Podcasts about tatar

In this episode of Talk Nerdy, Cara is joined by Harvard professor of Literature and of Folklore and Mythology, Dr. Maria Tatar. They discuss her new book, Arachnomania: Spiders and the Cultural Work They Do for Us. Follow Maria: @mariamtatar

Robert Tatar war vier Jahre lang obdachlos. In dieser Folge von Erklär mir die Welt erzählt er seine Geschichte. Das Interview ist erstmals im Februar 2019 erschienen.Robert Tatar ist Produktmanager bei Shades Tours und war vier Jahre lang obdachlos. Zur Werbung: Jetzt Die Presse für 3 Monate für 3 EUR testen auf diepresse.com/erklärmirdiewelt mit dem Code "erklärmirdiewelt" ***Hilf wie 400+ andere Hörer:innen mit, den Podcast zu finanzieren. Danke an alle Unterstützer:innen. ***MACH DEN PODCAST BESSERSchick uns deine Fragen und Wünsche für EpisodenErzähl uns von dir! Mach bei der Hörer:innen-Befragung mit ***NÜTZLICHE LINKS Hier geht's zu unserem Partner paper republicBewirb dich als Hörer:in des MonatsHol dir Updates zum Podcast per E-Mail, Signal, WhatsApp oder TelegramFolge uns bei Instagram, Tiktok und FacebookAlle Folgen ab Mai 2023 gibt es mit Video auf YouTubeSchau im Merch-Shop vorbeiHier kannst du Werbung im Podcast buchenAndreas' Buch "Alles gut?!" darüber, was er im Kampf gegen Armut auf der Welt beitragen kann ***DAS TEAMMitarbeit: Valentina Pfattner und Thomas PelkmannVermarktung: Therese Illiasch und Stefan Lassnig (Missing Link)Audio- und Video: Andreas Fischer (Sisigrant)Logo und CI: Florian HalbmayrMusik: Something Elated by Broke For Free, CC BYBeatbox am Ende: Azad Arslantas

Une vingtaine de soldats ukrainiens participent au traditionnel défilé militaire du 14-Juillet, sous le regard de Volodymyr Zelensky, invité par le président français. Depuis plus de quatre ans, l'armée ukrainienne résiste aux assauts russes sur quelque 1 200 kilomètres de front. À l'heure des drones et des frappes à longue portée, on oublie parfois les hommes qui tiennent les positions, au cœur d'une « kill zone » désormais saturée de drones FPV. Notre correspondant Lucas Lazo a accompagné, il y a quelques jours, une unité ukrainienne lors d'une évacuation de blessés au cœur de cette zone grise, sur le front de Zaporijjia, dans le sud du pays. De notre correspondant de retour de Zaporijia, Les sirènes de Zaporijia résonnent dans la plaine, l'armée russe bombarde la ville. Dissimulés sous une canopée, les hommes du 225ᵉ régiment d'assaut chargent leurs armes, inspectent une dernière fois leur matériel. Les traits tirés par la concentration, Tatar dirige les opérations, l'œil brillant, un tatouage de son unité palpite sur son cou : « On charge le véhicule, et on part vers le point de transbordement où l'on dépose notre infanterie. À partir de là, les fantassins progressent par petits groupes jusqu'aux positions ennemies. Nous évacuons un blessé et acheminons de nouveaux soldats. Nous ne pourrons pas aller plus loin, il y a déjà trop de drones FPV et des drones à fibre optique. » Les deux soldats qui vont relever les blessés savent ce qui les attend : plusieurs kilomètres à pied, à découvert, sous le feu ennemi, jusqu'à une tranchée où ils resteront plusieurs semaines. Superstitieux, le commandant noue à leurs poignets un bracelet orné de l'archange saint Michel : il se veut rassurant : « C'est notre guerre électronique à nous, pour les protéger des drones. » Mais les mains des deux soldats tremblent sur leurs kalachnikovs. Ils soufflent, le regard vide, le visage déformé par l'effroi. « Davaï, davaï ! » Il faut partir. On saute dans un pick-up, pied au plancher. Pas question de traîner dans la « kill zone » : villages détruits, carcasses de voitures, station-service calcinée. Pas une âme qui vive. Les voitures s'arrêtent brutalement… « FPV » Nous courrons nous mettre à l'abri dans une masure abandonnée. Les lignes russes ne sont plus qu'à quelques kilomètres. Tatar nous prévient : des Jdouns, ces drones à fibre optique embusqués au bord de la route, ont été repérés. L'un d'eux a explosé cinq minutes avant notre passage. Notre pick-up s'arrête là. Les deux fantassins repartent sur un quad. Commence alors une interminable attente, dans le silence, ponctuée par les tirs d'artillerie. Trois jours pour ramener les blessés Un tir ami croit savoir Tatar. À l'abri dans notre cabane, les yeux ne quittent pas l'écran du Tchouïka qui capte la fréquence des drones ennemis et nous annonce leur présence. Ils sont plusieurs à tournoyer dans les airs à la recherche de leur cible. Viking enchaîne les cigarettes, le regard inquiet rivé vers le ciel : « Encore un peu de patience. Les gars vont arriver avec les blessés et vous verrez dans quel état ils sont. Le plus difficile, c'est d'atteindre le point où les blessés sont ensuite pris en charge par le véhicule d'évacuation. Parce que jusque-là, il faut marcher. Et quand on est blessé, avec une jambe cassée, un bras cassé ou d'autres blessures, c'est extrêmement compliqué. » Le quad surgit enfin. En quelques secondes, le blessé est hissé à l'arrière du pick-up. Son œil gauche a disparu, à la place, une cavité noire et suintante. Ses jambes ne le portent plus. Son camarade, Vova, 55 ans, l'a traîné sur plusieurs kilomètres. Exténué, en état de choc, il raconte : « On avançait à quatre pattes, grâce aux antidouleurs. Je tirais le matériel. Mon camarade, lui aussi il rampait, mais le troisième était grièvement blessé, avec les intestins perforés. C'est lui que je tractais sur une couverture. Pendant deux jours j'ai tiré le corps d'un mort. Au total, il nous a fallu trois jours pour rejoindre nos lignes. » Trois jours pour sortir de l'enfer de la ligne zéro saturée par les drones, où ces hommes tiennent le front sud de l'Ukraine.

Une vingtaine de soldats ukrainiens participent au traditionnel défilé militaire du 14-Juillet, sous le regard de Volodymyr Zelensky, invité par le président français. Depuis plus de quatre ans, l'armée ukrainienne résiste aux assauts russes sur quelque 1 200 kilomètres de front. À l'heure des drones et des frappes à longue portée, on oublie parfois les hommes qui tiennent les positions, au cœur d'une « kill zone » désormais saturée de drones FPV. Notre correspondant Lucas Lazo a accompagné, il y a quelques jours, une unité ukrainienne lors d'une évacuation de blessés au cœur de cette zone grise, sur le front de Zaporijjia, dans le sud du pays. De notre correspondant de retour de Zaporijia, Les sirènes de Zaporijia résonnent dans la plaine, l'armée russe bombarde la ville. Dissimulés sous une canopée, les hommes du 225ᵉ régiment d'assaut chargent leurs armes, inspectent une dernière fois leur matériel. Les traits tirés par la concentration, Tatar dirige les opérations, l'œil brillant, un tatouage de son unité palpite sur son cou : « On charge le véhicule, et on part vers le point de transbordement où l'on dépose notre infanterie. À partir de là, les fantassins progressent par petits groupes jusqu'aux positions ennemies. Nous évacuons un blessé et acheminons de nouveaux soldats. Nous ne pourrons pas aller plus loin, il y a déjà trop de drones FPV et des drones à fibre optique. » Les deux soldats qui vont relever les blessés savent ce qui les attend : plusieurs kilomètres à pied, à découvert, sous le feu ennemi, jusqu'à une tranchée où ils resteront plusieurs semaines. Superstitieux, le commandant noue à leurs poignets un bracelet orné de l'archange saint Michel : il se veut rassurant : « C'est notre guerre électronique à nous, pour les protéger des drones. » Mais les mains des deux soldats tremblent sur leurs kalachnikovs. Ils soufflent, le regard vide, le visage déformé par l'effroi. « Davaï, davaï ! » Il faut partir. On saute dans un pick-up, pied au plancher. Pas question de traîner dans la « kill zone » : villages détruits, carcasses de voitures, station-service calcinée. Pas une âme qui vive. Les voitures s'arrêtent brutalement… « FPV » Nous courrons nous mettre à l'abri dans une masure abandonnée. Les lignes russes ne sont plus qu'à quelques kilomètres. Tatar nous prévient : des Jdouns, ces drones à fibre optique embusqués au bord de la route, ont été repérés. L'un d'eux a explosé cinq minutes avant notre passage. Notre pick-up s'arrête là. Les deux fantassins repartent sur un quad. Commence alors une interminable attente, dans le silence, ponctuée par les tirs d'artillerie. Trois jours pour ramener les blessés Un tir ami croit savoir Tatar. À l'abri dans notre cabane, les yeux ne quittent pas l'écran du Tchouïka qui capte la fréquence des drones ennemis et nous annonce leur présence. Ils sont plusieurs à tournoyer dans les airs à la recherche de leur cible. Viking enchaîne les cigarettes, le regard inquiet rivé vers le ciel : « Encore un peu de patience. Les gars vont arriver avec les blessés et vous verrez dans quel état ils sont. Le plus difficile, c'est d'atteindre le point où les blessés sont ensuite pris en charge par le véhicule d'évacuation. Parce que jusque-là, il faut marcher. Et quand on est blessé, avec une jambe cassée, un bras cassé ou d'autres blessures, c'est extrêmement compliqué. » Le quad surgit enfin. En quelques secondes, le blessé est hissé à l'arrière du pick-up. Son œil gauche a disparu, à la place, une cavité noire et suintante. Ses jambes ne le portent plus. Son camarade, Vova, 55 ans, l'a traîné sur plusieurs kilomètres. Exténué, en état de choc, il raconte : « On avançait à quatre pattes, grâce aux antidouleurs. Je tirais le matériel. Mon camarade, lui aussi il rampait, mais le troisième était grièvement blessé, avec les intestins perforés. C'est lui que je tractais sur une couverture. Pendant deux jours j'ai tiré le corps d'un mort. Au total, il nous a fallu trois jours pour rejoindre nos lignes. » Trois jours pour sortir de l'enfer de la ligne zéro saturée par les drones, où ces hommes tiennent le front sud de l'Ukraine.

Im Berliner Zoo gibt es einen neuen Star: Das Zwergflusspferd-Baby trägt den außergewöhnlichen Namen „Brötchen“. Das bringt uns direkt auf die Frage: Wenn wir Tiere nach typisch Berliner Begriffen benennen würden, welche Namen würden dabei herauskommen? Von „Futschi“ bis zu anderen Berliner Klassikern wird schnell klar: Die Hauptstadt hat ihren ganz eigenen Sprachschatz. Aber wisst ihr eigentlich, was ein Futschi ist? Danach wird es kulinarisch. Wir sprechen über Gerichte, die wir lieben und über solche, die wir lieber stehen lassen. Tatar oder Hackfleisch? Schmorgurken – ja oder nein? Und was genau ist eigentlich Hackepeter? Wie so oft führt uns ein Thema zum nächsten. Gemeinsam werfen wir einen Blick auf die klassische Berliner und deutsche Küche. Eisbein, Königsberger Klopse, Leber, Hühnerfrikassee oder Steak au Four – vieles davon kennt heute kaum noch jemand oder landet nur noch selten auf dem Teller. Dabei stoßen wir auf traditionelle Gerichte und Zutaten, die selbst uns überraschen. Besonders nostalgisch wird es, als das Teltower Rübchen Jana direkt in ihre Jugend und Schülerpraktikum zurückversetzt. Und dann kommt ein Satz, den wahrscheinlich niemand hat kommen sehen: „Das Leben wird besser mit einer Knacker.“ Jana erklärt ihre große Liebe zur Knacker-Wurst, während wir außerdem klären, was Corned Beef eigentlich genau ist und welche klassischen Desserts früher selbstverständlich auf den Tisch kamen. Eine Folge voller Berliner Traditionen, kulinarischer Erinnerungen, regionaler Spezialitäten und jeder Menge Genuss mit einer ordentlichen Portion Humor.

Professor Donald Rayfield picks up Crimea's story in spring 1942, when Germany turns south for the Black Sea and oil. Some Tartars can't imagine anyone worse than Stalin. Some can't imagine anyone worse than Hitler. Tragically, they are both right though in different ways.Donald explains the realities of the German occupation, from the early “orderly” phase to the arrival of SS units whose mission is extermination of the Jews. Astonishingly some Jews are spared as the ever 'scientific' Nazis rule they are not Jews at all. Then comes one of the great crimes of world history. Stalin decides to deport the entire Crimean Tatar nation to Central Asia. Donald tells the story of the cattle trains, the scale of death and the uncertain welcome for survivors in Uzbekistan. Crimea itself is stripped of Tatar presence through renamed towns and seized homes. We bring things up to date with the 1990s return and the brief cultural revival under Ukraine . But the post-2014 Russian annexation brings renewed repression. As Donald says 'History can always get worse'. It is a fascinating episode.

Hayal Sohbetleri'nin bu bölümünde konuğum; edebiyatı sahneden, sınıftan ve gündelik hayatın içinden yeniden anlatan yazar, eğitimci ve anlatıcı Mehmet Cemil. Instagramı: https://www.instagram.com/mehmettcemil/Türk Dili ve Edebiyatı eğitiminin ardından edebiyat ve sanat eğitimi üzerine uzmanlaşan Mehmet Cemil; pek çok öğrencinin okumak istediği okullarda dersler verdi. İngiltere'de misafir eğitmen olarak bulundu ve son yıllarda binlerce kişiyi edebiyatla buluşturan “Edebiyat Suareleri” ile geniş bir kitleye ulaştı. Sahne performansları, atölyeleri ve anlatılarıyla edebiyatı yalnızca okunacak değil, deneyimlenecek bir şey olarak yeniden düşünmemizi sağlıyor.Yakın zamanda çıkan kitabı “Uzun Yol Hikayeleri” ile edebiyatın ve yolun iyileştirici gücüne odaklanıyor.Kitabını almak için tıklayın: https://www.kitapyurdu.com/kitap/uzun-yol-defterleri/753281.html?srsltid=AfmBOopO01WGPnND7BS5MoT3q7Xi5I7uGabTBcqACYbE5sBxy2P3oRUz Bu bölümde onunla hayalleri, hikâyelerin hayatımızdaki yerini, üretmeyi, edebiyatı ve insanın kendini kurma yolculuğunu konuşuyoruz.❤️ Bölüm Nish Solutions'ta çekildi. Nish Solutions'ın tasarım ürün ve vintage koleksiyonlarını keşfetmek için sitesini ziyaret edebilirsiniz. https://www.nishsolutions.online/Bölüm Akışı:01:30 Hayali nasıl tanımlıyor?04:30 Hayal ve hedef arasındaki fark07:10 Hızlandığımız dünyada kendi başına kalmak08:34 Beyin obezitesi nedir?12:50 83 yaşında kadının hayal kasını geliştirmesi15:30 Hayal kırıklığı yaşayıp pes edenler...18:00 Mehmet'in yola çıkmasının nedeni24:10 Hayal Kurmak isteyenler için 3 önerisi25:10 Tatar Çölü, Dino Buzzati 29:40 Hayalin verimliliği31:40 Bölümü dinleyenler hangi soruyla ayrılsınlar?33:00 Son bir not

When the world's most famous dancer offered a young sailor a job as his assistant, Blue Robinson thought it was a joke at first. But what followed was the most fascinating and formative year of Blue's life.Simon 'Blue' Robinson grew up sailing and playing rugby on the idyllic island of Jersey, between England and France.In his 20s, he went further a field, first to London and then Blue started working on yachts sailing around the Caribbean.One evening at a restaurant in St Barts, Blue spotted a man whose face he recognised, and invited him on board the yacht the next day.That man was Rudolf Nureyev, hugely famous for his talents as a ballet dancer, his volatile temper, and for defecting from the Soviet Union.Nureyev took an immediate liking to Blue and spontaneously offered him a job as his assistant.The two next met months later, when Blue found himself side stage in Cleveland, Ohio, helping the legendary dancer undress, and preparing him a thermos of hot tea.This began an extraordinary and transformative year for Blue as the assistant, dresser, masseur, driver, cook, and trusted confidante of history's most iconic and legendary male ballet dancer.Blue's book, A Year with Rudolf Nureyev, is currently being turned into an audio book.He is still working as a writer, helping people write their private memoirs.This episode of Conversations was produced by Meggie Morris. Executive Producer is Eliza Kirsch.It explores ballet, Russia, USA, famous people, the secret lives of celebrities, Tatar, Red Army, Margot Fonteyn, classical dancing, defection, Soviet Union, USSR, The Royal Ballet, HIV-AIDS, health, decline, homosexuality in the 20th century, caring for sick people, carers, memoir, writing books, biography, boats, super yachts, below deck, sexual health, queer icons, STI, first jobs, amazing jobs.To binge even more great episodes of the Conversations podcast with Richard Fidler and Sarah Kanowski go the ABC listen app (Australia) or wherever you get your podcasts. There you'll find hundreds of the best thought-provoking interviews with authors, writers, artists, politicians, psychologists, musicians, and celebrities.

Varoluşçu edebiyatın köşe taşlarından biri olarak kabul edilen, İtalyan yazar Dino Buzzati'nin başyapıtı Tatar Çölü ‘ben okurum'un masasına yatırılıyor sonunda. Kitapları ve youtube söyleşileriyle çeşitli alanlarda, geniş bir perspektiften bakarak yazan ve düşünen Yalın Alpay'ın, Deniz Yüce Başarır'ın kitapla ve kendi hikayesiyle ilgili sorularını yanıtladığı bölümde, beklemek, umut etmek, atalet, hayatın uçuculuğu gibi kavramlar üzerinden yaşamak denilen sanat hakkında konuşuluyor. Ve romanın etkileyici satırları da Başarır'ın sesinden bu sohbete eşlik ediyor. 

Mrskačka, šlehačka, hodovačka, karabáč, tatar, žíla, mrskut, dynovačka…Ttradičních názvů pro velikonoční pomlázku jsou desítky.

Mrskačka, šlehačka, hodovačka, karabáč, tatar, žíla, mrskut, dynovačka…Ttradičních názvů pro velikonoční pomlázku jsou desítky.Všechny díly podcastu Radioporadna můžete pohodlně poslouchat v mobilní aplikaci mujRozhlas pro Android a iOS nebo na webu mujRozhlas.cz.

Kadir Has Üniversitesi'nde öğretim üyesi olan Dr. Doruk Tatar, lisans eğitimini Boğaziçi Üniversitesi Siyaset Bilimi ve Uluslararası İlişkiler Bölümü'nde, yüksek lisansını Sabancı Üniversitesi Kültürel Çalışmalar Programı'nda tamamlamıştır. Doktora derecesini aldığı Buffalo New York Eyalet Üniversitesi Karşılaştırmalı Edebiyat Bölümü'ndeki tezi, psikanaliz, estetik-politik teori ve polisiye/casusiye edebiyatı üzerine odaklanmıştır. Araştırma alanları arasında kıta felsefesi, eleştirel teori, psikanaliz, siyaset kuramı ve kültürel çalışmalar yer almaktadır. Edebiyat ve kültür alanındaki yazıları Birikim, 221B, Episode, IstanbuLab, BÜMED, Corpus, Vesaire ve Afiş gibi dergilerde yayımlanmıştır. Eylül 2025'ten bu yana “Psikanaliz Marksizmle Buluşursa” başlıklı oturum serisini sürdürmektedir. Dr. Tatar, ayrıca Bilim ve Edebiyat Eseri Sahipleri Meslek Birliği'nin (BESAM) Yönetim Kurulu Başkanı olarak görev yapmaktadır.

