Miniaturized satellites made up of cubic units
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ESA's PLATO mission gets its eyes installed, Webb finds water ice in another star system, could it be dark matter and not dark energy that's evolving over time? And in our longer [Space Bites+] on Patreon, researchers have found that hardy bacteria are evolving to thrive in spacecraft clean rooms.
On this week's episode, Alex dives into Japan's Lignosat mission from JAXA! LignoSat is a wooden CubeSat launched from the International Space Station on December 13, 2024. LignoSat aims to test wood as a sustainable, thermally insulating alternative to traditional space materials like aluminum and titanium. Previous research by Kyoto University showed wood's resilience to space conditions over 10 months. The mission could reduce orbital debris and environmental impacts of re-entry. We also recognize the major job changes in the space industry since the start of the year and invite space professionals to network here on Today In Space! Email us at todayinspacepodcast@gmail.com if you're interested in sharing your Space Industry story and promote what you're working on next in an episode of People of Science. Here to give you a voice and to share your experience to an awesome space community! Sources: https://www.pnas.org/doi/10.1073/pnas.2313374120 https://www.theguardian.com/science/2024/nov/05/worlds-first-wooden-satellite-launched-into-space https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/c5y3qzd5ql9o https://www.space.com/space-exploration/launches-spacecraft/watch-spacex-launch-3-tons-of-cargo-to-iss-today https://youtu.be/u1NJmz5m7zY?si=V7BXQ_OdYhRaDmC9 https://digital.wpi.edu/concern/student_works/xp68kh975?locale=en Keywords: wooden CubeSat, space material, thermal insulation, sustainably sourced, orbital debris, re-entry safety, space industry changes, job opportunities, material science, environmental impact, space exploration, CubeSat project, space research, wood properties, space innovation Timestamps: 00:00 Lignosat Mission Overview 01:42 Background and Launch Details 02:26 Space Industry Job Transitions 03:26 Why Wood is a Great Space Material 05:54 Environmental Benefits of Wood in Space 10:15 Challenges and Future Prospects 11:30 NEW 3D Printing Blog is up from AG3D! -------------------------- Here's to building a fantastic future - and continued progress in Space (and humanity)! Spread Love, Spread Science Alex G. Orphanos We'd like to thank our sponsors: AG3D Printing Follow us: @todayinspacepod on Instagram/Twitter @todayinspace on TikTok /TodayInSpacePodcast on Facebook Support the podcast: • Buy a 3D printed gift from our shop - ag3dprinting.etsy.com • Get a free quote on your next 3D printing project at ag3d-printing.com • Donate at todayinspace.net #spacecraft #technology #aerospace #spacetechnology #engineer #stem #artemis #astronaut #spacewalk #crewdragon #falcon9 #elonmusk #starship #superheavybooster #blueorigin #newglenn #rocket #jaredisaacman #nasahistory #spaceshuttle #lignosat #woodinspace #iamgroot #jaxa
Merging new technologies with those being readied for flight demonstrations can have surprising results.
This episode of the Space Industry podcast by satsearch is a conversation between Narayan Prasad of satsearch and Antonio Vázquez García, Co-founder and Head of Business Development at satsearch Trusted Supplier Alén Space. Alén Space is a Spain-based manufacturer of satellite technology across a range of form factors, offering both individual space systems and turnkey solutions for new missions. It is also a part of GMV Group.In the podcast Narayan and Antonio discuss:How the CubeSat sector has evolved over the years, and where this market, and microsats, may be headingThe growing importance of cybersecurity in space, and some ongoing projects to improve itThe importance of LEO Positioning, Navigation, and Timing (PNT), particularly for autonomous systems Alén Space's work in the space industry, including ongoing projects and plans for the futureYou can find out more about Alén Space here on their satsearch supplier hub https://satsearch.com/suppliers/alenspace.And if you would like to learn more about the space industry and our work at satsearch building the global marketplace for space, please join our newsletter https://satsearch.com/mailing-list.[Music from Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/all-good-folks/when-we-get-there License code: Y4KZEAESHXDHNYRA]
Astronomy Daily - The Podcast: S03E192Welcome to Astronomy Daily, your premier source for the latest news in space and Astronomy. I'm your host, Anna, and today we're embarking on a cosmic journey that spans from the militarization of space to the mysteries of Venus.Highlights:- Militarization of Space: As space becomes a potential battleground, nations worldwide are investing in space defense. With both kinetic and non-kinetic weapons being explored, the risks of an arms race in space are growing, raising concerns about the need for updated international regulations.- ESA's HERA Mission Success: The European Space Agency's HERA mission marks a milestone with its CubeSats, Juventus and Milani, successfully signaling from deep space. This achievement paves the way for future deep space missions using these miniature satellites.- Launch Schedule: A busy week for space launches includes China's Shenzhou 19 mission, SpaceX's multiple Starlink launches, and a secretive Russian mission. With Rocket Lab also joining the action, the global space launch landscape continues to expand.- China's Space Milestone: Wang Haoze becomes China's only female spaceflight engineer to join the Tiangong Space Station crew, marking a significant step in China's space exploration efforts and highlighting its commitment to diversity.- NASA's Artemis 3 Landing Sites: NASA narrows down potential landing sites for the Artemis 3 mission near the Moon's south pole. These sites offer scientific value and the potential for sustainable lunar exploration, setting the stage for future human missions to Mars.- Venus's Ancient Impact Craters: New research suggests the discovery of ancient impact craters on Venus, providing insights into the planet's geological history and challenging our understanding of planetary evolution.For more cosmic news, visit our website at astronomydaily.io. Sign up for our free Daily newsletter and explore sponsor links for great deals. Catch up on all our previous episodes and join our celestial community on social media. Find us as #AstroDailyPod on Facebook, X, YouTube, Tumblr, and TikTok. Share your thoughts and connect with fellow space enthusiasts.Thank you for tuning in. This is Anna signing off. Until next time, keep looking up and stay curious about the wonders of our universe.Sponsor Links:NordVPN - www.bitesz.com/nordvpn - currently Up to 74% off + 3 extra monthsOld Glory - www.bitesz.com/oldglory Official NASA Merch. Over 100,000 items in stockProton Mail - www.bitesz.com/protonmail Secure email that protects your privacyMalwarebytes - www.bitesz.com/malwarebytes Premium protection for you and all your devices!Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/astronomy-daily-the-podcast--5648921/support
Tim Spiller, director of the Quantum Communications Hub in the UK, is interviewed by Yuval Boger. Tim describes the Hub's work on quantum key distribution (QKD) and quantum networking. He highlights advancements in short- and long-range quantum communications, including a CubeSat-based QKD system. Tim elaborates on the transition from research to commercialization within the UK National Quantum Technologies Program, touching on intellectual property transfer, industry partnerships, and ethical considerations in secure communications. He also shares insights on global quantum initiatives in China, Europe, and the US, future quantum networking goals in the UK, and much more.
NASA's Starling team will now embark on an extension mission in partnership with Space X's Starlink constellation to test space traffic coordination.
Welcome to Astronomy Daily, the podcast where we bring you the latest space and Astronomy news. I'm your host, Anna. Today we have an exciting lineup of stories that you won't want to miss. We're starting off with the launch of ESA's new PICSAT-2 satellite, which aims to revolutionize Earth observation through the power of artificial intelligence. Next, we'll dive into NASA's DART mission, which not only managed to deflect an asteroid but also offered invaluable insights into planetary defense strategies. We'll also explore how astronomers are making strides in predicting the feeding times of black holes. Yes, you heard that right. The cosmic voids have dinner schedules. Finally, we'll delve into a fascinating study that uncovers Earth's rotational history, revealing a pattern that has implications for major environmental events across millions of years. So sit back, relax, and get ready to journey through the cosmos with us.- **ESA's PICSAT-2 Satellite Revolutionizes Earth Observation**: ESA's PICSAT-2 satellite has officially launched, marking a revolutionary advancement in Earth observation through artificial intelligence. - **NASA's DART Mission: A Breakthrough in Planetary Defense**: NASA's Double Asteroid Redirection Test, or DART, mission, has made a significant splash in planetary defense by successfully demonstrating the ability to deflect an asteroid. The mission involved sending a spacecraft to collide deliberately with the moonlet Dimorphos, which is part of the binary asteroid system Didymos. - **Predicting Black Hole Feeding Times**: Astronomers have made an impressive leap in our understanding of black holes by successfully predicting the meal times of a colossal black hole. This prediction came after observing the black hole's consumption of a nearby star in bits and pieces. The initial data was captured in 2018, when a surge of brightness was detected from a galaxy about 860 million light-years away. - **Uncovering Earth's Rotational History**: A recent study has uncovered intriguing details about the Earth's rotational history, revealing a staircase pattern of deceleration interspersed with periods of stability. By analyzing sediment samples dating back a staggering 650 million years, researchers have pieced together how our planet's spin has changed over the eons. For more Astronomy Daily, including our continually updating newsfeed, visit our website at astronomydaily.io. Follow us on social media at AstroDailyPod on Facebook, X, YouTubeMusic, and TikTok. We love engaging with our community, so be sure to drop us a message or comment on your favorite platform.For more Space and Astronomy News Podcasts, visit our HQ at www.bitesz.com.Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/astronomy-daily-the-podcast--5648921/support.
Lunar halos are a fairly common sight that occur when high thin clouds containing millions of tiny ice crystals cover much of the sky.
West Australian high school payloads to space! Find out about the BinarX Outreach Program which connects West Australian high school students with the Binar Space Program at Curtin University. We catch up with Outreach Program Coordinator Meg Berry and Ahla & Shivani from Bob Hawke College to learn more about the Binar 2-3-4 in early August! Hosted by Ben Newsome from Fizzics Education About the BinarX Outreach Program The BinarX program sees West Australian students design and prototype science payloads for the Binar cubesat, and then build those projects for launch on-orbit with the Binar Space Program at Curtin University. Payload concepts are directed by students and teachers & may include sensors to study earth and space environment, samples for testing in microgravity, or samples for testing in a vacuum. They may also include a software-only payload running on Binar's flight computer. Students will access their results using amateur band radio, either at Curtin or through other ground stations participating in the open source SatNOGS network. As part of the program, students and teachers will also construct and operate their own SatNOGS ground station to gain a better understanding of radio communications and contribute back to the SatNOGS community. As the program progresses, BinarX will guide teachers and students through obtaining radio licenses and installing amateur radio equipment in their schools. This will allow them to communicate with their satellite payload directly, and connect with the rest of the global amateur satellite community.The program is currently at capacity for the 2024-2026 Student Payload Development Program, but please register your interest for future opportunities with the program! Launch details for Binar 2-3-4! If you're in Perth, WA, please register to join us at our in-person launch event this weekend! Binar 2-3-4 are scheduled to launch from Cape Canaveral, FL on board SpaceX Falcon 9 CRS NG-2 at 23:28PM AWST, so the in-person event may be to watch the livestream of the docking with the International Space Station theafternoon of August 4th, 2024. (but please follow the socials for updates as launch times can change at the last minute!). Anyone, anywhere can watch the livestream of the launch carrying the next 3 cube sats to space!> Space Coast Live: 24/7 Views of NASA, SpaceX Falcon 9Operations, and Starship Pad Construction - YouTube (forthe rocket launch)> NASA Live: Official Stream of NASA TV (youtube.com) (for the docking with the ISS) Find out more https://www.binarspace.com/binarx/ Bintroduction to Electronics Kits> binarspace.com/box> Has all the materials and instructions that anyone can use tostart building their own prototype payloads.> If you're an educator in Western Australia, email us atbinarx@curtin.edu.au to request a kit. BinarX summer holiday program which builds on the electronics kits and teaches students to design, build, test and fly their payloads on model rockets. About Meg BerryMeg Berry is the BinarX Outreach Program Coordinator within the Binar Space Program at Curtin University. Within her own community, Meg is actively involved as a coach and judge in FIRST® LEGO® League, which is a LEGO® robotics “co-opertition” that inspires innovation and fosters well-rounded life capabilities including self-confidence, communication, and leadership in students. With a background in graphic design and project management, Meg brings a unique creative angle to the BinarX Outreach Program. Having worked extensively in public artwork and signage manufacturing, she understands the power of visual storytelling in conveying complex ideas to diverse audiences. Her goal is to support the school community—students, teachers, parents, and beyond—on the exciting journey ahead in the realm of space exploration. Hosted by Ben Newsome from Fizzics Education With interviews with leading science educators and STEM thought leaders, this science education podcast is about highlighting different ways of teaching kids within and beyond the classroom. It's not just about educational practice & pedagogy, it's about inspiring new ideas & challenging conventions of how students can learn about their world! https://www.fizzicseducation.com.au/ Know an educator who'd love this STEM podcast episode? Share it!The FizzicsEd podcast is a member of the Australian Educators Online Network (AEON )http://www.aeon.net.au/See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.
Welcome to Astronomy Daily, your go-to podcast for the latest news and updates from the fascinating world of astronomy and space exploration. I'm your host, Anna, and I'm thrilled to have you with us today.We've got a lineup of exciting stories that span from groundbreaking missions to the cutting-edge technology shaping our future in space.In today's episode, we're diving into SpaceX's preparations for the fifth flight of its revolutionary Starship program, including heat shield upgrades and static fire tests. We'll also explore groundbreaking discoveries from the James Webb Space Telescope, revealing that spiral galaxies were more common in the early universe than previously believed. Next, we'll look at China's Tiangong space station, where astronauts recently completed a successful spacewalk to install space debris protection. Finally, we'll delve into advancements in CubeSat propulsion technologies, breaking down various systems and their potential impact on space exploration.So sit back, relax, and let's embark on this cosmic adventure together.Don't forget to visit our website at astronomydaily.io, where you can stay up to date with the latest space news through our continually updating news feed. There, you'll also find additional resources and the full archive of our podcast episodes available for streaming anytime. Stay curious, keep looking to the stars, and make sure to tune in next time for more cosmic insights and adventures. Until then, this is Anna signing off. Clear skies and happy stargazing.https://www.astronomydaily.iohttps://www.bitesz.comSupport our sponsor...NordVPN who helped make this episode possible. Get our special deal at www.bitesz.com/nordvpnBecome a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/astronomy-daily-the-podcast--5648921/support.
Welcome to Astronomy Daily, your source for the latest space news. I'm your host, Anna. In today's episode, we have some exciting updates from the world of space exploration and technology.Firefly Aerospace has achieved a groundbreaking milestone with the successful launch of eight CubeSat satellites. Europe is preparing for a monumental event with the upcoming launch of the Ariane Six rocket. We'll also delve into some innovative technology being tested in space by Berkeley researchers, specifically a next-generation 3D printer that could revolutionize long-duration space missions. Sit back, relax, and let's dive into the cosmos.Don't forget to visit our website at astronomydaily.io for more episodes and the latest news. Follow us on Facebook, X, and TikTok for more updates. Until next time, keep looking up.astronomydaily.iobitesz.comBecome a supporter of this podcast: Support Astronomy Daily.For all the latest Space News from our continuosly updating newfeed: NewsfeedSupport our sponsor NordVPN and be surprised by their very special offer - bitesz.com/nordvpn
After ten months in orbit, NASA's Starling spacecraft have successfully demonstrated their primary objectives.
In this episode of the Web3 with Sam Kamani podcast, we dive into the groundbreaking world of IoT and decentralized physical infrastructure with Tim from Chirp Network. Discover how Chirp is set to revolutionize global connectivity by launching their own CubeSats and providing unprecedented coverage. Learn how their innovative approach reduces costs and passes savings onto clients, making IoT more accessible than ever. If you're fascinated by the future of IoT, blockchain, and community-powered networks, this episode is a must-listen. Key Learnings: [00:00:12] - Chirp's plan to launch CubeSats providing global coverage, making it the largest network by area. [00:00:29] - The integration of CubeSats with Chirp's terrestrial network to reduce costs. [00:02:04] - Explanation of Chirp's community-owned network for IoT and mobile connectivity. [00:03:14] - The current state and potential of the IoT market, valued at $200 billion. [00:04:48] - Examples of commercial uses for IoT, including cellular and satellite connectivity. [00:07:19] - Future plans for integrating video solutions with AI for enhanced IoT applications. [00:13:03] - The benefits of using blockchain for incentivizing network growth and ensuring data immutability. [00:17:12] - Chirp's partnership with Peak Network for providing connectivity to Deepin projects. [00:22:19] - Details about Chirp's CubeSat launch and its impact on global connectivity. [00:33:35] - Chirp's strategy for maintaining optimal network quality and protecting rewards for network keepers. Disclaimer: Nothing mentioned in this podcast is investment advice and please do your own research. Finally, it would mean a lot if you can leave a review of this podcast on Apple Podcasts or Spotify and share this podcast with a friend. Connect with Tim and Chirp here: https://www.linkedin.com/in/tim-kravchunovsky-40411530/ https://chirpwireless.io/ https://www.linkedin.com/company/chirpiot/ Connect with me here - https://samkamani.com/#linktree --- Send in a voice message: https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/web3podcast/message
This episode features Vikram Pakrashi in conversation with Lorraine Hanlon and David McKeown from UCD, who share their experience of working on EIRSAT-1, Ireland's first satellite. Burning Questions is a conversation podcast that shines a spotlight on expertise in the fields of the engineering, mechanics and computer science across the island of Ireland. Each episode is structured around an interview with a leader/leaders in their field who will share insights into projects and research that have a tangible impact on the world around us. Lorraine Hanlon is Professor of Astronomy at UCD and Director of UCD's Centre for Space Research. She did her undergraduate (BSc) and graduate (MSc and PhD) degrees in Experimental Physics and was a research fellow and an EU Human Capital and Mobility fellow at the European Space and Technology Research Centre (ESTEC) in the Netherlands, ESA's establishment for space mission development. Lorraine is currently Chair of ESA's Astronomy Working Group and is a member of the ESA Space Science Advisory Committee. She also serves as science advisor to the Irish delegation to the ESA Science Programme Committee and is a member of the National Advisory Committee for the European Southern Observatory. She is a former trustee of the Royal Astronomical Society and Chair of the INTEGRAL Users' Group. Her main research interests are in high-energy astrophysics, gamma-ray bursts, multi-messenger astronomy, robotic telescopes, and space instrumentation. She is the Endorsing Professor for EIRSAT-1, Ireland's first satellite, a CubeSat developed by an interdisciplinary team of UCD students and staff under ESA's ‘Fly Your Satellite!' programme. David McKeown is Assistant Professor in the School of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, University College Dublin. His research focuses on the modelling and control of large flexible aerospace structures and the testing and verification of attitude determination and control systems (ADCS) for Nanosatellites. He was the Engineering Manager for the EIRSAT-1, Ireland's First Satellite which was recently launched. He is also the Principal Investigator on the European Space Agency funded DEAR project, building a robotic arm breadboard to test Lunar dust mitigation strategies. In collaboration with Lorraine, his team is building an ADCS testbed as part of the SFI funded NANO-SPACE project. He is a founding member of the UCD Centre for Space Research (C-Space) and the Lead academic for the Space Structure Dynamics and Control Theme. Vikram Pakrashi is Associate Professor in Mechanical Engineering and Director of Dynamical Systems and Risk Laboratory (DSRL) in UCD. Vikram is a Chartered Engineer and has served both industry and academia working on numerical and experimental applications of dynamics and risk/probabilistic analysis on traditional (roads, bridges) and bourgeoning (wind/wave energy devices and platforms) sectors of built infrastructure. is recent research activities involve structural health monitoring, analysis of dynamic systems, vibration control, experimental methods in dynamics, damage detection algorithms and the use of new technologies for such applications. Vikram has supervised and mentored several doctoral and postdoctoral researchers and has received multiple awards for his research and leadership activities. He currently works with a dynamic and motivated team in DSRL close to industrial needs.
SpaceTime with Stuart Gary | Astronomy, Space & Science News
Journey through the cosmic tapestry with SpaceTime Series 27 Episode 60, where we unearth the echoes of creation by discovering one of the most ancient stars ever seen in another galaxy. This remarkable find could lead us to the elusive first generation of stars that illuminated the universe from darkness to the dawn of clarity. These celestial ancestors, born from the pure elements of the Big Bang, were behemoths that lived fast and died young, leaving behind the building blocks of everything we know.The episode then shifts focus to the Hubble Space Telescope's latest challenge, as it enters safe mode due to a gyroscope glitch. Despite the setback, the iconic observatory's legacy of over three decades of celestial observations remains unshaken as NASA seeks a solution.Next, we launch into the story of Snoopy, a CubeSat deployed from the International Space Station. This six-unit CubeSat embarks on a mission to measure soil moisture and improve agricultural yields by harnessing signals from commercial satellites.For an exploration of these cosmic milestones and more, tune into SpaceTime with Stuart Gary. Join us as we navigate the universe's past, present, and future, revealing the wonders that lie beyond the night sky.(00:00) NASA's Hubble space telescope goes offline following a gyroscope issue(00:43) Astronomers have discovered one of the most ancient stars ever seen in another galaxy(06:49) NASAS Hubble Space Telescope enters safe mode due to gyroscopic issue(09:09) A new CubeSat called Snoopy has been launched from the ISS(13:41) Long term daily use of aspirin could help slow and even prevent colorectal cancer(20:09) Some people have been comparing this festival to the Wicker man filmSupport the show and access ad-free episodes at https://www.spreaker.com/show/spacetime. Follow our cosmic conversations on Twitter @stuartgary, Instagram, YouTube, and Facebook. Join us as we unravel the mysteries of the universe, one episode at a time.This episode is proudly supported by NordPass. Secure your digital journey across the cosmos with a password manager you can trust. Find your stellar security solution at https://www.bitesz.com/nordpass.Listen to SpaceTime on your favorite podcast app and follow us on Twitter @stuartgary, Instagram, YouTube, and Facebook.Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-with-stuart-gary--2458531/support.
In season 12, episode 12 of Beach Weekly, host Lei Madrigal discusses the CSULB SharkSat team's work with NASA, political instability in Haiti and more. Throughout April, support the Laurén Chalmers Beach Pantry by donating non-perishable food items to their college food drive. Donations are accepted at the College of Education, the College of Health & Human Services and the College of the Arts buildings. Rainbow Cafe, hosted by Counseling and Psychological Services, is a weekly social support group for LGBTQ students on Mondays from 3:30 p.m. to 5 p.m. This week's meeting will be today Monday, April 22, from 3:30 p.m. to 5 p.m. in Peterson Hall 1 Room 230. Live Your Life Day is an event in the Upper Quad that's held to increase suicide prevention awareness. It is on Tuesday, April 23 from 11 a.m. to 2 p.m., and there will be arts and crafts, free resources, food, raffles and more. The College of Business Student Center for Professional Development is hosting an online Zoom event about addressing conflict at work. It will be on Tuesday, April 23 from 5 p.m. to 6 p.m., and the Zoom link can be found in the College of Business Student Center for Professional Development Linktree. CSULB SharkSat is a team of engineers developing, testing and operating a small CubeSat satellite called SharkSat-1, which NASA has chosen to be launched into orbit. SharkSat-1 was entered in NASA's Launch Initiative, a program that provides opportunities for 10 CubeSat satellites made by American universities or nonprofit organizations. The satellite will aim to collect data on LED-induced blue light pollution and will be launched sometime from 2025 to 2028. The University of Southern California has barred its valedictorian, Asna Tabassum, from giving her commencement speech due to unspecified safety threats on Monday, April 15. This comes after Tabassum has openly voiced her stance on the Israel-Hamas War via social media. USC Provost Andrew T. Guzman claims that Tabassum's speech could create "substantial risks relating to security and disruption at commencement." New York City police officers arrested over 100 protestors last Thursday at a pro-Palestinian encampment at Columbia University. The Columbia University president requested that the police department remove individuals from the protest as they posed as a danger and disruption to the campus. Last Monday and Tuesday, schools, businesses, airports and more facilities within the United Arab Emirates closed after a year's worth of rain poured down in a single day. Runways at the Dubai International Airport flooded, and at least 1,200 flights were canceled, but the airport resumed normal operations by Friday. The United States has resumed deportation flights to Haiti, despite ongoing concerns over the country's political instability. Since Haiti's president was assassinated in 2021 and the two succeeding prime ministers resigned, the country has been struggling with gang violence and lack of government. Because of these complications, the U.S. had paused deportations to the country. However, last Thursday, immigration officials sent about 50 Haitians back to their home country on deportation flights. Host: Lei MadrigalEditor: Julia GoldmanProducers: El Nicklin, Aidan SwanepoelLike, comment, and follow us on your favorite platform for more content! Apple Podcastshttps://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/daily-49er-podcasts/id1488484518?uo=4 Google Podcastshttps://www.google.com/podcasts?feed=aHR0cHM6Ly9hbmNob3IuZm0vcy9kMzEwMjEwL3BvZGNhc3QvcnNz Spotifyhttps://open.spotify.com/show/4HJaqJep02kHeIQy8op1n1 Overcasthttps://overcast.fm/itunes1488484518/daily-49er-podcasts
Join us for a deep dive into the cutting-edge discussions on satellite security from HackspaceCon at Kennedy Space Center. Discover the unique challenges and cybersecurity implications as they explore the impact of technological constraints on satellite functionality and the emerging realm of space cybersecurity. Engage with the complex balance between cost, security, and functionality in the satellite industry—an ever-evolving battlefield in the skies above. 00:00 Introduction to the Episode: Insights from HackspaceCon 00:50 Key Takeaways from the Conference 02:03 Deep Dive into Satellite Security Challenges 14:40 The Potential and Perils of Satellite Ransomware 16:24 Exploring Cybersecurity in Space Technology 23:52 The Deterrents Against Satellite Hacking 28:10 Closing Thoughts and Conference Acknowledgments Hack a Virtualized Satellite: https://byos.ethoslabs.space/ Cybersecurity for Space, an awesome overview of the space written for cyber professionals with no prior space experience: https://a.co/d/fc5ZKiC Talks and Speakers are outlined here: https://www.hackspacecon.com/speakers24 Specific Speakers referenced in this episode: Tim Fowler Celi Johnson & Erin York Jacob Oakley Kaitlyn Handelman Tags: satellite security, cybersecurity, space technology, HackspaceCon, Kennedy Space Center, IoT in space, cyber attacks, satellite design, space junk, space rideshares, tech conference Search Phrases: Insights on satellite cybersecurity from HackspaceCon Discussion on space technology and security at Kennedy Space Center Challenges in satellite security and functionality IoT and cybersecurity implications in space technology Space junk and its impact on satellite operations What is space rideshare and its costs Satellite design constraints and cybersecurity risks Technological advancements in satellite operations Latest discussions from HackspaceCon on space cybersecurity How cyber attacks affect satellites and space operations Transcript: Space Con offsetkeyz: Welcome back to the Daily Decrypt. Last weekend, the two hosts of this podcast got to spend some time at HackspaceCon at Kennedy Space Center in Florida, and in this episode, we're just going to be discussing some of the takeaways we got during this conference. Dogespan and I recorded this from the kitchen of our Airbnb on the beach in Florida. And I mention that just so you're warned that the audio might not be the same as it is when we record in the studio. Sometimes the mic is a little too far from my mouth, sometimes it's too close to my mouth, and sometimes you'll hear the echo off the tile walls in the kitchen. And before we get in, I just wanted to read through the notes that I took for this episode with my key takeaways in a very cohesive way so that you can at least get that before we start rambling about it all. So just a high level. Satellites are just IOT in space. Just computers floating around in space that are really hard to talk to. Satellites operate in only a couple different elevations, like low earth orbit. And space junk is a real thing, so if a satellite gets damaged, space junk can damage other satellites. Space junk is also a huge deterrent for cyber attack and physical attack because countries don't want blowing up satellites to destroy their own satellites. Another point is that the supply chain for satellites is very small. There's only a few companies that make the components that go into satellites. Thus creating a pretty narrow attack vector. Satellites are built to accomplish their mission and contain no additional resources. if a satellite is compromised by an attacker, which you'll find out is pretty easy to do, attackers can make that satellite's failure look like anything from radiation to a bit flip to collision to a failure, they can make it look like anything they want. And finally, one of the biggest problems is there's no current incentive for reporting cyber incidents on satellites because there's nothing really that can be done about them. And they'll eventually de orbit. All right, let's get into the episode. dogespan: Satellites are computersin space. Never thought about it that way, to be completely honest. there's definitely more complication to hacking a satellite than hacking a TV, but It is, it's an IoT device. because of the limitations of space, they are stripping everything down on that operating system. And especially nowadays, and this was another thing that I didn't know, but there were specific operating systems that were essentially designed for satellites and space and all of the things that go into it. But now, with modern advancements in technology, these Satellites are able to run just little microcontrollers like your little hobby raspberry pi and arduino boards And you can put a regular operating system on there, but they're completely stripped down for Whatever purpose that they need so everything that would be secure just by default on A linux operating system is usually stripped out Power and weight, those are really like, offsetkeyz: Mm. dogespan: main things that they were driving in constantly throughout every talk was how power and weight is going to be affected by implementing a satellite. Everything has a purpose, so what are you gonna sacrifice? Are offsetkeyz: Mm-Hmm. dogespan: gonna sacrifice satellite antenna functionality offsetkeyz: Mm-Hmm. for dogespan: security? No, you're gonna sacrifice the security so that your satellite offsetkeyz: it needs to do, and weight is a big thing because it has to get out into space. And one of the other perspectives we just heard for the first time was space rideshares. That term is a legit term. Ridesharing to space, where companies need to put satellites into space, thus they contract out to SpaceX. And SpaceX has a little menu page with prices per kilogram, I might be misquoting, but just to give the listeners A relative gist of what they're costing. It's 300, 000 per kilogram. And so if your computer weighs one extra kilogram, because it has to carry up some hardening features for the operating system or to prevent intercepting of whatever, that's going to cost an extra 300K. dogespan: need to get a satellite up for communication for GPS or anything else and offsetkeyz: you dogespan: going to cost you more money to send something up that's a little bit more secure. Which I guess is the inherent theme on cyber security in general is that security does come with a cost. offsetkeyz: Mhm what dogespan: And luckily we're getting to a better place in business operations where We're understanding what that cost is and more willing to pay it, but when it comes to space, that's still, it's not a priority yet. offsetkeyz: And all the points that we heard during this conference make sense, right? Satellites, by quote, law, have to de orbit within a certain amount of time, because otherwise they turn into space junk, they get outdated, they create a whole bunch of other risks, so I believe any law abiding country keeps their satellites to under 10 years life cycle, so between 5 and 10 years seems to be the average life cycle of a satellite, so You're spending millions to put a satellite into orbit for about five years, if you're lucky. so why would you spend an extra million to secure this thing that could potentially just burn up? dogespan: I think it boils down to the use case and capabilities of the satellite. Like they all are sent up with a purpose. But as you know, with, as just any tech enthusiast, you typically look at a device that is a computer and you always think about what else it can do. So from an attacker's perspective, you may get access to a satellite that. Is, only supposed to take pictures of a certain area or something, but maybe there's other functionality that you can take advantage of to use for whatever you want. offsetkeyz: there was a quote that I really liked and I don't specifically remember who said it but I believe it was in a talk called Dude, I Broke the Satellite by Suely Johnson and Aaron York, where they said, effective software gets the job done. Secure software only gets the job done. It doesn't do any other functionality than what is needed. for the job. So if you think about effective software, it's going to get that thing done. It's going to take the pictures from the space of whatever it's supposed to take pictures of really, really well. But what else can it do? What else can that satellite out there do that is shooting XM radio to you while you cruise through the countrysides? Maybe it can intercept communications over China or Russia. Like maybe it can do a whole bunch of other stuff that would be very beneficial for an adversary. And also communicate XM so that's where one of the attack vectors is that is pretty prevalent on the surface of the planet as well but very prevalent up there dogespan: So one of the interesting points that was brought up in Extraterrestrial Security by, uh, Jacob Oakley how attackers can use the satellites as a relay. That I found really, really interesting, where an attacker would go and take control of, the satellite controller on the ground, so they don't even have to go up to space, build any sort of radio communications to get out of Earth. They go and attack that user, and then from there they're able to redirect communications up to the satellite, and then bounce to another satellite. And if that satellite that they bounce to is controlled somewhere else, well now they're able to Relay that back to the ground, to a new, a whole new destination So that brings up another point that I found pretty interesting, which is that yes, these satellites move in what's called constellations. There's a bunch of them. They're all owned by the same company and they communicate back and forth to each other to help maybe increase their processing power or accomplish their mission more effectively. dogespan: but satellites offsetkeyz: Cost a lot of money to get up there. And in order to recoup that money, they have to use every single minute of their time in space, because as I mentioned earlier, it is limited to make money. first of all, they don't have the resources on board to accommodate security, but they also don't have the time to push a patch because when a satellite is in a position to receive and send communications, That's only maximum 40 to 50 percent of the time it's in space. The owners of that satellite want to maximize the amount of bang they get for their buck. Right? So cybersecurity me comes in and says, Hey, we need to push a patch. A new vulnerability was, has been exploited amongst satellites similar to yours, and we need to push a patch. And it's going to take down your mission capabilities for three orbits. And they say, no, they just, they won't do it because then you're taking away from the mission. No, dogespan: it may take a while to get that patch up there, and I don't remember the exact figure, but I wanna say they were talking about somewhere around the range of like 30 . Kilobytes per second offsetkeyz: Sounds right to me. dogespan: Yeah. It was somewhere between 30 and 50, like we're talking old school, dial up speed, and you think about what a patch would be to a microcontroller. It's still gonna be small. But the amount of data that we work with on a regular basis is just so much larger, and these microcontrollers can still support a lot, like, you can have an entire terabyte in the size of a tiny microchip. And, yeah, what if this patch was a couple hundred megabytes and your satellite's only in view to receive communication for a short period of time? So, yeah. It is gonna be priority of the mission over patch. offsetkeyz: When a satellite fails, a company has gone and spent a lot of money on the satellite and everyone from the stakeholders of the satellite mission to NASA scientists want to know what happened, what caused that satellite to fail so that they can improve future satellites, right? And reduce failures in the future. So when a satellite fails, they bring in the company. Top professionals, top physicists, professors at Harvard professor to MIT, NASA scientists who work on Apollo 14, uh, whoever to tear apart the data that they got the last transmissions and figure out why it failed and figure out how to prevent it in the future. Right. But one of the points that was made is that they never bring in a cybersecurity professional, because what's interesting about how satellites operate is if you, if you get root on a satellite, if you get full permissions over satellite, you can control. Everything from the log outputs to the movements of the satellite to everything. So an attacker can make that failure look like it was caused by radiation or caused by a component failure or whatever they choose. And so honestly, having a cybersecurity professional checking the transmission logs leading up to it, maybe the month before or something like that could help identify an attack and could help. Yeah, dogespan: future satellite missions. Yeah, the, um Aerospace engineers, the geniuses that they are, they know and understand the way that these things are supposed to operate. All of the physics and everything that goes with, orbits and gravity, like all of that stuff. A crazy amount of stuff that they have to know and understand. And they're able to get to the root cause of this, but they are not trained to look at it forensically. They are not inherently going to think. of the possibility of an attack. And that's where I think it wouldn't be beneficial to have the cyber security professional, because they are, they're going to look at some of the things that aren't typical. And that is one of the things that was brought up, is that engineers across the board, and I'm even calling out cyber security engineers, but software developers, aerospace engineers, like we are all inherently lazy, and if we see that something works, we will continue to follow that trend. And Utilize things. offsetkeyz: if dogespan: previously, we'll keep going down that hole. But it always helps to have looking in and things. offsetkeyz: helps to have outsiders looking in and inspecting things. dogespan: Attackers, pen testers, blue teamers. Um, offsetkeyz: that this is an untapped field and moved into it. So one of the last talks we went to today dogespan: T, cybersecurity by Jacob Oakley. offsetkeyz: is a dogespan: T, offsetkeyz: cybersecurity, teaches at Embry Riddle University and was a former pen tester, was a former red teamer who got into space and he was telling us about how his first briefing with the engineers and the software engineers who were working on these satellites, dogespan: satellites, offsetkeyz: mentioned what happens if there's an attack and they, this was in 2019, 2020, very recently, they, with full confidence. Mentioned that, Hey, it doesn't matter. They have backups. It doesn't matter. They have scripts that run to reboot. The machine and, start the mission over. They have all of these things, all of these fail safes. So it doesn't matter if they get attacked, they have these fail safes. he might not have had the greatest retort in his first little briefing, but those are all absolutely destroyable by an attacker. If someone has root, they can make that script. Do something very malicious on a recurring basis, they can erase the backups, and these engineers had thought about the possibility of attack and place these measures to help recover from that attack. It's not a forethought. It's a, it's just, they weren't thinking with a cybersecurity mindset. dogespan: What would ransomware look like on a satellite nowadays? do we just wipe it? offsetkeyz: Dude. I mean, I had never thought about ransomware on a satellite, dogespan: but oh man, I hope no ransomware people listen to this cause it's such an easy target for ransomware. offsetkeyz: Um, now that I'm thinking about it. dogespan: touch an easy target for offsetkeyz: was James that is probably one And dogespan: It's not like one of these other satellites that we're talking about that You know only have a three to five year lifespan and that's kind of hoping for the best like James Webb I think is something that they're they're hoping to get a lot of use out of and locking that down like how do you recover from it and Yeah, what do you do? I know one of the things that was mentioned, I forget if it was like on a positive note or something, but it, you know, shooting down satellites. Mm hmm. Well, offsetkeyz: Oh, before we get into shooting down satellites, that's a whole another topic, I just am so stuck on how perfect of a target satellites are for ransomware. It's just hitting me now. I'm so sad that I didn't have a chance to talk to people about it because These companies, first of all, spend. Millions of dollars to get this thing to space. They only have a limited amount of time to use it. They care a lot about it and they have a lot of money to make sure it continues to work they don't secure it. So it's very easy to hijack and the people who own it have a lot of money. That's like just like the two components of ransomware success. And now I'm scared so we can move on now. dogespan: on now. Oh, I this is all kind of centered around the satellites and objects that are offsetkeyz: orbiting dogespan: Earth, but we are doing a lot more advanced stuff with space technology, you know, We've had satellites that kind of deployed to asteroids to collect samples. I think one of the other tests that we've had was a shooting of rocket at an asteroid to see if it could be redirected. So, What does the cyber security look like on something like that? Because it does, just requires long range communication. So you have two points of vulnerability, or two vectors of attack. You can either go directly towards the satellite, or rocket, or whatever it is, or you can go at the ground station and take control of it there. So, we have ransomware, but also, what if something is providing an important Service. And it's hijacked in transit and redirected somewhere else. You know, we have, we have the ISS up there and we're shooting rockets into space. offsetkeyz: ISS up there dogespan: Sorry, if I'm going down a doomsday offsetkeyz: space. Sorry if you see the rabbit hole there? dogespan: cyber offsetkeyz: is kind of doomsday y, and it's a ticking time bomb from what we gathered. It's an unexplored cybersecurity vector. Which makes it fun for cybersecurity professionals. If you think about 20 to 30 years ago, what cybersecurity looked like, it was pretty much what we have in the sky at this moment, we have Linux boxes, we have all these unpatched vulnerabilities and it's great to pen test them and it's great to defend them because you get a lot of easy wins. So in that realm, it's great for us, but technology on earth has far surpassed the technology in the sky. And all satellites are, as we mentioned at the beginning, is IOT in the sky. So dogespan had mentioned at the beginning that there's a little bit more to it than that, pretty much as far as I'm concerned, a little bit more to it than that is the fact that you can only communicate with them on a very low bandwidth. And. On a inconsistent, well, I guess it is a pretty consistent schedule, but not all the time. if these satellites were sitting in your living room, you would be in, you would have root in dogespan: a offsetkeyz: a minute, two minutes for most of them, dogespan: And so, offsetkeyz: right? whoever can solve the problem of communicating with them better, wins all the satellites. dogespan: with communication communication and then also the resource constraints I think can help but it is an interesting area of cyber security, and I think it's going to open up a lot of opportunities, especially with more private companies getting involved in it. We have a number of companies that are, well, like we mentioned, this Rideshare, but they're also putting their own service, their satellites and things into space, so. That's going to help, I think, ultimately, instead of it just being only the government that's getting involved in space. More people getting out there is, it's going to open the door for more opportunity for cyber security professionals to pivot, and more people just being aware of how it operates and how it works. offsetkeyz: And just like anything in tech, the more you do something, the lower it starts to cost, the more success you have, you're driving that cost down. And if you can drive that cost down, maybe you can get the bottom line to include some budget for cybersecurity, but it's sort of a teeter tottering effect because the more satellites we put into space, the more junk there is, the more vulnerabilities there are. But at the same time, the more we do, the more successes we have, the more likely it is, it's going to become a blooming field of cybersecurity. offsetkeyz: So we're coming up on the end of our time here, but just wanted to quickly touch on why does it matter if satellites are hacked? And that is something that is only recently being discussed. At least leaning towards defend them. Like it's probably been discussed amongst engineers and software developers who work on satellites, but they came up with, it doesn't matter. So why does it matter? I dogespan: one of the things that was mentioned, I wish I could quote the talk there's probably Jacob Oakley if I'm being honest, is that some of these satellites can be controlled by multiple ground stations. So if you were to control of a satellite and relay to another one, you you could have access to a whole nother ground control system. Um, and That might be another nation state or another company or something, and now you kind of have a foothold in their environment. offsetkeyz: You dogespan: have to be really, really careful because you only have offsetkeyz: have dogespan: short periods of time to deliver these payloads and balance communication, and you have to stay rather stealthy, but offsetkeyz: it's dogespan: it's kind of a big thing because, yeah, you can create this backdoor into a completely different environment that you, that CISA may be secured rather well and you could cause a lot more harm. offsetkeyz: can cause a lot more harm. dogespan: can see a lot offsetkeyz: satellites can see a lot of the planet. And I mean, they can see all of it at the end of their orbit, but dogespan: is offsetkeyz: This is why you bring a friend to a cybersecurity conference, because I completely missed that. And I'm sure there's things that Doge completely missed as well. dogespan: Oh yeah. offsetkeyz: But yeah, they work so hard to secure the ground stations that communicate with the satellites and work zero hard to secure the satellites. And it's two way communication. So, compromise a satellite, compromise the ground station. dogespan: Yeah, you can easily offsetkeyz: transmit a The dogespan: you can weaponize images, you can There are lots the opportunities are there. offsetkeyz: to hack satellites. Before I say anything else, don't do it. There's a lot of eyes watching those who hack satellites because it is a critical infrastructure. it was beat into us. Don't denial of service a satellite. You'll go to jail, like literally go to jail. They fun revelation. You can listen to anything That was a fun revelation. You can, you can listen to anything coming down from a satellite. dogespan: Don't send it back. offsetkeyz: Don't send stuff back. Don't try to send commands. There are some pretty cool labs that you can do if you want to mess with satellites using virtualization, which we all love. So we'll shout out Tim Fowler for those. He gave two talks, one on Friday, one on Saturday, about building a CubeSat lab. And if you would like to mess around with a virtualized satellite, you can go to byos. ethoslabs. dogespan: bring your space offsetkeyz: and BYOS stands for bring your own satellite. dogespan: around offsetkeyz: for that great talk. And I'm excited to go play around with it in my own home lab. But if you have that itch to DDoS a fricking satellite, do it in your home lab, don't do it in real life, you will go to jail, straight to jail. to jail. So we've covered the opportunities that there are to hack satellites. And there are plenty more that we haven't discussed. Satellites are extremely hackable and barely secured. What's keeping people from hacking these satellites? dogespan: Our entire knowledge base is based off of Five to six hours worth of lectures at this point. offsetkeyz: From what I gathered, there are no real deterrents other than hypothetical legal actions. For hacking a satellite. Nation states don't care about the United States regulations. So why aren't they hacking satellites left and right? Well, First of all, everyone relies on the infrastructure that satellites provide. GPS, time, Maps, weather, all of these things are relied upon. across the world. So that's, that's step one. Step two is, if someone starts doing it to us, we're gonna start doing it to them. dogespan: to offsetkeyz: which is what keeps us out of nuclear war, so why not keep us out of space cyber war? And if we started shooting satellites down, Which is a real thing and has happened and, uh, is bad because all satellites operate in one of three orbits, like low earth orbit, high earth orbit, deep space orbit, but they're all pretty much in the same place because that's how orbit works. You have to kind of stay the same elevation to use the earth's gravitational pull to whiplash you around. And if you blow up one, all it takes is a particle of sand to damage a satellite. And. If you blow up a satellite, I believe one of the case studies from India was like 68, 000 pieces of shrapnel traveling at 22, 000 miles per hour in the orbital field of all other satellites, including the satellites of the company that blew up the one satellite. So if Russia started going crazy and blowing up United States satellites, it would, the shrapnel from those satellites would likely take out Russia's satellites. So it's not a perfect system, but it is a pretty good deterrent. There's currently no solution, or at least viable solution for space junk, which is a technical term, but as soon as anyone figures it out, they win space they can start blowing up satellites and collecting the space junk and own, they own space, right? So Currently, the lack of ability to clean up space junk is what's keeping people from blowing up satellites. it's like a mutual respect everybody's kind of in agreement that dogespan: that we rely on the technology that's up there we understand the reprocussions of destroying. The rest of them, so it is, Yeah, if we can figure out how to clean it up, then I think you're right. It wouldn't really prevent much besides some of that critical infrastructure, but there's always ways around that. offsetkeyz: If we can own space, we can drop a billion dollars into creating our own critical infrastructure and rule the world. We can destroy the current one that's up there. If, if it meant owning space, I don't think there would be an expense spared. What's interesting is all the solutions that I can come up with, which are not many, involve earth's atmosphere. And we, we think of things like air and gravity and all these things as constants that don't exist out in space. Space. Like what, why don't we have weaponized satellites that just kind of push satellites out of orbit towards earth that burn up? There's no space junk from satellites that burn up in the atmosphere. Why don't we do that? Because there's no way to send like a pulse. There's no way to send a burst of air to push this satellite. It's very hard to even propel yourself through space because the most common ways of propulsion include oxygen, fans, combustion. dogespan: There's offsetkeyz: lot of things that stand in the way that I don't understand. Right. dogespan: pushed by some form of propulsion for redirecting all of the satellite debris into orbit. Much like the snow gets redirected to the end of your driveway and then you're stuck with a giant pile at the end of your driveway that you can't get out. offsetkeyz: We are stuck with a pile, and we can't get out, but we have no plow. but we Huge shoutout to the coordinators of HackspaceCon and dogespan: Everybody that came out, all the supporters, attendees the brave souls that got up in front and talked about what they know offsetkeyz: out the industry. Especially dogespan: it helps out the industry. Especially with space, they had mentioned that Hackspace happened last year and there was one or two talks. offsetkeyz: What? It dogespan: It was a very small number. offsetkeyz: number. dogespan: And this year it was all day long. . And so that's, that means that there's more people involved with it or heading that direction and willing to learn more about it. And I'm going to be honest, I'm one of those. I'm. Was very interested to learn more about what can be done and what opportunities are there. So really huge shoutout to everybody involved with the conference this weekend. offsetkeyz: thanks sharing your knowledge thanks for pivoting over to this field And trying to keep our critical infrastructure at least a little bit safe. If you did happen to pick up one of the stickers that I littered the conference with, thank you for picking that up and we'd love to hear from you. Reach out. We'd love to have you on the podcast. Y'all are very smart and any words you'd be willing to share with us would be greatly appreciated. you're if you're just a cybersecurity professional out there with no knowledge of space or the attack vectors that are involved in hacking satellites, highly encourage you to check out next year's conference. It's going to be good Check out our other episodes: https://thedailydecrypt.com/podcast/
The same clouds that create halos around the Moon also have a huge impact on Earth's climate.
On today's stellar episode of Astronomy Daily - The Podcast, we cast our gaze skyward to marvel at the latest breakthroughs in space exploration and technology. We kick off with NASA's revolutionary solar sail system, set to glide on sunlight from New Zealand's shores, heralding a new age of propellant-free space travel. We'll then rocket to Russia's ambitious Angara A-5M project, a powerhouse launcher designed to thrust the nation's space dreams into orbit. The episode then orbits back to the ISS, where NASA's NICER Telescope awaits a critical spacewalk repair to continue its quest in unraveling the mysteries of neutron stars and black holes. As China's Shenzhou 18 mission readies for liftoff, we discuss its significance in humanity's orbital aspirations. Finally, we'll peer through the perfectly tuned optics of the Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope, inching closer to capturing the cosmos's grand spectacles, and wrap up with Boom Supersonic's XB-1, as it prepares to redefine the skies with FAA-approved test flights. Prepare for a journey that transcends the bounds of Earth and reaches into the very fabric of the universe.---**Featured Topics:**1. **NASA's Solar Sail System:** The Advanced Composite Solar Sail System set to demonstrate the practicality of solar propulsion beyond the ISS.2. **Russia's Angara A-5M Rocket:** A deep dive into Roscosmos' plans for this advanced rocket, set to redefine Russian space travel.3. **NICER Telescope Repair Mission:** A look at the upcoming spacewalk that aims to fix a light leak affecting X-ray observations on the ISS.4. **China's Shenzhou 18 Mission:** Anticipating the next crewed adventure to the Tiangong space station and its implications for long-term space habitation.5. **Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope:** Celebrating the successful optics alignment, bringing us closer to exploring dark energy and distant galaxies.6. **Boom Supersonic's XB-1:** The FAA's green light for supersonic test flights that could cut travel times in half and revolutionize air travel.---**Additional Information:**Continue your celestial journey with us at astronomydaily.io, where you can dive into a universe of content, from our space news feed to fascinating blog articles. Don't miss out on the latest episodes and cosmic wonders—subscribe to our free daily newsletter. For thoughts, questions, or a shared passion for the stars, leave us a message, and follow us on X (@AstroDailypod) for real-time updates. Navigate the constellations of online security with our sponsor Nordpass; find all the details on our website. Your support propels us through the cosmos—until next time, this is Charlie, reminding you to keep looking up.---**Host Sign-off:** Charlie: As we conclude today's cosmic voyage, I'm Charlie, thanking you for joining us on Astronomy Daily - The Podcast. Remember, the universe is brimming with wonders just waiting to be discovered. So keep your eyes on the skies and join us again as we decode the marvels of the night. Visit astronomydaily.io for more, and until our next stellar encounter, goodbye and may your curiosity be as boundless as the universe!Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/astronomy-daily-the-podcast--5648921/support.
Stephen Matier is the President and CEO of Maritime Launch Services. He is also the visionary behind Spaceport Nova Scotia, a world-class commercial space complex that will launch Canada into the global space industry. Steve and his team at Maritime Launch will carry the next set of stories about space INTO space later this summer (Mission 03, currently open for story submissions) through the STORIES of Space non-profit organization. Today on the podcast, Steve explains how space exploration was always in his background AND backyard! Steve started as a mechanical engineer (Bachelor of Science, University of New Mexico) and worked at NASA's White Sands Test Facility. At Maritime Launch, Matier leads coordination and approval among provincial, federal, and international governing bodies, securing private financing, leading satellite sales, coordinating launch vehicle integration and selecting best-in-class commercial firms to support launch operations. Want to know more about Maritime Launch? https://www.maritimelaunch.com/ Want to send your own story ABOUT space INTO space this summer? Submit your story TODAY at www.storiesofspace.com Want to know more about Steve Matier? https://www.maritimelaunch.com/team As part of Steve's work with Maritime Launch, he is driving the collaboration and partnerships to support the development of a safe and environmentally sustainable commercial space launch market in Canada. With satellite and launch vehicle clients within Canada and around the globe interested in launching from Spaceport Nova Scotia, Maritime Launch is joining a global industry that will exceed one trillion dollars annually within the next 20 years. While Steve's day-to-day focus is squarely focused on developing Canada's first commercial spaceport, Matier's interest in space extends beyond the technology and the launch itself. Steve has a passion for teaching, which means he is never far from the classroom, whether guest lecturing at a local high school physics class in Canso or presenting to kids at summer programs in Antigonish. He has driven partnerships with St. Francis Xavier University and Cape Breton University and supports Dalhousie's CubeSat program. His passion for working with schools began in his early career in the Space Shuttle program, with the recognition that kids can look up into space and see opportunities for themselves on the ground. Steve is a recipient of the prestigious Silver Snoopy Award, an honor for outstanding achievements related to human flight safety or mission success.
Guests: Henry Danielson, Volunteer at AeroSpace Village [@SecureAerospace]On LinkedIn | https://www.linkedin.com/in/henry-danielson-43a61213/On Twitter | https://twitter.com/hdanielsonLiz Wharton, Founder, Silver Key Strategies [@silverkeystrat]On LinkedIn | https://www.linkedin.com/in/elizabeth-wharton/On Mastodon | https://infosec.exchange/@LawyerLizOn Twitter | https://twitter.com/LawyerLiz____________________________Hosts: Sean Martin, Co-Founder at ITSPmagazine [@ITSPmagazine] and Host of Redefining CyberSecurity Podcast [@RedefiningCyber]On ITSPmagazine | https://www.itspmagazine.com/sean-martinMarco Ciappelli, Co-Founder at ITSPmagazine [@ITSPmagazine] and Host of Redefining Society PodcastOn ITSPmagazine | https://www.itspmagazine.com/itspmagazine-podcast-radio-hosts/marco-ciappelli____________________________Episode NotesThe Aerospace Village at the RSA Conference 2024 is gearing up to be an event filled with innovation, collaboration, and excitement. In a recent episode of "Chats on the Road to RSA Conference 2024" with Sean Martin and Marco Ciappelli, the hosts digs into the details of what attendees can expect at the Aerospace Village. Let's take a closer look at the insights shared during this engaging discussion.Unveiling the Aerospace Village Experience:The podcast episode kicks off with Marco Ciappelli welcoming listeners to the conversation alongside guests Henry Danielson and Liz Wharton. The trio's palpable enthusiasm sets the stage for a deep dive into the diverse offerings of the Aerospace Village at RSA Conference 2024.Innovative Initiatives and Collaborations:Henry Danielson shares exclusive details about the Aerospace Village's collaboration with BuddhaBot to introduce a unique badge experience focused on constellations. The hands-on challenges and engaging activities promise an immersive experience for attendees, emphasizing learning through interactive participation.Exciting Activities and Exhibits:The conversation unfolds with discussions on Pentest partners' flight simulator and the AMSAT project, showcasing opportunities for visitors to explore CubeSat technology and ground control stations. The Space Grand Challenge, aimed at educating young minds in the cybersecurity realm, further highlights the village's commitment to fostering innovation and knowledge sharing.Insightful Industry Conversations:Liz Wharton sheds light on the importance of vulnerability disclosures in the aerospace industry and emphasizes the significance of building robust security practices collaboratively. The dialogue underscores the village's role in fostering critical conversations around cybersecurity, aviation, and space exploration.Community Engagement and Visionary Leadership:Hosts and Guests express their excitement for the upcoming RSA Conference and encourage attendees to join the vibrant community at the Aerospace Village. From showcasing cutting-edge technologies to facilitating thought-provoking discussions, the village promises to be a hub of inspiration and knowledge exchange.As the episode concludes, the hosts extend a warm invitation to all enthusiasts, innovators, and industry professionals to participate in the vibrant experience awaiting them at the Aerospace Village during RSA Conference 2024. The blend of education, engagement, and collaboration sets the stage for an unforgettable event that promises to shape the future of aerospace and cybersecurity industries.Stay tuned for more updates and insights as we venture into the dynamic world of Aerospace Village at RSA Conference 2024!Be sure to follow our Coverage Journey and subscribe to our podcasts!____________________________Follow our RSA Conference USA 2024 coverage: https://www.itspmagazine.com/rsa-conference-usa-2024-rsac-san-francisco-usa-cybersecurity-event-infosec-conference-coverageOn YouTube:
Guests: Henry Danielson, Volunteer at AeroSpace Village [@SecureAerospace]On LinkedIn | https://www.linkedin.com/in/henry-danielson-43a61213/On Twitter | https://twitter.com/hdanielsonLiz Wharton, Founder, Silver Key Strategies [@silverkeystrat]On LinkedIn | https://www.linkedin.com/in/elizabeth-wharton/On Mastodon | https://infosec.exchange/@LawyerLizOn Twitter | https://twitter.com/LawyerLiz____________________________Hosts: Sean Martin, Co-Founder at ITSPmagazine [@ITSPmagazine] and Host of Redefining CyberSecurity Podcast [@RedefiningCyber]On ITSPmagazine | https://www.itspmagazine.com/sean-martinMarco Ciappelli, Co-Founder at ITSPmagazine [@ITSPmagazine] and Host of Redefining Society PodcastOn ITSPmagazine | https://www.itspmagazine.com/itspmagazine-podcast-radio-hosts/marco-ciappelli____________________________Episode NotesThe Aerospace Village at the RSA Conference 2024 is gearing up to be an event filled with innovation, collaboration, and excitement. In a recent episode of "Chats on the Road to RSA Conference 2024" with Sean Martin and Marco Ciappelli, the hosts digs into the details of what attendees can expect at the Aerospace Village. Let's take a closer look at the insights shared during this engaging discussion.Unveiling the Aerospace Village Experience:The podcast episode kicks off with Marco Ciappelli welcoming listeners to the conversation alongside guests Henry Danielson and Liz Wharton. The trio's palpable enthusiasm sets the stage for a deep dive into the diverse offerings of the Aerospace Village at RSA Conference 2024.Innovative Initiatives and Collaborations:Henry Danielson shares exclusive details about the Aerospace Village's collaboration with BuddhaBot to introduce a unique badge experience focused on constellations. The hands-on challenges and engaging activities promise an immersive experience for attendees, emphasizing learning through interactive participation.Exciting Activities and Exhibits:The conversation unfolds with discussions on Pentest partners' flight simulator and the AMSAT project, showcasing opportunities for visitors to explore CubeSat technology and ground control stations. The Space Grand Challenge, aimed at educating young minds in the cybersecurity realm, further highlights the village's commitment to fostering innovation and knowledge sharing.Insightful Industry Conversations:Liz Wharton sheds light on the importance of vulnerability disclosures in the aerospace industry and emphasizes the significance of building robust security practices collaboratively. The dialogue underscores the village's role in fostering critical conversations around cybersecurity, aviation, and space exploration.Community Engagement and Visionary Leadership:Hosts and Guests express their excitement for the upcoming RSA Conference and encourage attendees to join the vibrant community at the Aerospace Village. From showcasing cutting-edge technologies to facilitating thought-provoking discussions, the village promises to be a hub of inspiration and knowledge exchange.As the episode concludes, the hosts extend a warm invitation to all enthusiasts, innovators, and industry professionals to participate in the vibrant experience awaiting them at the Aerospace Village during RSA Conference 2024. The blend of education, engagement, and collaboration sets the stage for an unforgettable event that promises to shape the future of aerospace and cybersecurity industries.Stay tuned for more updates and insights as we venture into the dynamic world of Aerospace Village at RSA Conference 2024!Be sure to follow our Coverage Journey and subscribe to our podcasts!____________________________Follow our RSA Conference USA 2024 coverage: https://www.itspmagazine.com/rsa-conference-usa-2024-rsac-san-francisco-usa-cybersecurity-event-infosec-conference-coverageOn YouTube:
Episode 61 of the Space Industry podcast is a conversation with Ian Cinnamon, CEO and Co-founder of Apex, on what it takes to continually produce reliable satellites on very short time scales.In the episode we discuss many different aspects of supply chain management and engineering that companies like Apex need to consider in order to enable truly rapid satellite development. We cover:How Apex is approaching satellite development in order to optimize for speedApproaching build vs. buy decisions in satellite engineeringHow a clear understanding of unit economics affects supply chain developmentWhether manufacturing processes optimized for standardized production can still be agile if neededYou can find out more about Apex here on the company's website: https://www.apexspace.com/And if you would like to learn more about the space industry and our work at satsearch building the global marketplace for space, please join our newsletter here: https://satsearch.com/mailing-list[Music from Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/all-good-folks/when-we-get-there License code: Y4KZEAESHXDHNYRA]
Show Notes: After graduation, Chris Ball spent his summer working in Cambridge before returning to Columbus, Ohio, where he began graduate school in physics at The Ohio State University. He worked with Professor Frank DeLuca, a world-renowned researcher in microwave spectroscopy. Chris' research focused on the microwave absorption of sulfur dioxide and its relationship to NASA's Microwave Limb Sounder instrument. Studying Interstellar Bands During his time at OSU, Chris collaborated with Professor Patrick Thaddeus from the Harvard Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, who was looking to hire for a postdoc position. Chris moved back to Cambridge and worked in a lab in Somerville. He continued to do spectroscopy, but this time focused on long chains of carbon that don't occur naturally on Earth. These chains are unstable and are routinely observed in radio telescopes and optical telescopes. Chris and Thaddeus attempted to study the diffuse interstellar bands, which were optical features observed in telescope measurements that had never been explained over many years. They used laser spectroscopy to measure these bands and try to determine if any exotic carbon chains were responsible for them. Unfortunately, none of the exotic carbon chains were found, but the experience was rewarding. The Intersection of Science and Engineering After their first child was born, Chris and his family decided to move back to Columbus, Ohio, where he was offered a position at Battelle where his career began to focus on the intersection of science and engineering, specifically on developing sensor technologies and communications technologies. He worked on defense and security applications, such as detecting chemical and biological weapons, explosives, and narcotics. He also worked on pollution monitoring systems and handheld sensor technologies. Around 2015, Chris became disenchanted with Batel's strategic direction and started looking for alternatives. He found a similar job at Ohio State University's ElectroScience Laboratory, which focused on radar and communication systems. He left Batel, which coincided with his marriage falling apart. He moved offices, moved to an apartment, and started a consulting business. Working on the CubeSat Satellite at NASA Chris continued to focus on sensor and communication systems development. He was involved in a NASA program that built a CubeSat satellite, which was launched in 2018 from Wallops Island, Virginia, on a resupply mission to the International Space Station. The satellite went into orbit in July 2018. Chris discusses his exciting work in space, including developing sensors to detect toxic gasses and developing handheld infrared sensors for food and agricultural products. He is also working on an x-ray communication system, which uses X-rays as a carrier for wireless communications in space. In parallel with his work, he has a consulting company and has also discovered the joy of improv comedy, which he has been practicing for several months and now is part of an improv group called The Bunsen Burnouts. Interstellar Clouds and Molecules The discussion turns to interstellar clouds, and Chris explains what they are. There are many fundamental studies about the dynamics of molecules inside interstellar clouds and how they exist and might turn into stars in some regions. He also touches on the rotation of molecules, which is a fundamental discovery of quantum mechanics, and explains that, the transitions between rotational states in molecules are typically in the infrared part of the spectrum, while electronic transitions occur in the visible and ultraviolet part. However, molecules can also have bound atoms rotating, with quantized angular momentum and transitions corresponding to microwave frequencies. X ray Communications Research Chris talks about one of the projects he is proud of, X rays and the concept of wireless communications, which involve modulating a carrier frequency to transmit information. He explains that the idea of using X rays as a carrier and modulating them in some way came from discussions with NASA. NASA had a problem communicating with spacecraft during blackout periods when they enter the Earth's atmosphere. They developed a small X ray source that can be switched on and off quickly, allowing for about a gigahertz of bandwidth. This is better than current spaceborne optical systems, which can only transmit about a gigabyte of information per second. The team licensed this technology from NASA and applied its principles to X rays. X rays have significantly smaller wavelengths than optical systems, so they can propagate them much farther than optical systems. This could be advantageous for high data rate systems that can talk to Mars, as it would allow for interplanetary communication. Chris goes on to explain their process of research, feasibility of concepts, and demonstrating applicability. Detecting Drugs and Toxic Chemicals Chris has developed detectors for detecting drugs and toxic chemicals at extremely low concentrations and explains how these work. These detectors use microwave spectroscopy principles to measure gasses like formaldehyde in a low-pressure environment. The spectroscopic lines, which are sharp Gaussian distributions, are used to distinguish different gasses from each other and uniquely identify them. They achieve high sensitivity by making the lines taller and larger, and can be used in multipass configurations where the microwave beam passes through multiple times. This allows you to discriminate different gasses from each other and uniquely identify them like a fingerprint. Chris talks about a collaboration with his PhD advisor at Ohio State that led to the development of a mission adaptable chemical sensor funded by the Department of Defense. This sensor sucked in air and measured hundreds of different chemicals apart in a relatively short time. However, the technology is expensive due to the millimeter wave frequencies used in the microwave part of the system. The best available technologies cost around $60,000 for a transmitter and $50,000 for a receiver. This means that a $100,000 instrument is needed to buy the transmitter and receiver, along with all the electronics and pumps. Influential Harvard Professors and Courses Chris discusses their experiences at Harvard, focusing on the core curriculum courses and expository writing as the most valuable course he took. His advisor encouraged him to write a NASA fellowship proposal, which was well-written due to their expository writing skills. This experience has made him more valuable in various jobs, including red team reviews and proposal reviews for NASA and other funding agencies. He also shares their experiences with math 22 and physics courses, and he mentions working at the high energy physics lab during their junior year and senior year, which was a valuable experience as they helped build a prototype muon detector system and perform measurements. Chris took advantage of opportunities to get involved with research while at Harvard, working at the high energy physics lab during the summer before his junior year and after his senior year. This experience allowed him to learn a lot about the science of expository writing and how to write effectively in academic settings. Timestamps: 01:03 Career path after Harvard graduation with a focus on physics research 06:04 Career progression from postdoc to industry to academia 10:39 Career changes, space research, and improv comedy 18:58 Interstellar clouds and molecular rotation 22:57 Wireless communication technologies and innovations 27:02 Using X-rays for high-speed communication in space 33:39 Developing infrared detectors for space applications with a focus on sensitivity and accuracy 39:16 Chemical sensing technology and its applications 45:36 Writing tips and research experiences at Harvard Links: ElectroScience Laboratory: https://electroscience.osu.edu/ Page at OSU: https://electroscience.osu.edu/people/ball.51 Email address: ballc92@gmail.com
Episode 57 of the Space Industry podcast by satsearch is a conversation with Adrien Saada, Operations Officer of the Space Sustainability Rating (SSR), based in Switzerland.In the episode we discuss the progress that has been made in the industry to make space a safer and more sustainable operating environment - as well as all of the work still to do. In particular we cover:The current state of play with regards to space debris mitigationThoughts on active debris removalHow the Space Sustainability Rating (SSR) works and how it was developedExpectations on the evolution of debris mitigation and prevention initiatives in the futureYou can find out more about the Space Sustainability Rating (SSR) here on the organization's website: https://spacesustainabilityrating.org/Interested in finding out more about the rating? Feel free to contact the SSR team at contact@ssr.spaceAnd if you would like to learn more about the space industry and our work at satsearch building the global marketplace for space, please join our newsletter.[Music from Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/all-good-folks/when-we-get-there License code: Y4KZEAESHXDHNYRA]
Have you ever seen a halo around the Moon? Exactly how those halos form remains a topic of research around the world.
NASA's Starling CubeSats are proving they are capable of autonomous cooperation with little human assistance.
In this episode, we join Martin Butler M1MRB, Chris Howard (M0TCH), Martin Rothwell (M0SGL), Frank Howell (K4FMH), Bill Barnes (WC3B) Ed Durrant DD5LP and Leslie Butterfields (G0CIB) to discuss the latest Amateur / Ham Radio news. Colin Butler (M6BOY) rounds up the news in brief and the episode's feature is New Year Ham Radio Hints and Tips. We would like to thank an our monthly and annual subscription donors for keeping the podcast advert free. To donate, please visit - http://www.icqpodcast.com/donate Assistance Requested With CubeSat History Project Mobile Stations to Expand Frequency use Worldwide Student Project Provides New Satellite for India Society of Broadcast Engineers Celebrates 60 Years Teenage Amateur Radio Operators Featured Network TV HamSCI 2024 Workshop M0PLA achieves Mountain Goat award
Spacecraft orbiting our Moon need to stay in orbit, but orbits around the Moon are extremely unstable.
Today we meet with Catie Spivey, a Mechanical Engineer and graduate of Portland State University. Catie was the lead on PSU's first CubeSat which launched in 2022. During her senior capstone project, she worked on a prototype liquid fueled rocket airframe and found she really enjoyed that subject area. She then finished a Masters of Engineering at Portland State in a single year and was selected as a prestigious Brooke Owens Fellow at United Launch Alliance. She currently works at the Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory. And of course there is a Kevin Simmons inspiration that I am sure he will share with us. Stay tuned after for the takeaways. --- Support this podcast: https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/shawna-christenson2/support
Plants by nature are designed to interact with light. Satellites can measure the light reflected by plants to detect grapevine diseases before they are visible to the human eye. Katie Gold, Assistant Professor of Grape Pathology, Susan Eckert Lynch Faculty Fellow, School of Integrative Plant Science Plant Pathology and Plant-Microbe Biology Section of Cornell AgriTech is trailblazing remote disease detection with imaging spectroscopy also known as hyperspectral imaging. Imaging spectroscopy was developed by NASA to tell us what Mars was made out of. By turning satellites back on Earth, Katie and a team of scientists are learning how to use the light reflected back to manage grapevine viral and foliar diseases. Listen in to the end to get Katie's number one piece of advice on the importance of data management. Resources: Alyssa K. Whitcraft, University of Maryland Disease Triangle of Plant Pathology Gold Lab Katie Gold, Cornell University Katie Gold - Twitter NASA AVIRIS (Airborne Visible and InfraRed Imaging Spectrometer) NASA Acres - applying satellite data solutions to the most pressing challenges facing U.S. agriculture NASA Emit Satellite NASA JPL (Jet Propulsion Laboratory) Planet Labs References: Vineyard Team Programs: Juan Nevarez Memorial Scholarship - Donate SIP Certified – Show your care for the people and planet Sustainable Ag Expo – The premiere winegrowing event of the year - $50 OFF with code PODCAST23 Sustainable Winegrowing On-Demand (Western SARE) – Learn at your own pace Vineyard Team – Become a Member Get More Subscribe wherever you listen so you never miss an episode on the latest science and research with the Sustainable Winegrowing Podcast. Since 1994, Vineyard Team has been your resource for workshops and field demonstrations, research, and events dedicated to the stewardship of our natural resources. Learn more at www.vineyardteam.org. Transcript Craig Macmillan 0:00 With us today is Katie Gold, Assistant Professor of Grape Pathology at Cornell AgraTech campus of the Cornell University. Thanks for being on the show. Katie Gold 0:08 Well, thanks for having me. Craig Macmillan 0:09 Today, we're going to talk about some really cool technology. I've been interested in it for a long time, and I can't wait to get an update on what all is happening. There's some really exciting work being done on using remote sensing for the detection of plant diseases. Can you tell us a little bit about what that research is about what's going on in that field? Katie Gold 0:25 Sure, what isn't going on in this field, it's a really exciting time to be here. So I guess to put into context, we're really at this precipice of an unprecedented era of agricultural monitoring. And this comes from the intersection of you know, hardware becoming accessible, the data analytics becoming accessible, but also investment, you know, a lot of talk of ag tech being the next big thing. And with that comes this interest in using these cool and novel data streams for disease detection. So my group specializes in plant disease sensing, it's our bread and butter to what we entirely focus on. And we specialize in a technology called imaging spectroscopy for disease detection. So this is also known as hyperspectral imaging. Imaging spectroscopy is the technical term. And this is a type of remote sensing that it differs from, you know, radio wave remote sensing, and it focuses on light in the visible to shortwave infrared range. Craig Macmillan 1:13 Talk a little bit more about that. So when we talk about hyperspectral, we're looking outside of the range of radiation, essentially, that's not just light. Katie Gold 1:24 So yes, and no. So hyperspectral is a word that describes how the light is being measured, kind of colloquially, we assigned to it more meaning that it actually has. That's why I often like to differentiate between it for explanation sake, what hyperspectral imaging is, when we talk about using it in the full vSphere range, these are all types of light, you know, it's all aspects of the electromagnetic radiation scale. But this spectrum of light that ranges from the visible to the shortwave infrared, this spans a range of about 2100 wavelengths. So to put that into context, we see visible light only. And this spans a range of wavelengths, that's about 300 nanometers, and went from about 450 to 750. So if you think about all the richness of radiation, the subtlety in differences in color that you see in everyday light, all of that comes from those subtle interactions of, you know, specific wavelengths of light hitting that stuff and bouncing back into our eye. So now imagine having seven times more wavelengths than that, you know, we have 2100, different wavelengths that we measure. And those wavelengths that are beyond the range that we can see the reason why we don't see them as they're less abundant, they're less emitted by our sun, but they're still present, and they still interact with the world. In particular, they interact very strongly with chemistry, such as environmental chemistry. So imaging spectroscopy was developed by NASA to tell us what Mars was made out of, then one day, they're like, let's turn this baby around and pointed at the Earth. And we discovered that it's quite applicable for vegetative spectroscopy. So telling us what vegetation is made of what the composition of the Earth is. And because plant disease impacts chemistry, so dramatically, plant physiology, chemistry, morphology, such a dramatic chaotic impact. It's a really excellent technology to use for early detection. So those subtle little changes that occur within a plant before it becomes diseased to the human eye, but it's undergoing that process of disease. Craig Macmillan 3:12 Can you expand on that point? Exactly how does this work in terms of the changes in the plant that are being picked up by viewing certain wavelengths? What's the connection there? Katie Gold 3:23 Consider the leaf, right. So plants are an amazing thing to remotely sense because they're designed by nature to interact with light. Now that's in contrast to skin right that's designed to keep light out plants are designed to have light go in and out, etcetera. So light will enter our atmosphere from the sun, and it will do one of three things when it encounters a plant, it'll be reflected back, it will be absorbed for photosynthesis, or it will be transmitted through the plant. And the wealth of that light is actually reflected back. And that reflected light can be detected by something as distantly placed as a satellite in orbit. And how that light is reflecting off a plant is determined by the health status of a plant. So a healthy leaf, right? It's going to be photosynthesizing. This means that it's going to be absorbing red and blue light for photosynthesis, it's going to have a lot of chlorophyll, it's going to be nice, bright and green, it's going to reflect back a lot of green light. And then it's going to reflect back near infrared light, because that is the sort of light that corresponds really well to the cellular structure of a leaf, right, so a nice healthy leaf is going to bounce back near infrared light. Now an unhealthy plant, it's not going to be photosynthesizing properly. So it's going to be absorbing less red and blue light. Therefore, it will be reflecting more of that red light back, it's not going to have a lot of chlorophyll. So it's going to reflect back less green light, and it's not as healthy. It's not as robust, so it will reflect back less near infrared light. So by looking at those subtle differences, and this is where we get back to that idea of hyperspectral. Right. hyperspectral is a word about how a sensor is measuring light. And hyperspectral means that a sensor is measuring light at such narrow intervals, that it's a near continuous data product. And this is in contrast to a multispectral sensor something Like NDVI that measures light in big chunks. The power is when you have continuous data, right? You could do more complex analyses you just have more to work with. And when you have discrete data, this is what makes hyperspectral sensors more powerful. It's how they're measuring the light, and often, that they're measuring more light that our eyes can see. But that's not necessarily a given hyperspectral sensors do not need to measure beyond the visible range, they can solely be focused on the visual visible range. Because once again, hyperspectral is a word about how the light is being measured. But we oftentimes kind of colloquially, so assign more value to it. But let's take that in combination, right. So you have a hyperspectral sensor that's measuring light and very, very narrow intervals near continuous data product, you're measuring seven times more wavelengths than the eye can see, combined together. That's how this works, right? So those subtle differences and those wavebands how they're reflecting both direct interactions with plant chemistry, you know, some certain wavelengths of light will hit nitrogen bonds go wackadoo and bounce back, all crazy. Otherwise, we're making indirect inferences, right, you know, plant disease as a chaotic impact of plant health that impacts lots of areas of the spectrum. So we're not directly measuring the chemical impact, right? We're not saying okay, well, nitrogen is down two sugars are up three starch XYZ, we're measuring that indirect impact. Craig Macmillan 6:19 That's pretty amazing. And so... Katie Gold 6:21 I think it's cool, right? Yeah. Craig Macmillan 6:24 The idea here is that there are changes in the leaf that can be picked up and these other wave lengths that we wouldn't see until it's too late. Katie Gold 6:34 Exactly. Craig Macmillan 6:35 Okay. So it's a warning sign. That gives us a chance to change management. Katie Gold 6:40 Ideally, so. Right, so it depends on with the scale at which you're operating. So now here comes another level, right. So if you're considering just that one individual plant, it's different from when you're considering the whole scale of a vineyard, right, you want your sensing to be right size to the intervention that you're going to take. So my group works with two types of diseases primarily, we work with grape vine viral diseases, as well as grape vine foliar diseases, for example, a grape vine downy mildew, which is an Erysiphe caused by a Erysiphe pathogen, and grapevine powdery mildew, which is caused by a fungal pathogen. Now the sort of intervention that you would take for those two diseases is very different, right? With a viral disease, the only treatment that you have is removal, there's no cure for being infected with the virus. Now, with a fungal pathogen or an Erysiphe pathogen like grape downy mildew. If you detect that early, there are fungicides you can use with kickback action. Or otherwise, you might change the sort of what sort of choice you might make a fungicide right. If you know there's an actual risk in this location, you might put your most heavy hitting fungicides there than in areas where there is no disease detected, or the risk is incredibly low, you might feel more comfortable relying on a biological, thereby reducing the impact. So given the sort of intervention, you would take, we want to right size, our sensing approach for it. So with grapevine viral diseases, when the intervention is so has such a vast financial impact, right removal, we want to be incredibly sure of our data. So we focused on high spectral resolution data products for that ones, where we have lots of wavelengths being measured with the most precise accuracy so that we can have high confidence in that result, right? We want to give that to someone and say, Hey, we are very confident this is undergoing asymptomatic infection. Now, on the other hand, with these foliar diseases, they change at such a rapid timescale that you're more benefited by having an early warning that may be less accurate, right? So you're saying, hey, this area of your vineyard is undergoing rapid change it might be due to disease might be because your kid drove a golf cart through the vineyard, however, we're warning you regardless, to send someone out there and take a look and make a decision as to what you might do. Ideally, we would have a high spectral resolution regardless, right? Because more spectrum or better, but the realities of the physics and the actual logistics of doing the sensing is that we don't get to do that we have to do a trade off with spectral spatial and temporal resolution. So if we want rapid return, high degrees of monitoring, and we want that high spatial resolution suitable for a vineyard, we lose our spectral resolution, so we lose our confidence in that result. But our hope is that by saying, Hey, this is a high area of change, and giving you that information very quickly, you can still make an intervention that will be yield successful response, right? You'll go out there and you're like, Oh, yep, that's downy mildew. Otherwise, like, I'm going to take my kid keys like he's out here, my vineyard again. Right? So it's, it's kind of work balancing, right. So we have the logistics of the real world to contend with in terms of using sensing to make to inform management intervention. Craig Macmillan 9:36 This technology can be used or applied at a variety of distances if I understand everything from proximal like driving through a vineyard to satellite. Katie Gold 9:48 Oh, yeah. And we've worked with everything. Craig Macmillan 9:50 Yeah, yeah. And everything in between. I mean, could you fly over is a lot of companies that do NDVIs with flyover. Katie Gold 9:55 You can use robots like we do. We can use robots, there's all kinds of things we can do. Or what is a what is NDVI for the audience, even though that's not what we're talking about. You and I keep using it. So NDVI stands for Normalized Difference vegetative index. It's a normalized difference between near infrared light reflecting and red light. And it is probably the most accurate measurement we have of how green something is. And it's quite a powerful tool. As you you know, we've been using NDVI for well over 50 years to measure how green the earth is from space. That's powerful. But the power of NDVI is also its downside. And that because it is so effective at telling you how green something is, it cannot tell you why something is green. Or it cannot tell you why something is not green, it's going to pick up on a whole range of subtle things that impact plant health. Craig Macmillan 10:40 And whereas the kind of work that you're doing differs from that in that it's looking at different frequencies, and a higher resolution of frequencies. Katie Gold 10:51 Exactly. So for the most part, we do use NDVI. But we use it more as a stepping stone, a filtering step rather than the kind of end all be all. Additionally to we use an index that's a cousin to NDVI called EDI, that is adjusted for blue light reflectance, which is very helpful in the vineyard because it helps you deal with the shadow effects. Given the trellising system Iin the vineyard. But yes, exactly. We, for the most part are looking at more narrow intervals of light than NDVI and ranges beyond what NDVI is measuring. Craig Macmillan 11:22 What's the resolution from space? Katie Gold 11:24 That's a great question. Craig Macmillan 11:25 What's the pixel size? Katie Gold 11:27 One of the commercial satellite products we work with has half a meter resolution from space. Craig Macmillan 11:32 Wow. Katie Gold 11:33 Yeah, 50 centimeters, which is amazing. Yeah, that was exactly my reaction. When I heard about it, it was like I didn't get my hands on this. But as I mentioned before, right, you know, if that resolution, we trade off the spectral resolution. So actually, that imagery only has four bands, that effectively is quite similar to an NDVI sensor, that we do have a little more flexibility, we can calculate different indices with it. So we use that data product, 50 centimeters, we use three meter data products from commercial sources. And then we're also looking towards the future, a lot of my lab is funded by NASA, in support of a future satellite that's going to be launched at the end of the decade, called surface biology and geology. And this is going to put a full range Hyperspectral Imager into space that will yield global coverage for the first time. So this satellite will have 30 meter resolution. And it will have that amazing spectral resolution about 10 day return. And that 30 meter spatial size. So again, kind of mixing and matching, you don't get to optimize all three resolutions at once. Unfortunately, maybe sometime in my career, I'll get to the point where I get to optimize exactly what I want, but I'm not there yet. Craig Macmillan 12:41 And I hadn't thought about that. So there's also a there's a time lag between when the data comes in and when it can be used. Katie Gold 12:48 Yes. Craig Macmillan 12:48 What are those lags like? Katie Gold 12:50 It depends. So with some of the NASA data that we work with, it can be quite lagged, because it's not designed for rapid response. It's designed for research grade, right? So it's assuming that you have time, and it's going through a processing stage, it's going through corrections, etc. And this process is not designed to be rapid, because it's not for rapid response. Otherwise, sometimes when we're working with commercial imagery that can be available. If we task it, it can be available to us within 24 hours. So that's if I say, Hey, make me an acquisition. And they do and then within 24 hours, I get my imagery in hand. Otherwise to there's a there's delays up to seven days. But for the most part, you can access commercial satellite imagery of a scene of your choosing, generally within 24 hours of about three meter resolution to half a meter resolution. That is if you're willing to pay not available from the space agencies. Craig Macmillan 13:42 I want to go back to that space agency thing first or in a second. What talk to me about satellite, we've got all kinds of satellites flying around out there. Oh, we do. All kinds of who's doing what and where and how and what are they? And how long are they up there. And... Katie Gold 13:58 Well, I'll talk a little bit about the satellites that my program is most obsessed with. We'll call it that. I'll first start with the commercial satellite imagery that we use. This comes from Planet Labs. They're a commercial provider, they're quite committed to supporting research usages, but we've been using their data for three years now. Both they're tasked imagery, which is half a meter resolution, as well as their planet scope data, which is three meter resolution. And we've been looking at this for grapevine downy mildew. Planet Labs, their whole thing is that they have constellation architecture of cube sets. So one of the reasons why satellites are the big thing right now they are what everyone's talking about, is because we're at this point of accessibility to satellite data that's facilitated by these advances in hardware design. So one the design of satellites you know, we now have little satellites called CubeSats that are the size of footballs maybe a little bit bigger. Craig Macmillan 14:48 Oh, really? Katie Gold 14:48 Yeah, yeah, they're cool. They're cute. You can actually like kids science fair projects can design a CubeSat now, fancy kid school projects, at least not not where I was. As well as constellation architecture. So this is instead of having one big satellite, the size of a bus, you have something like 10, CubeSat, that are all talking to each other and working together to generate your imagery. So that's how you're able to have far more rapid returns, instead of one thing circling around the planet, you have 10 of them circling a little bit off. So you're able to get imagery far more frequently at higher spatial resolution. And this is now you know, trickled down to agriculture. Of course, you know, what did the Department of Defense have X years ago, they've, I'm excited to see what will finally be declassified eventually, right. But this is why satellite imagery is such a heyday. But anyway, that's, that's the whole Planet Labs stick, they use CubeSats and constellation design. And that's how they're able to offer such high spatial resolution imagery. Craig Macmillan 15:44 Just real quick, I want to try understand this, you have x units, and they're spaced apart from each other in their orbit. Katie Gold 15:52 That's my understanding. So remember, I'm the plant pathologist here I just usethis stuff. So that's my understanding is that the physicists, you know, and NASA speak, they classify us into three categories. They've got applications, like myself, I use data for something, you have algorithms, which is like I study how to make satellite, talk to the world, right, like, make useful data out of satellite. And then there's hardware people, right, they design the satellite, that's their whole life. And I'm on the other side of the pipeline. So this is my understanding of how this works. But yes, they have slightly different orbits, but they talk to each other very, very like intimately so that the data products are unified. Craig Macmillan 16:33 Got it. But there's also other satellites that you're getting information from data from. Katie Gold 16:37 Yes, yeah. So now kind of going on to the other side of things. So Planet Labs has lesser spectral resolution, they have four to eight, maybe 10 bands is the most that you can get from them. We're looking towards NASA surface biology and geology data. And we use NASA's Avaris instrument suite, the family suite, that includes next generation, as well as brand new Avaris three, and this stands for the Airborne, Visible and Infrared Imaging Spectrometer. Now, this is an aircraft mounted device, but this is the sort of sensor that we'll be going into space. Additionally, we're just starting to play around with data from the new NASA satellite called Emit. Emit is an imaging spectrometer that was initially designed to study dust emission. So like, tell us what the dust is made out of where it's coming from. But they've opened up the mask to allow its collection over other areas. And Emit has outstanding spectral resolution, and about 60 meter spatial resolution. It's based on the International Space. Craig Macmillan 17:32 Station. It's located on the International Space Station? Katie Gold 17:36 Yes, yeah. And that actually impacts how its imagery is collected. So if you take a look at a map of Emit collections, there are these stripes across the world. And that's because it's on the ISS. So it only collects imagery wherever the ISS goes. And that's a little bit different from this idea of constellation architecture, have these free living satellites floating through orbit and talking to each other. Craig Macmillan 17:56 Are there other things like Landsat 7, Landsat 8? Katie Gold 18:02 Oh, we're on Landsat 9 , baby! Craig Macmillan 18:04 Oh, we're on Landsat 9 now. Cool. Katie Gold 18:05 Yeah. Yeah, Landsat 9 was successfully launched. I'm really excited about its data. Craig Macmillan 18:10 And it's coming in? Katie Gold 18:11 Just to my understanding, yes, so we don't use Landsat and Sentinel data as much otherwise, our focus is on that spectral resolution, but Landsat 9 and its its partner from the European Space Agency's Sentinel 2, they're truly the workhorses of the agricultural monitoring industry. Without those two satellites, we would be in a very different place in this world. Craig Macmillan 18:32 Right, exactly. Now, you said that your work is funded partially or all by NASA? Katie Gold 18:37 Yes, partially. Craig Macmillan 18:38 So partially, so what is the relationship there? Katie Gold 18:40 So before I started with Cornell, I was hired by Cornell while I was still a graduate student, and as part of their support for my early career development, they sponsored a short postdoc for me a fellowship, they called it I got to stay with a faculty fellow feel better about myself at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, where my graduate co advisor Phil Townsend had a relationship with so I spent nine months fully immersed in JPL. People think of JPL is like, you know, the rocket launchers, which they are, but they also study, you know, like some of those phase out and go out into the world. But some of the things they launched turn around and study the Earth, and they had the carbon and ecosystem cycling group there. So I was able to work with them, as well as the imaging spectroscopy group for nine months. And it completely changed my entire life just opened up the world to me about what was possible with NASA data, what was coming for potential use of NASA data. And it really changed the trajectory of my career. So I made connections, made friends got my first graduate student from JPL, that have truly defined my career path. So I work very closely with NASA, originating from that relationship, as well as I'm the pest and disease risk mitigation lead for the newly established domestic agriculture consortium called NASA Acres. So this is NASA's most recent investment in supporting domestic agriculture. Through this consortium we're funded to continue some of our research myself and my good colleague, Yu Jiang who's an engineer who builds me my robots. It's confounding our work continuously, as well as giving us the opportunity to try to expand our approach to other domains through interactions, one on one, collaborations with other researchers and importantly work with stakeholders. And this consortium, the Acres consortium is led by my colleague, Dr. Alyssa Woodcraft, based at the University of Maryland. Craig Macmillan 20:20 Going back to some of the things that you mentioned earlier, and I think I just didn't ask the question at the time, how often does the satellite travel over any particular point on Earth? Katie Gold 20:32 So it depends on the type of satellite design. Is it the big one satellite sort of design? Or is it constellation? Or the ISS, right? Like they think the ISS orbits every 90 minutes, something like that? So it really depends, but their satellites crossing us overhead every moment. I think at night, if you ever look up into the night sky, and you see a consistent light, just traveling across the world, not blinking. That's a satellite going overhead. Craig Macmillan 20:59 Wow, that's amazing. Actually, are there applications for this technology on other crops? Katie Gold 21:04 Oh, certainly. So yeah. Oh, absolutely. So the use of this technology for understanding vegetative chemistry was really trailblaze by the terrestrial ecologist, in particular, the forest ecologist because it's a, you know, it's how you study things at scale, unlike the vineyards would have nice paths between them for researchers like myself, and you know, us all to walk between forests are incredibly difficult to navigate, especially the ones in more remote locations. So for the past two decades, it really spear spearheaded and trailblaze this use, and then I work with vineyards for the most part, I'm a grape pathologist, I was hired to support the grape industry, they saw the research I was doing, they said, great, keep doing it in garpes. So I'm a reformed potato and vegetable pathologist, I like to say, but there's no reason at all why the work I'm doing isn't applicable to other crops. I just happened to be doing it in grape, and I happen to really adore working with the wine and grape industry. Craig Macmillan 21:54 Yeah, yeah, absolutely. That, it totally makes sense. How is this translating are going to translate for growers into grower practices? Katie Gold 22:02 That's a great question. So the idea is that by trailblazing these functionalities, eventually, we'll be able to partner with commercial industry to bring this to growers, right. We want these this utility to be adopted for management intervention. But there's only so much one academic lab alone can do and the my role in the world is to trailblaze the use cases and then to partner with private industry to bring it to the people at scale. But the hope is that, you know, I want every venue manager to be looking at aerial images of their vineyards. Every day, right? I have a vision of interactive dashboards, maps of informed risk. One day, I want to have live risk maps informed by remote sensing. And I want every vineyard manager to be as familiar with their aerial view of their vines as they are with that side view of their vines. Right. And I think we're getting there sooner than you realize we're really at the precipice of this unprecedented era of monitoring or monitoring ability, right? And I'm really excited about what it will hold for management. Craig Macmillan 23:02 And so you must have cooperators I'm guessing. Katie Gold 23:05 Oh, I do. Yes. I've wonderful cooperators. Craig Macmillan 23:08 At this stage. It sounds like we're still kind of in a beta stage. Katie Gold 23:13 Oh, yes, very much in the beta stage. Craig Macmillan 23:15 So I'm guessing that you're looking at imagery and spotting areas that would suggest that there's some kind of a pathology problem, and then you're going on ground truthing it? Katie Gold 23:27 So yes, and no, it's more of a testbed sort of case study. We have nine acres of pathology vineyards here at Cornell, Agrotech, and Geneva, New York. And then we do partner with cooperators. We have wonderful cooperators based out in California, as well as here in New York. But those are for more on testbed sort of thing. So we're not just monitoring vineyards, and like watching them and say, Ooh, the spot appears here. We're doing more of a case studies where we intentionally go out and ground truth, then build those links between the imagery because we're not quite there yet, in terms of having this whole thing automated, we're still building those algorithms building that functionality. Now we've established proof of concept. You know, we know this works. So we're working on the proof of practicality, right? Building robust pipelines, ones that are that are resilient to varying environmental geographic conditions, right, different crop varieties resilient to confounding abiotic stress, that one drives us nuts. So that's the stage that we're at, but our collaborators and our industry stakeholders who partner with us. Without them the sort of work I do just simply would not be possible. And I'm extremely grateful for their part. Craig Macmillan 24:29 So what, what is next, what's next in the world of Katie Gold and in the world of hyperspectral plant pathology? Katie Gold 24:34 What's next for me is in a week, I'm boarding an airplane to go to Europe for a jaunt. I'm giving two international keynotes at plant pathology conferences about methods but what I really see as next for me is I really want to see the tools that technologies the approach that my group is using, percolate through the domain of plant pathology. We're such a small discipline, there's only about 2000 of us Around the world, in plant pathology, and you know, there's not even 10, great pathologist in this country, I can name every single one of them if you wanted me to. And I think I've got their number and my phone, really, I strongly believe we're at the precipice of such an exciting era in plant pathology, due to the availability of these imagery, these data streams, just simply an unprecedented era. And it will be a paradigm shift in how we ask and answer questions about Plant Pathology, because for the first time, we have accessible, accurate imagery that we can use to study plant disease at the scale at which it occurs in the field in real time. So I want to see these ideas percolate through the skill sets adopted, taken up and embraced and it we're seeing that start, you know, we're seeing that start, there's really excitement in plant pathology, about the use of remote sensing about GIS and that skill set in its value to our discipline. But I'd really like to see that expand. I think I am the first ever plant pathologist to receive funding from NASA Earth Science Division. When I started at JPL, they would introduce me as a disease ecologist, because no one had ever heard of plant pathology. And my wonderful colleague at JPL, Brian Pavlik, who's a JPL technologist, when we started working together, he had never once been into a vineyard. He didn't know about Plant Pathology, he was the one that called me a disease ecologist. And recently, I heard him explain the disease triangle to someone, which is, of course, the fundamental theory of plant pathology. And I was just so proud. But it also really represented this real excitement for me this embrace this acknowledgement of the challenges we face in plant pathology in these domains that otherwise have not heard of us, right and beyond the USDA, funding from NASA, just awareness from these other organizations, excitement from engineers, AI experts about solving plant disease problems. It's truly invigorating and exciting to me. That's where I see you going next. And I'm really excited about the future. Craig Macmillan 26:51 There was one thing that you could say to grape growers on this topic, what would it be? Katie Gold 26:58 Oh, that's such a great question. There's so much that I want to say. Craig Macmillan 27:01 One thing, Katie. Katie Gold 27:04 I would say your data is valuable and to be aware of how you keep track of your data, that the keeping track of your data, keeping your data organized, keeping, just having reproducible organized workflows will enable you to make the most out of these forthcoming technologies. It will enable you to calibrate it will enable you to train these technologies to work better for you, but your data is valuable, don't give it away to just anyone and to be aware of it. Craig Macmillan 27:33 I agree wholeheartedly. And I think that applies everything from how much time it takes to leaf an acre of ground. And how much wood you are removing when you prune to when and how much water you're applying. Data is gold. Katie Gold 27:49 Data is gold. Craig Macmillan 27:50 It takes time and energy. Katie Gold 27:52 Institutional knowledge. For example, my field research manager Dave Combs has been doing this job for over 25 years, I inherited him from my predecessor, and he trained our robot how to see disease in its imagery. And the goal of our robots is not to replace the expertise like Dave, but to preserve them right to preserve that 25 years of knowledge into a format that will live beyond any of us. So I see keeping track of your data keeping track of that knowledge you have, you know, you know, in your vineyard where a disease is going to show up first, you know your problem areas, keeping track of that in an organized manner, annotating your datasets. I'm starting to adopt GIS in a way just simply like, here are my field boundaries, even simply just taking notes on your in your data sets that are timed and dated. I think it's incredibly important. Craig Macmillan 28:38 Where can people find out more about you and your work? Katie Gold 28:41 Well, so you can visit my Web website or I've got a public Twitter page where you can see me retweet cool things that I think are cool. I tweet a lot about NASA I tweet a lot about Greek disease. If you want to see pictures of dying grapes come to my Twitter page, as well as Cornell regularly publishes things about me. Craig Macmillan 28:57 Fantastic. Katie Gold 28:58 So be sure to Google Katie Gold Cornell. Cornell that's the key. Yeah, Katie go to Cornell or you might get an unwelcome surprise. Craig Macmillan 29:04 And we have lots of links and stuff on the show page. So listeners you can go there. I want to thank our guest today. Unknown Speaker 29:13 Thank you so much for having me, Craig. This has been wonderful. Craig Macmillan 29:16 Had Katie Gould, Assistant Professor of rape pathology at Cornell agritech campus of Cornell University. Nearly Perfect Transcription by https://otter.ai
SpaceTime with Stuart Gary | Astronomy, Space & Science News
SpaceTime Series 26 Episode 118 *Does antimatter fall up or down in gravity? Does antimatter fall up or down under the influence of gravity? It's been an age-old question among first year physics students the world over, and now we finally have an answer – it falls down just like regular matter. *NASA'S epic Osiris-Rex mission returns home NASA's first ever asteroid sample return mission has arrived safely back on Earth parachuting down onto a US Military test range in the Utah desert. *Iran's nuclear missile program advances another step Iran claims it's launched a new spy satellite into orbit. The seven kilogram Nour-3 imaging CubeSat was launched aboard a Qased rocket by Iran's Revolutionary Guards. *The Science Report COVID-19 was the third leading cause of death in Australian in 2022. Antarctic sea ice has reached a new record low winter growth -- its lowest since records began. The world's most powerful X-ray laser: Skeptics guide to Australia's best psychic This week's guests: Associate Professor Nick Timms, from Curtin University Sananda Sharma from JPL Mars Perseverance rover astrobiologist Rachel Kronyak from JPL Mars Perseverance rover science operations. And our regular guests: Science writer Jonathan Nally Alex Zaharov-Reutt from www.techadvice.life Tim Mendham from Australian Skeptics Listen to SpaceTime on your favorite podcast app with our universal listen link: https://spacetimewithstuartgary.com/listen and access show links via https://linktr.ee/biteszHQ Additionally, listeners can support the podcast and gain access to bonus content by becoming a SpaceTime crew member through www.bitesz.supercast.com or through premium versions on Spotify and Apple Podcasts. Details on our website at https://spacetimewithstuartgary.com For more SpaceTime and show links: https://linktr.ee/biteszHQThis show is part of the Spreaker Prime Network, if you are interested in advertising on this podcast, contact us at https://www.spreaker.com/show/2458531/advertisement
Measuring how water and air move in thunderstorms globally is essential for predicting severe weather.
Avetik Grigoryan, the CEO and Co-Founder of Bazoomq Space Research Laboratory, and Masis Kumrigyan, the Technical Director of Space Programs at the Center for Scientific Innovation and Education (CSIE), join us to discuss the upcoming launch of Hayasat-1. Developed in a partnership between Bazoomq and CSIE, Hayasat-1 is a CubeSat. Grigoryan and Kumrigyan explain what CubeSats are, their uses, and the current trends in satellite technologies. We also talk about the development process of Hayasat-1 and its potential implications for the future of Armenia's space industry. Finally, we discuss the importance of popularizing science and space in Armenia and explore why this is significant.
In this final installment lesson, Kevin teaches me about the steps to go from CubeSat idea to space using the CubeSat 101 handbook. Check out the lesson on Youtube Aerospace and Innovation Academy vodcast playlist! --- Support this podcast: https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/shawna-christenson2/support
In this episode, we join Martin Butler (M1MRB), Caryn Eve Murray KD2GUT, Edmund Spicer M0MNG, Ed Durrant DD5LP and Ruth Willet KM4LAO to discuss the latest Amateur / Ham Radio news. Colin Butler (M6BOY) rounds up the news in brief and in the episode's feature is Types of Coax Connectors. We would like to thank Nigel Wells (2W0CGM) and our monthly and annual subscription donors for keeping the podcast advert free. To donate, please visit - http://www.icqpodcast.com/donate Satellite Returns via Guided Re-Entry Pakistan Launches DRM Radio with Transmitter Project ARRL and NASA Team Up to Help Teachers Landmark PACT for African Amateur Radio Response International Lighthouse and Lightship Weekend GB2RS in Morse code When QRP is a Big Deal Successful Orbit for CubeSATS Built in the Philippines ARRL Files Comments Against “Seriously Flawed” HF Rules Petition
Russia's Luna 25 lander launched on a Soyuz 2.1 rocket and is expected to soft land at the lunar south pole on August 21. The European Space Agency has released its 2023 space environment report. The French national space agency is seeking partners with BPI France to purchase demonstration missions aboard French microlaunchers. Spire Global achieved its highest-ever quarterly revenue of $26.5 million, up by 37% year over year, and more. Remember to leave us a 5-star rating and review in your favorite podcast app. Miss an episode? Sign-up for our weekly intelligence roundup, Signals and Space, and you'll never miss a beat. And be sure to follow T-Minus on Twitter and LinkedIn. T-Minus Guest Learn more about the mission of the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, and upcoming events with AIAA Executive Director Dan Dumbacher. You can connect with Dan on LinkedIn and learn more about AIAA on their website. Selected Reading Russia launches first mission to the moon in nearly 50 years- Al Jazeera ESA's Space Environment Report 2023- ESA France to Fund Demonstration Missions of Microlaunchers- European Spaceflight Spire Posts Record Revenue, Loss Reduction in 2Q 2023 Just Before Planned Stock Split- Via Satellite SpaceX valuation rose by 12%, says fund where rocket launcher is top holding- MarketWatch SpaceX launches 22 Starlink satellites, lands rocket on ship at sea- Space Kratos and Hypersonix Announce Exclusive Teaming Agreement- Press Release Telesat Contracts MDA as Prime Satellite Manufacturer for Its Advanced Telesat Lightspeed Low Earth Orbit Constellation- Press Release Wichita aerospace company going up for auction. It has worked with SpaceX, Virgin Galactic- The Wichita Eagle China's commercial rocket launches seven satellites- CGTN Taiwan Space Agency enters 2nd phase of CubeSat development program- Focus Taiwan If You Did Space Ops, You Could Become a ‘Legacy Guardian'- Air and Space Forces NASA Announces Round 1 Winners of the 2023 NASA Entrepreneurs Challenge- Press Release Perseid meteor shower peaks this weekend — but 2028's show might be one for the ages T-Minus Crew Survey We want to hear from you! Please complete our 4 question survey. It'll help us get better and deliver you the most mission-critical space intel every day. Want to hear your company in the show? You too can reach the most influential leaders and operators in the industry. Here's our media kit. Contact us at space@n2k.com to request more info. Want to join us for an interview? Please send your pitch to space-editor@n2k.com and include your name, affiliation, and topic proposal. T-Minus is a production of N2K Networks, your source for strategic workforce intelligence. © 2023 N2K Networks, Inc. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices
In this lesson, Kevin talks about the various kinds of subsystems that make up a CubeSat! If you are going to build one, you have to know the parts. Our students learn real-world aerospace in teams that meet as after school clubs. Your student can stand out today on resumes and college applications while getting experience in aerospace. Join Aerospace and Innovation Academy today. www. aerospacehigh.org --- Support this podcast: https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/shawna-christenson2/support
Guests: Steve Luczynski, Senior Manager / Critical Infrastructure Security, Accenture Federal Services [@Accenture] and Chairman of the Board for the Aerospace Village [@secureaerospace]On LinkedIn | https://www.linkedin.com/in/steveluczynski/On Twitter | https://twitter.com/cyberpilot22Lillian Ash Baker, Product Security Engineer, Boeing and Call for Papers Organizer for the Aerospace Village [@secureaerospace]On LinkedIn | https://www.linkedin.com/in/zap-bang/____________________________Hosts:Sean Martin, Co-Founder at ITSPmagazine [@ITSPmagazine] and Host of Redefining CyberSecurity Podcast [@RedefiningCyber]On ITSPmagazine | https://www.itspmagazine.com/itspmagazine-podcast-radio-hosts/sean-martinMarco Ciappelli, Co-Founder at ITSPmagazine [@ITSPmagazine] and Host of Redefining Society PodcastOn ITSPmagazine | https://www.itspmagazine.com/itspmagazine-podcast-radio-hosts/marco-ciappelli____________________________This Episode's SponsorsImperva | https://itspm.ag/imperva277117988Pentera | https://itspm.ag/penteri67a___________________________Episode NotesIn this episode of Redefining CyberSecurity Podcast, hosts Sean and Marco are joined by guests Steve Luczynski and Lillian Ash Baker to discuss the Aerospace Village 2023 at DEF CON during Hacker Summer Camp in Las Vegas. The conversation highlights the diverse range of topics covered in the village, including CubeSat resilience, ransomware resilience, and attack chains for low orbit satellites.The guests emphasize the involvement of government agencies like the White House and TSA, as well as industry giants like Boeing and Lockheed. The hosts express their excitement for the hands-on activities at the village, such as capture the flag events, and the opportunity to learn from experts in the field.They also discuss the importance of inspiring and promoting cybersecurity in the aviation and space sector, particularly for students and newcomers. The presence of SpaceX and their partnership with the village is highlighted as well. Listen to get a comprehensive overview of the Aerospace Village, showcasing the intersection of cybersecurity, aviation, and space, and the opportunity for attendees to engage with experts and participate in hands-on activities.The conversation also take a trip down memory lane, looking at the history of the village and its evolution over the years, highlighting the increasing number of submissions and the involvement of government agencies. The guests discuss their respective roles in the village and share their perspectives on the importance of cybersecurity in the aerospace industry. The hosts express their enthusiasm for the presentations and the chance to connect with professionals in the field. They also reflect on the growth and impact of the village, noting the increasing interest and participation from students and researchers. ____________________________Watch this and other videos on ITSPmagazine's YouTube ChannelRedefining CyberSecurity Podcast with Sean Martin, CISSP playlist:
In this second in our series, Kevin tells us more about the history of CubeSats by addressing early and interesting missions and helps explains their payloads! --- Support this podcast: https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/shawna-christenson2/support
NASA EDGE attends the Mission Concepts Program workshop to learn more about NASA's role in launching Cubesats through the CubeSat Launch Initiative.
NASA EDGE attends the Mission Concepts Program workshop to learn more about NASA's role in launching Cubesats through the CubeSat Launch Initiative.
NASA EDGE attends the Mission Concepts Program workshop to learn more about NASA's role in launching Cubesats through the CubeSat Launch Initiative.
NASA EDGE attends the Mission Concepts Program workshop to learn more about NASA's role in launching Cubesats through the CubeSat Launch Initiative.
In this first of our minisode series, Kevin gives us a brief overview of the history of a CubeSat! --- Support this podcast: https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/shawna-christenson2/support
How Fungi Are Breaking The Binary: A Queer Approach To Ecology As Pride month comes to a close, many people are reflecting on the past, present, and future of the LGBTQIA+ community. An interdisciplinary group of scientists, researchers, and artists are using queerness as a lens to better understand the natural world, too. It's a burgeoning field called queer ecology, which aims to break down binaries and question our assumptions of the natural world based on heterosexuality. For example, there are plenty of examples of same-sex animal pairings in the wild, like penguins, chimps, and axolotls. There are also plants that change sexes, or have a combination of male and female parts, like the mulberry tree. But perhaps the most queer kingdom of all is fungi. Mushrooms are not easily forced into any type of binary. For example, the Schizophyllum commune, or the split gill mushroom, has 23,000 sexes, making it somewhat of a queer icon in the field of mycology. SciFri producer Kathleen Davis talks with Patty Kaishian, incoming curator of mycology at the New York State Museum, about how fungi might help us expand our understandings of sexuality, identity, and hierarchy. They also discuss how queer ecology can help people of all sexualities reconnect with the natural world. Scientists Think Cloning Could Help Save Endangered Species Earlier this year, a baby Przewalski's horse was born at the San Diego Zoo. But this foal isn't any ordinary foal, he's a clone. He's the product of scientists aiming to save his dwindling species using genetics. This endangered horse species once roamed Europe and Asia, but by the 1960, threats like poaching, capture, and military presence drove the horses to extinction in the wild. Conservationists raced to save this wild horse through captive breeding programs, but with a population so small, there just wasn't enough genetic diversity to grow a healthy herd. But with careful genetic management, the Przewalski's horse's population is now nearly 2,000 horses strong, and this new foal will one day help boost his species' genetic diversity even more. Producer Kathleen Davis talks with Dr. Oliver Ryder, conservation geneticist at the San Diego Zoo Wildlife Alliance, about cloning Przewalski's horse, and how doing so will infuse genetic diversity into the small population. Then Davis talks with Dr. Sam Wisely, professor of wildlife ecology and conservation at the University of Florida, about how cloning can help other endangered species, like the black-footed ferret, and the ethics involved in cloning. Twenty Years On, The Little CubeSat Is Bigger Than Ever The story of the CubeSat started with a big problem for one Cal Poly professor. “It was actually a critical problem for us, but it was a problem that nobody else cared about,” said Jordi Puig-Suari, an Emeritus Professor from Cal Poly San Luis Obispo. He co-invented the CubeSat with Bob Twiggs from Stanford. Puig-Suari is now retired and has spent the last four years sailing around the world with his wife. I talked to him over Zoom from somewhere along that journey. He takes me back two decades to his time as a professor at Cal Poly where he was hired to develop their aerospace engineering department. Read the rest of this article at sciencefriday.com. Remembering Engineer And Author Henry Petroski Last week the world watched as rescuers from across the globe searched for a tiny experimental submersible that had disappeared, carrying five people on a dive to the wreck of the R.M.S. Titanic. That search turned out, sadly, to be in vain. The Titan submersible is believed to have imploded in the North Atlantic, killing all aboard. The intersection of design, engineering, and human risk-taking is a recurring theme throughout modern history. One of the finest chroniclers of those tales was Henry Petroski, who died earlier this month at the age of 81. He was a professor of engineering and history at Duke University, and author of many books. Petroski was known for his critical eye and insightful view of various missteps and faults in pursuit of progress—from improving bridge designs for safety to the tragic loss of the space shuttles Challenger and Columbia. Some called Petroski the “poet laureate of technology” for his prolific writings on everything from the design of bridges to the fabrication of pencils. In this recording from 2012, Ira Flatow spoke with the late professor Petroski about engineering failures, and humanity's follies. To stay updated on all-things-science, sign up for Science Friday's newsletters. Transcripts for each segment will be available the week after the show airs on sciencefriday.com.
Baris Dinc, OH2UDS, has a passion for amateur radio that has shaped his life and career in remarkable ways. Growing up in Turkey with a father who loved tinkering with electronics, Baris was exposed to the world of radio communication early on through articles in the Turkish Amateur Radio Society Magazine, which further ignited his love for the craft. Baris was the only child under 18 to hold a Turkish amateur license with the call sign TA7W. This early achievement set the stage for an illustrious career, which included earning a BSEE from Ankara University and spearheading the ambitious communications projects, QO-100 earth stations and the Mars on Earth project to interest kids in radio and satellites. OH2UDS is my QSO Today.
When will we create a livable habitat in space? Neil deGrasse Tyson and Matt Kirshen explore the possibilities of tessellated space structures, artificial gravity, and other challenges with Founder of MIT Space Exploration Initiative, Ariel Ekblaw.NOTE: StarTalk+ Patrons can listen to this entire episode commercial-free here: https://startalkmedia.com/show/cosmic-queries-building-space-civilizations-with-ariel-ekblaw/Thanks to our Patrons Rafael Pérez Pastor, Jay Patel, Justin Sharkey, Nick Wood, Debbie Karimullah, and Patrick for supporting us this week.Photo Credit: NASA/Donald Davis, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons
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