Podcasts about tobacco research

In this episode, Dr Elle Wadsworth talks to three generations of tobacco/nicotine researchers: Dr Sarah Jackson and Emeritus Professors Martin Jarvis and Robert West, all from the Department of Behavioural Science and Health at University College London. They discuss a recent editorial, ‘The price of a cigarette: 20 minutes of life?' – why the message resonated, what was and is difficult to convey in tobacco research, and how the media coverage has changed for tobacco research over the years. · What the editorial is about [00:56]· Why the editorial resonated with the public and the media [01:40]· What messages were difficult to convey to the public [03:05]· Why the number of ‘20 minutes of life' has increased since the last estimate and why it is longer for women [07:43]· Choosing persuasive pieces and soundbites to communicate to the public [12:13]· The misinterpretation of research in the media and the difficulty in delivering nuance [14:08]· How the media coverage on tobacco and smoking has changed over the years [16:23]Dr Sarah Jackson is a Principal Research Fellow within UCL's Tobacco and Alcohol Research Group. She has authored >100 peer-reviewed articles on nicotine and tobacco. Her research activity focuses primarily on modelling population trends in smoking, evaluating smoking cessation interventions and policies, and advancing the evidence base on vaping. She is President of SRNT Europe, Senior Editor for Addiction, and Social Media Editor for Nicotine & Tobacco Research. Martin Jarvis is Professor Emeritus of Health Psychology at the Department of Behavioural Science and Health, UCL, having for many years worked with Michael Russell's smoking research group at the Institute of Psychiatry and then Cancer Research UK's Health Behaviour Unit. He has researched and published widely on tobacco smoking, with special interests in the role of nicotine, social and family influences on smoking, smoking cessation methods and passive smoking. He was awarded an OBE in 2002.Robert West is Professor Emeritus of Health Psychology at UCL. He specialises in behaviour change and addiction. He is former Editor-in-Chief of Addiction, and has acted as an advisor to the English Department of Health on tobacco control and currently advises the Public Health Wales Behavioural Science Unit. He helped write the blueprint for the UK's national network of stop-smoking clinics and is co-founder of the Capability-Opportunity-Motivation, Behaviour (COM-B) model of behaviour, the Behaviour Change Wheel framework for intervention development, and the PRIME Theory of motivation. Original article: The price of a cigarette: 20 minutes of life? https://doi.org/10.1111/add.16757 Authors praised the seminal work of the late Professor Michael Anthony Hamilton Russell (1932–2009). For further reading on the legacy of his landmark research, see here: https://doi.org/10.1111/add.14043The opinions expressed in this podcast reflect the views of the host and interviewees and do not necessarily represent the opinions or official positions of the SSA or Addiction journal. The SSA does not endorse or guarantee the accuracy of the information in external sources or links and accepts no responsibility or liability for any consequences arising from the use of such information. Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

The James Center for Tobacco Research “is truly one of the largest, if not the largest centers in the country and we clearly have the greatest breadth and depth of tobacco research in the country,” said Ted Wagener, PhD, director of the Center. Since the adoption of the 2009 Tobacco Control Act, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration has regulated the tobacco industry. Wagener compared this to “whack-a-mole,” explaining that “the tobacco industry is always looking for loopholes.” These loopholes include the use of menthol, synthetic cooling agents, electronic cigarettes and flavored products for electronic cigarette use that are more attractive to teenagers. The tobacco industry is also developing a synthetic nicotine product that might not be considered a tobacco product in order to avoid regulation by the FDA. “We can, as researchers, affect legislation through our research … and we're trying to stay one step ahead of the [tobacco-producing companies],” Wagener said. “And that's tough to do because they're the ones creating the products.” For example, Wagener explained, tobacco companies use menthol to make their products less harsh and more palatable. “Menthol has a cooling sensation that makes it easier for young people to inhale.” He adds that research has shown that the tobacco industry targets younger users through these types of “starter programs,” hoping to create lifelong users. Initial research indicates electronic cigarettes are a nicotine delivery system that “delivers less carcinogens and toxicants than cigarettes,” Wagener said. “But still there are some carcinogens and toxicants and so, it seems to me, the cigarette companies are trying to come up with ways to negate the bad effects and still deliver nicotine. So far they haven't been able to. In the meantime, they're going to sell whatever they can and try to get away with whatever they can.” For example, while flavors for electronic cigarettes are banned, they are still readily available. While the number of smokers in the United States is dropping “we still have 500,000 people a year dying of tobacco-related diseases,” Wagener said.

With (sort of) special appearances by Tobin Bell, Rosalind Franklin, and a 19th-century Dutch scientist whose name I certainly did not get right. Music by James Milor from Pixabay Information provided by: Tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) - A model system for tissue culture interventions and genetic engineering by Thumballi R. Ganapathi, et al. (2004) [Abstract] In vitro transformation of cultured cells from Nicotiana tabacum by Agrobacterium tumefaciens by L. Marton, et al. (1979) [Abstract] https://www.pmiscience.com/en/smoke-free/nicotine/tobacco-plant-research/ On the historical significance of Beijerinck and his contagium vivum fluidum for modern virology by Neeraja Sankaran (2018) Therapeutic potential and phytoremediation capabilities of the tobacco plant: Advancements through genetic engineering and cultivation techniques by Nidhi Selwal, et al. (2023) https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bcab.2023.102845 PLANT vs. PATHOGEN: Enlisting Tobacco in the Fight Against Anthrax by Graeme Stemp-Morlock (2006) https://doi.org/10.1289%2Fehp.114-a364 “Tobacco Research and Its Relevance to Science, Medicine and Industry” by T.C. Tso (2006) DOI: 10.2478/cttr-2013-0824 Phytochemicals derived from Nicotiana tabacum L. plant contribute to pharmaceutical development by Wenji Zhang, et al. (2024) https://doi.org/10.3389%2Ffphar.2024.1372456

Often, much of the research on e-cigarettes, nicotine, and youth use appears flawed or even outrageous. According to mainstream media, vaping could be responsible for everything from shrinking testicles and plummeting sperm counts to tooth decay and gum disease. However, some research could be downright dangerous, making claims that nicotine vapes cause cancer, heart disease, and stroke, and that they are riskier than combustible tobacco. Joining us today to discuss the ongoing issue of questionable science on safer nicotine products is Dr. Arielle Selya, a behavioral scientist at PinneyAssociates, a U.S.-based firm that provides consulting services on tobacco harm reduction to Juul Labs. Only on RegWatch by RegulatorWatch.com. Released: June 4, 2024 Produced by Brent Stafford https://youtu.be/-UHvjfluOtM This episode is supported by DEMAND VAPE Make RegWatch happen, go to https://support.regulatorwatch.com #RegWatch #VapeNews  

