Vaccine to prevent shingles
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Good morning from Pharma and Biotech daily: the podcast that gives you only what's important to hear in Pharma and Biotech world.President Trump has nominated Susan Monarez as the new head of the CDC, facing challenges such as a measles outbreak that has already resulted in two deaths. Merck commits nearly $2 billion for an oral lipid-lowering drug, joining other companies targeting lipoprotein(a). GSK is studying the impact of their shingles vaccine, Shingrix, on reducing dementia risk. Cassava has ended their Alzheimer's program for Simufilam after years of controversy. The average life sciences salaries have increased by 9% in 2024, but bonuses and equity values have dropped. Trump has doubled down on the threat of tariffs on pharmaceuticals. In other news, Opthea and Unity have failed to unseat Regeneron's Eylea in vision disorders, while Alector will be laying off 13% of its workforce. AstraZeneca is making a potential $10 billion commitment to China despite political pressure. Opportunities in the life sciences industry are available at companies like Oncothera, Dyne Therapeutics, Amgen, and Novo Nordisk.
Highlights from Dr. Hoffman's trip to LithuaniaIs there a brand of Boswellia you recommend?I would like to start cooking with coconut oil. What do you recommend?What is the guide to taking strontium for bone health safely?Should I get the Shingrix vaccines after 4 covid shots and the annual flu shot?I've always had my T3 and T4 checked for my thyroid but never T2. How does it work?
Are you worried about developing dementia or concerned about the risk for a loved one? In today's video, I'm excited to share a groundbreaking study published in Nature in July 2024 that reveals a potentially new way to reduce dementia risk!
On today's MJ Morning Show: Tesla recall Creepy story - 12-year-old found with 34-year-old Morons in the news Shingrix helps more than just shingles Hotel room A/C makes woman sick Baby naming laws by state Chloe's experience on her Uber ride Fester walked out of a restaurant... was he right? Top 10 fast food burgers according to USA Today Photo of Olympic surfer in the air The US gymnastics team has a nickname Cheap mid-week and brunch weddings K-Mart under fire for denim shorts for toddlers Lululemon pulls pants off market Rob Lowe says 'St. Elmo's Fire' sequel in early stages Rays stadium approved Tampa Airport construction incident Oscar Mayer Wienermobile crash Someone put Britney Spears' house on the market MJ gave in... updating his notebook to Windows 11 during show Justin Timberlake's drinking buddy took car after arrest Pitt/Jolie adopted son crashed his electric bike... hospitalized Christina Applegate has had only one plastic surgery in her life... Norah O'Donnell is leaving CBS Evening News
The latest episode of the DDW Highlights podcast is now available to listen to below. DDW's Megan Thomas narrates five key stories of the week to keep DDW subscribers up-to-date on the latest industry updates. There have been some interesting developments in neuroscience this week. Perhaps most note-worthy, shingles vaccines Shingrix has been shown to reduce the risk of dementia by 17%, and TikoMed's ALS drug caused a long-term slowing of ALS progression in a Phase II trial. You can listen below, or find The Drug Discovery World Podcast on Spotify, Google Play and Apple Podcasts.
Dr. David Liew discusses abstract POS0620 at Eular 2024 in Vienna, Austria.
Global health care company, GSK, during their recent earnings report, outlined the company's progression in the areas of innovative vaccines and specialty medicines. During the investor call, CEO Emma Walmsley, addressed the earnings, speaking optimistically but realistically about the strategic developments of GSK. Walmsley mentioned that there is firm confidence in GSK's RSV vaccine, Arexvy, seen through market research figures and professional confidence levels.GSK's Performance This QuarterGSK has shown steady performance in Q1 of 2024, with stable growth in its principal areas of operation. The company has seen a 13% rise in sales equating to £7.4 billion. This was accompanied by an increase in core operating profit to £2.4 billion, a 35% growth from last year. GSK's core earnings per share have also risen by 37%. This performance can be attributed to the increasing acceptance of the company's innovative products in the market.The key to this performance is the strategic products, as acknowledged by GSK on its earnings call. These include Arexvy, Shingrix, Ojjaara, and Jemperli, which have been central to the company's growth. Also contributing to the company's stable performance is an ongoing commitment to research and development, facilitating a link between innovation and growth.GSK's Alignment with Consumer Trends and Future PlansMeeting emerging consumer trends, GSK is aligning its product offerings towards innovative vaccines and treatments for complex health conditions. This alignment allows for strategic planning concerning future growth. As the company affirmed on the earnings call, plans for investment into the vaccine portfolio are underway, including the regulatory submission of a new 5-in-1 meningococcal vaccine candidate.In terms of geographic strategy, GSK plans to focus on U.S. for Arexvy, and China for Shingrix. In addition to this, a focus on expanding GSK's HIV portfolio and investing in respiratory therapies is clear, suggesting broadening and strengthening its product range.During the earnings call, Walmsley also discussed the potential impact on the GSK's HIV business from a Part D redesign, aimed at reducing out-of-pocket costs for Medicare beneficiaries. However, GSK was clear that they will not provide specific guidance on the impact at this time and would continually evaluate the situation to adapt their strategies.In summary, the recent performance of GSK in Q1 2024 shows steady growth facilitated by strategic product launches. The company's strategy towards meeting emerging consumer demands and a constant focus on innovation puts it in good stead for the future. However, as with all business performance predictions and evaluations, these assertions require constant review and verification as market conditions continually evolve. This is a public episode. If you would like to discuss this with other subscribers or get access to bonus episodes, visit www.theprompt.email
Using common case scenarios, Robert H. Hopkins, Jr., MD, MACP, and Laura P. Hurley, MD, MPH, discuss strategies for optimizing shingles vaccine uptake, including:The pathophysiology of shingles to better understand risk and burdenCDC guidelines and ACIP shingles vaccine recommendations, including considerations for those who are immunocompromised Strategies for optimizing shingles vaccine uptake no matter the clinical settingHow to address shingles vaccine‒related adverse events Addressing insurance-related concerns Presenters:Robert H. Hopkins, Jr., MD, MACPProfessor of Internal Medicine and PediatricsChief, Division of General Internal MedicineUniversity of Arkansas for Medical SciencesSchool of MedicineLittle Rock, ArkansasLaura P. Hurley, MD, MPHGeneral Internist and Health Services ResearcherAssociate Professor of MedicineDepartment of General Internal MedicineUniversity of Colorado Anschutz Medical CampusAurora, ColoradoLink to downloadable slides:https://bit.ly/4aWn6jhLink to full program:https://bit.ly/4aWBiJ0Get access to all of our new podcasts by subscribing to the CCO Infectious Disease Podcast on Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts, or Spotify.
Dr. Lisa Law and Dr. Randy Taplitz share the latest evidence-based recommendations from ASCO on vaccines in adults with cancer. They discuss recommended routine preventative vaccinations, additional vaccinations and revaccinations for adults undergoing HSCT, CD19 CAR-T treatment, or B cell-depleting therapy, guidance for adults with cancer traveling outside the U.S., and recommendations for vaccination of household and close contacts of adults with cancer. Dr. Law and Dr. Taplitz also share their insights on the guideline, including the importance of this guideline for adults with cancer and their clinicians, future advances in research, and current unmet needs. Read the full guideline, “Vaccination of Adults with Cancer: ASCO Guideline” at www.asco.org/supportive-care-guidelines. TRANSCRIPT This guideline, clinical tools, and resources are available at http://www.asco.org/supportive-care-guidelines. Read the full text of the guideline and review authors' disclosures of potential conflicts of interest in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, https://ascopubs.org/doi/10.1200/JCO.24.00032 The ASCO Specialty Societies Advancing Adult Immunization (SSAAI) Project is supported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) as part of a financial assistance award to the Council of Medical Specialty Societies (CMSS) (with 100 percent funded by CDC/HHS). The contents are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official views of nor endorsement, by CDC/HHS or the U.S. Government. Brittany Harvey: Hello, and welcome to the ASCO Guidelines Podcast, one of ASCO's podcasts delivering timely information to keep you up to date on the latest changes, challenges, and advances in oncology. You can find all the shows, including this one, at asco.org/podcasts. My name is Brittany Harvey, and today, I am interviewing Dr. Lisa Law from Kaiser Permanente and Dr. Randy Taplitz from City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, authors on “Vaccination of Adults with Cancer: ASCO Guideline.” Thank you for being here, Dr. Law and Dr. Taplitz. Dr. Lisa Law: Thank you. Dr. Taplitz: Thank you, Brittany. Brittany Harvey: Before we discuss this guideline, I'd like to take note that ASCO takes great care in the development of its guidelines and ensuring that the ASCO conflict of interest policy is followed for each guideline. The disclosures of potential conflicts of interest for the guideline panel, including Dr. Taplitz and Dr. Law, who have joined us here today, are available online with the publication of the guideline in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, which is linked in the show notes. So then, to dive into the content, here first, Dr. Taplitz, can you provide a general overview of both the scope and purpose of this guideline on vaccination of adults with cancer? Dr. Randy Taplitz: Yes, so people with cancer often experience a compromised immune system due to a variety of factors. This includes chronic inflammation, impaired or decreased function of the hematopoietic system, and treatments that compromise their immune function. Because of this, people with cancer are at a higher risk for infection, including with vaccine-preventable diseases. Also, response to vaccines in patients with cancer may well be affected by this underlying immune status, and their anticancer therapy, as well as the severity of the underlying malignancy. The purpose of vaccination in this group of patients is to prevent infection or to attenuate the severity of the disease when infection cannot be fully prevented. This ASCO review builds on a 2013 guideline by the Infectious Diseases Society of America, or IDSA, and uses what's called a systematic literature review of 102 publications between 2013 and 2023. This includes 24 systematic reviews, 14 randomized clinical trials, and 64 non-randomized studies. The largest body of evidence in these studies, not surprisingly, addresses COVID vaccines on the efficacy and safety of vaccines used by adults with cancer or their household contacts. ASCO convened an expert panel to review this evidence and formulate recommendations for vaccinations in this population. Brittany Harvey: Understood. I appreciate that context, Dr. Taplitz. So then, next, Dr. Law, I'd like to review the key recommendations of this guideline. The guideline addresses four overarching clinical questions. So starting with the first question, what are the recommended routine preventative vaccinations for adults with cancer? Dr. Lisa Law: Thank you, Brittany. Before I start, I just want to wholeheartedly thank the first author of this paper, Dr. Mini Kamboj, Dr. Elise Kohn from the NCI, as well as the ASCO staff in putting this publication and guideline together. It is a very, very important guideline, and I echo everything Dr. Taplitz just said. So going back to your question, what are the recommended routine preventative vaccines for adults with cancer? As per this guideline, there are about 7 to 8 based on patient age and risk. Namely, they are: seasonal flu, RSV for those aged 60 or above, COVID-19, Tdap, Hepatitis B, Shingrix, Pneumococcal vaccine, and the HPV vaccine. These vaccines should ideally be given two to four weeks before therapy. However, non-live vaccines can be given anytime during or after chemo, immunotherapy, hormonal treatment, radiation, or surgery. Brittany Harvey: Excellent. Thank you for reviewing those vaccinations and the timing of them as well. So then, following those recommendations, Dr. Taplitz, what additional vaccinations and revaccinations are recommended for adults undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, CD19 CAR-T treatment, or B-cell depleting therapy? Dr. Randy Taplitz: Many studies have shown that stem cell transplant recipients essentially lose immunity from childhood immunizations, and we know that these individuals are very vulnerable to infection, particularly in the first year after transplant. Revaccination is critical to help restore their immunity. The optimal timing of vaccination is based on our understanding of adequate immune reconstitution with B and T-cell recovery so that the individual can mount a response to the vaccine. We know that a lot of factors influence this immune reconstitution, including the age of the stem cell transplant recipient, the source of the donor, the time from transplant, graft-versus-host disease prophylaxis, the treatment and severity of graft-versus-host disease, and the vaccine type and antigens used. There are a number of bodies throughout the world, IDSA as I mentioned, CDC, American Society for Transplant and Cellular Therapy, European Society for Blood and Marrow Transplant, and European Conference for Infections and Leukemia. All of these bodies have guidelines that approach vaccination in stem cell transplants. However, variation does exist in the use of a variety of things including whether to use immune predictors to help guide vaccination, and there is really not consensus on whether this immune predictor guided vaccination is more likely to produce a protective immune response versus a standardized schedule. In addition, the duration of protection is incompletely understood. The bottom line in these guidelines is that they recommend complete revaccination starting for most vaccines at 6 to 12 months after stem cell transplant, in order to restore vaccine-induced immunity. And I just want to go through a few of the particulars. For COVID-19, which is a three-dose series in the primary series, influenza - generally high-dose influenza - and pneumococcal vaccine, PCV20 in general, ultimately four doses, can be administered, starting as early as three months after transplant. Although there is really not much data to guide the use of the recombinant zoster vaccine in allogeneic stem cell transplant, the vaccine can be administered after the end of antiviral prophylaxis, which in general is 12 to 18 months after allogeneic and 3 to 12 months after autologous stem cell transplant. Some of the other vaccines, such as hepatitis B, Tdap, meningococcal vaccines, and HPV revaccination in those less than 45 are also recommended. I want to also spend the moment talking about the two recently licensed RSV vaccines, which were essentially studied in less compromised hosts and really without any immunogenicity data in stem cell transplant, and thus, there is no recommendation in this guideline for the use of these vaccines after transplant. Live vaccines, such as MMR and varicella – varicella would be in varicella-seronegative patients without a prior history of varicella – should be delayed for at least two years and only given in the absence of active graft-versus-host disease or immunosuppression. Moving briefly to CAR T, which is an immunotherapy that involves adoptive cell therapy, given the available data and after a review by the group, it was recommended that adults with hematopoietic malignancies receiving CAR T therapy directed against B-cell antigens should receive influenza and COVID-19 vaccines either two weeks before lymphodepletion or no sooner than three months after the completion of therapy. Administration of non-live vaccines preferably should occur before CAR T treatment or at least 6 to 12 months after, following the same timing as what we recommend for stem cell transplant. There is really little data to guide the safety and timing of administration of live vaccines after CAR T therapy. In terms of adults receiving B-cell depleting therapy, they are generally unable for time to mount an effective humoral response but may have at least partially intact cellular immune responses. They are encouraged to be revaccinated for COVID-19 no sooner than six months after completion of B-cell depleting therapy, and they should receive influenza vaccine approximately four weeks from the most recent treatment dose for patients on chronic therapy. For other non-seasonal immunizations, vaccines ideally should be given two to four weeks before commencing anti-CD20 therapy or delayed until 6 to 12 months after completion, except for the recombinant zoster vaccine, which can be given one month after the most recent dose of B-cell depleting therapy. Brittany Harvey: I appreciate you reviewing each of those vaccinations and when they should be given, and reviewing the available data – albeit, limited data – in these situations. So beyond these routine preventative vaccinations and revaccinations that you've both just described, Dr. Law, what additional vaccinations does the expert panel recommend for adults with cancer traveling outside the United States? Dr. Lisa Law: Good question. As per these ASCO guidelines, adults with solid or blood cancer traveling outside of the United States should follow the CDC standard recommendations for their destination. For the 2024 CDC Yellow Book, travel vaccines, in general, should be delayed until three months from the last chemotherapy or, and for those with solid tumors, ideally when the disease is in remission. Of note, hepatitis A, typhoid, inactivated polio, Hep B, rabies, meningococcal vaccine, and Japanese encephalitis vaccines are considered to be safe. In all cases of travel, patients should be counseled by their healthcare provider about the travel timing, with the additional attention to the regional seasonality of infections, for instance, influenza is more common in late summer in Australia, and also with attention to any outbreaks that may be occurring globally at the time of travel. Brittany Harvey: Absolutely. Those are key points for clinicians to discuss with their patients as they consider upcoming travel. So then, the final clinical question that the panel addressed, Dr. Taplitz, what vaccinations does the panel recommend for household and close contacts of adults with cancer? Dr. Randy Taplitz: Thank you. Yes, it is recommended that all household members and close contacts, when possible, be up to date on their vaccinations. And the only further thing I would say is that there are some special considerations for the use of live vaccines in household contacts, particularly in stem cell transplant recipients. Contacts of people who receive stem cell transplants should preferably receive inactivated influenza vaccines. As was mentioned, MMR and varicella vaccines are both safe to administer to close contacts. Vaccine strain transmission to immunocompromised hosts has not been associated with MMR use in family members. Eleven cases of