https://www.iwm.org.uk/history/what-was-the-yangtze-incident Kennedy, Maev. “Pet heroes honoured as cemetery reopens.” The Guardian. 12/14/2007. https://www.theguardian.com/artanddesign/2007/dec/14/art Long, David. “The animals' VC : for gallantry and devotion : the PDSA Dickin Medal - inspiring stories of bravery and courage.” Preface. 2012. Ministry of Defense. “Judy: The Dog who became a prisoner of war.” 7/24/2015. https://www.gov.uk/government/news/judy-the-dog-who-became-a-prisoner-of-war National Archives. “Judy, the only dog registered as a prisoner of war.” https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/explore-the-collection/stories/judy-the-only-dog-registered-as-a-prisoner-of-war/ National Archives. “Judy, the only dog registered as a prisoner of war.” https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/explore-the-collection/stories/judy-the-only-dog-registered-as-a-prisoner-of-war/ Naval History. “HMS AMETHYST INCIDENT, YANGTSE RIVER, April to May 1949.” https://www.naval-history.net/WXLG-Amethyst1949.htm “Rip.” https://www.pdsa.org.uk/media/5494/47646_dm-75_recipient-book_27_rip_digital.pdf “Sergeant Reckless – PDSA Dickin Medal 68.” https://www.pdsa.org.uk/what-we-do/animal-awards-programme/pdsa-dickin-medal/sergeant-reckless “Simon - PDSA Dickin Medal 54.” https://www.pdsa.org.uk/what-we-do/animal-awards-programme/pdsa-dickin-medal/simon “Story of Maria Dickin and PDSA.” Via YouTube. 10/8/2015. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3A1mMVDL4oo “White Vision.” https://www.pdsa.org.uk/what-we-do/animal-awards-programme/pdsa-dickin-medal/white-vision “Winkie: DM 1.” https://www.pdsa.org.uk/media/5491/47646_dm-75_recipient-book_01_winkie_digital.pdf Royal Pigeon Racing Association. “Pigeons In War.” https://www.rpra.org/pigeons-in-war/ S. Marine Corps Museum. “Sgt. Reckless - Marine War Horse.” https://www.usmcmuseum.com/uploads/6/0/3/6/60364049/sgt._reckless.pdf Wooster, Martin Morse. “Dickin Medal awards, a great philanthropic initiative.” Philanthropy Daily. https://philanthropydaily.com/dickin-medal-awards-a-great-philanthropic-initiative/ See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Wilfred Owen is considered one of the most important English-language poets of World War I. His work also part of a shift in how many British poets were writing about war. Research: Bonellie, Janet. “A Portrait of Robert Ross.” Canada’s History. 6/12/2019. https://www.canadashistory.ca/explore/arts-culture-society/a-portrait-of-robert-ross British Broadcasting Corporation. “Wilfred Owen: A Remembrance Tale.” 2007. Cannon, Jean. “Censorship in Surprising Places: Uncovering the Letters of Wilfred Owen.” Not Even Past. Ransom Center. 4/21/2014. https://notevenpast.org/censorship/ Crossman, AM. “THE HYDRA, Captain AJ Brock and the Treatment of Shell-shocked in Edinburgh.” J R Coll Physicians Edinb 2003; 33:119–123. Earlam, R. “Shell-shock: A history of the changing attitude to war neurosis.” BMJ (Clinical research ed.) vol. 316,7145 (1998): 1683A. doi:10.1136/bmj.316.7145.1683a Hibberd, Dominic. “Wilfred Owen.” Weidenfeld & Nicholson. 2002. Imperial War Museums. “British Field Service Postcard, First World War.” https://www.iwm.org.uk/collections/item/object/205131476 Jones, Edgar. “Shell Shocked.” American Psychological Association. Vol. 43, No. 6. June 2012. https://www.apa.org/monitor/2012/06/shell-shocked Jones, Nigel. "Anthem for groomed youth: Wilfred Owen's troubling obsession." Spectator, vol. 336, no. 9880, 6 Jan. 2018, p. 12. Gale In Context: Opposing Viewpoints, link.gale.com/apps/doc/A524739265/GPS?u=mlin_n_melpub&sid=bookmark-GPS&xid=62e62ece. Accessed 11 June 2025. Lee, Stuart. “The Last Days of Wilfred Owen.” Oxford News Blog. 10/23/2018. https://www.ox.ac.uk/news/arts-blog/last-days-wilfred-owen Onion, Amanda. “Poet Wilfred Owen killed in action.” History.com. 1/30/2025. https://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/november-4/poet-wilfred-owen-killed-in-action Poetry Foundation. “Wilfred Owen.” https://www.poetryfoundation.org/poets/wilfred-owen Stallworthy, Jon. "Owen, Wilfred Edward Salter (1893–1918), poet." Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. September 01, 2017. Oxford University Press. Date of access 11 Jun. 2025, https://www.oxforddnb.com/view/10.1093/ref:odnb/9780198614128.001.0001/odnb-9780198614128-e-37828 Van Mierlo, Wim. “Wilfred Owen 100 years on: poet gave voice to a generation of doomed youth.” The Conversation. 11/4/2018. https://theconversation.com/wilfred-owen-100-years-on-poet-gave-voice-to-a-generation-of-doomed-youth-106014 Webb, Thomas E F. “'Dottyville'--Craiglockhart War Hospital and shell-shock treatment in the First World War.” Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine vol. 99,7 (2006): 342-6. doi:10.1177/014107680609900716 "Wilfred Owen." Poetry Criticism, edited by Michelle Lee, vol. 102, Gale, 2010. Gale Literature Resource Center, link.gale.com/apps/doc/CYPYNF967921623/LitRC?u=mlin_n_melpub&sid=bookmark-LitRC&xid=cb1d6e7f. Accessed 27 May 2025. "Wilfred Owen." World War I Reference Library, edited by Sara Pendergast, et al., vol. 2: Biographies, UXL, 2002, pp. 111-117. Gale In Context: U.S. History, link.gale.com/apps/doc/CX3411700047/GPS?u=mlin_n_melpub&sid=bookmark-GPS&xid=c3bea6b3. Accessed 27 May 2025. See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Once Rosina Bulwer-Lytton and her husband Edward separated, his life seemed to become more and more successful while she struggled with finances. The estranged couple then spent years battling very publicly until Edward had Rosina committed. Research: “A Scene at the Hertfordshire Election.” The Tiverton Gazette. 6/29/1858. https://www.newspapers.com/image/803824054/ Blain, Virginia. “Rosina Bulwer Lytton and the Rage of the Unheard.” Huntington Library Quarterly , Summer, 1990, Vol. 53, No. 3. Via JSTOR. https://www.jstor.org/stable/3817439 Brown, Andrew. "Lytton, Edward George Earle Lytton Bulwer [formerly Edward George Earle Lytton Bulwer], first Baron Lytton (1803–1873), writer and politician." Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. September 23, 2004. Oxford University Press. Date of access 4 Jun. 2025, https://www-oxforddnb-com.proxy.bostonathenaeum.org/view/10.1093/ref:odnb/9780198614128.001.0001/odnb-9780198614128-e-17314 Bulwer-Lytton, Rosina. “Lady Bulwer Lytton's Appeal to the Justice and Charity of the English Public.” By and For the Author. 1857. Devey, Louisa, editor. “Letters of the late Edward Bulwer, lord Lytton, to his wife.” New York : G. W. Dillingham. 1889. Devey, Louisa. “Life of Rosina, Lady Lytton: With Numerous Extracts from Her Ms. Autobiography and Other Original Documents.” London, Swan Sonnschein, Lowery & Co. 1887. Flynn, Michael J. “Dickens, Rosina Bulwer Lytton, and the ‘Guilt’ of Literature and Art.” Dickens Quarterly, March 2012, Vol. 29, No. 1 (March 2012). Via JSTOR. https://www.jstor.org/stable/45292582 King, Cornelia. “Getting Even: The Mighty Pen of Lady Bulwer Lytton.” The Library Company of Philadelphia. 5/10/2022. https://librarycompany.org/2022/05/10/getting-even/ Latané, D.E. “Edward Bulwer Lytton’s committal of his wife Rosina to a private mental asylum in 1858.” Victorian Web. https://victorianweb.org/authors/bulwer/latane.html McFadden, Margaret. “Anna Doyle Wheeler (1785-1848): Philosopher, Socialist, Feminist.” Hypatia, vol. 4, no. 1, 1989, pp. 91–101. JSTOR, http://www.jstor.org/stable/3809936. Accessed 3 June 2025. Mulvey-Roberts, Marie. "Fame, notoriety and madness: Edward Bulwer-Lytton paying the price of greatness." Critical Survey, vol. 13, no. 2, May 2001, pp. 115+. Gale Literature Resource Center, link.gale.com/apps/doc/A80191856/LitRC?u=mlin_n_melpub&sid=bookmark-LitRC&xid=2669a158. Accessed 27 May 2025. Mulvey-Roberts, Marie. "Lytton, Rosina Anne Doyle Bulwer [née Rosina Anne Doyle Wheeler], Lady Lytton (1802–1882), novelist." Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. October 08, 2009. Oxford University Press. Date of access 28 May. 2025, https://www-oxforddnb-com.proxy.bostonathenaeum.org/view/10.1093/ref:odnb/9780198614128.001.0001/odnb-9780198614128-e-17316 Mulvey-Roberts, Marie. “‘The Very Worst Woman I Ever Heard of’: Rosina Bulwer Lytton and Biography as Vindication.” Women's Writing, 25:2, 253-267, DOI: 10.1080/09699082.2017.1387338 See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

After a difficult childhood, Rosina Bulwer-Lytton landed in a marriage that quickly turned chaotic and stressful, and then became abusive. Part one covers the period of her life up to their separation. Research: “A Scene at the Hertfordshire Election.” The Tiverton Gazette. 6/29/1858. https://www.newspapers.com/image/803824054/ Blain, Virginia. “Rosina Bulwer Lytton and the Rage of the Unheard.” Huntington Library Quarterly , Summer, 1990, Vol. 53, No. 3. Via JSTOR. https://www.jstor.org/stable/3817439 Brown, Andrew. "Lytton, Edward George Earle Lytton Bulwer [formerly Edward George Earle Lytton Bulwer], first Baron Lytton (1803–1873), writer and politician." Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. September 23, 2004. Oxford University Press. Date of access 4 Jun. 2025, https://www-oxforddnb-com.proxy.bostonathenaeum.org/view/10.1093/ref:odnb/9780198614128.001.0001/odnb-9780198614128-e-17314 Bulwer-Lytton, Rosina. “Lady Bulwer Lytton's Appeal to the Justice and Charity of the English Public.” By and For the Author. 1857. Devey, Louisa, editor. “Letters of the late Edward Bulwer, lord Lytton, to his wife.” New York : G. W. Dillingham. 1889. Devey, Louisa. “Life of Rosina, Lady Lytton: With Numerous Extracts from Her Ms. Autobiography and Other Original Documents.” London, Swan Sonnschein, Lowery & Co. 1887. Flynn, Michael J. “Dickens, Rosina Bulwer Lytton, and the ‘Guilt’ of Literature and Art.” Dickens Quarterly, March 2012, Vol. 29, No. 1 (March 2012). Via JSTOR. https://www.jstor.org/stable/45292582 King, Cornelia. “Getting Even: The Mighty Pen of Lady Bulwer Lytton.” The Library Company of Philadelphia. 5/10/2022. https://librarycompany.org/2022/05/10/getting-even/ Latané, D.E. “Edward Bulwer Lytton’s committal of his wife Rosina to a private mental asylum in 1858.” Victorian Web. https://victorianweb.org/authors/bulwer/latane.html McFadden, Margaret. “Anna Doyle Wheeler (1785-1848): Philosopher, Socialist, Feminist.” Hypatia, vol. 4, no. 1, 1989, pp. 91–101. JSTOR, http://www.jstor.org/stable/3809936. Accessed 3 June 2025. Mulvey-Roberts, Marie. "Fame, notoriety and madness: Edward Bulwer-Lytton paying the price of greatness." Critical Survey, vol. 13, no. 2, May 2001, pp. 115+. Gale Literature Resource Center, link.gale.com/apps/doc/A80191856/LitRC?u=mlin_n_melpub&sid=bookmark-LitRC&xid=2669a158. Accessed 27 May 2025. Mulvey-Roberts, Marie. "Lytton, Rosina Anne Doyle Bulwer [née Rosina Anne Doyle Wheeler], Lady Lytton (1802–1882), novelist." Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. October 08, 2009. Oxford University Press. Date of access 28 May. 2025, https://www-oxforddnb-com.proxy.bostonathenaeum.org/view/10.1093/ref:odnb/9780198614128.001.0001/odnb-9780198614128-e-17316 Mulvey-Roberts, Marie. “‘The Very Worst Woman I Ever Heard of’: Rosina Bulwer Lytton and Biography as Vindication.” Women's Writing, 25:2, 253-267, DOI: 10.1080/09699082.2017.1387338 See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.