Jamie Hartmann-Boyce and Nicola Lindson discuss emerging evidence in e-cigarette research interview Ian Pope. Associate Professor Jamie Hartmann-Boyce and Dr Nicola Lindson discuss the new evidence in e-cigarette research and interview Dr Ian Pope, an emergency medicine physician and honorary associate professor at Norwich Medical School, about his new trial, which he co leads with Professor Caitlin Notley from the University of East Anglia. The new trial is the COSTED trial, the Cessation of Smoking Trial in the Emergency Department and funded by the British National Institutes of Health Research. This is a multi-centre randomised controlled trial, based in 6 emergency departments around the UK. This study tested the real-world effectiveness of an emergency department based smoking cessation intervention that included provision of an e-cigarette starter kit compared to usual care. (ClinicalTrial.gov:NCT04854616). Adults who smoke tobacco and were attending one of six EDs across the UK were randomised to either control (in which case they were given written information about stop smoking services) or intervention (brief smoking cessation intervention, provision of an e-cigarette starter kit, and referral to stop smoking services). Both groups were followed up 1, 3 and 6 months after randomisation. Smoking abstinence was biochemically verified at 6 months. There were over a thousand participants and biochemically verified smoking cessation rate of 7.2% in the intervention group 4.1% in the control group. The study found that it was feasible to implement a smoking cessation intervention in EDs with dedicated staff time to deliver the intervention and that EDs may represent an excellent opportunity to engage hard to reach smokers. Pope I, Notley C, Boyle A, Results of the cessation of smoking trial in the emergency department (COSTED), Emergency Medicine Journal / 2023;40(12):873-874 This podcast is a companion to the electronic cigarettes Cochrane living systematic review and shares the evidence from the monthly searches. Our literature searches carried out on 1st March found the following 1 new study: Hoeppner BB, Eddie D, Schick M, Hoeppner SS, Kelly L, Kelly JF, Feasibility of and reactivity to ecological momentary assessment (EMA) during electronic cigarette use initiation in adults who smoke daily: MASKED FOR REVIEW, European Journal of Psychiatry / 2024;38(3):100247. 10.1016/j.ejpsy.2023.100247 3 papers linked to studies included in the review: Auer R, Schoeni A, Humair J-P, Jacot-Sadowski I, Berlin I, Stuber MJ, Haller ML, Tango RC, Frei A, Strassmann A, Bruggmann P, Baty F, Brutsche M, Tal K, Baggio S, Jakob J, Sambiagio N, Hopf NB, Feller M, Rodondi N, Berthet A, Electronic Nicotine-Delivery Systems for Smoking Cessation, The New England journal of medicine / 2024;390(7):601-610. 10.1056/NEJMoa2308815 Piper ME, Schlam TR, Donny EC, Kobinsky K, Matthews J, Piasecki TM, Jorenby DE, The Impact of Three Alternate Nicotine-Delivery Products on Combusted Cigarette Use: A Randomized Controlled Trial, Nicotine & Tobacco Research, 2024;, ntae014, 10.1093/ntr/ntae014 Correction to Yingst: Changes in Nicotine Dependence Among Smokers Using Electronic Cigarettes to Reduce Cigarette Smoking in a Randomized Controlled Trial, Nicotine & Tobacco Research, 2023;, ntad229, 10.1093/ntr/ntad229 For further details see our webpage under 'Monthly search findings': https://www.cebm.ox.ac.uk/research/electronic-cigarettes-for-smoking-cessation-cochrane-living-systematic-review-1 For more information on the full Cochrane review updated in January 2024 see: https://www.cochranelibrary.com/cdsr/doi/10.1002/14651858.CD010216.pub8/full This podcast is supported by Cancer Research UK.

The next chapter in the career of Peter Shields, MD, has begun. “Now I get to do what I started out doing … seeing patients and doing research,” he said. Shields recently stepped down as deputy director of The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, a position he has held for more than a decade. Under his leadership, the Center continued to grow at a rapid rate and has become established as one of the leading cancer-research institutions in the world. But Shields, a lung-cancer specialist, is definitely not retiring. He will continue to see patients and do research. And, he is also in the midst of becoming licensed as a paramedic. “I had this passion as an undergraduate and in medical school for being an (emergency medical technician) and riding in ambulances, going to places where people really need help.” As deputy director of the Comprehensive Cancer Center, Shields recruited new physicians and scientists, helped pull together teams that collaborated to do research and apply for grants, and he helped created the Pelotonia Institute for Immuno-Oncology and the Center for Tobacco Research. “My job was to be a catalyst,” he explained. “It's not me doing the research, but it's understanding that this is the direction we need to go and fostering collaborations and providing our great people with the tools they need.”

The UW Center for Tobacco Research and Intervention is getting a new leader, new artwork at Wingra school honors indigenous heritage, and Black Oxygen returns today. It's Metcalfe's Monday! Today's episode is brought to you by Metcalfe's Markets, as well as Steinhafels and Log2Lose.

The UW Center for Tobacco Research and Intervention is getting a new leader, new artwork at Wingra school honors indigenous heritage, and Black Oxygen returns today. It's Metcalfe's Monday! Today's episode is brought to you by Metcalfe's Markets, as well as Steinhafels and Log2Lose.

Jamie Hartmann-Boyce and Nicola Lindson discuss emerging evidence in e-cigarette research and interview Associate Sarah Pratt, Department of Psychiatry, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth University, New Hampshire, USA. Associate Professor Jamie Hartmann-Boyce and Dr Nicola Lindson discuss the new evidence in e-cigarette research and interview Associate Professor Sarah Pratt from Dartmouth University. This podcast is a companion to the electronic cigarettes Cochrane living systematic review and shares the evidence from the monthly searches. Sarah Pratt discusses her research and her study of e-cigarette provision to people with serious mental illness to support them transitioning away from combustible tobacco. This research is funded by the US National Institute on Drug Abuse. An abstract of this work was presented at the Society for Research into Nicotine and Tobacco, SRNT, meeting in 2023 and published in Nicotine & Tobacco Research last year. People with serious mental illness (SMI) have great difficulty quitting and sustaining abstinence, warranting novel harm reduction strategies, including switching to potentially reduced-harm nicotine products, such as e-cigarettes. Sarah Pratt and her team conducted the first-ever trial of e-cigarette provision with instructions on their safe use versus usual care in 240 chronic smokers with SMI. They tested whether substitution of e-cigarettes could reduce harm as measured by the cigarette metabolite and carcinogen NNAL (the nitrosamine (4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanol). The e-cigarette group had significantly lower NNAL at 4 weeks but the group difference was attenuated at 8 weeks. This study demonstrated rapid short-term harm reduction among chronic smokers with SMI assigned to receive e-cigarettes. The attenuation of this effect at 8 weeks suggests that smokers with SMI require more than e-cigarette provision alone to maintain reduced smoking. Sarah and her team conclude that development of a behavioural intervention in addition to e-cigarette provision seems warranted to prevent morbidity and early mortality in this high-risk group of smokers. For more information on the study see: Pratt SI, Ferron JC, Brunette MF, Santos M, Sargent J, Xie H. E-Cigarette Provision to Promote Switching in Cigarette Smokers with Serious Mental Illness-A Randomized Trial. Nicotine Tob Res. 2022 Aug 6;24(9):1405-1412. doi: 10.1093/ntr/ntac082. PMID: 35363874; PMCID: PMC9356685. SRNT 2023, abstract PPS22-5, RCT assessing the effect of e-cigarettes versus usual smoking on NNAL among chronic smokers with serious mental illness.

Learn about different tobacco products, including smoking, hookah, and vaping, and the resources available to help Wisconsinites looking for help with quitting. On the latest episode of Well Wisconsin Radio, Megan Piper, PhD, professor in the University of Wisconsin Department of Medicine and research director at the University of Wisconsin Center for Tobacco Research and Intervention addresses methods for quitting and shares ideas for adopting healthy habits and supporting a loved one on their journey to quit. Learn more about the positive benefits experienced after giving up tobacco and gain motivation for getting started.  University of Wisconsin Center for Tobacco Research and Intervention Discover resources and learn more about UW-CTRI's tobacco research that is translated into tobacco treatment.Wisconsin Tobacco Quit Line For free assistance and a customized quit plan, call the Wisconsin Tobacco Quit Line at 1-800-QUIT NOW or text "READY" to 200-400.  The Truth Initiative Teens and young adults can join for free by texting DITCHVAPE to 88709. Parents can text QUIT to (202) 899-7550 to sign up to receive text messages designed specifically for parents of vapers. The information in this podcast does not provide medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. It should not be used as a substitute for health care from a licensed healthcare professional. Consult with your healthcare provider for individualized treatment or before beginning any new program.

Cigarette smoking is the leading cause of preventable death, disability and disease in the United States, reports the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. We talk about quitting tobacco with the director of clinical service at UW-Madison Center for Tobacco Research and Intervention.