the varicella vaccine strain transmission are described in the published literature, but none occurred in compromised hosts. Because the vaccine strain can cause severe and fatal varicella in profoundly immunocompromised people, precautions are advised to avoid close contact with a person with a vaccine-induced rash. For household contact travelers, MMR and yellow fever vaccines are considered safe. Oral cholera should be avoided. For smallpox vaccines, the second-generation ACAM2000 has rarely been associated with vaccinia transmission and should be avoided because of this. But the live replication-deficient MVA-based JYNNEOS vaccine is felt to be safe for household contacts of immunocompromised individuals. Brittany Harvey: I appreciate you reviewing the importance of vaccination for household and close contacts, and some of those precautions that individuals should take. I appreciate you both for reviewing all of these recommendations. So then in your view, Dr. Law, what is the importance of this guideline, and how will it impact both clinicians and adults with cancer? Dr. Lisa Law: In my opinion, this is a very important guideline that is long overdue in the oncology community and will have a huge impact on both clinicians and adults with cancer. Over the years, I have often been asked by my colleagues and patients, “Can I have the flu vaccine, and if so, when?” So this guideline really is going to be helpful. More importantly, our cancer patients are living much longer. They may have years of quality of life even with third or fourth line of treatment, especially, for instance, like CAR T for myeloma and lymphoma. However, we know that with additional treatment, that carries a substantial risk of infection complication among these immunocompromised patients. So it is of paramount importance to inform our patients and colleagues to be proactive in advocating preventive therapy ahead of time, meaning trying to get the patients appropriately vaccinated as early as possible to generate immunity. Another case in point is the Shingrix vaccine. I used to see lots of shingles, but ever since we have the recombinant Shingrix, I have fewer encounters. And this is huge because post-herpetic neuralgia robs a patient's quality of life. So, again, it is very important to recommend appropriate vaccines for our cancer patients. Brittany Harvey: Absolutely. It is key to ensure patients receive these preventative vaccines, and we hope that this guideline puts an emphasis on that for clinicians and patients. So finally, to wrap us up, Dr. Taplitz, what are the current gaps in knowledge regarding the vaccination of people with cancer? Dr. Randy Taplitz: There are a number of really important gaps in knowledge and really critical unmet needs that require research and other dedicated efforts. Among these are, and I think paramount, are really the participation of people with cancer with varied types of immunocompromise in vaccine trials. Where vaccine trials are only for cancer patients, obviously is ideal, testing vaccines in the appropriate population. But when that's not feasible, pre-existing cancer should not preclude eligibility, and inclusion of cohorts of people receiving anticancer treatment should be incorporated prospectively. So that's really critical because the quality of our guidelines is based upon the data. We use the data for developing guidelines and gathering more data in the particular patient population is really, really critical. Secondly, work for creating more immunogenic vaccines and research to understand the immune response to vaccines after immuno-depleting therapies, particularly with newer therapies such as CAR T and newer B cell therapies, bispecific antibodies, etc. is really critical. We need to really understand the immune response and have the most potent vaccines available to these people who may have impaired immune responses. Switching gears a little bit, we really need mechanisms to promote institutional commitment to integrate and sustain immunization best practices for people with cancer. This will largely be through multidisciplinary, team-based approaches, protocol-based vaccination standing orders, and leveraging data sharing so that we can all be on the same page with giving vaccines to these individuals. We also need education and evidence-based decision-making tools, emphasizing preventive care through immunization, the availability of educational resources to clinicians and patients to address commonly asked questions and also misconceptions about vaccination, that's absolutely critical. And finally, I think we need to develop strategies for addressing unique challenges and factors contributing to vaccine hesitancy during cancer therapy. We need to focus on patient and clinician communication, and very importantly, we need to consider health equity considerations in the development and approach to vaccines in these compromised patients. Brittany Harvey: Definitely, we'll look forward to research and advances in these areas that you've just described to support these guidelines and increase vaccine uptake. So I want to thank you both so much for your work on this important guideline, and thank you for your time today, Dr. Law and Dr. Taplitz. Dr. Lisa Law: Thank you. Brittany Harvey: And thank you to all of our listeners for tuning in to the ASCO Guidelines podcast. To read the full guideline, go to www.asco.org/supportive-care-guidelines. You can also find many of our guidelines and interactive resources in the free ASCO Guidelines app, available in the Apple App Store or the Google Play Store. If you have enjoyed what you've heard today, please rate and review the podcast, and be sure to subscribe so you never miss an episode. The purpose of this podcast is to educate and to inform. This is not a substitute for professional medical care and is not intended for use in the diagnosis or treatment of individual conditions. Guests on this podcast express their own opinions, experience, and conclusions. Guest statements on the podcast do not express the opinions of ASCO. The mention of any product, service, organization, activity, or therapy should not be construed as an ASCO endorsement.
Do you have Medicare Part B and Medicare Part D? Vaccinations are covered. Toni discusses what vaccinations are covered by each Medicare Part. Toni discusses the shingles - Shingrix vaccine coverage, and how to best afford your vaccinations. Need more information? Want to be prepared for Take advantage of Toni's brand new video series now a available at www.tonisays.com Remember - with Medicare it's what you don't know that will hurt you! There's so much good information in this podcast, please be sure to share this podcast with your friends! Recognized by feedspot.com as one of the best Medicare Podcasts in the nation! Write Toni - info@tonisays.com. Toni's book is available at www.seniorresource.com and www.tonisays.com You can call Toni at 832-519-8664 Toni welcomes all Medicare questions. Toni now offers informative Medicare Webinars for all of your Medicare needs at www.Tonisays.com You can find Medicare Moments wherever you find your favorite podcasts, such as: Apple: https://apple.co/44MoguGSpotify: https://open.spotify.com/show/7c82BS4hb145GiVYfnIRsoAmazon Music: https://music.amazon.com/podcasts/884c1f46-9905-4b29-a97a-1a164c97546b/medicare-moments?refMarker=null Toni's new book: Maze of Medicare is now available at www.tonisays.com Combining Scripture with Medicare, it is the only book of its kind. Toni's columns appear weekly in about 100 newspapers across America. If you would like Toni's column to appear in your local paper, or if you would like Toni to speak at an event - contact Toni King at 832-519-8664 Thank you for listening and be sure to tell your friends about Medicare Moments! Blessings! Toni King See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.
Loại vắc-xin mới Shingrix vượt trội hơn so với vắc-xin cũ Zostavax trong việc ngừa bệnh giời leo và các biến chứng liên quan. Cần lưu ý điều gì để tiêm phòng hiệu quả?
The new Shingrix vax has just been made free for over 65s.See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.
KSQD 11-22-2023: Supplements and other advice to combat the side effects of the Shingrix vaccine for shingles; Surge in monkeypox during the summer; The many applications of AI in medicine, from drug interaction help to reading mammograms; Are calcium supplements for osteoporosis affecting my Hashimoto's thyroiditis treatment? Using computational science to improve maternal mortalities during childbirth; New research shows how cadmium, an estrogen mimic, contributes to endometriosis; Fusobacterium levels in the uterus are probably another contributing factor for endometriosis; Kombucha drinks lower blood sugar levels, which is good for diabetes; Irregular sleep patterns affects your microbiome; Irregular sleep patterns affects your microbiome and hence health
KSQD 11-08-2023: Go to Santa Cruz Cancer Benefit group (sccbg.org) for Pancreatic Cancer information and awareness event in Santa Cruz on Nov. 19; The physiology of the pancreas; Prognosis for pancreatic cancer is poor; Genetic mutations, smoking, obesity and diabetes are major risk factors; The difficulties of early or any diagnosis of pancreatic cancer; Jaundice is an indicator, but only one out of 5 have the cancer; Lab tests are not very predictive, but circulating tumor DNA holds hope for detection; Can shingles vaccination help prevent dementia?More about genetic influences such as Brca1, Brca2 and KRAS genes; Can shingles vaccination help prevent dementia?
Good morning from Pharma and Biotech daily: the podcast that gives you only what's important to hear in the Pharma and Biotech world. ## Health AI startup Olive is shutting down. The company, once valued at $4 billion, has struggled due to high costs and the failure to secure new funding. This news is a blow to the digital health industry, which has seen a boom in funding recently. ## On another note, Doctors' Management Services has settled claims with the US Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) regarding a ransomware attack that exposed patient information. This settlement marks the first time HHS has taken action against a company for failing to comply with breach notification rules under HIPAA. ## President Joe Biden has issued an executive order for HHS to collect reports on the safety of healthcare AI. This move is part of a larger effort to ensure "safe, secure, and trustworthy" artificial intelligence in healthcare. ## Lastly, Kaiser Permanente has reached a tentative contract deal with a labor union in Washington, preventing a strike by 3,000 workers scheduled for November 1.## In other news, British biopharmaceutical company GSK has reported a 10% increase in sales in the third quarter. This growth can be attributed to strong sales of their respiratory syncytial virus shot Arexvy and shingles vaccine Shingrix. As a result, GSK has raised its outlook for the year.## The US Food and Drug Administration's advisory committee has determined that the off-target analysis for Vertex Pharmaceuticals and CRISPR Therapeutics' sickle cell disease candidate, ExA-Cel, is sufficient.## Astrazeneca has invested $245 million in French biotech firm Cellectis as part of their ongoing efforts to advance cell and gene therapy development. This investment caused Cellectis shares to increase by over 180% in premarket trading.## And finally, a webinar will be held to discuss the optimization of biomarker assays to bridge the gap in clinical trial participation. The use of multiplexed patient-centric assays could help reduce the burden on patients.That's all for today's episode. Stay tuned for more important news in the Pharma and Biotech world.
The pain from shingles has been described as aching, burning, stabbing or shock-like. It's painful, comes with a number of complications and is extremely common. - Rasa sakit akibat herpes zoster digambarkan sebagai rasa sakit terbakar, menusuk, atau seperti syok. Ini menyakitkan, disertai sejumlah komplikasi dan sangat umum terjadi.
Good morning from Pharma and Biotech Daily, the podcast that gives you only what's important to hear in the Pharma and Biotech world. Here are the key points from today's news:GSK has partnered with Chongqing Zhifei Biological Products to expand sales of its shingles vaccine, Shingrix. The company aims to double sales of the vaccine by 2026.Apellis Pharmaceuticals reports steady demand for its new eye drug, Syfovre, despite safety concerns. Prescriptions for the drug have increased in August after a period of side effect investigations.Amgen has completed its $28 billion acquisition of Horizon, despite challenges from the FTC. The deal was delayed due to concerns about product "bundling," but Amgen agreed to requirements to address these concerns.Merck has released data showing a survival benefit for early treatment with its immunotherapy drug, Keytruda, in the perioperative setting. An approval decision is expected later this month.The medtech sector is facing several financial challenges, including declining stock prices, mergers and acquisitions, investment, and revenues, according to a report from consulting firm EY.Walgreens has announced that Tim Wentworth, a former executive at Cigna and Express Scripts, will become its new CEO starting from October 23.Novo Nordisk has ended a Phase III kidney outcomes study of its drug semaglutide early due to strong efficacy signals. The positive results suggest that semaglutide may have a beneficial impact on kidney function.Biotech bankruptcies have been on the rise in 2023, with a record high of 28 bankruptcies in the sector so far this year.Roche's subcutaneous version of its multiple sclerosis drug Ocrevus has shown promise in a Phase III trial. The subcutaneous formulation performed comparably to the intravenous version of the drug.Biotech company Sana has announced staff layoffs and a refocus on its ex vivo cell therapy platform. The company will be reducing its workforce by 29% and reallocating resources to prioritize its hypoimmune platform.These developments highlight both positive and challenging trends in the Pharma and Biotech industry. Stay tuned for more updates on the latest news.
Good morning from Pharma and Biotech Daily, the podcast that gives you only what's important to hear in the Pharma and Biotech world. Today we have some exciting news to share with you.## Bristol Myers Squibb Acquires Mirati TherapeuticsBristol Myers Squibb has announced its plans to acquire Mirati Therapeutics, a developer of drugs for Kras-mutant cancers, for $4.8 billion. This acquisition is part of Bristol Myers' strategy to expand its oncology portfolio and strengthen its position in the field of precision medicine. The deal also includes an additional $1 billion payment if an experimental cancer drug being developed by Mirati gains approval from US regulators.## GlaxoSmithKline Partners with Chongqing Zhifei Biological ProductsIn another deal, GlaxoSmithKline (GSK) has partnered with Chinese pharma company Chongqing Zhifei Biological Products to expand sales of its shingles vaccine, Shingrix, in China. GSK aims to double the sales of Shingrix by 2026. This partnership will help GSK tap into the growing demand for vaccines in China and strengthen its presence in the country's healthcare market.## FDA Rejects Alnylam's Application for Expanded ApprovalThe US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has rejected Alnylam's application for expanded approval of its RNA drug Patisiran for the treatment of a rare heart condition. This setback delays Alnylam's plans to expand the use of Patisiran and highlights the challenges faced by biotech companies in gaining regulatory approval for new drugs.## Resurgence in Mergers and Acquisitions ActivityThe biotech industry is seeing a resurgence in mergers and acquisitions (M&A) activity, with nearly $7 billion in deals announced in the first nine days of October. This increase in M&A activity follows a relatively quiet third quarter and indicates a renewed interest in consolidation and strategic partnerships within the industry. Several FDA decisions to watch out for in the fourth quarter, including verdicts on drugs from Vertex, Bristol Myers, Amgen, Pfizer, and Alnylam, could impact the future growth and profitability of these companies.## HLTH Conference AnnouncementsMoving on to the HLTH conference in Las Vegas, there were several notable announcements. Venture capital firm General Catalyst is planning to buy a health system as part of its new health business, called the Health Assurance Transformation Corporation. Amazon Clinic is considering partnering with physical providers for care referrals, recognizing that some aspects of care are better done in person. Uber has partnered with Optum to add benefits cards to its health platform, making Uber a "patient entry point" into the health benefits system.## Updates in the Health IndustryThe recent three-day strike at Kaiser Permanente has ended, but unions and the health system have not reached an agreement on a new contract for over 75,000 workers. Best Buy is venturing into prescription-based medical device sales by selling continuous glucose monitoring systems. The Drug Enforcement Administration and the Department of Health and Human Services have extended telehealth prescribing rules for controlled substances virtually through the end of 2024. There was also a strike by healthcare workers at St. Francis Medical Center in Los Angeles and the introduction of a buy now, pay later card for medical expenses by PayZen.## Tune Therapeutics' Epigenetic Editing TherapiesTune Therapeutics, a biotech company, is developing epigenetic editing therapies as a potentially safer alternative to CRISPR-style gene therapies. While CRISPR-based treatments hold promise for curing chronic conditions, they also come with safety risks due to potential off-target effects. Tune Therapeutics aims to overcome these risks by "tuning" genes up or down using epigenetic editing. This approach could provide a safer and more precise method of gene editing.## FDA Advisory Committee to Discuss Sickle Cell Disease ApplicationThe FDA adviso
In this episode of the Matter of Vax podcast, host Steph O'Connell discusses shingles and vaccines with guest Dr. Paul Van Buynder, a public health physician and professor in the School of Medicine at Griffith University. Shingles is a common and painful condition that affects a large number of Australians each year, especially those over the age of 50. Dr. Van Buynder explains the long-term consequences of shingles, including postherpetic neuralgia and eye complications He discusses two vaccines available in Australia, Zoster and Shingrix, highlighting the benefits and drawbacks of each and ways to protect oneself against shingles. Visit Immunisation Foundation of Australia for more information Host Steph O'Connell is a public health advocate with 25 years' experience in strategic communications. She became a public voice for vaccinations when her daughter, Lily (23), narrowly survived W strain of Meningococcal on Christmas Day, 2017. Nine months later her sister, Grace, donated a kidney that has since transformed Lily's life. Steph's advocacy for immunisation awareness and vaccination became a collaboration in 2018 with Meningococcal Australia and resulted in Meningococcal vaccination campaigns by the Australian Government Department of Health and NSW Health. Lily's story quickly resonated with audiences and became a national and international appeal for awareness, education and vaccination. Steph's work expanded during the pandemic and today she continues to advocate for improved access to vaccines, public education for lifelong vaccination behaviour and policy reform. MatterofVax, in collaboration with Immunisation Foundation of Australia takes a look at topical immunisation issues on video and podcast. Matter of Vax is produced by Ampel, for Immunisation Foundation of Australia. See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.
Herpes Zoster Ophthalmicus (HZO) can cause multiple ocular issues, most commonly in the anterior segment. What is the role of long-term antivirals and steroids? Is the potential havoc wreaked by HZO more so related to the virus or the inflammatory cascade it initiates? How long should patients be kept on antivirals? When is it safe to administer the Shingles vaccine? Dr. Clara Chan joins the podcast.
10/16/22The Healthy Matters PodcastEpisode - 23 - Community Immunity - Let's Talk Vaccines!Shingrix, PCV-15, PCV-23, Flu Shots, Bivalent....From Shingles, to Pneumonia, to Influenza, and even a little thing called COVID-19 - there's a lot to know when it comes to vaccines. Most of us have been living with them our entire lives, and there are likely more ahead! Join us for Episode 23 of the podcast where we chat with Dr. Kate Hust, Medical Director of the Internal Medicine Clinic at Hennepin Healthcare, to get an overview of the wide world of vaccines and their importance for you and your community.Got a question for the doc? Or an idea for a show? Contact us!Email - healthymatters@hcmed.orgCall - 612-873-TALK (8255)Twitter - @drdavidhildenFind out more at www.healthymatters.org
In this episode, Dr. Tookey and Dr. Wolbrink review Shingles (a painful rash caused by the same virus as chicken pox). They cover what symptoms you can experience as well as how to treat it. More importantly, they talk about the vaccine to prevent it and who should get it. We're providing general guidance but everyone is different and you should always discuss with your health care professional management of any disease and therapy before trying anything you discover from a source on the internet (including this podcast). This podcast does not reflect the opinion of our employer.
Episode 109: Shingles vaccine before 50 Prabhjot and Dr. Arreaza discuss the indications and contraindications of the zoster recombinant vaccine (Shingrix®). Shingrix is now FDA-approved to be used in people younger than 50 years old. Magic mushroom as a therapy for alcohol use disorder. Introduction: “Magic mushroom” as a potential treatment for alcohol addiction By Hector Arreaza, MD. Addiction is one of the biggest challenges in medicine. Patients with addictions are at risk of adverse events or even death from overdose but also are at risk of withdrawal when trying to quit. As medical providers, our goal is to assist our patients to stop using substances that may be toxic and cause detrimental effects on their health in the short and long term. It is not easy to help patients overcome the discomfort, cravings, and even life-threatening symptoms that result from withdrawal. Out of the many addictions, alcohol use disorder is one of the most destructive addictions, and the harms from it go beyond the personal effects, as it affects families, communities, and the whole nation. It is a serious public health issue. It is estimated that 15 million people (12 and older) in the US have alcohol use disorder, and about 140,000 people die every year from alcohol-related causes. Many patients would like to stop drinking, but the withdrawal symptoms may be more than just discomfort and may become unbearable and even fatal. Today I want to share the news published on August 24, 2022, on JAMA and many news outlets regarding the potential use of Psylocibin as an adjunct therapy to quit drinking alcohol. This was a double-blind randomized clinical trial that compared Psylocibin with diphenhydramine. Psilocybin is also known as “magic mushroom”. Participants were offered 12 weeks of psychotherapy and were randomly assigned to receive psilocybin vs. diphenhydramine during 2-day-long medication sessions at weeks 4 and 8. There were 93 participants. The percentage of heavy drinking days during a 32-week period after the first dose of medication was 9.7% for the psilocybin group and 23.6% for the diphenhydramine group. So, patients in the Psylocibin group had decreased heavy drinking, and the mean alcohol consumption was also lower. Blinding was an issue during the study because many participants could guess which medication they were receiving. Some participants described “flying over landscapes, seeing [their] late father and merging telepathically with historical figures.” The bottom line of the study is that administration of Psilocybin in combination with psychotherapy produced a significant reduction in the percentage of heavy drinking days over and above those produced by active placebo and psychotherapy. These are exciting news for those who are trying to quit alcohol, and it provides a foundation for additional research on psilocybin-assisted treatment for AUD. This is the Rio Bravo qWeek Podcast, your weekly dose of knowledge brought to you by the Rio Bravo Family Medicine Residency Program from Bakersfield, California. Our program is affiliated with UCLA, and it's sponsored by Clinica Sierra Vista, Let Us Be Your Healthcare Home. This podcast was created for educational purposes only. Visit your primary care provider for additional medical advice. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Shingrix before 50. By Prabhjot Kaur, MS4, Ross University School of Medicine. 1. What is Shingrix? It's a recombinant zoster vaccine to protect against Herpes Zoster (Shingles) in adults over 50 years old. 2. What is Herpes Zoster? Prabhjot: It's a viral infection that is caused by the Varicella-Zoster virus, which also causes chickenpox. Chickenpox, also called varicella, can happen in children and adults. After a person is infected with chickenpox, the virus remains dormant in the dorsal root ganglia, which are the clusters of neurons along the spinal column. As the person grows older, or his or her immunity decreases due to conditions such as an infection, malignancy, or pregnancy, the dormant virus becomes reactivated. Prabhjot: When the virus reactivates in adults, it presents with a painful, blistering, itchy rash over the specific dermatomes. The rash mostly occurs on the torso, face, or upper extremities, and it is usually only on one side of the body. Arreaza: A common belief in the Latino culture (since our audience sees a lot of patients of Latino descent) is that if the rash crosses the midline of your body and it makes a circle around your chest, you will die. If you, as a doctor, get that question from a patient, the answer is: herpes zoster normally affects the root ganglia on one side of the body. If your patient has bilateral herpes zoster, you must rule out immunodeficiency. The rash may be preceded or followed by pain, burning, numbing, or tingling of the skin. Some patients might even have fevers, chills, fatigue, and photosensitivity. One of the most common complications of shingles is postherpetic neuralgia, which is a long-lasting pain after the blisters and rash have resolved. 3. What is the role of the vaccine? Prabhjot: Shingrix® can reduce the risk of shingles and its complications, such as postherpetic neuralgia. Shingrix is recommended for everyone over 50, even if they have already had shingles, received Zostavax® (discontinued in 2019), or received the varicella vaccine. Arreaza: Good point. Let´s talk a little bit about varicella in adults. Patients who have received the varicella vaccine as a child can still receive Shingrix. Let's remember the chickenpox vaccine (varicella vaccine) became available in the United States in 1995. Normally, a serology test for varicella is not required for people to receive the varicella vaccine as adults, except in certain patients who are planning immunosuppression in the near future. In such cases, if varicella immunity is not reactive, they should be vaccinated against varicella (live attenuated virus) if the immunosuppression can be delayed. Prabhjot: What if the patient is already immunosuppressed? Arreaza: If the patient is already immunosuppressed, the decision is not simple. The varicella vaccine is contraindicated, but some clinicians may recommend Shingrix for the potential protection against primary varicella. Post-exposure prophylaxis with antiviral therapy or immunoglobulin in case of exposure is possible. 4. How is Shingrix given? Prabhjot: Shingrix is given in 2 doses, and each dose is given 2-6 months apart. Its immunity stays strong for at least 7 years. Like most vaccines, the most common side effects of the Shingrix vaccine are redness, tenderness, swelling, and discomfort at the vaccine site. Shingrix is deemed to be safe for most people over 50 but not given to pregnant women, people with active shingles, and or with a severe allergy to the vaccine. Arreaza: Shingrix is generally avoided in patients with a known history of Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) due to a probable association between Shingrix and GBS. This association was not seen with Zostavax, so in case of history of GBS, Zostavax is an option. 5. Effectiveness. Prabhjot: As for its effectiveness, according to the CDC, Shingrix is 97% effective in preventing shingles in adults 50 to 69 and 91% in adults older than 70. If one is immunosuppressed and has a weakened immune system, the vaccine was effective, ranging between 69%-91% in preventing shingles. 6. New update: Prabhjot: New updates have been made to expand the vaccination of the population under 50 as well. On July 23, 2021, the FDA approved the vaccination for adults over the age of 18 who are at an increased risk or will be in the future due to immunodeficiency or immunosuppression. Such immunodeficiency could be secondary to a disease, malignancy, or therapy such as chemotherapy. Just like the prior recommendation, it is recommended for these individuals to receive two doses of Shingrix for the prevention of shingles and its complications. However, the interval between the two doses can be shortened from the recommended 2-6 months to 1-2 months if the person will be going through intense immunosuppression in the upcoming months. This shortened interval will prevent vaccination during an intense immunosuppressed state. The second dose must not be given before one month. 7. When to get vaccinated? Prabhjot: Ideally, one should get vaccinated before starting immunosuppressing therapy; if this cannot be possible, then one should aim for vaccination when their immune response is likely to be the strongest. For example, if it's an immunity-changing disease such as malignancy, the vaccine would be ideal in the beginning stages, and if a person will receive chemotherapy, it would be ideal to vaccinate before starting chemo. 8. Few recommendations from CDC: For Hematopoietic cell transplant: Administer Shingrix at least 3-12 months after transplantation. It is important to consider the vaccine is recommended 2 months before the prophylactic antiviral therapy is discontinued. Since the prophylactic antiviral therapy is also protecting against shingles, the vaccine is preferred to be injected while the antiviral therapy is going on. Arreaza: For allogeneic HCT (when donor is another person), Shingrix should be given a little bit later, 6-12 months after transplant, prior to discontinuation of antiviral therapy. Acyclovir, famciclovir, and valacyclovir will not neutralize the effectiveness of Shingrix because the vaccine is not a live virus vaccine. For cancers: It is ideal to administer Shingrix before chemo, immunosuppressive medications, radiation, or splenectomy. If that is not possible for some reason, administer the vaccine when the patient is stable and not acutely suppressed. For patients on long-term immunosuppressive therapies, administer the vaccine when the immune response is most likely the strongest or right before starting the next cycle of therapy. For patients with HIV: Prabhjot: Shingrix is recommended for patients with HIV due to the high risk of shingles. Immune response to the vaccine may be improved while the patient is on antiretroviral treatment. Bottom line: Shingrix is now recommended not only for those over 50 years old but also for those who are 18 and older and are immunosuppressed or will be on immunosuppressive therapy. This new change will benefit those who are receiving treatment and those who are awaiting treatment. Keep in mind to use the vaccine to prevent shingles and its complications. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Conclusion: Now we conclude our episode number 109, “Shingles vaccine before 50.” We are used to giving Shingrix to patients older than 50, but we were reminded today that it is also indicated in patients older than 18 who are or will be immunosuppressed. Shingrix should be given in 2 doses 2-6 months apart. Your patients may not notice it, but by giving this vaccine, you are PREVENTING a painful rash that can have long-term effects. This week we thank Jennifer Thoene, Hector Arreaza, Prabhjot Kaur, and Arianna Lundquist. Audio edition by Adrianne Silva. Thanks for listening to Rio Bravo qWeek Podcast. If you have any feedback, contact us by email at RioBravoqWeek@clinicasierravista.org, or visit our website riobravofmrp.org/qweek. See you next week! ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ References: Bogenschutz MP, Ross S, Bhatt S, et al. Percentage of Heavy Drinking Days Following Psilocybin-Assisted Psychotherapy vs Placebo in the Treatment of Adult Patients With Alcohol Use Disorder: A Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA Psychiatry. Published online August 24, 2022. doi:10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2022.2096. https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamapsychiatry/fullarticle/2795625. Osborne, Margaret. Psychedelic ‘Magic Mushroom' Ingredient Could Help Treat Alcohol Addiction, Smart News, Smithsonian Magazine, https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/psychedelic-magic-mushroom-ingredient-could-help-treat-alcohol-addiction-180980658/ “Shingles Vaccination.” Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, page last reviewed: 24 May 2022, https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/vpd/shingles/public/shingrix/index.html. “Clinical Considerations for Use of Recombinant Zoster Vaccine (RZV, Shingrix) in Immunocompromised Adults Aged ≥19 Years.” CDC.gov, 20 Jan. 2022. https://www.cdc.gov/shingles/vaccination/immunocompromised-adults.html. “Shingles.” Mayo Clinic, 17 Sept. 2021, https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/shingles/symptoms-causes/syc-20353054. Royalty-free music used for this episode: Salsa Trap by Caslo, downloaded on July, 20, 2022 from https://freemusicarchive.org/music/caslo/caslo-vol-1/salsa-trap/. Space Orbit by Scott Holmes, downloaded on July 20, 2022 from https://freemusicarchive.org/music/Scott_Holmes/.
In this Healthed lecture, Infectious Diseases Physician, Prof Tony Cunningham AO explains which immunocompromised patients should be given the recombinant (Shingrix) vs the inactivated (Zostavax). Prof Cunningham also describes how immunocompromised patients fit into one of three basic categories. Each of these categories warrants a different degree of caution, and each warrants a different approach to vaccination choice. See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.
En este video revisamos las vacunas actualmente disponibles para la prevención de los brotes de herpes zoster y de neuropatía postherpética así como encefalitis; específicamente revisamos la seguridad y eficacia de las vacunas Zostavax y Shingrix así como el paciente ideal para cada una.Checa el video aquí: https://youtu.be/u6Eo4vCTDzsVisita nuestra tienda en línea para comprar nuestros libros y material educativo:https://bit.ly/3i6eAnGSi necesitas una consulta aquí nos puedes encontrar:http://bit.ly/3aUSt12Ayúdanos a encontrar los mejores hospitales para estudiar:https://bit.ly/36o82LXUnete al equipo de Mecenas en YouTube desde 1 dolar al mes: http://bit.ly/2O1AtsXSupport the show
In this week's episode, we discuss the "ACR's 2022 Guideline Summary for Vaccinations in Patients with Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Diseases" with lead author Dr. Anne Bass, Attending Physician in the Division of Rheumatology at Hospital for Special Surgery and a Professor of Clinical Medicine at Weill Cornell Medicine. During our conversation we consider the importance of guidelines for vaccines, the impact certain drugs like rituximab and methotrexate have on vaccinations, cover some vaccine highlights within the guidelines, how these guidelines can aid in navigation with insurance companies and much, much more.
