Jewish Temple on the Temple Mount in Jerusalem between 516 BC and 70 AD
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In this powerful Thinking Talmudist episode on Gittin 55b, Rabbi Aryeh Wolbe explores the Talmud's explanation for the destruction of the Second Temple and Jerusalem: three tragic incidents rooted in people failing to consider consequences ("hardening the heart"). The primary story involves Kamtza and Bar Kamtza—a host mistakenly invites his enemy Bar Kamtza to a banquet, then publicly humiliates and ejects him despite offers to pay for the entire feast. The silent rabbis' inaction emboldens Bar Kamtza to slander the Jews to Caesar, leading to war and destruction.Rabbi Wolbe highlights the "wrongful humility" of Rabbi Zechariah ben Avkulas, who blocks both offering Caesar's blemished calf (fearing it sets a precedent) and killing Bar Kamtza (fearing misperception of penalty)—prioritizing technicalities over saving lives and the Temple. Parallel stories (rooster/hen destroying Tur Malka; carriage shaft destroying Betar) underscore senseless hatred and violence among Jews enabling Roman victory.Themes include: actions have reactions ("play stupid games, win stupid prizes"); silence in face of injustice is complicity; Jewish strength lies in words/persuasion, not violence; and baseless hatred (sinat chinam) remains the core reason for ongoing exile—urging self-reflection to merit redemption._____________The Thinking Talmudist Podcast shares select teachings of Talmud in a fresh, insightful and meaningful way. Many claim that they cannot learn Talmud because it is in ancient Aramaic or the concepts are too difficult. Well, no more excuses. In this podcast you will experience the refreshing and eye-opening teachings while gaining an amazing appreciation for the divine wisdom of the Torah and the depths of the Talmud._____________This Podcast Series is Generously Underwritten by David & Susan MarbinRecorded at TORCH Meyerland in the Levin Family Studios to a live audience on December 12, 2025, in Houston, Texas.Released as Podcast on December 30, 2025_____________Listen, Subscribe & Share: Apple Podcasts: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/thinking-talmudist-podcast-rabbi-aryeh-wolbe/id1648951154Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/show/0cZ7q9bGYSBYSPQfJvwgzmShare your questions at aw@torchweb.org or visit torchweb.org for more Torah content._____________About the Host:Rabbi Aryeh Wolbe, Director of TORCH in Houston, brings decades of Torah scholarship to guide listeners in applying Jewish wisdom to daily life. To directly send your questions, comments, and feedback, please email: awolbe@torchweb.org_____________Support Our Mission:Help us share Jewish wisdom globally by sponsoring an episode at torchweb.org. Your support makes a difference!_____________Listen MoreOther podcasts by Rabbi Aryeh Wolbe: NEW!! Prayer Podcast: https://prayerpodcast.transistor.fm/episodesJewish Inspiration Podcast: https://inspiration.transistor.fm/episodesParsha Review Podcast: https://parsha.transistor.fm/episodesLiving Jewishly Podcast: https://jewishly.transistor.fm/episodesThinking Talmudist Podcast: https://talmud.transistor.fm/episodesUnboxing Judaism Podcast: https://unboxing.transistor.fm/episodesRabbi Aryeh Wolbe Podcast Collection: https://collection.transistor.fm/episodesFor a full listing of podcasts available by TORCH at http://podcast.torchweb.org_____________Keywords:#Talmud, #Gittin, #Kamtza, #Temple, #SinatChinam, #BaselessHatred, #JewishHistory, #Wrongful, #Humility, #Silence, #JewishExile ★ Support this podcast ★
In this powerful Thinking Talmudist episode on Gittin 55b, Rabbi Aryeh Wolbe explores the Talmud's explanation for the destruction of the Second Temple and Jerusalem: three tragic incidents rooted in people failing to consider consequences ("hardening the heart"). The primary story involves Kamtza and Bar Kamtza—a host mistakenly invites his enemy Bar Kamtza to a banquet, then publicly humiliates and ejects him despite offers to pay for the entire feast. The silent rabbis' inaction emboldens Bar Kamtza to slander the Jews to Caesar, leading to war and destruction.Rabbi Wolbe highlights the "wrongful humility" of Rabbi Zechariah ben Avkulas, who blocks both offering Caesar's blemished calf (fearing it sets a precedent) and killing Bar Kamtza (fearing misperception of penalty)—prioritizing technicalities over saving lives and the Temple. Parallel stories (rooster/hen destroying Tur Malka; carriage shaft destroying Betar) underscore senseless hatred and violence among Jews enabling Roman victory.Themes include: actions have reactions ("play stupid games, win stupid prizes"); silence in face of injustice is complicity; Jewish strength lies in words/persuasion, not violence; and baseless hatred (sinat chinam) remains the core reason for ongoing exile—urging self-reflection to merit redemption._____________The Thinking Talmudist Podcast shares select teachings of Talmud in a fresh, insightful and meaningful way. Many claim that they cannot learn Talmud because it is in ancient Aramaic or the concepts are too difficult. Well, no more excuses. In this podcast you will experience the refreshing and eye-opening teachings while gaining an amazing appreciation for the divine wisdom of the Torah and the depths of the Talmud._____________This Podcast Series is Generously Underwritten by David & Susan MarbinRecorded at TORCH Meyerland in the Levin Family Studios to a live audience on December 12, 2025, in Houston, Texas.Released as Podcast on December 30, 2025_____________Listen, Subscribe & Share: Apple Podcasts: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/thinking-talmudist-podcast-rabbi-aryeh-wolbe/id1648951154Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/show/0cZ7q9bGYSBYSPQfJvwgzmShare your questions at aw@torchweb.org or visit torchweb.org for more Torah content._____________About the Host:Rabbi Aryeh Wolbe, Director of TORCH in Houston, brings decades of Torah scholarship to guide listeners in applying Jewish wisdom to daily life. To directly send your questions, comments, and feedback, please email: awolbe@torchweb.org_____________Support Our Mission:Help us share Jewish wisdom globally by sponsoring an episode at torchweb.org. Your support makes a difference!_____________Listen MoreOther podcasts by Rabbi Aryeh Wolbe: NEW!! Prayer Podcast: https://prayerpodcast.transistor.fm/episodesJewish Inspiration Podcast: https://inspiration.transistor.fm/episodesParsha Review Podcast: https://parsha.transistor.fm/episodesLiving Jewishly Podcast: https://jewishly.transistor.fm/episodesThinking Talmudist Podcast: https://talmud.transistor.fm/episodesUnboxing Judaism Podcast: https://unboxing.transistor.fm/episodesRabbi Aryeh Wolbe Podcast Collection: https://collection.transistor.fm/episodesFor a full listing of podcasts available by TORCH at http://podcast.torchweb.org_____________Keywords:#Talmud, #Gittin, #Kamtza, #Temple, #SinatChinam, #BaselessHatred, #JewishHistory, #Wrongful, #Humility, #Silence, #JewishExile ★ Support this podcast ★
Congregation of the Living Word, a Messianic Jewish Congregation
Remembering The Fast Of Tevet Part 2: How Do We Observe This Day? - English only. The 10th of Tevet is a day traditionally observed with mourning and fasting, This day commemorates the destruction of both Solomon's Temple and the Second Temple. What can followers of Yeshua do to observe this day? This is rebroadcast of a sermon originally recorded on January 8, 2025. This fast is referred to as a partial fast, since we fast only during the daylight hours. This year, 2025, the fast begins today Tuesday, December 30, at sunrise and end at sunset today.
Congregation of the Living Word, a Messianic Jewish Congregation
Remembering The Fast Of Tevet Part 1: Why Do We Mourn On This Day? - English only. The 10th of Tevet is a day traditionally observed with mourning and fasting, This day commemorates the destruction of both Solomon's Temple and the Second Temple. While it is obvious why we fast in remembrance of the day that the Temple was destroyed, why do we mourn on the day that the siege of Jerusalem began? Join us as we explore the Scriptures to examine the significance of the Fast of Tevet! This is rebroadcast of a sermon originally recorded on January 7, 2025. This fast is referred to as a partial fast, since we fast only during the daylight hours. This year, 2025, the fast will begin tomorrow Tuesday, December 30, at sunrise and end at sunset on the same day.