Tobacco has a long and storied history but its effects on the modern world cannot be ignored. It was hailed as a cure to many ailments for years but as we understand more - we understand that its REALLY bad for you. Something like 80-90% of lung cancer cases are related to smoking along with a plethora of other diseases. Curious? Want to learn more about the receptors and brain areas affected by nicotine, the active ingredient in cigarettes? Come and take a listen!Also if you have the means/desire to financially support this podcast - please go to https://www.buymeacoffee.com/neuroscienceI really appreciate it!!!Citations and relevant papers are below! 1907 - Handbook of American Indians north of Mexico, Part I; Frederick Webb Hodge. Internet Archives; Bureau of American Ethnology. Published online January 21, 2019. Accessed June 13, 2022. https://digitalcommons.csumb.edu/hornbeck_ind_3/3/Baron JA. Beneficial effects of nicotine and cigarette smoking: the real, the possible and the spurious. British medical bulletin. 1996;52(1):58-73. doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.bmb.a011533Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Health Effects of Smoking and Tobacco Use. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Published February 9, 2017. https://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/basic_information/health_effects/index.htm#:~:text=Smoking%20causes%20cancer%2C%20heart%20diseasePsychopharmacology 3e Web Box 13.1 - Pharmacology in Action: Why Do Tobacco Plants Make Nicotine? learninglink.oup.com. Accessed June 13, 2022. https://learninglink.oup.com/access/content/psychopharmacology-3e-student-resources/psychopharmacology-3e-web-box-13-1-pharmacology-in-action-why-do-tobacco-plants-make-nicotinePubChem. Nicotine. Nih.gov. Published 2019. https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/nicotineHolz RW, Fisher SK. Synaptic Transmission. Basic Neurochemistry: Molecular, Cellular and Medical Aspects 6th edition. Published online 1999. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK27911/Hogg RC, Raggenbass M, Bertrand D. Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors: from structure to brain function. Reviews of Physiology, Biochemistry and Pharmacology. 2003;147:1-46. doi:10.1007/s10254-003-0005-1Taly A, Corringer PJ, Guedin D, Lestage P, Changeux JP. Nicotinic receptors: allosteric transitions and therapeutic targets in the nervous system. Nature Reviews Drug Discovery. 2009;8(9):733-750. doi:10.1038/nrd2927Abuse NI on D. How does tobacco deliver its effects? National Institute on Drug Abuse. https://nida.nih.gov/publications/research-reports/tobacco-nicotine-e-cigarettes/how-does-tobacco-deliver-its-effectsChen X, Stacy A, Zheng H, et al. Sensations from initial exposure to nicotine predicting adolescent smoking in China: A potential measure of vulnerability to nicotine. Nicotine & Tobacco Research. 2003;5(4):455-463. doi:10.1080/14622200307239Laviolette SR, van der Kooy D. The neurobiology of nicotine addiction: bridging the gap from molecules to behaviour. Nature Reviews Neuroscience. 2004;5(1):55-65. doi:10.1038/nrn1298Marshall AM, Heffernan T. Smoking harms not just your physical health, but your mental health too. The Conversation. https://theconversation.com/smoking-harms-not-just-your-physical-health-but-your-mental-health-too-69021#:~:text=Long%2Dterm%20smoking%20hasSupport the show

Tobacco smoking is responsible for more deaths in the US each year than any other preventable cause of mortality. Approximately 14% of US adults smoke cigarettes, of whom an estimated 70% want to quit smoking. JAMA Associate Editor Kristin Walter, MD, MS, discusses the recent JAMA article titled “Treatment of Smoking Cessation—A Review” with one of the authors, Nancy Rigotti, MD, who is director of the Tobacco Research and Treatment Center at Massachusetts General Hospital and is a professor at Harvard Medical School. Related Content: Treatment of Tobacco Smoking

