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What Books are Healthiest for Your Tween or Teen an Interview with Betsy Farquhar and Hayley Morell (Episode 293)   *Disclaimer: Some of this content is not intended for young audiences. Please use discretion.   Proverbs 4:7 NIV “The beginning of wisdom is this: Get wisdom. Though it cost all you have, get understanding.”   *Transcription Below*   Betsy Farquhar holds Masters degrees in Children's Literature and Information and Library Science. She taught middle and high school English, homeschooled her three children, and has served on many book award committees.   Hayley Morell loves reading, writing, trying new recipes, knitting, or chatting with her parrot. Hayley loves traveling and lived abroad in Europe and Asia. She and her husband and infant live in Wisconsin in an old house overflowing with books and are active in their local community.   Their Website, Book, and Social Media Handles: Instagram @redeemed_reader and Facebook: @redeemedreader   Thank you to our sponsor: Sam Leman Eureka   Questions and Topics We Cover: What are some benefits of reading and why is it worthwhile to devote our time to curating a healthy diet of books? Can you elaborate on why the Young Adult or YA category is the most controversial? What is on your radar for genres or books that will require even more discernment in the future?   Other Savvy Sauce Episode Mentioned: 21. Promoting a Family Culture of Reading with Megan Kaeb 22. Inspiring Your Children to Become Readers, Part Two with Megan Kaeb 253. Low Tech Parenting with Erin Loechner 273. Wise Living: Why to Get Outside, and Travel, and Read Aloud with Amber O'Neal Johnston   Connect with The Savvy Sauce on Facebook or Instagram or Our Website   Gospel Scripture: (all NIV) Romans 3:23 “for all have sinned and fall short of the glory of God,”   Romans 3:24 “and are justified freely by his grace through the redemption that came by Christ Jesus.”   Romans 3:25 (a) “God presented him as a sacrifice of atonement, through faith in his blood.”    Hebrews 9:22 (b) “without the shedding of blood there is no forgiveness.”    Romans 5:8 “But God demonstrates his own love for us in this: While we were still sinners, Christ died for us.”    Romans 5:11 “Not only is this so, but we also rejoice in God through our Lord Jesus Christ, through whom we have now received reconciliation.”    John 3:16 “For God so loved the world that he gave his one and only Son, that whoever believes in him shall not perish but have eternal life.”   Romans 10:9 “That if you confess with your mouth, “Jesus is Lord,” and believe in your heart that God raised him from the dead, you will be saved.”    Luke 15:10 says “In the same way, I tell you, there is rejoicing in the presence of the angels of God over one sinner who repents.”   Romans 8:1 “Therefore, there is now no condemnation for those who are in Christ Jesus”   Ephesians 1:13–14 “And you also were included in Christ when you heard the word of truth, the gospel of your salvation. Having believed, you were marked in him with a seal, the promised Holy Spirit, who is a deposit guaranteeing our inheritance until the redemption of those who are God's possession- to the praise of his glory.”   Ephesians 1:15–23 “For this reason, ever since I heard about your faith in the Lord Jesus and your love for all the saints, I have not stopped giving thanks for you, remembering you in my prayers. I keep asking that the God of our Lord Jesus Christ, the glorious Father, may give you the spirit of wisdom and revelation, so that you may know him better. I pray also that the eyes of your heart may be enlightened in order that you may know the hope to which he has called you, the riches of his glorious inheritance in the saints, and his incomparably great power for us who believe. That power is like the working of his mighty strength, which he exerted in Christ when he raised him from the dead and seated him at his right hand in the heavenly realms, far above all rule and authority, power and dominion, and every title that can be given, not only in the present age but also in the one to come. And God placed all things under his feet and appointed him to be head over everything for the church, which is his body, the fullness of him who fills everything in every way.”   Ephesians 2:8–10 “For it is by grace you have been saved, through faith – and this not from yourselves, it is the gift of God – not by works, so that no one can boast. For we are God‘s workmanship, created in Christ Jesus to do good works, which God prepared in advance for us to do.“   Ephesians 2:13 “But now in Christ Jesus you who once were far away have been brought near through the blood of Christ.“   Philippians 1:6 “being confident of this, that he who began a good work in you will carry it on to completion until the day of Christ Jesus.”   *Transcription*‍   Music: (0:00 – 0:11)   Laura Dugger: (0:12 - 1:46) Welcome to The Savvy Sauce, where we have practical chats for intentional living. I'm your host, Laura Dugger, and I'm so glad you're here.   The principles of honesty and integrity that Sam Leman founded his business on continue today over 55 years later at Sam Leman Chevrolet Eureka.   Owned and operated by the Bertschi family, Sam Leman and Eureka appreciates the support they've received from their customers all over Central Illinois and beyond. Visit them today at lemangm.com.   My guests for today are Betsy Farquhar and Haley Morrill, two of the four authors of this book, The Redeemed Reader, which is also the name of the website that they run together where they have thousands of book reviews for children and tweens and teens.   We all know that books are so powerful, so it's vitally important that we're discerning both for what we're intaking and the filters that we use to allow our children to engage with books in our home. We're going to sprinkle book recommendations throughout this episode, and you're also going to learn some surprising things, such as more details about the YA or young adult category. Here's our chat. Welcome to The Savvy Sauce, Betsy and Haley.   Betsy Farquhar: (1:48 - 1:49) Thanks. It's good to be here.   Laura Dugger: (1:50 - 1:57) I would love to just start out hearing the way that the two of you found your way into the work that you get to do today.   Betsy Farquhar: (1:58 - 2:42) Mine started way back in the 1900s when I was in college. I did my senior thesis on children's literature, George MacDonald, and that led to a children's literature class my last semester, which led me to grad school with one of my now co-workers, but at the time fellow students and friends, and we got our master's in children's literature. And then rabbit trail, lots of detours, children, marriage. She and I started a blog back when those were cool and hip, and it was reviewing children's books and that was just for fun. And then we connected with Janie and Emily from Redeemed Reader. Through that blog venue, we were commenting on each other's blogs, and they brought us on board. And so here we are 15 years later.   Hayley Morell: (2:43 - 3:38) And for me, I was a high schooler. I was homeschooled. I loved reading.   So, I started my own blog back in the teenage years and I was always looking for book recommendations and came upon Redeemed Reader in the early days. I turned out they were looking for an intern. I started interning and at the end of my internship, Emily Witten, who was our founder, asked if I'd like to stay on.   And that was 14 or 15 years ago now. So, I was younger. And so, I had a period at college.   I studied at Boyce College. I worked in children's ministry and worked as a private tutor. So, a lot of interactions with children.   I was known as the babysitter with the book bag for a number of years. And now I've got my own little, and so I'm in the land of board books and happily working at Redeemed Reader.   Laura Dugger: (3:39 - 3:49) I love hearing that. And if people are watching this through video, can you both just say your name, so we know who's Betsy and who's Haley? I'm Haley.   Betsy Farquhar: (3:50 - 3:51) I'm Betsy.   Laura Dugger: (3:52 - 4:07) Okay, wonderful. Thank you for that. And at Redeemed Reader, I'm assuming you have so many book recommendations to try and read and review.   So, how do you even determine which books you are going to review?   Hayley Morell: (4:08 - 7:49) So, right now we are wrapping up one of the things we love doing, which is providing award coverage. In January is when the American Library Association announces their awards, and they like to recognize the best middle grade with the Newberry, the best picture books with the Caldecott, and then a number of other awards. We know that those books are going to be going into lots of libraries and schools.   And so, we like to provide coverage of that and review those books that we know parents are going to be seeing on shelves and wondering, is this a good book? Should we be reading this? What do we want to check out?   We also like to watch what is popular. What is causing discussion? So, several years ago, that was The Hunger Games.   And there was a lot of questions about dystopia. Should we be reading this? Is this helpful?   Do I want my teen reading The Hunger Games? More recently, some popular middle grade series like Keeper of the Lost Cities have had a lot of parents asking, what is this series? Is there anything I should know about?   And so, we try to have a balanced review. We review books that you're going to find at the library. We also like to review books that maybe you wouldn't know about.   So, a smaller Christian imprint, for example, we like to review that type of book to encourage readers to read widely, to read Christian authors, to read secular authors. We like books. And so, we each bring our own specialty to the team and experience.   Janie, who's our senior editor, is a children's author. She loves history. And so, as the community relations manager, I tend to handle review requests.   So, when somebody asks us, can you review this book? It's popular. Or I'm an author.   I wrote a book. Can you review it? I'll look at the book.   I'll look at how hard is it to get? We do try to review books that are easy to find, that you might find in your local library. But then I'll look at our team.   So, for Janie, if it is going to be a nonfiction history, let's say for a 10 to 12-year-old, I know that's going to be up her alley. Meanwhile, Betsy loves poetry. She loves nature, nonfiction.   Betsy is a very, I'd say you're one of our Renaissance people. And so, I know Betsy is going to be inclined towards maybe a novel and verse. And she also likes dealing with high school books.   You've got that teacher education background, where if it is an epic poem, Betsy is going to be our reviewer. Megan is our amazing picture book author. She's super creative, loves picture books.   Megan is who I turn to when I find a picture book. Meanwhile, I used to handle as I was the team member of the team and then turned into my 20s. So, I gravitated toward YA, and I still love a good YA fantasy.   But I am now in board book land and picture books. So, I have been expanding my reach. I do serve on our middle grade fiction, so I can help out with middle grades.   But each of us will flex in, flex out. Megan has a large family of boys. And so, if it's a boy book, she is a great person.   We love to send those to her to see if her boys like them. And that's, I could keep going because we love books, but that's a big snapshot.   Laura Dugger: (7:50 - 8:09) That's so helpful because you cover such a wide variety of books throughout your team. And as curators of book reviews, what questions are you most commonly receiving, both from young people and maybe their parents as well?   Hayley Morell: (8:12 - 9:22) I think we often get questions like, is this book clean? Is this book safe? And we like to kind of change that question.   And we like to say, why is the content in this book? Because that can be different, you know, depending on something that is in a picture book, which wouldn't be appropriate for an age, could be very appropriate for a YA book and a great discussion starter. So, it definitely depends on the content and what audience and what age of the audience we're dealing with.   So, we try to, as people ask us, well, is this safe or is this clean? Should I read this? We want to build discernment and encourage parents to interact, parents and educators to interact with our reviews.   And they know their reader. They know how their reader is going to receive a book. And what questions might come up.   And so, we like to help interact with that conversation. And then there's another kind of question we often get, which I'm going to let Betsy answer.   Betsy Farquhar: (9:23 - 10:10) The other question is, my kid likes blank kind of book or is blank kind of reader. What do I get for him or her? And so that, of course, can vary widely.   But people love to know what book is right for my family or my classroom or my child. And so, we try to write our reviews with that question in mind, not to make a blanket statement, you should all read this book, or nobody should read this book, but to give parents and educators enough information to make that decision for themselves. And then we started doing these reels on Instagram, where we're pretending we're answering a customer service phone call with questions we've been asked, right?   My son only likes video games, or my daughter doesn't want fantasy, but she reads these kinds of books. And so, we try to help people think that through.   Laura Dugger: (10:10 - 10:14) So, that's really how we continue.   Hayley Morell: (10:15 - 11:09) Sorry. And one more question that we often get because we are book reviewers is, will you review my book? And so, at that point, we do have a process.   We encourage people to submit a request. And it could be maybe a book they're curious about and would just like a review from us, or they're an author or a publisher. And so, in that case, we direct them to our review submission form.   And like I said before, we are definitely looking for books that are easy to find. That will encourage us to review a book, because while we love books that are like smaller imprints, et cetera, and we do try to provide coverage for that, we also are aware that a lot of our audience only has their library or their school library. And so, we are trying to do books that are easy to find and accessible for our readers.   Laura Dugger: (11:10 - 11:40) Okay, that's really helpful to hear what people are writing in and asking you about. And so, hearing the sweet spot from each team member, and then Betsy, how you mentioned people love to know what's right for my family. So, no, this won't fit every situation. But can you give examples of maybe books that the four of you find yourselves recommending quite a bit because they are ones that fit a wide range of people?   Betsy Farquhar: (11:41 - 13:39) Of course, we put a ton of recommendations in our book that came out in the fall. And those are sort of our most common recommendations. We have a place on our website called Starred Reviews.   And those are the best of the best in our mind of their genre. So, if you're looking for graphic novels, and you see a star on a graphic novel, it's because we think this is an amazing graphic novel. So, that's just a helpful framework, because of course, people are all over the map, right?   We're in the midst of whittling down our Book of the Year for this year. And we also have our Reader's Choice Book of the Year. And those books are ones we tend to recommend all the time.   So, I'm going to give you just some samples of what are on our Reader's Choice list, because that is a public list. And I can't reveal the 2025 releases we're considering for the other one. But for our Book of the Year for the Reader's Choice this year, we have The Found Boys by S. D. Smith.   We've got, I've got them all right here, Olivetti by Allie Millington. There's The Hiding Place: A Graphic Novel and the Watership Down: The Graphic Novel that are both really fun. People have really enjoyed them.   We've got the first book in The Dream Keeper Saga by Kathryn L. Butler. That's a Christian fantasy series. We've got Enemies in the Orchard, which is the novel in verse about World War II.   One Big Open Sky by Lesa Cline-Ransome, which is another novel in verse about some Black pioneers going west on a wagon train. And that might be, oh, The Puppets of Spelhorst by Kate DiCamillo. Kate DiCamillo is a super prolific author, and we do recommend her books often.   Her book, Ferris, was our Book of the Year last year. So, there's just a quick sampling of some middle grades' books. And middle grades, for people who don't know, that's the broad fourth through eighth grade age range.   You think of like ages 8 to 12. And they tend to be the broadest in audience. You can usually read those aloud to a younger audience, or even teenagers might find them enjoyable.   So, that's a good start.   Hayley Morell: (13:40 - 14:29) I do think one of the beauties of our team is that we've worked together for a long time. And we trust our team. And so, I will happily recommend a book that I haven't seen, but I know Betsy loved and reviewed.   And it's so fun reading the same books. So, like right now, since we're on award committees, we are seeing a lot of the same books and getting to talk about them. But I think it's one of our strengths that we each bring something to the table.   And I would say if someone really likes history, I'm going to look at what Janie has loved recently, because I know she is looking for those good new history books. And its so fun recommending books and getting to play to our strengths.   Laura Dugger: (14:31 - 16:16) And that comes out in book recommendations. When you're passionate about what you're reading, it's naturally contagious, I think. And now a brief message from our sponsor.   Sam Leman Chevrolet Eureka has been owned and operated by the Bertschi family for over 25 years. A lot has changed in the car business since Sam and Stephen's grandfather, Sam Leman, opened his first Chevrolet dealership over 55 years ago.   If you visit their dealership today, though, you'll find that not everything has changed. They still operate their dealership like their grandfather did, with honesty and integrity. Sam and Stephen understand that you have many different choices in where you buy or service your vehicle.   This is why they do everything they can to make the car buying process as easy and hassle-free as possible. They are thankful for the many lasting friendships that began with a simple welcome to Sam Leman's. Their customers keep coming back because they experience something different.   I've known Sam and Stephen and their wives my entire life, and I can vouch for their character and integrity, which makes it easy to highly recommend you check them out today. Your car buying process doesn't have to be something you dread, so come see for yourself at Sam Leman Chevrolet in Eureka. Sam and Stephen would love to see you, and they appreciate your business.   Learn more at their website, LemanEureka.com or visit them on Facebook by searching for Sam Leman Eureka. You can also call them on 309-467-2351. Thanks for your sponsorship.   I'm curious, over the years, what character qualities have you noticed in people who are now adults, but they originally fell in love with reading in childhood?   Betsy Farquhar: (16:17 - 17:39) So, that's a pretty broad question. I would think, I'm just going to paint this with broad strokes. People who read typically are people who think, and especially in a day and age where we're bombarded with screens and soundbites all the time, if somebody can actually read an analog book from start to finish, then typically they're going to be able to think about ideas in a different way than people who are just existing on soundbites.   So, the ability to think is pretty critical. There's been a lot of studies that show that people who read also have better empathy. It's just a way we can sort of step into somebody else's shoes, especially if we're reading a story about somebody who perhaps lived in a different time period, or they're from a different ethnic background, or even if there's just a different socioeconomic level, it helps us understand the people on the other side a little bit better.   So, that kind of, this twin characteristics of empathy and thoughtfulness, I think are pretty common. We all go through seasons where we don't read as much, whether we're stressed or perhaps, my kids are in college and they were avid readers in high school, and they're not doing a lot of reading for fun right now, but they know how to read and they enjoy it. So, they'll probably come back to that in the future.   So, I think that's a helpful thing to remember, just because your eight-year-old loves reading, when he or she is 18, they may not be reading as much, and that's okay. They'll probably come back to it.   Hayley Morell: (17:40 - 17:53) And I've definitely seen that with younger siblings too, burning out and then all of a sudden back, asking for book recommendations. And it's fun to know that reading habits stick around.   Laura Dugger: (17:55 - 18:38) That's well said. And yet, even if they lie dormant for a while, they may be reawakened in adulthood. But I think I find it's less common for someone to fall in love with reading for their first time as an adult.   So, I think it's very beneficial as parents to cultivate or instill this love of reading in our children. And you two are the experts. So, I'd love to hear your take on this.   What are some of the benefits of reading? And why is it worthwhile to devote our time to curating a healthy diet of books, both for ourselves, but especially for our children?   Hayley Morell: (18:39 - 20:06) Betsy, I think you might've said this once, but I think it came up as we were talking about writing our book. As I have a small child who's just starting to notice pages and we're reading board books and he's trying to reach for it. I remember someone once said that reading to a very young child, they're not registering the story yet.   They might be registering the pictures. But the time that we're taking reading, when I read to him or when my husband gets home from work and they read one board book together, he's not really looking at the book as much as he's looking at our face and hearing our voice. And books are becoming something that we do together and that we do as a family.   And it's a way that we're building relationships. And I think that's a great encouragement to me to keep reading. And I have nieces and nephews who loved books.   And then that's something that we enjoy the story together and we'll laugh over silly stories and we'll read. But I think that it's something that as we want to like curate our collections but also think about how are we encouraging children to love reading. It's if they see us reading too and see us enjoying books and still picking up a book ourselves.   I'm not sure, Betsy, if you have anything that you would add to that.   Betsy Farquhar: (20:07 - 20:41) Well, I just think the better we read anything, the better equipped we are to read the story in the Bible because God revealed himself to us in a written book. And so, we're sort of flexing those muscles when we read. And the more we can engage with what we read, even if it's a picture book with a five-year-old, we're beginning that practice of developing discernment.   And that's part of discipling our children. So, I do think it's all part of the same picture. It's not going to look the same for every family but just working on developing those muscles of discernment and reading intelligently, that's going to go a long way.   Laura Dugger: (20:43 - 22:07) I love how you bring in the Bible that is so important. And I found myself even just this week at bedtime praying over our daughters that they would have a love for the written word because that is what God has gifted to us. And I love how the word became flesh and dwelt among us, but he is the original storyteller and has instilled that in each of us.   And I think just a very practical way at any age to help our children cultivate this love is by reading aloud. And we recently were on a family vacation and had a rental vehicle and we had a long drive-in front of us and listened to the radio for a while. But we also like this tradition of reading one book aloud on a vacation.   So, we remember our time in Florida from one year was a place to hang the moon and it was a different book this year, but I get car sick while we're driving. So, I couldn't read it aloud. So, our oldest daughter read it aloud for all of us.   And I realized how much attention and focus is required and imagination to paint these pictures of the characters in your mind. And I just thought, wow, there's so much learning that's going on even as the one listening to the book, not reading the actual words.   Betsy Farquhar: (22:09 - 22:15) And a place to hang the moon was our reader's choice favorite last year. So, lots of our readers have read that one.   Laura Dugger: (22:16 - 22:36) It's such a good one. And as wonderful as books are, they're also powerful and influential. So, as you've reiterated, discernment is required.   And I'd love for you to elaborate on why the young adult, or the YA category can be the most controversial.   Hayley Morell: (22:38 - 25:12) Young adult protagonists are often upper teenage years. And so, we like to say, as we mentioned in our book, no topic is out of bounds. And this means that there can be a lot going on and a lot of messiness.   We like to use that word as we're talking about that. And sometimes the messiness can be thought provoking. Sometimes it can be provocative.   And we have noticed often YA deals with questions of identity. Who am I? How do I relate to the world?   And that can look like lots of different things. It can include sexual identity, which can lead to a lot of conversations. But something that we like to lean into as we look at the YA genre is that in a world where everything is constantly shifting, as you have a teen and they're encountering conversations at school, conversations with peers, or using social media, having an ever-changing feed that I can look at my Instagram feed and it's going to look nothing like a teenager's Instagram feed.   Even if you're looking at the same account, the way that reels are coming, they're getting bombarded with messages. The messiest of books is static. And you both can look at that and read the cover, read what's going on, and talk about it.   And you both have the same place to have a conversation. And so, we like to lean into that when we're looking at YA books and realize they are powerful, but they're powerful conversation starters. And books like, Betsy recently read a book, and it's called Bright Red Fruit.   And it's a cautionary tale about a teenage girl who has a relationship with an older man that's predator. And he is taking advantage, trying to separate her that is an excellent conversation starter. It's not an easy book to read.   You're reading it, getting worried for this girl, but it's a great way to say, let's read this book and let's talk about what a healthy relationship looks like, because this is not healthy. So, we love YA books that can provoke conversations. And sometimes it might be you both looking at a book and going, you know, this doesn't seem helpful.   We don't need to finish this book. It's okay to stop reading a book and return it to the library.   Laura Dugger: (25:12 - 26:11) I completely agree. And even with that YA section, one of our daughters was just saying, when I go through that section of the library, it seems like every single book is about death. And it did provoke a good conversation from that.   But I think it was Sarah McKenzie who was the first person that I heard explain the difference between a middle grade novel or YA because from my understanding, middle grade isn't just for those grades. You even said younger ages can enjoy that and older. I have friends that only read middle grade novel now as adults.   So, it's not just your reading level, but YA has different rules on it where I think you said anything goes, any topic is allowed. So, it doesn't mean that YA is necessarily what you have to graduate to once you enter high school. Is that right?   Hayley Morell: (26:11 - 27:06) But yes, it's typically and the funny thing that you kind of leaned into it, some middle grade books definitely deal with coming of age or might even have a teenage protagonist, but it's written in a way that a 12 year old could read it and enjoy it. When you get into like the higher YA, it is more like young adults, people starting their own lives, having adventures, leaving home, going on quests. And like you said, bringing in some heavier topics.   Now we have seen since like in the last five years, a lot of books dealing with death and grieving that are hitting that middle grade genre too, which can be helpful. But at the same time, if you're just reading sad books, you might want to change your diet and find a fun, happy book too.   Laura Dugger: (27:07 - 27:31) Again, in a conversation like this, it has to be more general of a recommendation, but there's such a difference, I'm sure in YA for your 13-year-old versus your 18-year-old. So, for someone who does want to dip their toe into some YA books, do you have anyones that you find yourselves recommending again for that age group?   Betsy Farquhar: (27:32 - 28:42) I'll jump in here. We've got a couple of book lists on our site that are, have actual number ages attached to them. Thirteen books for 13-year-old boys is a great one for that younger teen audience.   But those tend to be, they're grappling with some coming-of-age issues, but they tend to be more adventure based in a sense and more fun. I think of the Ranger's Apprentice series by John Flanagan. There's a little bit of language.   There's a little bit of romance, but it's very teen, young teen friendly. And its actually kind of a good picture of men being heroes and women are heroes in very, like the men are men, they're very masculine. And the women, even if they're part of the army, so to speak, they're still doing it in a feminine way.   So, it's just kind of a nice sort of entry into some of those conversations. But then if you fast forward, by the time teens are in their upper teens, they should be able to read adult books too. And so, you might find yourself reading something like Peace Like a River by Leif Enger, which is very much written for an adult market, but very accessible to teens if they're willing to grapple with some of those ideas.   But that book's going to be a lot heavier than a book for a 13-year-old.   Laura Dugger: (28:44 - 29:05) That's helpful just to have examples. And I think it's also helpful to put this into context by reflecting back through time. So, just in America, what have you learned about the trends and the changes in libraries, specifically over the past 75 years?   Betsy Farquhar: (29:06 - 31:30) So, I have a library degree too, so I love talking about libraries. In library science, we have a rule, it's called Ranganathan's Law, and it simply says every book is reader, which means that for every book out there, there's a reader out there. And libraries take that very seriously.   No book is off the table for a public library. We had an entire class on serving our community. So, the goal behind a public library has always been to serve the community in which it's placed.   Now that's changed a lot as our society has changed a lot. So, before World War II, most libraries were funded very locally, local taxes, they may have even been subscription-based, but after we have all these army vets coming back after World War II, they're going back to school later. We have this explosion of information access for people who can't get it.   So, the Library Services Act was the first one. We've had lots of iterations since then. Now it includes technology.   It started with giving federal dollars to rural libraries, and it's continued even to big cities now, but the focus is still on services for people who can't access them as easily. So, free Wi-Fi was a really big one before Wi-Fi was as broad spread. There are services for the blind and for other communities that might not be able to read as easily.   So, it's still sort of an information hub, but I think that makes us uncomfortable sometimes as Christians because our society has changed so much that we go into a library now and we're like, I would never read this book to my kid. Well, but your neighbor might, and the public library is not the parent of your child. The public library is serving the whole community.   So, go ahead and request them to stock some Christian books. A lot of them will buy the Christian books that you request because they want to serve you. You're part of their community.   So, I think we just have to remember that their goal is broader. My goal as a parent is far more niche than my public librarian's goal to serve her community. She's not my enemy.   Even if she's picking things for story time that I would never read to my children, it doesn't mean I have to ignore the library. I can love that those are image bearers. I can respectfully bring up my concerns, and I can suggest books and I can build a relationship with this fellow image bearer in my community.   It can be a great mission field. So, yes, libraries are continually evolving. That's why they now offer you can even check out sports equipment.   They're still trying to provide information and resources for the community.   Hayley Morell: (31:32 - 32:01) I just recommended or requested two books that were Christian picture books that aren't in our system. And one of our librarians helped me fill out the form explaining why I wanted them. And I just got a notification yesterday. Both are on hold for me and have been added to our library. So, it's exciting. If you don't ask, you don't know if you're going to get it. I honestly was surprised. I was like, oh, they actually got the books I wanted.   Laura Dugger: (32:02 - 32:56) It is so exciting when they do that. I love our local library, and the staff is just wonderful to work with. So, that's great encouragement for us to get to know them by name and have a relationship with them.   And just to zero in on that one piece after World War II, I think that's tied to what so many people call is it the golden age of children's literature where some people will say we only read books before a certain year, like mid-1900s. But I love that you guys review even modern books because it's not that it was all better back then. But I do think there's a piece of truth in it that libraries had to be so discerning back then with less funding.   And so maybe they had the best of the best available and then funds came in and we can have a wider range.   Betsy Farquhar: (32:56 - 33:40) There's so many factors here historically because we could really nerd out, but I won't. But what's also being reflected is simply printmaking technology because the ability to print paperbacks, paperbacks as like a thing weren't a thing until the 20th century. So, books were incredibly expensive.   You've got all those factors playing in too. So, not only are they getting different funding, but there is an explosion in printmaking technology that allows publishers to produce inexpensive books. And that allows families and libraries to buy more books.   It's not dissimilar to the way we have digital media now that's got its own sort of technology behind the distribution of the digital books. So, there's a lot of factors involved in that.   Laura Dugger: (33:41 - 34:03) That is fascinating. I'm glad you brought that up. And like I said, so helpful to look back.   But now if we're also looking forward, I'd really appreciate your perspective on where we're headed. So, what's on your radar for genres or books that may require even more discernment in the future?   Hayley Morell: (34:04 - 37:18) So, right now, romanticy is having a moment and that's a genre that is getting a lot of attention. There's a lot of marketing using that language. And I think it's really helpful to realize this is a marketing term.   So, Fourth Wing became very popular. That is a book that is for adults. It has a lot of explicit sex.   But it used the term romanticy and it sold very well. And so suddenly all books that are fantasy and have some romance are being called romanticy. And that could mean a lot of different things.   So, what we're seeing is this term that if it's used in the YA genre, we don't know what it means going into a book. It might mean a lot of focus on romance and some unhelpful sex. It also could mean a really fun fantasy that happens to have a romantic angle.   So, I recently gave a starred review to A Forgery of Fate by Elizabeth Lim. That's a Chinese fairy tale, beauty and the beast type story. And it is excellent.   One of the marketing terms that used was romanticy. And it just is a wonderful fantasy story that has this thread of romance perfectly appropriate for teen readers. But that is a term that we're currently aware of.   And this is a genre that we want to notice and take with a grain of salt. It's kind of a contrast on the other side. It's differentiating between romanticy has romance and then there's cozy fantasy, which is more cottage core, comfortable feeling.   It also could have sex. So, there's, as we run into this fantasy genre, there's a lot of things going on, but it's definitely having a moment. And it's just nice to know what's going on and what cozy fantasy is going to be focused on character development, like very like a shopkeeper who inherits a cottage with a garden and grows mushrooms.   That's cozy fantasy. Romanticy is a chosen one motif who's at some dramatic school. Dark academia is also having a moment where it's a lot of angst, a lot of little bit of horror.   And some of it can be done really well because it's popular. There's a lot of it out there. And so, some discernment is required as you're figuring out, is this a book for adults or is this a book for teens?   I think I would be cautious with books that are being marketed for adults as romanticy because you could run into some things that are meant for an adult audience and might not be helpful for that teenage reader of yours.   Betsy Farquhar: (37:18 - 38:06) The only other thing I'll add, and this is sort of a different approach, but we're seeing a lot of genre blending. It's getting harder to say this is a mystery or this is a fantasy, even this is a historical fiction story. So, I think genre fiction in general is kind of having a moment.   And when we say genre fiction, we really mean things like mystery, science fiction, romanticy, these sort of sub genres that are underneath the broader terms of realistic fiction or speculative fiction is an umbrella term that includes fantasy, dystopia, science fiction, magical realism, all the little niche downstream sort of sub genres. But we're seeing some really interesting things. It's going to be harder to automatically decide I like that genre, or I don't because they're just mixing and matching elements from all over the place.   Laura Dugger: (38:08 - 39:15) Mm-hmm. That is helpful. I had never heard of some of those things that you just mentioned, but also I'd love for you to respond after I shared this story.   I had a previous guest, Megan Cabe, who used to run a blog. It was called Young Book Love and she would review, I think, middle grade novels, maybe a little bit of YA, but she would say most topics are beneficial to read, even if they're difficult, what you all refer to as messy books. But she did provide extra caution and just said she strongly advised against explicit sexual content because those mental images have a way of sticking with us.   And I agree with her. I would also add sometimes what's not appropriate for our children is not appropriate for us either. And just a funny way to remember this, I had a loved one recently who just said, “You can't sugarcoat a turd. I'd love your take on all of that.”   Hayley Morell: (39:17 - 41:54) So, we like to use the term beyond ever after when we're dealing with this idea of what romance is helpful, what is not helpful. And like you said, the age of the reader comes into play because something that might be a good conversation point with your teen, let's say dealing with a first kiss, that is something that is good to be thinking about and be talking about having healthy conversations about what is God's design for sexuality. And as you are starting to notice the opposite sex and have feelings, what do we do with those?   And again and again, it's been shown that it is helpful to have these conversations because if we're not having a conversation about what is God's view and what does God want us to do with this, our young people are going to turn to the world, which is very happy to give them a lot of talk about sexuality, but some very different perspectives and answers that are focused on yourself, let's you do you versus no, what has God given us and how are we going to steward this?   So, one of the things that I like to, that we like to be aware of as we're reviewing at Redeemed Reader is, is this a 12-year-old reading this book? And if a 12-year-old is reading a book and in the book, a 12-year-old is having a crush and it's kissing, we don't want our 12-year-olds kissing. That's not that helpful yet.   I mean, that's, that's quite young and yes, in some cultures you might, but not yet. However, if this is a book about an 18-year-old on a high school trip, like Becky Dean has some really fun YA romances that are appropriate for teens, then dealing with what is it like dating? What is it like dealing with these emotions and chemistry that can be really well done for an 18-year-old?   But like you said, we want to be aware of our imaginations. We want to be aware of what we're able to handle. And for someone, maybe reading those romances is fun and helpful.   For another, it might be unhelpful. And I think that comes down to as a reader growing discernment and knowing what you are able to read that will still be edifying.   Betsy Farquhar: (41:56 - 42:55) I'm going to piggyback a little bit. I, I agree that there, we look to scripture for what the standards are, and the Bible is not describing sexual activity in sordid detail. So, it's probably a good idea for us not to be wallowing in the same sorts of things.   And I think the same thing is true for language. In fact, it's easier to ignore profanity in a book you're reading versus listening to it. I mean, if we immerse ourselves in audio books that have, that are littered with profanity, it's going to stick in our head differently than if we're just reading it on the page.   And I think sexual activity; there are some similar dynamics at play. Obviously, a visual scene is going to be probably stick with us even more than a written scene. But either way, you know, that's part of discernment is what is my imagination doing with this?   And the overall picture of my reading diet. Is this all I'm reading? Is this what my thoughts are going towards?   Are they pointing me back to Christ? Are they promoting some helpful conversation? Or is it just sort of my guilty pleasure? Well, that should be maybe a sign.   Laura Dugger: (43:21 - 43:45) Some love stories are described as squeaky clean. But when it comes to the world of Christian romance, what are some helpful questions that we can be asking our tween or teen? And what are some healthy considerations for filtering books that we're going to allow to be consumed in our home?   Hayley Morell: (43:47 - 47:15) So, it's interesting. I think each genre of romance can have its own pitfalls. And I know I really appreciate the authors who are writing clean, squeaky-clean stories.   And as I've read them and consumed them, one of the things I've noticed is that it is clean. There's no question of something being clean. But at the same time, if the only thing we're reading, going back to having a balanced book diet, is a squeaky-clean story, I don't think that's helpful because it doesn't show an accurate view of the world.   And we want to be preparing our tweens and teens for a world where, yes, there is a happily ever after. Yes, we have the fairy tale wedding, or we have an imagination that is sparked by boy meets girl. But then what happens next?   And we live in a fallen world. And so, we have to work on relationships. We have to work on communicating.   And sometimes squeaky clean can lean so far into being safe that it doesn't actually show what it is like to have a relationship with the opposite sex. I think of one story I read and it's very superficial, playful. Snarky is often something I've noticed in the squeaky clean because we don't, we have to have some form of banter.   And so, it's perpetual sarcasm and no physical touch. But then suddenly our protagonists marry and now they're still being snarky and not touching. And as an adult, I look at that and go, that is not an accurate portrayal of what it looks like to have a romance and to have marriage.   And so, we love to ask, what are the relationships like in this book? And if that's in a middle grade novel, one of the things we love seeing is are they showing a healthy family? Are they showing parents that like being together?   Because that's at a middle grade level is you're sparking that imagination. What is our protagonist seeing as the adults around them are having relationships? Do the adults like to be together?   I just was reading a really sweet, Betsy, I think you read it. But Will's Race for Home is a story about this boy and westward expansion. And so, it's when the Oklahoma, Oklahoma land rush opens up.   And there's the sweetest time where he talks about how he knows his father loves his mother because his father will look at his mother and she will blush. And it's the sweetest age-appropriate picture of what romance looks like when you're a 12-year-old looking at your parents. And I think that type of thing can be a really healthy way of having these conversations versus having a diet that is just squeaky clean and yet might actually be showing an inaccurate portrayal of what it's like to have relationships in a fallen world.   Laura Dugger: (47:16 - 47:30) Well, let's get specific on another type of book as well. How do you advise parents to think critically on what age is appropriate to consume what you mentioned earlier, the Hunger Games or a book like that?   Betsy Farquhar: (47:31 - 49:44) Ooh, pick me. I love these kind of books. I'll read anything.   And I tend to get tasked with books that are difficult sometimes. Although many of us on our team read them and we do talk about these behind the scenes. So, when you're thinking about the age your child is and when they're ready for any book, but especially a popular one, I think part of that is our job as parents is always to be watching our children, to be students of our children.   How are they consuming media in general? What kind of video games? What kind of movies?   Are they on social media? What is their media diet like? And how are they handling that?   And if they're showing discernment in general, and they're kind of grappling with issues and ideas, then they're going to be ready for a book like the Hunger Games sooner than a child who's just blindly taking it all in. There's no magic age where you say, ooh, you're 12, you can read the Hunger Games. A lot depends on what that child's already displayed.   And I think dystopia are the books where there's some apocalyptic future and there's usually an autocratic governor or government system or it's futuresque. But they're really great books about bringing up big questions about how society works and the nature of authority and even the nature of anarchy. And they're just such great discussion starters.   But if your child isn't able to have those kinds of conversations yet, they're going to miss the forest for the trees and it's going to be all shock value. But I'm going to add a big caveat. If it's really popular and you think your child is maybe ready, maybe not quite, I would probably go ahead and read it with him or her if all of the peers are reading it.   Because I would rather my child have that conversation with me than with their friend. Or at least have it with me first before they read it with their friends. Even if we skip parts, maybe it's a book that you feel like we can't read chapter 12 for whatever reason.   Be honest with your child and say, you know what? This book has a scene I'm really uncomfortable with. Maybe give a brief summary.   We're going to keep going. But engage with your children over what is popular. I think that is the number one takeaway because they're going to find answers somewhere.   We want it to be from us.   Laura Dugger: (49:46 - 50:52) That is good. And that's why I appreciate the redeemed reader because you're putting in all this work for us because we can't pre-read everything. But when we're faced with a situation like that, it is helpful that we can choose to read some with them.   And another angle, I just love a few of your quotes in the book. First, on page 76, you write, If Genesis were made into a true-to-the-book movie, the Redeemed Reader team would not allow our children to watch it. We might abstain as well.   And then you go on for page 111 and you say, the best tool we can give our growing readers is God's word. The more they know and understand the Bible, the better equipped they will be to think discerningly, to recognize error, and to know how the Bible handles the same issues. So, will you just elaborate on this wisdom and advise us on how and why to encourage our children to read the Bible, even though it is messy?   Betsy Farquhar: (50:53 - 52:58) Well, it is a messy book, but thankfully, it's not only a messy book. I mean, if it were a movie, we have nudity very quickly. Then we have rebellion against God, and then we have murder.   And before you know it, six chapters in, the world is so bad that God is sending a flood to destroy it. So, it must have been really bad. But the Bible isn't giving us all those details.   And I think that is a big piece of the picture when it comes to discernment in literature. The Bible is not shy about telling us that people sinned. I mean, our heroes, David, infidelity, murder, you know, most of the famous people in the Bible did something egregiously wrong and sinful.   And yet the whole story of the Bible is God redeeming his people. We're all sinners. And there is hope because of Christ.   None of us can make it without Christ. And so, in the Bible, you're seeing both the mess and the hope. You're seeing God's answer to this problem.   And so, as we read scripture with our kids, one of the things that is helpful is we know what sin is. It's rebellion against God. It includes everything from sexual activity outside of marriage to gossip and pride and sort of the easy sins, right?   They're all sin. So, I think that's one thing that comes across when we're studying God's word. We also see Christ.   And when we then turn to a book, just a regular fiction book or even a nonfiction book, is the book also labeling sin as sin or at least a mistake? Or is it glorifying it? How is it handling it compared to how we know scripture handles it?   Is there any hope in the book? And where is that hope found? Are they just praying to the universe?   We're seeing universe capitalized all over the place now as sort of this amorphous deity. Well, that's not hopeful. I don't want to pray to Jupiter.   You know, we have a God who cares about us. And so just getting your kids to sort of reckon with the differences between how a book is portraying hope and judgment versus how scripture portrays it, that's going to take them a long way.   Laura Dugger: (53:01 - 53:23) That's fantastic. And your book lists at the end of each chapter are reason enough to purchase the book. But I'm sure that you've encountered additional titles since your publication date that you also enjoy.   So, will you share a handful of book recommendations, maybe some from each of those sweet spots again from your team?   Hayley Morell: (53:24 - 54:03) For young adults, we've actually mentioned both of the ones that I would add. They both have received starred reviews. A Forgery of Fate by Elizabeth Lim.   Excellent fantasy for young adults. And then Bright Red Fruit by Sophia O'Heo. And that one is a discussion starter.   It is a messy book, but it's an excellent book for its audience. Those would be two young adult fantasies. We see a lot of young adult fantasies.   So, but I would have loved to include those in the book. We just read them later.   Betsy Farquhar: (54:03 - 55:03) So, quick correction, Bright Red Fruit's not a fantasy, but it is it is. Oh, I apologize. That's fine.   It's a discussion starter. And that usually means that there's something in there you need to know about before you read it. As a parent, I would recommend doing your homework on that book.   It's a really good book to read with your daughters, but you might want to pre-read it first. Middle grade, that's our biggest bucket. Because it's the most it's got the widest audience reach and it's just so fun.   So, some of the ones that we've really liked, The Teacher of Nomadland by Daniel Nayeri. He is a Christian author. He won the National Book Award for this book for young people's literature and a Newbery Honor.   It's fantastic. It's a story about World War II. Benny on the Case by Wesley King is a really lovely mystery that features the protagonist has mosaic down syndrome, and it's just not very common to read books with different disabilities represented.   So, that's just a really sweet story. Lots of fun.   Hayley Morell: (55:04 - 55:05) It's a great audio book too.   Betsy Farquhar: (55:06 - 56:40) Yes. Song of the Stone Tiger, another Christian author, Glenn McCarty. It's a kind of a mix of realistic fiction and fantasy.   So, it's fun. A new one that we like. And then I'll leave you with one more.   I actually have it right here. So, for those who are watching this, they can see it. It's called Radiant by Vonda Michaud-Nelson.   And it's a novel in verse, but a beautiful picture of what it means to love your neighbor. So, The Sword by Marty Murkowski from New Growth Press. It's kind of a family devotional resource.   It was the World Magazine Book of the Year. We gave it a starred review as well. The Amazing Generation is a book for kids by the same author as The Anxious Generation.   So, that book is like a super bestseller for adults. This is kind of taking that idea and helping kids know how not to be the anxious generation, right? How they can be the amazing generation.   The World Entire is a nonfiction, maybe technically a picture book, but it's really long. And it's for this audience. And it's a true story about World War II, about a rescue.   I think it was set in Portugal. And then a graphic novel that's nonfiction. I'm trying to cover all your different genres here.   This is How to Say Goodbye in Cuban by Daniel Meadez. It's about his father and how he emigrated or escaped from Cuba. But it's a graphic novel.   So, there's a lot of visual interest. So, that's a really interesting background for kids who are hearing a lot of headlines about places like Cuba. And they're like, what's really going on?   A book like that can help them understand just some of the nuance behind the headlines.   Hayley Morell: (56:41 - 58:51) One of the things about middle grades as we talk about books is that middle grade is the age where readers are just exploding. And while you might have been able to keep up with your reader, then they hit 10 or 12 years old, and you give them a stack of books and they're reading them and asking for more. So, we definitely have a lot of middle grade reviews.   Picture books, though, are another place that we just love. And there's been some recent ones that we looked at and got, oh, this would be so good for the book. Something like Tuesday's Bear by Alexander Davis.   It's this beautiful story based on a true historical event. Unclaimed luggage is where, you know, if a suitcase gets lost, what happens to the contents? Well, one family had an idea, and Alexandra tells it through the story of this little bear who gets lost and then is found.   It's the most beautiful story. As a Christian, you can see a lot of very true themes running through it. And it's a delight to read aloud.   Wild Honey from the Moon by Kenneth Craigel. It's a story about a mother shrew whose little boy is sick, and she is going to do anything, even if it means traveling all the way to the moon to get some wild honey. It's a very imaginative story.   Beautiful pictures. A couple sneak peek that are going to just, these reviews are just going up. Iguanodon's Horn by Sean Rubin.   We've loved Bolivar, it was a graphic novel he did about a dinosaur. You can tell he likes dinosaurs. This is an amazing nonfiction picture book.   And for our Christian readers, this is a book about dinosaurs that doesn't have evolution. And I think you're going to love it. One more. His Grace is Enough. This is like Dr. Zeus type rhyming. Melissa Kruger wrote it.   It's a Christian book and it's a wonderful reminder for children. When you are dealing with sin, God's grace is enough. And I think you'll find if you read this, you'll be repeating the stanzas to yourself and encouraged as you read.   Laura Dugger: (58:54 - 59:41) I love having book lists. And if any other listeners are like me, we'll finish this episode and go ahead and put a bunch of books on hold at the library, which is always so convenient. And I'm sure a lot of people aren't able to take notes right now.   Maybe they're driving or working out as they're listening to this. But I love that every episode on The Savvy Sauce now has a transcript available. So, if anybody wants these book lists, you can go to the show notes page, either on our website or click on your podcast app and the transcript is available there.   So, thank you for all those wonderful recommendations. And do you have any other helpful tips to give us as parents if we're trying to navigate this well?   Betsy Farquhar: (59:42 - 1:00:26) Yes, start at birth and start not just reading with your kids, but asking them questions. They don't, it doesn't have to be a lengthy discussion. Is Piglet a good friend to poo?   You know, if you're reading Winnie the Pooh or if you're an Elephant and Piggy fan, like my kids were. Do you think Gerald should share his ice cream with Piggy? You can just pause in the middle of the story and just get them thinking, right?   So then when you get to the Hunger Games, you can say, what did you think of the ending? Would you have liked it to end differently? Those are great open-ended questions that get people talking and engaging and that you're often running.   If you can just think, I need to engage with my kids over what we're reading, then almost any book can be a discussion starter.   Laura Dugger: (1:00:27 - 1:00:33) Well, where can we go after this conversation to find more of your book recommendations?   Betsy Farquhar: (1:00:35 - 1:01:29) I'll do this one. Redeemedreader, alloneword.com is our website. And then we're super creative.   Our Facebook is exactly the same. Redeemedreader, alloneword. Our Instagram is redeemed underscore reader.   That's kind of a long story. But if you Google Redeemed Reader, you'll find us. And then the best way, oh yes, of course our book, which is also called The Redeemed Reader.   We're so original. But the best way to experience Redeemed Reader, other than the book, is through our weekly newsletter, which Haley curates and she does a fantastic job. But there's where you'll get the latest reviews.   We put in links for other places around the web that you might find interesting, different bookish news. Haley does a really fun book trivia with picture books. So, we like to think that it's going to make your inbox a happy place.   It's not a marketing email.   Laura Dugger: (1:01:30 - 1:01:50) I love that. We will provide links to all of that in the show notes for today's episode. And you two are already familiar.   We are called The Savvy Sauce because savvy is synonymous with practical knowledge. And so, as my final question for both of you today, what is your savvy sauce?   Betsy Farquhar: (1:01:52 - 1:03:03) So, as a business owner and a mom and a wife, it's probably not a surprise that I love my planner, but I've been through a lot of planners in my day, and I have very specific requirements. It needs to be bound, not coil bound. There's a certain size.   I mean, I have issues. I should say I have high standards for my planner. The single best feature in my current planner is that it forces me to break down my to do list between my life to do and my work to do.   And that was a game changer for me because I am wearing a lot of hats as most women are these days. And so, I limit myself to the number of bullet points that I'm given in the planner so that my work doesn't overtake my family life. It tends to be that way, sadly, more than the other way around.   Usually, my family life is not overtaking the work life, but it just it just gives me a chance to articulate each week. You know, I've got a birthday coming up that I need to plan for or I need to make sure my I mean, I graduated my youngest last year from high school, but the senior year in high school has a lot of deadlines. And so, it just helped me prioritize those milestones for my family and not let work get in the way.   Love that.   Laura Dugger: (1:03:03 - 1:03:04) What's the name of your planner?   Betsy Farquhar: (1:03:04 - 1:03:17) It's called the commit 30. I know there are other planners that do the same sort of thing, but I love having a weekly spread and I just love breaking it out between life to do and work to do.   Laura Dugger: (1:03:18 - 1:03:20) Absolutely. That sounds amazing. I love it.   Hayley Morell: (1:03:21 - 1:05:10) And my savvy sauce, I was going to say, Betsy is the planner and Betsy, I know you wouldn't appreciate this is spiral bound. So, I echo having a planner is a great way for me to just sort through all my thoughts, put them down and organize what needs to get done. But my savvy sauce is related to tech habits.   And as we were getting ready for our first, my husband and I were talking about how could we be mindful with our phone usage? And I have to thank Betsy for recommending Andy Crouch's, The Tech-Wise Family. Love that book.   And one of the things that we decided to do was to create a charging station downstairs in our house. And when I am not working where I need my phone for authentication or sending a voice message or being on the phone, if I'm not actively working, my phone lives on its charger. And that's been a struggle for me.   I have to admit the moment I had a child, anxiety kicked in. And for the first month, the phone was on me because that's what I needed to have a little security blanket. But I've been learning to leave my phone behind.   And then I'm not tempted to pick it up and scroll. And I feel like a child again because I get to the middle of the afternoon. And since I haven't been distracting myself, I've been getting things done. And all of a sudden I'm like; it's two o'clock and it's not dinner time yet. I have all of this time because I've created some more time by using the phone as a tool. But not having it right present and honestly, just distracting myself with it.   Laura Dugger: (1:05:12 - 1:05:48) That is a good, savvy tip. I love both of those. And you two have such warm and engaging personalities.   And I love those benefits that you were talking about for people who are readers. I experienced all of that through both of you today. And you're so wise and discerning yourselves.   And I am just beyond grateful that the Lord gifted you with your intellect, but also this passion for reviewing these resources. You're benefiting so many parents and children alike.   So, thank you for the work that you do. And thank you for being my guests.   Betsy Farquhar: (1:05:49 - 1:05:57) Thank you for having us. It is all from the Lord. Anything we have that's wise and worth taking away.   The credit should go to him, of course.   Hayley Morell: (1:05:58 - 1:06:00) Ame

Hello and welcome to the show.  This week we bid farewell to a rough, loud and bumpy friend, Dinosaur.  This Countdown has been coming for a while and is finally here.  Take a look back with the Disney Nerds as we say a big ole Good-Bye to that hero Iguanodon!

In 1853, a high-profile London dinner party was held inside a life-sized mold of an iguanodon. Research: Cain, Joe. “New Year’s Eve Dinner in the Iguanodon at Crystal Palace 31 December 1853.” https://profjoecain.net/dinner-iguanodon-crystal-palace-dinosaurs/ Cain, Joe. “Top Questions About New Year’s Eve Dinner in Iguanodon at Crystal Palace.” https://profjoecain.net/top-questions-about-new-years-eve-dinner-iguanodon-crystal-palace-mould-sculpture/ Carlson, Laura. “Episode 5: A Victorian Dinosaur Dinner.” The Feast. https://www.thefeastpodcast.org/episode-5-a-victorian-dinosaur-dinner Friends of the Crystal Palace Dinosaurs. “Dinner in the Iguanodon.” 7/21/2013. https://cpdinosaurs.org/blog/post/dinner-in-the-iguanodon Friends of the Crystal Palace Dinosaurs. “How were the Crystal Palace Dinosaurs made?” 5/13/2016. https://cpdinosaurs.org/blog/post/how-were-the-crystal-palace-dinosaurs-made Routledge & Co., publishers. “Routledge's guide to the Crystal Palace and park at Sydenham.” Crystal Palace. 1854. https://archive.org/details/routledgesguidet00grou/ Geological Society of London Blog. “The First Dinosaurs’ Dinner.” 4/15/2021. https://blog.geolsoc.org.uk/2021/04/15/the-first-dinosaurs-dinner/ Hawkins, B. Waterhouse. “On Visual Education, As Applied to Geology.” Journal of the Society of Arts. Vol. II No. 78. 5/19/1854. Illustrated London News. “The Crystal Palace, at Sydenham.” 1/7/1854. https://archive.org/details/sim_illustrated-london-news_1854-01-07_24_662/page/21/mode/1up McCarthy, Steve. “The Crystal Palace Dinosaurs: The Story of the World’s First Prehistoric Sculptures.” The Crystal Palace Foundation. 1994. McCarthy, Steve. "Hawkins, Benjamin Waterhouse (1807–1894), natural history artist and sculptor." Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. October 08, 2009. Oxford University Press. Date of access 5 Dec. 2025, https://www-oxforddnb-com.proxy.bostonathenaeum.org/view/10.1093/ref:odnb/9780198614128.001.0001/odnb-9780198614128-e-54370 Osterloff, Emily. “The world's first dinosaur park: what the Victorians got right and wrong.” Natural History Museum. https://www.nhm.ac.uk/discover/crystal-palace-dinosaurs.html Owen, Richard. “Geology and inhabitants of the ancient world.” Crystal Palace Company. 1854. https://archive.org/details/geologyinhabitan00owen Peck, Robert McCracken. "The art of bones: British artist Benjamin Waterhouse Hawkins, who sparked dinosaur mania in the nineteenth century, still influences how natural history museums represent prehistoric life today." Natural History, vol. 117, no. 10, Dec. 2008, pp. 24+. Gale Academic OneFile, link.gale.com/apps/doc/A189832561/GPS?u=mlin_n_melpub&sid=bookmark-GPS&xid=f6c80589. Accessed 5 Dec. 2025. Phillips, Samuel. “Guide to the Crystal Palace and Park.” Crystal Palace Library. 1854. https://archive.org/details/guidetocrystalpa00phil_0 Rack, Yannic. “How a Victorian Dinosaur Park Became a Time Capsule of Early Paleontology.” Smithsonian. 8/29/2023. https://www.smithsonianmag.com/travel/how-a-victorian-dinosaur-park-became-a-time-capsule-of-early-paleontology-180982799/ The History Press. “The Victorian dinner inside a dinosaur.” https://thehistorypress.co.uk/article/the-victorian-dinner-inside-a-dinosaur/ Witton, Mark and Ellinor Michel. “Crystal Palace dinosaurs: how we rediscovered five missing sculptures from the famous park.” The Conversation. 5/20/2022. https://theconversation.com/crystal-palace-dinosaurs-how-we-rediscovered-five-missing-sculptures-from-the-famous-park-182573 See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

The dinner was widely reported and helped generate public interest in the Crystal Palace Park's life-sized models of extinct animals, which opened to visitors the following ...

Sometimes evolution isn't just weird, it's weirdly indecisive. Let's talk about the multipurpose mishaps that led to Iguanodon's hoof-knife-tentacle combo and the extending butterknife palms of Pandas. Now with fixed audio featuring also Amy!CW: jokes about dildos, sex acts, and rude hand gestures. Cursing. Discussion and mockery of Meaghan's current ganglion cyst. We do call extra fingers weird or freaky, but this is specific to animals and does not cover polydactyly or humans.

Alberto Cobos Periáñez es director-gerente de la Fundación Conjunto Paleontológico de Teruel-Dinópolis y director del Museo Aragonés de Paleontología. Cobos es paleontólogo y dirige y coordina múltiples proyectos en el campo de la paleontología aplicada (museografía y difusión educativa), específicamente en relación con el proyecto Dinópolis y en el uso de la paleontología como un factor de desarrollo territorial de la provincia de Teruel. Es autor de decenas de publicaciones que han llevado a la descripción de cinco nuevos dinosaurios (Turiasaurus riodevensis, Iguanodon galvensis, Oblitosaurus bunnueli, Mierasaurus bobyoungi y Narindasaurus thevenini) entre otros aspectos relevantes.1:00 Inicios. Ciencias Geológicas Univ País Vasco. Palentología.5:00 ¿Qué son los Dinosaurios? Posición de las extremidades debajo de la cadera 8:00 ¿Cómo fue la extinción de los dinosaurios?14:00 Las aves y su relación con los dinosaurios 18:00 España es muy rica en fósiles y huellas de dinosaurios 32:00 El comportamiento de los dinosaurios gigantes37:00 ¿Qué es Dinópolis?40:00 Mis recomendaciones para hacer una visita por Teruel y Dinópolis50:00 Mis momentos Eureka57:00 Investigación en España1:00:30 Argentina y fósiles de dinosaurios gigantes1:03:00 Aficiones. Senderismo1:04:00 Libros de dinosaurios. De Jose Luis Sanz y de Luis Alcalá. Libro de la Fundación DinópolisLinks:https://www.fundaciondinopolis.org/www.dinopolis.com

This week we meet the second dinosaur ever discovered, Iguanodon! Find out how its image has changed over the past 200 years to the dinosaur we know today. In the news, Aaron discusses the newest standards for UK zoos. All this and more. The cupboard is open come on in!

Tameryraptor markgrafi is a significant dinosaur that was named by an even more significant paleontologist. But only photos and a braincase of it remain.For links to every news story, all of the details we shared about Dakotadon, and our fun fact check out https://iknowdino.com/Dakotadon-Episode-534/Join us at www.patreon.com/iknowdino for dinosaur requests, bonus content, ad-free episodes, and more.Dinosaur of the day Dakotadon, an ornithopod that was originally pronounced the "first species from the United States that can be clearly referred to the European genus Iguanodon".In dinosaur news this week:The newly named Tameryraptor is such a significant find that it could be considered the original Carcharodontosaurus This episode is brought to you by the Colorado Northwestern Community College. Join them for two weeks digging up dinosaur bones from the Jurassic Period in Northwest Colorado this summer. For details go to CNCC.edu/dinodigSee Privacy Policy at https://art19.com/privacy and California Privacy Notice at https://art19.com/privacy#do-not-sell-my-info.

Los palentólogos de la Fundación Dinópolis han excavado en Cabra de Mora (Teruel) el espécimen más “antiguo” del mundo (con unos 126 millones de años) del icónico dinosaurio Iguanodon. Además, se siguen descubriendo nuevos fósiles de este Iguanodon galvensis: una tibia de grandes dimensiones, varios huesos de la cintura escapular y elementos de la columna vertebral, entre otros. El director de la Fundación, Alberto Cobos, recrea este y otros recientes descubrimientos que confirman a Teruel y Aragón como punto de referencia en la paleontología mundial. Precisamente en Anzánigo, Huesca, paleontólogos del Grupo Aragosaurus (Unizar) han encontrado icnitas de especies equinas con más de 30 millones de años. Lo cuenta Miguel Moreno, director del Laboratorio Paleontológico de Loarre. 

Johnny Mac shares five positive news stories. Joe discovers a well-preserved Iguanodon footprint on a UK beach. A free children's bookstore opens in Maryland aiming to improve literacy among underserved children. Stanford chemists develop a scalable method to remove atmospheric CO2, potentially mitigating climate change. Conservationists save Darwin's frogs from extinction, celebrating new births at the London Zoo. Baby name experts predict the fastest rising names for the next decade. Tune in for these uplifting stories and more!00:00 Dinosaur Discovery00:59 Free Children's Bookstore in Maryland01:30 Stanford's Carbon Capture Breakthrough02:19 Saving Darwin's Frogs from Extinction02:45 Trending Baby Names for the Next Decade 

Je hebt er een jaar moeten op wachten, maar hier is dan eindelijk onze kolossale aflevering 7, stampvol dino-wetenschap: Megalosaurus! Iguanodon! Tyrannosaurus! Nanotyrannus! Dakotaraptor! Boeken! Fanvragen! Paleoart! Kortom, WE ZIJN TERUG!Meer info op YouTube: https://youtu.be/WCASawzvaFw© 2022-2025 Alexander Decommere & Koen Stein

Can anyone on our staff guess how many games Joel Embiid has missed in his career? Then, Lucy joins us to help determine what she'll be doing to get to the Super Bowl as part of Venmo's #LucyChallenege, and Greg has the perfect suggestion. Plus, crowdsourcing NIL, and Bill Belichick suggests changing the name of the Lombardi trophy. Also, do we owe Bronny James an apology or do the Lakers owe him a demotion? Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices

(image source: https://prehistoria.fandom.com/es/wiki/Dakotadon) Host Matthew Donald and guest co-host Ben O'Regan discuss Dakotadon, also known as the genus name that usurped the North American species of Iguanodon and thus any work featuring a North American Iguanodon retroactively is this. Hey, Aladar? You're a Dakotadon now. Take all the time you need to process this, bro. From the Early Cretaceous, this 20-foot iguanodontid is one of those examples of the bones being discovered and named far before the species is officially described, meaning those paleontologists in the 1800s digging up this guy in South Dakota thought they were Iguanodon but were this thing this whole time. If only they knew! Though frankly, I doubt they would care. Want to further support the show? Sign up to our Patreon for exclusive bonus content at Patreon.com/MatthewDonald. Also, you can get links to follow Matthew Donald and purchase his books at https://linktr.ee/matthewdonald. His latest book, Teslamancer, just released August 27th! And mild spoiler alert... there are kind of dinosaurs in it... mwuahahaha. Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

Nous sommes à la fin du mois de mars 1878, au charbonnage de Bernissart, en Hainaut, à la frontière française. Jules Créteur et Alphonse Blanchard sont en plein travail dans la fosse Sainte-Barbe. C'est en creusant une galerie à 322 m de profondeur qu'ils rencontrent une poche d'argile. Plutôt que de la contourner, les mineurs décident de la traverser. Après plusieurs jours de labeur , voilà qu'ils tombent sur des troncs d'arbres remplis d'or ! En réalité, Il s'agit de restes d'Iguanodons. Des os incrustés de pyrite, un minerai aux reflets dorés. Le 12 avril 1878, le Musée Royal d'histoire naturelle de Belgique est averti de l'extraordinaire découverte par télégramme. Il y aura un avant et un après Bernissart. Jusque-là décrit comme un lourd quadrupède cornu, Iguanodon, tout à coup, change de look. Dès lors, on l'imagine en bipède à l'allure d'un gigantesque kangourou. Une représentation qui perdurera jusqu'à la fin du vingtième siècle, mais la nouvelle conception, qui doit énormément aux découvertes de Bernissart, rejaillira sur la vision que les paléontologues auront sur beaucoup d'autres dinosaures. Même les expéditions spectaculaires dans l'Ouest américain n'avaient encore livré, en ces années 1870, que des squelettes partiels. Les iguanodons de Bernissart, eux, sont complets ! Et ils nous regardent encore, aujourd'hui. Retour sur une aventure hors du commun … Avec nous : Pascal Godefroid, paléontologue à l'Institut royal des Sciences naturelles de Belgique et membre de la classe des Sciences de l'Académie royale de Belgique. « Les iguanodons de Bernissart – Des fossiles et des hommes » ; Académie royale de Belgique. Sujets traités : Iguanodon, Bernissart,charbonnage, os, Jules Créteur, Alphonse Blanchard, pyrite, minerai, paléontologue, dinosaures Illustration: © Institut des Sciences naturelles de Bruxelles Merci pour votre écoute Un Jour dans l'Histoire, c'est également en direct tous les jours de la semaine de 13h15 à 14h30 sur www.rtbf.be/lapremiere Retrouvez tous les épisodes d'Un Jour dans l'Histoire sur notre plateforme Auvio.be : https://auvio.rtbf.be/emission/5936 Et si vous avez apprécié ce podcast, n'hésitez pas à nous donner des étoiles ou des commentaires, cela nous aide à le faire connaître plus largement.

Rise and shine, the LITC podcast is here again! We have some colourful and pretty gnarly palaeoart to show you from the spectacularly-named Tudor Humphries. For the interview, Marc and Natee discuss the lovely - and somewhat controversial - book The Iguanodon's Horn, with its author and illustrator, the award-winning Sean Rubin. Is making fun of outdated palaeoart tropes fair game? Will we keep comparing dinosaurs to fish? Why is there a tiger in Africa? Will Natee finally admit that T. R. is their favourite dinosaur? Are we big in Japan, like Godzilla? And will we ever, ever, ever, shut up about TetZooCon? Find out none of this and less in episode 36!   Show notes on the Chasmosaurs blog!

*DISCLAIMER* This week's episode is sure to ruffle some feathers. This is your ONLY reminder to be civil in the comments section. Respect other's beliefs, even if they condradict your own. :) Welcome back to the show! This week, we're diving into an eye-opening journey through the fascinating history of dinosaur discoveries and their surprising appearances in ancient art to ask one simple question: Did humans and dinosaurs co-exist? We delve into the origins of how dinosaurs were first identified, starting with Robert Plot's 1677 misidentification of a giant human bone to William Buckland's groundbreaking 1824 description of Megalosaurus. We trace the evolution of paleontology, highlighting key figures like Richard Owen, who coined the term "dinosaur" in 1842, and Gideon Mantell, who discovered Iguanodon, revolutionizing our understanding of these prehistoric giants. But that's not all! We'll explore astonishing depictions of dinosaur-like creatures in ancient art long before their "official" discovery. From Pieter Bruegel the Elder's 1562 painting "The Suicide of Saul" showing what seems to be humans riding sauropods, to Mesopotamian cylinder seals and the intriguing dinosaur engravings on Bishop Bell's tomb brass from the 15th century, the evidence is compelling. We'll also investigate the Narmer Palette of ancient Egypt and the mysterious Stegosaurus carving at Cambodia's Ta Prohm temple, challenging conventional scientific narratives. Join us as we unravel these historical puzzles and speculate on the coexistence of humans and dinosaurs. Whether you're a skeptic or a believer, this episode promises to ignite your curiosity and provoke thought. Don't miss out on this deep dive into the unknown, where history, science, and mythology intersect in surprising ways. --- TIME STAMPS: SPOTIFY 0:00 - Sound Board Check 1:14 - Did Humans and Dinosaurs Co-Exist? (Yes.) 1:52 - Spooky Ghost Podcast Intro Music 3:12 - Welcome Back, Homies 6:12 - Christian Attacks the South For No Reason 6:53 - The Discovery of "Dinosaurs" 10:47 - Dinosaur Depictions On Ancient Artifacts & Historical Relics 11:07 - Pieter Bruegel The Elder's Suic—e of Saul Painting Shows Sauropods 13:50 - The Mesopotamian Cylinder Seals 16:02 - Bishop Bell's Tomb Brass of Carlisle Cathedral (Interlocked Dinosaurs, Yet Again!) 19:52 - The Discovery of The Narmer Palette (3100 BC) 22:42 - The Stegasaurus Engraving in the Ta Prohm Cambodian Temple 23:57 - Pause & Google Stegosaurus of Ta Prohm  26:24 - The Dracorex Hogwartsia Skull of South Dakota 28:52 - A Question To Ponder (With an Open Mind) 31:46 - Atheist Louie Jacobs Quote From "Quest For The African Dinosaurs" c.2000 34:30 - Did a Meteor REALLY Cause Every Dinosaur to Go Extinct? (No..)36:39 - Christian Interrupts More Frequently When He Feels Attacked… 41:28 - Is GOD Responsible For Evolution..? 43:30 - Dr. Carl Werner's Book: Living Fossils 47:12 - The Dinosaurs Allegedly Farted Themselves into Extinction… 48:10 - Christian Hops on a "Climate Change" Soap Box 50:35 - A Sentence to Raise Christian's Blood Pressure, No Doubt 51:02 - If Your Demon's Scream at the Mention of a Christian Bible, Skip The Next Few Chapters 51:23 - Behemoth in The Book of Job 53:37 - Leviathan also in The Book of Job 55:49 - Could Super Croc Be Leviathan? Could it Breathe Fire? 56:06 - You Can't See It, But Christian is VISIBLY Heated Right Now 01:01:54 - Christian Ironically Says We Can't Trust Biblical Scholars Opinions, But We CAN Trust Scientists Opinions. Classic. 01:05:02 - Christian Provides 0 Context For Unicorn's in the Bible & Their Actual Translation. Look into it yourself.  01:05:14 - The Mind Bending Capabilities of Certain Animals 01:08:20 - What Really Caused The Mass Extinction of Dinosaurs? 01:09:42 - Need A Great Flood? I Noah Guy. 01:13:02 - Did We Hunt Dinosaurs Out of Existence (Life We Do MANY Animals?) 01:14:28 - Can Soft Tissue Survive 65,000,000 Years? (Short Answer: No) -------- Special Shoutout to Our Producer, Eric! You're a real one, and we truly appreciate you helping bring the show to life! If you want to become a producer, visit this link: http://bit.ly/3WZ3xTg Episode Producer: Eric Long -------- Armed with nothing more than a non-sensical soundboard, a fascination for all things unexplained, and a heaping dose of dry humor; TFD is a weekly paranormal comedy podcast featuring real ghost stories, Cryptid lore discussions, and true paranormal experiences catering to the week's theme. Fresh episodes drop every Thursday across all podcast platforms, and feature perspectives from both believer and skeptic sides of the aisle. So if you're a fan of haunted places, terrifying paranormal activity, and true ghost stories from real people, you're in the right place, friend. Recorded in an undisclosed location somewhere in the beautiful woods of Wasilla, Alaska. ++SUBMIT YOUR STORY FOR OUR LISTENER STORY EPISODES++ Email: thegang@thefreakydeaky.com Voicemail: 801-997-0051 ++WEBSITE & MERCH++ Website: www.thefreakydeaky.com Merch: www.thefreakydeaky.com/store ++FOLLOW OUR SOCIALS FOR EXCLUSIVES++ YouTube: https://bit.ly/3goj7SP Instagram: https://bit.ly/2HOdleo Facebook: https://bit.ly/3ebSde6 TFD Facebook Group: https://tinyurl.com/tfdfb TikTok: https://bit.ly/35lNOlu  

Ever hit a pothole on the road to self-improvement? Well, strap in with Kat and Moose as we regale you with tales of life's unexpected bumps, from audio mishaps to the exhilaration of rediscovering our physical potential. Our producer Sara jumps into the fray with a headphone mic, proving that when the tech goes awry, the show must go on – and it does, with a guitar-led trip down memory lane with Melissa Etheridge's tunes as our backdrop. Plus, we've got the scoop on how a change as simple as moving more can reignite your zest for life and work, and why sore muscles can be a signpost on the path to joy.If you've ever questioned the power of a good cry or the dance of delicate communication, this episode is your rhythm. With emotional revelations and a peek into the catharsis of tears, we unravel the threads of nonviolent communication and the art of expressing oneself. It's not just about airing grievances; it's a deeper dive into how we engage with our own emotions and those of others, particularly in the heat of conflict. And as if that's not enough, we'll connect the dots between Taylor Swift, Emily Dickinson, and perhaps most surprisingly, dinosaur footprints and a 'pickled' dinosaur brain.Prepare to have your curiosity tickled with stories of prehistoric discoveries on English beaches and the enigmatic survival of ancient brain matter. We ponder over what it means to find such relics from a bygone era and how they stir the imagination. But it's not all ancient history – we also tackle the modern phenomena of "concierge moms" and what this says about student independence. So, whether you're in for the science, the self-help, or just want to hear about Iguanodon (or is it an iguana named Don?), this episode has something to pique your interest. Join us for a journey of laughter, learning, and the occasional musical outburst.Support the showVisit us on the Interwebs! Follow us on Instagram and Facebook! Support the show!

Plumes irisées, duvet arc-en-ciel, écailles bleutées ou hérissées de pointes : galerie de portraits hauts en couleurs des plus récentes découvertes dans la fantastique famille des dinosaures. L'imagination des paléo artistes peut-elle rivaliser avec la stupéfiante réalité du Jurassique ?  Prenons des nouvelles des dinosaures ! Des plus emblématiques (T-rex, Triceraptor, Velociraptor ou Iguanodon) aux plus rares et étranges (Mimorapelta, Spinosaurus ou Carnotaurus), comment se les représenter ? Avec des plumes multicolores mais aussi à écailles hérissées de pointes, avec un duvet multicolore et une crête aux couleurs vives, il y en a pour tous les goûts, de toutes les couleurs et de toutes les tailles ! Des géants végétariens aux féroces carnivores, en passant par les dragons emplumés, que nous révèlent les plus récentes recherches et découvertes sur l'aspect, le comportement, les mœurs et le fonctionnement de ces animaux stupéfiants, monstrueux qui ont peuplé la Terre pendant plus de 180 millions d'années...?Avec Jean-Sébastien Steyer, paléontologue (MNHN/ CNRS) pour Le Grand Atlas des dinosaures paru chez Glénat.

Plumes irisées, duvet arc-en-ciel, écailles bleutées ou hérissées de pointes : galerie de portraits hauts en couleurs des plus récentes découvertes dans la fantastique famille des dinosaures. L'imagination des paléo artistes peut-elle rivaliser avec la stupéfiante réalité du Jurassique ?  Prenons des nouvelles des dinosaures ! Des plus emblématiques (T-rex, Triceraptor, Velociraptor ou Iguanodon) aux plus rares et étranges (Mimorapelta, Spinosaurus ou Carnotaurus), comment se les représenter ? Avec des plumes multicolores mais aussi à écailles hérissées de pointes, avec un duvet multicolore et une crête aux couleurs vives, il y en a pour tous les goûts, de toutes les couleurs et de toutes les tailles ! Des géants végétariens aux féroces carnivores, en passant par les dragons emplumés, que nous révèlent les plus récentes recherches et découvertes sur l'aspect, le comportement, les mœurs et le fonctionnement de ces animaux stupéfiants, monstrueux qui ont peuplé la Terre pendant plus de 180 millions d'années...?Avec Jean-Sébastien Steyer, paléontologue (MNHN/ CNRS) pour Le Grand Atlas des dinosaures paru chez Glénat.

You might not know sculptor Hannah Stewart, but you probably know her work. Hannah's wonderful Horsham creations include the St Leonard's Dragon in the centre of the maze in Horsham Park and the Iguanodon in Lintot Square in Southwater.  Hannah has also carried out many other private and public commissions over the last 20 or so years and her beautiful bronze sculptures can be found in all parts of the world.  In this episode we visited Hannah in her Horsham studio to find out more about her work and what life as a sculptor entails. To see her work and find out more visit https://www.hannahstewartsculpture.co.uk/

Zini the Incel Lemur, Audrey Hepburn in Iguanodon form, and the sassy black Styracosaurus are just a few of the memorable characters Christian, Donovan, and newcomer-to-the-show Harrison Chute encounter as they endure Dinosaur - one of Disney animation's most underwhelming and poorly titled offerings. (NOTE: The next episode won't come out till late September. Feel free to feed back in the meantime at the Earth-2.net forums or at disney@earth-2.net.)

(image source: https://bit.ly/3PfmRaG)Host Matthew Donald and guest co-host Lexi Ryan discuss Podokesaurus, the state dinosaur of Massachusetts, which really shows the lack of good fossils there and their sheer desperation in having a dino representative. From the Early Jurassic, this 3-foot coelophysid theropod was the first dinosaur discovered and described by a woman, which is definitely cool, although I bet Mary Ann Mantell is seething in the annals of history at her husband taking the credit for Iguanodon when she found its tooth fossils. The patriarchy is a real bitch.Want to further support the show? Sign up to our Patreon for exclusive bonus content at Patreon.com/MatthewDonald. Also, you can purchase Matthew Donald's dinosaur book "Megazoic" on Amazon by clicking here, its sequel "Megazoic: The Primeval Power" by clicking here, its third installment "Megazoic: The Hunted Ones" by clicking here, or its final installment "Megazoic: An Era's End" by clicking here, as well as his non-dinosaur-related book "Teslanauts" by clicking here. Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

In this 90th episode of SpaceTime with Stuart Gary's Series 26, we delve into an array of fascinating cosmic discoveries and scientific insights. 1. **Record-Breaking Gamma-Ray Burst:** Astronomers have registered the brightest gamma-ray burst ever observed, rewriting our understanding of these powerful cosmic events. We explore the implications of this groundbreaking discovery and what it can teach us about the extreme phenomena in our universe. 2. **Twin Planets Sharing an Orbit:** In an unprecedented discovery, astronomers may have located a distant star system with two exoplanets cohabitating the same orbit. We investigate this unique configuration and discuss how it challenges current theories of planetary dynamics. 3. **India's Lunar Leap:** India continues its foray into space with the successful launch of another mission to the Moon. We report on the details of this exciting mission and what it signifies for India's growing role in space exploration. 4. **The Science Report:** This episode's Science Report brings us the latest news from diverse fields. - **Sea Birds at Risk:** As marine plastic pollution intensifies, there are increasing concerns about its impact on seabirds. We look at the alarming studies indicating the dangers these birds face from our waste. - **Iberia's Ancient Matriarchy:** New evidence suggests that the ancient Iberians might have been governed by a female ruler, offering intriguing insights into the societal structures of prehistoric times. - **New Dinosaur Species:** Palaeontologists have identified a new species of Iguanodon, a duck-billed dinosaur in Spain, contributing to our understanding of the dinosaur era's biodiversity. - **Skeptic's Corner - Melatonin Dosage:** We delve into the skeptical view of the variability in melatonin doses, discussing its implications for health and wellness. Join us for this episode as we travel from the farthest reaches of the cosmos to the ancient past, unraveling the mysteries of the universe and our place within it. Gamma-Ray Burst, Exoplanets, Lunar Mission, India Space Exploration, Marine Plastic Pollution, Ancient Iberia, New Dinosaur Species, Melatonin Dosage Variability.

(image source: https://bit.ly/44PPyQG) Host Matthew Donald and guest co-host Cici Eilert discuss Rhabdodon, the Iguanodon equivalent of the Maastrichtian age and an archetypal example of insular gigantism. None of that statement made any sense to dinosaur or biology normies, I'm sure. From the Late Cretaceous, this 20-foot ornithopod lived in the European islands around the Hateg basin and had to deal with giant azhdarchid pterosaurs plucking its young off the ground on occasion. Sounds like one of these paradises that turns out to be terrible. You know that old trope? Like the classic silent film Metropolis. Or the daycare in Toy Story 3. Want to further support the show? Sign up to our Patreon for exclusive bonus content at Patreon.com/MatthewDonald. Also, you can purchase Matthew Donald's dinosaur book "Megazoic" on Amazon by clicking here, its sequel "Megazoic: The Primeval Power" by clicking here, its third installment "Megazoic: The Hunted Ones" by clicking here, or its final installment "Megazoic: An Era's End" by clicking here, as well as his non-dinosaur-related book "Teslanauts" by clicking here. Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

(image source: https://dinosaurpictures.org/Iguanodon-pictures)Host Matthew Donald and guest co-host Lawrence Mack discuss Iguanodon, a dinosaur that's not an iguana nor known for its teeth, so its chosen name is a real mystery. From the Early Cretaceous, this 30-foot ornithopod was one of the first dinosaurs discovered and was a bulky bro for sure, able to get in some good licks and slashes with its spiked thumb and burly arms. What a real man! Toxic masculinity, ain't it great? No, it's not, not for you or for anyone. Want to further support the show? Sign up to our Patreon for exclusive bonus content at Patreon.com/MatthewDonald. Also, you can purchase Matthew Donald's dinosaur book "Megazoic" on Amazon by clicking here, its sequel "Megazoic: The Primeval Power" by clicking here, its third installment "Megazoic: The Hunted Ones" by clicking here, or its final installment "Megazoic: An Era's End" by clicking here, as well as his non-dinosaur-related book "Teslanauts" by clicking here. Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

Are you ready to go back in time? Then let's jump into our next episode & set our time machines back 164 million years ago. This is where we'll find an Iguanodon-like dinosaur named the Callovosaurus. Now please be sure to buckle-up & hold on tight, because this Jurassic Period Time Machine is going to take us on a rocky adventure!!

Credits: Written by Annabel Worth and Kirsten Huffer Read by Annabel Audio editing by Emma Pratt This piece concerns the Iguanodon fossil cast in the Sedgwick museum. "For us this was a really important story to tell, as it highlights how the university has benefited, and continues to benefit, from slavery and colonialism, in a way that is usually hidden. One can appreciate the object itself, marvel at its great size, thinking how amazing it is that something like this ever existed, and be excited about all it has taught us about dinosaur biomechanics and movement, but we believe it is necessary to recognise its history, as well as past wrongdoing by the university and others. Despite the obvious benefits of having such a wonderful cast in our possession, both in terms of academic study and inspiring and exciting the public, this piece's origins are complex and dark. As you will hear, the dinosaur could be considered part of Leopold II's attempt to encourage his European neighbours to overlook the suffering being inflicted on the people of the Congo at the end of the 19th century - something which deserves to be acknowledged."

Crystal Palace Dinosaurs with Mark Witton We have covered palaeoart here from time to time and the process of producing images of dinosaurs and other prehistoric life (as both technical illustrations and more creative life reconstructions) but one of the most important of these gets far too little attention. In the 1800s life size replicas of dozens of ancient animals were put up in a park in south London and are still there today. Palaeontologist and palaeoartist Mark Witton joins us to talk about this history, their importance, why they are falling apart and the efforts to conserve them. Happily he's put out a book on this very subject, the research for which has revealed surprising and important new details about these first models of dinosaurs.    Links: Mark on Twitter  https://twitter.com/MarkWitton Mark's webpages: https://www.markwitton.co.uk Friends of Crystal Palace Dinosaurs website https://linktr.ee/cpdinosaurs

British iguanodontids with Joe Bonsor We have touched on Iguanodon before as one of the earliest named dinosaurs and an animal with some interesting relatives and famously spiky thumbs but they never really got the attention that they should have done (from us at least). Enter Joe Bonsor who is finishing off his PhD on these very animals and trying to sort out the utter mess that is the taxonomy of the iguanodontians in the UK. We dive into this with some surprising conclusions and interesting news about what Joe has found (no spoilers, you'll have to listen) and we go through some of the earliest dinosaur history and give some well-deserved coverage of the great Gideon Mantell. Links: Joe on Twitter https://twitter.com/palaeojoe Joe's blogpost on his PhD https://palaeojoe.wordpress.com/2020/07/30/yes-but-what-do-you-actually-do/ To support the show please write a review, share this with your friends and join us on Patreon.  https://www.patreon.com/terriblelizards  

They're big. They're fierce. And they're extinct. This is how today's guest - palaeontologist, evolutionary biologist and Senior Editor of the science journal Nature, Henry Gee, sums up why we have a continued fascination with dinosaurs.Join Tristan and Henry as they take a deep dive into their top five dinosaurs - from the Iguanodon to the Tyrannosaurus rex, plus a few surprises along the way.For more Ancients content, subscribe to our Ancients newsletter here. If you'd like to learn even more, we have hundreds of history documentaries, ad free podcasts and audiobooks at History Hit - subscribe today!While you're here, to be in with a chance of winning 5 Historical Non Fiction Books (with one being a signed copy of Dan Snow's On This Day in History), please fill our this short survey so we can try and make your listening experience even better. Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

Episode 173 – 10 Facts Every Christian Needs to Know 1 Welcome to Anchored by Truth brought to you by Crystal Sea Books. In John 14:6, Jesus said, “I am the way, the truth, and the life.” The goal of Anchored by Truth is to encourage everyone to grow in the Christian faith by anchoring themselves to the secure truth found in the inspired, inerrant, and infallible word of God. Script: Then God said: Let there be light, and there was light. God saw that the light was good. God then separated the light from the darkness. God called the light “day,” and the darkness he called “night.” Evening came, and morning followed—the first day. Genesis, chapter 1, verses 3 through 5, New American Bible Revised Edition ******** VK: Hello! I’m Victoria K. Welcome to Anchored by Truth brought to you by Crystal Sea Books. We’re excited to be with you today as we begin a new series on Anchored by Truth. So, to announce the series and tell us why we are doing it, we have RD Fierro in the studio. RD is an author and the founder of Crystal Sea Books. RD, you’ve entitled this series “10 Facts Every Christian Needs to Know.” This ought to be fascinating. I’m not sure how many facts there are that pertain to the Christian faith but way more than 10. How in the world are you going to pick 10 from the hundreds or thousands of facts that are relevant to those who put their trust in Christ? RD: Well, I’d first like to start by expressing my gratitude for everyone who is joining us here today whether on the radio broadcast or the podcast. And you are absolutely right that there are hundreds, thousands, or perhaps hundreds of thousands of facts that shape and fill the Christian faith. And that is the one of the points that we want to make by doing this series. The Christian faith is a faith of facts. VK: Well, that’s an interesting phrase – “a faith of facts.” That phrase alone starts to raise questions. I think most people would see or draw a distinction between faith and facts. RD: And I think you’re right about that. Many people in our world think that if we’re talking about faith and facts we’re talking about two different categories of ideas. But that is a modern fiction. The great theologians through the ages have always recognized that authentic, saving faith has three dimensions. Authentic, saving faith consists of content, assent to the content, and trust in that content. Well, the content of authentic, saving faith must consist of facts or it’s not faith at all. It might be gullibility, credulity, or imaginative fantasy but it is not faith. If someone says I believe moon fairies visit me at night and sprinkle glow berries at the foot of my bed, that’s not faith. And if someone chooses to label that kind of belief as “faith” it’s certainly not what the Bible means, or classic Christian theology means, when we use the term. VK: And while critics might assert that we are playing word games there is a very concrete distinction between Biblical faith and the “glow berry” kind. Christian faith always begins with and ends with the truth. Truth is that which corresponds to reality. We make this point regularly on Anchored by Truth. It is a critical distinction. Belief in moon fairies and glow berries might give a small child a distraction but it won’t help an adult struggling with addiction, or financial troubles, or a sick loved one, or comfort with a desperate illness. Authentic, saving faith will help with all of those situations and a great many more. RD: So, when we say that Christianity is a faith with facts we are saying that it is a faith grounded in the real world – in time and place – but it is nevertheless a faith that recognizes that there is a real realm that is outside of the created order that is perceived through the senses. We know the reality of that other realm from the Bible which is why we must become so familiar with the Bible that we can use its truth to guide us through our lives in the created order until Jesus brings us safely into that unseen realm at his side. VK: So, during this series you want to give people a group of facts that will help them reinforce their confidence in their faith and in the Bible. You don’t see this series so much as evangelistic tool – though it could help with that – as much as you do helping believers fend off the world’s attacks on their faith. RD: Yes. Classically the believer’s enemies are the world, the flesh, and the devil. Well, in the modern “world” the world’s enmity with Christ has been steadily escalating. The contemporary reliance on instantaneous and mass media has allowed false messages to move instantly and continuously. And one of the messages with which Christians are bombarded today is the whole notion of what is sometimes termed “deep time.” VK: Deep time is essentially the idea that the universe and the earth are billions of years old. The secular world must have deep time in order to maintain the illusion that the General Theory of Evolution is plausible. Evolution needs billions of years of time to change bacteria into biologists. The only supposed creative force evolution has is beneficial mutation - in other words the random interaction of unthinking matter. To make the whole evolutionary hypothesis plausible the scheme needs lots of time. Lots of time is necessary so that lots of those random, chaotic, interactive events can take place. They need untold trillions of those interactions in the hope that a few of them will produce a living being so complex that the code that describe its construction can contain 3 billion data elements. RD: The task to turn an amoeba into an anthropologist is even more formidable than just having the 3 billion base pairs that comprise human DNA properly organized and functioning. When DNA was first discovered it was thought to be similar to other chemical components of living beings. The initial idea was that somehow the chemistry controlled the biology. VK: But we now know with absolute certainty that the chemistry of DNA is not sufficient to explain its operation within the human body or any other living creature for that matter. Just as the chemistry of ink and paper does not control the message printed on the paper, the chemistry of DNA does not control the messages it provides. DNA is far more akin to a language that conveys information to other chemical structures and its complexity goes well beyond its numerical attributes. RD: Yes. And we’re going to get more into that in a future show. But for today I just want to stick with the issue of time and specifically that there is abundant scientific evidence that deep time does not exist. The best science tells us, in fact, that the Biblical time frame is far more reasonable that the secular alternatives. So, the first fact that every Christian needs to know is that science confirms that the universe and earth are thousands of years old, not millions or billions. VK: Ok. That’s a very bold proclamation given that probably 95% of the people who call themselves scientists would probably disagree with it. RD: I recognize that. And it would be a lot easier for us at Anchored by Truth to simply go along with conventional thinking. But as we started out saying Christianity is a faith of facts and the facts of science are not helpful to a billions of years old earth. VK: I think we better get into some specific examples of what you’re thinking about. RD: I agree. So, today we’re going to talk about 3 specific lines of evidence that demonstrate that the earth is far more likely thousands of years old than billions of years old. And the 3 lines we’re going to talk about are all mentioned in an article on the Creation Ministries International website entitled “age of the earth.” VK: And we are going to put a link to that article on the podcast notes that accompany the podcast version of this show. So, if your podcast app supports written notes you can just go to them and find a link. If not, the Creation Ministries International website is creation.com and you can just search for “age of the earth.” RD: Right. So, the article we’re linking to contains references to these 3 lines of evidence but the article itself actually contains 101 forms of evidence that earth is far younger than normally thought. VK: We don’t have time on one of our shows to go through 101 lines of evidence, do we? RD: Nope. So, I just wanted to pick a few of the many, many lines of evidence just to give our audience a sample of why they don’t need to accept the proclamation of the world that directly challenges a straightforward reading of the book of Genesis. VK: So, what is the first line of evidence you want to discuss? RD: The first thing that demonstrates that the conventional understanding of the age of the earth is in error is that biologists and paleontologists have recovered blood cells, blood vessels, and proteins from dinosaur remains that were supposedly millions of years old. But even the scientist, who made the discovery, Mary Schweitzer, has admitted that contemporary science has no explanation for how such tissue could have survived intact for 65 million years which was the supposed age of the bone. VK: And since that first discovery of dinosaur soft tissue in the mid-1990’s many other similar discoveries have followed. The first discovery of dinosaur soft tissue was in a T. Rex bone but since then they have found intact soft tissue in other species as well. RD: Right. The Tyrannosaurus Rex bone that contained the first soft tissue discovered was supposedly 65 million years old. But then they discovered the protein collagen in the bone of a hadrosaur which was purportedly 80 million years old. That has been followed by the discovery of the protein osteocalcin in an Iguanodon bone that is thought to be 120 million years old – twice as old as the T. Rex. VK: The dilemma for the scientists is how could such soft tissue have survived for those enormous amounts of time? In his book, The Greatest Hoax on Earth, Dr. Jonathan Sarfati says, “Yet analysis of collagen stability shows that it would last only 2.7 [million years] at freezing point under the most favorable preservation conditions. At 10 [degrees centigrade] the limit was 180,000 years and 15,000 years at 20 [degrees centigrade]; [it is normally thought] dinosaurs were supposed to live in a warm climate.” RD: So, the discovery of soft tissue in dinosaur bones, and not just in one but in many, poses a huge challenge for conventional time periods. But it poses no challenge for Biblical time frames. While Biblical scholars are not uniform on their dating schedules it’s fair to say that most scholars believe the earth is about 6,500 years old. But let’ just say that they were off 1 or 2 thousand years. That still does not pose a problem for the preservation of the soft tissue. The analyses of the preservation possibilities even under the warmer conditions allows easily for the tissue to be preserved for the Biblical time frame. And it is reasonable to say that the availability of the dinosaur soft tissue is far more consistent with the time frames laid out in the Bible than with any of the secular speculations. VK: At this point we should remind the listeners that whether the dinosaur soft tissue was thousands of years old or millions no one alive on the earth today was there to see it. So, all that any scientist, or anyone else for that matter, can do is to look at current evidence and see how that evidence fits in with a particular hypothesis or theory. And all scientists, whether they are Christians or not, look at evidence through a lens comprised of a set of starting axioms. The evidence might be consistent with the expectations that arise from those starting axioms or it might not be. What we are pointing out here is that, contrary to popular belief, the preservation of soft tissue from dinosaurs creates many additional questions for the conventional time frames but none at all for Biblical ones. So, what’s next? RD: Well, another conundrum for the conventional idea that the earth and universe are billions of years old is what is often termed “the faint young sun paradox.” VK: A “young sun paradox” – this should be interesting. RD: It is. Let’s start out by noting that one commonly accepted idea for how the sun generates energy is by nuclear fusion – the combination of hydrogen atoms into helium atoms deep within the core of the sun. According to Einstein’s famous equation, E=mc2, as the thermonuclear fusion occurs massive amounts of energy are released. But the combination of multiple hydrogen atoms into few helium atoms takes up less space. So, over billions of years the sun would shrink in size but it would increase in brightness. As the sun increased in brightness its energy output would increase meaning the energy that would hit the earth would increase. VK: So, the “faint young sun” means that if the sun-earth system were really 4.5 billion years old as conventional dating asserts the sun would have been far less bright billions of years ago. It would have been “fainter” in the earth’s sky 4 billion years ago than it is today. A fainter, weaker sun would mean a lot cooler earth. So, the question is how much cooler would the earth have been? RD: Reasonable estimates say the earth would have received anywhere from 20% – 30% less sunlight than it does today. VK: And how much cooler would the earth have been with that much less sunlight? RD: The current average temperature of the earth is about 60 degrees Fahrenheit. With 25% less sunlight the average temperature of the earth would have been below freezing – about 25 degrees Fahrenheit. In other words with a sun that is 20% to 30% less bright the entire globe would have been glaciated – essentially a solid ball of ice. That certainly would not have been a condition in which any kind of life would have developed much less spread widely and begun to create the kind of biodiversity we see on the earth today. VK: In fact, most scientists believe that the primordial world was much warmer than it is today. Whenever we see movies with dinosaur scenes in them we are always regaled with lush, tropical vegetation surrounding them. But, of course, there is a “faint young sun” paradox only if the earth is billions of years old. If the earth is only several thousands of years old the way the Bible tells us the paradox never arises. There is simply not sufficient time for the sun to have been any different than it is today. Well, I’m sure secular scientists are aware of this difficulty so how do they respond? RD: The most common response is that the level of greenhouse gases in the primordial earth’s atmosphere was much, much higher than today. This higher level of greenhouse gas provided a much thicker “blanket” than our current atmosphere does. But the problem is that the level of greenhouse gases needed to compensate for the lower luminosity is hundreds of times the present atmospheric levels of such gases. Not only is that an inconceivable proposition but according to analyses information from so-called “ancient soils” does not give any indication of dramatically greater levels of carbon dioxide which is the most abundant greenhouse gas. Recently, newer solutions have been proposed involving only slightly higher levels of greenhouse gases but with a lower level of planetary albedo. Albedo is the reflective level of the atmosphere. With lower albedo more sunlight would penetrate the atmosphere and keep things warmer. VK: Does this solve the problem? RD: Not really. The models that have been proposed use a one-dimensional form of climate modeling but all responsible climate models use a three-dimensional model. In our podcast notes we’ll link to a couple of articles on creation.com but this a comment from one of the articles entitled The Faint Young Sun Paradox and the Age of the Solar System. “…any climate model, other than a three-dimensional general circulation model with a realistic ocean, biosphere, and cryosphere (the snow/ice component), is inaccurate. For example, such a one-dimensional model ignores important feedbacks, such as the powerful ice albedo feedback. As snow and ice increase, the albedo increases to cause further cooling.” VK: Ok. Well, just to remind everyone today we’re discussing the first fact in our new series “10 facts every Christian needs to know.” And the first fact that you believe all Christians need to firmly grasp is that there is abundant scientific evidence that confirms that the universe and earth are thousands of years old, not millions or billions of year old. And the reason this fact is so important is because the General Theory of Evolution needs billions of years to perform its magic of turning colliding molecules into computer scientists. Without these billions of years – deep time as it is sometimes called – even the evolutionists admit their paradigm wouldn’t work. So, the evidence we’re providing today demonstrates that that deep time just isn’t reflected in what we see in the created order that surrounds us. So, we have time to do one more line of evidence. Where do you want to go now? RD: Let’s talk about what is termed “lunar recession.” After the first missions to the moon we were able to place mirrors on the moon that allow us to bounce laser pulses off them. We can then measure very precisely the length of time it takes the returning photons to reach the earth and thereby determine with a high degree of precision the distance between the earth and the moon. So, we’ve done that and we now know that the moon is moving away from the earth about 1.5 inches per year. VK: Now if the earth-moon system is only several thousand years old as the Bible tells us one and a half inches a year is no big deal. But, if the earth-moon system is billions of years old all that changes. And the conventional understanding is that the earth is 4.5 billion years old. Right? RD: Right. In fact, lunar recession means that in a system billions of years old the moon would have been a lot closer to the earth than it is today. The calculations about the movement of the moon place a maximum age on the earth-moon system at about 1.4 billion years old. At that point the moon would have been below the Roche limit. The Roche limit is the distance from a central body, such as a planet, inside of which orbiting debris cannot coalesce. In other words, the moon would have been torn apart if had been below the Roche limit. As a result of this various theories have been proposed to explain how the earth and moon have arrived in their current configuration in such precise balance. But none of these theories such as the “capture” theory or adjusting the earth’s tidal parameters resolve the problem. VK: We have to remember that the moon is the principle cause of tidal action on the earth and it is well understood that tidal action is important to the earth’s eco-system. If the moon had been a lot closer to the earth in the past there would have been enormous tides – tides so large they would have swept over huge portions of the land. That would have been devastating for the formation of any land dwelling creatures. But we also know that tides are important for keeping the boundary between the earth and land healthy and beneficial for life as it exists. The harmony between the earth and moon is an essential part of making life on this earth possible. RD: Again, lunar recession in an earth-moon system thousands of years old is not a problem. The relative position change of the two bodies is negligible. But try to take that back millions or billions of years and now there are lots of difficulties that arise that must be explained away. This is a problem for science because the mantra of contemporary science is uniformitarianism. The present is the key to the past. VK: But the present is not the key to the past for an earth-moon system where the current recession rate of the moon puts a limit on the age of the system that rules out evolutionary time scales. RD: Yes. So, these are just three of the lines of evidence that show that good science supports an age for the earth that is consistent with the Bible but a challenge for the most widely held conventional beliefs. Now, notice I’m being careful about how I say this. Present empirical observations cannot “prove” the age of the earth. Only an eyewitness to events could do that. All empirical observations are made by observers in the present who must integrate the information they get from current observations into what we might receive from recorded events and then interpret that information. But notice that the three lines of evidence that we have mentioned today pose no problems for a Biblical timeframe but do so for evolutionary schedules. And these are just 3 of the lines of evidence out of the 101 lines that are contained in the article we first mentioned. And that article, even with the 101 points of evidence it covers, is illustrative and not exhaustive. The big point – the fact every Christian needs to know is that there is abundant scientific evidence that the earth is only thousands of years old, not billions of years old. And this fact alone destroys any possibility of evolution as it is normally envisioned. Evolution needs deep time. But empirical observations, even when aligned with a typical uniformitarian perspective, do not provide deep time. Empirical observations just pose one problem after another and each solution that is proposed to resolve them tends to raise more problems that must be resolved. None of that is necessary for those who simply trust the Bible’s historicity. VK: Well, as you said the only way to know when the earth was created would be from an eyewitness and that’s what the Bible provides. God was there at the beginning and the Bible is His testimony to the world of what He did. It’s up to us to decide whether we will accept His testimony to us or continue to shove Him aside in favor of our manufactured idols such as evolution or deep time. There is really no need to do that scientifically despite what our culture continually insists. As we always do we want to close with prayer. Today let’s listen to a prayer of adoration for the Holy Spirit who is the One who hovered over the water and testifies to us that it was God who is the one and only Creator of everything. ---- PRAYER OF ADORATION FOR THE HOLY SPIRIT VK: Before we close we’d like to remind our audience that a lot of our radio episodes are linked together in series of topics so if they missed any episodes in this series or if they just want to hear one again, all of these episodes are available on your favorite podcast app. To find them just search on “Anchored by Truth by Crystal Sea Books.” If you’d like to hear more, try out crystalseabooks.com where “We’re not perfect but our Boss is!” (Opening Bible Quotes from the New American Bible Revised Edition) Genesis, chapter 1, verses 3 through 5, New American Bible Revised Edition Age of the earth - creation.com Young sun paradox - creation.com The young faint Sun paradox and the age of the solar system - creation.com The moon's recession and age - creation.com Paleozoic Corals and Lunar Recession - creation.com C14 dinos - creation.com

Ash & Cory are here again to profile another dinosaur, this time a real trendsetter in that they were one of the first dinosaurs ever discovered, Iguanodon. There's also talk on subjects like Cadillac Fairview, Dragon-sharks and big hands.

Heute steht Iguanodon vor Noras Tür. Iguanodon bedeutet “Leguanzahn” und er heißt so, weil seine Zähne so aussehen wie die Zähne von Leguanen. Aber konnte Iguanodon auch seine Farbe wechseln, so wie es Leguanmännchen können? Das fragen wir Oliver, den Dino-Forscher. Denn heute beantwortet wir bei “Ding Dong Dino” auch alle Fragen rund um die Haut, Haare und Federn von Sauriern. Wenn du auch eine Frage an Oliver hast, schick uns gerne eine Mail an podcast.dingdongdino@gmail.com

Australia's own Muttaburrasaurus races international star Iguanodon across farmland, rocky mountains and rivers. Which hefty herbivore has what it takes to win the Dino Dome cup… or could some farm animals steer them both off course?

Australia's own Muttaburrasaurus races international star Iguanodon across farmland, rocky mountains and rivers. Which hefty herbivore has what it takes to win the Dino Dome cup… or could some farm animals steer them both off course?

The star of this week's award-winning podcast has a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame. The protagonist on this nationally acclaimed ear organism of an episode has squared off against both the Avengers and the Fantastic Four… Gojira, Kaiju, the king of the monsters, gorilla whale, big mother sticker with much junk in the truck… Whatever you want to call him (*oh shoot) (*he/she/it/plant/Mars Bar/artificial limb…fook knows what the correct pro-noun is currently), one thing we can all agree on…Godzilla takes shits bigger than Kane's nose…Sorry bro. Cheap shot. This week it is James's choice, and he has picked the 90's cartoon; ‘Godzilla: The Series'. This pretty much picks up where the 90's film finished off. James did a James this week and we all watched different episodes of the series. Some of us watched, ‘An Early Frost' and some of us reviewed ‘Web Site'. We are as well prepared as Godzilla doing a Dr. Pepper advert. You read that correctly. I've got a few words to play with so I'm doing it…: Godzilla was originally going to be a giant, mutated octopus called Dan. Godzilla is a cross between a Tyrannosaurus, an Iguanodon, a Stegosaurus, and alligator and Dale Winton. Facts. Whilst I am at it, palaeontologist Mike P Taylor, claims that the limb cartilage in a Godzilla-sized animal would be crushed “like over-ripe watermelons” by its own body weight and therefor the G-man could never exist. Fuck you, Mike. I bet the P stands for twat. Have a listen to the pod for the usual bollocks, ‘would you rather', ‘would I lie to you' and all that other jazz. If you like a professional podcast, I wouldn't bother with this. If you don't care about quality but love a ‘little person' joke, then pull up a chair.

Belgische mijnwerkers deden in de kolenmijn van het stadje Bernissart een geweldige ontdekking: er lag een kudde van tientallen Iguanodons begraven. Maarten en Gijs bezoeken deze reusachtige planteneters in Brussel en vragen zich af: hoe zijn deze dieren om het leven gekomen?Trots van België De Iguanodons zijn dé trots van België en van het Koninklijk Belgisch Instituut voor Natuurwetenschappen - een lange naam voor wat in feite het allergrootste dino-museum van Europa is. In Brussel dwaal je door een immense, klassieke zaal vol dinosauriërs - zo staan er een Allosaurus, T-rex en Diplodocus - maar de show wordt gestolen door de verstilde groep grote planteneters, die rechtop staan opgesteld, in de ‘kangoeroehouding'. Duimnagel als wapen?Zo hóren ze niet te staan, weten Gijs en Maarten inmiddels, maar paleontoloog Koen Stein legt uit waarom ze de Iguanodons toch in deze houding hebben gelaten. En hij vertelt ons van alles over het dier: van het eetgedrag - met ‘ruitvormige' tanden - tot het vreemde wapen dat Iguanodon tot zijn beschikking had: een spitse duimnagel ongeveer zo groot als je onderarm. Hoe stierven ze?Ook onthult Koen de theorie die Brusselse wetenschappers hebben over het overlijden van deze dieren. Dat is namelijk tegelijk gebeurd en er zijn genoeg aanwijzingen voor een bizar scenario. In deze aflevering nemen we je mee terug naar deze fatale gebeurtenissen. Over de historische ontdekkingDe ontdekking van deze dieren, diep in de kolenmijn, veroorzaakte een schok in België - een ‘jonge natie' die pas enkele decennia bestond. En historicus Shana van Hauwermeiren beschrijft ons wat er gebeurde van het eerste moment van ontdekking (de mijnwerkers dachten eerst dat ze goud hadden gevonden, zo is de legende) tot aan de bouw en opstelling in het museum in Brussel. De Iguanodons groeiden uit tot een spectaculaire publieksattractie, tot jaloezie van de Fransen. De mijn van Bernissart lag 20 km van de Franse grens verwijderd en zij zagen de hele kudde dus nét aan hun neus voorbij gaan.Iguanodons door de jaren heenEn… omdat Iguanodon één van de eerste dino's was die werd ontdekt, hebben wetenschappers al ruim honderd jaar lang geprobeerd hem af te beelden - samen met paleo-kunstkenner Esther van Gelder gaan we op reis langs al die afbeeldingen van Iguanodon: van een plompe, trage neushoorn tot het ranke dier in de verbeeldingen van nu. Hoewel, ‘rank'... daar zijn Maarten en Gijs het natuurlijk niet over eens. Zie het privacybeleid op https://art19.com/privacy en de privacyverklaring van Californië op https://art19.com/privacy#do-not-sell-my-info.

For links to every news story, all of the details we shared about Draconyx, links from David Randall, and our fun fact check out https://iknowdino.com/Draconyx-Episode-396/Join us at www.patreon.com/iknowdino for dinosaur requests, bonus content, ad-free episodes, and more.Dinosaur of the day Draconyx, a relatively small relative of Iguanodon.Interview with David Randall, a senior reporter at Reuters and the author of several books, including “The Monster's Bones: The Discovery of T. rex and How It Shook Our World"This episode is brought to you in part by Varsity Tutors. Varsity Tutors offers one-week-long, small group camps on fun, educational topics. Kids get all the benefits of summer camp from the convenience of home. Go to varsitytutors.com and use promo code IKNOWDINO at checkout to save $50 on any summer camp.See Privacy Policy at https://art19.com/privacy and California Privacy Notice at https://art19.com/privacy#do-not-sell-my-info.

0:00:00 - Dino Experts Share Jurassic World Dominion Opinions, Talk Fan Theories & Elaborate On New Dinosaurs (SPOILERS) | #Podcast 0:00:31 - Two dinosaur experts give their opinions of the new Jurassic World Dominion movie 0:00:58 - Thoughts on Dr. Alan Grant still being in love with Dr. Ellie Sattler after all these years? 0:01:26 - Opinion of Colin Trevorrow as the director of the Jursassic World Dominion movie? 0:01:45 - What was the audience reaction like at the Jurassic World dominion world premiere? 0:03:33 - How would you rank Jurassic World Dominion against the other Jurassic Park movies? 0:04:43 - Were you sad that they did not bring back John Hammond's grandkids Tim and Lex from the original movie? 0:05:17 - Do you wish the Camp Cretaceous cast was brought to life on the big screen to intersect their story line with the Jurassic Park and Jurassic World casts? 0:06:23 - Fan Theory: The Ankylosaurus we saw in Jurassic World Dominion was the same Ankylosaurus named bumpy from Camp Cretaceous? 0:06:51 - Fan Theory: The kid that Grant told to be respectful of raptors in the original Jurassic Park grew up to be Owen Grady or Victor “Vic” Hoskins in Jurassic World 0:07:42 - Fan Theory: The Dilophosaurus didn't attack Nedry at first because with his hood on, he roughly looked like a potential mate 0:09:29 - Do you think any dinosaur could be trained to play fetch? 0:10:16 - What are your thoughts about how they brought the Barbasol can back into Jurassic Park Dominion? 0:12:08 - Is it possible in principle to retrieve dinosaur or Woolly Mammoth DNA? 0:13:57 - Is a 10,000 volt electric fence really enough of a deterrent to stop an angry Tyrannosaurus Rex? 0:15:20 - Could a Tyrannosaurus Rex jump or swim? 0:16:38 - Tell me everything you know about the Giganotosaurus 0:17:37 - Who would really win a fight between the Giganotosaurus and Tyrannosaurus Rex? 0:18:29 - How accurate do you think the Jurassic World Dominion prologue was? 0:19:11 - Can you put the time span between dinosaurs into perspective? 0:23:28 - Tell me everything you know about Therizinosaurus? 0:24:26 - Why would evolution have favorited Therizinosaurus's very long claws? 0:28:29 - What are some of the kind of things that paleontologists have learned about the way an animal lived, from its fossil record 0:29:27 - What was the smartest dinosaur? 0:33:20 - Did they make the Terrazzinosauris overly aggressive in the movie? 0:33:54 - Tell us everything you know about the Quetzalcoatlus? 0:39:15 - Are you surprised by how many dinosaurs ate fish but lived on land? 0:40:31 - Do you think the Spinosaurus could beat the Giganotosaurus? 0:42:35 - Tell me everything you know about the JP raptors? 0:45:28 - What's your opinion of the Pyroraptor design? 0:46:16 - What's the story with the naming of the Utahraptor and Steven Speilgburg? 0:47:49 - Who are the leading real paleontologists in the field right now? 0:49:01 - In what location are most of the dinosaurs we know of found? 0:50:39 - Do you think we should work the Nevada Dromaeosaur into a slot machine design? 0:52:04 - Let's talk about the Carnotaurus vs Allosaurus fight! 0:53:47 - Tell us everything about Pachycephalosaurus and Stygimoloch 0:55:29 - Why would evolution have favored a Sinoserotops single horn design? 0:56:21 - Tell us everything you know about Ankylosaurus 0:57:24 - Tell us everything you know about Dimetrodon 0:59:27 - Is it true that the Iguanodon is the first dinosaur ever found? 1:00:24 - Tell me about the Las Vegas Natural History Museum

Let's grab our Iguanodon thumbs and plant a spring cycad garden! That's because this dinosaur species has a unique conical-like thumb claw. The Iguanodon which means "Iguana Tooth" was first thought to be a gigantic Iguana after they discovered its iguana-like teeth back in 1822. That's 200 years ago!!Print off your free dinosaur review scorecard here: https://www.stompchomproar.com/post/the-dinosaur-review-for-kids-podcast

Chrissie gives you a quick overview of the Iguanodon and its discoverer, Mary Ann Mantell. Read the essay here: https://historywiththeszilagyis.org/hwts100 Find us on Twitter:The Network: @BQNPodcasts The Show: @HistorySzilagyi. Chrissie: @TheGoddessLivia. Jason: @JasonDarkElf.Send topic suggestions via Twitter or on our Facebook page History with the Szilagyis.History with the Szilagyis is supported by our patrons: Susan Capuzzi-De ClerckEd ChinevereLaura DullKris HillJoin these wonderful supporters by visiting patreon.com/historywiththeszilagyis. The BQN Podcast Collective is brought to you by our listeners. Special thanks to these patrons on Patreon whose generous contributions help to produce this podcast and the many others on our network! AnonymousTim CooperChrissie De Clerck-SzilagyiThad HaitPeter HongMahendran RadhakrishnanJim McMahonJoe MignoneGreg MolumbyJustin OserTom Van ScotterYou can join this illustrious list by becoming a patron here: https://www.patreon.com/BQN

For links to every news story, all of the details we shared about Efraasia, links from Filippo Bertozzo, and our fun fact check out https://iknowdino.com/Efraasia-Episode-381/Join us at www.patreon.com/iknowdino for dinosaur requests, bonus content, ad-free episodes, and more.Dinosaur of the day Efraasia, a Late Triassic sauropodomorph that was originally thought to be carnivorous.Interview with Filippo Bertozzo, a postdoc researcher at the Museum of Natural History in Brussels (RBINS). He studies some of our favorite topics including: paleopathologies, air sacs, and dinosaur behaviorIn dinosaur news this week:The latest paper on Torosaurus considers it to be a valid taxonResearchers have made new recommendations to address decolonizing paleontologyAI will likely soon help analyze CT scans and make paleontological research more efficientThe game Jurassic World Evolution 2 has a new set of dinosaurs from Camp CretaceousAn international group of volunteers are rushing to archive Ukrainian museum collections and other content at SUCHO.org This episode is brought to you by our patrons. Their generous contributions make our podcast possible! You can join our community, help us keep the show going, and get the show ad-free for $9/month (a win win win). Go to Patreon.com/iknowdino to sign up.See Privacy Policy at https://art19.com/privacy and California Privacy Notice at https://art19.com/privacy#do-not-sell-my-info.

Caveman is a story about a caveman starring Ringo Starr. Actually, “story” is a bit of a stretch – like many classic caveman movies we've reviewed, it's about a caveman who is banished from his group, and then a bunch of random things happen, and then he returns. But at least it has some fun stop-motion dinosaur animations!Get in touch with us!Twitter: @SotSA_Podcast Facebook: @SotSAPodcastLetterboxd: https://letterboxd.com/sotsa/ Email: screensofthestoneage@gmail.com In this episode:Starr got his big break as the drummer for a 1960s boy band, but you'd probably recognize him best as the narrator of Thomas the Tank Engine https://ttte.fandom.com/wiki/Ringo_Starr The Chewits Muncher: https://youtu.be/bg92hFmIDucRingo Starr met his wife Barbara Bach on the set of Caveman: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2epvgjoo1WsCatching Fire: How Cooking Made us Human by Richard Wrangham: basicbooks.com/titles/richard-wrangham/catching-fire/9780465020416/ Early use of fire at Koobi Fora, Kenya: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0047248419301411The Divje Babe “Flute”: https://www.divje-babe.si/en/the-neanderthal-flute/Neanderthals made glue from birch tar: https://www.bbc.com/news/science-environment-50131120The West Tofts Acheulean Handaxe features a shell fossil: https://digventures.com/2020/06/amazing-artefacts-250000-year-old-hand-axe-knapped-around-a-shell/The Ica Stones: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WJtIm4jgAFQGideon Mantel and the reconstruction of Iguanodon: http://scihi.org/gideon-mantell/The Rise and Fall of the Dinosaurs by Steve Brusatte https://www.harpercollins.com/products/the-rise-and-fall-of-the-dinosaurs-steve-brusatte?variant=32117226536994

Caveman is a story about a caveman starring Ringo Starr. Actually, “story” is a bit of a stretch – like many classic caveman movies we've reviewed, it's about a caveman who is banished from his group, and then a bunch of random things happen, and then he returns. But at least it has some fun stop-motion dinosaur animations! Get in touch with us! Twitter: @SotSA_Podcast Facebook: @SotSAPodcast Letterboxd: https://letterboxd.com/sotsa/ Email: screensofthestoneage@gmail.com In this episode: Starr got his big break as the drummer for a 1960s boy band, but you'd probably recognize him best as the narrator of Thomas the Tank Engine https://ttte.fandom.com/wiki/Ringo_Starr The Chewits Muncher: https://youtu.be/bg92hFmIDuc Ringo Starr met his wife Barbara Bach on the set of Caveman: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2epvgjoo1Ws Catching Fire: How Cooking Made us Human by Richard Wrangham: basicbooks.com/titles/richard-wrangham/catching-fire/9780465020416/ Early use of fire at Koobi Fora, Kenya: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0047248419301411 The Divje Babe “Flute”: https://www.divje-babe.si/en/the-neanderthal-flute/ Neanderthals made glue from birch tar: https://www.bbc.com/news/science-environment-50131120 The West Tofts Acheulean Handaxe features a shell fossil: https://digventures.com/2020/06/amazing-artefacts-250000-year-old-hand-axe-knapped-around-a-shell/ The Ica Stones: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WJtIm4jgAFQ Gideon Mantel and the reconstruction of Iguanodon: http://scihi.org/gideon-mantell/ The Rise and Fall of the Dinosaurs by Steve Brusatte https://www.harpercollins.com/products/the-rise-and-fall-of-the-dinosaurs-steve-brusatte?variant=32117226536994

Iguanodon is the second dinosaur named. It was a large and very successful herbivore that lived in numerous countries and different continents.  

On this day in 1853, natural history artist and sculptor Benjamin Waterhouse Hawkins hosted a New Year's Eve dinner party inside a full-scale model of an Iguanodon. Learn more about your ad-choices at https://www.iheartpodcastnetwork.com

For links to every news story, all of the details we shared about Hypselospinus, and our fun fact check out https://iknowdino.com/Hypselospinus-Episode-368/Join us at www.patreon.com/iknowdino for dinosaur requests, bonus content, ad-free episodes, and more.Dinosaur of the day Hypselospinus, a relative of Iguanodon which has also gone by the names Darwinsaurus and Wadhurstia.In dinosaur news this week:We discuss the Non-Avian Theropod Systematics and the Paleopathology & Paleohistology sessions from the Society of Vertebrate Paleontology annual meetingA company is planning to sell NFTs with the goal of buying a T. rex fossilJardin des Plantes in Paris, France has illuminated dinosaurs on displayThis episode is brought to you by our patrons. Their generous contributions make our podcast possible! We just released a sample chapter of an upcoming book for all of our patrons at the Tyrannosaurus level and up. Head to Patreon.com/iknowdino to get access and help us keep making the show.Tell us what you think about our show in our 2021 Year End Survey! We want our show to be as enjoyable as possible, and your input will help us improve. Head to bit.ly/ikdsurvey21 to leave us your feedback.See Privacy Policy at https://art19.com/privacy and California Privacy Notice at https://art19.com/privacy#do-not-sell-my-info.

Do you remember the film Jurassic Park? I do. I'd known about Tyrannosaurus Rex. But that film introduced me to Velociraptors. I know it is fiction, but the film made me very thankful that dinosaurs are not living today! Can you imagine going to a wilderness area and having to keep watch to avoid a t-rex? Bears are bad enough! Evolution tells us that millions of years before humans, dinosaurs became extinct. However, the evidence is not so clear. Consider the following:* A Cambodian temple erected in 1186 A.D. – that's 600 years before any dinosaur fossil dig – has a carving that looks just like a Stegosaurus.At the Natural Bridges National Monument in Utah, rock carvings and paintings believed to be made by the Anasazi Indians between 500 and 1500 years ago include a painting that looks like a Brontosaurus.Artifacts from Acambaro, Mexico include hundreds of figurines that are easily identified as Triceratops, Stegosaurus, Iguanodon, Brachiosaurus, and Tyrannosaurus Rex.In Peru, Inca carvings from 500-1500 A.D. depict pterosaurs, including details like dermal frills or spines. It wasn't until 1922 that fossil records were discovered of dermal frills. How could ancient Indians depict them, if they'd never seen them? This evidence strongly suggests that the dates given for humans and dinosaurs in order to support evolution should be viewed with suspicion. I think I'll just trust the Bible on this topic! *Victoria Rowbottom, "DINOSAURS AND HUMANS – DID THEY CO-EXIST?" The Creation Club, 2015, https://thecreationclub.com/dinosaurs-and-humans-did-they-co-exist/. Please provide feedback and suggestions at: https://www.sparkingfaith.com/feedback/ Bumper music “Landing Place” performed by Mark July, used under license from Shutterstock.

Talking with Dil the drummer from the Nashville based band Iguanodon, and stage manager for the AyerWaves Music Festival.  He is also a father, husband, and as we find out in the most unexpected way during this episode a back yard garden caretaker. Support the show (https://www.patreon.com/ayerwavesunderground)

Au début du XIXe siècle, en Angleterre, la découverte et l'étude de fossiles d'animaux inconnus vont bouleverser les connaissances. Cette nouvelle science s'appelle la paléontologie.  Les premiers paléontologues sont le Français Georges Cuvier, les Britanniques William Buckland, Gideon Mantell et sa femme Mary Ann. Il y a aussi Richard Owen. C'est lui qui a inventé le mot “dinosaure”, “dino” signifiant terrible et “saure” lézard. “Qui a inventé ?” te raconte leur histoire…

This week we're excited to be talking about the iguanodon, a dinosaur who is very important to palaeontological history! Listen to learn more about its discovery and impact. You may have noticed that this episode came out on a Friday, that's because we will be releasing our new episodes on Fridays instead of Wednesdays for the foreseeable future as it works better for our schedules. So catch you here next Friday for a new episode! If you'd like to support the show, please check out our merch store over on Etsy where we sell stickers, postcards, keychains, and hand-made needle-felted ornaments. We're currently having a 15% off sale on our stickers and postcards!  Don't forget to subscribe and leave us a rating and review. To stay up to date and see our weekly episode illustrations, make sure to follow us on Instagram and Twitter. Beyond Blathers is hosted and produced by Olivia deBourcier and Sofia Osborne, with art by Olivia deBourcier and music by Max Hoosier. This podcast is not associated with Animal Crossing or Nintendo, we just love this game.

For links to every news story, all of the details we shared about Iguanacolossus, links from Nizar Ibrahim, and our fun fact check out https://iknowdino.com/Iguanacolossus-Episode-344/To get access to lots of patron only content check out https://www.patreon.com/iknowdinoDinosaur of the day Iguanacolossus, The "mighty iguana colossus" which probably wasn't any bigger than Iguanodon.Interview with Nizar Ibrahim, a paleontologist, anatomist, Senior Lecturer at the University of Portsmouth, Assistant Professor of Biology at the University of Detroit Mercy, National Geographic explorer, and well known for his work on SpinosaurusIn dinosaur news this week:Baby dinosaur teeth from 8 groups were found near the North Pole, showing these groups likely didn't migrateThe Boltysh impactor hit at least half a million years after Chicxulub so it didn't play a role in the mass extinctionNew details about the youngest dinosaur footprints found in the UKTyrannosaurus: Meet the Family is on exhibit in Richmond at the Science Museum of VirginiaThe L. Alan Cruikshank River of Time Museum in Arizona has a near life-sized drawing of Sonorasaurus on its wallThe Lyme Regis Fossil Festival is happening online on July 10 and 11Listener Dino Bo was recently featured for his Protohadros hips which will be revealed on July 31 in Denton, TexasCardiff's Bute Park in the UK will have animatronic dinosaurs from August 21 to September 5A group of kids started a neighborhood “dino club” in Riverdale, UtahA psychedelic Another dinosaur music video by TORRES called Hug From a Dinosaur was recently posted on YouTubeThis episode is brought to you in part by BetterHelp which offers professional counseling done securely online. You can get 10% off your first month by visiting betterhelp.com/ikdPrivacy Policy and California Privacy Notice.

1878, charbonnage de Bernissart, Hainaut : à plus de 300 mètres de fond, quelques mineurs découvrent des « arbres remplis d'or »... Hélas pour eux, mais heureusement pour la paléontologie, ces étranges fûts dorés sont en réalité des ossements fossilisés de dinosaures, des dizaines de squelettes de dinosaures, complets, en bon état. C'est une découverte sensationnelle, du jamais vu ! Après bien des efforts, 31 d'entre eux seront remontés à la surface et expédiés au Musée d'histoire naturelle à Bruxelles où ils attirent toujours les foules. Aujourd'hui, sur les lieux mêmes de la découverte, un petit musée fort bien organisé offre également un coup de projecteur sur cette aventure scientifique étonnante. Les conditions de la découverte y ont été reconstituées et un vrai grand iguanodon de Bernissart trône fièrement au cœur du bâtiment. Et en ce moment, s'y tient également une exposition qui « raconte » la géologie du Hainaut, cette terre où, depuis la nuit des temps, l'homme a exploité les incroyables richesses du sous-sol. Musée de l'iguanodon de Bernissart + Exposition temporaire Diversité géologique en Hainaut (jusqu'au 31 août 2021) Le Musée de l'Iguanodon Rue Lotard, 14 7320 Bernissart Infos et réservations : 069/76 66 13 Mail : museeiguanodon@bernissart.be Site : www.bernissart.be/museeiguanodon

(image source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muttaburrasaurus by NobuTamura) Host Matthew Donald and guest co-host Natasha Krech discuss Muttaburrasaurus, a relative of Iguanodon from Australia before everything there was trying to kill you. From the Early Cretaceous, this 25-foot rhabdodontid may have migrated to Antarctica in the summer, because the two continents were linked back in Mesozoic times. The calm coldness of Antarctica balanced out the dangerous heat of the Outback. How romantic. They really should still be together; I wonder why it didn't work out? Want to further support the show? Sign up to our Patreon for exclusive bonus content at Patreon.com/MatthewDonald. Also, you can purchase Matthew Donald's dinosaur book "Megazoic" on Amazon by clicking here, its sequel "Megazoic: The Primeval Power" by clicking here, its third installment "Megazoic: The Hunted Ones" by clicking here, or its final installment "Megazoic: An Era's End" by clicking here. 

Morgan can't wait to tell you fun facts about the Iguanodon, like how it got its name!

En este episodio volvemos a las longitudes más habituales de programa, con unas pocas noticias que incluyen a Tamarro (el primer troodontido de la península ibérica), nuevos restos de Iguanodon galvensis (especie endémica ibérica de Iguanodon), la anatomía funcional de la cola de los extraños alvarezsáuridos y Llukalkan (un nuevo abelisaurido derivado de la Patagonia Argentina). Además, traemos un viaje mezcla de Historia y etimología, en el que revisamos los significados etimológicos de los principales grupos de dinosaurios, si este significado es coherente con su naturaleza biológica y repasamos a quienes les pusieron nombre en orden cronológico.

Finally, a normal episode that both has a guest an is actually on dinosaurs. This time out we are on to the second dinosaur ever named – Iguanodon. Despite being one of the absolute originals and being known from numerous good specimens, Iguanodon (and its relatives) really doesn’t get much of a look in when it comes to artworks and documentaries and even books – it’s not a carnivore, not huge like sauropods, and doesn’t rock the funky headgear of so many other ornithischians. But it’s an important animal, both historically and now and also (inevitably) has a complicated history that means it is well worth talking about. So we do. This week artist, writer and cartoonist Andy Riley joins us and he wants to know specifically about the function of the famous spiky thumb of Iguanodon – just what did they do with it?   Links: A piece from the Natural History Museum in London about the Maidstone slab and the initial discovery of Iguanodon - https://www.nhm.ac.uk/discover/the-discovery-of-iguanodon.html   And another by the NHM on the naming of Mantellisaurus and the work to put their skeleton on display - https://www.nhm.ac.uk/discover/search-for-the-real-iguanodon.html   A gallery view of the wonderful collection of Iguanodon in Belgium https://artsandculture.google.com/exhibit/the-bernissart-iguanodons/fQJiRgnsYJgwIA Andy Riley has a new book in the works and you can find out more about him here: https://misterandyriley.com/

◈ De duim van een Iguanodon is zo groot als jouw hoofd. Die dino is miljoenen jaren geleden uitgestorven. Thumbs up voor paleontoloog Koen Stein die de dino terug tot leven wekt in deze aflevering. ROOAAAR

Hola amig@s! como están? esperamos que bien! en este capítulo viajamos al pasado para conocer a un dinosaurio herbívoro muy buena onda llamado Iguanodon, esperamos que se diviertan! Si les agrada nuestro podcast familiar por favor recomiendenlo a sus amig@s, conocidos, parientes, vecinos y todos quienes crean puedan disfrutar de nuestras aventuras. Nos pueden oír en: Spotify Apple Podcast Google Podcasts Anchor Sígannos en instagram @TepiShepiShow Que tengan un hermoso día

Dinosaur is one of the great dark rides of Disney's Animal Kingdom. It's a mirror copy of Indiana Jones Adventure over in Disneyland. The two rides share track layouts and ride vehicles only. The setup queues and theming are entirely different. Here in Dinosaur we are tasked by Dr. Seeker to save an Iguanodon from extinction. Of course you happen to go back in time in your time rover just before a major asteroid hits the Earth. Time isn't on your side as you rush past multiple different dinosaurs including raptors and the infamous meat eater the Carnotaurus. In this episode we will experience part of the ride queue including tapping magic bands for a fast pass, overlay music and soundtrack, preshow and on ride audio. Some of my favorite parts are just the noises of magic bands scanning and cast members giving loading instructions. So much fun to relive the ride in audio version. Enjoy the latest Parkmosphere from Walrus Carp Clothing Co. If you love Dinosaur as much as we do head over to our website WalrusCarp.com and check out our Churrosaur T Shirt which pay homage to the delicious cinnamon, sugar snack and our favorite dark ride at Disney's Animal Kingdom.

Happy Mother's Day. We discuss the maiasaura and fight Iguanodon and Ceratosaurs

At the turn of the 19th century, Britons would stroll along the Yorkshire Coast, stumbling across unfathomably big bones. These mysterious fossils were all but tumbling out of the cliffside, but people had no idea what to call them. There wasn’t a name for this new class of creatures.  Until Richard Owen came along. Owen was an exceptionally talented naturalist, with over 600 scientific books and papers. But perhaps his most lasting claim to fame is that he gave these fossils a name: the dinosaurs. And then he went ahead and sabotaged his own good name by picking a fight with one of the world’s most revered scientists. Want more Science Diction? Subscribe wherever you get your podcasts, and sign up for our newsletter. Woodcut of the famous dinner inside of an Iguanodon shell at the Crystal Palace in 1854. Artist unknown. (Wikimedia Commons) Footnotes And Further Reading:  Special thanks to Sean B. Carroll and the staff of the Natural History Museum in London. Read an article by Howard Markel on this same topic. Credits:  Science Diction is written and produced by Johanna Mayer, with production and editing help from Elah Feder. Our senior editor is Christopher Intagliata, with story editing help from Nathan Tobey. Our theme song and music are by Daniel Peterschmidt. This episode also featured music from Setuniman and The Greek Slave songs, used with permission from the open-source digital art history journal Nineteenth-Century Art Worldwide. We had fact-checking help from Michelle Harris, and mixing help from Kaitlyn Schwalje. Special thanks to the entire Science Friday staff.

At the turn of the 19th century, Britons would stroll along the Yorkshire Coast, stumbling across unfathomably big bones. These mysterious fossils were all but tumbling out of the cliffside, but people had no idea what to call them. There wasn’t a name for this new class of creatures.  Until Richard Owen came along. Owen was an exceptionally talented naturalist, with over 600 scientific books and papers. But perhaps his most lasting claim to fame is that he gave these fossils a name: the dinosaurs. And then he went ahead and sabotaged his own good name by picking a fight with one of the world’s most revered  scientists. Want to stay up to speed with Science Diction? Subscribe to our newsletter. Woodcut of the famous dinner inside of an Iguanodon shell at the Crystal Palace in 1854. Artist unknown. (Wikimedia Commons) Footnotes And Further Reading:  Special thanks to Sean B. Carroll and the staff of the Natural History Museum in London. Read an article by Howard Markel on this same topic. Credits:  Science Diction is written and produced by Johanna Mayer, with production and editing help from Elah Feder. Our senior editor is Christopher Intagliata, with story editing help from Nathan Tobey. Our theme song and music are by Daniel Peterschmidt. This episode also featured music from Setuniman and The Greek Slave songs, used with permission from the open-source digital art history journal Nineteenth-Century Art Worldwide. We had fact-checking help from Michelle Harris, and mixing help from Kaitlyn Schwalje. Special thanks to the entire Science Friday staff.

For links to every news story, all of the details we shared about Ekrixinatosaurus, and our fun fact check out https://iknowdino.com/Ekrixinatosaurus-Episode-273/To get access to lots of patron only content check out https://www.patreon.com/iknowdinoDinosaur of the day Ekrixinatosaurus, the "explosion born" abelisaurid from Argentina.In dinosaur news this week:A new tyrannosaurid, Thanatotheristes, was found in CanadaUtah may soon have a Utahraptor State Park150,000 illustrations of the natural world have been posted free at the Biodiversity Heritage LibraryThe animatronic Bisti Beast needs a new nickname and you can vote for your favoriteThe UK Royal Mint has released 3 new coins commemorating Dinosauria, including Megalosaurus, Iguanodon, and HylaeosaurusOur comfy dinosaur clothes are available in three awesome designs! There is a Gorgosaurus, Parasaurolophus, and an Allosaurus. Get them on Hoodies, tanktops, and lots of other items by going to bit.ly/iknowdinostore

We discuss the Ceratosaurs and the Iguanodon. since this is episode 10 keep listening on for the mystery dinosaur. Hope you enjoy. ;)

A conversation with Joris van de Perre, Senior Brand & UX Consultant at Achilles Design (BE). We discuss brand design and strategy, the design process, dinosaurs and the social impact and role of brands in society. This podcast is in DUTCH.   SHOWNOTES: The Dinosaurs: Gustave Lavalette - iguanodon sketch https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iguanodon_bernissartensis-beenderlagen#/media/Bestand:Gustave_Lavalette_;_9_januari_1885;_Iguanodon_bernissartensis.jpg Abattoir Noir Tattoo- en piercingstudio Vilvoorde https://nl-nl.facebook.com/abattoirnoir1800/ Joe rogan experience #862- Paleontologist Trevor Valle Debunks "Dinosaurs Never Existed" Conspiracy https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=knWCsonQVG4   Joris’s podcast tips: The Design of Business | The Business of Design Radio Mama Cocaine & Rhinestones De Bourgondiërs - Bart Van Loo (https://klara.be/programma/de-bourgondiers-0) Kambukka bottles: https://www.kambukka.com/ Books: peter thief - zero to one Get it here the brand gap - Marty Neumeier Get it here disruptive branding - saffron More here The Rise and Fall of the Dinosaurs - A New History of a Lost World - Steve Brusatte Buy it here Articles & videos: Playpump SNAFU "...the disastrous PlayPump, a merry-go-round that pumped water while children played on it. By 2008, Roundabout Outdoor, a company with backing from the US government, had installed more than 1,000 of these $14,000 devices across Africa, often at the expense of existing wells. Unfortunately, the math suggested that kids would have to play 27 hours a day for the PlayPump to provide enough water for those it served. Today most of them lie fallow, rusting monuments to good intentions married with half-baked design." Full article Paul Rands' design approach When Steve Jobs was asked what it was like to work with Rand, he said, “I asked him if he would come up with a few options, and he said, ‘No, I will solve your problem for you and you will pay me. You don’t have to use the solution. If you want options go talk to other people.'" Full article Netflix pulling out of Georgia Article Colin Caepernick - crazy dreams (Nike video ad) YouTube Scott Galloway - gangster move! YouTube Nike Drops ‘Betsy Ross Flag’ Sneaker After Kaepernick Criticizes It Article     Get in touch with Joris: Joris' Linkedin profile Achilles design   Get in touch with me: Linkedin info@mikewey.com  

Indie the Iguanodon & Class with Kiri Pritchard-McLeanLIVE AT EDINBURGH FRINGE!In this episode of Secret Dinosaur Cult with special guest Kiri Pritchard McLean, we discuss Indie the Iguanodon, what class means to us, perceptions of class, the class divide in comedy, being terrible people, the Edinburgh Fringe and as always, try and fill our daddy holes.Hosted by Sofie Hagen and Jodie Mitchell.Produced by Justine McNichol for Dying Alone Ltd.Jingle by Harriet Braine.Photo by Gavin Smart.Logo by Annaliese Nappa.Recorded at The Bedlam Theatre, EdinburghFollow Secret Dinosaur Cult:Twitter: https://twitter.com/secretdinocultInstagram: https://www.instagram.com/secretdinosaurcult/Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/SecretDinosaurCult/ See acast.com/privacy for privacy and opt-out information.

Stories for kids that are fun, educational, funny, sometimes serious and sometimes silly. --- This episode is sponsored by · Anchor: The easiest way to make a podcast. https://anchor.fm/app

Part of the scientific method involves making mistakes and correcting them. Here are some interesting and sometimes goofy mistakes made by paleontologists through the years, and how the mistakes were corrected. Iguanodon did not actually look like this (left). It looked like this (right): Pterosaur did not actually look like this (left). It looked like this (right): Elasmosaurus did not actually look like this (left). It looked like this (right): Apatosaurus/brontosaurus did not actually look like this (left). It looked like this (right): Stegosaurus did not actually look like this (left). It looked like this (right): Gastornis did not actually look like this (left). It looked like this (right): Those are Gastornis's footprints: Show transcript: Welcome to Strange Animals Podcast. I’m your host, Kate Shaw. Paleontology is the study of fossils, and really it’s only been a discipline for a little over a century. Back in the 19th and early 20th centuries, even experts made major mistakes in preparing and assembling fossil skeletons, and dishonest amateurs made deliberate errors so their fossil animals looked bigger or scarier. Many of these mistakes or hoaxes were displayed in museums, sometimes for decades. I found so many interesting examples during my research that I decided to split the episode into two. This week we’ll learn about some paleontological mistakes and what the fossil animals really looked like when they were alive. Next week we’ll look at the frauds and hoaxes. We’ll start with Iguanodon, a dinosaur that lived around 125 million years ago in what is now Europe. It ate plants and was fairly common, with a number of species now known to science. The biggest could grow as much as 43 feet long, or 13 meters. It had teeth that resemble an iguana’s, which is how it gets its name, and a beak probably covered in keratin that it used to clip through tough plants. It probably mostly walked on two legs and browsed from trees, but its front legs were long and it might have spent at least some of its time on all fours. But the most interesting thing about Iguanodon was its hands. Its little finger was slender and usually longer than the others and many researchers think it was used for handling food and other objects. The first finger, which is equivalent to a thumb, wasn’t so much a digit as just a big spike. It’s called a thumb spike and no one’s sure what it was for. It might have been used for defense, but it might also have been used to help dig up plants. Maybe it was used for both. But it was the source of an embarrassing mistake that many paleontologists made for years. Iguanodon came to the attention of science in 1822 when a medical doctor in Sussex, England found some fossilized teeth. No one was sure what kind of animal the teeth belonged to, although guesses ranged from a crocodile to a rhinoceros. In 1824 the doctor, Gideon Mantell, noted the teeth’s resemblance to iguana teeth, but so big that he estimated Iguanodon must have been almost 60 feet long, or 18 meters. He also thought Iguanodon looked like an iguana. In 1834 more Iguanodon fossils came to light in a quarry and Mantell bought them. This incomplete skeleton included a thumb spike, but Mantell didn’t know where it belonged. He thought it was a horn, so when he made a drawing of the living animal, he placed the thumb spike on the nose. And there it stayed, despite other fossils found with the thumb spike in place on the hand, and despite other scientists pointing out that they didn’t think Iguanodon had a horn on its nose. It wasn’t until 1882 that the nose horn vanished for good and Iguanodon started looking more like itself. Similarly, pterosaurs have been misunderstood since the very beginning, with a lot of frankly ridiculous suggestions made about them. To be fair, they are really strange animals and nothing like any animal living today.

En este episodio, el 35 general pero el primero de esta nueva etapa, hablamos de la historia del descubrimiento y cambios de imagen del dinosaurio Iguanodon.

Ah, the terrible lizards. As children, we see dinosaurs as wondrous, almost mythical beasts. So how come the greatest children's entertainers consistently fail to make decent movies about them? Important questions: How much violence against children can be put into a children's movie? How hard is it to bury an apatosaurus? Where are all the female characters? Cards on the table: there was about two hours of content cut from this episode, wherein we talked about anything other than these bad movies. Our theme music is

Iguanodon & New Year: Diets Don't WorkIn this special episode of Secret Dinosaur Cult to ring in 2019, we discuss the Iguanodon, New Year's Eve, resolutions, theatre and as always, try and fill our daddy holes.Hosted by Sofie Hagen and Jodie Mitchell.Produced by Justine McNichol for Dying Alone Ltd.Jingle by Harriet Braine.Photo by Gavin Smart.Logo by Annaliese Nappa.Recorded at Phoenix Artist Club in London.Follow Secret Dinosaur Cult:Twitter: https://twitter.com/secretdinocultInstagram: https://www.instagram.com/secretdinosaurcult/Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/SecretDinosaurCult/ See acast.com/privacy for privacy and opt-out information.

In the news: A team of researchers think titanosaurs made their eggs extra thick to protect them from acidic hotsprings; A review of dinosaur egg research, including how to tell body temperature from the isotopes in the shell; A nine-year-old kid, found an Iguanodon vertebra on the Isle of Wight, UK while playing on the beach; new dinosaur exhibits; Jurassic World Fallen Kingdom pop-up cards and temporary restaurant in Tokyo; and more Dinosaur of the day Nomingia an oviraptorid with a bird-like pygostyle which may have held up a fan of feathers This episode is brought to you in part by TRX Dinosaurs, which makes beautiful and realistic dinosaur sculptures, puppets, and animatronics. You can see some amazing examples and works in progress on Instagram @trxdinosaurs To get access to lots of patron only content check out https://www.patreon.com/iknowdino For links to every news story, all of the details we shared about Nomingia, and our fun fact check out https://iknowdino.com/Nomingia-Episode-190/

This week's link to enter the Velociraptor Sculpture Sweepstakes is  http://bit.ly/Sculpture180 complete rules are at https://iknowdino.com/velociraptor-sculpture-sweepstakes-official-rules In the news: An amazingly well preserved Iguanodon relative named Bayannurosaurus perfectus was discovered in China; Two new ankylosaurs named; Over 300 new dinosaur tracks found in China; Theropods ate using a "puncture and pull" method; new Jurassic World puppet details; new exhibits, movies, and more Dinosaur of the day Nipponosaurus a hadrosaur found on the island North of Hokkaido—then owned by Japan, but now by Russia—it can be seen in the Holoscape interface in the Innovation Center in Jurassic World This episode is brought to you in part by TRX Dinosaurs, which makes beautiful and realistic dinosaur sculptures, puppets, and animatronics. You can see some amazing examples and works in progress on Instagram @trxdinosaurs To get access to lots of patron only content check out https://www.patreon.com/iknowdino For links to every news story, all of the details we shared about Nipponosaurus, and our fun fact check out https://iknowdino.com/Nipponosaurus-Episode-180/

It looks like a bit of wood, but it tells a much bigger story of immigration and inspiration. A story as big as a dinosaur.

We got to chat with Brittney Stoneburg, the marketing and events specialist at Western Science Center and co-founder of Cosplay for Science. We discuss the existing and upcoming dinosaur exhibits at the Western Science Center and lots of other topics. You can follow her on Twitter @brittandbone and on Instagram. In the news: A rare baby bird smaller than 2 postage stamps from the Cretaceous was found; A new study shows that Archaeopteryx was capable of flying; The "little Iguanodon" from the Bernissart bonebed is named to a new genus; The Natural History Museum in London is launching a new VR experience this spring called Hold the World; dinosaur talks, exhibits, and more Dinosaur of the day Kosmoceratops, a chasmosaurine ceratopsian whose name means "ornament horned face" for good reason. This episode is brought to you in part by TRX Dinosaurs, which makes beautiful and realistic dinosaur sculptures, puppets, and animatronics. You can see some amazing examples and works in progress on Instagram @trxdinosaurs And by  the Royal Tyrrell Museum, which is located in southern Alberta, Canada. Right now they are hosting their free-to-attend Winter speaker series (also on YouTube). More information can be found at tyrrellmuseum.com To get access to lots of patron only content check out https://www.patreon.com/iknowdino. For links to every news story, all of the details we shared about Kosmoceratops, more links from Brittney, the Western Science Center, and our fun fact check out https://iknowdino.com/kosmoceratops-episode-173/

This week, we thank the illustrious Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. for ALL he's done, and we congratulate Scootaloo for completing the task. Alicia offers some advice on student loans. Jay says some bullshit about dinosaurs. Cristaly "Lewis and Clark"s the App Store. CONTENT WARNING: Discussion of student loans.

Greg invites you to dinner today to discuss some of the confusions, mistakes and controversies related to the Iguanadon! Keep in touch on twitter at @condensedhist, facebook at Condensed Histories, and please remember to subscribe and review!

Interview with Dr. Ellinor Michel, who currently does research at the Natural History Museum, London, Department of Life Sciences, and chair of the Trustees and Management Board for Friends of Crystal Palace Dinosaurs. In addition to their website You can also find the Crystal Palace Dinosaurs on Facebook or Twitter. Or you can watch several films about them like The Lost Valley of London, The Seven Deadly Agents of Destruction, or check out the Emerald Ant who built a travelling version of their most iconic sculpture. A discussion of Antrodemus vs Allosaurus, a couple of damaged dinosaur sculptures with a tough road ahead, and a family discovers an Iguanodon skull on the Isle of Wight. Also dinosaur of the day Rapator, a megaraptoran similar to Australovenator.   Visit http://www.IKnowDino.com for more information including a map of dinosaur museums near you, and let us know if your favorite is missing! You can also visit https://www.patreon.com/iknowdino to get the inside scoop on I Know Dino

Interview with Cameron White, Head of Gallery Experience at the Royal Tyrrell Museum. A new Argentinian carnivore named Gualicho shinyae, Paleontologists discovered the first facial tumor on a dinosaur from Transylvania, New research on the evolution of bird vocalizations gives insight into what dinosaurs may have sounded like, and more. Also dinosaur of the day Iguanodon, the second dinosaur ever named. Visit http://www.IKnowDino.com for more information including a link to dinosaur sites near you. You can also visit https://www.patreon.com/iknowdino to get the inside scoop on I Know Dino

Aaron searches the jungles of the Mesozoic for the very first dinosaur ever discovered.  View full episode show notes at www.MyDogRocket.com

The Cambridge Animal Alphabet series celebrates Cambridge's connections with animals through literature, art, science and society. Here, I is for Iguanodon – a thousand ages underground, his skeleton had lain, but now his body’s big and round, and there’s life in him again! - See more at: http://www.cam.ac.uk/research/features/i-is-for-iggy-the-iguanodon#sthash.iNREEWC4.dpuf

The ‘Crystal Palace Dinosaurs’ are a series of sculptures of extinct animals including dinosaurs, other extinct reptiles and mammals, which can be found in the grounds of the Crystal Palace in London. Commissioned in 1852, these are the earliest examples of dinosaur sculptures in the world. In fact, the first dinosaurs had only recently been discovered some 30 years earlier. Why were these models built? And what do they tell us about early scientific hypotheses of dinosaurs and other extinct animals? To answer these questions we talk Joe Cain, Professor of History and Philosophy of Biology at University College London.

Iguanodon was discovered before the word "dinosaur" was invented and the story of Iguanodon research is the story of dinosaur research as paleontologists use new fossils to test old ideas about what the animal looked like and how it moved. Was it a lumbering quadruped? A springy kangaroo reptile? A little of both? Join us as we dive into the history of paleontology and the history of Iguanodon, the enthusiastic animal who is always ready to give you two thumbs up! The post Quick Bite: Iguanodon, History of a Dinosaur! appeared first on Past Time Paleo.

禽龙属（学名：Iguanodon，意为“鬣蜥的牙齿”），属于蜥形纲鸟臀目鸟脚下目的禽龙类，是大型草食性动物，身长约10米，站起来高3到4米，前手拇指有一尖爪，可能用来抵抗掠食动物，或是协助进食。 禽龙的化石多数发现于欧洲的比利时、英国、德国。它们主要生存于白垩纪早期的巴列姆阶到早阿普第阶，约1亿2600万年前到1亿2500万年前。禽龙的演化位置大约位于行动敏捷的棱齿龙类首次出现，演化至鸟脚下目中最繁盛的鸭嘴龙类，这段演化过程的中间位置。禽龙与年代更晚的鸭嘴龙类，共同属于禽龙类演化支。 禽龙的化石在1822年首次发现，并在1825年由英国地理学家吉迪恩·曼特尔进行描述与命名。在过去的研究历史中，有许多化石被归类于禽龙，年代横跨侏罗纪启莫里阶到白垩纪森诺曼阶，范围广达欧洲、北美洲、亚洲内蒙古、以及北非。但根据近年研，这些化石多被归类于其他属，或是建立为新属。目前的唯一有效种是贝尼萨尔禽龙（I. bernissartensis）。 禽龙是继斑龙之后，世界上第二种正式命名的恐龙。斑龙、禽龙、以及林龙是最初用来定义恐龙总目的三个属。古生物学界对于禽龙的了解，因为新发现的化石而随着时间不断改变。禽龙的大量标本，包括从两个著名尸骨层发现的接近完整骨骸，使得研究人员可提出许多禽龙生活方面的假设，包括进食、移动方式、以及社会行为。禽龙的重建图也随着标本的新发现而改变。 风神翼龙（Quetzalcoatlus）又名披羽蛇翼龙、羽蛇神翼龙，是种翼手龙类，生存于晚白垩纪（马斯特里赫特阶），约7000万年前到6550万年前，是目前已知最大的飞行动物之一。它属于神龙翼龙科，该科是先进而缺乏牙齿的翼龙类。属名的来源是阿兹提克文明里的披羽蛇神奎玆特克（Quetzalcoatl）。 第一个风神翼龙化石是在1971年，由道格拉斯·劳森（Douglas A. Lawson）发现于德州大弯曲国家公园的Javelina地层发现。这个标本包括部分的翼（由前臂与延长的第四手指构成），从翼推测翼展超过10米。劳森将这标本建立为新属：诺氏风神翼龙（Quetzalcoatlus northropi）。在1996年，Kellner与Langston在德州公布了了第二个未命名种。这个暂时性被称为Quetzalcoatlus sp.的标本，比诺氏风神翼龙还完整，包括部分头颅骨。虽然较北方风神翼龙的小，而翼展已证实长达5.5米。 在2002年，海尔河组发现的一节神龙翼龙科的颈椎，可能属于风神翼龙。这个标本原本被研究人员与暴龙类的化石混在一起。这个标本并没有被暴龙类捕食的迹象。科学家估计这只神龙翼龙科的翼展为5到5.5米。 在1995年，恐龙公园组发现一个神龙翼龙科的部份幼年骨骼，可能属于风神翼龙或其近亲。根据翼上的断裂牙齿，这个骨骼曾被蜥鸟盗龙（一种小型驰龙类）所咬食。根据牙齿的断裂状况，风神翼龙与其近亲的骨头应该非常坚硬，而非易碎。