Professor Barry Strauss. Titus destroyed Jerusalem and the Second Temple in 70 AD, leaving the city in ruins and enslaving survivors. Rome established a permanent legion to ensure security. The revolt concluded with the fall of Masada, where defenders largely committed suicide rather than surrender to the Roman governor. 1850 MASADA
**PATREON LINK** https://www.patreon.com/c/TheModernApes?vanity=user Join Daniel Bridge-Gadd and Tristan Bowling as they shed light on the evolving customs surrounding Hanukkah presents. Discover how history, culture, and personal connections shape what we give and receive during this special time of year. Don't forget to subscribe to the Modern Apes Podcast for more thought-provoking discussions and insights! Welcome to a thrilling episode of the Modern Apes Podcast! In this episode, your hosts Daniel Bridge-Gadd and Tristan Bowling dive into the fascinating history of presents during Hanukkah, the Festival of Lights. Join us as we unravel the origins, meanings, and some of the best gifts throughout Hanukkah history. The Rich History of Hanukkah Gifts Hanukkah, celebrated for eight nights, goes beyond just the lighting of the menorah. The tradition of gift-giving is a relatively modern development, but it carries profound significance. Origins of Hanukkah Historical Background: Hanukkah commemorates the rededication of the Second Temple in Jerusalem and the miracle of the oil that lasted eight days. Understanding Hanukkah's historical context helps illuminate why gifts have become integral to the celebration. Evolution of Gift-Giving Early Traditions: Originally, Hanukkah was a time for joy, not necessarily gift-giving. Children received "gelt," or chocolate coins, symbolizing the importance of education and the story of Hanukkah. Modern Adaptations: In the late 19th and early 20th centuries, particularly in America, Jewish families began to adopt the tradition of giving gifts, similar to Christmas practices. This shift reflects wider cultural influences and the desire to create festive family traditions. Best Presents in Hanukkah History During this episode, we'll discuss some of the most memorable presents gifted during Hanukkah. From meaningful tokens to extravagant surprises, these gifts not only bring joy but also convey messages of love and heritage. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices
In this engaging Ask Away episode, Rabbi Aryeh Wolbe tackles listener questions on everyday halacha and deeper Jewish concepts. Key topics include:Leaving negative Google reviews: Permissible only if consistently poor (to protect others), not for one-off bad experiences, to avoid lashon hara.Converts reciting Kaddish for non-Jewish parents: Not forbidden, and may merit their souls (as Avraham elevated his father Terach), though its full effect is unclear; honoring parents remains relevant.Modern rabbinic ordination (semicha): The biblical Sanhedrin chain ended with the Second Temple, but the unbroken rabbi-to-student transmission continues today, granting authority through rigorous testing—distinct from mere professional licensing.Blessings on processed foods (juices, oat milk, Pringles, soups): When original form changes significantly, default to Shehakol; priorities and mixtures follow complex rules (e.g., separate blessings for distinct components in soup).Continuing to eat after benching: Allowed, but requires new brachot.Fluctuating faith and synagogue-hopping: Hashem cherishes every effort; simple, heartfelt prayer anywhere strengthens connection—encouragement over self-criticism.Jews as "non-fighters" yet having a strong army: Victories are supernatural miracles (stories from 1948, Six-Day War, recent conflicts), not natural might—Hashem fights our battles when we stay close to Torah.The episode overflows with inspiring stories of divine protection and encouragement to appreciate open Torah study in America amid 2,000 years of relentless persecution.Please submit your questions at askaway@torchweb.org_____________The Everyday Judaism Podcast is dedicated to learning, understanding and appreciating the greatness of Jewish heritage and the Torah through the simplified, concise study of Halacha, Jewish Law, thereby enhancing our understanding of how Hashem wants us to live our daily lives in a Jewish way._____________This Podcast Series is Generously Underwritten by Marshall & Doreen LernerDownload & Print the Everyday Judaism Halacha Notes:https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/1RL-PideM42B_LFn6pbrk8MMU5-zqlLG5This episode (Ep. #79) of the Everyday Judaism Podcast by Rabbi Aryeh Wolbe of TORCH is dedicated to my dearest friends, Marshall & Doreen Lerner! May Hashem bless you and always lovingly accept your prayer for good health, success and true happiness!!!Recorded in the TORCH Centre - Levin Family Studio (B) to a live audience on December 7, 2025, in Houston, Texas.Released as Podcast on December 22, 2025_____________Connect with Us:Subscribe to the Everyday Judaism PodcastApple Podcasts: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/everyday-judaism-rabbi-aryeh-wolbe/id1600622789Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/show/3AXCNcyKSVsaOLsLQsCN1CShare your questions at askaway@torchweb.org or visit torchweb.org for more Torah content. _____________About the Host:Rabbi Aryeh Wolbe, Director of TORCH in Houston, brings decades of Torah scholarship to guide listeners in applying Jewish wisdom to daily life. To directly send your questions, comments, and feedback: awolbe@torchweb.org_____________Support Our Mission:Help us share Jewish wisdom globally by sponsoring an episode at torchweb.org. Your support makes a difference!_____________Subscribe and Listen to other podcasts by Rabbi Aryeh Wolbe: NEW!! Prayer Podcast: https://prayerpodcast.transistor.fm/episodesJewish Inspiration Podcast: https://inspiration.transistor.fm/episodesParsha Review Podcast: https://parsha.transistor.fm/episodesLiving Jewishly Podcast: https://jewishly.transistor.fm/episodesThinking Talmudist Podcast: https://talmud.transistor.fm/episodesUnboxing Judaism Podcast: https://unboxing.transistor.fm/episodesRabbi Aryeh Wolbe Podcast Collection: https://collection.transistor.fm/episodesFor a full listing of podcasts available by TORCH at http://podcast.torchweb.org_____________Keywords:#AskAway, #Torah, #Halacha, #Q&A, #Jewish, #Traditions, #Law, #LashonHara, #GoogleReviews, #Kaddish, #Ordination, #Brachot, #Blessings, #Miracles, #IDF, #Faith, #Struggles ★ Support this podcast ★
In this engaging Ask Away episode, Rabbi Aryeh Wolbe tackles listener questions on everyday halacha and deeper Jewish concepts. Key topics include:Leaving negative Google reviews: Permissible only if consistently poor (to protect others), not for one-off bad experiences, to avoid lashon hara.Converts reciting Kaddish for non-Jewish parents: Not forbidden, and may merit their souls (as Avraham elevated his father Terach), though its full effect is unclear; honoring parents remains relevant.Modern rabbinic ordination (semicha): The biblical Sanhedrin chain ended with the Second Temple, but the unbroken rabbi-to-student transmission continues today, granting authority through rigorous testing—distinct from mere professional licensing.Blessings on processed foods (juices, oat milk, Pringles, soups): When original form changes significantly, default to Shehakol; priorities and mixtures follow complex rules (e.g., separate blessings for distinct components in soup).Continuing to eat after benching: Allowed, but requires new brachot.Fluctuating faith and synagogue-hopping: Hashem cherishes every effort; simple, heartfelt prayer anywhere strengthens connection—encouragement over self-criticism.Jews as "non-fighters" yet having a strong army: Victories are supernatural miracles (stories from 1948, Six-Day War, recent conflicts), not natural might—Hashem fights our battles when we stay close to Torah.The episode overflows with inspiring stories of divine protection and encouragement to appreciate open Torah study in America amid 2,000 years of relentless persecution.Please submit your questions at askaway@torchweb.org_____________The Everyday Judaism Podcast is dedicated to learning, understanding and appreciating the greatness of Jewish heritage and the Torah through the simplified, concise study of Halacha, Jewish Law, thereby enhancing our understanding of how Hashem wants us to live our daily lives in a Jewish way._____________This Podcast Series is Generously Underwritten by Marshall & Doreen LernerDownload & Print the Everyday Judaism Halacha Notes:https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/1RL-PideM42B_LFn6pbrk8MMU5-zqlLG5This episode (Ep. #79) of the Everyday Judaism Podcast by Rabbi Aryeh Wolbe of TORCH is dedicated to my dearest friends, Marshall & Doreen Lerner! May Hashem bless you and always lovingly accept your prayer for good health, success and true happiness!!!Recorded in the TORCH Centre - Levin Family Studio (B) to a live audience on December 7, 2025, in Houston, Texas.Released as Podcast on December 22, 2025_____________Connect with Us:Subscribe to the Everyday Judaism PodcastApple Podcasts: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/everyday-judaism-rabbi-aryeh-wolbe/id1600622789Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/show/3AXCNcyKSVsaOLsLQsCN1CShare your questions at askaway@torchweb.org or visit torchweb.org for more Torah content. _____________About the Host:Rabbi Aryeh Wolbe, Director of TORCH in Houston, brings decades of Torah scholarship to guide listeners in applying Jewish wisdom to daily life. To directly send your questions, comments, and feedback: awolbe@torchweb.org_____________Support Our Mission:Help us share Jewish wisdom globally by sponsoring an episode at torchweb.org. Your support makes a difference!_____________Subscribe and Listen to other podcasts by Rabbi Aryeh Wolbe: NEW!! Prayer Podcast: https://prayerpodcast.transistor.fm/episodesJewish Inspiration Podcast: https://inspiration.transistor.fm/episodesParsha Review Podcast: https://parsha.transistor.fm/episodesLiving Jewishly Podcast: https://jewishly.transistor.fm/episodesThinking Talmudist Podcast: https://talmud.transistor.fm/episodesUnboxing Judaism Podcast: https://unboxing.transistor.fm/episodesRabbi Aryeh Wolbe Podcast Collection: https://collection.transistor.fm/episodesFor a full listing of podcasts available by TORCH at http://podcast.torchweb.org_____________Keywords:#AskAway, #Torah, #Halacha, #Q&A, #Jewish, #Traditions, #Law, #LashonHara, #GoogleReviews, #Kaddish, #Ordination, #Brachot, #Blessings, #Miracles, #IDF, #Faith, #Struggles ★ Support this podcast ★
ENOCH'S TOUR of the spirit realm continues with a view of the throne room of God. He describes the four archangels—Michael, Gabriel, Raphael, and Phanuel—and their responsibilities. Interestingly, Phanuel is the archangel believed to fend off “the satans” to keep them from approaching God to “accuse them who dwell on the earth.” Apparently, there were Jews during the Second Temple period who believed that there were multiple satans (“accusers” or “adversaries”), a concept most Christians today find odd to say the least. Our purpose in going through the Book of 1 Enoch is to better understand the theological background of the New Testament. Although there are good reasons 1 Enoch is not in the Bible, there are clear links between 1 Enoch and New Testament theology. Sharon's niece, Sarah Sachleben, has been diagnosed with stage 4 bowel cancer, and the medical bills are piling up. If you are led to help, please go to GilbertHouse.org/hopeforsarah. Our new book The Gates of Hell is now available in paperback, Kindle, and as an audiobook at Audible! Derek's new book Destination: Earth, co-authored with Donna Howell and Allie Anderson, is now available in paperback, Kindle, and as an audiobook at Audible! If you are looking for a text of the Book of 1 Enoch to follow our monthly study, you can try these sources: Parallel translations by R. H. Charles (1917) and Richard Laurence (1821)Modern English translation by George W. E. Nickelsburg and James VanderKam (link to book at Amazon)Book of 1 Enoch - Standard English Version by Dr. Jay Winter (link opens free PDF)Book of 1 Enoch - R. H. Charles translation (link opens free PDF) The SkyWatchTV store has a special offer on Dr. Michael Heiser's two-volume set A Companion to the Book of Enoch. Get both books, the R. H. Charles translation of 1 Enoch, and a DVD interview with Mike and Steven Bancarz for a donation of $35 plus shipping and handling. Link: https://bit.ly/heiser-enoch Follow us! • X: @gilberthouse_tv | @sharonkgilbert | @derekgilbert• Telegram: t.me/gilberthouse | t.me/sharonsroom | t.me/viewfromthebunker• YouTube: @GilbertHouse | @UnravelingRevelation | @thebiblesgreatestmysteries• Facebook.com/GilbertHouseFellowship Thank you for making our Build Barn Better project a reality! We truly appreciate your support. If you are so led, you can help out at GilbertHouse.org/donate. Get our free app! It connects you to these studies plus our weekly video programs Unraveling Revelation and A View from the Bunker, and the podcast that started this journey in 2005, P.I.D. Radio. Best of all, it bypasses the gatekeepers of Big Tech! The app is available for iOS, Android, Roku, and Apple TV. Links to the app stores are at www.gilberthouse.org/app/. Video on demand of our best teachings! Stream presentations and teachings based on our research at our new video on demand site! Gilbert House T-shirts and mugs! New to our store is a line of GHTV and Redwing Saga merch! Check it out at GilbertHouse.org/store! Think better, feel better! Our partners at Simply Clean Foods offer freeze-dried, 100% GMO-free food and delicious, vacuum-packed fair trade coffee from Honduras. Find out more at GilbertHouse.org/store. Our favorite Bible study tools! Check the links in the left-hand column at www.GilbertHouse.org.