The 174-year-old tobacco company spent much of its life blowing a cloud of deceit around the deadly effects of its signature product. Now eager for a do-over, PMI's highly advertised “Unsmoke the World” initiative seems strangely noble, until you start asking questions.* FULL TRANSCRIPT *TEDDY ROOSEVELT: Surely there never was a fight better worth making than the one which we are in.BOB GARFIELD: Welcome to Bully Pulpit. That was Teddy Roosevelt, I'm Bob Garfield. This is episode five: Where There's No Smoke, There's Fire.It's been a hot and violent and infectious and altogether unsettling summer, in the midst of which — in the New York Times and all over the internet — emerged this: Philip-Morris International CEO Yatzick Olczak in an ad campaign speaking about the dangers of cigarettes.OLCZAK: The science exists today and there is no time to spare to solve the problem of smoking.The problem of smoking? From the maker of Marlboro's? There's an attention getter. A bona fide Merchant of Death vowing to phase out cigarettes in favor of so-called smoke-free products, like his company's non-combustible IQOS.TUTORIAL: Say hello to new IQOS heat control technology. Using it couldn't be easier. Remove the IQOS holder from the pocket charger, insert the tobacco stick tobacco side down in the holder and up to the silver line. Turn on, and when the LED turns solid green you can start to experience the true taste of real tobacco by heating, not burning it.The goal, Philip Morris says, is for smoke-free products to represent half of the company's revenue within four years. “Unsmoke the world,” is the slogan.OLCZAK: The prime cause of harm generated by the smoking is an outcome of the combustion. Okay? When you burn the cigarette, when you burn the tobacco you release the thousands of the chemicals. Many of those chemicals, they are very bad for the human body.Olczak says this as if it's a fresh revelation, but it's still jarring to hear Phillip Morris, of all institutions, speak of smoking as a scourge. And to bet the corporate future on a gizmo that aims to obsolete its core product. Listen to the man's frustration that there are skeptics who are not immediately accepting IQOS as a triumph of science and technology.OLCZAK: I do recognize that there is still a group of people who don't believe us. That's fine. So, it's perfectly okay to disagree with us, but it is not perfectly okay to deprive yourself from the ability to have a dialogue with us, to listen, to have a conversation, to read our science. We know that our vision is right, because of the impact PMI has on the society to solve the problem of smoking and the faster we recognize this whole thing and start working on a strategy, the better we all together will be.Oh, OK, now he's playing more to type — informing us that it is unacceptable to ignore Big Tobacco on the question of reducing tobacco's harm. Oh, is it now? Those of us of a certain age can vaguely remember — whaddayacallit? —  the 20th century, during the entirety of which Big Tobacco denied, for example, any link to cancer.REP. WAXMAN: In a deposition last year, you were asked whether cigarette smoking causes cancer. Your answer was, quote, “I don't believe so.” Do you stand by that answer today?TISCH: I do, sir.REP. WAXMAN: Do you understand how isolated you are in that belief from the entire scientific community?TISCH: I do, sir.That was from a 1994 hearing of the House Subcommittee on Health and the Environment, in which Congressman Henry Waxman famously confronted Lorillard CEO Andrew Tisch and six other tobacco bosses. But “isolated” wasn't the half of it. For decades, the industry denied links to heart and lung disease, denied the addictiveness of nicotine, denied chemically augmenting nicotine's effects, denied marketing to children — all the while actively undercutting scientific findings, actively producing junk science, falsely claiming filtered and so-called “light” cigarettes were safer and propping up a variety of sciency-sounding front groups — such as the Council for Tobacco Research — that seemed all distinguished and s**t but existed only to obscure the deadly truth about smoking. Which is why, by the way, when Philip Morris noisily pledged $80 million to help underwrite The Foundation for a Smoke Free World, both the World Health Organization and the UN General Assembly cited conflict of interest in telling Big Tobacco to butt out.Nonetheless, the promise of getting the deadly smoke out of smoking has captured many an imagination, including Wall Street's, which has rewarded Phillip Morris and other tobacco makers with bigger share prices and rosy outlooks from stock pickers. Because, the thinking goes, while it's counterintuitive to steer into a skid, that's the way to regain traction.PUNDIT: This is all kind of part of Philip Morris's general rebranding away from smoking products and cigarettes. And they're really seeing the writing on the wall here as cigarette sales in higher income countries continue to dwindle and they're coming under increasing pressure from many governments to curtail their cigarette sales. It's really become in their best interest to kind of make this general shift away from cigarettes and nicotine.That's from Britain's I24 business news. Lo and behold, analysts from Chase, Stiffel Nicklaus, UBS, JP Morgan, Morningstar Research and stock-predictor engine Trefis, have rated Philip Morris International a buy. At about 100 bucks a share, it's price has grown more than 40% in the past 10 months.Of course, while stock prices are historically a highly reliable measure of public sentiment, one thing the free market is notoriously free of is conscience. As a universe, investors are concerned with ongoing earnings growth and nothing else, which is why, as the planet burns to a cinder, Exxon Mobil's share price has doubled in the past year. What's surprising about the smoke-free strategy is that it also has been embraced by a significant cohort of the public health community. This is an excerpt of a video from Public Health England, in which doctors Lion Shahab and Rosemary Leonard show a dramatic experiment comparing the output of burning tobacco versus the nearly pristine vapor from smokeless cigarettes.SHAHAB: My research shows that e-cigarettes are significantly less harmful than cigarettes. A big reason why is the tar, which you can see here, which is not produced by e-cigarettes but produced by cigarettes. The impact of using e-cigarettes in the long-term is very similar to using licensed nicotine products such as nicotine patches or nicotine gum, as you can see here when you compare the control jar with the vapor jar.LEONARD: So, this experiment shows that every cigarette you smoke causes tar to enter your body and it's the tar that contains the poisonous chemicals that spread through the bloodstream.SHAHAB: Which are linked to diseases such as heart disease, stroke and cancer.That's one view. There is also an opposite one, as voiced by Dr. Vinayak Prasad, head of the World Health Organization's tobacco control division.PRASAD: Switching from cigarettes to e-cigarettes is not quitting, number one. Number two, we don't see the smokers switch to e-cigarettes 100 percent. The dual use is again very harmful. What we are also seeing is that more and more younger people are taking to e-cigarettes and then later progressing to tobacco.As for Philip Morris, he told the UK's Bureau of Investigative Journalism, quote:If they really want to be a part of the solution, they should go tobacco-free, not smoke-free. If they are genuine about a tobacco-free society, they will readily embrace anything to reduce the demand for all forms of tobacco products.Anything else, he says, is a “criminal act and a human rights violation.”In other words, within the tobacco-control universe, a schism — a polarizing debate hinging on the lesser of two evils. Ruth E. Malone is a professor of social and behavioral sciences at the University of California, San Francisco, and editor of the journal Tobacco Control.MALONE: We are adding all these new additional products and we are still sorting out what the overall public health impact of that is going to be. So is the impact going to be that, as some people say, it definitely is helpful for them in getting off cigarettes, but others revert back to smoking cigarettes and you just have a larger market of people using tobacco and nicotine products rather than actually reducing the damage from those products.The Public Health England tar experiment would seem to be a vivid and maybe even mic-drop argument for society gratefully accepting smoke-free technology. But to Malone, the whole schism-framing may itself be problematic. She worries that viewing the debate on stark, binary terms obscures a less obvious and highly dangerous element of Big Tobacco's strategy — namely, as Philip Morris's Olzcak insisted — claiming that its expertise has earned the industry a role in governmental decisions about tobacco regulations, treaties and laws. She posed a rhetorical question if ever there was one.MALONE: Should an industry that produces the single most deadly consumer product in history be involved in regulatory decisions about what to do about it and other products that are potentially supplanting or replacing or adding on to the damages caused by cigarettes?So, never mind “lesser of two evils.” How about “the fox guarding the henhouse.”MALONE: Part of the problem now is that, as they do periodically with some frequency, some tobacco companies are engaged in a big makeover, a part of which is aimed at undermining the tobacco control movement on a global level. We have to think not just about the United States, but also what's happening globally, where countries are trying to implement the world's first public health treaty, which is the Framework Convention on Tobacco Control, the WHO  treaty. And one of the provisions of that treaty is Article 5.3, and this is getting a little into the weeds, but basically it says don't let the tobacco companies interfere with your public health policies. They should not have a seat at the table because they have a conflict of interest. That seems pretty fundamental. And that is a real motivation right now for the tobacco companies, is to get back to the table where they can influence policies and prevent policies that might hurt their bottom line.Clearly, til now, the industry has engineered near impunity throughout the developing world. In 2020, the aforementioned Bureau of Investigative Journalism published an expose titled The ‘Unsmoke' screen: the truth behind PMI's cigarette-free future, a piece that looked beyond Phililp Morris's do-gooder narrative for evidence of the same old same old. For example, quote:Since it announced its aim to stop selling cigarettes, it has acquired a new cigarette company, launched a new brand, and added enticing new flavours such as Splash Mega Purple and Fusion Summer. It has also launched legal action against anti-smoking policies in countries like the Philippines, and has carried on advertising cigarettes in countries that permit it.COMMERCIAL: Wanna stand tall? Be true, be bold, be strong, be brave, be daring, be free, be heard, be inspired? You can say yes, or say no. Just never say maybe. Never say maybe. Be Marlboro.That's a Marlboro commercial aired in Indonesia, a country of 271 million people.  Furthermore, according to the BIJ story, quote: “Some pupils in Indonesia can see PMI's cigarette advertising mere steps from their schools' gates. Young people attending festivals in Buenos Aires are offered PMI cigarettes in promotions with beer. Children visiting corner shops in Mexico can see Marlboro's ‘fusion' cigarettes next to sweets.”BRANDT: We need to be very skeptical of these companies that claim that they've crossed over to legitimate health oriented products because they've made these claims, you know, since the 1950s.Allan M. Brandt is a professor of the history of science at Harvard and author of The Cigarette Century: The Rise, Fall, and Deadly Persistence of the Product That Defined America. In 2012, for the American Journal of Public Health, he wrote Inventing Conflicts of Interest: A History of Tobacco Industry Tactics.BRANDT: They told Americans, you know, if you're worried about smoking, smoke filter cigarettes and that was the beginning of Marlboro. You know, you had a cowboy smoking a safe cigarette, which turned out not to be the case. So I'm very skeptical and worried about the current situation with vaping, e-cigarettes, other nicotine related products, and the idea that we're just a responsible company trying to mitigate the harms that our principal product has produced for over a century.And as you probably know, just in the last month, it was reported that the American Journal of Health and Behavior published a entire issue on harm reduction and Juul vaping. And it turns out we're not quite as naive as we used to be. It became clear and it was widely reported in the press that the issue of this journal was completely paid for by Juul and the work was done in Juul labs. They return to this strategy of: we can produce the science. And it has muddied the waters and diluted the authority that science really needs to have positive public health impacts. And we really need science. And science has to speak with expertise and authority and validity and clear and aggressive peer review. And we need to know the difference between something that is a fact and something that obscures facts.GILCHRIST: There's no doubt that misinformation and conflicting information is confusing adults who smoke.That was Moira Gilchrist, who holds a PhD in pharmaceutical sciences, back in June. She was not speaking of Big Tobacco's century of disinformation and its toll. In a video about Philip Morris's smoke-free initiative, she was addressing current conflict about smoke-free.GILCHRIST: One day they hear good things about smoke-free alternatives and the next they hear scare stories, and as a scientist I find that really, really upsetting. Because the science is very clear.It's a corporate video. Gilchrist is PMI's Vice President for Strategic & Scientific Communications, whom I spoke to this week. I asked her if she was struck at all by the irony of her complaint, what with Philip Morris's own sorry history of obfuscation and all.GILCHRIST: Well, look, I think I'm not going to speak to, you know, the past history of any company or an industry. What I'm focused on is today and what we know today, and we've made a real deliberate effort to make all of the science publicly available so that people don't have to trust us. They don't have to take our word for it. They can look at what the data says. And we've gone really, really strongly to ensure that we're using open science principles, sharing not just our own conclusions, but also the source data on which we've based those conclusions, so people can feel cynical and feel skeptical. That's fine, but they cannot ignore the data. And that's all I ask, is that independent scientists look at what we've done and look at it with an open mind in order that we can get the facts straight and make sure that adult smokers have the right information to make the right decisions.GARFIELD: We've heard from scientists who do embrace the benefits of a smoke free world, and we have heard a great deal of skepticism about Philip Morris's motives. We've heard both those things. One accusation, though, is that you are creating, excuse the expression, a smokescreen for influencing governmental tobacco control authorities around the world. Indeed, Olczak said that very thing, that authorities cannot not listen to your science.GILCHRIST: So that, again, we've made the science openly available. We've submitted it to regulatory authorities like the US FDA, who spent three and a half years poring through more than a million pages of evidence in order to make a decision to authorize our product. And so this is what we're asking governments to do, because governments can play a really important role in ensuring that adults who smoke have the right information, ensuring that they have access to these products that are a better choice than continuing to smoke. So I think that's what we're asking governments to do. And many of them are doing so. And I think that's really encouraging for the more than a billion smokers all around the world.GARFIELD: I just want to make sure that we agree on some basic facts. Philip Morris does now buy by legal agreement and in its public statements acknowledge that, that smoking burning tobacco does cause cancer, does cause heart disease, does cause emphysema and and so on.GILCHRIST: We have been clear about that for many, many years, and in fact, before I joined the company. We've been very clear that cigarette smoking is extremely unwise because of the diseases that it causes and premature death that it causes. And that's why we set on this path of creating alternatives so that people who don't quit can have another choice that they can go to. The best thing they can do is to quit because these products are not risk free. But if they're not going to quit, they should really consider switching to a smoke-free alternative.GARFIELD: So I believe the follow up question, and this is not a question you've not heard before, is why the f**k is Philip Morris still selling combustible cigarettes anywhere? Something like 800 billion coffin nails a year are being sold and consumed worldwide. Why not just shut that part of the business down today?GILCHRIST: So Bob the key word is transformation. This cannot happen overnight. By 2025, we want to be a majority smoke-free company. So I think we're making tremendous progress. We still have a long way to go. And that's why we're calling on governments to help, because regulation can really help to encourage adults who don't quit to switch to better alternatives.GARFIELD: Who says that the solution is transformation and not cessation? Along this path that you've described, there are, according to the World Health Organization, eight million people a year around the world who will die of smoking related illnesses. Why transform instead of just stop?GILCHRIST: So here's the thing. If we, Philip Morris International, chose to stop selling cigarettes altogether, that would not solve the problem of smoking because most adult smokers would simply switch to our competitors' product and there would be absolutely no impact on public health. So the approach that we've taken is to encourage those people who don't quit to instead switch. And in this way, we can reduce the number of people who are smoking combustible cigarettes and at the same time still make a profit for us as a business. So I think transformation is the way that we can have not just a long term future for the company, but also make a positive impact on public health.GARFIELD: Til now, we've been speaking of science and technology and business. I want to ask you about just fundamental morality. If I, for example, choose not to go into a Walmart with an AR-15 and shoot up the place, gun violence in America will not disappear. But I myself won't be a murderer. I will have not contributed to gun deaths. Isn't that reason enough for me to stand down?GILCHRIST: Look, again, we made a very deliberate decision that the best and quickest way we can get to a smoke free future is by developing, scientifically assessing and commercializing products that are a better choice than continuing to smoke. And if we were to stop selling cigarettes tomorrow, unilaterally, it would not have an impact on public health.GARFIELD: Perhaps I'm naive, but what I'm actually asking about now is a better outcome for the corporate conscience. Is it not better if you are not participating in what has been called the Golden Holocaust?GILCHRIST: So, look, I joined the company to do exactly what we're doing, and that's to provide better outcomes for each individual adult smoker and also better outcomes for our company as well. And I think that's what we're doing.Gilchrist chose not to address the question of conscience further, but rather just reiterated the smoke-free strategy. So I asked Tobacco Control's Ruth Malone approximately the same question.MALONE: I'm old enough to remember one time when a juice company had some salmonella — some contamination of their products — they pulled all their products off the market until they could be, in fact, made safe and they instituted new procedures to make them that way. The tobacco companies have repeatedly said they would do that if it was ever found that their products were unsafe. But in fact, they have never done that. I just think it's time to call their bluff on all this and say, you know, don't just talk about this. If you're really serious about this, then change the nature of your corporation. Become a B corporation. Be working on behalf of the public good. Get rid of the combustibles altogether. Quit selling them.GARFIELD: Yeah, yeah, when pigs fly.MALONE: Yeah, I'm afraid so.GARFIELD: I just wonder if you were in a lake and you were drowning, and the chairman of Philip Morris came running to you and threw you a rope. What would you do?MALONE: I don't know if there's anything at the other end of that rope, so I'd look and see if anybody else had a life preserver. And I'd probably swim. I'd try to swim.All right, we're done here. Next week, Part 2: Crime Against Humanity.Before I sign off though, let me repeat what I said a week ago. If you enjoy a Booksmart Studios show, please please please share it with your world. That's what those little buttons are for, and we depend on our listeners to get the word out. Also, if you become a paying subscriber to Booksmart Studios you'll get extended interviews, additional content, access to the hosts and — in my case — continued access to my weekly column, which is for the moment free to sample. At last count, there were 94 fucktillion podcasts out there, but nothing quite like what Booksmart is up to. Please help us make an impact.Now then, Bully Pulpit is produced by Mike Vuolo and Matthew Schwartz. Our theme was composed by Julie Miller and the team at Harvest Creative Services in Lansing, Michigan. Bully Pulpit is a production of Booksmart Studios. I'm Bob Garfield. Get full access to Bully Pulpit at bullypulpit.substack.com/subscribe