Uderzenie militarne Stanów Zjednoczonych i Izraela na Iran, wielowiekowa obecności Tatarów na terenie Polski, nagrodach magazynu Nowa Fantastyka dla autorów najlepszych opowiadań oraz spotkanie z Krzysztofem Hoffmannem, szefem Fundacji „Znaki pamięci”.

Siatka rosyjskich szpiegów rozbita wspólnie przez służby ukraińskie i mołdawskie. 12 rocznica demonstracji Tatarów krymskich w Symferopoolu. Brak wiz USA dla członków białoruskiej delegacji. 

Dzisiejszy program rozpoczynamy od podsumujemy najważniejsze wydarzenia tygodnia; następnie skomentujemy oficjalne zakończenie udziału Polski w konwencji ottawskiej. Co to oznacza dla naszego bezpieczeństwa? W stolicy po raz 11. odbyło się Dyplomatyczne Otwarcie Roku - spotkanie biznesu i dyplomacji, a o kulisach opowie prezes Marek Kłoczko. Poznamy też Tatarów w Polsce - ich tradycje, religię i historię. Gościem jest Jan Adamowicz, prezes Związku Tatarów Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej. Na koniec zabierzemy Was do Japonii - wystawa „Polonia” w Muzeum Sztuki Prefektury Shiga i artystyczna reinterpretacja Mari Skłodowskiej-Curie z kuratorem Pawłem Pachciarkiem. Zapraszamy!

Was auf einem burgenländischen Acker im Regen begann, wurde zum größten Rockfestival Österreichs: Ewald Tatar erzählt, wie das erste Nova Rock kurz vor dem Abbruch stand, warum Stroh die Rettung war und wie aus einer fast gescheiterten Idee eine internationale Erfolgsgeschichte wurde.   Er spricht offen über schlaflose Nächte, den Verlust von 34 Millionen Euro durch den Commerzialbank-Crash, die Absage des Taylor-Swift-Konzerts und warum Glück, Bauchgefühl und Demut seine wichtigsten Erfolgsfaktoren sind.   Ein Gespräch über Risiko, Verantwortung und die Kunst, auch im größten Chaos weiterzumachen. #tunein

Bu bölümde Emin ve Ömer'in Lenur ile sohbeti kaldığı yerden devam ediyor. Kırım mutfağının öne çıkan lezzetlerinden yola çıkıyorlar, Lenur'un Türkiye seyahatindeki deneyimlerinden bahsediyorlar. Yemekler üzerinden kültürel benzerlikleri ve farkları konuşurken, Türkiye'de bir Kırım Tatarı olarak karşılaştığı önyargıları da samimi bir şekilde ele alıyorlar. Gündelik deneyimler, sürpriz gözlemler ve tanıdık tatlar eşliğinde keyifli bir sohbet sizleri bekliyor.

Bu bölümde Emin ve Ömer'e Kırım'dan Lenur Vacip, namıdiğer ‘seyahatdelisi' (https://www.instagram.com/seyahat_delisi_/) konuk oluyor. Kırım Tatarı olmak nasıl bir kimlik, Kırım'da anadil ne kadar korunabiliyor ve Kırım Tatarcası Türkçeye gerçekten benziyor mu? Lenur hem kendi deneyimleri hem de kültürel arka planıyla bize Kırım'ın görünmeyen yüzünü anlattı. Türkiye'de yaşayan Kırım Tatarları, göçler ve kültürel bağlar üzerine de duruyoruz. Dil, kimlik ve kültür üzerine yaptığımız bu sohbeti kaçırmayın. Interactive Transcript and Vocab Helper Support Easy Turkish and get interactive transcripts and live vocabulary for all our episodes: easyturkish.fm/membership Show Notes Lenur Vacip'in Instagram hesabını buradan ziyaret edebilirsiniz.

He was a soldier from Byzantium, one of the defenders of Smolensk when it was besieged by the Tatars in 1238. One day the Mother of God appeared to Mercurius and told him that the Tatars were preparing a surprise attack — and, further, that he must take up arms and attack the enemy singlehandedly. Placing all his trust in God, the lone soldier threw himself against the Tatar host crying 'Most Holy Mother of God, help me!' He was quickly surrounded and cut down, and it appeared that his action had been as foolhardy as it had seemed, when a woman at the head of a glorious host, all of them surrounded by light, appeared and threw back the Tatar army. The next morning the people of Smolensk found the ground covered with the bodies of their enemies. They buried Mercurius in the Cathedral, where he has been venerated as a Martyr ever since.

He was a soldier from Byzantium, one of the defenders of Smolensk when it was besieged by the Tatars in 1238. One day the Mother of God appeared to Mercurius and told him that the Tatars were preparing a surprise attack — and, further, that he must take up arms and attack the enemy singlehandedly. Placing all his trust in God, the lone soldier threw himself against the Tatar host crying 'Most Holy Mother of God, help me!' He was quickly surrounded and cut down, and it appeared that his action had been as foolhardy as it had seemed, when a woman at the head of a glorious host, all of them surrounded by light, appeared and threw back the Tatar army. The next morning the people of Smolensk found the ground covered with the bodies of their enemies. They buried Mercurius in the Cathedral, where he has been venerated as a Martyr ever since.

Russian propaganda claims that Ukraine is not a separate nation, but merely a “preliminary form” of Russia. Today's Kremlin ideology seeks to annex Ukrainian history in order to justify its territorial aggression. But this myth has a birth certificate. It emerged in the 19th century, when the Russian Empire started inventing its “ancient” medieval roots. Before that, Russian travellers in Ukrainian lands showed little interest in such historical questions. In this episode, we trace the genealogy of the myth that Kyiv is a “Russian city” and that its history somehow belongs to Muscovy. *** Explaining Ukraine is a podcast by UkraineWorld, an English-language media platform about Ukraine, run by Internews Ukraine. Host: Volodymyr Yermolenko, a Ukrainian philosopher, editor-in-chief of UkraineWorld, and president of PEN Ukraine. Listen on various platforms: https://li.sten.to/explaining-ukraine UkraineWorld: https://ukraineworld.org/en *** Guest: Kateryna Dysa, a Ukrainian historian and Associate Professor at Kyiv-Mohyla Academy. She has been a visiting fellow at Harvard, Stanford, Paris, and Oxford, and a visiting professor at the University of Basel. Currently, she is researching how the image of Kyiv was constructed in travel literature from the late eighteenth to early twentieth centuries. *** SUPPORT: You can support our work on https://www.patreon.com/c/ukraineworld Your help is crucial, as we rely heavily on crowdfunding. You can also contribute to our volunteer missions to frontline areas in Ukraine, where we deliver aid to both soldiers and civilians. Donations are welcome via PayPal at: ukraine.resisting@gmail.com. *** CONTENTS: 00:00 Kateryna Dysa, a Ukrainian historian and associate professor at Kyiv-Mohyla Academy. 00:15 Where and when did the myth of Kyiv belonging to Moscow actually begin? 02:05 How did 18th-century Russian travelers initially view Kyiv, and why was their interest superficial? 04:05 How did the rise of history as a discipline change Russia's perception of Kyiv? 12:17 Why did the French philosopher Madame de Staël describe Kyiv as a "semi-Tatar" or nomadic place? 15:17 What were the two extreme ways Westerners described Kyiv? 21:04 When did the annexation of the past become an "aggressive policy" and a part of Russian imperial ideology? 35:03 Why were Russian travelers unwilling to communicate with locals, stressing that Ukrainians were "the other"? 38:07 Why did Russian travelers consistently feel "not at home" in a place the Empire claimed as its "cradle"? 39:16 What aspects of Kyiv's social and cultural history in the 19th century still remain "understudied"? *** This episode is made in partnership with Kyiv-Mohyla Academy and under the framework of the project “HER-UKR: Challenges and opportunities for EU heritage diplomacy in Ukraine”, co-funded by the EU within the ERASMUS+ Jean Monnet Policy Debate action.

durée : 01:04:46 - Les Nuits de France Culture - par : Albane Penaranda - En 1952, cette évocation de la vie du peintre Maurice Utrillo, de sa mère Suzanne Valadon et du Montmartre des artistes, nous permet d'entendre des témoignages précieux : d'Utrillo lui-même, mais aussi de Gazi le Tatar, Lucie Valore et Francis Carco, auxquels se mêlent des chansons et des lectures. - réalisation : Rafik Zénine

1) La dague en " fer venu du ciel " du jeune pharaon Toutankhamon dévoile ses derniers mystères Un poignard venu de lʹespace dans la tombe de Toutankhamon? Cʹest lʹune des trouvailles fascinantes faites en 1922 par Howard Carter. Forgée à partir de fer météoritique, la lame de la dague du jeune souverain intrigue les scientifiques depuis un siècle. Grâce aux analyses modernes, notamment la spectrométrie de fluorescence des rayons X, les chercheurs confirment aujourd'hui son origine. 2) Prise en charge des patientes et patients en situation d'obésité Alors que lʹobésité est grandissante dans le monde comme en Suisse, les hôpitaux dʹadaptent pour mieux prendre en charge les personnes concernées lors des interventions chirurgicales. Dimitri Glauser, infirmier praticien spécialisé au centre de lʹobésité du CHUV et Stella Mantziari, chirurgienne au Service de chirurgie viscérale du CHUV nous éclairent sur la manière dʹaccueillir au mieux les personnes en situation d'obésité. 3) Le petit cheval tatar Le petit cheval tatar, publié aux éditions La Baconnière, dernier roman de la romancière franco-suisse Corinne Desarzens, nous emmène en voyage autour du globe oculaire, de lʹAntiquité à nos jours. Histoire de lʹophtalmologie, mais aussi des pages sur les conquérants qui ne veulent pas être représentés avec des lunettes ou la déficience visuelle de certains peintres impressionnistes…

