Podcasts about general robert e lee

The Civil War was the bloodiest war fought on American soil, and it was fought by Americans. But there have been many misconceptions about this time of American history; some are understandably so, and others are done intentionally. In this 4-part series we will take a look at some of the Civil War's forgotten history and dive a little deeper into the rough waters known as the history of slavery in America. Some of what we discover might shock you; some might outright offend you; but it is only through research that we can truly understand this time in America and hopefully become better informed about topics that have become so political in our time that families tear each other apart with hate and end this ignorance that divides Americans.   We will learn more about the Civil War, Abraham Lincoln, General Robert E. Lee, secession, state's rights, the Union, and slavery.                       NOTES: Intro/Outro Bumper Music: Evening Melodrama Kevin MacLeod (incompetech.com) Licensed under Creative Commons: By Attribution 3.0 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ The Wisdom of Dad Joke Music: The Curtain Rises Kevin MacLeod (incompetech.com) Licensed under Creative Commons: By Attribution 3.0 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/

The Civil War was the bloodiest war fought on American soil, and it was fought by Americans. But there have been many misconceptions about this time of American history; some are understandably so, and others are done intentionally. In this 4-part series we will take a look at some of the Civil War's forgotten history and dive a little deeper into the rough waters known as the history of slavery in America. Some of what we discover might shock you; some might outright offend you; but it is only through research that we can truly understand this time in America and hopefully become better informed about topics that have become so political in our time that families tear each other apart with hate and end this ignorance that divides Americans.   We will learn more about the Civil War, Abraham Lincoln, General Robert E. Lee, secession, state's rights, the Union, and slavery.                       NOTES: Intro/Outro Bumper Music: Evening Melodrama Kevin MacLeod (incompetech.com) Licensed under Creative Commons: By Attribution 3.0 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ The Wisdom of Dad Joke Music: The Curtain Rises Kevin MacLeod (incompetech.com) Licensed under Creative Commons: By Attribution 3.0 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/

Commemorate Juneteenth and reflect on its origins, history, meaning, and traditions.Learn about the prevalence and acceptance of slavery in world history (such as in Mesopotamia, Egypt, Athens, Rome, Britain, England, and Europe) and its development in the colonies and the United States. Examine the cruel and barbaric slave trade and Middle Passage across the ocean from first hand accounts.Explore how some Founding Fathers such as Benjamin Franklin, John Adams, and Alexander Hamilton opposed slavery, and George Washington emancipated his slaves. Learn how Thomas Jefferson trembled for the future of the country because of slavery, and how he banned slavery in the Northwest Territory and signed the law banning the slave trade in America. Learn how the opposition to slavery led to sharp divisions in the country, eventually exploding into the Civil War.Review how President Abraham Lincoln shifted his original position and supported the emancipation of the slaves as a wartime measure, and implemented emancipation through the first and final Emancipation Proclamations. Learn how the final Emancipation Proclamation only freed those enslaved by the Confederate States of America.Learn how many enslaved first learned of the Emancipation Proclamation for the first time on June 19, 1865 by virtue of Union General Gordan Granger General's Order No. 3 issued in Galveston, Texas after the Union army occupies the city, but only after the 25th Army Corps — primarily composed of African American Union troops — liberate Galveston.Review how slavery was finally abolished through the ratification of the 13th Amendment and treaties with Native American tribes (who held slaves) such as the Cherokee, Creek, and Chickasaw.Explore how June 19 becomes a new celebration - called Jubilee Day, Emancipation Day, and finally Juneteenth - and the celebration spread across the nation, and was finally recognized as a federal holiday in the wake of the George Floyd killing in 2021. Listen to several Juneteenth Presidential Proclamations by Presidents George W. Bush, Barack Obama, Donald Trump, and Joe Biden.Focus on how commercialism is starting to creep into the Juneteenth celebrations.Highlights include Christina Snyder's book Slavery in Indian Country, The Changing Face of Captivity in Early America,  Olaudah Equiano (Gustavus Vassa), the Great Awakening, chattel slavery, Pennsylvania Society for Promoting the Abolition of Slavery, Eli Whitney & the cotton gin, Missouri Compromise, Bleeding Kansas, Lincoln Douglas debates, "A House Divided" Abraham Lincoln speech, presidential election of 1860, Declaration of Independence, abolitionists, Fort Sumter, Civil War, Grand Army of the Republic, Horace Greeley, Gideon Wells, William Seward, Antietam, Gettysburg Address, Lincoln First Inaurual Address, Lincoln Second Inaugural Address, Richard Hofstadlter's American Political Tradition, bill of lading, General Robert E. Lee, Appotomattox Court House, CSS Shenandoah, Union General Gordan Granger General Order No. 3, and much more.To learn more about America & Patriot Week, visit www.PatriotWeek.org. Our resources include videos, a TV series, blogs, lesson plans, and more.Check out Judge Michael Warren's book America's Survival Guide, How to Stop America's Impending Suicide by Reclaiming Our First Principles and History at amazon, or other major on-line retailers.Join us!

Andrew Walworth, Tom Bevan, and Carl Cannon discuss ICE's apprehension of a Turkish graduate student at Tufts University. Also, New York Representative Elise Stefanik is not going to the United Nations, but will continue to serve in Congress. Plus, they talk about last night's appearance by Elon Musk and 7 DOGE executives on Fox News. Then, Andrew talks to Presidential Historian Tevi Troy about episodes in American history where sensitive information was inadvertently leaked to the press, including the case of General Robert E. Lee, who left his plans for invading the North wrapped around a cigar box. And finally, RCP Contributor Charlie Stone talks to Michael Cohen, who served as Donald Trump's personal lawyer for more than a decade and was sentenced to a three-year jail sentence, about what he thinks may happen to Trump's current set of advisors.

Following the South’s catastrophic loss at Gettysburg in the American Civil War (1863), General Robert E. Lee led his battered troops back to southern territory. Heavy rains flooded the Potomac River, blocking his retreat. President Abraham Lincoln urged General George Meade to attack. But Meade’s men were just as weary as Lee’s. He rested his troops. Lincoln picked up his quill and wrote a letter in which he confessed he was “distressed immeasurably” at Meade’s reluctance to pursue Lee. On the envelope are these words in the president’s handwriting: “To Gen. Meade, never sent, or signed.” And indeed, it never was. Long before Lincoln, another great leader grasped the importance of reining in our emotions. Anger, no matter how justified, is a dangerously powerful force. “Do you see someone who speaks in haste?” King Solomon asked. “There is more hope for a fool than for them” (Proverbs 29:20). Solomon knew that “by justice a king gives a country stability” (v. 4). He also understood that “fools give full vent to their rage, but the wise bring calm in the end” (v. 11). And in the end, not sending that letter prevented Lincoln from demoralizing his top general, helped win a necessary war, and contributed to the healing of a nation. We do well to learn from examples like his of wise restraint.

Is it possible to keep faith at the core of your daily life and relationships, even amid chaos and strife? Join me, Jesse Cope, on the American Soul Podcast as we explore this deep and transformative question. Discover how putting God and your spouse at the forefront of your mind through prayer and scripture can lead to a more purposeful and fulfilling existence. Drawing wisdom from Proverbs 9, we discuss the virtues of wisdom and understanding as cornerstones for a life aligned with Christian values. This episode is not just about spiritual practices; it's a call to action to reassess our daily priorities, ensuring that God and our loved ones hold their rightful place at the center of our lives.In a journey through history, we examine the intersection of faith and morality through the reflections of influential figures like General Robert E. Lee and Abraham Lincoln. Through heartfelt letters and speeches, these leaders provide profound insights into the challenges of maintaining faith during times of war and turmoil. Their words serve as a powerful reminder of the importance of trust and peace, even when faced with adversity. Whether you're seeking to enrich your spiritual journey or gain historical insights into faith during challenging times, this episode offers hope and guidance for individuals, families, and nations striving to embody Christian principles. Join us as we navigate the complexities of faith and find solace in its teachings.Support the showThe American Soul Podcasthttps://www.buzzsprout.com/1791934/subscribe

Of all the books written on Abraham Lincoln, there has been one surprising gap: the drama of how the “railsplitter” from Illinois grew into his critical role as U.S. commander-in-chief, and managed to outwit his formidable opponent, Jefferson Davis, in what remains history's only military faceoff between rival American presidents. Davis was a trained soldier and war hero; Lincoln a country lawyer who had only briefly served in the militia. Confronted with the most violent and challenging war ever seen on American soil, Lincoln seemed ill-suited to the task: inexperienced, indecisive, and a poor judge of people's motives, he allowed his administration's war policies to be sabotaged by fickle, faithless cabinet officials while entrusting command of his army to a preening young officer named George McClellan – whose defeat in battle left Washington, the nation's capital, at the mercy of General Robert E. Lee, Davis's star performer. The war almost ended there. But in a Shakespearean twist, Lincoln summoned the courage to make, at last, a climactic decision: issuing as a “military necessity” a proclamation freeing the 3.5 million enslaved Americans without whom the South could not feed or fund their armed insurrection. The new war policy doomed the rebellion—which was in dire need of support from Europe, none of whose governments now would dare to recognize rebel “independence” in a war openly fought over slavery. The fate of President Davis was sealed. With a cast of unforgettable characters, from first ladies to fugitive coachmen to treasonous cabinet officials, Lincoln vs. Davis is a spellbinding dual biography from renowned presidential chronicler Nigel Hamilton: a saga that will surprise, touch, and enthrall. About the Author: Historian Nigel Hamilton is a New York Times best-selling biographer of General Bernard “Monty” Montgomery, President John F. Kennedy, President Bill Clinton, and President Franklin Delano Roosevelt, among other subjects. He has won multiple awards, including the Whitbread Prize and the Templer Medal for Military History. The first volume of his FDR a War trilogy, The Mantle of Command, was longlisted for the National Book Award. He is a senior fellow at the McCormack Graduate School, University of Massachusetts Boston, and splits his time between Boston, Massachusetts, and New Orleans, Louisiana.

In today's episode of The Halloween Podcast, host Lyle Perez takes us through the haunted corners of Virginia, a state rich in American history and ghostly legends. From the infamous battlefields of the Civil War to eerie mansions and mysterious bridges, Virginia's haunted sites reveal stories of lingering spirits and tragic pasts. Join us as we uncover 10 of the most haunted locations in the Old Dominion, where Confederate soldiers, ghostly nurses, and lost lovers are said to roam. Featured Locations: St. Albans Sanatorium 6248 University Park Dr, Radford, VA 24141 Originally an all-boys' school before its conversion to a mental hospital in the early 20th century, St. Albans has become one of Virginia's most infamous paranormal sites. Known for harsh experimental treatments, the sanatorium is said to be haunted by the spirits of former patients. The basement is particularly eerie, where visitors report hearing disembodied whispers, feeling phantom touches, and seeing shadowy figures. Paranormal investigators frequently capture EVP recordings, especially near the old hydrotherapy room, where many experienced immense suffering. Hollywood Cemetery 412 S Cherry St, Richmond, VA 23220 Established in 1847, Hollywood Cemetery is the eternal resting place of Confederate soldiers, U.S. presidents, and the infamous “Richmond Vampire.” The legend of the vampire centers on the tomb of W.W. Poole, from which strange noises are said to emanate at night. Visitors have reported seeing ghostly soldiers, feeling chills near the Confederate burial grounds, and even catching glimpses of General Robert E. Lee, his figure silently wandering the cemetery grounds as if reliving his past. The Exchange Hotel 400 S Main St, Gordonsville, VA 22942 The Exchange Hotel became a Civil War hospital, treating thousands of soldiers. With its storied past, it's no surprise that ghostly nurses are reportedly seen tending to invisible patients. In the basement, which once served as a morgue, visitors have heard eerie moaning and footsteps echoing through the otherwise empty halls. The ghost of a Confederate soldier is a frequent sight, believed to be lingering, perhaps waiting to be reunited with lost comrades. Bacon's Castle 465 Bacon's Castle Trail, Surry, VA 23883 Constructed in 1665, Bacon's Castle has borne witness to rebellions, family feuds, and ghostly occurrences. Visitors report encounters with a woman in colonial clothing, believed to be Arthur Allen's wife. Paranormal investigators have witnessed furniture moving on its own and heard laughter in empty rooms. The house is a frequent site for ghost tours, with guides sharing tales of sudden chills, strange lights, and objects shifting mysteriously. The Martha Washington Inn & Spa 150 W Main St, Abingdon, VA 24210 Once a Civil War hospital, the Martha Washington Inn has its share of restless spirits. A particularly famous legend involves the spirit of a young nurse, known as the “Yankee Sweetheart,” who fell in love with a Union soldier. Guests report hearing her soft footsteps in the halls and glimpsing her shadow near the spot where her beloved died. Other ghostly sightings include Confederate soldiers and eerie bloodstains that appear on the floors before mysteriously vanishing. Gadsby's Tavern Museum 138 N Royal St, Alexandria, VA 22314 Dating back to the 18th century, Gadsby's Tavern is haunted by the mysterious “Female Stranger,” who arrived gravely ill and, upon her death, requested her identity remain secret. Seen frequently in Room 8, her ghostly figure leaves cold spots and an eerie sensation for those who venture close. Visitors and staff alike have also reported phantom footsteps echoing through the tavern's historic rooms. Sailor's Creek Battlefield Historic State Park 6541 Saylers Creek Rd, Rice, VA 23966 The bloody Battle of Sailor's Creek saw nearly 25% of General Robert E. Lee's army fall. Visitors report ghostly figures wandering the battlefield at dusk, and cold spots are often felt around the Overton-Hillsman Farmhouse, which served as a makeshift hospital. The battlefield is known for mysterious cries and the faint sound of cannon fire, as if the battle is replaying for eternity. The Public Hospital 325 W Francis St, Williamsburg, VA 23185 Established in 1773, the Public Hospital for Persons of Insane and Disordered Minds is the oldest psychiatric hospital in the U.S. Shadows, sudden cold chills, and unsettling whispers haunt the halls. Visitors report feeling phantom touches and hearing footsteps in rooms long since abandoned, with occasional sightings of patients in old-fashioned hospital gowns. Swannanoa Palace 497 Swannanoa Ln, Afton, VA 22920 This grand estate, built as a testament to love, is haunted by the ghost of Sallie Dooley, who is often seen near her stained-glass portrait. Visitors feel sudden chills and see objects move on their own, especially around Sallie's favorite rooms. Paranormal investigators have captured EVPs and other strange occurrences, making Swannanoa a popular stop for thrill-seekers. Bunny Man Bridge Colchester Overpass, Clifton, VA 20124 The tale of Bunny Man Bridge is one of Virginia's most chilling urban legends. Locals report seeing a man dressed in a bunny suit wielding an axe near the bridge, especially on Halloween. Some say he's the spirit of an escaped convict who haunts the bridge, while others claim the presence is something darker. Witnesses often hear unsettling noises like screams and whispers, making Bunny Man Bridge a must-visit for those seeking a real scare. Like Our Facebook page for more Halloween fun: www.Facebook.com/TheHalloweenPodcast ORDER PODCAST MERCH! Website: www.TheHalloweenPodcast.com Email: TheHalloweenPodcast@gmail.com X: @TheHalloweenPod Support the Show: www.patreon.com/TheHalloweenPod Get bonus Halloween content and more! Just for Patreon supporters! Check out my other show! Find it on iTunes - Amazing Advertising http://amazingadvertising.podomatic.com/ Keywords and Tags: Haunted Virginia, Ghosts of the Old Dominion, Haunted America, Paranormal, Haunted Locations, Virginia Ghost Stories, Halloween Podcast, Haunted History

* Guest: Lowell Nelson - CampaignForLiberty.org, RonPaulInstitute.org * Utahs Should Write in Phil Lyman for Governor - LymanForUtah.com Submit a GRAMA Request asking if YOUR name is on Cox' Nominating Petition. If you learn that your name is on that petition, but that you did not sign the petition, then you have evidence of fraud that needs to be reported immediately. * The First Steps Toward a Liberty Platform - Ron Paul. * "In many ways, the Federal Reserve is the greatest threat to our liberties. Politicians talk endlessly about the need to reduce inflation. They all recognize that it has become a serious problem and they each have their own plan to deal with it. But they ignore the true cause of inflation. The Fed is the engine of inflation! Ignoring this while claiming to fight inflation is just tinkering around the sidelines." * Free Speech and the Department of Political Justice - Judge Andrew Napolitano. * The Founders and the Framers "knew they wanted to be able to speak their minds, associate and worship as they pleased, defend themselves, and be left alone by the government. The key to all this was the freedom of speech. Speech was then, as it is today, the most essential freedom." Let's review where the freedom of speech originated. In other words, our Creator gave us this freedom when he gave us life. It is unalienable. It does not come from government. People came before government. The People created the government--not the other way around. * The Truth About Robert E. Lee - Gib Kerr, LewRockwell.com * We were saddened when the Utah legislature renamed Dixie College several years ago. We are saddened by those who claim the confederate flag stands for slavery. And we are saddened by those who have taken down statues of General Robert E. Lee, one of the finest men who walked this planet! * "Lee was the perfect balance of the softer character traits of humility, kindness, and piety and the more manly virtues of courage, strength, honor, and integrity. He was the man that every Southern male aspired to be, and the son that every Southern mother hoped to raise. He was the very embodiment of virtue." *"America needs character, honor, and virtue now more than ever. Benjamin Franklin said, “Only a virtuous people are capable of freedom. As nations become more corrupt and vicious, they have more need of masters.” * "By erasing Robert E. Lee, cancel culture has erased perhaps America's greatest example of virtue. We need heroes of noble character like Lee for our children and grandchildren to emulate. But cancel culture is systematically targeting and eliminating our heroes. * The Unappreciated Benefits of Natural Light - LewRockwell.com Spend a little time every day in the sunshine - It does a body good! We need everyone involved in this sacred cause of Liberty to be healthy, vibrant participants.