Dr. Lee explains the gaps in LGBTQ tobacco research and his desire to try a different approach that would look at the role of the environment on behavior. This episode is also available on Youtube. This episode discusses the article titled "Perceived Importance of Health Concerns Among Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender Adults in a National, Probability-Based Phone Survey, 2017" by Marcella H. Boynton, PhD, Jeffrey Gilbert, MPH, Bonnie E. Shook-Sa, MAS, and Joseph G. L. Lee, PhD, MPH.

Researchers have produced many studies on how smoking affects parts of the body, such as the lungs or heart, but what about the brain? In today's podcast, Adrienne Johnson, PhD, discusses her research on cigarette smoking and risk for dementia and Alzheimer's disease. As part of a 2021 study, she found a person's risk for dementia and Alzheimer's disease can be affected by how recently they've smoked. Diving into her research, the effects of smoking on different communities, and resources to support current smokers as they quit, Dr. Johnson details the impact of smoking on the brain and her hopes to develop new interventions to motivate smokers to quit for good. Guest: Adrienne Johnson, PhD, assistant scientist at the University of Wisconsin Center for Tobacco Research and Intervention Episode Topics: 1:17 What sparked your interest in studying the effects of cigarette smoking and, particularly, how it affects cognitive decline? 3:47 What are the effects of smoking on Alzheimer's disease risk and/or general cognitive decline? 5:28 Why do you think there's a difference in risk levels for Alzheimer's disease and then for dementia? 6:27 Are there other things you can share about what you have found with your preliminary studies on smoking as a risk factor for Alzheimer's disease? 8:38 You haven't found a quantity relationship between the amount a person smokes and their risk for Alzheimer's disesase, but rather a relationship based on smoking recency. Could you describe that further? 11:12 You've also done work on how there's more disadvantaged communities that might be suffering from tobacco use compared to others. Can you speak on that? 13:01 How can caregivers and/or family motivate or support current smokers so that they can quit? 14:25 Is there a difference in a population that already has cognitive impairment? Do you have different strategies that we might use to support those individuals? 18:16 What are you looking to study in the future? 19:21 Can you share some resources where listeners can get help to stop smoking or where they can find resources for a loved one? Find Dementia Matters online Follow us on Facebook Follow us on Twitter Show Notes: Read Dr. Adrienne Johnson's biography on the UW Center for Tobacco Research and Intervention (UW-CTRI) website. To learn more about the UW Center for Tobacco Research and Intervention (UW-CTRI) and the work they do, find them on their website, Twitter, Facebook, YouTube, and Instagram. Find resources on how to quit smoking here: Learn more information about smoking, vaping, and how to quit at https://ctri.wisc.edu 1-800-QUIT-NOW is a national smoking cessation quitline. Though it's resources vary from state to state, in Wisconsin they can provide callers with free evidence-based evidence-based smoking cessation medications and a free coaching session to help you quit. Smokefree.gov is a website with a variety of resources, including texting programs, quit plans, mobile apps, and information on how to quit for specialty populations. Talk to primary care providers for prescribed medication and counseling for quitting smoking

Episode 296. Topic: The tobacco research coverup. Theme: Science scandals. We now know cigarettes are incredibly dangerous and a major cause of lung cancer among many other diseases. However, this was contested by the tobacco industry for decades!Twitter: @3minutelessonEmail: 3minutelesson@gmail.comNew episode every week day!