ENOCH'S TOUR of the spirit realm continues with a view of the throne room of God.He describes the four archangels—Michael, Gabriel, Raphael, and Phanuel—and their responsibilities. Interestingly, Phanuel is the archangel believed to fend off “the satans” to keep them from approaching God to “accuse them who dwell on the earth.” Apparently, there were Jews during the Second Temple period who believed that there were multiple satans (“accusers” or “adversaries”), a concept most Christians today find odd to say the least. Our purpose in going through the Book of 1 Enoch is to better understand the theological background of the New Testament. Although there are good reasons 1 Enoch is not in the Bible, there are clear links between 1 Enoch and New Testament theology.
Australia Files 59 Charges Against Sydney Mass Shooting Surviving Suspecthttps://osazuwaakonedo.news/australia-files-59-charges-against-sydney-mass-shooting-surviving-suspect/#Breaking News #Australia #BondiBeach #NSW #Sydney ©December 17th, 2025 ®December 17, 2025 10:31 am Australia Government on Wednesday filed 59 charges against the only surviving suspect, Naveed Akram who is one of the suspected persons allegedly responsible for the mass shooting at Bondi Beach in the city of Sydney targeting Jewish people on the Jews first day to mark this year Hanukkah festival which led to the killing of 16 persons including a married couple who were said initially tried to disarm one of the attackers before the husband and wife were killed, children aged 10 and above and the suspect father and co perpetrator, Sajid Akram who was killed on the spot by the police, and 41 others including police officers and the bystander, Ahmed al Ahmed who disarmed the 50 years old one of the gunmen, some of the 20 of the injured persons are still in critical condition in the hospital based on statement issued on Wednesday by local authority in Sydney, this, according to the New South Wales Police Force in a statement published on its website on Wednesday, the suspect was brought before the court "following extensive inquiries under Operation Arques, today Wednesday 17 December, (New South Wales Joint Counter Terrorism Team), JCTT investigators attended a hospital where they charged a 24-year-old Bonnyrigg man with 59 offences, including: Commit terrorist act, 15 counts of murder, 40 counts of cause wounding/grievous bodily harm to person with intent to murder, Discharge firearm intend cause grievous bodily harm, Cause public display of prohibited terrorist organisation symbol, place explosive in/near building with intent cause harm", and the court adjourned the case to April 2026 after the suspect made first appearance from his hospital bed before the Bail Division Local Court 7 via Audio Visual Link, AVL #OsazuwaAkonedoIsrael Blames Australia PM Over Sydney Attack Killing 16, Says More To Comehttps://osazuwaakonedo.news/israel-blames-australia-pm-over-sydney-attack-killing-16-says-more-to-come/#Issues #Albanese #Australia #Israel #Netanyahu #Sydney ©December 15th, 2025 ®December 15, 2025 8:37 pm Israeli Government has blamed the Prime Minister of Australia, Anthony Albanese over the father and son terrorist act of mass shooting in Bondi Beach on Sunday evening around 6:47pm in accordance with Australia local time, leading to the killing of 16 persons including one of the suspected terrorists and a ten-year-old girl and 42 others sustained injuries according to the Premier of New South Wales State, Christopher Minns when members of the Jewish community in the Sydney city of Australia came out in large numbers on Day One to celebrate this year Chanukah festival, this, the Israeli government through the video statements made by the Israeli Prime Minister, Benjamin Netanyahu during government meeting in Dimona and when he lit the first Chanukah candle in Israel later on Sunday, said, there maybe more terrorist attacks on the Jewish people because the Australia government is weak, "We know there will be additional attacks, the safest place for the Jewish people in the world is whend encourages the Jew hatred now stalking your streets, Antisemitism is 11 Dead, Man Disarms Terrorist During Bondi Beach Attack In Australiahttps://osazuwaakonedo.news/11-dead-man-disarms-terrorist-during-bondi-beach-attack-in-australia/#Breaking News #Australia #Gaza #Israel #Sydney #US ©December 14th, 2025 ®December 14, 2025 3:00 pm Not less than 11 persons said to be mostly from the Jewish community and police officers were shot dead by terrorists on Sunday at Bondi Beach in the Sydney city of Australia as thousands came out to mark this year Chanukah or Hanukkah festival, a festival that is known as the Jewish "Festival of Lights," usually an eight-day winter celebration marking event of the rededication of the Second Temple in Jerusalem and a miraculous long-lasting oil supply, observed by lighting candles on a menorah, "chanukiah", and reciting special prayers, and eating oily foods like latkes and sufganiyot, which symbolises Jewish resilience and freedom, the terrorists attacked the Jewish community on the first day of the festival after Israel government had on Saturday authorized the killing of a senior Hamas commander, Raad Saad who Israel, through a statement issued by the Office of the Prime Minister of Israel, stated that, in recent days, Raad Saad had been engaged in rehabilitating the terrorist organization, planning and carrying out attacks against Israel and rebuilding an attack force, in blatant violation of the ceasefire rules and Hamas's commitments to adhere to the US President Donald Trump's plan, stating, "Instead of promoBecome a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/osazuwaakonedo--4980924/support.Kindly support us for more productivity and efficiency in news delivery.Visit our donation page: DonateYou can also use our Mobile app for more news in different formats: CLICK TO DOWNDLOAD ON GOOGLE PLAY STORE
Australia Files 59 Charges Against Sydney Mass Shooting Surviving Suspecthttps://osazuwaakonedo.news/australia-files-59-charges-against-sydney-mass-shooting-surviving-suspect/#Breaking News #Australia #BondiBeach #NSW #Sydney ©December 17th, 2025 ®December 17, 2025 10:31 am Australia Government on Wednesday filed 59 charges against the only surviving suspect, Naveed Akram who is one of the suspected persons allegedly responsible for the mass shooting at Bondi Beach in the city of Sydney targeting Jewish people on the Jews first day to mark this year Hanukkah festival which led to the killing of 16 persons including a married couple who were said initially tried to disarm one of the attackers before the husband and wife were killed, children aged 10 and above and the suspect father and co perpetrator, Sajid Akram who was killed on the spot by the police, and 41 others including police officers and the bystander, Ahmed al Ahmed who disarmed the 50 years old one of the gunmen, some of the 20 of the injured persons are still in critical condition in the hospital based on statement issued on Wednesday by local authority in Sydney, this, according to the New South Wales Police Force in a statement published on its website on Wednesday, the suspect was brought before the court "following extensive inquiries under Operation Arques, today Wednesday 17 December, (New South Wales Joint Counter Terrorism Team), JCTT investigators attended a hospital where they charged a 24-year-old Bonnyrigg man with 59 offences, including: Commit terrorist act, 15 counts of murder, 40 counts of cause wounding/grievous bodily harm to person with intent to murder, Discharge firearm intend cause grievous bodily harm, Cause public display of prohibited terrorist organisation symbol, place explosive in/near building with intent cause harm", and the court adjourned the case to April 2026 after the suspect made first appearance from his hospital bed before the Bail Division Local Court 7 via Audio Visual Link, AVL #OsazuwaAkonedoIsrael Blames Australia PM Over Sydney Attack Killing 16, Says More To Comehttps://osazuwaakonedo.news/israel-blames-australia-pm-over-sydney-attack-killing-16-says-more-to-come/#Issues #Albanese #Australia #Israel #Netanyahu #Sydney ©December 15th, 2025 ®December 15, 2025 8:37 pm Israeli Government has blamed the Prime Minister of Australia, Anthony Albanese over the father and son terrorist act of mass shooting in Bondi Beach on Sunday evening around 6:47pm in accordance with Australia local time, leading to the killing of 16 persons including one of the suspected terrorists and a ten-year-old girl and 42 others sustained injuries according to the Premier of New South Wales State, Christopher Minns when members of the Jewish community in the Sydney city of Australia came out in large numbers on Day One to celebrate this year Chanukah festival, this, the Israeli government through the video statements made by the Israeli Prime Minister, Benjamin Netanyahu during government meeting in Dimona and when he lit the first Chanukah candle in Israel later on Sunday, said, there maybe more terrorist attacks on the Jewish people because the Australia government is weak, "We know there will be additional attacks, the safest place for the Jewish people in the world is whend encourages the Jew hatred now stalking your streets, Antisemitism is 11 Dead, Man Disarms Terrorist During Bondi Beach Attack In Australiahttps://osazuwaakonedo.news/11-dead-man-disarms-terrorist-during-bondi-beach-attack-in-australia/#Breaking News #Australia #Gaza #Israel #Sydney #US ©December 14th, 2025 ®December 14, 2025 3:00 pm Not less than 11 persons said to be mostly from the Jewish community and police officers were shot dead by terrorists on Sunday at Bondi Beach in the Sydney city of Australia as thousands came out to mark this year Chanukah or Hanukkah festival, a festival that is known as the Jewish "Festival of Lights," usually an eight-day winter celebration marking event of the rededication of the Second Temple in Jerusalem and a miraculous long-lasting oil supply, observed by lighting candles on a menorah, "chanukiah", and reciting special prayers, and eating oily foods like latkes and sufganiyot, which symbolises Jewish resilience and freedom, the terrorists attacked the Jewish community on the first day of the festival after Israel government had on Saturday authorized the killing of a senior Hamas commander, Raad Saad who Israel, through a statement issued by the Office of the Prime Minister of Israel, stated that, in recent days, Raad Saad had been engaged in rehabilitating the terrorist organization, planning and carrying out attacks against Israel and rebuilding an attack force, in blatant violation of the ceasefire rules and Hamas's commitments to adhere to the US President Donald Trump's plan, stating, "Instead of promoBecome a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/osazuwaakonedo--4980924/support.Kindly support us for more productivity and efficiency in news delivery.Visit our donation page: DonateYou can also use our Mobile app for more news in different formats: CLICK TO DOWNDLOAD ON GOOGLE PLAY STORE
Re-releasing Episode 62 about the Lost Menorah -- just in time for Hanukah to begin tonight. The menorah is one of the most sacred symbols in Judaism, and we know that it really existed in the Second Temple. We know who took it, when, and where. What happened after that remains a mystery.
