Podcasts about antibodies

Featuring an interview from Dr John Strickler, including the following topics: Prognostic value of molecular residual disease (MRD) as detected by circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) and optimal incorporation of MRD assays into the care of patients with colorectal cancer (0:00) Potential use of MRD assays for patients with microsatellite instability (MSI)-high localized colorectal cancer or those with delayed progression or metastatic disease (16:09) Tumor-informed MRD assays under clinical development (20:36) Predictive role of ctDNA in Stage III colon cancer treated with celecoxib; effect of low-dose aspirin on response to celecoxib in patients with PI3K pathway alterations (24:19) Case: A man in his late 50s with resected Stage IIA colon cancer (30:06) Case: A woman in her late 40s with Lynch syndrome and MSI-H colon cancer with a solitary, small hepatic metastasis (34:57) MRD as a future clinical trial endpoint for solid tumors; increasing incidence of colorectal cancer in younger people (40:24) Antibody-drug conjugates in the treatment of colorectal cancer (45:13) Perspectives on promising areas of clinical research in colorectal cancer (48:23) CME information and select publications

Dr. Dahl presented a Real Science webinar on heat stress on April 1, 2025. You can find the webinar at balchem.com/realscience. This episode of Real Science Exchange further explores the key elements of Dr. Dahl's webinar.Dr. Dahl talks about geographical differences in whether farms provide cooling for dry or lactating cows. Cows get heat stressed long before humans. Some farms are concerned that using misters for cooling will add too much water to their manure handling systems. He notes a study comparing conventional misters and fans, no cooling, and smart soakers that only provide mist if a cow is present. When the total amount of water (drinking + cooling system) was evaluated, the smart soakers cooled as well as the conventional system, but used the same amount of water as the no cooling group.  (7:08)During the dry period, a main impact of heat stress is a reduction in dry matter intake. However, there are dramatic shifts in immune function and effects on mammary development and redevelopment in cows who experience heat stress in the dry period. This sets the stage for lower productivity in the next lactation. In addition, there are many negative impacts on the in utero calf from heat stress. Calves from heat stressed dams are challenged from a growth standpoint, in addition to organ development challenges in the mammary gland, ovaries, and immune system. These calves are less likely to make it through their first lactation, are less productive, and pass their poor production and survival phenotype on to their offspring. (14:28)Dr. Tao talks about when during the dry period to provide cooling for cows. Spoiler alert: the entire dry period! He also notes that bred heifers should have cooling provided for the last 60 days of gestation as well. Laura asks about the impact of heat stress on neonatal calves and how it may impact their mammary development. More research is needed in this area, and you also have to wait two years to collect data from the first lactation. Dr. Dahl notes that observations from season of birth data indicate lower longevity for calves who are born to heat stressed dams. (18:26)Milk production is decreased by 8-10 pounds per day for cows stressed during the dry period, and they also produce a lower volume of colostrum. Calves from heat stressed dams also have a lower rate of passive transfer of antibodies from colostrum. The panel talks about why that might be, whether or not those gut differences persist after calfhood, and how that might be related to growth differences between heat stressed and cooled calves. (27:30)What about reproduction? It appears that heat stress during the dry period has a negative impact on reproductive function in the subsequent breeding season. Recent research has indicated that calves experiencing heat stress in utero have poor gonadal development and lower follicular reserves. In addition, placental development is also negatively affected. Dr. Tao notes that heat stress negatively impacts mammary gland involution during the dry off period. All of this leads to a decrease in cow longevity. (35:36)Dr. Dahl describes a retrospective records study using Florida and California herds to evaluate cows in their fifth through eighth lactations. In Florida, about three-quarters of those animals were born in cooler parts of the year rather than in hotter months of the year. The pattern in California was similar, though not quite as extreme. (44:02)Dr. Tao and Dr. Dahl expand on the economics of cooling cows, including return on investment and the costs of not cooling. The guests also talk about some of their research abstracts at the 2025 ADSA meetings. (48:10)Panelists share their take-home thoughts. (57:41)Please subscribe and share with your industry friends to invite more people to join us at the Real Science Exchange virtual pub table.  If you want one of our Real Science Exchange t-shirts, screenshot your rating, review, or subscription, and email a picture to anh.marketing@balchem.com. Include your size and mailing address, and we'll mail you a shirt.

“We were able to show multiple datasets that actually deliver against this vision that antibody drug conjugates can improve on and therefore displace chemotherapy” says Dr. Susan Galbraith, AstraZeneca’s EVP of oncology R&D. Galbraith joins Bloomberg Intelligence analyst Sam Fazeli to break down key findings from ESMO — from early-line HER2 breast cancer data to progress in bladder and lung cancer. She details the promise of Enhertu and Datopotamab, AstraZeneca’s antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs), and how their work may transform cancer treatment in curative settings.See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

In this week's Principles of New Biology webinar, Tom read Chapter 2 of his developing booklet: “Then Something Happened.” He explores the idea that humanity experienced a profound shift in consciousness beginning in the 1600–1700s—moving from a vitalistic, ether-based understanding of life to a mechanical, reductionist worldview.This chapter dives into:– Lost ancient knowledge and hidden history– Electromagnetism and the four elements– What “the catastrophe” was and how we chose it– Healing with ether, light, and sound– How to reclaim meaning, coherence, and true vitalityThe session also included Q&A on:– Trauma and where it's stored– Sick sinus syndrome and restoring heart rhythm– Antibodies, blood types & Rhesus factor– Vitality, frozen shoulder, and modern vehicles– Chemotherapy recovery, Rife machines & scalar healing– Healing approaches to Crohn's and animal careSupport the showWebsites:https://drtomcowan.com/https://www.drcowansgarden.com/https://newbiologyclinic.com/https://newbiologycurriculum.com/Instagram: @TalkinTurkeywithTomFacebook: https://www.facebook.com/DrTomCowan/Bitchute: https://www.bitchute.com/channel/CivTSuEjw6Qp/YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCzxdc2o0Q_XZIPwo07XCrNg

Featuring an interview with Dr Kevin Kalinsky, including the following topics: Prophylaxis, Monitoring and Management of Adverse Events of Special Interest with Datopotamab Deruxtecan (0:00) Lisberg A et al. Datopotamab deruxtecan-associated select adverse events: Clinical practices and institutional protocols on prophylaxis, monitoring, and management. Oncologist 2025;30(9). Abstract  Meric-Bernstam F et al. Prophylaxis, clinical management, and monitoring of datopotamab deruxtecan-associated oral mucositis/stomatitis. Oncologist 2025;30(3). Abstract   Clinical Data with Neoadjuvant Datopotamab Deruxtecan from the I-SPY 2.2 Phase II Trial (5:17) Khoury K et al. Datopotamab–deruxtecan in early-stage breast cancer: The sequential multiple assignment randomized I-SPY2.2 phase 2 trial. Nat Med 2024;30(12):3728-36. Abstract  Shatsky RA et al. Datopotamab-deruxtecan plus durvalumab in early-stage breast cancer: The sequential multiple assignment randomized I-SPY2.2 Phase II trial. Nat Med 2024;30(12):3737-47. Abstract  NeoSTAR: A Phase II Study of Response-Guided Neoadjuvant Sacituzumab Govitecan and Pembrolizumab for Localized Triple-Negative Breast Cancer (9:09) Abelman RO et al. A phase 2 study of response-guided neoadjuvant sacituzumab govitecan and pembrolizumab (SG/P) in patients with early-stage triple-negative breast cancer: Results from the NeoSTAR trial. ASCO 2025;Abstract 511.  OptimICE-RD: A Phase III Study Evaluating Sacituzumab Govitecan with Pembrolizumab versus Pembrolizumab with or without Capecitabine for Residual Triple-Negative Breast Cancer (12:56) Tolaney SM et al. OptimICE-RD: Sacituzumab govitecan + pembrolizumab vs pembrolizumab (± capecitabine) for residual triple-negative breast cancer. Future Oncol 2024;20(31):2343-55. Abstract  CME information and select publications

In this episode, we explore how Varda Space Industries is pioneering pharmaceutical manufacturing in microgravity with Chief Strategy Officer Michael Riley and Chief Science Officer Adrian Radocea. The team discusses how removing gravity from the crystallization process enables better drug formulations—creating more stable, bioavailable medicines that don't require refrigeration. From their reusable spacecraft that can manufacture drugs in orbit and return them to Earth, to their vision of making space-based manufacturing routine and "boring," Varda is bridging aerospace engineering and biopharma to solve formulation challenges that have stumped the industry for decades. With $187 million in recent funding and spacecraft currently in orbit, they're transforming science fiction into a manufacturing platform that could expand access to medicines globally.Chapters:(00:00:00) Teaser and Introduction(00:05:00) Meet the Team: From Semiconductors and Global Health to Space Pharma(00:08:00) Microgravity as a Manufacturing Tool: Physics Over Chemistry(00:13:00) Which Drugs Benefit Most? Small Molecules to Antibodies(00:15:00) Bridging Aerospace and Biopharma Cultures(00:17:00) Current Mission: A Lab (and Soon Factory) in Space(00:21:00) Surprising Gravity Effects Even at 800 RPM(00:25:00) Making Space Manufacturing Cost-Effective(00:29:00) The 10-Year Vision: Routine, Industrial, and "Boring"(00:31:00) Hiring Across Aerospace and Pharma + Quick Fire QuestionsEpisode Links:VARDAElliot Hershberg on VARDA Elliot Hershberg and Patrick McCormick on VARDAElizabeth ReynoldsChris Mason Episode ⁠⁠Kate Rubins Episode⁠ ⁠Erika DeBenedictis EpisodeKyle Landry EpisodeGrow Everything brings the bioeconomy to life. Hosts Karl Schmieder and Erum Azeez Khan share stories and interview the leaders and influencers changing the world by growing everything. Biology is the oldest technology. And it can be engineered. What are we growing?Learn more at www.messaginglab.com/groweverythingTopics Covered: space biotech, drug development, space research, low earth orbit, microgravity, crystallization  Have a question or comment? Message us here:Text or Call (804) 505-5553Instagram  / Twitter / LinkedIn / Youtube / Grow Everything

Guest: Gary S. Firestein, MD While cadherin-6 may not yet shift clinical practice in rheumatoid arthritis, its role as a surface-expressed, actionable target opens the door to rapid therapeutic development—particularly with existing antibodies already in clinical trials for urologic cancers. Dr. Gary Firestein discusses the potential for cadherin-6 to become a useful target across multiple diseases. Dr. Firestein is a Distinguished Professor of Medicine and the Senior Associate Vice Chancellor for Health Sciences at UC San Diego.

Featuring perspectives from Dr Aditya Bardia and Dr Adam M Brufsky, including the following topics: Introduction: Antibody-drug conjugates in localized breast cancer (0:00) Case: A frail woman in her late 70s with ER-positive, HER2-low metastatic breast cancer (mBC) receives sacituzumab govitecan after multiple lines of therapy — Eric Fox, DO (7:46) Case: A woman in her early 60s with NTRK-mutant ER-negative, HER2-low recurrent mBC receives trastuzumab deruxtecan — Lai (Amber) Xu, MD, PhD (21:07) Case: A woman in her mid 70s with PIK3CA-mutant recurrent metastatic triple-negative breast cancer who developed a diverticular abscess on neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy receives sacituzumab govitecan and pembrolizumab — Alan B Astrow, MD (31:49) Case: A woman in her mid 60s with ER-negative, HER2-low mBC receives sacituzumab govitecan after experiencing disease progression on capecitabine — Laila Agrawal, MD (38:37) Case: A woman in her late 50s with ER-negative, HER2-low mBC receives trastuzumab deruxtecan after experiencing disease progression on sacituzumab govitecan — Kimberly Ku, MD (44:24) Case: A woman in her early 60s with ER-positive, HER2-low mBC and hyperglycemia receives trastuzumab deruxtecan after experiencing disease progression on capivasertib/fulvestrant — Eleonora Teplinsky, MD (48:50) CME information and select publications

Dr Aditya Bardia and Dr Adam M Brufsky discuss published and emerging datasets investigating the incorporation of antibody-drug conjugates into the treatment of metastatic breast cancer.CME information and select publications here.

