Podcasts about Ottoman

Episode: 3339 Cradling the Body: The Eames Lounge Chair, Leg Splint, and Good Design.  The Eames Lounge Chair and Leg Splint

Pour commémorer les 110 ans de la Grande Guerre cette année, 20 minutes pour comprendre lance une nouvelle série : "14/18, D'un monde à l'autre". Plusieurs fois par mois, nous y couvrirons en temps réel les grands évènements de la Première Guerre mondiale.Dans ce septième épisode de notre série sur les belligérants de 1914, nous opérons un bref rappel sur la situation géostratégique de l'Empire ottoman à la fin de l'année 1914. Bonne écoute !Suivez le podcast ! Il est désormais sur X/Twitter : @20MPC_podcast & LinkedIn !   Générique : Léopold Corbion (15 Years of Reflection)Hébergé par Ausha. Visitez ausha.co/politique-de-confidentialite pour plus d'informations.

How long can an emperor not be an emperor. The official record stands at 25 years, that is how long Friedrich III had stayed out of the core areas of the Holy Roman Empire. That meant 25 ears of Imperial Diets without the presence of an Emperor, 25 years of stasis on the challenges of the time, the reform of the empire and the defense against the Ottoman expansion. But sometime in the late 1460s the apathic emperor Friedrich III, dubbed the Imperial Arch Sleepy head awakes and does what he had never done before, something. And that something turned into a lot of things, some related toimperial reform, but the most significant something for European history was a marriage, well, an engagement for now, followed by a flight down the river Mosel away from the intended father of the bride. Yes, it is that famous marriage, just not in the way you may have thought it happened. The music for the show is Flute Sonata in E-flat major, H.545 by Carl Phillip Emmanuel Bach (or some claim it as BWV 1031 Johann Sebastian Bach) performed and arranged by Michel Rondeau under Common Creative Licence 3.0.As always:Homepage with maps, photos, transcripts and blog: www.historyofthegermans.comIf you wish to support the show go to: Support • History of the Germans PodcastFacebook: @HOTGPod Threads: @history_of_the_germans_podcastBluesky: @hotgpod.bsky.socialInstagram: history_of_the_germansTwitter: @germanshistoryTo make it easier for you to share the podcast, I have created separate playlists for some of the seasons that are set up as individual podcasts. they have the exact same episodes as in the History of the Germans, but they may be a helpful device for those who want to concentrate on only one season. So far I have:The OttoniansSalian Emperors and Investiture ControversyFredrick Barbarossa and Early HohenstaufenFrederick II Stupor MundiSaxony and Eastward ExpansionThe Hanseatic LeagueThe Teutonic KnightsThe Holy Roman Empire 1250-1356The Reformation before the...

By Rabbi Josh WanderThere is a painful and uncomfortable reality that we rarely speak about publicly:Nearly one million Israelis have left Eretz Yisrael to live in the Diaspora.Not because of pogroms.Not because of famine.Not because they were expelled.They chose to leave.They walked away from the one thing that generations before us would have given their lives for: the privilege of living in the Land of Israel.And this can only happen in a vacuum — a vacuum of education, a vacuum of emunah, and a vacuum of understanding the true value of Eretz Yisrael. When someone does not know what something is worth, it becomes very easy to trade away.Creatures of Comfort, Prisoners of ExileMany of these Israelis are “successful” abroad. They live in modern suburbs, earn comfortable salaries, eat in kosher restaurants, and send their children to schools with Hebrew signs on the walls.Some are even “religious.”But spiritually, they have moved from Geula (redemption) to Galut (exile).From light to darkness.From open skies to a tunnel.Choosing exile over Israel is like voluntarily crawling into the spiritual equivalent of a Hamas tunnel — darkness, disorientation, disconnection.It is a self-imposed spiritual prison.They convince themselves that their “spirituality is more uplifting” in New York, Miami, or Los Angeles.What a perversion.How twisted our values have become that we equate kosher supermarkets, valet parking, and kiddush clubs with spirituality.Do We Know Better Than Hashem?Let's ask the only question that matters:If Avraham Avinu and Sara Imeinu were told by Hashem to leave Charan and move to Canaan, would they respond:“Actually, Hashem, our ruchniyut is better here. The housing market is cheaper and the shuls are more comfortable”?Absurd.Yet today, many Jews speak this way.Not explicitly — but this is the core of their argument:“I know Hashem said Eretz Yisrael is our home,but I know better what's best for me and my family.”Chutzpah.Ignorance.Hashem gave us 613 mitzvot. Nearly one-third can only be performed in the Land. How can a thinking, believing Jew read the Torah and still say:“It's better for my neshamah to stay in exile.”The Intellectual Justifications and the Halachic AcrobaticsOf course, excuses always need footnotes.So we hear:* “The Satmar Shitta says the Three Oaths forbid returning before Moshiach.”* “Rav Moshe Feinstein wrote that aliyah isn't obligatory today.”* “Tosafot says due to danger one may stay in exile.”All true — in context.Yet deeply misunderstood and conveniently misused.Even Satmar Chassidim weep over Eretz Yisrael.Even Rav Moshe Feinstein praised the holiness of the Land.None of them said:“Exile is a spiritually superior environment. Stay there for comfort.”For thousands of years, our rabbis begged, prayed, and sacrificed to reach this Land. They endured malaria-infested swamps, starvation, and Ottoman decrees.Not for comfort.For covenant.They understood what we have forgotten:Comfort is not the goal of Judaism. Destiny is.The Real Price: Their ChildrenLet us speak plainly.For the “religious diaspora Jew,” the loss is spiritual blindness.But for the vast majority who leave?It is nothing less than a demographic suicide mission.In Israel:* Intermarriage rate: ~4%In the United States:* Intermarriage rate: 70–90%That means that in America, one generation later,your grandchildren may not be Jewish.Nobody “plans” for assimilation, yet it swallows entire family trees.Leaving Eretz Yisrael puts your children into the currents of history — currents that have erased millions of Jews before them.No Israeli parent moving abroad ever says:“I'm choosing to end my family's Jewish story.”But statistically, that is exactly what they are doing.Kosher-Style Judaism Is Not JudaismThose who leave often say:“We will stay religious abroad. Judaism is not tied to geography.”False.Judaism is born in a place.Rooted in a place.Fulfilled in a place.Eretz Yisrael is not a backdrop.It is a commandment.לא בשמיים היא — It is not in the heavens.It's right here. In the Torah. In every parsha.From Lech Lecha to Ki Tavo.You don't need a PhD to understand the Torah's geography.Only a willingness to listen.The Darkness of Egypt — ReplayedThe Midrash teaches that 80% of Jews never left Egypt.They chose to stay — and they died during the plague of darkness.They disappeared from Jewish destiny.Today, the parallel is clear.We are living in spiritual darkness.Exile is the darkness.Israel is the light.Every Jew today is being asked:Will you join the redemption — or remain behind?Conclusion: The Door Is Still OpenThe tragedy of the yordim is not only that they leave.It's that they don't know what they're leaving.The greatest generation in Jewish history — ours — is living with the opportunity that our ancestors would have given their lives to taste for one hour.The door to redemption is open.The gates of Eretz Yisrael are open.The only question is:Will we walk through them?Or will we choose to remain in the darkness of a self-imposed exile? This is a public episode. If you'd like to discuss this with other subscribers or get access to bonus episodes, visit geulamovement.substack.com/subscribe

Damn You Ottoman!

Fluent Fiction - Hungarian: Through Hidden Gates: Art, History, and New Beginnings Find the full episode transcript, vocabulary words, and more:fluentfiction.com/hu/episode/2025-11-05-08-38-20-hu Story Transcript:Hu: A napsugarak kora reggel gyengéden kúsztak be a budapesti termálfürdő izzadt termébe.En: The rays of the sun gently crept into the sweaty halls of the Budapest thermal bath early in the morning.Hu: Ágota és Bence épp a kisebb, melegvizes medencét csodálták.En: Ágota and Bence were admiring the smaller, warm water pool.Hu: Ősz volt, a fák aranyló lombkoronája vidám színeket hozott a város szívébe.En: It was autumn, and the golden canopy of trees brought cheerful colors to the heart of the city.Hu: A fürdő csempézett falai visszhangozták a csendes morajlást, ahogy a párok és a magányos látogatók a nyugodt vízben úszkáltak.En: The tiled walls of the bath echoed the quiet murmur of couples and solitary visitors swimming in the calm water.Hu: Ágota, az introvertált művész, az egyik sarokban ült.En: Ágota, the introverted artist, was sitting in one corner.Hu: Mosolyogva figyelte a vízen táncoló fényeket.En: Smiling, she watched the lights dancing on the water.Hu: Kapott egy ötletet, de még szavakká vagy ecsetvonásokká kellett formálnia.En: She got an idea, but it still needed to be shaped into words or brushstrokes.Hu: Az inspiráció lassan bújt elő, mint a meleg gőz, amely körbeölelte a medencét.En: Inspiration was slowly emerging, like the warm steam enveloping the pool.Hu: Bence közben nem messze állt tőle, a fürdő régi történeteivel a fejében.En: Meanwhile, Bence stood not far from her, with the old stories of the bath in his mind.Hu: Történész lévén elragadták őt a fürdő több évszázados emlékfoszlányai.En: Being a historian, he was captivated by the centuries-old fragments of memory the bath held.Hu: Minden sarkon rejtett meséket vélt felfedezni.En: In every corner, he thought he discovered hidden tales.Hu: Egy pillanatnyi bátorsággal, Bence megszólította Ágotát.En: With a moment of courage, Bence addressed Ágota.Hu: "Tudtad, hogy ez a fürdő az oszmán korban épült?En: "Did you know that this bath was built during the Ottoman era?"Hu: " kérdezte.En: he asked.Hu: "Képzeld el, hogy itt egykor szultánok is megfordultak.En: "Imagine that sultans once frequented this place."Hu: "Ágota érdeklődése felébredt.En: Ágota's interest was piqued.Hu: "Tényleg?En: "Really?Hu: Milyen izgalmas!En: How exciting!Hu: Én művész vagyok, de néha elakadok az ötleteimmel.En: I'm an artist, but I sometimes get stuck with my ideas.Hu: Talán egy ilyen történet segítene.En: Maybe such a story would help."Hu: "Bence biztatóan bólintott.En: Bence nodded encouragingly.Hu: "Tudok egy titkos helyet itt.En: "I know a secret spot here.Hu: Egy rejtett kapu egy másik medencéhez, amit csak kevesen ismernek.En: A hidden gate to another pool that only a few know about.Hu: Szeretnéd megnézni?En: Would you like to see it?"Hu: "Ágota szeme felragyogott.En: Ágota's eyes lit up.Hu: "Nagyon szeretném!En: "I would love to!"Hu: "Bence vezette Ágotát egy szűk folyosón.En: Bence led Ágota down a narrow corridor.Hu: Az egyik sarokban elrejtett ajtón át egy csendes, eldugott medencéhez érkeztek.En: Through a concealed door in one corner, they arrived at a quiet, secluded pool.Hu: A napfény éppen átszűrődött az üvegablakon, arany színűre festette a vizet.En: Sunlight filtered through the glass window, painting the water a golden color.Hu: Mesebeli látvány volt.En: It was a magical sight.Hu: Ágota érezte, hogy az inspiráció hullámai elsöprik minden korábbi akadályát.En: Ágota felt the waves of inspiration sweeping away all her previous obstacles.Hu: "Ez gyönyörű," mondta halkan, szinte álmodozva.En: "This is beautiful," she said softly, almost dreamily.Hu: "Köszönöm, hogy megmutattad.En: "Thank you for showing it to me."Hu: "Bence mosolygott.En: Bence smiled.Hu: "Örülök, hogy segíthettem.En: "I'm glad I could help."Hu: "A fürdőben töltött idejük végéhez érve Ágota és Bence megegyeztek, hogy újra találkoznak.En: As their time at the bath came to an end, Ágota and Bence agreed to meet again.Hu: Budapest utcáit fogják felfedezni, keverve a művészetet és történelmet.En: They would explore the streets of Budapest, blending art and history.Hu: Ahogy az épületek mesélnek a múltról, úgy mesél majd Ágota a képein keresztül.En: Just as buildings speak of the past, Ágota would tell stories through her paintings.Hu: Bence tanulni fog Ágota szemének látásáról, és Ágota újra hinni fog valaki más meséiben.En: Bence would learn to see through Ágota's eyes, and Ágota would believe again in someone else's tales.Hu: Őszinte szívvel, és az őszi levelek hullása miatt is, érezni lehetett, hogy valami új kezdődik.En: With sincere hearts, and partly because of the falling autumn leaves, it felt like something new was beginning.Hu: Egymásban találtak társra, a múlt és művészet összefonódott, és így mindketten rátaláltak arra, amit kerestek.En: They found companionship in each other, as the past and art intertwined, and thus both found what they were searching for.Hu: Új kezdet, új inspiráció, és végre, új bizalom.En: A new beginning, new inspiration, and finally, new trust. Vocabulary Words:crept: kúsztaksweaty: izzadtcanopy: lombkoronamurmur: morajlássolitary: magányosintroverted: introvertáltbrushstrokes: ecsetvonásokenveloping: körbeöleltehistorian: történészfragments: emlékfoszlányaicaptivated: elragadtákcourage: bátorsággalfrequented: megfordultakconcealed: elrejtettsecluded: eldugottfiltered: átszűrődöttobstacles: akadályátdreamily: álmodozvaencouragingly: biztatóancompanionship: társraintertwined: összefonódottinspiration: inspirációtrust: bizalomadmirations: csodáltákemerging: bújt előstories: történeteknarrow: szűkhidden: rejtettglass: üvegsweep: elsöprik

Lea Ypi's new book about her Greek-Albanian grandmother is a philosophical meditation on dignity, a history of Ottoman collapse and Balkan nationalism, and a warning about our own indignant age of manufactured identities and resurgent tribalism.Back in January 2022, Lea Ypi came on the show to discuss Free, her brilliant account of growing up in communist Albania. Now Ypi, who teaches political philosophy at LSE, is back with her follow-up, Indignity, an equally compelling biography of Leman Ypi, her maternal grandmother. “A Life Reimagined” is its subtitle, but it's not just her grandmother whose life Ypi is reimagining. The book is a retelling of the modern stories of Greece, Turkey and Albania as well as a sly backwards glance on the court politics of the late Ottomans. Indignity is a Balkan story, in the grand tradition of Rebecca West. And like West, Ypi shows us that Balkan history is never quite dead - instead, it's prophecy for our own age of resurgent nationalism and manufactured identities. Things don't die in South Eastern Europe, Ypi suggests, they just fester, creating more and more indignity. No wonder the Dracula myth is a Balkan creation. 1. Dignity is what we chase, indignity is what we photograph. Bob Dylan wrote that “dignity never been photographed,” and Ypi iterates an entire philosophical framework around this insight. A 1941 photo of her glamorous grandmother in the Italian Alps sparked the book—but also online accusations that she was a spy. For Ypi, following Kant, dignity is an immaterial ideal we pursue; indignity is the empirical reality we live in. The book oscillates between the two, asking: how do we think about the dignity of the dead when all we have left are degraded facts and hostile interpretations?2. Salonique the Magnificent died in 1912—and took cosmopolitan possibility with it. Leman Ypi was born in 1917 in Salonica, an Ottoman melting pot that was, for a time, considered a potential homeland for European Jews. When it became Greek in 1912, the Hellenization project began dismantling centuries of multicultural coexistence. By the time the Ottoman Empire collapsed after WWI, rising nationalism had replaced cosmopolitan possibility. Leman, an “Albanian” who'd never been to Albania, was told her identity must align with the new nation-state project. The book is a lament for this lost time—not a lost place, but a lost way of being.3. Nationalism is a zero-sum game for dignity. In the world of nation-states that emerged from Ottoman collapse, individual dignity became inseparable from collective identity. To be Albanian meant dignity only as part of the Albanian nation-state project. This homogenizing, exclusionary logic forced people into boxes they'd never inhabited before. Ypi shows how this nationalist manipulation of dignity—promising it while destroying it—ran from the 1920s through fascism and communism. And it's back now, in our age of deportations, border walls, and politicians demanding: “What are you? Where do you really belong?”4. The stoic suicide versus the Kantian fighter—two philosophies of dignity. Leman's aunt Selma, forced into marriage with a German businessman, killed herself on her wedding day—the ultimate stoic assertion of control. “If you see a room full of smoke, do you wait for help or just leave?” Throughout her life, especially during her husband's 15-year imprisonment under Albanian communism, Leman wrestled with this question. Her answer was Kantian: suicide is a betrayal of our moral responsibilities to others. Dignity means staying and fighting, even when the struggle seems futile. But Ypi doesn't romanticize this—Leman's principled decisions often brought tragic consequences.5. Identity is always more complicated than politics pretends. Writing the book forced Ypi to confront how constructed and contingent identity really is. Her “Albanian” grandmother was born in Greece, had never been to Albania, grew up in an Ottoman cosmopolitan elite, and only became Albanian through the accidents of collapsing empires and rising nationalisms. This complexity matters now, Ypi argues, when contemporary politics—from migration to deportation to calls for deglobalization—depends on simplistic, homogeneous notions of identity and belonging. The archive lies; borders shift; people contain multitudes. Any politics built on forcing people to “belong in one place and nowhere else” is both a scam and historically illiterate.Keen On America is a reader-supported publication. To receive new posts and support my work, consider becoming a free or paid subscriber. This is a public episode. If you'd like to discuss this with other subscribers or get access to bonus episodes, visit keenon.substack.com/subscribe

In Resurrecting the Past: France's Forgotten Heritage Mandate (Cornell UP, 2025), Dr. Sarah Griswold shows how the Levant became a crucial front in a post-1918 fight over the French past—a contingent and contradictory but always hard-charging struggle over a forgotten "heritage mandate." Many scholars, clergy, pundits, politicians, and investors perceived the moment Allied forces entered Jerusalem in December 1917 to be a once-in-a-lifetime opportunity to expand French influence, evoking the vision of a new colony in the territory: a French Levant. But what transpired for the French state in the Levant after World War I, and why does that ill-conceived venture still matter today? Resurrecting the Past investigates how heritage politics led to a new form of empire—a French mandate for Syria and Lebanon—and with it a tide of regional and international critique. Against such opposition, the heritage mandate leaned heavily on spectacle and science, generating a sprawling set of sites and objects—Ottoman mansions, crusader castles, Umayyad mosques, Roman arches, buried synagogues, and Sumerian ziggurats. As Dr. Griswold traces how French heritage efforts cycled through multiple ideal pasts in the Levant from 1918 to 1946, she reveals how each one, though grounded in realities, also complicated those constructs and the work of French heritage-makers. Resurrecting the Past offers a parable of how efforts in heritage politics aimed to construct a union of ideologies and objects deemed the best past for France's uncertain future but struggled as much as they succeeded. Eventually those same heritage politics ironically helped officials justify the end of the "French Levant." This interview was conducted by Dr. Miranda Melcher whose book focuses on post-conflict military integration, understanding treaty negotiation and implementation in civil war contexts, with qualitative analysis of the Angolan and Mozambican civil wars. You can find Miranda's interviews on New Books with Miranda Melcher, wherever you get your podcasts. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/new-books-network

In Resurrecting the Past: France's Forgotten Heritage Mandate (Cornell UP, 2025), Dr. Sarah Griswold shows how the Levant became a crucial front in a post-1918 fight over the French past—a contingent and contradictory but always hard-charging struggle over a forgotten "heritage mandate." Many scholars, clergy, pundits, politicians, and investors perceived the moment Allied forces entered Jerusalem in December 1917 to be a once-in-a-lifetime opportunity to expand French influence, evoking the vision of a new colony in the territory: a French Levant. But what transpired for the French state in the Levant after World War I, and why does that ill-conceived venture still matter today? Resurrecting the Past investigates how heritage politics led to a new form of empire—a French mandate for Syria and Lebanon—and with it a tide of regional and international critique. Against such opposition, the heritage mandate leaned heavily on spectacle and science, generating a sprawling set of sites and objects—Ottoman mansions, crusader castles, Umayyad mosques, Roman arches, buried synagogues, and Sumerian ziggurats. As Dr. Griswold traces how French heritage efforts cycled through multiple ideal pasts in the Levant from 1918 to 1946, she reveals how each one, though grounded in realities, also complicated those constructs and the work of French heritage-makers. Resurrecting the Past offers a parable of how efforts in heritage politics aimed to construct a union of ideologies and objects deemed the best past for France's uncertain future but struggled as much as they succeeded. Eventually those same heritage politics ironically helped officials justify the end of the "French Levant." This interview was conducted by Dr. Miranda Melcher whose book focuses on post-conflict military integration, understanding treaty negotiation and implementation in civil war contexts, with qualitative analysis of the Angolan and Mozambican civil wars. You can find Miranda's interviews on New Books with Miranda Melcher, wherever you get your podcasts. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/middle-eastern-studies

In Resurrecting the Past: France's Forgotten Heritage Mandate (Cornell UP, 2025), Dr. Sarah Griswold shows how the Levant became a crucial front in a post-1918 fight over the French past—a contingent and contradictory but always hard-charging struggle over a forgotten "heritage mandate." Many scholars, clergy, pundits, politicians, and investors perceived the moment Allied forces entered Jerusalem in December 1917 to be a once-in-a-lifetime opportunity to expand French influence, evoking the vision of a new colony in the territory: a French Levant. But what transpired for the French state in the Levant after World War I, and why does that ill-conceived venture still matter today? Resurrecting the Past investigates how heritage politics led to a new form of empire—a French mandate for Syria and Lebanon—and with it a tide of regional and international critique. Against such opposition, the heritage mandate leaned heavily on spectacle and science, generating a sprawling set of sites and objects—Ottoman mansions, crusader castles, Umayyad mosques, Roman arches, buried synagogues, and Sumerian ziggurats. As Dr. Griswold traces how French heritage efforts cycled through multiple ideal pasts in the Levant from 1918 to 1946, she reveals how each one, though grounded in realities, also complicated those constructs and the work of French heritage-makers. Resurrecting the Past offers a parable of how efforts in heritage politics aimed to construct a union of ideologies and objects deemed the best past for France's uncertain future but struggled as much as they succeeded. Eventually those same heritage politics ironically helped officials justify the end of the "French Levant." This interview was conducted by Dr. Miranda Melcher whose book focuses on post-conflict military integration, understanding treaty negotiation and implementation in civil war contexts, with qualitative analysis of the Angolan and Mozambican civil wars. You can find Miranda's interviews on New Books with Miranda Melcher, wherever you get your podcasts. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/archaeology

In Resurrecting the Past: France's Forgotten Heritage Mandate (Cornell UP, 2025), Dr. Sarah Griswold shows how the Levant became a crucial front in a post-1918 fight over the French past—a contingent and contradictory but always hard-charging struggle over a forgotten "heritage mandate." Many scholars, clergy, pundits, politicians, and investors perceived the moment Allied forces entered Jerusalem in December 1917 to be a once-in-a-lifetime opportunity to expand French influence, evoking the vision of a new colony in the territory: a French Levant. But what transpired for the French state in the Levant after World War I, and why does that ill-conceived venture still matter today? Resurrecting the Past investigates how heritage politics led to a new form of empire—a French mandate for Syria and Lebanon—and with it a tide of regional and international critique. Against such opposition, the heritage mandate leaned heavily on spectacle and science, generating a sprawling set of sites and objects—Ottoman mansions, crusader castles, Umayyad mosques, Roman arches, buried synagogues, and Sumerian ziggurats. As Dr. Griswold traces how French heritage efforts cycled through multiple ideal pasts in the Levant from 1918 to 1946, she reveals how each one, though grounded in realities, also complicated those constructs and the work of French heritage-makers. Resurrecting the Past offers a parable of how efforts in heritage politics aimed to construct a union of ideologies and objects deemed the best past for France's uncertain future but struggled as much as they succeeded. Eventually those same heritage politics ironically helped officials justify the end of the "French Levant." This interview was conducted by Dr. Miranda Melcher whose book focuses on post-conflict military integration, understanding treaty negotiation and implementation in civil war contexts, with qualitative analysis of the Angolan and Mozambican civil wars. You can find Miranda's interviews on New Books with Miranda Melcher, wherever you get your podcasts. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/french-studies

In this episode of History 102, 'WhatIfAltHist' creator Rudyard Lynch and co-host Austin Padgett explore 18th-century Europe's L'Ancien Regime: aristocratic culture, Louis XIV's Versailles, military revolutions, European warfare, Enlightenment developments, and the economic and political conditions leading to the French Revolution. -- SPONSOR: SHOPIFY⁠⁠⁠⁠ Shopify powers millions of businesses worldwide, handling 10% of U.S. e-commerce. With hundreds of templates, AI tools for product descriptions, and seamless marketing campaign creation, it's like having a design studio and marketing team in one. Start your $1/month trial today at ⁠⁠⁠https://shopify.com/cognitive⁠⁠⁠ -- FOLLOW ON X: @whatifalthist (Rudyard) @LudwigNverMises (Austin) @TurpentineMedia -- TIMESTAMPS: (00:00) Intro (06:00) European haute culture, Baroque period, and aristocratic living (14:40) Louis XIV, Versailles, and French court politics (19:59) Sponsor: Shopiy (22:00) Enlightenment developments and Treaty of Westphalia (28:20) Seeds of the French Revolution and bureaucratic power (34:40) Economic inequality in 18th century France (40:00) Military revolution: from mercenaries to national armies (49:00) English systems: accent evolution, boarding schools, and Civil War (52:20) Religious wars in Britain and the Glorious Revolution (56:10) Enlightenment, literacy, and class divisions across Europe (1:05:00) European regional divisions (Northwest, Latin, Eastern, Ottoman) (1:12:10) English nobility strategy and meritocratic integration (1:21:50) British Isles unification: Scotland and Ireland (1:27:40) European warfare system and balance of power (1:29:50) Austrian and Russian Empires (1:35:50) Great Northern War: Charles XII vs Peter the Great (1:39:50) Enlightened despotism (Catherine the Great, Frederick II, Maria Theresa) (1:45:50) Spain's decline and Vauban's predictions for France (1:56:30) War of Spanish Succession (2:04:40) 18th century warfare culture and tactics (2:11:10) Frederick the Great and the Seven Years War (2:15:20) War of Jenkins' Ear (2:16:40) Wrap Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Send us a textWelcome back to Series 3.  Reverend Paul Roberts and Colonel Andy Taylor take a misty November wander and discuss events of the summer and the significance of November for the Herefordshire Regiment.  As well as Remembrance, the 1st November 1917 marks the anniversary of the battalion's bloodiest battle of the First World War - Khuweilfe.  After evacuation from Suvla Bay, the regiment regrouped in Egypt, joining the Suez Canal defences and participating in the Battle of Romani in 1916.The defeat of Turkish forces opened the way for British advances across the Sinai, with significant logistical challenges due to harsh desert conditions and limited infrastructure.  Strong defensive lines were established between Gaza and Beersheba.  The latter fell on 31 October 1917, prompting Ottoman retreats to defensive high ground, including Tel-el-Khuweilfe.  The terrain was described as a stony, waterless desert with difficult fighting conditions compounded by rain and cold.The Herefordshire Regiment and supporting units attacked these defences.  The Regiment sustained its worst losses of the war: 79 fatalities recorded in a single day, with estimated total casualties (including wounded) about 400—over half the battalion.Modern and historical photographs of Tel-el-Khuweilfe, show preserved trench lines.The capture of Gaza opened the road to Jerusalem, which was reached at Christmas 1917 under Allenby's leadership.Support the showIf you like what you hear, don't forget to like and subscribe to help us reach a wider audience. Visit our website - Herefordshire Light Infantry Museum; follow us on Facebook Herefordshire Regimental Museum | Facebook or visit our Youtube channel Herefordshire Regimental Museum - YouTube.Support the Museum? Become a Patreon supporter or a Become a FriendTheme Tune - The Lincolnshire Poacher, performed by the outstanding Haverhill Silver Band. This podcast generously supported by the Army Museums Ogilby Trust.

The October 7th attacks of Hamas on Israel were an unprecedented, surprise incursion by land, sea, and air that stunned the world and prompted Israel to declare war. The attacks, which included massacres in Israeli communities and a music festival, resulted in the deaths of over 1,200 Israelis and foreign nationals and the capture of some 251 hostages. This deadly terrorist attack was years in the making, but the underlying conflict goes back much further. It starts with the 1948 formation of Israel and the displacement of hundreds of thousands of Palestinians in the wars that began there, an event known to Palestinians as the Nakba (Arabic for "catastrophe"). But the roots of the conflict extend even further—to Ottoman-era conflict between Jewish and Arab residents, the Bar Kokhba revolts in the 2nd century AD, and battles between ancient Israel and its enemies, tracing back all the way to the Iron Age wars between Israelites and the Philistines. The October 7 attack is seen by some as an echo of the cyclical theme of persecution and existential threat against the Jewish people chronicled in the Old Testament, recalling narratives like the Exodus and attacks on ancient Israel. The modern conflict specifically originates in the same coastal region once controlled by the Philistines—an ancient people who lived on the southern coast of Canaan from the 12th century BC until their demise in the 7th century BC. Furthermore, the Bar Kokhba revolt (132–135 AD) was the third and final major Jewish-Roman war, resulting in a devastating defeat for the Jewish population of Judea and leading to the Roman renaming of the province to Syria Palaestina. Today’s guest is Dinesh D'Souza, the director and executive producer of The Dragon's Prophecy. His documentary utilizes archaeological discoveries, suggesting a historical parallel and continuation of conflict. This shows how current global instability and the conflict over Israel are part of a larger story concerning the destiny of nations. We also look at the intersection of religion, history, and current events to see how the last 3,000 years explain what’s happening today.See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

This week's case comes from way back in the 1400s. It's a story about a boy surrounded by extreme violence. He returned to his home in Romania to find his family brutally slaughtered. Listen to this week's episode to hear about the horrific acts of violence committed by Vlad III aka Vlad the Impaler. Sources:The German (Saxon) Pamphlets (1460s–1480s) — Printed in Nuremberg & Lübeck, these woodcut pamphlets spread the legend of Vlad's atrocities across Europe, including tales of boiling, mutilations, and the infamous “forest of the impaled.”The Russian Chronicle / “Skazanie o Drakule voevode” (late 15th century) — A Slavic narrative of Vlad's reign, sympathetic to him as a strong ruler against the Ottomans, but still full of detailed executions.Laonikos Chalkokondyles, Histories (1490s) — A Byzantine historian who described Vlad's campaigns and cruelty, especially the confrontation with Sultan Mehmed II.Ottoman chronicles (including accounts by Tursun Beg) — Recorded Vlad's wars with the empire and the shock at his use of mass impalement.Radu R. Florescu & Raymond T. McNally, Dracula: Prince of Many Faces (Little, Brown & Co., 1989) — Classic modern history blending the fact and legend of Vlad III.Elizabeth Miller, Dracula: Sense & Nonsense (Desert Island Books, 2000) — Separates Bram Stoker's fictional Count from the historical Vlad.Matei Cazacu, Dracula (Tallandier, 2004; English translation, Brill, 2017) — A comprehensive biography from a Romanian historian, with close readings of chronicles.Constantin Rezachevici, Vlad the Impaler (Dracula): Between Legend and History (Romanian Academy, 2002) — Focuses on Vlad's reign in Wallachia and his political strategies.Florin Curta, Southeastern Europe in the Middle Ages, 500–1250 (Cambridge University Press, 2006) — Broader context of Wallachia and Ottoman frontier politics.National Museum of Romanian History (Bucharest) — Exhibits on Vlad III and Wallachian history.“The Impaler Prince: Vlad III Dracula” — Smithsonian Magazine, Oct 2011.“Vlad the Impaler: The Real Dracula” — History Extra (BBC History), Oct 2020.

On the 19th of May, 1919, an Ottoman general stepped ashore at the Black Sea port city of Samsun. This marked the beginning of the Turkish War of Independence, and ultimately the end of the Ottoman Empire. The man's name was Mustafa Kemal, the soldier, statesman and reformer who would create the Republic of Turkey out of the rubble, and become its first president.Dan is joined by Marc David Baer, Professor of International History at the London School of Economics and Political Science. He talks us through the collapse of the Ottoman Empire and the rise of the man who became known as Atatürk.Produced by James Hickmann and edited by Dougal Patmore.Sign up to History Hit for hundreds of hours of original documentaries, with a new release every week and ad-free podcasts. Sign up at https://www.historyhit.com/subscribe.We'd love to hear your feedback - you can take part in our podcast survey here: https://insights.historyhit.com/history-hit-podcast-always-on.You can also email the podcast directly at ds.hh@historyhit.com. Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

Giorgi Tchkadua of Ilia State University in Georgia, PhD candidate under our own Alexander Mikaberidze, helps unpack the multiplicity of riddles which makes up the fascinatingly complex power dynamics in the Caucasus before, during and after the 1792-1815 period. In this episode you'll learn: How Russian expansion into the Caucasus took place following failures by their Ottoman and Persian rivalsWhy the patchwork of kingdoms and khanates in the region proved so elusive for imperial dominationAnd above all, how from the perspective of those living in the Caucasus the big powers were themselves being played - in a local struggle for power even more compelling than you'd think.Help us produce more episodes by supporting the Napoleonic Quarterly on Patreon: patreon.com/napoleonicquarterly

主播：Meimei（中国）+ Maelle（法国） 音乐：Coffee with Me今年夏天，主播Maelle去了希腊——一个集神话、美食、古典建筑于一体的美丽岛屿国家。今天我们就和Maelle一起走进希腊。01. Athens: the Ancient and Modern World 希腊古今交融之都——雅典主播Maelle一共去了四个不同的地方：Kefalonia island (凯法利尼亚岛), the little town of Fiscardo (菲斯卡多), the capital of the island (岛屿的首都) called Argostoli (阿尔戈斯托利), and Athens (雅典)。雅典（Athens）是希腊的首都，是希腊神话里女神的名字。Athens was a huge surprise for her. It wasn't even on her travel list before. 但主播Maelle说：“Once I got there (一到那里), I fell in love with it. The history, the food, the kindness of the people and the ruins (古遗址)! The architecture is breathtaking.”Architecture /ˈɑrkɪˌtektʃər/ n. 建筑Breathtaking /ˈbreθˌteɪkɪŋ/ adj. 令人惊叹的，惊艳的One part of the trip that really stood out (引人注目的): the connection between the modern city and the ancient past (现代与古代的连接). 在雅典，你或许正穿行于遍布咖啡馆的街道，猛然一拐弯（turn a corner）——卫城（Acropolis）便赫然映入眼帘，帕特农神庙（Parthenon）静静守护着整座城市。Acropolis /ə'krɒpəlɪs/ n. 雅典卫城Parthenon /ˈpɑ:θinɔn/ n. 帕特农神庙它是献给智慧女神雅典娜的建筑，非常有历史意义。It made people feel like time is layered (时空交叠). Like we're walking on top of thousands of years of stories. 人们在现代日常生活，而脚下却是几千年前的文明遗迹。What's even more amazing is how the ancient and modern worlds exist side by side (共存). 想象一下喝着咖啡、遛着狗（walking dogs）、骑着电动车（riding scooters），自己的脚下就是玻璃地板（glass floors），而透过去就能看到这些历史的痕迹。Side by side：肩并肩，并排；在这里是指共存。There's something really humbling (令人肃然起敬) about that. 不管现代社会发展的如何，we're still connected to this deep, ancient past (我们的根都深深的与过去连接). It's quiet, but powerful.02. Greek Food and Island Culture Representative 希腊美食和岛屿文化“代表” 希腊美食久负盛名。主播Maelle品尝了酸奶黄瓜（Tzatziki）和肉末茄子饼（Moussaka），并表示这是她吃过最棒的酸奶黄瓜。 Tzatziki：酸奶黄瓜，一种酸奶蘸酱（a yogurt-based dip），里面有garlic（大蒜）和cucumber（黄瓜），非常清新的味道（refreshing）。Moussaka：木莎卡（肉末茄子饼），一种由eggplants（茄子）和肉馅烤制的（baked）美食。这让主播Meimei联想到了中国的茄盒（stuffed eggplant）。主播Maelle thought everything was super fresh. Even a simple salad with feta cheese (希腊奶酪) and olives (橄榄) tasted like summer. 除此之外，尤其在Kefalonia（凯法利尼亚）这样的岛屿上还有很多grilled fish and seafood（烤鱼和海鲜）。主播Meimei表示：“有青岛人最爱的海鲜，听着就已经馋了！”凯法利尼亚是一座宁静祥和的小岛。Clear blue waters, colorful buildings and cats everywhere... It's the kind of place where you just slow down. Fiscardo (菲斯卡多) was like a postcard (明信片).��为什么希腊的小猫随处可见呢？Because cats in Greece are kind of part of the culture. 它们大部分是strays（流浪猫）, but they're well-fed (吃得好的) and respected. People feed them, and they just roam (漫步) freely. 它们几乎已经成为了岛上生活的象征（become almost symbolic of island life）—— calm, independent (独立的)，and always lounging (懒洋洋地躺着) in the sun！主播Meimei表示：“听起来它们就像是来度假的！每天晒太阳、自由自在，还不愁吃，真的很符合地中海岛屿这种惬意的氛围感。”03. Mythology and Discovery in Greece 希腊的神话与发现希腊还是众多神话的发源地，就连街道的命名也源自众神（gods and goddesses），为整座城市笼罩上浓郁的神话色彩。在希腊，像Athena（雅典娜）、Apollo（阿波罗）、Hermes（赫米斯）等神话名字常常被用来作为街道的名字。It really gives you the feeling that mythology (神话) is still alive in the city. One place that stood out (引人注目) to Maelle was the Acropolis Museum (卫城博物馆). 这是一个modern museum，但它的顶层设计和山上的帕特农神庙完全一致（align perfectly）。除此之外，卫城博物馆的顶层设计和山上的帕特农神庙有完全一致的角度和方向（exact same angle and orientation）。So when you're up there, you're facing the original temple (真正的神庙) as if you're inside it. 甚至还有透明的（transparent）地板，可以看到脚下的遗迹，真的把“过去”保留在“现在”的空间里了。It is really well thought out (这是很巧妙的构思). The fun fact is that the museum is also at the center of a big controversy (争议、有争议的话题) - the Elgin Marbles (“埃尔金大理石雕塑”或“帕特农神庙雕塑”). ��What is the Elgin Marbles controversy?“埃尔金大理石雕塑”争议的核心是什么？埃尔金大理石雕塑是最初装饰（decorate）帕特农神庙的雕塑（sculptures）。19世纪初，英国贵族（nobleman）Lord Elgin在希腊处于奥斯曼帝国统治期间（under Ottoman rule），将这些文物凿下运走（remove），转卖给了伦敦的大英博物馆（British Museum）。所以现在大英博物馆还存有Greek sculptures（希腊雕塑）。When you go to the Acropolis Museum (雅典卫城博物馆), you can actually see the original spaces left empty (原来的位置是空的). It really adds another layer (增加了另外一层内容) to the experience. 你看到的不仅是雕塑，还有这些雕塑承载的政治（politics），历史身份（identity）和文化基调（culture play out through history）。Greece is like a real-life (现实中的) storybook. 雅典卫城本身是献给（dedicated to）智慧与战争女神雅典娜的（Athena, the goddess of wisdom and war）。Athena /əˈθinə/ n. 雅典娜雅典娜是希腊神话中的智慧女神，也是战争与工艺之神。传说中，雅典娜与海神波塞冬（Poseidon）争夺这座城市的守护权。她献上象征和平与繁荣（peace and prosperity）的橄榄树（olive tree），最终赢得了民众的拥戴——雅典由此得名（how Athens got its name）！而且这些神的名字我们在日常英语中也经常会遇到，比如“Athena”在西方文化中常被用作学校或机构的名字，象征智慧。主播Maelle的希腊之旅wasn't just a vacation - it was a discovery (探索). It reminded (提醒) us how travel opens your heart and mind.旅行不仅仅只是看自然风景，更是让我们去经历不同的人生风景，看到不同文化的美和力量。欢迎留言告诉我们：你有没有哪些有趣和震撼的旅行经历呢？Have you had any really amazing or incredible travel experiences?

In the Early Modern period the boundaries between Christian and Islamic civilisations were far more porous than we imagine: Isaac Newton's library included Arabic biographies of the Prophet Muhammad; the Tudors dressed in Ottoman fashion; and Europe's scientific revolution and cultural identity were deeply entwined with Islamic thought.Professor Suzannah Lipscomb is joined by Dr. Elizabeth Drayson who reveals a Europe built on eight centuries of Islamic achievements.MORE:Islam and the ElizabethansElizabeth I & the Sultan of MoroccoPresented by Professor Suzannah Lipscomb. The researcher is Max Wintle, audio editor is Amy Haddow and the producer is Rob Weinberg. The senior producer is Anne-Marie Luff.All music courtesy of Epidemic Sounds.Not Just the Tudors is a History Hit podcastSign up to History Hit for hundreds of hours of original documentaries, with a new release every week and ad-free podcasts. Sign up at https://www.historyhit.com/subscribe. You can take part in our listener survey here: https://insights.historyhit.com/history-hit-podcast-always-on Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

We begin the series with a look into the life of Musa Kazim al Husseini, one of the most important Palestinians of the Ottoman and Mandate eras. His story reveals the power of what it means to cooperate, resist, remember, and forget. Follow me at @PreOccupationPod on Instagram and TikTok. Enjoy. Support this podcast at — https://redcircle.com/preoccupation-a-not-so-brief-history-of-palestine/donations

In this conversation from 2020, Alex Aragona speaks with Mustafa Akyol as he explores whether Islam can be compatible with liberalism, and his recent research on freedom in Muslim-majority countries. References from Episode 70 with Mustafa Akyol Mustafa Akyol is the author of Rethinking the Kurdish Question: What Went Wrong, What Next? (Turkish), Islam Without Extremes: A Muslim Case For Liberty, The Islamic Jesus: How the King of the Jews Became a Prophet of the Muslims, and his book set for release in April 2021, Reopening Muslim Minds: A Return to Reason, Freedom, and Tolerance (all available titles hyperlinked to Amazon Canada store pages). You can read Mustafa's articles featured on his profile on the CATO Institute's website at this link. The concluding segment of this podcast was dedicated to discussing Mustafa's findings in his study, Freedom in the Muslim World, which was published on the Cato Institute's website and is available for reading here. Mustafa quotes the observation that Islam had compatible socio-legal setups for embracing liberal society early on had it abided by its foundational teachings from Professor David Forte's article, Islam's Trajectory. This article can be read on the Foreign Policy Research Institute's website at this link. One of the themes in his upcoming book, Reopening Muslim Minds, Mustafa cites Ash'arism as one of the theological paradigms predating modernity which gave rise to the insularity in Islamic philosophy towards thoughts not originating from revelation. The journal Studia Islamica has an article recounting the religious history of Ash'arism and can be accessed at this link through an active JSTOR account. Mustafa briefly mentions the Euthyphro Dilemma (Wikipedia), Divine Command Theory (Michael W. Austin, Eastern Kentucky University), and Ethical Objectivism (Oxford Reference) whilst discussing the different camps in Islamic thought. More can be read about these topics through their respective hyperlinks. You can read more about philosopher John Locke's premises on toleration of religion and heresy here (A Letter Concerning Toleration courtesy of McMaster University), as well as his view on the separation of church and state at this link (Liberty Fund). While literature on Islamic liberalism is vast, a good place to start is this article titled What Is Liberal Islam?: The Sources of Enlightend Muslim Thought featured in the Journal of Democracy at this link. This article on Deutsche Welle summarizes the domestic and international tensions stemming from the cartoons of religious caricatures that were published in France. Mustafa quotes Daniel Philpott's book, Religious Freedom in Islam: The Fate of a Universal Human Right in the Muslim World (available on Amazon Canada), about how Islam “had seeds of freedom, but those seeds need to be cultivated.” You can read the excerpt where the French jurist, Jean Bodin, commended the religious freedom of the Ottoman empire compared to the denominational violence amongst Christians in Europe in Daniel Goffman's book, The Ottoman Empire and Early Modern Europe here. Here are Wikipedia articles to the controversy of Islamic scarfs in France, policing over the burkini, and Saudi Arabia's legislation on public head coverings for women.

It is easy to believe that manners are empty gestures, little more than social artifice or practiced etiquette whose sole purpose is to project civility and facilitate social interaction. But if we look more closely, they can tell us much more than we might first suppose, revealing what conventional accounts of state, economy, and religion often ignore. With Empire of Manners: Ottoman Sociability and War-Making in the Long Eighteenth Century (Stanford UP, 2025), Dr. James Grehan offers a panoramic view of manners and sociability across the eighteenth-century Ottoman Empire, from the Balkans to the Middle East to North Africa. Studying chronicles, biographical dictionaries, and travel accounts, he throws new light on the inner dynamics of Ottoman society during a transitional period in Ottoman history which has too often been misunderstood. Empire of Manners proposes a new way of thinking about the history of manners, arguing that violence and war-making, as much as civility and etiquette, have a central role in shaping them. The eighteenth century proved to be a turning point in this paradoxical relationship between violence and manners as war-making turned into a substantially more complex and costly enterprise, leaving a deeper and wider social footprint. The interplay between violence and manners, an unlikely couple, unexpectedly narrates the Ottoman path to the modern age. This interview was conducted by Dr. Miranda Melcher whose book focuses on post-conflict military integration, understanding treaty negotiation and implementation in civil war contexts, with qualitative analysis of the Angolan and Mozambican civil wars. You can find Miranda's interviews on New Books with Miranda Melcher, wherever you get your podcasts. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/new-books-network

It is easy to believe that manners are empty gestures, little more than social artifice or practiced etiquette whose sole purpose is to project civility and facilitate social interaction. But if we look more closely, they can tell us much more than we might first suppose, revealing what conventional accounts of state, economy, and religion often ignore. With Empire of Manners: Ottoman Sociability and War-Making in the Long Eighteenth Century (Stanford UP, 2025), Dr. James Grehan offers a panoramic view of manners and sociability across the eighteenth-century Ottoman Empire, from the Balkans to the Middle East to North Africa. Studying chronicles, biographical dictionaries, and travel accounts, he throws new light on the inner dynamics of Ottoman society during a transitional period in Ottoman history which has too often been misunderstood. Empire of Manners proposes a new way of thinking about the history of manners, arguing that violence and war-making, as much as civility and etiquette, have a central role in shaping them. The eighteenth century proved to be a turning point in this paradoxical relationship between violence and manners as war-making turned into a substantially more complex and costly enterprise, leaving a deeper and wider social footprint. The interplay between violence and manners, an unlikely couple, unexpectedly narrates the Ottoman path to the modern age. This interview was conducted by Dr. Miranda Melcher whose book focuses on post-conflict military integration, understanding treaty negotiation and implementation in civil war contexts, with qualitative analysis of the Angolan and Mozambican civil wars. You can find Miranda's interviews on New Books with Miranda Melcher, wherever you get your podcasts. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/islamic-studies

It is easy to believe that manners are empty gestures, little more than social artifice or practiced etiquette whose sole purpose is to project civility and facilitate social interaction. But if we look more closely, they can tell us much more than we might first suppose, revealing what conventional accounts of state, economy, and religion often ignore. With Empire of Manners: Ottoman Sociability and War-Making in the Long Eighteenth Century (Stanford UP, 2025), Dr. James Grehan offers a panoramic view of manners and sociability across the eighteenth-century Ottoman Empire, from the Balkans to the Middle East to North Africa. Studying chronicles, biographical dictionaries, and travel accounts, he throws new light on the inner dynamics of Ottoman society during a transitional period in Ottoman history which has too often been misunderstood. Empire of Manners proposes a new way of thinking about the history of manners, arguing that violence and war-making, as much as civility and etiquette, have a central role in shaping them. The eighteenth century proved to be a turning point in this paradoxical relationship between violence and manners as war-making turned into a substantially more complex and costly enterprise, leaving a deeper and wider social footprint. The interplay between violence and manners, an unlikely couple, unexpectedly narrates the Ottoman path to the modern age. This interview was conducted by Dr. Miranda Melcher whose book focuses on post-conflict military integration, understanding treaty negotiation and implementation in civil war contexts, with qualitative analysis of the Angolan and Mozambican civil wars. You can find Miranda's interviews on New Books with Miranda Melcher, wherever you get your podcasts. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/middle-eastern-studies

It is easy to believe that manners are empty gestures, little more than social artifice or practiced etiquette whose sole purpose is to project civility and facilitate social interaction. But if we look more closely, they can tell us much more than we might first suppose, revealing what conventional accounts of state, economy, and religion often ignore. With Empire of Manners: Ottoman Sociability and War-Making in the Long Eighteenth Century (Stanford UP, 2025), Dr. James Grehan offers a panoramic view of manners and sociability across the eighteenth-century Ottoman Empire, from the Balkans to the Middle East to North Africa. Studying chronicles, biographical dictionaries, and travel accounts, he throws new light on the inner dynamics of Ottoman society during a transitional period in Ottoman history which has too often been misunderstood. Empire of Manners proposes a new way of thinking about the history of manners, arguing that violence and war-making, as much as civility and etiquette, have a central role in shaping them. The eighteenth century proved to be a turning point in this paradoxical relationship between violence and manners as war-making turned into a substantially more complex and costly enterprise, leaving a deeper and wider social footprint. The interplay between violence and manners, an unlikely couple, unexpectedly narrates the Ottoman path to the modern age. This interview was conducted by Dr. Miranda Melcher whose book focuses on post-conflict military integration, understanding treaty negotiation and implementation in civil war contexts, with qualitative analysis of the Angolan and Mozambican civil wars. You can find Miranda's interviews on New Books with Miranda Melcher, wherever you get your podcasts. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

« Il suffit de suivre la route de briques jaunes pour arriver à la Cité d'Émeraude… » Dans le Magicien d'Oz et ailleurs, l'émeraude incarne un monde de mystère, de désir et de merveilles. Comment s'en étonner ? Son hypnotique couleur verte, son raffinement, sa préciosité… Symbole de pouvoir, de protection ou d'amour selon les cultures, elle est l'une des pierres les plus emblématiques de la joaillerie. Depuis l'Antiquité, cette gemme ne cesse de fasciner et d'inspirer des histoires. Cette saison vous embarque à la poursuite de l'émeraude : suivez le fracas d'une course de char à travers la Rome antique, vivez les péripéties d'une mission diplomatique entre l'empire Ottoman et la Perse, découvrez la ceinture céleste d'un prince chinois, et vibrez au rythme d'une procession dans les rues de Bogota, où un ostensoir resplendit d'un vert miraculeux. Gageons que vous serez séduits par les charmes irrésistibles de cette pierre… La Voix des Bijoux est un podcast de L'École des Arts Joailliers, avec le soutien de Van Cleef & Arpels. Avec la participation de Marie-Laure Cassius-Duranton, gemmologue et historienne de l'art à l'Ecole des Arts Joailliers et Bei HE, historienne d'art et professeur à l'École des Arts Joailliers. Écrit par Martin Quenehenne et Aram Kebabdjian, interprété par Pierre-François Garel et produit par Bababam. Hébergé par Acast. Visitez acast.com/privacy pour plus d'informations.

In part 2 of this conversation with the City of Bursa on The Intelligent Community, ICF Co-Founder Lou Zacharilla has a conversation with Demet Sinmez, Smart Urbanization Branch Manager, Bursa Metropolitan Municipality. The Ottoman Empire's first capital city has transformed itself into a forward-looking community of three million while maintaining its cultural roots and skill at bringing together groups for collaboration. Bursa is a UNESCO Heritage site where one can still see the Ottoman's urban planning. Our conversation with Demet Sinmez, Head of the Smart Urbanism branch of the metropolitan municipality ranges from Bursa's focus on SMEs, education to one of its great quality of life treasures: its annual gastronomy festival. Bursa is proud of its historic achievement in the ICF program and is a case study of an historic, proud city balancing history, humanity and the need to keep pace with the economic development requirements of the Digital Age. Demet Sinmez graduated from Uludağ University in 1997 with a bachelor's degree in Electrical and Electronics Engineering. She began her professional career in the private sector, specializing in the Internet of Things (IoT) and telecommunications systems for approximately 12 years. In 2009, she joined Bursa Metropolitan Municipality, where she served as an IoT and software development specialist across various departments. During this period, she played an active role in critical infrastructure and software projects aimed at driving citywide digital transformation. For the past year, she has been serving as the Head of the Smart Urbanism Branch, leading teams that develop strategic projects supporting urban innovation ecosystems, with a focus on citywide data analytics, communication networks, sustainable urban solutions, and smart city technologies.

The climate around the Parthenon Marbles debate has publicly continued to warm in the last two years, with both sides seemingly moving closer towards an agreement. But that may not be the full story according to long-time advocates for the return of the Marbles in David Hill and George Vardas. The pair join Ouzo Talk for our latest instalment on the Parthenon Marbles to discuss where discussions currently are between the UK Government and Greece, and the British and Acropolis Museums. Following  a recent meeting of global associations to discuss the matter, the plot thickened with the release of an ominous statement from Greek President, Konstantinos Tassoulas, who in a Greek Government first, signalled that legal action may be on the cards. Is that where the matter is heading? Join Tom and Nick as they quiz David and George on the latest to do with the most controversial ownership battle in world culture, history and archaeology. Send us a text Support the showEmail us at ouzotalk@outlook.comSubscribe to our Youtube: https://www.youtube.com/@OuzoTalkFollow us on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/OuzoTalkFollow us on Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/ouzo_talk/

PREVIEW HEADLINE: Turkey's Erdogan : A Sponsor of Regional Turmoil GUEST NAME: Gregory Copley 50-WORD SUMMARY: Gregory Copley discusses President Erdogan's attendance at ceasefire deal signing, noting he is a primary sponsor of regional turmoil and a "neo-Ottomanist" seeking Ottoman revival. Erdogan, who reportedly demanded Netanyahu not appear, is determined to continue conflict so Israel cannot claim victory. The US is providing Turkey F-35s/F-16s, possibly encouraging Turkish expansionism against Greece and Cyprus.

Neoborn Caveman reflects on history's lessons to prevent civil war, blending satire with calls for humanity's preservation amid rising divisions. NC recounts Balkan atrocities under the Ustashas, from Prebilovci school massacres to Jasenovac horrors, highlighting generalizations' dangers and media distortions that fuel enmity. He critiques the Cloward-Piven strategy's overload tactics in modern immigration and crises, Ottoman legacies in Yugoslavia's fractures, Sunni-Shia Muslim divides and how they affect Western countries through immigration, and First Nations' overlooked slave-owning past, urging unity over rage to counter globalist techno-feudal cages.Music guests: InoxidablesKey TakeawaysHistory reveals patterns to avoid repeating civil wars and massacres.Generalizations breed hatred and overlook good people in every group.Media portrays events to manipulate perceptions and sow division.Governments and extremists exploit crises for control and collapse.Unity across differences builds stronger communities than walls or fences.Religious and ethnic labels mask shared humanity and common enemies.Atrocities like in Jasenovac show evil's scale when unchecked by reason.Immigration without checks risks importing unresolved conflicts.Past empires' conquests echo in today's border and identity struggles.Preserving stories counters falsified narratives and eternal enmities.Techno-feudalism threatens sovereignty more than open dialogue.Pro-humanity choices prioritize wholeness over emotional rage.Sound Bites"Never generalize. Just because a cat scratched you, it doesn't mean cats are evil.""Let's learn more about history to understand our chances in the future so we can have a better choice in the present.""If you falsify history you will create an everlasting enemy.""Civil war must be avoided at all cost.""Sharing the same land should be enough. We should respect and enjoy our uniqueness and the difference in each other.""Do you want this next level communist, fascist, technologist dystopia or shall we learn from history and avoid sparing children messaging others?""You are amazing. You are special. You are one of a kind. And you are worthy.""We should be one people. Not one people in division but one people united for the betterment of ourselves and humanity."Gather for unfiltered rambles at patreon.com/theneoborncavemanshow—free join, chats, lives.Keywords: history, civil war, generalizations, Ustashas, Balkans, Yugoslavia, Ottoman Empire, Sunnis, Shias, immigration, globalists, humanity, unity, genocide, Jasenovac, Pavelić, media manipulation, Trump, Cloward-Piven, First NationsHumanity centered satirical takes on the world & news + music - with a marble mouthed host.Free speech marinated in comedy.Supporting Purple Rabbits. Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

RANKOPAN6.mp3 - The Great Divergence, Coal Location, and Global Climate Shocks Peter Frankopan | The Earth Transformed: An Untold History The Great Divergence seeks to explain how Europe accelerated scientifically and technologically after 1500 to dominate global empires. A key factor was location: England benefited from coal fields situated close to London and easily transportable by sea, unlike China's distant resources. Climate shocks created opportunities for European powers. Severe famines and droughts in India (such as the 1770s Bengal famine that killed 30 million) shattered the Mughal state's ability to collect revenue, facilitating British control. Additionally, the 1783 Laki volcanic eruption caused a climate shock affecting Egypt's Nile, diverting Ottoman focus southward and enabling Catherine the Great to annex Crimea.

In 1516, the Ottomans defeated the mighty Mamluk Empire in the Middle East, taking control of Gaza. How did Ottoman forces roll out scorched-earth tactics on Gaza City to punish those who had rebelled against them? How did the citrus and cotton industries develop in Ottoman Palestine? What did the rise of nationalism at the turn of the twentieth century mean for Gaza and the surrounding region? Anita Anand and William Dalrymple are joined by Eugene Rogan, author of The Fall of The Ottomans, and Professor of Modern Middle Eastern History at The University of Oxford, to discuss Ottoman rule in Gaza, from the 1500s to the early 20th century.  Join the Empire Club: Unlock the full Empire experience – with bonus episodes, ad-free listening, early access to miniseries and live show tickets, exclusive book discounts, a members-only newsletter, and access to our private Discord chatroom. Sign up directly at empirepoduk.com  For more Goalhanger Podcasts, head to www.goalhanger.com. Email: empire@goalhanger.com Instagram: @empirepoduk Blue Sky: @empirepoduk X: @empirepoduk Assistant Producer: Becki Hills Producer: Anouska Lewis Executive Producer: Neil Fearn Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices

Jamal J. Elias' new book After Rumi: The Mevlevis & Their World (Harvard UP, 2025) takes us on a historical journey through the development of the Mevlevi community after Jalaluddin Rumi's passing in 1273. He frames the Mevlevis as an “emotional community” that is anchored in affective engagements with Rumi and his Masnavi. The book is organized around three major historical moments, the first is centered around Ulu ‘Arif Chelebi, Rumi's grandson, the second after the Ottoman conquest of Constantinople in 1453, and the final chapters focus on the career of Isma‘il Anqaravi (d. 1631). Through close readings of biographies and various manuscripts, Elias paints a rich and complex metahistory of significant intellectual, metaphysical, political, social, and cultural factors that have defined the Mevlevi community. For instance, aspects such as charismatic leadership and the role of the Masnavi remain vital and also shifting factors for the Mevlevi community, as we see in the commentaries on the Masnavi written by Anqaravi. Throughout the book we learn how notions of orthodoxy and heterodoxy are unstable categories, especially in relation to antinomian tendencies, the place of women in the Mevlevi communities, and the shifting significance and use of Persian in literary productions. This book will be of interest to those who read and write on Sufism, Anatolian, Ottoman, and Turkish history and Rumi and the Mevlevis. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/new-books-network

Jamal J. Elias' new book After Rumi: The Mevlevis & Their World (Harvard UP, 2025) takes us on a historical journey through the development of the Mevlevi community after Jalaluddin Rumi's passing in 1273. He frames the Mevlevis as an “emotional community” that is anchored in affective engagements with Rumi and his Masnavi. The book is organized around three major historical moments, the first is centered around Ulu ‘Arif Chelebi, Rumi's grandson, the second after the Ottoman conquest of Constantinople in 1453, and the final chapters focus on the career of Isma‘il Anqaravi (d. 1631). Through close readings of biographies and various manuscripts, Elias paints a rich and complex metahistory of significant intellectual, metaphysical, political, social, and cultural factors that have defined the Mevlevi community. For instance, aspects such as charismatic leadership and the role of the Masnavi remain vital and also shifting factors for the Mevlevi community, as we see in the commentaries on the Masnavi written by Anqaravi. Throughout the book we learn how notions of orthodoxy and heterodoxy are unstable categories, especially in relation to antinomian tendencies, the place of women in the Mevlevi communities, and the shifting significance and use of Persian in literary productions. This book will be of interest to those who read and write on Sufism, Anatolian, Ottoman, and Turkish history and Rumi and the Mevlevis. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/history

Jamal J. Elias' new book After Rumi: The Mevlevis & Their World (Harvard UP, 2025) takes us on a historical journey through the development of the Mevlevi community after Jalaluddin Rumi's passing in 1273. He frames the Mevlevis as an “emotional community” that is anchored in affective engagements with Rumi and his Masnavi. The book is organized around three major historical moments, the first is centered around Ulu ‘Arif Chelebi, Rumi's grandson, the second after the Ottoman conquest of Constantinople in 1453, and the final chapters focus on the career of Isma‘il Anqaravi (d. 1631). Through close readings of biographies and various manuscripts, Elias paints a rich and complex metahistory of significant intellectual, metaphysical, political, social, and cultural factors that have defined the Mevlevi community. For instance, aspects such as charismatic leadership and the role of the Masnavi remain vital and also shifting factors for the Mevlevi community, as we see in the commentaries on the Masnavi written by Anqaravi. Throughout the book we learn how notions of orthodoxy and heterodoxy are unstable categories, especially in relation to antinomian tendencies, the place of women in the Mevlevi communities, and the shifting significance and use of Persian in literary productions. This book will be of interest to those who read and write on Sufism, Anatolian, Ottoman, and Turkish history and Rumi and the Mevlevis. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/islamic-studies

Jonathan Schanzer analyzes the US-backed Gaza peace plan, which demands the release of all hostages and Hamas's surrender, meeting Benjamin Netanyahu's primary war aims. Despite pushback from the Israeli far-right, the momentum has shifted, putting the onus on Hamas. Schanzer notes that Iran's regional influence is waning, while Turkey's neo-Ottoman aspirations are resurging. He also confirms the significant damage inflicted upon Hezbollah's arsenal and leadership. 1915 GERMANY OVER GAZA

Jonathan Schanzer analyzes the US-backed Gaza peace plan, which demands the release of all hostages and Hamas's surrender, meeting Benjamin Netanyahu's primary war aims. Despite pushback from the Israeli far-right, the momentum has shifted, putting the onus on Hamas. Schanzer notes that Iran's regional influence is waning, while Turkey's neo-Ottoman aspirations are resurging. He also confirms the significant damage inflicted upon Hezbollah's arsenal and leadership. 1933

Today's class is in Constitutional law, and our study case is Tina Peters. But first, let's discuss the bankers that set it all up. And Israel too. The goal is to divide up the melting pot. It is all happening again as Bibi pulls a fast one. Israel is America. The Peters case had amendments violated and ineffective representation. Our Amicus is damn good. The judge must consider the merits. Denial of procedure was intended to suppress speech. Reaching out to the President. The Ottoman's historically were pissed. The Tina Peters case shows her serious legal injury. District Court made a direct violation. Withholding bail as a punitive measure. AG contradictions exist. There will be no forgiveness in this case. Knowingly and willingly violating the law. The next steps could involve the Department of Justice. Decisions should only be made with a complete map of the law. The Colorado AG is backed up against the wall. Only two possible outcomes exist. It's a great dominatrix that can play a convincing submissive. Authenticity is on the rise. That, with truth, gives us a real voice. Let's band together and really fight for freedom's cause. Then we can all watch them fall.

PREVIEW FOR TONIGHT: Jonathan Schanzer OF FDD identifies two powers affecting the end of the Gaza war: wounded Iran, whose Shiite crescent stretching toward Israel is fading, and ambitious Ankara, displaying successful neo-Ottoman aspirations. Turkey's Recep Tayyip Erdoğan, commanding a large military, has vowed to raise a pan-Islamic army against Israel. Amidst international pressure and UN actions, Israel remains the main, unwavering regional power. 1914 PALESTINE

In the final episode of her short series on the Habsburg dynasty, Professor Suzannah Lipscomb turns to one of the most fascinating and misunderstood rulers of early modern Europe: Rudolf II, Holy Roman Emperor. Often remembered—if at all—as the "mad emperor" who withdrew from politics and lost his grip on power, Rudolf's story is far richer than the stereotype. Instead of governing from Vienna or Madrid, he relocated his imperial court to Prague, transforming it into a dazzling hub of art, science, alchemy, and astrology. Was he truly unfit to rule, or has history been unfair? Suzannah is joined by Professor Thomas Kaufmann to re-examine Rudolf II's reign not as decline, but as a bold, eccentric vision of imperial rule during a turbulent age of religious wars, Protestant uprisings, Ottoman expansion, and dynastic rivalries.MORE:Rise of the HabsburgsChales V, Habsburg Holy Roman EmperorPresented by Professor Suzannah Lipscomb. The researcher is Max Wintle, audio editor is Amy Haddow and the producer is Rob Weinberg. The senior producer is Anne-Marie Luff.All music courtesy of Epidemic Sounds.Not Just the Tudors is a History Hit podcastSign up to History Hit for hundreds of hours of original documentaries, with a new release every week and ad-free podcasts. Sign up at https://www.historyhit.com/subscribe. You can take part in our listener survey here: https://insights.historyhit.com/history-hit-podcast-always-on Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

In this episode of Explaining History, we delve into the intricate web of diplomacy, ambition, and betrayal that led the Ottoman Empire into the Great War. Drawing from Eugene Rogan's "The Fall of the Ottomans," we explore the Empire's precarious position in the years before 1914, caught between the competing interests of Europe's great powers.Discover Germany's strategic "Weltpolitik," which saw the Ottomans as a key partner to challenge British and Russian dominance, leading to ambitious projects like the Berlin-to-Baghdad railway and the controversial appointment of a German military mission to modernize the Ottoman army. We'll unpack the diplomatic crisis that this provoked with Russia, which viewed Istanbul and the Straits as its own sphere of influence.As the clouds of war gathered over Europe in the summer of 1914, the Ottoman leadership desperately sought a powerful ally to protect its vulnerable territory. We'll follow the fascinating, and ultimately failed, attempts to forge an alliance with Britain and France. Learn about the final act of betrayal—Britain's seizure of two newly built Ottoman dreadnoughts—that served as a national humiliation and pushed the wavering Empire into a secret alliance with Germany, a decision that would seal its fate and reshape the Middle East forever.Go Deeper: Visit our website at www.explaininghistory.org for articles and detailed explorations of the topics discussed.▸ Join the Conversation: Our community of history enthusiasts discusses episodes, shares ideas, and continues the conversation. Find us on:Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/groups/ExplainingHistoryPodcast/Substack: https://theexplaininghistorypodcast.substack.com/▸ Support the Podcast: Explaining History is a listener-supported production. Your contribution helps us cover the costs of research and keep these conversations going. You can support the show and get access to exclusive content by becoming a patron.Support on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/explaininghistoryExplaining History helps you understand the 20th Century through critical conversations and expert interviews. We connect the past to the present. If you enjoy the show, please subscribe and share.▸ Support the Show & Get Exclusive ContentBecome a Patron: patreon.com/explaininghistory▸ Join the Community & Continue the ConversationFacebook Group: facebook.com/groups/ExplainingHistoryPodcastSubstack: theexplaininghistorypodcast.substack.com▸ Read Articles & Go DeeperWebsite: explaininghistory.org Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

Dr. Rosemary Admiral provides a groundbreaking history of women's legal engagement in Marinid Morocco between the thirteenth and fifteenth centuries that fundamentally challenges contemporary assumptions about women's relationships to Islamic legal traditions. Drawing on a rich collection of fatwas (legal documents) from Fez and surrounding areas, Dr. Admiral demonstrates how women—some without formal education—strategically navigated complex legal landscapes to protect their interests, expand their rights, and reshape social dynamics. Contrary to prevailing narratives that portray Islamic law as a monolithic, oppressive system, the book shows how women actively co-produced legal interpretations. They used sophisticated strategies like contract stipulations, exploring plurality in legal opinions, and consulting local scholars to renegotiate marriage terms and expand their rights. These women did not view the legal system as an enemy, but as an instrument for challenging misdeeds and addressing community needs. Dr. Admiral draws attention to the historical practice and implementation of the Maliki school of Islamic law in an area that remained outside of Ottoman control. She highlights women's engagement with Islamic law as deeply embedded in support systems encompassing families, communities, and legal structures, and makes visible women's agency and power. This interview was conducted by Dr. Miranda Melcher whose book focuses on post-conflict military integration, understanding treaty negotiation and implementation in civil war contexts, with qualitative analysis of the Angolan and Mozambican civil wars. You can find Miranda's interviews on New Books with Miranda Melcher, wherever you get your podcasts. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/new-books-network

When Shakespeare wrote Othello, he set his Moorish general against the “general enemy Ottoman.” Elsewhere in his plays, he invoked “Turks,” “Saracens,” and “infidels”—terms that reveal just how present the Islamic world was in the English imagination. From Elizabeth I's diplomatic exchanges with Persia to the cultural impact of the Ottoman Empire, the Islamic world loomed large in the politics, religion, and drama of Shakespeare's England.This week, we're joined by Dr. Chloe Houston (University of Reading), a leading authority on Persia in early modern drama, and Dr. Mark Hutchings (University of Valladolid), whose research explores England's engagement with Islam on the Renaissance stage. Together, they unpack how Elizabethans understood the Ottomans, Persians, and North Africans, and how those encounters shaped both history and Shakespeare's works.Discover how global trade, diplomacy, stereotypes, and real-life ambassadors influenced depictions of Moors, Persians, and “Turks” onstage, and why Shakespeare's audiences would have found these references powerful, familiar, and sometimes unsettling.Listen now and explore the fascinating world of Elizabethan encounters with Islam in Shakespeare's plays. Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

Dr. Rosemary Admiral provides a groundbreaking history of women's legal engagement in Marinid Morocco between the thirteenth and fifteenth centuries that fundamentally challenges contemporary assumptions about women's relationships to Islamic legal traditions. Drawing on a rich collection of fatwas (legal documents) from Fez and surrounding areas, Dr. Admiral demonstrates how women—some without formal education—strategically navigated complex legal landscapes to protect their interests, expand their rights, and reshape social dynamics. Contrary to prevailing narratives that portray Islamic law as a monolithic, oppressive system, the book shows how women actively co-produced legal interpretations. They used sophisticated strategies like contract stipulations, exploring plurality in legal opinions, and consulting local scholars to renegotiate marriage terms and expand their rights. These women did not view the legal system as an enemy, but as an instrument for challenging misdeeds and addressing community needs. Dr. Admiral draws attention to the historical practice and implementation of the Maliki school of Islamic law in an area that remained outside of Ottoman control. She highlights women's engagement with Islamic law as deeply embedded in support systems encompassing families, communities, and legal structures, and makes visible women's agency and power. This interview was conducted by Dr. Miranda Melcher whose book focuses on post-conflict military integration, understanding treaty negotiation and implementation in civil war contexts, with qualitative analysis of the Angolan and Mozambican civil wars. You can find Miranda's interviews on New Books with Miranda Melcher, wherever you get your podcasts. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/gender-studies

A mortar shell fired by Venetian troops at their Ottoman enemy struck the Parthenon directly, igniting the powder stored ...

He was born to Muslim parents in Konitsa of Albania — the ancient region of Epirus. His father was a prominent ruler among the Muslims and a member of the Sufi order, sometimes called dervishes, a mystical Islamic sect. John himself became a prominent Sufi and settled in Joannina. Though not a Christian, he attended to his conscience and lived a sober and prayerful life.   Over time, he became increasingly attracted to the Christian faith and, in time, asked for holy Baptism. No Christian in his region dared to baptize him, knowing the reprisals that would follow. So John migrated to Ithaka, was baptized, and settled there in a village called Xiromeron, where he married and lived as a simple countryman. In 1813, John's father somehow learned where he was, and that he had become a Christian. He sent two Sufis to bring him back and restore him to the Muslim faith. Because of this, the Ottoman authorities on Ithaka learned who he was and brought him before a judge. To each of the judge's questions John would only reply 'I am a Christian and I am called John.'   Realizing that no amount of persuasion or coercion would move him, the authorities determined to behead him. At his execution, since they would not loose his hands so that he could make the sign of the Cross, John cried out 'Lord, Remember me when Thou comest into Thy Kingdom!' With these words he submitted himself to a Martyr's end. The Turks intended to leave his body for the dogs, but pious Christians retrieved it and secretly gave it honorable burial.

HEADLINE: Erdogan's Neo-Ottoman Ambitions: Turkey's Escalating Confrontation with Israel and Regional Power Plays GUEST NAME: Sinan Ciddi SUMMARY: Erdogan's Neo-Ottoman ambitions are driving Turkey to increasingly confront Israel through vilifying rhetoric, alleged support for Hamas cells, and a growing military footprint across the Mediterranean and Africa, risking miscalculation and armed conflict in Syria. Erdogan is pursuing Neo-Ottomanism, escalating tensions with Israelthrough vilifying rhetoric and alleged MIT involvement in Hamas plots. Turkey's military expansion, including bases in Somalia and northern Cyprus, and advanced weaponry like drones and hypersonic missiles, positions it to dominate the Mediterranean and challenge Israel. Miscalculation in Syria poses a risk of armed conflict.

CONTINUED HEADLINE: Erdogan's Neo-Ottoman Ambitions: Turkey's Escalating Confrontation with Israel and Regional Power Plays GUEST NAME: Sinan Ciddi SUMMARY: Erdogan's Neo-Ottoman ambitions are driving Turkey to increasingly confront Israel through vilifying rhetoric, alleged support for Hamas cells, and a growing military footprint across the Mediterranean and Africa, risking miscalculation and armed conflict in Syria. Erdogan is pursuing Neo-Ottomanism, escalating tensions with Israelthrough vilifying rhetoric and alleged MIT involvement in Hamas plots. Turkey's military expansion, including bases in Somalia and northern Cyprus, and advanced weaponry like drones and hypersonic missiles, positions it to dominate the Mediterranean and challenge Israel. Miscalculation in Syria poses a risk of armed conflict. 1928 TURKEY

PREVIEW: HEADLINE: Turkey's Military Ambitions: A Standalone War Machine and Regional Tensions GUEST NAME: Sinan Ciddi SUMMARY: John Batchelor speaks with Sinan Ciddi about Turkey's powerful military-industrial base, which is building a "war machine" for strategic autonomy rather than augmenting NATO. This build-up, including offensive capabilities, raises alarms among Turkey's neighbors like Greece and Israel, who perceive revisionist intentions and escalating language from Erdogan toward former Ottoman territories. 1906 OTTOMAN EMPIRE