In this week's episode of the Spine & Nerve podcast Dr. Nicolas Karvelas and Dr. Brian Joves discuss Post Herpetic Neuralgia (PHN), the most common complication of Herpes Zoster (also known as Shingles, which is caused by reactivation of the Varicella Zoster Virus). PHN is defined by pain that is typically burning or electrical, and may be associated with allodynia or hyperesthesia in a dermatomal distribution. Pain from PHN is typically sustained for at least 90 days after the rash. PHN is caused by nerve injury due to the inflammatory response induced by viral replication within the nerve. Epidemiologic studies have found that PHN occurs in about 20% of patients who have Herpes Zoster. With the relatively recent development of the preventative vaccine Shingrix (which has been found to be 97% effective in preventing Herpes Zoster) it is anticipated that the total prevalence of Herpes Zoster and PHN will decrease. However, research has repeatedly demonstrated that immunocompromised patients are at a significantly increased risk for Herpes Zoster and PHN (20-100 times increased risk of development of PHN). As of today, the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices has not cleared immunocompromised patients to receive the Shingrex (or Zostavax) vaccine; therefore for multiple reasons PHN will most likely continue to be a prevalent diagnosis. Treatment options for PHN include physical modalities (TENS, desensitization), topical medications (including Lidocaine 5% patch, and Capsaicin), oral medications (including Gabapentin, Pregabalin, Tricyclic Antidepressants), and procedures. Listen as the doctors review Herpes Zoster, PHN, and a recent research article evaluating the effect of the Erector Spinae Plane Block in regards to prevention of PHN once Herpes Zoster has already developed. This podcast is for information and educational purposes only, it is not meant to be medical or career advice. If anything discussed may pertain to you, please seek counsel with your healthcare provider. The views expressed are those of the individuals expressing them, they may not represent the views of Spine & Nerve. References: 1. Zeng-Mao Lin, MD, Hai-Feng Wang, MD, Feng Zhang, MD, Jia-Hui Ma, MD, PhD, Ni Yan, RN, and Xiu-Fen Liu, MD. The Effect of Erector Spinae Plane Blockade on Prevention of Postherpetic Neuralgia in Elderly Patients: A Randomized Double-blind Placebo-controlled Trial. 2021;24;E1109-E1118. 2. Dooling KL, Guo A, Patel M, et al. Recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices for Use of Herpes Zoster Vaccines. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2018;67:103–108.
The FDA votes on whether the Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine should be authorized in 5 to 11 year olds; The Moderna vaccine elicits strong antibody responses in pediatrics; Trial results shed light on booster dose efficacy; Shingrix is recommended for immunocompromised patients; A novel treatment is approved for macular edema associated with uveitis; And Pepaxto is withdrawn following new findings.
Shingles Vaccine – Episode 63, To Your Health with Dr. Jim Morrow Shingles can be very painful and debilitating–ask anyone who’s had it. On this episode of To Your Health, Dr. Morrow discussed what shingles is and offered details about the shingles vaccine, Shingrex, including its effectiveness. Dr. Morrow also provided an update on Covid […] The post Shingles Vaccine appeared first on Business RadioX ®.
Quillay trees are rare evergreens found mainly in the South American country of Chile. And they are increasingly important to producing new vaccines.奎莱树是罕见的常青树，主要分布在南美国家智利。它们对于生产新疫苗越来越重要。The native Mapuche people have long used them to make soap and medicine. In recent years, quillay trees, also known as quillaja saponaria, have been used in the processing of food and drinks. They have also been used to make a highly successful vaccine against shingles, a painful viral disease, and the world's first malaria vaccine.土著马普切人长期以来一直用它们制作肥皂和药品。近年来，奎莱树也被称为皂荚树，已被用于食品和饮料的加工。它们还被用来制造非常成功的带状疱疹疫苗，一种痛苦的病毒性疾病，以及世界上第一种疟疾疫苗。Now, molecules extracted from the bark, or outer covering, of older quillay trees are being used for a COVID-19 vaccine. It is being developed by American drug-maker Novavax. Over the next two years, Novavax plans to produce billions of treatments of the vaccine for use in developing countries.现在，从较老的奎莱树的树皮或外壳中提取的分子被用于 COVID-19 疫苗。它由美国制药商 Novavax 开发。在接下来的两年中，Novavax 计划生产数十亿种疫苗用于发展中国家。Novavax uses two molecules to make adjuvant, a substance that improves the human immune system. One of those, called QS-21, is more difficult to find. The substance is found mainly in quillay trees that are at least 10 years old.Novavax 使用两个分子来制造佐剂，这种物质可以改善人体免疫系统。其中一种称为 QS-21，更难找到。该物质主要存在于至少 10 年树龄的奎莱树中。British drug-maker GlaxoSmithKline uses QS-21 in its highly successful vaccine against shingles called Shingrix. It is also used in several other promising experimental vaccines. The quillay-based adjuvant used in Shingrix is also part of the world's first malaria vaccine, Mosquirix.英国制药商葛兰素史克 (GlaxoSmithKline) 在其名为 Shingrix 的带状疱疹疫苗中使用了 QS-21。它还用于其他几种有希望的实验疫苗。Shingrix 中使用的基于奎莱的佐剂也是世界上第一种疟疾疫苗 Mosquirix 的一部分。Less than one milligram of quillay extract is required to make a vaccine treatment. But the supply of quillay is stretched by the demand from other industries. Quillay products are used as a natural additive in animal feed. They also are used to kill harmful insects and as an agent to reduce pollution in mining.进行疫苗治疗只需要不到 1 毫克的奎莱提取物。但奎莱的供应因其他行业的需求而捉襟见肘。Quilay 产品用作动物饲料中的天然添加剂。它们还用于杀死有害昆虫和作为减少采矿污染的药剂。Some drug-makers are developing a manufactured version of QS-21. But it could take years to get approval. Exchanging the substance for another in any existing vaccine would require new drug tests to prove the product is safe and effective.一些制药商正在开发 QS-21 的制造版本。但获得批准可能需要数年时间。在任何现有疫苗中将这种物质换成另一种物质都需要进行新的药物测试以证明该产品是安全有效的。Jason Paragas, a vice president at drug company Agenus, said, “The shortage of QS-21 has been an issue for a while.” He added, “We saw it before COVID, and we made the hard decision that we had to change.”制药公司 Agenus 的副总裁 Jason Paragas 说：“QS-21 的短缺问题已经有一段时间了。”他补充说：“我们在 COVID 之前就看到了，我们做出了必须改变的艰难决定。”The American company in Massachusetts stopped selling the natural version of QS-21 several years ago. It now centers on trying to grow it from quillay plant cells in a laboratory. Paragas said it is too soon to know when it will be ready.几年前，这家位于马萨诸塞州的美国公司停止销售 QS-21 的天然版本。现在的重点是尝试在实验室中从奎莱植物细胞中培育出它。帕拉加斯说，现在知道什么时候准备好还为时过早。Botanical Solution, a California-based company, says it can already produce QS-21 from quillay seeds in the laboratory. The company adds that it aims to produce the substance in large quantities for drug companies.总部位于加利福尼亚的公司 Botanical Solution 表示，它已经可以在实验室中从奎莱种子中生产 QS-21。该公司补充说，它的目标是为制药公司大量生产这种物质。No one knows how many healthy quillay trees are left in Chile to meet the demand. Experts and industry officials believe that they will at some point need to switch to grow the evergreens on farms or in laboratories.没有人知道智利还剩下多少健康的奎莱树来满足需求。专家和行业官员认为，他们在某个时候需要转向在农场或实验室种植常青树。Ricardo San Martin developed the pruning and extraction process that created the modern quillay industry. He said producers must immediately work toward making quillay products from younger, farm-grown trees.Ricardo San Martin 开发的修剪和提取工艺创造了现代奎莱产业。他说，生产商必须立即努力从更年轻的农场种植的树木中生产奎莱产品。“My estimate four years ago was that we were heading towards the sustainability limit,” he said.“我四年前的估计是，我们正朝着可持续性极限迈进，”他说。Quillay producers say the harvest can continue for now without destroying the supply of older trees. Novavax told Reuters that the company is working with suppliers to make sure “life-saving vaccines will be prioritized.”奎莱生产商表示，现在可以继续收割，而不会破坏老树的供应。Novavax 告诉路透社，该公司正在与供应商合作，以确保“优先使用挽救生命的疫苗”。Andres Gonzalez runs Desert King International which operates a quillay farm in Chile. It is Novavax's only supplier and the largest quillay exporter in the country. He said it produces enough quillay extract from older trees to make up to 4.4 billion vaccine treatments in 2022.安德烈斯·冈萨雷斯 (Andres Gonzalez) 经营着沙漠之王国际公司，该公司在智利经营着一家奎莱农场。它是 Novavax 唯一的供应商，也是该国最大的奎莱出口商。他说，它从老树中生产的奎莱提取物足够到 2022 年进行 44 亿次疫苗治疗。With new supplies from privately owned forests, he said, the operation can meet demand for the rest of this year and part of the next. He admitted, however, that “at some point, these native forests will come to an end.”他说，有了来自私有森林的新供应，这项业务可以满足今年剩余时间和明年部分时间的需求。然而，他承认，“在某个时候，这些原生森林将走到尽头。”Gustavo Cruz is a researcher at the University of Chile who worked with San Martin to industrialize the production of quillay. He said he generally trusts quillay producers to deal with supply and demand. He is more worried about other threats – especially a lack of water and fire.Gustavo Cruz 是智利大学的研究员，他与圣马丁合作将奎莱的生产工业化。他说，他通常信任奎莱生产商来处理供需问题。他更担心其他威胁——尤其是缺水缺火。“The trees do eventually regrow,” he said, “but there comes a time when they don't anymore.”“树木最终会重新生长，”他说，“但有时它们会不再生长。”
Quillay trees are rare evergreens found mainly in the South American country of Chile. And they are increasingly important to producing new vaccines.奎莱树是罕见的常青树，主要分布在南美国家智利。它们对于生产新疫苗越来越重要。The native Mapuche people have long used them to make soap and medicine. In recent years, quillay trees, also known as quillaja saponaria, have been used in the processing of food and drinks. They have also been used to make a highly successful vaccine against shingles, a painful viral disease, and the world's first malaria vaccine.土著马普切人长期以来一直用它们制作肥皂和药品。近年来，奎莱树也被称为皂荚树，已被用于食品和饮料的加工。它们还被用来制造非常成功的带状疱疹疫苗，一种痛苦的病毒性疾病，以及世界上第一种疟疾疫苗。Now, molecules extracted from the bark, or outer covering, of older quillay trees are being used for a COVID-19 vaccine. It is being developed by American drug-maker Novavax. Over the next two years, Novavax plans to produce billions of treatments of the vaccine for use in developing countries.现在，从较老的奎莱树的树皮或外壳中提取的分子被用于 COVID-19 疫苗。它由美国制药商 Novavax 开发。在接下来的两年中，Novavax 计划生产数十亿种疫苗用于发展中国家。Novavax uses two molecules to make adjuvant, a substance that improves the human immune system. One of those, called QS-21, is more difficult to find. The substance is found mainly in quillay trees that are at least 10 years old.Novavax 使用两个分子来制造佐剂，这种物质可以改善人体免疫系统。其中一种称为 QS-21，更难找到。该物质主要存在于至少 10 年树龄的奎莱树中。British drug-maker GlaxoSmithKline uses QS-21 in its highly successful vaccine against shingles called Shingrix. It is also used in several other promising experimental vaccines. The quillay-based adjuvant used in Shingrix is also part of the world's first malaria vaccine, Mosquirix.英国制药商葛兰素史克 (GlaxoSmithKline) 在其名为 Shingrix 的带状疱疹疫苗中使用了 QS-21。它还用于其他几种有希望的实验疫苗。Shingrix 中使用的基于奎莱的佐剂也是世界上第一种疟疾疫苗 Mosquirix 的一部分。Less than one milligram of quillay extract is required to make a vaccine treatment. But the supply of quillay is stretched by the demand from other industries. Quillay products are used as a natural additive in animal feed. They also are used to kill harmful insects and as an agent to reduce pollution in mining.进行疫苗治疗只需要不到 1 毫克的奎莱提取物。但奎莱的供应因其他行业的需求而捉襟见肘。Quilay 产品用作动物饲料中的天然添加剂。它们还用于杀死有害昆虫和作为减少采矿污染的药剂。Some drug-makers are developing a manufactured version of QS-21. But it could take years to get approval. Exchanging the substance for another in any existing vaccine would require new drug tests to prove the product is safe and effective.一些制药商正在开发 QS-21 的制造版本。但获得批准可能需要数年时间。在任何现有疫苗中将这种物质换成另一种物质都需要进行新的药物测试以证明该产品是安全有效的。Jason Paragas, a vice president at drug company Agenus, said, “The shortage of QS-21 has been an issue for a while.” He added, “We saw it before COVID, and we made the hard decision that we had to change.”制药公司 Agenus 的副总裁 Jason Paragas 说：“QS-21 的短缺问题已经有一段时间了。”他补充说：“我们在 COVID 之前就看到了，我们做出了必须改变的艰难决定。”The American company in Massachusetts stopped selling the natural version of QS-21 several years ago. It now centers on trying to grow it from quillay plant cells in a laboratory. Paragas said it is too soon to know when it will be ready.几年前，这家位于马萨诸塞州的美国公司停止销售 QS-21 的天然版本。现在的重点是尝试在实验室中从奎莱植物细胞中培育出它。帕拉加斯说，现在知道什么时候准备好还为时过早。Botanical Solution, a California-based company, says it can already produce QS-21 from quillay seeds in the laboratory. The company adds that it aims to produce the substance in large quantities for drug companies.总部位于加利福尼亚的公司 Botanical Solution 表示，它已经可以在实验室中从奎莱种子中生产 QS-21。该公司补充说，它的目标是为制药公司大量生产这种物质。No one knows how many healthy quillay trees are left in Chile to meet the demand. Experts and industry officials believe that they will at some point need to switch to grow the evergreens on farms or in laboratories.没有人知道智利还剩下多少健康的奎莱树来满足需求。专家和行业官员认为，他们在某个时候需要转向在农场或实验室种植常青树。Ricardo San Martin developed the pruning and extraction process that created the modern quillay industry. He said producers must immediately work toward making quillay products from younger, farm-grown trees.Ricardo San Martin 开发的修剪和提取工艺创造了现代奎莱产业。他说，生产商必须立即努力从更年轻的农场种植的树木中生产奎莱产品。“My estimate four years ago was that we were heading towards the sustainability limit,” he said.“我四年前的估计是，我们正朝着可持续性极限迈进，”他说。Quillay producers say the harvest can continue for now without destroying the supply of older trees. Novavax told Reuters that the company is working with suppliers to make sure “life-saving vaccines will be prioritized.”奎莱生产商表示，现在可以继续收割，而不会破坏老树的供应。Novavax 告诉路透社，该公司正在与供应商合作，以确保“优先使用挽救生命的疫苗”。Andres Gonzalez runs Desert King International which operates a quillay farm in Chile. It is Novavax's only supplier and the largest quillay exporter in the country. He said it produces enough quillay extract from older trees to make up to 4.4 billion vaccine treatments in 2022.安德烈斯·冈萨雷斯 (Andres Gonzalez) 经营着沙漠之王国际公司，该公司在智利经营着一家奎莱农场。它是 Novavax 唯一的供应商，也是该国最大的奎莱出口商。他说，它从老树中生产的奎莱提取物足够到 2022 年进行 44 亿次疫苗治疗。With new supplies from privately owned forests, he said, the operation can meet demand for the rest of this year and part of the next. He admitted, however, that “at some point, these native forests will come to an end.”他说，有了来自私有森林的新供应，这项业务可以满足今年剩余时间和明年部分时间的需求。然而，他承认，“在某个时候，这些原生森林将走到尽头。”Gustavo Cruz is a researcher at the University of Chile who worked with San Martin to industrialize the production of quillay. He said he generally trusts quillay producers to deal with supply and demand. He is more worried about other threats – especially a lack of water and fire.Gustavo Cruz 是智利大学的研究员，他与圣马丁合作将奎莱的生产工业化。他说，他通常信任奎莱生产商来处理供需问题。他更担心其他威胁——尤其是缺水缺火。“The trees do eventually regrow,” he said, “but there comes a time when they don't anymore.”“树木最终会重新生长，”他说，“但有时它们会不再生长。”
Quillay trees are rare evergreens found mainly in the South American country of Chile. And they are increasingly important to producing new vaccines.奎莱树是罕见的常青树，主要分布在南美国家智利。它们对于生产新疫苗越来越重要。The native Mapuche people have long used them to make soap and medicine. In recent years, quillay trees, also known as quillaja saponaria, have been used in the processing of food and drinks. They have also been used to make a highly successful vaccine against shingles, a painful viral disease, and the world's first malaria vaccine.土著马普切人长期以来一直用它们制作肥皂和药品。近年来，奎莱树也被称为皂荚树，已被用于食品和饮料的加工。它们还被用来制造非常成功的带状疱疹疫苗，一种痛苦的病毒性疾病，以及世界上第一种疟疾疫苗。Now, molecules extracted from the bark, or outer covering, of older quillay trees are being used for a COVID-19 vaccine. It is being developed by American drug-maker Novavax. Over the next two years, Novavax plans to produce billions of treatments of the vaccine for use in developing countries.现在，从较老的奎莱树的树皮或外壳中提取的分子被用于 COVID-19 疫苗。它由美国制药商 Novavax 开发。在接下来的两年中，Novavax 计划生产数十亿种疫苗用于发展中国家。Novavax uses two molecules to make adjuvant, a substance that improves the human immune system. One of those, called QS-21, is more difficult to find. The substance is found mainly in quillay trees that are at least 10 years old.Novavax 使用两个分子来制造佐剂，这种物质可以改善人体免疫系统。其中一种称为 QS-21，更难找到。该物质主要存在于至少 10 年树龄的奎莱树中。British drug-maker GlaxoSmithKline uses QS-21 in its highly successful vaccine against shingles called Shingrix. It is also used in several other promising experimental vaccines. The quillay-based adjuvant used in Shingrix is also part of the world's first malaria vaccine, Mosquirix.英国制药商葛兰素史克 (GlaxoSmithKline) 在其名为 Shingrix 的带状疱疹疫苗中使用了 QS-21。它还用于其他几种有希望的实验疫苗。Shingrix 中使用的基于奎莱的佐剂也是世界上第一种疟疾疫苗 Mosquirix 的一部分。Less than one milligram of quillay extract is required to make a vaccine treatment. But the supply of quillay is stretched by the demand from other industries. Quillay products are used as a natural additive in animal feed. They also are used to kill harmful insects and as an agent to reduce pollution in mining.进行疫苗治疗只需要不到 1 毫克的奎莱提取物。但奎莱的供应因其他行业的需求而捉襟见肘。Quilay 产品用作动物饲料中的天然添加剂。它们还用于杀死有害昆虫和作为减少采矿污染的药剂。Some drug-makers are developing a manufactured version of QS-21. But it could take years to get approval. Exchanging the substance for another in any existing vaccine would require new drug tests to prove the product is safe and effective.一些制药商正在开发 QS-21 的制造版本。但获得批准可能需要数年时间。在任何现有疫苗中将这种物质换成另一种物质都需要进行新的药物测试以证明该产品是安全有效的。Jason Paragas, a vice president at drug company Agenus, said, “The shortage of QS-21 has been an issue for a while.” He added, “We saw it before COVID, and we made the hard decision that we had to change.”制药公司 Agenus 的副总裁 Jason Paragas 说：“QS-21 的短缺问题已经有一段时间了。”他补充说：“我们在 COVID 之前就看到了，我们做出了必须改变的艰难决定。”The American company in Massachusetts stopped selling the natural version of QS-21 several years ago. It now centers on trying to grow it from quillay plant cells in a laboratory. Paragas said it is too soon to know when it will be ready.几年前，这家位于马萨诸塞州的美国公司停止销售 QS-21 的天然版本。现在的重点是尝试在实验室中从奎莱植物细胞中培育出它。帕拉加斯说，现在知道什么时候准备好还为时过早。Botanical Solution, a California-based company, says it can already produce QS-21 from quillay seeds in the laboratory. The company adds that it aims to produce the substance in large quantities for drug companies.总部位于加利福尼亚的公司 Botanical Solution 表示，它已经可以在实验室中从奎莱种子中生产 QS-21。该公司补充说，它的目标是为制药公司大量生产这种物质。No one knows how many healthy quillay trees are left in Chile to meet the demand. Experts and industry officials believe that they will at some point need to switch to grow the evergreens on farms or in laboratories.没有人知道智利还剩下多少健康的奎莱树来满足需求。专家和行业官员认为，他们在某个时候需要转向在农场或实验室种植常青树。Ricardo San Martin developed the pruning and extraction process that created the modern quillay industry. He said producers must immediately work toward making quillay products from younger, farm-grown trees.Ricardo San Martin 开发的修剪和提取工艺创造了现代奎莱产业。他说，生产商必须立即努力从更年轻的农场种植的树木中生产奎莱产品。“My estimate four years ago was that we were heading towards the sustainability limit,” he said.“我四年前的估计是，我们正朝着可持续性极限迈进，”他说。Quillay producers say the harvest can continue for now without destroying the supply of older trees. Novavax told Reuters that the company is working with suppliers to make sure “life-saving vaccines will be prioritized.”奎莱生产商表示，现在可以继续收割，而不会破坏老树的供应。Novavax 告诉路透社，该公司正在与供应商合作，以确保“优先使用挽救生命的疫苗”。Andres Gonzalez runs Desert King International which operates a quillay farm in Chile. It is Novavax's only supplier and the largest quillay exporter in the country. He said it produces enough quillay extract from older trees to make up to 4.4 billion vaccine treatments in 2022.安德烈斯·冈萨雷斯 (Andres Gonzalez) 经营着沙漠之王国际公司，该公司在智利经营着一家奎莱农场。它是 Novavax 唯一的供应商，也是该国最大的奎莱出口商。他说，它从老树中生产的奎莱提取物足够到 2022 年进行 44 亿次疫苗治疗。With new supplies from privately owned forests, he said, the operation can meet demand for the rest of this year and part of the next. He admitted, however, that “at some point, these native forests will come to an end.”他说，有了来自私有森林的新供应，这项业务可以满足今年剩余时间和明年部分时间的需求。然而，他承认，“在某个时候，这些原生森林将走到尽头。”Gustavo Cruz is a researcher at the University of Chile who worked with San Martin to industrialize the production of quillay. He said he generally trusts quillay producers to deal with supply and demand. He is more worried about other threats – especially a lack of water and fire.Gustavo Cruz 是智利大学的研究员，他与圣马丁合作将奎莱的生产工业化。他说，他通常信任奎莱生产商来处理供需问题。他更担心其他威胁——尤其是缺水缺火。“The trees do eventually regrow,” he said, “but there comes a time when they don't anymore.”“树木最终会重新生长，”他说，“但有时它们会不再生长。”
Quillay trees are rare evergreens found mainly in the South American country of Chile. And they are increasingly important to producing new vaccines.奎莱树是罕见的常青树，主要分布在南美国家智利。它们对于生产新疫苗越来越重要。The native Mapuche people have long used them to make soap and medicine. In recent years, quillay trees, also known as quillaja saponaria, have been used in the processing of food and drinks. They have also been used to make a highly successful vaccine against shingles, a painful viral disease, and the world's first malaria vaccine.土著马普切人长期以来一直用它们制作肥皂和药品。近年来，奎莱树也被称为皂荚树，已被用于食品和饮料的加工。它们还被用来制造非常成功的带状疱疹疫苗，一种痛苦的病毒性疾病，以及世界上第一种疟疾疫苗。Now, molecules extracted from the bark, or outer covering, of older quillay trees are being used for a COVID-19 vaccine. It is being developed by American drug-maker Novavax. Over the next two years, Novavax plans to produce billions of treatments of the vaccine for use in developing countries.现在，从较老的奎莱树的树皮或外壳中提取的分子被用于 COVID-19 疫苗。它由美国制药商 Novavax 开发。在接下来的两年中，Novavax 计划生产数十亿种疫苗用于发展中国家。Novavax uses two molecules to make adjuvant, a substance that improves the human immune system. One of those, called QS-21, is more difficult to find. The substance is found mainly in quillay trees that are at least 10 years old.Novavax 使用两个分子来制造佐剂，这种物质可以改善人体免疫系统。其中一种称为 QS-21，更难找到。该物质主要存在于至少 10 年树龄的奎莱树中。British drug-maker GlaxoSmithKline uses QS-21 in its highly successful vaccine against shingles called Shingrix. It is also used in several other promising experimental vaccines. The quillay-based adjuvant used in Shingrix is also part of the world's first malaria vaccine, Mosquirix.英国制药商葛兰素史克 (GlaxoSmithKline) 在其名为 Shingrix 的带状疱疹疫苗中使用了 QS-21。它还用于其他几种有希望的实验疫苗。Shingrix 中使用的基于奎莱的佐剂也是世界上第一种疟疾疫苗 Mosquirix 的一部分。Less than one milligram of quillay extract is required to make a vaccine treatment. But the supply of quillay is stretched by the demand from other industries. Quillay products are used as a natural additive in animal feed. They also are used to kill harmful insects and as an agent to reduce pollution in mining.进行疫苗治疗只需要不到 1 毫克的奎莱提取物。但奎莱的供应因其他行业的需求而捉襟见肘。Quilay 产品用作动物饲料中的天然添加剂。它们还用于杀死有害昆虫和作为减少采矿污染的药剂。Some drug-makers are developing a manufactured version of QS-21. But it could take years to get approval. Exchanging the substance for another in any existing vaccine would require new drug tests to prove the product is safe and effective.一些制药商正在开发 QS-21 的制造版本。但获得批准可能需要数年时间。在任何现有疫苗中将这种物质换成另一种物质都需要进行新的药物测试以证明该产品是安全有效的。Jason Paragas, a vice president at drug company Agenus, said, “The shortage of QS-21 has been an issue for a while.” He added, “We saw it before COVID, and we made the hard decision that we had to change.”制药公司 Agenus 的副总裁 Jason Paragas 说：“QS-21 的短缺问题已经有一段时间了。”他补充说：“我们在 COVID 之前就看到了，我们做出了必须改变的艰难决定。”The American company in Massachusetts stopped selling the natural version of QS-21 several years ago. It now centers on trying to grow it from quillay plant cells in a laboratory. Paragas said it is too soon to know when it will be ready.几年前，这家位于马萨诸塞州的美国公司停止销售 QS-21 的天然版本。现在的重点是尝试在实验室中从奎莱植物细胞中培育出它。帕拉加斯说，现在知道什么时候准备好还为时过早。Botanical Solution, a California-based company, says it can already produce QS-21 from quillay seeds in the laboratory. The company adds that it aims to produce the substance in large quantities for drug companies.总部位于加利福尼亚的公司 Botanical Solution 表示，它已经可以在实验室中从奎莱种子中生产 QS-21。该公司补充说，它的目标是为制药公司大量生产这种物质。No one knows how many healthy quillay trees are left in Chile to meet the demand. Experts and industry officials believe that they will at some point need to switch to grow the evergreens on farms or in laboratories.没有人知道智利还剩下多少健康的奎莱树来满足需求。专家和行业官员认为，他们在某个时候需要转向在农场或实验室种植常青树。Ricardo San Martin developed the pruning and extraction process that created the modern quillay industry. He said producers must immediately work toward making quillay products from younger, farm-grown trees.Ricardo San Martin 开发的修剪和提取工艺创造了现代奎莱产业。他说，生产商必须立即努力从更年轻的农场种植的树木中生产奎莱产品。“My estimate four years ago was that we were heading towards the sustainability limit,” he said.“我四年前的估计是，我们正朝着可持续性极限迈进，”他说。Quillay producers say the harvest can continue for now without destroying the supply of older trees. Novavax told Reuters that the company is working with suppliers to make sure “life-saving vaccines will be prioritized.”奎莱生产商表示，现在可以继续收割，而不会破坏老树的供应。Novavax 告诉路透社，该公司正在与供应商合作，以确保“优先使用挽救生命的疫苗”。Andres Gonzalez runs Desert King International which operates a quillay farm in Chile. It is Novavax's only supplier and the largest quillay exporter in the country. He said it produces enough quillay extract from older trees to make up to 4.4 billion vaccine treatments in 2022.安德烈斯·冈萨雷斯 (Andres Gonzalez) 经营着沙漠之王国际公司，该公司在智利经营着一家奎莱农场。它是 Novavax 唯一的供应商，也是该国最大的奎莱出口商。他说，它从老树中生产的奎莱提取物足够到 2022 年进行 44 亿次疫苗治疗。With new supplies from privately owned forests, he said, the operation can meet demand for the rest of this year and part of the next. He admitted, however, that “at some point, these native forests will come to an end.”他说，有了来自私有森林的新供应，这项业务可以满足今年剩余时间和明年部分时间的需求。然而，他承认，“在某个时候，这些原生森林将走到尽头。”Gustavo Cruz is a researcher at the University of Chile who worked with San Martin to industrialize the production of quillay. He said he generally trusts quillay producers to deal with supply and demand. He is more worried about other threats – especially a lack of water and fire.Gustavo Cruz 是智利大学的研究员，他与圣马丁合作将奎莱的生产工业化。他说，他通常信任奎莱生产商来处理供需问题。他更担心其他威胁——尤其是缺水缺火。“The trees do eventually regrow,” he said, “but there comes a time when they don't anymore.”“树木最终会重新生长，”他说，“但有时它们会不再生长。”
Button batteries, sometimes called coin batteries, are small round batteries that power various electronic devices such as watches, remote controls or small kid toys. They are small and shiny, which is why young children will sometimes grab them and put them in their mouths. But they can cause severe injury in a child if the button battery becomes lodged in the digestive tract. In this episode, Dr. Savithiri Ratnapalan talks about the dangers of swallowing button batteries, what parents can do immediately at home, and how button battery ingestion is managed in hospital. Dr. Savithiri Ratnapalan is a pediatric emergency physician at the Hospital for Sick Children in Toronto. She co-authored a practice article with Dr. Amy Zipursky. It is published in CMAJ: https://www.cmaj.ca/lookup/doi/10.1503/cmaj.210572 Podcast transcript: https://www.cmaj.ca/transcript-210572 ----------------------------------- This podcast episode is brought to you by Scotiabank Healthcare+. Learn more at: https://mdm.ca/promos/you-ve-come-a-long-way?utm_source=CMAJ&utm_medium=display&utm_campaign=CTP&utm_content=PHD ----------------------------------- This podcast episode is brought to you by Dr. Bill. Dr. Bill makes billing on the go easy and pain free. Start your 45-day free trial today: www.drbill.app/cmaj ----------------------------------- This podcast episode is brought to you by Shingrix. Learn more at: https://www.shingrix.ca/en-ca/index.html ----------------------------------- Subscribe to CMAJ Podcasts on Apple Podcasts or your favourite podcast app. You can also follow us directly on our SoundCloud page or you can visit www.cmaj.ca/page/multimedia/podcasts.
For more information, contact us at 859-721-1414 or myhealth@prevmedheartrisk.com. Also, check out the following resources: ·PrevMed's website·PrevMed's YouTube channel·PrevMed's Facebook page
For more information, contact us at 859-721-1414 or myhealth@prevmedheartrisk.com. Also, check out the following resources: ·PrevMed's website·PrevMed's YouTube channel·PrevMed's Facebook page
For more information, contact us at 859-721-1414 or myhealth@prevmedheartrisk.com. Also, check out the following resources: ·PrevMed's website·PrevMed's YouTube channel·PrevMed's Facebook page
Artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) have transformed our lives. The adoption of AI in medicine has perhaps lagged its adoption in other areas, and machine learning in healthcare has had mixed results. In this episode, Drs. Muhammad Mamdani and Amol Verma discuss a series of three CMAJ articles on the development, use, misuse, and evaluation of machine-learned models in medicine. Dr. Muhammad Mamdani is vice-president of data science and advanced analytics at Unity Health Toronto, director of the Temerty Center for Artificial Intelligence Education and Research in Medicine, and professor at the University of Toronto. Dr. Amol Verma is a physician and scientist at St. Michael's Hospital and the University of Toronto, an AMS healthcare fellow in compassion and artificial intelligence and a provincial clinical lead in health quality improvement with Ontario Health. They are both two of the authors of the articles series published in CMAJ: Implementing machine learning in medicine https://www.cmaj.ca/lookup/doi/10.1503/cmaj.202434 Problems in the deployment of machine-learned models in health care https://www.cmaj.ca/lookup/doi/10.1503/cmaj.202066 Evaluation of machine learning solutions in medicine https://www.cmaj.ca/lookup/doi/10.1503/cmaj.210036 Podcast transcript: https://www.cmaj.ca/transcript-202434 ----------------------------------- This podcast episode is brought to you by Audi Canada. The Canadian Medical Association has partnered with Audi Canada to offer CMA members a preferred incentive on select vehicle models. Purchase any new qualifying Audi model and receive an additional cash incentive based on the purchase type. Details of the incentive program can be found at https://www.audiprofessional.ca. ----------------------------------- This podcast episode is brought to you by Dr. Bill. Dr. Bill makes billing on the go easy and pain free. Start your 45-day free trial today: https://www.drbill.app/cmaj ----------------------------------- This podcast episode is brought to you by Shingrix. Learn more at: https://www.shingrix.ca/en-ca/index.html ----------------------------------- Subscribe to CMAJ Podcasts on Apple Podcasts or your favourite podcast app. You can also follow us directly on our SoundCloud page or you can visit https://www.cmaj.ca/page/multimedia/podcasts.
Many options exist nowadays for teenagers choosing to be on hormonal contraceptives. They are generally categorized into SARCs (short-acting reversible contraceptives) and LARCs (long-acting reversible contraceptives). LARC methods are recommended as first-line contraceptives. These include intrauterine devices and a new option that gets implanted into the arm and lasts up to three years. In this episode, Dr. Margot Rosenthal, a fifth-year obstetrics and gynaecology resident, explains the different contraception options, which choice is best, and what side effects to watch out for. She co-authored a practice article with Dr. Sarah McQuillan. The article is published in CMAJ: https://www.cmaj.ca/lookup/doi/10.1503/cmaj.202413 Podcast transcript: https://www.cmaj.ca/transcript-202413 Calling all aspiring podcasters! Are you our next podcast host? CMAJ seeks a curious, astute and dynamic Canadian physician as the new voice of CMAJ Podcasts. For details and to apply: https://www.cmaj.ca/content/cmaj-podcast-host ----------------------------------- This podcast episode is brought to you by Dr. Bill. Dr. Bill makes billing on the go easy and pain free. Start your 45-day free trial today: https://www.drbill.app/cmaj ----------------------------------- This podcast episode is brought to you by Shingrix. Learn more at: https://www.shingrix.ca/en-ca/index.html ----------------------------------- Listen to Cold Steel, the official podcast of the Canadian Journal of Surgery: https://canjsurg.ca/podcasts ----------------------------------- Subscribe to CMAJ Podcasts on Apple Podcasts or your favourite podcast app. You can also follow us directly on our SoundCloud page or you can visit https://www.cmaj.ca/page/multimedia/podcasts.
In this episode, Dr. Kirsten Patrick, interim editor-in-chief, chats with Francine Buchanan about her experience as a patient partner. Francine is in a unique position at the intersection of caregiver for her medically fragile son, PhD candidate in health services research, and a patient and family advisor at The Hospital for Sick Children. She wrote a Humanities article published in CMAJ called "How are we going to do this?" https://www.cmaj.ca/lookup/doi/10.1503/cmaj.210457 Dr. Kirsten Patrick also chats with Victoria Saigle, Lead of Patient Involvement at CMAJ. Victoria shares the different ways patients have been contributing to the journal in recent months and plans for the future. CMAJ is launching a new article type called 360 Cases. CMAJ's first 360 Case explores the end of life of a woman who passed away suddenly after an unexpected serious diagnosis. The article is co-written by the woman's husband, her social worker, one of her nurses and the ICU physician who treated her at the end of her life. You can read the article on our website: https://www.cmaj.ca/lookup/doi/10.1503/cmaj.210463 If you're interested in learning more about patient involvement, patient peer review, or patient authorship, contact Victoria: victoria.saigle@cmaj.ca More details are in CMAJ's Statement of Purpose for Patient Engagement https://www.cmaj.ca/statement-purpose-patient-engagement CMAJ's themed issue on patient engagement at the journal: https://www.cmaj.ca/content/193/27 Podcast transcript: https://www.cmaj.ca/transcript-210457 ----------------------------------- This podcast episode is brought to you by Audi Canada. The Canadian Medical Association has partnered with Audi Canada to offer CMA members a preferred incentive on select vehicle models. Purchase any new qualifying Audi model and receive an additional cash incentive based on the purchase type. Details of the incentive program can be found at www.audiprofessional.ca. ----------------------------------- This podcast episode is brought to you by Shingrix. Learn more at: www.shingrix.ca/en-ca/index.html ----------------------------------- Listen to Cold Steel, the official podcast of the Canadian Journal of Surgery: canjsurg.ca/podcasts ----------------------------------- Subscribe to CMAJ Podcasts on Apple Podcasts or your favourite podcast app. You can also follow us directly on our SoundCloud page or you can visit www.cmaj.ca/page/multimedia/podcasts.
New research shows that Indigenous People living in rural Canada are 16 times more likely to have to travel long distances to give birth compared to non-Indigenous people living in rural areas. In this podcast, Dr. Janet Smylie and Evelyn George explain these striking findings. Dr. Janet Smylie is Métis-Cree, a family practitioner and professor of public health at the University of Toronto. Evelyn George is a Nbissing registered midwife living in Syilx territory of British Columbia. They were two of the authors of a research article published in CMAJ: www.cmaj.ca/lookup/doi/10.1503/cmaj.201903 Podcast transcript: www.cmaj.ca/transcript-201903 ----------------------------------- This podcast episode is brought to you by Shingrix. Learn more at: www.shingrix.ca/en-ca/index.html ----------------------------------- This podcast episode is brought to you by Dr. Bill. Dr. Bill makes billing on the go easy and pain free. Start your 45-day free trial today: www.drbill.app/cmaj ----------------------------------- Listen to Cold Steel, the official podcast of the Canadian Journal of Surgery: http://canjsurg.ca/podcasts ----------------------------------- Subscribe to CMAJ Podcasts on Apple Podcasts or your favourite podcast app. You can also follow us directly on our SoundCloud page or you can visit www.cmaj.ca/page/multimedia/podcasts.
Dr. Malika Sharma and Dr. Rahel Zewude explain the tenets of critical race theory. They also share how it has helped them tackle racism in the practice of medicine and how they've applied it to their professional and personal lives as physicians in Canada. Dr. Malika Sharma is an HIV and infectious diseases specialist and assistant professor in the Department of Medicine at the University of Toronto. Dr. Rahel Zewude is an internal medicine resident at the University of British Columbia and president of Black Physicians of British Columbia. They co-authored a humanities article published in CMAJ: www.cmaj.ca/lookup/doi/10.1503/cmaj.210178 Podcast transcript: https://www.cmaj.ca/transcript-210178 ----------------------------------- This podcast episode is brought to you by Shingrix. Learn more at: www.shingrix.ca/en-ca/index.html ----------------------------------- Subscribe to CMAJ Podcasts on Apple Podcasts or your favourite podcast app. You can also follow us directly on our SoundCloud page or you can visit www.cmaj.ca/page/multimedia/podcasts.
Anticraving medications are a lesser-known therapy for patients with moderate to severe alcohol use disorder. In this podcast, Dr. Jon Mong and Dr. Paxton Bach explain how to recognize and diagnose moderate to severe alcohol use disorder and how to talk to patients about treatment options. Dr. Jon Mong is a general internist working at The Ottawa Hospital, with a clinical focus in addiction medicine. He is currently completing his Masters in Quality Improvement and Patient Safety through the University of Toronto's IHPME. Dr. Paxton Bach is a clinical assistant professor in the department of medicine at the University of British Columbia, and a general internist and addiction physician at St. Paul’s Hospital in Vancouver, BC. He additionally serves as the program director for the British Columbia Centre on Substance Use Clinical Addiction Medicine Fellowship Program. They co-authored, along with Dr. Keith Ahamad, a practice article published in CMAJ: www.cmaj.ca/lookup/doi/10.1503/cmaj.200895 Podcast transcript: https://www.cmaj.ca/transcript-200895 ----------------------------------- This podcast episode is brought to you by Shingrix. Learn more at: www.shingrix.ca/en-ca/index.html ----------------------------------- This podcast episode is brought to you by Audi Canada. The Canadian Medical Association has partnered with Audi Canada to offer CMA members a preferred incentive on select vehicle models. Purchase any new qualifying Audi model and receive an additional cash incentive based on the purchase type. Details of the incentive program can be found at www.audiprofessional.ca. ----------------------------------- Subscribe to CMAJ Podcasts on Apple Podcasts, iTunes, Google Play, Stitcher, Overcast, Instacast, or your favourite aggregator. You can also follow us directly on our SoundCloud page or you can visit www.cmaj.ca/page/multimedia/podcasts.
Dr. Olga Kciuk and Dr. Sari Kives talk about painful periods (dysmenorrhea) in teens – what causes it, how to diagnose it, how to rule out secondary causes, and how best to treat. Dr. Olga Kciuk is a fourth year resident in obstetrics and gynecology at the University of Toronto. Dr. Sari Kives is a gynecologist in Toronto, both at the Hospital for Sick Children and St. Michael's Hospital. They co-authored a practice article published in CMAJ: www.cmaj.ca/lookup/doi/10.1503/cmaj.201972 ----------------------------------- This podcast episode is brought to you by Shingrix. Learn more at: www.shingrix.ca/en-ca/index.html ----------------------------------- This podcast episode is brought to you by Audi Canada. The Canadian Medical Association has partnered with Audi Canada to offer CMA members a preferred incentive on select vehicle models. Purchase any new qualifying Audi model and receive an additional cash incentive based on the purchase type. Details of the incentive program can be found at www.audiprofessional.ca. ----------------------------------- Subscribe to CMAJ Podcasts on Apple Podcasts or your favourite podcast app. You can also follow us directly on our SoundCloud page or you can visit www.cmaj.ca/page/multimedia/podcasts.
Was hält Stiftung Warentest von gängigen Verhütungsmitteln? Und welcher Impfabstand sollte zwischen Shingrix und den Corona-Impfungen liegen? Benedikt Richter bringt Sie wie immer im Podcast zum Wochenbeginn auf den aktuellen Stand.
Prof. Jonathan Berman discusses what drives antivaccine and anti-mask protests, such as the Montréal vaccine protest of 1885 which turned violent. He talks about vaccine hesitancy in history and how it relates to our current COVID-19 pandemic. Jonathan Berman is a physiologist at the New York Institute of Technology medical school and a science educator. He wrote an humanities article published in CMAJ: www.cmaj.ca/lookup/doi/10.1503/cmaj.202820 Podcast transcript: https://www.cmaj.ca/transcript-202820 ----------------------------------- This episode is brought to you by the MD Platinum Global Private Credit Pool. With bond yields sitting near record lows, investors are looking for ways to boost returns. The challenge? Most options offering higher returns often require taking on more equity risk. Enter private credit. Get access to potentially higher returns, historically tested stability and added diversification typically reserved for institutional investors. MD Platinum Global Private Credit Pool: Bond-like stability. Equity-like returns. For more information, visit https://mdm.ca/promos/bond-like-stability-equity-like-returns?utm_source=cmaj%20podcast&utm_medium=podcast_description&utm_campaign=Private%20Credit%20-%202021&utm_content=CMAJ%20Sound%20Cloud%20description ----------------------------------- This podcast episode is brought to you by Shingrix. Learn more at: www.shingrix.ca/en-ca/index.html ----------------------------------- Subscribe to CMAJ Podcasts on Apple Podcasts or your favourite podcast app. You can also follow us directly on our SoundCloud page or you can visit www.cmaj.ca/page/multimedia/podcasts.
More Coronavirus vaccine problems including overreaction to a possible side effect; How do I detox the added ingredients in the Coronavirus vaccines? Side effects when getting multiple vaccines close to each other; Dealing with muscle spasm pain in a 72 yr old woman; More questions about multiple vaccine injections and review of travel precautions; Dr Dawn still thinks stem cell treatments are overpriced -- try platelet-rich plasma; Advice for preventing mold on pillows; A teacher has problems getting a Coronavirus vaccine; Review of what have we learned about various treatments for COVID-19
More Coronavirus vaccine problems including overreaction to a possible side effect; How do I detox the added ingredients in the Coronavirus vaccines? Side effects when getting multiple vaccines close to each other; Dealing with muscle spasm pain in a 72 yr old woman; More questions about multiple vaccine injections and review of travel precautions; Dr Dawn still thinks stem cell treatments are overpriced -- try platelet-rich plasma; Advice for preventing mold on pillows; A teacher has problems getting a Coronavirus vaccine; Review of what have we learned about various treatments for COVID-19
Shingles can affect anyone at any age. Listen in as Deb shares her personal struggle with this painful and often debilitating disease. Real women. Real conversations.Served with a big dose of laughter!Resources:Shingles (alberta.ca)Mayo Clinic InformationCDC - Shingrix InformationEmail us: tamingcrazy@gmail.comFollow us on Twitter:Alicya - @alicyaperreaultSue - @change&thriveFor more information:Alicya - https://alicyaperreault.com/Sue - https://www.changeandthrive.ca/Read Taming Crazy: Confessions and Lessons A True Story for the Worried, the Fearful, and the Anxious! by Alicya PerreaultDisclaimer: This podcast is for entertainment purposes and should not be taken as professional advice. Please consult with a qualified professional for any and all health advice.
Prof. Andrea Tricco and Dr. Ainsley Moore discuss gender inequity in medicine at the senior leadership level and how it's intertwined with race. They also outline practical ways of advancing gender equity in medicine. Dr. Ainsley Moore is a family physician and an associate clinical professor in medicine at McMaster University. Prof. Andrea Tricco is a scientist at St. Michael's Hospital at Unity Health Toronto and an associate professor at the Dalla Lana School of Public Health in Toronto. They co-authored an analysis article published in CMAJ: www.cmaj.ca/lookup/doi/10.1503/cmaj.200951 ----------------------------------- This podcast episode is brought to you by Audi Canada. The Canadian Medical Association has partnered with Audi Canada to offer CMA members a preferred incentive on select vehicle models. Purchase any new qualifying Audi model and receive an additional cash incentive based on the purchase type. Details of the incentive program can be found at www.audiprofessional.ca. ----------------------------------- This podcast episode is brought to you by Shingrix. Learn more at: www.shingrix.ca/en-ca/index.html ----------------------------------- Subscribe to CMAJ Podcasts on Apple Podcasts, iTunes, Google Play, Stitcher, Overcast, Instacast, or your favourite aggregator. You can also follow us directly on our SoundCloud page or you can visit www.cmaj.ca/page/multimedia/podcasts.
Drs Shirin Dason and Mara Sobel discuss how to diagnose and treat adenomyosis, a common cause of heavy and painful menstrual periods. Dr. Shirin Dason is a resident and soon-to-be infertility fellow at Mount Sinai Fertility in Toronto. Dr. Mara Sobel is a gynaecologist at Mount Sinai Hospital and Women's College Hospital in Toronto. To read the practice article published in CMAJ: www.cmaj.ca/lookup/doi/10.1503/cmaj.201607 ----------------------------------- This podcast episode is brought to you by Shingrix. Learn more at: www.shingrix.ca/en-ca/index.html ----------------------------------- Subscribe to CMAJ Podcasts on Apple Podcasts, iTunes, Google Play, Stitcher, Overcast, Instacast, or your favourite aggregator. You can also follow us directly on our SoundCloud page or you can visit www.cmaj.ca/page/multimedia/podcasts.
With the nation focused on the delivery of a COVID vaccine, the CDC wants to ensure that older individuals are protected against other prevalent yet preventable diseases that can lead to severe health complications and even hospitalization. Vaccine demand declined an average of more than 60 percent across adult vaccines during the height of pandemic. One of those adult vaccines is Shingrix for the prevention of shingles. Joining me today to talk about shingles and the Shingrix vaccine is Dr. Leonard Friedland. Dr. Friedland is Vice President, Director Scientific Affairs and Public Health at GSK Vaccines and a physician.
With the nation focused on the delivery of a COVID vaccine, the CDC wants to ensure that older individuals are protected against other prevalent yet preventable diseases that can lead to severe health complications and even hospitalization. Vaccine demand declined an average of more than 60 percent across adult vaccines during the height of pandemic. […] The post Shingles & the Shingrix vaccine with Dr. Leonard Friedland appeared first on Outbreak News Today.
In this podcast, Dr. Andreas Laupacis, editor-in-chief of CMAJ, interviews two authors of a research article published in CMAJ. The research looked at SARS-CoV-2 infection among patients undergoing long-term dialysis in Ontario during the first wave of the pandemic. Rebecca Cooper is the director of clinical programs at the Ontario Renal Network, and Peter Blake is a nephrologist and the provincial medical director of the Ontario Renal Network, which is part of Ontario Health. To read the research published in CMAJ: www.cmaj.ca/lookup/doi/10.1503/cmaj.202601 ----------------------------------- This podcast episode is brought to you by Shingrix. Learn more at: www.shingrix.ca/en-ca/index.html ----------------------------------- Subscribe to CMAJ Podcasts on Apple Podcasts, iTunes, Google Play, Stitcher, Overcast, Instacast, or your favourite aggregator. You can also follow us directly on our SoundCloud page or you can visit www.cmaj.ca/page/multimedia/podcasts.
At the start of the COVID-19 pandemic, most hospitals in Canada adopted no-visitor policies because of concern that visitors would spread the virus. It was also a way of preserving personal protective equipment, which was in short supply at the time. Now, almost one year later, the authors of a commentary published in the Canadian Medical Association Journal argue that it’s time to reconsider such a strict policy. In this podcast, Dr. Andreas Laupacis, editor-in-chief of CMAJ, interviews one of the authors of the commentary, Dr. Fahad Razak, a general internist at St. Michael's Hospital in Toronto. Also joining the conversation are Lee Fairclough, president of St. Mary’s General Hospital in Kitchener, Ontario, and Corinna Riquelme who is a care partner and a member of the Patient and Family Advisory Council at St. Mary’s. To read the commentary published in CMAJ: www.cmaj.ca/lookup/doi/10.1503/cmaj.202636 ----------------------------------- This podcast episode is brought to you by Shingrix. Learn more at: www.shingrix.ca/en-ca/index.html ----------------------------------- Subscribe to CMAJ Podcasts on Apple Podcasts, iTunes, Google Play, Stitcher, Overcast, Instacast, or your favourite aggregator. You can also follow us directly on our SoundCloud page or you can visit www.cmaj.ca/page/multimedia/podcasts.
Breaking news: Lucira home COVID-19 test is approved ; New technique to objectively measure tinnitus hopefully will improve treatments; Should I get the second Shingrix vaccine given surging Coronavirus infection rates? Caller asks about using UV light to sterilize Coronavirus and how different masks work; M: A solar-based steam generator to sterilize like an autoclave; Interpreting the FRAX score for osteoporosis to determine appropriate treatment; Bold ideas to feed the good microbiome bacteria and remove bad ones; An allergy to zinc is not likely -- check additives in the formula; Circulating tumor cells may allow us to screen for cancers like we do for many other diseases
Breaking news: Lucira home COVID-19 test is approved ; New technique to objectively measure tinnitus hopefully will improve treatments; Should I get the second Shingrix vaccine given surging Coronavirus infection rates? Caller asks about using UV light to sterilize Coronavirus and how different masks work; M: A solar-based steam generator to sterilize like an autoclave; Interpreting the FRAX score for osteoporosis to determine appropriate treatment; Bold ideas to feed the good microbiome bacteria and remove bad ones; An allergy to zinc is not likely -- check additives in the formula; Circulating tumor cells may allow us to screen for cancers like we do for many other diseases
Prone positioning has been widely adopted and is considered standard of care for patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). But how beneficial is prone positioning for patients with COVID-19 who are awake and not intubated? In this podcast, Dr. Kevin Venus talks about evidence, lung physiology and observational studies regarding prone positioning. Dr. Kevin Venus is general internist at University Health Network in Toronto. He co-authored a review article published in CMAJ: www.cmaj.ca/lookup/doi/10.1503/cmaj.201201 ----------------------------------- This episode is brought to you by MD Financial Management and Scotiabank. Together, we’re able to provide physician-focused advice and unique financial solutions tailored to your needs at every stage of your medical career. Find out more about how we can help you, visit bit.ly/2Grtd5H ----------------------------------- This podcast episode is brought to you by Shingrix. Learn more at: www.shingrix.ca/en-ca/index.html ----------------------------------- Subscribe to CMAJ Podcasts on Apple Podcasts, iTunes, Google Play, Stitcher, Overcast, Instacast, or your favourite aggregator. You can also follow us directly on our SoundCloud page or you can visit www.cmaj.ca/page/multimedia/podcasts.
The spread of misinformation during epidemics is not a new phenomenon. But the COVID-19 pandemic is certainly the largest epidemic in recent times and its intersection with the internet and social media have amplified a modern infodemic of misinformation. In this podcast, history professor Nancy Tomes unpacks this modern infodemic and shares her thoughts on the role of health care providers in managing misinformation. Dr. Nancy Tomes is a professor of history at Stony Brook University in Stony Brook, New York. She wrote a medical humanities article published in CMAJ: www.cmaj.ca/lookup/doi/10.1503/cmaj.201905 ----------------------------------- This episode is brought to you by MD Financial Management and Scotiabank. Together, we’re able to provide physician-focused advice and unique financial solutions tailored to your needs at every stage of your medical career. Find out more about how we can help you, visit bit.ly/2Grtd5H ----------------------------------- This podcast episode is brought to you by Shingrix. Learn more at: www.shingrix.ca/en-ca/index.html ----------------------------------- Subscribe to CMAJ Podcasts on Apple Podcasts, iTunes, Google Play, Stitcher, Overcast, Instacast, or your favourite aggregator. You can also follow us directly on our SoundCloud page or you can visit www.cmaj.ca/page/multimedia/podcasts.
Dermatology News: Shingrix effective in older adults with preexisting immune-mediated disorders (https://bit.ly/2GrMy7z) New treatment options show promise for centrifugal cicatricial alopecia (https://bit.ly/36Dq2TL) Children's share of new COVID-19 cases is on the rise (https://bit.ly/34CNEoM) * * * Managing a private medical practice has changed drastically in 2020. In this episode, Candrice Heath, MD (@DrCandriceHeath), talks to Caroline Robinson, MD (on Instagram @crobinsonmd; on Twitter @crobinsonmd1), about her experience opening a new dermatology practice during the COVID-19 pandemic. They discuss important safety measures when establishing the office work flow, including offering virtual visits, streamlining patient intake procedures, cleaning examination rooms, and hiring new employees. They also discuss the role of social media in building a successful dermatology practice. “When you think about where people are looking for doctors now ... they’re turning to social more than ever. ... I would say that [half] of the patients that we’ve seen have been either from social media in some way, shape, or form, and then [half] have found me from my previous work within the city,” Dr. Robinson explains. * * * Hosts: Nick Andrews; Candrice R. Heath, MD (Temple University Hospital, Philadelphia) Guests: Caroline Robinson, MD (Tone Dermatology, Chicago) Disclosures: Dr. Heath reports no conflict of interest. Dr. Robinson is the CEO/Founder of Tone Dermatology. Show notes by: Alicia Sonners, Melissa Sears * * * You can find more of our podcasts at http://www.mdedge.com/podcasts Email the show: podcasts@mdedge.com Interact with us on Twitter: @MDedgeDerm
Many workplaces are essential for our health care, our supply chains, or the economy and are under immense pressure to stay open. The work bubble is one strategy that can be used to open businesses while limiting the risk of COVID-19 outbreaks. In this podcast, Dr. Jeffrey Shaw and Ms. Hayley Wickenheiser explain the work bubble concept. They also describe how a large Canadian company, Bombardier, applied the principles with much success. Dr. Jeffrey Shaw is a cardiologist and ICU physician in Calgary and is also currently a fellow at the University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine. Ms. Hayley Wickenheiser is a fourth year medical student at the University of Calgary and was formerly an Olympic hockey athlete. They co-wrote an analysis article published in CMAJ: www.cmaj.ca/lookup/doi/10.1503/cmaj.201582 ----------------------------------- This episode is brought to you by MD Financial Management and Scotiabank. Together, we’re able to provide physician-focused advice and unique financial solutions tailored to your needs at every stage of your medical career. Find out more about how we can help you, visit https://bit.ly/2Grtd5H ----------------------------------- This podcast episode is brought to you by Shingrix. Learn more at: www.shingrix.ca/en-ca/index.html ----------------------------------- Subscribe to CMAJ Podcasts on Apple Podcasts, iTunes, Google Play, Stitcher, Overcast, Instacast, or your favourite aggregator. You can also follow us directly on our SoundCloud page or you can visit www.cmaj.ca/page/multimedia/podcasts.
With so much talk about COVID-19 and frequent updates to protocols and guidelines, is COVID-19 affecting the way physicians diagnose? In this podcast, two physicians describe how they misdiagnosed a patient back in April of this year. The patient presented with classic COVID-19 symptoms, but her diagnosis turned out to be something entirely different. And it took the physicians quite a lot of time to get to the correct diagnosis. Dr. Alex Kobza and Dr. Brandon Budhram are both second year internal medicine residents at McMaster University in Hamilton, Ontario and they co-wrote a practice article about the case with Dr. Naufal Mohammed. The article is published in CMAJ: www.cmaj.ca/lookup/doi/10.1503/cmaj.201426 You'll also hear from Dr. Justin Morgenstern, an emergency doctor who has spent a lot of time analyzing physician decision-making. He digs into the many factors that influence the way doctors diagnose, including cognitive bias. He discusses how the COVID-19 pandemic might be influencing physicians decision-making and diagnosis. His website is First10EM https://first10em.com/who-am-i/ ----------------------------------- This podcast is brought to you by Health Match BC, a free health professional recruitment service funded by the Government of British Columbia. Health Match BC is currently recruiting for physicians of all specialties on behalf of BC's publicly funded health employers. Visit www.healthmatchbc.org for more information and to speak with one of the recruitment consultants. ----------------------------------- This podcast episode is brought to you by Shingrix. Learn more at: www.shingrix.ca/en-ca/index.html ----------------------------------- Subscribe to CMAJ Podcasts on Apple Podcasts, iTunes, Google Play, Stitcher, Overcast, Instacast, or your favourite aggregator. You can also follow us directly on our SoundCloud page or you can visit www.cmaj.ca/page/multimedia/podcasts.
In this podcast, Dr. Nathan Stall and Dr. Andrew Costa discuss the results of their research on the risk of outbreaks and deaths from COVID-19 in long-term care homes in Ontario by for-profit or not-for-profit status. Dr. Nathan Stall is a geriatrician at Sinai Health System and a research fellow at Women's College Research Institute. He is also completing a PhD in clinical epidemiology and health care research at the University of Toronto. Dr. Andrew Costa is an associate professor and holds a research chair in clinical epidemiology and aging at McMaster University in Hamilton, Ontario. He is also research director in the St. Joseph's health system. The research article they authored is published in CMAJ: www.cmaj.ca/lookup/doi/10.1503/cmaj.201197 ----------------------------------- This podcast episode is brought to you by Shingrix. Learn more at: www.shingrix.ca/en-ca/index.html ----------------------------------- This podcast episode is brought to you by Dr. Bill. This episode is brought to you by Dr. Bill. Dr. Bill makes medical billing easy, fast, and pain free. Spend your time on patient care, let us handle billing for you. Dr. Bill is now available for free. Visit www.dr-bill.ca and get started today. ----------------------------------- Subscribe to CMAJ Podcasts on Apple Podcasts, iTunes, Google Play, Stitcher, Overcast, Instacast, or your favourite aggregator. You can also follow us directly on our SoundCloud page or you can visit www.cmaj.ca/page/multimedia/podcasts.
In this podcast, Dr. Clare Pain and Dr. Ruth Lanius draw from their expertise in the fields of trauma and conflict to discuss how this pandemic can affect mental health and those who suffered from childhood traumas. They also talk about how this pandemic compares to other public health disasters, conflict, war or unrest. Dr. Clare Pain is a psychiatrist and associate professor at the University of Toronto. She has done extensive work in the field of trauma, including with refugees. Dr. Ruth Lanius is a psychiatrist clinician-scientist at Western University in London, Ontario, who works in the field of trauma-related disorders. She has a particular interest in how trauma affects the brain and body physiology. The practice article they co-authored is published in CMAJ: www.cmaj.ca/lookup/doi/10.1503/cmaj.200736 ----------------------------------- This podcast episode is brought to you by Shingrix. Learn more at: www.shingrix.ca/en-ca/index.html ----------------------------------- This podcast episode is brought to you by the MD Market Watch Podcast. Want the latest information about current market events and developments? MD Financial Management fund and portfolio updates? And insights on where things are headed? Our expert contributors break it down and give you all the info that you’ll need. Listen to the MD Market Watch Podcast invested.mdm.ca/podcasts/market-watch or through your favourite podcast provider. ----------------------------------- Subscribe to CMAJ Podcasts on Apple Podcasts, iTunes, Google Play, Stitcher, Overcast, Instacast, or your favourite aggregator. You can also follow us directly on our SoundCloud page or you can visit www.cmaj.ca/page/multimedia/podcasts.
With immunotherapy, a cancer patient's immune system is mobilized to attack cancer cells. It's a promising cancer therapy, but it's not without risks and possible complications. In this podcast, Drs. Megan Himmel, Sam Saibil, and Alex Saltman discuss how immune checkpoint inhibitors work, what cancers they work best for, and what to keep in mind when considering this therapy. Dr. Megan Himmel has a PhD in experimental medicine with a focus on T-cell immunology and is currently a PGY4 rheumatology resident at the University of Toronto. Dr. Sam Saibil is a medical oncologist at Princess Margaret Cancer Centre in Toronto and is a PhD scientist in T-cell activation at the Ontario Institute for Cancer Research. Dr. Alex Saltman is a rheumatologist and palliative care physician at Princess Margaret Cancer Centre and at Mount Sinai Hospital in Toronto. The practice article they co-authored is published in CMAJ: www.cmaj.ca/lookup/doi/10.1503/cmaj.191231 ----------------------------------- This podcast episode is brought to you by Shingrix. Learn more at: https://www.shingrix.ca/en-ca/index.html ----------------------------------- This podcast episode is brought to you by the MD Market Watch Podcast. Want the latest information about current market events and developments? MD Financial Management fund and portfolio updates? And insights on where things are headed? Our expert contributors break it down and give you all the info that you’ll need. Listen to the MD Market Watch Podcast https://invested.mdm.ca/podcasts/market-watch or through your favourite podcast provider. ----------------------------------- Subscribe to CMAJ Podcasts on Apple Podcasts, iTunes, Google Play, Stitcher, Overcast, Instacast, or your favourite aggregator. You can also follow us directly on our SoundCloud page or you can visit www.cmaj.ca/page/multimedia/podcasts.