          Episode Description Episode Description Episode Description         Sign up to receive this Unreached of the Day podcast sent to you:                         https://joshuaproject.net/people_groups/13962                           Dear Friend, The Batak people of North Sumatra didn't have a written language until 1834. Today, they're one of the largest Christian populations in Indonesia, with over 6 million believers. The transformation happened because someone, a German missionary named Ludwig Nommensen, decided their spiritual poverty was unacceptable. That was 190 years ago. Today, 4,473 people groups are still waiting for their Ludwig Nommensen moment. The People Group Adoption Program launches today, and here's how it works: It meets you where you are. You're not being asked to become a missionary in the field (though if God calls you to that, we'll cheer you on). You're being invited to use your current gifts, prayer, advocacy, networking, research to support those who are already called to go. It's strategic. Every people group in our database has been vetted by researchers and field workers. These aren't randomly selected communities. They're the 100 largest frontier people groups, the populations with the least gospel access and the greatest potential for kingdom impact. It grows with your capacity. Whether you're adopting as a family, church, or organization, the commitment adjusts to what you can offer. Some will pray weekly. Others will fund translation projects. A few will end up moving to the field. All contributions matter. When you adopt a people group today, you'll receive: Immediate next steps for your specific adopted group A digital covenant card to mark your commitment Information about your frontier people group Regular updates as we develop more resources and connections Beyond the practical resources, you'll receive something harder to quantify: the knowledge that you're part of a strategic response to the most urgent spiritual need on our planet. The Batak people have been sending missionaries to unreached groups for decades now. Their story didn't end with their own transformation; it multiplied exponentially.

In this episode of the Award-winning PRS Journal Club Podcast, 2025 Resident Ambassadors to the PRS Editorial Board – Christopher Kalmar, Ilana Margulies, and Amanda Sergesketter- and special guest, David Stepien, MD, discuss the following articles from the October 2025 issue: “The Influence of the Pitanguy Ligament on the Supratip Break Point in Open Rhinoplasty” by Şirinoğlu, Güvercin, Tatar, and Gence. Read the article for FREE: https://bit.ly/PitanguyInfluence Special guest, David Stepien, MD, is currently an Assistant Professor of Plastic Surgery at Duke University, where he performs both aesthetic and reconstructive surgery focusing primarily on facial rejuvenation, rhinoplasty, and aesthetic breast surgery. He obtained his MD and his PhD from Boston University, followed by integrated plastic surgery residency at the University of Michigan and aesthetic surgery fellowship at The Aesthetic Surgery Fellowship of Los Angeles. READ the articles discussed in this podcast as well as free related content: https://bit.ly/JCOct25Collection The views expressed by hosts and guests are their own and do not necessarily reflect the official policies or positions of ASPS.

The world's attention will be on New York later this month, as world leaders prepare for the UN General Assembly. The Cyprus problem - one of the longest standing issues before the UN - will also be on the agenda, with UN Secretary General Antonio Guterres scheduled to meet with President Nikos Christodoulides and Turkish Cypriot leader Ersin Tatar. In a slightly different approach to the issue, Michael Rubin, who joins Thanos Davelis, explains that the US has enabled Turkey's occupation in Cyprus by granting Tatar - the illegitimate leader of an illegitimate state - a visa to attend the UNGA, and breaks down how it can correct course.Michael Rubin is a senior fellow at the American Enterprise Institute and director of policy analysis at the Middle East Forum.You can read the articles we discuss on our podcast here:Rubio Should Correct Course on Turkish Occupation of CyprusShould the Foreign Missions Travel Controls Program Extend to Turkey?US targets China's grip on global ports in sweeping maritime missionGreece stages military exercise in Aegean after Turkish survey warningAnkara halts ship, Athens on alert

Wybierz swojego ulubionego władcę w Rankingu Królów Polski! Zagłosuj na stronie https://ranking.muzhp.pl/Ambitny Jan Olbracht toczył wojny już jako królewski namiestnik na Rusi. Nie tylko pokonał Tatarów na południowo-wschodnich rubieżach Wielkiego Księstwa Litewskiego, ale także stworzył struktury obrony potocznej mającej zabezpieczyć Księstwo od tatarskich inkursji. Mimo swego bezwzględnego usposobienia, cieszył się popularnością wśród szlachty. Otworzyło mu drogę do polskiego tronu po śmierci ojca Kazimierza Jagiellończyka. Czy jako król zaczął reformować państwo? Czym był statut piotrowski? Dlaczego wspierał szlachtę kosztem magnaterii i chłopstwa? Jana Olbrachta kojarzymy z tragiczną w skutkach wyprawą do Mołdawii. Sromotna porażka armii koronnej w bitwie pod Koźminem zaowocowała powiedzeniem „za króla Olbrachta wyginęła szlachta”. Czy słusznie?O tym wszystkim w Podcaście Muzeum Historii Polski z serii Inne historie Polski. Rozmawiają Cezary Korycki i jego gość, prof. Hieronim Grala z Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego. Podcast zrealizowano w ramach zadania: kontynuacja i rozbudowa multimedialnego projektu informacyjno-edukacyjnego - Portal Historyczny Dzieje.pl

In today's episode, President Nikos Christodoulides vowed that arrests of individuals accused of usurping Greek Cypriot-owned property in northern Cyprus “will certainly not stop, no matter what Tatar says.” Elsewhere, a new audit report has revealed financial irregularities among all seven political parties represented in Cyprus' parliament during the 2016–2021 term.Also, Government spokesman Konstantinos Letymbiotis dismissed accusations that President Nikos Christodoulides used the presidential jet for a domestic flight between Larnaca and Paphos as “ridiculous” and “a joke.”All this and more in today's Daily News Briefing brought to you by the Cyprus Mail.

W 216 wydaniu podcastu "Czytamy po rosyjsku" Bartosz Gołąbek mówi o klimacie negocjacji Rosji z Ukrainą w Stambule, prześladowaniach Tatarów na Krymie i wywłaszczeniach Ukraińców na anektowanym półwyspie oraz sprawie wydawców, którzy ośmielili się drukować w Rosji książki z opisującymi życie społeczności LGBTQ+. Źródła: https://istories.media/news/2025/05/16/gotovi-voevat-vechno-zavershilsya-pervii-raund-peregovorov-rossii-i-ukraini-glavnoe/ https://veter.info/posts/d9PLqOdtaHbhttps://www.svoboda.org/a/vashi-kvartiry-prodany-kak-v-krymu-otbirayut-imuschestvo-ukraintsev/33416815.html https://meduza.io/feature/2025/05/17/desyat-romanov-iz-za-kotoryh-nachalos-delo-knigoizdateleySkarbonka Spraw Wschodu: ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠https://buycoffee.to/sprawywschoduPatronite⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠:⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠ https://patronite.pl/sprawywschoduInstagram: https://www.instagram.com/sprawywschoduFacebook: https://www.facebook.com/SprawyWschodu

Victoria was never meant to come to Colombia, in fact, had things gone according to plan she would be in China right now. But, fate had a different path in mind for this native of a small town near to the city of Perm in Siberia, Russia. And so, on this week's Colombia Calling podcast, we hear from a Tatar far from her birthplace near to the Ural Mountains and find out how she ended up in the town of Tabio, 45km north of Bogota. Our conversation takes in her life as a language teacher (English, German and Russian), her arrival in Colombia, her beginner mistakes upon arriving in Colombia, life hacks that we all need here, her cultural adaptation, family traditions, body positivity in Colombia, love and relationships and her life now. Tune in to hear from someone who has truly embraced a new life in Colombia in what is an incredibly upbeat and positive episode of the Colombia Calling podcast. And if you fancy some language classes, check out: @tabiunarusa on Instagram.

TÜRK MİSAFİRPERVERLİĞİ Sizlere Ord. Prof. Dr. Anna Masala'nın kendi ağzından Türk mutfağını ve Türk misafirperverliğini anlattığı bir anısını aktarmak istiyorum: “Yanlış hatırlamıyorsam tanıdığım bütün Türklerin evinde yemek yedim. Konya'da Selçuklu yemeği, Eskişehir'de Tatar yemeği yedim. Zenginlerin ve fakirlerin evinde kahvaltı ettim, öğle ve akşam yemekleri yedim. Bazen birbirleriyle aynı günde evlerine davet eden dostları kırmamak için üç kez akşam yemeği yediğim bile oldu. Türkiye'de misafirperverlik anlayışı çok farklıdır. Anadolu'da en fakir köylü bile tek tavuğunu misafiri için keser ve ona yedirir. Ben, dünyanın en iyi mutfaklarından biri olan Türk mutfağını ve Türk sofrasını çok severim. Her sofra bir gökkuşağı gibidir: altın renkli börekler, gümüş baklalar, yeşil kırmızı çoban salataları, beyaz peynirler, her çeşit et yemeği, imam bayıldı, pilavlar, fasulye, tarhana ve tatlılar... Bir kere Prof. Ziya Umur, Suha Umur ve eşleriyle birlikte Prof. Sahir Erman'ın misafiri oldum. Büyük bir otelin lokantasındaydık. Yemek çeşitleri gerçekten kırk bir miydi bilmem ama çok çeşitli vardı. O akşam “imam bayıldı” veya “hünkarbeğendi” gibi yemek adlarının anlamını çözdüm. Her birimiz için içinde gül yaprakları olan bir tasla ılık su ve muhteşem sıcak peçeteler geldi. Otel, o akşam gözümde âdeta bir Osmanlı sarayına dönüşüverdi. Türk misafirperverliği sadece yemeğe dayanmaz; sanırım sadece Türkiye'de “diş kirası” âdeti vardır. Yani misafirlere ev sahibi tarafından bir hediye verilir. Eski dönemlerde büyükler misafirlere altın para hediye ederlermiş. Şunu bilmelisiniz ki bir Türk'ün misafiri olursanız ondan mutlaka bir hediye alırsınız. Mesela bana, boncuklar, bilezikler, yemeniler, kıymetli kitaplar, el işçiliği tabaklar, gümüş bir ayna ve daha birçok güzel hediye verildi. Anadolu'da bazı köylerde misafir odalarında, işlemeli divanlar, yastıklar ve renk renk halılar arasında uyuduğum da olmuştur. Halının üzerinde bir tepsi, tepside çay, meyve ve fıstık görüntüsü unutamadığım anlar­dandır. Sabah erken saatte, namaz vaktinde, küçücük bir minareden gelen ezan sesleriyle ev halkı uyanır ve kahvaltı edilirdi. O köy evi de bir saray oluverirdi.