I chat with Cliff Douglas, on tobacco control/harm reduction measures and the need for sensible policy on tobacco moving forward. Cliff Douglas is a long-time expert on a wide range of tobacco-related policy, regulatory and legal issues, ranging from federal regulation of tobacco products and the challenges and potential benefits of e-cigarettes to the widening disparities in the smoking population. As director of the University of Michigan Tobacco Research Network, he leads the Smoke-Free Environments Law Project, a 20-year-old statewide project that provides information, consultation and advice for the Michigan Department of Health and Human Services, local units of government, tobacco control advocates, and communities regarding evidence-based policies and practices to protect Michigan residents from the harmful effects of tobacco.Cliff Douglas --- https://sph.umich.edu/faculty-profiles/douglas-clifford.htmlWelcome to the Strong and Free Podcast!VIEW --- https://youtu.be/paR0sGOzma4LISTEN --- https://www.thestrongandfreepodcast.com/episodes/FOLLOW --- https://twitter.com/StrongnFreePodREAD --- https://thestrongandfreepodcast.medium.com/RATE THIS PODCAST --- https://www.thestrongandfreepodcast.com/reviews/new/CONTACT ME --- https://www.thestrongandfreepodcast.com/contact/

Nicotine is shrouded in controversy. Dr. Neil Grunberg has published >180 papers addressing behavioral medicine, stress, and leadership. Dr. Grunberg has received awards from the U.S. Surgeon General, CDC, FDA, American Psychological Association, NIH, Society of Behavioral Medicine, and USU. He has served as President of the USU Faculty Senate and has chaired many USU committees. In this fascinating conversation, Dr. Grunberg and I chat about the neurobiology of addiction, the potential for nicotine in pharmaceutical drugs, what nicotine does to your brain, and Dr. Grunberg's thoughts on the growing psychedelics movement.Who is Dr. Neil Grunberg? Neil E. Grunberg, Ph.D., is Professor of Military & Emergency Medicine (MEM), Medical & Clinical Psychology (MPS), and Neuroscience (NES) in the Uniformed Services University (USU) School of Medicine (SOM); Professor in the Graduate School of Nursing (GSN); Director of Research and Development in the USU Leadership Education and Development (LEAD) program; and Director of Faculty Development for MEM. He is a medical and social psychologist who has been on faculty at USU since 1979. His role in LEAD is to ensure that the LEAD program and sessions are based upon sound evidence and scholarship and to oversee original research relevant to leadership education and training.Dr. Grunberg earned baccalaureate degrees in Medical Microbiology and Psychology from Stanford University (1975); earned M.A. (1977), M.Phil. (1979), and Ph.D. (1980) degrees in Physiological and Social Psychology from Columbia University; and received doctoral training in Pharmacology at Columbia University’s College of Physicians & Surgeons under a National Research Service Award (NRSA, 1976-79). Dr. Grunberg helps train physicians, psychologists, and nurses to serve in the Armed Forces or Public Health Service, and scientists for research positions. He has published >180 papers addressing behavioral medicine, stress, and leadership. Dr. Grunberg has received awards from the U.S. Surgeon General, CDC, FDA, American Psychological Association, NIH, Society of Behavioral Medicine, and USU. He has served as President of the USU Faculty Senate and has chaired many USU committees.Dr. Grunberg is a fellow of the American Psychological Association, Academy of Behavioral Medicine Research, and Society for Behavioral Medicine. He is a founding member of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco, and a member of the Association for Psychological Science, the Society for Neuroscience, Sigma Xi, and the Academy of Medicine of Washington, D.C. He has been an editor for Addiction, Annals of Behavioral Medicine, Nicotine and Tobacco Research, and US Surgeon Generals' Reports. He serves as a scientific consultant to the Maryland Tobacco Prevention and Cessation Resource Center, the Maryland Smoking Cessation Quitline (MD Quit), and the Maryland State Mental Health and Substance Abuse treatment programs. He is a member of the Society of Behavioral Medicine's Wisdom Council, the editorial board of Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior, and a contributing reviewer to F1000 (an electronic biomedical research journal source).Highlights[5:01] What was Dr. Grunberg's first interest to study?[9:00] Nicotine dosing and addiction[16:50] Neurobiology of addiction[22:48] The effect of different delivery mechanisms[35:45] Are there benefits to nicotine?[46:07] Are lower doses addictive?[53:41] Who should avoid nicotine?[1:02:20] What does Dr. Grunberg think of the resurgence of psychedelics?ResourcesStanley Schachter1988 Nicotine reportNicotine Dependence by Dr. Rachel TyndaleYerkes Dodson functionZen in the Art of ArcherySponsorsBiOptimizers If you’re over 35, your enzyme levels have already begun to decline and your immune system can be more susceptible to viruses.Enzymes are the workhorses of digestion. They break your food down into usable macro and micronutrients. Research shows that by the time someone hits 65, their saliva and pancreatic secretions, both of which are involved in enzyme activity—can have declined by as much as 50%! This decline creates chronic indigestion, setting the stage for gut issues, yeast and mold overgrowth, even malnutrition. This is why I’m a big fan of enzyme and probiotic supplementation and one of the best companies I’ve ever found that specializes in optimizing your digestion through both of these supplements are my friends at BiOptimizers.During the entire month of November, BiOptimizers are running a sale over the entire month of November offering free shipping and up to 40% off on select products.They're even giving away free bottles of MassZymes with select ordersHead on over to www.bioptimizers.com/boomer and use coupon code BOOMER to get all those deals.Vielight Vielight combines science and engineering ingenuity to develop unique devices that deliver photons to the brain and inner systems. Their mission is to create photobiomodulation devices that are safe and effective – to help improve one’s quality of life. The Neuro Alpha is a staple in my stress resilience and sleep improvement routine. I get better sleep, better focus, and less anxiety around public speaking. And… increased ability to drop into flow.Go to vielight.com and use the coupon code BOOMER to get 10% off on your purchase.Continue Your High Performance Journey with Dr. Neil GrunbergPublicationsLinkedInDisclaimer This information is being provided to you for educational and informational purposes only. This is being provided as a self-help tool to help you understand your genetics, biodata and other information to enhance your performance. It is not medical or psychological advice. Virtuosity LLC, or Decoding Superhuman, is not a doctor. Virtuosity LLC is not treating, preventing, healing, or diagnosing disease. This information is to be used at your own risk based on your own judgment. For the full Disclaimer, please go to (Decodingsuperhuman.com/disclaimer). See acast.com/privacy for privacy and opt-out information.

Karl Fagerström was born in Sweden in 1946. He studied at the University of Uppsala and graduated as a licensed clinical psychologist 1975. At that time, he started a smoking cessation clinic and invented the Fagerstrom Test for Cigarette Dependence. In 1981 he got his Ph.D. on a dissertation about nicotine dependence and smoking cessation. In the end of the seventies and early eighties he served as the editor-in-chief for the Scandinavian Journal for Behaviour Therapy. From 1983 through 1997 he worked for Pharmacia & Upjohn as Director of Scientific Information for Nicotine Replacement Products. He has worked with the nicotine gum Nicorette since 1975 and has been contributing to NRT developments such as patch, spray, pouch and inhaler. Ever since 1975 to 2010 he has been working clinically part-time. From 1997 to 2008 he worked with his private research clinic where he studied various drugs intended for treating nicotine dependence. Currently, he works with his own private consultancy (Fagerstrom Consulting). He is a founding member of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco and was the Deputy Editor of Nicotine & Tobacco Research from 2007-2018. He started the European SRNT affiliate in 1999 of which he has been the president up to 2003. His main research contributions have been in the fields of Behaviour Medicine, Tobacco, and Nicotine with 170 peer-reviewed publications of which he is the first author of 100. The current main interests are on understanding the positive effects of nicotine and reducing harm and exposure to tobacco toxins among all those who cannot give up smoking. He was awarded the WHO medal 1999 for outstanding work in tobacco control and 2013 he was the recipient of the Award on Clinical Science from the Society for Research on Tobacco and Nicotine.

