Podcasts about Croesus

In this episode of The Sound of Economics, host Rebecca Christie sits down with renowned economists Barry Eichengreen and Lucrezia Reichlin to discuss the past, present and future of money. Will the dollar remain the world's global currency? How should we think about the euro and the renminbi? What about stablecoins? Eichengreen discusses current risks in the context of his new book Money beyond borders : global currencies from Croesus to crypto. Reichlin discusses Bruegel's new paper, prepared for the 22-23 May 2026 informal meeting of European Union economic and finance ministers, which proposes allowing stablecoin issuers to pay interest and to have access to central bank reserves. As ministers gather in Cyprus, which currently holds the European Council presidency and was the birthplace of coined money in the 6th century BCE, we talk about how money came to be, where its risks lie and how to make the best use of it going forward.Related research: Reichlin, L., B. Sangers and J. Zettelmeyer (2025) ‘A new strategy to contain stablecoin risks in the European Union', Policy Brief 09/2026, Bruegel Reichlin, L. (2025) 'The European Union should embrace decentralised finance and make it safe', Analysis 40/2025, Bruegel Eichengreen, B. J. (2026) 'Money beyond borders : global currencies from Croesus to crypto.' Princeton, New Jersey : Princeton University Press

What should I wear today? Coffee or tea? Espresso or cappuccino? Work from home or go to the office?Our days are filled with questions."And one observation I made—with my clients, but also with myself—was that I increasingly use AI chatbots to get a decision. So I don't need to think."THE STORY OF CROESUS:Sixth century BC. The kingdom of Lydia. King Croesus, wealthy enough that 2,500 years later we still say "rich as Croesus."The Persian Empire is rising on his border. Should he attack first, or wait?Croesus tests every famous oracle. He gives every emissary the same instructions: on a specific day, ask what the king is doing. That day, Croesus does something deliberately bizarre—boils a tortoise and a lamb together in a bronze cauldron with a bronze lid.Only Delphi gets it right.He sends extraordinary gifts and asks his real question: should I attack the Persians?The Oracle answers: "If you cross the river Halys, a great empire will be destroyed."Croesus hears what he wants to hear. He marches. He is destroyed.The great empire that fell was his own."The Oracle was not wrong. The Oracle was useless. Because Croesus had not gone to Delphi to think. He had gone to Delphi for an answer. And once he had one, he stopped thinking."FRAME 1 — INTOLERANCE OF UNCERTAINTY (Carleton et al., 2007)Nick Carleton runs the anxiety lab at the University of Regina. He works with people who deal with uncertainty for a living—police, paramedics, firefighters.Intolerance of uncertainty is a deep, dispositional trait. Not pessimism. The inability to tolerate not knowing.One scale item captures it: "I'd rather know bad news than stay in a state of uncertainty."Carleton calls it transdiagnostic—it shows up across nearly every anxiety disorder. He has argued it may be the fundamental fear, evolutionarily ancient."It explains why we cannot leave the question alone. Why we will pay almost any price for an answer. Even the wrong one."FRAME 2 — COMPUTERS ARE SOCIAL ACTORS (Reeves & Nass, 1996)Two Stanford professors. The Media Equation. Clifford Nass died in 2013, age 55.Random flattery from a computer made participants rate the experience more positively—even when told the praise was random.Participants evaluated computers more favourably when they did the evaluation on the same computer. They were polite. To the computer's face.When asked afterwards if computers have feelings, every participant said no. But they had behaved as if the computers were people. Mindlessly."When ChatGPT says 'I think this might be a good approach,' it triggers social scripts millions of years older than computers. We are trusting it before we have decided to.""The Oracle at Delphi was a person speaking on behalf of a god. The Oracle on our laptop is a system speaking on behalf of nothing."FRAME 3 — ARTIFICIAL EPISTEMIC AUTHORITIES (Hauswald, 2025)Rico Hauswald, philosopher at TU Dresden. Social Epistemology, 2025.Human authorities—doctors, scientists, judges—are accountable. When they're wrong, the wrongness is visible.Benjamin Lange (Cambridge, 2025) names what's missing: AI lacks "epistemic failure markers.""When ChatGPT is wrong, it sounds exactly the same as when ChatGPT is right. The voice is the same. The confidence is the same. There is no signal."THE CLOSE:"Croesus knew his answer came from a source whose history could be tracked. We have a faster oracle, a more available oracle, a more confident-sounding oracle.""Whether we have a wiser one is a different question entirely."REFERENCES:Herodotus, Histories, Book 1.Carleton, R. N. et al. (2007). J. Anxiety Disorders, 21.Reeves, B. & Nass, C. (1996). The Media Equation.Hauswald, R. (2025). Social Epistemology, 39(6).Lange, B. (2025). Epistemic Deference to AI.LINKS: bernhardkerres.com | roleplays.ai#AI #Coaching #Croesus #ChatGPT #Leadership

In this Company Update, we are joined by Brock Colterjohn, President and CEO of Onyx Gold (TSX.V: ONYX | OTCQX: ONXGF). With a massive 110,000-meter drill program currently underway, Onyx Gold is rapidly advancing its flagship Munro-Croesus project in Ontario, following a string of high-grade discoveries over the past 4 years.  Key Discussion Points: Munro-Croesus Project Overview: An introduction to the flagship property located in the heart of the Timmins gold camp, featuring the high-grade past-producing Croesus Mine. The Power of Consolidation: How Onyx Gold successfully assembled a district-scale land position by executing over 35 transactions since 2019. Argus North Discovery: Insight into the significant 2024 and 2025 drill results, including intercepts of 208 meters at 2.3 g/t gold. Strategic Financial Positioning: A breakdown of the company's strong cash position of approximately $22 million and its clean capital structure. Multi-Project Pipeline: The Company holds a portfolio of projects, 3 in the Timmins Gold Camp in Ontario (Munro-Croesus Property) and 4 projects in the Yukon.   Click here to visit the Onyx Gold website - https://onyxgold.com/    Please email me with any follow up questions for Brock. My email address is Fleck@kereport.com.    ------------------ For more market commentary & interview summaries, subscribe to our Substacks:  The KE Report: https://kereport.substack.com/  Shad's resource market commentary: https://excelsiorprosperity.substack.com/ Investment disclaimer: This content is for informational and educational purposes only and does not constitute investment advice, an offer, or a solicitation to buy or sell any security or investment product. Investing in equities, commodities, really everything involves risk, including the possible loss of principal. Do your own research and consult a licensed financial advisor before making any investment decisions. Guests and hosts may own shares in companies mentioned.

Why has the dollar remained dominant despite rising debt, geopolitical strain, and growing challengers? Barry Eichengreen joins Bankless to trace the history of global reserve currencies. From Spanish silver and the Byzantine solidus to sterling and the modern dollar, Barry explains the conditions that make a currency rise, endure, and eventually fall. We explore fiscal discipline, rule of law, military power, gold, China, and crypto to understand what history suggests about the dollar's future. ------

Doubts about the international dominance of the dollar are only growing amid worries about tariffs, political dysfunction, and fraying international alliances. Will the dollar continue to reign supreme? In Money Beyond Borders, the leading authority on international currencies, Barry Eichengreen, puts the dollar's prospects in deep historical perspective by chronicling the entire history of cross-border currencies, from the invention of coins in the seventh century BCE to the cryptocurrencies of today and the central bank digital currencies of tomorrow. Money Beyond Borders: Global Currencies from Croesus to Crypto (Princeton University Press, 2026) recounts how Greek and Roman coins became the first true international currencies. It tells how the Florentine gold florin became the "greenback of the Renaissance," and how it was succeeded by Spanish silver and a Dutch fiat currency. The book explains why the British pound dominated the international economy in the nineteenth century, why the dollar rose to the top during World War II, and why the dollar has survived predictions of the imminent loss of its preeminence since the 1970s. The long history of international currencies shows that the same factors that encourage their widespread use eventually lead to their abandonment. Money Beyond Borders makes a powerful case that the dollar is now on the downside of this cycle, and it considers who the winners and losers will be when there is flight away from the greenback. Revealing important patterns in the life cycles of international currencies over the past 2,500 years, the book offers valuable lessons and insights about how currencies rise--and why they fall. Barry Eichengreen is the George C. and Helen N. Pardee Chair and Distinguished Professor of Economics and Political Science at the University of California, Berkeley. Caleb Zakarin is the CEO and Publisher of the New Books Network. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/new-books-network

Doubts about the international dominance of the dollar are only growing amid worries about tariffs, political dysfunction, and fraying international alliances. Will the dollar continue to reign supreme? In Money Beyond Borders, the leading authority on international currencies, Barry Eichengreen, puts the dollar's prospects in deep historical perspective by chronicling the entire history of cross-border currencies, from the invention of coins in the seventh century BCE to the cryptocurrencies of today and the central bank digital currencies of tomorrow. Money Beyond Borders: Global Currencies from Croesus to Crypto (Princeton University Press, 2026) recounts how Greek and Roman coins became the first true international currencies. It tells how the Florentine gold florin became the "greenback of the Renaissance," and how it was succeeded by Spanish silver and a Dutch fiat currency. The book explains why the British pound dominated the international economy in the nineteenth century, why the dollar rose to the top during World War II, and why the dollar has survived predictions of the imminent loss of its preeminence since the 1970s. The long history of international currencies shows that the same factors that encourage their widespread use eventually lead to their abandonment. Money Beyond Borders makes a powerful case that the dollar is now on the downside of this cycle, and it considers who the winners and losers will be when there is flight away from the greenback. Revealing important patterns in the life cycles of international currencies over the past 2,500 years, the book offers valuable lessons and insights about how currencies rise--and why they fall. Barry Eichengreen is the George C. and Helen N. Pardee Chair and Distinguished Professor of Economics and Political Science at the University of California, Berkeley. Caleb Zakarin is the CEO and Publisher of the New Books Network. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/history

For 2,500 years, influential rulers have been trying to defeat Persia. But neither Croesus, nor Alexander the Great, nor Rome's emperor succeeded. The story of these defeats reads like a lesson. Donald Trump could be next to receive it. - Seit 2.500 Jahren versuchen bedeutende Herrscher Persien zu besiegen. Doch das ist weder Krösus, noch Alexander dem Großen noch Roms Kaiser gelungen. Die Geschichte dieser Niederlagen liest sich wie eine Lektion. Donald Trump könnte der Nächste sein, dem sie erteilt wird.

Doubts about the international dominance of the dollar are only growing amid worries about tariffs, political dysfunction, and fraying international alliances. Will the dollar continue to reign supreme? In Money Beyond Borders, the leading authority on international currencies, Barry Eichengreen, puts the dollar's prospects in deep historical perspective by chronicling the entire history of cross-border currencies, from the invention of coins in the seventh century BCE to the cryptocurrencies of today and the central bank digital currencies of tomorrow. Money Beyond Borders: Global Currencies from Croesus to Crypto (Princeton University Press, 2026) recounts how Greek and Roman coins became the first true international currencies. It tells how the Florentine gold florin became the "greenback of the Renaissance," and how it was succeeded by Spanish silver and a Dutch fiat currency. The book explains why the British pound dominated the international economy in the nineteenth century, why the dollar rose to the top during World War II, and why the dollar has survived predictions of the imminent loss of its preeminence since the 1970s. The long history of international currencies shows that the same factors that encourage their widespread use eventually lead to their abandonment. Money Beyond Borders makes a powerful case that the dollar is now on the downside of this cycle, and it considers who the winners and losers will be when there is flight away from the greenback. Revealing important patterns in the life cycles of international currencies over the past 2,500 years, the book offers valuable lessons and insights about how currencies rise--and why they fall. Barry Eichengreen is the George C. and Helen N. Pardee Chair and Distinguished Professor of Economics and Political Science at the University of California, Berkeley. Caleb Zakarin is the CEO and Publisher of the New Books Network. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Doubts about the international dominance of the dollar are only growing amid worries about tariffs, political dysfunction, and fraying international alliances. Will the dollar continue to reign supreme? In Money Beyond Borders, the leading authority on international currencies, Barry Eichengreen, puts the dollar's prospects in deep historical perspective by chronicling the entire history of cross-border currencies, from the invention of coins in the seventh century BCE to the cryptocurrencies of today and the central bank digital currencies of tomorrow. Money Beyond Borders: Global Currencies from Croesus to Crypto (Princeton University Press, 2026) recounts how Greek and Roman coins became the first true international currencies. It tells how the Florentine gold florin became the "greenback of the Renaissance," and how it was succeeded by Spanish silver and a Dutch fiat currency. The book explains why the British pound dominated the international economy in the nineteenth century, why the dollar rose to the top during World War II, and why the dollar has survived predictions of the imminent loss of its preeminence since the 1970s. The long history of international currencies shows that the same factors that encourage their widespread use eventually lead to their abandonment. Money Beyond Borders makes a powerful case that the dollar is now on the downside of this cycle, and it considers who the winners and losers will be when there is flight away from the greenback. Revealing important patterns in the life cycles of international currencies over the past 2,500 years, the book offers valuable lessons and insights about how currencies rise--and why they fall. Barry Eichengreen is the George C. and Helen N. Pardee Chair and Distinguished Professor of Economics and Political Science at the University of California, Berkeley. Caleb Zakarin is the CEO and Publisher of the New Books Network.

Doubts about the international dominance of the dollar are only growing amid worries about tariffs, political dysfunction, and fraying international alliances. Will the dollar continue to reign supreme? In Money Beyond Borders, the leading authority on international currencies, Barry Eichengreen, puts the dollar's prospects in deep historical perspective by chronicling the entire history of cross-border currencies, from the invention of coins in the seventh century BCE to the cryptocurrencies of today and the central bank digital currencies of tomorrow. Money Beyond Borders: Global Currencies from Croesus to Crypto (Princeton University Press, 2026) recounts how Greek and Roman coins became the first true international currencies. It tells how the Florentine gold florin became the "greenback of the Renaissance," and how it was succeeded by Spanish silver and a Dutch fiat currency. The book explains why the British pound dominated the international economy in the nineteenth century, why the dollar rose to the top during World War II, and why the dollar has survived predictions of the imminent loss of its preeminence since the 1970s. The long history of international currencies shows that the same factors that encourage their widespread use eventually lead to their abandonment. Money Beyond Borders makes a powerful case that the dollar is now on the downside of this cycle, and it considers who the winners and losers will be when there is flight away from the greenback. Revealing important patterns in the life cycles of international currencies over the past 2,500 years, the book offers valuable lessons and insights about how currencies rise--and why they fall. Barry Eichengreen is the George C. and Helen N. Pardee Chair and Distinguished Professor of Economics and Political Science at the University of California, Berkeley. Caleb Zakarin is the CEO and Publisher of the New Books Network. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/economics

Doubts about the international dominance of the dollar are only growing amid worries about tariffs, political dysfunction, and fraying international alliances. Will the dollar continue to reign supreme? In Money Beyond Borders, the leading authority on international currencies, Barry Eichengreen, puts the dollar's prospects in deep historical perspective by chronicling the entire history of cross-border currencies, from the invention of coins in the seventh century BCE to the cryptocurrencies of today and the central bank digital currencies of tomorrow. Money Beyond Borders: Global Currencies from Croesus to Crypto (Princeton University Press, 2026) recounts how Greek and Roman coins became the first true international currencies. It tells how the Florentine gold florin became the "greenback of the Renaissance," and how it was succeeded by Spanish silver and a Dutch fiat currency. The book explains why the British pound dominated the international economy in the nineteenth century, why the dollar rose to the top during World War II, and why the dollar has survived predictions of the imminent loss of its preeminence since the 1970s. The long history of international currencies shows that the same factors that encourage their widespread use eventually lead to their abandonment. Money Beyond Borders makes a powerful case that the dollar is now on the downside of this cycle, and it considers who the winners and losers will be when there is flight away from the greenback. Revealing important patterns in the life cycles of international currencies over the past 2,500 years, the book offers valuable lessons and insights about how currencies rise--and why they fall. Barry Eichengreen is the George C. and Helen N. Pardee Chair and Distinguished Professor of Economics and Political Science at the University of California, Berkeley. Caleb Zakarin is the CEO and Publisher of the New Books Network. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Doubts about the international dominance of the dollar are only growing amid worries about tariffs, political dysfunction, and fraying international alliances. Will the dollar continue to reign supreme? In Money Beyond Borders, the leading authority on international currencies, Barry Eichengreen, puts the dollar's prospects in deep historical perspective by chronicling the entire history of cross-border currencies, from the invention of coins in the seventh century BCE to the cryptocurrencies of today and the central bank digital currencies of tomorrow. Money Beyond Borders: Global Currencies from Croesus to Crypto (Princeton University Press, 2026) recounts how Greek and Roman coins became the first true international currencies. It tells how the Florentine gold florin became the "greenback of the Renaissance," and how it was succeeded by Spanish silver and a Dutch fiat currency. The book explains why the British pound dominated the international economy in the nineteenth century, why the dollar rose to the top during World War II, and why the dollar has survived predictions of the imminent loss of its preeminence since the 1970s. The long history of international currencies shows that the same factors that encourage their widespread use eventually lead to their abandonment. Money Beyond Borders makes a powerful case that the dollar is now on the downside of this cycle, and it considers who the winners and losers will be when there is flight away from the greenback. Revealing important patterns in the life cycles of international currencies over the past 2,500 years, the book offers valuable lessons and insights about how currencies rise--and why they fall. Barry Eichengreen is the George C. and Helen N. Pardee Chair and Distinguished Professor of Economics and Political Science at the University of California, Berkeley. Caleb Zakarin is the CEO and Publisher of the New Books Network. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/book-of-the-day

Welcome to a very special episode of the podcast, as we hear from eminent economic historian and prolific author Barry Eichengreen. Barry is the man who inspired our very own Russell Napier to realise that he could learn much more from the history of finance than he could from books on economic theory. That 'eureka' moment was inspired by Barry's first book, Golden Fetters – The Gold Standard and the Great Depression, but in this episode the pair discuss Barry's latest work, Money Beyond Borders – Global Currencies from Croesus to Crypto. As Russell dials in from a trip to the north of Scotland to speak to the California-based professor, listen in for fascinating insights into international currencies, and mounting challenges to the dominance of the US dollar.Produced by Fraser Allen.www.libraryofmistakes.com

In Episode 468 of Hidden Forces, Demetri Kofinas speaks with renowned economic historian and author Barry Eichengreen about the history of international currencies and the prospects for the US dollar's continued preeminence, drawing on his new book Money Beyond Borders: Global Currencies from Croesus to Crypto. The first hour traces the long arc of international currency history, from the invention of coinage in ancient Lydia through the monetary innovations of Athens, Rome, and the Byzantine Empire, to Renaissance Florence, where a city-state with no navy and no silver mines managed to make its currency the dominant medium of exchange in Europe. The hour closes with a discussion about the Dutch Republic's revolutionary contributions to modern money and finance, and the Spanish silver dollar—the first truly global currency, which circulated from the New World to China and remained legal tender in the United States until the eve of the Civil War. The second hour examines Britain's emergence as the world's first modern financial superpower, whose decline opened the door to the internationalization of the US dollar, and the role that figures like Paul Warburg, the Federal Reserve, two World Wars, and the Bretton Woods Agreement each played in establishing dollar dominance—further cemented by the breakdown of Bretton Woods and the era of floating fiat currencies. They then turn to the present, examining what Eichengreen sees as the two most serious threats to the dollar's continued preeminence: the erosion of the rule of law and separation of powers inside the United States, and the fraying of the alliance relationships that underpin global confidence in dollar-denominated assets. They close with a discussion about whether stablecoins could extend the dollar's network effects, why the Euro and the Chinese renminbi fall short as credible alternatives, and what a world without a reliable global reserve currency could mean for international trade, finance, and geopolitical stability. Subscribe to our premium content—including our premium feed, episode transcripts, and Intelligence Reports—by visiting HiddenForces.io/subscribe. If you'd like to join the conversation and become a member of the Hidden Forces Genius community—with benefits like Q&A calls with guests, exclusive research and analysis, in-person events, and dinners—you can also sign up on our subscriber page at HiddenForces.io/subscribe. If you enjoyed today's episode of Hidden Forces, please support the show by: Subscribing on Apple Podcasts, YouTube, Spotify, Stitcher, SoundCloud, CastBox, or via our RSS Feed Writing us a review on Apple Podcasts & Spotify Join our mailing list at https://hiddenforces.io/newsletter/ Producer & Host: Demetri Kofinas Editor & Engineer: Stylianos Nicolaou Subscribe and support the podcast at https://hiddenforces.io. Join the conversation on Facebook, Instagram, and Twitter at @hiddenforcespod Follow Demetri on Twitter at @Kofinas Episode Recorded on 03/09/2026

Interview recorded - 19th of February, 2026On this episode of the WTFinance podcast I had the pleasure of welcoming on Barry Eichengreen. Barry is a renowned economist and Professor of Economics and Political Science at the University of California, Berkeley, where he has taught since 1987. He is also the author of many books, including the upcoming book “Money Beyond Borders: Global Currencies from Croesus to Crypto”During our conversation we spoke about his thoughts on the economy, the K-shaped economy, geopolitical shift, move away from the US dollar, what it means for the future and more. I hope you enjoy!0:00 - Introduction1:08 - Overview of the economy2:18 - K-shaped economy3:41 - Geopolitical shift6:13 - Europe becoming a world power?9:23 - US currency12:53 - China be trusted?14:58 - Precious metals movements17:09 - Next reserve currencies?19:58 - US Dollar devaluing21:47 - Bifurcating currency world23:56 - Influence for writing the book?25:58 - Any surprises?28:00 - One message to takeaway?Barry Eichengreen is George C. Pardee & Helen N. Pardee Chair and Distinguished Professor of Economics and Political Science at the University of California, Berkeley, where he has taught since 1987. He is a Research Associate of the National Bureau of Economic Research (Cambridge, Massachusetts) and Research Fellow of the Centre for Economic Policy Research (London, England). In 1997-98 he was Senior Policy Advisor at the International Monetary Fund. He is a fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences (class of 1997). Professor Eichengreen is the convener of the Bellagio Group of academics and economic officials and chair of the Academic Advisory Committee of the Peterson Institute of International Economics. He has held Guggenheim and Fulbright Fellowships and has been a fellow of the Center for Advanced Study in the Behavioral Sciences (Palo Alto) and the Institute for Advanced Study (Berlin). He is a regular monthly columnist for Project Syndicate. His books include The Populist Temptation: Economic Grievance and Political Reaction in the Modern Era (2018), How Global Currencies Work: Past, Present, and Future, with Livia Chitu and Arnaud Mehl, (2017), The Korean Economy: From a Miraculous Past to a Sustainable Future (Harvard East Asian Monographs) with Wonhyuk Lim, Yung Chul Park and Dwight H. Perkins, (2015), Renminbi Internationalization: Achievements, Prospects, and Challenges, co-edited with Masahiro Kawai, (2015), Hall of Mirrors: The Great Depression, The Great Recession, and the Uses-and Misuses-of History, (2015). He was awarded the Economic History Association's Jonathan R.T. Hughes Prize for Excellence in Teaching in 2002 and the University of California at Berkeley Social Science Division's Distinguished Teaching Award in 2004. He is also the recipient of a doctor honoris causa from the American University in Paris.Barry Eichengreen - Website - https://eml.berkeley.edu/~eichengr/X - https://x.com/B_EichengreenBook - https://press.princeton.edu/books/hardcover/9780691280530/money-beyond-borders?_glWTFinance - Instagram - https://www.instagram.com/wtfinancee/Spotify - https://open.spotify.com/show/67rpmjG92PNBW0doLyPvfniTunes - https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/wtfinance/id1554934665?uo=4Twitter - https://twitter.com/AnthonyFatseas

In het oude Griekenland kon je contact leggen met de Goden, via orakels. En die orakels bepaalden vervolgens het lot van hele steden en rijken. Koningen als Croesus lieten hun oorlogen afhangen van de raad van een priesteres in trance, en kolonies werden gesticht op basis van cryptische voorspellingen of het lezen van organen van offerdieren. Historicus Rebecca van Hove van de Rijksuniversiteit Groningen legt in deze aflevering uit hoe de Grieken met deze raadselachtige boodschappen omgingen en waarom het eigenlijk helemaal niet zo vreemd is dat ze geloofden in hun directe lijntje met God. Het was niet raar dat ze hun toekomst lieten bepalen door een vrouw die soms brabbelde in een tempel. Want omgaan met onzekerheid, dat doen wij eigenlijk nog steeds… alleen onze orakels zien er nu anders uit.See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

In this episode, I chat with Jesse Myers, aka “Croesus” on X, a Bitcoin strategy advisor and former co-founder of OnRamp Bitcoin. With an MBA from Stanford and experience at Bain & Company, Jesse is now leading Bitcoin strategy at SmarterWeb and advising UTXO Management. We dive deep into the rise of Bitcoin treasury companies—how they're reshaping capital markets, unlocking trapped fiat, and potentially becoming the most valuable companies in the world. ––– Offers & Discounts ––– Theya is the world's simplest Bitcoin self-custody solution. Download Theya Now at theya.us/cedric Get up to $100 in Bitcoin on River at river.com/matrix The best Team Bitcoin merch is at HodlersOfficial.com. Use the code Matrix for a discount on your order. Become a sponsor of the show: https://thebitcoinmatrix.com/sponsors/ ––– Get To Know Today's Guest ––– • Jesse Myers on X: https://x.com/Croesus_BTC ––– Socials ––– • Check out our new website at https://TheBitcoinMatrix.Com • Follow Cedric Youngelman on X: https://x.com/cedyoungelman • Follow The Bitcoin Matrix Podcast on X: https://x.com/_bitcoinmatrix • Follow Cedric Youngelman on Nostr: npub12tq9jxmt707gd5vnce3tqllpm67ktr0mqskcvy58qqa4d074pz9s4ukdcs ––– Chapters –––   00:00 – Intro 01:05 –Jesse Myers: background and focus 03:12 – Why Bitcoin treasury companies? The “elephant in the room” 04:05 – From maxi to treasuries: the journey and mindset shift 10:08 – Paying a premium for Bitcoin yield vs spot Bitcoin 14:00 – Small-cap dynamics: high MNAV bands in hypergrowth 16:24 – Meta Planet example: growing into the premium in 0.4 years 17:35 – Portfolio framing: cold storage vs risk capital slice 18:40 – Global thesis: a leader in each capital market 20:02 – New industry lens: BTC treasuries as conduits for trapped capital 23:05 – Endgame vision: refiners that hoover global fixed income 25:22 – “Is this a Ponzi?” Addressing the core critique 28:05 – Centralization tradeoffs and why cold storage still matters 32:05 – Smarter Web snapshot: 2,050 BTC, no debt, NAV lens 34:25 – Risk management: leverage across lifecycle stages 38:10 – UK context: no ETF access, retirement money tailwind 43:18 – Could BTC treasuries hold half of all Bitcoin? 48:40 – Will BTC treasuries issue stablecoins or partner on them? 52:20 – M&A and distress cycles among BTC treasuries 55:05 – Why Apple/Microsoft won't be first movers 58:50 – Fundamentals vs price: adding BTC while prices consolidate 1:02:22 – Volatility as vitality vs TradFi's downside skew 1:04:45 – Mindset shift: humans are volatile, Bitcoin is programmatic 1:05:40 – Closing toughts DISCLAIMER: All views in this episode are our own and DO NOT reflect the opinions/views of any of our guests or sponsors. I want to take a moment to express my heartfelt gratitude to all of you for tuning in, supporting the show, and contributing. Thank you for listening!

Croesus, the king of Lydia, who reigned for 14 years in the 6th century BCE, was legendary for his wealth. You might wonder what the man did to protect his treasures. Well, rumor has it that he used to put curses on his most valuable belongings, including the infamous King Croesus's golden brooch, one of the most precious items in his jewelry collection. For hundreds of years, the treasure of King Croesus lay underground, lost but not forgotten. But one day in 1965, several men came across the ancient burial mound of a Lydian princess. The men didn't excavate all the treasure at once. They returned once again in 1968 but didn't find anything but wall paintings. Among the artifacts they'd stolen, there was a beautiful golden brooch in the shape of a winged seahorse... Other videos you might like: The Story of the Hope Diamond Which Ruined Its Owners' Lives ⁠  ⁠⁠⁠⁠ • The Story of the Hope Diamond Which R...  ⁠ 4 Mystery Doors That Should Never Be Opened ⁠  ⁠⁠⁠⁠ • 4 Mystery Doors That Should Never Be ...  ⁠ The Truth About the Titanic Has Been Revealed ⁠  ⁠⁠⁠⁠ • The Truth About the Titanic Has Been ...  ⁠ TIMESTAMPS: Terrible things that happened to the thieves ⁠1:30⁠ Why the treasure had to be returned to Turkey ⁠2:53⁠ Where the real brooch?! ⁠3:41⁠ Other jewelry items that destroyed its owners: Black Orlov Diamond ⁠4:31⁠ Koh-i-Noor Diamond ⁠5:24⁠ Delhi Purple Sapphire ⁠6:31⁠ The Star of India ⁠7:55⁠ ⁠#cursedthings⁠ ⁠#legends⁠ ⁠#brightdise⁠ Star of Asia Sapphire 330 carats Burma Rumored to have once belonged to India's Maharajah of Jodhpur: By thisisbossi from Washington, DC, USA - 2009 04 19 - 4697 - Washington DC - Natural History Museum - Star of Asia Sapphire Uploaded by PDTillman, CC BY-SA 2.0 ⁠https://creativecommons.org/licenses/...⁠, ⁠https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index...⁠ Animation is created by Bright Side. Music by Epidemic Sound ⁠https://www.epidemicsound.com/⁠ Subscribe to Bright Side : ⁠https://goo.gl/rQTJZz⁠ ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Our Social Media: Facebook: ⁠ ⁠⁠⁠⁠ / brightside  ⁠ Instagram: ⁠ ⁠⁠⁠⁠ / brightgram  ⁠ 5-Minute Crafts Youtube: ⁠https://www.goo.gl/8JVmuC⁠ Stock materials (photos, footages and other): ⁠https://www.depositphotos.com⁠ ⁠https://www.shutterstock.com⁠ ⁠https://www.eastnews.ru⁠ ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- For more videos and articles visit: ⁠http://www.brightside.me/ Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Hosts: Shane, Earth, and Pyrnassius Quest QOL patches and the Game Health update arrive. Given controversy around the nerfs we look back at the Croesus nerfs and where those items are today. Also, strap on your propeller hats for a deep dive into spudworks and RuneScape server maintenance. For detailed show notes visit update.rsbandb.com. You can also check out the forums for detailed discussion on each episode.Duration: 1:37:09

One last look at our favorite Lydian before moving on: why does Herodotus spend so much time talking about him, and why put his story at the start of the entire Histories?   Please consider supporting my work at www.patreon.com/herodotuspodcast. The first bonus episode is in the pipeline!

I'm reading and talking about Ted Gioia's "Immersive Humanities Course," 52 weeks of World Classics.An interesting combination this week. Ted Gioia, the creator of my reading list, called it “Love and War,” but it felt like a lot more than that. And last week, I called it a hodgepodge, but I can admit I was wrong.Plato's Symposium is the third of Plato's works on this list. After wrestling with Ethics in particular last week, I was happy to get back to my friend. Symposium is written as a dialogue among friends, recalled by one who wasn't there, a little like the game of “Telephone” we'e all played. The friends' topic? Love, specifically eros. Given that this is upper-class Ancient Greece, there is a significant discussion of love between men; honestly romantic love between men and women is practically ignored. The reading plan only covered a few portion of Herodotus' Histories, Books 1 and 6-8. For full disclosure, I did NOT complete the reading but stopped with Book 7. In my edition of Histories the assigned books were more than 350 pages and I simply ran out of time. If I had done all the reading this week I would have been around 430 pages! Given that I “signed up” for about 250 pages per week, I had to stop. Confession time over.As always, I have so many, many thoughts about these works. For Symposium, I summarized each person's eulogy as a way to get my hands around the text. A few ideas:Obviously Love held an important place in the lives of Greeks. This entire dialogue is centered around it, but it doesn't look like love in many ways. I'm accustomed to thinking of love as wanting and being willing to work for the best of your beloved, and that being mutual. That desiring “for” someone else, rather than merely desiring them, was absent at least as far as I could see.There are a number of points made about Love as the dialogue progresses, and they definitely don't agree. As always, you're left to parse out the better and worse arguments. “You complete me” (yes, Jerry Maguire) makes an appearance! That attitude has been around a looooong time. Aristophanes tells a long and pretty funny tale about how human beings were at one time two-headed, eight-limbed creatures, but when Zeus got mad and split everyone in two. Now we go around looking for our other half.Does Love motivate us to honor? What kind of Love would do that? Or maybe Love is a moderating force? (I found that a weak argument.) Is its purpose beauty? Those are all offered as arguments, and all are rejected by Socrates. Socrates, via his mentor Diotima, argues that Love's purpose is procreation. As someone who has actually been pregnant several times, I found Socrates' discussion of pregnancy to be uncomfortable, to say the least. There is a ton of homoerotic talk, especially from Socrates and Alcibiades. It is just so strange to me that there is virtually no discussion of love between men and women, but tons between older and younger men. As usual, my bias shows, but it's who I am.On to Herodotus. He's been on my radar since I read History of the Ancient World by Susan Wise Bauer about a year and a half ago, and seeing him on the reading list was part of my motivation to jump in. He did not disappoint. The sections that I read were the origin stories of Croesus and Cyrus, and Persia, and then the beginning of the Persian War. I ended with the Battle of Thermopylae, which is an amazing story in its own right. A few takeaways:Every military leader should read this book. I may actually send it to my son who is in the Navy! There are examples of excellent leadership, and cranky...

"Any Bitcoiner who is mad that governments are getting involved in Bitcoin was always being unrealistic about what the path of maturation is for a nascent store value asset."On this Bitcoin Talk episode of THE Bitcoin Podcast, Walker talks with Jesse Myers (AKA Croesus). They discuss the inevitability of the Strategic Bitcoin Reserve, how EARLY we are to adoption, why most people will FOMO buy at $1M per BTC, the Yuppie Elite dismissing Bitcoin, and more. FOLLOW JESSE:X: https://x.com/Croesus_BTC Web: https://www.onceinaspecies.com/*****THE Bitcoin Podcast Partners:> FOLD BITCOIN REWARDS CREDIT CARD WAITLIST HERE: https://foldapp.com/credit-card?r=UZoiP> Download Primal for Nostr: https://primal.net/downloads> http://bitbox.swiss/walker -- use promo code WALKER for 5% off the Bitcoin-only Bitbox02 hardware wallet.*****If you enjoy THE Bitcoin Podcast you can help support the show by doing the following:FOLLOW ME (Walker) on @WalkerAmerica on X | @TitcoinPodcast on X | Nostr Personal (walker) | Nostr Podcast (Titcoin) | InstagramSubscribe to THE Bitcoin Podcast (and leave a review) on Fountain | YouTube | Spotify | Rumble | EVERYWHERE ELSE

In this episode, I bring together Joe Burnett, Vijay Boyapati, and Jesse Myers for the world's first Bitcoin Matrix Group Therapy session. We dive into Bitcoin's recent volatility, its cyclical nature, and the broader macroeconomic forces at play—including the role of gold and the emergence of nation-state Bitcoin reserves. ––– Offers & Discounts ––– Get up to $100 in Bitcoin on River at river.com/Matrix Theya is the world's simplest Bitcoin self-custody solution. Download Theya Now at theya.us/cedric The best Team Bitcoin merch is at HodlersOfficial.com. Use the code Matrix for a discount on your order. Become a sponsor of the show: https://thebitcoinmatrix.com/sponsors/ ––– Get To Know Today's Guests––– Vijay Boyapati: https://x.com/real_vijay Jesse Myers: https://x.com/Croesus_BTC Joe Burnett: https://x.com/IIICapital ––– Socials ––– Check out our new website at https://TheBitcoinMatrix.Com Follow Cedric Youngelman on X: https://x.com/cedyoungelman Follow The Bitcoin Matrix Podcast on X: https://x.com/_bitcoinmatrix ––– Chapters ––– 00:00 – Intro 01:30 - Guest Introductions 03:41 - Bitcoin's Recent Volatility & Market Sentiment 07:39 - Bitcoin Cycles & Long-Term Perspective 12:49 - Is This Cycle Different? 17:37 - Macroeconomic Signals: Gold, Interest Rates, & Tariffs 22:32 - Potential for a Recession & Bitcoin's Role 24:38 - Price Manipulation 27:02 - Nation-State Bitcoin Adoption 32:22 - The Future of Altcoins 36:52 - Removing Capital Gains Tax on Bitcoin 43:14 - The Next Big Speculative Wave: Tokenized Assets? 45:32 - Self-Custody vs. Institutional Custody Solutions 50:04 - Future Bitcoin Price Action & Potential Drawdowns 52:05 - Closing Thoughts I want to take a moment to express my heartfelt gratitude to all of you for tuning in, supporting the show, and contributing. Thank you for listening!

A Mad King ... True or False?Cambyses has some pretty bad historical credibility. He's been considered a mad king for millennia. We tell the great stories of his insane behavior in Egypt. Of course in Fan of History style we do a deep dive and have a lot of fun with it, including asking the question "how freaking old is Croesus now??"Don't forget to email us your address to get some new Fan if History stickers!This is a podcast by Dan Hörning and Bernie Maopolski.If you like what we do you can support the Fan of History project on https://www.patreon.com/fanofhistoryContact information:E-mail: zimwaupodcast@gmail.comhttp://facebook.com/fanofhistoryhttps://twitter.com/danhorninghttps://www.instagram.com/dan_horning/Music: “Tudor Theme” by urmymuse.Used here under a commercial Creative Commons license. Find out more at http://ccmixter.org/files/urmymuse/40020 Support the show and listen ad-free to all of the episodes, including episode 1-87. Click here: https://plus.acast.com/s/history. Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

Explaining Multi-Sig to a 13-year-old. $ BTC 67,081 Block Height 867,564 Today's guests on the show are @edstromandrew @Croesus_BTC who join me for the 500th Episode of Once Bitten. The first time Lauren ever asked a question on Once Bitten was to @edstromandrew when she quizzed him about his book Why Buy Bitcoin at the age of 9. Now, aged 13 and on our 500th episode she asks Andy to explain #Bitcoin Multi-sig. Why did @Croesus_BTC want my views on #Bitcoin yield and how does the future of #Bitcoin Self-custody and other services look with @OnrampBitcoin . What is #Bitcoins full potential and how has Croesus's work been used and adapted by Saylor? A huge thank you to both of these awesome Bitcoiners who have become great friends over the years as we continue this journey together. Learn more about onramp here: ⁠https://onrampbitcoin.com/?grsf=bitten⁠ Buy Andy's book here: https://www.andyedstrom.com/ Read @Croesus_BTC here: https://www.onceinaspecies.com/?sort=top

Croesus, the king of Lydia, who reigned for 14 years in the 6th century BCE, was legendary for his wealth. You might wonder what the man did to protect his treasures. Well, rumor has it that he used to put curses on his most valuable belongings, including the infamous King Croesus's golden brooch, one of the most precious items in his jewelry collection. For hundreds of years, the treasure of King Croesus lay underground, lost but not forgotten. But one day in 1965, several men came across the ancient burial mound of a Lydian princess. The men didn't excavate all the treasure at once. They returned once again in 1968 but didn't find anything but wall paintings. Among the artifacts they'd stolen, there was a beautiful golden brooch in the shape of a winged seahorse... Other videos you might like: The Story of the Hope Diamond Which Ruined Its Owners' Lives    • The Story of the Hope Diamond Which R...   4 Mystery Doors That Should Never Be Opened    • 4 Mystery Doors That Should Never Be ...   The Truth About the Titanic Has Been Revealed    • The Truth About the Titanic Has Been ...   TIMESTAMPS: Terrible things that happened to the thieves 1:30 Why the treasure had to be returned to Turkey 2:53 Where the real brooch?! 3:41 Other jewelry items that destroyed its owners: Black Orlov Diamond 4:31 Koh-i-Noor Diamond 5:24 Delhi Purple Sapphire 6:31 The Star of India 7:55 #cursedthings #legends #brightdise Star of Asia Sapphire 330 carats Burma Rumored to have once belonged to India's Maharajah of Jodhpur: By thisisbossi from Washington, DC, USA - 2009 04 19 - 4697 - Washington DC - Natural History Museum - Star of Asia Sapphire Uploaded by PDTillman, CC BY-SA 2.0 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/..., https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index... Animation is created by Bright Side. Music by Epidemic Sound https://www.epidemicsound.com/ Subscribe to Bright Side : https://goo.gl/rQTJZz ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Our Social Media: Facebook:   / brightside   Instagram:   / brightgram   5-Minute Crafts Youtube: https://www.goo.gl/8JVmuC Stock materials (photos, footages and other): https://www.depositphotos.com https://www.shutterstock.com https://www.eastnews.ru ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- For more videos and articles visit: http://www.brightside.me/ Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Are you looking to improve your English comprehension skills while also exploring a thought-provoking topic? This episode may be what you're looking for…Do you consider yourself a lucky person? Can you ever say that you've had a happy life? How would your answer change if something truly terrible happened tomorrow? In this episode of English and Beyond, I explore these questions by sharing an old story that has stuck with me since I was a teenager: the tale of Croesus, a wealthy king whose arrogance and belief in his good fortune led to a tragic downfall. What lessons can we learn from this story, and what does it have to do with the modern-day celebrities who seem to have it all, only to lose it all soon after?Together with my guest César, we talk about luck, happiness, and the inevitable ups and downs we all face. This episode will challenge you to think about your own luck and what it means to live a fulfilling life.If you're an intermediate English learner, this episode is packed with rich vocabulary, approachable philosophical discussions, and relatable examples, all designed to help you practise your listening skills while reflecting on life's big questions.For a full transcript and additional learning resources, check out our website at the following link: morethanalanguage.com

“‘Come then, Epictetus, shave off your beard.' If I am a philosopher, I answer, ‘I will not shave it off' ‘But I will take off your neck.' If that will do you any good, take it off. …Only consider at what price you sell your freedom of will. If you must sell it, man, at least do not sell it cheap. But the great and pre-eminent deed, perhaps, befits others, Socrates and men of his stamp.— Why then, pray, if we are endowed by nature for such greatness, do not all men, or many, become like him? What, do all horses become swift, all dogs keen to follow the scent? What then?Because I have no natural gifts, shall I on that account give up my discipline? Far be it from me! Epictetus will not be better than Socrates; but if only I am not worse, that suffices me.For I shall not be a Milo, either, and yet I do not neglect my body; nor a Croesus, and yet I do not neglect my property; nor, in a word, is there any other field in which we give up the appropriate discipline merely from despair of attaining the highest.” (Discourses, 1.2)The Philosophy Garden is a reader-supported publication. To receive new posts and support my work, consider becoming a free or paid subscriber. Get full access to The Philosophy Garden, Stoicism and beyond at thephilosophygarden.substack.com/subscribe

Explaining the #bitcoin halving to a 13-year-old. $BTC 68,014 Block Height 846,197 Today's guests on the show are the dynamic duo of @edstromandrew and @Croesus_BTC who join me for another fun rip about all the things! What were these guys up to for the #bitcoin Halving? How do you explain the #Bitcoin halving to a 13-year-old and MIT? What else has been on the radars of @Croesus_BTC and @Edstromandrew? Why is self-custody so important and what is a Multi-Institution Custody solution built by @OnrampBitcoin ? Huge thanks to both of these chads for coming back on the show and all they do for #Bitcoin! Find out more about @OnrampBitcoin here: https://onrampbitcoin.com/ ALL LINKS HERE - FOR DISCOUNTS AND OFFERS -  https://vida.page/princey - https://linktr.ee/princey21m Pleb Service Announcements. @orangepillapp That's it, that's the announcement. https://signup.theorangepillapp.com/opa/princey Thank you: @swan @relai_app @ShiftCryptoHQ @wasabiwallet @mempool @KonsensusN  for your trust and support.  Support the pods via @fountain_app  -https://fountain.fm/show/2oJTnUm5VKs3xmSVdf5n  Shills and Mench's: ZAPRITE - https://zaprite.com/bitten Invoicing service for Bitcoiners - Save $40  ORANGE PILL APP - https://signup.theorangepillapp.com/opa/princey SWAN BITCOIN -  www.swan.com/bitten  RELAI - www.relai.me/Bitten Use Code BITTEN BITBOX - https://bitbox.shop/?ref=BITTEN Use Code BITTEN HODL HODL - https://hodlhodl.com/join/BITTEN  WASABI WALLET - https://www.wasabiwallet.io/ MEMPOOL - https://mempool.space/ BITCOIN ADVISOR - https://content.thebitcoinadviser.com/bitten KONSENSUS NETWORK - Buy bitcoin books in different languages.  Use code BITTEN for 10% discount - https://bitcoinbook.shop?ref=bitten  SEEDOR STEEL PLATE BACK-UP - @seedor_io use the code BITTEN for a 5% discount. www.seedor.io/BITTEN STACKING SAT http://stackinsat.com/signup/?r=Bitten SATSBACK - Shop online and earn back sats! https://satsback.com/register/5AxjyPRZV8PNJGlM  HEATBIT - Home Bitcoin mining - https://www.heatbit.com/?ref=DANIELPRINCE - Use code BITTEN. CRYPTOTAG STEEL PLATE BACK-UP https://cryptotag.io -  USE CODE BITTEN for 10% discount. CONFERENCES: BTC PRAGUE. @BTCPrague 13th -15th June 2024. Use code BITTEN for a 10% discount. https://www.btcprague.com/ticket-types/ 

Staring death in the face, Croesus channels his inner sage, and saves his own life.

This 2020 episode shares the story of the ridiculously wealthy Croesus, which was likely fictionalized in a number of ways. It has become sort of a cautionary tale about pride and hubris, and what really has value in life.See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Josh & Dan are joined by Jesse Myers. Jesse is now the COO of Bitcoin Asset Management Platform Onramp. In this hour these three cover best practices for protecting large sums of real Bitcoin, and they also unpack potentially bullish headwinds surrounding current Bitcoin market dynamics. THIS EPISODE EXPLORES... Why Dan & Josh are basically Navy Seals What self custody has to do with Firefighter RIT Training Mult-Institutional Custody Bitcoin redefining how humans custody assets How the Yuppie Elite view BTC Why the magnitude of Bitcoin makes it hard to explain BLUE COLLAR BITCOIN PODCAST DISCLAIMER HERE  Watch video of this chat on YouTube here SHOW SPONSORS: SWAN — The place we choose to buy Bitcoin. Dollar-cost average daily, weekly or monthly with a company that's Bitcoin only and encourages you to hold your own private keys. Visit Swan.com. For Swan PREMIUM FREE click HERE and use PASSWORD: bluecollarbitcoin COINKITE — code BCB for discount on ColdCard. Industry leaders in Bitcoin security hardware and fun devices, makers of the COLDCARD and other prominent items including opendime, satscard, tapsigner, the seedplate, coldpower, blockclock mini & blockclock micro. All available at coinkite.com BITCOIN 2024 — code BCB for 10% off tickets. Happening in Nashville July 25-27 2024, Get tickets early and get the best price possible! Visit b.tc/conference ITEMS MENTIONED Onramp  “How Best to Describe Bitcoin” by Jesse Myers “The Internet of Money” by Andreas Antonopoulos SUPPORT THE BCB PODCAST: Podcast 2.0 streaming on our favorite pod app, Fountain: You can earn & stream sats on Lightning Network while listening to pods! Also, share and listen to standout clips with the Fountain community. SOCIAL MEDIA X → find Josh & Dan @blue_collarbtc, find Jesse @Croesus_BTC NOSTR → Blue Collar Bitcoin Pub Key: npub1a3hrd4wfawr578d5y5l0qgmh7lx8q6tumfq0h7eymmttt52veexqkcfg37 YouTube → Subscribe Here Instagram & TikTok → find them on our website EMAIL: Send questions or comments to bluecollarbitcoinpodcast@gmail.com

Cyrus uses the power of camels to defeat Croesus, and a botched prophecy allows him to capture Sardis. Plus, Spartan hair styles!

Herodotus tells us Croesus gave a bunch of nice things to Delphi and the other oracle. Many of the items were still seen in his day. That is why the Greeks said Rich as Croesus…The oracle famously tells Croesus that if he attacks the Persians he will destroy a mighty empire. LOL. But also to make an ally of whoever was the most powerful of the Greeks.Which great empire will prevail when the two power houses go up against each other? This is a podcast by Dan Hörning and Bernie Maopolski.If you like what we do you can support the Fan of History project on https://www.patreon.com/fanofhistoryContact information:http://facebook.com/fanofhistoryhttps://twitter.com/danhorninghttps://www.instagram.com/dan_horning/Music: “Tudor Theme” by urmymuse.Used here under a commercial Creative Commons license. Find out more at http://ccmixter.org/files/urmymuse/40020 Support the show and listen ad-free to all of the episodes! Click here (remove the dot at the end for a working URL): https://plus.acast.com/s/history. Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

Timestamps: 0:00 The Croesus of tech news 0:09 Microsoft most valuable company 2:03 4090 black market in China 3:42 Vision Pro analyzed by vox populi 5:22 Vessi 6:03 INTRO TO THE QUICK BITS 6:11 "Real pictures don't exist" - Samsung exec 6:52 $25m deepfake video call 7:35 Bambu 3D printer recall 8:10 SLIM is alive (for now) 8:48 CPU built in Microsoft Excel News Sources: https://lmg.gg/XL373 Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Why Not To Buy #Bitcoin ETF's. $ BTC 45,731 Block Height 825,168 Today's guest on the show is @Croesus_BTC who joins me to talk about why he founded @OnrampBitcoin - A bitcoin asset management platform built on multi-institution custody. What is multi-institution custody and why should Plebs be looking at all of their Self-Custody options? Could there be another 6102 attack on #Bitcoin plebs and if so how do you prepare for that? What options are at hand for you to be able to avoid a 5-dollar wrench or torture attack? Why should you NOT buy a #Bitcoin ETF? A huge thank you to @Croesus_BTC for all his work in the #Bitcoin space, check out @OnrampBitcoin here - https://onrampbitcoin.com/ ALL LINKS HERE - FOR DISCOUNTS AND OFFERS -  https://vida.page/princey - https://linktr.ee/princey21m Pleb Service Announcements. @orangepillapp That's it, that's the announcement. https://signup.theorangepillapp.com/opa/princey Thank you: @swanbitcoin @relai_app @ShiftCryptoHQ @wasabiwallet @hodlhodl @mempool @KonsensusN for your trust and support.  Support the pods via @fountain_app  https://play.fountain.fm/show/2oJTnUm5VKs3xmSVdf5n   Shills and Mench's: ORANGE PILL APP - https://signup.theorangepillapp.com/opa/princey SWAN BITCOIN -  www.swan.com/bitten  RELAI - www.relai.me/Bitten Use Code BITTEN BITBOX - www.bitbox.swiss/bitten Use Code BITTEN HODL HODL - https://hodlhodl.com/join/BITTEN  WASABI WALLET - https://www.wasabiwallet.io/ MEMPOOL - https://mempool.space/ KONSENSUS NETWORK - Buy bitcoin books in different languages.  Use code BITTEN for 10% discount - bitcoinbook.shop/discount/BITTEN STACKING SAT http://stackinsat.com/signup/?r=Bitten SATSBACK - Shop online and earn back sats! https://satsback.com/register/5AxjyPRZV8PNJGlM  HEATBIT - Home Bitcoin mining - https://www.heatbit.com/?ref=DANIELPRINCE - Use code BITTEN. CONFERENCES: BITCOIN ATLANTIS - @BitcoinAtlantis - @FREEMadeiraOrg - 1st -3rd March 2024. Use code BITTEN for a 10% discount on all ticket purchases. https://bitcoinatlantis.com/

FTX and Bank Collapses, FASB Accounting, ETF's and much MOAR. $ BTC 42,522 Block Height 823,734 Today's guests on the show are Jesse Myers and Andy Edstrom who join me to talk about the year of 2023 and #bitcoin. @Croesus_BTC @EdstromAndrew What went down in '23, other than FTX and several US and european banks? Why does @edstromandrew insist on making price predictions and will @Croesus_BTC get to improve his golf swing next year? What will new accounting rules mean for #Bitcoin adoption across publicly listed companies globally and how many announcements will be made in '24? A huge thank you to @croesus_BTC and @EdstromAndrew for coming on the show and their continued effort to educate as many people about #bitcoin as they can! ALL LINKS HERE - FOR DISCOUNTS AND OFFERS -  https://vida.page/princey - https://linktr.ee/princey21m Pleb Service Announcements. @orangepillapp That's it, that's the announcement. https://signup.theorangepillapp.com/opa/princey Thank you: @swanbitcoin @relai_app @ShiftCryptoHQ @wasabiwallet @hodlhodl @mempool @KonsensusN for your trust and support.  Support the pods via @fountain_app  https://play.fountain.fm/show/2oJTnUm5VKs3xmSVdf5n   Shills and Mench's: ORANGE PILL APP - https://signup.theorangepillapp.com/opa/princey SWAN BITCOIN -  www.swan.com/bitten  RELAI - www.relai.me/Bitten Use Code BITTEN BITBOX - www.bitbox.swiss/bitten Use Code BITTEN HODL HODL - https://hodlhodl.com/join/BITTEN  WASABI WALLET - https://www.wasabiwallet.io/ MEMPOOL - https://mempool.space/ KONSENSUS NETWORK - Buy bitcoin books in different languages.  Use code BITTEN for 10% discount - bitcoinbook.shop/discount/BITTEN STACKING SAT http://stackinsat.com/signup/?r=Bitten SATSBACK - Shop online and earn back sats! https://satsback.com/register/5AxjyPRZV8PNJGlM  HEATBIT - Home Bitcoin mining - https://www.heatbit.com/?ref=DANIELPRINCE - Use code BITTEN. CONFERENCES: BITCOIN ATLANTIS - @BitcoinAtlantis - @FREEMadeiraOrg - 1st -3rd March 2024. Use code BITTEN for a 10% discount on all ticket purchases. https://bitcoinatlantis.com/

Former MicroStrategy CEO Michael Saylor expects the Bitcoin price to hit $10 million per coin, highlighting an analysis by Croesus, Saylor noted that the crypto analyst had made a compelling case for the $10,000,000 BTC price valuation. MicroStrategy also announced buying $147.3 million worth of Bitcoin and now holds 158,245 BTC on their balance sheet. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

The kingdoms of Iron Age Anatolia survive only as whispers in the archaeological and historical record; others exist through enigmatic references and legends in the writings of foreigners; and still others left behind relatively abundant records, allowing us to reconstruct a thriving world of states that have been almost totally forgotten.Patrick's book is now available! Get The Verge: Reformation, Renaissance, and Forty Years that Shook the World in hardcopy, ebook, or audiobook (read by Patrick) here: https://bit.ly/PWverge. And check out Patrick's new podcast The Pursuit of Dadliness! It's all about “Dad Culture,” and Patrick will interview some fascinating guests about everything from tall wooden ships to smoked meats to comfortable sneakers to history, sports, culture, and politics. https://bit.ly/PWtPoDListen to new episodes 1 week early, to exclusive seasons 1 and 2, and to all episodes ad free with Wondery+. Join Wondery+ for exclusives, binges, early access, and ad free listening. Available in the Wondery App https://wondery.app.link/tidesofhistorySee Privacy Policy at https://art19.com/privacy and California Privacy Notice at https://art19.com/privacy#do-not-sell-my-info.

Bernie och Dan talk about Croesus, king of Lydia, and his impact on Middle East politics. The Lydian king has to juggle relations with the Medes, the Babylonians and also - to the west - the greek cities. This unique position gives him many opportunities to increase his wealth. Also they recently invented coinage as we talked about in an earlier episode. This is a podcast by Dan Hörning and Bernie Maopolski.If you like what we do you can support the Fan of History project on https://www.patreon.com/fanofhistoryContact information: http://facebook.com/fanofhistoryhttps://twitter.com/danhorninghttps://www.instagram.com/dan_horning/Music: “Tudor Theme” by urmymuse. Used here under a commercial Creative Commons license. Find out more at http://ccmixter.org/files/urmymuse/40020 Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

Kvothe's delicate fingers detect a strange carving on the box. We talk about the box's composition, return to the eternal question of what's in the box, and learn a bit of arboriculture.

"Since 1800, in 51 out of 52 cases where a country's debt-to-GDP ratio reached 130%, the country eventually defaulted. The only exception is current Japan, who is frankly in the final stages of circling the drain (e.g., central bank asset purchases and yield curve control). Where is the US now? 129% debt-to-GDP." — Jesse Myers Don't miss this excellent breakdown and visual analogy for the state of government debt and the promises of the US Treasury and the impossibility of a stable or growing value of the dollar in the future. The debt will be paid, in nominal terms, but the ability to hide the value loss in inflation overseas, is not holding up. Then add to this the BRICS nations establishing an eastern block of economic and monetary power... and you have a recipe for fire. Hope you aren't invested in wood... Check out the article and the many other great links mentioned in the show: The Bondholder's Burning Platform - by Jesse Myers: https://www.onceinaspecies.com/p/the-bondholders-burning-platform The Capital Strip Mine: https://open.spotify.com/episode/6ifbWDnYHRGxrhd1NPv4BS?si=4da8844065a74db1 Read_587 - Bitcoin & The American West: https://open.spotify.com/episode/0yEVCnBkTHT4IL01hEwTGe?si=c131120a77d34283 Read_512 - Why The Yuppie Elite Dismiss Bitcoin: https://open.spotify.com/episode/0opbypclyNDF1GtwiL6Nbo?si=7d426c81415a43b8 A huge thanks to our sponsors, and don't forget to check out the offers for the listeners of this show! • Code BITCOINAUDIBLE gets 9% off the ColdCard! https://bitcoinaudible.com/coldcard⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠ • Debit card with Sats Back on EVERYTHING: bitcoinaudible.com/fold ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠• Buy Bitcoin at https://swanbitcoin.com/guy ------------------------------- "All that is gold does not glitter, Not all those who wander are lost." — J.R.R. Tolkien --- Send in a voice message: https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/bitcoinaudible/message

Croesus makes his opening move against the Persians—guess how well that goes? Plus cannibalism, a solar eclipse, and ancient hydraulics.

Jesse Myers, aka Croesus (Stanford MBA, prolific author, and COO of Onramp Bitcoin) stops by BCB for a 3rd time to explore Bitcoin's full valuation potential and the unignorable “number go up” mechanics behind this remarkable protocol. WE COVER: How much value could Bitcoin accrue? How important are the halvings moving forward? Sovereign debt dynamics and the fiscal rock & a hard place The consequences of chorizo & steak tacos BCB Pod disclaimer here Watch video of this chat on YouTube here ITEMS MENTIONED: Once In A Species (Jesse's Substack) (https://www.onceinaspecies.com/) Onramp Bitcoin (https://www.onrampbitcoin.com/) BCB078: Jesse Myers (Croesus): The 1st 1% of Bitcoin Adoption (https://www.bluecollarbitcoin.io/podcast/episode/c18ff034/bcb078_croesus-jesse-myers-the-first-1-of-bitcoin-adoption) BCB024: CROESUS: Bitcoin, a Once In a Species Discovery (https://www.bluecollarbitcoin.io/podcast/episode/c968f6cc/bcb024_croesus-bitcoin-a-once-in-a-species-discovery) SHOW SPONSORS: SWAN — The place we choose to buy Bitcoin. Dollar cost average daily, weekly or monthly with a company that's Bitcoin only and encourages you to hold your own private keys. Visit Swan.com. For Swan PREMIUM FREE go to https://www.swanbitcoin.com/premium/blue-collar-bitcoin-experience-swan-premium-for-free/ and use PASSWORD: bluecollarbitcoin BITCOIN 2024: promo code “BCB24” for 10% off tickets. Happening in Nashville July 25-27 2024, Get tickets early and get the best price possible! Visit b.tc/conference COINKITE — PROMO CODE “BCB” for discount on ColdCard. Industry leaders in Bitcoin security hardware and fun devices, makers of the COLDCARD and other prominent items including opendime, satscard, tapsigner, the seedplate, coldpower, blockclock mini & blockclock micro. All available at coinkite.com START9 — Sovereign computing. Take back control of your data. Run a Bitcoin & Lightning node. Embassy One: A small uncompromising personal server, capable of running BTC Core. Embassy Pro: The most powerful, secure, and reliable private server in the world. Visit Start9.com CROWDHEALTH BTC — Use CODE BLUE to get 1st 3 months massively reduced at $49/month. Harness the Power of Bitcoin + Health Care. Join other Bitcoiners on a crowdfunding platform while accumulating Bitcoin in the process. Bitcoin specific crowd joincrowdhealth.com/bitcoin SUPPORT THE BCB PODCAST: Podcast 2.0 streaming on our favorite pod app, Fountain: You can earn & stream sats on Lightning Network while listening to pods! Also share and listen to standout clips with the Fountain community. SOCIAL MEDIA Twitter: you can follow us @blue_collarbtc, follow Jess Myers @Croesus_BTC Blue Collar Bitcoin on NOSTR: npub1a3hrd4wfawr578d5y5l0qgmh7lx8q6tumfq0h7eymmttt52veexqkcfg37 Video on YouTube, Subscribe Here EMAIL: Send questions or comments to bluecollarbitcoinpodcast@gmail.com

BTC $ 27,542 Block Height 789,043 Today's guests on the show are the dynamic duo @edstromandrew - @Croesus_BTC who join me for another Macro Monthly rundown of what has been going on in wider financial markets and how that affects #Bitcoin. What has @edstromandrew - @Croesus_BTC been up to lately and where are they concentrating their time? Can we help educate more people about the #Bitcoin halving and why that's so important? What has been going on in the Banking sector and why is nobody talking about it? What is the CAGR of #bitcoin and do we get back to 200% ? A huge thank you to @edstromandrew - @Croesus_BTC for their continued work in the #bitcoin space and for sharing their thoughts again. ALL LINKS HERE - FOR DISCOUNTS AND OFFERS - https://vida.page/princey - https://linktr.ee/princey21m Pleb Service Announcements. @orangepillapp That's it, that's the announcement. The Toxic Happy Hour Pleb Party is BACK - this time in Miami 18th May from 5PM - Midnight.https://www.eventbrite.com/e/anders-pubby-toxic-happy-hour-pleb-party-miami-brought-to-you-by-swancom-tickets-478687135107 Thank you: @coincorner @swanbitcoin @relai_app @ShiftCryptoHQ @wasabiwallet @hodlhodl for your trust and support.  Support the pods via @fountain_app  https://play.fountain.fm/show/2oJTnUm5VKs3xmSVdf5n   Shills and Mench's: WASABI WALLET - https://www.wasabiwallet.io/ SWAN BITCOIN www.swanbitcoin.com/bitten RELAI APP relai.me/bitten USE CODE - REL727- RELAI DESKTOP https://relai.app/bitten - USE CODE - REL727- SHIFTCRYPTO http://shiftcrypto.ch/bitten Use Code BITTEN COINCORNER https://www.coincorner.com/social/bitten  HODL HODL - https://hodlhodl.com/join/BITTEN  CONFERENCES: BALTIC HONEY BADGER - https://baltichoneybadger.com/buy-tickets BITCOIN MIAMI -  https://b.tc/conference - Use Code  - BITTEN - for a 10% discount. @TheBitcoinConf BTC PRAGUE - www.BTCprague.com USE CODE - BITTEN - For a 10% discount. @BtcPrague Liberty In Our Lifetime - Hosted by Free Cities Foundation. www.libertyinourlifetime.org - @LibertyIOL @freecitiesfound Use code BITTEN for a 10% discount. BITCOIN RESERVE - www.bitcoinreserve.com/bitten SATSBACK - Shop online and earn back sats! https://satsback.com/register/5AxjyPRZV8PNJGlM  UNGOVERNABLE MISFITS - Radical uncensored streetwear - https://ungovernablemisfits.com/?um=bitten  Use code ‘bitten' for your 10% discount. KONSENSUS NETWORK - Buy bitcoin books in different languages. Use code BITTEN for 10% discount -bitcoinbook.shop/discount/BITTEN HEATBIT - Home Bitcoin mining - https://www.heatbit.com/?ref=DANIELPRINCE - Use code BITTEN.

Jesse Myers is a Bitcoin maximalist also known as Croesus. The Stanford MBA who used to work at Bain & Company is a Fund Manager at Protocol Capital, a Bitcoin-only investment fund. He writes Bitcoin-focused articles at "Once-in-a-Species" https://jessemyers.substack.com/   Follow Jesse on Twitter https://twitter.com/Croesus_BTC    Partners: -Coin Stories is powered by Swan Bitcoin the best way to build your Bitcoin stack with automated Bitcoin savings plans and instant purchases. Swan serves clients of any size, from $10 to $10M+. Visit https://www.swanbitcoin.com/nataliebrunell for $10 in Bitcoin when you sign up. If you are planning to buy more than $100,000 of Bitcoin over the next year, the Swan Private team can help. -BITCOIN 2023 by Bitcoin Magazine will be the biggest Bitcoin event in history May 18-20 in Miami Beach. Speakers include Michael Saylor, Lyn Alden and Michelle Phan, plus a Day 3 music festival. Nearly 30,000 people attended Bitcoin 2022. Get an early bird pass at a steep discount at https://b.tc/conference code HODL for 10% off your pass. -Fold is the best Bitcoin rewards debit card and shopping app in the world! Earn Bitcoin on everything you purchase with Fold's Bitcoin cash back debit card, and spin the Daily Wheel to earn free Bitcoin. Head to https://www.foldapp.com/natalie for 5,000 in free sats! -Health insurance needs an overhaul. The government and insurance companies have jacked the price, increased complexity, and made insurance almost unusable. You send your money to the health insurance black hole and never see it again. Then, when you get hurt you have to send them more money. The great news is now you have an alternative: CrowdHealth. It's totally different from insurance. Instead of sending your hard earned money to an insurance company, you hold your money in an account CrowdHealth helps you set up when you join. You can even convert dollars in that account into Bitcoin. When someone in the community has a health need, you help them out directly and if there is Bitcoin or $ left over in your account when you leave, you take it with you. https://www.joincrowdhealth.com/natalie  -With iTrustCapital you can invest in crypto without worrying about taxes or fees, through an individual retirement account. IRAs are tax-sheltered accounts, which means all your crypto trading is tax-free and can even grow tax-free over time. The best part is it's totally free to open an account, and there are no hidden fees, monthly subscriptions or membership fees. Your account is FDIC insured up to $250,000. Get a $100 funding bonus if you open and fund an account. Go to https://itrust.capital/nataliebrunell to learn more and open a free account.   OTHER RESOURCES  Natalie's website https://talkingbitcoin.com/ - Jesse Myers "Once-in-a-Species" https://jessemyers.substack.com/ VALUE FOR VALUE — SUPPORT NATALIE'S SHOWS Strike ID https://strike.me/coinstoriesnat/ Cash App $CoinStories BTC wallet bc1ql8dqjp46s4eq9k3lxt0lxzh6f2wcu35cl6944d FOLLOW NATALIE ON SOCIAL MEDIA Twitter https://twitter.com/natbrunell  Instagram https://www.instagram.com/nataliebrunell  Linkedin https://www.linkedin.com/in/nataliebrunell Producer: Aron Bender https://www.linkedin.com/in/aron-bender/ DISCLAIMER This show is for entertainment purposes only and does not give financial advice. Before making any decisions consult a professional.   #bitcoin #cryptocurrency #money

BTC $ 22,411 Block Height 779,702 Today's guests on the show are your boi's @Croesus_BTC - @edstromandrew who join me to take a look at the Silvergate Bank story and what it could mean for the broader CrYpTo Space. Who sits on the board of Silvergate, have there been some revolving doors and as a Federal Reserve Member Bank will they be allowed to go under? What does Microstrategy's recent announcement about their loan from Silvergate mean and should they be worried in any way? Why are you not bullish enough on #Bitcoin and will Wall Street Degen Bro's start a slew of derivative markets around #Bitcoin metrics? A huge thank you to @Croesus_BTC - @edstromandrew for returning to the show, I am already looking forward to the next Macro Monthly! ALL LINKS HERE - FOR DISCOUNTS AND OFFERS - https://vida.page/princey - https://linktr.ee/princey21m Pleb Service Announcement. @orangepillapp That's it, that's the announcement. Thank you: @coincorner @swanbitcoin @relai_app @ShiftCryptoHQ @wasabiwallet @hodlhodl for your trust and support. Support the pods via @fountain_app https://play.fountain.fm/show/2oJTnUm5VKs3xmSVdf5n Shills and Mench's: WASABI WALLET - https://www.wasabiwallet.io/ SWAN BITCOIN www.swanbitcoin.com/bitten RELAI APP relai.me/bitten USE CODE - REL727- RELAI DESKTOP https://relai.app/bitten - USE CODE - REL727- SHIFTCRYPTO http://shiftcrypto.ch/bitten Use Code BITTEN COINCORNER https://www.coincorner.com/social/bitten HODL HODL - https://hodlhodl.com/join/BITTEN CONFERENCES: BITCOIN MIAMI - https://b.tc/conference - Use Code - BITTEN - for a 10% discount. @TheBitcoinConf BTC PRAGUE - www.BTCprague.com USE CODE - BITTEN - For a 10% discount. @BtcPrague Liberty In Our Lifetime - Hosted by Free Cities Foundation. https://lifetimeliberty.com/ - @LibertyIOL @freecitiesfound BITCOIN RESERVE - www.bitcoinreserve.com/bitten SATSBACK - Shop online and earn back sats! https://satsback.com/register/5AxjyPRZV8PNJGlM UNGOVERNABLE MISFITS - Radical uncensored streetwear - https://ungovernablemisfits.com/?um=bitten Use code ‘bitten' for your 10% discount. KONSENSUS NETWORK - Buy bitcoin books in different languages. Use code BITTEN for 10% discount -https://konsensus.network?ref=bitten HEATBIT - Home Bitcoin mining - https://www.heatbit.com/?ref=DANIELPRINCE - Use code BITTEN.

Hosts: Shane, Tanis, and Zant Incendiary shot has been fixed and it’s a bug fix, not a nerf. We detail why it should be thought of as such. Also, auras can be paused and Croesus get tweaked. The Forinthry Frontier Yak Track also arrives and we detail what a 70-task Yak Track means. For detailed show notes visit update.rsbandb.com. You can also check out the forums for detailed discussion on each episode.Duration: 1:32:07

"But for me, when I think about what Bitcoin's properties are as a store-of-value asset and then compare those properties to the existing store-of-value assets out there… Bitcoin is by far the best.  For that matter, if Bitcoin continues to outperform because of its unparalleled properties (and the world begins to come to terms with the reasons for that performance), it is a real stretch to say that Bitcoin will only convince 30% of the money stored in bonds and fiat money to re-allocate to Bitcoin. Particularly because of the scale of inflationary money printing that will be necessary over the coming decade to service the mounting national debts and unfunded liabilities throughout the world." – Croesus Sure we are going to the moon... but how high might that be exactly? As a fun follow up to Aleks Svetski's "Three Generations" until we reach a Bitcoin world, let's have a little fun at imagining just how much wealth could be built in those generations. Check out the original for the tables and estimates that will let you explore yourself what potential market makes since to you. Plus the many other links provided for Croesus's other writings: https://jessemyers.substack.com/p/bitcoins-full-potential-valuation Guy's Nostr Pubkey: npub1h8nk2346qezka5cpm8jjh3yl5j88pf4ly2ptu7s6uu55wcfqy0wq36rpev Check out details on the Swan IRA! Don't forget to check out our amazing sponsors: • Dive into the Bitcoin only wallet, the cypherpunk calculator, with the NEW Coldcard Q1! A company that has built secure Bitcoin products for nearly a decade. Code BITCOINAUDIBLE gets 9% off the ColdCard! (https://bitcoinaudible.com/coldcard) • Gets sats back every time you dump fiat at a store, to pay your bills, everything in your fiat life pays you sats with the Fold Debit Card and FoldApp. 20,000 FREE SATS! at (https://bitcoinaudible.com/fold) • The best place to onboard a true Bitcoiner - Stack sats automatically, withdraw automatically, and learn or get help from the best team of Bitcoiners out there with Swan Bitcoin. (https://swanbitcoin.com/guy) ------------------------------- "Admittedly, monetary calculation has its inconveniences and serious defects, but we have certainly nothing better to put in its place, and for the practical purposes of life monetary calcu- lation as it exists under a sound monetary system always suf- fices. Were we to dispense with it, any economic system of cal- culation would become absolutely impossible." – Ludwig Von Mises Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices