Podcasts about aids/hiv

艾滋病（AIDS）是一种全球性健康挑战，由人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）引起。近年来，中国的艾滋病防控形势日益严峻。根据最新统计，截至2024年6月30日，中国现存活艾滋病感染者和患者总数已超过132.9万例，超过美国的约120万例。1月2日，国家药监局宣布，吉利德科学的“来那帕韦”正式在中国获批上市。这款新药只需半年打一针，临床试验显示可以100%预防艾滋病毒感染，也可以与其他抗反转录病毒药物联合使用，治疗多重耐药的1型人类免疫缺陷病毒感染，艾滋病的防治又增加一个利器。

Dr. Gary Null provides a commentary on "Universal  Healthcare"       Universal Healthcare is the Solution to a Broken Medical System Gary Null, PhD Progressive Radio Network, March 3, 2025 For over 50 years, there has been no concerted or successful effort to bring down medical costs in the American healthcare system. Nor are the federal health agencies making disease prevention a priority. Regardless whether the political left or right sponsors proposals for reform, such measures are repeatedly defeated by both parties in Congress. As a result, the nation's healthcare system remains one of the most expensive and least efficient in the developed world. For the past 30 years, medical bills contributing to personal debt regularly rank among the top three causes of personal bankruptcy. This is a reality that reflects not only the financial strain on ordinary Americans but the systemic failure of the healthcare system itself. The urgent question is: If President Trump and his administration are truly seeking to reduce the nation's $36 trillion deficit, why is there no serious effort to reform the most bloated and corrupt sector of the economy? A key obstacle is the widespread misinformation campaign that falsely claims universal health care would cost an additional $2 trillion annually and further balloon the national debt. However, a more honest assessment reveals the opposite. If the US adopted a universal single-payer system, the nation could actually save up to $20 trillion over the next 10 years rather than add to the deficit. Even with the most ambitious efforts by people like Elon Musk to rein in federal spending or optimize government efficiency, the estimated savings would only amount to $500 billion. This is only a fraction of what could be achieved through comprehensive healthcare reform alone. Healthcare is the largest single expenditure of the federal budget. A careful examination of where the $5 trillion spent annually on healthcare actually goes reveals massive systemic fraud and inefficiency. Aside from emergency medicine, which accounts for only 10-12 percent of total healthcare expenditures, the bulk of this spending does not deliver better health outcomes nor reduce trends in physical and mental illness. Applying Ockham's Razor, the principle that the simplest solution is often the best, the obvious conclusion is that America's astronomical healthcare costs are the direct result of price gouging on an unimaginable scale. For example, in most small businesses, profit margins range between 1.6 and 2.5 percent, such as in grocery retail. Yet the pharmaceutical industrial complex routinely operates on markup rates as high as 150,000 percent for many prescription drugs. The chart below highlights the astronomical gap between the retail price of some top-selling patented pharmaceutical medications and their generic equivalents. Drug Condition Patent Price (per unit) Generic Price Estimated Manufacture Cost Markup Source Insulin (Humalog) Diabetes $300 $30 $3 10,000% Rand (2021) EpiPen Allergic reactions $600 $30 $10 6,000% BMJ (2022) Daraprim Toxoplasmosis $750/pill $2 $0.50 150,000% JAMA (2019) Harvoni Hepatitis C $94,500 (12 weeks) $30,000 $200 47,000% WHO Report (2018) Lipitor Cholesterol $150 $10 $0.50 29,900% Health Affairs (2020) Xarelto Blood Thinner $450 $25 $1.50 30,000% NEJM (2020) Abilify Schizophrenia $800 (30 tablets) $15 $2 39,900% AJMC (2019) Revlimid Cancer $16,000/mo $450 $150 10,500% Kaiser Health News (2021) Humira Arthritis $2,984/dose $400 $50 5,868% Rand (2021) Sovaldi Hepatitis C $1,000/pill $10 $2 49,900% JAMA (2021) Xolair Asthma $2,400/dose $300 $50 4,800% NEJM (2020) Gleevec Leukemia $10,000/mo $350 $200 4,900% Harvard Public Health Review (2020) OxyContin Pain Relief $600 (30 tablets) $15 $0.50 119,900% BMJ (2022) Remdesivir Covid-19 $3,120 (5 doses) N/A $10 31,100% The Lancet (2020) The corruption extends far beyond price gouging. Many pharmaceutical companies convince federal health agencies to fund their basic research and drug development with taxpayer dollars. Yet when these companies bring successful products to market, the profits are kept entirely by the corporations or shared with the agencies or groups of government scientists. On the other hand, the public, who funded the research, receives no financial return. This amounts to a systemic betrayal of the public trust on a scale of hundreds of billions of dollars annually. Another significant contributor to rising healthcare costs is the widespread practice of defensive medicine that is driven by the constant threat of litigation. Over the past 40 years, defensive medicine has become a cottage industry. Physicians order excessive diagnostic tests and unnecessary treatments simply to protect themselves from lawsuits. Study after study has shown that these over-performed procedures not only inflate costs but lead to iatrogenesis or medical injury and death caused by the medical  system and practices itself. The solution is simple: adopting no-fault healthcare coverage for everyone where patients receive care without needing to sue and thereby freeing doctors from the burden of excessive malpractice insurance. A single-payer universal healthcare system could fundamentally transform the entire industry by capping profits at every level — from drug manufacturers to hospitals to medical equipment suppliers. The Department of Health and Human Services would have the authority to set profit margins for medical procedures. This would ensure that healthcare is determined by outcomes, not profits. Additionally, the growing influence of private equity firms and vulture capitalists buying up hospitals and medical clinics across America must be reined in. These equity firms prioritize profit extraction over improving the quality of care. They often slash staff, raise prices, and dictate medical procedures based on what will yield the highest returns. Another vital reform would be to provide free medical education for doctors and nurses in exchange for five years of service under the universal system. Medical professionals would earn a realistic salary cap to prevent them from being lured into equity partnerships or charging exorbitant rates. The biggest single expense in the current system, however, is the private health insurance industry, which consumes 33 percent of the $5 trillion healthcare budget. Health insurance CEOs consistently rank among the highest-paid executives in the country. Their companies, who are nothing more than bean counters, decide what procedures and drugs will be covered, partially covered, or denied altogether. This entire industry is designed to place profits above patients' lives. If the US dismantled its existing insurance-based system and replaced it with a fully reformed national healthcare model, the country could save $2.7 trillion annually while simultaneously improving health outcomes. Over the course of 10 years, those savings would amount to $27 trillion. This could wipe out nearly the entire national debt in a short time. This solution has been available for decades but has been systematically blocked by corporate lobbying and bipartisan corruption in Washington. The path forward is clear but only if American citizens demand a system where healthcare is valued as a public service and not a commodity. The national healthcare crisis is not just a fiscal issue. It is a crucial moral failure of the highest order. With the right reforms, the nation could simultaneously restore its financial health and deliver the kind of healthcare system its citizens have long deserved. American Healthcare: Corrupt, Broken and Lethal Richard Gale and Gary Null Progressive Radio Network, March 3, 2025 For a nation that prides itself on being the world's wealthiest, most innovative and technologically advanced, the US' healthcare system is nothing less than a disaster and disgrace. Not only are Americans the least healthy among the most developed nations, but the US' health system ranks dead last among high-income countries. Despite rising costs and our unshakeable faith in American medical exceptionalism, average life expectancy in the US has remained lower than other OECD nations for many years and continues to decline. The United Nations recognizes healthcare as a human right. In 2018, former UN Secretary General Ban Ki-moon denounced the American healthcare system as "politically and morally wrong." During the pandemic it is estimated that two to three years was lost on average life expectancy. On the other hand, before the Covid-19 pandemic, countries with universal healthcare coverage found their average life expectancy stable or slowly increasing. The fundamental problem in the U.S. is that politics have been far too beholden to the pharmaceutical, HMO and private insurance industries. Neither party has made any concerted effort to reign in the corruption of corporate campaign funding and do what is sensible, financially feasible and morally correct to improve Americans' quality of health and well-being.   The fact that our healthcare system is horribly broken is proof that moneyed interests have become so powerful to keep single-payer debate out of the media spotlight and censored. Poll after poll shows that the American public favors the expansion of public health coverage. Other incremental proposals, including Medicare and Medicaid buy-in plans, are also widely preferred to the Affordable Care Act or Obamacare mess we are currently stuck with.   It is not difficult to understand how the dismal state of American medicine is the result of a system that has been sold out to the free-market and the bottom line interests of drug makers and an inflated private insurance industry. How advanced and ethically sound can a healthcare system be if tens of millions of people have no access to medical care because it is financially out of their reach?  The figures speak for themselves. The U.S. is burdened with a $41 trillion Medicare liability. The number of uninsured has declined during the past several years but still lingers around 25 million. An additional 30-35 million are underinsured. There are currently 65 million Medicare enrollees and 89 million Medicaid recipients. This is an extremely unhealthy snapshot of the country's ability to provide affordable healthcare and it is certainly unsustainable. The system is a public economic failure, benefiting no one except the large and increasingly consolidated insurance and pharmaceutical firms at the top that supervise the racket.   Our political parties have wrestled with single-payer or universal healthcare for decades. Obama ran his first 2008 presidential campaign on a single-payer platform. Since 1985, his campaign health adviser, the late Dr. Quentin Young from the University of Illinois Medical School, was one of the nation's leading voices calling for universal health coverage.  During a private conversation with Dr. Young shortly before his passing in 2016, he conveyed his sense of betrayal at the hands of the Obama administration. Dr. Young was in his 80s when he joined the Obama campaign team to help lead the young Senator to victory on a promise that America would finally catch up with other nations. The doctor sounded defeated. He shared how he was manipulated, and that Obama held no sincere intention to make universal healthcare a part of his administration's agenda. During the closed-door negotiations, which spawned the weak and compromised Affordable Care Act, Dr. Young was neither consulted nor invited to participate. In fact, he told us that he never heard from Obama again after his White House victory.   Past efforts to even raise the issue have been viciously attacked. A huge army of private interests is determined to keep the public enslaved to private insurers and high medical costs. The failure of our healthcare is in no small measure due to it being a fully for-profit operation. Last year, private health insurance accounted for 65 percent of coverage. Consider that there are over 900 private insurance companies in the US. National Health Expenditures (NHE) grew to $4.5 trillion in 2022, which was 17.3 percent of GDP. Older corporate rank-and-file Democrats and Republicans argue that a single-payer or socialized medical program is unaffordable. However, not only is single-payer affordable, it will end bankruptcies due to unpayable medical debt. In addition, universal healthcare, structured on a preventative model, will reduce disease rates at the outset.    Corporate Democrats argue that Obama's Affordable Care Act (ACA) was a positive step inching the country towards complete public coverage. However, aside from providing coverage to the poorest of Americans, Obamacare turned into another financial anchor around the necks of millions more. According to the health policy research group KFF, the average annual health insurance premium for single coverage is $8,400 and almost $24,000 for a family. In addition, patient out-of-pocket costs continue to increase, a 6.6% increase to $471 billion in 2022. Rather than healthcare spending falling, it has exploded, and the Trump and Biden administrations made matters worse.    Clearly, a universal healthcare program will require flipping the script on the entire private insurance industry, which employed over half a million people last year.  Obviously, the most volatile debate concerning a national universal healthcare system concerns cost. Although there is already a socialized healthcare system in place -- every federal legislator, bureaucrat, government employee and veteran benefits from it -- fiscal Republican conservatives and groups such as the Koch Brothers network are single-mindedly dedicated to preventing the expansion of Medicare and Medicaid. A Koch-funded Mercatus analysis made the outrageous claim that a single-payer system would increase federal health spending by $32 trillion in ten years. However, analyses and reviews by the Congressional Budget Office in the early 1990s concluded that such a system would only increase spending at the start; enormous savings would quickly offset it as the years pass. In one analysis, "the savings in administrative costs [10 percent of health spending] would be more than enough to offset the expense of universal coverage."    Defenders of those advocating for funding a National Health Program argue this can primarily be accomplished by raising taxes to levels comparable to other developed nations. This was a platform Senator Bernie Sanders and some of the younger progressive Democrats in the House campaigned on. The strategy was to tax the highest multimillion-dollar earners 60-70 percent. Despite the outrage of its critics, including old rank-and-file multi-millionaire Democrats like Nancy Pelosi and Chuck Schumer, this is still far less than in the past. During the Korean War, the top tax rate was 91 percent; it declined to 70 percent in the late 1960s. Throughout most of the 1970s, those in the lowest income bracket were taxed at 14 percent. We are not advocating for this strategy because it ignores where the funding is going, and the corruption in the system that is contributing to exorbitant waste.    But Democratic supporters of the ACA who oppose a universal healthcare plan ignore the additional taxes Obama levied to pay for the program. These included surtaxes on investment income, Medicare taxes from those earning over $200,000, taxes on tanning services, an excise tax on medical equipment, and a 40 percent tax on health coverage for costs over the designated cap that applied to flexible savings and health savings accounts. The entire ACA was reckless, sloppy and unnecessarily complicated from the start.    The fact that Obamacare further strengthened the distinctions between two parallel systems -- federal and private -- with entirely different economic structures created a labyrinth of red tape, rules, and wasteful bureaucracy. Since the ACA went into effect, over 150 new boards, agencies and programs have had to be established to monitor its 2,700 pages of gibberish. A federal single-payer system would easily eliminate this bureaucracy and waste.    A medical New Deal to establish universal healthcare coverage is a decisive step in the correct direction. But we must look at the crisis holistically and in a systematic way. Simply shuffling private insurance into a federal Medicare-for-all or buy-in program, funded by taxing the wealthiest of citizens, would only temporarily reduce costs. It will neither curtail nor slash escalating disease rates e. Any effective healthcare reform must also tackle the underlying reasons for Americans' poor state of health. We cannot shy away from examining the social illnesses infecting our entire free-market capitalist culture and its addiction to deregulation. A viable healthcare model would have to structurally transform how the medical economy operates. Finally, a successful medical New Deal must honestly evaluate the best and most reliable scientific evidence in order to effectively redirect public health spending.    For example, Dr. Ezekiel Emanuel, a former Obama healthcare adviser, observed that AIDS-HIV measures consume the most public health spending, even though the disease "ranked 75th on the list of diseases by personal health expenditures." On the other hand, according to the American Medical Association, a large percentage of the nation's $3.4 trillion healthcare spending goes towards treating preventable diseases, notably diabetes, common forms of heart disease, and back and neck pain conditions. In 2016, these three conditions were the most costly and accounted for approximately $277 billion in spending. Last year, the CDC announced the autism rate is now 1 in 36 children compared to 1 in 44 two years ago. A retracted study by Mark Blaxill, an autism activist at the Holland Center and a friend of the authors, estimates that ASD costs will reach $589 billion annually by 2030. There are no signs that this alarming trend will reverse and decline; and yet, our entire federal health system has failed to conscientiously investigate the underlying causes of this epidemic. All explanations that might interfere with the pharmaceutical industry's unchecked growth, such as over-vaccination, are ignored and viciously discredited without any sound scientific evidence. Therefore, a proper medical New Deal will require a systemic overhaul and reform of our federal health agencies, especially the HHS, CDC and FDA. Only the Robert Kennedy Jr presidential campaign is even addressing the crisis and has an inexpensive and comprehensive plan to deal with it. For any medical revolution to succeed in advancing universal healthcare, the plan must prioritize spending in a manner that serves public health and not private interests. It will also require reshuffling private corporate interests and their lobbyists to the sidelines, away from any strategic planning, in order to break up the private interests' control over federal agencies and its revolving door policies. Aside from those who benefit from this medical corruption, the overwhelming majority of Americans would agree with this criticism. However, there is a complete lack of national trust that our legislators, including the so-called progressives, would be willing to undertake such actions.    In addition, America's healthcare system ignores the single most critical initiative to reduce costs - that is, preventative efforts and programs instead of deregulation and closing loopholes designed to protect the drug and insurance industries' bottom line. Prevention can begin with banning toxic chemicals that are proven health hazards associated with current disease epidemics, and it can begin by removing a 1,000-plus toxins already banned in Europe. This should be a no-brainer for any legislator who cares for public health. For example, Stacy Malkan, co-founder of the Campaign for Safe Cosmetics, notes that "the policy approach in the US and Europe is dramatically different" when it comes to chemical allowances in cosmetic products. Whereas the EU has banned 1,328 toxic substances from the cosmetic industry alone, the US has banned only 11. The US continues to allow carcinogenic formaldehyde, petroleum, forever chemicals, many parabens (an estrogen mimicker and endocrine hormone destroyer), the highly allergenic p-phenylenediamine or PBD, triclosan, which has been associated with the rise in antibiotic resistant bacteria, avobenzone, and many others to be used in cosmetics, sunscreens, shampoo and hair dyes.   Next, the food Americans consume can be reevaluated for its health benefits. There should be no hesitation to tax the unhealthiest foods, such as commercial junk food, sodas and candy relying on high fructose corn syrup, products that contain ingredients proven to be toxic, and meat products laden with dangerous chemicals including growth hormones and antibiotics. The scientific evidence that the average American diet is contributing to rising disease trends is indisputable. We could also implement additional taxes on the public advertising of these demonstrably unhealthy products. All such tax revenue would accrue to a national universal health program to offset medical expenditures associated with the very illnesses linked to these products. Although such tax measures would help pay for a new medical New Deal, it may be combined with programs to educate the public about healthy nutrition if it is to produce a reduction in the most common preventable diseases. In fact, comprehensive nutrition courses in medical schools should be mandatory because the average physician receives no education in this crucial subject.  In addition, preventative health education should be mandatory throughout public school systems.   Private insurers force hospitals, clinics and private physicians into financial corners, and this is contributing to prodigious waste in money and resources. Annually, healthcare spending towards medical liability insurance costs tens of billions of dollars. In particular, this economic burden has taxed small clinics and physicians. It is well past the time that physician liability insurance is replaced with no-fault options. Today's doctors are spending an inordinate amount of money to protect themselves. Legions of liability and trial lawyers seek big paydays for themselves stemming from physician error. This has created a culture of fear among doctors and hospitals, resulting in the overly cautious practice of defensive medicine, driving up costs and insurance premiums just to avoid lawsuits. Doctors are forced to order unnecessary tests and prescribe more medications and medical procedures just to cover their backsides. No-fault insurance is a common-sense plan that enables physicians to pursue their profession in a manner that will reduce iatrogenic injuries and costs. Individual cases requiring additional medical intervention and loss of income would still be compensated. This would generate huge savings.    No other nation suffers from the scourge of excessive drug price gouging like the US. After many years of haggling to lower prices and increase access to generic drugs, only a minute amount of progress has been made in recent years. A 60 Minutes feature about the Affordable Care Act reported an "orgy of lobbying and backroom deals in which just about everyone with a stake in the $3-trillion-a-year health industry came out ahead—except the taxpayers.” For example, Life Extension magazine reported that an antiviral cream (acyclovir), which had lost its patent protection, "was being sold to pharmacies for 7,500% over the active ingredient cost. The active ingredient (acyclovir) costs only 8 pennies, yet pharmacies are paying a generic maker $600 for this drug and selling it to consumers for around $700." Other examples include the antibiotic Doxycycline. The price per pill averages 7 cents to $3.36 but has a 5,300 percent markup when it reaches the consumer. The antidepressant Clomipramine is marked up 3,780 percent, and the anti-hypertensive drug Captopril's mark-up is 2,850 percent. And these are generic drugs!    Medication costs need to be dramatically cut to allow drug manufacturers a reasonable but not obscene profit margin. By capping profits approximately 100 percent above all costs, we would save our system hundreds of billions of dollars. Such a measure would also extirpate the growing corporate misdemeanors of pricing fraud, which forces patients to pay out-of-pocket in order to make up for the costs insurers are unwilling to pay.    Finally, we can acknowledge that our healthcare is fundamentally a despotic rationing system based upon high insurance costs vis-a-vis a toss of the dice to determine where a person sits on the economic ladder. For the past three decades it has contributed to inequality. The present insurance-based economic metrics cast millions of Americans out of coverage because private insurance costs are beyond their means. Uwe Reinhardt, a Princeton University political economist, has called our system "brutal" because it "rations [people] out of the system." He defined rationing as "withholding something from someone that is beneficial." Discriminatory healthcare rationing now affects upwards to 60 million people who have been either priced out of the system or under insured. They make too much to qualify for Medicare under Obamacare, yet earn far too little to afford private insurance costs and premiums. In the final analysis, the entire system is discriminatory and predatory.    However, we must be realistic. Almost every member of Congress has benefited from Big Pharma and private insurance lobbyists. The only way to begin to bring our healthcare program up to the level of a truly developed nation is to remove the drug industry's rampant and unnecessary profiteering from the equation.     How did Fauci memory-hole a cure for AIDS and get away with it?   By Helen Buyniski   Over 700,000 Americans have died of AIDS since 1981, with the disease claiming some 42.3 million victims worldwide. While an HIV diagnosis is no longer considered a certain death sentence, the disease looms large in the public imagination and in public health funding, with contemporary treatments running into thousands of dollars per patient annually.   But was there a cure for AIDS all this time - an affordable and safe treatment that was ruthlessly suppressed and attacked by the US public health bureaucracy and its agents? Could this have saved millions of lives and billions of dollars spent on AZT, ddI and failed HIV vaccine trials? What could possibly justify the decision to disappear a safe and effective approach down the memory hole?   The inventor of the cure, Gary Null, already had several decades of experience creating healing protocols for physicians to help patients not responding well to conventional treatments by the time AIDS was officially defined in 1981. Null, a registered dietitian and board-certified nutritionist with a PhD in human nutrition and public health science, was a senior research fellow and Director of Anti-Aging Medicine at the Institute of Applied Biology for 36 years and has published over 950 papers, conducting groundbreaking experiments in reversing biological aging as confirmed with DNA methylation testing. Additionally, Null is a multi-award-winning documentary filmmaker, bestselling author, and investigative journalist whose work exposing crimes against humanity over the last 50 years has highlighted abuses by Big Pharma, the military-industrial complex, the financial industry, and the permanent government stay-behind networks that have come to be known as the Deep State.   Null was contacted in 1974 by Dr. Stephen Caiazza, a physician working with a subculture of gay men in New York living the so-called “fast track” lifestyle, an extreme manifestation of the gay liberation movement that began with the Stonewall riots. Defined by rampant sexual promiscuity and copious use of illegal and prescription drugs, including heavy antibiotic use for a cornucopia of sexually-transmitted diseases, the fast-track never included more than about two percent of gay men, though these dominated many of the bathhouses and clubs that defined gay nightlife in the era. These patients had become seriously ill as a result of their indulgence, generally arriving at the clinic with multiple STDs including cytomegalovirus and several types of herpes and hepatitis, along with candida overgrowth, nutritional deficiencies, gut issues, and recurring pneumonia. Every week for the next 10 years, Null would counsel two or three of these men - a total of 800 patients - on how to detoxify their bodies and de-stress their lives, tracking their progress with Caiazza and the other providers at weekly feedback meetings that he credits with allowing the team to quickly evaluate which treatments were most effective. He observed that it only took about two years on the “fast track” for a healthy young person to begin seeing muscle loss and the recurrent, lingering opportunistic infections that would later come to be associated with AIDS - while those willing to commit to a healthier lifestyle could regain their health in about a year.    It was with this background that Null established the Tri-State Healing Center in Manhattan in 1980, staffing the facility with what would eventually run to 22 certified health professionals to offer safe, natural, and effective low- and no-cost treatments to thousands of patients with HIV and AIDS-defining conditions. Null and his staff used variations of the protocols he had perfected with Caiazza's patients, a multifactorial patient-tailored approach that included high-dose vitamin C drips, intravenous ozone therapy, juicing and nutritional improvements and supplementation, aspects of homeopathy and naturopathy with some Traditional Chinese Medicine and Ayurvedic practices. Additional services offered on-site included acupuncture and holistic dentistry, while peer support groups were also held at the facility so that patients could find community and a positive environment, healing their minds and spirits while they healed their bodies.   “Instead of trying to kill the virus with antiretroviral pharmaceuticals designed to stop viral replication before it kills patients, we focused on what benefits could be gained by building up the patients' natural immunity and restoring biochemical integrity so the body could fight for itself,” Null wrote in a 2014 article describing the philosophy behind the Center's approach, which was wholly at odds with the pharmaceutical model.1   Patients were comprehensively tested every week, with any “recovery” defined solely by the labs, which documented AIDS patient after patient - 1,200 of them - returning to good health and reversing their debilitating conditions. Null claims to have never lost an AIDS patient in the Center's care, even as the death toll for the disease - and its pharmaceutical standard of care AZT - reached an all-time high in the early 1990s. Eight patients who had opted for a more intensive course of treatment - visiting the Center six days a week rather than one - actually sero-deconverted, with repeated subsequent testing showing no trace of HIV in their bodies.   As an experienced clinical researcher himself, Null recognized that any claims made by the Center would be massively scrutinized, challenging as they did the prevailing scientific consensus that AIDS was an incurable, terminal illness. He freely gave his protocols to any medical practitioner who asked, understanding that his own work could be considered scientifically valid only if others could replicate it under the same conditions. After weeks of daily observational visits to the Center, Dr. Robert Cathcart took the protocols back to San Francisco, where he excitedly reported that patients were no longer dying in his care.    Null's own colleague at the Institute of Applied Biology, senior research fellow Elana Avram, set up IV drip rooms at the Institute and used his intensive protocols to sero-deconvert 10 patients over a two-year period. While the experiment had been conducted in secret, as the Institute had been funded by Big Pharma since its inception half a century earlier, Avram had hoped she would be able to publish a journal article to further publicize Null's protocols and potentially help AIDS patients, who were still dying at incredibly high rates thanks to Burroughs Wellcome's noxious but profitable AZT. But as she would later explain in a 2019 letter to Null, their groundbreaking research never made it into print - despite meticulous documentation of their successes - because the Institute's director and board feared their pharmaceutical benefactors would withdraw the funding on which they depended, given that Null's protocols did not involve any patentable or otherwise profitable drugs. When Avram approached them about publication, the board vetoed the idea, arguing that it would “draw negative attention because [the work] was contrary to standard drug treatments.” With no real point in continuing experiments along those lines without institutional support and no hope of obtaining funding from elsewhere, the department she had created specifically for these experiments shut down after a two-year followup with her test subjects - all of whom remained alive and healthy - was completed.2   While the Center was receiving regular visits by this time from medical professionals and, increasingly, black celebrities like Stokely Carmichael and Isaac Hayes, who would occasionally perform for the patients, the news was spreading by word of mouth alone - not a single media outlet had dared to document the clinic that was curing AIDS patients for free. Instead, they gave airtime to Anthony Fauci, director of the National Institute of Allergies and Infectious Diseases, who had for years been spreading baseless, hysteria-fueling claims about HIV and AIDS to any news outlet that would put him on. His claim that children could contract the virus from “ordinary household conduct” with an infected relative proved so outrageous he had to walk it back,3 and he never really stopped insisting the deadly plague associated with gays and drug users was about to explode like a nuclear bomb among the law-abiding heterosexual population. Fauci by this time controlled all government science funding through NIAID, and his zero-tolerance approach to dissent on the HIV/AIDS front had already seen prominent scientists like virologist Peter Duesberg stripped of the resources they needed for their work because they had dared to question his commandment: There is no cause of AIDS but HIV, and AZT is its treatment. Even the AIDS activist groups, which by then had been coopted by Big Pharma and essentially reduced to astroturfing for the toxic failed chemotherapy drug AZT backed by the institutional might of Fauci's NIAID,4 didn't seem to want to hear that there was a cure. Unconcerned with the irrationality of denouncing the man touting his free AIDS cure as an  “AIDS denier,” they warned journalists that platforming Null or anyone else rejecting the mainstream medical line would be met with organized demands for their firing.    Determined to breach the institutional iron curtain and get his message to the masses, Null and his team staged a press conference in New York, inviting scientists and doctors from around the world to share their research on alternative approaches to HIV and AIDS in 1993. To emphasize the sound scientific basis of the Center's protocols and encourage guests to adopt them into their own practices, Null printed out thousands of abstracts in support of each nutrient and treatment being used. However, despite over 7,000 invitations sent three times to major media, government figures, scientists, and activists, almost none of the intended audience members showed up. Over 100 AIDS patients and their doctors, whose charts exhaustively documented their improvements using natural and nontoxic modalities over the preceding 12 months, gave filmed testimonials, declaring that the feared disease was no longer a death sentence, but the conference had effectively been silenced. Bill Tatum, publisher of the Amsterdam News, suggested Null and his patients would find a more welcoming audience in his home neighborhood of Harlem - specifically, its iconic Apollo Theatre. For three nights, the theater was packed to capacity. Hit especially hard by the epidemic and distrustful of a medical system that had only recently stopped being openly racist (the Tuskegee syphilis experiment only ended in 1972), black Americans, at least, did not seem to care what Anthony Fauci would do if he found out they were investigating alternatives to AZT and death.    PBS journalist Tony Brown, having obtained a copy of the video of patient testimonials from the failed press conference, was among a handful of black journalists who began visiting the Center to investigate the legitimacy of Null's claims. Satisfied they had something significant to offer his audience, Brown invited eight patients - along with Null himself - onto his program over the course of several episodes to discuss the work. It was the first time these protocols had received any attention in the media, despite Null having released nearly two dozen articles and multiple documentaries on the subject by that time. A typical patient on one program, Al, a recovered IV drug user who was diagnosed with AIDS at age 32, described how he “panicked,” saw a doctor and started taking AZT despite his misgivings - only to be forced to discontinue the drug after just a few weeks due to his condition deteriorating rapidly. Researching alternatives brought him to Null, and after six months of “detoxing [his] lifestyle,” he observed his initial symptoms - swollen lymph nodes and weight loss - begin to reverse, culminating with sero-deconversion. On Bill McCreary's Channel 5 program, a married couple diagnosed with HIV described how they watched their T-cell counts increase as they cut out sugar, caffeine, smoking, and drinking and began eating a healthy diet. They also saw the virus leave their bodies.   For HIV-positive viewers surrounded by fear and negativity, watching healthy-looking, cheerful “AIDS patients” detail their recovery while Null backed up their claims with charts must have been balm for the soul. But the TV programs were also a form of outreach to the medical community, with patients' charts always on hand to convince skeptics the cure was scientifically valid. Null brought patients' charts to every program, urging them to keep an open mind: “Other physicians and public health officials should know that there's good science in the alternative perspective. It may not be a therapy that they're familiar with, because they're just not trained in it, but if the results are positive, and you can document them…” He challenged doubters to send in charts from their own sero-deconverted patients on AZT, and volunteered to debate proponents of the orthodox treatment paradigm - though the NIH and WHO both refused to participate in such a debate on Tony Brown's Journal, following Fauci's directive prohibiting engagement with forbidden ideas.    Aside from those few TV programs and Null's own films, suppression of Null's AIDS cure beyond word of mouth was total. The 2021 documentary The Cost of Denial, produced by the Society for Independent Journalists, tells the story of the Tri-State Healing Center and the medical paradigm that sought to destroy it, lamenting the loss of the lives that might have been saved in a more enlightened society. Nurse practitioner Luanne Pennesi, who treated many of the AIDS patients at the Center, speculated in the film that the refusal by the scientific establishment and AIDS activists to accept their successes was financially motivated. “It was as if they didn't want this information to get out. Understand that our healthcare system as we know it is a corporation, it's a corporate model, and it's about generating revenue. My concern was that maybe they couldn't generate enough revenue from these natural approaches.”5   Funding was certainly the main disciplinary tool Fauci's NIAID used to keep the scientific community in line. Despite the massive community interest in the work being done at the Center, no foundation or institution would defy Fauci and risk getting itself blacklisted, leaving Null to continue funding the operation out of his pocket with the profits from book sales. After 15 years, he left the Center in 1995, convinced the mainstream model had so thoroughly been institutionalized that there was no chance of overthrowing it. He has continued to counsel patients and advocate for a reappraisal of the HIV=AIDS hypothesis and its pharmaceutical treatments, highlighting the deeply flawed science underpinning the model of the disease espoused by the scientific establishment in 39 articles, six documentaries and a 700-page textbook on AIDS, but the Center's achievements have been effectively memory-holed by Fauci's multi-billion-dollar propaganda apparatus.     FRUIT OF THE POISONOUS TREE   To understand just how much of a threat Null's work was to the HIV/AIDS establishment, it is instructive to revisit the 1984 paper, published by Dr. Robert Gallo of the National Cancer Institute, that established HIV as the sole cause of AIDS. The CDC's official recognition of AIDS in 1981 had done little to quell the mounting public panic over the mysterious illness afflicting gay men in the US, as the agency had effectively admitted it had no idea what was causing them to sicken and die. As years passed with no progress determining the causative agent of the plague, activist groups like Gay Men's Health Crisis disrupted public events and threatened further mass civil disobedience as they excoriated the NIH for its sluggish allocation of government science funding to uncovering the cause of the “gay cancer.”6 When Gallo published his paper declaring that the retrovirus we now know as HIV was the sole “probable” cause of AIDS, its simple, single-factor hypothesis was the answer to the scientific establishment's prayers. This was particularly true for Fauci, as the NIAID chief was able to claim the hot new disease as his agency's own domain in what has been described as a “dramatic confrontation” with his rival Sam Broder at the National Cancer Institute. After all, Fauci pointed out, Gallo's findings - presented by Health and Human Services Secretary Margaret Heckler as if they were gospel truth before any other scientists had had a chance to inspect them, never mind conduct a full peer review - clearly classified AIDS as an infectious disease, and not a cancer like the Kaposi's sarcoma which was at the time its most visible manifestation. Money and media attention began pouring in, even as funding for the investigation of other potential causes of AIDS dried up. Having already patented a diagnostic test for “his” retrovirus before introducing it to the world, Gallo was poised for a financial windfall, while Fauci was busily leveraging the discovery into full bureaucratic empire of the US scientific apparatus.   While it would serve as the sole basis for all US government-backed AIDS research to follow - quickly turning Gallo into the most-cited scientist in the world during the 1980s,7 Gallo's “discovery” of HIV was deeply problematic. The sample that yielded the momentous discovery actually belonged to Prof. Luc Montagnier of the French Institut Pasteur, a fact Gallo finally admitted in 1991, four years after a lawsuit from the French government challenged his patent on the HIV antibody test, forcing the US government to negotiate a hasty profit-sharing agreement between Gallo's and Montagnier's labs. That lawsuit triggered a cascade of official investigations into scientific misconduct by Gallo, and evidence submitted during one of these probes, unearthed in 2008 by journalist Janine Roberts, revealed a much deeper problem with the seminal “discovery.” While Gallo's co-author, Mikulas Popovic, had concluded after numerous experiments with the French samples that the virus they contained was not the cause of AIDS, Gallo had drastically altered the paper's conclusion, scribbling his notes in the margins, and submitted it for publication to the journal Science without informing his co-author.   After Roberts shared her discovery with contacts in the scientific community, 37 scientific experts wrote to the journal demanding that Gallo's career-defining HIV paper be retracted from Science for lacking scientific integrity.8 Their call, backed by an endorsement from the 2,600-member scientific organization Rethinking AIDS, was ignored by the publication and by the rest of mainstream science despite - or perhaps because of - its profound implications.   That 2008 letter, addressed to Science editor-in-chief Bruce Alberts and copied to American Association for the Advancement of Science CEO Alan Leshner, is worth reproducing here in its entirety, as it utterly dismantles Gallo's hypothesis - and with them the entire HIV is the sole cause of AIDS dogma upon which the contemporary medical model of the disease rests:   On May 4, 1984 your journal published four papers by a group led by Dr. Robert Gallo. We are writing to express our serious concerns with regard to the integrity and veracity of the lead paper among these four of which Dr. Mikulas Popovic is the lead author.[1] The other three are also of concern because they rely upon the conclusions of the lead paper .[2][3][4]  In the early 1990s, several highly critical reports on the research underlying these papers were produced as a result of governmental inquiries working under the supervision of scientists nominated by the National Academy of Sciences and the Institute of Medicine. The Office of Research Integrity of the US Department of Health and Human Services concluded that the lead paper was “fraught with false and erroneous statements,” and that the “ORI believes that the careless and unacceptable keeping of research records...reflects irresponsible laboratory management that has permanently impaired the ability to retrace the important steps taken.”[5] Further, a Congressional Subcommittee on Oversight and Investigations led by US Representative John D. Dingell of Michigan produced a staff report on the papers which contains scathing criticisms of their integrity.[6]  Despite the publically available record of challenges to their veracity, these papers have remained uncorrected and continue to be part of the scientific record.  What prompts our communication today is the recent revelation of an astonishing number of previously unreported deletions and unjustified alterations made by Gallo to the lead paper. There are several documents originating from Gallo's laboratory that, while available for some time, have only recently been fully analyzed. These include a draft of the lead paper typewritten by Popovic which contains handwritten changes made to it by Gallo.[7] This draft was the key evidence used in the above described inquiries to establish that Gallo had concealed his laboratory's use of a cell culture sample (known as LAV) which it received from the Institut Pasteur.  These earlier inquiries verified that the typed manuscript draft was produced by Popovic who had carried out the recorded experiment while his laboratory chief, Gallo, was in Europe and that, upon his return, Gallo changed the document by hand a few days before it was submitted to Science on March 30, 1984. According to the ORI investigation, “Dr. Gallo systematically rewrote the manuscript for what would become a renowned LTCB [Gallo's laboratory at the National Cancer Institute] paper.”[5]  This document provided the important evidence that established the basis for awarding Dr. Luc Montagnier and Dr. Francoise Barré-Sinoussi the 2008 Nobel Prize in Medicine for the discovery of the AIDS virus by proving it was their samples of LAV that Popovic used in his key experiment. The draft reveals that Popovic had forthrightly admitted using the French samples of LAV renamed as Gallo's virus, HTLV-III, and that Gallo had deleted this admission, concealing their use of LAV.  However, it has not been previously reported that on page three of this same document Gallo had also deleted Popovic's unambiguous statement that, "Despite intensive research efforts, the causative agent of AIDS has not yet been identified,” replacing it in the published paper with a statement that said practically the opposite, namely, “That a retrovirus of the HTLV family might be an etiologic agent of AIDS was suggested by the findings.”  It is clear that the rest of Popovic's typed paper is entirely consistent with his statement that the cause of AIDS had not been found, despite his use of the French LAV. Popovic's final conclusion was that the culture he produced “provides the possibility” for detailed studies. He claimed to have achieved nothing more. At no point in his paper did Popovic attempt to prove that any virus caused AIDS, and it is evident that Gallo concealed these key elements in Popovic's experimental findings.  It is astonishing now to discover these unreported changes to such a seminal document. We can only assume that Gallo's alterations of Popovic's conclusions were not highlighted by earlier inquiries because the focus at the time was on establishing that the sample used by Gallo's lab came from Montagnier and was not independently collected by Gallo. In fact, the only attention paid to the deletions made by Gallo pertains to his effort to hide the identity of the sample. The questions of whether Gallo and Popovic's research proved that LAV or any other virus was the cause of AIDS were clearly not considered.  Related to these questions are other long overlooked documents that merit your attention. One of these is a letter from Dr. Matthew A. Gonda, then Head of the Electron Microscopy Laboratory at the National Cancer Institute, which is addressed to Popovic, copied to Gallo and dated just four days prior to Gallo's submission to Science.[8] In this letter, Gonda remarks on samples he had been sent for imaging because “Dr Gallo wanted these micrographs for publication because they contain HTLV.” He states, “I do not believe any of the particles photographed are of HTLV-I, II or III.” According to Gonda, one sample contained cellular debris, while another had no particles near the size of a retrovirus. Despite Gonda's clearly worded statement, Science published on May 4, 1984 papers attributed to Gallo et al with micrographs attributed to Gonda and described unequivocally as HTLV-III.  In another letter by Gallo, dated one day before he submitted his papers to Science, Gallo states, “It's extremely rare to find fresh cells [from AIDS patients] expressing the virus... cell culture seems to be necessary to induce virus,” a statement which raises the possibility he was working with a laboratory artifact. [9]  Included here are copies of these documents and links to the same. The very serious flaws they reveal in the preparation of the lead paper published in your journal in 1984 prompts our request that this paper be withdrawn. It appears that key experimental findings have been concealed. We further request that the three associated papers published on the same date also be withdrawn as they depend on the accuracy of this paper.  For the scientific record to be reliable, it is vital that papers shown to be flawed, or falsified be retracted. Because a very public record now exists showing that the Gallo papers drew unjustified conclusions, their withdrawal from Science is all the more important to maintain integrity. Future researchers must also understand they cannot rely on the 1984 Gallo papers for statements about HIV and AIDS, and all authors of papers that previously relied on this set of four papers should have the opportunity to consider whether their own conclusions are weakened by these revelations.      Gallo's handwritten revision, submitted without his colleague's knowledge despite multiple experiments that failed to support the new conclusion, was the sole foundation for the HIV=AIDS hypothesis. Had Science published the manuscript the way Popovic had typed it, there would be no AIDS “pandemic” - merely small clusters of people with AIDS. Without a viral hypothesis backing the development of expensive and deadly pharmaceuticals, would Fauci have allowed these patients to learn about the cure that existed all along?   Faced with a potential rebellion, Fauci marshaled the full resources under his control to squelch the publication of the investigations into Gallo and restrict any discussion of competing hypotheses in the scientific and mainstream press, which had been running virus-scare stories full-time since 1984. The effect was total, according to biochemist Dr. Kary Mullis, inventor of the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) procedure. In a 2009 interview, Mullis recalled his own shock when he attempted to unearth the experimental basis for the HIV=AIDS hypothesis. Despite his extensive inquiry into the literature, “there wasn't a scientific reference…[that] said ‘here's how come we know that HIV is the probable cause of AIDS.' There was nothing out there like that.”9 This yawning void at the core of HIV/AIDS “science" turned him into a strident critic of AIDS dogma - and those views made him persona non grata where the scientific press was concerned, suddenly unable to publish a single paper despite having won the Nobel Prize for his invention of the PCR test just weeks before.  10   DISSENT BECOMES “DENIAL”   While many of those who dissent from the orthodox HIV=AIDS view believe HIV plays a role in the development of AIDS, they point to lifestyle and other co-factors as being equally if not more important. Individuals who test positive for HIV can live for decades in perfect health - so long as they don't take AZT or the other toxic antivirals fast-tracked by Fauci's NIAID - but those who developed full-blown AIDS generally engaged in highly risky behaviors like extreme promiscuity and prodigious drug abuse, contracting STDs they took large quantities of antibiotics to treat, further running down their immune systems. While AIDS was largely portrayed as a “gay disease,” it was only the “fast track” gays, hooking up with dozens of partners nightly in sex marathons fueled by “poppers” (nitrate inhalants notorious for their own devastating effects on the immune system), who became sick. Kaposi's sarcoma, one of the original AIDS-defining conditions, was widespread among poppers-using gay men, but never appeared among IV drug users or hemophiliacs, the other two main risk groups during the early years of the epidemic. Even Robert Gallo himself, at a 1994 conference on poppers held by the National Institute on Drug Abuse, would admit that the previously-rare form of skin cancer surging among gay men was not primarily caused by HIV - and that it was immune stimulation, rather than suppression, that was likely responsible.11 Similarly, IV drug users are often riddled with opportunistic infections as their habit depresses the immune system and their focus on maintaining their addiction means that healthier habits - like good nutrition and even basic hygiene - fall by the wayside.    Supporting the call for revising the HIV=AIDS hypothesis to include co-factors is the fact that the mass heterosexual outbreaks long predicted by Fauci and his ilk in seemingly every country on Earth have failed to materialize, except - supposedly - in Africa, where the diagnostic standard for AIDS differs dramatically from those of the West. Given the prohibitively high cost of HIV testing for poor African nations, the WHO in 1985 crafted a diagnostic loophole that became known as the “Bangui definition,” allowing medical professionals to diagnose AIDS in the absence of a test using just clinical symptoms: high fever, persistent cough, at least 30 days of diarrhea, and the loss of 10% of one's body weight within two months. Often suffering from malnutrition and without access to clean drinking water, many of the inhabitants of sub-Saharan Africa fit the bill, especially when the WHO added tuberculosis to the list of AIDS-defining illnesses in 1993 - a move which may be responsible for as many as one half of African “AIDS” cases, according to journalist Christine Johnson. The WHO's former Chief of Global HIV Surveillance, James Chin, acknowledged their manipulation of statistics, but stressed that it was the entire AIDS industry - not just his organization - perpetrating the fraud. “There's the saying that, if you knew what sausages are made of, most people would hesitate to sort of eat them, because they wouldn't like what's in it. And if you knew how HIV/AIDS numbers are cooked, or made up, you would use them with extreme caution,” Chin told an interviewer in 2009.12   With infected numbers stubbornly remaining constant in the US despite Fauci's fearmongering projections of the looming heterosexually-transmitted plague, the CDC in 1993 broadened its definition of AIDS to include asymptomatic (that is, healthy) HIV-positive people with low T-cell counts - an absurd criteria given that an individual's T-cell count can fluctuate by hundreds within a single day. As a result, the number of “AIDS cases” in the US immediately doubled. Supervised by Fauci, the NIAID had been quietly piling on diseases into the “AIDS-related” category for years, bloating the list from just two conditions - pneumocystis carinii pneumonia and Kaposi's sarcoma - to 30 so fast it raised eyebrows among some of science's leading lights. Deeming the entire process “bizarre” and unprecedented, Kary Mullis wondered aloud why no one had called the AIDS establishment out: “There's something wrong here. And it's got to be financial.”13   Indeed, an early CDC public relations campaign was exposed by the Wall Street Journal in 1987 as having deliberately mischaracterized AIDS as a threat to the entire population so as to garner increased public and private funding for what was very much a niche issue, with the risk to average heterosexuals from a single act of sex “smaller than the risk of ever getting hit by lightning.” Ironically, the ads, which sought to humanize AIDS patients in an era when few Americans knew anyone with the disease and more than half the adult population thought infected people should be forced to carry cards warning of their status, could be seen as a reaction to the fear tactics deployed by Fauci early on.14   It's hard to tell where fraud ends and incompetence begins with Gallo's HIV antibody test. Much like Covid-19 would become a “pandemic of testing,” with murder victims and motorcycle crashes lumped into “Covid deaths” thanks to over-sensitized PCR tests that yielded as many as 90% false positives,15 HIV testing is fraught with false positives - and unlike with Covid-19, most people who hear they are HIV-positive still believe they are receiving a death sentence. Due to the difficulty of isolating HIV itself from human samples, the most common diagnostic tests, ELISA and the Western Blot, are designed to detect not the virus but antibodies to it, upending the traditional medical understanding that the presence of antibodies indicates only exposure - and often that the body has actually vanquished the pathogen. Patients are known to test positive for HIV antibodies in the absence of the virus due to at least 70 other conditions, including hepatitis, lupus, rheumatoid arthritis, syphilis, recent vaccination or even pregnancy. (https://www.chcfl.org/diseases-that-can-cause-a-false-positive-hiv-test/) Positive results are often followed up with a PCR “viral load” test, even though the inventor of the PCR technique Kary Mullis famously condemned its misuse as a tool for diagnosing infection. Packaging inserts for all three tests warn the user that they cannot be reliably used to diagnose HIV.16 The ELISA HIV antibody test explicitly states: “At present there is no recognized standard for establishing the presence and absence of HIV antibody in human blood.”17   That the public remains largely unaware of these and other massive holes in the supposedly airtight HIV=AIDS=DEATH paradigm is a testament to Fauci's multi-layered control of the press. Like the writers of the Great Barrington Declaration and other Covid-19 dissidents, scientists who question HIV/AIDS dogma have been brutally punished for their heresy, no matter how prestigious their prior standing in the field and no matter how much evidence they have for their own claims. In 1987, the year the FDA's approval of AZT made AIDS the most profitable epidemic yet (a dubious designation Covid-19 has since surpassed), Fauci made it clearer than ever that scientific inquiry and debate - the basis of the scientific method - would no longer be welcome in the American public health sector, eliminating retrovirologist Peter Duesberg, then one of the most prominent opponents of the HIV=AIDS hypothesis, from the scientific conversation with a professional disemboweling that would make a cartel hitman blush. Duesberg had just eviscerated Gallo's 1984 HIV paper with an article of his own in the journal Cancer Research, pointing out that retroviruses had never before been found to cause a single disease in humans - let alone 30 AIDS-defining diseases. Rather than allow Gallo or any of the other scientists in his camp to respond to the challenge, Fauci waged a scorched-earth campaign against Duesberg, who had until then been one of the most highly regarded researchers in his field. Every research grant he requested was denied; every media appearance was canceled or preempted. The University of California at Berkeley, unable to fully fire him due to tenure, took away his lab, his graduate students, and the rest of his funding. The few colleagues who dared speak up for him in public were also attacked, while enemies and opportunists were encouraged to slander Duesberg at the conferences he was barred from attending and in the journals that would no longer publish his replies. When Duesberg was summoned to the White House later that year by then-President Ronald Reagan to debate Fauci on the origins of AIDS, Fauci convinced the president to cancel, allegedly pulling rank on the Commander-in-Chief with an accusation that the “White House was interfering in scientific matters that belonged to the NIH and the Office of Science and Technology Assessment.” After seven years of this treatment, Duesberg was contacted by NIH official Stephen O'Brien and offered an escape from professional purgatory. He could have “everything back,” he was told, and shown a manuscript of a scientific paper - apparently commissioned by the editor of the journal Nature - “HIV Causes AIDS: Koch's Postulates Fulfilled” with his own name listed alongside O'Brien's as an author.18 His refusal to take the bribe effectively guaranteed the epithet “AIDS denier” will appear on his tombstone. The character assassination of Duesberg became a template that would be deployed to great effectiveness wherever Fauci encountered dissent - never debate, only demonize, deplatform and destroy.    Even Luc Montagnier, the real discoverer of HIV, soon found himself on the wrong side of the Fauci machine. With his 1990 declaration that “the HIV virus [by itself] is harmless and passive, a benign virus,” Montagnier began distancing himself from Gallo's fraud, effectively placing a target on his own back. In a 1995 interview, he elaborated: “four factors that have come together to account for the sudden epidemic [of AIDS]: HIV presence, immune hyper-activation, increased sexually transmitted disease incidence, sexual behavior changes and other behavioral changes” such as drug use, poor nutrition and stress - all of which he said had to occur “essentially simultaneously” for HIV to be transmitted, creating the modern epidemic. Like the professionals at the Tri-State Healing Center, Montagnier advocated for the use of antioxidants like vitamin C and N-acetyl cysteine, naming oxidative stress as a critical factor in the progression from HIV to AIDS.19 When Montagnier died in 2022, Fauci's media mouthpieces sneered that the scientist (who was awarded the Nobel Prize in 2008 for his discovery of HIV, despite his flagging faith in that discovery's significance) “started espousing views devoid of a scientific basis” in the late 2000s, leading him to be “shunned by the scientific community.”20 In a particularly egregious jab, the Washington Post's obit sings the praises of Robert Gallo, implying it was the American scientist who really should have won the Nobel for HIV, while dismissing as “

In this episode, our host Lara Momesso interviews Yi-Fan Feng (馮一凡), the Deputy Chief Executive at Harmony Home Taiwan, to discuss the work that Harmony Home has done with some of the most marginalised people in Taiwan: people living with HIV/AIDS and undocumented residents and their children. In this chat, Lara and Yi-Fan explore how more than 40 years of activities by Harmony Home have contributed not only to help people living with HIV/AIDS and undocumented residents but also to change the way the Taiwanese government and society approached these groups. If you want to know more about Harmony Home, what they do and how to support it, follow this link: www.twhhf.org If you want to watch the documentary movie mentioned in the interview, Mimi's Utopia, follow this link: www.youtube.com/watch?v=qjVfVEl58WU Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/new-books-network

In this episode, our host Lara Momesso interviews Yi-Fan Feng (馮一凡), the Deputy Chief Executive at Harmony Home Taiwan, to discuss the work that Harmony Home has done with some of the most marginalised people in Taiwan: people living with HIV/AIDS and undocumented residents and their children. In this chat, Lara and Yi-Fan explore how more than 40 years of activities by Harmony Home have contributed not only to help people living with HIV/AIDS and undocumented residents but also to change the way the Taiwanese government and society approached these groups. If you want to know more about Harmony Home, what they do and how to support it, follow this link: www.twhhf.org If you want to watch the documentary movie mentioned in the interview, Mimi's Utopia, follow this link: www.youtube.com/watch?v=qjVfVEl58WU Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/east-asian-studies

In this episode, our host Lara Momesso interviews Yi-Fan Feng (馮一凡), the Deputy Chief Executive at Harmony Home Taiwan, to discuss the work that Harmony Home has done with some of the most marginalised people in Taiwan: people living with HIV/AIDS and undocumented residents and their children. In this chat, Lara and Yi-Fan explore how more than 40 years of activities by Harmony Home have contributed not only to help people living with HIV/AIDS and undocumented residents but also to change the way the Taiwanese government and society approached these groups. If you want to know more about Harmony Home, what they do and how to support it, follow this link: www.twhhf.org If you want to watch the documentary movie mentioned in the interview, Mimi's Utopia, follow this link: www.youtube.com/watch?v=qjVfVEl58WU Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/chinese-studies

Dezembro vermelho: Mês de Luta Contra a AIDS, HIV e outras ISTS.

Consultório do Rádio Livre: A campanha é uma iniciativa nacional dedicada à conscientização, prevenção e combate destas doenças. Ao longo do mês são promovidas atividades educativas, testagens rápidas, distribuição de preservativos e palestras para informar a população sobre a importância da prevenção, do diagnóstico precoce, do tratamento adequado. O objetivo é mobilizar a sociedade e ampliar o acesso aos serviços de saúde, reforçar o cuidado e a solidariedade com as pessoas vivendo com hiv/aids.

The infections disease landscape is constantly changing - challenging our standard treatments. Can new - as well as ancient - therapies be the answer? Hear from experts on the cutting edge of phage therapy, HIV/AIDS research and cancer care about what is on the horizon to improve human health. Series: "Stem Cell Channel" [Health and Medicine] [Show ID: 39982]

The infections disease landscape is constantly changing - challenging our standard treatments. Can new - as well as ancient - therapies be the answer? Hear from experts on the cutting edge of phage therapy, HIV/AIDS research and cancer care about what is on the horizon to improve human health. Series: "Stem Cell Channel" [Health and Medicine] [Show ID: 39982]

The infections disease landscape is constantly changing - challenging our standard treatments. Can new - as well as ancient - therapies be the answer? Hear from experts on the cutting edge of phage therapy, HIV/AIDS research and cancer care about what is on the horizon to improve human health. Series: "Stem Cell Channel" [Health and Medicine] [Show ID: 39982]

The infections disease landscape is constantly changing - challenging our standard treatments. Can new - as well as ancient - therapies be the answer? Hear from experts on the cutting edge of phage therapy, HIV/AIDS research and cancer care about what is on the horizon to improve human health. Series: "Stem Cell Channel" [Health and Medicine] [Show ID: 39982]

The infections disease landscape is constantly changing - challenging our standard treatments. Can new - as well as ancient - therapies be the answer? Hear from experts on the cutting edge of phage therapy, HIV/AIDS research and cancer care about what is on the horizon to improve human health. Series: "Stem Cell Channel" [Health and Medicine] [Show ID: 39982]

The infections disease landscape is constantly changing - challenging our standard treatments. Can new - as well as ancient - therapies be the answer? Hear from experts on the cutting edge of phage therapy, HIV/AIDS research and cancer care about what is on the horizon to improve human health. Series: "Stem Cell Channel" [Health and Medicine] [Show ID: 39982]

The infections disease landscape is constantly changing - challenging our standard treatments. Can new - as well as ancient - therapies be the answer? Hear from experts on the cutting edge of phage therapy, HIV/AIDS research and cancer care about what is on the horizon to improve human health. Series: "Stem Cell Channel" [Health and Medicine] [Show ID: 39982]

The infections disease landscape is constantly changing - challenging our standard treatments. Can new - as well as ancient - therapies be the answer? Hear from experts on the cutting edge of phage therapy, HIV/AIDS research and cancer care about what is on the horizon to improve human health. Series: "Stem Cell Channel" [Health and Medicine] [Show ID: 39982]

エイズに関する国際学会（IAS）がドイツで7月、開かれました。差別や偏見もつきまとってきた病気で、HIVに感染した当事者らの声が社会を動かしてきました。約100カ国から1万人以上が参加した現地のようすをお伝えします。 ※2024年10月7日に収録しました。前後編の後編で、前編は〈終わらないエイズ　感染知りながらコンドームつけず　そんな相手でも切れない、別れられない #754〉です。 【関連記事】エイズ（AIDS）原因のHIV、10代女性の感染者多く　スティグマ根強い南アフリカのいま https://globe.asahi.com/article/15440141 エイズ治療の転換、「施し」から「権利」へ　HIV感染者も声上げる国際エイズ学会 https://globe.asahi.com/article/15445858 岸谷五朗さん、HIVやAIDSの啓発25年　きっかけは感染した14歳の手紙「差別が怖い」 https://globe.asahi.com/article/15434118  【出演・スタッフ】宮地ゆう（編集委員）MC・音源編集　杢田光 【朝ポキ情報】ご感想はおたよりフォーム →  https://bit.ly/asapoki_otayori 番組カレンダー→  https://bit.ly/asapki_calendar 出演者名検索ツール→  https://bit.ly/asapoki_cast 最新情報はＸ（旧ツイッター）→  https://bit.ly/asapoki_twitter 交流はコミュニティ →  https://bit.ly/asapoki_community テロップ付きはYouTube →  https://bit.ly/asapoki_youtube_ こぼれ話はメルマガ →  https://bit.ly/asapoki_newsletter 全話あります公式サイト →  https://bit.ly/asapoki_lp 広告ご検討の企業様は →  http://t.asahi.com/asapokiguide メールはこちら → podcast@asahi.com See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

日本をはじめ先進国ではエイズの治療法が確立され、もはや「死の病」ではなくなりました。ただし、世界にはいまも感染拡大が収まらない国々があります。世界最多のHIV感染者がいる南アフリカ共和国で取材した宮地ゆう・編集委員に聞きました。 ※2024年10月7日に収録しました。前後編の前編で、後編は21日配信の〈シュプレヒコールもOK、当事者の声を尊重する学会　国際エイズ学会に息づくアクティビズム #755〉です。 【関連記事】エイズ（AIDS）原因のHIV、10代女性の感染者多く　スティグマ根強い南アフリカのいま https://globe.asahi.com/article/15440141 エイズ治療の転換、「施し」から「権利」へ　HIV感染者も声上げる国際エイズ学会 https://globe.asahi.com/article/15445858 岸谷五朗さん、HIVやAIDSの啓発25年　きっかけは感染した14歳の手紙「差別が怖い」 https://globe.asahi.com/article/15434118  【出演・スタッフ】宮地ゆう（編集委員）MC・音源編集　杢田光 【朝ポキ情報】ご感想はおたよりフォーム →  https://bit.ly/asapoki_otayori 番組カレンダー→  https://bit.ly/asapki_calendar 出演者名検索ツール→  https://bit.ly/asapoki_cast 最新情報はＸ（旧ツイッター）→  https://bit.ly/asapoki_twitter 交流はコミュニティ →  https://bit.ly/asapoki_community テロップ付きはYouTube →  https://bit.ly/asapoki_youtube_ こぼれ話はメルマガ →  https://bit.ly/asapoki_newsletter 全話あります公式サイト →  https://bit.ly/asapoki_lp 広告ご検討の企業様は →  http://t.asahi.com/asapokiguide メールはこちら → podcast@asahi.com   See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

In this episode, Jivana Heyman shares his transformative journey with yoga and why he became a passionate advocate for accessibility within the practice. Discover: How the AIDS epidemic and personal loss ignited Jivana's path to making yoga inclusive for all. Why Jivana believes the traditional, rigid approach to yoga alienates people and misses the essence of the practice. Controversial question: Is mainstream yoga more about appearance than genuine connection? The challenges he faced in teacher training, and why he thinks accessible yoga is actually the most advanced form of practice. This conversation dives into yoga's role in supporting people facing life's toughest battles, like illness and grief, and challenges what many think of as "real" yoga. Tune in for a thought-provoking look at what true inclusivity in yoga really means. Learn more about Jivana Jivana Heyman, C-IAYT, E-RYT500, is the founder and director of Accessible Yoga, an organization dedicated to increasing access to the yoga teachings and supporting yoga teachers.  He's the author of Accessible Yoga: Poses and Practices for Every Body; Yoga Revolution: Building a Practice of Courage & Compassion; and The Teacher's Guide to Accessible Yoga: Best Practices for Sharing Yoga with Every Body.  His books, classes, and trainings support yoga teachers and yoga therapists in finding ways to bring creativity and collaboration into their teaching while still respecting the ancient yoga tradition. Learn more at jivanaheyman.com Learn more with Alba Yoga Academy ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Learn more about our Yoga Teacher Training here.⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠ ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Watch our extensive library of YouTube videos.⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠ ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Follow Hannah on Instagram.⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠ ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Follow Celest on Instagram ⁠⁠

While the world waits on pins and needles to find out who will win the grand prize in the U.S. elections, there are notable queer campaigns that link to the same themes and could be significant in the big picture, such as the marriage equality Proposition 3 in California, and the Sen. Tammy Baldwin reelection campaign in the all-important state of Wisconsin. The specter of the conservative manifesto Project 2025 creates even more pressure. Psychologists S. Lee Tepper and Dr. Jonathan Mattias Lassiter help people handle the election anxiety. And in NewsWrap: Tel Aviv is taken off the list of potential hosts for a future ILGA World Conference, a second Japanese High Court has ruled that the federal government's resistance to marriage equality is unconstitutional, more than one in 10 Australian teenagers identify as queer in a University of Sydney survey, Dr. Hector Granados is the second gender-affirming healthcare physician taken to court by rabidly anti-queer Texas Attorney General Ken Paxton, ACLU's AIDS/HIV project co-director Chase Strangio will be the first out transgender attorney to argue a case before the U.S. Supreme Court, and more international LGBTQ news reported by Michael LeBeau and John Dyer V (produced by Brian DeShazor).  All this on the November 4, 2024 edition of This Way Out! Join our family of listener-donors today at http://thiswayout.org/donate/ NOTE TO RADIO STATIONS: The weekly program uploaded to SoundCloud will soon include a pitch for This Way Out/Overnight Productions (Inc.). Stations can download a pitch-free version from radio4all.net or Pacifica's AudioPort.Org. For more information, contact Brian@ThisWayOut.org.

In this episode, Hannah is joined by Expert by Experience Brian. Brian has had a colostomy since 2017 due to persistent anal fistulas. Listen to Brian's incredible journey from being a Catholic Priest to working with AIDS/HIV patients! Brian is passionate about breaking down stigmas and now he has a stoma, he is determined to get rid of that ‘poo taboo'! Presented by Hannah Paterson Produced by Vibrant Sound Media This podcast is intended to support UK healthcare professionals with education. The information provided in this podcast is not a substitute for professional medical advice or treatment, and patients are encouraged to consult healthcare providers, including nurses, for any medical questions or concerns.

This was recorded at the offices of SAYiT - an LGBTQIA+ youth charity in Sheffield and includes the expert knowledge of Dr Naomi Sutton (she/her), Liz Wilson (she/her) and Dr Jo Bassett (she/her) discussing why we need to remove the fear, stigma and general lack of understanding of HIV. Dr Naomi Sutton - "My issue is the word AIDS. I really don't like that word because of the campaign. I think we really need to start saying people with HIV. Language is really important" Liz Wilson - "There were two things going on that made it hard to tackle. The fear and stigma around HIV itself and the way that the government dealt with it, I think, encouraged that fear and stigma." Dr Jo Bassett on taking Prep - "There's a lot of education around that really needs to get out there". In this episode we talk about the how the UK responded in the 1980s when AIDS/HIV first came into our society, and then move onto how some of that misinformation remains even today when we now know so much more about it. If you have any questions about topics raised in this episode, or you would like to join us for another episode on this topic or something else related to the LGBTQIA+ community then get in touch with us at https://linktr.ee/proudchangemakers. We always love to hear from you. Please remember to rate, review and subscribe as it helps others find the podcast. Please show your support to SAYiT who are a fabulous charity who have helped us tremendously in our first year. https://www.sayit.org.uk/ Music was by ⁠Vitaliy Levkin⁠ from ⁠Pixabay⁠ Proud Changemakers exists to empower the LGBTQIA+ voluntary sector and civil society leaders of tomorrow. The community supports and champions LGBTQIA+ and other leaders and civil society organisations. Proud Changemakers is a community, a network and a group, organised and coordinated by volunteers. This is a new, emerging and developing community, which welcomes new members, connections, funders and supporters.

Bamby Salcedo is the CEO and President of the TransLatin@ Coalition, the largest trans-lead organisation in the United States, with a mission to improve and enrich the lives of trans Latin@ women. Her activism over 25 years has seen her champion issues across undocumented migrants, HIV-AIDS, youth incarceration, and of course, the LGBTQ community. Her leadership is powerful to behold, and I hope you enjoy this conversation.We discuss music by Mercedes Sosa, GIT, and Madonna.You can follow Bamby on Instagram here, and the TransLatin@ Coalition here, where you can donate to support their incredible work. Listen to all previous guest choices in one handy Spotify playlist, Selections from Tracks of Our Queers and follow the pod on Instagram.Support the showHelp keep Tracks of Our Queers ad-free by shouting me a coffee right here. Thank you for your support.

Prakash explores yoga as unity, emphasizing its role in bringing people together.She delves into Raja yoga, focusing on the study of yoga sutras, advocating for individual reflection and practical application of yogic principles.Capen addresses the challenge of self-judgment, advocating for a sense of humor in the pursuit of balance. She discusses the tendency to rank individuals in the spiritual realm and underscores the value of openness to diverse perspectives.Prakash Capen (KAY-pen) left behind her career in broadcasting when she realized her real passion — to serve by teaching yoga. Over the years, she was Director of the Integral Yoga Institutes in Washington DC, Boston, and San Francisco. In San Francisco, Prakash served as Director of Life Enhancement for the AIDS/HIV Study Group, taught a popular weekly meditation & yoga program for people with AIDS/HIV, worked with Dr. Dean Ornish‘s program for reversing heart disease, and began hospice service. A professional writer and editor, Prakash now focuses on concerns for those with chronic illness and disabilities, and, also, teaches application of yoga in daily life Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

Randy Laist, professor of English at Goodwin University and the University of Bridgeport, has a new edited volume focusing specifically on popular culture and the 1980s. The essays in The '80s Resurrected: Essays on the Decade in Popular Culture Then and Now (McFarland, 2023) approach this theme from a number of disciplinary perspectives, global positions, as well as a wide variety of pop cultural artifacts. Laist's effort in bringing together these essays was not just about reflecting on the 1980s, and particularly how the 1980s seems to be quite present in contemporary popular culture, but also because of the way that the 1980s has shaped our current political environment. The ‘80s Resurrected includes chapters on different media engagement and different issues that are fleshed out from different artifacts—including video games, film, television, dolls, and music. The ideas that these chapters dive into include questions of race, gender, class, sexuality, LGBTQ+, neoliberalism, misogyny, representation, and nationalism. There is much in this compilations of chapters that explores the nostalgic impulses that toggle between our contemporary moment and the Decade of Reagan and Thatcher, and how the political and economic impulses of that time have shaped our lives today. Many of the chapters also peel back the gloss of the foregrounded ideas of the 1980s, which highlighted white middle-class perspectives in mass culture. Many of the nostalgic ideas about the 1980s cover up the disturbing other side of the decade, with the war on drugs, the rise of the carceral state, AIDS/HIV, sexism and racism in the workplace all as parts of this same decade that is often seen as an era of shoulder pads, pussy bows, neon colors, body building, and swagger. The ‘80s Resurrected: Essays on the Decade in Popular Culture Then and Now brings the reader along in considering how ideas like “making America great again” are connected to our thinking about the arbitrary construction of the importance of delineating decades and the impact they may have on our concept of ourselves and the nation state. As we discuss in the interview, even defining particular decades against each other is rather arbitrary, and to then weight those individual decades with various kinds of import further contributes to this artificial framing. Even so, it is hard to break out of this construction, and The ‘80s Resurrected examines why this particular bracket of time, which is also marked by the elections of Ronald Reagan in the United States and Margaret Thatcher in the United Kingdom at the beginning of the decade and the fall of communism at the end of the decade, remains important to our understanding of history, politics, culture, ideology, economics, and concepts of self and nation. This is an engaging and fascinating assortment of chapters by a global collection of scholars. Lilly J. Goren is a professor of political science at Carroll University in Waukesha, WI. She is co-host of the New Books in Political Science channel at the New Books Network. She is co-editor of The Politics of the Marvel Cinematic Universe (University Press of Kansas, 2022), as well as co-editor of the award winning book, Women and the White House: Gender, Popular Culture, and Presidential Politics (University Press of Kentucky, 2012). She can be reached @gorenlj.bsky.social Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/new-books-network

Randy Laist, professor of English at Goodwin University and the University of Bridgeport, has a new edited volume focusing specifically on popular culture and the 1980s. The essays in The '80s Resurrected: Essays on the Decade in Popular Culture Then and Now (McFarland, 2023) approach this theme from a number of disciplinary perspectives, global positions, as well as a wide variety of pop cultural artifacts. Laist's effort in bringing together these essays was not just about reflecting on the 1980s, and particularly how the 1980s seems to be quite present in contemporary popular culture, but also because of the way that the 1980s has shaped our current political environment. The ‘80s Resurrected includes chapters on different media engagement and different issues that are fleshed out from different artifacts—including video games, film, television, dolls, and music. The ideas that these chapters dive into include questions of race, gender, class, sexuality, LGBTQ+, neoliberalism, misogyny, representation, and nationalism. There is much in this compilations of chapters that explores the nostalgic impulses that toggle between our contemporary moment and the Decade of Reagan and Thatcher, and how the political and economic impulses of that time have shaped our lives today. Many of the chapters also peel back the gloss of the foregrounded ideas of the 1980s, which highlighted white middle-class perspectives in mass culture. Many of the nostalgic ideas about the 1980s cover up the disturbing other side of the decade, with the war on drugs, the rise of the carceral state, AIDS/HIV, sexism and racism in the workplace all as parts of this same decade that is often seen as an era of shoulder pads, pussy bows, neon colors, body building, and swagger. The ‘80s Resurrected: Essays on the Decade in Popular Culture Then and Now brings the reader along in considering how ideas like “making America great again” are connected to our thinking about the arbitrary construction of the importance of delineating decades and the impact they may have on our concept of ourselves and the nation state. As we discuss in the interview, even defining particular decades against each other is rather arbitrary, and to then weight those individual decades with various kinds of import further contributes to this artificial framing. Even so, it is hard to break out of this construction, and The ‘80s Resurrected examines why this particular bracket of time, which is also marked by the elections of Ronald Reagan in the United States and Margaret Thatcher in the United Kingdom at the beginning of the decade and the fall of communism at the end of the decade, remains important to our understanding of history, politics, culture, ideology, economics, and concepts of self and nation. This is an engaging and fascinating assortment of chapters by a global collection of scholars. Lilly J. Goren is a professor of political science at Carroll University in Waukesha, WI. She is co-host of the New Books in Political Science channel at the New Books Network. She is co-editor of The Politics of the Marvel Cinematic Universe (University Press of Kansas, 2022), as well as co-editor of the award winning book, Women and the White House: Gender, Popular Culture, and Presidential Politics (University Press of Kentucky, 2012). She can be reached @gorenlj.bsky.social Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/history

Randy Laist, professor of English at Goodwin University and the University of Bridgeport, has a new edited volume focusing specifically on popular culture and the 1980s. The essays in The '80s Resurrected: Essays on the Decade in Popular Culture Then and Now (McFarland, 2023) approach this theme from a number of disciplinary perspectives, global positions, as well as a wide variety of pop cultural artifacts. Laist's effort in bringing together these essays was not just about reflecting on the 1980s, and particularly how the 1980s seems to be quite present in contemporary popular culture, but also because of the way that the 1980s has shaped our current political environment. The ‘80s Resurrected includes chapters on different media engagement and different issues that are fleshed out from different artifacts—including video games, film, television, dolls, and music. The ideas that these chapters dive into include questions of race, gender, class, sexuality, LGBTQ+, neoliberalism, misogyny, representation, and nationalism. There is much in this compilations of chapters that explores the nostalgic impulses that toggle between our contemporary moment and the Decade of Reagan and Thatcher, and how the political and economic impulses of that time have shaped our lives today. Many of the chapters also peel back the gloss of the foregrounded ideas of the 1980s, which highlighted white middle-class perspectives in mass culture. Many of the nostalgic ideas about the 1980s cover up the disturbing other side of the decade, with the war on drugs, the rise of the carceral state, AIDS/HIV, sexism and racism in the workplace all as parts of this same decade that is often seen as an era of shoulder pads, pussy bows, neon colors, body building, and swagger. The ‘80s Resurrected: Essays on the Decade in Popular Culture Then and Now brings the reader along in considering how ideas like “making America great again” are connected to our thinking about the arbitrary construction of the importance of delineating decades and the impact they may have on our concept of ourselves and the nation state. As we discuss in the interview, even defining particular decades against each other is rather arbitrary, and to then weight those individual decades with various kinds of import further contributes to this artificial framing. Even so, it is hard to break out of this construction, and The ‘80s Resurrected examines why this particular bracket of time, which is also marked by the elections of Ronald Reagan in the United States and Margaret Thatcher in the United Kingdom at the beginning of the decade and the fall of communism at the end of the decade, remains important to our understanding of history, politics, culture, ideology, economics, and concepts of self and nation. This is an engaging and fascinating assortment of chapters by a global collection of scholars. Lilly J. Goren is a professor of political science at Carroll University in Waukesha, WI. She is co-host of the New Books in Political Science channel at the New Books Network. She is co-editor of The Politics of the Marvel Cinematic Universe (University Press of Kansas, 2022), as well as co-editor of the award winning book, Women and the White House: Gender, Popular Culture, and Presidential Politics (University Press of Kentucky, 2012). She can be reached @gorenlj.bsky.social Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/political-science

Randy Laist, professor of English at Goodwin University and the University of Bridgeport, has a new edited volume focusing specifically on popular culture and the 1980s. The essays in The '80s Resurrected: Essays on the Decade in Popular Culture Then and Now (McFarland, 2023) approach this theme from a number of disciplinary perspectives, global positions, as well as a wide variety of pop cultural artifacts. Laist's effort in bringing together these essays was not just about reflecting on the 1980s, and particularly how the 1980s seems to be quite present in contemporary popular culture, but also because of the way that the 1980s has shaped our current political environment. The ‘80s Resurrected includes chapters on different media engagement and different issues that are fleshed out from different artifacts—including video games, film, television, dolls, and music. The ideas that these chapters dive into include questions of race, gender, class, sexuality, LGBTQ+, neoliberalism, misogyny, representation, and nationalism. There is much in this compilations of chapters that explores the nostalgic impulses that toggle between our contemporary moment and the Decade of Reagan and Thatcher, and how the political and economic impulses of that time have shaped our lives today. Many of the chapters also peel back the gloss of the foregrounded ideas of the 1980s, which highlighted white middle-class perspectives in mass culture. Many of the nostalgic ideas about the 1980s cover up the disturbing other side of the decade, with the war on drugs, the rise of the carceral state, AIDS/HIV, sexism and racism in the workplace all as parts of this same decade that is often seen as an era of shoulder pads, pussy bows, neon colors, body building, and swagger. The ‘80s Resurrected: Essays on the Decade in Popular Culture Then and Now brings the reader along in considering how ideas like “making America great again” are connected to our thinking about the arbitrary construction of the importance of delineating decades and the impact they may have on our concept of ourselves and the nation state. As we discuss in the interview, even defining particular decades against each other is rather arbitrary, and to then weight those individual decades with various kinds of import further contributes to this artificial framing. Even so, it is hard to break out of this construction, and The ‘80s Resurrected examines why this particular bracket of time, which is also marked by the elections of Ronald Reagan in the United States and Margaret Thatcher in the United Kingdom at the beginning of the decade and the fall of communism at the end of the decade, remains important to our understanding of history, politics, culture, ideology, economics, and concepts of self and nation. This is an engaging and fascinating assortment of chapters by a global collection of scholars. Lilly J. Goren is a professor of political science at Carroll University in Waukesha, WI. She is co-host of the New Books in Political Science channel at the New Books Network. She is co-editor of The Politics of the Marvel Cinematic Universe (University Press of Kansas, 2022), as well as co-editor of the award winning book, Women and the White House: Gender, Popular Culture, and Presidential Politics (University Press of Kentucky, 2012). She can be reached @gorenlj.bsky.social Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/american-studies

Randy Laist, professor of English at Goodwin University and the University of Bridgeport, has a new edited volume focusing specifically on popular culture and the 1980s. The essays in The '80s Resurrected: Essays on the Decade in Popular Culture Then and Now (McFarland, 2023) approach this theme from a number of disciplinary perspectives, global positions, as well as a wide variety of pop cultural artifacts. Laist's effort in bringing together these essays was not just about reflecting on the 1980s, and particularly how the 1980s seems to be quite present in contemporary popular culture, but also because of the way that the 1980s has shaped our current political environment. The ‘80s Resurrected includes chapters on different media engagement and different issues that are fleshed out from different artifacts—including video games, film, television, dolls, and music. The ideas that these chapters dive into include questions of race, gender, class, sexuality, LGBTQ+, neoliberalism, misogyny, representation, and nationalism. There is much in this compilations of chapters that explores the nostalgic impulses that toggle between our contemporary moment and the Decade of Reagan and Thatcher, and how the political and economic impulses of that time have shaped our lives today. Many of the chapters also peel back the gloss of the foregrounded ideas of the 1980s, which highlighted white middle-class perspectives in mass culture. Many of the nostalgic ideas about the 1980s cover up the disturbing other side of the decade, with the war on drugs, the rise of the carceral state, AIDS/HIV, sexism and racism in the workplace all as parts of this same decade that is often seen as an era of shoulder pads, pussy bows, neon colors, body building, and swagger. The ‘80s Resurrected: Essays on the Decade in Popular Culture Then and Now brings the reader along in considering how ideas like “making America great again” are connected to our thinking about the arbitrary construction of the importance of delineating decades and the impact they may have on our concept of ourselves and the nation state. As we discuss in the interview, even defining particular decades against each other is rather arbitrary, and to then weight those individual decades with various kinds of import further contributes to this artificial framing. Even so, it is hard to break out of this construction, and The ‘80s Resurrected examines why this particular bracket of time, which is also marked by the elections of Ronald Reagan in the United States and Margaret Thatcher in the United Kingdom at the beginning of the decade and the fall of communism at the end of the decade, remains important to our understanding of history, politics, culture, ideology, economics, and concepts of self and nation. This is an engaging and fascinating assortment of chapters by a global collection of scholars. Lilly J. Goren is a professor of political science at Carroll University in Waukesha, WI. She is co-host of the New Books in Political Science channel at the New Books Network. She is co-editor of The Politics of the Marvel Cinematic Universe (University Press of Kansas, 2022), as well as co-editor of the award winning book, Women and the White House: Gender, Popular Culture, and Presidential Politics (University Press of Kentucky, 2012). She can be reached @gorenlj.bsky.social Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/communications

Randy Laist, professor of English at Goodwin University and the University of Bridgeport, has a new edited volume focusing specifically on popular culture and the 1980s. The essays in The '80s Resurrected: Essays on the Decade in Popular Culture Then and Now (McFarland, 2023) approach this theme from a number of disciplinary perspectives, global positions, as well as a wide variety of pop cultural artifacts. Laist's effort in bringing together these essays was not just about reflecting on the 1980s, and particularly how the 1980s seems to be quite present in contemporary popular culture, but also because of the way that the 1980s has shaped our current political environment. The ‘80s Resurrected includes chapters on different media engagement and different issues that are fleshed out from different artifacts—including video games, film, television, dolls, and music. The ideas that these chapters dive into include questions of race, gender, class, sexuality, LGBTQ+, neoliberalism, misogyny, representation, and nationalism. There is much in this compilations of chapters that explores the nostalgic impulses that toggle between our contemporary moment and the Decade of Reagan and Thatcher, and how the political and economic impulses of that time have shaped our lives today. Many of the chapters also peel back the gloss of the foregrounded ideas of the 1980s, which highlighted white middle-class perspectives in mass culture. Many of the nostalgic ideas about the 1980s cover up the disturbing other side of the decade, with the war on drugs, the rise of the carceral state, AIDS/HIV, sexism and racism in the workplace all as parts of this same decade that is often seen as an era of shoulder pads, pussy bows, neon colors, body building, and swagger. The ‘80s Resurrected: Essays on the Decade in Popular Culture Then and Now brings the reader along in considering how ideas like “making America great again” are connected to our thinking about the arbitrary construction of the importance of delineating decades and the impact they may have on our concept of ourselves and the nation state. As we discuss in the interview, even defining particular decades against each other is rather arbitrary, and to then weight those individual decades with various kinds of import further contributes to this artificial framing. Even so, it is hard to break out of this construction, and The ‘80s Resurrected examines why this particular bracket of time, which is also marked by the elections of Ronald Reagan in the United States and Margaret Thatcher in the United Kingdom at the beginning of the decade and the fall of communism at the end of the decade, remains important to our understanding of history, politics, culture, ideology, economics, and concepts of self and nation. This is an engaging and fascinating assortment of chapters by a global collection of scholars. Lilly J. Goren is a professor of political science at Carroll University in Waukesha, WI. She is co-host of the New Books in Political Science channel at the New Books Network. She is co-editor of The Politics of the Marvel Cinematic Universe (University Press of Kansas, 2022), as well as co-editor of the award winning book, Women and the White House: Gender, Popular Culture, and Presidential Politics (University Press of Kentucky, 2012). She can be reached @gorenlj.bsky.social Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/popular-culture

22 September 2023 - 12PM EST - Good morning and happy Friday! Today, Joe and Apollo discuss the missing F-35 and the released phone call from the pilot to 911. In addition, they touch on a video of Zelenskyy thanking the United States for our aid, even though he is continuing to request billions of dollars more, and it's actually subjugating his people to death and destruction. Joe makes commentary on the offensive AID memorial sculpture, which cost half a million dollars and makes a mockery of AID/HIV. And finally, they discuss the trans agenda. Joe encourages us to take a stand, learn the power of the word no, and use your voices where ever we can!  Follow us on Social Media: https://libertylinks.io/ConservativeDaily https://libertylinks.io/JoeOltmann https://libertylinks.io/Apollo   Impeach AG GARLAND! Send this message to Congress and tell them they MUST impeach Merrick Garland! https://conservative-daily.com/impeachment/urgent-impeach-attorney-general-merrick-garland-he-is-loyal-to-biden-not-the-constitution  

21 September 2023- Joe Oltmann Live 12PM EST - Good morning! Today, Joe is joined by Dr. Jan Halper Hayes. Dr. Jan Halper Hayes is internationally recognized for developing integrated strategies that speak to the needs of customers, employees and voters. Dr. Hayes and Joe discuss the fraudulent 2020 election, how evil has infiltrated our society, and what we can do to fight for our nation. Dr. Hayes and Joe also discuss President Trump, the surrounding individuals, how he was a perfect person to bankrupt the cooperation of the United States. The duo touch on Fauci, how he is a destructive pawn, and how he stole AIDS and HIV research.  Follow us on Social Media: https://libertylinks.io/ConservativeDaily https://libertylinks.io/JoeOltmann https://libertylinks.io/Apollo   STOP THE SURVEILLANCE STATE! Send this message to Congress and tell them NO to CBDCs! https://conservative-daily.com/economy/urgently-support-central-bank-digital-currency-anti-surveillance-state-act-stop-the-surveillance

A new publication released today by UNAIDS shows that bringing the pandemic to a close by 2030, is possible, provided governments make the right political and financial choices.The Path that Ends AIDS, contains data and case studies which highlight the way out, and shows that countries and leaders who have committed to the fight, are achieving extraordinary results.For more insight on the new report and how governments and communities can collaborate to end the disease once and for all, UN News's Pauline Batista spoke to Dr. Angeli Achrekar, Deputy Executive Director for the Programme Branch at UNAIDS. 

To coincide with the 2023 Women Deliver Conference in Kigali, Rwanda in July 2023, Sharing the Mic explores the impact of the AIDS epidemic on girls and women who remain disproportionately affected by HIV. Joining Ben and co-host Frontline AIDS' Oratile Moseki, are Vuyiseka Dubula of the Stephen Lewis Foundation, and Joyce Ouma from Y Plus Global to explain why HIV is a feminist issue. https://frontlineaids.org https://womendeliver.org/conference/wd2023 https://stephenlewisfoundation.org https://www.yplusglobal.org https://www.ashotinthearmpodcast.com #HIV #Women #Feminism #WomenDeliver #WD2023

Anne Aslett is the CEO of the Elton John AIDS Foundation, the 5th largest nonprofit AIDS fundraiser in the world which has helped save over 5 million lives from its founding in 1992. Throughout her time with the organization, Anne has expanded its reach globally, and continued to help raise awareness of HIV/AIDS and end the stigma surrounding those affected – reaching over 100 million people in the process. In this episode of Claim Your Confidence we discuss the multitude of projects she took on in her early career – from journalism to consulting, how she first got involved with fundraising for HIV/AIDS, and the Elton John AIDS Foundation's next steps. Don't miss this interview where we talk about:Her early childhood in Sydney, Australia, her family's subsequent move to London, and how she adjusted to her new environmentAnne's travels to the Middle East for journalism work during her early career, and how she found confidence through the culture shockHow careers are built off of multiple stepping stones, and how trial and error is often the key to finding the path that is truly fulfilling for youHow Anne was personally affected by the AIDS/HIV epidemic, and what drove her to commit to making a difference through fundraisingAnne's impact on the Elton John AIDS Foundation, her experience working with Elton John, and what she's doing to help the foundation reach its goal of ending the AIDS epidemic for goodFind Anne Aslett:https://www.eltonjohnaidsfoundation.orgIG: @anneaslettTwitter: @AnneAslett1Follow Lydia:www.lydiafenet.comIG: @lydiafenetLinkedIn: Lydia Fenet

Anne Aslett is the CEO of the Elton John AIDS Foundation, the 5th largest nonprofit AIDS fundraiser in the world which has helped save over 5 million lives from its founding in 1992. Throughout her time with the organization, Anne has expanded its reach globally, and continued to help raise awareness of HIV/AIDS and end the stigma surrounding those affected – reaching over 100 million people in the process. In this episode of Claim Your Confidence we discuss the multitude of projects she took on in her early career – from journalism to consulting, how she first got involved with fundraising for HIV/AIDS, and the Elton John AIDS Foundation's next steps. Don't miss this interview where we talk about: Her early childhood in Sydney, Australia, her family's subsequent move to London, and how she adjusted to her new environment Anne's travels to the Middle East for journalism work during her early career, and how she found confidence through the culture shock How careers are built off of multiple stepping stones, and how trial and error is often the key to finding the path that is truly fulfilling for you How Anne was personally affected by the AIDS/HIV epidemic, and what drove her to commit to making a difference through fundraising Anne's impact on the Elton John AIDS Foundation, her experience working with Elton John, and what she's doing to help the foundation reach its goal of ending the AIDS epidemic for good Find Anne Aslett: https://www.eltonjohnaidsfoundation.org/ IG: @anneaslett Twitter: @AnneAslett1 Follow Lydia: www.lydiafenet.com IG: @lydiafenet LinkedIn: Lydia Fenet Don't forget to subscribe to the podcast for free wherever you're listening or by using this link: https://bit.ly/ClaimYourConfidencePodcast If you like the show, telling a friend about it would be amazing! You can text, email, Tweet, or send this link to a friend: https://bit.ly/ClaimYourConfidencePodcast Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices

Was the AIDS-HIV campaign but a prelude to the COVID-19 mega fraud   Did you know that AIDS-HIV campaign was  but a prelude to the COVID-19 mega fraud?  Nearly all the same hoaxes and scientific frauds aimed at increasing the wealth and power of Anthony Fauci, the big government health agencies, the pharmaceutical industry, the investors, and the elites.     Host Peter  Breggin MD has an in-depth discussion with Rebecca Culshaw, PhD,  a mathematician working with disease models, and author of The Real AIDS Epidemic.  Both find that AIDS was a warm up for COVID-18.  There was the same suppression of good inexpensive treatments and the touting of disastrous expensive ones.  The same false testing and the same oppression of anyone dissenting from the narrative and ultimately. And the same insane rush to make a vaccine that there never was.   Dr. Breggin concludes there was one big difference between the conduct of the AIDS and the COVID-19 campaign.  This time they decided to go ahead with vaccines that they know don't work and that kill people. 

In 1981 the first reports were coming in about a fast moving virus that breaks down the immune system. By the end of the decade HIV and AIDs were global and one of the leading causes of death in illnesses. How did this happen? Where did this come from? The boys tackle this heavy subject that has taken the lives of nearly 40 million people across the planet.  Reach out to us - We would love to hear from you! www.theconspiracypodcast.com info@theconspiracypodcast.com Instagram Spotify Apple --- Send in a voice message: https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/theconspiracypodcast/message

In this episode we interview Justin Yoder of LGBT+ Outdoors. Growing up in a small town in Missouri, Justin was no stranger to the outdoors. Always camping and exploring, his love for being outside continued to grow. He also had a love for Africa - with Nat Geo being to blame. Justin decided to start a nonprofit to support the children of Africa while combating Aids/HIV. Shortly after he 'came out', and while navigating his new journey came to a realization - there was an inherent lack of diversity present in the outdoor space for the LGBT+ community. This discovery inspired him to start LGBT+ Outdoors as a safe haven for others to share their love for the outdoors. Now with local chapters across the country, clinics and special events, their nonprofit is impacting hundreds. If you've ever wondered why the outdoors is for everyone and how you can change your way of thinking, then this one's for you! Life in Motion is brought to you by Actual Outdoors. They help build beautiful brands that highlight the approachable and authentic parts of outdoor recreation. Said simply - they “keep it real”. Find them online at actualoutdoors.com or on Instagram at @actualoutdoors. Tweet us and let us know what you think of this episode! @illuminecollect Find more episodes at https://illuminecollect.com/blogs/news/life-in-motion-podcast Since 2017 Illumine has donated over $29,358 to outdoor nonprofits and shared over 135 stories on the Life in Motion Podcast.

AIDS'e, insan bağışıklık yetmezliği virüsü HIV yol açıyor. Bu durumda hastalıklara karşı vücudun direnci azalıyor. İlk olarak 80'li yıllarda tanımlanan virüs, şimdiye kadar dünya genelinde 79,3 milyon kişiye bulaştı. Sadece cinsel ilişki yoluyla geçmiyor. Çoğu insan dışlanma korkusuyla doktora gitmiyor, çevresine anlatmıyor. Podcast Cosmo Türkçe toplumdaki bu tabu konuyu ele aldı. Von Aydin Isik.

UN emergency relief chief ends Ukraine visit pledging solidarityUkraine: Human Rights Council hears of summary executionsCommunities must be empowered to lead fight against HIV pandemic, says UNAIDS

Ukraine: HIV patients in war-hit Donbass need antivirals now: WHOSomalia: famine narrowly averted - for now, warn UN humanitariansGlobal trade growth turns negative after record year: UNCTAD

Forty years into the battle against AIDS, a new UN report spotlights fundamental inequalities as the key reason why the disease has yet to be eradicated. Just ahead of World AIDS Day, César Núñez of UNAIDS, the UN agency leading the fight against the virus, told UN News that gender inequality is “a key driver” of the epidemic – along with other prevailing inequalities, especially those impacting vulnerable sex workers, prisoners, and intravenous drug users. Mr. Núñez began his conversation with Liz Scaffidi by reflecting on the many years spent struggling to contain the disease worldwide. 

Forty years into the battle against AIDS, a new UN report spotlights fundamental inequalities as the key reason why the disease has yet to be eradicated. Just ahead of World AIDS Day, César Núñez of UNAIDS, the UN agency leading the fight against the virus, told UN News that gender inequality is “a key driver” of the epidemic – along with other prevailing inequalities, especially those impacting vulnerable sex workers, prisoners, and intravenous drug users. Mr. Núñez began his conversation with Liz Scaffidi by reflecting on the many years spent struggling to contain the disease worldwide. 

Two nurses share what it was like to be working during both the AIDS/HIV epidemic and Covid-19 pandemic; and how they memorialized these historic events.

This week, Jared and Rachel cover the drag king and activist, Stormé DeLarverie, and the South African activist, Simon Nkoli. ✸ Content Warnings: This episode contains adult themes and language, such as violence, injuries, racism, homophobia, dementia, segregation, imprisonment, AIDs/HIV, suicide, and death. Stormé DeLarverie: "Drag Herstory: A Drag King's Journey From Cabaret Legend to Iconic Activist" by Elyssa Goodman "It Wasn't No Damn Riot: Celebrating Stonewall Uprising Activist Stormé DeLarverie" by Jodi-Ann Burey "A Brief History of Stormé DeLarverie, Stonewall's Suiting Icon" by Rachel Tashjian Stormé's Biography from the U.S. National Park Services Stormé's Biography by Harley Osgood "Storme DeLarverie, Early Leader in the Gay Rights Movement, Dies at 93" by William Yardley Stormé's Wikipedia Page Simon Nkoli: "Till the time of Trial: The prison letters of Simon Nkoli" Simon Nkoli's Profile from South African History Online Simon Nkoli's Legacy Project Profile Simon Nkoli's Making Queer History Profile "Simon Nkoli, Queer South African Freedom Fighter" by Maria Helena Dolan ✎ Make sure to send in your personal listener stories to historicallyreallygoodfriends@gmail.com to be read on the podcast! ✦ Feel free to rate, review, and subscribe wherever you listen. ☻ Give us a follow on Instagram @historicallyreally to see photos from today's episode! --- This episode is sponsored by · Anchor: The easiest way to make a podcast. https://anchor.fm/app

UC San Diego's Last Gift study aims to identify where HIV hides in the body of individuals who are terminally ill from a disease other than HIV, like cancer, ALS, or heart disease. Karine Dubé, DrPH, MPhil, Sarah Gianella Weibel, MD, Andy Kaytes,and Susanna Concha-Garcia discuss the ethical implications of the study, the experiences of the participants, the study components, and what can be learned. Series: "Exploring Ethics" [Health and Medicine] [Show ID: 37319]

I was fortunate to be joined on this episode by Dr. David Rasnick. Dr. Rasnick is one of those HIV/AIDS dissenting voices mentioned in the Real Anthony Fauci book. You will be hearing a discussion between myself and Dr. Rasnick about the book, the AIDS/HIV dogma, and its parallels to the current Covid situation.If you really want to know all the details and particulars of the AIDS/HIV hypothesis you are going to have to read the book or at least review some of the online materials.I'll put some more info on my SubStack where you can download this intro, get more information from the linked pages and if you subscribe to my Substack channel it's a great way to get notified of new content and to post comments, rebuttals, or just yell and scream at everyone. 

Follow Mark Wilkinson on Twitter: https://twitter.com/MarkJoseph_82Follow Mark Wilkinson on Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/markjoseph82/Mark's "Bisexual Oysters" paper: https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/1750481318817624Two Bi Guys is now sponsored by Zencastr! You can get 30% off Zencastr for 3 months with promo code: twobiguys -- or just click this link: https://zencastr.com/pricing?coupon=twobiguys&fpr=ex42o. Start recording your own podcast or meetings today! We're back with part 2 of our interview with Mark Wilkinson, a PhD candidate at Lancaster University studying media representation of the LGBT+ community, and we pick right up where we left off, analyzing the use of the word "bisexual" in the British press during the 80s, 90s, and through 2017. Mark discusses how the term became much more widely used during the AIDS/HIV crisis and the implications of that association, as well as how it shifted to becoming more of an identity in the 2000s as opposed to a word describing behavior or sexual activity.We also chatted about changes happening just in the last few years, like the rise of the term "pansexual" and a push for more "queer" spaces. Then we talked about challenging basic assumptions about sexuality, like the fact that gender is the basis for most labels, as opposed to, for example, what sexual acts turn you on or your preferred relationship structure. Finally we touched on queer politics and the power of linguistics to both divide and unite. Two Bi Guys is produced and edited by Rob CohenCreated by Rob Cohen and Alex BoydLogo art by Kaitlin WeinmanMusic by Ross MintzerWe are supported by The GothamMade on Zencastr #MadeOnZencastr

In this episode we do our first business spotlight w/Coach Lex-Alexis McAfee, we also bring in Renata "Philly Jawnpreneur" who is an AIDS/HIV activist to discuss world aids day and bust some myths about HIV/AIDS. Chief joins the show to discuss Omicron and the conspiracies surrounding COVID-19

The remarkable conversion of HIV/AIDS from an inevitable death sentence to a manageable chronic illness is not only one of the most noteworthy medical achievements of the past forty years, but it is also a significant political and social achievement.rnrnCeleste Watkins-Hayes, PhD, author of Remaking a Life: How Women Living with HIV/AIDS Confront Inequality, outlines the importance of the activism and community leadership that led the way to address this seemingly unsurmountable problem. She points to the significance of looking for leadership in unexpected places, the value of constructive conflict among diverse groups, and the willingness to see this public health threat through the lens of inequality as useful lessons that can apply to many of our challenges, including the Covid-19 pandemic.rnrnThe HIV movement offers a hopeful reminder in the time of COVID-19 of the power of ordinary citizens to change the world and a call to action to address the disparities and challenges that persist.rnrnJoin the City Club virtually with Watkin Hayes as we mark World AIDS Day on the 40th year since the AIDS/HIV pandemic began.