This conversation with R. Alex Israel studies the optimistic visions of Second Temple restoration in the book of Zecharia, read as a special Channukah Haftorah. Does redemption come through physical might or the spirit of God? How can the spoken word change reality? These are some deeper questions we consider as we reflect on the way these Second Temple visions still relate to our world today. This week's episode is dedicated in loving memory of Helene Bers, Chaya Ayala bat Eliezer, by her Cantor grandchildren. This year The Matan Podcast is exploring the weekly Haftorah.
11 Dead, Man Disarms Terrorist During Bondi Beach Attack In Australiahttps://osazuwaakonedo.news/11-dead-man-disarms-terrorist-during-bondi-beach-attack-in-australia/#Breaking News #Australia #Gaza #Israel #Sydney #US ©December 14th, 2025 ®December 14, 2025 3:00 pm Not less than 11 persons said to be mostly from the Jewish community and police officers were shot dead by terrorists on Sunday at Bondi Beach in the Sydney city of Australia as thousands came out to mark this year Chanukah or Hanukkah festival, a festival that is known as the Jewish "Festival of Lights," usually an eight-day winter celebration marking event of the rededication of the Second Temple in Jerusalem and a miraculous long-lasting oil supply, observed by lighting candles on a menorah, "chanukiah", and reciting special prayers, and eating oily foods like latkes and sufganiyot, which symbolises Jewish resilience and freedom, the terrorists attacked the Jewish community on the first day of the festival after Israel government had on Saturday authorized the killing of a senior Hamas commander, Raad Saad who Israel, through a statement issued by the Office of the Prime Minister of Israel, stated that, in recent days, Raad Saad had been engaged in rehabilitating the terrorist organization, planning and carrying out attacks against Israel and rebuilding an attack force, in blatant violation of the ceasefire rules and Hamas's commitments to adhere to the US President Donald Trump's plan, stating, "Instead of promoting demilitarization, he was engaged in rearming for acts of terrorism", although Israel Government has not issued any statement since the Sunday attacks on Jewish community in Sydney as at the time of filing in this news report on Sunday, but, Hamas in a news report published by Al-jazeera confirmed that Saad had since been killed by Israeli soldiers in the Gaza city of Palestine, one of the video footages of the Sunday attack on the Jewish community in Sydney showed a moment an apparent very brave man disarmed one of the gunmen during the mass shooting, overpowered the suspected terrorist, collected the gun and turned the gun against the suspected terrorist without shooting him, and the suspect gets away, then joins another suspected terrorist shooter who continues firing from a bridge. #OsazuwaAkonedoBecome a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/osazuwaakonedo--4980924/support.Kindly support us for more productivity and efficiency in news delivery.Visit our donation page: DonateYou can also use our Mobile app for more news in different formats: CLICK TO DOWNDLOAD ON GOOGLE PLAY STORE
Chanukah is central to our Jewish Calendar and way of life, but there are many unanswered questions: Why celebrate defeat? What was the real role of Kohanim during the Second Temple? Why was this Yomtov chosen to reflect the ultimate ideal ? Tracing the story from Alexander the Great and Shimon HaTzaddik through the corruption of the Second Temple and the rise of Hellenism, the podcast redefines the central idea of Chanukah - the only festival established by the Sages post-prophecy Connecting the ancient clash of civilizations to the battles which echo down through Russia, America and Eretz Yisrael; It defines Who is a Jew. Timestamps [0:00:00] Introduction to Greek Exile and Historical Context [0:01:07] Podcast Dedication and Welcome [0:02:05] Setting Up the Hanukkah Discussion [0:04:13] Questioning the Purpose of Hanukkah Celebration [0:14:44] Historical Prequel: Alexander the Great and Shimon HaTzadik [0:22:49] Corruption of the Priesthood [0:26:38] Empire Dynamics After Alexander [0:31:05] Jewish Attraction to Greek Culture [0:40:41] The Spiritual Victory of Hanukkah [0:49:26] Comparing Purim and Hanukkah [0:50:44] Conclusion and Podcast Wrap-up
In this episode we are exploring the return from exile and the era of the Second Temple. What seems to have emerged in the century following the return from exile was a tension between a sort of isolationist wing and a more universalist wing. There were those who wanted to remove all foreigners and double and triple down on following the Law, while others advocated for understanding God as being the God of all people and all nations, not just Israel alone. Here Matt Helms invites us to reflect on some thoughtful and incisive questions that the book of Jonah has to ask of us, primarily around our own sense of self-righteousness, and times when that conflicts with an expansive understanding of God's love and mercy. Ultimately, this view that God is the God of all people wins out. And even though things aren't perfect, hopes begin to rise around a Savior, a Messiah, who will help to truly usher in an age where God is in control — not just in the present time, but forever.
Yeshua of Nazareth is THE prophet that God sent to warn fo the nation about the destruction of the second Temple. That places him on par with Jereimaih, Isaiah, and Ezekiel and puts him into the status of a verified prophet.
IntroductionPhilo of Alexandria, an early first-century Jewish philosopher who blended Greek thought with Jewish tradition, offers a fascinating window into how Jews of the Second Temple period understood the moral and spiritual dimensions of everyday life. By exploring his interpretations of biblical narratives, we will gain insights into a Hellenistic-Jewish perspective on the role of drinking. Joining us for this journey on the 186th episode of The Jewish Drinking Show to discuss Philo on drinking is Rabbi Dovid Campbell.Biography of GuestRabbi Dovid Campbell is an independent researcher and writer whose work explores the history and future of Jewish philosophy, with a particular focus on the importance of a non-dogmatic and creative approach to Jewish thought. His articles have appeared in Tradition and Ḥakirah, as well as numerous Jewish content platforms, including his "Philo of Alexandria and the Soul of the Torah" at The Lehrhaus. He holds a degree in microbiology from the University of Arizona and resides in Ramat Beit Shemesh, Israel, with his wife and children.Support the showThank you for listening!If you have any questions, suggestions, or more, feel free to reach out at Drew@JewishDrinking.coml'chaim!
11/30/2025 Ezra 4:1-5 The Wicked Will Oppose God Intro: The book of Ezra does not specifically name its author. The tradition is that the scribe Ezra wrote the book of Ezra. Ezra first appears on the scene in chapter 7, and the author of the book of Ezra switches from writing in the third person to first person in chapter 8. This would lends credibility to Ezra's being the author. The Book of Ezra was likely written between 460 and 440 B.C. The Book of Ezra is devoted to events occurring in the land of Israel at the time of the return from the Babylonian captivity and subsequent years, covering a period of approximately one century, beginning in 538 B.C. The emphasis in Ezra is on the rebuilding of the Temple. The book contains extensive genealogical records, principally for the purpose of establishing the claims to the priesthood on the part of the descendants of Aaron. Chapters 1-6—The First Return under Zerubbabel, and the Building of the Second Temple. The Book of Ezra covers the return from captivity to rebuild the Temple up to the decree of Artaxerxes, the event covered at the beginning of the Book of Nehemiah. Haggai was the main prophet in the day of Ezra, and Zechariah was the prophet in the day of Nehemiah. The opposition of the adversaries of God to the rebuilding of the temple displays a pattern that is typical of that of the enemy of our souls. Satan uses those who would appear to be in sync with God's purposes to deceive us and attempt to thwart God's plans and they never give up and they never take a break.