KKTC Cumhurbaşkanı Ersin Tatar'ın öncülüğünde şekillenen siyasal çizgi, iki devletli çözüm paradigması etrafında konumlanmakta; Türkiye ile stratejik entegrasyonu korurken, Kıbrıs Türk halkının siyasal özerkliğini muhafaza etme çabası gütmektedir. Yazan: İhsan Aktaş Seslendiren: Halil İbrahim Ciğer

Leyla Latypova is a journalist covering politics and civil society in Russia's regions and ethnic republics for The Moscow Times. As an ethnic Tatar hailing from the Republic of Bashkortostan, she is deeply passionate about advancing and protecting the rights of Russia's non-Slavic indigenous communities and ethnic minorities through her scholarly and journalistic work, as well as public engagements. OTHER VIDEOS: https://youtu.be/UDEgE_BHQV8----------LINKS: https://fromtherepublics.com/https://www.themoscowtimes.com/2025/03/19/for-russias-regional-journalism-rferls-closure-a-catastrophe-a88399https://twitter.com/LatypovaLeylahttps://www.themoscowtimes.com/author/leyla-latypovahttps://newlinesinstitute.org/people/leyla-latypova/https://foreignpolicy.com/author/leyla-latypova/----------Easter Pysanky: Silicon Curtain - https://car4ukraine.com/campaigns/easter-pysanky-silicon-curtainCar for Ukraine has joined forces with a group of influencers, creators, and news observers during this special Easter season. In peaceful times, we might gift a basket of pysanky (hand-painted eggs), but now, we aim to deliver a basket of trucks to our warriors.This time, our main focus is on the Seraphims of the 104th Brigade and Chimera of HUR (Main Directorate of Intelligence), highly effective units that: - disrupt enemy logistics - detect and strike command centers - carry out precision operations against high-value enemy targetshttps://car4ukraine.com/campaigns/easter-pysanky-silicon-curtain----------SILICON CURTAIN LIVE EVENTS - FUNDRAISER CAMPAIGN Events in 2025 - Advocacy for a Ukrainian victory with Silicon Curtainhttps://buymeacoffee.com/siliconcurtain/extrasOur first live events this year in Lviv and Kyiv were a huge success. Now we need to maintain this momentum, and change the tide towards a Ukrainian victory. The Silicon Curtain Roadshow is an ambitious campaign to run a minimum of 12 events in 2025, and potentially many more. We may add more venues to the program, depending on the success of the fundraising campaign. https://buymeacoffee.com/siliconcurtain/extrasWe need to scale up our support for Ukraine, and these events are designed to have a major impact. Your support in making it happen is greatly appreciated. All events will be recorded professionally and published for free on the Silicon Curtain channel. Where possible, we will also live-stream events.https://buymeacoffee.com/siliconcurtain/extras----------SUPPORT THE CHANNEL:https://www.buymeacoffee.com/siliconcurtainhttps://www.patreon.com/siliconcurtain----------TRUSTED CHARITIES ON THE GROUND:Save Ukrainehttps://www.saveukraineua.org/Superhumans - Hospital for war traumashttps://superhumans.com/en/UNBROKEN - Treatment. Prosthesis. Rehabilitation for Ukrainians in Ukrainehttps://unbroken.org.ua/Come Back Alivehttps://savelife.in.ua/en/Chefs For Ukraine - World Central Kitchenhttps://wck.org/relief/activation-chefs-for-ukraineUNITED24 - An initiative of President Zelenskyyhttps://u24.gov.ua/Serhiy Prytula Charity Foundationhttps://prytulafoundation.orgNGO “Herojam Slava”https://heroiamslava.org/kharpp - Reconstruction project supporting communities in Kharkiv and Przemyślhttps://kharpp.com/NOR DOG Animal Rescuehttps://www.nor-dog.org/home/----------PLATFORMS:Twitter: https://twitter.com/CurtainSiliconInstagram: https://www.instagram.com/siliconcurtain/Podcast: https://open.spotify.com/show/4thRZj6NO7y93zG11JMtqmLinkedin: https://www.linkedin.com/in/finkjonathan/Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/siliconcurtain----------Welcome to the Silicon Curtain podcast. Please like and subscribe if you like the content we produce. It will really help to increase the popularity of our content in YouTube's algorithm. Our material is now being made available on popular podcasting platforms as well, such as Spotify and Apple Podcasts.

La música de las raíces de los pueblos, del pueblo, es de todos, de cualquiera, porque nace de las vivencias y sentimientos humanos, que son comunes, expresados en una infinita riqueza de matices y lenguajes. Por eso podemos disfrutar y emocionarnos con las músicas auténticas de las más variadas procedencias y culturas que siempre tratamos de mostrar en Mundofonías. En esta ocasión, nuevos discos nos llevan por sones húngaros, belgas, daneses, tártaros, finlandeses, noruegos, malteses, del África occidental con conexión australiana, del África oriental con conexión londinense y cubanos. The music rooted in the traditions of the peoples, of the people, belongs to everyone, to anyone, because it arises from human experiences and emotions, which are universal, expressed through an infinite wealth of nuances and languages. That’s why we can enjoy and be moved by the genuine music from the most diverse origins and cultures, which we always strive to highlight in Mundofonías. On this occasion, new albums take us through Hungarian, Belgian, Danish, Tatar, Finnish, Norwegian, Maltese, West African with Australian connection, East African with London connection, and Cuban tunes. - Tatros Együttes - Gajcsánai kezesek - Pillanat - The Ghent Folk Violin Project - Hypomnesia - Ogopogo - Dreamers Circus - Tretur - Handed on - Lӓysӓn Ensemble of Yafarovo Village - Estiplarda eget pechen chaba - Let's get together tonight: Mishar Tatar songs from Orenburg region - Anne-Mari Kivimäki - Halo - Kotiin - Egil Kalman / Hans Hulbækmo - Arythmetics - Unit of time - Benji Cachia - 10 beats later - Akshara - Mandeng Groove - Mamadou [+ Ba Cissoko] - Conakry - Fiston Lusambo - Beyo beyo - Kabila moja - Estrellas de Buena Vista - Son para mi abuelo - Live in Havana 📸 Tatros Efyüttes (Czentye Richárd)

W dzisiejszym odcinku podcastu z cyklu "Mniejszości w większości" Urszula Pieczek rozmawia z Różą Chazbijewicz, prezeską fundacji Tatarskie Towarzystwo Kulturalne, działaczką Związku Tatarów Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej oraz Muzułmańskiej Gminy Wyznaniowej w Kruszynianach. Jaką rolę odgrywają kobiety w społeczności Tatarów w Polsce? Jak to się dzieje, że dzięki ich wysiłkom liczba Tatarów w Polsce wzrasta? Współpraca w ramach projektu PULSE z Hotnews (Rumunia). Więcej podcastów na: https://wyborcza.pl/podcast. Piszcie do nas w każdej sprawie na: listy@wyborcza.pl.

As Russia-watchers, we know that Russia is not just Russian, or Russian Orthodox, but there is also a glib assumption that to be Muslim or otherwise a minority is to be depressed, repressed, and suppressed. So how to explain Tatarstan, one of the few regions where the titular nationality is a majority (54% Tatar, 54% Muslim), yet one which seems to work well enough within the Russian Federation?The podcast's corporate partner and sponsor is Conducttr, which provides software for innovative and immersive crisis exercises in hybrid warfare, counter-terrorism, civil affairs and similar situations.You can also follow my blog, In Moscow's Shadows, and become one of the podcast's supporting Patrons and gain question-asking rights and access to exclusive extra materials including the (almost-) weekly Govorit Moskva news briefing right here. Support the show

On today's program, The Fellowship's C.J. Burroughs shares a “Heroes of the Holocaust” story about a Tatar couple who took in two Jewish sisters who had escaped the Nazis.

The boys discuss major appliances, dentists, Tatar, Lazar & Devils that need to be way better. Should "Fitz" upgrade Mercer? Looking forward to the push post Four Nations. Simon Nemec.... This may be your time to shine.

W dzisiejszym odcinku podcastu "Mniejszości w większości" Urszula Pieczek rozmawia z Dżemilem Gembickim, opiekunem meczetu w Kruszynianach, o tradycji polskich Tatarów i o wyznawcach islamu w Polsce. W ciągu ostatnich kilkunastu lat mniejszość tatarska w Polsce zwiększyła się z 1800 do 5300 osób. Co się zmieniło, że Tatarów przybyło? Jaka jest historia ich pojawienia się na Podlasiu? Jak obecnie żyje się Tatarom w Polsce i w jaki sposób kultywują swoje tradycje? Jakie przed Tatarami stoją szanse rozwoju kultury, a co jest dla nich największym zagrożeniem? Współpraca w ramach projektu PULSE z Hotnews (Rumunia). Więcej podcastów na: https://wyborcza.pl/podcast. Piszcie do nas w każdej sprawie na: listy@wyborcza.pl.

Prime Minister Mitsotakis announced his pick for President of Greece last week, selecting New Democracy veteran Kostas Tasoulas. The decision is not only indicative of the direction Mitsotakis is looking to move in 2025, but it also sets the stage for a new political battleground between New Democracy and PASOK. Nick Malkoutzis, the co-founder and editor of Macropolis.gr, joins Thanos Davelis to help us read between the lines, breaking down what's at stake for the government and PASOK, while looking at broader global trends - from potential tariffs to Ukraine - and how they could impact Greece.You can read the articles we discuss on our podcast here:Presidential vote creates new battleground as ND and PASOK renew hostilitiesAs political landscape stabilizes, PASOK fears it may have hit its ceilingPoll gives New Democracy 12-point leadChristodoulides, Tatar fail to reach deal on new crossing pointsChevron expresses interest in Greek energy exploration

As the week progresses, the NYTimes crosswords get tougher, and here on a Friday, things can get really sticky. Today's was about a 7-8 out of 10 on the stickiness scale, but the cluing was still entertaining. We had 15D, John, in Portuguese, JOAO (ok, now we know); 32A, The symbol of America's first transcontinental railroad, THEGOLDENSPIKE;  and 46D, Member of the golden horde, TATAR. We also liked the joint appearance of 9D, Spanish 101 verb, SER, and 37D, French 101 verb, ETRE -- vive la différence!There are a scant 2 days left to get your entry in for our Triplet Tuesday Contest. Deets here, act now, operators are standing by!Show note imagery: DOLMA (48D, Dish whose name is Turkish for "stuffed")We love feedback! Send us a text...Contact Info:We love listener mail! Drop us a line, crosswordpodcast@icloud.com.Also, we're on FaceBook, so feel free to drop by there and strike up a conversation!

He was a soldier from Byzantium, one of the defenders of Smolensk when it was besieged by the Tatars in 1238. One day the Mother of God appeared to Mercurius and told him that the Tatars were preparing a surprise attack — and, further, that he must take up arms and attack the enemy singlehandedly. Placing all his trust in God, the lone soldier threw himself against the Tatar host crying 'Most Holy Mother of God, help me!' He was quickly surrounded and cut down, and it appeared that his action had been as foolhardy as it had seemed, when a woman at the head of a glorious host, all of them surrounded by light, appeared and threw back the Tatar army. The next morning the people of Smolensk found the ground covered with the bodies of their enemies. They buried Mercurius in the Cathedral, where he has been venerated as a Martyr ever since.

He was a soldier from Byzantium, one of the defenders of Smolensk when it was besieged by the Tatars in 1238. One day the Mother of God appeared to Mercurius and told him that the Tatars were preparing a surprise attack — and, further, that he must take up arms and attack the enemy singlehandedly. Placing all his trust in God, the lone soldier threw himself against the Tatar host crying 'Most Holy Mother of God, help me!' He was quickly surrounded and cut down, and it appeared that his action had been as foolhardy as it had seemed, when a woman at the head of a glorious host, all of them surrounded by light, appeared and threw back the Tatar army. The next morning the people of Smolensk found the ground covered with the bodies of their enemies. They buried Mercurius in the Cathedral, where he has been venerated as a Martyr ever since.

The Devils are division leaders after beating the Caps. Correspondent Craig Heist reports.

Brian Tatar of GI Stone discusses how he helps make projects more efficient and safer

Episode Description Episode Description Sign up to receive this Unreached of the Day podcast sent to you:  https://unreachedoftheday.org/resources/podcast/ People Group Summary: https://joshuaproject.net/people_groups/13962   PrayforZERO is a podcast Sponsor.         https://prayforzero.com/ Take your place in history! We could be the generation to translate God's Word into every language. YOUR prayers can make this happen.  Take your first step and sign the Prayer Wall to receive the weekly Pray For Zero Journal:  https://prayforzero.com/prayer-wall/#join Pray for the largest Frontier People Groups (FPG): Visit JoshuaProject.net/frontier#podcast provides links to podcast recordings of the prayer guide for the 31 largest FPGs.  Go31.org/FREE provides the printed prayer guide for the largest 31 FPGs along with resources to support those wanting to enlist others in prayer for FPGs

UN Secretary-General Antonio Guterres is set to hold talks with Cypriot President Nikos Christodoulides and Turkish Cypriot leader Ersin Tatar in New York next week, the latest push to kickstart stalled talks for a solution to the Cyprus problem. The talks come as Tatar and Turkish President Erdogan have been doubling down on their calls for a two-state solution, with Erdogan even calling for recognition of the pseudo-state at the UN General Assembly. Konstantinos Letymbiotis, the Government Spokesperson of the Republic of Cyprus, joins Thanos Davelis to discuss these upcoming talks, Turkey's intransigent positions, and how Cyprus' growing role in the region impacts negotiations.You can read the articles we discuss on our podcast here:UN chief to meet with Cypriot leaders in OctoberChristodoulides, Tatar informal dinner confirmedAnkara leveraging Halki bargaining chipCould Halki Seminary reopen soon?Greek Cypriot scientist Demis Hassabis wins Nobel Prize in chemistryNobel prize win for Greek Cypriot scientist

In a recent interview with Politico, President Christodoulides said “We cannot afford to wait for a new effort, a new initiative,” when talking about the Cyprus issue. At the same time, on the 50th anniversary of the Turkish invasion of Cyprus, Turkish President Erdogan and Turkish Cypriot leader Tatar doubled down on their hardline position in favor of a two state solution. Menelaos Menelaou, the Greek Cypriot Negotiator for the Cyprus Problem, joins Thanos Davelis to discuss whether there is still a window of opportunity for talks to resume even as Ankara seems to be shutting the door to a solution.You can read the articles we discuss on our podcast here:Cyprus eyes chance to run EU Mediterranean policy Erdoğan dashes hopes for resumption of Cyprus talks on invasion's 50th anniversaryCyprus rejects reports of airspace closure amid Middle East tensionsGoat plague scares Greek farmers still reeling from historic floods

Last time we spoke about the Mongolian Revolution of 1921. Mongolia found herself stuck between two crumbling empires who both were engulfed in brutal civil wars. Warlord Duan Qirui invaded Mongolia effectively making it a protectorate. This prompted Mongolian nobles to form resistance groups like the Consular Hill and East Urga to combat Chinese dominance. The merging of these groups birthed the Mongolian People's Party, seeking Soviet support for independence. Meanwhile, psychopath Roman von Ungern-Sternberg, claiming descent from Genghis Khan, emerged as a militaristic force, aligning with Russian Whites and Japanese interests to seize Mongolia. His brutal campaign ousted Chinese occupiers, restored the Bogd Khan to power, but brought tyranny, especially targeting Jews and Red Russians. The Mongolians were now seeking help, yet again from the Chinese, but someone else was looking to pick a fight with the megalomaniac Ungern-Sternberg. #102 The Case of Mongolia and Tibet's “status”   Welcome to the Fall and Rise of China Podcast, I am your dutiful host Craig Watson. But, before we start I want to also remind you this podcast is only made possible through the efforts of Kings and Generals over at Youtube. Perhaps you want to learn more about the history of Asia? Kings and Generals have an assortment of episodes on history of asia and much more  so go give them a look over on Youtube. So please subscribe to Kings and Generals over at Youtube and to continue helping us produce this content please check out www.patreon.com/kingsandgenerals. If you are still hungry for some more history related content, over on my channel, the Pacific War Channel where I cover the history of China and Japan from the 19th century until the end of the Pacific War. Last we left off, Ungern-Sternberg was having a merry time in Urga Mongolia. His secret police force led by Colonel Leonid Sipailov was hunting down all Reds and Jews he could find amongst the Russian colonial community of Mongolia. Although they never went after Mongols, they certainly were barbaric to their own. Its estimated Sipailov's goons killed nearly 900 people, roughly 6% of the Russian colonial population of Mongolia at the time. Of these over 50 were Jewish, representing 6% of those executed under Ungern-Sternbergs orders. Meanwhile Ungern-Sternberg continued to develop his Asiatic Cavalry Division, seeking to make it the base model for a future Mongolian national army. His division at this point was quite multicultural, consisting of Russians, Cossacks, Chinese, Japanese, Mongols, Buryats, Tatar, Tibetans and other groups. Ungern-Sternberg had crushed as many Red Russians as he could find, but they were not done for the count. A Mongolian Red leader emerged named Damdin Sukhbaatar. Sukhbaatar meaning “Axe Hero” in Mongolian was born in Ulaanbaatar, a Chinese trading settlement a few kms east of Ikh Khuree. His parents abandoned their home banner in Setsen Khan aimag when he was 6, as they moved to the Russian consulate. He then grew up around Russians, picking up the language. In 1911 when Mongolia declared independence, Sukhbaater joined the new national army. Russian military advisors to the Bogd Khan set up military academies at Khujirbulan in 1912 and Sukhbaatar found himself at one of them. He was shown to have a talent for military tactics and was good at riding and shooting. He quickly became a platoon leader of a machine gun company. In 1914 he found himself involved in a soldiers riot, they were discontent with corruption in the army and bad living conditions. He survived the ordeal and would soon serve under the command of Khatanbaatar Mahsarjav in Eastern Mongolia by 1917. That year sprang forth the Russian Revolution and China's Warlord Era, chaos would reign supreme. Soon Outer Mongolia was under Chinese occupation and this sprang forth two underground political parties, Consular Hill and East Urga group. By 1920 they united to form the Mongolian People's Party and Sukhbaatar found himself becoming a delegate sent multiple times to multiple places in the new Soviet Union seeking military assistance. In 1921 Sukhbaater was placed in charge of smuggling a letter from the Bogd Khan through numerous Chinese checkpoints. In a father of marco polo like fashion, he hid the letter in the handle of his whip and its found in a museum today in Ulaanbaater. Now the year prior the Soviet government stated they were willing to help Mongolia, but asked the delegates to explain to them how they planned to fight off the foreign invaders. In September numerous delegates were sent to Moscow, while Sukhaatar and Choubalsan took up a post in Irkutsk for military training and to be contacts between the Soviets and Mongolia.  Meanwhile back in Mongolia, Ungern-Sternberg began an occupation. Mongolian delegates Chagdarjav and Choibalsan rushed back to Mongolia to find allies amongst the nobles. On February 10th a plenary session of the Comintern in Irkutsk passed a formal resolution to “aid the struggle of the Mongolian people for liberation and independence with money, guns and military instructors" The Mongolian People's Party had thus gained significant military assistance and was now a serious contender in the battle for Mongolia. The party held its first congress secretly between March 1st-3rd at Kyakhta attended by 17 and 26 members. They approved the formation of an army, to be headed by Sukhbaatar alongside two Russian advisors. They also adopted a new party manifesto and by March 13th formed a provisional government headed by Dogsomyn Bodoo. Sukhbaatar had begun recruiting troops for what was called the Mongolian People's Partisans as early as February 9th. By the 15th of February the Mongolians decided to seize Khiagt currently under Chinese occupation. They sent an ultimatum to the Chinese, but their commanders refused to surrender. By March 18th, the Mongolian Partisans were 400 men strong as they stormed the Chinese garrison at Kyakhta Maimaicheng. They seized it from the Chinese, despite being heavily outnumbered and this greatly bolstered their confidence. To this day this victory is celebrated as a military holiday. The party issued a proclamation announcing the formation of a new government that would expel the Chinese and promised to convene a congress of representatives of the masses who would elect a permanent government.  The provisional government moved over to Khiagt where they established ministries of Finance, Foreign affairs and military. A propaganda war also emerged between the provisional government and the Bogd Khaan's court. The provisional government began spreading leaflets along the northern border urging Mongolians to take arms against White Russians while the Bogd Khaan's side issued warnings to the people the supposed revolutionaries were going to destroy their nation and their Buddhist faith with it. Meanwhile the Soviet Union was trying to re-establish diplomatic relations with the Chinese government. They had dispatched representatives to Beijing and the Chinese did the same in Moscow. Because of this delicate situation, the Soviets were trying to keep everything low key about the Mongolian movement. However in early 1921, the Chinese cut talks with the Soviets because of the mess Ungern-Sternberg was causing in Mongolia. The Soviets offered Red Army assistance to dislodge his forces from Mongolia, but the Chinese rejected this. Since talks were severed, the Soviets then felt ok to unrestrain themselves in terms of aiding the Mongolian revolutionaries. Throughout march of 1921, a flow of Soviet advisors and weapons came to the Mongolian revolutionaries. By April they doubled to 800 troops and they began sending spies and diversionary units throughout the region spreading propaganda and terror to weaken Ungern-Sternbergs forces. Once Ungern-Sternberg found out about the incursion he quickly assembled an expeditionary force to dislodge the hostile Red invaders. It seems Ungern-Sternberg was under the false belief he was a very popular figures and would receive support in Mongolia and from Siberia. Truth be told, he failed to strengthen his small army properly and would be outgunned and outnumbered heavily by the Reds. He also had no knowledge the Reds had already conquered Siberia and that the new Soviet government was beginning to make some economic progress.  Ungern-Sternberg divded his Asiatic Cavalry Division into two brigades, one was under his personal commander, the other under Major General Rezukhin. In May of 1921 Rezukhin launched a red west of the Selenga River while Ungern set out towards Troitskosavk. Meanwhile the Soviet Red Army sent units towards Mongolia from different directions. The Soviets enjoyed a enormous advantage in terms of pretty much everything. They had armored cars, minor aircraft, trains, river gunboats, plenty of horses, more ammunitions, supplies and man power. Initially Ungerns force managed to defeat a small detachment of 300 Red Army troops enroute to Troitskosavk. But Between June 11-13th the 35th Division of the Soviet 5th Red Army led by Commander Mikhail Matiyasevich alongside Mongolian People's Partisan forces decisively defeated him. Having failed to capture Troiskosavask, Ungern-Sternberg fled back for Urga, sending word to Rezukhin to do the same. The combined Red forces pursued the White Russians to Urga, skirmishing along the way and would capture the city on July 6th, brushing aside its few guard detachments. Although the Reds had seized Urga, they had not defeated the main bulk of Ungern-Sternbergs division who were then regrouping around Akha-gun-hure along the Selenga River. Meanwhile another Red Army led by Colonel Kazagrandi slaughtered a 350 man strong White Russian force stuck in the Gobi desert. Kazagrandi's forces ultimately accepted the surrender of two groups of White Russians they had managed to cut and divie, one being 42 men, the other 35. Chinese forces were also attacking White Russians remnants as they crossed the border. It is beleived some of these men were deserters of Ungern-Sternbergs division.  Ungern-Sternberg now cought to invade Transbaikal, attempting to rally his soldiers and local peoples proclaimed to all Semyonov had reached an agreement with the Japanese who were soon to unleash an offensive to support them. The reality however was the Japanese had given up on the White cause. After a few days of rest, the Asiatic Cavalry division began raiding Soviet territory on July 18th. His force was estimated to be perhaps 3000 strong. In response the Soviets declared martial law in regions where White remnants were raiding. Ungern-Sternbergs men managed to capture some minor settlements, one being Novoselenginsk that they took on August 1st. Yet upon taking this settlement, Red Army forces began to converge on his location, prompting Ungern-Sternberg to declare they would go back to Mongolia to rid it of communism again.  By this point, most of his men were not idiots, they knew they were following a doomed cause. Many of them sought to desert and flee for Manchuria to join up with Russian refugees there. Ungern-Sternberg meanwhile seemed to also have his own escape plan, he was going to head for Tuba and then Tibet. Men under both brigades began to mutiny and on August 17th, Rezukhin was assassinated. The next day the same assassins tried to kill Ungern-Sternberg. He managed to evade them twice, by fleeing with a smaller detachment consisting exclusively of Mongolians. The Mongols rode out a distance with him, before tying him up and leaving him there to flee. At this point the rest of his two brigades had scattered for this lives fleeing over the Chinese border. Ungern-Sternberg was captured on August 20th by a Red Army detachment led by Petr Efimovich Shchetinkin. Petr also happened to be a Cheka, this was a Soviet secret police organization that infamously conducted the Red Terror. Ironically, I think I can say this here, but I am currently writing a few series for KNG and one is on the Russian Civil War, I go through the formation of all these organizations, if you want to check that out though, I think its a KNG patreon exclusive for awhile. On September 15th of 1921, Ungern-Sternberg was put on trial for well over 6 hours, under the prosecution of Yemelyan Yaroslavsky. In the end he was sentenced to be executed by firing squad. He was killed that night in Novosibirsk. Thus ended the reign of quite a psychopath, gotta say written about many, this guy was something special.  Funny side note, historian John Jennings who worked at the US Air Force Academy argued Ungern-Sternberg ironically may have single handedly led Mongolia into the arms of the Bolsheviks. Ungern-Sternbergs expedition into Mongolia and conquest of Urga had driven out the Chinese forces who may have been a match for the incoming Red Army. Likewise, taking his white army into Mongolia basically drew the Reds to Mongolia to hunt him down, thus in the end some would argue its all his fault Mongolia became a Soviet satellite later on.  After Ungern-Sternbergs death and the mopping up of White armies in the region, the Soviets and Chinese reopened talks about the Mongolian situation. Unbeknownst to the Russians, China had actually appointed Zhang Zuolin to deal with the Ungern-Sternberg situation. Zhang Zuolin was supposed to create an expeditionary army to expel him from Mongolia. Yet by the time he was about to initiate the expedition, Red Army forces flooded the region making it a political nightmare for China. What ended up happening, similar to Colonel Kazagrandi's hunt of Red's in the Gobi desert, Zhang Zuolin hunted down Ungern-Sternbergs remnants as they fled into Manchuria. Thus when the talks began between the Russians and Chinese, the Chinese were emboldened, believing Zhang Zuolin had in fact cleaned up the entire situation on his lonesome and that they had the upper hand militarily. China came to the table stating Mongolia was still part of China and thus was not the subject of international negotiations. Meanwhile after Ungern-Sternberg was run out of Urga, the Mongolian People's Party proclaimed a new government on July 11th. Sukhbaatar became the minister of the army and Bogd Khan had his monarch powers limited to basically just being symbolic. It was a rough start for the new government. Dogsomyn Bodoo became the Prime Minister and Foreign Minister, but he immediately found himself at political war with Soliin Danzan. Danzan had lost his seat as party leader to Tseren-Ochiryn Dambadorj a relative to Bodoo. Danzan assumed Bodoo had helped his relative steal his seat. Danzan became the Minister of Finance and began engineering a scheme to get rid of Bodoo from his office.  Bodoo had initiated a very unpopular company, initially instigated by the Soviets. It was to modernize the peoples by forcibly cutting off feudal accessories, such as Mongolian feels, womens jewelry and long hair. Danzan accused Bodoo of plotting alongside another leading figure Ja Lama, the Chinese and Americans to undermine the entire revolution so they could establish an autocratic government. Ja Lama was a warlord who fought the Qing dynasty and claimed to be a Buddhist lama. When Ungern-Sternberg sent a delegation to Lhasa in 1920, Ja-Lama murdered all of them. Since Ungern-Sternbergs death, Ja Lama attempted to operate an independent government from a hideout, he was a bit of a loose cannon. There was also Dambyn Chagdarjav who was loosely linked to the supposed cabal. He was the provisional governments former prime minister when Unger-Sternberg was around. He was quickly outed and replaced with Bodoo, and it seems it was just convenient to toss him in with the accusations against Bodoo. On January 7th, of 1922 Bodoo resigned from all his positions in the government, stating it was because of health issues. This did not stop Danzan who laid charges against Bodoo, Chagdarjav, Ja Lama and 14 others, who were arrested and interrogated by Russian secret police working with the Mongolian government. They were all found guilty and executed by firing squad on August 31st 1922. They all would only be the firsts of a longer lasting purge raging through the 1920s and 1930s. Following the execution of Bodoo, party leaders invited the high Buddhist incarnation, Jalkhanz Khutagt Sodnomyn Damdinbazar, hell of a name by the way, to became the new prime minister. He was largely chosen to quell religious minded Mongolian's who were upset at the execution of Bodoo who was a lama. Danzan was not done with political rivalries. He soon found himself butting heads with Rinchingiin Elbegdori a leader amongst the leftists and chief advisor to the Comintern in Ulaanbaatar. Following the 1921 revolution, Elbegdorj was appointed head of the Army training and education department. Alongside Choibalsan, he founded the radical Mongolian Revolutionary Youth League. He enjoyed backing from Moscow and he came to dominate the political scene in Ulan Bator. Danzan had previously collaborated with him to get rid of Bodoo, but afterwards Danzan sought to reduce the number of Soviet advisors in Mongolia and attempted to place the Revolutionary Youth league under party control. Danzan was a business man who supported capitalism as a path for Mongolia, thus he was not exactly friendly to those like Elbegdorj who wanted to make Mongolia socialist if not full blown communist. Elbegdorj joined some rightists led by Tseren-Ochiryn Dambadorj in an effort to defeat Danzan. During the third party congress in August of 1924, both accused Danzan of only representing the interests of the bourgeois and being in league with American and Chinese corporations. Danzan found himself alongside others put on trial and sentenced to death. Funny enough the trial and execution literally occurred within the same 24 hour period of the congress, the others simply continued on haha. Some rich irony in the fate of Danzan. I wont delve to far into the rest, but it goes without saying, Elbegdorj would himself be accused of representing the interests of bourgeois and was exiled to the USSR and would be executed during the Great Purge in 1938. Yes it was a very messy time for Mongolia, but in 1924 the Chinese and Soviets signed a treaty that saw the Soviets recognize Mongolia was an integral part of China.  That pretty much ends the story for Mongolia for now, but I thought it might be interesting to end this podcast looking at another similar case study, that of Tibet. Now Tibet came under rule of the Qing Dynasty in 1720. When the Wuchang uprising broke out, revolutionary fever hit numerous provinces within China, as it likewise did in territories like Tibet. A Tibetan militia sprang up and launched a surprise attack against the Qing garrison. The Qing forces were overwhelmed by the Tibetans, forced to flee back to China proper. Obviously the Qing dynasty was scrambling to face the revolutionary armies throughout China, and could not hope to challenge the Tibetans. By 1912, Qing officials in Lhasa were forced by the Tibetans to sign a three point agreement, officially surrendering and expelling their forces from central Tibet. When the new republic of China government sprang up that same year, they proclaimed control over everything the previous Qing dynasty controlled, 22 provinces within China, Outer Mongolia and Tibet.  As the provincial government's president, Yuan Shikai sent a telegram to the 13th Dalai Lama, restoring all his traditional titles. The Dalai Lama refused them and stated in a reply "I intend to exercise both temporal and ecclesiastical rule in Tibet." Now prior to the Xinhai Revolution, in 1910 the Qing had sent a military expedition to Tibet, one could argue it was an invasion mind you, to establish direct Qing rule over Tibet. This was because the British had performed their own expeditions in 1904, destabilizing the Qing dominance over Tibet. The Qing forces occupied Lhasa on February 12th of 1910 and they deposed the 13th Dalai Lama by the 25th. The Dalai Lama was forced to flee to India, but he returned in 1913 whence he proclaimed stated “that the relationship between the Chinese emperor and Tibet had been that of patron and priest and had not been based on the subordination of one to the other. We are a small, religious, and independent nation" In January of that year, a treaty was signed between Mongolia and Tibet, proclaiming mutual recognition of each others independence from China. Within the treaty both nations pledged to aid each other against internal and external enemies, free trade and declared a mutual relationship based on the Gelug sect of Buddhism. The Tibetan officials who signed this document at Urga were led by Agvan Dorjiev, a Buryat and thus subject of Russia. This caused some doubts about the validity of the treaty. The 13th Dalai Lama would go on to deny ever authorizing Dorjiev to negotiate such political issues. The Russian government likewise stated Dorjiev had no diplomatic capacity on behalf of the Dalai Lama to do such a thing. The text of the document was neer published, many believe it never even existed, until 1882 when the Mongolian Academy of Science finally published it.  Upon signed the supposed treaty, Agvan Dorjiev proclaimed that Russia was a powerful Buddhist country that would ally with Tibet against China and Britain. In response to this, Britain convoked a conference at Viceregal Lodge in Simla, India to discuss the matter of Tibet's status. The conference was attended by representatives of Britain, the Chinese republic and Tibet's government based out of Lhasa. Sir Henry McMahon, the foreign secretary of British India led the British; for China it was I-fan Chen, the commissioner for Trade and Foreign affairs at Shanghai; and for Tiet it was Paljor Dorje Shatra, known also as Lonchen Shatra, the leading prime minister of Tibet. Now the British and Chinese had telegram communications to their governments, but the Tibetan team only had land communications. What became known as the Simla conference, was held in both Delhi and Silma because of the extreme summer heat of Delhi, saw 8 formal sessions from October 1913 to July 1914. In the first session, Lonchen Shatra declared "Tibet and China have never been under each other and will never associate with each other in future. It is decided that Tibet is an independent state." Thus Tibet was refusing to recognize all the previous treaties and conventions signed between Tibet and China. The Tibetans sought their territorial boundaries to range from the Kuenlun Range in the north, to the borders of Sichuan and Yunnan. The Tibetans also sought payment for damages done to them over the past years. Ifan Chen's counter proposal was to state Tibet was an integral part of China and that China would not tolerate any attempts by the Tibetans or British to interrupt China's territorial integrity. Ifan Chen continued to say a Chinese official would be stationed in Lhasa and they would guide Tibet's foreign and military affairs. Tibet would also grant amnesty to all Chinese who had recently been punished in Tibet, and Tibet would conform to the borders already assigned to it. McMahon then issued the first and most important question “what is the definition of limits of Tibet”. Afterwards they could deal with the lesser issues, such as Tibetans claims of compensation for damages and for Chinese amnesties. Lonchen Shatra agreed to the procedure, Ifan Chen countered it by asking the political status of Tibet should be the first order of business. Ifan Chen also revealed he had definitive orders from his government to give priority to the political question. McMahon thus ruled he would discuss the frontier issue with Lonchen Shatra alone, until Ifan Chen was given authorization from his government to join it, ompf. It took 5 days for Ifan Chen to get the authorization.  On the issue of the frontier, Ifan Chen maintained China had occupied as far west as Giamda, thus this would encompass Pomed, Markham, Zayul, Derge, Gyade, Draya, Batang, Kokonor and Litang. Lonchen Shatra replied that Tibet had always been an independent nation and at one point a Chinese princess had been married to a Tibetan ruler and a boundary pillar had been erected by them at Marugong. Ifan Chen countered by stating the so called pillar was erected 300 li west and soon both argued over the history of pillars and boundary claims going back centuries. China claimed their historical evidence was that of Zhao Erfengs expedition of 1906-1911 which constituted a effective occupation recognized under international law. Lonchen Shatra said that was ridiculous and that what Zhao Erfeng had performed was a raid and thus unlawful.  McMahon meanwhile formed the idea of distinguishing Inner and Outer Tibet. He based this on the premise the Chinese had only really occupied Outer Tibet and never Inner Tibet. McMahon proposed formalizing this with official boundaries and pulled up old maps dating back to the 9th century for border lines. He also brought out maps from the 18th century and using both came up with two defined zones for Inner and Outer Tibet. Lonchen Shatra opposed some parts of Outer Tibet should be added to Inner Tibet and Ifan Chen argued some parts of Inner Tibet should be given to Sichuan province. A series of confused negotiations began over historical claims over territory, while border skirmishes erupted between the Tibetans and Chinese. McMahon losing his patience appealed to both men stating for "can we have a broad and statesmanlike spirit of compromise so that our labors could be brought to a speedy conclusion”. Ifan Chen maintained it was still premature to draft anything since they had not established what was Inner and Outer Tibet. Finally in April of 1914 a draft convention, with a map was begun by the 3 men. Ifan Chen was the most reluctant but gradually accepted it. Britain and China agreed to leave Tibet as a neutral zone, free of their interference. However China repudiated Ifan Chen's plenipotentiary actions, stating he had been coerced into the draft convention, McMahon said that was ridiculous. China charged McMahon for being unfriendly to China and having an uncompromising attitude, which is funny because if I read to you every single meeting these men had, it was 99% Ifan Chen not budging on a single issue. China continued to lobby for more and more adjustments, but all would be turned down prompting China to state they would not sign the convention. The official boundary between Inner and Outer Tibet became known as the McMahon line, it was negotiated between Britain and Tibet separately. The convention stated Tibet formed part of Chinese territory, after the Tibetans selected a Dalai Lama, the Chinese government would be notified and a Chinese commissioner in Lhasa would quote "formally communicate to His Holiness the titles consistent with his dignity, which have been conferred by the Chinese Government". The Tibetan government would appoint all officers for Outer Tibet and Outer Tibet would not be represented in the Chinese parliament or any other such assembly. China refused to acknowledge any of it. This entire situation remains a problem to this very day as most of you probably assumed. I would like to take this time to remind you all that this podcast is only made possible through the efforts of Kings and Generals over at Youtube. Please go subscribe to Kings and Generals over at Youtube and to continue helping us produce this content please check out www.patreon.com/kingsandgenerals. If you are still hungry after that, give my personal channel a look over at The Pacific War Channel at Youtube, it would mean a lot to me. Mongolia saw some bitter fighting between Red and White Russians and Chinese, and would gradually gravitate towards the Soviets. The case of Tibet, unlike Mongolia, was somewhat less violent, but a political maelstrom nonetheless. The chaos of China's warlord Era would greatly affect these two, well into the 1930's.