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In this solo episode of The Reformed Brotherhood, Tony Arsenal tackles the concerning theological trend of "Divine Council Theology" and its recent resurgence within Reformed circles. He offers a critical analysis of Michael Heiser's influential work and its problematic popularization by Reformed figures like Doug Van Dorn and John Moffitt. Tony demonstrates how redefining the biblical term "Elohim" to include both God and created spiritual beings in the same ontological category fundamentally undermines the creator-creature distinction essential to Christian orthodoxy. Through careful examination of systematic theological categories, communicable and incommunicable attributes, and implications for Christology, he reveals why this seemingly academic redefinition poses serious threats to biblical monotheism and classical Reformed theology. Key Takeaways Divine Council Theology, popularized by Michael Heiser and now being promoted within Reformed circles, attempts to redefine "Elohim" as a functional category that includes both God and created spiritual beings. This theological trend commits an etymological fallacy by redefining the predominant usage of "Elohim" (which refers to the God of Israel in ~2,300 of 2,600 occurrences) based on minority usages. The approach dangerously blurs the fundamental creator-creature distinction that is essential to Christian monotheism and orthodox theology. Proponents incorrectly classify divine power as a communicable attribute rather than recognizing omnipotence as an incommunicable attribute that cannot be shared with creatures. The theological system makes problematic analogies to the incarnation, showing a confused understanding of the hypostatic union and potentially opening the door to Arian implications. This theology represents a concerning return to concepts the early church fathers fought against when confronting pagan Greek thought, rather than a retrieval of biblical teaching. Departing from the "pattern of sound words" handed down through church history in favor of novel interpretations should raise significant warning flags. Key Concepts The Creator-Creature Distinction The most fundamental division in Christian theology is not between spiritual and material beings, but between the uncreated Creator and everything else that exists. Divine Council Theology dangerously undermines this distinction by placing God and created spiritual beings in the same category of "Elohim." While proponents acknowledge God as the uncreated Creator, they nevertheless insist on categorizing Him alongside angels, demons, and other spiritual entities based on shared attributes of power or function. This categorization system parallels pagan worldviews more than biblical theology, where God exists in a class of one. By defining "Elohim" as a functional category related to spiritual power rather than an ontological one, this approach inadvertently returns to a hierarchical view of spiritual beings with God merely at the "top of the totem pole" rather than in an entirely separate and unique category of existence. This framework subtly but significantly undermines biblical monotheism by suggesting God shares a fundamental nature with His creatures. Communicable vs. Incommunicable Attributes Divine Council Theology mishandles the traditional theological distinction between God's communicable and incommunicable attributes. In classical Reformed theology, communicable attributes (like love or wisdom) can be shared with creatures in a limited, analogical way, while incommunicable attributes (like omnipotence, eternality, or divine simplicity) belong exclusively to God and cannot be shared without making the creature into God. Proponents of Divine Council Theology erroneously suggest that the power denoted by "Elohim" is a communicable attribute that God shares with spiritual beings, rather than recognizing omnipotence as properly incommunicable. This misclassification creates theological incoherence: if God could truly share His omnipotence with creatures, those creatures would effectively become equal to God in power, creating the logical impossibility of multiple omnipotent beings. This confusion of categories demonstrates how this theological system fails to maintain proper distinctions that are essential for preserving the uniqueness and transcendence of God in Christian theology. Memorable Quotes "Christianity and biblical Judaism—the primary distinction is not between spiritual and matter... The primary distinction when we're talking about the most absolute line is the distinction between the uncreated creator and his creation." "Rather than rely on the safe time-tested words and concepts that have been proven and validated, and attacked and defended and have been victorious for hundreds and thousands of years... Moffitt and Van Dorn think it is smarter and safer to depart from the pattern of sound words rather than to keep the pattern of sound words because they think that they are able to look at the Bible the way basically no one ever has in the 2000 years of the church and find something they haven't." "These teachings are pagan. This is talking about returning to a world populated by spiritual beings, and God is kind of just on the highest part of the totem pole... We're just returning to something that the early church fought hard to get rid of when they came out of their pagan culture." Resources Mentioned Reformed Arsenal article series on Divine Council Theology Full Transcript [00:00:24] Introduction and Episode Setup Tony Arsenal: Welcome to episode 461 of the Reformed Brotherhood. I am Tony, and today it's just me. Hey, brothers and sisters. We had a little bit of a scheduling conflict this week, so Jesse is taking the week off and uh, it gives me an opportunity to talk about something that I've been doing a little bit of research on. [00:00:47] Affirmations and Denials Tony Arsenal: Hopefully the listener has noticed that Jesse and I have been trying to keep our affirmations and denials a little bit tighter so we can get into the meat of the episode a little bit quicker. But occasionally we do run into a denial, usually a denial, but we run into a denial that, uh, we often say this could be an episode of its own. And so today is one of those episodes. So I'm not gonna give you my normal affirmation or denial. I'm just gonna jump into it. Now this is gonna be a little bit off the cuff. I've been doing some research, so I may not have as much of the receipts as the kids say, um, as I normally would. But I am writing a series of articles on this issue over@reformedarsenal.com. I'll make sure to put the link to the first article in the show notes. All of the receipts are there, all of the timestamps for the podcast episodes that I'll be. Discussing your critiquing. Are there citations for research work that I'm doing? All that stuff is there. So if you're interested in digging into the meet and you're the kind of guy who, or girl who likes to nerd out in the footnotes, then head over to uh reformed arsenal.com. You'll find the series pretty quick. [00:01:56] Introduction to Divine Counsel Theology Tony Arsenal: What I wanted to talk about today, and I'm glad we have kind of a whole episode, uh, to talk about it, is a movement, uh, that has some foothold in reformed theology. Uh, it's not new, uh, it didn't start in reformed theology, but for some reason, uh, those who are within our orbits tend to be a little bit enamored by this kind of theology. I'm not exactly sure why. [00:02:19] Michael Heiser's Influence Tony Arsenal: This theology is often called Divine Counsel Theology, and it was really, um, you know, it's not entirely new even with, with this figure, but it was really made popular and sort of, um, spread about and made accessible by the late Michael Heiser. Um, part of this is because he was just a very winsome, uh, guy. He took. Sort of highfalutin academic concepts and was able to bring them down to, uh, to an understandable level, including things like ancient near Eastern context, biblical, you know, ex of Jesus Hebrew language, other ancient near Eastern languages, which of course, that's that kind of stuff is what this podcast is all about, taking difficult, sometimes technical concepts. Talking about them, translating them into kind of the language that everybody else speaks. So that project was fine. The issue is the direction that he goes with a lot of the theology. So Michael Heiser writes a book called Unseen Realms, which is seen as kind of a retrieval of the supernatural mindset and worldview of the Bible. Uh, there's a lot to be commended about that, uh, enterprise, about that intention. I do agree with part of what he has to say when he says that we've lost a lot of the supernatural context of the Bible. Um, but I think where he goes with it is a direction that we really ought not go and we'll dig into it. [00:03:43] Critique of Reformed Fringe Podcast Tony Arsenal: The reason this is coming up now is because recently there's been a series of articles and podcasts put out by a show called The Reformed Fringe. Uh, some if you're in the Telegram chat, which you can join at, uh, t Me slash Reformed Brotherhood. You've already seen some of this stuff. We've already talked about it a little bit. But the Reformed Fringe is a podcast that sort of tries to fill a space that's something like Haunted Cosmos, which we've talked about before. Um, fills sort of looking at the weird fringe kind of things in the world. Ghosts, paranormal activity, trying to explain it through a biblical, uh, lens or worldview. Again, that's a commendable. Effort. There are strange things that happen in our world that are not easily explainable or at all explainable by natural, uh, naturalistic means. And so coming to those things with the Bible as our, uh, rubric to instruct us on how the world works is a commendable thing. But again, this project, which is by and large, um, and we'll get into maybe, but by and large is just an extension of, um, Heiser's project really goes in directions that cause all sorts of problems down the road. So the podcast is, uh, run by a guy named Doug Van Dorn, who most of the audience probably hasn't heard of. I have had run-ins with Doug over the years. Um, the last time I ran into him actually was revolving around similar kinds of issues that I'm gonna be calling out today. Um, and it, it ended up with him kind of having to depart from the reform pub, uh, maybe to put it a little bit politely and, um. You know, he has, he has taken, he's theology, which was not explicitly reformed. Heiser was not a reformed guy. He had no claims to be a Calvinist in many ways. Uh, he was sort of anticon confessional in, in that he opposed not the idea of a faith statement, but he sort of purported to come to the Bible with no biases, with no tradition. He wanted to approach what he called the Naked Bible. That was actually the name of his podcast before he died a few years ago. And so what Doug Van Dorn is, has done who, uh, Doug is a claims to be a 1689 Reformed Baptist. He's a pastor in Colorado, I believe. Um, he has tried to take this divine counsel theology and bring it into the reformed world. So he comes at it with a, a slightly different angle, but for the most part, his conclusions are the same. And in many cases he just straight up steals ER's work and doesn't cite it, doesn't do much to, uh, articulate that this is not his original research. Um, so he's taken that and he's trying to bring it into the reformed world. And Heiser himself was actually quite influential when I was a, an admin in the reform pub. We would run into lots of, lots of young reformed guys. Who were really enamored with this and they really saw, he's project as sort of a return to a pure form of exo Jesus that really got at what the Hebrew was saying. And it tickled, I think, kind of an intellectual, uh, an intellectual itch that a lot of those guys had combined with sort of this desire for the new and novel, um, which is in itself can be pretty dangerous. To sort of make things a little bit more pressing, Heiser has teamed up with John Moffitt, who many of our listeners may know. Uh, he's one of the co-hosts and founders of the podcast, Theo Cast, uh, which otherwise is a perfectly fine podcast. Um, he's also a 1680 or claims to be a 1689 Reform Baptist. He's a pastor. Um, their podcast is sort of what you would get if you had, uh, and I don't mean this to be pejorative, although maybe it is a little pejorative. Theo cast is what you would get if you took r Scott Clark. Uh, you made it much less intellectual and careful, and then made it Baptist. And what I mean by that is Scott's whole project. In large part is to recover and to emphasize the law gospel distinction. Theo cast has taken that and sort of cranked it up to 11. Uh, and they have um, they have sort of moved away from a lot of the classical reform distinctions of the law itself, so they don't full on deny the third use of the law. But in practice they would say that, um, good works is no kind of evidence whatsoever for your, um, for your faith. It's no kind of evidence of your, your salvation, which of course are confessions themselves. Um, say that there is a kind of evidential value to assessing our good works within certain reason and con. So the show is otherwise orthodox. You know, I I, I recall hearing episodes where they were refuting things like EFS, um, but because of that, Moffitt brings with him sort of an air of credibility and an error in orthodoxy that, um, the show itself probably hasn't merited. If Doug just recorded, pushed, play and put it on the. I don't think there would've been too much, uh, too much of a following. He would've probably, you know, grabbed a couple people who heard it and thought it was interesting. But because Moffitt has such a following on Theo cast, he brings with him a large audience, and that makes it particularly dangerous because his name attached to it makes it more widespread. It makes it feel like it's safer. And so I think a lot of people, uh, assume that what he's saying is orthodox and good. And I think what we'll find out is, is that it's not. So I think that's enough ProGo. [00:09:10] Elohim and Its Implications Tony Arsenal: I'm gonna go ahead and, and jump into explaining kind of what the theology that we're talking about is and, and what the problems are. So this all started kicked off, uh, with a series of podcast episodes and the first episode, and again, I don't have the specific titles here. I'll put a bibliography in the show notes on this one just so you have links to all the relevant episodes. Um, this all kind of kicked off with a podcast episode called something like The History of the Word God, or something like that. And, um, basically what Moffitt and Van Dorn want to do is they wanna look at the word Elohim in the Bible, which of course is a plural noun. Uh, in Hebrew, the, the suffix, just like in English, we might add an S or an ES, um, to a word to make it plural. Or in Greek, it's usually, if it's a masculine, uh, noun, it's, it's an oi or an omicron iota that sort of always sound at the end. Um, or when we, we talk about Latin, you have, you have like, um, you add the I at the end, so we say octopi instead of octopuses or something like that. Cacti instead of cactus. Although both of those are kind of pig Latins, um, in, in Hebrew for, uh, for masculine nouns. The suffix that you add to make it plural, is that eam sound. It's a, it's an Im if you transliterate in English. So the word Elohim is a plural of the original noun El which is a proper name for a eury deity. But it came to just be the singular word for, for God. Um, and, and in non-biblical language, we would say in a God. Um, and we do see in English, there are in, in Hebrew, in the Bible, there are places where we see the singular of this. It's kind of an older form, so it doesn't show up as much. Um, but by and large when we see the word Elohim in the Bible. Something like, uh, outta 2,600 references or more than 2,600 references in the Bible. Um, the word Elohim is associated with a single, a singular noun, and it only refers to the God of Israel. What Moffitt and Van Dorn want to do is they want to take this word and they wanna define it based on the abnormal. Uh, use of it. So the vast minority, minority of cases in the Old Testament, the word Elohim refers to the gods or to a non, like what we might say is lower G God, either like the God, Baal, or some sort of collective reference to the gods, the gods of the nation, or something like that. They wanna take the fact that there is this variation in the way the word is used and sort of radically redefine how the Bible uses it. And this, this is what I call and what a lot of people would call an etymological fallacy. So what they're doing is, instead of, uh, looking at the word and defining it based on how it's used in an, in an overwhelming fashion, they're looking at sort of the etymology of the word. And then they're using the fact that there are, uh, some pretty Dr. Dramatically minority cases where the word is used in a different way and they wanna redefine it and say, in, in all or most cases in the Bible actually. This is what the word means. So they look at the word L, which from its root has something to do probably with the, with the word for power or something like that. Um, they wanna look at it. And, you know, if you read someone like Vos in Reformed dogmatics in his volume one, he talks about how when we see the name Elohim for God, it denotes or, or refers to his sort of power, his omnipotence, which is all good and fine, just like we would say Yahweh. Uh, as a proper name refers to God sort of in his covenant role. It's his covenant name, his, his intimate, familial name that he shares, uh, with his people or he reveals to his people. Elohim is a more abstract name and it refers to God's power. Usually we see it in relation to his cre creation. So in Genesis one, um, when it's God created, it's Elohim created, which is also important and relevant for, for later. So what they wanna do is they want to say that Elohim actually. What Act Elohim actually means is it's a reference to a class of beings, spiritual beings, and that that it means sort of any spiritual being that has some type of supernatural power or enhanced power, some sort of spiritual power. They do this by saying that the noun is not an ontological noun, it's actually like a noun of function. Um, so like we would say a, a good example in English would be a painter that's a noun of function. It's a title of function. It any person could be called a painter if they engage in the verbal action of painting. And so what they're saying is that any being that engages in the action of having power. Is, uh, is an Elohim. And so that would include, in narrating at least, it would include angels, demons. Uh, I, you know, I don't know that they've said this explicitly, but I, I think Heiser would've included things like ghosts, disembodied spirits, um, humans in sort of the intermediary state might be considered Elohim humans in the, in the, um, this. Life are called Elohim, uh, in some instances. So, so this is where the Divine Council theology comes from, and that comes from Psalm 82, I think, where there's this council of Elohim that, that Yahweh seems to be speaking to and deliberating with. Or you look at Joe, where the sons of God come and they sort of pulled court in God's heavenly presence. So he would say those are examples where the, the collected Elohim. God being one of the Elohim are somehow gathered in this heavenly divine counsel. Now what this does is just devastating to Christian theology is it takes God who exists in a class of one. The, the, the God of the universe is, is the only uncreated entity in all of of the world. And so when we start to talk, and this is ironic, when we start to talk about the ways to divide up the world, the ancient world, the, the pagan world tended to divide the world between, um. Between spiritual and material. So think of g Gnostics where matter was bad and spirit was good. Or even think of something like, um, the Greek pantheons, the Greek, um, Greek religion, like ancient Greek mythology. You have sort of the spirits and the spiritual world and the gods inhabit a spiritual, have a spiritual existence for the most part. And then you have the physical world where kind of people live, uh, at least while they're alive. Christianity and, and Judaism, at least Biblical Judaism. On the other hand, the, the primary distinction is not between spiritual and matter. There is of course that distinction. There are humans, which are spiritual and material. There are animals which are entirely material, and then there are angels which are entirely spiritual. And so we would say that God is spiritual. So that is a distinction in the world. But the primary distinction when we're talking about the most absolute line is the distinction between the, the uncreated creator and his creation. So what Moffitt, Moffitt and Van Dorn do is instead of observing that biblical distinction, which really all of Christian theology and Christian monotheism rests on, they wanna say that instead, the distinction is between the. Um, is between the Elohim as the sort of spiritual beings and then sort of everything else of the created world, and so they wouldn't deny that God, that Yahweh is. The uncreated creator of all things, but they would say he's an uncreated Elohim and that there is a class of created Elohim. So I don't, I don't think you have to go too far down this road to see what this does. It puts God on the same level as his creatures in at least one way. Um, and I think we'll find out later, uh, as we talk through this, actually it does it in a couple ways that are really, uh, really can be problematic as we go. And so, uh, just let me be clear if all that, if all that Moffitt and Van Dorn were saying, if, if all they said was, um, we can use the word Elohim to describe any creature. Or God that doesn't have a body. Elohim is a synonym for the word spirit. Um, that wouldn't be the wisest way to speak, I don't think. It wouldn't be the, the most, um, felicitous or safe way to talk about the distinction. But it wouldn't be controversial. There'd be nothing wrong with that. It'd just be using a different word. It'd be like if I said, well, instead of the word spirit, I'm gonna use the word bibly bop, you know? So we have. We have God who is bibly bop, and we have the angels who is bibly bop, and humans are biblio bop. And also material, again, not the safest way to talk. There's no reason to use that alternative language when the Bible gives us perfectly legitimate language. Um, but it wouldn't be a problem. But Moffit and Van Dorn go. Way past this and maybe they don't realize it. I've asked them on Twitter, I asked them to clarify. I didn't get a response. So if they are hearing this, which maybe they will, maybe they won't. If they're hearing this, I would really love to get some clarification on some of these questions because I would love nothing more than to be able to say that this was all a big misunderstanding and that actually all they're saying is that there is this spiritual existence. That, um, we can put all things that are spirit without a body or spirit with a body. We can put all those in the same category and call that category Elohim. Again, I don't think that's safe, but if that's all they were doing, that would be fine. But we see in their episodes, and I'm gonna try to grab some quotes, um, from, from some of the articles I've written. But again, go read the articles because this goes way more in depth. It's got timestamps of it. It's got links to their episodes. Don't take my word for it. Go listen to their. Words and, and check, you know, check my math on this. But what they do is they actually start to, in, in an attempt to justify why it's okay to put God in the same category as his creatures. Um, and in at least one way, they start to make some weird statements that have a lot of systematic theology, um, implications that are, are just really, really risky. So, for example, one of the ways that they try to kind of explain this, I'm gonna pull, pull the article that I wrote up here. So, great podcasting. [00:19:34] Communicable vs. Incommunicable Attributes Tony Arsenal: Um, one of the ways they start to try to do this is again, they, they wanna say they use this distinction between incommunicable and communicable attributes, right? So in, in Christian theology, classically speaking, a communicable attribute of God is an attribute that he shares or could share with. A creature and primarily we're talking, you know, we're talking about attributes that he shares with his image bearers. So something like, um, love. Love is a communicable attribute. Our love is different than God's love, but when we say love, we're talking about the same basic category of things God loves differently than we do. But love and in a human sense, and love in a, in a divine sense, are still talking about the same thing. There's a point of contact there. Um, an incommunicable attribute would be something like, um, something like eternity. Right. Eternity is not just an extended infinite sequence of time. If it was, he could share that with us. Um, but eternity or infinity is an entirely different way of existing than a creature could ever, could ever exist in divine Simplicity is another example. Um, God could not make humans simple because simplicity entails all sorts of things like infinity. Um, eternality. Um, you know, omnipresence, omni, potent, all of these things are entailed by simplicity. So God could not make a creature infinite because in order for it to be infinite, it would have to be God. Uh, God could not make a creature simple, uh, in the, in the sense of no composition of parts. Uh, because that would mean that that creature is actually God and has no composer. So, so those would be the classic, uh, incommunicable attributes and omnipotence. Is considered, although it's a little bit weird, it sort of crosses the line in some ways. But omnipotence is considered. An incommunicable attribute. God cannot share his omnipotence with a creature because you can't have two omnipotence. Um, if you have two omnipotence, then those two omnipotence cancel each other out in some sense. If God, and, and, and he has a will, God wills one thing, and then I as a creature, if he shared his omnipotence with me, somehow willed a different thing, then we would no longer be, neither of us would be omnipotent. Where this goes sideways with Moffitt and Vandorn is rather than respect omnipotence as a an incommunicable attribute, they say that the attribute or the word Elohim denotes power or might, and that is a communicable attribute. So God does give us a certain level of power. He allows us a certain level of agency. He grants that to us. Again, I'm not even sure that we would call that an an. A communicable attribute. Um, but in a sense, I guess it is. And so they say here, um, Elohim does not mean omnipotent. It means power. It's not an incommunicable attribute. It's a communicable attribute that all kinds of entities could possess. So they're saying that the word, um, the word Elohim, uh, in the Bible denotes that a. A, an entity possesses a certain kind of power or acts in a certain role of executing a certain kind of power. And that doesn't mean omnipotence. It means it means potence. It means some sort of power. And so that that wielding power attribute that. Uh, being a, being that wields power, that attribute, whatever we want to call it, however we want to phrase it, that is a communicable attribute that God shares. He communicates that attribute to all other beings in the class of Elohim. Now, let's just back that up for a second. Um, this still would mean that God has to be the creator and they don't deny that, but it would still mean that God, prior to creation. Was an Elohim in a category of one, and then somehow he created a class and because he's extended. This attribute of wielding power, say power wielder, to try to make it actually more of an attribute. He's extended this attribute of power wielder to uncreate or to created angels, demons, human spirits, whatever other spiritual entities there might be. They would bring in things like principalities, powers, they have a whole, in other, other contexts, they'll talk about this whole different bifurcation of types of spiritual beings that I think is a little speculative, but not a big deal. He extends this power wielder attribute to these created categories. And instead of this now creating a separate category of power wields who are not God, it now is uh, he expands this category of one to now include all sorts of other things, which again, as you can, you can imagine, just runs into problems. And so the, again, this, this word Elohim appears over 2,600 times, and of these instances, 230 of them refer to the God of Israel. So the idea that that. This word is not used specifically as a reference to the God of Israel, or should not be thought of as uniquely titling or almost exclusively titling God. The God of Israel just doesn't really match the data, but it's also just really poor Exogenic method. So rather than take the predominant usage and look at the context. Understanding that the predominant usage is the predominant usage. Instead, we're gonna go back and say, well, these, these minority, these 300 or so cases outside, and not even all 300 of them are used the same way, but these 300 or so cases of them not referring to the God of Israel, we're gonna use that to redefine the word. Its entirety. It's just poor. It's just poor scholarship. It's overly speculative. Um, I haven't read much of. He's work on this in the primary sources. Um, I, I would venture a guess that Heiser makes a much more robust argument than this. And this is part of the problem. When you take an already speculative, already dangerous theology and you try to pop popularize it when you just don't have the same chops that he did, uh, you end up really making some crass, simplistic arguments that just make you look a little silly. To think we can take 200 or 2,600 instances and redefine 2 20, 300 of them. By the way, it's used 300 of the times Just doesn't make any sense. So it again, if, if all we are saying is that God is spiritual and angels are spiritual and so there is some point of affinity between the two, then that would be okay. That wouldn't be a problem. Again, there's some risk in using the word Elohim in that. Sort of placeholder, but, um, that would be a semantic discussion. What they're doing is far, far deeper and far more problematic than that. [00:26:30] Systematic Theology Concerns Tony Arsenal: And so the, the other thing they do, um, that I think is really dangerous, and I don't have all of the, I haven't finished this article yet, so I don't have all of the timestamps in front of me to, to, to get there, is in attempting to justify this Moffitt, uh, in, in one of the other episodes, he turns to the incarnation as a sort of model. And so he'll say that, you know, the son of God is divine, but he's also human. And the fact that he's human, uh, doesn't therefore mean he's not also uniquely the uncreated creator. I would assume everyone hearing this who listens to this show, uh, which has done many, many episodes on Christology, it's one of our pet projects, is just throwing their listening device across the room because what Moffitt seems to miss entirely is that Christ is not, the sun is not in the category of human. Uh, sort of in a simple sense, Christ is in the category of human because he assumes to himself a second created nature. So what, what the, the analogy he's trying to draw is if the sun can be human without ceasing to be the unique one, uncreated God, then so also can, the whole trinity, I guess, can also be Elohim without ceasing to be the one uncreated God. He even goes so far as to say that there is Uncreated Elohim, and then there is created Elohim, and they're all in the category of Elohim, but because there's this commonality, we should still consider that class. And he draws that distinction or he draws the implication that. Um, there's somehow uncreated humanity in Christ, which is a whole different ball of worms that we won't get into. But in, in drawing this analogy, he sort of shows that he really doesn't understand the hypostatic union. He doesn't understand the incarnation, or if he does, he's really making a poor comparison because in the hypostatic union it's not as though the son, uh, as divinity, the son, as the one uncreated. God simply adds to himself in a raw sense and merges. Uh, he doesn't become part of the category of human without taking on a second nature. And then now we are even getting into some inconsistencies. Is human an ontological category or is that a category of function? Are there other categories of function, uh, other creatures in existence that the category of function human might fit? So I think you can see that this just is not a self consistent. Um, a self-consistent system and it leads to all these weird implications. Um, you know, and then they'll even go on to talk about how the Son is the angel of the Lord. I'm not gonna get into a lot of it here, and I agree with that thesis that the, when we see the angel of the Lord in the Old Testament, in the vast majority of cases, we're probably seeing a pre-incarnate appearance of, um, of the second person of the Trinity. They go so far as to say that this is actually a sort of. Incarnation or a sort of hypostatic union of the Elohim nature. So they, they, they draw this distinction, or they draw this parallel between created Elohim and Uncreated Elohim, and they, they argue again, I think implicitly, but in some instances it's almost, it's almost explicit that the son in, in being the angel of the Lord, takes on the uncreated or takes on the created Elohim nature. It's, it's really, um, it's really problematic. So now we have the son who is, uh, sort of hypostatic united to the unc, to the created Elohim nature, and then also is hypostatic united to the human nature. Um, it, it really just gets messy and it confuses categories in a way that is not helpful. And if I'm just being frank, a lot of the younger reformed guys. And when I say younger, I'm talking, maybe I'm projecting back to when I was a younger reform guy, um, I'm talking about people in their mid twenties to maybe early thirties, right? The, the people who were maybe the second or third generation of the young restless reform guys, they didn't necessarily learn, uh, ref young restless reform theology directly from RC Sproul. You know, they weren't the first generation. Um, and, and maybe their pastors weren't the first generation, but, but maybe their pastors were the second generation and now they're learning it from their pastors. So you might think of 'em as like the third generation, to be frank, they don't usually have a great grasp on some of these systematic theology categories as part of why. Jesse and I do this podcast, and part of why we cover the same topic over and over again, part of why we're gonna go through this parable series. But when we're done, we're probably gonna go back and start over with systematic theology. We're gonna go back, we're gonna go through another confession. That's why we spent, we spent like six years going through systematic theology. And almost immediately went back to the Scott's confession and did most of it all over again because these truths need to be taught again and again and again. This is part of what Jude is talking about when he says, we have to contend for the faith. It's not just fighting with people online. It's not just polemics or apologetics. It is reteaching and handing down the faith that was once delivered to the saints. Again, and this is perhaps, and this is the last point I'll make. This is perhaps the most. Telling a reason we should be weary and suspicious of this theology. Paul, in, uh, one of the letters to Timothy, second Timothy, maybe he says, follow the pattern of the sound words that you heard from me. He's not talking about the scriptures. He doesn't say follow the sound words that I'm writing to you. He's referring to a body of doctrine sometimes. The Bible calls it the faith, right? Jude says to contend for the faith. There's this body of doctrine that is the teaching of the apostles, and it is encapsulated in this sort of set pattern of words. Erin A is called it the rule of faith or the regular fide, right? This is where we get things like the Nicean Creed or the Hanian Creed. Why we have creeds and confessions is because we don't need to reinvent the wheel and rather than rely on the safe time-tested words and concepts that have been proven and validated, and attacked and defended and, and um, have been victorious for hundreds and thousands of years, rather than rely on those. Moffitt and Van Doran think it is smarter and safer to depart from the pattern of sound words rather than to keep the pattern of sound words because they think that they are able to look at the Bible the way basically no one ever has in the 2000 years of the church and find something they haven't. I don't wanna be too bombastic. Um, I don't, I don't know either of them. Well, um, from what I can tell, what I've heard of their professions of faith, uh, they're, they're Christian believers. They love the Lord and are very confused. But these teachings are pagan. This is, we're talking about returning to a world of, of populated by spiritual beings. And God is kind of just on the highest part of the totem pole, and maybe there's a firm line between his place on the totem pole and the, the next level down. Maybe there is, um, gets a little bit less firm of a line when we're talking about Jesus, right? So there's some potential Arian implications there that the son, uh, is not the highest deity he is. He's like the father in some ways, but he, you know, in his sort of original form is like creatures in other ways. Um, we're just returning to something that the early church fought hard to get rid of when they came out of their pagan culture. When we started to see Greeks convert to Christianity, they had to figure out how do we come out of our polytheistic culture, and this is where we get the best defenses of monotheism. Jewish Christians didn't have to argue for monotheism because all the Jewish Christians already were monotheists in a biblical sense. The Greek Christians had to fight this stuff. Justin Martyr had to fight this stuff. Athanasius and the Cappadocian fathers had to fight this stuff constantly pushing back against the background Greek culture. And Moffitt and Van Dorn wanna point to that and say, see, really, they're just Greeks in disguise and in the reality is Athanasius and the cap oceans, were fighting against the theology that is making a resurgence in this divine council theory. [00:34:55] Conclusion and Call to Action Tony Arsenal: So I think that's enough for now. Please. Again, I'm writing a long series on this. I don't know how long it's gonna take. I think it's gonna be probably 10 or 13, 10 to 13 articles. It's, it's gonna be a pretty extensive project. But go read them. Go look at them, listen to their episodes, read their articles, and then you compare that to the word of God, has what I said made more sense or does what they make more sense. So I'll leave you with that. The dog is losing her mind. And uh, with that honor, everyone love the brotherhood.

In this English lesson, you'll learn 25 words we use to describe dry things, from sand and cactus to crackers and biscuits. These words will help you speak better English in everyday life and prepare for exams like IELTS and TOEFL.✅ I can be your speaking partner https://brentspeak.as.me/ Use Code SUMMER10 for 10% off your conversation

Saving Ourselves From Big Car – Book Cover On today's show, Earthjustice senior attorney Elizabeth Fisher explains how her organization is leading the fight to protect SB1137.  We'll switch gears and speak to literary and media legend David Obst about his latest publication entitled, “Saving Ourselves from Big Car” (Columbia University Press, Sept. 16). EVENTS: 9/9: Take a Stand Against Proposed CO2 Pipeline Project! Join Bay Area residents and come together to launch Communities Against Carbon Transport & Injection, or CACTI, with a powerful press conference and rally on Tuesday September 9th.  Starts at 11:45 AM Where:  Solano County Board of Supervisors Building, Fairfield, CA 9/21: Sun Day and Make Billionaires Pay! Sun Day is a nationwide day of action on September 21, 2025, celebrating the power of clean energy, and pushing back against the politicians and industries trying to hold it back! San Jose: March, picnic, and conversation! 12:30-2:30pm Berkeley: Fair with booths, food trucks, electric demos, and more! 2-5pm San Leandro: Festival with art, games, music, and prizes! 11am-3pm AND – if you're looking for something of a different speed that day, join us at the combination Sun Day + Climate Justice Festival + Make Billionaires Pay event happening in Sacramento from 11-5pm on the 21st! Other Events: 9/4  6-7pm: Polluters Pay Youth Walkout Launch Mass Call 9/5-10/5: A new R&B and Hip Hop Musical – The Day the Sky Turned Orange, showing in SF 9/7    2-4pm: Immigrant Rights Ambassador Workshop in Berkeley 9/13  10am-12pm: 350 Silicon Valley's Green Building Tour and More! 9/14  11am-3pm: Indivisible SF Civics-travaganza 9/20  10am-4pm: BaySpark 2025 – Youth Climate and EJ Summit 9/21  9am-3:30pm: 6th Annual Bay Area Youth Climate Summit   The post Attorney Elizabeth Fisher & Author David Obst appeared first on KPFA.

Fluent Fiction - Spanish: Cacti and Reflection: A Botanist's Journey to Balance Find the full episode transcript, vocabulary words, and more:fluentfiction.com/es/episode/2025-09-05-22-34-02-es Story Transcript:Es: El viento soplaba suavemente entre los altos cactus del Jardín de Cactus en Lanzarote.En: The wind blew gently among the tall cacti of the Jardín de Cactus in Lanzarote.Es: Era primavera en el hemisferio sur, y aunque el sol brillaba intensamente, había una brisa ligera que traía consigo un alivio fugaz.En: It was spring in the southern hemisphere, and although the sun shone intensely, there was a light breeze bringing with it a fleeting relief.Es: Esteban, un botánico apasionado, caminaba lentamente.En: Esteban, a passionate botanist, walked slowly.Es: Observaba cada planta con atención.En: He observed each plant attentively.Es: Tenía un amor por las plantas exóticas, y este jardín era su paraíso.En: He had a love for exotic plants, and this garden was his paradise.Es: Luz acompañaba a Esteban.En: Luz accompanied Esteban.Es: Ella era su amiga leal, siempre atenta a sus necesidades.En: She was his loyal friend, always attentive to his needs.Es: Sabía del dolor que él llevaba consigo.En: She knew of the pain he carried with him.Es: Aunque al principio Esteban parecía disfrutar, Luz notó que sus pasos se volvían más lentos.En: Although at first Esteban seemed to enjoy himself, Luz noticed that his steps became slower.Es: Esteban se secaba la frente con frecuencia.En: Esteban wiped his forehead frequently.Es: El jardín era extenso y lleno de maravillas, pero el sol era implacable.En: The garden was extensive and full of wonders, but the sun was relentless.Es: "Esteban, ¿quieres descansar un poco?"En: "Esteban, do you want to rest for a bit?"Es: preguntó Luz preocupada.En: asked Luz worriedly.Es: La sombra de un gran cactus ofrecía un lugar fresco para sentarse.En: The shade of a large cactus offered a cool place to sit.Es: Esteban, determinado a ver todas las plantas, negó con la cabeza.En: Esteban, determined to see all the plants, shook his head.Es: "Estoy bien," afirmó, aunque su rostro mostraba lo contrario.En: "I'm fine," he stated, although his face showed otherwise.Es: Mientras caminaban, el calor se tornó insoportable para Esteban.En: As they walked, the heat became unbearable for Esteban.Es: Cada paso era más pesado.En: Each step was heavier.Es: Cerca de una colección de cactus raros, Esteban se tambaleó y se desplomó al suelo.En: Near a collection of rare cacti, Esteban wobbled and collapsed to the ground.Es: Luz exclamó su nombre, corrió hacia él y trató de reanimarlo.En: Luz exclaimed his name, ran to him, and tried to revive him.Es: "Esteban, respira, por favor," le decía.En: "Esteban, breathe, please," she said to him.Es: Rápidamente, Luz le ofreció agua y lo ayudó a llegar a la sombra.En: Quickly, Luz offered him water and helped him to reach the shade.Es: Allí, con el sonido lejano de la brisa filtrándose entre los cactus, Esteban comenzó a respirar mejor.En: There, with the distant sound of the breeze filtering through the cacti, Esteban began to breathe better.Es: "Gracias, Luz," dijo finalmente, con voz débil pero agradecida.En: "Thank you, Luz," he finally said, with a weak but grateful voice.Es: "De nada, Esteban.En: "You're welcome, Esteban.Es: Debemos cuidar de nosotros mismos.En: We must take care of ourselves.Es: Tu pasión es hermosa, pero no a costa de tu salud," respondió Luz con una sonrisa cálida.En: Your passion is beautiful, but not at the cost of your health," replied Luz with a warm smile.Es: Juntos, miraron las plantas alrededor de ellos.En: Together, they looked at the plants around them.Es: Eran fuertes y resistentes, adaptadas al calor del desierto.En: They were strong and resilient, adapted to the desert heat.Es: Esteban admiró esas cualidades.En: Esteban admired those qualities.Es: Tras descansar un rato, reflexionaron sobre la importancia del equilibrio.En: After resting for a while, they reflected on the importance of balance.Es: La belleza del jardín no solo estaba en sus plantas, sino también en cómo enseñaba a respetar los límites.En: The garden's beauty was not only in its plants but also in how it taught to respect limits.Es: Finalmente, Esteban se recobró y pudo observar el jardín con renovada serenidad.En: Finally, Esteban recovered and was able to observe the garden with renewed serenity.Es: Aprendió que encontrar la paz no solo implica explorar la belleza exterior, sino también entender y respetar el propio cuerpo.En: He learned that finding peace not only involves exploring outer beauty but also understanding and respecting one's own body.Es: Mientras el sol comenzaba a descender, Luz y Esteban caminaron lentamente hacia la salida.En: As the sun began to descend, Luz and Esteban walked slowly towards the exit.Es: El Jardín de Cactus había ofrecido no solo inspiración sino una invaluable lección de vida.En: The Jardín de Cactus had offered not only inspiration but an invaluable life lesson. Vocabulary Words:the wind: el vientothe breeze: la brisathe relief: el aliviothe botanist: el botánicoattentively: con atenciónexotic: exóticasthe shade: la sombradetermined: determinadounbearable: insoportableto wobble: tambalearseto collapse: desplomarseto revive: reanimarweak: débilgrateful: agradecidothe passion: la pasiónresilient: resistentesthe qualities: las cualidadesto reflect: reflexionarthe balance: el equilibriothe peace: la pazto descend: descenderthe inspiration: la inspiracióninvaluable: invaluablethe lesson: la lecciónloyal: lealfrequently: con frecuenciafugitive: fugazthe paradise: el paraísothe desert: el desiertothe heat: el calor

Today on the show: Communities Against Carbon Transport and Injection: a newly formed coalition talks to us about a proposed Carbon Waste pipeline in California. Polluters get paid to dump their waste and a private company gets paid to pipe it through wetlands. Not unique to California, this has caused disaster in Satartia Mississippi, ALL under the guise of addressing climate change. Also, we will speak with Dr, AIsha Jumaan, returns from her recent trip to Yemen. We have an uplifting conversation despite the tragedy that her homeland faces as they stand up for GAZA. And we will close the show with Yazmyn Rahimi, who joins us to share a poem from her Afghan and Colombian roots The post Communities Against Carbon Transport and Injection (CACTI) on A Proposed Carbon Waste Pipeline in California appeared first on KPFA.

What's up dudes? Adam Pope from Wizards! The Podcast Guide to Comics and The Retro Network (Geekster) and William Bruce West from Remember That Show? and West Week Ever are here to talk “Rubik the Amazing Cube!” Yes, this 1983 show capitalized on the craze of the best selling puzzle toy!In ‘Rubik's First Christmas,' the titular cube is traveling through Mexico for Christmas with the Rodriguezes. Their grandma, the town matriarch, is donating toys to all the children. Unfortunately, the truck is hijacked by two young hoodlums, who eventually give it to two thieving tomb raiders.While chasing down the culprits, Rubik accidentally gets mixed up and falls out of the truck. The kids save and solve him just in time. Of course, they fly a prop plane to spot the thieves, and Rubik uses his power to trap them. Eventually, through the power of Lisa's tears, Rubik transports them to the toys, and flies them reindeer-style to be delivered! Cacti? Yep. Spanglish? Check. Enlarged feet? Only if they'll stop some thieves! So grab your guayabera, hit your piñata, and summon your omnipotent alien/imp/genie friend to this episode on ‘Rubik's First Christmas!'Wizards!Twitter: @WizardsComicsIG: @wizards_comicsFB: @TRNsocialGive us a buzz! Send a text, dudes!Check us out on Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, Totally Rad Christmas Mall & Arcade, Teepublic.com, or TotallyRadChristmas.com! Later, dudes!

#344: Kira Jones is a NYC-based content creator and the Founder of Cacti Wellness. She started a blog and an anonymous Instagram about wellness and productivity hacks while working in sales at Equinox in LA. When the pandemic started, she decided to take her passion project full time and fulfill the growing need for virtual, attainable wellness content. In 2021, she launched Cacti Wellness- a productive wellness platform focused on helping ambitious women take care of business while taking care of themselves. Kira is also a content creator on Instagram and TikTok where she shares daily videos on topics spanning lifestyle, wellness, business, and travel.Topics discussed:From working in sales at Equinox, to freelancing, content creator, and creating a full-time businessRealities of early entrepreneur days and not making money in the businessHow to start your morning early (like 5am) and how to prepare the night beforeMaking time for friends, work, and romantic partnerThe issue with comparing potential romantic partners to one another versus your own standards of what you wantWatch Full Episodes on YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/@whatfulfillsyou/videosENJOY 10% OFF THE WHAT FULFILLS YOU? CARD GAME AT www.whatfulfillsyou.com - code "WHATFULFILLSYOU10"Follow the What Fulfills You? Podcast Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/whatfulfillsyouFollow Kira Jones on Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/kirajonesFollow Emily Elizabeth's Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/emilyeduong/Read more on the blog: https://emilyelizabeth.blog/Support this podcast at — https://redcircle.com/what-fulfills-you-podcast/exclusive-contentAdvertising Inquiries: https://redcircle.com/brandsPrivacy & Opt-Out: https://redcircle.com/privacy

This Fourth of July, we're unpacking the irony of a holiday built on freedom—while whiteness continues to rely on control. We explore how white people can move from control to connection using our CACTI model: Compassion, Accountability, Curiosity, Transparency, and Insight. Real freedom doesn't come from dominance—it comes from unlearning.We're also talking about tree shyness—yes, it's a real thing—and the wild experience of watching airplanes land at Madeira's famously intense airport. Come for the reflection, stay for the turbulence.Support the show

Game time! We catch up on a bunch of reviews for new games and expansions -- tune in to find out how much we liked them! And whether Christina ever found her Pringle. Thanks to the publishers for providing review copies. Timeline: New games: 1:30 - The Architects of Amytis. 6:24 - Medieval Academy. 11:41 - Combo. 15:55 - Star Trek: Star Realms. New expansions: 21:45 - Evergreen: Pines and Cacti. 27:52 - Ancient Knowledge: Heritage. 34:44 - Sky Team: Turbulence. 40:31 - Rebel Princess: Happily Never After.

The guys talk about space, Lil Wayne, and childhood crushes. They also power rank guitar solos and debate whether or not people can be addicted to therapy.Follow the show on X/Twitter: @passthegravypod, @AlexJMiddleton, @NotPatDionne, and @RobertBarbosa03

Hayley Stephens is the guests on this episode to talk about rescuing cacti and succulents, the future for houseplants and of course plenty of cacti care tips. Hayley owns Mint Plants in Bristol, and runs the business with her emotional support team member, Mum Tina. Mint Plants has a huge collection of rare, old and interesting plants which can be found at www.mintplants.co.uk Afterwards @mr_plantgeek and @ellenmarygardening gossip about floral design, tattoos and progression in horticulture.    Series 18 is sponsored by British Garden Centres. British Garden Centres are the largest family owned, and family run garden centre group in the UK, with over 70 garden centres. “We aim to provide you with great plants and gardening products at affordable prices, with a first-class service delivered by a passionate team.” – The Stubbs Family.  With garden centres offering plants, food  and gift areas, outdoor living, Christmas departments, restaurants, homeware and so much more. All garden centres are pet friendly, and many welcome coach parties. The business also boasts a variety of retail partners across the group inside each garden centre. www.britishgardencentres.com

We are so excited to feature one of our most favorite houses in our third edition of Fragra-Files, Régime des Fleurs. After launching in 2014, the line has expanded and evolved year over year into one of the most consistently high level luxury perfume brands on the market today. With watery roses, dewy green white florals, and sharp earthy woods, Régime des Fleurs and Alia Raza bring something unique to niche perfumery that is often classic, sometimes mysterious, and always effortlessly chic. Listen as we go through the current lineup, discuss a couple of limited Fait Main releases, and lament a missed opportunity to buy one that was discontinued long ago. Finally, we close the episode with our top 5 picks and we'd love to know a few of yours.Please feel free to email us at hello@fragraphilia.com - Send us questions, comments, or recommendations. We can be found on TikTok and Instagram @fragraphilia(00:00) - - Intro (01:20) - - Little Flower (04:17) - - Jade Vines (08:36) - - La-Bas (13:06) - - Himitsu Violets (17:21) - - Fleur Eclair (21:15) - - Crushed Fruits (25:42) - - Toor Toor (30:28) - - Tears (33:40) - - Rock River Melody (40:18) - - Falling Trees (45:16) - - Oud Dukhan (47:39) - - Cacti (49:46) - - Nitesurf Neroli (55:07) - - Glass Blooms (01:01:12) - - Green Vanille (01:05:30) - - Gold Leaves, Fauna, and Gold Smoke (01:11:54) - - Our Rankings

The odds of encountering a prickly pear cactus (Opuntia spp.) in your lifetime is high no matter where you live. That is how abundant, diverse, and charismatic these cacti truly are. For all of their intrigue, so much about these spiny succulents remains a mystery. Trying to understand their diversity is fraught with challenges, both physical and academic, but that hasn't dissuaded people like Dr. Lucas Majure. Join us for a fascinating dive into the world of prickly pear cacti diversity and evolution. This episode was produced in part by Elle, Steve, Cassie, Chuck, Aaron, Gillian, Abi, Rich, Shad, Maddie, Owen, Linda, Alana, Sigma, Max, Richard, Maia, Rens, David, Robert, Thomas, Valerie, Joan, Mohsin Kazmi Photography, Cathy, Simon, Nick, Paul, Charis, EJ, Laura, Sung, NOK, Stephen, Heidi, Kristin, Luke, Sea, Shannon, Thomas, Will, Jamie, Waverly, Brent, Tanner, Rick, Kazys, Dorothy, Katherine, Emily, Theo, Nichole, Paul, Karen, Randi, Caelan, Tom, Don, Susan, Corbin, Keena, Robin, Peter, Whitney, Kenned, Margaret, Daniel, Karen, David, Earl, Jocelyn, Gary, Krysta, Elizabeth, Southern California Carnivorous Plant Enthusiasts, Pattypollinators, Peter, Judson, Ella, Alex, Dan, Pamela, Peter, Andrea, Nathan, Karyn, Michelle, Jillian, Chellie, Linda, Laura, Miz Holly, Christie, Carlos, Paleo Fern, Levi, Sylvia, Lanny, Ben, Lily, Craig, Sarah, Lor, Monika, Brandon, Jeremy, Suzanne, Kristina, Christine, Silas, Michael, Aristia, Felicidad, Lauren, Danielle, Allie, Jeffrey, Amanda, Tommy, Marcel, C Leigh, Karma, Shelby, Christopher, Alvin, Arek, Chellie, Dani, Paul, Dani, Tara, Elly, Colleen, Natalie, Nathan, Ario, Laura, Cari, Margaret, Mary, Connor, Nathan, Jan, Jerome, Brian, Azomonas, Ellie, University Greens, Joseph, Melody, Patricia, Matthew, Garrett, John, Ashley, Cathrine, Melvin, OrangeJulian, Porter, Jules, Griff, Joan, Megan, Marabeth, Les, Ali, Southside Plants, Keiko, Robert, Bryce, Wilma, Amanda, Helen, Mikey, Michelle, German, Joerg, Cathy, Tate, Steve, Kae, Carole, Mr. Keith Santner, Lynn, Aaron, Sara, Kenned, Brett, Jocelyn, Ethan, Sheryl, Runaway Goldfish, Ryan, Chris, Alana, Rachel, Joanna, Lori, Paul, Griff, Matthew, Bobby, Vaibhav, Steven, Joseph, Brandon, Liam, Hall, Jared, Brandon, Christina, Carly, Kazys, Stephen, Katherine, Manny, doeg, Daniel, Tim, Philip, Tim, Lisa, Brodie, Bendix, Irene, holly, Sara, and Margie.

Two poorly placed cacti more than 50 years ago have turned into a full-scale invasion. It's prompting calls for people to dispose of their cacti safely to avoid a very prickly problem.

We're sunning ourselves in the Arizona desert just to find something new to complain about.

If you're thinking about a vacation, why not consider Mexico?Canada and Mexico's involvement in Trump's idiotic trade war is the impetus for this week's episode of The Growing Season.  Matt is spitting mad and he unloads on The President Of The United States.  Discussions of politics abound...What are the temperatures like in Mexico, currently?  What about hardiness zones?The average amount of precipitation in Mexico is compared to Ontario's. Cacti and their presence in Mexico's landscape is discussed. You WILL NOT BELIEVE what was invented in Mexico.  Its absolutely not on your bingo card. How is it that the Aztecs, Mayans and Incas all building similar structures at the same time?   Was there outside interference? Like from the stars?Speaking of The Aztecs, their legendary floating gardens are explored.   How was this achieved? Mexican flowers, both annual and perennial are discussed.  Passion flower, bird of paradise and poinsettia are just some of the flowers mentioned. Mexican surfing is a big deal.Volcanoes and horticulture are briefly discussed.   Mexico's coral reefs are highlighted. The Gulf of Connor McDavid - that's the most important factoid from this week's show.Tune in. Looking to book a consult for your property?  We'd love to help.  CLICK HERE.What is a TGS Tiny Garden? CLICK HERE.Subscribe to The Growing Season podcast.  CLICK HERE.

Original broadcast archive page with expanded content https://rosieonthehouse.com/podcast/outdoor-living-hour-notes-from-the-nursery-and-bestcactitogrow-with-jay-harper/

Show Notes: Join the crew at Turn Left at the Cactus Podcast as they celebrate San Felipe's centennial through a summary of its historical journey and iconic landmarks like the Valley of the Giants. This episode revisits a past episode (a remix of an old Fork--we've come a long way, baby!), delving into the region's cultural and economic significance and the captivating tale of a 20-ton Cardon cactus. Uncover the unique blend of history and resilience that defines our vibrant desert town of San Felipe along the Sea of Cortez. And, the question remains...palm trees or Cardons? Key Points: • San Felipe celebrates its centennial history. • Discover the Valley of the Giants and towering cacti. • Explore Baja California's cultural and ecological richness. • Unveil the tale of the World's Fair Cardone cactus. • Cardone cacti's contribution to desert life. TO SUPPORT TURN LEFT AT THE CACTUS Please LIKE, SUBSCRIBE, REVIEW, and FOLLOW us on FaceBook and--especially on your favorite podcast host! And, please share us with your friends. This helps people who want to know more about the area find us. And, we wouldn't say no to a propina  (a tip) at: ⁠⁠⁠http://www.ko-fi.com turnleftatthecactus⁠⁠⁠ ! Muchisimas Gracias! If you, your organization, or, your business would like to sponsor an episode, please email us at cactusleft@gmail.com.--or--DM us via FB Messenger or What'sAp. *We choose our sponsors very carefully. If you hear us talking about products or services it's because we have tried the product or service, and, can vouch for it.* If your organization or business has an event that you'd like us to mention, please email us at cactusleft@gmail.com.--or--DM us via FB Messenger or What'sAp. Thanks for listening! Cal & Tricia Your Co-Hosts, *The views expressed by our guests may not necessarily be ours. However, we respect the right of others to hold whatever beliefs they my choose to have.* To learn more about the author, Marnie J Ross and her mystery book series, go to: https://marniejross.wpcomstaging.com To contact El Dorado Ranch real estate agent, Rachel Fraser, you can find her on Facebook at: Rachel Fraser--at El Dorado Ranch, San Felipe, B.C.

In this powerful episode, we explore Dr. Martin Luther King Jr.'s legacy through the lens of our CACTI model, focusing on Compassion vs. Politeness. We discuss how Dr. King's approach to justice and humanity emphasized the courage to act with true compassion—speaking hard truths, challenging the status quo, and dismantling systems of oppression.Join us as we unpack the difference between compassion, which seeks meaningful change, and politeness, which often prioritizes comfort over progress. We reflect on what Dr. King's teachings mean for us today and how we can lead with compassionate courage in our lives and workplaces.

Fluent Fiction - Catalan: Secrets Among the Cacti: A Tale of Friendship and Redemption Find the full episode transcript, vocabulary words, and more:fluentfiction.com/ca/episode/2025-01-19-23-34-01-ca Story Transcript:Ca: Al matí, Montserrat caminava pels sinuosos camins del Jardí Botànic de Barcelona.En: In the morning, Montserrat walked along the winding paths of the Jardí Botànic de Barcelona.Ca: L'hivern havia cobert les plantes amb una capa fina de gel, afegint brillantor al paisatge.En: The winter had covered the plants in a thin layer of ice, adding a sparkle to the landscape.Ca: Els cants dels ocells trencaven el silenci donant vida a aquest racó de la ciutat.En: The songs of birds broke the silence, bringing life to this corner of the city.Ca: Montserrat estimava aquest lloc; les plantes eren les seves amistats fidels, un refugi de la seva solitud.En: Montserrat loved this place; the plants were her faithful friends, a refuge from her solitude.Ca: Un dia, mentre inspeccionava una col·lecció de cactus, va veure un moviment a l'hivernacle.En: One day, while inspecting a collection of cacti, she saw movement in the greenhouse.Ca: Era estrany, ja que cap visitant no hi hauria d'estar.En: It was strange, as no visitor should have been there.Ca: Curiosa, es va apropar sigil·losament, essent més silenciosa que el vent que acariciava les fulles.En: Curious, she approached stealthily, quieter than the wind caressing the leaves.Ca: Allà, entre les ombres de les plantes tropicals, va descobrir Oriol.En: There, among the shadows of the tropical plants, she discovered Oriol.Ca: Oriol, un vell amic del col·legi, estava visiblement trasbalsat quan la va veure.En: Oriol, an old college friend, was visibly shaken when he saw her.Ca: Sense saber com havia arribat a aquella situació, Montserrat va comprendre ràpidament que Oriol s'amagava.En: Without knowing how he had come to this situation, Montserrat quickly understood that Oriol was hiding.Ca: Havia sentit rumors d'un incident en la seva anterior feina, però mai hauria imaginat que es refugiaria allà.En: She had heard rumors of an incident at his previous job, but she never would have imagined he would find refuge there.Ca: "Montserrat, no hauria de ser aquí", va murmurar Oriol, amb la veu esquerdada.En: "Montserrat, I should not be here," Oriol murmured, his voice cracked.Ca: Ella li va tocar l'espatlla suaument.En: She gently touched his shoulder.Ca: "Oriol, què passa? Puc ajudar-te?"En: "Oriol, what's going on? Can I help you?"Ca: Oriol va explicar la seva història.En: Oriol explained his story.Ca: Un error al seu antic treball havia causat més problemes del que podia suportar.En: A mistake at his old job had caused more problems than he could bear.Ca: Amb por i confusió, havia trobat l'únic recer entre les plantes del jardí d'un amic de la seva infància.En: With fear and confusion, he had found the only refuge among the plants in the garden of a childhood friend.Ca: "Necessites ajuda", va insistir Montserrat, "no pots seguir amagant-te aquí per sempre."En: "You need help," insisted Montserrat, "you can't keep hiding here forever."Ca: Oriol es va resistir inicialment.En: Oriol initially resisted.Ca: El seu temor d'enfrontar-se al passat era humà, però Montserrat no estava disposada a deixar-li rendir-se.En: His fear of facing the past was human, but Montserrat was not willing to let him give up.Ca: Va decidir que necessitava fer alguna cosa.En: She decided something needed to be done.Ca: "T'asseguro que podem trobar solucions", va dir Montserrat amb fermesa, "trobarem algú que pugui ajudar-te."En: "I assure you we can find solutions," said Montserrat firmly, "we'll find someone who can help you."Ca: Després d'alguns dies de converses i dubtes, Oriol va dues reserves i finalment va fer una trucada.En: After some days of conversations and doubts, Oriol made a couple of calls and finally reached out.Ca: Amb la guia de Montserrat, es va posar en contacte amb un antic company de feina de confiança.En: With Montserrat's guidance, he contacted a former trustworthy coworker.Ca: Aquell gest, petit però valent, va ser l'inici del camí cap a la reconciliació.En: That gesture, small but brave, was the beginning of the path to reconciliation.Ca: La setmana següent, amb el suport de Montserrat, Oriol es va reunir amb el seu antic company.En: The following week, with Montserrat's support, Oriol met with his former colleague.Ca: Van parlar llargament, obrint la porta a un nou començament.En: They spoke at length, opening the door to a new beginning.Ca: Amb l'ajuda d'una investigació interna, la veritat va sortir a la llum, i el malentès es va aclarir.En: With the help of an internal investigation, the truth came to light, and the misunderstanding was cleared up.Ca: Aquell hivern, el Jardí Botànic va ser testimoni de més que l'enfloriment de les flors hivernals.En: That winter, the Jardí Botànic witnessed more than the blooming of winter flowers.Ca: Va veure la renovació de la valentia i la força de dos amics.En: It saw the renewal of courage and strength in two friends.Ca: Montserrat va aprendre que valia la pena arriscar-se per aquells que li importaven, i Oriol va trobar el coratge per encarar el seu passat i avançar.En: Montserrat learned that it was worth taking risks for those she cared about, and Oriol found the courage to face his past and move forward.Ca: Amb l'arribada de la primavera, Oriol va començar una nova vida, reunit amb la seva família i en pau amb ell mateix.En: With the arrival of spring, Oriol began a new life, reunited with his family and at peace with himself.Ca: Montserrat, amb el cor més lleuger, va continuar treballant entre les seves estimades plantes, sabent que havia fet un amic una mica més fort.En: Montserrat, with a lighter heart, continued working among her beloved plants, knowing she had made a friend a little stronger.Ca: Sóc part del jardí, on l'esperança sempre torna a florir.En: I am part of the garden, where hope always blooms again. Vocabulary Words:the morning: el matíthe path: el camíwinding: sinuososthe layer: la capasparkle: brillantorthe silence: el silencithe corner: el racófaithful: fidelsthe solitude: la solitudthe greenhouse: l'hivernacleto approach: apropar-sestealthily: sigil·losamentto caress: acariciarthe shadow: l'ombrato discover: descobrirvisibly: visiblementshaken: trasbalsatto understand: comprendrethe shoulder: l'espatllacracked: esquerdadato bear: suportarthe refuge: el recerto hide: amagar-seto resist: resistirthe courage: el coratgeto guide: guiarthe misunderstanding: el malentèsto reconcile: reconciliar-seto renew: renovarto bloom: florir

Holiday Cacti full Jacob Burns discusses the care and differences for the various holiday named cacti. 60 Sat, 21 Dec 2024 13:00:47 +0000 5lazUXwF4VUryyuxpiKmBdgOiQpspDpk environment,gardening,home and garden,audacy news best,news Gardening Tips on WBBM Newsradio environment,gardening,home and garden,audacy news best,news Holiday Cacti Tips on maintaining your garden, plants and flowers year-round.   2024 © 2021 Audacy, Inc. News False https://player.amperwavepodcasting.com?feed-link=https%3A%2F%2Frss.amperwave.ne

 In this episode, we dive into the CACTI model—Curiosity, Accountability, Compassion, Transparency, and Insight—and explore how these principles can help you shift from control to connection in both your professional and personal life. We'll unpack the opposites of each principle, such as Compassion vs. Politeness and Curiosity vs. Judgment, to show how small shifts can lead to profound changes in relationships and leadership. Whether you're striving to build trust at work or deepen personal connections, this episode offers actionable steps and reflections to guide your journey toward authentic engagement and meaningful connection. 

Watering blooming holiday cacti is a bit tricky. Amanda McNulty offers helpful tips to keep your plant happy and healthy year-round.

The "leaves" of Thanksgiving and Christmas cacti are not really leaves.

Amanda McNulty shares helpful tips to ensure your Thanksgiving and Christmas cacti bloom beautifully

Amanda McNulty describes the leaf difference on these two epiphytes, and why caring for them is distinctly different than nurturing their desert-dwelling cousins.

Jeff revisits his disdain for poinsettias while introducing some great winter alternatives: holiday cacti. He breaks down various cacti for Thanksgiving, Christmas, and Easter, highlighting how shortening days and cool nights trigger their growth. Jonathan adds that amaryllis are also superb holiday plants.After the break, the team discusses ways to care for a lawn in winter, particularly in places that don't get much snow but experience prolonged deep frosts.Finally, they address a listener question about the benefits of growing regionally adapted seeds.All this and more on this episode of "Teaming with Microbes."**********************************************Have a question? Let us know at teamingwithmicrobes@me.comPlant a row for the hungry/Read Teaming With Microbes, Teaming With Nutrients and Teaming With Fungi!Thanks to our sponsors:Big Foot MicrobesNumber 2 Organics made in partnership with Malibu CompostDown To Earth All Natural Fertilizers The Teaming with Microbes Podcast is edited and produced with original music by Pod Peak.  Special thanks to the Anchorage Daily News for hosting the show!

Can you figure out who's lying about cacti? For more great shows visit GZMshows.com. To hear all episodes of The Big Fib ad-free subscribe now. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Subscribe Apple | Google | Spotify | Stitcher | iHeart Support The Daily Gardener Buy Me A Coffee  Connect for FREE! The Friday Newsletter |  Daily Gardener Community Botanical History On This Day 1849 A most extraordinary presentation took place at Windsor Castle. Imagine, if you will, standing in the grand halls of Windsor Castle as Joseph Paxton (PAX-ton) presented a massive leaf and exquisite blossom of the Victoria Amazonica (vik-TOR-ee-ah am-uh-ZON-ih-kuh) to the Queen. The moment was so moving that Her Majesty enthusiastically declared, "We are immensely pleased." 1909 The Secretary of Agriculture James Wilson (WIL-sun) sent what seemed like a routine notification to the plant industry office in Seattle. Little did anyone know this simple message would set in motion one of the most delicate diplomatic situations in early 20th-century American-Japanese relations. Grow That Garden Library™  Read The Daily Gardener review of The Kew Gardener's Guide to Growing Cacti and Succulents by the Royal Botanic Gardens Kew and Paul Rees Buy the book on Amazon: The Kew Gardener's Guide to Growing Cacti and Succulents by the Royal Botanic Gardens Kew and Paul Rees Today's Botanic Spark 1989 The Sarasota Herald-Tribune published a story that lifted the veil on the shadowy world of rare orchid trading. The article focused on Limerick Inc. and an alleged smuggling operation of endangered Chinese orchids to Florida - but the real story runs much deeper into the heart of orchid obsession. The tale of Kerry Richards and his nursery, Limerick Inc., reads like a botanical thriller. Thanks for listening to The Daily Gardener And remember: For a happy, healthy life, garden every day.

Bring festive cheer to your home with colorful winter-blooming houseplants! In this episode, we cover everything you need to know to keep popular holiday plants like poinsettias, amaryllis, and Christmas cacti healthy and vibrant. From care tips and troubleshooting advice to the history behind these winter bloomers, we've got you covered for a thriving, festive indoor garden. For resources, links, a transcript, and more be sure to visit our website at https://evergreenthumb.mastergardenerfoundation.org/episode034/

This week the HortWeek Podcast meets Imogen Bell, supervisor at Thomson's Garden Centre and a YPHA Southeast regional coordinatorIn her article for HortWeek 'Despite CITES, not all doom and gloom for houseplant sales' Imogen reflects on how the reinterpretation of CITES "meant practically a third of my stock became unavailable overnight". One of the "Brexit benefits" often quoted was the possibility that more friction across the borders would encourage clients to buy British and boost British-grown plants. As tightening border controls cause unprecedented chaos at BCPs Imogen might be feeling a degree of relief that she took the decision to switch to British houseplant nurseries months ago."Cacti, carnivorous plants, the majority of orchids... it's almost impossible to import, which is obviously quite a large part of most houseplant departments."Luckily, I was already having looking into UK growers after Brexit - just in case anything got super difficult to import. And at the same time a lot of UK nurseries then opened up to garden centres - Oppenman's plants, Double H, Hills Brothers all opened up to garden centres about the same time.I was already ordering from them so I just got to order in much higher volume.The only plants she's struggled with are more unusual orchids, she says, but initiatives such as Horti House which allows nurseries to trade as one unit is helping."You get some great nurseries in there like Dibley's who do Streptocarpus and Begonia.. and where before you would have to order either half a trolley or a whole trolley, you can now just order by the tray which means you can get a good range of more unusual things without having to kind of put all your eggs in one basket with a specific supplier."She talks about the challenge of competing with supermarkets with their economies of scale, "but on the other hand, I think if you look at any supermarket at their house plant department, it is all half-dead... where garden centers and other plant shops really stand out is the level of knowledge and customer service they can offer".At Thomson's she has added labels showing the air miles for plants on sale: "I'd like to introduce UK suppliers and just extend that so you can say this orchid or Monstera or whatever has come from 40 miles away and it's come from this nursery and it's a family -run business. I think it just adds to the value of the plant to be able to give it that origin."It surprises her that, given the huge rise in popularity of houseplants in recent years, many garden centres fail to put on a good display.New trends she is seeing include Marimo moss balls. They grow like a couple of millimetres a year. But for some reason they were flying off the shelves." The appeal for many customers she says, are plants that "thrive off neglect".On peat-free, Imogen says customers are asking for it and garden centres are moving in that direction, ban or no ban. "Horti House is peat-free and again out of necessity I guess the other ones will come into line" she says.On peat-free composts, she says: "I've noticed more and more people are mixing their own soils. So instead of just getting a packet off the shelf, they're buying a base and then they're buying perlite or coir or coco husk and then blending it for the specific plant".And will the houseplant boom continue?"I'm not sure we'll quite get the sky high sales we had during the lockdowns...They've plateaued since, but the interest is consistent. I don't think house plants will go away." Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

Send us a textAutumnal greetings! The three horror shows of humour return with talk of cat / dog translations, cosmic jokes, claws, eunuchs, being locked in a closet, there's the return of Poetry Corner, the desert, Halloween season, Freddy Krueger, classic horror baddies, Gomez Addams, Hannibal Lecter, liver, lava beans, the Invisible Man, Child's Play, ginger people, killer toys, violent dreams, a house brick, big heads, we're going off to Germany in Far Off Foreign Affairs from Afar, graphic opera, raccoons, a prickly mayor, CACTI!, absinthe, laced sofas, swearing, uptalk?, catchphrases, Gordon Ramsay, making an omelette, BDSM, there's a *technical glitch*, Tom makes a baddy, and THERE'S MUCH MORE! Oh, and....Tom's Audience Intercommunication is where you have your say... get in touch on Facebook, Instagram, X (@YourselfJasmine), or send us a text (see above). You might get a Show Yourself Mr. Jasmine beer mat!You know it's the thing to do! Enjoy the show!

Tyler Herrick joins Erin and Monte to preview the Packers-Cardinals game. They talk containing Kyler Murray, how they feel about the Packers defense, and gauge the state of the locker room after the Romeo Doubs "incident". Plus, they name strip clubs for teams around the league! --- Support this podcast: https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/game-on-wisconsin/support

In Episode 8, join me in conversation with conservation scientist Dr. Bárbara Goettsch from Mexico. Barbara has a background in botany, a PhD in Ecology and Conservation Biology from the University of Sheffield and is co-chair of the IUCN Special Survival Commission Cactus and Succulent Plants Specialist Group. Bárbara is also a mum, a biodancer and a therapeutic masseuse. In this episode Bárbara invites us into her world, the vast and diverse desert ecosystems that host such rich biodiversity, and she takes us behind the scenes of the IUCN Red List for threatened species assessment process. We talk desert fog, climate change and what it feels like to meet some of the iconic cactus species she has studied in the wild for the first time. We chat about the importance of human connection in catalysing conservation action, Bárbara's passion for dance, and how we can embrace both science and our own spirituality in an ever deepening relationship and understanding of the natural world.  I hope this conversation inspires you and sparks your curiosity to discover more about these remarkable desert ecosystems and the wondrous plants that have evolved to thrive in such extreme environments. Follow the show You can follow Unearthing Wild Wonders on your preferred platform of choice and if you enjoy the podcast, please consider leaving a rating, a review or perhaps share it with a friend who you think will enjoy it too. Mentions and resources IUCN SSC Cactus and Succulent Plants Specialist Group (website) ⁠IUCN SSC Cactus and Succulent Plant Specialist Group ⁠ (instagram) Elevated extinction risk of cacti under climate change Biodanza UK Connect with Bárbara Linked In Instagram @barbara_goettsch Follow Nicky Instagram: @nickyjenner_hawksdawn where you can also see pictures of some of the cactus species mentioned. Website and newsletter: www.hawksdawn.co.uk Music © Rachel Catherine: linktr.ee/rachelmusic

Cacti are among the world's most threatened species. Jared Margulies research led him to the extraordinary illegal trade in these plants. Hear him talk about his work and his book The Cactus Hunters. Who are stealing the cacti and where are they taking them?You can click the Buy Me A Coffee link here or on the website to buy a virtual coffee and join the crew and get a shout out. Everyone shares their stories for free and I make it because I love it but there are costs like the hosting platform and the editing programmes etc. Buy Me A Coffee THANK YOU!Our Plant Stories is presented and produced by Sally FlatmanThe music is Fade to Black by Howard LevyCan I share my plant story with you? YES PLEASE! I called this OUR Plant Stories for a reason and that is that I love to hear from listeners wherever you are in the world!You can email me Sally@ourplantstories.com and tell me your plant story. That's all you need to do - I'll do the rest. I'll work out who we can talk to. Can we find someone who shares your passion for the plant, they maybe in the same country as you or the other side of the world. Mentioned in this episode:Follow, Rate and Review Our Plant StoriesFollow podcast

How does capitalism tap into our desires with the promise of objects to satisfy us? Yet when we possess them, the urge for something new reemerges. Geographer Jared Marguiles attempts to explain that paradox by looking at some of most endangered, and coveted, species in world: cacti. He examines the market for succulents and the collectors who drive it, including the strange illicit trade in legally available cacti. (Encore presentation.) Resources: Jared D. Margulies, The Cactus Hunters: Desire and Extinction in the Illicit Succulent Trade University of Minnesota Press, 2023 The post Looting Cacti appeared first on KPFA.

Host Jane Perrone visits Daniel and Jo Jackson at Ottershaw Cacti in Surrey to find out about their incredible collection of plants, and a Q&A on growing venus flytraps under growlights. For full show notes and a transcipt visit www.janeperrone.com/on-the-ledge/ottershaw-cacti  Sign up for The Plant Ledger, my email newsletter about the houseplant scene: https://www.janeperrone.com/ledger Check out Legends of the Leaf, my book on houseplants and my houseplant cards Houseplant Gardener in a Box here. Support On The Ledge on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/ontheledge Follow Jane Perrone on Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/j.l.perrone Join the Houseplant Fans of On The Ledge group on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/groups/house...

Part 1 of Episode 150! Yay!! And now for something completely different. This episode is a bit of a departure from our regular show. We invite Alex Criddle and Cody Noconi, researchers into the psychedelic origins of Mormonism, to respond to the recent debate on the Mormon Book Reviews channel between ourselves and Mormon apologist, Brian Hales. Brian attempts to provide the apologetic response to the theory that Joseph Smith utilized psychedelics (entheogens) in the early history of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints in order to facilitate visionary experiences for the early Saints. Disinformation requires much greater effort than simply stating information so we do our best to debunk his debunking (rebunk the theory?). This one is a long haul so we split it into 2 episodes to make it a little more digestible.   Show notes: Video version: https://youtu.be/3l0L1EHtQOo Support our research and outreach: https://www.patreon.com/SeerStonedProductions Original here: Psychedelics & Early Mormonism Theory Brian Hales Responds on Mormon Book Reviews https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uE7J0y_cPpg Further information: “The Higher Powers of Man” - Frederick M. Smith was a prophet of the RLDS Mormons and paternal grandson of the founder Joseph Smith. In 1918 Frederick published this Ph.D. dissertation breaking down altered states of consciousness from an early psychologist's perspective, specifically, religious states of ‘ecstacy' as he called it. A lengthy chapter devoted to peyote is particularly worth reading. “The Higher Powers: Fred M - Smith and the Peyote Ceremonies” - Shelby Barnes' 1995 paper highlighting the curious psychedelic interests of Frederick M. Smith. While Barnes does not make any direct connections to Joseph Smith and psychedelics, Barnes does note that Frederick's interests were an attempt to find the reliable keys to visionary revelation that his grandfather Joseph had demonstrated. “Restoration and the Sacred Mushroom”  - Dr. Robert Beckstead's seminal research paper presented at the August 2007 Sunstone Symposium. Beckstead's paper was the first to propose the possibility that Joseph Smith used psychedelics to facilitate visionary experiences. “A 1920's Harvard Psychedelic Circle with a Mormon Connection: Peyote Use amongst the Harvard Aesthetes” Alan Piper's 2016 paper highlighting Frederick M. Smith's interest in psychedelics, and how as a standing Mormon prophet Fred was funding a 1920s group of Harvard students with peyote. “Revelation Through Hallucination: A discourse on the Joseph Smith-entheogen theory” - Bryce Blankenagel and Cody Noconi's 2017 follow-up paper further explores the hypothesis originally put forward by Dr. Robert Beckstead a decade earlier. “The Entheogenic Origins of Mormonism: A Working Hypothesis” - Dr. Robert Beckstead, Bryce Blankenagel, Cody Noconi, and Michael Winkelman's paper published in the Journal of Psychedelic Studies in June 2019. This was the first paper on the subject published in an academic journal. “Visions, Mushrooms, Fungi, Cacti, and Toads: Joseph Smith's Reported Use of Entheogens” Brian Hales' 2020 response paper to the one published in the Journal of Psychedelic Studies. As a believing Mormon engaged in academic apologetics, Hales details what he perceives to be holes in the proposed hypothesis. “The Psychedelic History of Mormonism, Magic, and Drugs” - Cody Noconi's book published in 2021. “Psychedelics as a Means of Revelation in Early and Contemporary Mormonism (Part 1)” Alex Criddle's 2023 paper that was originally presented at the Forms of Psychedelic Life conference at UC Berkeley (April 14-15, 2023). “Psychedelics as a Means of Revelation in Early and Contemporary Mormonism (Part 2)” A continuation of Alex Criddle's 2023 paper. “A Real Spiritual High: In Defense of Psychedelic Mysticism” An enlightening philosophical essay from Alex Criddle. Bibliography and further reading: The Varieties of Religious Experience, by William James The Higher Powers of Man, by Frederick M. Smith The Magus, by Francis Barrett  A Key to Physic, and the Occult Sciences, by Ebenezer Sibly Hearts Made Glad: The Charges of Intemperance Against Joseph Smith the Mormon Prophet, by Lamar Peterson The Seven Sisters of Sleep, by Mordecai Cubitt Cooke The Encylopedia of Psychoactive Plants: Ethnopharmacology and Its Applications, by Christian Rátsch Plants of the Gods: Their Sacred, Healing, and Hallucinogenic Powers, by Richard Evans Shultes, Albert Hoffman, and Christian Rátsch The Dictionary of Sacred and Magical Plants, by Christian Rátsch Witchcraft Medicine: Healing Arts, Shamanic Practices, and Forbidden Plants, by Claudia Muller-Ebeling, Christian Rátsch, and Wolf-Dieter Storl Sex, Drugs, Violence and the Bible, by Chris Bennett and Neil McQueen Liber 420: Cannabis, Magickal Herbs and the Occult, by Chris Bennett Cannabis: Lost Sacrament of the Ancient World, by Chris Bennett Plants of the Devil, by Corinne Boyer The Immortality Key: The Secret History of the Religion with No Name, by Brian C. Muraresku Veneficium: Magic Witchcraft, and the Poison Path, by Daniel A. Schulke Thirteen Pathways of Occult Herbalism, by Daniel A. Schulke The Botany and Chemistry of Hallucinogens, by Richard Evans Shultes and Albert Hoffman Where the Gods Reign: Plants and Peoples of the Colombian Amazon, by Richard Evans Shultes Vine of the Soul: Medicine Men, Their Plants and Rituals in the Colombian Amazonia, by Richard Evans Shultes and Robert F. Raffauf Ethnobotany: Evolution of a Discipline, Richard Evans Shultes and Siri von Reis Persephone's Quest: Entheogens and the Origins of Religion, by Jonathan Ott, R. Gordon Wasson, Stella Kramrisch, and Carl A. P. Ruck Pharmacotheon: Entheogenic Drugs, Their Plant Sources and History, by Jonathan Ott Plant Intoxicants: a Classic Text on the Use of Mind-Altering Plants, by Ernst Bibra and Jonathan Ott Age of Entheogens & the Angels' Dictionary, by Jonathan Ott Drugs of the Dreaming: Oneirogens: Salvia Divinorum and Other Dream-Enhancing Plants, by Jonathan Ott, Gianluca Toro, and Benjamin Thomas The Road to Eleusis, by R. Gordon Wasson, Albert Hofmann, Carl A. P. Ruck, Huston Smith Sacred Knowledge: Psychedelics and Religious Experiences, by William A. Richards Entheogens, Myth, and Human Consciousness, by Carl A.P. Ruck and Mark Alwin Hoffman Mushrooms, Myth and Mithras: The Drug Cult that Civilized Europe, by Carl A.P. Ruck, Mark Alwin Hoffman and Jose Alfredo Gonzalez Celdran Sacred Mushrooms of the Goddess: Secrets of Eleusis, by Carl A.P. Ruck The Apples of Apollo: Pagan and Christian Mysteries of the Eucharist, by Carl A.P. Ruck, Clark Heinrich, and Blaise Daniel Staples Psychedelic Mystery Traditions: Sacred Plants, Magical Practices, Ecstatic States, by Thomas Hatsis The Witches' Ointment: The Secret History of Psychedelic Magic, by Thomas Hatsis Alchemically Stoned: The Psychedelic Secret of Freemasonry, by PD Newman Angels in Vermillion: The Philosophers' Stone: From Dee to DMT, by PD Newman Theurgy: Theory and Practice: The Mysteries of the Ascent to the Divine, by PD Newman The Psychedelic History of Mormonism, Magic, and Drugs, by Cody Noconi Magic Mushrooms in Religion and Alchemy, by Clark Heinrich Psychedelic Medicine, by Richard Miller Mushroom Medicine: The Healing Power of Psilocybin & Sacred Entheogen History, by Brian Jackson The Religious Experience: It's Production and Interpretation., by Timothy Leary Cleansing the Doors of Perception: The Religious Significance of Entheogenic Plants and Chemicals, by Huston Smith The Psychedelic Explorer's Guide, by James Fadiman Psilocybin Mushrooms of the World: An Identification Guide, by Paul Stamets Soma: divine mushroom of immortality, by Robert Gordon Wasson The Philosophy of Natural Magic, by Heinrich Cornelius Agrippa Dwellers on the Threshold; Or Magic and Magicians, with Some Illustrations of Human Error and Imposture, by John Maxwell The History of Magic, by Eliphas Levi Encyclopedia of Freemasonry and Its Kindred Sciences, by Albert Mackey The German Sectarians of Pennsylvania, by Julius F. Sachse God on Psychedelics: Tripping Across the Rubble of Old-Time Religion, by Don Lattin The Peyote Effect: From the Inquisition to the War on Drugs, byAlexander Dawson The Psychedelic Experience: A Manual Based on The Tibetan Book of the Dead, by Timothy Leary, Ralph Metzne, and Richard Alpert Entheogens and the Future of Religion, by Robert Forte How To Change Your Mind, by Michael Pollan The Harvard Psychedelic Club: How Timothy Leary, Ram Dass, Huston Smith, and Andrew Weil Killed the Fifties and Ushered in a New Age for America by Don Lattin Psychedelic Drugs Reconsidered, by James B. Bakalar and Lester Grinspoon The Peyote Cult, by Weston LaBarre DMT: The Spirit Molecule: A Doctor's Revolutionary Research into the Biology of Near-Death and Mystical Experiences, by Rick Stassman A Hallucinogenic Tea Laced With Controversy, by Marlene Dobkin de Rios and Roger Rumrrill Occurrence and Use of Hallucinogenic Mushrooms Containing Psilocybin Alkaloids, by Jakob Kristinsson and Jørn Gry Psychedelics Encyclopedia, by Peter G Stafford Neuropsychedelia: The Revival of Hallucinogen Research Since the Decade of the Brain, by Nicolas Langlitz Stairways To Heaven: Drugs In American Religious History, by Robert W. Fuller Mescaline: A Global History of the First Psychedelic, by Mike Jay DMT and the Soul of Prophecy: A New Science of Spiritual Revelation in the Hebrew Bible, by Rick Strassman Liquid Light: Ayahuasca Spirituality and the Santo Daime Tradition, by G. William Barnar Distilled Spirits: Getting High, Then Sober, with a Famous Writer, a Forgotten Philosopher, and a Hopeless Drunk, by Don Lattin The Mystery of Manna: The Psychedelic Sacrament of the Bible, by Dan Merkur Psychedelic Sacrament: Manna, Meditation and Mystical Experience, by Dan Merkur LSD and the Divine Scientist: The Final Thoughts and Reflections of Albert Hofmann, by Albert Hoffman The Doors of Perception, by Aldous Huxley Changing Our Minds: Psychedelic Sacraments and the New Psychotherapy, by Don Lattin LSD: Doorway to the Numinous: The Groundbreaking Psychedelic Research into Realms of the Human Unconscious, by Stanislav Grof LSD and the Mind of the Universe by Christopher Bache Plant Teachers: Ayahuasca, Tobacco, and the Pursuit of Knowledge by Jeremy Narby and Rafael Chanchari Pizuri Visionary Vine: Psychedelic Healing in the Peruvian Amazon by Marlene Dobkin de Rios The Antipodes of the Mind by Benny Shannon Ancient Psychedelic Substances by Scott Fitzpatrick Psychoactive Sacramentals: Essays on Entheogens and Religion by Stan Grof, Huston Smith, and Albert Hofmann  The Shaman and Ayahuasca: Journeys to Sacred Realms by Don Jose Campos The Religion of Ayahuasca: The Teachings of the Church of Santo Daime by Alex Polari de Alverga Email: glassboxpodcast@gmail.com  Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/GlassBoxPod  Facebook page: https://www.facebook.com/glassboxpodcast Twitter: https://twitter.com/GlassBoxPod  Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/glassboxpodcast/  Merch store: https://www.redbubble.com/people/exmoapparel/shop Or find the merch store by clicking on “Store” here: https://glassboxpodcast.com/index.html One time Paypal donation: bryceblankenagel@gmail.com   

Part 2 of Episode 150! Yay!! And now for something completely different. This episode is a bit of a departure from our regular show. We invite Alex Criddle and Cody Noconi, researchers into the psychedelic origins of Mormonism, to respond to the recent debate on the Mormon Book Reviews channel between ourselves and Mormon apologist, Brian Hales. Brian attempts to provide the apologetic response to the theory that Joseph Smith utilized psychedelics (entheogens) in the early history of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints in order to facilitate visionary experiences for the early Saints. Disinformation requires much greater effort than simply stating information so we do our best to debunk his debunking (rebunk the theory?). This one is a long haul so we split it into 2 episodes to make it a little more digestible.   Show notes: Video version: https://youtu.be/3l0L1EHtQOo Support our research and outreach: https://www.patreon.com/SeerStonedProductions Original here: Psychedelics & Early Mormonism Theory Brian Hales Responds on Mormon Book Reviews https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uE7J0y_cPpg   Further information: “The Higher Powers of Man” - Frederick M. Smith was a prophet of the RLDS Mormons and paternal grandson of the founder Joseph Smith. In 1918 Frederick published this Ph.D. dissertation breaking down altered states of consciousness from an early psychologist's perspective, specifically, religious states of ‘ecstacy' as he called it. A lengthy chapter devoted to peyote is particularly worth reading. “The Higher Powers: Fred M - Smith and the Peyote Ceremonies” - Shelby Barnes' 1995 paper highlighting the curious psychedelic interests of Frederick M. Smith. While Barnes does not make any direct connections to Joseph Smith and psychedelics, Barnes does note that Frederick's interests were an attempt to find the reliable keys to visionary revelation that his grandfather Joseph had demonstrated. “Restoration and the Sacred Mushroom”  - Dr. Robert Beckstead's seminal research paper presented at the August 2007 Sunstone Symposium. Beckstead's paper was the first to propose the possibility that Joseph Smith used psychedelics to facilitate visionary experiences. “A 1920's Harvard Psychedelic Circle with a Mormon Connection: Peyote Use amongst the Harvard Aesthetes” Alan Piper's 2016 paper highlighting Frederick M. Smith's interest in psychedelics, and how as a standing Mormon prophet Fred was funding a 1920s group of Harvard students with peyote. “Revelation Through Hallucination: A discourse on the Joseph Smith-entheogen theory” - Bryce Blankenagel and Cody Noconi's 2017 follow-up paper further explores the hypothesis originally put forward by Dr. Robert Beckstead a decade earlier. “The Entheogenic Origins of Mormonism: A Working Hypothesis” - Dr. Robert Beckstead, Bryce Blankenagel, Cody Noconi, and Michael Winkelman's paper published in the Journal of Psychedelic Studies in June 2019. This was the first paper on the subject published in an academic journal. “Visions, Mushrooms, Fungi, Cacti, and Toads: Joseph Smith's Reported Use of Entheogens” Brian Hales' 2020 response paper to the one published in the Journal of Psychedelic Studies. As a believing Mormon engaged in academic apologetics, Hales details what he perceives to be holes in the proposed hypothesis. “The Psychedelic History of Mormonism, Magic, and Drugs” - Cody Noconi's book published in 2021. “Psychedelics as a Means of Revelation in Early and Contemporary Mormonism (Part 1)” Alex Criddle's 2023 paper that was originally presented at the Forms of Psychedelic Life conference at UC Berkeley (April 14-15, 2023). “Psychedelics as a Means of Revelation in Early and Contemporary Mormonism (Part 2)” A continuation of Alex Criddle's 2023 paper. “A Real Spiritual High: In Defense of Psychedelic Mysticism” An enlightening philosophical essay from Alex Criddle. Bibliography and further reading: The Varieties of Religious Experience, by William James The Higher Powers of Man, by Frederick M. Smith The Magus, by Francis Barrett  A Key to Physic, and the Occult Sciences, by Ebenezer Sibly Hearts Made Glad: The Charges of Intemperance Against Joseph Smith the Mormon Prophet, by Lamar Peterson The Seven Sisters of Sleep, by Mordecai Cubitt Cooke The Encylopedia of Psychoactive Plants: Ethnopharmacology and Its Applications, by Christian Rátsch Plants of the Gods: Their Sacred, Healing, and Hallucinogenic Powers, by Richard Evans Shultes, Albert Hoffman, and Christian Rátsch The Dictionary of Sacred and Magical Plants, by Christian Rátsch Witchcraft Medicine: Healing Arts, Shamanic Practices, and Forbidden Plants, by Claudia Muller-Ebeling, Christian Rátsch, and Wolf-Dieter Storl Sex, Drugs, Violence and the Bible, by Chris Bennett and Neil McQueen Liber 420: Cannabis, Magickal Herbs and the Occult, by Chris Bennett Cannabis: Lost Sacrament of the Ancient World, by Chris Bennett Plants of the Devil, by Corinne Boyer The Immortality Key: The Secret History of the Religion with No Name, by Brian C. Muraresku Veneficium: Magic Witchcraft, and the Poison Path, by Daniel A. Schulke Thirteen Pathways of Occult Herbalism, by Daniel A. Schulke The Botany and Chemistry of Hallucinogens, by Richard Evans Shultes and Albert Hoffman Where the Gods Reign: Plants and Peoples of the Colombian Amazon, by Richard Evans Shultes Vine of the Soul: Medicine Men, Their Plants and Rituals in the Colombian Amazonia, by Richard Evans Shultes and Robert F. Raffauf Ethnobotany: Evolution of a Discipline, Richard Evans Shultes and Siri von Reis Persephone's Quest: Entheogens and the Origins of Religion, by Jonathan Ott, R. Gordon Wasson, Stella Kramrisch, and Carl A. P. Ruck Pharmacotheon: Entheogenic Drugs, Their Plant Sources and History, by Jonathan Ott Plant Intoxicants: a Classic Text on the Use of Mind-Altering Plants, by Ernst Bibra and Jonathan Ott Age of Entheogens & the Angels' Dictionary, by Jonathan Ott Drugs of the Dreaming: Oneirogens: Salvia Divinorum and Other Dream-Enhancing Plants, by Jonathan Ott, Gianluca Toro, and Benjamin Thomas The Road to Eleusis, by R. Gordon Wasson, Albert Hofmann, Carl A. P. Ruck, Huston Smith Sacred Knowledge: Psychedelics and Religious Experiences, by William A. Richards Entheogens, Myth, and Human Consciousness, by Carl A.P. Ruck and Mark Alwin Hoffman Mushrooms, Myth and Mithras: The Drug Cult that Civilized Europe, by Carl A.P. Ruck, Mark Alwin Hoffman and Jose Alfredo Gonzalez Celdran Sacred Mushrooms of the Goddess: Secrets of Eleusis, by Carl A.P. Ruck The Apples of Apollo: Pagan and Christian Mysteries of the Eucharist, by Carl A.P. Ruck, Clark Heinrich, and Blaise Daniel Staples Psychedelic Mystery Traditions: Sacred Plants, Magical Practices, Ecstatic States, by Thomas Hatsis The Witches' Ointment: The Secret History of Psychedelic Magic, by Thomas Hatsis Alchemically Stoned: The Psychedelic Secret of Freemasonry, by PD Newman Angels in Vermillion: The Philosophers' Stone: From Dee to DMT, by PD Newman Theurgy: Theory and Practice: The Mysteries of the Ascent to the Divine, by PD Newman The Psychedelic History of Mormonism, Magic, and Drugs, by Cody Noconi Magic Mushrooms in Religion and Alchemy, by Clark Heinrich Psychedelic Medicine, by Richard Miller Mushroom Medicine: The Healing Power of Psilocybin & Sacred Entheogen History, by Brian Jackson The Religious Experience: It's Production and Interpretation., by Timothy Leary Cleansing the Doors of Perception: The Religious Significance of Entheogenic Plants and Chemicals, by Huston Smith The Psychedelic Explorer's Guide, by James Fadiman Psilocybin Mushrooms of the World: An Identification Guide, by Paul Stamets Soma: divine mushroom of immortality, by Robert Gordon Wasson The Philosophy of Natural Magic, by Heinrich Cornelius Agrippa Dwellers on the Threshold; Or Magic and Magicians, with Some Illustrations of Human Error and Imposture, by John Maxwell The History of Magic, by Eliphas Levi Encyclopedia of Freemasonry and Its Kindred Sciences, by Albert Mackey The German Sectarians of Pennsylvania, by Julius F. Sachse God on Psychedelics: Tripping Across the Rubble of Old-Time Religion, by Don Lattin The Peyote Effect: From the Inquisition to the War on Drugs, byAlexander Dawson The Psychedelic Experience: A Manual Based on The Tibetan Book of the Dead, by Timothy Leary, Ralph Metzne, and Richard Alpert Entheogens and the Future of Religion, by Robert Forte How To Change Your Mind, by Michael Pollan The Harvard Psychedelic Club: How Timothy Leary, Ram Dass, Huston Smith, and Andrew Weil Killed the Fifties and Ushered in a New Age for America by Don Lattin Psychedelic Drugs Reconsidered, by James B. Bakalar and Lester Grinspoon The Peyote Cult, by Weston LaBarre DMT: The Spirit Molecule: A Doctor's Revolutionary Research into the Biology of Near-Death and Mystical Experiences, by Rick Stassman A Hallucinogenic Tea Laced With Controversy, by Marlene Dobkin de Rios and Roger Rumrrill Occurrence and Use of Hallucinogenic Mushrooms Containing Psilocybin Alkaloids, by Jakob Kristinsson and Jørn Gry Psychedelics Encyclopedia, by Peter G Stafford Neuropsychedelia: The Revival of Hallucinogen Research Since the Decade of the Brain, by Nicolas Langlitz Stairways To Heaven: Drugs In American Religious History, by Robert W. Fuller Mescaline: A Global History of the First Psychedelic, by Mike Jay DMT and the Soul of Prophecy: A New Science of Spiritual Revelation in the Hebrew Bible, by Rick Strassman Liquid Light: Ayahuasca Spirituality and the Santo Daime Tradition, by G. William Barnar Distilled Spirits: Getting High, Then Sober, with a Famous Writer, a Forgotten Philosopher, and a Hopeless Drunk, by Don Lattin The Mystery of Manna: The Psychedelic Sacrament of the Bible, by Dan Merkur Psychedelic Sacrament: Manna, Meditation and Mystical Experience, by Dan Merkur LSD and the Divine Scientist: The Final Thoughts and Reflections of Albert Hofmann, by Albert Hoffman The Doors of Perception, by Aldous Huxley Changing Our Minds: Psychedelic Sacraments and the New Psychotherapy, by Don Lattin LSD: Doorway to the Numinous: The Groundbreaking Psychedelic Research into Realms of the Human Unconscious, by Stanislav Grof LSD and the Mind of the Universe by Christopher Bache Plant Teachers: Ayahuasca, Tobacco, and the Pursuit of Knowledge by Jeremy Narby and Rafael Chanchari Pizuri Visionary Vine: Psychedelic Healing in the Peruvian Amazon by Marlene Dobkin de Rios The Antipodes of the Mind by Benny Shannon Ancient Psychedelic Substances by Scott Fitzpatrick Psychoactive Sacramentals: Essays on Entheogens and Religion by Stan Grof, Huston Smith, and Albert Hofmann  The Shaman and Ayahuasca: Journeys to Sacred Realms by Don Jose Campos The Religion of Ayahuasca: The Teachings of the Church of Santo Daime by Alex Polari de Alverga  Email: glassboxpodcast@gmail.com  Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/GlassBoxPod  Facebook page: https://www.facebook.com/glassboxpodcast Twitter: https://twitter.com/GlassBoxPod  Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/glassboxpodcast/  Merch store: https://www.redbubble.com/people/exmoapparel/shop Or find the merch store by clicking on “Store” here: https://glassboxpodcast.com/index.html One time Paypal donation: bryceblankenagel@gmail.com   

3000 Years Ago, Dell, Robocalls, PyPI, Cinterion, Cacti, Chat-GPT, Windows, Josh Marpet, and more, on this Edition of the Security Weekly News. Visit https://www.securityweekly.com/swn for all the latest episodes! Show Notes: https://securityweekly.com/swn-386

This week we establish ties with the Cacti Nation, and do our charitable work of escorting tourists out of the Chamber of the Fayth. Afterwards we run up Mt. Gagazet to stop a war on the Guado! Who could have seen this coming?You can find Every F'n FF on Twitter, Instagram, or join our Discord!

This week's rounds are Music (Odd One Out), Cacti and Succulents, Literature, and Sport. The music is I, Cactus with Green Cactus.

It may have been a wet start to the year outside, but inside our homes, it can be a desert for plants – especially if you forget to water! That's perhaps why Cacti are the ultimate house plants and this week on Gardeners' Corner with David Maxwell, Brendan Little reveals he's inherited his dad's obsession with these prickly plants. Also on the programme, daffodil enthusiasts from around the world arrive in Northern Ireland for the World Convention and David heads to a rare collection of shrubs and trees at the Bluebell Arboretum in Derbyshire. In studio, expert Ann Fitzsimmons will answer questions including one from a listener who has seen seed for sale for ‘blue' marigolds – can it be true? Email the programme at gardenerscorner@bbc.co.uk

Host Jane Perrone talks to Hayley Stephens of Bristol-based cactus and succulent sellers Mint Plants to find out about their mission to save plants from the skip. For full show notes plus a transcript visit https://www.janeperrone.com/on-the-ledge/rescuing-cacti-succulents   Sign up for The Plant Ledger, my email newsletter about the houseplant scene: https://www.janeperrone.com/ledger Check out Legends of the Leaf, my book on houseplants and my houseplant cards Houseplant Gardener in a Box here. Support On The Ledge on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/ontheledge Follow Jane Perrone on Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/j.l.perrone Join the Houseplant Fans of On The Ledge group on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/groups/house...

Join our Patreon for the exclusive MtM Vegas Aftershow! More info at: https://www.patreon.com/MtMVegas Episode Description: As a reminder you can watch this show as well at: http://www.YouTube.com/milestomemories Clark County recently did a debrief of the Formula 1 race including many of the lessons learned and pain points from the race. The report included a number of eye opening insights including big dangers on pedestrian bridges and buildings going up without permits. What will they do differently in 2024? In other news Founderscard had some good news this week with the return of Caesars Diamond status for members. We also discuss some of the cool hikes when you get outside of Vegas, UNLV Men's Basketball and their huge record, the renaissance in Downtown Las Vegas & how you can score a new deal for staying at Fontainebleau. Episode Guide: 0:00 Cacti thievery in Las Vegas 1:09 Founderscard & Caesars makeup - Diamond benefit returns 3:23 The quirkiness of Main Street Station 5:36 Getting outside of Vegas - The most dangerous hike in America? 7:04 Southern Utah is full of amazing scenery & national parks 7:59 Finally some good Tropicana news! 8:53 Huge demand for “vintage” Vegas 9:44 UNLV's 3 point streak record & end of season 11:16 Fontainebleau's new stay offer including $125 credit 12:48 Big changes in Neonopolis - Dick becomes Harry 14:17 The Renaissance of Downtown Las Vegas 15:28 Esther's Kitchen opens up at new bigger location 15:57 Clark County takeaways from F1 - Eye opening issues 17:57 Looking ahead - How they will make F1 work better for Las Vegas About the Show: Each week tens of thousands of people tune into our MtM Vegas news shows at http://www.YouTube.com/milestomemories. We do two news shows weekly on YouTube with this being the audio version. Never miss out on the latest happenings in and around Las Vegas! Enjoying the podcast? Please consider leaving us a positive review on your favorite podcast platform! You can also connect with us anytime at podcast@milestomemories.com.  You can subscribe on Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts, Spotify or by searching "MtM Vegas" or "Miles to Memories" in your favorite podcast app. Don't forget to check out our travel/miles/points podcast as well!

This is a science-heavy episode with Dr. Michael Windham, specialist in Cheilanthoid Ferns curator at Duke Herbarium. Even if you're not interested in this group, they're a great case study in numerous fascinating phenomena including convergent evolution, biogeography (dispersal vs. vicariance), why DNA sequencing is important to taxonomy, self-cloning to escape the limitations of being a fern in a desert, etc. "Cheilanthoid Ferns" are a remarkable group of ferns - they grow in habitats where ferns seemingly shouldn't be able to grow - out of cracks in rocks and cliff faces in regions that are both usually very hot and very dry. Genera like Astrolepis, Myriopteris, Notholaena, Argyrochosma, Pellaea (the "coffe fern" in California), Cheilanthes, and more have been blowing my mind years as I frequently encountered them co-occurring in habitats with Cacti and spiny legumes. To the East, Myriopteris alabamensis grows all over drier rocky "microsites" throughout the Eastern half of North America. These ferns are often either fuzzy as hell or blue, chalky-mint-green, and waxy with a wirey rachis. It'd be hard for anybody who takes a look at them to not be taken with how cool they look. But how do they get it done? What are some of their adaptations? What is the evoutionary age of the family and where is the origin of diversity? What the hell is a "gametophyte" and are they unisexual or the fern equiavelent of being protogynous (and what the hell does "protogynous" mean anyway?). Why is molecular sequencing (looking at the DNA) so important for figuring out how all these plants are related to each other? What is convergent evolution and why have so many genera in this subfamily evolutionarily converged on the same strategies to cope with life in a dry environment? How do you identify species when so many of them look superficially alike and don't produce flowers (what we normally use to identify plants)? How long can their damn spores last (answer : centuries, in some cases). We cover it all in this two hour podcast.  If there's a term we use that you're not familiar with, look it up or join the Crime Pays patreon and send me a message. A brief list of topics somewhat sloppily-arranged in an "episode map" is below. Note: until I can alienate the casino advertisers, they seem to be especially herpetic on this episode. Ad-free episodes can be found on the Patreon.apomixis : 1 hour 20evolutionary age ; 75 yasynapomorphies : revolute margins and pseudo-indusiaconvergent evolutioncenter of diversity indicates center of originno farina in Notholaena, but flavonoid compounds on capitate hairs resembling cotton-candytalking about cheilanthoid ferns to explain convergent evolution and how dna can resolve evolutionary relationships difference between eusporangiate ferns and leptosporangiateage of viability of fern sporesalternation of generationsantheridiogendispersal vs. vicariance 1:31apomixis 1:36

Cacti are famous for their spine-shaped leaves, their water-retaining tissues, their green stems, and especially for being among the most well-adapted organisms on Earth for dry environments. This episode, we're joined by Dr. Aly Baumgartner to discuss the diversity of cacti, their unique adaptations for an unusual lifestyle, and their mysterious evolutionary past. In the news: Stone Age jewelry, kelp fossils, long-jawed fish, and early trees. Time markers: Intro & Announcements: 00:00:00 News: 00:06:00 Main discussion, Part 1: 00:38:25 Main discussion, Part 2: 01:25:00 Patron question: 02:04:00 Check out our website for this episode's blog post and more: http://commondescentpodcast.com/ Join us on Patreon to support the podcast and enjoy bonus content: https://www.patreon.com/commondescentpodcast Got a topic you want to hear about? Submit your episode request here: https://commondescentpodcast.com/request-a-topic/ We're an Audible Affiliate Partner! Use this link for a 30-day free trial to Audible: https://www.audibletrial.com/CommonDescent Lots more ways to connect with us: https://linktr.ee/common_descent The Intro and Outro music is “On the Origin of Species” by Protodome. More music like this at http://ocremix.org. Musical Interludes are "Professor Umlaut" by Kevin MacLeod (incompetech.com). Licensed under Creative Commons: By Attribution 3.0 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/

What is That User Agent https://isc.sans.edu/diary/What%20is%20that%20User%20Agent%3F/30536 KyberSlash Vulnerability https://kyberslash.cr.yp.to/faq.html Netfilter DoS Vulnerability CVE-2024-0193 https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2024-0193 Cacti Vulnerability https://github.com/Cacti/cacti/security/advisories/GHSA-pfh9-gwm6-86vp

What is That User Agent https://isc.sans.edu/diary/What%20is%20that%20User%20Agent%3F/30536 KyberSlash Vulnerability https://kyberslash.cr.yp.to/faq.html Netfilter DoS Vulnerability CVE-2024-0193 https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2024-0193 Cacti Vulnerability https://github.com/Cacti/cacti/security/advisories/GHSA-pfh9-gwm6-86vp