As the Union continued to rack up military victories deep in Confederate territory, there was a sense the end of the war was near. Despite hopeful sentiments, Abraham Lincoln remained stoic and cautious in his second inaugural address in early March. Little did anyone know that surrender would be in hand just over a month later when General Robert E. Lee requested to speak with General Ulysses S. Grant. What happened during their conversation? Tune in to find out. 

When Lee got the results back from his DNA test, he was stunned to discover that he had pages and pages of white cousins. All his life he'd been under the impression that 95% of his DNA traced to West Africa. This discovery opened up a new historical pathway, one that traces all the way back to 17th century Wales. In this episode, Lee takes us on the journey to discover his white ancestry. Later, Lee sits down with two newly-found white cousins to understand how differently history shaped the Black and White sides of one family. TranscriptLee Hawkins (host): We wanted to give a heads up that this episode includes talk of abuse and acts of violence. You can find resources on our website whathappenedinalabama.org. Listener discretion is advised.My name is Lee Hawkins, and this is What Happened In Alabama.[intro music starts]Back in 2015, I took a DNA test and found out some pretty shocking information. I always thought that I was 95% West African but it turned out that nearly 20% of my DNA was European. This revelation raised so many questions for me and led to years of research that would change my understanding of my own upbringing forever. Today I'll share that with you. We're going to go all the way back to 17th century Wales to uncover the path my ancestors took from Europe to the American South and how that, through slavery, led to me.I'll talk with experts and newly discovered white cousins to explore the history that connects the two sides. I want to find out how my family's experiences on the opposite ends of slavery and Jim Crow shaped our beliefs and our understanding of American history. But you'll get a whole lot more out of it if you go back and listen to the prologue first – that'll give you some context for putting the whole series in perspective. Do that, and then join us back here. Thanks so much. In many ways, the seeds for this project were planted in 1991, during the first trip I remember taking to Alabama.[cassette tape turning over, music starts] Tiffany: He would play an album on repeat. That's my sister, Tiffany. I call her Tiff. It's 1991, she's sitting in the backseat of our family's car, driving from Minnesota to Alabama. Tiffany: Dad used to like still stay up to date on, you know, pop culture, current music. There were certain songs that he would be like, “Oh, I like that,” you know, like Tony! Toni! Toné! It Feels Good. And things like that.My dad hated flying. He'd seen too much in his life, and he related flying to so many of the musicians he loved: Otis Redding, Stevie Ray Vaughn, Buddy Holly. They were all his contemporaries, and they all died in air crashes. So instead, we drove.I was 19 years old, and I was attending college at the University of Wisconsin Madison. At that time, I had just really gotten into the school newspaper. I was thinking about becoming a journalist or maybe a lawyer, but at that point, writing was more intriguing to me. I was excited about this family trip to Alabama, and I had no idea what was coming.Tiffany: Yeah, so Alabama, it's been kinda a, a mystery for me throughout my life because I wasn't able to ask questions that anyone would ask when you're wanting to know things about your parent.One of the big reasons my dad wanted to go to Alabama was to interview my great-Uncle Ike. He was the eldest patriarch of the family in Alabama, and he owned a farm near Greenville, dad's boyhood town. But most importantly, because he was in his 90s, he knew a lot about family history. And Dad had a lot of questions. I remember getting to Uncle Ike's and sitting in the living room, and across from me sat a caramel-skinned, white-haired man. For me, his reflection was like looking into a mirror and adding 70 years.Uncle Ike was in his early 90s, but those high cheekbones and blemish-free skin made it harder for me to believe that he was a day past 75. It was also hard to believe we were actually in Alabama, with Dad finally standing before his legendary, long-lost uncle, with a tape recorder in his hand. It was a trip we'd been talking about for months. Dad wanted to learn as much as possible about the Alabama family he left behind. Lee Sr.: Well, it's definitely, it's been a blessing to get to see you. As interested as I was in journalism, I was far from having the experience and interview skills to feel confident taking the lead. Plus, I knew that Dad needed this, so I deferred to him. The fact that he grew up there meant his questions would be far better than anything I could just randomly think of. But hearing his questions and how basic they were showed me just how far he'd strayed from his Alabama roots. Lee Sr.: Let me see, um, you were telling me about my father Lum. Now, how many brothers and sisters did he have? Most of the conversation was going over family tree details. Simple things like, how many siblings did my father have? And what were their names? We sat in that living room and asked Uncle Ike questions for just over an hour.Uncle Ike: I understand that all of them were named [unclear].Lee Sr.: Oh, we had a aunt, uh –Uncle Ike: Colby…When Uncle Ike answered, I struggled to catch every word of his southern accent. It was so thick, I thought it might even be a regional dialect, one that was unique to what my dad always humorously called, “LA,” Lower Alabama. I marveled at how quickly Uncle Ike started reciting family members. Even at his age, his recall, it was as swift as a rooster's crow at dawn! Lee Sr.: Oh yeah, Aunt Jem. I remember her…As we talked, my eyes began to drift to the fireplace, which was decorated with family photos. There, I saw a framed, weathered photo of a white man looking like he'd been plucked from a vintage Field and Stream ad. He appeared part outlaw, part GQ model. He was in hunting attire. There were hounds at his heels, and it looked like he was gripping a musket. Why, I thought, would Uncle Ike have a picture of some random white man hanging over his fireplace? Lee Sr.: Now this, what's this guy's name? Is this George Pugh up here on this picture? Uncle Ike: No, that's Isaac Pugh. Lee Sr.: That's your father? Uncle Ike: Yeah. They called him Ike, but his real name was Isaac. That made him my great-grandfather, Isaac Pugh Senior. I looked closer at the photo, into his eyes. His gaze was a determined one, as if he was daring me to look into the records and find out more. Who was this white man?[music starts]That day was more than 30 years ago. Since then, I've learned so much more about our family history. Seeing that picture of Isaac Pugh Senior on the mantel opened up an entirely new branch of my family tree – a white branch – that I had no idea existed. Digging through the records and existing research, I was able to trace that line all the way back to 17th century Wales.I recognized that I couldn't fully understand my family's experiences in America without uncovering the history of our white blood relatives on the other side of enslavement and Jim Crow. I had so many questions. Why did they come to America? What did they do when they got here? And most importantly, how were they connected to me? [sounds of a boat on water, sea gulls]In 1695, a man named Lewis Pugh boarded a boat near his hometown in Northwest Wales to sail for what was then called, “The New World.” The journey was long and grueling. Many people didn't survive. But the ones that did held on by a combination of luck and faith. Faith that the land that they were headed towards would help them prosper. He landed in Virginia, likely as an indentured servant. Several years later, he met and married a woman named Anne. The couple purchased land in Richmond County. They built a home, had seven kids, and many more grandchildren. Two of their great-grandchildren, the brothers Jesse and Lewis Pugh, decided to move south to Alabama at the start of the 19th century. The first thing they had to do was to get land. And to achieve that, they had to overcome one major obstacle. Chris: Well, it's important to remember that whites wanted Indian land from the moment they first stepped into the Americas. And so Indians have been removed since 1492, of course. This is Chris Haveman.Chris: Let me just talk briefly about terminology and the use of the word “Indian.” I've interviewed dozens and dozens of Native people throughout my career, and prior to talking to them, I always asked how they would prefer to be identified, and almost universally they say “Indian” or “American Indian.” Now, these folks tended to be a bit older, and as the younger generations come of age, the term seems to be falling out of favor, and when it does, historians including myself will adapt and adjust accordingly.He's an author of two books on the removal of Indigenous peoples from Alabama and Georgia to present-day Oklahoma, and a professor at the University of West Alabama.I've come to Professor Haveman to help me get a lay of the land in 19th century Alabama, when Jesse and Lewis Pugh arrived in the state around 1810.When the brothers got to Alabama, they were in Muscogee territory. The Muscogee were a loose union of multiple Indigenous groups, and they had millions of acres. Tribal leaders also use the name “Muscogee Nation.”Chris: Really, the story begins after the War of 1812, when whites decided that they really wanted that, that nice, nutrient rich soil in central Alabama. Over the years, throughout the 17 and early 1800s, this land was whittled away through treaties.The federal government started sending commissioners down to remove the Muscogee – and to do this, they had to coerce them into signing treaties first. This was done all over the American South and the rest of the country – and by the time the removal really got going, the Muscogee nation had already lost a large part of their land. But they were resisting. Chris: Commissioners were sent out, and Indians did not want to give up their land. And so a lot of times they resorted to threats, they resorted to some other shady tactics. And you had whites streaming into the Creek Land and they would, you know, just establish their farmstead illegally in the Creek Nation. Sometimes it would just overrun a Creek homestead and kick the family out and commandeer their crops for their, as their own. A lot of times they would get Creeks hooked on alcohol and uh, sell them merchandise on credit, get them indebted to them, and then they'd force them to give up their property as collateral. And things get really, really bad. Lee: What was the philosophy that was used to justify that? Chris: Conquest. The whites wanted it, and they were gonna take it regardless. There was no real justification, moral justification for it other than whites had the racist premise that they were civilized and the Indians were “savages” and that the whites could make better use of the land than Indians.Jesse and Lewis Pugh became landowners, both running plantations. They founded a church in Troy, Alabama, called Beulah Primitive Baptist Church. It still stands today. In my research, I found an article honoring the church. The paper hailed the brothers as “those daring ones, who braving the perils of the wilderness, came here and reclaimed this fair land from the planted savage.” The “planted savage,” I now know, refers to the Indigenous people who lived on the lands across the American South and beyond.Professor Haveman told me that on top of forced removal, there was a great deal of Muscogee land ceded by the tribe, but the conditions of these transactions make it hard to say how voluntary these handovers actually were. Chris: In 1832, the federal government gives a proposition to the Creek Indians, and they say, ‘Look, if you cede the rest of your land to us, we will allow each head of family to take 320-acre plots of land.' And this is where everything really goes downhill for the Creek Indians, because they gave up their sovereignty, uh, in exchange for a title or a deed. But what it does is basically, and I think you have to ask, it was so one-sided in favor of the federal government. You have to ask yourself, ‘Why would the Creek Indians agree to this?' And I think that they agreed to this because whites had illegally trespassed on their land so much between 1827 and 1832 that they realized that you know, whites usually liked a deed or a, you know, a title to their land, a piece of paper, something you could say, “This is my land.” And I think the Creeks tried to adopt that in order to stave off this encroachment that whites were giving on their land.So they, they had this deed and this title, and they thought that that would prevent whites from streaming onto their land, but it didn't. It actually, it just opened up massive amounts of fraud for them. And so you had 5 million acres of land in the Creek Nation in 1832. When this was ceded, all 5 million acres of land went to the federal government, and then parcels of 320 acres were then given to each Creek family. If you add up the over 6,000 families times 320 acres, it only comes out to like 2.1 million acres. And so almost 3 million acres of land will now be opened up for white settlement. And so the thing that they were trying to prevent – whites from encroaching on their land – is now gonna become legal.[music]On a January evening in 1837, Lewis Pugh was in his plantation fields in Alabama with his overseer. By this point, he owned land and enslaved people. That night, a man quietly snuck onto the roof of a house that overlooked the Pugh family cemetery on the plantation. The man fired a rifle from the top of the house, killing the overseer. Immediately afterwards, a swarm of 60 Muscogee swooped down on the plantation field. They killed Lewis, one of his sons, and an enslaved baby, who was in his mother's arms. Four enslaved men tried to defend themselves, the women, and the plantation. The Muscogee killed them too. The story captured the country. Lee: It was in every major newspaper across the country, uh, that Lewis Pugh, a prominent white settler, had been killed, um, and murdered by the Creek Indians. Why do you think it was so important that it be framed in that way? Chris: It made national news because the thing whites feared the most was an Indian uprising. And it's one of the reasons that whites who, um, had no means to become large-scale cotton planters still wanted the Indians gone because they were constantly terrified that Indians would rise up and attack them. Uh, and they had, you know, somewhat of a legitimate reason to be scared because whites treated the Indians so terribly and stole their land and, you know, created all these problems for them.It's clear that the Muscogee didn't just fold and concede their land. They retaliated, determined to defend it. And I can't help but think about it from the perspective of those enslaved people who died, fighting alongside their enslaver, to protect his life and his land – that's how closely their lives were intertwined. I'm still very curious about them, because they, too, might've been my relatives. Not long after I took that DNA test and first found out about the Pughs, I found a last will and testament belonging to Jesse Pugh, the brother of Lewis Pugh, the man who was murdered by the Muscogee in Alabama. In the will, it stated that Jesse enslaved a young girl named Charity, who was kept in bondage by the family into her adult years. Not long before Emancipation, she gave birth to a biracial son who she named Isaac Pugh. That was the white-looking man whose photo I saw on the mantel at great-Uncle Ike's house. Isaac Pugh, my great-grandfather. Doing my DNA test couldn't have been any simpler. I went online and ordered the $100 test, and the next day, I got a small box in the mail. Inside, I found a vial, and returned my saliva sample the following day. In just a few weeks, I got an email with my DNA results. It shows you who your cousins are, from first, all the way to distant. I had pages and pages of cousins, including many who were very, very white. I'm talking blond with blue eyes. There were a lot of Pughs in there. I was stunned by the sheer volume. One genealogist told me he had never seen anybody with so many pages of cousins who had also taken DNA tests. At that point, I had more than 216 fourth cousins or closer. One of the descendants was a man in his late 80s named Lloyd Pugh. We both descend from Ann and Lewis Pugh, but our relation wasn't close enough to show up on my DNA chart.Lloyd lives in Petersburg, Virginia, and last year I went to his house to meet him with my producer, Kyana. You'll sometimes hear her in the background throughout the interview.Lee: It's a nice, quaint neighborhood with a lot of brick homes in a colonial-style design typical of Virginia, I think. I met Lloyd through a man named Jim Pugh, another newly discovered cousin, but coincidentally, I've known Jim for 30 years through my early work as a journalist, back in Wisconsin. He was a PR guy for the state chamber of commerce. Every month, I called him for a comment on the employment rates. I wouldn't say we were friends back then, but we definitely liked each other. And then, through an odd twist of fate, I found out that we were related. Jim: When you reached out to me and say, “I think we're cousins,” I was like, “What?!” Let's do a call.I'd always noted that he had the same last name as my Grandma Opie, but it was only through an exchange on Facebook after I'd taken the DNA test, that Jim and I compared notes and figured out that we were both tied to the Pughs of Wales. Once Jim and I reconnected, he told me he had an elder cousin who was a family historian of sorts. That person was Lloyd Pugh.Lee: Oh, he has, okay, an American flag on his house and one on his car. [laughs] And here we are. [seat belts unbuckling] Let's go get started. Lloyd has worked on this long before genealogy exploded in the mainstream. His research is in the archives of the Library of Virginia. He has binders full of information he's gathered over the years on the Pughs. Lloyd: That book right there is one that's on the early, early Pughs. Lloyd is 88 years old. He's a tall, lean, active guy, full of warmth and southern charm. He was born and raised in Petersburg, a city known for being the site of a nine-month siege back beginning in 1864 that ended up costing the Confederacy the Civil War. Lloyd is absolutely fascinated with the Civil War, especially the Confederate side. He has tons of relics in his home, everything from swords and rifles to cannons, decommissioned bomb heads, and bullets. He also has a huge painting of General Robert E. Lee, hanging right above his couch. Lee: Why do you have a picture of General Lee in your front room? Lloyd: Because it's a part of my heritage. It has nothing to do with being anti-Black or slavery. It's just part of my heritage in that I had three grandfathers that served under Lee. [music starts]Lloyd and I couldn't be more polar opposite in our views about the Confederacy. But I didn't go to Virginia to condemn or to convert him. I went to his house to talk to him about history, our shared history. And he was interested in talking about it too. So he and his daughters invited Jim and I over, and we had a conversation that helped me understand how the white Pughs would come to shape the Black side of my family for generations. [music]Lee: Well, thank you everybody. Um, the man of the hour is Lloyd. Because Lloyd has done a tremendous amount of work around the Pugh family history. And really, I want to thank you, Lloyd, for opening up your home and showing us this museum of incredible Civil War history that you have, and also helping me gain a better understanding of my own history.Um, it's, uh, it's bittersweet to understand how we're connected, but it's also, the power of it is that I wouldn't know this history if we hadn't worked together to understand it and to identify it, and part of my goal in doing this work is to inspire other people across racial lines to do this work. Um, and it is hard, but we both love it, right? Lloyd: Right. Lee: Okay, so, uh, you've done a tremendous amount of work on the Civil War, and we'll get into that, but you've also done a lot around the Pugh family, and I think it's important to talk first about how the Pugh family got to America.Lloyd: There were actually three migrations. One migration of Pughs went to Norfolk, and from Norfolk, they went down through North Carolina, South Carolina, on into Alabama, and in that direction. Lee: That's my line. Lloyd: That's his line. Our line of Pughs landed at, uh, Richmond County, which is the upper neck over on the, uh, near the, on the east, west side of the Chesapeake Bay, and they migrated on down through, uh, came this way, Chesterfield, on to Amelia County, and eventually they end up on the, uh, east side of the Appalachian Mountains.And the third group came in, in New York, and they migrated down the west side of the Appalachian Mountains into Tennessee and Kentucky on down in that direction. So there are three distinct lines of Pughs, and I was happened to be the one that migrated down through the Chesapeake Bay into Richmond County.Lee: What did the Pughs do here initially? Lloyd: Farmers. Tobacco was king in Virginia. They raised other crops. They had to raise, uh, food crops, but the money crop was tobacco. Tobacco was critical to the expansion of the slavery economy in America, so it doesn't surprise me that the White Pughs were involved in the tobacco trade. But through talking to Lloyd, I learned more about their interactions with Black people, specifically through a man named John Boyd Pugh. He's Lloyd's great-grandfather, and he fought on the Confederate side of the war. In fact, he was so committed to the Confederacy and the slavery it represented, he refused for months – after being captured and imprisoned near the end of the war – to take the oath of allegiance to the United States. It blew me away to learn how deeply committed people I share heritage with were to white supremacy – John Boyd Pugh and others believed devoutly in it. They practiced it, and were willing to die for it. And after the war, he became an overseer for a prominent family named the Baylors.Lloyd: And the Baylor family, signers of the Declaration of Independence, founders of Baylor University, some kind of way found out about my grandfather, John Boyd Pugh, and they offered him the oversee of New Market Plantation, which is in Milford, Virginia.His salary was one fourth of all the crops, plus $50 a month salary. And so he took the job, and he moved from Albemarle County with his family up to Milford to New Market Plantation. And he was the overseer of that plantation, right there at Bowling Green, Virginia. When I heard that, my mind went back to all the books I've read in my research, including The Half Has Never Been Told, by Edward Baptist, which clearly outlined the role of overseers as the drivers of productivity on plantations, many using whipping and other torture techniques to get the most out of enslaved Black people. Baptist explained that on many plantations, overseers held the enslaved to strict quotas. They'd weigh the crops and assess the work at the end of the day, and if the quota wasn't met, the person would be whipped in front of all the other enslaved people, to make an example out of them.Hearing that I not only share heritage with enslavers, but also overseers, I was absolutely stunned. I began to see how far back the whip could be traced in my family.Lloyd stipulated that because John Boyd Pugh did his overseer work after Emancipation, he believes he probably wasn't involved in whipping. Lloyd: When John Boyd went to Newmarket, this was after the Civil War. So they had to have hired labor. And I think, I doubt that there were the whippings and the lashing and so forth when you have hired workers because they could say, “I'm leaving,” and just walk off the farm, so, yeah. To be fair, it's possible that Lloyd is right – maybe John Boyd Pugh was one of the few exceptions; an overseer who never resorted to violence. But I doubt it, and here's why: in my research, I found the archive to be packed with proof that whipping continued to be a foundational aspect of overseer duties for decades after Emancipation into Jim Crow.Lee: This is the hard part, you know, for me, because, you know, I think when I first talked with you, Jim, you were telling me that your great – great-great- grandfather was an overseer. And I didn't know – or you didn't know – what an overseer was, and when I looked at, you know, a lot of these movies that you see, the overseers are the guys that drove the production of the, of the plantation. Um, and that, for me, is just, that's inextricably tied with the capitalistic, sort of, reality of building America and how so much of the productivity was driven at the plantation level. How did you feel when I explained, especially the part that whipping was a big part of overseer work? How did you feel about that?Jim: Well, you know, you don't really know what you don't know until you find out. And that's when you learn about it, you know, 'cause you don't, you think of, um, overseeing, uh, like a agricultural operation today, you wouldn't have that 'cause you have machines, you know? So, um, but yeah, that was pretty, pretty shocking to find out about that, but it's also the reality of what, the way the world was at that time, you know. [music starts]My mind went back to that interview with my Uncle Ike in 1991, when he told us about Grandma Charity. He told us that when he was a kid working on his father, Isaac Pugh Senior's farm, she would beat the kids if she felt they weren't being productive enough. This, from a woman who was enslaved by Jesse Pugh, a cousin of John Boyd Pugh. It's almost as if, once she became emancipated and the family got its own farm, she became the overseer, and her grandchildren, the free labor. Lee: I've been always fascinated by the way, when we built our country, just how deeply rooted it was, not just in slavery, but also in the establishment of the land, how people got their land, you know, um, particularly from, from the Indigenous people.And I think that the problem, just in my opinion, is that everything is so controversial that people have decided they don't even want to even begin to study this work. And there, of course, are many, many academics who write powerfully beautiful detailed accounts of all of this history. Um, Doug Blackmon, Slavery by Another Name, um, Edward Baptist, The Half Has Never Been Told.And in a lot of this stuff, they give really detailed accounts of the economy of slavery and also the Civil War, and the way all of the different range of realities that were at stake as our country was starting to form itself into what we now know today. Um, when you study the Civil War and the Confederate side of it, what, how do you relate to that history in terms of your un– do you know anything about John Boyd Pugh or was the, the oral history lost?Lloyd: I knew absolutely nothing. No one in the family shared anything, ever shared anything with me. And what was learned, learned through my research. Clearly, family secrets are preserved on the white sides of the family, too. Dark secrets like the violent role of overseers, the fact that land was stolen, and the identity of white men who fathered Black children, were not often openly discussed. And those lies of omission make it harder for future generations of whites to acknowledge the causes of generational disparities and trauma – through ignorance or cognitive dissonance. But this work – especially the DNA testing – exposes the lies, and people doing it have to prepare themselves for unsettling discoveries. This work isn't about agreeing on everything. It's about opening up the family bibles and records to access information that neither side would have without the other. So it requires a rare form of tolerance, and a spirit of unity as opposed to division on the issue of genealogy. The truth is that I feel like I was blessed. I was fortunate to stumble on a white guy who I'd known for 30 years, and we discovered we were cousins. We already had trust between us, and he opened up the door for me to meet Lloyd. And the timing was perfect. Lee: I think for me, and especially the fact that, that you're basically a Republican dude [laughs] who, uh, you know, really like, and deeply rooted in the Republican party, um, and, and that you're a Republican dude who took me through to make this introduction so I could meet Lloyd so that we could study this together, to me, defies all of the conventional wisdom, which is that we're all divided and we're all, um, to be, you know, enemies on the other side of the issue.Jim: Well, Lee messaged me. I had posted about the, the trip where we did, we followed Lee's retreat back to Battle of White Oak Road. I think that was our last stop, and then we came home. And Lee, he said, ‘I, I see your, I think we're related.' And I said, I messaged him back and, and I'm thinking, ‘I don't want to put a bunch of this stuff in writing,' right? 'Cause I'm being like, it's not, this is sensitive stuff. I mean, we're dealing with race, and this is a war –Lee: You knew the political, the political – Jim: Yeah, I'm working in operatives, and he was working for the Wall Street Journal! And I'm thinking, ‘This is gonna be, this is not, this is gonna end bad,' right? So I, I said, “Lee…” He's like, “I think we're related.” He goes, ‘I've been doing family research. There's Willoughby and Spotsworth –.' And I said, ‘Oh, whoa, whoa, whoa, whoa. That sounds about right.' He said, ‘Can we do a call?' 'Cause I'm thinking, I want to, I want to turn off the typewriter. There's nothing good that's gonna come [Lee laughs] from this if it's typed forever and ever.And we did a call, and he's like, ‘Yeah.' And I said, ‘Well, how do you know?' He said, ‘I did 23andMe. And my DNA goes back to Wales,' and I said, ‘Well, you know, welcome to the family.' [laughter]Lee: And then I said, ‘I want my reparation.' Jim: Yeah.[laughter]And as the conversation continued, we drilled down deeper into the undeniable proof of our ancestors being enslavers, and Lloyd plainly stated the facts: Lloyd: Okay, let me, let me confirm that. I'm looking at the will of John Pugh in December 1827. His will, one negro hired by the name of Harry, worth $300. One woman, Judy, worth $200. One young man named Abram, $400. This is actually in the will, so that goes directly in our line, so there's, I mean, that's the proof of our line owning slaves.Lee: Do you feel guilty about it? Lloyd: No. Lee: Tell me what you think about it.Lloyd: It was a, it was a time. It's just like the Confederate statues in Richmond. It was history in a time, and you can't destroy it. Even though they've taken them down, they're still there in the minds of people, and they are people who are gonna keep them alive.Jim: But we're not white supremacists. Lloyd: No. Jim: We're not white supremacists, and that's the thing people need to understand. It's so easy to just shortcut from, ‘You're a conservative Republican or you're a libertarian or whatever' to, ‘You're a white supremacist,' and that's just not the case. I don't hold white people of today responsible for slavery and the actions of their ancestors. We're not responsible for the sins of our forefathers. But we should take responsibility for the present and the future by being transparent and honest about history. I know I joked with Jim about reparations, but that discussion isn't just between the white and Black families tied to slavery; it's between Black American descendants of slavery and the U.S. government, which includes states that enforced racist laws. Contrary to what many assume or imply, reparations wouldn't be about individual white citizens personally compensating Black people; it would be government obligation, funded by taxpayers like any other public expense – infrastructure, education, or foreign aid. Taxpayers don't get to opt out of funding highways they don't use, just as those from families who didn't own slaves can't opt out either. Slavery fueled America's economic rise – on the backs of Black people, largely on stolen land – a legacy from which today's Americans still benefit, no matter when they came here. [music starts]All in all, I spent two days with Lloyd, his daughters, and Jim. We had dinner and we talked a lot. He told me more about his life, like how he spent most of his career as an educator and superintendent, even helping oversee the desegregation of schools. I realized our families share many common values despite all our differences.Lee: When you hold all these documents and all the binders you've made, thinking of all the Pugh history, what do you feel?Lloyd: First of all, I feel thankful that I'm the result of all of that, that I'm able to carry on the family line. I just look at the Pugh family across the years as just good, sound, solid business people who did what they were supposed to do, and stayed out of jail, and paid their taxes, and didn't beat their families, and just good old southern Christian families is the way I look at it. The information I received from Lloyd deepened my understanding of why so many slavery-era customs appeared in my childhood. It helped me with my quest to begin to trace the whip back to the very plantation where it started. For me, that's part of where the healing comes from – not from any kind of validation I'd seek from Lloyd and Jim, but from the information that's allowed me to draw my own conclusions and undertake my own healing work. The Pugh family history is intertwined with America's story, from the Revolutionary War through the Civil War and into the Jim Crow era. Lloyd and I come from the same family, but our experiences reflect opposite sides of the American history it's rooted in. Meeting Lloyd helped me piece together our family history. It also triggered a need in me to uncover the story of how the white Pughs in America treated the most disenfranchised and exploited person in this saga, my great-great-grandmother, Charity, the matriarch of my family.That's on the next What Happened In Alabama.[outro music]CREDITSWhat Happened In Alabama is a production of American Public Media. It's written, produced and hosted by me, Lee Hawkins.Our executive producer is Erica Kraus. Our senior producer is Kyana Moghadam.Our story editor is Martina Abrahams Ilunga. Our lead writer is Jessica Kariisa.Our producers are Marcel Malekebu and Jessica Kariisa. This episode was sound designed and mixed by Marcel Malekebu. Our technical director is Derek Ramirez. Our soundtrack was composed by Ronen Lando. Our fact checker is Erika Janik.And Nick Ryan is our director of operations.Special thanks to the O'Brien Fellowship for Public Service Journalism at Marquette University; Dave Umhoefer, John Leuzzi, Andrew Amouzou and Ziyang Fu. And also thanks to our producer in Alabama, Cody Short. The executives in charge at APM are Joanne Griffith and Chandra Kavati.You can follow us on our website, whathappenedinalabama.org or on Instagram at APM Studios.Thank you for listening.

In an unprecedented move, a school district in Virginia became the maiden in the nation to revert to original school names linked to the Confederacy, after a name change had previously taken place. A momentous decision took place in 2020 by the Shenandoah County School Board where they altered the names of Stonewall Jackson High School and Ashby-Lee Elementary School to Mountain View High School and Honey Run Elementary School respectively. However, this decision ignited a simmering discontent amongst some local inhabitants who raised a concern that the board had taken the decision to modify the names without considering public opinion. On 9th of May, against this backdrop, the board conducted a public hearing intending to deliberate upon reverting the names. The discussion saw a majority vote in favor with a 5-1 tally, leading to the restoration of the original names. The board members who voted in favor of resurrecting the original names maintained their stance, arguing that the 2020 school board bypassed proper procedures to accomplish their agenda. Gloria Carlineo, a member of the District 2 School Board, criticized the previous board actions, questionning their due process and alleging them of ignoring the voice of the people they represented. 'The actions of the previous board was not an inadvertent error by some neophyte members, but instead, a meticulously planned progression towards their goal, largely ignoring the concerns of those they should represent', Carlineo contended. A local resident who advocated for the name restoration coupled the sentiment, remarking, 'The irony is rich with those who preach lectures on morality whilst turning a blind eye towards the acts of the 2020 school board.' On the contrary, Kyle Gutshall, who stood as the singular opposing vote, expressed his perspective, 'There's a proper way and an improper way of doing things. At the end of the day, it really boils down to one's viewpoint.' Adding further, he said 'The question regarding moral and immoral, right and wrong, is largely subjective and hinges on individual perspective.' Another resident opined, 'Reverting to the name 'Stonewall Jackson' in 2024, would be akin to bringing back a 1959 act that is indelibly linked to mass resistance and segregation under the Jim Crow laws', highlighting the historical implications of the change. General Thomas 'Stonewall' Jackson is revered as one of the most formidable generals of the American Civil War. On a personal level, he was a staunch Presbyterian. Before the flames of war scorched the land, he was known to organize Sunday school sessions for the black populace at his church. In 1863, a tragic incident occurred when Jackson was accidentally shot by one of his own, consequently leading to the amputation of his left arm. Barely a week later, he succumbed to his injuries. 'Jackson was not known to either excuse or advocate the institution of slavery. In his worldview, slavery was sanctified by the Creator and it was not within man's moral jurisdiction to challenge its existence,' remarked historian James Robertson in his work, Stonewall Jackson: The Man, the Soldier, the Legend. Interestingly, the name of Ashby-Lee drew its reference from General Robert E. Lee, the commander of the Confederate army, and Turner Ashby, a dedicated Confederate cavalry officer who performed under Jackson's command and lost his life in 1862. Robert E. Lee, a figure of immense historical importance, had received an offer for the role of Major General in the Union army, poised to wage war against the Confederacy. However, his initial opposition to Southern secession was eventually overshadowed by his deeper allegiance to his home state, Virginia. Despite his personal conflicts, Lee quoted, 'I shall never raise weapons against the Union, however, circumstances may necessitate my participation in the defense of my beloved Virginia, in which case I would not fail in my duty.' Thus, this statement portrays Lee's gravitation towards defending his home turf over engaging in a broader national conflict which he initially resisted.See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

  Today, Ulyssis S. Grant is most often remembered for commanding the Union Army that secured the surrender of General Robert E. Lee's Confederate troops at Appomattox – in effect ending the Civil War. But Grant was much more of course. He was elected president of the United States twice, although historians don't rank him very highly, was one of the nation's biggest celebrities in the late 19th Century and an early protector of Civil Rights. He also was swindled out of all his money. His wife Julia came from a Missouri family that owned slaves. She was the love of Grant's life. Author Jon Clinch's new historical fiction novel called The General and Julia tells the story of Grant's last days and the significant moments in his life. Appearing on The Spark Thursday, Clinch talked of the book's inspiration,"We think of him (Grant) as this silhouette on horseback and on a battlefield. We think of him as that glum looking grumpy character on the $50 bill. We think of him as a guy smoking a cigar or a or a drunk, which it turns out he wasn't. But we think of him in all these ways. But what I took away finally from learning as much as I did early on about him was the tragedy of the last year or so of his life. That period where he had lost everything, he had lost his fortune, such as it was. He lost his money. He lost his standing in many ways. He lost his health. And what he had left was his memory and his ability to write under the worst of circumstances his wonderful memoirs with the idea that by selling them, even after he was gone, his family might be able to pull themselves back together and pull themselves back from the brink of disaster. I thought that was that was the most heroic thing I saw him do." Clinch was asked what he wants readers to take away from the story,"I want us to remember the kindness and the family love that he left behind more than anything else. They were a family, husband and wife, four children, three grandchildren. They were the real deal. He was not the small set of big things that we think of him as being. He was a big set of small things that every human being is. And I wanted to think about that."Support WITF: https://www.witf.org/support/give-now/See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Today in Current Events from a Christian Perspective:Ohio puts abortion into their Constitution.Vatican allows transgender Catholics to be baptized.The historic statue of General Robert E Lee is melted down secretly.And Apple has to close down a muslim slack channel because of anti-semitism or something.All this and more today on ChurchPublic!..---At Church Public we create compelling content to equip you to follow Jesus and engage in the public square including Current Events from a Christian Perspective.Thanks for watching! Thanks for listening!Listen on Apple PodcastsListen on SpotifyListen on GooglePodcastsWatch on YouTubeFind Me:Website: churchpublic.comFacebook: https://www.facebook.com/ChurchPublic/Twitter: https://twitter.com/churchpublicInstagram: https://www.instagram.com/churchpublic/Support:on PAYPALand at www.churchpublic.com/supportToday is a great day to start your own podcast. Whether you're looking for a new marketing channel, have a message you want to share with the world, or just think it would be fun to have your own talk show...podcasting is an easy, inexpensive, and fun way to expand your reach online.Following the link in the show notes let's Buzzsprout know we sent you, gets you a $20 Amazon gift card if you sign up for a paid plan, and helps support our show.https://www.buzzsprout.com/?referrer_id=1132064Support the show

Charlottesville's statue of General Robert E. Lee has its face sawn off and is melted down in a furnace, leaving us with this haunting image. Make no mistake, this is a humiliation ritual where they really wish it was you in there. Plus, the state attorney general of Texas is back in the saddle after his impeachment acquittal and is already back to suing the Biden administration. No wonder they wanted him gone. And finally, are big oil companies profiting from playing the bad guy for the climate alarmists?Guests:David J. Harris Jr. | Author & Podcast HostRobert Henneke | Executive Director, Texas Public Policy FoundationEdward Ring | Senior Fellow, California Policy CenterPaul Jonna | Special Counsel, Thomas More Society & Partner, Limandri & Jonna LLP

From acclaimed historian Elizabeth Varon comes a true story of courage and controversy – a new exploration of one of the most complex figures from American Civil War history. LONGSTREET, delves deep into the life and legacy of General James Longstreet. With LONGSTREET, Varon – the recipient of the 2020 Gilder Lehrman Lincoln Prize for her book Armies of Deliverance – provides a meticulously researched biography that unveils the lesser-known aspects of General Longstreet's story, from his early days as a protégé of General Robert E. Lee to his pivotal role in the Battle of Gettysburg and beyond. However, what truly sets this work apart is its focus on Longstreet's divergent path from traditional Southern postwar ideology. After the South was defeated, Longstreet moved to New Orleans. There he supported Black voting and joined the newly elected, integrated postwar government in Louisiana. When white supremacists took up arms to oust that government, Longstreet, leading the interracial state militia, battled against former Confederates. White Southerners branded him a race traitor and blamed him retroactively for the South's defeat in the Civil War. His continued defiance ignited a firestorm. In this age of racial reckoning, it is high time that Longstreet be rediscovered. Varon's careful research and engaging storytelling provides readers with a fresh understanding of a man who dared to challenge the norms of his time, demonstrating that Longstreet's controversial choices have enduring relevance for our modern debates. About the Author: Elizabeth R. Varon is Langbourne M. Williams professor of American history at the University of Virginia and a member of the executive council of UVA's John L. Nau III Center for Civil War History. Varon's books include Southern Lady, Yankee Spy: The True Story of Elizabeth Van Lew, A Union Agent in the Heart of the Confederacy, and Appomattox: Victory, Defeat and Freedom at the End of the Civil War. Her most recent book, Armies of Deliverance: A New History of the Civil War, won the 2020 Gilder Lehrman Lincoln Prize and was named one of The Wall Street Journal's best books of 2019. For more info on the book click HERE --- Support this podcast: https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/steve-richards/support

Leftists melt down statue of General Robert E. Lee, hero of the Confederacy, but what is that going to do for healing today? America as a nation makes leftists nervous. A Democrat congressman, Dean Phillips of Minnesota, is challenging Biden for the 2024 Democrat nomination. Yes, Biden is just too old, and everyone sees it, whether they'll admit it or not. Schools are cancelling Halloween because it's not inclusive enough.Follow Clay & Buck on YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/c/clayandbuckSee omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

The Battle of Gettysburg is one of the most famous battles of the American Civil War. It occurred from July 1 to July 3, 1863 in and around the town of Gettysburg, Pennsylvania, and this battle had the largest number of casualties for this entire war.This battle was the turning point of the Civil War after Union Major General George Meade's soldiers defeated the Confederate army lead by General Robert E. Lee. This ended Lee's attempt to invade the North, and afterwards he retreated with his army back to Virginia. But not everyone went home when this battle ended. It is estimated that between 46,000 and 51,000 soldiers from both sides had their lives end in this three day battle. Soon after the battle ended; reports started to come in concerning paranormal activity throughout this area. From phantom cries of wounded soldiers to full body apparitions walking the battle grounds - Gettysburg is constantly reminded about their dark past.So settle in my spooky friends…we are about to here the tales of the ghosts of Gettysburg. But before we get started today, I do have a warning for you all. In this episode we will be speaking about a lot of death, and dismemberment. Listener discretion is advised.We got merch! Shop now: HorrifyingHist1.redbubble.comJoin our fan club at: https://www.patreon.com/horrifyinghistory Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/horrifyinghistoryInstagram & Threads: https://instagram.com/horrifying_historyTwitter: https://twitter.com/horrifyinghist1 Horrifying History is part of the Darkcast Network. Check out their other amazing podcasts at https://www.darkcastnetwork.comHere is where you can find Rachael Goddard:Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/historynerd32Twitter: https://twitter.com/GoddardSinger Instagram:https://www.instagram.com/rachaelgoddard_actress_singer/Find her books "Wild Rose of Tombstone" and "Too Tough to Die at: https://www.amazon.com/dp/B09GZC7PMV https://www.amazon.com/dp/B09GZC7PMVThis show is part of the Spreaker Prime Network, if you are interested in advertising on this podcast, contact us at https://www.spreaker.com/show/4180070/advertisement

In which we discuss the Battle of Cheat Mountain. An early battle of the Civil War, it features General Robert E. Lee and people might be surprised to learn about how the south felt about him before and after this battle.

The Union Army of the Potomac finally catches up to the Confederate Army of Northern Virginia at Williamsport, Maryland. With the rebels dug in in a series of defensive earthworks, Genera George Meade hesitates to attack and calls a Council of War of his top generals. After a brief respite from the heavy summer rains, General Robert E. Lee seizes the opportunity to begin the evacuation of his army across the Potomac River. Union cavalry under Generals Judson Kilpatrick and John Buford launch an attack on the Confederate rear guard at the Battle of Falling Waters. Maps and supplemental information on the EMH Facebook page: https://www.facebook.com/EMHistory

The Confederate Army reaches the Potomac, but high water levels make the river unfordable for the foreseeable future. General Robert E. Lee orders the construction of a defensive line to cover Williamsport and Falling Waters. The Union Army marches from Gettysburg to Frederick and Middletown, Maryland, before crossing South Mountain. Meade receives a promotion and news of General Ulysses S. Grant's victory at Vicksburg. Rebel and Yankee cavalry clash at the Battle of Boonsboro and the Battle of Funkstown. Check out the EMH Facebook page for maps and supplemental information: https://www.facebook.com/EMHistory

The American Civil War was a pivotal moment in history, with the Confederacy battling the Union for its very existence. In the summer of 1862, during the Seven Days Battle, General Robert E. Lee and his Confederate forces came tantalizingly close to turning the tide of the war in their favor. Indeed, the Confederates almost won the Civil War during those fateful seven days. General Lee, a master tactician, devised a bold plan to repel Union General George B. McClellan's Army of the Potomac from Richmond, the Confederate capital. Lee understood that a decisive victory could cripple Union morale and pave the way for Southern independence. He meticulously coordinated a series of attacks designed to catch the Union forces off guard and deliver a crushing blow. The battle commenced on June 25, 1862, at Oak Grove and Mechanicsville. The Confederates launched fierce assaults, testing the mettle of McClellan's troops. The Union soldiers fought bravely but were pushed back, giving Lee a significant advantage. It was a promising start for the Confederates, who sensed an impending victory. The turning point of the Seven Days Battle occurred on June 27 at Gaines's Mill. Lee's audacious decision to attack head-on paid off as his forces overwhelmed the Union positions. McClellan's army caught off guard, struggled to maintain cohesion and was driven into retreat. The Confederates fought with unmatched ferocity and determination, nearly breaking the Union lines. Victory seemed within their grasp. However, as the battle raged, the Union forces demonstrated remarkable resilience. General Fitz John Porter and his troops fought desperately, buying time for McClellan to regroup and solidify their defenses. Despite being pushed to the brink of defeat, the Union soldiers refused to surrender. Meanwhile, the Confederates faced a series of costly delays. These included rough terrain, logistical challenges, and coordination issues. These setbacks gave the Union army precious time to reinforce their lines and recover from the initial onslaught. The tide of the battle slowly shifted, favoring the Union once again. Lee's ambitious plan to trap and annihilate the Union forces near the Chickahominy River nearly succeeded. But due to a lack of coordination among his commanders and missed opportunities, the Confederates failed to fully capitalize on their initial victories. Their inability to exploit critical openings allowed McClellan's army to escape and regroup. The culmination of the Seven Days Battle came on July 1 at Malvern Hill. The Confederates, determined to deliver a final blow, launched wave after wave of attacks against well-entrenched Union positions. However, the Union soldiers held their ground, aided by advantageous terrain and a formidable defensive line. The Confederates suffered heavy casualties and could not break through the Union defenses. Exhausted and battered, Lee's forces faced a stinging defeat. Despite their valiant efforts, victory slipped through their fingers, which shattered the Confederacy's dreams of a swift triumph. The Seven Days Battle showcased the Confederates' incredible potential to turn the tide of the Civil War. Lee's brilliant strategy and initial successes brought the Confederacy within striking distance of victory. However, the Union's resilience, costly delays, missed opportunities, and stalwart defense at Malvern Hill prevented the Confederates from securing a decisive win. Show notes at https://thedigressionpodcast.com/108 Sound Off! With a comment or a question at https://thedigressionpodcast.com/soundoff Like the show? Leave a 5-star rating and review: https://thedigressionpodcast.com/review Help us keep the engine running at https://thedigressionpodcast.com/donate Or just share our podcast with a friend! It's the best way to grow the show!! NOTES: Seven Days: The Emergence of Robert E. Lee and the Dawn of a Legend by Clifford Dowdey and Robert K. Krick 

The Most Haunted Location in America? Gettysburg, Pa - Part 1: The Orphanage Is Gettysburg, Pa. the most haunted location in America. The Battle of Gettysburg, fought from July 1 to July 3, 1863, was a huge moment in the American Civil War. It involved the Union Army of the Potomac, commanded by General George G. Meade, and the Confederate Army of Northern Virginia, led by General Robert E. Lee. The battle resulted in a significant turning point for the Union, marking a major defeat for the Confederacy and setting the stage for their eventual surrender.  By the end of the Battle of Gettysburg, both sides had suffered staggering casualties. The Union had around 23,000 soldiers killed, wounded, or missing, while the Confederate losses totaled approximately 28,000. The three-day battle was a turning point in the war, as it halted General Lee's advance into Northern territory and boosted the Union's morale. Which has sparked many reports of ghosts and hauntings. We embark on a spine-tingling, and comedic journey into the reported paranormal phenomena that have plagued this hallowed ground. In this episode, we focus on the haunted location known as "The Orphanage."  Find this and other great English and Spanish language shows online at www.JefePods.com  Be sure to Like the Show's Facebook Page.See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Join us on a captivating journey back to an era that defined the course of American history - the Battle of Gettysburg. Picture a sleepy Pennsylvania town, now echoing with the march of armies and the thunder of cannons. In todays Special Liberty Minute

July 6th, 1863 turned out to be a fairly consequential day as General Robert E. Lee's Army of Northern Virginia continued its retreat through Monterey Pass toward the Potomac. Union cavalry under Generals Judson Kilpatrick and John Buford attack Jeb Stuart's cavalry at Hagerstown and John Imboden's improvised defense at Williamsport. General George G. Meade finally decides to mount a real pursuit of the Confederates.

Both the North and the South hoped that General Robert E. Lee would fight for them... on THIS DAY, June 15th with Chris Conley.See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Back in September of 2022, Matt, Six Questions Lentz, LBGs Chris Army and Tracy Baer and friends went down to Culpeper, Virginia to take a tour of Brandy Station battlefields with Clark "Bud" Hall and then record a show on Fleetwood Hill. Bud has led a remakable effort to preserve hundreds of acres of battlefield over the decades and it's truly an amazing place to visit. The grounds saw far more activity that just that famous cavalry battle on June 9, 1863.  From the American Battlefield Trust: "Fought in the second week of June 1863, Brandy Station was the largest cavalry battle ever fought in North America. With momentum firmly in hand after his stunning victory at Chancellorsville, General Robert E. Lee decided to launch a second Northern invasion. On June 3, the Army of Northern Virginia began the movement away from Fredericksburg. The first leg of the march took the Confederates to Culpeper Court House. From there, Maj. Gen. J.E.B. Stuart's cavalry division was to screen the infantry as the march continued to the Shenandoah Valley. Stuart's concentration, however, was detected by Union cavalry led by Alfred Pleasonton. Under the assumption that Stuart planned a raid around his right flank toward Washington, Maj. Gen. Joseph Hooker, the commander of the Army of the Potomac, directed Pleasonton to cross the Rappahannock River and destroy the Confederate cavalry. Early on the morning of June 9, Pleasonton sent columns over the Rappahannock at Beverly Ford and Kelly's Ford. Following the crossing at Beverly Ford, the Union troopers truck Stuart's camp in the vicinity of a rail station on the Orange & Alexandria Railroad, Brandy Station. The Confederates quickly rallied, and the Federals ran into stiff resistance at St. James Church and the Richard Cunningham farm. After moving over Kelly's Ford, the Union cavalry split up. One division headed for Brandy Station while the other made their way to Stevensburg. The arrival of blue troopers at Brandy Station threatened the rear of Stuart's position. Stuart countered by deftly shifting his brigades, and the two sides clashed in mounted combat on a long, low ridge that rose from the station called Fleetwood Hill. Correspondingly, Pleasonton's force at Stevensburg were stymied by Confederate horsemen. Unable to break through Stuart's position, Pleasonton abandoned the field after fourteen hours of fighting." This episode is brought to you without commercial interruption by our Patreon page. Patreon is the primary way to keep AG going. Unlike other Patreon accounts, we give you weekly content in exchange for your support. So... weekly episodes on Patreon PLUS the free stuff you listen to? Man, do we spoil you or what? So join our community at www.patreon.com/addressinggettysburg

CHECK OUT OUR STORE! https://www.etsy.com/shop/CancelLincoln?ref=shopNot long after General Robert E Lee's surrender at Appomattox in April 1865, the president of the Confederate States, Jefferson Davis, was captured and taken into the Union's custody. Davis was set to be put on trial and publicly made an example of in court in an epic way, as a consequence for the accusation of treason levied against him by the Federal Government. Additionally the North was counting on a verdict of guilty to put a seal of constitutional approval on its invasion of the South. But things wouldn't turn out as expected.Follow me on:Youtube: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCub_W83v0K8IAPdbKmElx1g Odyssee: https://odysee.com/@vice_signal:5?r=hMkwyZNi3fs2HJ6F96QhBHqF8MWnQqnFBitchute: https://www.bitchute.com/channel/3SgJIq54ZZ0O/Rumble: https://rumble.com/account/content?type=allSpotify: https://open.spotify.com/show/7HhXaN4jdOWvBO3lSIIXQF?si=74CvbnAlT-GdMvlVN5NYSw Apple Podcasts: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/cancel-lincoln/id1611084856Twitter: https://twitter.com/cancellincoln Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/cancellincoln/Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/betrayalof1776/?ref=pages_you_manage

Following the repulse of Pickett's Charge, General Robert E. Lee and his top lieutenants plan for the evacuation of the Confederate Army of Northern Virginia. General George Meade's Union Army of the Potomac rests and regroups in anticipation of the upcoming race back to southern territory with the rebels. Meanwhile, a Union cavalry detachment destroys the Confederate pontoon bridge at Falling Waters and Generals Judson Kilpatrick and George Custer's troopers ambush the rebel wagon train at the Battle of Monterey Pass. Check out the EMH facebook page for updates and supplemental information: https://www.facebook.com/EMHistory

Kent Masterson Brown returns to talk about his book Retreat from Gettysburg Lee, Logistics, and the Pennsylvania Campaign. If you haven't read this book, you should get a copy ASAP from our friends at For The Historian (don't forget to mention us for a discount). AWARDS & DISTINCTIONS 2005 James I. Robertson Jr. Literary Prize, The Civil War Library and Research Center2005 Bachelder-Coddington Literary Award, Robert E. Lee Civil War Round Table of Central New Jersey2005 Distinguished Writing Award, Army Historical Foundation In a groundbreaking, comprehensive history of the Army of Northern Virginia's retreat from Gettysburg in July 1863, Kent Masterson Brown draws on previously untapped sources to chronicle the massive effort of General Robert E. Lee and his command as they sought to move people, equipment, and scavenged supplies through hostile territory and plan the army's next moves. Brown reveals that even though the battle of Gettysburg was a defeat for the Army of Northern Virginia, Lee's successful retreat maintained the balance of power in the eastern theater and left his army with enough forage, stores, and fresh meat to ensure its continued existence as an effective force.

I sit with Historian Michael Hardy to discuss the cavalrymen of the 39th Virginia who were specifically recruited to serve as scouts, guides, and couriers for General Robert E. Lee. More from Michael Hardy Here: http://www.michaelchardy.com/ Music is graciously provided by Craig Duncan.Our website: https://untoldcivilwar.squarespace.com/Our Youtube Channel: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCMMWxSupport the show:(The podcast receives monetary compensation from these options.)Make a one time donation of any amount here: https://www.paypal.me/supportuntoldCWMake a monthly payment through Patreon and get the most up to date news on the podcast!https://www.patreon.com/user?u=51151470&fan_landing=truThis show is made possible by the support of our sponsors:The Badge MakerProudly carrying affordable, USA made products for reenactors, living history interpreters, and lovers of history.Civil War TrailsThe world's largest 'Open Air Museum' offering over 1,350 sites across six states. Paddle to Frederick Douglass's birthplace, follow the Gettysburg Campaign turn-by-turn in your car, or hike to mountain tops where long forgotten earthworks and artillery positions await you. Follow Civil War Trails and create some history of your own.Military Images MagazineAmerica's only magazine dedicated solely to the study of portrait photographs of Civil War soldiers. In each quarterly issue of MI, readers find a mix of analysis, case studies, examinations of material culture and personal stories that offer a unique perspective on the human aspect of the Civil War.The Excelsior BrigadeDealers in FINE CIVIL WAR MEMORABILIA.The goal of the "Brigade" is to offer high quality, original items while ensuring the best in service and customer satisfaction.1863 DesignsAre you looking for Civil War themed graphic design, logo design, historical art and or hand drawn art? Look no further than 1863 Designs. Use the code, “UNTOLD” for 15% off your purchase!POLR-Path of Least ResistancePost-Service is a difficult transition.  One of the deficiencies during separation that we find difficult is the loss of camaraderie and relationships.  POLR is dedicated to bring service members together to help facilitate programing that will bring the community together.Military MissivesWant to explore the great military campaigns in history? Military missives allows you to deep dive into a military campaign. Pick a campaign such as Sherman's Atlanta campaign and each month you will receive one new battle map and two documents related to the operation. This makes a fantastic gift for any history buff! Use code, "untoldcivilwar" to get 10% off! Support the show

Disney on Ice's Pablo Saccinto sits down with us to talk about the upcoming show in Duluth, life on the road, how he started skating, and his favorite Disney movies.  Also: The Taste of Mableton festival kicked off with a parade featuring Pebblebrook High School's Mighty Marching Machine band and other local groups. The parade showcased the multicultural talents of the Mableton community and marched down Floyd Road to the Mable House complex. The event was attended by many students who had worked hard to prepare for the parade. Parade grand marshal Jeff Padgett was enthusiastic about the event, and Fernanda Juarez from the TEOTL Foundation said it was emotional to see different people sharing their cultures. South Cobb students and JROTC members Andrea Galdamez and Yazmin Vanegas enjoyed the parade, but after the performance, they were really looking forward to getting some food. The M2R TrailFest is a free, public arts festival taking place on May 13th. This year, attendees can enjoy art installations and performances along the Mountain to River Trail, which stretches from Lewis Park to Brown Park. There will be sculptures, mural additions, free art drops, scavenger hunts, and a pet parade. The festival also features live music, dancers, and aerialists. Visitors can choose their path and see the brightly colored murals and sculptures along the way. The event is sponsored by SA White Oil and raises funds for the Marietta Art Council. More information is available at m2trailfest.com. Despite having five stitches removed from his shooting hand just two days before, Wheeler alum Jaylen Brown led the Boston Celtics to a 112-99 victory over the Atlanta Hawks in Game 1 of their Eastern Conference first-round playoff series. Brown recorded game highs of 29 points and 12 rebounds, while Jayson Tatum added 25 points and 11 rebounds. Atlanta's Trae Young, finished with 16 points, and Dejounte Murray led the Hawks with 24 points and eight rebounds. Game 2 will be played in Boston tonight at 7:00 PM on NBA TV, and then the series will shift to Atlanta Friday night. Each summer, outstanding young American instrumentalists from the National Youth Orchestra 2 come together for the free orchestra program with the National Youth Orchestra of the United States of America and NYO Jazz for intensive training and performance opportunities. Four members of the NYO2 for 2023 are student musicians in Cobb Schools. Harrison 10th grader Euginie Lim will join the group as a violinist. Ian Lilly, an 11th-grade band student at North Cobb High School, earned a spot as a trombone player. And Wheeler's Christian Phanhthourath and Angelina Lu round out the Cobb selections. Christian plays the cello, and Angelina is a violinist. Gary Varner, a former head coach at Allatoona High School, has taken a new role as an assistant coach for North Cobb Christian's football team. Varner had to step down from his previous position due to the rigors of teaching full-time and dealing with recovery from multiple cancer surgeries. He received many offers from other coaches, but chose North Cobb Christian because of his respect for head coach Matt Jones. Varner will bring his experience and knowledge to the team as they prepare for the upcoming season. Marietta City Schools has welcomed a new "crisis response canine" named Barney, a black Lab who will offer support to students in need. Barney will be assigned to Officer Paul Hill, who works as a school resource officer in the city's elementary schools. The specially trained dog will assist students and adults with emotional and mental health issues by providing comfort and de-escalation during crisis situations. Barney will be used in court, too, where he can sit under the witness stand if a child has to testify. Barney's cost will be covered by the Marietta City Schools Foundation, a nonprofit which supports the school system. Sprayberry High School held its third annual interfaith baccalaureate ceremony on Thursday night. The event included seniors and local faith leaders who delivered messages of wisdom for adulthood to an audience of about 60 people. The ceremony aimed to represent the diversity of the school's student population, which includes Christians, Hindus, Jews and Muslims. The messages from the faith leaders focused on adapting to change, seeking wisdom from parents and contributing to society. Each student was called up individually to receive a certificate from the school's principal. Students stayed after the ceremony to eat baked goods and hug family members. Editor Ron Cobb recently discussed a Civil War memoir by John C. Reed, a line officer in the 8th Georgia Infantry, at an event in Marietta. The manuscript, which chronicles Reed's firsthand experiences of General Robert E. Lee's Army of Northern Virginia, was published in full for the first time. Reed, who fought throughout the entire war, was educated in classics and was wounded at least twice in battles at Manassas and Gettysburg. The manuscript, which includes 226 footnotes, has been edited by Cobb, who described the challenges of deciphering the text and making minimal changes. The memoir also includes Reed's observations on baseball and his practice of taking a slave to war with him. #CobbCounty #Georgia #LocalNews      -            -            -            -            -            The Marietta Daily Journal Podcast is local news for Marietta, Kennesaw, Smyrna, and all of Cobb County.             Subscribe today, so you don't miss an episode! MDJOnline            Register Here for your essential digital news.            https://www.chattahoocheetech.edu/  https://cuofga.org/ https://www.esogrepair.com/ https://www.drakerealty.com/           Find additional episodes of the MDJ Podcast here.             This Podcast was produced and published for the Marietta Daily Journal and MDJ Online by BG Ad Group   For more information be sure to visit https://www.bgpodcastnetwork.com          See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Recollections and Letters of General Robert E. Lee

This week on Rick's Reading List, the featured book is James Swanson's"Manhunt: The 12 Day Chase for Abraham Lincoln's Killer." It takes youon an hour-by-hour account of what happened after famous actor JohnWilkes Booth assassinated President Abraham Lincoln in the FordTheater in Washington, D.C.. Swanson goes into vivid detail about howBooth and a group of co-conspirators planned to kidnap the President.Yet as the Civil War was ending with General Robert E. Lee'ssurrender, the plan evolved into an assassination plot for Lincoln,his Vice President, and at least one member of his Cabinet.

In This EpisodeIt's the mid-morning of May 5th, 1864 -- The Army of the Potomac has now discovered two massive rebel forces forming on both sides of Warren's 5th Corps still stung out over 5 miles within the tangles of The Wilderness. Now, as new intelligence arrives, they are becoming painfully aware that General Robert E. Lee's Army of Northern Virginia has launched a counter-crossing attack along the Orange Turnpike AND the Orange Plank Roads. As Meade falls back into his old Eastern Army habits by going on defense, will Grant be able to finally push the Army of the Potomac into an aggressive Federal position?Notable Quotes"What had begun as a hopeful morning's march was rapidly taking an ugly, familiar turn. Once again, the Union high command had underestimated Lee's audacity."-- Gordon Rhea, Battle of the Wilderness"If [this] is what Meade meant by attacking 'at once', as he said he would at 7:30 AM [it's now after 10:00 AM] no wonder Lee was running circles around him."-- Gordon Rhea, Battle of the Wilderness"Double-Quick!"-- Maj. Gen. George Getty, Running to Brock Road Intersection, May 5th, 1864"We must hold this point at any risk -- Our men will soon be up!"-- Maj. Gen. George Getty, Arriving at the Brock Road Intersection, May 5th, 1864

All terrestrial segments were recorded live on January 15th (Day 15 of 2023) and all podcast segments were recorded live on January 17th (Day 17 of 2023) Part 1 of 3 of the Podcast only content  Terrestrial: Hour 1 (begins around 0:23:00) Part 2 of 3 of the Podcast only content (begins around 1:21:00) Terrestrial: Hour 2 (begins around 1:46:00) Part 3 of 3 of the Podcast only content – Mollie's Weekly Reports... (begins around 2:44:00) Terrestrial: Hour 3 (begins around 3:34:00) Mollie's Weekly Reports, terrestrial edition! All this and so much more on this episode of the Defend Cleveland Podcast. Enjoy~   This show is and forever will be dedicated to Big Mamma   To contribute to this 100% listener supported show please go to our Patreon page by clicking here.   Thank yous to  91.1-FM WRUW Cleveland for being home to the show, and to the city that inspires us, Cleveland, Ohio.   Your recommended listening this week is the 2003 Gong/Acid Mothers Temple release "Acid Motherhood"

After a statue of General Robert E. Lee came down in his hometown of New Orleans, Dr. Clint Smith began visiting sites like Monticello Plantation and Angola Prison to learn more about the ramifications of slavery in the United States today. It became the basis for his best-selling book, How the Word Is Passed: A Reckoning with the History of Slavery Across America. On this week's Disrupted, he joins us to talk about what he learned while researching the book. Smith is the recipient of the 2022 Stowe Prize and will be speaking at the Harriett Beecher Stowe Center on September 22, 2022. GUEST: Dr. Clint Smith: Staff writer for The Atlantic. Author of How the Word Is Passed: A Reckoning with the History of Slavery Across America and the poetry collection Counting Descent. This episode originally aired on September 21, 2022, and was produced by J. Carlisle Larsen, Kevin Chang Barnum and Catie Talarski. Disrupted is produced by Kevin Chang Barnum, Emily Charash and Catie Talarski. Disrupted is available as a podcast on Apple Podcasts, Spotify, Google Podcasts, Stitcher, or wherever you get your podcasts. Subscribe and never miss an episode!See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

It's March 1864 — Newly promoted Lieutenant General Ulysses S. Grant, commander of the newly formed United States Army, has decided to place his command in the field with the largest arm of the Union War Machine -- The Army of the Potomac. Still encamped outside Culpeper, Virginia, this 120,000-man force has been staring across the Rapidan River at their Confederate adversaries to the South all Winter. Within the next 8 weeks, Grant will launch this army South, directly into the teeth of General Robert E. Lee and the Army of Northern Virginia, and begin the bloodiest military campaign of the Civil War: The Overland Campaign.

Boyd shares a story about General Robert E. Lee and how he handled disagreements and talks about learning to build bridges and how the way we disagree says something about who we are. See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

In the summer of 1863, General Robert E. Lee made a daring bid for victory. He marched his army north to invade Pennsylvania. For three sweltering days, two massive armies locked in combat in the Battle of Gettysburg, the defining clash of the Civil War—and the conflict's bloodiest. In the West, General Ulysses S. Grant emerges as the North's most capable military leader as he drives his forces in the Siege of Vicksburg to turn the tide of the war.Listen ad free with Wondery+. Join Wondery+ for exclusives, binges, early access, and ad free listening. Available in the Wondery App. https://wondery.app.link/historytellersSupport us by supporting our sponsors!Zip Recruiter- For an easier way to find the right jobs and connect with great employers, go to ziprecruiter.com/aht to sign up for FREE!Sleep Number- Special offers for a Limited Time are available at sleepnumber.com/tellers!See Privacy Policy at https://art19.com/privacy and California Privacy Notice at https://art19.com/privacy#do-not-sell-my-info.

“Being thus threatened from two directions, I determined to attack…“ As July 1, 1863 gained in notoriety with each passing hour, one Confederate Division at the center of the action in the afternoon was that of Major General Robert Rodes. Join us as we examine the arrival and then deployment of this veteran Confederate Division as the fight General Robert E. Lee didn't want reached the point of no return.   Help keep these tours free and become a Patron! www.patreon.com/addressinggettysburg

JUNETEENTH - A Celebration of Freedom.Juneteenth (a portmanteau of June and nineteenth) is also known as Freedom Day, Jubilee Day, Liberation Day, and Emancipation Day.It is a holiday celebrating the emancipation of those who had been enslaved in the United States. It is now celebrated annually on the 19th of June throughout the United States.HISTORYDuring the American Civil War, President Abraham Lincoln issued the Emancipation Proclamation on September 22, 1862. It became effective on January 1, 1863.This Proclamation declared that all enslaved persons in the Confederate States of America in rebellion and not in Union hands were freed.More isolated geographically, planters and other slaveholders had migrated into Texas from eastern states to escape the fighting, and many brought enslaved people with them.Although most lived in rural areas, more than 1,000 resided in both Galveston and Houston by 1860. By 1865, there were an estimated 250,000 enslaved people in Texas.Despite the surrender of General Robert E. Lee at Appomattox Court House on April 9, 1865, the western Army of the Trans-Mississippi did not surrender until June 2.On Monday, June 19, 1865, Union Major General Gordon Granger arrived to Galveston, Texas, to enforce the emancipation of its slaves and oversee a peaceful transition of power.The Texas Historical Commission and Galveston Historical Foundation report that Granger's men marchedThroughout Galveston reading General Order No 3:              “The people of Texas are informed that, in accordance with a proclamation from the Executive of the United States, all slaves are free. This involves an absolute...               ...equality of personal rights and rights of property between former masters and slaves, and the connection heretofore existing between them becomes...              ...that between employer and hired labour. The freedmen are advised to remain quietly at their present homes and work for wages. They are informed that they will not...              ...be allowed to collect at military posts and that they will not be supported in idleness either there or elsewhere.”It was from that moment that Juneteenth would be born.EARLY CELEBRATIONSFormerly enslaved people in Galveston celebrated after the announcement. The following year, freedmen in Texas organized the first of what became the annual celebration of "Jubilee Day."On January 2, 1866, a Galveston newspaper, reported on an Emancipation Celebration:“The colored people of Galveston celebrated their emancipation from slavery yesterday by a procession.Notwithstanding the storm some eight hundred or a thousand men, women and children took part in the demonstration.”Flake's Bulletin, 2 January 1866.Early celebrations were used as political rallies to give voting instructions to newly freed slaves. Early independence celebrations often occurred on January 1 or 4.OFFICIAL RECOGNITIONIn the late 1970s the Texas Legislature declared Juneteenth a “holiday of significance, particularly to the blacks of Texas", becoming the first state to establish Juneteenth as a state holiday.The bill passed through the Texas Legislature in 1979 and was officially made a state holiday on January 1, 1980.Recognition of Juneteenth varies across the United States. It is not officially recognized by the federal government, although the Senate unanimously passed......a simple resolution in 2018 in honour of the day, and legislation has been introduced in Congress to make it either a "national day of observance" or a full-scale federal holiday.The only three states yet to legally recognize Juneteenth as either a state or ceremonial holiday are Hawaii, North Dakota, and South Dakota.In 2020, Juneteenth was formally recognized by New York City (as an annual official city holiday and public school holiday, starting in 2021)CELEBRATIONSThe holiday is considered the "longest-running African-American holiday" and has been called "America's second Independence Day".Juneteenth is usually celebrated on the third Saturday in June. It was common for former slaves and their descendants to make a pilgrimage to Galveston.Observance today is primarily in local celebrations. In many places Juneteenth has become a multicultural holiday, Including lectures and exhibitions on African-American culture.Traditions include public readings of the Emancipation Proclamation, singing traditional songs and reading of works by noted African-American writers.Celebrations include picnics, rodeos, street fairs, cookouts, family reunions, park parties, historical reenactments, blues festivals and Miss Juneteenth contests.Historian Mitch Kachun considers that celebrations of the end of slavery have three goals: "to Celebrate, to Educate, and to Agitate."To learn more about black history visit www.blackfacts.com.

(This conversation was originally broadcast on June 18, 2021) Tom's guest on this archived edition of Midday is the author and historian Annette Gordon Reed. She is best-known for her study of Sally Hemings and Thomas Jefferson. Her book, The Hemingses of Monticello: An American Family, won sixteen book prizes, including the Pulitzer Prize and the National Book Award. Her latest book is a beautiful peroration on the meaning of the holiday known as Juneteenth, which marks the anniversary of a significant historical event: on June 19th, 1865, Major General Gordon Granger issued General Order No. 3 in Galveston, Texas, declaring that all slaves were free, two months after General Robert E Lee had surrendered to Gen. Ulysses S Grant in Appomattox, Virginia. Juneteenth celebrations of this belated emancipation originated among African American communities in Texas, and now take place around the country. Gordon-Reed's book is at once an homage to her home state of Texas, and a wholly original and fascinating exploration of how history and legend and myth all shape what we learn when we're young, how our understanding evolves as we grow older, and how social dynamics inform the evolution of societal understanding. Professor Reed writes with erudition and grace, authority and humility, weaving a touching personal memoir into the stark reality of a harsh historical record. Her book is called On Juneteenth.  Annette Gordon Reed joined Tom on Zoom from her home in New York. They spoke just a few days before President Biden signed a congressional bill making Juneteenth a federal holiday. Because this conversation was recorded earlier, we can't take any calls or comments. ____________________________________ Here's a list of some local public events happening this weekend in observance of Juneteenth: The historic Hosanna School Museum hosts the Annual Upper Bay Juneteenth Festival in Darlington on Saturday from 12-6pm. Hosanna School Museum was the first of three Freedmen's Bureau schoolhouses erected in Harford County.   The building was used as a school, community meeting place and church. In 1879, Harford County School Commissioners assumed operation of the school and Hosanna remained an active schoolhouse for African American children until 1946. Juneteenth Community Walk on Saturday, starting at 10:30am at the Pennsylvania Avenue AME Zion Church. On Sunday:  Freedom Day Festival from11am-6pm at German Park and a Juneteenth Festival at the Dovecote Café in Reservoir Hill. Juneteenth Festival Sunday from 3-7pm at the Eubie Blake National Jazz and Cultural Center. The annual AFRAM Festival in Druid Hill Park on Saturday and Sunday. See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Join us at The Commonwealth Club for a conversation with CNN's John Avlon about Abraham Lincoln's plan to secure a just and lasting peace after the Civil War. The implementation of Lincoln's vision was cut short by his assassin, but Lincoln's hopes still inspired future American presidents—and Nelson Mandela, Mahatma Gandhi, and Martin Luther King, Jr. General Lucius Clay, the architect of the post-WWII German occupation, explained that his decisions were guided by thinking what “kind of occupation would the South have had if Abraham Lincoln had lived.” As the tide of the Civil War finally turned in the spring of 1865, Abraham Lincoln visited the troops on the front lines, seeing combat up close, meeting liberated slaves, and comforting wounded soldiers, both Union and Confederate. The power of Lincoln's personal example was enhanced by his use of humor, logic and scripture to depolarize bitter debates. Balancing moral courage with moderation, Lincoln believed that decency could be the most practical form of politics, but he also understood that people are more inclined to listen to reason when it is presented from a position of strength. Ulysses S. Grant's famously generous terms of surrender to General Robert E. Lee at Appomattox that April were a direct expression of Lincoln's belief that a soft peace should follow a hard war. Avlon shows how Lincoln's character informed his commitment to unconditional surrender followed by a magnanimous peace. Even during the Civil War, when he was surrounded by reactionaries and radicals, Lincoln refused to back down from his belief that there is more that unites us than divides us. But he also understood that peace needs to be waged with as much intensity as war—an understanding that Avlon says remains relevant today, for both our domestic and our foreign policies. MLF ORGANIZER George Hammond SPEAKERS John Avlon Senior Political Analyst and Anchor, CNN; Author, Lincoln and the Fight for Peace In Conversation with John Boland President Emeritus, KQED; Vice Chair, Commonwealth Club Board of Governors In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, we are currently hosting all of our live programming via YouTube live stream. This program was recorded via video conference on May 5th, 2022 by the Commonwealth Club of California. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

The Chris Voss Show Podcast - Lincoln and the Fight for Peace by John Avlon A groundbreaking, revelatory history of Abraham Lincoln's plan to secure a just and lasting peace after the Civil War—a vision that inspired future presidents as well as the world's most famous peacemakers, including Nelson Mandela, Mahatma Gandhi, and Martin Luther King, Jr. It is a story of war and peace, race and reconciliation. As the tide of the Civil War turned in the spring of 1865, Abraham Lincoln took a dangerous two-week trip to visit the troops on the front lines accompanied by his young son, seeing combat up close, meeting liberated slaves in the ruins of Richmond, and comforting wounded Union and Confederate soldiers. The power of Lincoln's personal example in the closing days of the war offers a portrait of a peacemaker. He did not demonize people he disagreed with. He used humor, logic, and scripture to depolarize bitter debates. Balancing moral courage with moderation, Lincoln believed that decency could be the most practical form of politics, but he understood that people were more inclined to listen to reason when greeted from a position of strength. Ulysses S. Grant's famously generous terms of surrender to General Robert E. Lee at Appomattox that April were a direct expression of the president's belief that a soft peace should follow a hard war. While his assassination sent the country careening off course, Lincoln's vision would be vindicated long after his death, inspiring future generations in their own quests to secure a just and lasting peace. As US General Lucius Clay, architect of the post-WWII German occupation, said when asked what guided his decisions: “I tried to think of the kind of occupation the South would have had if Abraham Lincoln had lived.” Lincoln and the Fight for Peace reveals how Lincoln's character informed his commitment to unconditional surrender followed by a magnanimous peace. Even during the Civil War, surrounded by reactionaries and radicals, he refused to back down from his belief that there is more that unites us than divides us. But he also understood that peace needs to be waged with as much intensity as war. Lincoln's plan to win the peace is his unfinished symphony, but in its existing notes, we can find an anthem that can begin to bridge our divisions today.

Here's your short Monday Extra Credit Myth for the week! It's a great “Gone with the Wind” romantic-type story. The defeated, but honorable, General Robert E. Lee offered his sword to the victor, U.S. Grant, during the Confederacy's surrender at Appomattox Court House. Grant, just as honorably, refused to take it. But did it happen? Find out! Episode 448.

Here's your short Monday Extra Credit Myth for the week! It's a great “Gone with the Wind” romantic-type story. The defeated, but honorable, General Robert E. Lee offered his sword to the victor, U.S. Grant, during the Confederacy's surrender at Appomattox Court House. Grant, just as honorably, refused to take it. But did it happen? Find out! Episode 448.

The story of Joshua Lawrence Chamberlain not being told enough in the modern age. Also, thoughts on the decorum shown at the end of the Civil War between General Ulysses S. Grant and General Robert E. Lee.

On this day in 1865 General Robert E. Lee surrendered his 28,000 Confederate troops to Union General Ulysses S. Grant, effectively ending the American Civil War.

Lee's surrender to Grant encouraged other Confederate forces across the south to do the same and marked the beginning of the end of the American Civil ...

In this edition of Channeling History, Barry and Connie Strohm channel the spirit of General Robert E. Lee, commander of Confederate forces in the Civil War.  The General tell of his life, the Civil War and his ownership of slaves.  If you like Civil War history, you will love this edition.

On today's episode, we revisit our interview with author Allen C. Guelzo on his biography, 'Robert E. Lee: A Life'

Today, The Two Mikes had the pleasure of speaking with Scott Mingus, Sr., a former senior business executive in the private sector, now retired and producing fine historical books on the Civil War Era. He also is a licensed guide at Civil War battlefields. Mr. Mingus today provided a discussion of his book Flames Beyond Gettysburg. The Confederates Expedition to the Susquehanna River, June 1863. We hope Mr. Mingus will return and discuss another of his books. All of his books can be found in one place at :https://www.amazon.com/Scott-Mingus/e/B0028ONIJQ%3Fref=dbs_a_mng_rwt_scns_share.http://www.scottmingus.com"Listening to Two Mikes will make you smarter!”- Gov Robert L. Ehrlich, Jr.Sponsors:- Our Gold Guy - Talk to IRA about whether investing in gold is right for you. Let them know Two Mikes sent you at http://ourgoldguy.com - Freedom First Coffee - Drink the coffee of Patriots. Use code TWOMIKES for 10% off at http://freedomfirstcoffee.com

On January 21, 1863, Union General Ambrose Burnside's Army of the Potomac began an offensive against General Robert E. Lee's Army of Northern Virginia that quickly bogged down as several days of heavy rain turned the roads of Virginia into a muddy quagmire. The campaign was abandoned a few days later. The Union army was still reeling from the disastrous Battle of Fredericksburg, Virginia, on December 13, 1862. Burnside's force suffered more than 13,000 casualties as it assaulted Lee's troops along hills above Fredericksburg. Lee suffered around 5,000 casualties, making Fredericksburg one of the most one-sided engagements in the Eastern theater of operations. Morale was low among the Yankees that winter. In mid-January, Burnside sought to raise morale and seize the initiative from Lee. His plan was to swing around Lee's left flank and draw the Confederates away from their defenses and into the open. Speed was essential to the operation. January had been a dry month to that point, but as soon as the Federals began to move, a drizzle turned into a downpour that lasted for four days. Logistical problems delayed the laying of a pontoon bridge across the Rappahannock River, and a huge traffic jam snarled the army's progress. In one day, the 5th New York moved only a mile and a half. The roads became unnavigable, and conflicting orders caused two corps to march across each other's paths. Horses, wagons, and cannons were stuck in mud, and the element of surprise was lost. Jeering Confederates taunted the Yankees with shouts and signs that read “Burnside's Army Stuck in the Mud.” Burnside turned his Army around and abandoned the fight due primarily because of the weather. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices

The Northern and Southern states alike have always revered General Robert E Lee and General Stonewall Jackson. Without a doubt, Lee is a father of this country, but is he also a father of our faith? Recently, certain people in our media have vilified Lee as a white supremacist whom we should forget. But why should we suddenly condemn a man that we have long revered? What do we lose if we lose Robert E Lee? What do we gain if we retain his memory? General "Stonewall" Jackson is also deeply loved by the Southern United States and respected by the North. Jackson gained his nickname because of his bravery in battle, which sprung from his faith. Should Christians listen to the public pressure to condemn Jackson wholesale today?In Today's podcast, Don Hendrix joins me in the studio to talk about the importance of nuance in history and the importance of recognizing the greatness of these two men of faith and character.Telegram: The Faith of the Fatherswww.karlgessler.comSupport the show (https://www.patreon.com/karlgessler)

The white-haired man and the young boy sat side by side warming themselves in front of the fireplace. The man turned to the boy. “Robert, did I ever tell you about the time I rustled cattle?” The boy's eyes grew wide. “Grandpa, You were a rustler? I thought rustling cattle was a bad thing.” “Yep, usually is. But in this case it was a good thing and at the behest of General Robert E. Lee during the Civil War.” “Robert E. Lee, he's the general I was named for . . .” “Right and a fine man he was.” “What's behest?”

Mark Maloy talks with author and historian Mike Cecere about Light-Horse Harry Lee, who had an extensive career in the Continental Army and was the father of General Robert E. Lee.

After nearly a month of marching and skirmishing, the Battle of Gettysburg begins on July 1, 1863. This episode covers the first half of the first day's fight including General Henry Heth's attack of General John Buford's cavalry west of town, the arrival and tragic exit of General John Reynolds, General Robert E. Lee's frustration, and General George Meade's alternate Pipe Creek battleplan. Also, what's the deal with Gettysburg and shoes?

" A leader is best when people barely know he exists, when his work is done, his aim fulfilled, they will say: we did it ourselves." - Lao Tzu, ancient Chinese Philosopher In this episode, it's all about leaders - from humble to arrogant, from dictatorial to democratic and from the eccentric to home grown simple as FACT OF THE MATTER, lays out a feast of anecdotes about a few such incredible luminaries who stood above their fellow brethren and stood well!!. In Main Course, listen to Joy draw out a fine link between a Indian god and a US Confederate general and then swiftly changes gears to talk about iconic cricket captains like Tiger Pataudi !! Rathin talks of the legendary Carthaginian general Hannibal and how Englishman and cricket captain Douglas Jardine almost created a diplomatic rift in Anglo-Australian relations between the two great wars in the 20th century !! In Believe It or Not, the cat is out of the bag as Joy and Rathin reveal some bizarre and eccentric traits of a few political giants!! Plus all the regular sections like Cute Words and Phrases, Bare Naked Lies and audience questions!! It may be difficult to convince everyone about your own leadership ability - but it is far easier to catch a few juicy anecdotes instead!! So fasten your seat belts and get on this crazy ride!! We love to hear from you!! So write to us at factofthematterindia@gmail.com. Rate us and berate us!! Follow us on Twitter - @joybhattacharj and @rathindrabasu. Find us on all leading podcast platforms like Spotify, Apple Podcasts and Amazon Music. Visit our website - https://anchor.fm/factofthematter --- Send in a voice message: https://anchor.fm/factofthematter/message

Learn the FULL story of The Battle of Gettysburg, the deadliest and most famous  battle of the American Civil War, and what it's like to visit the battlefield today. Hear why Robert E. Lee  invaded the North, the course of events over the brutal, three-day battle, how the Union won (well, mostly won) and what it's like to visit this incredibly well-preserved battlefield, including sites Little Round Top, Devil's Den, the route of Pickett's Charge, and the location of Lincoln's famous Gettysburg Address.  Want to jump ahead in the episode?Summary: 6:00Interesting Facts: 11:30Background of the Battle: 13:45Battle Stats: 30:50The Battle of Gettysburg – Day 1: 32:40The Battle of Gettysburg – Day 2: 56:45The Battle of Gettysburg – Day 3: 1:29:30Aftermath of the Battle: 1:55:30Visiting Today: 2:19:00 Visit TheEducatorPodcast.com for links to battle maps, information about visiting the battlefield today, and comprehensive notes for this episode. The Battle of Gettysburg, the bloodiest battle of the American Civil War, took place from July 1-3rd, 1863, in and around Gettysburg, Pennsylvania. It pitted over 70,000 Confederate troops under the command of General Robert E. Lee, invading the north for the second time in hopes of forcing a Union peace offering, against almost 100,000 Union troops lead by General George Meade. The three-day battle saw fighting in the streets of Gettysburg, at now-famous sites like Little Round Top and Devil's Den, and ended with the disastrous Confederate frontal assault known as Pickett's Charge. The Union had won the battle, and handed Lee his worst ever defeat. On July 4th, Lee began his retreat back to Virginia. Over 50,000 men were casualties of the battle, an estimated had 7,000 had been killed, 33,000 wounded, and 11,000 missing or captured. A few months later, on November 19, 1863 a dedication ceremony was held for the cemetery honoring Union troops who had been killed in the battle. There, Abraham Lincoln gave his most famous speech, the Gettysburg Address, his immortal words honoring the dead and reaffirming the need to fight. The Educator Podcast is hosted by Matt Douglas, former history teacher, longtime educator and life coach for teens and young adults. To see more of The Educator Podcast, including the Perspectives and How To series, visit TheEducatorPodcast.com. Please rate, review, subscribe and share to help support the show and to get updates on each new episode as it comes out. For more information on Matt Douglas and his work, please visit www.lifecoachingsd.com or follow him on Instagram at lifecoachingsd. This episode was recorded in September, 2021.  

These guys were unbelievable. Left Texas and fought under General Robert E Lee and the Army of Northern Virginia. They participated in an unbelievable amount of the battles that decided the fate of America.  They found themselves at the center of the successes the Confederate States of America had early and were present at their ultimate defeat. No matter how we judge their cause today, they truly are legendary. 

Hometown Radio 09/15/21 5p: Military historian Jack Greene reacts to shifting attitudes towards General Robert E. Lee

En EEUU con el lema de no vamos a defender estos símbolos de odio, las autoridades y cientos de activistas se reunieron en el centro de Richmond, capital del estado de Virginia, para presenciar la remoción, la caída, de una estatua del general Robert E. Lee, antiguo general de la Guerra Civil. Para muchos la estructura era un símbolo de injusticia racial, por lo que fue blanco de críticas y rechazo durante las multitudinarias marchas tras la muerte del George Floyd literalmente a rodillas y manos de la policía.

Learn about The Battle of Gettysburg, the deadliest and most famous  battle of the American Civil War, and what it's like to visit the battlefield today. Hear why Robert E. Lee  invaded the North, the course of events over the brutal, three-day battle, and what it's like to visit this incredibly well-preserved battlefield, including sites Little Round Top, Devil's Den, the route of Pickett's Charge, and the location of Lincoln's famous Gettysburg Address. Then stay tuned for the next episode - The Battle of Gettysburg (The FULL Version).Want to jump ahead in the episode?Summary: 1:50Background of the Battle: 3:15The Battle of Gettysburg: 6:20Pickett's Charge: 23:00Aftermath of the Battle: 30:30Visiting the Battlefield Today: 34:20The Battle of Gettysburg, the bloodiest battle of the American Civil War, took place from July 1-3rd, 1863, in and around Gettysburg, Pennsylvania. It pitted over 70,000 Confederate troops under the command of General Robert E. Lee, invading the north for the second time in hopes of forcing a Union peace offering, against almost 100,000 Union troops lead by General George Meade. The three-day battle saw fighting in the streets of Gettysburg, at now-famous sites like Little Round Top and Devil's Den, and ended with the disastrous Confederate frontal assault known as Pickett's Charge. The Union had won the battle, and handed Lee his worst ever defeat. On July 4th, Lee began his retreat back to Virginia. Over 50,000 men were casualties of the battle, an estimated had 7,000 had been killed, 33,000 wounded, and 11,000 missing or captured. A few months later, on November 19, 1863 a dedication ceremony was held for the cemetery honoring Union troops who had been killed in the battle. There, Abraham Lincoln gave his most famous speech, the Gettysburg Address, his immortal words honoring the dead and reaffirming the need to fight. The Educator Podcast is hosted by Matt Douglas, former history teacher, longtime educator and life coach for teens and young adults. To see more of The Educator Podcast, including the Perspectives and How To series, visit TheEducatorPodcast.com. Please rate, review, subscribe and share to help support the show and to get updates on each new episode as it comes out. For more information on Matt Douglas and his work, please visit www.lifecoachingsd.com or follow him on Instagram at lifecoachingsd. This episode was recorded on September 3rd, 2021.  

Explore the pivotal moments on April 9, 1865, when General Robert E. Lee surrendered to Ulysses S. Grant at Appomattox Court House, effectively ending the Civil War. Uncover the decisive battles, the lives lost, and the significant impact of Lee's surrender that paved the way for the war's conclusion. #CivilWar #RobertE.Lee #UlyssesS.Grant #AppomattoxCourtHouse #USHistory #Confederacy #Uniontroops #USCivilWar Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices

(This conversation was originally broadcast on June 18, 2021) Tom's guest on this archived edition of Midday is the author and historian Annette Gordon Reed. She is best-known for her study of Sally Hemings and Thomas Jefferson. Her book, The Hemingses of Monticello: An American Family,won sixteen book prizes, including the Pulitzer Prize and the National Book Award. Her latest book is a beautiful peroration on the meaning of the holiday known as Juneteenth, which marks the anniversary of a significant historical event: on June 19th, 1865, Major General Gordon Granger issued General Order No. 3 in Galveston, Texas, declaring that all slaves were free, two months after General Robert E Lee had surrendered to Gen. Ulysses S Grant in Appomattox, Virginia. Juneteenth celebrations of this belated emancipation originated among African American communities in Texas, and now take place around the country. Gordon-Reed's book is at once an homage to her home state of Texas, and a wholly original and fascinating exploration of how history and legend and myth all shape what we learn when we're young, how our understanding evolves as we grow older, and how social dynamics inform the evolution of societal understanding. Professor Reed writes with erudition and grace, authority and humility, weaving a touching personal memoir into the stark reality of a harsh historical record. Her book is called On Juneteenth.  Annette Gordon Reed joined Tom on Zoom from her home in New York. They spoke just a few days before President Biden signed a congressional act making Juneteenth a federal holiday. Because the conversation was recorded earlier, we can't take any calls or comments. See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

The Union army is still reeling from the licken it took at Chancellorsville and the Confederacy is riding high. General Robert E. Lee and his army of northern Virginia invade the north and the two armies meet again at the quiet town of Gettysburg.Let's see what happens!Support the show (https://www.buymeacoffee.com/factofthematter)

On June 19th, 1865, Major General Gordon Granger issued General Order No. 3 in Galveston, TX, declaring that all slaves were free, two months after General Robert E Lee had surrendered to Gen. Ulysses S Grant in Appomattox, VA. Tom's guest on this archive edition of Midday is the author and historian Annette Gordon Reed. She has written a beautiful peroration about the meaning of the holiday that marks the anniversary of that event. It is at once an homage to her home state of Texas, and a wholly original and fascinating exploration of how history and legend and myth all shape what we learn when we're young, how our understanding evolves as we grow older, and how social dynamics inform the evolution of societal understanding as well. Professor Reed writes with erudition and grace, authority and humility, weaving a touching personal memoir into the stark reality of a harsh historical record. The book is called On Juneteenth. Annette Gordon Reed and Tom spoke about it on June 11th. Because the interview was pre-recorded, we couldn't take any calls or comments. Annette Gordon Reed joined Tom from her home in New York… See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

In this episode of Walking History we discuss The Battle of Antietam, also known as The Battle of Sharpsburg, one of the most consequential battles of the American Civil War and the single bloodiest day in American history. We also take a look at what it's like to visit this extremely well-preserved battlefield today.  The Battle of Antietam took place on September 17th, 1862 in the Appalachian foothills of western Maryland, just across the border from Virginia. It resulted in almost 23,000 casualties and over 3,500 deaths, although the actual numbers are likely far higher, and lead President Lincoln to issue the Emancipation Proclamation. Want to jump ahead in this episode?Summary: 2:08Interesting Facts: 6:40Context of the Battle: 8:16The Battle: 31:26Aftermath of the Battle: 50:38Visiting the Battlefield Today: 59:58 In the weeks before the battle, more than 40,000 Confederate troops lead by General Robert E. Lee had made their way north into Union held Maryland and were pursued by almost 90,000 Union troops under the command of General George B. McClellan. Lee eventually positioned his forces in a somewhat precarious position near the town of Sharpsburg, Maryland, with his back to Potomac River. A master tactician, he knew the many faults of his opponent, and was willing to bet his smaller force could still win the day. McClellan positioned his forces north to south, opposite Lee's, across a small river called Antietam Creek, and set up to attack. Small-scale skirmishing occurred on the evening of September 16th, and early on September 17th the Union attack began in earnest. McClellan attacked first at the northern end of the line, and for hours Union forces bombarded Confederate troops in a bloodbath that left thousands dead and wounded. Unable to dislodge the Confederates, McClellan then sent his forces towards the center at what would become one of the most hallowed grounds on a Civil War battlefield, the Sunken Road, also known as the Bloody Lane. Finally, McClellan ordered attacks towards the south of the line where a small bridge crossed Antietam Creek. For hours thousands of Union troops were held back by only 500 Confederates who held the high ground across the river until Union troops finally broke through at 1pm. Almost in a position to outflank Lee's army and potentially cut them off from retreat, a Confederate force arrived at the last possible moment, stalling the Union advance and effectively ending the battle. Lee, outnumbered and battered, remained in his position the next day and then retreated back to Confederate held Virginia. McClellan, despite repeated pleas by Lincoln and the War Department, refused to pursue.The battle was a strategic victory for the North in that it stopped a Confederate invasion, but could have resulted with the complete defeat or capture of Lee's forces had McClellan acted more decisively or had a more competent commander been in charge. Seeing the battle as an important morale boost for the country, however, President Lincoln used the opportunity to issue one of the most famous and consequential statements in American history, the Emancipation Proclamation, changing the nature of the war and forever altering the course of US history. The Educator Podcast is hosted by Matt Douglas, former history teacher, longtime educator and life coach for teens and young adults. To see more of The Educator Podcast, including the Perspectives and How To series, visit TheEducatorPodcast.com. Please like, review, subscribe and share to help support the show and to get updates on each new episode as it comes out. For more information on Matt Douglas and his work, please visit www.lifecoachingsd.com or follow him on Instagram at lifecoachingsd. This episode was recorded on March 28, 2021. 

The US Civil War of 1861-65 left 700,000 troops dead. The Southern Confederate states rebelled against the Union of the North because the Confederates wanted to protect the right to own slaves. The hero of the rebel cause, General Robert E Lee, was charged with treason and had his citizenship revoked. So why did Congress reinstate his citizenship in 1975 more than one hundred years after his death? Claire Bowes has been speaking to former Democrat Congresswoman Elizabeth Holtzman who was one of just ten members of Congress to vote against the rehabilitation of General Lee and to John Reeves author of the book, The Lost Indictment of Robert E Lee. They describe how the proposal, put forward by a pro-segregationist Senator from Virginia, passed without even the mention of slavery. Photo: General Robert E Lee courtesy of the Library of Congress

State Houses across the country are filled with monuments to losers, traitors, and terrorists. General Robert E Lee and Benjamin Tillman are lauded alongside figures like George Washington. The reasons why are complicated, but they’re bound up in something called The Myth of the Lost Cause. If you’ve never heard of this or don’t understand why it’s so critical to understanding American history well, honey, you probably ain’t from the South.Here to help us understand what’s going on is Dr. Robert Thompson. Thompson is a historian working for Army University Press and the author of the forthcoming book Clear, Hold, and Destroy which is about the American war in Vietnam. See acast.com/privacy for privacy and opt-out information.

Today's episode explores the life of General Robert E. Lee after his surrender as well as his legacy and the memorializing of the Confederate Cause! --- This episode is sponsored by · Anchor: The easiest way to make a podcast. https://anchor.fm/app

Today's episode explores the life of General Robert E. Lee after his surrender as well as his legacy and the memorializing of the Confederate Cause! --- This episode is sponsored by · Anchor: The easiest way to make a podcast. https://anchor.fm/app

There’s a certain mythos around the founders of the United States. George Washington gets this treatment to the extreme. He’s painted riding brilliant white horses, standing up in boats, and puffing out his chest as he presides over the signing of the Constitution. He’s essentially an American folk hero.What’s odd is that this mythical understanding of a real person conceals the truth of what real leadership looks like. At least, that’s the perspective of General Stanley McChrystal, who rose through the ranks of the military and had to learn a lot about leadership along the way.General McChrystal thinks that too many people view our leaders as if they’re cut from a different cloth, when in fact, leaders are fallible, and reliant on the people around them to succeed.He co-wrote the book Leaders: Myth and Reality, wherein he profiles many influential leaders, both moral and corrupt. The book is loosely structured on Plutarch’s Parallel Lives biographies. In the book, he profiles the leadership strategies of Martin Luther, Coco Chanel, Walt Disney, William “Boss” Tweed and others. He also gives one chapter to Abu Musab al-Zarqawi, an Al Qaeda leader that he fought for years.General McChrystal is quick to separate his respect for a leader’s style from that leader’s actions. While that’s certainly true of Abu Musab al-Zarqawi, McChrystal also attempts to clarify his complicated relationship with General Robert E Lee, a man who he grew up nearly worshipping as a leader. In his years since childhood, McChrystal’s tried to balance his respect for Lee’s leadership with a moral obligation to fight bigotry and symbols of hate.After his military career ended, General McChrystal became the Board Chair of the Service Year Alliance, which helps youth to do a paid year of civil service.Guest: General Stanley McChrystalBook: Leaders: Myth and RealityProducer: Victor YeMusic: Silas Bohen and Coleman HamiltonEditors: Bethany Denton and Jeff Emtman

State of poker, online poker tournament structures and guarantees, private games, regulations, ethics, and Mason's new book "The History of the World from a Gambler's Perspective" are some of the many topics we discuss in this conversation. Mason is the founder of TwoPlusTwo publishing company and an author of several books. His latest book looks at the history of the world from a gambler's perspective. It's a great read, a novel take on some of the events that defined the course of history.  Get the book here: https://amzn.to/2DLS1nC   Subscribe to my newsletter for exclusive content https://www.runchukspodcast.com Subscribe to my YouTube channel: https://bit.ly/runchuks-yt Twitter: https://twitter.com/RunchuksP iTunes: https://bit.ly/runchuks Spotify: https://spoti.fi/2ECWIAF Google Podcast: https://bit.ly/runchuksgoogle   Follow Mason on Twitter: https://twitter.com/MasonMalmuth   Timestamps:  00:00:00 Intro 00:01:40 The History of The World From a Gambler's Perspective 00:04:34 Defining gambling 00:07:16 Self-weighting and non-self-weighting strategies 00:10:17 Expert gambles 00:11:44 The battle is lost, if you pursue the normal strategy 00:15:54 Francisco Pizarro story 00:18:34 General Robert E. Lee semi-bluff 00:23:44 Gambling in the real world 00:29:33 Probability of getting aces twice in a row 00:32:41 Cat joins the podcast 00:33:28 Selection bias 00:35:31 He is a great craps player 00:36:34 How do we define who are the best poker players 00:42:06 GTO player vs Exploitative player 00:46:05 Multi-tabling 00:53:13 A good poker game 00:58:38 Rake and bonuses 00:59:52 Antes to balance out luck and skill 01:03:35 Online poker room regulations 01:04:41 Competition in the online poker market 01:06:29 Rake is a big threat to poker 01:08:48 Problem with rebuy tournaments 01:12:28 Tournament prize guarantees 01:14:42 Big private games and selling action 01:17:09 How is selling action and rebuys perceived by a new player? 01:20:48 More problems with rebuys and guarantees 01:24:25 What's best for poker in the long run… Or for me 01:26:39 Must move game 01:39:00 Private games held in casinos 01:42:00 TwoPlusTwo - the beginnings 01:53:32 TwoPlusTwo contributing to the poker boom 01:55:15 TwoPlusTwo podcast 01:56:18 TwoPlusTwo competition 02:00:14 Creating a better environment 02:08:06 Communication between management and players 02:10:03 Competition is good 02:13:07 Poker police and cheating scandals 02:15:32 Richard Turner 02:16:30 The new book will bring new people into poker 02:18:22 Leon Trotsky 02:21:51 History from all over the world from many periods 02:23:16 The role of Luck 02:29:07 Jack Johnson World Heavyweight Boxing Champion 02:32:58 Wyatt Earp gambling story  

A genuine mystical experience as Frank Buhmre interviews A woman named Melanie, who is channeling ROBERT E LEE --- This episode is sponsored by · Anchor: The easiest way to make a podcast. https://anchor.fm/app Support this podcast: https://anchor.fm/mitchell-merck/support

A psychic channeling Robert E Lee agree to talk with Frank Buhmre --- This episode is sponsored by · Anchor: The easiest way to make a podcast. https://anchor.fm/app Support this podcast: https://anchor.fm/mitchell-merck/support

Episode 7 features Jon Harris, the host of the indispensable Conversations That Matter podcast. In it, this bold Christian truth-teller and I discuss the riots, anti-whiteness, the "new religion" of social justice, the importance of Southern history, and much more. It's a dose of realism and hope all rolled into one informative package. Unfortunately, we did not get to talk about Harris' book "Sacred Conviction: The South's Stand for Biblical Authority," which was written under a pen name, but he's proud to call his own. Maybe we'll get Harris on again some time to discuss this work; my guess is that with the way Woke-Murica's barreling toward the cliff of nihilism, we won't be wanting for new topics of discussion.   In the meantime, let's pray for the repentance and salvation of our enemies, pray for the clarity and courage of our fellow Christians, pray for the destruction of evil and its false prophets, and trust in the Lord and keep trying to do as best as possible what He has commanded us to do. Like the godly General Robert E. Lee once wrote, "Do your duty in all things. You cannot do more; you should never wish to do less." Amen to that.   And here's a link to the Harvard "whiteness" debate I referenced during our interview.

Host Russell Hillier reimagines the epic battle of Queenston Heights in 1812, with Confederate General Robert E. Lee taking the field against Sir Isaac Brock. Who would win in this clash of military giants?

On October 18th, 1859, John Brown and his fellow armed abolitionists surrendered to General Robert E Lee in Harper's Ferry, Virginia.

在一张莱德维尔（Leadville）泛黄的老照片里，看到了一个满脸胡须的中年男子站在路中央的迎宾门下向远处遥望，四年前莱德维尔发现了丰富的银矿而身价百倍，从一个聊无人烟的山区小镇，变成了一个人口过万的矿业重镇，也是在那一年的科罗拉多加入了联邦，成为了美国的一州。老照片里的莱德维尔已经看得到繁荣的景象，商铺旅社林立，泥泞的路上还看得到马车交纵的痕迹。这个城市在短短的二十年里，因为银矿而发迹，也因为银矿而没落，1878年的金银双本位政策让白银水涨船高，洛阳纸贵，也让莱德维尔的银矿大王泰伯先生（Horace Tabor）成为了巨富，但1893年美国回归金本位导致银价狂跌，科州陷入长达几年的经济低潮，泰伯先生黯淡收场。这是一张1880年的照片，那一年的美国并不平静，随着在美华工越来越多，许多地方都发生了大大小小的的反华浪潮，这一年也是个大选年，华工问题理所当然的也成为了选举里的焦点，间接导致了几个月后在丹佛发生的反华暴动（Denver Anti-Chinese Riot）。莱德维尔也不例外，随着矿工的涌入，种族纠纷也层出不穷，一年前就言明不欢迎华工进入。照片里的中年男子似乎略有所思，他似乎看到了繁荣背后的波涛汹涌，就和十几年前他参与的那场战役一样，有着暴风雨前的宁静。1861年对他来说是一个不平凡的一年，西点军校出身的他虽然已经官拜陆军上校，眼见已届退伍年龄，还是怀才不遇，一直没有碰上让他一展长才的机会。但一将功成万骨枯，在那场死伤超过百万的内战（American Civil War）里，他遇上了一生中的伯乐林肯总统，让他建功立业，千古留名，他的名字叫做尤利西斯格兰特（President Ulysses S. Grant），那一年他39岁。有许多人说林肯造就了格兰特，但也可以说格兰特成就了林肯的丰功伟绩，他带领了原本节节败退的北方军，斗智斗勇，打败了和他有瑜亮情结南方军队的李将军（General Robert E Lee），结束了这场历时4年的内战，但也是在这最光辉的一年，他失去了和他亦师亦友的林肯总统。也因为希望延续这位挚友的理想，而投身政坛，在1869年成为了美国第18任的总统。格兰特总统一生的毁誉参半，他的军旅生涯让他功成名就，他的政治生涯却让他险些身败名裂，总统任内弊案频传。但格兰特总统一直是在科州评价最高的总统之一，而他也和科州的命运巧妙的联在一起，在他任内，科罗拉多成为了美国的一州，也是在他任内制定了美国双本位政策，带动了科州银矿业的发展。在战场上体验过颠沛流离，骨肉分离的他，在任内致力推动融合，希望能够捻灭种族歧视的火苗。1880年是他最后一次造访科州，所到之处万人空巷，大家都想一睹这位传奇人物的庐山真面目，照片里的莱德维尔也不例外，但他敏锐的第六感似乎已经预见了这个城市因为矿业而起，也将会因矿业而没的未来，沉思着这个国家，这个州，还有这里的人们会对他有什么样的评价，如脚下的泥巴路一样，他能够在历史的巨轮下留下什么样的痕迹。1885年1月他丑闻缠身的的第一任副总统斯凯勒科尔法克斯（Schuyler Colfax）在明尼苏达小镇的火车站里逝世，同年7月格兰特总统在家中与世长辞，享年63岁，结束了他不平淡的一生。

January 19th marks the birthday of General Robert E. Lee. In this week's Monday Minute in the Archives, we take a look at commemorative General Lee and General Grant pistols.

Dr. Alex Gee has a powerful conversation with the great great nephew of General Robert E. Lee about how he has become a White Alley of the African American community. Reverend Rob Lee IV is a public theologian, lecturer, and author that has taken a public stand against systems of oppression and speaks honestly about his family heritage in American history. Find out more about Reverend Rob Lee: revroblee.com Twitter: @roblee4 Books: A Sin by Any Other Name: Reckoning with Racism and the Heritage of the South  Stained-Glass Millennials

Allan Stone appears as General Robert E. Lee.  Find him at www.generalrelee.com or www.leeslieutenants.com.  Contact Allan at astoneasrelee@frontier.com.    Photo credit to the Herald-Dispatch of Huntington, WV http://www.herald-dispatch.com/news/retiring-reenactor-gets-send-off-at-event/article_177e090c-cf6d-561f-84dd-585260802c98.html

For American history buffs, the Civil War can feel like covered ground. But if you put aside the big battles and turning points, there are still so many smaller, fascinating stories deserving to be told. And there truly is no one better to dig into those lesser-known stories than my guest, CEO of Atlas Obscura David Plotz, whom you may also know as the co-host of the Slate Political Gabfest. In this episode, we talk about how the city of Washington D.C. defended itself during the Civil War, why it built dozens of forts around its perimeter, and why those forts are now in ruins. It's a huge honor to have David on the show today, and I can't wait for you to hear it. The hidden history of Washington D.C.'s forts David told me he first got interested in the forts the capital when he went on a bike ride with his daughter down a path he'd never gone down before. And while pedaling around, he noticed that all of the areas they were biking through were named “Fort” something. And when he looked at a map, he realized that all of the areas arranged in a circle around the capital were named for Civil War defenses. And then later, on a hike with his family, he discovered the remains of Fort Derussy out in the middle of the woods. You can still see it today, the moat, the high earthen walls (David mentioned he and his family played capture the flag there for his wife's birthday). As David says it's a magical place now, but we dig into why Fort Derussy was built in the first place, and how it and the other forts came to be forgotten. Defending the capital The union built 68 forts in Washington, D.C., most of them between 1860 and 1863. As David points out, the capital of the union was actually in the heart of Confederate territory, so the fortification had to be extensive. And of course, while D.C. had to be defended, as David highlights, there is “strong evidence” that the building of so many forts was an attempt by the Army Corps of Engineers to show Congress how important it was and to boost its funding. It was a huge effort, considering that before the war, there was only one fort in D.C., Fort Washington, which stood fairly ineffectually in the War of 1812. As David says, D.C. was an important location not so much for military strategy, but for morale. The South didn't want to win the North, they just wanted to force a settlement. So the Union “defended the heck out of it,” to prevent its capital from falling, and allowing the South to claim that leverage point. The battle for Abraham Lincoln's seat Nothing much happened in Washington, D.C. for the first four years of the war. In fact, D.C. was set up largely as a hospital city to treat the Union's wounded (and it's where Clara Barton set up shop). In fact, David says, the forts of Washington had begun to atrophy by 1864, because there weren't any attacks. And the soldiers stationed there weren't the best because those were off fighting the major battles. But that year, General Robert E. Lee decides the Confederacy should take Washington, D.C., forcing out Lincoln and sweeping the presidential election to the Democrats. And so in July of that year, 15,000 cavalry came to D.C., but when confronted by the high walls of Fort Reno, decided to go a different way. Little did they know, Fort Reno was abandoned. That was just the first of a few tactical mistakes that made the next day's battle at Fort Stevens a historic victory for the Union, but that's not even the craziest part. You'll want to listen to find out who made a surprise cameo. The ruins of D.C.'s forts, and David's favorite spots Many of the Washington forts were on private land, so after the war was over, the owners of that land tore them down. Some ended up on public parkland, which is why David and his family could play Capture the Flag on the ruins of Fort Derussy. But as David says, though the defenses were important to protect the Union, they weren't consecrated ground. Not a lot of people died there, there wasn't a lot of revered battles. But these forts still clearly have a place in D.C.'s history, and along with the remaining sites, David provides a Washingtonian's guide to the unknown history of the city. You're not going to want to miss this. Outline of This Episode [2:24] How David got interested in D.C.'s Civil War defense [7:30] The building of the forts [11:27] Notable Civil War events at the forts [17:50] How the forts fell into ruins [21:29] David's D.C. must-sees [27:58] The mission of Atlas Obscura Resources & People Mentioned David Plotz Atlas Obscura David Plotz on Twitter Slate's Political Gabfest How to Tour the White House Visiting Hallowed Ground on Halloween: My Trip to Gettysburg Connect With Stephanie stephanie@historyfangirl.com https://historyfangirl.com Support Stephanie on Patreon Featuring the song “Places Unseen” by Lee Rosevere For more information and photos, check out my blog post.  

This week on Cultivating Place, we speak with Steve Van Hoven Chief Arborist and Horticulture Supervisor of Arlington National Cemetery, Memorial Gardens and Arboretum. This historic landscaped national military cemetery sits on the location of what was once the home estate and gardens of General Robert E Lee and his wife Mary Custis Lee in Arlington, Virginia. More than 400,000 veterans are laid to rest there, among many gardens and more than 8.600 trees. In 2015 Arlington was accredited with LEVEL II arboretum status.

A "Unite the Right" rally was planned for Friday, August 11 to protest against the removal of a statue of Confederate icon General Robert E Lee. Protestors came from all walks of life to protest this event. The peaceful protest then turned violent. A man drove his car into the crowd resulting in 1 death and many people suffered injuries. Join us as we discuss this along with the state of racism and racial tension in our nation. Also as we discuss President Trump response to this violence and blatant bigotry. Phone lines open up at 10:15pm (657) 383-1155. You can also live tweet us @gft_radio using the hashtag #GFTRadio

A "Unite the Right" rally was planned for Friday, August 11 to protest against the removal of a statue of Confederate icon General Robert E Lee. Protestors came from all walks of life to protest this event. The peaceful protest then turned violent. A man drove his car into the crowd resulting in 1 death and many people suffered injuries. Join us as we discuss this along with the state of racism and racial tension in our nation. Also as we discuss President Trump response to this violence and blatant bigotry. Phone lines open up at 10:15pm (657) 383-1155. You can also live tweet us @gft_radio using the hashtag #GFTRadio

Guest: ........Barry Jacobsen, military historian and blogger, will remember The Battle of Gettysburg 1863, one of the defining moments of the US Civil War...We will look at General Robert E Lee and some of the other military commanders......President Lincoln and the North...........Jefferson Davis and the South....he wrote a recent post about Civil War.......we will also look at the movement to delete Confederate symbols............ Click to support some of our friends.... THE MUSIC OF CARLOS GUEDES....... CHECK OUT MY BOOK:  CUBANOS IN WISCONSIN..... FOLLOW ME ON TWITTER...... GET MY POSTS BY E-MAIL HERE......

With the Shenandoah traversing the Atlantic, Rob and Mob fill in the previous biographies of the junior officers of the Shenandoah. These include Sydney Smith-Lee, nephew of the famous General Robert E Lee, and the splendidly named Debney Minor Scales. There is also Lieutenant Chew, who gave up drugs for the sea (he was a pharmacist, not a addict). On the action front, Executive Officer Whittle has a potentially fatal altercation with a.. Read More

On April 22, 2010, Lee Shepard delivered a Banner Lecture entitled "Hidden Treasures: A Short History of the Mary Custis Lee Trunks." In 2002, two wooden trunks were found at Burke & Herbert Bank & Trust Company in Alexandria, Va. The trunks contained letters, legal papers, journals, travel souvenirs, financial records, and smaller artifacts that were collected by Mary Custis Lee, the eldest daughter of General Robert E. Lee. The collection of manuscripts and artifacts, now at the Virginia Historical Society, have been added to what is currently the largest holding of Lee family papers in any single repository. Lee Shepard will discuss and show images of items found in the trunks—including an 1810 letter from George Washington Parke Custis, the builder of Arlington House; an 1863 order from Robert E. Lee, in his own hand, announcing the death of General Stonewall Jackson; and an 1872 letter from former Arlington House slave Selina Gray to Mary Randolph Custis Lee. He will also reveal new information that we have learned not only about Robert E. Lee but also about his very interesting daughter Mary. Lee Shepard is vice president for collections at the VHS. (Introduction by Paul A. Levengood) The content and opinions expressed in these presentations are solely those of the speaker and not necessarily of the Virginia Museum of History & Culture.

John W Michaels reads from John Eston cook's biography of Robert E Lee, ''A Life of General Robert E Lee'' part for chapters 10 to 15.

Audio books by Mike Vendetti brings you the Grant and Lee podcast where I read from two audio books written just after the Civil War. One the autobiography of Ulysses S grant, ''Personal Memoirs of US Grant'', the other ''A Life of General Robert E Lee'', by John Eston Cook. In today's podcast, I read first from Grants book, then John Eston Cook's book. They cover the same period of time, early May 1864.

This is the last chapter of part five in ''A Life of General Robert E Lee'' John Eston Cook gives us some insight into the personal life of general Robert E Lee.

Part five chapters 11 and 12 of A Life of General Robert E Lee. These chapters recap the battle of Fredericksburg, and bring us to the end of 1862.

A Life of General Robert E Lee, part five chapters 9 and 10 the battle of Fredericksburg.

Audio Books by Mike Vendetti brings you part five chapters 7 and eight of a life of General Robert E Lee

Welcome to the Grant and Lee podcast in commemoration of the sesquicentennial of the American Civil War. We resume reading from John Eston Cook's book ''A Life of General Robert E Lee originally published in 1871. This podcast is from part three chapter 3 of the aforementioned book. It is 26 27th June 1861. McClellan is threatening Richmond from the Chickahominy. Generally is about to engage as commander in his first battle of the Civil War.regard

From A Life of General Robert E. Lee. by John Esten Cooke, published as an audio book at http://www.audiobooksbymikevendetti.com