Podcasts about RDF

Juan Sequeda and Jesus Barrasa are among the top experts on graphs in the world. In this episode, we chat about the definitions of semantics, ontologies, and the differences between RDF and property graphs, etc. We also talk about how AI is giving graphs a new surge of interest.

On this episode of the Crazy Wisdom Podcast, host Stewart Alsop welcomes Jessica Talisman, a senior information architect deeply immersed in the worlds of taxonomy, ontology, and knowledge management. The conversation spans the evolution of libraries, the shifting nature of public and private access to knowledge, and the role of institutions like the Internet Archive in preserving digital history. They also explore the fragility of information in the digital age, the ongoing battle over access to knowledge, and how AI is shaping—and being shaped by—structured data and knowledge graphs. To connect with Jessica Talisman, you can reach her via LinkedIn.  Check out this GPT we trained on the conversation!Timestamps00:05 – Libraries, Democracy, Public vs. Private Knowledge Jessica explains how libraries have historically shifted between public and private control, shaping access to knowledge and democracy.00:10 – Internet Archive, Cyberattacks, Digital Preservation Stewart describes visiting the Internet Archive post-cyberattack, sparking a discussion on threats to digital preservation and free information.00:15 – AI, Structured Data, Ontologies, NIH, PubMed Jessica breaks down how AI trains on structured data from sources like NIH and PubMed but often lacks alignment with authoritative knowledge.00:20 – Linked Data, Knowledge Graphs, Semantic Web, Tim Berners-Lee They explore how linked data enables machines to understand connections between knowledge, referencing the vision behind the semantic web.00:25 – Entity Management, Cataloging, Provenance, Authority Jessica explains how libraries are transitioning from cataloging books to managing entities, ensuring provenance and verifiable knowledge.00:30 – Digital Dark Ages, Knowledge Loss, Corporate Control Stewart compares today's deletion of digital content to historical knowledge loss, warning about the fragility of digital memory.00:35 – War on Truth, Book Bans, Algorithmic Bias, Censorship They discuss how knowledge suppression—from book bans to algorithmic censorship—threatens free access to information.00:40 – AI, Search Engines, Metadata, Schema.org, RDF Jessica highlights how AI and search engines depend on structured metadata but often fail to prioritize authoritative sources.00:45 – Power Over Knowledge, Open vs. Closed Systems, AI Ethics They debate the battle between corporations, governments, and open-source efforts to control how knowledge is structured and accessed.00:50 – Librarians, AI Misinformation, Knowledge Organization Jessica emphasizes that librarians and structured knowledge systems are essential in combating misinformation in AI.00:55 – Future of Digital Memory, AI, Ethics, Information Access They reflect on whether AI and linked data will expand knowledge access or accelerate digital decay and misinformation.Key InsightsThe Evolution of Libraries Reflects Power Struggles Over Knowledge: Libraries have historically oscillated between being public and private institutions, reflecting broader societal shifts in who controls access to knowledge. Jessica Talisman highlights how figures like Andrew Carnegie helped establish the modern public library system, reinforcing libraries as democratic spaces where information is accessible to all. However, she also notes that as knowledge becomes digitized, new battles emerge over who owns and controls digital information​​.The Internet Archive Faces Systematic Attacks on Knowledge: Stewart Alsop shares his firsthand experience visiting the Internet Archive just after it had suffered a major cyberattack. This incident is part of a larger trend in which libraries and knowledge repositories worldwide, including those in Canada, have been targeted. The conversation raises concerns that these attacks are not random but part of a broader, well-funded effort to undermine access to information​​.AI and Knowledge Graphs Are Deeply Intertwined: AI systems, particularly large language models (LLMs), rely on structured data sources such as knowledge graphs, ontologies, and linked data. Talisman explains how institutions like the NIH and PubMed provide openly available, structured knowledge that AI systems train on. Yet, she points out a critical gap—AI often lacks alignment with real-world, authoritative sources, which leads to inaccuracies in machine-generated knowledge​​.Libraries Are Moving From Cataloging to Entity Management: Traditional library systems were built around cataloging books and documents, but modern libraries are transitioning toward entity management, which organizes knowledge in a way that allows for more dynamic connections. Linked data and knowledge graphs enable this shift, making it easier to navigate vast repositories of information while maintaining provenance and authority​​.The War on Truth and Information Is Accelerating: The episode touches on the increasing threats to truth and reliable information, from book bans to algorithmic suppression of knowledge. Talisman underscores the crucial role librarians play in preserving access to primary sources and maintaining records of historical truth. As AI becomes more prominent in knowledge dissemination, the need for robust, verifiable sources becomes even more urgent​​.Linked Data is the Foundation of Digital Knowledge: The conversation explores how linked data protocols, such as those championed by Tim Berners-Lee, allow machines and AI to interpret and connect information across the web. Talisman explains that institutions like NIH publish their taxonomies in RDF format, making them accessible as structured, authoritative sources. However, many organizations fail to leverage this interconnected data, leading to inefficiencies in knowledge management​​.Preserving Digital Memory is a Civilization-Defining Challenge: In the digital age, the loss of information is more severe than ever. Alsop compares the current state of digital impermanence to the Dark Ages, where crucial knowledge risks disappearing due to corporate decisions, cyberattacks, and lack of preservation infrastructure. Talisman agrees, emphasizing that digital archives like the Internet Archive, WorldCat, and Wikimedia are foundational to maintaining a collective human memory​​.

Hong Minhee is an open source developer and the creator of the Fedify ActivityPub server framework. We talk about how applications like Mastodon and Misskey communicate with one another using ActivityPub. This includes discussions on built-in activites, extending the specification in a backwards compatible way, difficulties implementing JSON-LD, the inbox model, and his experience implementing the specification. Hong Minhee: activitypub profile fedify hollo Specifications: ActivityPub W3C specification JSON Linked Data Resource Description Framework W3C Semantic Web Standards ActivityPub and WebFinger ActivityPub and HTTP Signatures ActivityPub implementations: Mastodon Misskey Akkoma Pleroma Pixelfed Lemmy Loops GoToSocial ActivityPub support in Ghost Threads has entered the Fediverse ActivityPub tools: ActivityPub Academy BrowserPub fedify CLI -- Transcript You can help correct transcripts on GitHub. What's ActivityPub? [00:00:00] Jeremy: Today, I'm talking to Hong Minhee. He is the developer of Fedify. A TypeScript library for building ActivityPub server applications. The first thing I think we should start with is defining ActivityPub. what is ActivityPub? [00:00:16] Hong: ActivityPub is the protocol that lets social networks talk to each other and it's officially recommended by W3C. It's what powers this thing we call the Fediverse which is basically a way for different social media platforms to work together. Users of ActivityPub [00:00:39] Jeremy: Can you give some examples that people might have heard of -- either users of ActivityPub or things that are a part of this fediverse? [00:00:50] Hong: Mastodon is probably the biggest one out there. And you know what's interesting? Meta threads has actually started implementing ActivityPub this summer. So this still pretty much a one way street right now. In East Asia, especially Japan, there's this really popular microblogging platform called misskey. It's got so many forks that people actually joke around and called them forkeys. but it's not just about Twitter style microblogging, there's Pixelfed which is kind of like Instagram, but for the fediverse. And those same folks recently launched loops. Which is basically doing what TikTok does, but in the Fediverse. Then you've got stuff like Lemmy and which are doing the reddit thing up in the Fediverse. [00:02:00] Jeremy: Oh like Reddit. [00:02:01] Hong: Yeah. There are so much more out there that I haven't even mentioned. Um, most of it is open source, which is pretty cool. [00:02:13] Jeremy: So the first few examples you gave, Mastodon and Meta's threads, they're very similar to, to Twitter, right? So that's what you were calling the, the Microblogging applications. And I think what you had said, which is a little bit interesting is you had said Metas threads is only one way. So could you kind of describe like what you mean by that? [00:02:37] Hong: Currently meta threads only can be followed by other ActivityPub applications but you cannot follow other people in the fediverse. [00:02:55] Jeremy: People who are using another Microblogging platform like Mastodon can follow someone on Meta's Threads platform. But the other way is not true. If you're on threads, you can't follow someone on Mastodon. [00:03:07] Hong: Yes, that's right. [00:03:09] Jeremy: And that's not a limitation of the protocol itself. That's a design decision or a decision made by Meta. [00:03:17] Hong: Yeah. They are slowly implementing ActivityPub and I hope they will implement complete ActivityPub in the future. Interoperability through Activities [00:03:27] Jeremy: And then the other examples you gave, one is I believe it was Pixel Fed is very similar to Instagram. And then the last examples you gave was I think it was Lemmy, you said it's similar to Reddit. Because you mentioned the term Fediverse before and you mentioned that these all use ActivityPub and since these seem like different kinds of applications, what does it mean for them to interact? Because with Mastodon and Threads I can kind of understand because they're both similar to Twitter. So you're posting messages and replying, but, but what does it mean, for example, for someone on Mastodon to interact with someone on Lemmy which is like Reddit because they seem very different. [00:04:16] Hong: People in Lemmy and Mastodon are called actors and can follow each other. They have interactions between them called activities. And there are several types of activities like, create and follow and undo, like, and so on. So, ActivityPub applications tend to, use these vocabulary to implement their features. So, for example, Lemmy uses like activities for upvoting and like activities for down voting and it's translated to likes in Mastodon. So if you submit a post on Lemmy and it shows up on your Mastodon timeline. If you like that post (it) is upvoting in Lemmy. [00:05:36] Jeremy: And probably similarly with Pixelfed, which you said is like Instagram, if you follow someone's Pixelfed account in Mastodon and they post a photo in Pixel Fed, they would see it as a post in Mastodon natively and they could give it a like there. Adding activities or properties [00:05:56] Jeremy: And these activities that you mentioned -- So the like and the dislike are those part of ActivityPub itself? [00:06:05] Hong: Yes, and this vocabulary can be extended. [00:06:10] Jeremy: So you can add, additional actions (activities) or are you adding information (properties) to the existing actions? [00:06:37] Hong: It is called activity vocabulary, and there are, things like accept, add, arrive, block, create lead, dislike, flag, follow, ignore invite, join, and so on. So, basically, almost everything you need to build social media is already there in the vocabulary, but if you want to extend some more, you can define your, own vocabulary. [00:06:56] Jeremy: Most of the things that an Instagram or a Twitter, or a Reddit would need is already there. But you're saying that you can have your own vocabulary. So if there's an action or an activity that is not covered by the specification, you can create one yourself. [00:07:13] Hong: Yes. For example, Misskey and Pleroma defined emoji reactor to represent emoji reactions. [00:07:25] Jeremy: Because the systems can extend the vocabulary. What are some other examples of cases where mastodon or any other of these systems has found that the existing vocabulary is not enough. What are some other examples of applications extending it? [00:07:45] Hong: For example, uh, mastodon defined suspended -- suspended property. They are not activities, but they are properties in the activity. ActivityPub consists of several types of objects and there are activities and normal objects like, article. they can have properties and there are several existing properties, but they can be also extended. So Mastodon extended some properties they need. So for example, they define suspended or discoverable. [00:08:44] Hong: Suspended for to tell if an actor is suspended by moderators. Discoverable tells if an actor itself wants to be, searched and indexed, and there are much more properties. Mastodon extended. Actors [00:09:12] Jeremy: And these are, these are properties of the actor. These are properties of the user? [00:09:19] Hong: Yes. Actors. [00:09:21] Jeremy: Cause I think earlier you mentioned that. The concept of a user is an actor, and it sounds like what you're saying is an actor can have all these properties. There's probably a, a username and things like that, but Mastodon has extended the properties so that, you can have a property on whether you wanna be searched or indexed you can have a property that says you're suspended. So I guess your account, is still there, but can't be used anymore. Something we should probably talk about then is, so you have these actors, you have these activities that I'm assuming the actors are performing on one another. What does that data look like and what does the communication look like? [00:10:09] Hong: Actors have their own dereferencable URI and when you look up that URI you get all the info about the actor in JSON-LD format [00:10:22] Jeremy: JSON-LD? [00:10:23] Hong: Yeah. JSON-LD. linked data. (The) Actor has all the stuff you expect to find on a social account name, bio URL to the profile page, profile picture, head image and more. And there are five main types of actors: application, group, organization, person and service. And you know how sometimes on Mastodon you will see an account marked as a bot? [00:10:58] Jeremy: A bot? [00:10:59] Hong: Yeah. Bot and that's what an actor of type service looks like. And the ActivityPub spec actually let you create other types beyond these five. But I haven't seen anyone actually do that yet. JSON-LD [00:11:15] Jeremy: And you mentioned that these are all JSON objects. but the LD part, the linked data part, I'm not familiar with. So what different about the linked data part of the JSON? [00:11:31] Hong: So JSON-LD is the special way of writing RDF. Which was originally used in the semantic web. Usually RDF uses (a) format (that) is called triples. [00:11:48] Jeremy: Triples? [00:11:49] Hong: Yeah, subject and predicate and object. [00:11:55] Jeremy: Subject, predicate, object. Can you give an example of what those three would be? [00:12:00] Hong: For example, is a person, it's a triple. John is a subject and is a predicate [00:12:11] Jeremy: is, is the predicate. [00:12:12] Hong: Okay. And person is a object. That's great for showing how things are connected, but it is pretty different from how we usually handle data in REST for APIs and stuff. Like normally we say a personal object has property like name, DOB, bio, and so on. And a bunch of subject predicated object triples that's where JSON-LD comes in -- is designed to look more like the JSON we are used to working with, while still being able to represent RDF Graphs. RDF graph are ontology. It's a way to represent factual data, but is, quite different from, how we represent data in relational database. And it's a bunch of triples each subject and objects are nodes and predicates connect these nodes. Semantic Web [00:13:30] Jeremy: You mentioned the Semantic web, what does that mean? What is the semantic web? [00:13:35] Hong: It's a way to represent web in the structural way, is machine readable so that you can, scan the data in the web, using scrapers or crawlers. [00:13:52] Jeremy: Scrapers -- or what was the second one? Crawling. [00:13:59] Hong: Yeah. Then you can have graph data of web and you can, query information about things from the data. [00:14:14] Jeremy: So is the web as it exists now, is that the Semantic web or is it something different? [00:14:24] Hong: I think it is partially semantic web, you have several metadata in Your HTML. For example, there are several specification for semantic web, like, OpenGraph metadata. [00:14:32] Jeremy: Cause when I think about OpenGraph, I think about the metadata on a webpage that, that tells other applications or websites that if you link to this page: show this image or show this title and description. You're saying that specifically you consider part of the semantic web? [00:15:05] Hong: That's, semantic web. To make your website semantic web. Your website should be able to, provide structural data. And other people can make Scrapers to scan, structural data from your website. There are a bunch of attributes and text for HTML to represent metadata. For example you have relation attribute rel so if you have a link with rel=me to your another social profile. Then other people can tell two web pages represent the same person. [00:16:10] Jeremy: Oh, I see. So you could have more than one website. Maybe one is your blog and maybe one is your favorite birds or something like that. But you could put a rel tag with information about you as a person so that someone who scrapes both websites could look at that tag and see that both of these websites are by, Hong, by this person. JSON-LD is difficult to implement and not used as intended [00:16:43] Hong: Yeah. I think JSON-LD is, designed for semantic web, but in reality, ActivityPub implementations, most of them are, not aware of semantic web. [00:17:01] Jeremy: The choice of JSON Linked Data, the JSON-LD, by the people who made the specification -- They had this idea that things that implemented ActivityPub would be a part of this semantic web, but the actual implementation of a Mastodon or a Pixelfed, they use JSON-LD because it's part of the specification, but the way they use it, it ends up not really being a part of this semantic web. [00:17:34] Hong: Yeah, that's exactly.. [00:17:37] Jeremy: You've mentioned that implementing it is difficult. What makes implementing JSON LD particularly hard? [00:17:48] Hong: The JSON-LD is quite complex. Which is why a lot of programming language don't even have JSON-LD implementations and it's pretty slow compared to just working with the regular JSON. So, what happens is a lot of ActivityPub implementations just treat JSON-LD like (it) is regular JSON without using a proper JSON-LD processor. You can do that, but it creates a source of headache. In JSON-LD there are weird equivalences like if a property is missing or if it's an empty array, that means the same thing. Or if a property has one value versus an array with just that one value in it, same thing. So when you are writing code to parse JSON-LD, you've got to keep checking if something's an array how long it is and all that is super easy to mess up. It's not just reading JSON-LD that's tricky. Creating it is just as bad. Like you might forget to include the right context metadata for a vocabulary and end up with a JSON-LD document that's either invalid or means something totally different from what you wanted. Even the big ActivityPub implementations mess this up pretty often. With Fedify we've got a JSON-LD processor built in and we keep running into issues where major ActivityPub implementations create invalidate JSON-LD. We've had to create workaround for all of them, but it's not pretty and causes kind of a mess. [00:19:52] Jeremy: Even though there is a specification for JSON-LD, it sounds like the implementers don't necessarily follow it. So you are kind of parsing JSON-LD, but not really. You're parsing something that. Looks like JSON-LD, but isn't quite it. [00:20:12] Hong: Yes, that's right. [00:20:14] Jeremy: And is that true in the, the biggest implementations, Mastodon, for example, are there things that it sends in its activities that aren't valid JSON-LD? [00:20:26] Hong: Those implementations that had bad JSON-LD tends to fix them soon as a possible. But regressions are so often made. Yeah. [00:20:45] Jeremy: Even within Mastodon, which is probably one of the largest implementers of ActivityPub, there are cases where it's not valid, JSON-LD and somebody fixes it. But then later on there are other messages or other activities that were valid, but aren't valid anymore. And so it's this, it's this back and forth of fixing them and causing new issues it sounds ... [00:21:15] Hong: Yeah. Yeah. Right. [00:21:17] Jeremy: Yeah. That sounds very difficult to deal with. How instances communicate (Inbox) [00:21:20] Jeremy: We've been talking about the messages themselves are this special format of JSON that's very particular. but how do these instances communicate with one another? [00:21:32] Hong: Most of time, it all starts with a follow. Like when John follows Alice, then Alice adds both John and John's inbox URI to her followers list, and after John follows Alice, Whenever Alice posts something new that activities get sent to John's inbox behind the scenes. This is just one HTTP post request. Even though ActivityPub is built on HTTP. It doesn't really care about the HTTP response beyond did it work or not. If you want to reply to an activity, you need to figure out the standard inbox, URI and send or reply activity there. [00:22:27] Jeremy: If we define all the terms, there's the actor, which is the person, each actor can send different activities. those activities are in the form of a JSON linked data. [00:22:40] Hong: Yeah. [00:22:42] Jeremy: And everybody has an inbox. And an inbox is an HTTP URL that people post to. [00:22:50] Hong: Right. [00:22:52] Jeremy: And so when you think about that, you had mentioned that if you have a list of followers, let's say you have a hundred followers, would that mean that you have the URLs to all hundred of those follower's inboxes and that you would send one HTTP post to each inbox every time you had a new message? [00:23:16] Hong: Pretty much all ActivityPub implementations have, a thing called shared inbox, it's exactly what it sounds like. One inbox that all actors on a server share. Private stuff like DMs don't go there (it) is just for public posts and thoughts. [00:23:36] Jeremy: I think we haven't really talked about the fact that, when you have multiple users, usually they're on a server, right? That somebody chooses. So you could have tens of thousands, I don't know how many people can fit on the same server. But, rather than, you having to post to each user individually, you can post to the shared inbox on this server. So let's say, of your 100 followers, 50 them are on the same server, and you have a new post, you only need to post to the shared inbox once. [00:24:16] Hong: Yes, that's right. [00:24:18] Jeremy: And in that message you would I assume have links to each of the profiles or actors that you wanted to send that message to. [00:24:30] Hong: Yeah. Scaling challenges [00:24:31] Jeremy: Something that I've seen in the past is there are people who have challenges with scaling. Their Mastodon instance or their implementations of ActivityPub. As the, the number of followers grow, I've seen a post about, ghost one of the companies you work with mentioning that they've had challenges there. What are the challenges there and, and how do you think those can be resolved? [00:25:04] Hong: To put this in context, when Ghost mentioned the scaling, they were not using Message Queue yet. I'm pretty sure using Message Queue would help a lot of their scaling problems. That said it is definitely true that a lot of activity post software has trouble with scaling right now. I think part of the problem is that everyone's using this purely event driven approach to sending activities around. One of the big issues is that when their delivery fails it's the sender who has to retry and not the receiver. Plus there's all this overhead because the sender has to authenticate itself with HTTP signatures every time. Actually the ActivityPub spec suggests using polling too so I'd love to see more ActivityPub software try using both approaches together. [00:26:16] Jeremy: You mean the followers would poll who they're following instead of the person posting the messages having to send their posts to everyone's inboxes. [00:26:29] Hong: Yeah. [00:26:29] Jeremy: I see. So that's a part of the ActivityPubs specification, but not implemented in a lot of ActivityPub implementations, And so it sounds like maybe that puts a lot of burden on the servers that have people with a lot of followers because they have to post to every single, follower server and maybe the server is slow or they can't reach it. And like you said, they have to just keep trying and trying. There could be a lot of challenges there. [00:27:09] Hong: Right. Account migration [00:27:10] Jeremy: We've talked a little bit about the fact that each person each actor is hosted by a server and those servers can host multiple actors. But if you want to move to another server either because your server is shutting down or you just would like to change servers, what are some of the challenges there? [00:27:38] Hong: ActivityPub and Fediverse already have the specification for an account move. It's called FEP-7628 Move Actor. First thing you need to do when moving an account is prove that both the old and new accounts belong to the same person. You do this by adding the all accounts, add the URI to the new account's AlsoKnownAs property. And then the old account contacts all the other instances it's moving by sending out a move activity. When a server gets this move activity, it checks that both accounts really do belong to the same parts, and then it makes all the accounts that, uh, were following the, all the accounts start to, following the new one instead. that's how the new account gets to keep all the, all the accounts follow us. pretty much all, all the major activity post software has this feature built in, for example, Mastodon Misskey you name it. [00:29:04] Jeremy: This is very similar to the post where when you execute a move, the server that originally hosted that actor, they need to somehow tell every single other server that was following that account that you've moved. And so if there's any issues with communicating with one of those servers, or you miss one, then it just won't recognize that you've moved. You have to make sure that you talk to every single server. [00:29:36] Hong: That's right. [00:29:38] Jeremy: I could see how that could be a difficult problem sometimes if you have a lot of followers. [00:29:45] Hong: Yeah. Fedify [00:29:46] Jeremy: You've created a TypeScript library Fedify for building ActivityPub powered applications. What was the reason you decided to create Fedify? [00:29:58] Hong: Fedify is (a) ActivityPub servers framework I built for TypeScript. It basically takes away a lot of headaches you'd get trying to implement (an) ActivityPub server from scratch. The whole thing started because I wanted to build hollo -- A single user microblogging platform I built. But when I tried, to implement ActivityPub from (the) ground up it was kind of a nightmare. Imagine trying to write a CGI program in Perl or C back in the late nineties, where you are manually printing, HTTP headers and HTML as bias. there just wasn't any good abstraction layer to go with. There were already some libraries and frameworks for ActivityPub out there but none of them really hit the sweet spot I was looking for. They were either too high level and rigid. Like you could only build a mastodon clone or they barely did anything at all. Or they were written in languages I didn't really know. Ghost and Fedify [00:31:24] Jeremy: I saw that you are doing some work with, ghost. How is Ghost using fedify? [00:31:30] Hong: Ghost is an open source publishing platform. They have put some money into fedify which is why I get to work on it full time now. Their ActivityPub feature is still in private beta but it should be available to everyone pretty soon. We work together to improve fedify. Basically they are a user of fedify. They report bugs request new features to fedify then I fix them or implement them, first. [00:32:16] Jeremy: Ghost to my understanding is a blogging platform and a a newsletter platform. So what does it mean for them to implement ActivityPub? What would somebody using Mastodon, for example, get when they follow somebody using Ghost? [00:32:38] Hong: Ghost will have a fediverse handle for each blog. If you follow them in your mastodon or something (similar) then a new post is published. These post will show up (in) your timeline in Mastodon and you can like them or share them. Andin the dashboard of Ghost you can see who liked their posts or shared their posts and so on. It is like how mastodon works but in Ghost. [00:33:26] Jeremy: I see. So if you are writing a ghost blog and somebody follows your blog from Mastodon, sort of like we were talking about earlier, they can like your post, and on the blog itself you could show, oh, I have 200 likes. And those aren't necessarily people who were on your ghost website, they could be people that were liking your post from Mastodon. [00:33:58] Hong: Yes. Misskey / Forkey development in Asia [00:34:00] Jeremy: Something you mentioned at the beginning was there is a community of developers in Asia making forks of I believe of Mastodon, right? [00:34:13] Hong: Yeah. [00:34:14] Jeremy: Do you have experience working in that development community? What's different about it compared to the more Western centric community? [00:34:24] Hong: They are very similar in most ways. The key difference is language of course. They communicate in Japanese primarily. They also accept pull requests with English. But there are tons of comments in Japanese in their code. So you need to translate them into English or your first language to understand what code does. So I think that makes a barrier for Western developers. In fact, many Western developers that contribute to misskey or forkey are able to speak a little Japanese. And many of the developers of misskey and forkey are kind of otaku. [00:35:31] Jeremy: Oh otaku okay. [00:35:33] Hong: It's not a big deal, but you can see (the) difference in a glance. [00:35:41] Jeremy: Yeah. You mentioned one of the things that I believe misskey implemented was the emoji reactions and maybe one of the reasons they wanted that was so that they could react to each other's posts with you know anime pictures or things like that. [00:35:58] Hong: Yeah, that's right. [00:36:01] Jeremy: You've mentioned misskey and forkey. So is misskey a fork of Mastodon and then is forkey a fork of misskey? [00:36:10] Hong: No, misskey is not a fork of mastodon. (It) is built from scratch. It's its own implementation. And forkeys are forks of Mastodon. [00:36:22] Jeremy: Oh, I see. But both of those are primarily built by Japanese developers. [00:36:30] Hong: Yes. Whereas Mastodon (is) written in Ruby. Ruby on Rails. But misskey is built in TypeScript. [00:36:40] Jeremy: And because of ActivityPub -- they all implement it. So you can communicate with people between mastodon and misskey because they all understand the same activities. [00:36:56] Hong: Yes. Backwards compatible activity implementations [00:36:57] Jeremy: You did mention since there are extensions like misskey has the emoji reactions. When there is an activity that an implementation doesn't support what happens between the two servers? Do you send it to a server's inbox and then the server just doesn't do anything with it? [00:37:16] Hong: Some implementers consider backwards compatibility. So they design (it) to work with other implementations that don't support that activity. For example misskey uses like activity for emoji reaction. So if you put an emoji to a Mastodon post then in Mastodon you get one like. So it's intended behavior by misskey developers that they fall back to normal likes. But sometimes ActivityPub implementers introduce entirely new activity types. For example Pleroma introduced the emoji react. And if you put emoji reaction to Mastodon post from Pleroma in Mastodon you have nothing to see because Mastodon just ignores them. [00:38:37] Jeremy: If I understand correctly, both misskey and Pleroma are independent implementations of ActivityPub, but with misskey, they can tell when or their message is backwards compatible where it's if you don't understand the emoji reaction, it'll be embedded inside of a like message. Whereas with Pleroma they send an activity that Mastodon can't understand at all. So it just doesn't do anything. [00:39:11] Hong: Yes, right. But, Misskey also understands (the) emoji react activity. So between pleroma and misskey they have exchanged emoji reactions with no problem. [00:39:27] Jeremy: Oh, I see. So they, they both understand that activity. They both implement it the same way, but then when misskey communicates with Mastodon or with an instance that it knows doesn't understand it, it sends something different. [00:39:45] Hong: Yeah, that's right. [00:39:47] Jeremy: The servers -- can they query one another to know which activities they support? [00:39:53] Hong: Usually ActivityPub implementations also implement NodeInfo specification. It's like a user agent-like thing in Fediverse. Implementations tell the other instance (if it) is Mastodon or something else. You can query the type of server. [00:40:20] Jeremy: Okay, so within ActivityPub are each of the servers -- is the term node is that the word they use for each server? [00:40:31] Hong: Yes. Right. [00:40:32] Jeremy: You have the nodes, which can have any number of actors and the servers send activities to one another, to each other's inboxes. And so those are the way they all communicate. [00:40:49] Hong: Yeah. Building an ActivityPub implementation [00:40:50] Jeremy: You've implemented ActivityPub with Fedify because you found like there weren't good enough implementations or resources already. Did you implement it based off of the specification or did you look at existing implementations while you were building your implementation? [00:41:12] Hong: To be honest, instead of just, diving into the spec. I usually start by looking at actually ActivityPub software code first. The ActivityPub spec is so vague that you can't really build something just from reading it. So when we talk about ActivityPub, we are actually talking about a whole bunch of other technical standards too, WebFinger, HTTP signatures and more. So you need to understand all of these as well. [00:41:47] Jeremy: With the specification alone, you were saying it's too vague and so what ends up being -- I'm not sure if it's right to call it a spec, but looking at the implementations that people have already made that collectively becomes the spec because trying to follow the spec just by itself is maybe too difficult. [00:42:12] Hong: Yes. [00:42:14] Jeremy: Maybe that brings up the issues you were talking about before where you have specifications like JSON-LD where they're so complicated that even the biggest implementations aren't quite following it exactly. [00:42:28] Hong: Yeah. [00:42:29] Jeremy: If somebody wanted to, to get started with understanding a little bit more about ActivityPub or building something with it where would you recommend they start? [00:42:44] Hong: I recommend to dig into a lot of code from actual implementations. First, Mastodon, Misskey, Akkoma and so on. There are are some really cool tools that have been so helpful. For example, ActivityPub Academy is this awesome mastodon server for debugging ActivityPub. It makes it super easy to create a temporary account and see what activities are going back and forth. There is also BrowserPub. BrowserPub is this neat tool for looking up and browsing ActivityPub objects. It's really handy when you want to see how different ActivityPub software handles various features. I also recommend to use Fedify. I've got to mention the Fedify CLI, which comes with some really useful tools. [00:43:46] Jeremy: So if someone uses Fedify they're writing an application in TypeScript, then it sounds like they have to know the high level concepts. They have to know what are the different activities, what is inside of an actor. But the actual implementation of how do I create and parse JSON linked data, those kinds of things are taken care of by the library. [00:44:13] Hong: Yes, right. [00:44:16] Jeremy: So in some ways it seems like it might be good to, like you were saying, use the tools you mentioned to create a test Mastodon account, look at the messages being sent back and forth, and then when you're trying to implement it, starting with something like Fedify might be good because then you can really just focus on the concepts and not worry so much about the, the implementation details. [00:44:43] Hong: Yes, that's right. [00:44:45] Jeremy: Is there anything else you. Wanted to mention or thought we should have talked about? [00:44:52] Hong: Mm. I want to, talk about, a lot of stuff about ActivityPub but it's difficult to speak in English for me, so, it's a shame to talk about it very little. [00:45:15] Jeremy: We need everybody to learn Korean right? [00:45:23] Hong: Yes, please. (laughs) [00:45:23] Jeremy: Yeah. Well, I wanna thank you for taking the time. I know it must have been really challenging to give an interview in, you know, a language that's not your native one. So thank you for spending the time to talk with me. [00:45:38] Hong: Thank you for having me.

La photo d'Abdoul Sacko est à la Une de Ledjely, Guinée 7 ou encore Aminata. La presse guinéenne revient largement sur la libération de l'opposant, retrouvé vivant mais « dans un état critique » après avoir été enlevé tôt mercredi matin à son domicile. Africa Guinée s'en fait aussi l'écho, publiant le communiqué rédigé hier par les avocats d'Abdoul Sacko. « Notre client », disent-ils, « a été retrouvé par des paysans dans un état critique, torturé et abandonné par ses ravisseurs en brousse près le camp 66, dans la préfecture de Forecariah ». Guinée 7 reprend également les propos des avocats d'Abdoul Sacko, selon lesquels « en raison de son état critique, des dispositions ont été prises afin qu'il reçoivent les premiers soins dans une clinique de Conakry. En attendant le rapport médical complet de cette clinique », Abdoul Sacko a nous dit-on été « placé en lieu sûr pour des raisons de santé et de sécurité ». Les avocats d'Abdoul Sacko rappellent également qu'avant d'être enlevé, il avait été l'objet de menaces, qui les avaient conduits à porter plainte contre X.Réfugiés congolais au BurundiÀ la Une également, la guerre dans l'est de la République démocratique du Congo. Selon Afrik.com, plusieurs centaines de policiers congolais ont « quitté l'est de la RDC, ces derniers jours, pour se réfugier au Burundi, fuyant les violences et l'insécurité ». Ce qu'a confirmé le ministre burundais de l'intérieur, Martin Niteretse. Le ministre a dans le même temps précisé « que le Burundi avait accueilli un total de 20 000 réfugiés congolais dans la province de Cibitoké et 5000 dans la commune de Gihanga ». D'où une situation humanitaire « préoccupante », nous dit Afrik.com, le ministre burundais de l'intérieur a précisé que son pays « mobilisait actuellement des ressources pour apporter son aide à ces réfugiés, notamment en termes d'hébergement, de nourriture et d'assistance sanitaire ». « Le Burundi » remarque Afrik.com, « se trouve à un carrefour diplomatique difficile. Il a signé un accord de coopération militaire avec la RDC en septembre 2023, et se retrouve désormais en première ligne de cette crise migratoire ».Liste noireLa presse congolaise revient également sur les sanctions américaines imposées à un ministre rwandais et un responsable congolais de l'Alliance du Fleuve Congo -M23. « Les États-Unis sanctionnent James Karabere et Lawrence Kanyuka », titre Actualité.cd, « ils sont ajoutés à la liste noire du Bureau de contrôle des avoirs étrangers, pour leurs activités liées à la rébellion dans l'est du pays ». « Notre objectif », précisent les États-Unis, « est de demander des comptes à ces responsables qui permettent les activités déstabilisatrices des RDF et du M23 dans l'est de la RDC ». De son côté, Objectif-infos.cd, s'attarde sur le profil de « James Kabarebe, le ministre rwandais de la coopération régionale, au cœur du soutien du Rwanda au M23 ». Les États-Unis sanctionnent également Lawrence Kanyuka, « porte-parole du M23 et de l'Alliance du Fleuve Congo et deux de ses sociétés enregistrées au Royaume-Uni et en France ». « À en croire le département américain du Trésor chargé du terrorisme et du renseignement financier », conclut Objectif-infos.cd, « les États-Unis restent déterminés à garantir une solution pacifique de ce conflit ».RévisionEnfin en Côte d'Ivoire, « la France rétrocède le camp militaire de Port-Bouët ». C'est à la Une de Média Afrique News. Le site d'information précise que la cérémonie organisée hier « s'inscrit dans le cadre d'une révision de la présence militaire française en Afrique ». « Le 20 janvier dernier », poursuit Média Afrique News, « un bataillon de 90 parachutistes ivoiriens a pris ses quartiers dans le camp, bénéficiant d'infrastructures modernes pour améliorer leur préparation opérationnelle », Koaci de son côté, rend compte de la cérémonie organisée hier, lors de laquelle le ministre français de la défense Sébastien Lecornu, a estimé que « la France ne disparaissait pas mais qu'elle transformait sa présence ». 

La photo d'Abdoul Sacko est à la Une de Ledjely, Guinée 7 ou encore Aminata. La presse guinéenne revient largement sur la libération de l'opposant, retrouvé vivant mais « dans un état critique » après avoir été enlevé tôt mercredi matin à son domicile. Africa Guinée s'en fait aussi l'écho, publiant le communiqué rédigé hier par les avocats d'Abdoul Sacko. « Notre client », disent-ils, « a été retrouvé par des paysans dans un état critique, torturé et abandonné par ses ravisseurs en brousse près le camp 66, dans la préfecture de Forecariah ». Guinée 7 reprend également les propos des avocats d'Abdoul Sacko, selon lesquels « en raison de son état critique, des dispositions ont été prises afin qu'il reçoivent les premiers soins dans une clinique de Conakry. En attendant le rapport médical complet de cette clinique », Abdoul Sacko a nous dit-on été « placé en lieu sûr pour des raisons de santé et de sécurité ». Les avocats d'Abdoul Sacko rappellent également qu'avant d'être enlevé, il avait été l'objet de menaces, qui les avaient conduits à porter plainte contre X.Réfugiés congolais au BurundiÀ la Une également, la guerre dans l'est de la République démocratique du Congo. Selon Afrik.com, plusieurs centaines de policiers congolais ont « quitté l'est de la RDC, ces derniers jours, pour se réfugier au Burundi, fuyant les violences et l'insécurité ». Ce qu'a confirmé le ministre burundais de l'intérieur, Martin Niteretse. Le ministre a dans le même temps précisé « que le Burundi avait accueilli un total de 20 000 réfugiés congolais dans la province de Cibitoké et 5000 dans la commune de Gihanga ». D'où une situation humanitaire « préoccupante », nous dit Afrik.com, le ministre burundais de l'intérieur a précisé que son pays « mobilisait actuellement des ressources pour apporter son aide à ces réfugiés, notamment en termes d'hébergement, de nourriture et d'assistance sanitaire ». « Le Burundi » remarque Afrik.com, « se trouve à un carrefour diplomatique difficile. Il a signé un accord de coopération militaire avec la RDC en septembre 2023, et se retrouve désormais en première ligne de cette crise migratoire ».Liste noireLa presse congolaise revient également sur les sanctions américaines imposées à un ministre rwandais et un responsable congolais de l'Alliance du Fleuve Congo -M23. « Les États-Unis sanctionnent James Karabere et Lawrence Kanyuka », titre Actualité.cd, « ils sont ajoutés à la liste noire du Bureau de contrôle des avoirs étrangers, pour leurs activités liées à la rébellion dans l'est du pays ». « Notre objectif », précisent les États-Unis, « est de demander des comptes à ces responsables qui permettent les activités déstabilisatrices des RDF et du M23 dans l'est de la RDC ». De son côté, Objectif-infos.cd, s'attarde sur le profil de « James Kabarebe, le ministre rwandais de la coopération régionale, au cœur du soutien du Rwanda au M23 ». Les États-Unis sanctionnent également Lawrence Kanyuka, « porte-parole du M23 et de l'Alliance du Fleuve Congo et deux de ses sociétés enregistrées au Royaume-Uni et en France ». « À en croire le département américain du Trésor chargé du terrorisme et du renseignement financier », conclut Objectif-infos.cd, « les États-Unis restent déterminés à garantir une solution pacifique de ce conflit ».RévisionEnfin en Côte d'Ivoire, « la France rétrocède le camp militaire de Port-Bouët ». C'est à la Une de Média Afrique News. Le site d'information précise que la cérémonie organisée hier « s'inscrit dans le cadre d'une révision de la présence militaire française en Afrique ». « Le 20 janvier dernier », poursuit Média Afrique News, « un bataillon de 90 parachutistes ivoiriens a pris ses quartiers dans le camp, bénéficiant d'infrastructures modernes pour améliorer leur préparation opérationnelle », Koaci de son côté, rend compte de la cérémonie organisée hier, lors de laquelle le ministre français de la défense Sébastien Lecornu, a estimé que « la France ne disparaissait pas mais qu'elle transformait sa présence ». 

Rwanda Talks Tough Over South Africa Threat, Romanians Cede To M23 In Gomahttps://osazuwaakonedo.news/rwanda-talks-tough-over-south-africa-threat-romanians-cede-to-m23-in-goma/31/01/2025/#Issues #Angolan #Congo #Constant #Cyril #DRC #EAC #France #Goma #João #Kagame #Kenya #Kenyatta #Kinshasa #Kivu #Lourenço #Masisi #Munzenze #Paul #Ramaphosa In a bitter reaction to the statement credited to South Africa President, Cyril Ramaphosa over the killing of 13 SA soldiers in Goma by M23 rebels, Rwanda President, Paul Kagame has talked tough over President Ramaphosa description of Rwanda Defence Force, RDF as a militia group working with M23 and the SA President's threat: reshared and commented on President Cyril Ramaphosa X social media post published on Wednessday, accused South Africa of being a party in the conflict in the Democratic Republic of Congo who always launch offensive operations against M23 rebels, only trying to manipulate the public by thus falsely claiming to be a peacekeeper in a war the SA has joined hands to escalate, this, as hundreds of Romania mercenaries contracted to fight against M23 rebels ceded or surrendered to M23 rebels in the present of the rebels spokesperson, Willy Ngoma in Goma who was seen in videos warning and cautioning the Romanians never to come to Congo to fight against them before the Romanians were transported to Rwanda for further assistance to their country. #OsazuwaAkonedo

*Key news articles for today*The Minister of Planning expects the agreement with the European Union to grant Egypt EUR4 billion in funding next June to support the budget as part of the structural reform program for the economy.Egypt's USD bonds were among the emerging markets' top gainers following Trump's return to the White House and the Gaza ceasefire. The government cleared up USD1 bn in arrears owed to foreign oil companies in the first week of January. A new schedule to settle the accumulated USD6.5 bn in arrears had been agreed on with companies, with repayments set to run from next month until June 2025.The Suez Canal is preparing to receive the navigation services of major shipping lines, as it is expected to benefit from the ceasefire agreement in the Gaza Strip. The Houthis have announced a halt to attacks on American and British ships in the Red Sea region, after the Gaza truce agreement came into effect.State-owned Arab Organization for Industrialization's (AOI) joint solar panel manufacturing project with Sweden's Sunshine Pro is set to be operational in July of this year and have a production capacity of 1 GW of panels by July 2026, AOI's Arab Renewable Energy Company Executive Director said. The project is expected to cost somewhere between USD200-300 mn.Over 12k medical tourists from 50 different countries visited Egypt for treatment in 2024, an increase of 200% y-o-y, the Egyptian Healthcare Authority said.The government targets proceeds of EGP250 million to EGP350 million from the offering of Misr Pharmaceuticals Company during 1H25. Sources told local press that the government intends to offer a 25% to 30% stake in the company, in addition to offering the same stake in Seed Pharma.OLFI Net profit recorded EGP279 million in 4Q24 (+70.9% YoY, -6.8% QoQ). In FY24, net profit recorded EGP1,000 million (+112.5% YoY). OLFI is currently trading at FY25f P/E of 7.4x.BoD proposed cash dividend distribution of EGP2.0/ share implying payout ratio of 80% and dividends yield of 10.4%.EGBE 4Q24 stand-alone bottom line recorded EGP620 million (-11% q/q, +69% y/y), bringing FY24 bottom line to EGP2,550 million (+80% y/y, and 18% higher than Al Ahly Pharos estimates). BoD proposed increasing the paid-in capital by EGP550.55 million through bonus shares and proposed cash dividends distribution of EGP0.99/per share.Ministry of Environment assigned cement companies to expand in establishing waste recycling plants to produce alternative fuel (RDF), with five cement players have committed to fund 13 plants throughout 2025.

Podcasting 2.0 December 6th 2024 Episode 203: "Tweak my Tweeters" Adam & Dave walk through the forthcoming wallet options and discuss app excitement ShowNotes We are LIT OpenMike and Parker for V4V doc and BBLive Wallets update Payer determines boost link location? Proposal: tag and API standard · Podcastindex-org/podcast-namespace · Discussion #676 · GitHub Dave Winer Me as figurehead Podcast movement Hall of Fame Why video? Next week: Chat Transcripts for live items - Podpingd Boostagram Ball Live GitHub - kagisearch/fastfeedparser: High performance RSS, Atom and RDF parser in Python. ------------------------------------- MKUltra chat Transcript Search What is Value4Value? - Read all about it at Value4Value.info V4V Stats Last Modified 12/06/2024 15:01:44 by Freedom Controller

Podcasting 2.0 December 6th 2024 Episode 203: "Tweak my Tweeters" Adam & Dave walk through the forthcoming wallet options and discuss app excitement ShowNotes We are LIT OpenMike and Parker for V4V doc and BBLive Wallets update Payer determines boost link location? Proposal: tag and API standard · Podcastindex-org/podcast-namespace · Discussion #676 · GitHub Dave Winer Me as figurehead Podcast movement Hall of Fame Why video? Next week: Chat Transcripts for live items - Podpingd Boostagram Ball Live GitHub - kagisearch/fastfeedparser: High performance RSS, Atom and RDF parser in Python. ------------------------------------- MKUltra chat Transcript Search What is Value4Value? - Read all about it at Value4Value.info V4V Stats Last Modified 12/06/2024 15:01:44 by Freedom Controller

Podcasting 2.0 November 29th 2024 Episode 202: "Walletpocalypse" Adam & Dave are joined by Oscar Merry of Fountain.Fm to discuss the switch to new V4V Wallets ShowNotes We are LIT Oscar Wallets Pod Pay nostr pay info Pod Pay Payment Demo What a payment message looks like (JSON) Why video? GitHub - kagisearch/fastfeedparser: High performance RSS, Atom and RDF parser in Python. ------------------------------------- MKUltra chat Transcript Search What is Value4Value? - Read all about it at Value4Value.info V4V Stats Last Modified 11/29/2024 11:19:34 by Freedom Controller

Podcasting 2.0 November 29th 2024 Episode 202: "Walletpocalypse" Adam & Dave are joined by Oscar Merry of Fountain.Fm to discuss the switch to new V4V Wallets ShowNotes We are LIT Oscar Wallets Pod Pay nostr pay info Pod Pay Payment Demo What a payment message looks like (JSON) Why video? GitHub - kagisearch/fastfeedparser: High performance RSS, Atom and RDF parser in Python. ------------------------------------- MKUltra chat Transcript Search What is Value4Value? - Read all about it at Value4Value.info V4V Stats Last Modified 11/29/2024 11:19:34 by Freedom Controller

Podcasting 2.0 November 22nd 2024 Episode 201: "Fugue State" Adam & Dave Talk about the new wallet system, for 2.0 V4V payments! ShowNotes We are LIT James' rant about YouTube - Dropped a lot of Boost Bombs This is a cycle, we've been through this before and it took about 7 years It's ALWAYS the content General demure attitude among some devs and podcasters Embrace Alby Hub - sunsetting Alby’s shared wallet | Alby User Guide Oscar Wallets Pay a Podcast The project - We accidentally took our own advice created a mission specific podcast player Local Live Actually a bit like the No Agenda Stream Social networks are starting to fail - Bsky and nostr 40% go to a website to play GitHub - kagisearch/fastfeedparser: High performance RSS, Atom and RDF parser in Python. ------------------------------------- MKUltra chat Transcript Search What is Value4Value? - Read all about it at Value4Value.info V4V Stats Last Modified 11/22/2024 14:15:34 by Freedom Controller

Podcasting 2.0 November 22nd 2024 Episode 201: "Fugue State" Adam & Dave Talk about the new wallet system, for 2.0 V4V payments! ShowNotes We are LIT James' rant about YouTube - Dropped a lot of Boost Bombs This is a cycle, we've been through this before and it took about 7 years It's ALWAYS the content General demure attitude among some devs and podcasters Embrace Alby Hub - sunsetting Alby’s shared wallet | Alby User Guide Oscar Wallets Pay a Podcast The project - We accidentally took our own advice created a mission specific podcast player Local Live Actually a bit like the No Agenda Stream Social networks are starting to fail - Bsky and nostr 40% go to a website to play GitHub - kagisearch/fastfeedparser: High performance RSS, Atom and RDF parser in Python. ------------------------------------- MKUltra chat Transcript Search What is Value4Value? - Read all about it at Value4Value.info V4V Stats Last Modified 11/22/2024 14:15:34 by Freedom Controller

How We Choose An FM25 Save - The FM Show Podcast Episode 64 As FM25 approaches, Tony, Si and RDF attempt to decide what their save on the new game might be. Will it be a Build A Nation? Will it be a journeyperson save? Or will they try Womens Football first of all? There is also a little moment where the boys reminisce about injuries that stopped them from being as contender. There are discussions on how the data presented in game can be made easier to digest, not saying anything needs to be stripped back. And there's also chat about potential different game modes or scenarios that FM players could use throughout their game. If you've enjoyed todays show, please leave a like on the video and consider hitting subscribe to the channel. Also leave a comment about your favourite part of the episode. Support us on Patreon and join the The FM Show squad! Enjoy early access to our public episodes, bonus weekly episodes, exclusive content, and you get access to secret channels on our Discord for just £3 a month! Sign up now: http://www.patreon.com/TheFMShowPod COME AND SEE US LIVE! Monday 4th Nov - Canal House, Nottingham https://www.nottinghamcomedyfestival.co.uk/the-fm-show-live Thanks to our sponsors FullTimePrints | http://www.fulltimeprints.com 10% off with promo code THEFMSHOW Surprise Shirts | http://www.surpriseshirts.co.uk 10% off with promo code FMSHOW Follow Our Socials https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCJwruCy5lH44iFcyE150oeg http://www.twitter.com/thefmshowpod https://www.tiktok.com/@thefmshowpod http://www.instagram.com/thefmshowpod Join the Discord: https://discord.gg/TKPCUEZDvt Listen Now Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/show/6t7BLXSECt0y9AWHU1WgRj Apple: https://podcasts.apple.com/gb/podcast/the-fm-show-a-football-manager-podcast/id1698580502 Amazon: https://a.co/d/9hJSX0U Tony Jameson http://www.tonyjameson.co.uk http://www.twitter.com/tonyjameson http://www.instagram.com/tonyjameson https://www.tiktok.com/@tonyjamesonfm https://www.facebook.com/tonyjamesonfm http://twitch.tv/tonyjamesonfm https://www.youtube.com/@tonyjamesonFM RDF Tactics https://www.rdftactics.com http://www.twitter.com/rdftactics http://www.instagram.com/rdftactics http://twitch.tv/rdftactics http://www.youtube.com/@RDFTactics Si Maggio http://www.twitter.com/simaggioFM http://www.twitch.tv/simaggio https://www.youtube.com/@SiMaggio Football Shirt Social http://www.twitter.com/footyshirtsoc https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=a0FIqZvpICI The Football Manager podcast for all of your Football Manager needs. #podcast #FM24 #footballmanager Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices

In honor of Hispanic Heritage Month, we're re-releasing this insightful episode with Natalia Rodriguez-Hilt, Senior Director at Raza Development Fund (RDF). Natalia discusses how RDF unlocks the $2.1 trillion revenue potential of Latino-owned businesses through creative financing solutions, including equity-like revenue-based loans. She also highlights the crucial role of Community Development Financial Institutions (CDFIs) and the importance of empowering under-resourced entrepreneurs to drive meaningful economic change.

Natalia Rodriguez-Hilt is the Senior Director of UnidosUS Affiliate Development and Small Business Strategies at Raza Development Fund. Natalia is a seasoned expert in economic and community development, with a passion for driving economic opportunity for entrepreneurs in underrepresented communities. We discuss how RDF unleashes unleash the power, potential and promise of Latino and other under-resourced communities to accelerate the $2.1 Trillion Dollar incremental revenue potential of Latino-owned business. WE talk about the need for creative financing to enable that growth (such as Equity-Like revenue-based loans), the role of CDFIs and how to empower entrepreneurs to ignite change.

durée : 01:08:12 - Les Nuits de France Culture - par : Albane Penaranda - Quatre ans après la disparition de l'écrivain et pilote Antoine de Saint-Exupéry lors d'une mission le 31 juillet 1944, la RDF propose une émission en forme de portrait scénarisé au cours de laquelle ceux qui l'ont connu, comme son ami l'écrivain Léon Werth, évoquent l'homme qu'il a été. - invités : Jules Roy Ecrivain et militaire français; Léon WERTH; Arthur Honegger Compositeur suisse (1892 au Havre – 1955 à Paris); Antoine de Saint-Exupéry Écrivain, reporter et aviateur (1900-1944)

Researchers from MTU's Sustainable Infrastructure Research and Innovation Group (SIRIG) will take part in a groundbreaking, multi-million euro project that aims to reduce dependency on fossil-based fertiliser imports through the increased use of Recycling Derived Fertilisers (RDFs). The ReNu2Cycle project will examine impacts on availability, ecological footprint, supply chain and price stability via the use of recycled Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium fertiliser from municipal, industrial, agricultural, food, business waste and other agricultural sources. The project is funded through the Interreg North-West Europe programme with a total project value of €4.9 million, with €3.0 million sourced from the European Regional Development Fund. MTU's role in this ambitious project encompasses stakeholder and sustainability engagement, developing a comprehensive life cycle assessment, and creating an inventory of recycling-derived fertilisers, as well as an array of other research activities in collaboration with ReNu2Cycle's project partners. This will build on the achievements of the ReNu2Farm project (2017 to 2023), which provided basic & regional quantified fertiliser demand research. The project will look to adapt regional best practices for North West Europe (NWE) through the innovative use of living lab concepts across all aspects of the project's research, ensuring long-term co-innovation & implementation support will be stimulated and encouraged. Future RDF use will be maximised by creating innovative fertiliser blends & business solutions for producers' portfolios, including sustainability assessment. RDFs will be blended, prototyped & demonstrated on farms within the project's regions using the Living Lab methodology to assess their suitability for NWE-wide adoption by farmers. All results will be capitalised in one transregional nutrient supply-demand strategy and regional action plans to empower individuals, regions, and countries to grow the bioeconomy and maximise the use of recycled fertilisers. Resource owners, fertiliser producers, traders & farming communities will benefit from this strategy and the latest EU policies allow a harmonised RDF market trade in NWE, contributing further to NWE food supply security. Within Ireland, Munster Technological University is joined by South East Technological University, University of Limerick and Teagasc along with project partners from across the NWE region within the education, research and governance sectors. Dr Niamh Power, who is leading ReNu2Cycle's research for Munster Technological University, said, "With more focus than ever on sustainable agriculture, recycling derived fertilisers can play their part in reducing the impact of the farming sector while contributing to food security. RDFs are the future."

durée : 00:16:25 - Les Nuits de France Culture - par : Albane Penaranda - Le 6 juin 1946, sur les ondes de la RDF, plusieurs témoignages sur le Débarquement de juin 1944 sont offerts aux auditeurs : celui d'un parachutiste du Special Air Service, Noël Créau, puis, enregsitrés en 1945, des entretiens avec des officiers britanniques et français des Commandos.

- Chính quyền thành phố Jakarta của Indonesia đã khởi động việc xây dựng nhà máy sản xuất nhiên liệu tái chế từ rác thải (RDF) để giải quyết vấn đề rác thải ngày càng tăng. Cơ sở mới được kỳ vọng sẽ trở thành một trong những nhà máy sản xuất nhiên liệu tái chế từ rác thải lớn nhất trên thế giới. Chủ đề : Jakarta, RDF --- Support this podcast: https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/vov1tintuc/support

durée : 00:12:48 - Les Nuits de France Culture - par : Philippe Garbit - Le cinéphile André Bazin s'adresse au cœur de l'été 1949, sur les ondes de la RDF, à propos de la santé économique des ciné-clubs en France et du "Festival du film maudit" dont il est l'un des initiateurs. - invités : André Bazin Critique de cinéma, cofondateur de la revue les Cahiers du cinéma

Knowledge Graphs are gaining more and more attention due to their role of structuring data and knowledge and providing accuracy for LLMs through GraphRAG. In this episode, we are joined by Ora Lassila, one of the “fathers” of RDF graphs and semantic web, which are the foundations for modern knowledge graphs, where we will dive into the questions you've always wanted to ask but haven't.

Knowledge Graphs are gaining more and more attention due to their role of structuring data and knowledge and providing accuracy for LLMs through GraphRAG. In this episode, we are joined by Ora Lassila, one of the “fathers” of RDF graphs and semantic web, which are the foundations for modern knowledge graphs, where we will dive into the questions you've always wanted to ask but haven't.

The FM Show Podcast Episode 34 - Do Match Ratings Matter In Football Manager? TJ and RDF Tactics get into it on this episode after RDF asked on social media, 'Do Match Ratings Matter?' Its an interesting discussion, which, obviously has many strands to consider. RDF is horrified that TJ would consider subbing off a defender during a match. TJ then almost manages to make absolute sense that their might be more to match ratings than meets the eye. And the lads enjoy the creation of a wonderful new super hero called 'Super Sub'. Complete with glasses and a cape for full effect. As always, there's plenty to talk about in this episode, and we think its a conversation you'll want to have with us, so get in touch and let us know your thoughts. Its a brilliant episode this one, and we hope you enjoy it. If you've enjoyed it, please leave a like on the video and consider hitting subscribe to the channel. Also leave a comment about your favourite part of the episode. Support us on Patreon and join the The FM Show squad! Enjoy early access to our public episodes, bonus weekly episodes, exclusive content, and you get access to secret channels on our Discord for just £3 a month! Sign up now: http://www.patreon.com/TheFMShowPod Thanks to our sponsors Manscaped | http://www.manscaped.com 20% off with promo code: SHOW20 FullTimePrints | http://www.fulltimeprints.com 10% off with promo code THEFMSHOW Surprise Shirts | http://www.surpriseshirts.co.uk 10% off with promo code FMSHOW Follow Our Socials https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCJwruCy5lH44iFcyE150oeg http://www.twitter.com/thefmshowpod https://www.tiktok.com/@thefmshowpod http://www.instagram.com/thefmshowpod Join the Discord: https://discord.gg/TKPCUEZDvt Listen Now Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/show/6t7BLXSECt0y9AWHU1WgRj Apple: https://podcasts.apple.com/gb/podcast/the-fm-show-a-football-manager-podcast/id1698580502 Amazon: https://a.co/d/9hJSX0U Tony Jameson http://www.tonyjameson.co.uk http://www.twitter.com/tonyjameson http://www.instagram.com/tonyjameson https://www.tiktok.com/@tonyjamesonfm https://www.facebook.com/tonyjamesonfm http://twitch.tv/tonyjamesonfm https://www.youtube.com/@tonyjamesonfm RDF Tactics https://www.rdftactics.com http://www.twitter.com/rdftactics http://www.instagram.com/rdftactics http://twitch.tv/rdftactics http://www.youtube.com/@rdftactics Producer Steve http://www.twitter.com/steve_hankey The Football Manager podcast for all of your Football Manager needs. #podcast #FM24 #footballmanager

Years ago, I got to be an advisor for this company called data.world, and at the time, they were just getting started on helping figuring out how do you converge all the data sets that are in the world and help people work with them and combine them and share them. They built this thing that was kind of like GitHub for data. I was interested in it because I could see at the time where the world was going and we're going to need these much more advanced tools for being able to manage data. I tried to contribute my small way, but my favorite thing about it is that I got to know Bryon Jacob, who's the CTO of data.world. Brian is delightful guy. This is one of the guys who's been thinking about the the nature of data, the structure of data, how we work with that in computers for his entire career. And he got onto a track that you could consider a little bit fringe, of using graph databases decades ago, the semantic models that we use to understand data from the thinking around RDF and the early semantic web. And now what he's built is the system that when ingests any kind of data, it parses that out, takes it in a graph database and makes it accessible through a query language called SPARQL, which you'll hear us refer to. This is a kind of "advanced mode episode" and I know we're going to lose some people We refer to a lot of technical stuff that probably only data nerds are really going to be interested in. I won't be offended if you check out. But, if you have any interest in data or the future of analyzing data and using data in AIS, you need to listen and understand this conversation. Brian is an expert. He's built one of the most important king pin tools for using all the data in large-scale organizations or projects within the new generative AI context. If you are trying to use something like ChatGPT or another LLM as an interface to structured data, you're doing it wrong, and I think you'll be convinced about that as you start to understand what we're discussing today. So, hang in there. I promise this is a really REALLY valuable conversation for anybody who is trying to work at the forefront of using AIS for data analytics. I'm thrilled that we get to share this conversation with Bryon with you today. Important Links SPARQL data.world HomeAway About Bryon Jacob Bryon Jacob is the CTO and co-founder of data.world - on a mission to build the world's most meaningful, collaborative, and abundant data resource. Bryon is a recognized leader in building large-scale consumer internet systems and an expert in data integration solutions. Bryon's twenty years of academic and professional experience spans AI research at Case Western Reserve University, enterprise configuration software at Trilogy, and consumer web experience at Amazon and most recently in ten years building HomeAway.com. At HomeAway, Bryon oversaw platform development and the integration of thirty acquisitions while building the world's largest online marketplace for vacation rentals.

Kevin Harcourt of Marshall Radio Telemetry and I continue our discussion on the Marshall GPS system. We turn our attention from what Kevin refers as the user-selectable modes (HD, ECO, EXT, and SLEEP) to the two automatic modes that users do not have direct control over, those being Turbo mode and Reserve mode.  We talk in detail about the factory settings associated with Reserve mode, including the implications associated with battery longevity in the event that the factory settings are modified.  We conclude our discussion on the system with a brief reminder that the GPS transmitter also houses an RDF beeping module, and we discuss the temptation to forgo use of a backup transmitter. Before turning our attention to various field scenarios,we go over the system start-up sequence (start AV, then power-up the PL, followed by the transmitter, then allowing a 5 minute soak time, starting record, and then releasing the bird); I ask whether the start-up sequence critical, and if not, why should falconers still follow the recommendation? We close out the episode discussing several field scenarios that encompass varying degrees of uncertainty ranging from a typical straightforward flight with low uncertainty to an extended chase where uncertainty is high. 

In this episode of the Coins, Cashflow, & Conversations Podcast, Dakota chats about the importance of having a Rainy Day Fund (RDF). He shares stories of the what, why, and how of an RDF. Tap in and get ready to take notes of this vital lifesaving financial tool. *This show is sponsored and brought to you by Upstate Essential Solutions, LLC!*

The FM Show Episode 21 - Tactical Playing Styles Explained Part 2 This episode is brought to you by Manscaped. Get 20% off and free shipping using codeword FMSHOW at manscaped.com. In this weeks episode we follow on from our discussion last week about tactical playing styles. This week TJ, RDF and Producer Steve focus on the more defensive set ups, such as Catenaccio and Park The Bus. Or TonyBall as its sometimes called. We also have a fantastic moment where Arron forgets how long a week is, and at the end, there's an incredible reveal that we can't spoil, but please do comment below when you see it!

The FM Show Episode 19 - Squad Planning 101 This episode is brought to you by Manscaped. Get 20% off and free shipping using codeword FMSHOW at manscaped.com. __________________________________________________ In FM23, the squad planner was in its infancy, has it improved in FM24? And if so, how do you get the best out of it? TJ, RDF and Producer Steve are here to guide tyou through, and to show you how to do squad planning 101. Some of this stuff might seem obvious, but as always, theres a few little hints and tips that you might want to consider to get the most out of your planning. Remember, as we announced last week, our friends at Surprise Shirts who have gifted us an FM Box which will help you pick a team to manage on FM. If you're a listener / viewer of the show, you can get 10% off your order if you use the codeword FMSHOW a checkout. http://www.surpriseshirts.co.uk If you've enjoyed this episode, give it a like. Hit subscribe, and leave us a comment. If you havent bought FM24 yet, use this link with the code word TJFM at checkout to get the game for £35.05 thanks to our friends at Fanatical. ⁠ https://www.fanatical.com/en/game/football-manager-2024?ref=tonyjameson

durée : 00:45:00 - Les Nuits de France Culture - par : Philippe Garbit - En novembre 1953, Achille Zavatta fait entrer les auditeurs de la Radiodiffusion Française (RDF) sous les chapiteaux du cirque, en jonglant avec ses souvenirs d'enfance et ses rêves de lions sans cages. - invités : Achille Zavatta

Le président-candidat en République démocratique du Congo Félix Tshisekedi accorde une interview exclusive à RFI et France 24. Il affirme que les financements pour la tenue de l'élection présidentielle du 20 décembre prochain seront assurés et que les délais seront respectés. Il se dit confiant, estimant que son bilan parle pour lui, et se refuse à commenter les discussions en cours au sein de l'opposition. Il commente l'arrestation du correspondant de Jeune Afrique, Stanis Bujakera. Pour la première fois, il admet que les tensions sécuritaires au Nord-Kivu empêcheront la tenue du scrutin dans le Rutshuru et le Masisi et accuse une nouvelle fois le président rwandais Paul Kagame d'être le véritable chef du M23. Félix Tshisekedi répond aux questions de Christophe Boisbouvier de RFI et de Marc Perelman de France 24.  France 24 : Monsieur le Président, les élections sont bientôt, elles sont prévues le 20 décembre. On a entendu beaucoup de rumeurs sur un possible glissement. Est-ce que ce scrutin se tiendra bien le 20 décembre en temps et en heure ? Et deuxièmement, est-ce que le financement est là ? On a entendu le président de la Commission électorale dire qu'il manquait 300 millions de dollars.  Félix Tshisekedi : Je crois que c'est plutôt à lui qu'il faut poser la question. Mais à ce stade, nous, le gouvernement, nous n'avons encore reçu aucune indication selon laquelle il n'y aurait pas d'élections. Tout porte à croire que ça va se passer le 20 [décembre], et j'en veux pour preuve encore sa dernière déclaration, lorsque tous les candidats ont répondu à l'invitation de la Céni pour signer le code de bonne conduite et faire les derniers réglages, on va dire. Pour ces élections, jusque-là, il n'y a pas de problèmes. Maintenant, ce qu'il reste à faire, évidemment les 300 millions il ne faut pas penser qu'ils viendront d'un coup, ce sera étalé jusqu'à la période électorale. Et en ce moment, ce que je sais, c'est que le gouvernement est attelé à des discussions avec la Céni pour trouver les voies et moyens d'y parvenir, mais il n'y a pas d'inquiétudes de ce côté-là, nous trouverons la solution.  RFI : La campagne pour ces élections présidentielle et législatives débute ce dimanche matin et on sait qu'il y a de nombreuses interrogations, Monsieur le Président, sur la fiabilité du fichier électoral. L'opposition dit qu'il pourrait y avoir plusieurs millions d'électeurs fictifs. Est-ce que le scrutin pourra se dérouler sereinement ? On sait notamment qu'il n'y a pas eu d'audit indépendant de ce fichier… Dans quel but inventerait-on des électeurs fictifs ? Dans quel but ? Je ne comprends pas très bien quelle est la revendication de l'opposition. Pour moi, c'est un débat d'opposants, de gens qui ne sont sûrement pas prêts à aller aux élections, parce qu'à plusieurs reprises, ils ont demandé le report de ces élections, ils ont demandé un dialogue, alors qu'il n'y a pas de crise politique, que je sache, dans le pays, et je ne comprends pas très bien quelle est la revendication dans ce sens de l'opposition. Et en plus, la Céni a fait, a organisé, un audit du fichier avec des personnalités venues de tous bords, des personnalités crédibles dont la réputation n'est pas à remettre en cause, la probité n'est pas à remettre en cause.  RFI : Il y a la question des électeurs de l'Est, et notamment du Nord-Kivu. Le 20 octobre, en conseil des ministres, vous avez appelé le gouvernement et la Céni à tout mettre en œuvre pour que tous les Congolais puissent voter, compte tenu de ce que vous avez appelé la « libération progressive des territoires de Masisi et du Rutshuru », au Nord-Kivu. Mais depuis, les rebelles du M23 ont repris du terrain. Est-ce que cela veut dire que le vote ne pourra pas se tenir dans ces deux territoires ?  Malheureusement. Malheureusement pour Rutshuru et pour Masisi, je ne crois pas que cela pourra se faire. Mais qu'à cela ne tienne, nous allons continuer nos efforts pour libérer ces localités, ramener nos compatriotes dans leurs localités d'origine et imposer cette paix. Mais en même temps, il y a le processus électoral qu'il faut continuer à mener à son terme.  France 24 : 26 candidats pour la présidentielle sur la ligne de départ – on verra combien seront à l'arrivée –, c'est une élection à un tour, est-ce que la dispersion des candidatures de l'opposition fait de vous le favori logique de ce scrutin ? Je reste serein, modeste. Ce qui se passe dans l'opposition, ce n'est pas mon problème. Nous vivons dans un pays où il y a une vitalité démocratique certaine et tant mieux, j'allais dire, pour la démocratie. Maintenant, si leur stratégie c'est de se mettre ensemble ou d'y aller dispersé, ce n'est pas mon problème, comme je le disais. Moi, je reste concentré sur ma tâche, sur ma mission que j'ai commencée il y a maintenant cinq ans et que je veux proposer à mes compatriotes pour à nouveau avoir leur confiance. Ce qu'ils font dans l'opposition, c'est leur problème, pas le mien.  France 24 : Mais vous vous sentez favori ? Bien sûr, sinon je n'aurais pas demandé à rempiler. Je crois que j'ai fait du bon travail. C'est vrai que beaucoup de choses restent encore à faire, mais le Congo revient de loin, ça il faut le reconnaître. Tous ceux qui viennent aujourd'hui après cinq ans de ma présidence – presque cinq ans – me le disent très clairement, les choses ont vraiment évolué dans le bon sens et même les paramètres à l'international le prouvent. Je fais ici allusion aux agences de notation, qui nous ont maintenant attribué la note de triple B, par exemple. Donc c'est pour vous dire que les choses évoluent dans le bon sens. Elles ne demandent qu'à être consolidées.  RFI : En 2018, vous n'êtes pas parvenu à faire une candidature commune de l'opposition et vous êtes bien placé pour le savoir. Cette année, pensez-vous que ce sera pareil et que chaque candidat de l'opposition aura un ego trop fort pour se désister en faveur de son voisin ?  Mais pourquoi voulez-vous que je vous dise absolument que j'ai peur d'une union de l'opposition ? Non. Ils peuvent amener les scenarii qu'ils veulent – unis, désunis –, ils ne m'inquiètent pas, ils ne me font pas peur. Je vous ai dit que j'ai confiance dans mon bilan, nous avons fait des choses. Je ne sais pas si vous étiez déjà à Kinshasa il y a deux jours quand j'ai fait mon discours sur l'état de la nation, donc vous avez dû suivre ce bilan et je crois quand même que vous avez pu comprendre qu'il y a eu beaucoup de choses de faites. Le Congo revient de loin, le Congo est sur une très bonne lancée et le peuple ne demande qu'à continuer sur cette lancée.  France 24 : Vous défendez votre bilan devant nous, vous l'avez fait devant le Parlement, certains de vos opposants, évidemment, ne sont pas d'accord. Moïse Katumbi… C'est le rôle de l'opposition. France 24 : Oui, mais peut-être que les critiques peuvent être fondées. Par exemple, Moïse Katumbi parle de coupures d'électricité incessantes. Martin Fayulu et Denis Mukwege dénoncent la corruption des élites du pays, est-ce que c'est de la pure opposition ou est-ce que, malgré tout, oui il y a des coupures d'électricité, oui il y a de la corruption ?  Les coupures d'électricité, ce n'est pas nouveau. Ce que nous, nous faisons, c'est d'essayer de juguler justement ces coupures intempestives et nous le faisons en renforçant les capacités des barrages d'Inga et de Zongo 2. Je viens d'ailleurs d'inaugurer une centrale électrique là, maintenant, qui va desservir une dizaine de communes dans Kinshasa et ça fait des millions de consommateurs, de clients, qui vont pouvoir maintenant être raccordés au réseau électrique. Donc nous essayons de juguler cela. Lorsque, moi, je suis arrivé à la tête de ce pays, il n'y avait que 9% de ménages dans la population qui avaient accès à l'électricité. Aujourd'hui, nous tournons autour de 20% et l'objectif, c'est d'aller encore beaucoup plus loin. Donc eux, ils peuvent parler, d'accord. Moïse Katumbi, il a été gouverneur de la province du Katanga, qui à l'époque n'était pas encore divisée en quatre morceaux, mais qu'est-ce qu'il en a fait ? Je parlais d'ailleurs récemment de l'aéroport international qui est en train d'être construit, qui est déjà d'ailleurs terminé, à Kolwezi. Il a été gouverneur pendant neuf ans, il n'a même pas pensé à construire un aéroport international dans la capitale mondiale du cobalt. Aujourd'hui, des gens, des investisseurs, pourront venir de partout, sans devoir passer par Lubumbashi et chercher des petits cercueils volants pour arriver à Kolwezi. Ils vont venir directement avec leur jet privé ou leur avion régulier sur Kolwezi. J'ai des tas d'exemples comme ça qui peuvent démontrer que je n'ai aucune leçon à recevoir de Moïse Katumbi.  France 24 : Il y a une affaire qui défraie la chronique, celle du correspondant de Jeune Afrique, Stanis Bujakera. Il est détenu depuis deux mois en prison. Il est accusé de diffusion de fausses informations et il risque dix ans de prison. Il est accusé d'être à l'origine d'un rapport interne de l'ANR, les services secrets, mettant en cause les renseignements militaires dans le meurtre, au mois de juillet, de Chérubin Okende, qui est un proche de Moïse Katumbi. Le journaliste et l'association Reporters sans frontières nient toute manipulation de cette nature. Monsieur le Président, pourquoi tant d'acharnement contre un simple journaliste ?  Je ne suis ni à l'origine de son arrestation, ni en train de tirer les ficelles pour qu'on enfonce Stanis Bujakera. Je ne peux pas intervenir. Je n'interviendrai que peut-être plus tard, s'il est condamné, ou quoi, pour une amnistie, une grâce, ou que sais-je. Si… Mais à ce stade, je n'ai rien à dire. Je suis le premier à être peiné par ce qu'il lui arrive. Mais j'ai aussi en même temps besoin de savoir ce qu'il s'est passé. Parce que je sais qu'en ce qui concerne le malheureux Chérubin Okende, ni mon régime, ni un de mes proches, qui qu'il soit, n'y est ni de près ni de loin lié. Je n'avais aucun intérêt à donner la mort à ce compatriote, parce que d'abord, remarquez, il était le porte-parole d'Ensemble [Ensemble pour la République, la coalition pro-Katumbi], il n'a jamais pris la parole, il ne gênait en rien le régime. Et quand bien même il y en a qui gênent, plus que ça, qui profèrent des injures, des menaces, qu'est-ce qu'il leur arrive ? Et pourquoi on s'en prendrait à Chérubin, le pauvre ? Pourquoi chercherais-je à lui ôter la vie ? Ça n'a pas de sens. Donc pour moi, c'était aussi une curiosité, je voulais savoir : mais qu'est-ce que c'est ? Pourquoi est-ce qu'on a voulu faussement attribuer aux services de renseignements la responsabilité de la mort de Chérubin ?  France 24 : Est-ce que ce journaliste est responsable de ça ?  Non, le journaliste, on peut l'avoir manipulé en lui faisant croire que c'était une information de première main, et ensuite, on désoriente les enquêteurs, c'était peut-être ça le but.  France 24 : Il y a un mois, le secrétaire général des Nations unies, Antonio Guterres, et son envoyé spécial dans la région ont parlé devant le Conseil de sécurité des Nations unies et ils disent craindre une guerre directe entre le Rwanda et la RDC.  Oui, mais à cause de qui ?  France 24 : Je ne veux pas entrer dans la cause. Vous devez entrer dans la cause.  France 24 : On y viendra. Mais d'abord, est-ce que vous partagez cette crainte ?  Vous parlez de craintes, les craintes sont là, d'accord, mais à qui la faute ? Nous, nous sommes les victimes.  France 24 : Est-ce qu'on est au bord d'une guerre, Monsieur le Président ?  Moi, je n'exclus aucun scénario. Nous sommes les victimes. Je viens de vous parler de millions de gens qui, en ce moment, vivent dans des conditions infrahumaines. Qui ont été obligées, sinon elles allaient se faire massacrer, de quitter leurs localités pour venir vivre aux abords de Goma dans des conditions infrahumaines. Alors, quel est l'État qui peut accepter ce genre de choses ? On n'a pas à regarder dans notre direction, il faut regarder dans la direction de ceux qui sont coupables de cette agression, de cette situation. Et nous, nous disons, après avoir appelé plusieurs fois la communauté internationale à intervenir par des sanctions contre le Rwanda, si celles-là tardent à venir, nous allons nous protéger nous-mêmes, nous allons utiliser nos propres moyens pour nous défendre, défendre nos populations.  France 24 : Y compris par les armes ?  À votre avis, comment est-ce qu'on pourrait faire autrement que par les armes ? France 24 : Combien de soldats rwandais, d'après vos informations, sont sur le sol congolais ?  Des milliers.  France 24 : Des milliers ?  Oui, ils sont là par milliers.  France 24 : Est-ce que Paul Kagame, pour vous, est le véritable chef du M23 ?  Bien sûr. D'abord, le M23, c'est une coquille vide. Ce sont les RDF [Forces rwandaises de défense, NDLR] qui se battent et nous en avons les preuves. Parce qu'aujourd'hui, avec les armes que nous avons, la technologie que nous avons, nous les voyons, nous avons des images. Je ne parle pas en l'air. Je parle sur la base de faits avérés. Les images sont là, de leurs cadavres et même lorsqu'ils s'amoncellent pour porter leurs attaques. Nous avons tout et pas que nous, l'ONU, les Nations unies, ont aussi les mêmes images. N'oubliez pas que la mission de la Monusco est encore à l'est du pays, à Goma.  RFI : Début octobre, des milices patriotiques congolaises, les fameux Wazalendos, soutenus par votre armée, ont reconquis une partie du Masisi, notamment autour de Kitshanga. Mais depuis, le M23 a repris le terrain perdu, il menace à nouveau des localités, les villes de Sake et bien sûr de Goma, c'est donc un échec ?  Ils ne prendront pas Goma. Retenez-le, ils ne prendront pas Goma.   RFI : Pourquoi ? Parce qu'il y aura une réplique de notre part.  RFI : Mais là, quand même, il y a eu un échec non ?  Oui, mais des Wazalendos, c'est normal. Qui sont les Wazalendos ? Ce sont des patriotes, des civils au départ, des gens qui ont décidé de défendre corps et âme les intérêts de leur communauté, parce qu'en son temps, ils n'avaient pas confiance en l'armée, ils ne pensaient pas que l'armée était capable de les protéger, donc ils ont pris leur courage à deux mains et se sont engagés dans ce combat. C'est même héroïque. On l'a vu en Ukraine, des Ukrainiens qui étaient de la société civile ont juste évacué leur famille et ont décidé de prendre les armes, d'être formés. Pourquoi est-ce que c'est valable quand ça se passe en Ukraine et quand c'est au Congo, on qualifie les Wazalendos de forces négatives ? Ce sont des Congolais qui ont décidé de se battre contre l'agression dont ils sont victimes, d'une agression injuste et barbare.  RFI : Avec le soutien des FARDC, de votre armée ? Bien sûr. Là où les FARDC peuvent les soutenir, s'ils sont dans leur giron, l'ordre est donné pour que celles-ci les soutiennent. Je ne m'en cache pas, parce que ce n'est pas un crime qu'ils commettent. Ils défendent leur patrie, avec raison et courage. Ce sont des héros, pas des criminels comme le M23 et les RDF du Rwanda.  France 24 : Pour tenter de retourner la situation en votre faveur, vous avez aussi eu recours à des compagnies de sécurité occidentales, une française, Algemira, une roumaine, Congo protection.  Bien sûr. C'est pour renforcer les capacités. Ce sont des experts, attention, ce sont des experts, qui ont eux-mêmes eu des carrières de forces spéciales, de commandos, etc. Et dont la mission est de renforcer les capacités des Forces de défense en situation réelle, sur le terrain.  France 24 : En se battant ?  Bien sûr. Ils doivent être à nos côtés.  France 24 : Ils sont combien ? 900 ?  Par là. Un bon millier peut-être.  France 24 : Quand il y a des sociétés de sécurité étrangères, d'où que ce soit, qui viennent, qui se battent, qui sont nombreuses, on appelle ça des mercenaires.  Qu'est-ce que vous appelez se battre ? Parce que, quand je vous dis qu'ils sont en situation réelle, qu'ils sont sur le terrain, ils coachent. Est-ce qu'un coach de football joue avec son équipe ? Pourtant, il est sur le terrain, il voit ses joueurs jouer, il est là. Les joueurs sont là en train de jouer et lui, il coache. Ce sont des coachs, si vous voulez une image.  France 24 : Pas des mercenaires ?  Non, ce ne sont pas des mercenaires. Les mercenaires, ils n'ont pas de statut social. Vous avez parlé de la société Algemira, donc c'est une société, une personne morale reconnue, dont l'adresse est connue, dont les activités sont connues, alors pourquoi parler de mercenaires ? C'est une activité qui est connue et qui est légalement acceptée dans les pays où ces sociétés sont enregistrées, sinon il y aurait déjà eu des poursuites contre eux, non ? Vous n'êtes pas d'accord avec ça ? Ce ne sont pas des mercenaires.  RFI : Vous avez aussi remis en état de marche une flotte d'avions et d'hélicoptères – d'avions de chasse et d'hélicoptères armés, bien sûr –, vous attendez trois drones chinois, est-ce que vous comptez sur ces nouveaux moyens, ces renforts…  Vous êtes bien renseigné, vous.  RFI : … pour peut-être obtenir une victoire de prestige avant le 20 décembre ? D'abord, nous ne les attendons pas, ils sont déjà là, les drones. Ils sont là depuis quelque temps.  RFI : Des drones d'attaque ? Bien sûr. Qu'est-ce qu'il y a de mal ?  RFI : Est-ce que vous comptez sur ces nouveaux moyens pour avoir une victoire militaire de prestige avant le 20 décembre ?  Non, je ne joue pas avec ça. Moi, je ne fais pas de politique politicienne. Pas du tout. Moi, je défends les intérêts de mon pays et de mon peuple et je les défends avant, pendant, ou après les élections. Je vous ai dit que pour Rutshuru, pour le Masisi, c'était mort pour les élections en ce moment. Je l'avale avec difficulté, mais je l'avale. Mais cela ne va pas nous pousser à baisser les bras. Donc l'urgence s'impose. Nos populations sont dans des conditions inacceptables. Il faut les ramener chez elles. Et donc, même pendant le processus électoral, des efforts pour les ramener vont continuer. Donc vous voyez que ce n'est pas lié du tout à un résultat quelconque qu'il faudrait avoir avant le 20 décembre. 

The FM Show Episode 16 - FM24 Early Access Save Updates As FM24 Early Access has only been live for about 2 weeks, we're giving you a bit of a round up of where TJ and Arron are with the game. What have they noticed? Are there any more quirks? RDF teaches us about data driven recruitment. While Steve talks about Fiorentina. Plus we've go a heaving mailbag of correspondence this week. We're fully geared up for the up coming live show, and the full official launch of FM24. If you've enjoyed this episode, leave a like and comment below.

On this episode of The AIE Podcast... Seasons are a changing in Diablo(s) Fridays are now a mixed bag! It's still hot out- is anyone else craving Ice Cream Citadel? You are invited to a Baginses birthday bash! And, we have Lars here to talk to us about AIE in WoW Classic Hardcore All that and more coming up right now... Podcast Audio Raw Video http://youtu.be/h3Pvk8HOdgs Open Welcome to episode #408 of the podcast celebrating you, the Alea Iacta Est gaming community, the die has been podcast. This is Mkallah: To my left is Tetsemi: - (catch phrase here). And to my right is Mewkow: (catch phrase here). This week we are joined by special guests Lars who is here to talk to us about AIE in WoW Classic Hardcore Welcome! Ok, we'll be digging into WoW Classic Hardcore shortly, but first, let's cover this week's news... AIE News Community Mandatory Fun Nights Where the fun is mandatory but the attendance is not. Sunday - You all get a day off! Monday - GW2 9:30 pm Eastern Monday - STO 10:00 pm Eastern Tuesday - SWTOR 9:00 pm Eastern Wednesday - HFO Mythic+ Mayhem (WoW) 8:00 pm Eastern Thursday- Board Game Night (1st and 3rd Thursdays) 7:00 pm Eastern/6:00 pm Central Friday - ESO 9:00 pm Eastern Friday - FFXIV(Magical Misc Tour) 9:00 pm Eastern Saturday - LotRO 8:30 pm Eastern Saturday - FFXIV (Maps) 9:30 pm Eastern Saturday - WoW Classic Hardcore 9:30 pm Eastern Saturday - Noob Raid (WoW) 11:00 pm Eastern Streaming and Guild Podcast News We have a ton of AIE member podcasts! Want to know where to find them? Look no further than here- SWTOR Escape Podcast (Max and Sema) https://www.newoverlords.com/category/listen/sepc/ Behind the Games Podcast (Jeff aka Max and Sema) https://www.newoverlords.com/category/listen/btg/ Working Class Nerds (Marcus and Nick) - NSFL https://workingclassnerdscom.wordpress.com Boards and Swords (Chris and Philip) https://boardsandswords.com/blog?category=Boards%20%26%20Swords Dr. Gameology ( Dr. Daniel Kaufmann ) https://drgameology.com/podcast/ STO - Fleet Action Report (Grebog and Nikodas) https://www.youtube.com/@fleetactionreport A Podcast Reborn: A FFXIV Community Podcast (Brandon aka Old Man Franks, Meagan, and Rho) - NSFL https://www.bonusroll.gg/directory/a-podcast-reborn/ NOMADS Diablo 4 AIE activity in the game has greatly decreased as seasonal play has been concluded by many and they await the next one "The Season of Blood" which begins on 17 October 2023: https://news.blizzard.com/en-us/diablo4/23989476/season-of-blood-is-dripping-into-sanctuary Current patch notes are available at https://news.blizzard.com/en-us/diablo4/23964909/diablo-iv-patch-notes. Apps are still being accepted for the clan; however, will only be approved if the requestor posts their Battlenet ID to the AIE public discord channel #diablo. If you have friends or family wishing to join, make sure they make a post to the channel before or soon after submitting the in-game app. Diablo 3 The next season of D3 begins this coming Friday, 15 Sep 2023. This will not be the last season for the game. More info about this upcoming seasonal release and future plans at: https://us.diablo3.blizzard.com/en-us/blog/23999068/season-29-visions-of-enmity-preview-9-8-2023 AIE has both a community and a clan for D3. If you would like an invite to one or both, please ask in the public AIE discord #diablo channel. WoW Noob Raid did Timewalking in Ulduar on Saturday and had two rare mount drops in the quest reward bags. Mimiron's Head for Gusty and Invincible for Esmey! Also patch 10.1.7 Fury Incarnate dropped this week with Emerald Dream themed events! And patch 10.2 is on the PTR, with previews of the next raid and M+ rotation. WoW Classic We are still active in Classic Wotlk but awaiting our return to raiding. Ice Cream Citadel is on the test servers, RDF is coming as is account wide mounts, pets, toys and such.

Totally Hardcore Hardcores, get in here for all the hardcore gamers and don't forget to tip! Enjoy a couple of great chats with the Aussies and the Americans as we talk about what life will be like on HC servers, class selection, and guilds to consider. After that, Josh delivers a monologue on the RDF news from Wrath Classic.. The Aussie Hater's Guide To HC - Feat. Hunk, Jay, Juno, Ozijak, & Teedo - 3:05HC's #1 Guild - Pushing Up Peacebloom Feat, Buda, Roo, & TianSG - 1:49:10RDF To Pay Respects - Feat. Josh - 2:43:40Buy Josh a beer & help keep Countdown on the airwaves over at Patreon here: https://www.patreon.com/joshcorbett Or if subscriptions aren't your thing, support Josh & Countdown by shouting him a one time beer here: https://ko-fi.com/countdowntoclassicFind Ozijak on Twitch here: https://www.twitch.tv/ozijakFind Juno on Twitch here: https://www.twitch.tv/junoeclipzeCheck out Josh on YouTube for gameplay and live podcast recordings here: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC4mTG9XXtKdOJW6tYg7jEkAJoin the Countdown To Classic discord here: https://discord.gg/83thqw2fBwCheck out Josh's hilarious movie podcast here: https://open.spotify.com/show/469qUDnQHBkCogdjZyFUjb?si=jNgDTiEnSvKBbZuNz2xcxwThis show is part of the Spreaker Prime Network, if you are interested in advertising on this podcast, contact us at https://www.spreaker.com/show/5601811/advertisement

Xiaoning Lu received her BA and MA in Chinese Literature and Language from Nanjing University and Fudan University respectively. She then earned her PhD in Comparative Literature from the State University of New York at Stony Brook. Prior to joining SOAS in 2010, she had taught cinema and cultural studies, modern Chinese literature and popular culture at Stony Brook University and Ludwig-Maximilian University of Munich. Xiaoning's research focuses on the complex relationship between cultural production and state governance in modern China. She is the author of Moulding the Socialist Subject: Cinema and Chinese Modernity 1949-1966 (Brill, 2020) and co-editor of The Oxford Handbook of Communist Visual Cultures (OUP, 2020). Her writings on various aspects of Chinese socialist cinema and culture have appeared in journals and edited collections, including Journal of Chinese Cinemas, Journal of Contemporary China, Chinese Film Stars, Maoist Laughter, Surveillance in Asian Cinema: Under Eastern Eyes and Words and Their Stories: Essays on the Language of the Chinese Revolution. She was recently a recipient of a Leverhulme Research Fellowship through which she researched transnational film practices in the People's Republic of China from 1949 to 1989. In addition to her scholarly work, Xiaoning is passionate at introducing contemporary Chinese films to UK audiences. With colleagues at Shanghai Art Film Federation, she co-curated Chinese Art Film Festival London Showcase from 2016 to 2018 exploring social and cultural issues in contemporary Chinese society, including the persistence of traditional values in China's modernization and Chinese women's filmmaking. Recognized for her regional expertise, she was invited to provide advice on China-related cultural production for the National Theatre, RDF television, and other media companies in the UK. Victoria Oana Lupașcu is an Assistant Professor of Comparative Literature and Asian Studies at University of Montréal. Her areas of interest include medical humanities, visual art, 20th and 21st Chinese, Brazilian and Romanian literature and Global South studies. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/new-books-network

Xiaoning Lu received her BA and MA in Chinese Literature and Language from Nanjing University and Fudan University respectively. She then earned her PhD in Comparative Literature from the State University of New York at Stony Brook. Prior to joining SOAS in 2010, she had taught cinema and cultural studies, modern Chinese literature and popular culture at Stony Brook University and Ludwig-Maximilian University of Munich. Xiaoning's research focuses on the complex relationship between cultural production and state governance in modern China. She is the author of Moulding the Socialist Subject: Cinema and Chinese Modernity 1949-1966 (Brill, 2020) and co-editor of The Oxford Handbook of Communist Visual Cultures (OUP, 2020). Her writings on various aspects of Chinese socialist cinema and culture have appeared in journals and edited collections, including Journal of Chinese Cinemas, Journal of Contemporary China, Chinese Film Stars, Maoist Laughter, Surveillance in Asian Cinema: Under Eastern Eyes and Words and Their Stories: Essays on the Language of the Chinese Revolution. She was recently a recipient of a Leverhulme Research Fellowship through which she researched transnational film practices in the People's Republic of China from 1949 to 1989. In addition to her scholarly work, Xiaoning is passionate at introducing contemporary Chinese films to UK audiences. With colleagues at Shanghai Art Film Federation, she co-curated Chinese Art Film Festival London Showcase from 2016 to 2018 exploring social and cultural issues in contemporary Chinese society, including the persistence of traditional values in China's modernization and Chinese women's filmmaking. Recognized for her regional expertise, she was invited to provide advice on China-related cultural production for the National Theatre, RDF television, and other media companies in the UK. Victoria Oana Lupașcu is an Assistant Professor of Comparative Literature and Asian Studies at University of Montréal. Her areas of interest include medical humanities, visual art, 20th and 21st Chinese, Brazilian and Romanian literature and Global South studies. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/history

Xiaoning Lu received her BA and MA in Chinese Literature and Language from Nanjing University and Fudan University respectively. She then earned her PhD in Comparative Literature from the State University of New York at Stony Brook. Prior to joining SOAS in 2010, she had taught cinema and cultural studies, modern Chinese literature and popular culture at Stony Brook University and Ludwig-Maximilian University of Munich. Xiaoning's research focuses on the complex relationship between cultural production and state governance in modern China. She is the author of Moulding the Socialist Subject: Cinema and Chinese Modernity 1949-1966 (Brill, 2020) and co-editor of The Oxford Handbook of Communist Visual Cultures (OUP, 2020). Her writings on various aspects of Chinese socialist cinema and culture have appeared in journals and edited collections, including Journal of Chinese Cinemas, Journal of Contemporary China, Chinese Film Stars, Maoist Laughter, Surveillance in Asian Cinema: Under Eastern Eyes and Words and Their Stories: Essays on the Language of the Chinese Revolution. She was recently a recipient of a Leverhulme Research Fellowship through which she researched transnational film practices in the People's Republic of China from 1949 to 1989. In addition to her scholarly work, Xiaoning is passionate at introducing contemporary Chinese films to UK audiences. With colleagues at Shanghai Art Film Federation, she co-curated Chinese Art Film Festival London Showcase from 2016 to 2018 exploring social and cultural issues in contemporary Chinese society, including the persistence of traditional values in China's modernization and Chinese women's filmmaking. Recognized for her regional expertise, she was invited to provide advice on China-related cultural production for the National Theatre, RDF television, and other media companies in the UK. Victoria Oana Lupașcu is an Assistant Professor of Comparative Literature and Asian Studies at University of Montréal. Her areas of interest include medical humanities, visual art, 20th and 21st Chinese, Brazilian and Romanian literature and Global South studies. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/east-asian-studies

Xiaoning Lu received her BA and MA in Chinese Literature and Language from Nanjing University and Fudan University respectively. She then earned her PhD in Comparative Literature from the State University of New York at Stony Brook. Prior to joining SOAS in 2010, she had taught cinema and cultural studies, modern Chinese literature and popular culture at Stony Brook University and Ludwig-Maximilian University of Munich. Xiaoning's research focuses on the complex relationship between cultural production and state governance in modern China. She is the author of Moulding the Socialist Subject: Cinema and Chinese Modernity 1949-1966 (Brill, 2020) and co-editor of The Oxford Handbook of Communist Visual Cultures (OUP, 2020). Her writings on various aspects of Chinese socialist cinema and culture have appeared in journals and edited collections, including Journal of Chinese Cinemas, Journal of Contemporary China, Chinese Film Stars, Maoist Laughter, Surveillance in Asian Cinema: Under Eastern Eyes and Words and Their Stories: Essays on the Language of the Chinese Revolution. She was recently a recipient of a Leverhulme Research Fellowship through which she researched transnational film practices in the People's Republic of China from 1949 to 1989. In addition to her scholarly work, Xiaoning is passionate at introducing contemporary Chinese films to UK audiences. With colleagues at Shanghai Art Film Federation, she co-curated Chinese Art Film Festival London Showcase from 2016 to 2018 exploring social and cultural issues in contemporary Chinese society, including the persistence of traditional values in China's modernization and Chinese women's filmmaking. Recognized for her regional expertise, she was invited to provide advice on China-related cultural production for the National Theatre, RDF television, and other media companies in the UK. Victoria Oana Lupașcu is an Assistant Professor of Comparative Literature and Asian Studies at University of Montréal. Her areas of interest include medical humanities, visual art, 20th and 21st Chinese, Brazilian and Romanian literature and Global South studies. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/film

Xiaoning Lu received her BA and MA in Chinese Literature and Language from Nanjing University and Fudan University respectively. She then earned her PhD in Comparative Literature from the State University of New York at Stony Brook. Prior to joining SOAS in 2010, she had taught cinema and cultural studies, modern Chinese literature and popular culture at Stony Brook University and Ludwig-Maximilian University of Munich. Xiaoning's research focuses on the complex relationship between cultural production and state governance in modern China. She is the author of Moulding the Socialist Subject: Cinema and Chinese Modernity 1949-1966 (Brill, 2020) and co-editor of The Oxford Handbook of Communist Visual Cultures (OUP, 2020). Her writings on various aspects of Chinese socialist cinema and culture have appeared in journals and edited collections, including Journal of Chinese Cinemas, Journal of Contemporary China, Chinese Film Stars, Maoist Laughter, Surveillance in Asian Cinema: Under Eastern Eyes and Words and Their Stories: Essays on the Language of the Chinese Revolution. She was recently a recipient of a Leverhulme Research Fellowship through which she researched transnational film practices in the People's Republic of China from 1949 to 1989. In addition to her scholarly work, Xiaoning is passionate at introducing contemporary Chinese films to UK audiences. With colleagues at Shanghai Art Film Federation, she co-curated Chinese Art Film Festival London Showcase from 2016 to 2018 exploring social and cultural issues in contemporary Chinese society, including the persistence of traditional values in China's modernization and Chinese women's filmmaking. Recognized for her regional expertise, she was invited to provide advice on China-related cultural production for the National Theatre, RDF television, and other media companies in the UK. Victoria Oana Lupașcu is an Assistant Professor of Comparative Literature and Asian Studies at University of Montréal. Her areas of interest include medical humanities, visual art, 20th and 21st Chinese, Brazilian and Romanian literature and Global South studies. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/chinese-studies

Xiaoning Lu received her BA and MA in Chinese Literature and Language from Nanjing University and Fudan University respectively. She then earned her PhD in Comparative Literature from the State University of New York at Stony Brook. Prior to joining SOAS in 2010, she had taught cinema and cultural studies, modern Chinese literature and popular culture at Stony Brook University and Ludwig-Maximilian University of Munich. Xiaoning's research focuses on the complex relationship between cultural production and state governance in modern China. She is the author of Moulding the Socialist Subject: Cinema and Chinese Modernity 1949-1966 (Brill, 2020) and co-editor of The Oxford Handbook of Communist Visual Cultures (OUP, 2020). Her writings on various aspects of Chinese socialist cinema and culture have appeared in journals and edited collections, including Journal of Chinese Cinemas, Journal of Contemporary China, Chinese Film Stars, Maoist Laughter, Surveillance in Asian Cinema: Under Eastern Eyes and Words and Their Stories: Essays on the Language of the Chinese Revolution. She was recently a recipient of a Leverhulme Research Fellowship through which she researched transnational film practices in the People's Republic of China from 1949 to 1989. In addition to her scholarly work, Xiaoning is passionate at introducing contemporary Chinese films to UK audiences. With colleagues at Shanghai Art Film Federation, she co-curated Chinese Art Film Festival London Showcase from 2016 to 2018 exploring social and cultural issues in contemporary Chinese society, including the persistence of traditional values in China's modernization and Chinese women's filmmaking. Recognized for her regional expertise, she was invited to provide advice on China-related cultural production for the National Theatre, RDF television, and other media companies in the UK. Victoria Oana Lupașcu is an Assistant Professor of Comparative Literature and Asian Studies at University of Montréal. Her areas of interest include medical humanities, visual art, 20th and 21st Chinese, Brazilian and Romanian literature and Global South studies. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/communications

We sat down with Gabe Fierro, Assistant Professor at the Colorado School of Mines and Co-Founder of the Brick Schema for a free-ranging discussion about how different Metadata Schemas are converging to model buildings! We covered how different metadata schemas like Brick Schema and Project Haystack complement rather than compete with one another. Common misconceptions about Open Metadata Schemas. When to use them? And how to actually use these RDF models in practice! * Brick Schema - https://brickschema.org/ * Project Haystack - https://project-haystack.org/ * RealEstateCore - https://www.realestatecore.io/ * ASHRAE 223P - https://www.energy.gov/eere/buildings...

Welcome back to Iron Sights! Today we're switching it up - our producer fielded your questions from Instagram and YouTube so that we could answer them all live on the show. CeCe English, Stephen Brenna & Jeff Chenault joined me to answer:Timestamps00:00 Intro01:23 Why do people put salt in their water? I've heard it's good for hydration but what's the actual benefit?07:20 I've done 1 set of max pull ups and 1 set of max push ups per day for the past two months. I feel great and have been getting stronger. I'm not interested in learning a ton of exercises, I just want to do a few movements every day. If you had to pick 2 exercises to do everyday to get the best aesthetic results would they be push ups & pull ups? Just want confirmation I'm on the right path. Love the show! Appreciate it.11:15 I drink a lot of caffeine. 2-3 cups of coffee in the morning and an energy drink in the afternoon. I'm not sure how many mg in total but it's a daily habit at this point. What are the long term effects and what are some tips for kicking this caffeine addiction?20:30 I was a beast in the gym when I was younger but it's been about 10 years since I followed a legit program. Is it a bad idea to jump into RDF strong or is there anything you have that's good for out of shape athletes who want to get it back?26:56 What are the health benefits of Magnesium?30:34 Been listening to the show for almost a year and love the Monday episodes. Question for Jeff & CeCe, what does your personal stretching and mobility routine look like? Do you work it in with your workouts or do you have specific days for mobility?39:40 I follow a lot of fitness pages on Instagram and have been hearing a lot of the same stuff like: eat more protein, sugar is bad for you etc. Why does my feed look the same as it did last year?If you'd like to ask a question and have it answered on the show let us know:Instagram: @reddotfitnessEmail: info@reddotfitness.netRed Dot Fitness Training Programs:https://www.rdftrainonline.comOnline Membership (Full Access To All Programs & Virtual Coaching):https://www.reddotfitness.net/online-membershipVirtual Coaching:https://www.reddotfitness.net/virtual-coachingSelf-Guided Programs:https://www.reddotfitness.net/Self-Guided-Programs1Connect With Us:Website - https://ironsightspodcast.com/Instagram - https://www.instagram.com/ironsightspodcast/Facebook - https://www.facebook.com/ironsightspodcast/More Iron Sights Interviews:Triple Feed: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VMTc7AE0KaQ&t=384sKayley Gunner: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nfGqHxCv7Vc&t=522sMike Salemi: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Jq-Nj6M0EBI&t=335sAdam Schafer: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BiyrdWdO1y8&t=8sSal Di Stefano: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JBdKdSjQ0BM&t=4425sJason Khalipa: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YTiq-sID-EMByron Rodgers: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XrtEyuVNNpwDonnie Oliver: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cKY1_TLKHlIChris Cheng: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Wr0zSGSTzKM&t=2sTraver Boehm: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=r_NLdIg3zBc&t=1394s

Google's very own Martin Splitt joined me on the SEJ Show to share his thoughts and opinions on various technical SEO topics, such as Semantic HTML, Google Search Console, indexing, and client-side rendering. Explore how to leverage these powerful tools to improve your website's SEO. Prefer to watch the video? Register here: http://bit.ly/3YQxzG7  I would say make sure that you are focusing on the content quality and that you are focusing on delivering value to your users. Those have been, will always be, and are the most important things. Everything else should follow from that. –Martin Splitt Suppose you are fine-tuning technical details or your website's structure or markup. In that case, you are likely missing out on the more significant opportunities of asking yourself what people need from your website. –Martin Splitt This question keeps coming up. This is not the first time and will not be the last time this question will come up and continue to be asked. I don't know why everyone thinks about who, what value, or who. It's about structure. I can't emphasize this enough, if you choose to have H1s as your top-level structure of the content, that's fine. It just means that the top level of the content is structured along the H1s. –Martin Splitt   [00:00] - About Martin [02:47] - Why Semantic SEO is important. [04:22] - Is there anything that can be done within Semantic HTML to better communicate with Google? [06:02] - Should schema markup information match what's in the document? [08:24] - What parts of Semantic search does Google need the most help with? [09:19] - What is Martin's opinion on header tags? [14:22] - Is the responsibility of implementing Semantic HTML on the SEO or the developer? [16:19] - How accessible is Semantic HTML within a WordPress, or Gutenberg-style  environment?  [19:58] - How compatible is Semantic HTML with WCAG? [21:08] - What is the relationship of Semantic HTML to the overall concept of the Semantic web RDF, etc.? [25:04] - Can the wrong thumbnails be rectified utilizing Semantic HTML? [28:42] - Is there another type of schema markup that can still refer to the organization and use IDs on article pages? [32:10] - Can adding schema markup to show the product category hierarchy and modifying HTML help Google understand the relationship between the product and its category? [33:49] - Is preserving header hierarchy more critical than which header you use? [36:36] - Is it bad practice to display different content on pages to returning users versus new users? [40:08] - What are the best practices for error handling with SPAs? [45:31] - What is the best way to deal with search query parameters being indexed in Google?  [48:02] - Should you be worried about product pages not being included within the XML site map? [50:26] - How does Google prioritize headers? [56:00] - How important is it for developers and SEOs to start implementing Semantic HTML now? [57:31] - What should SEO & developers be focusing on?   If you understand that it's a 404, you have two options because two things can happen that you don't want to happen. One is an error page that gets indexed and appears in search results where it shouldn't. The other thing is that you are creating 404s in the search console and probably muddling with your data. –Martin Splitt If you have one H1 and nothing else under it except for H2s and then content H2 and then content H2, that doesn't change anything. That means you structured your content differently. You didn't structure it better. You didn't structure it worse. You just structured it differently. –Martin Splitt   For more content like this, subscribe to our YouTube channel: https://www.youtube.com/user/searchenginejournal  Are you looking to keep up with current and effective digital marketing today? Check out https://www.searchenginejournal.com  for everything you need to know within the digital marketing space and improve your skills as an internet marketer. Connect With Martin Splitt: Martin Splitt - the friendly internet fairy and code magician! He's a tech wizard from Zurich that has magic fingers when it comes to writing web-friendly code.  With over ten years' experience as a software engineer, he now works as a developer advocate for Google. A master of all things open source, his mission is to make your content visible in any corner of cyberspace - abracadabra! Connect with Martin on LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/martinsplitt/ Follow him on Twitter: https://twitter.com/g33konaut   Connect with Loren Baker, Founder of Search Engine Journal: Follow him on Twitter: https://www.twitter.com/lorenbaker   Connect with him on LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/lorenbaker  

Welcome back to Iron Sights After Dark! In this episode, I sat down with Nate Vollbrecht. Nate is a good friend of mine who works as a Firefighter in California. We discuss how to prepare yourself for some of the natural disasters that we've seen hit the West Coast as well as firearms training, learning models and firearms culture. Later in this episode, you will hear Nate share his formula for success and obtaining the ultimate success factor percentage - as you will hear, one of the key components is fitness.To get started with a RDF fitness program visit rdftrainonline.comTimestamps:00:00 CRW01:00 A Day As A Firefighter 04:00 How To Prepare for A Disaster13:23 TSI 18:52 Breaching Sessions26:59 What People Are Going To See When They Take A  Class With Nate30:33 Getting In Reps 33:00 Philosophy & Methodology (How To Be Successful)35:56 Mindset And The Formula For Success39:08 Identify Your Weaknesses  46:11 Mindset & Skills of People That Go To Clases Now vs. Then48:28 Nate Point of View On Gun Laws And Politics53:41 Why There Is So Much Negativity In The Firearms Industry01:04:03 What Is Nate Doing This Year With TSI And His Personal Development01:15:51 CRW Event01:23:04 Nate Social Media Sponsors by Red Dot Fitness Online Training Programs:Red Dot Fitness Training Programs: https://www.rdftrainonline.comOnline membership (Full Access To All Programs & Virtual Coaching):https://www.reddotfitness.net/online-membershipVirtual Coaching:https://www.reddotfitness.net/virtual-coachingSelf-Guided Programs:https://www.reddotfitness.net/Self-Guided-Programs1Connect With Us:Website - https://ironsightspodcast.com/Instagram - https://www.instagram.com/ironsightspodcast/Facebook - https://www.facebook.com/ironsMore Iron Sights Interviews:Triple Feed: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VMTc7AE0KaQ&t=384sKayley Gunner: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nfGqHxCv7Vc&t=522sMike Salemi: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Jq-Nj6M0EBI&t=335sAdam Schafer: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BiyrdWdO1y8&t=8sSal Di Stefano: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JBdKdSjQ0BM&t=4425sJason Khalipa: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YTiq-sID-EMByron Rodgers: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XrtEyuVNNpwDonnie Oliver: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cKY1_TLKHlIChris Cheng: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Wr0zSGSTzKM&t=2sTraver Boehm: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=r_NLdIg3zBc&t=1394s

OpenCypher: http://opencypher.org/ChatGPT: https://openai.com/blog/chatgptIntroduction To Cypher: https://neo4j.com/docs/getting-started/current/cypher-intro/Create Neo4j Database Model with ChatGPT: https://neo4j.com/developer-blog/create-neo4j-database-model-with-chatgpt/Use ChatGPT to Query Your Neo4j Database: https://towardsdatascience.com/use-chatgpt-to-query-your-neo4j-database-78680a05ec2#d083-cf615c9d7f04Maximising Efficiency: The Power of ChatGPT and Neo4j for Creating and Importing Sample Datasets: https://neo4j.com/developer-blog/chatgpt-neo4j-import-sample-dataset/Graph Data Science with Neo4j Book: https://medium.com/@st3llasia/graph-data-science-with-neo4j-book-e7f32cfa41ccNeo4j (slow) Query Logs: https://neo4j.com/docs/operations-manual/current/monitoring/logging/#query-loggingNeo4j Query Tuning Guide: https://neo4j.com/docs/cypher-manual/current/query-tuning/Neo4j Live: Wardley Mapping with Neo4j: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UKvjYZ2kiNYFull Stack GraphQL Book Series: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL9Hl4pk2FsvVg3c74thYEWVsCPPVB1qqnGoing Meta - Ep 13: Creating (and RDF-izing) virtual graphs over external data: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FoHAyBhcH4sNeo4j Live: Neo4j VS Code Extension: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kSH4eqNARAwAlison's next LinkedIn Livecast: https://www.linkedin.com/posts/alison-cossette-7115857_join-me-and-varun-shenoy-from-stanford-university-activity-7034149009019535362-4mMP?utm_source=share&utm_medium=member_desktopHow Cypher changed in Neo4j v5: https://towardsdatascience.com/how-cypher-changed-in-neo4j-v5-d0f10cbb60bfExists Subqueries: https://neo4j.com/docs/cypher-manual/current/syntax/expressions/#existential-subqueriesOSMNX library: https://github.com/gboeing/osmnxGraphGPT: https://github.com/varunshenoy/GraphGPTStreamlit: https://streamlit.io/Arrows: https://arrows.app/Data-Importer: https://data-importer.graphapp.io/Jason's Mock Graph Data Generator: https://github.com/jalakoo/mock-graph-data-generator

In this episode, RDF Tactics speaks to Nic Madden from Sports Interactive about why you should delve into the Data Hub. Tony's away so Producer Steve lets RDF shows off a bit with the Tactics “Showroom” instead of Garage. He does not disappoint by bringing a strikerless tactic to the table.  Season Two has ended for some the Sheffield Wednesday Community Challenge.   The medals are starting to rain in but at a very high cost to some of our listeners… The Football Manager Show is presented by Tony Jameson & RDF Tactics and it's produced by Steve Hankey. You can follow Tony Jameson in all of these places: Twitch - http://twitch.tv/TonyJamesonFM  YouTube - http://youtube.com/TonyJamesonFM  Discord - https://discord.gg/Ud9YTYQbg2  RDF Tactics can be found in all of these places: Twitch - http://Twitch.tv/RDFTactics  YouTube - http://youtube.com/c/RDFTactics

There's lots of ways to get involved in fitness programs: group classes, self-guided programs or you can hire a coach to personalize things for you. In this episode, we go through the top 10 questions every client that's looking for a coach should ask that coach before they get involved in a program with them.As a reminder, all of these episodes are brought to you by RDF training products and programs. You can find out more about those products and programs by going to rdftrainonline.comIf you're looking to gain more muscle and build more strength, you might check out RDF Strong. You can get 20% off RDF Strong by using code STRONG20  at checkout.Red Dot Fitness Training Programs: https://www.rdftrainonline.comUse code STRONG20 for 20% off RDF Strong.Online membership (Full Access To All Programs & Virtual Coaching):https://www.reddotfitness.net/online-membershipVirtual Coaching:https://www.reddotfitness.net/virtual-coachingSelf-Guided Programs:https://www.reddotfitness.net/Self-Guided-Programs1Connect With Us:Website - https://ironsightspodcast.com/Instagram - https://www.instagram.com/ironsightspodcast/TikTok - https://www.tiktok.com/@ironsightspodcast

In this episode of the Iron Sights podcast, I sat down with Dr. Board Certified Physician Dr. Robert FloydIn this episode of the Iron Sights podcast, I sat down with Dr. Robert Floyd. He's a board certified physician who got tired of being on the wrong end of his patient's healthcare. I wanted to chat with Dr. Floyd because of his passion for educating people on living a healthier, happier, and more vibrant life through root cause medicine and lifestyle and behavior modifications.In his own words, he's frustrated and tired of westernized medicine's approach to putting “Band-Aids” on what he says are “Severed-Limbs''. He's taken an atypical path to finally arriving in his current practice - after talking through that journey for a few minutes, we cut into some key principles to taking personal responsibility for obtaining and maintaining optimal health.We cover key topics: statistics, realities, and the solutions to what could be the biggest enemy to society and our health. You'll hear Dr. Floyd and I talk about what I believe are the six key steps to optimal health. Read more about the 6 Key Steps To Optimal HealthThe guide walks you through what it actually takes to get and stay healthy.  Go to RDF guides.com and download six steps to optimal health for free. Timestamps:00:00 Welcoming Dr. 00:47 How We Got Connected04:02 Becoming A Functional Medicine Dr.12:39 Landing A Job After Medical School20:49 Functional Medicine Protocols27:13 The American Diet40:35 Heal Leaky Gut44:00 Mental Health & Disability48:50 The Premise of Leaky Gut54:44 The Immune Response To Leaky Gut58:24 How To Heal Leaky Gut1:04:20 Is Dairy Bad For You?1:09:39 Identifying The Root Cause1:11:43 Monsanto & Crop Cycles1:13:53 Regenerative Agriculture1:17:53 School Lunches & Nutrition1:20:25 Creating Lasting Change1:27:23 Benefits of Vegetable Juice1:30:51 How To FindMore Iron Sights Interviews:Triple Feed: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VMTc7AE0KaQ&t=384sKayley Gunner: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nfGqHxCv7Vc&t=522sMike Salemi: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Jq-Nj6M0EBI&t=335sAdam Schafer: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BiyrdWdO1y8&t=8sSal Di Stefano: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JBdKdSjQ0BM&t=4425sJason Khalipa: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YTiq-sID-EMByron Rodgers: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XrtEyuVNNpwDonnie Oliver: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cKY1_TLKHlIChris Cheng: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Wr0zSGSTzKM&t=2sTraver Boehm: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=r_NLdIg3zBc&t=1394sTRAIN WITH US:RDF Online Training: https://www.reddotfitness.net/online-coachingCONNECT WITH US:Website - https://ironsightspodcast.com/Instagram - https://www.instagram.com/ironsightspodcast/Facebook - https://www.facebook.com/ironsightspodcast/Twitter - https://twitter.com/ironsightspodLinkedIn - https://www.linkedin.com/company/ironsightspodcast

Harry's guest Eric Daimler, a serial software entrepreneur and a former Presidential Innovation Fellow in the Obama Administration, has an interesting argument about math. If you're a young person today trying to decide which math course you're going to take—or maybe an old person who just wants to brush up—he says you shouldn't bother with trigonometry or calculus. Instead he says you should study category theory. An increasingly important in computer science, category theory is about the relationships between sets or structures. It can be used to prove that different structures are consistent or compatible with one another, and to prove that the relationships in a dataset are still intact even after the data has been transformed in some way. Together with two former MIT mathematicians, Daimler co-founded a company called Conexus that uses category theory to tackle the problem of data interoperability. Longtime listeners know that data interoperability in healthcare, or more often the lack of interoperability, is a repeating theme of the show. In fields from drug development to frontline medical care, we've got petabytes of data to work with, in the form of electronic medical records, genomic and proteomic data, and clinical trial data. That data could be the fuel for machine learning and other kinds of computation that could help us make develop drugs faster and make smarter decisions about care. The problem is, it's all stored in different databases and formats that can't be safely merged without a nightmarish amount of work. So when someone like Daimler says they have a way to use math to bring heterogeneous data together without compromising that data's integrity – well, it's time to pay attention. That's why on today's show, we're all going back to school for an introductory class in category theory.Please rate and review The Harry Glorikian Show on Apple Podcasts! Here's how to do that from an iPhone, iPad, or iPod touch:1. Open the Podcasts app on your iPhone, iPad, or Mac. 2. Navigate to The Harry Glorikian Show podcast. You can find it by searching for it or selecting it from your library. Just note that you'll have to go to the series page which shows all the episodes, not just the page for a single episode.3. Scroll down to find the subhead titled "Ratings & Reviews."4. Under one of the highlighted reviews, select "Write a Review."5. Next, select a star rating at the top — you have the option of choosing between one and five stars. 6. Using the text box at the top, write a title for your review. Then, in the lower text box, write your review. Your review can be up to 300 words long.7. Once you've finished, select "Send" or "Save" in the top-right corner. 8. If you've never left a podcast review before, enter a nickname. Your nickname will be displayed next to any reviews you leave from here on out. 9. After selecting a nickname, tap OK. Your review may not be immediately visible.That's it! Thanks so much.TranscriptHarry Glorikian: Hello. I'm Harry Glorikian, and this is The Harry Glorikian Show, where we explore how technology is changing everything we know about healthcare.My guest today is Eric Daimler, a serial software entrepreneur and a former Presidential Innovation Fellow in the Obama Administration.And he has an interesting argument about math. Daimler says if you're a young person today trying to decide which math course you're going to take, or maybe an old person who just wants to brush up, you shouldn't bother with trigonometry or calculus.Instead he says you should study category theory.That's a field that isn't even part of the curriculum at most high schools. But it's increasingly important in computer science.Category theory is about the relationships between sets or structures. It can be used to prove that different structures are consistent or compatible with one another, and to prove that the relationships in a dataset are still intact even after you've transformed that data in some way.Together with two former MIT mathematicians, Daimler co-founded a company called Conexus that uses category theory to tackle the problem of data interoperability.Now…longtime listeners of the show know that data interoperability in healthcare, or more often the lack of interoperability, is one of my biggest hobby horses. In fields from drug development to frontline medical care, we've got petabytes of data to work with, in the form of electronic medical records, genomic and proteomic data, and clinical trial data.That data could be the fuel for machine learning and other kinds of computation that could help us make develop drugs faster and make smarter decisions about care. The problem is, it's all stored in different databases and formats that can't be safely merged without a nightmarish amount of work.So when someone like Daimler says they have a way to use math to bring heterogeneous data together without compromising that data's integrity – well, I pay attention.So on today's show, we're all going back to school for an introductory class in category theory from Conexus CEO Eric Daimler.Harry Glorikian: Eric, welcome to the show.Eric Daimler: It's great to be here.Harry Glorikian: So I was reading your varied background. I mean, you've worked in so many different kinds of organizations. I'm not sure that there is a compact way or even an accurate way to describe you. So can you describe yourself? You know, what do you do and what are your main interest areas?Eric Daimler: Yeah, I mean, the easiest way to describe me might come from my mother. Well, where, you know, somebody asked her, is that the doctor? And she says, Well, yes, but he's not the type that helps people. So I you know, I've been doing research around artificial intelligence and I from a lot of different perspectives around my research in graph theory and machine learning and computational linguistics. I've been a venture capitalist on Sand Hill Road. I've done entrepreneurship, done entrepreneurship, and I started a couple of businesses which I'm doing now. And most notably I was doing policy in Washington, D.C. is part of the Obama administration for a time. So I am often known for that last part. But my background really is rare, if not unique, for having the exposure to AI from all of those angles, from business, academia and policy.Harry Glorikian: Yeah. I mean, I was looking at the obviously the like you said, the one thing that jumped out to me was the you were a Presidential Innovation Fellow in the Obama administration in 2016. Can you can you give listeners an idea of what is what is the Presidential Innovation Fellowship Program? You know, who are the types of people that are fellows and what kind of things do they do?Eric Daimler: Sure, it was I guess with that sort of question, it's helpful then to give a broader picture, even how it started. There was a a program started during the Nixon administration that's colloquially known as the Science Advisers to the President, you know, a bipartisan group to give science advice to the president that that's called the OSTP, Office of Science and Technology Policy. There are experts within that group that know know everything from space to cancer, to be super specific to, in my domain, computer security. And I was the authority that was the sole authority during my time in artificial intelligence. So there are other people with other expertise there. There are people in different capacities. You know, I had the particular capacity, I had the particular title that I had that was a one year term. The staffing for these things goes up and down, depending on the administration in ways that you might be able to predict and guess. The people with those titles also also find themselves in different parts of the the executive branch. So they will do a variety of things that are not predicted by the the title of the fellow. My particular role that I happened to be doing was in helping to coordinate on behalf of the President, humbly, on behalf of the President, their research agenda across the executive branch. There are some very able people with whom I had the good fortune of working during my time during my time there, some of which are now in the in the Biden administration. And again, it's to be a nonpartisan effort around artificial intelligence. Both sides should really be advocates for having our research agenda in government be most effective. But my role was coordinating such things as, really this is helpful, the definition of robotics, which you might be surprised by as a reflex but but quickly find to be useful when you're thinking that the Defense Department's definition and use, therefore, of robotics is really fundamentally different than that of health and human services use and a definition of robotics and the VA and Department of Energy and State and and so forth.Eric Daimler: So that is we find to be useful, to be coordinated by the Office of the President and experts speaking on behalf. It was started really this additional impulse was started after the effects of, I'll generously call them, of healthcare.gov and the trip-ups there where President Obama, to his great credit, realized that we needed to attract more technologists into government, that we had a lot of lawyers to be sure we had, we had a ton of academics, but we didn't have a lot of business people, practical technologists. So he created a way to get people like me motivated to come into government for short, short periods of time. The the idea was that you could sit around a cabinet, a cabinet meeting, and you could you would never be able to raise your hand saying, oh, I don't know anything about economics or I don't know anything about foreign policy, but you could raise your hand and say, Oh, I don't know anything about technology. That needs to be a thing of the past. President Obama saw that and created a program starting with Todd. Todd Park, the chief technologist, the second chief technology officer of the United States, is fantastic to to start to start some programs to bring in people like me.Harry Glorikian: Oh, yeah. And believe me, in health care, we need we need more technologists, which I always preach. I'm like, don't go to Facebook. Come here. You know, you can get double whammy. You can make money and you can affect people's lives. So I'm always preaching that to everybody. But so if I'm not mistaken, in early 2021, you wrote an open letter to the brand new Biden administration calling for sort of a big federal effort to improve national data infrastructure. Like, can you summarize for everybody the argument in that piece and. Do you see them doing any of the items that you're suggesting?Eric Daimler: Right. The the idea is that despite us making some real good efforts during the Obama administration with solidifying our, I'll say, our view on artificial intelligence across the executive, and this continuing actually into the Trump administration with the establishment of an AI office inside the OSTP. So credit where credit is due. That extended into the the Biden administration, where some very well-meaning people can be focusing on different parts of the the conundrum of AI expressions, having various distortions. You know, the popular one we will read about is this distortion of bias that can express itself in really ugly ways, as you know, as individuals, especially for underrepresented groups. The point of the article was to help others be reminded of of some of the easy, low hanging fruit that we can that we can work on around AI. So, you know, bias comes in a lot of different ways, the same way we all have cognitive distortions, you know, cognitive biases. There are some like 50 of them, right. You know, bias can happen around gender and ethnicity and age, sexual orientation and so forth. You know, it all can also can come from absence of data. There's a type of bias that's present just by being in a developed, rich country in collecting, for example, with Conexus's customers, my company Conexus's customers, where they are trying to report on their good efforts for economic and social good and around clean, renewable energies, they find that there's a bias in being able to collect data in rich countries versus developing countries.Eric Daimler: That's another type of bias. So that was that was the point of me writing that open letter, to prioritize, these letters. It's just to distinguish what the low hanging fruit was versus some of the hard problems. The, some of tthe low hanging fruit, I think is available, I can say, In three easy parts that people can remember. One is circuit breakers. So we we can have circuit breakers in a lot of different parts of these automated systems. You know, automated car rolling down a road is, is the easiest example where, you know, at some point a driver needs to take over control to determine to make a judgment about that shadow being a person or a tumbleweed on the crosswalk, that's a type of circuit breaker. We can have those circuit breakers in a lot of different automated systems. Another one is an audit. And the way I mean is audit is having people like me or just generally people that are experts in the craft being able to distinguish the data or the biases can become possible from the data model algorithms where biases also can become possible. Right. And we get a lot of efficiency from these automated systems, these learning algorithms. I think we can afford a little bit taken off to audit the degree to which these data models are doing what we intend.Eric Daimler: And an example of a data model is that Delta Airlines, you know, they know my age or my height, and I fly to San Francisco, to New York or some such thing. The data model would be their own proprietary algorithm to determine whether or not I am deserving of an upgrade to first class, for example. That's a data model. We can have other data models. A famous one that we all are part of is FICO scores, credit scores, and those don't have to be disclosed. None of us actually know what Experian or any of the credit agencies used to determine our credit scores. But they they use these type of things called zero knowledge proofs, where we just send through enough data, enough times that we can get to a sense of what those data models are. So that's an exposure of a data model. A declarative exposure would be maybe a next best thing, a next step, and that's a type of audit.Eric Daimler: And then the third low hanging fruit, I'd say, around regulation, and I think these are just coming towards eventualities, is demanding lineage or demanding provenance. You know, you'll see a lot of news reports, often on less credible sites, but sometimes on on shockingly credible sites where claims are made that you need to then search yourself and, you know, people in a hurry just won't do it, when these become very large systems and very large systems of information, alert systems of automation, I want to know: How were these conclusions given? So, you know, an example in health care would be if my clinician gave me a diagnosis of, let's say, some sort of cancer. And then to say, you know, here's a drug, by the way, and there's a five chance, 5 percent chance of there being some awful side effects. You know, that's a connection of causation or a connection of of conclusions that I'm really not comfortable with. You know, I want to know, like, every step is like, wait, wait. So, so what type of cancer? So what's the probability of my cancer? You know, where is it? And so what drug, you know, how did you make that decision? You know, I want to know every little step of the way. It's fine that they give me that conclusion, but I want to be able to back that up. You know, a similar example, just in everyday parlance for people would be if I did suddenly to say I want a house, and then houses are presented to me. I don't quite want that. Although that looks like good for a Hollywood narrative. Right? I want to say, oh, wait, what's my income? Or what's my cash? You know, how much? And then what's my credit? Like, how much can I afford? Oh, these are houses you can kind of afford. Like, I want those little steps or at least want to back out how those decisions were made available. That's a lineage. So those three things, circuit breaker, audit, lineage, those are three pieces of low hanging fruit that I think the European Union, the State of New York and other other government entities would be well served to prioritize.Harry Glorikian: I would love all of them, especially, you know, the health care example, although I'm not holding my breath because I might not come back to life by how long I'd have to hold my breath on that one. But we're hoping for the best and we talk about that on the show all the time. But you mentioned Conexus. You're one of three co founders, I believe. If I'm not mistaken, Conexus is the first ever commercial spin out from MIT's math department. The company is in the area of large scale data integration, building on insights that come out of the field of mathematics that's called category algebra, categorical algebra, or something called enterprise category theory. And to be quite honest, I did have to Wikipedia to sort of look that up, was not familiar with it. So can you explain category algebra in terms of a non mathematician and maybe give us an example that someone can wrap their mind around.Eric Daimler: Yeah. Yeah. And it's important to get into because even though what my company does is, Conexus does a software expression of categorical algebra, it's really beginning to permeate our world. You know, the the way I tell my my nieces and nephews is, what do quantum computers, smart contracts and Minecraft all have in common? And the answer is composability. You know, they are actually all composable. And what composable is, is it's kind of related to modularity, but it's modularity without regard to scale. So the the easy analogy is in trains where, yeah, you can swap out a boxcar in a train, but mostly trains can only get to be a couple of miles long. Swap in and out boxcars, but the train is really limited in scale. Whereas the train system, the system of a train can be infinitely large, infinitely complex. At every point in the track you can have another track. That is the difference between modularity and composability. So Minecraft is infinitely self referential where you have a whole 'nother universe that exists in and around Minecraft. In smart contracts is actually not enabled without the ability to prove the efficacy, which is then enabled by categorical algebra or its sister in math, type theory. They're kind of adjacent. And that's similar to quantum computing. So quantum computing is very sexy. It gets in the press quite frequently with forks and all, all that. If it you wouldn't be able to prove the efficacy of a quantum compiler, you wouldn't actually. Humans can't actually say whether it's true or not without type theory or categorical algebra.Eric Daimler: How you think of kind categorical algebra you can think of as a little bit related to graph theory. Graph theory is those things that you see, they look like spider webs. If you see the visualizations of graph theories are graphs. Category theory is a little bit related, you might say, to graph theory, but with more structure or more semantics or richness. So in each point, each node and each edge, in the vernacular, you can you can put an infinite amount of information. That's really what a categorical algebra allows. This, the discovery, this was invented to be translating math between different domains of math. The discovery in 2011 from one of my co-founders, who was faculty at MIT's Math Department, was that we could apply that to databases. And it's in that the whole world opens up. This solves the problem that that bedeviled the good folks trying to work on healthcare.gov. It allows for a good explanation of how we can prevent the next 737 Max disaster, where individual systems certainly can be formally verified. But the whole plane doesn't have a mechanism of being formally verified with classic approaches. And it also has application in drug discovery, where we have a way of bringing together hundreds of thousands of databases in a formal way without risk of data being misinterpreted, which is a big deal when you have a 10-year time horizon for FDA trials and you have multiple teams coming in and out of data sets and and human instinct to hoard data and a concern about it ever becoming corrupted. This math and the software expression built upon it opens up just a fantastically rich new world of opportunity for for drug discovery and for clinicians and for health care delivery. And the list is quite, quite deep.Harry Glorikian: So. What does Conexus provide its clients? Is it a service? Is it a technology? Is it both? Can you give us an example of it?Eric Daimler: Yeah. So Conexus is software. Conexus is enterprise software. It's an enterprise software platform that works generally with very large organizations that have generally very large complex data data infrastructures. You know the example, I can start in health care and then I can I can move to an even bigger one, was with a hospital group that we work with in New York City. I didn't even know health care groups could really have this problem. But it's endemic to really the world's data, where one group within the same hospital had a particular way that they represented diabetes. Now to a layman, layman in a health care sense, I would think, well, there's a definition of diabetes. I can just look it up in the Oxford English Dictionary. But this particular domain found diabetes to just be easily represented as yes, no. Do they have it? Do they not? Another group within the same hospital group thought that they would represent it as diabetes, ow are we treating it? A third group would be representing it as diabetes, how long ago. And then a fourth group had some well-meaning clinicians that would characterize it as, they had it and they have less now or, you know, type one, type two, you know, with a more more nuanced view.Eric Daimler: The traditional way of capturing that data, whether it's for drug discovery or whether it's for delivery, is to normalize it, which would then squash the fidelity of the data collected within those groups. Or they most likely to actually just wouldn't do it. They wouldn't collect the data, they wouldn't bring the data together because it's just too hard, it's too expensive. They would use these processes called ETL, extract, transform, load, that have been around for 30 years but are often slow, expensive, fragile. They could take six months to year, cost $1,000,000, deploy 50 to 100 people generally from Accenture or Deloitte or Tata or Wipro. You know, that's a burden. It's a burden, you know, so the data wasn't available and that would then impair the researchers and their ability to to share data. And it would impair clinicians in their view of patient care. And it also impaired the people in operations where they would work on billing. So we work with one company right now that that works on 1.4 trillion records a year. And they just have trouble with that volume and the number of databases and the heterogeneous data infrastructure, bringing together that data to give them one view that then can facilitate health care delivery. Eric Daimler: The big example is, we work with Uber where they they have a very smart team, as smart as one might think. They also have an effectively infinite balance sheet with which they could fund an ideal IT infrastructure. But despite that, you know, Uber grew up like every other organization optimizing for the delivery of their service or product and, and that doesn't entail optimizing for that infrastructure. So what they found, just like this hospital group with different definitions of diabetes, they found they happen to have grown up around service areas. So in this case cities, more or less. So when then the time came to do analysis -- we're just passing Super Bowl weekend, how will the Super Bowl affect the the supply of drivers or the demand from riders? They had to do it for the city of San Francisco, separate than the city of San Jose or the city of Oakland. They couldn't do the whole San Francisco Bay Area region, let alone the whole of the state or the whole of the country or what have you. And that repeated itself for every business question, every organizational question that they would want to have. This is the same in drug discovery. This is the same in patient care delivery or in billing. These operational questions are hard, shockingly hard.Eric Daimler: We had another one in logistics where we had a logistics company that had 100,000 employees. I didn't even know some of these companies could be so big, and they actually had a client with 100,000 employees. That client had 1000 ships, each one of which had 10,000 containers. And I didn't even know like how big these systems were really. I hadn't thought about it. But I mean, they're enormous. And the question was, hey, where's our personal protective equipment? Where is the PPE? And that's actually a hard question to ask. You know, we are thinking about maybe our FedEx tracking numbers from an Amazon order. But if you're looking at the PPE and where it is on a container or inside of a ship, you know, inside this large company, it's actually a hard question to ask. That's this question that all of these organizations have. Eric Daimler: In our case, Uber, where they they they had a friction in time and in money and in accuracy, asking every one of these business questions. They went then to find, how do I solve this problem? Do I use these old tools of ETL from the '80s? Do I use these more modern tools from the 2000s? They're called RDF or OWL? Or is there something else? They discovered that they needed a more foundational system, this categorical algebra that that's now expressing itself in smart contracts and quantum computers and other places. And they just then they found, oh, who are the leaders in the enterprise software expression of that math? And it's us. We happen to be 40 miles north of them. Which is fortunate. We worked with Uber to to solve that problem in bringing together their heterogeneous data infrastructure to solve their problems. And to have them tell it they save $10 million plus a year in in the efficiency and speed gains from the solution we helped provide for them.[musical interlude]Harry Glorikian: Let's pause the conversation for a minute to talk about one small but important thing you can do, to help keep the podcast going. And that's leave a rating and a review for the show on Apple Podcasts.All you have to do is open the Apple Podcasts app on your smartphone, search for The Harry Glorikian Show, and scroll down to the Ratings & Reviews section. Tap the stars to rate the show, and then tap the link that says Write a Review to leave your comments. It'll only take a minute, but you'll be doing a lot to help other listeners discover the show.And one more thing. If you like the interviews we do here on the show I know you'll like my new book, The Future You: How Artificial Intelligence Can Help You Get Healthier, Stress Less, and Live Longer.It's a friendly and accessible tour of all the ways today's information technologies are helping us diagnose diseases faster, treat them more precisely, and create personalized diet and exercise programs to prevent them in the first place.The book is now available in print and ebook formats. Just go to Amazon or Barnes & Noble and search for The Future You by Harry Glorikian.And now, back to the show.[musical interlude]Harry Glorikian: So your website says that your software can map data sources to each other so that the perfect data model is discovered, not designed. And so what does that mean? I mean, does that imply that there's some machine learning or other form of artificial intelligence involved, sort of saying here are the right pieces to put together as opposed to let me design this just for you. I'm trying to piece it together.Eric Daimler: Yeah. You know, the way we might come at this is just reminding ourselves about the structure of artificial intelligence. You know, in the public discourse, we will often find news, I'm sure you can find it today, on deep learning. You know, whatever's going on in deep learning because it's sexy, it's fun. You know, DeepMind really made a name for themselves and got them acquired at a pretty valuation because of their their Hollywood-esque challenge to Go, and solving of that game. But that particular domain of AI, deep learning, deep neural nets is a itself just a subset of machine learning. I say just not not not to minimize it. It's a fantastically powerful algorithm. But but just to place it, it is a subset of machine learning. And then machine learning itself is a subset of artificial intelligence. That's a probabilistic subset. So we all know probabilities are, those are good and bad. Fine when the context is digital advertising, less fine when it's the safety of a commercial jet. There is another part of artificial intelligence called deterministic artificial intelligence. They often get expressed as expert systems. Those generally got a bad name with the the flops of the early '80s. Right. They flopped because of scale, by the way. And then the flops in the early 2000s and 2010s from IBM's ill fated Watson experiment, the promise did not meet the the reality.Eric Daimler: It's in that deterministic A.I. that that magic is to be found, especially when deployed in conjunction with the probabilistic AI. That's that's where really the future is. There's some people have a religious view of, oh, it's only going to be a probabilistic world but there's many people like myself and not to bring up fancy names, but Andrew Ng, who's a brilliant AI researcher and investor, who also also shares this view, that it's a mix of probabilistic and deterministic AI. What deterministic AI does is, to put it simply, it searches the landscape of all possible connections. Actually it's difference between bottoms up and tops down. So the traditional way of, well, say, integrating things is looking at, for example, that hospital network and saying, oh, wow, we have four definitions of diabetes. Let me go solve this problem and create the one that works for our hospital network. Well, then pretty soon you have five standards, right? That's the traditional way that that goes. That's what a top down looks that looks like.Eric Daimler: It's called a Golden Record often, and it rarely works because pretty soon what happens is the organizations will find again their own need for their own definition of diabetes. In most all cases, that's top down approach rarely works. The bottoms up approach says, Let's discover the connections between these and we'll discover the relationships. We don't discover it organically like we depend on people because it's deterministic. I, we, we discover it through a massive, you know, non intuitive in some cases, it's just kind of infeasible for us to explore a trillion connections. But what the AI does is it explores a factorial number actually is a technical, the technical equation for it, a factorial number of of possible paths that then determine the map of relationships between between entities. So imagine just discovering the US highway system. If you did that as a person, it's going to take a bit. If you had some infinitely fast crawlers that robot's discovering the highway system infinitely fast, remember, then that's a much more effective way of doing it that gives you some degree of power. That's the difference between bottoms up and tops down. That's the difference between deterministic, really, we might say, and probabilistic in some simple way.Harry Glorikian: Yeah, I'm a firm believer of the two coming together and again, I just look at them as like a box. I always tell people like, it's a box of tools. I need to know the problem, and then we can sort of reach in and pick out which set of tools that are going to come together to solve this issue, as opposed to this damn word called AI that everybody thinks is one thing that they're sort of throwing at the wall to solve a problem.Harry Glorikian: But you're trying to solve, I'm going to say, data interoperability. And on this show I've had a lot of people talk about interoperability in health care, which I actually believe is, you could break the system because things aren't working right or I can't see what I need to see across the two hospitals that I need information from. But you published an essay on Medium about Haven, the health care collaboration between Amazon, JPMorgan, Berkshire Hathaway. Their goal was to use big data to guide patients to the best performing clinicians and the most affordable medicines. They originally were going to serve these first three founding companies. I think knowing the people that started it, their vision was bigger than that. There was a huge, you know, to-do when it came out. Fireworks and everything. Launched in 2018. They hired Atul Gawande, famous author, surgeon. But then Gawande left in 2020. And, you know, the company was sort of quietly, you know, pushed off into the sunset. Your essay argued that Haven likely failed due to data interoperability challenges. I mean. How so? What what specific challenges do you imagine Haven ran into?Eric Daimler: You know, it's funny, I say in the article very gently that I imagine this is what happened. And it's because I hedge it that that the Harvard Business Review said, "Oh, well, you're just guessing." Actually, I wasn't guessing. No, I know. I know the people that were doing it. I know the challenges there. But but I'm not going to quote them and get them in trouble. And, you know, they're not authorized to speak on it. So I perhaps was a little too modest in my framing of the conclusion. So this actually is what happened. What happens is in the same way that we had the difficulty with healthcare.gov, in the same way that I described these banks having difficulty. Heterogeneous databases don't like to talk to one another. In a variety of different ways. You know, the diabetes example is true, but it's just one of many, many, many, many, many, many cases of data just being collected differently for their own use. It can be as prosaic as first name, last name or "F.last name." Right? It's just that simple, you know? And how do I bring those together? Well, those are those are called entity resolutions. Those are somewhat straightforward, but not often 100 percent solvable. You know, this is just a pain. It's a pain. And, you know, so what what Haven gets into is they're saying, well, we're massive. We got like Uber, we got an effectively infinite balance sheet. We got some very smart people. We'll solve this problem. And, you know, this is some of the problem with getting ahead of yourself. You know, I won't call it arrogance, but getting ahead of yourself, is that, you think, oh, I'll just be able to solve that problem.Eric Daimler: You know, credit where credit is due to Uber, you know, they looked both deeper saying, oh, this can't be solved at the level of computer science. And they looked outside, which is often a really hard organizational exercise. That just didn't happen at Haven. They thought they thought they could they could solve it themselves and they just didn't. The databases, not only could they have had, did have, their own structure, but they also were stored in different formats or by different vendors. So you have an SAP database, you have an Oracle database. That's another layer of complication. And when I say that these these take $1,000,000 to connect, that's not $1,000,000 one way. It's actually $2 million if you want to connect it both ways. Right. And then when you start adding five, let alone 50, you take 50 factorial. That's a very big number already. You multiply that times a million and 6 to 12 months for each and a hundred or two hundred people each. And you just pretty soon it's an infeasible budget. It doesn't work. You know, the budget for us solving solving Uber's problem in the traditional way was something on the order of $2 trillion. You know, you do that. You know, we had a bank in the U.S. and the budget for their vision was was a couple of billion. Like, it doesn't work. Right. That's that's what happened Haven. They'll get around to it, but but they're slow, like all organizations, big organizations are. They'll get around to solving this at a deeper level. We hope that we will remain leaders in database integration when they finally realize that the solution is at a deeper level than their than the existing tools.Harry Glorikian: So I mean, this is not I mean, there's a lot of people trying to solve this problem. It's one of those areas where if we don't solve it, I don't think we're going to get health care to the next level, to sort of manage the information and manage people and get them what they need more efficiently and drive down costs.Eric Daimler: Yeah.Harry Glorikian: And I do believe that EMRs are. I don't want to call them junk. Maybe I'm going too far, but I really think that they you know, if you had decided that you were going to design something to manage patients, that is not the software you would have written to start. Hands down. Which I worry about because these places won't, they spent so much putting them in that trying to get them to rip them out and put something in that actually works is challenging. You guys were actually doing something in COVID-19, too, if I'm not mistaken. Well, how is that project going? I don't know if it's over, but what are you learning about COVID-19 and the capabilities of your software, let's say?Eric Daimler: Yeah. You know, this is an important point that for anybody that's ever used Excel, we know what it means to get frustrated enough to secretly hard code a cell, you know, not keeping a formula in a cell. Yeah, that's what happened in a lot of these systems. So we will continue with electronic medical records to to bring these together, but they will end up being fragile, besides slow and expensive to construct. They will end up being fragile, because they were at some point hardcoded. And how that gets expressed is that the next time some other database standard appears inside of that organization's ecosystem from an acquisition or a divestiture or a different technical standard, even emerging, and then the whole process starts all over again. You know, we just experience this with a large company that that spent $100 million in about five years. And then they came to us and like, yeah, we know it works now, but we know like a year from now we're going to have to say we're going to go through it again. And, it's not like, oh, we'll just have a marginal difference. No, it's again, that factorial issue, that one database connected to the other 50 that already exist, creates this same problem all over again at a couple of orders of magnitude. So what we discover is these systems, these systems in the organization, they will continue to exist.Eric Daimler: These fragile systems will continue to exist. They'll continue to scale. They'll continue to grow in different parts of the life sciences domain, whether it's for clinicians, whether it's for operations, whether it's for drug discovery. Those will continue to exist. They'll continue to expand, and they will begin to approach the type of compositional systems that I'm describing from quantum computers or Minecraft or smart contracts, where you then need the the discovery and math that Conexus expresses in software for databases. When you need that is when you then need to prove the efficacy or otherwise demonstrate the lack of fragility or the integrity of the semantics. Conexus can with, it's a law of nature and it's in math, with 100 percent accuracy, prove the integrity of a database integration. And that matters in high consequence context when you're doing something as critical as drug side effects for different populations. We don't want your data to be misinterpreted. You can't afford lives to be lost or you can't, in regulation, you can't afford data to be leaking. That's where you'll ultimately need the categorical algebra. You'll need a provable compositional system. You can continue to construct these ones that will begin to approach compositionality, but when you need the math is when you need to prove it for either the high consequence context of lives, of money or related to that, of regulation.Harry Glorikian: Yeah, well, I keep telling my kids, make sure you're proficient in math because you're going to be using it for the rest of your life and finance. I always remind them about finance because I think both go together. But you've got a new book coming out. It's called "The Future is Formal" and not tuxedo like formal, but like you're, using the word formal. And I think you have a very specific meaning in mind. And I do want you to talk about, but I think what you're referring to is how we want automated systems to behave, meaning everything from advertising algorithms to self-driving trucks. And you can tell me if that my assumption is correct or not.Eric Daimler: Though it's a great segue, actually, from the math. You know, what I'm trying to do is bring in people that are not programmers or research technology, information technology researchers day to day into the conversation around automated digital systems. That's my motivation. And my motivation is, powered by the belief that we will bring out the best of the technology with more people engaged. And with more people engaged, we have a chance to embrace it and not resist it. You know, my greatest fear, I will say, selfishly, is that we come up with technology that people just reject, they just veto it because they don't understand it as a citizen. That also presents a danger because I think that companies' commercial expressions naturally will grow towards where their technology is needed. So this is actually to some extent a threat to Western security relative to Chinese competition, that we embrace the technology in the way that we want it to be expressed in our society. So trying to bring people into this conversation, even if they're not programmers, the connection to math is that there are 18 million computer programmers in the world. We don't need 18 million and one, you know. But what we do need is we do need people to be thinking, I say in a formal way, but also just be thinking about the values that are going to be represented in these digital infrastructures.Eric Daimler: You know, somewhere as a society, we will have to have a conversation with ourselves to determine the car driving to the crosswalk, braking or rolling or slowing or stopping completely. And then who's liable if it doesn't? Is it the driver or is it the manufacturer? Is it the the programmer that somehow put a bug in their code? You know, we're entering an age where we're going to start experiencing what some person calls double bugs. There's the bug in maybe one's expression in code. This often could be the semantics. Or in English. Like your English doesn't make sense. Right? Right. Or or was it actually an error in your thinking? You know, did you leave a gap in your thinking? This is often where where some of the bugs in Ethereum and smart contracts have been expressed where, you know, there's an old programming rule where you don't want to say something equals true. You always want to be saying true equals something. If you get if you do the former, not the latter, you can have to actually create bugs that can create security breaches.Eric Daimler: Just a small little error in thinking. That's not an error in semantics. That level of thinking, you don't need to know calculus for, or category theory for that matter. You just need to be thinking in a formal way. You know, often, often lawyers, accountants, engineers, you know, anybody with scientific training can, can more quickly get this idea, where those that are educated in liberal arts can contribute is in reminding themselves of the broader context that wants to be expressed, because often engineers can be overly reductionist. So there's really a there's a push and pull or, you know, an interplay between those two sensibilities that then we want to express in rules. Then that's ultimately what I mean by formal, formal rules. Tell me exactly what you mean. Tell me exactly how that is going to work. You know, physicians would understand this when they think about drug effects and drug side effects. They know exactly what it's going to be supposed to be doing, you know, with some degree of probability. But they can be very clear, very clear about it. It's that clear thinking that all of us will need to exercise as we think about the development and deployment of modern automated digital systems.Harry Glorikian: Yeah, you know, it's funny because that's the other thing I tell people, like when they say, What should my kid take? I'm like, have him take a, you know, basic programming, not because they're going to do it for a living, but they'll understand how this thing is structured and they can get wrap their mind around how it is. And, you know, I see how my nephew thinks who's from the computer science world and how I think, and sometimes, you know, it's funny watching him think. Or one of the CTOs of one of our companies how he looks at the world. And I'm like you. You got to back up a little bit and look at the bigger picture. Right. And so it's the two of us coming together that make more magic than one or the other by themselves.Harry Glorikian: So, you know, I want to jump back sort of to the different roles you've had in your career. Like like you said, you've been a technology investor, a serial startup founder, a university professor, an academic administrator, an entrepreneur, a management instructor, Presidential Innovation Fellow. I don't think I've missed anything, but I may have. You're also a speaker, a commentator, an author. Which one of those is most rewarding?Eric Daimler: Oh, that's an interesting question. Which one of those is most rewarding? I'm not sure. I find it to be rewarding with my friends and family. So it's rewarding to be with people. I find that to be rewarding in those particular expressions. My motivation is to be, you know, just bringing people in to have a conversation about what we want our world to look like, to the degree to which the technologies that I work with every day are closer to the dystopia of Hollywood narratives or closer to our hopes around the utopia that's possible, that where this is in that spectrum is up to us in our conversation around what these things want to look like. We have some glimpses of both extremes, but I'd like people, and I find it to be rewarding, to just be helping facilitate the helping catalyze that conversation. So the catalyst of that conversation and whatever form it takes is where I enjoy being.Harry Glorikian: Yeah, because I was thinking about like, you know, what can, what can you do as an individual that shapes the future. Does any of these roles stand out as more impactful than others, let's say?Eric Daimler: I think the future is in this notion of composability. I feel strongly about that and I want to enroll people into this paradigm as a framework from which to see many of the activities going around us. Why have NFTs come on the public, in the public media, so quickly? Why does crypto, cryptocurrency capture our imagination? Those And TikTok and the metaverse. And those are all expressions of this quick reconfiguration of patterns in different contexts that themselves are going to become easier and easier to express. The future is going to be owned by people that that take the special knowledge that they've acquired and then put it into short business expressions. I'm going to call them rules that then can be recontextualized and redeployed. This is my version of, or my abstraction of what people call the the future being just all TikTok. It's not literally that we're all going to be doing short dance videos. It's that TikTok is is an expression of people creating short bits of content and then having those be reconfigured and redistributed. That can be in medicine or clinical practice or in drugs, but it can be in any range of expertise, expertise or knowledge. And what's changed? What's changed and what is changing is the different technologies that are being brought to bear to capture that knowledge so that it can be scalable, so it can be compositional. Yeah, that's what's changing. That's what's going to be changing over the next 10 to 20 years. The more you study that, I think the better off we will be. And I'd say, you know, for my way of thinking about math, you might say the more math, the better. But if I were to choose for my children, I would say I would replace trig and geometry and even calculus, some people would be happy to know, with categorical algebra, category theory and with probability and statistics. So I would replace calculus, which I think is really the math of the 20th century, with something more appropriate to our digital age, which is categorical algebra.Harry Glorikian: I will tell my son because I'm sure he'll be very excited to to if I told him that not calculus, but he's not going to be happy when I say go to this other area, because I think he'd like to get out of it altogether.Eric Daimler: It's easier than calculus. Yeah.Harry Glorikian: So, you know, it was great having you on the show. I feel like we could talk for another hour on all these different aspects. You know, I'm hoping that your company is truly successful and that you help us solve this interoperability problem, which is, I've been I've been talking about it forever. It seems like I feel like, you know, the last 15 or 20 years. And I still worry if we're any closer to solving that problem, but I'm hopeful, and I wish you great success on the launch of your new book. It sounds exciting. I'm going to have to get myself a copy.Eric Daimler: Thank you very much. It's been fun. It's good to be with you.Harry Glorikian: Thank you.Harry Glorikian: That's it for this week's episode. You can find a full transcript of this episode as well as the full archive of episodes of The Harry Glorikian Show and MoneyBall Medicine at our website. Just go to glorikian.com and click on the tab Podcasts.I'd like to thank our listeners for boosting The Harry Glorikian Show into the top three percent of global podcasts.If you want to be sure to get every new episode of the show automatically, be sure to open Apple Podcasts or your favorite podcast player and hit follow or subscribe. Don't forget to leave us a rating and review on Apple Podcasts. And we always love to hear from listeners on Twitter, where you can find me at hglorikian.Thanks for listening, stay healthy, and be sure to tune in two weeks from now for our next interview.

About KateKate Holterhoff, an industry analyst with RedMonk, has a background in frontend engineering, academic research, and technical communication. Kate comes to RedMonk from the digital marketing sector and brings with her expertise in frontend engineering, QA, accessibility, and scrum best practices.Before pursuing a career in the tech industry Kate taught writing and communication courses at several East Coast universities. She earned a PhD from Carnegie Mellon in 2016 and was awarded a postdoctoral fellowship (2016-2018) at Georgia Tech, where she is currently an affiliated researcher.Links: RedMonk: https://redmonk.com/ Visual Haggard: https://visualhaggard.org Twitter: https://twitter.com/kateholterhoff TranscriptAnnouncer: Hello, and welcome to Screaming in the Cloud with your host, Chief Cloud Economist at The Duckbill Group, Corey Quinn. This weekly show features conversations with people doing interesting work in the world of cloud, thoughtful commentary on the state of the technical world, and ridiculous titles for which Corey refuses to apologize. This is Screaming in the Cloud.Corey: Couchbase Capella Database-as-a-Service is flexible, full-featured, and fully managed with built-in access via key-value, SQL, and full-text search. Flexible JSON documents aligned to your applications and workloads. Build faster with blazing fast in-memory performance and automated replication and scaling while reducing cost. Capella has the best price-performance of any fully managed document database. Visit couchbase.com/screaminginthecloud to try Capella today for free and be up and running in three minutes with no credit card required. Couchbase Capella: Make your data sing.Corey: This episode is sponsored by our friends at Revelo. Revelo is the Spanish word of the day, and its spelled R-E-V-E-L-O. It means, “I reveal.” Now, have you tried to hire an engineer lately? I assure you it is significantly harder than it sounds. One of the things that Revelo has recognized is something I've been talking about for a while, specifically that while talent is evenly distributed, opportunity is absolutely not. They're exposing a new talent pool to, basically, those of us without a presence in Latin America via their platform. It's the largest tech talent marketplace in Latin America with over a million engineers in their network, which includes—but isn't limited to—talent in Mexico, Costa Rica, Brazil, and Argentina. Now, not only do they wind up spreading all of their talent on English ability, as well as you know, their engineering skills, but they go significantly beyond that. Some of the folks on their platform are hands down the most talented engineers that I've ever spoken to. Let's also not forget that Latin America has high time zone overlap with what we have here in the United States, so you can hire full-time remote engineers who share most of the workday as your team. It's an end-to-end talent service, so you can find and hire engineers in Central and South America without having to worry about, frankly, the colossal pain of cross-border payroll and benefits and compliance because Revelo handles all of it. If you're hiring engineers, check out revelo.io/screaming to get 20% off your first three months. That's R-E-V-E-L-O dot I-O slash screaming.Corey: Welcome to Screaming in the Cloud. I'm Corey Quinn. Every once in a while on the Twitters, I see a glorious notification. Now, doesn't happen often, but when it does, I have all well, atwitter, if you'll pardon the term. They have brought someone new in over at RedMonk.RedMonk has been a longtime friend of the show. They're one of the only companies that can say that about and not immediately get a cease-and-desist for having said that. And their most recent hire is joining me today. Kate Holterhoff is a newly minted analyst over at RedMonk. Kate, thank you for joining me.Kate: It's great to be here.Corey: One of the things that's always interesting about RedMonk is how many different directions you folks seem to go in all at once. It seems that I keep crossing paths with you folks almost constantly: When I'm talking to clients, when I'm talking to folks in the industry. And it could easily be assumed that you folks are 20, 30, 40 people, but to my understanding, there are not quite that many of you there.Kate: That is very true. Yes. I am the fifth analyst on a team of seven. And yeah, brought on the first of the year, and I'm thrilled to be here. I actually, I would say, recruited by one of my friends at Georgia Tech, Kelly Fitzpatrick, who I taught technical communication with when we were both postdocs in their Brittain Fellowship program.Corey: So, you obviously came out of an academic background. Is this your first excursion to industry?Kate: No, actually. After getting my PhD in literary and cultural studies at Carnegie Mellon in 2016, I moved to Atlanta and took a postdoc at Georgia Tech. And after that was kind of winding down, I decided to make the jump to industry. So, my first position out of that was at a digital marketing agency in Atlanta. And I was a frontend engineer for several years.Towards the end of my tenure there, I moved into doing more of their production engineering and QA work. Although it was deeply tied to my frontend work, so we spent a lot of time looking at how the web sites look at different media queries, making sure that there were no odd break points. So, it certainly was an organic move there as their team expanded.Corey: You spent significant amounts of time in the academic landscape. When you start talking about, “Well, I took on a postdoc position,” that's usually the sign of not your first year on a college campus in most cases. I mean, again, with an eighth grade education, I'm not really the person to ask, but I sit here in awe as people who are steeped in academia wind up going about the magic that, from where I sit, they tend to do. What was it that made you decide that I really enjoy the field that I've gotten a doctorate in. You just recently published a book in that is—or at least tangentially related to this space.But you decide, “You know what I really want to do now? That's right, frontend engineering. I want to spend, more or less, 40-some-odd hours a week slowly going mad because CSS, and I can't quite get that thing to line up the way that I want it to.” Now, at least that's my experience with it, for folks who are, you know, competent at it, I presume that's a bit of a different story.Kate: Yes. I considered naming my blog at RedMonk, “How to Center a Div.” So yes, that is certainly an ongoing issue, I think, for anyone in [unintelligible 00:06:15] any, you know, practitioners. So, I guess my story probably began in 2013, the real move into technology. So, getting a PhD, of course, takes a very, very long time.So, I started at Carnegie Mellon in 2009, and in 2013, I started a digital archive called Visual Haggard. And it's a Ruby on Rails site; you can visit it at visualhaggard.org. And it is a digital archive of illustrations that were created to accompany a 19th century writer, H. Rider Haggard.And I became very interested in all the illustrations that had been created to accompany both the serialization of his fictions, but also the later novelizations. And it's kind of like how we have all these different movie adaptations of, like, Spider Man that come out every couple of years. These illustrations were just very iterative. And generally, this fellowship that I saw really only focused on, you know, the first illustrations that, you know, came out. So, this was a sort of response to that: How can we use technology to showcase all the different types of illustrations and how maybe different artists would interpret that literature differently?And so, that drove me into a discipline called the digital humanities, which really sort of, you know, focuses on that question, which is, you know, how to computers help us to understand the humanities better? And so, that incorporates not only the arts, but also literature, philosophy, you know, new media. But it's an extremely broad subject, and it's evolving, as you can imagine, as the things that technology can do expands. So, I became interested in this subject and really was drawn to the sort of archival aspects of this. Which wasn't really my training; I think that's something that, you know, you think of librarians as being more focused on, but I became acquainted with all these, you know, very obscure editions.But in any event, it also taught me how to [laugh] use technology, I really—I was involved in the [RDF 00:08:08] export for [laugh] incorporating the site on Nines, which is sort of a larger agglomeration of 19th century archives. And I was just really drawn to a lot of the new things that we could do. So, I began to use it more in my teaching. So, not only did I—and of course as I taught communication courses at Carnegie Mellon, and then I moved to teaching them at Georgia Tech, you can imagine I had many students who were engineers, and they were very interested in these sorts of questions as well. So, the move felt very organic to me, but I think any academic that you speak to, their identity is very tied up in their sort of, you know, academic standing.And so, the idea of jumping ship, of not being labeled an academic anymore is kind of terrifying. But I, you know, ultimately opted to do it. It certainly was, yeah, but you know, what [laugh] what I learned is that there's the status called an affiliated researcher. So, I didn't necessarily have to be a professor or someone on the tenure track in order to continue doing research.Corey: Was it hard for you?Kate: So, the book project, which is titled Illustration in Fin-de-Siècle Transatlantic Romance Fiction, and has a chapter devoted to H. Rider Haggard, I wrote it, while really not even being an instructor or sort of traditional academic. I had access to the library through this affiliated researcher status, which I maintained by keeping a relationship with the folks at Georgia Tech, and was able to do all my research while you know, having a job in industry. And I think what a lot of academics need to do is think about what it is about academia that they really value. Is it the teaching?Because in industry, we spend a lot of time teaching [laugh]. Sharing our knowledge is something that's extremely important. Is that the research? As an analyst, I get to do research all the time, which is really fun for me. And then, you know, is it really just kind of focusing on historical aspects? And that was also important to me.So, you know, this status allowed me to keep all the best parts of being an academic while kind of sloughing off the [laugh] parts that weren't so good, which is, um, say the fact that 80% of courses in the university are taught now by adjuncts or folks who are not on the tenure track line. Which is, you know, pretty shocking, you know. The academy is going through some… troubles right now, and hiring issues are—they need to be acknowledged, and I think folks who are considering getting a PhD need to look for other career paths beyond just through modeling it on their advisors, or, you know, in order to become, ostensibly, a professor themselves.Corey: I don't know if I've told the story before in public, but I briefly explored the possibility of getting a PhD myself, which is interesting given that I'd have to… there's some prerequisites I'd probably have to nail first, like, get a formal GED might be, like, step one, before proceeding on. And strangely enough for me, it was not the higher level, I guess, contribution to a body of knowledge in a particular direction. I mean, cloud economics being sort of an easy direction for me [laugh] to go in, given that I eat, sleep, live, and breathe it, but rather the academic rigor around so much of it. And the incentives feel very different, which to be clear, is a good thing. My entire career path has always been focused on not starving to death, and how do we turn this problem into money, whereas academia has always seemed to be focused on knowledge for the sake of knowledge without much, if any, thought toward the practical application slash monetization thereof? Is that a fair characterization from where you sit? I'm trying not to actively be insulting, but it's possible I may be unintentionally so.Kate: No, I think you're right on. And so yeah, like, the book that I published, I probably won't see any remuneration for that. There is very little—I'm actually [laugh] not even sure what the contract says, but I don't intend to make any money with this. Professors, even those who have reached the height of their career, unless they're, you know, on specific paths, don't make a lot of money, those in the humanities, especially. You don't do this to become wealthy.And the Visual Haggard archive, I don't—you know, everything is under a Creative Commons license. I don't make money from people, you know, finding images that they're looking for to reproduce, say, on a t-shirt or something. So yeah, I suspect you do it for the love. I always explained it as having a sort of existential anxiety of, like, trying to, you know, cheat death. I think it was Umberto Eco who said that in order to live forever, you have to have a child and a book.And at this point, I have two children and a book now, so I can just, you know, die and my, you know, [laugh] my legacy lives on. But I do feel like the reasons that folks go into upper higher education vary, and so I wouldn't want to speak for everyone. But for me, yeah, it is not a place to make money, it's a place to establish sort of more intangible benefits.Corey: This episode is sponsored in part by our friends at ChaosSearch. You could run Elasticsearch or Elastic Cloud—or OpenSearch as they're calling it now—or a self-hosted ELK stack. But why? ChaosSearch gives you the same API you've come to know and tolerate, along with unlimited data retention and no data movement. Just throw your data into S3 and proceed from there as you would expect. This is great for IT operations folks, for app performance monitoring, cybersecurity. If you're using Elasticsearch, consider not running Elasticsearch. They're also available now in the AWS marketplace if you'd prefer not to go direct and have half of whatever you pay them count towards your EDB commitment. Discover what companies like Klarna, Equifax, Armor Security, and Blackboard already have. To learn more, visit chaossearch.io and tell them I sent you just so you can see them facepalm, yet again.Corey: I guess one of the weird things from where I sit is looking at the broad sweep of industry and what I know of RedMonks perspective, you mentioned that as a postdoc, you taught technical communication. Then you went to go to frontend engineering, which in many respects is about effectively, technically—highly technical and communicating with the end-user. And now you are an analyst at RedMonk. And seeing what I have seen of your organization in the larger ecosystem, teaching technical communication is a terrific descriptor of what it is you folks actually do. So, from a certain point of view, I would argue that you're still pursuing the path that you are on in some respects. Is that even slightly close to the way that you view things, or am I just more or less ineffectively grasping at straws, as I am wont to do?Kate: No, I feel like there is a continuous thread. So, even before I got my PhD, I got a—one of my bachelor's degrees was in art. So, I used to paint murals; I was very interested in public art. And so, it you know, it feels to me that there is this thread that goes from an interest in the arts and how the public can access them to, you know, doing web development that's focused on the visual aspects, you know, how are these things responsive? What is it that actually makes the DOM communicate in this visual way? You know, how are cascading style sheets,allowing us to do these sorts of marvelous things?You know, I could talk about my favorite, you know, selectors and things. [laugh]. Because I will defend CSS. I actually don't hate it, although we use SASS if it matters. But you know, that I think there's a lot to be said for the way that the web looks today rather than, you know, 20 years ago.So there, it feels very natural to me to have moved from an interest in illustration to trying to, you know, work in a more frontend way, but then ultimately [laugh] move from that into doing, sort of, QA, which is, like, well, let's take a look at how we're communicating visually and see if we can improve that to, you know, look for things that maybe aren't coming across as well as they could. Which really forced me to work in the interactive team more with the UI/UX folks who are, you know, obviously telling the designers where to put the buttons and, you know, how to structure the, you know, the text blocks in relationship to the images and things like that. So, it feels natural to me, although it might not seem so on the outside. You know, in the process, I really I guess, acquired a love of that entire area.And I think what's great about working at RedMonk now is that I get to see how these technologies are evolving. So, you know, I actually just spun up a site on [unintelligible 00:16:27] not long ago. And, I mean, it is so cool. I mean, you know, coming from a background where we were working with, you know, jQuery, [laugh] things have really evolved. You know, it's exciting. And I think we're seeing the, [like, as 00:16:39] the full stack approach to this.Corey: I used to volunteer for the jQuery infrastructure team and help run jquery.net, once upon a time.Kate: Ohh.Corey: I assume that is probably why it is no longer in vogue. Like, oh, Corey was too close to it got his stink all over the thing. Let's find something better immediately, which honestly, not the worst approach in the world to take.Kate: I'm so impressed. I had no idea.Corey: It was mostly—because again, I was bad at frontend; always have been, but I know how to make computers run—kind of—and on the backend side of things and the infrastructure piece of it. It's like I tend to—at least at the time—break the world into more or less three sets: You had the ops types, think of database admins and the rest; you had the backend engineers, people who wrote code that made things talk to each other from an API perspective, and you had frontend folks who took all of the nonsense and had this innovative idea that, “Huh, maybe a green screen glowing text terminal isn't the pinnacle of user experience that we might possibly think about, and start turning it into something that a human being can use.”And whatever I hear folks from one of those constituencies start talking disparagingly about the others, it's… yeah, go walk a mile in their shoes and then tell me how you feel. A couple years ago, I took a two week break to, all right, it's time for me to learn JavaScript. And by the end of the two weeks period, I was more confused than I was when I began. And it's just a very different way of thinking than I have become accustomed to working with. So, from where I sit, people who work on that stuff successfully are effectively just this side of wizards.I think that there's—I feel the same way about database types. That's an area I never go into either because I'm terrible at that, and the stakes over their company-killing proportions in a way that I took down a web server usually doesn't.Kate: Yeah, I think that's often the motto, well, at least at my last company, which was like, “It's just a website. No one will die.” [laugh].Corey: Honestly, I find that the people who have really have the best attitude about that tend to be, strangely enough, military veterans because it's, “The site is down. How are you so calm?” It's, “Well, no one's shooting at me and no one's going to die? It's fine.” Like, “We're all going to go home to our families tonight. It'll work out.” It having perspective is important.Kate: Yeah. It is interesting how the impetus—I mean, going back to your question about, you know, making money at this field, you know, how that kind of factors in, I guess, frontend does tend to have a more relaxed attitude than say, yeah, if you drop a table or something. But at the same time, you know, compared to academia, it did feel a little bit more [laugh] like, “Okay, well, this—you know, we've got the project manager that is breathing down our neck. They got to send them something, you know, what's going on here?” So, yeah, it does become a little bit more, I don't know, these things ramped up a little bit, and the importance, you know, varies by, you know, whatever part of it you're working on.It's interesting, as an analyst, I don't hear the terms backend and frontend as much, and that was really how my team was divided, you know? It was really, kind of, opaque when you walked in. Started the job, I was like, “Okay, well, is this something that the frontend should be dealing with or the backend? You know, what's going on?” And then, you know, ultimately, I was like, “Oh, no, I know exactly what this is.”And then anyone who came on later, I was like, “No, no, no. We talk to the backend folks for this sort of problem.” So, I don't know if that's also something that's falling out of vogue, but that was, you know, the backend handled all the DevOps aspects as well, and so, you know, anything with our virtual boxes and, you know, trying to get things running and, you know, access to our… yeah, the servers, you know, all of that was kind of handled by backend. But yeah, I worked with some really fantastic frontend, folks. They were just—I feel like they we could bet had been better categorized as full stack. And many of them have CS degrees and they chose to go into frontend. So, you know, it's a—I have no patience for, you know—Corey: Oh God, you mean you chose this instead of it being something that happened to you in a horrible accident one of these days?Kate: [laugh]. Exactly.Corey: And that's not restricted to frontend; that's working with computers, in my experience.Kate: [laugh].Corey: Like, oh, God, it's hard to remember I chose this at one point. Now, it feels almost like I'm not suited for anything else. You have a clear ability to effectively communicate technical concepts. If not, you more or less wasted most of your academic career, let's be very clear. Then you decided that you're going to go and be an engineer for a while, and you did that.Why RedMonk? Why was that the next step because with that combination of skills, the world is very much your oyster. What made you look at RedMonk and say, “Yes, this is where I should work?” And let me be very clear. There are days I have strongly considered, like, if I weren't doing this, where would I be? And yeah, I would probably annoy RedMonk into actively blocking me on all social media or hiring me. There's no third option there. So, I agree wholeheartedly with the decision. What was it that made it for you?Kate: I mean, it was certainly not just one thing. One of the parts of academia that I really enjoyed was the ability to go to conferences and just travel and really get to meet people. And so, that was something that seemed to be a big part of it [unintelligible 00:21:27] so that's kind of the part that maybe doesn't get mentioned so much. And then especially in the Covid era, you know, we're not doing as much traveling, as you're well aware.Corey: We're spending all of our time having these conversations via screen.Kate: You know, I do enjoy that.Corey: Yeah. Like in the before times, probably one out of every eight episodes or so of this show was recorded in person.Kate: Wow.Corey: Now, it's, “I don't know. I don't really know if I want to go across town.” It's a—honestly, I've become a bit of a shut-in here. But you get it down to a science. But you lose something by doing it.Kate: That's true.Corey: There's a lack of high bandwidth communication.Kate: And many of my academic friends, when they would go to conferences, they would just kind of hide in their hotel room until they had to present. And I was the kind of person that was down in the bar hanging out. So, to me, it [laugh] felt very natural. But in terms of the intellectual parts, in all seriousness, I think the ability to pull apart arguments is something that I just truly enjoy. So, when I was teaching, which of course was how—was why they paid me to be an academic, you know, I loved when I could sit in a classroom and I would ask a question. You know, I kind of come up with these questions ahead of time.And the students would say something totally unexpected, and then I'd have another one, say something totally out of the blue as well. And I get to take them and say, “You're both right. Here's how we combine them, and here's how we're going to move forward.” Sort of, the ability to take an argument and sort of mold it into something constructive, I think can be very useful, both in, you know, meeting with clients who maybe are, you know, coming at things a little bit differently than then maybe we would recommend in order to, you know, help them to reach developers, the practitioners, but also, you know, moderating panels is something that a lot of my colleagues do. I mean, that's a big part of the job, too, is, you know, speaking and… well, not only doing sort of keynote talks, which my colleague Rachel is doing that at, I think, a [GlueCon 00:23:14] this year.And then—but also, you know, just in video format, you know, to having multiple presenters and, kind of, taking their ideas and making something out of that sort of forwards the argument. I think that's a lot of fun. I like to think I do an okay job at it. And I certainly have a lot of experience with it. And then just finally, you know, listening to argument [unintelligible 00:23:30] a big part of the job is going to briefings where clients explain what their product does, and we listen and try to give them feedback about how to reach the developer audience, and, you know, just trying to work on that communication aspect.And I think what I would like to push is more of the visual part of this. So, I think a lot of times, people don't always think through the icons that they include, or the illustrations, or the just the stock photos. And I find those so fascinating. [laugh]. I know, that's not always the most—the part that everyone wants to focus on, but to me, the visuals of these pitches are truly interesting. They really, kind of, maybe say things that they don't intend always, and that also can really make concrete ideas that are, especially with some of this really complex technology, it can really help potential buyers to understand what it accomplishes better.Corey: Some of the endless engagements I've been on that I enjoy the most have been around talking to vendors who are making things. And it starts off invariably as, “Yeah, we want to go ahead and tell the world about this thing that we've done.” And my perspective has always been just a subtle frame shift. It's like, “Yeah, let me save some time. No one cares. Absolutely no one cares. You're in love with the technical thing that you built, and the only people who are going to love it as much as you do are either wanting to work where you, or they're going to go build their own and they're not going to be your customer. So, don't talk about you. No one cares about you. Talk about the pain that you solve. Talk about the painful thing that you're target customer is struggling with that you make disappear.”And I didn't think that would be, A, as revelatory as it turned out to be, and B, a lesson that I had to learn myself. When I was starting o—when I was doing some product development here where I once again fell into the easy trap of assuming if I know something, everyone must know it, therefore, it's easy, whereas if I don't know something, it's very hard, and no one could possibly wrap their head around it. And we all come from different places, and meeting people wherever they are in their journey, it's a delicate lesson to learn. I never understood what analysts did until I started being an analyst myself, and I've got to level with you, I spent six months of doing those types of engagements feeling like a giant fraud. I'm just a loudmouth with an opinion, what is what does that mean?Well, in many ways, it means analyst. Because it's having an opinion is in so many ways, what customers are really after. Raw data, you can find that a thousand different ways, but finding someone who could talk on what something means, that's harder. And I think that we don't teach anything approaching that in most of our STEM curriculum.Kate: Yeah, I think that's really on point. Yeah, I mean, especially when some of these briefings are so mired in acronyms, and sort of assumed specialization. I know I spend a lot of time just thinking about what it is that confuses me about their pitch, more so than what, you know, is actually coming through. So, I think actually, one of the tools that we use—writing instructors; my past life—was thinking like someone with an eighth grade education. So, I actually think that your reference to having [laugh] you know, that's sort of chestnut, that can actually be useful because you say, “If I, you know, took my slide deck and showed it to a bunch of eighth graders, would they understand what it is that I'm saying?”You know, maybe you don't want them to get the technical details, but what problem does it solve? If they don't understand that, you're not doing a good enough job. And so that, to me, is [laugh] actually something that a lot of folks need to hear. That yeah, these vendors because they're just so deep in it, they're so in the weeds, that they can't maybe see how someone who's just looking for a database, or a platform, or whatever, they actually need this sort of simplified and yet broad enough explanation for what it is that they're actually trying to do what service they actually provide.Corey: From where I sit, one of the hardest things is just reaching people in the right way. And I'm putting out a one to two-thousand word blog post every week because I apparently hate myself. And that was a constant struggle for me when I started doing that a year or two ago. And what has worked for me that really get me moving down that is, instead of trying to teach everyone all the things, I pick an individual—and it varies from week to week—that I think about and I want to explain something to that person. And then I wind up directing what it is I'm about to tell—what it is I'm writing—to that person.Sometimes they're a complete layperson. Other times they are fairly advanced in a particular area of technology. And the responses to these things differ, but it's always—I always learn something from the feedback that I get. And if nothing else, is one of those ways to become a better writer. While I would start by writing. Just do it, don't whine—don't worry about getting it perfect; just go out there and power through things.At least, that's my approach. And I'm talking about the burden of writing a thousand words a week. You wrote an actual book. My belief is that, the more people I've talked to who've done that, no one actually wants to write a book; people want to have written a book, and that definitely resonates with me. I am tempted to just slap a bunch of these—Kate: Yeah.Corey: —blogs posts together and call it a book one of these days as an anthology. But it feels like it's cheating. If I ever decide to go down that path, I want to do it right.Kate: I guess, I come at it from the perspective of I don't know what I think until I write it down. So, it helps me to formulate ideas better. I also feel like my strength is in rereading things and trying to edit them down to really get to the kernel of what it is I think. And a lot of times how I begin a chapter or a blog post or whatever is not where it should begin, that maybe I'm somewhere in the middle, maybe this is a conclusion. There's something magical, in my view, that [laugh] happens when you write, that you are able to pause and take a little bit more time and maybe come up with a better word for what it is that you're trying to communicate.I also am—I benefit from readers. So, for instance, in my book, I have one chapter that really focuses on Harper's Weekly, which is an American newspaper. I'm not an Americanist; I don't have a deep knowledge of that, so what I did is I revise that chapter and send it to American periodicals and got feedback from their readers. Super useful. In terms of my blog at RedMonk, anytime I publish something, you can bet that at least one founder and probably at least one other analyst has read it through and giving me some extremely incisive feedback. It never is just from my mind. It's something that is collaboration.And I am grateful to anyone who takes the time to read my writing because, you know, all of us have so much time, of course. It really helps me to understand what it is that I'm trying to dig into. So, for instance, I've been writing a series for RedMonk on certifications, which makes a lot of sense; I've come from an academic background, here it is, you know, I'm seeing all these tech certifications. And so, it's interesting to me to see similarities and differences and what sort of issues that we're seeing come up with them. So, for instance, I just wrote about the vendor-specific versus vendor-neutral certifications. What are the advantages of getting a certification from the CN/CF versus from say, VMware and—Corey: Oh, I have opinions, on all of [those 00:30:44]—Kate: I—Corey: —and most of them are terrible.Kate: —I'm sure you do. [laugh]. It came naturally out of the job, you know, sitting through briefings and, kind of, seeing these things evolve, and the questions that I have from a long history of teaching, but. I think it also suggests the collaborative aspect of this, of coming to my colleagues—you know, I've been here before, for what, four months?—and saying, you know, “Is this normal? Like, what are we seeing here? Let me write a little bit about what I think is going on with certifications, and then you tell me, you know, what it is that you've seen with your years and years of expertise,” right?So, Stephen O'Grady's been doing this for longer than he really likes to admit, right? So, this is grateful to have such well-established colleagues that can help me on that journey. But, you know, to kind of spiral back to your original question, I think that writing to me is an exploration, it's something that helps me to get to something a little more, I guess, meaningful than just where I began. You know, just the questions that I have, I can kind of dig down and find some substance there. I would encourage you to take any one of your blog posts and think about maybe where they—or using the jumping off points for your eventual book, which I will be looking for on newsstands any day now.Corey: I am looking forward to seeing how you continue to evolve your coverage area, as well as reading more of your writings around these things. I am—they always say that the cobblers children have no shoes, and I am having an ongoing war with the RedMonk RSS feed because I've been subscribed to it three times now, and I'm still not seeing everything that comes through, such as your posts. Time for me to go and yell at some people over on your end about how these things work because it is such good content. And every time RedMonk puts something out, it doesn't matter who over there has written it, I wind up reading it with this sense of envy, in that I wish I had written something like this. It is always an experience, and your writing is absolutely no exception to that. You fit in well over there.Kate: It means a lot to me. Thank you. [laugh].Corey: No, thank you. I want to thank you for spending so much time talking to me about things that I feel like I'm still not quite smart enough to wrap my head around, but that's all right. If people want to learn more, where's the best place to find you?Kate: Certainly Twitter. So, my Twitter handle is just my name, @kateholterhoff. And I don't post as often as maybe I should, but I try to maintain an ongoing presence there.Corey: And we will of course, put a link to that in the [show notes 00:33:04].Kate: Thank you.Corey: Thank you so much for your time. I appreciate it. Kate Holterhoff, analyst at RedMonk. I'm Cloud Economist Corey Quinn and this is Screaming in the Cloud. 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