November 21, 164 BCE. Judas Maccabeus recaptures Jerusalem during the Maccabean Revolt and rededicates the Second Temple, since commemorated in the Jewish festival of Hanukkah. This episode originally aired in 2022.Support the show! Join Into History for ad-free listening and more.History Daily is a co-production of Airship and Noiser.Go to HistoryDaily.com for more history, daily.See Privacy Policy at https://art19.com/privacy and California Privacy Notice at https://art19.com/privacy#do-not-sell-my-info.
Episode: Mary Buck continues her study of the Second Temple period by focusing on the Persian Period, and especially, the Achaemenid Empire. Learn about this incredibly powerful yet lesser-known period of history, and figures like Cyrus, Darius, and others who shaped biblical history. Host: Learn about Mary Buck HERE. Image Attribution: Map, By Cattette - CC BY 4.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=113179532; Cyrus the Great's Tomb - By Bernd81 - Own work, CC BY-SA 4.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=63225153 Previous Episodes. This is our third installment in our Second Temple series hosted by Mary Buck. Listen to previous episodes on the Assyrian Period and the Babylonian Period. Give: Visit our Donate Page if you want to help Biblical World and OnScript continue by becoming a regular donor.
Its Jubilee time- and what are we celebrating? A no-longer-canonical book, I guess. Jubilees is a Second Temple rewrite of Genesis that reshapes creation stories, adds angelic narration, and updates the calendar to aaaaaalmost get the number of days in the year right. Then we tackle the viral claim that the Bible has 63,779 perfect cross-references. Does it prove divine authorship? Maybe! Ok, no. But we still have a lot of fun breaking it down. We look at how these “links” are created, where the argument collapses, and why the attractiveness of a chart doesn't mean it's actually useful. ---- For early access to an ad-free version of every episode of Data Over Dogma, exclusive content, and the opportunity to support our work, please consider becoming a monthly patron at: https://www.patreon.com/DataOverDogma Follow us on the various social media places: https://www.facebook.com/DataOverDogmaPod https://www.twitter.com/data_over_dogma Have you ordered Dan McClellan's New York Times bestselling book The Bible Says So yet??? Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices
This conversation with Rabbanit Dr. Adina Sternberg explores the Haftorah from the book of Malachi, a short prophetic work from the early Second Temple period. The returnees have become jaded with a reality they perceive as lacking divine presence and the prophet rebukes their lackluster worship and subtly encourages them that while the presence of God may not have arrived in the expected guise, He still loves them. Malachi's messages are relevant now as ever. This week' episode has been sponsored in memory of R. Yitzchak Chaim Moshe ben Harav Binyamin Yaakov by his family. This year the Matan Podcast is exploring the weekly Haftorah.
“The Imposter Messiah: Why Modern Israel Is Prepared to Embrace the Antichrist” is a powerful and eye-opening prophetic broadcast presented by JD Williams and David Paxton, exposing one of the most overlooked and misunderstood realities of the End Times.Video Version Available immediately upon release on your choice of Video Platforms at 9:00pm ET/8:00pm CT by visiting https://www.lastchristian.net/This exclusive episode takes listeners deep into the heart of biblical prophecy, modern Jewish expectations, geopolitical pressures, and the spiritual deception that Scripture warns will sweep across Israel and the entire world in the final days.For centuries, the Jewish people held to the clear, biblical standards that identified the true Messiah. One born in Bethlehem, from the lineage of David, appearing before the destruction of the Second Temple. But with the loss of genealogical records, the scattering of the Jewish people, and the rise of modern rabbinic expectations, the traditional Messianic criteria have been dramatically reshaped.Today, most Jews expect a political savior, not a divine Redeemer. They long for a leader who will bring peace to Israel, unify the Jewish world, restore the Temple, and secure the nation's future.This broadcast reveals how these modern expectations, though sincere, set the perfect stage for the arrival of the Antichrist, the most deceptive and destructive political figure the world will ever see.Drawing from Scripture alone, JD Williams and David Paxton explain how the Antichrist will rise as a global statesman, negotiate a seemingly miraculous peace treaty, support Temple worship, and present himself as the solution to every crisis facing Israel. In doing so, he will match, point for point, exactly what modern Judaism mistakenly believes their Messiah should be.This episode exposes the prophetic moment when Israel realizes they have accepted the wrong man. The Antichrist's eventual betrayal, the desecration of the Temple, and his blasphemous claim to deity will shatter the illusion and awaken the remnant of Israel. Only then will the nation look upon the One they pierced, Jesus Christ, and recognize Him as the true Messiah they rejected.This show is bold, uncompromising, and deeply rooted in Scripture. It brings together biblical prophecy, current Jewish theology, geopolitical realities, and End-Times teaching with a clarity that cuts through the confusion of modern narratives. It is a must-see for believers who want to understand how today's headlines connect directly to ancient prophecy and why Israel, and the world, are moving rapidly toward the final confrontation between the true Messiah and the greatest imposter in history.For more information or to support our Ministry, please visithttps://www.lastchristian.net
Building the Second Temple's altar - at which point, they already knew the outline of the building itself, but they weren't quite sure about the altar. How did the know? One suggestion is that the archangel Michael told them in a vision. Alternatively, the "ashes of Isaac" -- as seen in a vision -- were seen in the same place as the altar, namely, since that was also the location of the Binding of Isaac. Alternatively, the scent at the place was that of the offerings, instead of the scent of incense that was designed to improve the overall smell of the place. Plus 3 prophets revealed the necessary details of replacing the altar -- and maybe also to use the now-classic Torah scribal script for writing a Torah scroll. Also, the ramp to the altar were separated by a gap -- which means that the offering was thrown across the gap, and the practice of doing so was derived from a verse.
Sources Can kodshim kalim be eaten when there is no altar? Abaye proved from a braita of Rabbi Yishmael that they cannot be eaten. Rabbi Yirmia raised a difficulty against Abaye from a contradiction between braitot, resolving it in a way that one would conclude that kodshim kalim could be eaten even without an altar. However, Ravina provides an alternative resolution to the contradiction, and the Gemara brings another. Rav Huna says in the name of Rav that the altar in the Tabernacle of Shilo was made of stone. However, a difficulty is raised against this from a braita that explains that the fire of Moshe's copper altar continued until the time of Shlomo. They resolve it by saying that Rav Huna held by a different tannaitic opinion. Alternatively, one can explain that the fire could have still been on Moshe's altar, even though they were using the stone altar. If so, what was the fire used for? The Gemara suggests two possible answers. A Mishna is brought which says that the altar in the time of the Second Temple was expanded to be larger than the one in the First Temple, from 28x28 cubits to 32x32. Why? Rav Yosef suggests it was expanded as they needed more space. Ravin explained it based on a Mishna in Middot that described the addition of the shitin, two holes that were added for the libations.
Rav Yosef offers two additional explanations for why the altar in the Second Temple was constructed larger than the altar in the First Temple. When the Second Temple was built, how did they determine the correct location for the altar? Three explanations are brought. Which components of the altar are essential for carrying out sacrificial rites? The ramp of the altar was positioned on its southern side, measuring sixteen cubits in width and thirty-two cubits in length. Rav Huna cites a source to confirm that the ramp was indeed located in the south. A braita presents an alternative source from a statement by Rabbi Yehuda. There was a space between the altar and the ramp - the origin and function of this gap are clarified. If the ramp was thirty-two cubits long and the altar itself also measured thirty-two cubits in length, how does this align with the Mishna in Midot 5:2, which states that the total length was sixty-two cubits?
When the Tabernacle was in Shilo, the altar seems to have been made of stones, and not the copper that Moshe made. But if that's the case, how was there unceasing use of the same altar from Moshe to Shlomo (Moses to Solomon)? The Gemara, of course, attempts to resolve that contradiction to the satisfaction of both claims (no ceasing of the fire on the altar from Moses to Solomon and the ostensibly stone altar). Also, the size of the altar in the Second Temple (long after Solomon's altar in the First Temple), based on a mishnah in Middot. Plus, why the size was increased.
Sources Can kodshim kalim be eaten when there is no altar? Abaye proved from a braita of Rabbi Yishmael that they cannot be eaten. Rabbi Yirmia raised a difficulty against Abaye from a contradiction between braitot, resolving it in a way that one would conclude that kodshim kalim could be eaten even without an altar. However, Ravina provides an alternative resolution to the contradiction, and the Gemara brings another. Rav Huna says in the name of Rav that the altar in the Tabernacle of Shilo was made of stone. However, a difficulty is raised against this from a braita that explains that the fire of Moshe's copper altar continued until the time of Shlomo. They resolve it by saying that Rav Huna held by a different tannaitic opinion. Alternatively, one can explain that the fire could have still been on Moshe's altar, even though they were using the stone altar. If so, what was the fire used for? The Gemara suggests two possible answers. A Mishna is brought which says that the altar in the time of the Second Temple was expanded to be larger than the one in the First Temple, from 28x28 cubits to 32x32. Why? Rav Yosef suggests it was expanded as they needed more space. Ravin explained it based on a Mishna in Middot that described the addition of the shitin, two holes that were added for the libations.
Rav Yosef offers two additional explanations for why the altar in the Second Temple was constructed larger than the altar in the First Temple. When the Second Temple was built, how did they determine the correct location for the altar? Three explanations are brought. Which components of the altar are essential for carrying out sacrificial rites? The ramp of the altar was positioned on its southern side, measuring sixteen cubits in width and thirty-two cubits in length. Rav Huna cites a source to confirm that the ramp was indeed located in the south. A braita presents an alternative source from a statement by Rabbi Yehuda. There was a space between the altar and the ramp - the origin and function of this gap are clarified. If the ramp was thirty-two cubits long and the altar itself also measured thirty-two cubits in length, how does this align with the Mishna in Midot 5:2, which states that the total length was sixty-two cubits?
As we start to anticipate the time of Advent and ultimately the birth of Jesus, what are some of the contextual things we should be aware of? Each historical period had an influence on God's people. To kick off the "Advent of Advent" mini-series, we are going back to a conversation I had last year with Dr. George Athas. He is a professor at Moore College and the author of an excellent book Bridging the Testaments. Today we revisit his overview of the major time periods leading up to the Roman Empire's arrival on the scene along with his explanation of Jewish thought that makes the gospels' claim that Jesus is from the line of David so explosive.Listen to the original podcast with Dr. Athas Here: Part 1 and Part 2Find out more about Dr. Athas HERERead more about his book HERESee his many other writings HEREContact Cyndi Parker through Narrative of Place.Join Cyndi Parker's Patreon Team!
This series is sponsored by American Security Foundation.In this episode of the 18Forty Podcast—recorded at the 18Forty X ASFoundation AI Summit—we speak with Moshe Koppel, Malka Simkovich, and Tikvah Wiener about what the AI revolution will mean for the Jewish community.In this episode we discuss:How is AI going to change the dynamics, cadence, and rhythm of Jewish life? Should we panic about AI replacing the role of creative human work? What can Jewish and world history teach us about this moment? Tune in to hear a conversation about what AI can teach us about our own needs, especially the need for Shabbos. Interview begins at 14:26.Dr. Moshe Koppel is a computer scientist, Talmud scholar, and political activist. Moshe is a professor of computer science at Bar-Ilan University, and a prolific author of academic articles and books on Jewish thought, computer science, economics, political science, and other disciplines. He is the founding director of Kohelet, a conservative-libertarian think tank in Israel, and he advises members of the Knesset on legislative matters. Dr. Malka Simkovich is the director and editor-in-chief of the Jewish Publication Society and previously served as the Crown-Ryan Chair of Jewish Studies and Director of the Catholic-Jewish Studies program at Catholic Theological Union in Chicago. She earned a doctoral degree in Second Temple and Rabbinic Judaism from Brandeis University and a Master's degree in Hebrew Bible from Harvard University. Tikvah Wiener is Founder and Co-Director of The Idea Institute, which, since 2014, has trained close to 2000 educators in project-based learning and innovative pedagogies. From 2018-2023, she was also Head of School of The Idea School, a Jewish, project-based learning high school in Tenafly, NJ.References:“Lazy Sunday - SNL Digital Short”Mechkarim Be-sifrut Ha-teshuvot by Yitzchak Ze'ev Kahane"In the Shadow of the Emperor: The Hatam Sofer's Copyright Rulings" by David NimmerMeta-Halakhah: Logic, Intuition, and the Unfolding of Jewish Law by Moshe KoppelJudaism Straight Up by Moshe Koppel“Yiddishkeit Without Ideology: A Letter To My Son” by Moshe Koppel@ShabbosReadsFor more18Forty:NEWSLETTER: 18forty.org/joinCALL: (212) 582-1840EMAIL: info@18forty.orgWEBSITE: 18forty.orgIG: @18fortyX: @18_fortyWhatsApp: join hereBecome a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/18forty-podcast--4344730/support.
In this week's episode of The Bible for Normal People, Pete Enns and Anna Sieges Beal sit down with Shayna Sheinfeld to talk about the Second Temple period, spanning from 586 BCE to 70 CE. Shayna presents texts from that time that illuminate events glossed over by most Bibles, and explores the often-overlooked roles played by women wielding power in those communities. Show Notes → https://thebiblefornormalpeople.com/episode-314-shayna-sheinfeld-the-complicated-world-of-second-temple-judaism/ Watch this episode on YouTube → https://youtu.be/92i5Pc9CRI4 Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices
GC13 and David discuss The Second Temple and Barrel's Warhammer from Amphibia. Anne has managed to charge the second stone of the music box (mostly, anyway), and Sasha is on her way to overthrowing the corrupt newt monarchy and replacing it with a corrupt toad monarchy! While Sasha had to betray her new friends to … Continue reading
A demolished temple, a displaced people, and a prophet who receives blueprints on Passover—Ezekiel's final vision is both a balm and a jolt. We step into chapters 40–48 and trace why the eight-chapter deluge of measurements and procedures is not filler but a signal that God intends a real place, a defined priesthood, and a rebuilt rhythm of worship marked by His presence. The dimensions don't fit the Second Temple mount, and the Shekinah glory's return through the East Gate never occurred in the Second Temple era, which pushes us toward a future fulfillment where holiness and order shape the life of the nation.We wrestle with the hardest question head-on: do renewed sacrifices undermine Christ's once-for-all work? Drawing from Hebrews and the broader story of Scripture, we explore how Old Testament saints were saved by faith and how sacrifices functioned as shadows pointing to Christ. From that vantage, Ezekiel's offerings can be understood as memorial, not rival atonements—akin to how the Lord's Supper looks back in gratitude and proclamation. Along the way, we note striking differences from Moses' system—the absence of the ark and incense altar, the prominence of the sons of Zadok, and a defined role for “the prince”—all of which suggest a new phase of worship under the Messiah's reign.Then the river flows. Starting at the temple threshold, deepening step by step, it heals the Dead Sea and transforms the land with fruit-bearing trees whose leaves bring healing. With named locations and clear bearings, the vision resists abstraction and harmonizes with Zechariah and Revelation's river of life. Finally, God redraws Israel's tribal inheritances, fulfilling sworn promises to the patriarchs. The through-line is hope: a holy God returning to dwell with His people, orderly worship that honors His character, and creation renewed from the sanctuary outward.If this exploration deepened your curiosity or clarified your view of Ezekiel's finale, subscribe, share the episode with a friend, and leave a review to help others discover the show. Got thoughts or questions? Email us at info@reasoningthible.com and join the conversation.Support the showThank you for listening!! Please give us a five-star rating to help your podcast provider's algorithm spread RTTB among their listeners. You can find free study and leader resources at the following link - Resource Page - Reasoning Through the Bible Please prayerfully consider supporting RTTB to help us to continue providing content and free resources. You can do that at this link - Support RTTB - Reasoning Through the Bible May God Bless you!! - Glenn and Steve
J.J. and Dr. Ethan Schwartz explore the categories of religious universalism and particularism in the Bible.This is the first episode in our miniseries about universalism and particularism in Judaism. Over the course of the series we will explore and complicate Jewish attitudes to these categories across the centuries. Follow us on Bluesky @jewishideaspod.bsky.social for updates and insights!Please rate and review the the show in the podcast app of your choice.We welcome all complaints and compliments at podcasts@torahinmotion.org For more information visit torahinmotion.org/podcastsEthan Schwartz is Assistant Professor of Hebrew Bible in the Department of Theology and Religious Studies at Villanova University. He studies the Hebrew Bible in both the ancient Near Eastern setting in which it emerged and the Second Temple setting in which it became Jewish and Christian scripture, with particular interests in the prophetic literature, the Pentateuch, the ancient Jewish context of the New Testament, and the intellectual history of academic biblical studies. He is also an active participant in Jewish-Catholic and broader Jewish-Christian dialogue.
The first comprehensive examination of the Book of Enoch and its prophecies, origins, and history• Examines in depth Enoch's full story of the Watchers, the fallen angels who came to Earth and shared corrupting forbidden knowledge• Explores how Enoch was a vital component of Second Temple messianic Judaism, speculative Jewish mysticism, the Kabbalah, and Gnostic mythology• Investigates the entire history of the Book of Enoch and its important esoteric offshoots, including the later 2 Enoch (the Slavonic “Book of the Secrets of Enoch”) and the so-called Hebrew “Book of Enoch” (3 Enoch)Said to have been written by the prophet Enoch, the great-grandfather of Noah, the Book of Enoch disappeared for many centuries, except for one place: the Bible of the Ethiopian Orthodox Church, which held the book as canonical.Revealing the profound influence of the Book of Enoch on world thought over the past two thousand years, Tobias Churton investigates the entire history of the Book of Enoch and its important esoteric offshoots, including the later 2 Enoch (the Slavonic "Book of the Secrets of Enoch") and the so-called Hebrew "Book of Enoch" (3 Enoch). He explains how Enoch was taken to Heaven where he received personal instruction from God and examines in depth Enoch's full story of the Watchers, the fallen angels who came to Earth and shared corrupting forbidden knowledge. He explains how the Book was a vital component of Second Temple messianic Judaism and speculative Jewish mysticism, playing a key role in the development of both the Kabbalah and Gnostic mythology.Informed by continuing studies of the Dead Sea Scrolls, Churton provides the first comprehensive examination of the Book of Enoch, clarifying and refuting many errors of understanding about Enoch's apocalyptic and sometimes sensational prophecies.https://amzn.to/3J1rWTNBecome a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/the-opperman-report--1198501/support.
The first comprehensive examination of the Book of Enoch and its prophecies, origins, and history• Examines in depth Enoch's full story of the Watchers, the fallen angels who came to Earth and shared corrupting forbidden knowledge• Explores how Enoch was a vital component of Second Temple messianic Judaism, speculative Jewish mysticism, the Kabbalah, and Gnostic mythology• Investigates the entire history of the Book of Enoch and its important esoteric offshoots, including the later 2 Enoch (the Slavonic “Book of the Secrets of Enoch”) and the so-called Hebrew “Book of Enoch” (3 Enoch)Said to have been written by the prophet Enoch, the great-grandfather of Noah, the Book of Enoch disappeared for many centuries, except for one place: the Bible of the Ethiopian Orthodox Church, which held the book as canonical.Revealing the profound influence of the Book of Enoch on world thought over the past two thousand years, Tobias Churton investigates the entire history of the Book of Enoch and its important esoteric offshoots, including the later 2 Enoch (the Slavonic "Book of the Secrets of Enoch") and the so-called Hebrew "Book of Enoch" (3 Enoch). He explains how Enoch was taken to Heaven where he received personal instruction from God and examines in depth Enoch's full story of the Watchers, the fallen angels who came to Earth and shared corrupting forbidden knowledge. He explains how the Book was a vital component of Second Temple messianic Judaism and speculative Jewish mysticism, playing a key role in the development of both the Kabbalah and Gnostic mythology.Informed by continuing studies of the Dead Sea Scrolls, Churton provides the first comprehensive examination of the Book of Enoch, clarifying and refuting many errors of understanding about Enoch's apocalyptic and sometimes sensational prophecies.Tobias Churton is a British scholar of Rosicrucianism, Freemasonry, Gnosticism, and other esoteric movements. He has a Master's degree in Theology from Brasenose College, Oxford. He is the author of Gnostic Philosophy, The Magus of Freemasonry, and Freemasonry and other works on esotericism.WebsiteBookhttps://amzn.to/3IZL8BaBecome a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/the-opperman-report--1198501/support.
1. Where There Is Smoke, There Is Fire. 2. When the Tabernacle Was Dedicated, the Divine Smoke Kept Everyone out. 3. When the Temple Was Dedicated, the Divine Smoke Kept Everyone out. 4. When the Second Temple Was Dedicated, There Was no Divine Smoke. 5. The Presence of Jesus Was the Glory of the Second Temple. 6. The Second Temple Was Destroyed When it Had Fulfilled its Purpose. 7. We Are the Living Stones of the Third Temple. 8. God Comes to Put Covenant Breakers on Trial. 9. The fear of Yahweh is the key to this treasure. 10. There Has Always Been a Godly Remnant Within an Ungodly People. 11. Our God Is a Consuming Fire. 12. Our Lord Jesus Is the King in his Beauty. 13. The King Takes away our Sin and Heals us. 14. May our Consuming Fire Consume all our Evil.
Today in History: God created Adam and Eve on Rosh Hashanah (according to tradition, see Genesis 1:26). The waters of the Great Flood drained and the dove did not return. Noah removed the cover of the ark, but he stayed inside (possible date, see Genesis 8). Abraham bound his son Isaac to offer him on Mount Moriah on this day (according to tradition, see Genesis 22). The daily sacrifice resumed on God's altar, but the Second Temple itself was not yet rebuilt (see Ezra 3:6). Ezra the Scribe read the Torah to the exiles who had returned to Jerusalem (see Nehemiah8:1). It may be the day Messiah was born in Bethlehem of Judah (possible date, see Luke 2). The "Days of Awe" begin, the tendays from Rosh HaShanah to Yom Kippur.This week's portion is called Vajelech (He Went)TORAH PORTION: Genesis 21HAFTARAH: 1 Samuel 1:1–2:10APOSTLES: 1 Thessalonians 4:13–18 9How does the Haftarah connect to this holiday reading?How do the Apostles connect to this holiday?Daily Bread for Kids is a daily Bible reading podcast where we read through the Torah and the Gospels in one year! Helping young Bible-readers to study God's Word, while also discovering its Jewish context!THE KIDS' JOURNAL is available from https://arielmedia.shopBUSY MOMS who want to follow the Daily Bread readings on podcast for adults, can go to https://dailybreadmoms.comThe Bible translation we are reading from is the Tree of Life Version (TLV) available from the Tree of Life Bible Society.INSTAGRAM: @dailybreadkids @arielmediabooks @dailybreadmomsTags: #DailyBreadMoms #DailyBreadJournal #BibleJournaling #Messianic #BiblePodcast #BiblicalFeasts #Journal #biblereadingplan #Messiah #JewishRoots #Yeshua #GodIsInControl #OneYearBible #MomLife #MotherCulture #FaithFilledMama #BiblicalWomanhood #Proverbs31woman
Scripture: 1 Kings 2:1-4, 2 Samuel 7:16, Daniel 2:44, Daniel 7:13-14, Daniel 9:26, Acts 2:29-32. We will take a look at David's legacy. 1 Kings 2:1-4, “When the time drew near for David to die, he gave a charge to Solomon his son, “I am about to go the way of all the earth,” he said. “So be strong, act like a man, and observe what the Lord your God requires: Walk in obedience to him, and keep his decrees and commands, his laws and regulations, as written in the Law of Moses. Do this so that you may prosper in all you do and wherever you go and that the Lord may keep his promise to me: ‘If your descendants watch how they live, and if they walk faithfully before me with all their heart and soul, you will never fail to have a successor on the throne of Israel.'” Prosper - by obedience to God, faithful to God. Promise - He wants to know there will continue to be godly men on the throne. (Our next questions are: What do we know and what happened? Find out more about the descendants of David in our weekly Bible class “Kings and Prophets from Solomon to Jeremiah” on Tuesdays at 9:30am CT watch here: https://www.awakeusnow.com/tuesday-bible-class ) Back to today's story…. In 2 Samuel 7:16 we read a promise God gave David, “Your house and your kingdom will endure forever before me; your throne will be established forever.” FOREVER! Two times! So the question is, “Did God break His word?” We know David's line did end… Zedekiah, was the last descendant of David on the throne at Jerusalem. 586 BC. The answer - “But Daniel…” Pastor shares the story of Daniel's interpretation of King Nebuchadnezzar's dream. Daniel 2:44, ““In the time of those kings, the God of heaven will set up a kingdom that will never be destroyed, nor will it be left to another people. It will crush all those kingdoms and bring them to an end, but it will itself endure forever.” There's the “forever” word again. In Daniel 7:13-14 Daniel has a vision, ““In my vision at night I looked, and there before me was one like a son of man, coming with the clouds of heaven. He approached the Ancient of Days and was led into his presence. He was given authority, glory and sovereign power; all nations and peoples of every language worshiped him. His dominion is an everlasting dominion that will not pass away, and his kingdom is one that will never be destroyed.” The book of Daniel, through the discovery of the Dead Sea Scrolls and some recent discoveries, has theologians, linguists and historians reexamining and taking a fresh look at the ancient past - they are discovering that what Daniel shared was actually true. David's prophetic statements challenge world-views. Daniel 9:26 “The Anointed One will be put to death and will have nothing. The people of the rule who will come sill destroy the city and the sanctuary.” (When the 4th kingdom comes the Messiah will be killed, the temple and the city will be destroyed.) Daniel predicted 100's of years in advance: ⁃ Four great empires will arise (Daniel 2:44) ⁃ Son of Man given all authority (Daniel 7:13) ⁃ All nations will worship him (Daniel 7:14) ⁃ His kingdom will be forever (Daniel 7:14) ⁃ Anointed One will be killed (Daniel 9:26) ⁃ Second Temple will be destroyed (Daniel 9:26) Daniel predicted 100's of years in advance that the Messiah would come at the time of the Romans (4th empire) an empire that had not yet risen at the time of the prophecy, that the second temple which had not yet been built would be destroyed by the 4th empire (the Romans - who actually did destroy the temple and the city of Jerusalem), that the Messiah would be killed (He was crucified and died on the Roman cross) and the Messiah's death would happen before the second temple was destroyed. The Messiah is Jesus who is also a descendant of David! And Jesus the Messiah will reign FOREVER! It is a remarkable prophecy - As believers this reinforces our faith and if you are not a believer, our prayer is that this causes you to seek Jesus out because you will find Him! Pastor closes with Peter's testimony in Acts 2:29-32 where we read that David's greatest legacy is Jesus the Messiah. The scriptures - recorded and preserved things going back hundreds and thousands of years, and continue to show itself to be reliable, trustworthy and true. They call us back to Jesus, they call us to come back to Him and respond to Him, to repentant and receive Jesus as our Savior, Lord and King. God does keep His word and may He bring the legacy of David - our Lord Jesus Christ - to the very heart and center of all of our lives. Now What? Learn about God at https://www.awakeusnow.com EVERYTHING we offer is FREE. Check out this video series from our website: https://www.awakeusnow.com/david-and-gods-heart Join us Sundays https://www.awakeusnow.com/sunday-service Watch via our app. Text HELLO to 888-364-4483 to download our app.
Scripture: 1 Kings 3:1, 1 Kings 3:4ff, 1 Kings 3:16ff, 1 Kings 6, 1 Kings 8, 2 Chronicles 5-7, 2 Chronicles 3:1, Genesis 22, 1 Kings 9, 2 Chronicles 7:14, 1 Kings 9:4-5 This study helps us dig deeper into Solomon: Wise Leader ⁃ Pharaoh's Daughter - 1 Kings 3:1 - Solomon secures a peace treaty with Egypt and a strategic marriage to one of the Pharaoh's daughter's. ⁃ Sacrifices at Gibeon - 1 Kings 3:4ff - shortly after taking the throne we see Him following his father David's advice. We see Solomon going to Gibeon to offer sacrifices to God and commits his life to God. The Lord appears to Solomon in a dream saying “ask for whatever you want.” Solomon replies in humility, and asks to be given a discerning heart to distinguish between right and wrong so that he can govern the nation justly and well. He sought God's wisdom and guidance so that he could bless and nurture the children of Israel. The Lord was pleased with Solomon's reply and gave him what he asked for, plus God told him He would give him even more than what he had asked for: wealth and honor. ⁃ 2 Prostitutes - 1 Kings 3:16ff - Two prostitutes come to Solomon. Both have birthed boys but one had rolled over on her son and the child died. But they each claimed the living son as their own. Solomon says, “bring me a sword and cut the living child in two and give half to one and half to the other.” But at that point the real mother says, “oh please don't do that.” And the other woman says, “yes, do it.” Solomon then gives the living child to the one who had asked for the child to be spared because she was the real mother. King Solomon was admired greatly by his people for his wisdom from God in administering justice. He is recognized as very wise. Solomon: Builder ⁃ Temple Construction - 1 Kings 6 - in the 4th year of his reign Solomon begins building the Temple of the Lord. ca. 966 BC. It will take 7 years to build this incredible temple. Temple was only for priests, but people would gather in the courtyards around the temple. The temple has 3 sections: The Porch, The Holy Place, and the Holy of Holies. The interior was covered in gold. The Ark of the Covenant was placed in the Holy of Holies where the High Priest went once per year on the Day of Atonement - Yom Kippur. A place of shed blood pointing to the One who is the Lamb of God/The Mercy Seat/The Messiah/Jesus our Savior. In 2 Chronicles 3:1 we read that the Temple was build on Mount Moriah. The place of the story where Abraham had taken his only son Isaac. Pastor shares prophetic likeness to Jesus in this story of Genesis 22. (This will also be the location of the Second Temple). ⁃ Temple Dedication - 1 Kings 8 & 2 Chronicles 5-7. When the Ark of the Covenant was brought into the Holy of Holies, the glory of the Lord filled the temple! Solomon shares a sermonette and a powerful prayer. Solomon's heart is to win people to the Living God - that they walk in faith and obedience to God. And when he finished praying a fire came down from heaven and consumed the burnet offering and the sacrifices and the glory of the Lord filled the temple. The people began shouting praises and thanks to God. And a multiple sacrifices were given to God. ⁃ God appears to Solomon a second time - 1 Kings 9 & 2 Chronicles 7:14 - God speaks to Solomon and tells him that He wants to bring blessing saying, “If my people, who are called by my name, will humble themselves and pray and seek my face and turn from their wicked ways, then I will hear from heaven, and I will forgive their sin and will heal their land.” This too is our prayer - it is a prayer for us still today - a prayer for our nations, that we would seek God, turn from our wickedness, because He will hear from heaven and heal our land. God closes His time with Solomon with these words: (1 Kings 9:4-5) “As for you, if you walk before me faithfully with integrity of heart and uprightness….and do all I command …. I will establish your royal throne over Israel forever, as I promised David…”. God calls Solomon to Himself and God calls each one of us to Himself! Now What? Learn about God at https://www.awakeusnow.com EVERYTHING we offer is FREE. View live or on demand: https://www.awakeusnow.com/tuesday-bible-class Join us Sundays https://www.awakeusnow.com/sunday-service Watch via our app. Text HELLO to 888-364-4483 to download our app.
Thoughts re: the existential tension between the public and the religious elites in the Second Temple period and afterward.
Our story begins not in Israel, not in Palestine, but in Judaea. The Romans had oppressed the Jewish people for decades, and by 66 AD, they had finally had enough. The First Roman-Jewish War was one of the most cataclysmic wars of the ancient world, told to us by a historian who saw it all happen - but how much can we trust what he says? This is the story of Josephus, the Romans, the Jews, the Second Temple of Jerusalem...and a war for the freedom of Zion.Sources: https://www.unknownsoldierspodcast.com/post/episodes-61-and-62-wailing-walls-part-1-and-wailing-walls-part-2-maps-and-sourcesMusic:"Jewel Of Nekhen" by WombatNoisesAudio | https://soundcloud.com/user-734462061Music promoted by https://www.free-stock-music.comCreative Commons / Attribution 3.0 Unported License (CC BY 3.0)https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/deed.en_USThe Legion by Alexander Nakarada (https://www.creatorchords.com) Licensed under Creative Commons BY Attribution 4.0 License https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"Under Siege" by Tyler Cunningham, via Pond5.com
The sages derive halakhah from a brief phrase in a verse from Leviticus - on an "am ha-aretz," a commoner, or more specifically from a halakhic sense, a person who is not careful regarding certain aspects of Jewish law - and when he would bring a sin-offering to atone. This status excludes a "meshumad," an apostate, who can't atone with a sin-offering for a general intent to act against Torah. Though even the apostate can be selective in when he wants to observe Torah and when he is intent on breaking the given halakhah - for example, one who is willing to eat forbidden fat, but not willing to eat blood. Plus, an apostate vs. a heretic, where the first follows his desire, while the second is antagonistic to Torah. Also, a new mishnah! More on the anointed kohen - namely, one who was made kohen gadol with the anointing oil, and not what happened later, in the Second Temple period, where the kohen gadol was inaugurated by wearing the 8 garments of the kohen gadol, as there was no anointing oil then. Note the differences (or lack thereof) between the kohanim in the different eras. Plus, the anointing of a king, and the anointing in the future...
Welcome to Rock Harbor Church's channel on Sermon Audio. We pray this message strengthens your faith and deepens your walk with our Lord and Savior, Jesus Christ. In this teaching, Pastor Brandon unpacks the profound biblical concepts of profaning the name of God and the cultural, covenantal, and spiritual significance of head coverings. Journey through Scripture from Leviticus to 1 Corinthians 11, explore the ancient Near Eastern shame culture, and discover how these practices connect to Genesis 6, the Nephilim, and the spiritual warfare believers face today. Pastor Brandon reveals the biblical pattern of spiritual authority, the dangers of rebellion, and the way fallen angels exploit breaches in God's order. Drawing from Jewish background, Second Temple literature, and modern parallels, this message sheds light on modesty, authority, and the unseen battle in the spiritual realm.
We are now in a period in the liturgical calendar of the Jewish people known as the Three Weeks, which begins on the seventeenth day of the Hebrew month of Tammuz, and continues through the ninth day of the month of Av. It is a period of mourning and commemoration of many experiences of tragedy and sorrow in the Jewish past, and it culminates on the Ninth of Av, or Tisha b'Av, because on that day, in the year 586 BCE, Nebuchadnezzar's forces destroyed the First Temple in Jerusalem. It was also on that day, in the year 70 CE, that Roman forces destroyed the Second Temple in Jerusalem. These events the Jewish people, together, as a nation, remember at this time of year. But how can a person remember an event that he or she never experienced? That is the organizing question that the rabbi and historian Jacob J. Schacter asks in his eight-part video course, “The Jewish Meaning of Memory.” That course, like all of Tikvah's video courses, is available free of charge at courses.tikvah.org. This week, to elevate our study during the Three Weeks, we are broadcasting its first episode.
How the Bible Was Formed E4 — In the last three episodes of this short series, we focused on the formation of the Hebrew Bible, or the Old Testament. We also talked about other works of literature from the Second Temple period, known collectively as the Deuterocanon or Apocrypha. Today, we'll finally explore yet another collection of Second Temple literature that was formed around the life, death, and resurrection of Jesus—the New Testament. In this episode, Jon and Tim look at the people in the early Jesus movement who wrote, collected, and distributed these biographies about Jesus and letters to churches across the Roman Empire.CHAPTERSThe Fulfillment of the Hebrew Scriptures (0:00-13:51)What the Gospels Are and How They Came to Be (13:51-25:42)The Crew Who Shaped the New Testament (25:42-47:19)The Letters That Lasted (47:19-52:35)Sacred Scribal Abbreviations (52:35-1:05:01)Conclusion to Series (1:05:01-1:08:15)OFFICIAL EPISODE TRANSCRIPTView this episode's official transcript.REFERENCED RESOURCESThe DidacheJesus and the Eyewitnesses: The Gospels as Eyewitness Testimony by Richard BauckhamThe Formation and Significance of the Christian Biblical Canon: A Study in Text, Ritual and Interpretation by Tomas BokedalCheck out the The Deuterocanon / Apocrypha video series.You can view annotations for this episode—plus our entire library of videos, podcasts, articles, and classes—in the BibleProject app, available for Android and iOS.Check out Tim's extensive collection of recommended books here.SHOW MUSIC“at the pictures” by Lofi Sunday, Cassidy Godwin “little adventures” by Lofi Sunday, Cassidy Godwin “Church Pew ft. Oly.Lo, WISDM-02” by Lofi Sunday “Yo-05” by Lofi Sunday, Just DerrickBibleProject theme song by TENTSSHOW CREDITSProduction of today's episode is by Lindsey Ponder, producer, and Cooper Peltz, managing producer. Tyler Bailey is our supervising engineer, who edited today's episode and provided the sound design and mix. JB Witty does our show notes, and Hannah Woo provides the annotations for our app. Our host and creative director is Jon Collins, and our lead scholar is Tim Mackie. Powered and distributed by Simplecast.