We finish our top 20 from 2019: bleeding risk with different DOACs (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30512099), whether higher doses of ibuprofen are better than low (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31383385), a comparison of Shingrix with Zostavax (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30361202), and whether exercise really prevents falls (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30592475). Plus, an update on the COVID-19 epidemic.
In this episode, Dr. Justin Gatwood, who is a health services researcher and Assistant Professor at the University of Tennessee College of Pharmacy in Nashville, TN, shares about a new national initiative between UTCOP and Kroger to help increase shingles vaccine rates. Two shingles vaccines are licensed and recommended in the United States. Zoster vaccine live (ZVL, Zostavax) has been used since 2006, and recombinant zoster vaccine (RZV, Shingrix), has been used since 2017, and is recommended as the preferred shingles vaccine. Discussion points · Overview of the Kroger/UT vaccine program that focuses on Shingrix dose completion: justification, approach, and expected impact · How this project contributes to the larger role of pharmacy and pharmacists in providing public health services · Parallel projects at UT focusing on improving vaccination rates in adults by leveraging community pharmacists · Lessons learned from addressing and expected challenges of expanding vaccination in community pharmacies Host - Hillary Blackburn, PharmD, MBA www.pharmacyadvisory.com https://www.linkedin.com/in/hillary-blackburn-67a92421/ @talktoyourpharmacist for Instagram and Facebook @HillBlackburn Twitter
What late night host had shingles? Should you get the Shingrix vaccine?
Warum nehmen Lieferengpässe bei Arzneimitteln und Impfstoffen so dramatisch zu und was können Sie als Patient im Moment tun? — SONG / INTRO — Situation Bis 2015 selten 2008, chinesischer Lieferant, selbst als "Weltmarktführer für Heparin" bezeichnet, Heparin vertrieben, das mit Billigsubstanzen gestreckt war. Vom Markt, Heparin knapp, allein in den USA mehr als 800 überwiegend schwere allergische Reaktionen und mehr als 80 Tote. 2011 Aufschrei "Wo ist das ganze Lorazepam geblieben?", in einer britischen Krankenhausapotheke Lorazepam-Injektion (TAVOR i.v.; Pfizer), eines der Standardmittel bei Status epilepticus. 2015 Schilddrüsenhormon L-Thyroxin in Tropfenform, insbesondere für Säuglinge und Kleinkinder, nicht lieferbar wegen Herstellungs-Problemen; Tabletten-Chargen von Hexal und 1A wurden zurückgerufen wegen Instabilität. Seit 2015 deutliche Zunahme Lieferengpässe bei Arzneimitteln haben in den vergangenen Jahren deutlich zugenommen. Gelbe Liste Online, ein Online-Dienst mit Informationen und Datenbanken für Ärzte, Apotheker und andere medizinische Fachkreise, listet tagesaktuell Lieferengpässe für Medikamente, Impfstoffe. Von 40 Meldungen 2015, 81 in 2016, 108 in 2017, auf 268 Meldungen 2018. Laut Arzneimittelkommission der deutschen Ärzteschaft Aktuell sind es 2019 aktuell 284 Arzneimittel, die man nicht mehr über die Apotheke beziehen kann, Tendenz steigend (BfArM). https://www.bfarm.de/DE/Arzneimittel/Arzneimittelzulassung/Arzneimittelinformationen/Lieferengpaesse/_functions/Filtersuche_Formular.html?queryResultId=null&pageNo=0 Valsartan, einer der in Deutschland am häufigsten eingesetzten Wirkstoffe zur Behandlung von Bluthochdruck. Im Sommer 2018 wurden europaweit Chargen zurückgerufen, die von einem chinesischen Unternehmen produziert wurden. Produktionsprozess umgestellt, dabei potenziell krebserregende Verunreinigungen. Rückruf: In Deutschland waren rund eine Million Patienten betroffen. Apotheken müssen in so einem Fall und da immer häufiger beim Arzt rückfragen, dass ein Medikament nicht verfügbar ist und ob sie ein anderes mit demselben Wirkstoff abgeben dürfen. Vermehrt jedoch auch, dass Wirkstoffe gar nicht mehr lieferbar sind und auch nicht auf andere Anbieter ausgewichen werden kann. Z.B. Antidepressivum Venlafaxin knapp und zahlreiche Stärken und Tabletten nicht lieferbar. Teilweise kann nur der Originalhersteller Pfizer liefern, doch Trevilor® ist teuer und belastet teilweise mit Mehrkosten, z.B. bei 100 Retardkapseln 150 Euro. Keine direkte Alternative. Andere Antidepressiva haben andere Wirkungen und Nebenwirkungen. In jedem Fall ausschleichen. Nicht abrupt. Bundesvereinigung Deutscher Apothekerverbände (ABDA): Wichtige Schmerzmittel, Blutdrucksenker, Magensäureblocker oder Antidepressiva oft nicht verfügbar. Die Zahl der nicht verfügbaren Medikamente ist auf mehr als neun Millionen Packungen gestiegen, etwa 2% der Arzneimittel, für die es Rabattverträge mit den Krankenkassen gibt. Selbst Ibuprofen ist für einige Zeit nicht lieferbar. Gibt die Apotheke (außerhalb von Notdiensten) ein Produkt anderer Hersteller mit dem gleichen Wirkstoff aus, bleibt sie evtl. auf den Kosten sitzen, weil die Krankenkasse nicht zahlt (Retaxation). Auch Impfstoffe: Grippe in 2017, Tollwut, Gürtelrose (Shingrix®). Auch aus medizinischen Gründen nicht vertretbar. Patienten sind angeimpft. Der Hersteller sagt: Innerhalb eines Jahres die zweite Impfung. Und nun ist sie nicht erhältlich. Verliert dann die erste Impfung ihre Wirkung? Muss ich von vorne anfangen? Keine Daten, eher ja. Nicht Deutschland-spezifisch:Österreich:Bundesamt für Sicherheit im Gesundheitswesen, kurz BASG: Über 50 Medikamente sind derzeit in Österreich nicht lieferbar. Schweiz:Bundesamt für wirtschaftliche Landesversorgung: In 2017 und 2018 wurden insgesamt 177 Versorgungsengpässe bei 81 Wirkstoffen. Dazu gehörten wichtige Antibiotika, Krebsmedikamente sowie Kinder...
Hey Medicare Nation! www.TheMedicareNation.com If you are turning 65 or still working on an employer group insurance plan, you may need assistance in finding the Medicare plan that fits YOUR unique needs. You may have a loved one in a nursing home or in an assisted living facility, who is not receiving proper care. Call me! You can hire me as a consultant to assist you with Medicare issues! Call 855-855-7266 or eMail me at Support@TheMedicareNation.com Tell me the situation and I'll personally get back to you! Today, I am speaking to you about Shingles Vaccines! There are two Shingles vaccines licensed in the United States available. The first one is the "Zoster Vaccine Live," also known as "Zostavax." Many of you probably have received this vaccine, which is a "Live" vaccine and the CDC reports it as being 51% effective against Shingles. The second vaccine is the "Recombinant Zoster Vaccine," also known as "Shingrix" has been used since October of 2017. The CDC reports the Shingrix vaccine is about 91% effective against Shingles. The cost of the Shingles vaccine is covered under Medicare "Part D." You can look up the Zostavax vaccine or Shingrix vaccine in your plan's formulary, or you can call the customer service number on the back of your identification card. Every plan can have a different cost for either vaccine, so it is important you check with your plan, prior to getting the vaccine. There are side effects that can be associated with either vaccine. Go to the CDC website to learn more about Shingles and the vaccines www.cdc.gov/vaccinesafety Learn more about how Shingles is transmitted, the sign & symptons and treatment for Shingles here: www.cdc.gov/shingles I'm not a doctor! If you have any health related questions regarding shingles and/or vaccines, due your own due diligence or contact your health care provider for more information. Thank you for listening to Medicare Nation! If you are part of my “Sandwich Generation,” Share this show with your parents and/or grandparents. They have many questions about Medicare and this show will answer them! Buy them a “Smart Phone,” and introduce them to Medicare Nation! If you are a Baby Boomer, share Medicare Nation with other “Baby Boomers.” I want to educate as many of you as I can about Medicare! I certainly can use your help in putting the word out! If you have any questions, send them to Support@TheMedicareNation.com If I can answer it in one email - I will personally answer you! If your question requires research or additional contact with you, I do offer consulting if you would like me to assist you in that manner. Want to hear a topic on Medicare Nation? A special guest? Let me know and I'll do my best to get them on the show! Thanks again for listening!
Episode 5: A Shot of HealthToday we focus on four adult immunizations: tetanus, pneumonia, shingles, and influenza.Tetanus - a tetanus (Td) booster is needed every 10 years or less. Every adult should get Tdap once to protect against pertussis (whooping cough). Tetanus can be acquired from a skin puncture by rusty metal, and is also present throughout the environment, especially in soil.Pneumonia - pneumonia is a lower respiratory tract infection / infection of the lungs. It can be caused by Pneumococcus bacteria, which has a thick outer shell that makes it more difficult for our immune system to fight. Generally pneumonia vaccines are started at age 65. They are given earlier for patients with a decreased immune system, compromised respiratory system (such as in asthma or COPD), and some other conditions. PCV 13 is the vaccine generally given first at age 65, and PPSV23 is given 1 year later. If given before age 65, they are given 8 weeks apart.Shingles - shingles is caused by the chicken pox virus. After clearing chicken pox, the virus is dormant near the spine in nerve roots. Later in life, especially in situations of immune compromise, the virus can reactivate and cause shingles. The rash will affect one dermatome of the skin, which is the area of the skin supplied by nerves from a single nerve root. The older vaccine for shingles, known as Zostavax, was a live vaccine. Because it was live, certain populations couldn’t receive it. It also had lower efficacy, especially in older adults. The newer vaccine, Shingrix, is not live and has better efficacy.Influenza - influenza is a viral infection that largely affects the airways and is worrisome when it causes viral pneumonia. Symptoms include fever, cough, body aches, runny nose, and headaches; this can progress to shortness of breath and difficulty breathing. We recommend the influenza vaccine yearly for everyone. Influenza can be life threatening even to healthy individuals. Yearly flu vaccines reduce mortality and severity of influenza infections.Health Pearl: Tasty Lentil TacosFollow us on Facebook and Twitter:If you like what you hear, please rate, review, and subscribe to our podcast. Please help us spread the word!
The Mardi Gras Special---Jett and Matt tackle two major problems associated with Mardi Gras Madness. They also discuss glaucoma treatments, compare lice remedies, and breakdown the new drug, Xepi. Paid Claim To Laura Monteverdi and THV11 for their "Saving a Generation" special that spotlights the opioid epidemic taking over our nation. Link Below: Saving a Generation: The Opioid Crisis Non-Cog To GSK---Where is all the Shingrix??
A heartwarming conversation with Marion Ross, the unforgettable Mrs. C from "Happy Days."
We now have two vaccinations to protect against herpes zoster — a live-attenuated vaccine (Zostavax) and the new recombinant subunit vaccine (Shingrix). While the live-attenuated vaccine has been available for more than a decade and a CDC-recommended vaccine in older adults, only one in three eligible patients have received it. Based on the results of two recently published studies, the new recombinant subunit vaccine appears to provide substantially improved efficacy and duration. Guest Author: Katherine Montag Schafer, PharmD, BCACP Music by Good Talk
Shingles is caused by the varicella zoster virus (VZV), which is the same virus that causes chickenpox and it can cause a painful rash and many other uncomfortable symptoms. The only way to prevent and protect yourself from shingles is by getting vaccinated. Elizabeth Wright, MD, discusses the new two-dose shingles vaccine, Shingrix and why it might be a more effective vaccine.
RheumNow Week In Review - Do You Dig Shingrix%3F %284.13.2018%29 by Dr. Cush
Join us on the pharm as we breakdown the purpose of the pod, up to date info on Shingrix, and which nasal steroids you should be recommending.
Disgruntled Dan's Conclusions 1) Shingrix – Reduces the incidence of Herpes Zoster Infections RRR of 97%; NNT of 36 over 3.7 years -Are the results too good to be true? -No long-term efficacy data yet.... 2) Shingrix – Requires 2 intramuscular injections spaced 2-6 months apart -Adherence may be an issue - will one dose be effective? -Second dose can still be given outside of the 2-6 month window without restarting the series 3) As per the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices it is safe to provide the Shingrix vaccine to those previously immunized with Zostavax – space a minimum of 8 weeks apart. -Can provide the flu vaccine simultaneously with Shingrix 4) No contraindication to providing Shingrix to the immunocompromised. -Trials have been completed in HIV infected and haematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients and thus far have been shown to be safe but the clinical efficacy in these patient populations is yet to be evaluated. 5) Cost -Shingrix ~$150/injection - ~$300 per series -Zostavax ~200+/injection References 1) Morrison, V.A. et al. Long-term Persistence of Zoster Vaccine Efficacy. Clin. Infect. Dis. 60, 900–909 (2015). 2) Schmader, K. E. et al. Persistence of the Efficacy of Zoster Vaccine in the Shingles Prevention Study and the Short-Term Persistence Substudy. Clin. Infect. Dis. 55, 1320–1328 (2012). 3) Oxman, M. N. et al. A Vaccine to Prevent Herpes Zoster and Postherpetic Neuralgia in Older Adults. N. Engl. J. Med. 352, 2271–2284 (2005). 4) Cunningham, A. L. et al. Efficacy of the Herpes Zoster Subunit Vaccine in Adults 70 Years of Age or Older. N. Engl. J. Med. 375, 1019–1032 (2016). 5) Grupping, K. et al. Immunogenicity and Safety of the HZ/su Adjuvanted Herpes Zoster Subunit Vaccine in Adults Previously Vaccinated With a Live Attenuated Herpes Zoster Vaccine. J. Infect. Dis. 216, 1343–1351 (2017). 6) Lal, H. et al. Efficacy of an Adjuvanted Herpes Zoster Subunit Vaccine in Older Adults. N. Engl. J. Med. 372, 2087–2096 (2015). 7) Bharucha, T., Ming, D. & Breuer, J. A critical appraisal of ‘Shingrix’, a novel herpes zoster subunit vaccine (HZ/Su or GSK1437173A) for varicella zoster virus. Hum. Vaccin. Immunother. 13, 1789–1797 (2017). 8) GSK. Product Monograph: Shingrix. (2017). 9) Albrecht, M., Hirsch, M. & Mitty, J. Vaccination for the prevention of shingles (herpes zoster) - UpToDate. (2017). Available at: https://www.uptodate.com/contents/vaccination-for-the-prevention-of-shingles-herpes-zoster?search=shingles&source=search_result&selectedTitle=4~150&usage_type=default&display_rank=4. (Accessed: 19th February 2018) 10) Keilly, J., et al. Rx Files:A Summary Herpes Zoster Vaccine (ZOSTAVAX). 11) Canada. National Advisory Committee on Immunization & Public Health Agency of Canada. An advisory committee statement (ACS) - National Advisory Committee on Immunization (NACI) : update on the use of herpes zoster vaccine
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