Featuring an interview with Dr Aaron Lisberg, including the following topics: Efficacy and Safety of Datopotamab Deruxtecan (Dato-DXd) for Patients with Previously Treated EGFR-Mutated Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC): A Pooled Analysis of the TROPION-Lung01 and TROPION-Lung05 Trials (0:00) Ahn M-J et al. Efficacy and safety of datopotamab deruxtecan (Dato-DXd) in patients (pts) with previously-treated EGFR-mutated advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC): A pooled analysis of TROPION-Lung01 and TROPION-Lung05. ESMO Asia 2024;Abstract LBA7 Ahn M-J et al. A pooled analysis of datopotamab deruxtecan in patients with EGFR-mutated NSCLC. J Thorac Oncol 2025;[Online ahead of print]. Abstract Sacituzumab Tirumotecan for Previously Treated Advanced EGFR-Mutated NSCLC: Results from the Randomized OptiTROP-Lung03 Study (7:08) Fang W et al. Sacituzumab tirumotecan versus docetaxel for previously treated EGFR-mutated advanced non-small cell lung cancer: Multicentre, open label, randomised controlled trial. BMJ 2025;389:e085680. Abstract Zhang L et al. Sacituzumab tirumotecan (sac-TMT) in patients (pts) with previously treated advanced EGFR-mutated non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC): Results from the randomized OptiTROP-Lung03 study. ASCO 2025;Abstract 8507. Combination of Dato-DXd and Immunotherapy as First-Line Therapy for Patients with Advanced NSCLC (13:12) Cuppens K et al. First-line (1L) datopotamab deruxtecan (Dato-DXd) + durvalumab ± carboplatin in advanced or metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (a/mNSCLC): Results from TROPION-Lung04 (cohorts 2 and 4). ESMO Targeted Anticancer Therapies Congress 2025;Abstract 8O. Okamoto I et al. TROPION-Lung07: Phase III study of Dato-DXd + pembrolizumab ± platinum-based chemotherapy as 1L therapy for advanced non-small-cell lung cancer. Future Oncol 2024;20(37):2927-36. Abstract Levy BP et al. TROPION-Lung08: Phase III study of datopotamab deruxtecan plus pembrolizumab as first-line therapy for advanced NSCLC. Future Oncol 2023;19(21):1461-72. Abstract Aggarwal C et al. AVANZAR: Phase III study of datopotamab deruxtecan (Dato-DXd) + durvalumab + carboplatin as 1L treatment of advanced/mNSCLC. World Conference on Lung Cancer (WCLC) 2023;Abstract P2.04-02. TROP2-Targeting Antibody-Drug Conjugates as Neoadjuvant and/or Adjuvant Therapy for Patients with Resectable NSCLC (19:08) A phase III, randomised, open-label, global study of adjuvant datopotamab deruxtecan (Dato-DXd) in combination with rilvegostomig or rilvegostomig monotherapy versus standard of care, following complete tumour resection, in participants with Stage I adenocarcinoma non-small cell lung cancer who are ctDNA-positive or have high-risk pathological features (TROPION-Lung12). NCT06564844 Cascone T et al. Perioperative durvalumab plus chemotherapy plus new agents for resectable non-small-cell lung cancer: The platform phase 2 NeoCOAST-2 trial. Nat Med 2025;31(8):2788-96. Abstract CME information and select publications

Dr Aaron Lisberg from the University of California, Los Angeles discusses recent developments with TROP2-directed antibody-drug conjugates in the management of non-small cell lung cancer. CME information and select publications here.

TWiV reviews continuing US measles outbreak, host and genetic variations that regulate antibody responses to hepatitis C virus, and varicella-zoster reactivation and the risk of dementia. Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Alan Dove, Brianne Barker, and Angela Mingarelli Subscribe (free): Apple Podcasts, RSS, email Become a patron of TWiV! Links for this episode Support science education at MicrobeTV Mass firings at CDC (Time) Measles cases continue to climb in US (NPR) Immune 100 at The Incubator (Eventbrite) Viral and host variations modulate antibody responses against HCV (Cell Rep) VZV reactivation and risk of dementia (Nature Med) Taking a shot at dementia (TWiV 1207) Demented and crass (TWiV 1249) Letters read on TWiV 1263 Timestamps by Jolene Ramsey. Thanks! Weekly Picks Angela – ‘Am I redundant?': how AI changed my career in bioinformatics Brianne – OpenSpace and their YouTube Channel Alan – Coral City Camera – live view of a reef in Biscayne Bay, FL (and NPR story on it). Vincent – Neck pain relief exercises with Dr. Adam Fields Listener Pick Greg – AI: What could go wrong? and An AI System With Detailed Diagnostic Reasoning Makes Its Case Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees Send your virology questions and comments to twiv@microbe.tv Content in this podcast should not be construed as medical advice.

Shun Lu joins Ben Abbott of The Lancet to discuss the phase 3 HARMONi-6 trial of ivonescimab plus chemotherapy as first-line treatment in advanced squamous non-small-cell lung cancer, which is being presented at ESMO 2025.Click here to read the full articleContinue this conversation on social!Follow us today at...https://thelancet.bsky.social/https://instagram.com/thelancetgrouphttps://facebook.com/thelancetmedicaljournalhttps://linkedIn.com/company/the-lancethttps://youtube.com/thelancettv