Our inaugural episode of the Carver Cast features Dr. Nii Addy, associate professor psychiatry and of cellular and molecular physiology at the Yale School of Medicine. Dr. Addy received his B.S. in Biology from Duke University and his Ph.D. in Neuroscience from Yale University. At Yale, Dr. Addy directs a federally funded research program, where he and his staff use rodent models to investigate the neurobiological bases of substance abuse, depression and anxiety. Dr. Addy is also involved in graduate student and post-graduate training, faculty mentoring, and university-wide diversity and inclusion initiatives at Yale. He serves on the journal editorial board of Biological Psychiatry, Nicotine & Tobacco Research, and Neuropharmacology, and serves as a grant reviewer for the National Institutes of Health’s Center for Scientific Review (CSR). He has presented scientific lectures at universities throughout the United States and Europe, and in Japan. Dr. Addy has also participated in Veritas Forums and community forums on the intersection of mental health, faith, culture and neuroscience. His research and community work have been featured by National Public Radio (NPR), Newsday, the National Football League Players Association (NFLPA), The Source Magazine, Chuck Norris, BoldTV, Legitimate Matters, and Relevant Magazine. -- The Carver Cast engages with Christian faculty in higher education and highlights the work of those faculty to bridge connections between university, church, and society. In doing so, it seeks to disrupt simultaneously perceptions that Christians are “anti-intellectual” and that higher education is “anti-Christian.” Tune in for a wide-ranging discussion with faculty around the country, with mediocre production quality but excellent content! Penina Laker and John Inazu are Carver Project faculty fellows and members of the faculty at Washington University in St. Louis, where Laker is assistant professor of communication design and Inazu is a professor of law and religion.

How does Big Tobacco view the emerging cannabis industry?We're lucky to be joined this week by Shane MacGuill – Senior Head of Tobacco Research at Euromonitor International. Shane conducts in-depth research and provides strategic analysis on all aspects of the global tobacco and nicotine market and has recently broadened his scope to look at the emerging cannabis industry.Join us as we explore the intersection between the tobacco and cannabis industry through the lens of Big Tobacco.About ShaneShane conducts in-depth research and provides strategic analysis on all aspects of the global tobacco and nicotine market for Euromonitor International, working with a range of industry stakeholders to signal and map the evolution of these industries and their potential (and to his mind, necessary) relationships with the emerging legal cannabis universe.He is a frequent contributor to the mainstream and business media on these issues - including CNBC, Reuters, France 24, BBC, the Economist, Bloomberg, the Financial Times, The Globe and Mail, the Sunday Times and the Times of London.Shane has presented at a range of industry conferences within the cannabis and nicotine spaces and regularly engages in research forums and special projects with clients on topics such as regulation, reduced risk products and future industry trends.Episode SummaryShane has been working at Euromonitor International for over 8 years, specifically working within the tobacco and nicotine industry. When Shane started working within tobacco, the industry was slowly declining and started to charge more for its products. e-cigarettes and vapes did not exist at the time.Disruption started once e-cigarettes came to market and consumers actively chose them over traditional tobacco companies. The market is still being disrupted by the introduction of cannabis products which are more advanced than e-cigarettes when they entered the market.Traditionally, the tobacco market was seen as being homogenous but due to disruption from cannabis products, e-cigarettes, and health conscious attitudes - regional variations in use have been seen. In developed markets consumption is bound by regulations such as labelling requirements, restricted ingredients and container capacity restrictions. All of these factors contribute to decline.In developing markets, e-cigarettes tend to be more expensive than traditional tobacco products and smoking tends to be more socially acceptable. With this being said, emerging markets are quickly bringing in restrictive regulations which means they are on the path to experience the decline phase in which developed markets are currently experiencing. Due to the market decline, tobacco companies are starting to think of other ways in which they can make money. Shane believes that tobacco companies will start to branch out across multiple categories, many of which do not contain nicotine instead of operating globally within one sector (traditional cigarettes containing nicotine).Very few of the e-cigarette products on the market at the moment are owned by big tobacco. Although more of the products which operate within a ‘closed ecosystem' are owned by the sector.Shane believes that once the legal cannabis industry is strictly regulated, it will have ‘tobacco like' regulations and restrictions and will sit somewh

Is vaping creating a new generation of smokers and increasing the cancer risk? Ted Wagener, PhD, director of the OSUCCC – James Center for Tobacco Research, tackles this question and other important, related issues: Why nicotine is so addictive; cessation strategies; and the history of vaping. Wagener discusses whether vaping is safe and/or safer than cigarettes; is reducing the number of smokers, why flavored e-cigs are so dangerous; and the long-term health implications and how researchers are studying this. Wagener is a former smoker and understands the addictive power of nicotine.

Listen NowThe e-cigarette market, or what the FDA formally terms Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems or ENDS, has grown since 2004 to approximately 11 million American consumers.  Recent survey data published in February in JAMA has shown use of e-cigarettes (or vaping) among underage youths or middle and high school students has increased significantly since 2011.   Beyond potentially serving as a gateway to the use of combustible or tobacco cigarettes, there is research to suggest nicotine can harm developing adolescent brains and the exhaled aerosol can also pose a public health threat.   Beyond the significant increase in under age use there is also concern recent investments in the e-cigarette industry by tobacco manufacturers, specifically Altria's December investment in e-cigarette manufacturer, JUUL, will result in e-cigarette users transitioning to tobacco cigarettes.  Recently resigned FDA Commissioner, Scott Gotlieb, made e-cigarette regulation a priority throughout his two-year tenure.  The question begged is will FDA's e-cigarette regulatory actions prove productive, will they prevent or inhibit current and future consumers of nicotine from taking up of combustible/tobacco cigarettes and/or allow or encourage current tobacco cigarette consumers to transition to e-cigarettes a far safer product.    During this 30 minute conversation Professor Abrams critiques the evidence to date that rising use of e-cigarettes among middle and high school students is necessarily a cause for concern, i.e., that e-cigarettes or vaping is a gateway to use of combustible or tobacco cigarettes.  We briefly discuss how underage youths are able to acquire e-cigarettes.  Moreover our discussion focuses on related regulatory actions under the FDA, i.e., is limiting access and use of e-cigarettes or youth addition to nicotine commensurate with the potential massive public health gain.  Are these actions commensurate with the potential to reduce adult combustible cigarette use that remains the leading cause of preventable death in the US at nearly half a million deaths per year (and estimated to kill 1 billion throughout the world this century).  We also discuss Altria (manufacturer of Marlboros) recent $13 billion investment in JUUL, the leading e-cigarette manufacturer or what it may mean, reducing nicotine content in cigarettes, raising the minimum age requirement from 18 to 21 to buy tobacco cigarettes and related issues.    Dr. Abrams is currently Profess of Social and Behavioral Sciences at New York University.  Dr. Abrams was a professor and founding director of the Centers for Behavioral and Preventive Medicine at Brown University Medical School.  He then directed the Office of Behavioral and Social Sciences Research at the National Institutes of Health (NIH).  Until 2017, he was Professor of Health Behavior and Society at Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health and the founding Executive Director of the Schroeder National Institute of Tobacco Research and Policy Studies at Truth Initiative (formerly the American Legacy Foundation).  Dr. Abrams has published over 250 peer reviewed scholarly articles and been a Principal Investigator on numerous NIH grants.  He is lead author of The Tobacco Dependence Treatment Handbook: A Guide to Best Practices.  He has served on expert panels at NIH and National Academies of Sciences, Engineering and Medicine on Obesity, Alcohol Misuse and Ending the Tobacco Problem: A Blueprint for the Nation. He has also served on the Board of Scientific Advisers of the National Cancer Institute (NIH-NCI) and was President of the Society of Behavioral Medicine.For information concerning the FDA's regulation of tobacco products go to: https://www.fda.gov/TobaccoProducts/default.htm  The JAMA studied discussed during this interview, "The Association of Electronic Cigarettes Use with Subsequent Initiation of Tobacco Cigarettes in US Youths," is at: https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamanetworkopen/fullarticle/2723425Concerning Prof Abrams recent related research see: https://www.clivebates.com/documents/AbramsFeb2019.pdf and https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0091743518301981?via%3Dihub This is a public episode. If you would like to discuss this with other subscribers or get access to bonus episodes, visit www.thehealthcarepolicypodcast.com

In this episode, we speak with faculty facilitators Dr. David Abrams and Dr. Raymond Niaura and Research Lab Manager Mahathi Vojjala from the Tobacco Research lab. They describe their work in the lab, the impact tobacco has had on various populations and how their research can inform policy tobacco laws. In the lab, students engage in a variety of projects and study multiple aspects of tobacco use, including epidemiology, interventions, and marketing, as well as learn crucial research skills, such as grant writing, literature reviews, and analysis strategies. To learn more about the NYU College of Global Public Health, and how our innovative programs are training the next generation of public health leaders, visit publichealth.nyu.edu.

Disadvantaged status drives higher smoking among Indigenous pregnant women in Australia, New Zealand, the USA & Canada. Indigenous women across four high income countries are not getting the help they need to stop smoking when pregnant. A study published today in the international journal Nicotine & Tobacco Research found common large disparities between indigenous pregnant women’s smoking rates and non-Indigenous pregnant women in Australia, New Zealand, Canada and the United States of America. “Tobacco smoking is the most significant reversible risk factor for the health of Indigenous pregnant women and their babies.” Said study lead Associate Professor Gillian Gould of the School of Medicine and Public Health at The University of Newcastle, Australia who led the study. “In each of our countries and in Canada, Indigenous pregnant women have smoking rates that are twice to many times higher than the non-Indigenous women.” The prevalence of smoking while pregnant varied across states and countries, ranging from 18% to 83% for Inuit women. The inequity varied across countries also with Australian Aboriginal maternal smoking at 48% while non-Indigenous Australian women enjoyed a low 13%. Co-author Associate Professor Marewa Glover from New Zealand’s Massey University’s School of Public Health said the study was looking for successful intervention ideas they could share. “Despite our cultural differences, the Indigenous people in each country experience similar marginalisation and social disadvantage.” She said. “This stems partly from the common way in which we were colonised by Western nation states.” “That colonization process resulted in all of us receiving proportionately less of society’s benefits, whether that’s education, healthcare or employment. Our women are disproportionately exposed to environmental risks to health, discrimination and disproportionate incarceration. We are over-represented among the lower paid and unemployed and are more likely to live in deprived areas. The cumulative stress of all this is driving our higher smoking rates and undermining our women’s ability to abstain from smoking, even when they are pregnant.” Glover said. Professor Christi Patten from Mayo Clinic’s Department of Psychiatry and Psychology in Rochester, Minnesota, USA contributed information for Canada and the USA to the paper titled ‘Smoking in pregnancy among indigenous women in high income countries.’ The paper will be available open access on line today from Nicotine Tobacco Research. [add link] The researchers want more importance to be placed on supportive programmes for Indigenous pregnant women. They want to see the development and testing of Indigenous-led and culturally-based programmes, such as services that fund Indigenous elders and community health care providers to work with families. Existing stop smoking programmes also needed to improve their delivery to ensure they reach pregnant Indigenous women. In reviewing the literature the researchers identified several evidence gaps, which they propose is partly due to the difficulty securing funding for trials that are focused on a relatively small sub-group. The team hopes that working across countries will improve their chances of gaining research funds in future to continue this important line of investigation. Associate Professor Gillian Gould will be visiting Professor Christi Patten at the Mayo Clinic in May 2017 to work on a joint proposal for funding across Indigenous population groups in their respective countries. Contact details: Associate Professor Gillian Gould, PhD, MA, MBChB, School of Medicine and Public Health, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia Phone: + [country code] 0403615563 Twitter @GillianSGould email gillian.gould@newcastle.edu.au

Are there benefits to smoking e-cigarettes? FOX's Marghiee Teshineh reports in this "Housecall for Health": This is Housecall for Health. There is much debate over the benefits and risks of puffing on a e-cigarette, but according to a new study some of the benefits could be life-saving. A study published in Nicotine and Tobacco Research claims that e-cigarettes could lead to a 21 percent drop in deaths from smoking-related diseases in those born after 1997. The study distinguishes between youths who vape who would not otherwise have taken up any nicotine product, and those who vape who would otherwise have smoked cigarettes. When both were taken into account, the benefit outweighs the harm. Most previous studies count anyone who has vaped within the past 30 days as e-cigarette users, which can include someone who goes to a party and vapes once or twice. This study did not focus on those people. For more on this story, check FOXNewsHealth.com. Housecall for Health, I'm Marghiee Teshineh, FOX News. Follow FOX's Marghiee Teshineh on Twitter: @LadyTrackSide

Dr. Michael Fiore is director of the University of Wisconsin Center for Tobacco Research and Intervention. Stephen Morrissey, the interviewer, is the Managing Editor of the Journal. M. Fiore and T. Baker. Reduced-Nicotine Cigarettes - A Promising Regulatory Pathway. N Engl J Med 2015;373:1289-91.

Listen NowIn 2009 the Congress overwhelmingly passed landmark legislation (commontly termed the "Tobacco Control Act") that included banning flavored cigarettes - except menthol.  Instead, the Congress called upon the FDA to first study the use of menthol before taking action.   In 2011 the FDA released an initial report, the conclusions of which were widely interpreted.  Two weeks ago the FDA released a subsequent report again finding the menthol/mint flavor helps people acquire the tobacco/nicotine addiction but did not increase the risk of disease compared to smoking non-menthol cigarettes.  Neither report recommended banning or restricting the use of menthol. During this 24-minute podcast Andrea Villanti and Diane Canova discuss why menthol was exempted in the 2009 legislation, the findings of the 2011 Tobacco Products Scientific Advisory Committee, why the FDA chose to follow up with a report of their own (released July 23rd) and what it found, various confounding factors including an international trade dispute concerning the importation of clove cigarettes and ultimately their take on whether and when the FDA will either ban or regulate menthol's use.       Dr. Andrea Villanti is an Associate Director for Regulatory Science and Policy at the Schroeder Institute for Tobacco Research and Policy Studies at Legacy Foundation and holds an adjunct faculty appointment in the Department of Health, Behavior and Society at the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health.  Her work concerns translational research to improve tobacco control policy and program decision-making with a specific focus on young adult cessation.  Since the passage of the 2009 Family Smoking Prevention and Tobacco Control Act, she has been actively engaged in research on the impact of menthol cigarettes on tobacco use behaviors.  Dr. Villanti received her doctorate in Social and Behavioral Sciences the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health and she received both her Master's in Public Health and BA in Medical Ethics from Columbia University.Ms. Diane Canova is currently Vice President of Government Affairs at the Legacy Foundation. Previously, Diane served as Vice President of Policy and Programs with the Partnership for Prevention.  Prior still she served as Vice President of Advocacy for the American Heart Association and as Director of Government Relations for the American Red Cross.  Ms. Canova is a founding board member and immediate past chair of the Center for Lobbying in the Public Interest (CLPI) and frequent lecturer on nonprofit leadership and advocacy.  She received her JD from the Brandeis School of Law at the University of Louisville and her BS in Education from Kent State.   This is a public episode. If you would like to discuss this with other subscribers or get access to bonus episodes, visit www.thehealthcarepolicypodcast.com

Guest: Douglas Jorenby, PhD Host: Larry Kaskel, MD Cigarette smoking is the leading preventable cause of illness and premature death in the United States, claiming over 400,000 lives a year because it directly increases the risk of dying from heart disease, stroke, emphysema, and a variety of cancers. Dr. Douglas Jorenby, director of clinical services at the Center for Tobacco Research and Intervention at the University of Wisconsin, discusses with host Dr. Larry Kaskel smoking cessation strategies for the 21st century. In addition to reviewing the research on the FDA-approved medications and nicotine replacement therapies, Dr. Jorenby talks about the relationship between smoking and cardiovascular disease. Dr. Jorenby also explains the importance of counseling in any form to support those therapies and addresses the limitations of therapies not approved by the FDA, such as hypnosis and laser therapies. Brought to you by: