Podcasts about shinya yamanaka

Send us a textDr. David B. Agus ( https://davidagus.com/ ) is one of the world's leading doctors and pioneering biomedical researchers. Dr. Agus is the Founding Director and Co-CEO of the Ellison Institute ofTechnology  ( https://eit.org/ ) and a professor of medicine ( https://keck.usc.edu/faculty-search/david-b-agus/ ) and engineering ( https://viterbi.usc.edu/directory/faculty/Agus/David ) the University ofSouthern California.A medical oncologist, Dr. Agus leads a multidisciplinary team of researchersdedicated to the development and use of technologies to guide doctors in making health-care decisions tailored to individual needs. An international leader in global health and approaches for personalized healthcare, Dr. Agus serves in leadership roles at the World Economic Forum and is co-chair of the Global Health Security Consortium ( https://institute.global/tags/global-health-security-consortium ). He is also a CBS News contributor.Dr. Agus' three books The End of Illness, A Short Guide to a Long Life and The Lucky Years: How to Thrive in the Brave New World of Health are all New York Times and international bestsellers. His latest book, The Book of AnimalSecrets: Nature's Lessons for a Long and Happy Life, was released in December 2023. He is a 2017 recipient of the Ellis Island Medal of Honor.#DavidAgus #LawrenceEllison #LarryEllison #TonyBlair #ShinyaYamanaka #ArtificialIntelligence #Health #MedicalScience #FoodSecurity #SustainableAgriculture #ClimateChange #CleanEnergy #DrugDiscovery #MolecularAnalytics #Microenvironment #Cancer #Oncology  #ProgressPotentialAndPossibilities #IraPastor #Podcast #Podcaster #ViralPodcast #STEM #Innovation #Technology #Science #ResearchSupport the show

Guest Sergiu Pasca is a physician-scientist who turns skin cells into stem cells and then into brain tissues he calls “organoids” and “assembloids” in order to study psychiatric and neurological illness in a dish instead of in living human beings. With this knowledge, Pasca hopes to develop new treatments for conditions ranging from schizophrenia and autism spectrum disorders to chronic pain, he tells host Russ Altman in this episode of Stanford Engineering's The Future of Everything podcast.Episode Reference Links:Sergiu's Lab: Pasca LabSergiu's Stanford Profile: WebsiteCenter at Stanford Sergiu Leads: Stanford Brain OrganogenesisSergiu's recently published paper: Antisense Oligonucleotide Therapeutic Approach for Timothy SyndromePaper by Shinya Yamanaka Sergiu discusses: Induction of Pluripotent Stem Cells from Mouse Embryonic and Adult Fibroblast CulturesConnect With Us:Episode Transcripts >>> The Future of Everything WebsiteConnect with Russ >>> Threads or Twitter/XConnect with School of Engineering >>> Twitter/XChapters:(00:00:00) IntroductionRuss introduces guest, Sergiu Pasca, professor of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences at Stanford University.(00:02:43) The Science of Growing Brain Tissue from Skin CellsThe process of developing brain organoids from skin cells and the potential medical applications of these models.(00:03:59) Enhancing Neurological Research ToolsAdvancing the complexity of brain models to include various brain structures and their applications in modeling diseases.(00:07:20) Introduction of AssembloidsIntroduction to assembloids, detailing how combining different organoids can mimic complex brain structures(0015:58) Testing Therapeutics Using Humanized ModelsThe innovative approach of using humanized rat models to test neurological therapies and drugs.(00:21:03) Complex Circuit Modelling for Disease UnderstandingThe current capabilities of modeling complex brain circuits and their relevance in  understanding the neural pathways involved in diseases.(00:23:36) The Future of Pain Modelling and Drug TestingHow assembled brain cells can model pain perception and response, leading to potential new treatments for chronic pain and psychiatric disorders(00:27:46) Ethical Considerations and Public EngagementEthical concerns related to creating brain-like tissues and the importance of public engagement in scientific research.(00:32:01) Future Directions and Global CollaborationThe future of brain organogenesis research and the potential impacts on treating neurological and psychiatric conditions.(00:34:05) Conclusion Connect With Us:Episode Transcripts >>> The Future of Everything WebsiteConnect with Russ >>> Threads or Twitter/XConnect with School of Engineering >>> Twitter/X

Because of ethical and medical challenges, early human embryo development remains “a black box” to us, as Prof. Jacob Hanna himself puts it. Despite all the progress made in medicine over the past decades, there is still a whole lot to learn about the causes of miscarriages, infertility, or early developmental defects. In 2023, Jacob's group from the Weizmann Institute of Science published a pivotal paper in Nature that redefines how we study developmental biology, with the potential to accelerate our understanding of early human life. Their achievement? The creation of the first synthetic embryo model closely resembling a day-14 fetus, obtained “ex utero” without gametes and outside a womb. A human embryo model derived from “naive” stem cells in the lab, which can be obtained from “adult” cells that make up our body (like skin cells for instance). A technology that could generate embryo models of ourselves based on a simple cell sample. This work had an unprecedented impact on the scientific community and the general public, being named by TIME Magazine as one of the 100 best inventions of 2023. A breakthrough that raises important ethical, technical, and legal questions. I had the honor of meeting Jacob for this episode of Impulse, with whom we discuss the functioning of this fascinating technology, its potential medical applications in the future, and the key societal questions it raises. A conversation where we dive into the magic of human development, with a stellar scientist and advocate for responsible scientific research! Timeline: (00:02:58) - Jacob's journey from his medical practice to studying developmental biology (00:06:09) - Why we know so little about early human development (00:08:45) - Jacob's lab breakthrough in modeling human embryos (00:16:20) - Reprogramming cells to their “naïve” state (00:18:09) - Dealing with your research being put under the spotlight (00:20:02) - The “recipe” to create human embryo models without gametes and outside a womb (00:27:22) - Ethical considerations and how far we can go with this technology (00:35:15) - Potential medical applications for the future (00:38:05) - Jacob's role as an adviser to the startup Renewal Bio What we also talked about with Jacob: Prof. Shinya Yamanaka (2012 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine with Prof. John Gurdon) Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) Embryonic stem cells International Society for Stem Cell Research (ISSCR) Taledomide We cited with Jacob some of the past episodes of the series:: #23 - Disrupting the smart wearables industry - Leo Grünstein - Spiden As mentioned by Jacob during the episode, we recommend the book “The Master Builder” by Prof. Alfonso Martinez Arias, challenging the traditional thinking where cells (and not DNA) may hold the key to understanding life's past and present. Feel free to follow the Weizmann Institute of Science on LinkedIn. You can contact Jacob via email and follow his activities on LinkedIn, X, and Facebook! If you want to give me feedback on the episode or suggest potential guests, contact me over LinkedIn or via email! And if you liked the episode, please share it, subscribe to the podcast, and leave a 5-star review on streaming platforms!

Welcome to Living Well with MS, where we are pleased to welcome Dr Stefano Pluchino as our guest! Dr Pluchino is a Professor of Regenerative Neuroimmunology at Cambridge University and has been researching stem cell therapy for progressive MS. In this episode, Dr Pluchino speaks to Geoff about what advanced cell therapy is, the success of his phase one trial and what the future of DMTs looks like indicating what people with MS may experience. Watch this episode on YouTube here. Keep reading for the key episode takeaways. Topics and Timestamps: 01:31 Dr Pluchino's background and research into stem cell therapy for progressive MS. 02:52 The difference between types of MS. 05:09 Navigating DMT options for progressive MS. 08:40 Dr Pluchino's advanced cell therapy research trial: The success of phase one and plans for phase two. 21:05 How advanced cell therapy compares to HSCT or bone marrow transplants. 26:02 What it means for the future of DMTs. 33:39 How you can be part of groundbreaking MS research and trials. Selected Key Takeaways: There are nuances in types of MS beyond ‘relapsing' or ‘progressive'. 04:23 "It is becoming more complex between active and non-active types of primary and secondary progressive MS where activity is attributed to other episodes. Clinical episodes of disease or radiologically evident episodes of disease, which can be identified by the use of contrast agents at the time of the MRI. So, they are very complex very heterogenous types of disease, with or without activity, which inevitably undergo accumulation of neurological deficits.” The next generation of DMTs will target progression rather than relapses. 06:39 “What's becoming very interesting is that [over the last] few years, there is a general worldwide consensus that progressive MS is becoming and has become a clinical unmet need. The old MS world is concentrating on financing, funding and efforts towards stopping MS through the development of a new generation of DMDs which will eventually target progression rather than relapses.” The future of advanced cell therapy research will look at remyelination, reduction of inflammation and neuroprotection. 19:10 "There is space for assessing whether a proportion of the injected cells [can] differentiate in vivo into new myelin-forming cells. There is a space to assess whether some of the cells [can] increase the survival of neurons in the brain. There is space to assess whether the transplanted cells [can] reduce the type of inflammation which characterises progressive MS, which is what we call a smouldering inflammation. These highly diffuse homogeneous, low-level activations of microglia (immune cells of the central nervous system) and astrocytes (star-shaped cells that hold nerve cells in place) might be reduced by means of advanced cell therapy and the reason why I am specifically alluding to these three major biological mechanisms of disease, remyelination, reduction of inflammation and neuroprotection is because we have managed to identify each of these mechanisms in clinically relevant animal disease models in the last 25 years. So, there is [an] expectation that a clinical trial designed in a way that will allow us to establish the efficacy of the treatment will reveal what we have established already in one of these models.” Want to learn more about living a full and happy life with multiple sclerosis? Sign up to our newsletter to hear our latest tips. More info and links: Video on Early-stage stem cell therapy trial shows promise for treating progressive MS Dr Pluchino's website Dr Pluchino's bio If you have progressive MS you may be eligible for the Octopus trial Learn about HSCT from Professor Richard Burt in Season 5 Episode 25 Read about the Shinya Yamanaka  and John Gurdon'a Nobel Winning iPSC technology Find out more about the latest research in progressive MS from the International Progressive MS Alliance New to Overcoming MS? Visit our introductory page  Connect with others following Overcoming MS on the Live Well Hub Visit the Overcoming MS website Follow us on social media: Facebook Instagram YouTube Pinterest Don't miss out:  Subscribe to this podcast and never miss an episode. Listen to our archive of Living Well with MS episodes here. If you like Living Well with MS, please leave a 5-star review. Feel free to share your comments and suggestions for future guests and episode topics by emailing podcast@overcomingms.org. Make sure you sign up to our newsletter to hear our latest tips and news about living a full and happy life with MS. Support us:  If you enjoy this podcast and want to support the ongoing work of Overcoming MS, we would really appreciate it if you could leave a donation here. Every donation, however small, helps us to share the podcast with more people on how to live well with MS.

In this episode of Stories from the River, host Charlie Malouf welcomes guest Dr. Timothy Nelson ("Tim") for part one of their three-part series. Charlie and Tim talk about the inspiring journey of establishing HeartWorks, a non-profit organization aiming to revolutionize the treatment of and cure congenital heart disease (CHD). Dr. Timothy Nelson, the Founder and CEO of HeartWorks, details the collaborative network created with eleven pediatric hospitals to combat the rarity and complexity of CHD. This network operates on a groundbreaking hybrid model that mixes non-profit philanthropy with for-profit commercial ventures for financial sustainability.  With a focus on a "Team of Teams" approach encompassing basic researchers, manufacturing, clinical trials, and marketing teams, HeartWorks embraces internal tension as a catalyst for innovative solutions. Tim stresses the importance of keeping the true purpose — curing CHD and enriching the lives of affected children and adults — at the heart of the organization's mission and vision. The conversation further explores Tim's personal connection to the cause, rooted in his upbringing in Wisconsin, and a transformative experience following a successful heart surgery that led him to a career in stem cell research and cardiology.  After securing a National Institutes of Health (NIH) grant for this groundbreaking technology that converts a patient's skin cells into functioning heart tissue, Tim envisions broad applications, including treating patients with congenital heart defects.  This ultimately led to discussions with the Wanek family and the Mayo Clinic. Dr. Nelson also highlights the Wanek family's role as major benefactors of the hypoplastic left heart syndrome program at Mayo Clinic through the Todd and Karen Wanek Family Program for Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome. Tim discusses the purpose behind the creation of ReGen Theranostics, a for-profit company started in 2010 aimed at commercializing and manufacturing this game-changing technology.  With ReGen becoming the world's largest stem cell repository and laying the foundation for HeartWorks, Tim's story and the HeartWorks story is a testament to the power of vision, collaboration, and persistent dedication.   Tim shares his personal background including his early influence and mentorship from his grandfather Noble Kleven, the former sheriff of Trempeauleau County.  And he discusses the benefits of working closely with his best friend and older brother Matt Nelson, who serves as the President and oversees operations for HeartWorks and ReGen Theranostics.  Come back for the second part of this conversation on Tuesday! Additional Resources:  HeartWorks - www.webuildhearts.org   ReGen Theranostics, Inc. - https://regentheranostics.com   Shinya Yamanaka - https://www.ucsf.edu/news/2012/10/104393/shinya-yamanaka-wins-2012-nobel-prize-medicine     This episode on YouTube: https://youtu.be/vIJAImWjRRw  Visit https://www.storiesfromtheriver.com for more episodes.  

In this episode of Stories from the River, host Charlie Malouf welcomes guest Dr. Timothy Nelson ("Tim") for part one of their three-part series. Charlie and Tim talk about the inspiring journey of establishing HeartWorks, a non-profit organization aiming to revolutionize the treatment of and cure congenital heart disease (CHD). Dr. Timothy Nelson, the Founder and CEO of HeartWorks, details the collaborative network created with eleven pediatric hospitals to combat the rarity and complexity of CHD. This network operates on a groundbreaking hybrid model that mixes non-profit philanthropy with for-profit commercial ventures for financial sustainability.  With a focus on a "Team of Teams" approach encompassing basic researchers, manufacturing, clinical trials, and marketing teams, HeartWorks embraces internal tension as a catalyst for innovative solutions. Tim stresses the importance of keeping the true purpose — curing CHD and enriching the lives of affected children and adults — at the heart of the organization's mission and vision. The conversation further explores Tim's personal connection to the cause, rooted in his upbringing in Wisconsin, and a transformative experience following a successful heart surgery that led him to a career in stem cell research and cardiology.  After securing a National Institutes of Health (NIH) grant for this groundbreaking technology that converts a patient's skin cells into functioning heart tissue, Tim envisions broad applications, including treating patients with congenital heart defects.  This ultimately led to discussions with the Wanek family and the Mayo Clinic. Dr. Nelson also highlights the Wanek family's role as major benefactors of the hypoplastic left heart syndrome program at Mayo Clinic through the Todd and Karen Wanek Family Program for Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome. Tim discusses the purpose behind the creation of ReGen Theranostics, a for-profit company started in 2010 aimed at commercializing and manufacturing this game-changing technology.  With ReGen becoming the world's largest stem cell repository and laying the foundation for HeartWorks, Tim's story and the HeartWorks story is a testament to the power of vision, collaboration, and persistent dedication.   Tim shares his personal background including his early influence and mentorship from his grandfather Noble Kleven, the former sheriff of Trempeauleau County.  And he discusses the benefits of working closely with his best friend and older brother Matt Nelson, who serves as the President and oversees operations for HeartWorks and ReGen Theranostics.  Come back for the second part of this conversation on Tuesday! Additional Resources:  HeartWorks - www.webuildhearts.org   ReGen Theranostics, Inc. - https://regentheranostics.com   Shinya Yamanaka - https://www.ucsf.edu/news/2012/10/104393/shinya-yamanaka-wins-2012-nobel-prize-medicine     This episode on YouTube: https://youtu.be/vIJAImWjRRw  Visit https://www.storiesfromtheriver.com for more episodes.  

Por que nós envelhecemos? O que acontece dentro das nossas células com o avanço da idade e como reverter esse processo? Em suas pesquisas, o biólogo francês Jean-Marc Lemaitre, diretor do Instituto de Medicina Regenerativa de Montpellier, no sul da França, já provou que é possível rejuvenescer células e, no futuro, ajudar as pessoas a envelhecer melhor. Taíssa Stivanin, da RFIEm 2011, Jean-Marc Lemaitre conseguiu uma proeza: rejuvenescer células senescentes, ou seja, que deixaram de se replicar, de um homem de mais de cem anos. Elas voltaram a ser embrionárias e conservaram essas características após sofrerem novas divisões.“Imagine quantas portas essa nova descoberta abre? Nossa hipótese, no início, era que, quando nós envelhecemos, nossas células também envelhecem. Quando isso acontece, ou elas sofrem danos quando devem se reconstituir, ou não são mais capazes de se reconstituir”, explica.Muito antes dessa descoberta, Jean-Marc Lemaitre estudou, no início de sua carreira, a chamada replicação do genoma, que nada mais é do que a transmissão do material genético. Ela é fundamental para entender o envelhecimento e suas consequências para o organismo.O pesquisador partiu de uma hipótese surpreendente: será que era possível reverter esse processo? Existem dois tipos de células no corpo: as "envelhecidas", já defeituosas, mas que ainda conseguem se diferenciar, e as senescentes, que perderam essa capacidade e, basicamente, estão à beira da morte.O genoma é organizado nas nossas células durante o desenvolvimento embrionário. Os genes têm “interruptores” que vão agir na maneira como eles serão acionados ao longo da nossa vida. Esses genes, em função de inúmeros fatores, incluindo ambientais, vão se "expressar" e influenciar, ou não, funções de nosso metabolismo.Mas, com o tempo, esse mecanismo deixa de funcionar como deveria, por conta da alteração da fisiologia da célula causada pelo envelhecimento. Assim, com o avanço da idade, a célula não funciona mais da mesma maneira. Em suas pesquisas, a equipe de Jean-Marc Lemaitre buscou, então, reativar esses “interruptores”, essenciais para o funcionamento celular.Estágio embrionárioPara provar essa hipótese, o pesquisador francês partiu da descoberta do cientista japonês Shinya Yamanaka, feita em 2007. Ele provou que, ao inserir um “coquetel” de quatro genes no núcleo de uma célula de um adulto, era possível revertê-las em células-tronco. O estudo rendeu o prêmio Nobel de Medicina de 2012 ao pesquisador.A equipe de Jean-Marc Lemaitre foi além e descobriu que as células senescentes, ou seja, que não conseguem mais se dividir, também podiam voltar a ser embrionárias, graças à inclusão de dois outros genes identificados pela equipe.Em 2022, a equipe do cientista francês também conseguiu comprovar, em modelos animais, que era possível aumentar o tempo de vida.“Se destruímos as células senescentes, ganhamos 30% de longevidade em boas condições de saúde, sem doenças ligadas ao envelhecimento. Se reprogramamos novamente as células dos camundongos, acontece a mesma coisa”, explica.“Trabalhamos com essas duas possibilidades e a ideia agora é tentar fazer uma combinação. Devemos tratar esses dois tipos de células ao mesmo tempo se queremos que o tecido rejuvenesça totalmente e frear o envelhecimento”, afirma.Morrer em boa saúdeO objetivo é evitar doenças que acometem com frequência os mais velhos, como o diabetes, as patologias cardiovasculares e cânceres. “Não vamos criar seres eternos. Vamos apenas atrasar o envelhecimento o máximo possível, já que todas as vezes que interferimos nesse processo rejuvenescemos também nossos tecidos. Talvez, um dia, a gente possa morrer em boa saúde”.As próximas etapas agora envolvem os testes clínicos com humanos. Sua equipe vai testar a reprogramação celular nas células da pele. A expectativa é ter uma “prova de conceito” dentro de três anos para avaliar a eficácia do tratamento e organizar, em seguida, os testes com voluntários humanos.“Há uma profunda injustiça em relação ao envelhecimento. Não envelhecemos todos na mesma velocidade. Encontrar soluções para que todos nós possamos chegar à terceira idade com uma boa saúde e aproveitar o tempo que sobra, é um desafio importante”, conclui.

Joseph C. Wu, M.D., Ph.D., shares his pioneering research on cardiovascular disease mechanisms using patient-specific stem cells. Learn about accelerated drug discovery, "clinical trials in a dish," and precision medicine's impact on treatment. Explore genomics, stem cells, imaging, and more. Series: "Stem Cell Channel" [Health and Medicine] [Science] [Show ID: 38327]

Joseph C. Wu, M.D., Ph.D., shares his pioneering research on cardiovascular disease mechanisms using patient-specific stem cells. Learn about accelerated drug discovery, "clinical trials in a dish," and precision medicine's impact on treatment. Explore genomics, stem cells, imaging, and more. Series: "Stem Cell Channel" [Health and Medicine] [Science] [Show ID: 38327]

Joseph C. Wu, M.D., Ph.D., shares his pioneering research on cardiovascular disease mechanisms using patient-specific stem cells. Learn about accelerated drug discovery, "clinical trials in a dish," and precision medicine's impact on treatment. Explore genomics, stem cells, imaging, and more. Series: "Stem Cell Channel" [Health and Medicine] [Science] [Show ID: 38327]

Joseph C. Wu, M.D., Ph.D., shares his pioneering research on cardiovascular disease mechanisms using patient-specific stem cells. Learn about accelerated drug discovery, "clinical trials in a dish," and precision medicine's impact on treatment. Explore genomics, stem cells, imaging, and more. Series: "Stem Cell Channel" [Health and Medicine] [Science] [Show ID: 38327]

Joseph C. Wu, M.D., Ph.D., shares his pioneering research on cardiovascular disease mechanisms using patient-specific stem cells. Learn about accelerated drug discovery, "clinical trials in a dish," and precision medicine's impact on treatment. Explore genomics, stem cells, imaging, and more. Series: "Stem Cell Channel" [Health and Medicine] [Science] [Show ID: 38327]

Joseph C. Wu, M.D., Ph.D., shares his pioneering research on cardiovascular disease mechanisms using patient-specific stem cells. Learn about accelerated drug discovery, "clinical trials in a dish," and precision medicine's impact on treatment. Explore genomics, stem cells, imaging, and more. Series: "Stem Cell Channel" [Health and Medicine] [Science] [Show ID: 38327]

Joseph C. Wu, M.D., Ph.D., shares his pioneering research on cardiovascular disease mechanisms using patient-specific stem cells. Learn about accelerated drug discovery, "clinical trials in a dish," and precision medicine's impact on treatment. Explore genomics, stem cells, imaging, and more. Series: "Stem Cell Channel" [Health and Medicine] [Science] [Show ID: 38327]

Joseph C. Wu, M.D., Ph.D., shares his pioneering research on cardiovascular disease mechanisms using patient-specific stem cells. Learn about accelerated drug discovery, "clinical trials in a dish," and precision medicine's impact on treatment. Explore genomics, stem cells, imaging, and more. Series: "Stem Cell Channel" [Health and Medicine] [Science] [Show ID: 38327]

The double helix of DNA twists in the heart of every human cell, and it comes with some editing software known as epigenetics that power what parts turn on and off and when. Scientists are still still working to understand exactly how genetics and epigenetics work, but we are learning more every day.Nessa Carey is the former International Director at PraxisUnico and the author of several books on genetics. Her latest book is titled Hacking the Code of Life: How gene editing will rewrite our futures.Nessa and Greg discuss how genetics and epigenetics work and are related, with some concrete examples. Nessa discusses how genetics have been used to clone species and cells in laboratories and the differences between other animals and humans. Greg and Nessa talk about the uses and limitations of gene technology and the exciting possibilities of the gene editing technology CRISPR.*unSILOed Podcast is produced by University FM.*Episode Quotes:Not all scientists are the same01:00:39: We have to get better at recognizing that not all scientists are the same. Some are really good problem solvers, some are really good creative thinkers, and it's about finding the right ways to support those people to maximum effect. And we need both. We need the problem solvers as well as the genuinely, deeply creative people. And that is expensive, but on the other hand, you don't get the great breakthroughs. If we only had the problem solvers, all we would have now are better iron lungs for polio. We'd never have a vaccine. But sometimes you need those problem solvers to get other things done as well. So we need to be supporting all different types of research.On the complexity of biology17:27: The reality is biology is very, very complicated. All of those systems need to work. If any of them fall apart, the whole thing falls apart. But we're surprisingly tribal and surprisingly wedded to our own theories. I think in biology, we quite often don't realize we're constantly putting ourselves on Gartner's hype cycle, and everybody gets very invested in whichever bit they like and where it's in the cycle at the time.The beauty and cultural value of funding science01:01:52: It's a mistake to think we should fund science because, eventually, it'll fund us back. We should fund science because it's beautiful. We should fund it because it's a magnificent cultural activity that adds to the wealth of human gorgeousness in the same way that fine arts and great literature do. Stuff shouldn't just be funded because it has an economic imperative. Isn't it just beautiful to understand more about how the world works?Why is epigenetics a notable example of scientific paradigm shifts?14:49: Epigenetics has been a great example of how you get paradigm shifts in scientific fields. You get this situation where there's the prevailing theory, and it survives a lot of onslaughts. But then eventually, it crumbles, and the new theory emerges. So, it's been great both scientifically and in terms of the philosophy of science.Show Links:Recommended Resources:Waddington LandscapeThe Emperor of All Maladies: A Biography of CancerGartner Hype CycleJohn Gurdon and Shinya Yamanaka's WorkAnne Ferguson-SmithGuest Profile:Profile on The Royal SocietyNessa Carey's WebsiteNessa Carey on LinkedInNessa Carey on XHer Work:Hacking the Code of Life: How gene editing will rewrite our futuresThe Epigenetics Revolution: How Modern Biology Is Rewriting Our Understanding of Genetics, Disease, and InheritanceJunk DNA: A Journey Through the Dark Matter of the GenomeHuffington Post Articles

In 2006 when Dr. Shinya Yamanaka and Dr. Kazutoshi Takahashi at the Kyoto University in Japan, asked if they could create stem cells from ordinary skin cells. They discovered four genes when turned on in skin cells reverts it back to a stem cell-like state. Today we will the scientific exploration that lead to this discovery, why this is critical to human health and the ethical implications of creating stems cells in a laboratory. Check out our website for the sources we used, and additional information: https://notjustrna.wixsite.com/notjustrna Let us now if you have any questions about this episode, and if you're interested and want more details in topics we covered.

Videos: Brought to you by… Pfizer! FORMER PFIZER VP, DR. MIKE YEADON – EVERYTHING WE HAVE BEEN TOLD ABOUT COVID-19 WAS A LIE Fauci didn't want autopsies done on Covid victims. I wonder why? Dr. Peter McCullough SLAMS Pfizer board member over censorship and propaganda | Redacted News Study explores effects of dietary choline deficiency on neurologic and system-wide health Arizona State University, January 16, 2023 Choline, an essential nutrient produced in small amounts in the liver and found in foods including eggs, broccoli, beans, meat and poultry, is a vital ingredient for human health. A new study explores how a deficiency of dietary choline adversely affects the body and may be a missing piece in the puzzle of Alzheimer's disease. It's estimated that more than 90% of Americans are not meeting the recommended daily intake of choline. The current research, conducted in mice, suggests that dietary choline deficiency can have profound negative effects on the heart, liver and other organs. Lack of adequate choline is also linked with profound changes in the brain associated with Alzheimer's disease. These include pathologies implicated in the development of two classic hallmarks of the illness: amyloid plaques, which aggregate in the intercellular spaces between neurons; and tau tangles, which condense within the bodies of neurons. The new research, led by scientists at Arizona State University and published in Aging Cell, describes pathologies in normal mice deprived of dietary choline and in choline-deficient transgenic mice, the latter of which already exhibit symptoms associated with the disease. In both cases, dietary choline deficiency results in liver damage, enlargement of the heart and neurologic alterations in the AD mice, typically accompanying Alzheimer's disease and including increased levels of plaque-forming amyloid-beta protein and disease-linked alterations in tau protein. Further, the study illustrates that choline deficiency in mice causes significant weight gain, alterations in glucose metabolism (which are tied to conditions such as diabetes), and deficits in motor skills. In the case of humans, “it's a twofold problem,” according to Ramon Velazquez, senior author of the study and assistant professor with the ASU-Banner Neurodegenerative Disease Research Center. “First, people don't reach the adequate daily intake of choline established by the Institute of Medicine in 1998. And secondly, there is vast literature showing that the recommended daily intake amounts are not optimal for brain-related functions.” The research highlights a constellation of physical and neurological changes linked to choline deficiency. Sufficient choline in the diet reduces levels of the amino acid homocysteine, which has been recognized as a neurotoxin contributing to neurodegeneration, and is important for mediating functions such as learning and memory through the production of acetylcholine. The growing awareness of choline's importance should encourage all adults to ensure proper choline intake. This is particularly true for those on plant-based diets, which may be low in naturally occurring choline, given that many foods high in choline are eggs, meats, and poultry. Plant-based, choline-rich foods, including soybeans, Brussels sprouts and certain nuts can help boost choline in these cases. Moreover, inexpensive, over-the-counter choline supplements are encouraged to promote overall health and guard the brain from the effects of neurodegeneration. The new study examines mice at 3-12 months, or early to late adulthood (roughly equivalent to 20-60 years of age for humans). In the case of both normal and transgenic mice displaying symptoms of Alzheimer's, those exposed to a choline-deficient diet exhibited weight gain and adverse effects to their metabolism. Damage to the liver was observed through tissue analysis, as was enlargement of the heart. Elevated soluble, oligomeric and insoluble amyloid-beta protein were detected, as well as modifications to tau protein characteristic of those leading to neurofibrillary tangles in the brain. Further, choline-deficient mice performed poorly in a test of motor skills, when compared with mice receiving adequate choline in their diet. These adverse effects were heightened in the transgenic mice. Translating these findings to humans, this implies that people who are predisposed to Alzheimer's disease or in the throes of the illness should ensure they are getting enough choline.”Our work provides further support that dietary choline should be consumed on a daily basis given the need throughout the body,” Velazquez says. (NEXT) Melanoma: Vitamin D supplements linked to reduced skin cancer risk University of Eastern Finland & Kuopio University, January 15, 2023 A new study finds that the regular use of vitamin D is associated with lower rates of melanoma skin cancer. The cross-sectional study was a collaboration between the University of Eastern Finland and Kuopio University Hospital. The research involved 498 Finnish adults determined by dermatologists to be at high risk of skin cancer, such as melanoma, as well as squamous cell carcinoma and basal cell carcinoma. According to researchers, people who took vitamin D regularly were less likely to have had melanoma in the past or currently and were deemed by dermatologists to be less likely to develop melanoma in the future. Study participants ranged in age from 21 to 79 years old, including 253 males and 245 females. Participants were divided into three groups based on their intake of vitamin D supplements: non-use, occasional use, or regular use. The researchers were also interested in finding out whether regular use of vitamin D supplements corresponded to higher blood levels of vitamin D, known as serum calcidiol or 25-hydroxy-vitamin D3. This is the “storage form” of vitamin D in the body. Some research has linked low serum calcidiol with increased cancer risk, while other research has suggested otherwise. Nonetheless, it is a measure often used to determine a person's vitamin D levels. After testing serum calcidiol levels in 260 participants, researchers found that regular vitamin D supplementation corresponded with the highest levels of serum calcidiol and non-supplementation with the lowest levels. “Human skin itself expresses [the enzyme] CYP27A1 that produces calcidiol from vitamin D, and CYP27B1 that produces biologically very active calcitriol from calcidiol,” Dr. Harvima explained, noting that enzyme expression determines the level of vitamin D and its metabolites in the body. (NEXT) New research furthers case for exercise promoting youthfulness University of Arkansas, January 17, 2023 A recent paper published in the Journal of Physiology deepened the case for the youthfulness-promoting effects of exercise on aging organisms, building on previous work done with lab mice nearing the end of their natural lifespan that had access to a weighted exercise wheel. For this paper, the researchers compared aging mice that had access to a weighted exercise wheel with mice that had undergone epigenetic reprogramming via the expression of Yamanaka factors. The Yamanaka factors are four protein transcription factors (identified as Oct3/4, Sox2, Klf4 and c-Myc, often abbreviated to OKSM) that can revert highly specified cells (such as a skin cell) back to a stem cell, which is a younger and more adaptable state. The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine was awarded to Dr. Shinya Yamanaka for this discovery in 2012. In the correct dosages, inducing the Yamanaka factors throughout the body in rodents can ameliorate the hallmarks of aging by mimicking the adaptability that is common to more youthful cells. Of the four factors, Myc is induced by exercising skeletal muscle. Myc may serve as a naturally induced reprogramming stimulus in muscle, making it a useful point of comparison between cells that have been reprogrammed via over expression of the Yamanaka factors and cells that have been reprogrammed through exercise—”reprogramming” in the latter case reflecting how an environmental stimulus can alter the accessibility and expression of genes. Ultimately, the team determined that exercise promotes a molecular profile consistent with epigenetic partial programming. That is to say, exercise can mimic aspects of the molecular profile of muscles that have been exposed to Yamanaka factors (thus displaying molecular characteristics of more youthful cells). This beneficial effect of exercise may in part be attributed to the specific actions of Myc in muscle. Murach sees their research as further validation of exercise as a polypill. “Exercise is the most powerful drug we have,” he says, and should be considered a health-enhancing—and potentially life-extending—treatment along with medications and a healthy diet. (NEXT) Exploiting the synergy of nutraceuticals for cancer prevention and treatment Research suggests that free radicals (ROS) generated upon mixing two nutraceuticals—resveratrol and copper—can help ameliorate various diseases by inactivating cell-free chromatin particles Tata Memorial Centre (India), January 16, 2023 Chromatin comprises a complex mixture of DNA and proteins that forms the structural basis of chromosomes in the cellular nuclei. When cells die, they release cell-free chromatin particles or “cfChPs” into the circulatory system. In 1996, evidence for tumour-derived DNA circulating in the blood of cancer patients was first reported. This evidence caught the interest Dr. Indraneel Mittra, who is now Professor Emeritus and the Dr. Ernest Borges Chair in Translational Research at Tata Memorial Centre in Mumbai, India. His tryst with research on genetic material in cancer metastases began, and after 15 years of research he has presented various papers, developing a body of evidence that indicates the critical role of cfChPs in orchestrating development of not only cancer, but various other diseases. Emerging evidence indicates that cfChPs play an essential role in ageing, sepsis, cancer development, and chemotherapy-related toxicity. With respect to the latter, Prof. Mittra explains, “Chemo-toxicity is not primarily caused by chemotherapeutic drugs, but rather by cfChPs that are released from the first cells that die after chemotherapy. The released cfChPs set in motion a cascading effect, increasingly damaging the DNA of healthy host cells, and triggering inflammatory processes in a vicious cycle that perpetuates and prolongs the toxicity of chemotherapy.” Recently, a team from Tata Memorial Centre have demonstrated the therapeutic benefits of a pro-oxidant mixture of resveratrol and copper, R-Cu, in patients undergoing chemotherapy for advanced gastric cancer. Combining R with Cu (R-Cu) leads to the generation of free oxygen radicals which can inactivate the offending cfChPs. In this context, the research team launched a single-arm phase II clinical trial to study the synergistic effects of R-Cu administration on cfChPs inactivation in patients with advanced gastric cancer. The primary objective was to determine whether R-Cu, via cfChPs' inactivation, was successful in reducing the grade ≥ 3 toxicity seen with docetaxel-based chemotherapies. To this end, the researchers monitored the likely changes in the toxicities of chemotherapeutic treatments using a grading system that provides a framework for the assessment of unwanted physiological effects. The results were promising—although R-Cu did not reduce haematological toxicities, it significantly reduced the incidence of non-haematological toxicities comprising hand-foot syndrome, diarrhoea, and vomiting. Moreover, R-Cu reduced docetaxel exposure compared to the control arm without affecting efficacy in terms of overall survival. (NEXT) Deep meditation may alter gut microbes for better health Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (China), January 16, 2023 Regular deep meditation, practiced for several years, may help to regulate the gut microbiome and potentially lower the risks of physical and mental ill health, finds a small comparative study published in the open access journal General Psychiatry. The gut microbes found in a group of Tibetan Buddhist monks differed substantially from those of their secular neighbors, and have been linked to a lower risk of anxiety, depression, and cardiovascular disease. Research shows that the gut microbiome can affect mood and behavior through the gut–brain axis. This includes the body's immune response, hormonal signaling, stress response and the vagus nerve—the main component of the parasympathetic nervous system, which oversees an array of crucial bodily functions. The significance of the group and specimen design is that these deep-thinking Tibetan monks can serve as representatives of some deeper meditations. Although the number of samples is small, they are rare because of their geographical location. The researchers analyzed the stool and blood samples of 37 Tibetan Buddhist monks from three temples and 19 secular residents in the neighboring areas. None of the participants had used agents that can alter the volume and diversity of gut microbes: antibiotics; probiotics; prebiotics; or antifungal drugs in the preceding 3 months. Sample analysis revealed significant differences in the diversity and volume of microbes between the monks and their neighbors.”Collectively, several bacteria enriched in the meditation group [have been] associated with the alleviation of mental illness, suggesting that meditation can influence certain bacteria that may have a role in mental health,” write the researchers. These include Prevotella, Bacteroidetes, Megamonas and Faecalibacterium species, the previously published research suggests. Finally, blood sample analysis showed that levels of agents associated with a heightened risk of cardiovascular disease, including total cholesterol and apolipoprotein B, were significantly lower in the monks than in their secular neighbors by their functional analysis with the gut microbes. (NEXT) Curcumin/Boswellia shows promise in chronic kidney disease Baylor University, January 14, 2023. The Journal of Complementary and Integrative Medicine reports the finding of researchers at Baylor University of a reduction in a marker of inflammation among chronic kidney disease patients given a combination of Curcuma longa (curcumin) and Boswellia serrata. The study included sixteen individuals receiving standard care for chronic kidney disease who were not undergoing dialysis. Participants were randomized to receive capsules containing curcumin from turmeric extract plus Boswellia serrata, or a placebo for eight weeks. Blood samples collected before and after treatment were analyzed for plasma interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor alpha (markers of inflammation), and the endogenous antioxidant enzyme glutathione peroxidase, as well as serum C-reactive protein (CRP, another marker of inflammation.) Blood test results from the beginning of the study revealed increased inflammation and reduced glutathione peroxide levels. At the study's conclusion, participants who received curcumin and Boswellia serrata experienced a reduction in interleukin-6 in comparison with pretreatment values, indicating decreased inflammation, while IL-6 values rose among those who received a placebo. In their discussion of the findings, the authors remark that curcumin and Boswellia serrata have been separately shown to lower interleukin-6 via inhibition of the nuclear factor kappa beta and mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways.

Derrick J. Rossi, Ph.D., President and Chief Executive Officer of Convelo Therapeutics has a long history of pioneering methods to make stem cell–based treatments for disease a reality. He shares stories of science making its way from the lab and into biotech with the intention of improving the lives of patients. Series: "Stem Cell Channel" [Health and Medicine] [Science] [Show ID: 38404]

Derrick J. Rossi, Ph.D., President and Chief Executive Officer of Convelo Therapeutics has a long history of pioneering methods to make stem cell–based treatments for disease a reality. He shares stories of science making its way from the lab and into biotech with the intention of improving the lives of patients. Series: "Stem Cell Channel" [Health and Medicine] [Science] [Show ID: 38404]

Derrick J. Rossi, Ph.D., President and Chief Executive Officer of Convelo Therapeutics has a long history of pioneering methods to make stem cell–based treatments for disease a reality. He shares stories of science making its way from the lab and into biotech with the intention of improving the lives of patients. Series: "Stem Cell Channel" [Health and Medicine] [Science] [Show ID: 38404]

Derrick J. Rossi, Ph.D., President and Chief Executive Officer of Convelo Therapeutics has a long history of pioneering methods to make stem cell–based treatments for disease a reality. He shares stories of science making its way from the lab and into biotech with the intention of improving the lives of patients. Series: "Stem Cell Channel" [Health and Medicine] [Science] [Show ID: 38404]

Derrick J. Rossi, Ph.D., President and Chief Executive Officer of Convelo Therapeutics has a long history of pioneering methods to make stem cell–based treatments for disease a reality. He shares stories of science making its way from the lab and into biotech with the intention of improving the lives of patients. Series: "Stem Cell Channel" [Health and Medicine] [Science] [Show ID: 38404]

Derrick J. Rossi, Ph.D., President and Chief Executive Officer of Convelo Therapeutics has a long history of pioneering methods to make stem cell–based treatments for disease a reality. He shares stories of science making its way from the lab and into biotech with the intention of improving the lives of patients. Series: "Stem Cell Channel" [Health and Medicine] [Science] [Show ID: 38404]

Derrick J. Rossi, Ph.D., President and Chief Executive Officer of Convelo Therapeutics has a long history of pioneering methods to make stem cell–based treatments for disease a reality. He shares stories of science making its way from the lab and into biotech with the intention of improving the lives of patients. Series: "Stem Cell Channel" [Health and Medicine] [Science] [Show ID: 38404]

Derrick J. Rossi, Ph.D., President and Chief Executive Officer of Convelo Therapeutics has a long history of pioneering methods to make stem cell–based treatments for disease a reality. He shares stories of science making its way from the lab and into biotech with the intention of improving the lives of patients. Series: "Stem Cell Channel" [Health and Medicine] [Science] [Show ID: 38404]

Derrick J. Rossi, Ph.D., President and Chief Executive Officer of Convelo Therapeutics has a long history of pioneering methods to make stem cell–based treatments for disease a reality. He shares stories of science making its way from the lab and into biotech with the intention of improving the lives of patients. Series: "Stem Cell Channel" [Health and Medicine] [Science] [Show ID: 38404]

https://marklwhite.com Most people are not aware that we all experience a huge metabolic switch between the ages of 15-25 that shifts our bodies from growth and into aging. Although experts have not been able to identify the cause behind this switch, leaders in the field of regenerative medicine, like Dr. Ian White, are on a mission to discover it with the goal of ending aging forever. During this fascinating episode, Dr. White and I cover the topics below: - The science of aging and age-related disease - Why we age and why we don't have to - The Unified Theory of LIFE: Evolution, aging and the future of regenerative medicine - Editing genes to rid disease - Billionaires & Mars: What's going to happen to the rest of us? *About Our Guest* Dr. White is an expert in the field of regenerative medicine and stem cell biology with over 20 years experience working in academia and industry. Dr. White received his B.S. from Liverpool John Moores University and his M.S. from the famed Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine in England before being hired at Dartmouth College in the United States to study the genetics of gamete biology. In August of 2000 Dr. White was recruited to Harvard University to work with hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and immune cell biology under the mentorship of the world-renowned Dr. Laurie Glimcher, where he co-authored several peer-reviewed scientific publications. Dr. White went on to receive his Ph.D. from the Ansary Stem Cell Institute, division of Regenerative Medicine at Cornell University under the guidance of Howard Hughes investigator Dr. Shahin Rafii. During this time Dr. White developed an in vitro method for culture expanding autologous HSCs in an artificial vascular niche for the treatment of cancer patients who have undergone bone marrow ablation following chemo- or radio-therapy. This technology has since gone on to be commercialized by Cornell and the company, Angiocrine, LLC, has become one of the top two HSC expansion companies in the US. Following the completion of his Ph.D., Dr. White spent time as a post-doctoral research scientist in the embryonic stem cell (ESC) laboratory of Dr. Stephen Dalton, whose pioneering work led to the inclusion of c-myc as one of the four factors used by Nobel award-winning Dr. Shinya Yamanaka in the generation of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). Subsequently, Dr. White relocated to the Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute at the University of Miami Miller School of Medicine. Dr. White published ground-breaking research in the field of regenerative medicine alongside Dr. Joshua Hare, including a book chapter on the use of Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs) in cardiac regeneration. In 2015, Dr. White's work on the regeneration of the heart was featured on the cover of Circulation Research, one of the top peer-reviewed journals for cardiovascular medicine in the world. In 2016. Dr. White was honored with an award for the “Best Manuscript” by the American Heart Association for this work, which highlighted the role of peripheral nerves in cardiac regeneration. Dr. White has lectured and published extensively in the field of stem cell biology, clinical stem cell applications and regenerative medicine. *Connect With Guest* Website: https://neobiosis.com LinkedIn: www.linkedin.com/in/ian-white-phd

This week: Space X sends some rich dudes into space, scientists make old skin young again, why a crypto billionaire drives a Corolla, how Richard Dawkins helped a jihadi become an atheist, and Darwin's stolen notebooks are returned!SPACEXSpaceX has sent 4 rich businessmen to the ISS!And, when I say, rich, I don't mean your great uncle who has a boat and flies premium economy - I'm talking Scrooge McDuck rich.While it's not clear exactly how much they paid, Axiom Space, the private startup that's coordinating these flights, have previously said that tickets are about 55 MILLION US DOLLARS.The crew of four blasted off in the Crew Dragon Capsule on Saturday, and were welcomed onto the ISS the next day, where they will stay for eight days conducting science experiments, breaking bread with the professional astronauts already there, and enjoying the incredible views of our Earth.The crew is headed by a former NASA astronaut and current AXIOM employee, a real estate tycoon, a shipping CEO and former fighter-pilot slash businessman.This is no doubt just the start of a burgeoning space tourism industry, that maybe one day, our great, great, great grandkids will be able to enjoy once it becomes affordable for us plebs.YOUNG SKINHave you enjoyed enough beers and ciggies in the sun that your skin's looking like beef jerky?Don't worry about putting in the hard work to change your lifestyle - that's old fashioned. Just get your skin rejuvenated with delicious, nutritious stem cells!Scientists at the Babraham Institute in Cambridge recently collected skin cell samples from three human donors that had an average age of around 50, then exposed the cells to Yamanaka factors for just 13 days to partially anti-age the cells. They then removed the Yamanaka factors and left the cells to grow.⁠The team found that the epigenetic clock of the cells matched the profiles of skin cells that belonged to people who were 30 years younger!So, what are these magical Yamanaka factors? They're the four specialist molecules that reverse cell development, and were discovered in 2007 by Shinya Yamanaka at Kyoto University.Do you love genetics? Check out our two most popular books on genetics at the Think Inc. shop: ‘Hacking Darwin' by Jamie Metzl and ‘Lifespan' by David Sinclair. Both are available at the link in our bio.CRYPTO PHILANTHROPISTWhat would you do if you were a young billionaire? You'd treat yourself to some nice wheels, a fancy mansion, maybe start a YouTube channel showing off your lifestyle…Not 30-year-old Sam Bankman-Fried. His net worth is estimated at around $20 billion which he generated over just a few years as CEO of crypto exchange FTX, but he still drives a Corolla!Why? He says you very quickly run out of exciting ways to spend your money!But he's found a way to make use of his fat stacks- all thanks to our mate Peter Singer. Sam, like countless others, read Peter Singer's philosophy as a teenager and was forever changed by it.First he became passionate about reducing animal suffering, and then he got into effective altruism, which is all about reducing human suffering. Since then he's been giving at least half of his salary to effective causes, which is very inspiring.If you want to be inspired by Peter's work, grab a copy of one of his most influential books on effective altruism, ‘The Most Good You Can Do', from our shop.And if you're into philosophical ethics, check out our Think Inc. Academy course starting next month! More info at the link in our bio.ISIS TO ATHEISM From jihadi to atheist- this is the story of Musa Cerantonio.Musa, now going by his birth name of Robert, grew up in Melbourne to Italian parents. He had a pretty average upbringing, but went on to become one of Australia's most notorious jihadis, inspiring young people to join ISIS through his activism and preaching.In 2016, Robert was sent to Port Phillip prison where he's been ever since- until he's released next year.While some inmates become more radical or violent in jail- he's the opposite, and that's thanks to two special and surprising figures: Richard Dawkins and Alexander the Great.While in jail, Robert read ‘The God Delusion', and like many of us, it made him a full blown atheist. As for Alexander the Great- well, that story is a bit more complicated. You'll have to read about it in Graeme Wood's recent article in The Atlantic- it's absolutely fascinating.Once you've finished reading that- grab yourself a signed copy of Dawkins' ‘Science in the Soul' at our shop, and we'll send it off to you, even if you're in jail! We don't judge here.DARWINIAN EASTER MYSTERYIt's Good Friday tomorrow, but librarians had a fantastic Wednesday last month when they were finally returned two missing notebooks belonging to the late Charles Darwin.In 2000 some asshole stole Darwin's notebooks from the Special Collections vault at Cambridge University library. One of the books contained Darwin's famous “tree of life” sketch which shows his earliest theory on the origin of species.For many years the librarians thought the books had simply been misplaced. But in 2020 they completed an in-depth search, including fingertip examinations, which led them to believe the books had most likely been stolen.After pleading to the public for info, just last month the books were returned wrapped in a pink gift bag and with a plain brown envelope with the message:Librarian, Happy Easter, signed XIs this just one massive troll? Is it an angry Christian trolling an Atheist icon? We don't know, but we will be watching this Darwinian Easter Mystery very closely as the police continue their investigations.---That's all for this week. Hopefully we'll catch you at our Brian Greene tour which kicks off in June, or at one of our upcoming Think Inc. Academy courses that start back up next month!Find more information at the link in our bio. See you next time!Sign up to our newsletter → bit.ly/think-sign-up

Việc mắt nhìn kém đi, da nhăn nheo hơn, não bắt đầu rơi rụng thông tin và các cơ quan nội tạng hoạt động không còn hiệu quả là những hậu quả dễ quan sát của quá trình lão hóa. Khác với bệnh tật, khi mọi nguồn lực được đổ dồn để tìm ra phương pháp cứu chữa, chúng ta vẫn luôn coi lão hóa là một điều tất yếu của cuộc sống và không điều gì có thể thay đổi được. Điều này không còn đúng nữa và theo khoa học dần hé lộ, có thể trong tương lai gần sắp tới, chúng ta sẽ lần đầu tiên không chỉ làm chậm lại quá trình già đi, mà hoàn toàn có thể trẻ lại như xưa. Thú vị hơn nữa, chính bạn có thể kích hoạt các gen giúp kéo dài tuổi thọ ngay bây giờ mà không cần sử dụng đến các hợp chất hóa học tổng hợp. Sau khi nghiền ngẫm nhiều bài báo khoa học và nghiên cứu khác nhau, mình rất vui có thể chia sẻ đến cho các bạn phát hiện đột phá này. Một số từ tiếng Anh chuyên ngành được sử dụng trong podcast: ageing, Leonard Hayflick, David Sinclair, Robert M. Perlman, Shinya Yamanaka, Alzheimer's, retinoid, mutation theory of ageing, genome, epigenome, machine learning, algorithms, longevity genes, NMN, metformin, rapamycin, intermittent fasting, 16/8 method (Leangains protocol), Eat-Stop-Eat, 5:2 Diet, Human Growth Hormone. High Intensity Interval Training (HIIT), thermogenesis, hypothermia, N-nitroso. Contact với mình tại: YouTube | Facebook | Instagram | Website | Email Để đầu tư tốt hơn cho thiết bị và chi phí hosting, mình rất vui nếu bạn có thể ủng hộ/donate mình thông qua MoMo hoặc chuyển khoản ngân hàng: 222 6868 111 - NGUYEN DUY THANH - MB (NH Quân Đội). Cảm ơn các bạn rất nhiều!

Việc mắt nhìn kém đi, da nhăn nheo hơn, não bắt đầu rơi rụng thông tin và các cơ quan nội tạng hoạt động không còn hiệu quả là những hậu quả dễ quan sát của quá trình lão hóa. Khác với bệnh tật, khi mọi nguồn lực được đổ dồn để tìm ra phương pháp cứu chữa, chúng ta vẫn luôn coi lão hóa là một điều tất yếu của cuộc sống và không điều gì có thể thay đổi được. Điều này không còn đúng nữa và theo khoa học dần hé lộ, có thể trong tương lai gần sắp tới, chúng ta sẽ lần đầu tiên không chỉ làm chậm lại quá trình già đi, mà hoàn toàn có thể trẻ lại như xưa. Thú vị hơn nữa, chính bạn có thể kích hoạt các gen giúp kéo dài tuổi thọ ngay bây giờ mà không cần sử dụng đến các hợp chất hóa học tổng hợp. Sau khi nghiền ngẫm nhiều bài báo khoa học và nghiên cứu khác nhau, mình rất vui có thể chia sẻ đến cho các bạn phát hiện đột phá này. Một số từ tiếng Anh chuyên ngành được sử dụng trong podcast: ageing, Leonard Hayflick, David Sinclair, Robert M. Perlman, Shinya Yamanaka, Alzheimer's, retinoid, mutation theory of ageing, genome, epigenome, machine learning, algorithms, longevity genes, NMN, metformin, rapamycin, intermittent fasting, 16/8 method (Leangains protocol), Eat-Stop-Eat, 5:2 Diet, Human Growth Hormone. High Intensity Interval Training (HIIT), thermogenesis, hypothermia, N-nitroso. Contact với mình tại: YouTube | Facebook | Instagram | Website | Email Để đầu tư tốt hơn cho thiết bị và chi phí hosting, mình rất vui nếu bạn có thể ủng hộ/donate mình thông qua MoMo hoặc chuyển khoản ngân hàng: 222 6868 111 - NGUYEN DUY THANH - MB (NH Quân Đội). Cảm ơn các bạn rất nhiều!

Investigadores americanos conseguiram reverter o envelhecimento em ratos de laboratório usando uma técnica inspirada no Nobel da Medicina de 2012 - Shinya Yamanaka. Ainda não há testes em humanos.

So much to talk about this week! All the relevant stories are linked in the description below! Non-COVID-19 Stories: CAN DOCTORS PRACTICE WITH MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES? VIRAL PHOTO REVEALS A CONTENTIOUS DEBATE In a 2016 study, researchers found that in places where that question was asked as part of the licensing process, physicians were also least likely to seek treatment for their mental health. Some 40 percent of doctors said they would avoid getting mental-health care due to potential “repercussions,” the study authors write. Billionaire Mark Cuban Opens Online Pharmacy To Provide Affordable Generic Drugs The online pharmacy's prices for generics factor in a 15% margin on top of actual manufacturer prices and a $3 pharmacist fee, the statement said. The markup on generics average “at least” 100%, the MCCPDC said, while the Wall Street Journal reports in some cases it exceeds 1,000%. $3 billion, Hal Barron and other biotech veterans launch a disease ‘reversal' company "A who's who of top researchers will also be associated with the company...including Nobel laureates Frances Arnold, Jennifer Doudna, and Shinya Yamanaka." For doctors drowning in emails, one health system's new strategy: pay for replies Since November, doctors, nurse practitioners, physician assistants, and a handful of other UCSF clinicians have been able to bill payers for patient emails that require medical evaluation or more than a few minutes to respond, said Byron, also UCSF's associate chief medical information officer. UCSF recently expanded the system to all specialties after piloting it for dermatologists. The Top Use Cases for VR in Healthcare 2022 COVID-19 Stories: Literally EVERYTHING You Need to Know about Omicron Via Dr. Toppol. The kids are not alright: Data suggests 10% of children with COVID-19 become "long-haulers" Estimates vary, but research that has been done on earlier variants — prior to the arrival of Omicron — suggests between 10 and 30 per cent of people who get COVID-19 may have symptoms that persist beyond four weeks. If that holds true with the Omicron variant, Australia could see hundreds of thousands of people experiencing persistent symptoms and long COVID. Biden plan to ship 500 million coronavirus test kits transforms Postal Service into relief agency

News: NASA Solar Sail Spacecraft to Chase Tiny Asteroid After Artemis I Launch | SciTechDaily (01:25) Launching with the Artemis I uncrewed test flight, NASA's shoebox-size Near-Earth Asteroid Scout will chase down what will become the smallest asteroid ever to be visited by a spacecraft. The asteroid being targeted is, 2020 GEnear-Earth asteroid (NEA) that is less than 60 feet (18 meters) in size Asteroids smaller than 330 feet (100 meters) across have never been explored up close before. The spacecraft will use its science camera to get a closer look, measuring the object's size, shape, rotation, and surface properties. It will ride as one of 10 secondary payloads aboard the powerful Space Launch System (SLS) rocket, which will launch no earlier than March 2022. After it is dispensed in space it will use stainless steel alloy booms to unfurl a solar sail that will expand from a small package to a sail about the size of a racquetball court, or 925 square feet (86 square meters).Will generate thrust by reflecting solar photons – quantum particles of light radiating from the Sun Sunlight acts as a constant force, so a tiny spacecraft equipped with a large solar sail can eventually travel many miles per second. Maneuver by tipping and tilting its sail to change the angle of sunlight The mission will act as a nimble scout for future human and robotic missions that may utilize asteroid resources – and will gain important planetary defense insights about this class of NEA. Julie Castillo-Rogez, the mission's principal science investigator, provides insight as to why looking at even small asteroids are important:“Although large asteroids are of most concern from a planetary defense perspective, objects like 2020 GE are far more common and can pose a hazard to our planet, despite their smaller size.”   Altos bursts out of stealth with $3B, a dream team C-suite and a wildly ambitious plan to reverse disease | FierceBiotech (08:11) Early details of Altos leaked out last year when MIT Technology Review reported Jeff Bezos had invested to support development of technology that could “revitalize entire animal bodies, ultimately prolonging human life.” The official reveal fleshes out the vision in more detail Hal Barron, M.D, the future CEO of Altos, provided a statement on the company:“It's clear from work by Shinya Yamanaka, and many others since his initial discoveries, that cells have the ability to rejuvenate, resetting their epigenetic clocks and erasing damage from a myriad of stressors. These insights, combined with major advances in a number of transformative technologies, inspired Altos to reimagine medical treatments where reversing disease for patients of any age is possible.” Yamanaka is a 2012 Nobel Prize winner for the discovery of the ‘Yamanaka factors' — four transcription factors (Oct3/4, Sox2, c-Myc and Klf4) that can reprogram cells to roll back cellular aging and repair tissues.  Altos is bringing in the biggest names in life sciences to staff out their C level positions at the company. The team will use $3 billion in capital committed by investors to turn breakthroughs in our understanding of cellular rejuvenation into transformational medicines.  Co-founder, Rick Klausner, M.D., stated in a press release:"Remarkable work over the last few years beginning to quantify cellular health and the mechanisms behind that, coupled with the ability to effectively and safely reprogram cells and tissues via rejuvenation pathways, opens this new vista into the medicine of the future. Altos begins with many of the leading scientists who are creating this new science. Together, we are building a company where many of the world's best scientists can collaborate internally and externally and develop their research with the speed, mission, and focus of private enterprise. Our success will depend upon a culture of intense collaboration, enthusiasm, and openness." David Baltimore, PhD, a board member provided a positive goal Altos is shooting for:“The goal of Altos will be to reverse the ravages of disease and aging that lead to disability and death, reinvigorating and extending the quality of life. Altos will provide an unparalleled environment for collaborative discovery and has already attracted a most impressive group of investigators to the daunting task of reversing ill health and taking medicine in a new direction.”   Patient-specific spinal model may predict the effect of disc implants | New Atlas (16:28) As people get older, the intervertebral discs in their spine tend to deteriorate, some of which end up being surgically replaced with implants. Who doesn't know someone that has a bad back? A new patient-specific spinal model by scientists at Florida Atlantic University, could help determine how successful such surgery will be. Process:Obtain a CT scan of a patient's spine Create a 3D computer model from the scan Produce a 3D-printed model of one section of the spine with a cervical disc implant already in place Utilize a robotic arm to flex and extend the spinal replica, simulating five different real-life spinal postures Sensors then monitored the manner in which the added implant was causing stress to be distributed throughout the spine. The setup was found to be 100 percent accurate at replicating the effects that the postures would have on the real spine, with the addition of the implanted disc. Once developed further, the technology could be used to determine what sort of implant and/or surgical technique would work best, before the surgery is performed. Additionally, simulations could provide information as to what movements are best while recovering from the surgery.   Intel Is Investing $20 Billion Towards a Massive New Semiconductor Plant | Interesting Engineering (21:10) According to a Reuters report, Intel is set to invest $20 billion into a massive new semiconductor chip manufacturing site near Columbus, Ohio. All coincides with a recent analysis informing that China is "three or four generations" away from being at the cutting edge of semiconductor production. Chipmakers worldwide are frantically trying to boost output amid the global chip shortage brought on by massive demand and supply chain disruption fueled by the pandemic. Intel's new investment will go towards building two new semiconductor manufacturing plants, bringing 3,000 new permanent jobs to the 1,000-acre site in Albany, OhioThe first step in building an eight-factory complex that could cost additional tens of billions of dollars. Intel also recently announced plans for another U.S. campus site that would begin construction before the end of the year.The new site, according to reports, could cost $100 billion and eventually employ 10,000 people.   Elon Musk's brain chip firm Neuralink lines up clinical trials in humans | The Guardian (27:10) The billionaire entrepreneur Elon Musk's brain chip startup is preparing to launch clinical trials in humans. This is stemming from a job post for Neuralink for a “Clinical Trial Director.” What is mentioned in this post?“As the clinical trial director, you'll work closely with some of the most innovative doctors and top engineers, as well as working with Neuralink's first clinical trial participants …. You will lead and help build the team responsible for enabling Neuralink's clinical research activities and developing the regulatory interactions that come with a fast-paced and ever-evolving environment.” Just last month, Elon Musk, mentioned his optimism in allowing quadriplegics to move again:“We hope to have this in our first humans, which will be people that have severe spinal cord injuries like tetraplegics, quadriplegics, next year, pending FDA approval … I think we have a chance with Neuralink to restore full-body functionality to someone who has a spinal cord injury. Neuralink's working well in monkeys, and we're actually doing just a lot of testing and just confirming that it's very safe and reliable and the Neuralink device can be removed safely.” The company is also recruiting for a “clinical trial coordinator” to help build a team of people to run the trial and liaise with regulators.  These applicants, according to the posting, have an “opportunity to change the world and work with some of the smartest and the most talented experts from different fields”.  

Pesquisas realizadas pelos cientistas John Gurton e Shinya Yamanaka. Vencedores do Prêmio Nobel de Medicina em 2016

Despite the remarkable research supporting regenerative medicine like Stem Cells and Exosomes, the FDA has decided to ban the use of these treatments in the US. Many argue that it is because big pharma is looking for a way to monopolies the treatment or effectively end the possibility of it because they have the ability to cure people, instead of keeping them dependent on pills forever, which results in loss revenue for big pharma companies. Besides the obstacles created by the business side of the medical realm, there is a ton of misinformation surrounding the ethics of treatments like Stem Cells. For example, those that are not in the know are under the impression that stem cells are recruited from babies or fetuses that result in pregnancy complications. This couldn't be further from the truth. To get to the bottom of it, I invited Founder, President & Chief Scientific Officer of Neobiosis, Dr. Ian White, onto the show. Enjoy! About Our Guest: Dr. White. is an expert in the field of regenerative medicine and stem cell biology with over 20 years’ experience working in academia and industry. Dr. White received his B.S. from Liverpool John Moores University and his M.S. from the famed Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine in England prior to being hired at Dartmouth College in the United States to study the genetics of gamete biology. In August of 2000 Dr. White was recruited to Harvard University to work with hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and immune cell biology under the mentorship of the world-renowned Dr. Laurie Glimcher, where he co-authored several peer-reviewed scientific publications. Dr. White went on to receive his Ph.D. from the Ansary Stem Cell Institute, division of Regenerative Medicine at Cornell University under the guidance of Howard Hughes investigator Dr. Shahin Rafii. During this time Dr. White developed an in vitro method for culture expanding autologous HSCs in an artificial vascular niche for the treatment of cancer patients who have undergone bone marrow ablation following chemo- or radio-therapy. This technology has since gone on to be commercialized by Cornell and the company, Angiocrine, LLC, has become one of the top two HSC expansion companies in the US. Following the completion of his Ph.D., Dr. White spent time as a post-doctoral research scientist in the embryonic stem cell (ESC) laboratory of Dr. Stephen Dalton, whose pioneering work led to the inclusion of c-myc as one of the four factors used by Nobel award winning Dr. Shinya Yamanaka in the generation of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). Subsequently, Dr. White relocated to the Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute at the University of Miami Miller School of Medicine. Dr. White published ground-breaking research in the field of regenerative medicine alongside Dr. Joshua Hare, including a book chapter on the use of Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs) in cardiac regeneration. In 2015, Dr. White’s work on the regeneration of the heart was featured on the cover of Circulation Research, one of the top peer-reviewed journals for cardiovascular medicine in the world. In 2016. Dr. White was honored with an award for the “Best Manuscript” by the American Heart Association for this work, which highlighted the role of peripheral nerves in cardiac regeneration. Dr. White has lectured and published extensively in the field of stem cell biology, clinical stem cell applications and regenerative medicine. To connect with Dr. Ian White, visit: https://neobiosis.com

Dr. Ted Achacoso is the Global Founding Pioneer of Health Optimization Medicine and Practice (HOMe/HOPe) which detects and corrects imbalances at the level of the metabolome leveraging multi-omics, epigenetics, bioenergetics, gut immune systems, chronobiology, exposomics and evolutionary medicine. He’s also the Founder of BioBalance Institute in Manilla providing proof of concept that Health Optimization Medicine & Practice is an Economically Superior Clinical Practice. He’s Double Board Certified in Nutritional & Anti-Aging Medicine with focus on AI, Medical Informatics and Mathematics of Consciousness, and wrote the first-ever Connectome of C. Elegans into a book. https://homehope.org https://biobalanceinstitute.com https://troscriptions.com SHOW NOTES

Ending Aging: Living Beyond 130 Years - Yuri Deigin   In this episode, Yuri discusses new scientific breakthroughs in Aging. Can Stem cells and Yamanaka factors be the key to stopping aging? Can we use Crisper technology to reverse the age of the cell and much more!    "Shinya Yamanaka has shown that an adult cell can be 'reprogrammed' back to embryonic state by OSKM transcription factors. Later research has shown that cells also undergo considerable rejuvenation in the process of reprogramming."   Guest Yuri Deigin, MBA   http://youthereum.io       Yuri is a serial entrepreneur, an expert in drug development and venture investments in biotechnology and pharmaceuticals. Yuri brings almost a decade of drug discovery and development experience from his previous role in a biotech startup where he oversaw research and development of original medicines aimed at treating diseases like Alzheimer's and rheumatoid arthritis. Yuri has a track record of not only raising over $20 million for his previous ventures but also initiating and overseeing 4 clinical trials and several pre-clinical studies, including studies in transgenic mice. He also has experience in pharmaceutical product launch, promotion, manufacturing and supply chain management. Since 2013 Yuri also serves as a vice-president of the non-profit Foundation "Science for Life Extension" whose goal is the popularization of the fight against age-related diseases. To further this cause, Yuri frequently blogs, speaks, writes op-ed pieces, and participates in various TV and radio shows. Yuri holds a B.Sc. from the University of Toronto and an M.B.A. from Columbia Business School.

Nietzsche’s classic line was “what doesn’t kill me makes me stronger.” It’s a nice sentiment, but is it true? Don’t people who were born with advantages do better in life? Isn’t it better not to suffer setbacks? Why would someone want to experience disadvantages or difficulties?Those questions were answered in a recent paper published by Cornell University. Researchers looked at RO1 grant application for the National Institutes of Health, focusing on individuals who just missed receiving funding (“near-misses”) and individuals who just succeeded in getting funded (“near-winners”). Comparing the two groups over the ten years following first submission, results found that near-misses produced work that garnered substantially higher impacts than their near-win counterparts. Researchers concluded,“For those who persevere, early failure should not be taken as a negative signal—but rather the opposite, in line with Shinya Yamanaka’s advice to young scientists, after winning the Nobel prize for the discovery of iPS cells, ‘I can see any failure as a chance.’”It’s beautiful proof that getting what we want isn’t always what we need. Coming up short, getting stuck, getting passed over—this can be fuel. That’s what Marcus Aurelius was saying when he talked about the impediment to action being an advancement to action, how the obstacle can be the way.There’s another study that shows that college basketball teams down a point or two at half-time were actually more likely to win than the team with the lead. Again, because it made them hungry. The struggles gave them something to prove.In any endeavor—creative, business, or grant proposals—we rarely achieve the result we hope for on our first go. Many great artists, entrepreneurs, and scientists have all admitted some version of Einstein’s, “It’s not that I’m so smart, it’s just that I stay with problems longer.” We must adopt and keep that mindset. We cannot let one obstacle, one “near-miss” turn us off the path. Keep at it. Persist. Resistance is futile.

Premio Nobel 2012 per la medicina, ai tempi del liceo il suo docente di scienze definiva "ridicola" la sua ambizione di diventare uno scienziato. Abbiamo incontrato John Gurdon

Hosts: Ed Brown, Penny Dumsday, Dr. Mick Vagg. Topics covered: 2012 Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine:  Sir John B. Gurdon and Shinya Yamanaka "for the discovery that mature cells can be reprogrammed to become pluripotent". 2012 Nobel Prize for Physics: Serge Haroche and David J. Wineland "for ground-breaking experimental methods that enable measuring and manipulation of individual quantum systems". 2012 Nobel Prize for Chemistry: Robert J. Lefkowitz and Brian K. Kobilka "for studies of G-protein-coupled receptors". Chemistry vs Biology controversy. New painkillers could come from the super-toxic venome of the black mamba snake. Mosquitoes have adapted a way to get around mosquito nets.

-NOBEL: ASSEGNATO IL PREMIO PER LA MEDICINA 2012 Sono il britannico John B. Gurdon e il giapponese Shinya Yamanaka i vincitori del Premio Nobel 2012 per la Fisiologia e la Medicina, appena annunciati a Stoccolma. Sono stati premiati per la scoperta delle cellule che possono essere riprogrammate diventando pluripotenti. In pratica sono riusciti a mandare indietro nel tempo l'orologio della vita, trasformando delle cellule adulte in embrionali e regalando loro uno stato di simil-staminali. Una scoperta definita dagli altri scienziati 'rivoluzionaria, e destinata a cambiare totalmente l'approccio alle malattie croniche'. -ARRIVA PRIMA APP SU FARMACOVIGILANZA PER MEDICI FAMIGLIA = Arriva la prima applicazione per iPhone e iPad dedicata alla farmacovigilanza. La nuova App, pensata per i medici di famiglia che la possono scaricare gratuitamente, e' frutto della collaborazione tra Fimmg e Aifa, e ha l'obiettivo di fornire un supporto semplice, efficiente e soprattutto digitale per generare e inviare i moduli relativi alle segnalazioni delle reazioni avverse ai farmaci e per consultare la lista di trasparenza e rimborsabilita' dei farmaci. -DENTISTI ANDI, IN CALO TURISMO ODONTIATRICO, RISCHI SUPERANO VANTAGGI Sta scemando l'interesse degli italiani per le cure dentistiche all'estero, che anzi cominciano a essere viste con diffidenza. Secondo un sondaggio condotto dall'istituto di ricerca Ispo per conto dell'Associazione dentisti italiani (Andi), solo il 4% dei connazionali e' andato dal dentista oltreconfine e tra questi la meta' di loro non lo rifarebbe, mentre l'81% non e' disposto a farlo e solo il 15%, pur non avendolo mai fatto, lo prenderebbe in considerazione. -UNA DONNA OGNI 2 MINUTI MUORE DI PARTO NEL MONDO, AL VIA CONGRESSO FIGO Ogni due minuti nel mondo una donna perde la vita per complicanze durante la gravidanza o il parto. A evidenziare il dato Flavia Bustreo, Assistant Director-General Family, Women and Children's Health dell'Organizzazione mondiale della sanita', in occasione dellafiim presentazione del XX Congresso della International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (Figo), a Roma fino al 12 ottobre.

The 2012 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine was awarded jointly to John B. Gurdon and Shinya Yamanaka for the discovery that mature cells can be reprogrammed to become pluripotent