Tyler O'Malley is the Vice President of Clinical Affairs, Bioinformatics, and Market Access at Exagen, Inc. Tyler shares his journey in the MedTech industry and discusses Exagen's innovative approaches to autoimmune testing solutions, including cutting-edge diagnostics for lupus and other diseases. With over a decade of experience, Tyler provides insights into the challenges and breakthroughs in the field, highlighting the significance of early diagnosis and personalized treatment, while also discussing the challenges and opportunities in effective leadership during different stages of company growth.   Guest links: https://exagen.com/ Charity supported: Save the Children Interested in being a guest on the show or have feedback to share? Email us at theleadingdifference@velentium.com.  PRODUCTION CREDITS Host & Editor: Lindsey Dinneen Producer: Velentium Medical   EPISODE TRANSCRIPT Episode 066 - Tyler O'Malley [00:00:00] Lindsey Dinneen: Hi, I'm Lindsey and I'm talking with MedTech industry leaders on how they change lives for a better world. [00:00:09] Diane Bouis: The inventions and technologies are fascinating and so are the people who work with them. [00:00:15] Frank Jaskulke: There was a period of time where I realized, fundamentally, my job was to go hang out with really smart people that are saving lives and then do work that would help them save more lives. [00:00:28] Diane Bouis: I got into the business to save lives and it is incredibly motivating to work with people who are in that same business, saving or improving lives. [00:00:38] Duane Mancini: What better industry than where I get to wake up every day and just save people's lives. [00:00:42] Lindsey Dinneen: These are extraordinary people doing extraordinary work, and this is The Leading Difference. Hello, and welcome back to another episode of The Leading Difference podcast. I'm your host, Lindsey, and I am so excited to introduce you to my guest today, Tyler O'Malley. Tyler serves as Associate VP of Clinical Affairs and Market Access at Exagen, Inc., a leader in autoimmune testing solutions. In his role, he oversees clinical trials, bioinformatics, and medical policy development for Exagen's current diagnostic portfolio and pipeline of proprietary solutions. With more than a decade of experience, O'Malley has contributed to more than a dozen clinical trials focusing on clinical validity and utility evidence for autoimmune diagnostics. His expertise is widely recognized with numerous publications in esteemed peer reviewed journals, and notably, he's the first author of one of the largest clinical utility studies in lupus diagnostics. O'Malley graduated from Georgia Gwinnett College with a Bachelor of Science in biology, concentrating in biochemistry. His 11 year career in research and development and medical affairs encompass medical science, education, assay development, and clinical research coordination. Well, welcome to the show, Tyler. I'm so excited to have you here today. [00:02:01] Tyler O'Malley: Thanks, glad to be here. [00:02:02] Lindsey Dinneen: Yeah, absolutely. Well, I would love just starting off by telling us a little bit about yourself, your background, and what led you to MedTech. [00:02:11] Tyler O'Malley: Sure. So, I'm the Vice President of Clinical Affairs, Bioinformatics, and Market Access at Exagen. We're a specialty diagnostics company focused on autoimmune rheumatic diseases. So we develop proprietary testing technology for conditions like lupus, rheumatoid arthritis, Sjogren's disease, as well as many others. And yeah, our focus is trying to find solutions for patients who are dealing with what are many times challenging chronic diseases that can present themselves in very mysterious ways oftentimes. And so, these are challenges that patients have that have, for the most part, gone unsolved for many decades, and so there's a lot of opportunity out there. In terms of, myself, my background, I've been with Exagen for the past 11 and a half years. So I've been doing this for a while now, and I've worked in a couple of different areas within the organization, doing work within the lab assay development, as well as outside the lab doing clinical research, statistical analysis, which led to the bioinformatics role. And then as well as doing some work trying to align our clinical evidence with medical policy for our tests which is the market access role. So, a little bit of everything, but there are some through lines that I assure you do make some sense if you really think about it. [00:03:33] Lindsey Dinneen: Excellent. Excellent. Well, thank you for sharing a little bit about that. There's so much to dive into, but going back a little bit in your story, when you were thinking about careers-- you're a eager high school student ready to embrace college, and you're ready for the next step --is this something that you could have imagined yourself doing or has this always been a passion of yours? Or is this something you kind of found yourself in? [00:03:57] Tyler O'Malley: Not at all. So, no I, so I will say I've always been interested in autoimmunity. So that's always been something that has always piqued my interest, whether I was in high school or college. And so I guess in that sense, it's not a surprise. But the laboratory diagnostics component of it was not something that was on my radar when I was in high school or college. And I guess the journey to Exagen was, after graduating from high school, went and got a bachelor's degree in biology with a biochemistry focus. So, that's sort of my background there. And while I was getting the degree and focusing on biochemistry, I had the opportunity through a resource scholarship at Georgia Tech to work in a graduate lab, which was a really interesting experience where, you know, for a little over a year I had the opportunity to work alongside PhD candidates, postdocs, on a research project that was partially funded and get the experience and understand what it's like to work towards a PhD and what it would look like to kind of go down that path of graduate level research. And I think it had the opposite effect that it was intended to have in that it kind of showed me I didn't want to do that. So, I think in a lot of ways I was happy I had that experience 'cause it showed me before I went down that path that it was something I didn't wanna do. Nothing against it, I guess I wanted to do something that maybe had more of a translational impact, a little bit closer to the patient. And so, finished my degree, and at the time I was living in Georgia, so I finished my degree in Georgia, left and moved out to California, and ended up at Exagen by pure chance through a recruiter. And that was back in 2014, and basically just joined Exagen at the time when it was a smaller company, and grew with the company, and was fortunate enough to have the ability to learn a lot of different functions within the company as it grew, and there were a lot of different things that needed to be done a as the company was growing. And so it, it's been kind of a, an interesting ride since then. [00:06:08] Lindsey Dinneen: Yeah, absolutely. And of course all of those different experiences, I'm sure, have woven their way in, like you said. Sometimes you have to kind of look for that line, but there is one that's, apparent when you look back. So, can you talk a little bit more about the company, what it does, especially in regards to its testing technology, and I'd love to hear about some of the innovation that's just coming out of this incredible organization you're a part of. [00:06:35] Tyler O'Malley: Sure. So our our testing, again, primarily focuses on addressing unmet needs in patients who have autoimmune connective tissue diseases. And specifically we have some proprietary technology around biomarkers that help diagnose systemic lupus. And lupus is kind of the prototypical autoimmune disease in that it can manifest in just about any different way. It can show up in your skin, your heart, your lungs, your kidneys, just about any way you can imagine, and sometimes in multiple different ways. And so in that way, it can be challenging to diagnose 'cause it can look like so many different things. And much of the testing that is used for lupus or has been used traditionally is very antiquated. Antibody tests that were developed many decades ago that have been refined to some extent over the years, but for the most part are not overly sophisticated. So, what Exagen has done over the past 15 or so years is brought forward some technology, that was originally licensed from University of Pittsburgh, looking at measuring a form of the complement system, which is a part of our immune system. It's a very ancient form of our immune system. It's a collection of proteins that come together to help fight off pathogens and help clear debris to keep our our immune system healthy. And what we're able to do is measure essentially the buildup of a complement fragment that builds up on your red blood cells and on your B lymphocytes. And what this does is it gives us a unique ability to detect lupus that's much more sensitive than the conventional means. And what that means, when I say sensitivity, is that it's able to pick up more lupus patients than the conventional testing. So, one way of thinking about this is like, if you have a hundred patients in a room that all have lupus, right? Because they've been assessed by a doctor, they've been clinically diagnosed, and you were to test them, and say your conventional test is 50% sensitive, meaning half of the room would test positive on this test and the other half would test negative. This test that we're talking about here, it would pick up two thirds of the room, right, as opposed to conventional testing, which would pick up fewer patients. So, that's the kind of technology that we're trying to develop here, which is trying to be more inclusive, pick up more patients sooner, give better insights to physicians to combine with their clinical assessments such that patients can get earlier treatments and hopefully stave off some of the more kind of disastrous outcomes of the disease that come with not getting treated soon enough and not getting treated appropriately for their symptoms. [00:09:31] Lindsey Dinneen: Yeah, of course. That's incredibly important and I'm so glad that the company is working to create those solutions, like you said, because previous methods while maybe somewhat useful, are more antiquated at this point. And so it's really important to have these new strides in innovation. So as you're dealing with all of this, I'm sure that there are stories that have come up about real people having impacted lives because of the technology that your company is bringing. Do you have any examples that you could share with us about that? [00:10:05] Tyler O'Malley: Sure. Yeah, there's been a number of individuals that we've had the fortune of meeting over the years. And they come and share the story with our team. We like to bring folks in with, for example, when we bring on new sales team members, we try to bring on a patient just to be able to share their story. So, recently we had an individual, who is connected to someone who works in our organization-- again, just pure chance-- who happened to have a very unique story. So first of all, lupus, for those who don't know, is a condition that primarily affects women. Lupus is a disease that affects women at a ratio of nine to one, nine to one female to male or so, in other words, around 90% of lupus patients are women. But that's not to say that it isn't an issue for that subset of of men that do develop lupus. And in fact, the disease tends to be more severe in that 10% of lupus patients that are men. So this individual who we've had the chance to meet and hear his story, really interesting because he's-- you would never know if you met this guy-- because he's a CrossFit guy. He is probably the healthiest guy you can imagine looking at him. But he went a harrowing journey to get to his diagnosis. And it all started with, relatively -- well, I don't wanna downplay it-- but let's call it "less severe symptoms" like alopecia and rashes, things like this that sort of make you think, "Well, gee, that's strange," or "I wonder what that is all about." And then leading up to much, much more severe symptoms like severe edema and pericarditis that was ultimately life threatening. And ultimately, he was able to get the right testing and get to the right doctors, but it was not a short journey from the time that these symptoms initially presented themselves to the time where he was able to get to the test and to get to the right diagnosis and onto the right treatment. The good news is, he's in a much better place now after finding out what's causing his symptoms and getting to a treatment management plan that works for him and he's even back to getting to an exercise routine that works for him. It's maybe not exactly the same as what it was before, but I mean, that's the thing. Now, you can lead a relatively normal life with lupus. It wasn't that long ago, call it several decades ago, where the mortality rate for lupus was as high as 50% in the first year after diagnosis. Treatment advances have greatly improved that and have changed the lives of people who live with Lupus now, but it used to be a very severe diagnosis. It still is, but it's very manageable now. [00:12:54] Lindsey Dinneen: Wow. Yeah. And so catching it and having that answer to, like you said, really difficult health journey where you're just not sure what's going on. And I really appreciate you talking a little bit about how Lupus looks different and manifests itself differently in different circumstances so it can be difficult to initially diagnose. So I love the fact that the company is focusing on things like that, when caught early can maybe make a huge difference in somebody's life like the gentleman you mentioned. Thank you for sharing about that. So now your own career has been really interesting in that you have gotten to do a lot of different things within the company and learn so much. Now as you've continued to grow with the company, you've, I'm sure, developed a lot of different leadership skills along the way, and I'm curious what it's been like in that sense of your journey to embrace leadership and how do you go about it? What have you found works really well, and maybe what advice would you have for somebody who's a little bit earlier in their career? [00:13:58] Tyler O'Malley: Yeah. Really interesting question. And I, I guess, my experience was, I came into an organization that was, I think at the time, maybe in the entire company was maybe 60, 70 people. So, as you can imagine, it was a very flat organization. I reported directly to the Chief Scientific Officer when I first joined the organization as a relatively low level R&D employee. So that afforded me, I think, a unique opportunity because I was often involved with project planning and discussions that I don't know that you get that opportunity in different types of corporate settings. And I think what has proven very useful in terms of my development, and as I look back and reflect on kind of what's led me here is, I can just recall, so, so many times, especially early on in, in a startup-- which can sometimes be chaotic and there's a lot of moving parts and things are moving fast-- there would be times where I would be in meetings where I wasn't necessarily expected to do very much, I think, or contribute much. And I would just sort of observe, right? And I think there's so much you can learn through not just listening to the conversation, but the body language of the people around the table. The way that people present, the way that people take criticism, the way that they respond. It was almost like a, it was a lesson every day just watching that. And I think where I thrived and maybe added value at times was realizing when people were talking past one another and just, at times, trying to find a way to come into that and say, "Well, right, but did you consider maybe what this person was trying to communicate here?" And, you can't always resolve those sorts of situations, but sometimes you can. And that's really valuable when you can help two individuals get past an impasse like that. So, and I think it helps you build credibility doing that too, being a bridge builder in that sense. And, and I think, that was something I don't know-- whether intuitively or purely by accident, I don't know-- I figured out over time was that, maybe as a young person in your career, sometimes it can be easy to get caught up on sort of the X's and O's of your job, whatever it is that you're doing-- if you're a computer programmer, you're doing bioinformatics or whatever the case may be-- you can get really caught up in the technical skills that you're trying to hone and develop. But there's so many soft skills that you have to build as well at the same time. And there's the relationships that you build, as well, that you don't know when you're gonna need them or when they'll pay off. But things change at organizations and you're glad when you have those relationships when it comes time to need them. [00:16:51] Lindsey Dinneen: Yeah. Absolutely. Yeah. I love your discussion on the idea of being a bridge builder, because I've been thinking a lot about that recently where there's so much unintentional missed communication, just literally just passing by where, one person is saying something, the other person's saying something, and as an outsider, you're able to have a little bit of a distance to go, "Oh, you're kind of saying the same thing, but I'm not sure that you guys realize that, and here's how." Yeah, that translating is a really important skillset and a fun one when you can nail it down. So as you look towards the future of your own career and the company's trajectory, what are some things that you're looking forward to? [00:17:35] Tyler O'Malley: Well, we obviously have a number of exciting pipeline initiatives that bring a lot of energy to me as I think about what we're trying to do going forward. I'm excited about where the company is headed in terms of its trajectory. I've described my time at the company as, even though I've been at the same company for 11 and a half years or so, I really feel like I've worked for three different companies in that time, in that, there was a period of time that was a startup up until the point the company went public. And then there was this time from when the company was public, where we raised a lot of money, there were a lot of expectations and didn't exactly kind of work out exactly as we had hoped. And then there was a leadership change. And now we're sort of in this third phase now where the arrow's pointing up and we have realigned our strategy here and we found a way to be sustainable and to be able to continue to build on something where hopefully we can continue to find interesting technology that's out there. We have an ongoing partnership with, as an example, Johns Hopkins University to try to develop a test to help address lupus nephritis. So this is a particular form of organ manifestation of lupus. It's one of the more common manifestations of lupus, and one of the more devastating forms of lupus, in that almost 50% of lupus patients will have kidney involvement at some point in their disease. And as much as 10 to 20% of patients who do have lupus nephritis will go on to unfortunately develop end stage kidney disease and require dialysis or kidney transplant. So it's obviously life altering and can be, very impactful to individuals. So, to be able to work on something like that and be able to potentially alter the trajectory of someone's life in that way is pretty cool to think about. And, not everyone gets to do that. I mean, it's not that other jobs aren't meaningful, it's just not everyone gets the opportunity to do that kind of thing. And if you can also find joy in what you're doing in your job. I think that's also great too. I mean, it's really cliche, the things people say, and so I won't do it. The whole, like, " If you like what you do, you never work." Believe me, it's work. I do feel like I'm working sometimes, for sure, but I can't complain. I do, for the most part, have fun with what I'm doing. I'm fortunate enough, I have a great team of people, well-- three teams of people-- that I really enjoy working with, and being able to work with people and see them grow and develop and be a part of that is also super rewarding as well too. So, yeah, I'm just, I'm having a lot of fun. [00:20:26] Lindsey Dinneen: Yeah. Excellent. Wonderful. Well, gosh, I'm gonna pivot the conversation just for fun a little bit. Imagine that you were to be offered a million dollars to teach a masterclass on anything you want. Now, this could be within your industry, but it doesn't have to be. What would you choose to teach? [00:20:45] Tyler O'Malley: I think that-- maybe this is kind of fun, probably not-- but I think that ,I don't know why, and it's funny because it's-- I don't even know if this qualifies because I don't even know how I would teach it-- but I think I'm fairly good at guesstimating numbers and it's really useful in that it helps in a lot of different situations to be able to shortcut math. And to be clear, it's not that I'm doing long division in my head or anything like that, but it's, if you can kind of shortcut and get the approximate number, it can be really useful. And it's a nice kind of party trick too kind of thing. Again, I don't know how I would teach it 'cause it's sort of like it's up here, and I don't know how I would externalize that, but yeah, that's something I feel like would be kind of cool to figure out how I could teach that. [00:21:35] Lindsey Dinneen: Absolutely. Yeah. It's a superpower. So it would be very cool to try to then-- you've got this innate ability-- so then to try to break it down into how does somebody else develop the skill sets that you just sort of possess, and go from there. That would be really entertaining. I love it. Great answer. Okay. And then the next question is, how do you wish to be remembered after you leave this world? [00:21:59] Tyler O'Malley: Yeah. Well, that's a deep question. I think that the most meaningful impact that you can have is the impression you leave on the people that you interacted with, right? And I think, for me, I would just hope that the people that I've had the chance to spend time with-- obviously family, friends, people I worked with, people who worked on my teams-- I would just hope that as they would reflect on the time that we had together, that it would be a memory that was time well spent and that hopefully there are some good shared experiences that we had and that hopefully I left something that was meaningful. But as it relates to the work that we're doing, I hope that the impact that we're having-- some of it has a longer reach than even what we can see today, 'cause I think, truly being selfless is trying to build things that you'll never realize the benefit of: planting trees that you'll never sit under yourself. It's for someone else down the line in the future. [00:23:14] Lindsey Dinneen: Yeah. Yeah. I love thinking about it in those terms too: being willing to do your bits of good and let them go out into the world and not necessarily know the ripple effects and still use that as a worthwhile use of your time. I love that. And then final question, what is one thing that makes you smile every time you see or think about it? [00:23:39] Tyler O'Malley: Yeah, I think the easy answer is probably my kids. So I have two kids, and that's kind of the reprieve from the work life and kind of focusing on all this important stuff that we're trying to do here at work, but being able to kind of break away from that and focus on building them up and watching them grow and develop and become their own person is really cool. It's obviously a unique experience and it's a nice thing to be able to think about when you need something to kind of bring you back up. [00:24:12] Lindsey Dinneen: Yeah, absolutely. Just a different way of looking at the world from such a fun perspective. I love that. [00:24:19] Tyler O'Malley: Yeah. [00:24:20] Lindsey Dinneen: Yeah. Well, Tyler, this has been such a great conversation. I so appreciate your time today telling us a little bit about your story, the company, and all the incredible work that you guys are doing to change lives for a better world. And we are so honored to be making a donation on your behalf as a thank you for your time today to Save the Children, which works to end the cycle of poverty by ensuring communities have the resources to provide children with a healthy, educational, and safe environment. So thank you so much for choosing that charity to support, and thank you so much for being here and thank you for doing what you do. [00:24:59] Tyler O'Malley: Thank you. It's it's been a pleasure. [00:25:01] Lindsey Dinneen: Excellent, and thank you also to our listeners for tuning in, and if you're feeling as inspired as I am, I'd love it if you'd share this episode with a colleague or two and we'll catch you next time. [00:25:14] Dan Purvis:  The Leading Difference is brought to you by Velentium Medical. Velentium Medical is a full service CDMO, serving medtech clients worldwide to securely design, manufacture, and test class two and class three medical devices. Velentium Medical's four units include research and development-- pairing electronic and mechanical design, embedded firmware, mobile app development, and cloud systems with the human factor studies and systems engineering necessary to streamline medical device regulatory approval; contract manufacturing-- building medical products at the prototype, clinical, and commercial levels in the US, as well as in low cost regions in 1345 certified and FDA registered Class VII clean rooms; cybersecurity-- generating the 12 cybersecurity design artifacts required for FDA submission; and automated test systems, assuring that every device produced is exactly the same as the device that was approved. Visit VelentiumMedical.com to explore how we can work together to change lives for a better world. 

Lyme disease shouldn't be a guessing game.In this episode, Nicole Bell—MIT/Duke engineer, author of What Lurks in the Woods, and CEO of Galaxy Diagnostics—shares how her husband's undiagnosed Lyme and co-infections (Bartonella, Babesia) led to a tragic outcome… and why that drove her mission to change the standard of care for tick-borne illness.We break down:-Why antibody tests miss stealth infections -How direct detection (PCR, digital PCR) + sample enrichment improve sensitivity-Smart strategies to test co-infections (e.g., urine antigen for Borrelia, blood enrichment for Bartonella)-Practical tips (timing, pre-test movement/sauna, re-testing windows)-Advocacy: finding clinicians, navigating “normal” labs, and pushing for answersResources mentioned:Galaxy Diagnostics: galexydx.com (education center + testing info)Center for Lyme Action “State of Lyme Disease Research”Pathways for non-licensed practitioners (via Mosaic Diagnostics, Evexia, Rupa) – coming online soonIf you or a loved one is stuck with “inconclusive” results, this conversation offers a roadmap—grounded in science and born from lived experience.

When it's your vision on the line, what choice would you make?In this podcast audit, I speak with Linda, who faced sudden double vision and eye changes that no one could explain at first. What began as mild symptoms quickly turned into Thyroid Eye Disease (TED), forcing her to make tough decisions on when to move beyond homeopathic care and consider Tepezza. We talk about what finally made a difference, what didn't, and how she kept her immune system and hope strong through it all.Tune in to hear what really happens when TED challenges both your health and your trust in the healing process.Episode Timeline: 00:00 - Episode Preview00:57 - Episode introduction02:06 - Quick Note About This Episode04:47 - How Linda found Dr. Eric05:35 - Double vision before diagnosis07:18 - First signs of eye bulging07:41 - Trying homeopathy and IV ozone08:44 - Starting Tepezza for thyroid eyes09:59- Results and improvement after Tepezza11:33 - Side effects and managing them11:19 - Reflecting on timing and decisions13:43 - Time and place for medication15:30 - Antibody progress and stopping methimazole16:53 - Lab testing and ongoing support18:30 - Thyroid eye supplement bundle19:06- Reflections and continued improvement21:41 - Podcast Outro22:02 - Final Thoughts and RecommendationsMentioned in This Episode: Dr. Eric's Book: https://www.amazon.com/Natural-Treatment-Solutions-Hyperthyroidism-Disease/dp/166640408X/ Dr. Eric's Supplement: https://savemythyroid.com/products/ Free resources for your thyroid health Get your FREE Thyroid and Immune Health Restoration Action Points Checklist at SaveMyThyroidChecklist.com High-Quality Nutritional Supplements For Hyperthyroidism and Hashimoto' s Have you checked out my new ThyroSave supplement line? These high-quality supplements can benefit those with hyperthyroidism and Hashimoto's, and you can receive special offers, along with 10% off your first order, by signing up for emails and text messages when you visit ThyroSave.com. Do You Want Help Saving Your Thyroid? Get free access to hundreds of articles and blog posts: https://www.naturalendocrinesolutions.com/articles/all-other-articles Watch Dr. Eric's YouTube channel: https://www.youtube.com/c/NaturalThyroidDoctor/videos Join Dr. Eric's Graves' disease and Hashimoto's group: https://www.facebook.com/groups/saveyourthyroid Take the Thyroid Saving Score Quiz: https://quiz.savemythyroidquiz.com/sf/237dc308 ...

What if the key to unlocking ADC manufacturing success lies in abandoning the platform mindset entirely?Antibody-drug conjugates represent biotech's most promising weapon against cancer: precision-targeted therapeutics that deliver cytotoxic payloads directly to tumor cells while sparing healthy tissue. But beneath the clinical promise lies a manufacturing reality that's rewriting the rules of bioprocess development, demanding analytical strategies that most CDMOs simply aren't equipped to handle.In this deep-dive episode, David Brühlmann sits down with Amanda Hoertz, Vice President of Analytical and Formulation Sciences at KBI Biopharma, where she oversees 300+ scientists across the mammalian network. Amanda's team has cracked the code on some of the industry's most challenging ADC programs, achieving a remarkable 93% batch success rate by rejecting cookie-cutter approaches in favor of molecule-specific development strategies.What you'll discover:The Platform Fallacy: Why treating ADCs like standard monoclonals is costing companies millions and months of development time, and the bespoke analytical framework that's changing everything.Cytotoxic Payload Management: From free drug analysis to employee safety protocols, Amanda reveals the hidden complexities of handling molecules designed to kill cells, including the specialized facilities and analytical methods required for GMP manufacturing.Charge Heterogeneity Mastery: The analytical method that "keeps Amanda up at night," and the development strategies her team uses to achieve robust separation and qualification across multiple sites and analysts.This episode delivers the technical depth and strategic insights that bioprocess engineers need to navigate ADC development successfully. Whether you're evaluating CDMO partnerships, optimizing analytical methods, or scaling complex conjugates, Amanda's proven strategies will transform your approach to these game-changing therapeutics.Ready to master the analytical complexities that make or break ADC programs?Connect with Amanda Hoertz:LinkedIn: www.linkedin.com/in/amanda-hoertz-3aba605KBI Biopharma: www.kbibiopharma.comKBI Portal: www.standalone.kbi.bioNext step:Book a 20-minute call to help you get started on any questions you may have about bioprocessing analytics: https://bruehlmann-consulting.com/call

As drug development pushes into more complex antibody formats, the big question is: how do you really assess developability? In this episode, host Nimish Gera speaks with Shamit Shrivastava, Ph.D., founder and CEO of Apoha, to dive into Liquid Brain, his interdisciplinary innovation that's changing the way researchers tackle developability of challenging antibody-based drugs. Shamit breaks down what makes Liquid Brain different from traditional developability methods, reveals how it's unlocking new possibilities for complex format development, and shares a glimpse into Apoha's future-including an exclusive preview of what's coming at PEGS Europe this November. 

Dr. Hope Rugo and Dr. Giuseppe Curigliano discuss recent developments in the field of bispecific antibodies for hematologic and solid tumors, including strategies to optimize the design and delivery of the immunotherapy. TRANSCRIPT Dr. Hope Rugo: Hello and welcome to By the Book, a podcast series from ASCO that features engaging conversations between editors and authors of the ASCO Educational Book. I am your host, Dr. Hope Rugo. I am the director of the Women's Cancers Program and division chief of breast medical oncology at the City of Hope Cancer Center. I am also the editor-in-chief of the Educational Book. Bispecific antibodies represent an innovative and advanced therapeutic platform in hematologic and solid tumors. And today, I am delighted to be joined by Dr. Giuseppe Curigliano to discuss the current landscape of bispecific antibodies and their potential to reshape the future of precision oncology. Dr. Curigliano was the last author of an ASCO Educational Book piece for 2025 titled, "Bispecific Antibodies in Hematologic and Solid Tumors: Current Landscape and Therapeutic Advances." Dr. Curigliano is a breast medical oncologist and the director of the Early Drug Development Division and chair of the Experimental Therapeutics Program at the European Institute of Oncology in Milan. He is also a full professor of medical oncology at the University of Milan. You can find our disclosures in the transcript of this episode. Dr. Curigliano, Giuseppe, welcome and thanks for being here. Dr. Giuseppe Curigliano: Thanks a lot for the invitation. Dr. Hope Rugo: Giuseppe, I would like to first ask you to provide some context for our listeners on how these novel therapeutics work. And then perhaps you could tell us about recent developments in the field of bispecific antibodies for oncology. We are at a time when antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) are all the rage and, trying to improve on the targeting of specific antigens, proteins, receptors in the field of oncology is certainly a hot and emerging topic. Dr. Giuseppe Curigliano: So, thanks a lot. I believe really it was very challenging to try to summarize all the bispecific antibodies that are under development in multiple solid tumors. So, the first thing that I would like to highlight is the context and the mechanism of action of bispecific antibodies. Bispecific antibodies represent a groundbreaking advancement in cancer immunotherapy, because these engineered molecules have the unique ability to target and simultaneously bind to two distinct antigens. That is why we call them bispecific. So typically, one antigen is expressed on the tumor cell and the other one is expressed on the immune effectors, like T-cell or natural killer cells. So this dual targeting mechanism offers several key advantages over conventional monoclonal antibodies because you can target at the same time the tumor antigen, downregulating the pathway of proliferation, and you can activate the immune system. So the primary mechanism through which bispecific antibodies exert their therapeutic effects are: First, T-cell redirecting. I mean, many bispecific antibodies are designed to engage tumor-associated antigens like epidermal growth factor receptor, HER2, on the cancer cell and a costimulatory molecule on the surface of T-cell. A typical target antigen on T-cell is CD3. So what does it mean? That you activate the immune system, immune cells will reach the tumor bed, and you have a dual effect. One is downregulating cell proliferation, the other one is activation of the immune system. This is really important in hematological malignancies, where we have a lot of bispecifics already approved, like acute lymphoblastic leukemia or non-Hodgkin lymphoma.  The second, in fact, is the engagement of the tumor microenvironment. So, if you engage immune effector cells like NK cells or macrophages, usually the bispecific antibodies can exploit the immune system's ability to recognize and kill the immune cells, even if there is a lack of optimal antigen presentation.  And finally, the last mechanism of action, this may have a role in the future, maybe in the early cancer setting, is overcoming immune evasion. So bispecific antibodies can overcome some of the immune evasion mechanisms that we see in cancer. For example, bispecific antibodies can target immune checkpoint receptors, like PD-L1 and CTLA-4. Actually, there is a bispecific under development in breast cancer that has a dual targeting on vascular endothelial growth factor receptor and on PD-L1. So you have a dual effect at the same time. So, what is really important, as a comment, is we need to focus first on the optimal format of the bispecific, the optimal half-life, the stability, because of course even if they are very efficient in inducing a response, they may give also a lot of toxicities. So in clinical trials already, we have several bispecifics approved. In solid tumors, very few, specifically amivantamab for non-small cell lung cancer, but we have a pipeline of almost 40 to 50 bispecifics under development in multiple solid tumors, and some of them are in the context of prospective randomized trials. Dr. Hope Rugo: So this is really a fascinating area and it's really exciting to see the expansion of the different targets for bispecific antibodies. One area that has intrigued me also is that some of the bispecifics actually will target different parts of the same receptor or the same protein, but presumably those will be used as a different strategy. It's interesting because we have seen that, for example, in targeting HER2. Dr. Giuseppe Curigliano: Oh, yes, of course. You may consider some bispecifics like margetuximab, I suppose, in which you can target specifically two different epitopes of the same antigen. This is really an example of how a bispecific can potentially be more active and downregulating, let us say, a pathway, by targeting two different domains of a specific target antigen. This is an important point.  Of course, not all the bispecifics work this way, because some of the target antigen may dimerize, and so you have a family of target antigen; an example is epidermal growth factor receptor, in which you have HER1, HER2, HER3, and HER4. So some of them can inhibit the dimerization between one target antigen and the other one, in order to exert a more antiproliferative effect. But to be honest, the new generation of them are more targeting two different antigens, one on the tumor and one on the microenvironment, because according to the clinical data, this is a more efficient way to reduce proliferation and to activate the immune system. Dr. Hope Rugo: Really interesting, and I think it brings us to the next topic, which is really where bispecific antibodies have already shown success, and that is in hematologic malignancies where we have seen very interesting efficacy and these are being used in the clinic already. But the expansion of bispecific antibodies into solid tumors faces some key challenges. It's interesting because the challenges come in different shapes and forms. Tell us about some of those challenges and strategies to optimize bispecific antibody design, delivery, patient selection, and how we are going to use these agents in the right kind of clinical trials. Dr. Giuseppe Curigliano: This is really an excellent question because despite bispecific antibodies having shown a remarkable efficacy in hematological malignancies, their application in solid tumors may have some challenges. The first one is tumor heterogeneity. In hematological malignancy, you have a clear oncogene addiction. Let us say that 90% of the cells may express the same antigen. In solid tumors, it is not the same. Tumor heterogeneity is a typical characteristic of solid tumors, and you have high heterogeneity at the genetic, molecular, and phenotypic levels. So tumor cells can differ significantly from one another, even if within the same tumor. And this heterogeneity sometimes makes it difficult to identify a single target antigen that is universally expressed in an hematological malignancy. So furthermore, sometimes the antigen expressed on a tumor cell can be also present on the normal tissue. And so you may have a cross-targeting. So let's say, if you have a bispecific against epidermal growth factor receptor, this will target the tumor but will target also the skin with a lot of toxicity. The second challenge is the tumor microenvironment. The solid tumor microenvironment is really complex and often immunosuppressive. It is characterized by the presence of immunosuppressor cells like the T regulators, myeloid derived suppressor cells, and of course the extracellular matrix. All these factors hinder immune cell infiltration and also may reduce dramatically the effectiveness of bispecific antibodies. And as you know, there is also an hypoxic condition in the tumor. The other challenge is related to the poor tumor penetration. As you know also with antibody-drug conjugate, only 1 to 3% of the drug will arrive in the tumor bed. Unlike hematological malignancies where tumor cells are dispersed in the blood and easily accessible, the solid tumors have a lot of barriers, and so it means that tumor penetration can be very low. Finally, the vascularity also of the tumor can be different across solid tumors. That is why some bispecifics have a vascular endothelial growth factor receptor or vascular endothelial growth factor as a target. Of course, what do we have to do to overcome these challenges? First, we have to select the optimal antigen. So knowing very well the biology of cancer and the tumor-associated antigens can really select a subgroup of epitopes that are specifically overexpressed in cancer cells. And so we need to design bispecifics according to the tumor type. Second, optimize the antibody format. So there are numerous bispecific antibody formats. We can consider the dual variable domain immunoglobulin, we specified this in our paper. The single chain variable fragments, so FC variable fragments, and the diabodies that can enhance both binding affinity and stability. And finally, the last point, combination therapies. Because bispecific antibodies targeting immune checkpoint, we have many targeting PD-1 or PD-L1 or CTLA-4, combined eventually with other immune checkpoint inhibitors. And so you may have more immunostimulating effect. Dr. Hope Rugo: This is a fascinating field and it is certainly going to go far in the treatment of solid tumors. You know, I think there is some competition with what we have now for antibody-drug conjugates. Do you see that bispecifics will eventually become bispecific ADCs? Are we going to combine these bispecific antibodies with ADCs, with chemotherapy? What is the best combination strategy do you think looking forward? Dr. Giuseppe Curigliano: So, yes, we have a bispecific ADC. We have actually some bispecifics that are conjugated with a payload of chemotherapy. Some others are conjugated with immunoactivation agents like IL-2. One of the most effective strategies for enhancing bispecific activity is the combination therapy. So which type of combination can we do? First, bispecific antibodies plus checkpoint inhibitors. If you combine a bispecific with an immune checkpoint, like anti-PD-1, anti-PD-L1, or anti-CTLA-4, you have more activity because you have activation of T-cells, reduction of immunosuppressive effect, and of course, the capability of this bispecific to potentiate the activity of the immune checkpoint inhibitor. So, in my opinion, in a non-small cell lung cancer with an expression of PD-L1 more than 50%, if you give pembrolizumab plus a bispecific targeting PD-L1, you can really improve both response rate and median progression-free survival.  Another combination is chemotherapy plus bispecific antibodies. Combining chemotherapy with bispecific can enhance the cytotoxic effect because chemotherapy induces immunogenic cell death, and then you boost with a bispecific in order to activate the immune system. Bispecific and CAR T-cells, until now, we believe that these are in competition, but this is not correct. Because CAR T-cells are designed to deliver an activation of the immune system with the same lymphocytes engineered of the patients, with a long-term effect. So I really do not believe that bispecifics are in competition with CAR T-cells because when you have a complete remission induced by CAR T-cell, the effect of this complete remission can last for years. The activity of a bispecific is a little bit different. So there are some studies actually combining CAR T-cells with bispecifics. For example, bispecific antibodies can direct CAR T-cells in the tumor microenvironment, improving their specificity and enhancing their therapeutic effect.  And finally, monoclonal antibody plus bispecific is another next generation activity. Because if you use bispecific antibodies in combination with existing monoclonal antibodies like anti-HER2, you can potentially increase the immune response and enhance tumor cell targeting. In hematological malignancies, this has been already demonstrated and this approach has been particularly effective. Dr. Hope Rugo: That's just so fascinating, the whole idea that we have these monoclonal antibodies and now we are going to add them to bispecifics that we could maybe attach on different toxins to try and improve this, or even give them with different approaches. I suppose giving an ADC with a bispecific would sort of be similar to that idea of giving a monoclonal antibody with the bispecific. So it is certainly intriguing. We also will need to understand the toxicity and cost overall and how we are going to use these, the duration of treatment, the assessment of biomarkers. There are just so many different aspects that still need to be explored.  And then with that idea, can you look ahead five or ten years from now, and tell us how you think bispecific antibodies will shape our next generation cancer therapies, how they will be incorporated into precision oncology, and the new combinations and approaches as we move forward that will help us tailor treatment for patients both with solid tumors and hematologic malignancies? Are we going to be giving these in early-stage disease in solid tumors? So far, the studies are primarily focusing on the metastatic setting, but obviously one of the goals when we have successful treatments is to move them into the early stage setting as quickly as possible. Dr. Giuseppe Curigliano: Let us try to look ahead five years rather than ten years, to be more realistic. So, personally I believe some bispecifics can potentially replace current approaches in specifically T-cell selected population. As we gather more data from ongoing clinical trials and we adopt a deeper understanding of the tumor immuno microenvironment, of course we may have potentially new achievement. A few days ago, we heard that bispecifics in triple negative breast cancer targeting VEGF and PD-L1 demonstrated an improvement in median progression-free survival.  So, how to improve and to impact on clinical practice both in the metastatic and in the early breast cancer setting or solid tumor setting? First, personalized antigen selection. So we need to have the ability to tailor bispecific antibody therapy to the unique tumor profile of individual patients. So the more we understand the biology of cancers, the more we will be able to better target. Second, bispecific antibodies should be combined. I can see in the future a potential trial in which you combine a bispecific anti-PD-L1 and VEGF with immune checkpoint inhibitor selected also to the level of expression of PD-L1, because integration of antibody bispecific with a range of immunotherapies, and this cannot be only immune checkpoint inhibitors, but can be CAR T-cells, oncolytic viruses, also targeted therapy, will likely be a dominant theme in the coming years. This combination will be based on the specific molecular and immuno feature of the cancer of the patient.  Then we need an enhanced delivery system. This is really important because you know now we have a next generation antibody. An example are the bicyclic. So you use FC fragment that are very short, with a low molecular weight, and this short fragment can be bispecific, so can target at the same time a target antigen and improving the immune system. And so the development of this novel delivery system, including also nanoparticles or engineered viral vectors, can enhance the penetration in the tumor bed and the bioavailability of bispecific antibodies. Importantly, we need to reduce toxicity. Until now, bispecifics are very toxic. So the more we are efficient in delivering in the tumor bed, the more we will reduce the risk of toxicity. So it will be mandatory to reduce off-target effects and to minimize toxicity.  And finally, the expansion in new indication. So I really believe you raised an excellent point. We need to design studies in the neoadjuvant setting in order to better understand with multiple biopsies which is the effect on the tumor microenvironment and the tumor itself, and to generate hypotheses for potential trials or in the neoadjuvant setting or in those patients with residual disease.  So, in my opinion, as we refine design, optimize patient selection, and explore new combination, in the future we will have more opportunity to integrate bispecifics in the standard of care. Dr. Hope Rugo: I think it is particularly helpful to hear what we are going to be looking for as we move forward to try and improve efficacy and reduce toxicity. And the ability to engineer these new antibodies and to more specifically target the right proteins and immune effectors is going to be critical, of course, moving forward, as well as individualizing therapy based on a specific tumor biology.  Hearing your insights has been great, and it really has opened up a whole area of insight into the field of bispecifics, together with your excellent contribution to the ASCO Educational Book. Thank you so much for sharing your thoughts and background, as well as what we might see in the future on this podcast today. Dr. Giuseppe Curigliano: Thank you very much for the invitation and for this excellent interview. Dr. Hope Rugo: And thanks to our listeners for joining us today. You will find a link to the Ed Book article we discussed today in the transcript of this episode. It is also, of course, on the ASCO website, as well as on PubMed. Please join us again next month on By the Book for more insightful views on the key issues and innovations that are shaping modern oncology. Disclaimer: The purpose of this podcast is to educate and to inform. This is not a substitute for professional medical care and is not intended for use in the diagnosis or treatment of individual conditions. Guests on this podcast express their own opinions, experience and conclusions. Guest statements on the podcast do not express the opinions of ASCO. The mention of any product, service, organization, activity or therapy should not be construed as an ASCO endorsement. Follow today's speakers:       Dr. Hope Rugo  @hope.rugo  Dr. Giuseppe Curigliano @curijoey Follow ASCO on social media:       @ASCO on X (formerly Twitter)       ASCO on Bluesky      ASCO on Facebook       ASCO on LinkedIn       Disclosures:      Dr. Hope Rugo:   Honoraria: Mylan/Viatris, Chugai Pharma  Consulting/Advisory Role: Napo Pharmaceuticals, Sanofi, Bristol Myer  Research Funding (Inst.): OBI Pharma, Pfizer, Novartis, Lilly, Merck, Daiichi Sankyo, AstraZeneca, Gilead Sciences, Hoffman La-Roche AG/Genentech, In., Stemline Therapeutics, Ambryx  Dr. Giuseppe Curigliano: Leadership: European Society for Medical Oncology, European Society of Breast Cancer Specialists, ESMO Open, European Society for Medical Oncology Honoraria: Ellipses Pharma Consulting or Advisory Role: Roche/Genentech, Pfizer, Novartis, Lilly, Foundation Medicine, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Samsung, AstraZeneca, Daiichi-Sankyo, Boerigher, GSK, Seattle Genetics, Guardant Health, Veracyte, Celcuity, Hengrui Therapeutics, Menarini, Merck, Exact Sciences, Blueprint Medicines, Gilead Sciences Speakers' Bureau: Roche/Genentech, Novartis, Pfizer, Lilly, Foundation Medicine, Samsung, Daiichi Sankyo, Seagen, Menarini, Gilead Sciences, Exact Sciences Research Funding: Merck Travel, Accommodations, Expenses: Roche/Genentech, Pfizer, Daiichi Sankyo, AstraZeneca      

In this bonus episode, Matt and Paul answer Patreon listener questions  on  various topics, including the role of AI in medicine, concerns about antibiotics and their impact on health, insomnia treatments, thyroid health, reflections on career burnout and more. They also share personal anecdotes and insights emphasizing the importance of continuous learning and adaptation in the medical field. Chapters 00:00 Exploring AI in Medicine 04:50 Cultural Shifts in Music Appreciation 10:16 Navigating Medical Questions and Antibiotics 14:57 Insomnia Medications and Sleep Hygiene 19:58 Thyroid Health and Selenium 24:59 Reflections on Career and Burnout 29:55 Closing Thoughts and Gratitude

Dr. Rahul Aggarwal presents emerging treatments for advanced prostate cancer, highlighting rapid advances in drug development. He outlines therapies targeting cancer cell surface proteins beyond PSMA, including CD46, B7-H3, and DLL3, and explains how antibody-drug conjugates deliver potent chemotherapy directly to tumors. He also discusses bispecific T-cell engagers designed to trigger immune attacks on cancer cells, including promising results from agents like Talquetamab. Aggarwal explores new isotopes such as actinium-225 for radioligand therapy, which may offer stronger and more durable responses than current treatments. He emphasizes continued innovation in targeting the androgen receptor, with drugs that degrade the receptor or block androgen production more effectively than existing therapies. Series: "Prostate Cancer Patient Conference" [Health and Medicine] [Show ID: 40813]

Dr. Rahul Aggarwal presents emerging treatments for advanced prostate cancer, highlighting rapid advances in drug development. He outlines therapies targeting cancer cell surface proteins beyond PSMA, including CD46, B7-H3, and DLL3, and explains how antibody-drug conjugates deliver potent chemotherapy directly to tumors. He also discusses bispecific T-cell engagers designed to trigger immune attacks on cancer cells, including promising results from agents like Talquetamab. Aggarwal explores new isotopes such as actinium-225 for radioligand therapy, which may offer stronger and more durable responses than current treatments. He emphasizes continued innovation in targeting the androgen receptor, with drugs that degrade the receptor or block androgen production more effectively than existing therapies. Series: "Prostate Cancer Patient Conference" [Health and Medicine] [Show ID: 40813]

Dr. Rahul Aggarwal presents emerging treatments for advanced prostate cancer, highlighting rapid advances in drug development. He outlines therapies targeting cancer cell surface proteins beyond PSMA, including CD46, B7-H3, and DLL3, and explains how antibody-drug conjugates deliver potent chemotherapy directly to tumors. He also discusses bispecific T-cell engagers designed to trigger immune attacks on cancer cells, including promising results from agents like Talquetamab. Aggarwal explores new isotopes such as actinium-225 for radioligand therapy, which may offer stronger and more durable responses than current treatments. He emphasizes continued innovation in targeting the androgen receptor, with drugs that degrade the receptor or block androgen production more effectively than existing therapies. Series: "Prostate Cancer Patient Conference" [Health and Medicine] [Show ID: 40813]

Dr. Rahul Aggarwal presents emerging treatments for advanced prostate cancer, highlighting rapid advances in drug development. He outlines therapies targeting cancer cell surface proteins beyond PSMA, including CD46, B7-H3, and DLL3, and explains how antibody-drug conjugates deliver potent chemotherapy directly to tumors. He also discusses bispecific T-cell engagers designed to trigger immune attacks on cancer cells, including promising results from agents like Talquetamab. Aggarwal explores new isotopes such as actinium-225 for radioligand therapy, which may offer stronger and more durable responses than current treatments. He emphasizes continued innovation in targeting the androgen receptor, with drugs that degrade the receptor or block androgen production more effectively than existing therapies. Series: "Prostate Cancer Patient Conference" [Health and Medicine] [Show ID: 40813]

“I think that this is an area that is exploding. Working with drug development, I see new agents all the time, with unique targets I've never heard about, with targets I have heard about used in a different way. So, I really think we're going to see more and more bispecifics. A lot of these drugs are used second line, third line, fourth line. I would not be surprised if they moved up in treatment, especially as we learn safer ways to give these drugs,” ONS member Moe Schwartz, PharmD, BCOP, FHOP, professor of pharmacy practice at the James L. Winkle College of Pharmacy at the University of Cincinnati, OH, told Jaime Weimer, MSN, RN, AGCNS-BS, AOCNS®, manager of oncology nursing practice at ONS, during a conversation about bispecific antibodies.  Music Credit: “Fireflies and Stardust” by Kevin MacLeod Licensed under Creative Commons by Attribution 3.0  Earn 0.5 contact hours of nursing continuing professional development (NCPD) by listening to the full recording and completing an evaluation at courses.ons.org by October 3, 2026. The planners and faculty for this episode have no relevant financial relationships with ineligible companies to disclose. ONS is accredited as a provider of nursing continuing professional development by the American Nurses Credentialing Center's Commission on Accreditation. Learning outcome: Learner will report an increase in knowledge related to the use of bispecific antibodies in the treatment of cancer. Episode Notes  Complete this evaluation for free NCPD. ONS Podcast™ episodes: Pharmacology 101 series Episode 275: Bispecific Monoclonal Antibodies in Hematologic Cancers and Solid Tumors Episode 261: CAR T-Cell Therapy for Hematologic Malignancies Requires Education and Navigation Episode 176: Oncologic Emergencies: Cytokine Release Syndrome ONS Voice articles: An Oncology Nurse's Guide to Bispecific Antibodies Bispecific Antibodies Cross-Discipline Cancer Care ONS Voice oncology drug reference sheets: Amivantamab-Vmjw Blinatumomab Epcoritamab-Bysp Glofitamab-Gxbm Mosunetuzumab-Axgb Tebentafusp-Tebn Teclistamab-Cqyv ONS book: Guide to Cancer Immunotherapy (second edition) ONS course: ONS/ONCC® Chemotherapy Immunotherapy Certificate™ Clinical Journal of Oncology Nursing article: Optimizing Transitions of Care in Multiple Myeloma Immunotherapy: Nurse Roles Other ONS resources: Bispecific Antibodies Video Bispecifics Huddle Card Cytokine Release Syndrome Huddle Card Immune Effector Cell–Associated Neurotoxicity Syndrome Huddle Card DailyMed homepage Hematology/Oncology Pharmacy Association late-breaking news article: The Emerging Use of Bispecific Antibodies with Chemotherapy in Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma To discuss the information in this episode with other oncology nurses, visit the ONS communities.  To find resources for creating an ONS Podcast club in your chapter or nursing community, visit the ONS Podcast Library. To provide feedback or otherwise reach ONS about the podcast, email pubONSVoice@ons.org Highlights From This Episode “It was 2014 that most of us think of as the beginning of bispecifics in cancer, and that was with approval of blinatumomab. That was granted accelerated approval for the treatment of patients with Philadelphia chromosome–negative relapsed or refractory B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia. It is a bispecific that targets CD19-expressing tumor cells and CD3 on T cells. It's the original bispecific T-cell engager and is often called a ‘BiTE.'” TS 2:11 “The term ‘bispecific' means that this is an artificial protein that's developed to hit two different antigens simultaneously. They can be two different epitopes on the same antigen. They can be an antigen on a cancer cell and CD3 on a T cell that kind of recruits the T cell to the cancer. So, there are different types [of bispecific antibodies]. The subtype that we often talk about are bispecific T-cell engagers, which are those bispecifics that do target the T cell. And currently, the target on the T cell that's utilized is the CD3 molecule. That's not the only one that will be used in the future because there's a lot of work being done on other types of T-cell engagers.” TS 4:21 “The targets for lymphoma are CD20. Those are bispecific T-cell engagers that hit CD20 on the lymphoma cell, as well as CD3 on a T cell. ... In myeloma, we have two different targets that have been utilized. One is BCMA or B-cell maturation antigen. That sits on the surface of myeloma cells and on some healthy B cells. ... There's also a target used in myeloma that's called GPRC5D, which stands for G protein–coupled receptor, class C, group 5, member D. ... In small cell lung cancer, there's delta-like ligand 3 (DLL3); it's part of the NOTCH pathway. ... And then this year, we've had a couple agents come out that target HER2.” TS 6:52 “[Toxicities] are very dependent on what your target is. ... The bispecific T-cell engager that's used in myeloma that targets the GPRC5D is also expressed on tissues that produce hard keratin like hair follicles and actually, within the tongue. So the toxicities that we see with that agent are something you wouldn't expect to see if you were using a myeloma agent. You see nail and skin issues. You see taste problems. So it's very specific about the target, which says to me, that every time a new one of these agents comes out, I have to learn about the target that helps me learn about the toxicity. I find that fascinating and really appreciate that.” TS 16:19 “Cytokine release syndrome has been one of the areas that drug development has really focused on to see how they can help mitigate the severity [of it]. ... [One of] the strategies that has been incorporated and studied in clinical trials is the step-up dosing scheme. [It's] where you give initial small doses and over time, increase the dose to the dose you're going to continue with. Usually, monitoring in the hospital is required by the FDA approval for anywhere from 28–48 hours for the first couple of doses. And that's a real common strategy that you'll see. Premedication with H2 blockers, H1 blockers, sometimes steroids. These are also things that are incorporated within the approvals of these drugs and are important to look at.” TS 20:53

Program notes:1:21 Bronchiectasis treatment2:22 Twenty sites in UK3:20 Medical imaging and cancer risk in kids4:20 3000 hematologic cancers5:20 Consider other types of imaging6:23 Head CT increases risk by 35%7:24 Treating pulmonary arterial hypertension8:24 Improved mortality in another trial9:25 Antibody prevention of RSV in healthy infants10:25 Healthy preterm and full term infants11:25 Argues for use of this antibody globally12:25 Antibodies against antibody didn't compromise13:08 End

Dr Kevin Kalinsky from the Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University in Atlanta, Georgia, discusses recent developments with TROP2-directed antibody-drug conjugates in the management of breast cancer. CME information and select publications here.

So last weeks show had an easter egg, unknown even to me. Apparently (and thank you to those who emailed me) one of the bands from last week don't actually exist. So along with the great music you get to hear me philosophise on AI and music. There may be more little chats like this over the next few weeks. But brief. Because we're here for the music, not the sermons! Antibody & Binary Division & Czarina - My Enemy (Vioflesh) cut.rate.box - Fireshine Synpasyche - Blindness SynthAttack - Immortal NZM 99 - Revenge Alienare - Let This Moment Never End Incendie - Decaying Realities (Soj) Touching The Void - Fragment (Substaat) http://synthetic.org/ https://www.youtube.com/@RealSyntheticAudio

Featuring an interview with Dr Kevin Kalinsky, including the following topics: Patient-Reported Outcomes from the TROPION-Breast01 Study (0:00) Pernas S et al. Datopotamab deruxtecan (Dato-DXd) vs chemotherapy (CT) in previously treated inoperable or metastatic hormone receptor-positive, HER2-negative (HR+/HER2-) breast cancer (BC): Patient-reported outcomes from the TROPION-Breast01 study. ASCO 2024;Abstract 1006. Indirect Comparison of Sacituzumab Govitecan and Datopotamab Deruxtecan for Advanced Breast Cancer (5:04) Pathak N et al. Indirect comparison of sacituzumab govitecan (SG) and datopotamab deruxtecan (Dato-DXd) in advanced breast cancer (aBC): Safety and efficacy analysis. San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium 2024;Abstract P1-02-02. BEGONIA: A Phase Ib/II Study of Datopotamab Deruxtecan with Durvalumab as First-Line Treatment for Unresectable Advanced Triple-Negative Breast Cancer (9:53) Schmid P et al. Datopotamab deruxtecan (Dato-DXd) + durvalumab (D) as first-line (1L) treatment for unresectable locally advanced/metastatic triple-negative breast cancer (a/mTNBC): Updated results from BEGONIA, a phase Ib/II study. ESMO 2023;Abstract 379MO. Advances in the Use of TROP2-Targeted Antibody-Drug Conjugates for Breast Cancer: Mechanisms, Clinical Applications and Future Directions (15:35) Tong Y et al. Advances in Trop-2 targeted antibody-drug conjugates for breast cancer: Mechanisms, clinical applications, and future directions. Front Immunol 2024;15:1495675. Abstract CME information and select publications

In the final episode of this two-part series, Dr. Justin Abbatemarco discusses long-term maintenance therapy options.  Show reference:  https://www.neurology.org/doi/10.1212/CPJ.0000000000200504 

In part one of this two-part series, Dr. Justin Abbatemarco discusses what we know and don't know surrounding MOG antibody–associated diseases (MOGADs).  Show reference:  https://www.neurology.org/doi/10.1212/CPJ.0000000000200504 

Exploring Germ Theory, Alternative Health, and Scientific Perspectives.In this episode of the Style and Stewardship podcast, Cher of Style and Stewardship interviews Dr. Tom Cowan, who discusses the importance of asking the right questions in wellness and health. They delve into the concepts of terrain theory versus germ theory, emphasizing the role of nutrition and personal agency in health. Dr. Cowan shares insights on how to approach health holistically, the significance of understanding food sensitivities, and the need for common sense in medical practices. The conversation encourages listeners to take control of their health and question conventional medical narratives.TakeawaysAsking good questions leads to better health outcomes.Healthy plants are not eaten by insects.Terrain theory emphasizes the importance of health over germs.There is no scientific evidence for the existence of viruses.Personal agency is crucial in health management.Nutrition plays a vital role in overall wellness.Avoiding processed foods is essential for health.Common sense approaches to health are often overlooked.Understanding food sensitivities can improve health.Vaccines should be approached with caution.Guest's Bio continued and helpful links:Dr. Cowan continues to actively lecture and interview, sharing information via his website, DrTomCowan.com, where he also offers many of the products he has used personally and in his practice. Additionally, Dr. Cowan offers high-quality beyond-organic vegetable powders, pantry and pasture products on his DrCowansGarden.com website, health and wellness support services at NewBiologyClinic.com, and educational opportunities for practitioners and others at NewBiologyCurriculum.com. Dr. Cowan lives with his wife, Lynda, on rural farmland in Upstate New York. He has three children, one stepson and seven thriving grandchildren. Conversations with Dr. Cowan and Friends PodcastThis episode is a conversation exploring different perspectives on health and science and does not provide medical advice.I'm Cher, a Certified Holistic Nutritionist who strives to educate and encourage you to be an intentional steward of your health and lifestyle. Work with Me: ⁠https://my.practicebetter.io/#/615b0f213980330c58fb3a87/bookings?step=services⁠Book a Free Call: ⁠https://tinyurl.com/5a3nk245⁠Discounted High-Quality Supplements ⁠https://us.fullscript.com/welcome/styleandstewardship/store-start⁠Contact#styleandstewardship #stewardship #holistichealth Chapters- Timestamps00:00 Introduction to Wellness and Questions02:45 Exploring Willard Water05:33 Gardening Insights and Plant Health11:36 Understanding Terrain Theory17:28 Challenging Germ Theory23:23 The Concept of Immunity29:11 Antibodies and Autoimmune Diseases34:36 The Question of Antibody Specificity37:59 Understanding Health and Wellness38:45 Taking Agency in Health41:31 The Four Reasons for Illness53:01 Personalized Nutrition and Food Sensitivities59:51 The Importance of Listening to Your Body01:07:38 Tom Cowan's Daily Nourishment

Is Low Dose Naltrexone (LDN) the answer for lowering thyroid antibodies?This episode explores the real benefits and limitations of LDN for autoimmune conditions like Hashimoto's and Graves' disease. I share what the research actually says, why results are mixed, and why LDN should never replace the foundations of thyroid healing.Listen in to get clarity before deciding if this option makes sense for you.00:00 – Episode Preview00:59 – Podcast Introduction01:23 – How Low Dose Naltrexone Works03:38 – What the Research Says About LDN05:14 – Benefits: Immune Modulation, Safety, and Access06:31 – Downsides: Side Effects, False Hope, and Limitations09:02 – Patient Experiences: Why Results Vary Widely10:27 – Risk vs. Benefit Before Permanent Treatments11:50 – Dr. Eric's Masterclass Invitation13:28 – Podcast Outro13:49 – Final Thoughts: LDN in Graves' vs. Hashimoto'sMentioned in this Episode: https://savemythyroid.com/masterclass To take the Save My Thyroid Quiz visit www.savemythyroid.com/quiz Free resources for your thyroid health Get your FREE Thyroid and Immune Health Restoration Action Points Checklist at SaveMyThyroidChecklist.com High-Quality Nutritional Supplements For Hyperthyroidism and Hashimoto' sHave you checked out my new ThyroSave supplement line? These high-quality supplements can benefit those with hyperthyroidism and Hashimoto's, and you can receive special offers, along with 10% off your first order, by signing up for emails and text messages when you visit ThyroSave.com. Do You Want Help Saving Your Thyroid? Click Here to access hundreds of free articles and blog posts. Click Here for Dr. Eric's YouTube channel Click Here to join Dr. Eric's Graves' disease and Hashimoto's group Click Here to take the Thyroid Saving Score Quiz Click Here to get all of Dr. Eric's published booksC...

Dr Neel Pasricha from the University of California, San Franciso, reviews corneal and other ophthalmic toxicities associated with antibody-drug conjugates and other cancer therapies and strategies for their prevention and management. CME information and select publications here.

Dr Neel Pasricha from the University of California, San Franciso, reviews corneal and other ophthalmic toxicities associated with antibody-drug conjugates and other cancer therapies and strategies for their prevention and management. CME information and select publications here.

Prof Rebecca A Dent from National Cancer Centre Singapore, Dr Hans Lee from Sara Cannon Research Institute in Nashville, Tennessee, Dr Neel Pasricha from the University of California, San Francisco, and Dr Tiffany A Richards from The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center in Houston, discuss strategies to manage ocular toxicities associated with antibody-drug conjugates and other cancer therapies. CME information and select publications here.

Prof Rebecca A Dent from National Cancer Centre Singapore, Dr Hans Lee from Sara Cannon Research Institute in Nashville, Tennessee, Dr Neel Pasricha from the University of California, San Francisco, and Dr Tiffany A Richards from The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center in Houston, discuss strategies to manage ocular toxicities associated with antibody-drug conjugates and other cancer therapies. CME information and select publications here.

Dr Jacob Sands from Dana-Farber Cancer Institute in Boston, Massachusetts, discusses recent developments with TROP2-directed antibody-drug conjugates in the management of lung cancer. CME information and select publications here.

Featuring an interview with Dr Jacob Sands, including the following topics: Management of Adverse Events of Special Interest Associated with Datopotamab Deruxtecan (Dato-DXd) (0:00) Heist RS et al. Clinical management, monitoring, and prophylaxis of adverse events of special interest associated with datopotamab deruxtecan. Cancer Treat Rev 2024;125:102720. Abstract  Sands J et al. Analysis of drug-related interstitial lung disease (ILD) in patients (pts) treated with datopotamab deruxtecan (Dato-DXd). ASCO 2024;Abstract 8623. Intracranial Efficacy of Dato-DXd for Previously Treated Advanced or Metastatic Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) with Actionable Genomic Alterations in the TROPION-Lung05 Study (7:23) Lisberg A et al. Intracranial efficacy of datopotamab deruxtecan (Dato-DXd) in patients (pts) with previously treated advanced/metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (a/m NSCLC) with actionable genomic alterations (AGA): Results from TROPION-Lung05. ASCO 2024;Abstract 8593.  Clinical Evidence Supporting the Combination of Dato-DXd with Immune Checkpoint Inhibition for Advanced NSCLC (12:12) Bessede A et al. TROP2 is associated with primary resistance to immune checkpoint inhibition in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer. Clin Cancer Res 2024;30(4):779-85. Abstract Levy BP et al. TROPION-Lung02: Datopotamab deruxtecan (Dato-DXd) plus pembrolizumab (pembro) with or without platinum chemotherapy (Pt-CT) as first-line (1L) therapy for advanced non-small cell lung cancer (aNSCLC). ASCO 2025;Abstract 8501. Waqar SN et al. First-line (1L) datopotamab deruxtecan (Dato-DXd) + rilvegostomig in advanced or metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (a/mNSCLC): Results from TROPION-Lung04 (cohort 5). ASCO 2025;Abstract 8521. Current and Future Development of Antibody-Drug Conjugates in the Treatment of Lung Cancer (17:11) Tawfiq RK et al. Targeting lung cancer with precision: The ADC therapeutic revolution. Curr Oncol Rep 2025;27(6):669-86. Abstract CME information and select publications

In this episode, Dr Christopher Flowers and Dr John Allan discuss their experience with the use of CD20xCD3 bispecific antibodies in the treatment of patients with relapsed/refractory follicular lymphoma. They also their thoughts on key ongoing clinical trials with bispecific antibodies that they are excited about for their potential to change the standard of care for patients with follicular lymphoma. The overall discussion between these 2 experts includes:Using bispecific antibodies in clinical practice for relapsed/refractory follicular lymphoma, including an overview of the drugs mosunetuzumab, epcoritamab, and odronextamabMonitoring and managing CRS and ICANS when prescribing bispecific antibodies to patients with relapsed/refractory follicular lymphoma Promising ongoing clinical trials with bispecific antibodies for patients with follicular lymphoma, such as EPCORE FL-1 with epcoritamab, OLYMPIA-5 with odronextamab, and SOUNDTRACK-F1 with surovatamigPresenters: Dr Christopher Flowers Division Head, Division of Cancer MedicineChair, Professor, Department of Lymphoma/MyelomaJohn Brooks Williams and Elizabeth Williams Distinguished University Chair in Cancer MedicineMD Anderson Cancer CenterHouston, TexasDr John AllanAssociate Professor of Clinical MedicineDivision of Hematology and Medical OncologyWeill Cornell MedicineNew York, New YorkContent based on an online CME program supported by Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc.

Tolaney focuses on advancing breast cancer treatment through innovative clinical research. She has been instrumental in developing novel therapies and leading key clinical trials, particularly for early-stage HER2-positive breast cancer.     Timestamps   00:09 – Introduction  01:12 – What is HER2-positive breast cancer?  03:00 – Key trials Tolaney has led  07:16 – Antibody-drug conjugates  12:00 - Breast Oncology Guidelines  14:51 – Treatment optimisation   18:27 – Equity in healthcare  21:10 – Mentoring the next generation of oncologists  22:52 – Tolaney's wishes for healthcare 

Episode 19 of onAIRR features a lively and insightful conversation with three outstanding scientists committed to advancing pandemic preparedness. Dr. Lauren Williamson and Dr. Robert Carnahan, both from Vanderbilt University Medical Center, and Dr. Matthew Vogt, from the University of North Carolina, share their passion for viral immunology and the art of discovering and developing therapeutic antibodies. onAIRR's guests provide a behind-the-scenes look at how collaborative research is shaping the future of global health. They introduce the Research and Development of Vaccines and Monoclonal Antibodies for Pandemic Preparedness (ReVAMPP) research network, a major NIH-funded initiative aimed at strengthening pandemic readiness. The conversation explores the use of prototype pathogen approaches to identifying broadly neutralizing antibodies against high-priority viral families, the challenges of balancing breadth versus potency in therapeutic antibodies, and innovative screening methodologies that could transform our ability to respond to future pandemics. Comments are welcome to the inbox of onairr@airr-community.org or on social media under the tag #onAIRR. Further information can be found here: https://www.antibodysociety.org/the-airr-community/airr-c-podcast. The episode is hosted by Dr. Ulrik Stervbo and Dr. Zhaoqing Ding. Announcements and links Lauren Williamson https://www.vumc.org/crowe-lab/person/lauren-williamson-phd Robert Carnahan https://www.vumc.org/crowe-lab/person/robert-carnahan-phd Matthew Vogt https://www.vogtviruslab.com ReVAMPP  https://revampp.org ReVAMPP https://www.niaid.nih.gov/news-events/nih-awards-establish-pandemic-preparedness-research-network  "Prototype Pathogen Approach for Vaccine and Monoclonal Antibody Development: A Critical Component of the NIAID Plan for Pandemic Preparedness” https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiac296  Adaptive Immune Receptor Repertoire Community (AIRR-C) https://www.airr-community.org The Antibody Society (TAbS) https://www.antibodysociety.org AIRR-C Seminar Series https://www.antibodysociety.org/the-airr-community/airr-community-seminar-series

Could treatments many people consider ‘normal' dental procedures, like root canals or mercury fillings, impact your thyroid healing?This episode looks at how dental work might influence thyroid health. I'll explain what mercury amalgams are, why some people feel better after removing them, and why others do not. We'll also cover the debate around root canals and whether they can create ongoing immune stress. The focus isn't on quick fixes but on helping you think through risks and benefits so you can decide what makes the most sense for your healing journey.If your heightened antibodies haven't budged despite your best efforts, this could give you a new angle to explore. Tune in now!Episode Timeline: 00:00 – Episode Preview01:32 – Podcast Intro01:56 – Dental Work as a Hidden Trigger for Thyroid Antibodies03:45 – Mercury Amalgams: What They Are & Their Potential Impact06:07 – Root Canals, Bacteria, and Chronic Inflammation Concerns06:25 – Safe Removal & the Role of Biological Dentists09:14 – Comparing Risks: Mercury vs. Root Canals10:16 – Personal Experience with a Root Canal and Implant13:22 – Considerations for Removing Amalgams15:50 – Testing Options for Mercury and Immune Reactions21:50 – Why Antibodies Stay High and Next Steps to Consider22:08 – Podcast Outro22:29 – Bonus Notes: Gum Inflammation, Holistic vs. Biological Dentists, and a Nickel Allergy CaseMentioned In this Episode: Episode with Dr. Eric Kempter: https://savemythyroid.com/podcast/biological-dentistry-and-thyroid-health-with-dr-eric-kempter-064/ To take the Save My Thyroid Quiz visit www.savemythyroid.com/quiz Free resources for your thyroid health Get your FREE Thyroid and Immune Health Restoration Action Points Checklist at SaveMyThyroidChecklist.com High-Quality Nutritional Supplements For Hyperthyroidism and Hashimoto' sHave you checked out my new ThyroSave supplement line? These high-quality supplements can benefit those with hyperthyroidism and Hashimoto's, and you can receive special offers, along with 10% off your first order, by signing up for emails and text messages when you visit ThyroSave.com. Do You Want Help Saving Your Thyroid? Click Here to access hundreds of free articles and blog posts. Click Here for Dr. Eric's YouTube channel Click Here to join Dr. Eric's Graves' disease and Hashimoto's group Click Here to take the Thyroid Saving Score Quiz Click Here to get all of Dr. Eric's published booksC...

Featuring an interview with Dr Erika Hamilton, including the following topics: Monitoring, mitigating and managing adverse events with antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) for breast cancer (0:00) Heist RS et al. Clinical management, monitoring, and prophylaxis of adverse events of special interest associated with datopotamab deruxtecan. Cancer Treat Rev 2024;125:102720. Abstract Management protocols for adverse events associated with sacituzumab govitecan (7:49) García JMP et al. Prevention of sacituzumab govitecan (SG)-related neutropenia and diarrhea in patients with triple-negative or HR+/HER2- advanced breast cancer (ABC; PRIMED): A phase 2 trial. ASCO 2024;Abstract 1101. Pérez-García JM et al. Prevention of sacituzumab govitecan-related neutropenia and diarrhea in patients with HER2-negative advanced breast cancer (PRIMED): An open-label, single-arm, phase 2 trial. eClinicalMedicine 2025;85:103309. Abstract Datopotamab deruxtecan for patients with breast cancer brain metastases or leptomeningeal disease (10:51) Tarantino P et al. DATO-Base: A phase II study of DATOpotamab deruxtecan for patients with breast cancer brain metastases or leptomeningeal disease. ASCO 2025;Abstract TPS1134. Sequencing ADCs in breast cancer (13:12) Pacholczak-Madej R et al. Sequencing of antibody drug conjugates in breast cancer: Evidence gap and future directions. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2025;[Online ahead of print]. Abstract CME information and select publications

Dr Erika Hamilton from Sarah Cannon Research Institute in Nashville, Tennessee, discusses the monitoring, mitigation and management of adverse events with available antibody-drug conjugates and novel strategies incorporating ADCs into the breast cancer treatment paradigm. CME information and select publications here.

Thank you for joining us for our 2nd Cabral HouseCall of the weekend! I'm looking forward to sharing with you some of our community's questions that have come in over the past few weeks…   Anonymous: Hi Dr. Cabral, My OATs test came back with normal markers for bacteria and fungus. I was on an extremely low carb diet when I took the test and was wondering if that could cause a false negative. I have taken herbal Antimicrobials and garlic in the past which sometimes eliminates the bloating and brain fog and does so within a few days but only at double doses and only working temporarily. I have a few mild chronic fungal infections, IBS, cognitive symptoms, and MCAS. Do you think the issue is more likely related to an overgrowth or intestinal permeability caused by MCAS? How should I begin treatment since I am sensitive to many supplements? My food sensitivity test unfortunately showed a false negative to all foods.                                                                                                                                                                Zonia: Hello Dr. Cabral, Thank you for all your insightful information! My husband has lipoma's all over his body ranging from dime size to 1/2 tennis ball. His mom has them too, but very few. He started getting them removed by the dozen and I understand they can regrow. How can we help prevent the regrowth? Also, we have twins (B/G)and are there any labs that can determine if either have the genes or how to minimize the chances they will have any? Thank you in advance!      Chris: Hi Dr Cabral, regarding magnesium intake and supplemental H2: The tablets we have include 80 mg of magnesium for 8ppm H2. If you were going to rely on H2 tablets for your exclusive molecular hydrogen source, how many tablets would you take per day to maximize H2 benefits while maintaining advisable magnesium levels and not too much? Assuming 2 scoops of DNS at breakfast (50mg magnesium) + 2 Full Spectrum Magnesium caps at dinner (250mg). I've been varying from 1-3 H2 tablets/daily throughout the week. I stopped taking a scoop of your very delicious & effective Calming Magnesium before bed (300mg) in order to prioritize the benefits of Molecular Hydrogen, however, would love to add this back in if its not too much Magnesium with everything else. Thank you always.           Anonymous: Hi! I have a couple questions. Might have to submit two for the length. First is about thyroid. My thyroid labs are showing normal TSH .56, low free T4 1.33, low total T3 114, high reverse T3 17.20 & TPO high at 25. Does this indicate Hashimoto hypothyroidism? Is this fixable or will I be on supplements or meds for ever? Is TPO specific to the thyroid or is this indicative of autoimmune issues in general? Im curious what even causes these issues to begin with Thank you so much!                                                                                                                                                                    Anonymous: Hi again, 2nd question. I have a hard time gaining muscle & showing tone. I'm a petite person, and have never really shown muscle tone even in high school despite being in sports.After my third baby I lost muscle. I can tell by my body composition changes.I weigh less but look and feel like it's no muscle & more fat. A PT once was shocked at my glute weakness comparing it to the elder. If I ever take a break in exercising, for about two weeks or more I feel much weaker than before I even started, seems like my strength is decreasing rapidly if I get sedentary for even 2 weeks. Could this have an underlying cause or is this just how some of us are? Should I accept the fact that maybe I won't ever build or show much muscle tone? For reference, 33 y/o female, possible hashimotos and lipedema.       Thank you for tuning into this weekend's Cabral HouseCalls and be sure to check back tomorrow for our Mindset & Motivation Monday show to get your week started off right! - - - Show Notes and Resources: StephenCabral.com/3488 - - - Get a FREE Copy of Dr. Cabral's Book: The Rain Barrel Effect - - - Join the Community & Get Your Questions Answered: CabralSupportGroup.com - - - Dr. Cabral's Most Popular At-Home Lab Tests: > Complete Minerals & Metals Test (Test for mineral imbalances & heavy metal toxicity) - - - > Complete Candida, Metabolic & Vitamins Test (Test for 75 biomarkers including yeast & bacterial gut overgrowth, as well as vitamin levels) - - - > Complete Stress, Mood & Metabolism Test (Discover your complete thyroid, adrenal, hormone, vitamin D & insulin levels) - - - > Complete Food Sensitivity Test (Find out your hidden food sensitivities) - - - > Complete Omega-3 & Inflammation Test (Discover your levels of inflammation related to your omega-6 to omega-3 levels) - - - Get Your Question Answered On An Upcoming HouseCall: StephenCabral.com/askcabral - - - Would You Take 30 Seconds To Rate & Review The Cabral Concept? The best way to help me spread our mission of true natural health is to pass on the good word, and I read and appreciate every review!  

Editor's Summary by Kirsten Bibbins-Domingo, PhD, MD, MAS, Editor in Chief, and Preeti Malani, MD, MSJ, Deputy Editor of JAMA, the Journal of the American Medical Association, for articles published from August 16-22 2025.

If you've ever been told your labs are “normal” but you still feel exhausted, foggy, or off, this episode is your game-changer. In Part 2 of our conversation with thyroid expert McCall McPherson, we go beyond the basics and dive into how to actually understand your lab results, and why so many women are dismissed or misdiagnosed because their numbers fall within outdated, generic ranges. Maria opens up about her own thyroid test results, and McCall breaks it all down: what's truly considered optimal (not just “in range”), what your TSH, T3, and antibodies are really saying, and how understanding your labs can help you take back your energy, mood, metabolism, and more. Because when you can read your labs like a thyroid expert, you stop guessing… and start healing smarter!! HEALERS & HEAL-LINERS:  "Normal" isn't optimal. Most lab ranges are based on averages of unwell people, which means you can feel awful and still be told you're "fine." True healing begins with optimal, not just acceptable. Your labs are a roadmap. TSH alone won't tell the full story. Understanding markers like Free T3, Free T4, Reverse T3, and antibodies can unlock the real reason you feel off and guide you toward real solutions. You can influence your results. Antibody levels can be improved with lifestyle changes. Tracking your labs over time empowers you to measure progress, reduce inflammation, and protect your thyroid health long-term. HEAL SQUAD SOCIALS IG: https://www.instagram.com/healsquad/ TikTok: https://www.tiktok.com/@healsquadxmaria HEAL SQUAD RESOURCES: Heal Squad Website:https://www.healsquad.com/ Heal Squad x Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/HealSquad/membership Maria Menounos Website: https://www.mariamenounos.com My Curated Macy's Page: Shop My Macy's Storefront Prenuvo: Prenuvo.com/MARIA for $300 off EMR-Tek Red Light: https://emr-tek.com/discount/Maria30 for 30% off Airbnb: https://www.airbnb.com/  Join In-Person Heal Retreat Waitlist! https://mariamenounos.myflodesk.com/heal-retreat-waitlist GUEST RESOURCES: Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/mccallmcphersonpa  https://www.instagram.com/modernthyroid  Website: https://www.modernthyroidclinic.com/  Thyroid Lab Guide: https://gift.modernthyroidclinic.com/  ABOUT MARIA MENOUNOS: Emmy Award-winning journalist, TV personality, actress, 2x NYT best-selling author, former pro-wrestler and brain tumor survivor, Maria Menounos' passion is to see others heal and to get better in all areas of life. ABOUT HEAL SQUAD x MARIA MENOUNOS: A daily digital talk-show that brings you the world's leading healers, experts, and celebrities to share groundbreaking secrets and tips to getting better in all areas of life. DISCLAIMER: This Podcast and all related content (published or distributed by or on behalf of Maria Menounos or http://Mariamenounos.com and http://healsquad.com) is for informational purposes only and may include information that is general in nature and that is not specific to you. Any information or opinions provided by guest experts or hosts featured within website or on Company's Podcast are their own; not those of Maria Menounos or the Company. Accordingly, Maria Menounos and the Company cannot be responsible for any results or consequences or actions you may take based on such information or opinions. This podcast is presented for exploratory purposes only. Published content is not intended to be used for preventing, diagnosing, or treating a specific illness. If you have, or suspect you may have, a health-care emergency, please contact a qualified health care professional for treatment.

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Cindy talks with Shane Crotty about his teenage days driving 3 ½ hours every weekend to have his first research experience in marine biology, how that eventually led to studying how vaccines work and how we can make them better, and how immunology research and publishing got a turbo-boost during the pandemic. Hosts: Cindy Leifer Guest: Shane Crotty Subscribe (free): Apple Podcasts, RSS, email Become a patron of Immune! Links for this episode MicrobeTV Discord Server Immune 85 discusses Crotty lab paper on human upper airway immunity Shane Crotty on TWiV657 SARS-CoV-2 immunity Shane Crotty on TWiV684 Persistence of SARS-CoV memory Shane on TWiV802 Another epitope Time stamps by Jolene Ramsey. Thanks! Music by Tatami. Logo image by Blausen Medical Send your immunology questions and comments to immune@microbe.tv Information on this podcast should not be construed as medical advice.