Podcasts about Impey

This week on the GTCC it's a hefty debrief of G's final Milan San Remo and a soggy opening day at the Volta a Catalunya. He's been a busy boy. Oh, and the team bus ran out of hot water. Long story. After G updates you all on that, it's time to head back a couple of months to sunnier times, and G's trip to Australia. While he was there, he headed to the driving range with his old, old teammate from Barloworld, Daryl Impey. Impey's a cult hero of the sport, a South African who wore the yellow jersey at the Tour and forged a brilliant career for himself. They chatted about the evolution of the sport across their careers, retirement transitions... and if G will ever get decent at golf. It's a cracker. We're just not sure we'll ever run Daryl's proposed GTCC Golf Day. Join us for this week's GTCC ROUVY ride right here: https://riders.rouvy.com/events/72d92560-01bc-4e07-b3d1-ce8a0f4f7d95. And don't forget to use our code GTCC1M for a free month on ROUVY when you sign up for the first time. We're also hosting a retirement party for G at the Millenium Centre in Cardiff on Sunday 16th November! Tickets are available here: https://www.livenation.co.uk/geraint-thomas-tickets-adp1206752 Finally, don't forget you can pre-order G's new book, Geraint Thomas According to G, right here: https://geni.us/AccordingToG_Signed See you next week for one of our most interesting guests of the season... Music courtesy of BMG Music Production Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices

What a way to kick off the season! The Hawks toppled the Swans on their home turf, posting a 20-point win. Will Day had tongues wagging, Lloyd Meek reigned supreme, and the dynamic duo of Battle and Barrass proved made a strong first impression. We're back to recap what was a brilliant win, as well as bring you our exclusive chat with Hawthorn superstar Jarman Impey. Don't forget to join our social media channels, including X - @HawkTalkPod Get bonus content on Patreon Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

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It's only early February, but Billy already needs a hard-reset on his All Sports Report, as we ask the very important question - why do we have silent letters? Hawthorn star Jarman Impey is in studio to talk Hok Ball and the Indigenous All Star Game, then after news came out that Sydney had a 7-hour review of the 2024 Grand Final, Daisy reviewed where he thought they went wrong early in last year's decider. Luka Doncic wins on debut with the Lakers, but the Sydney Kings will be without star Xavier Cooks for their play-in game against Adelaide tomorrow. Topics Brownless asks what would be your last meal, then fresh off a ton in Sri Lanka, Alex Carey phones in ahead of the ODIs, and a possible return to SA for the Sheffield Shield. Finally, Billy's Joke is one that Daisy understands.See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

IL MIO PRIMO LIBRO È DISPONIBILE ORA https://amzn.to/40fJhNe Che cosa sono i PLASMOIDI? Alcuni parlano di una nuova forma di vita aliena extraterrestre basata sul plasma. Dopo gli avvistamenti UFO/UAP del New Jersey, si è scatenata questa nuova teoria delle sfere di plasma, appunto i plasmoidi, e un nuovo studio parla di queste nuove entità aliene. In questo video, esploriamo il fenomeno affascinante e misterioso dei plasmoidi. Cosa sono realmente? Si tratta di semplici sfere di plasma, oppure di una manifestazione aliena legata agli avvistamenti UFO e UAP (Unidentified Aerial Phenomena)? Approfondiamo le ipotesi scientifiche e le teorie più controverse, analizzando avvistamenti documentati, come quelli legati agli UFO nel New Jersey e ad altre segnalazioni di fenomeni aerei inspiegabili. Parleremo del significato dei plasmoidi, delle loro caratteristiche, e dei casi storici che li vedono protagonisti, tra cui i leggendari avvistamenti UFO sopra città e oceani. I plasmoidi possono davvero spiegare certi fenomeni extraterrestri? Oppure sono una chiave per comprendere eventi atmosferici poco noti? Con un approccio critico e basato sulle evidenze, affrontiamo il legame tra sfere di plasma, alieni e UAP, svelando ciò che la scienza (e la speculazione) hanno da dire su queste enigmatiche entità. FONTI Impey, Christopher & Planchon, Olivier & Joseph, Rhawn & Armstrong, Richard & Gibson, Carl & Schild, Rudolph. (2024). Unidentified Anomalous Phenomena, Extraterrestrial Life, Plasmoids, Shape Shifters, Replicons, Thunderstorms, Lightning, Hallucinations, Aircraft Disasters, Ocean Sightings. Journal of Modern Physics. 15. 10.4236/jmp.2024.1511079. Journal of Modern Physics https://www.scirp.org/journal/apc?journalid=172 Potential predatory scholarly open-access publishers, Beall's List, https://beallslist.net/ Joseph, Rhawn & Impey, Chris & Planchon, Olivier & del Gaudio, Rosanna & Schild, Rudolph & Safa, Mustafa & Sumanarathna, Aravinda & Ansbro, Eamonn & Duvall, David & Bianciardi, Giorgio & Gibson, Carl. (2024). VIdeo: Extraterrestrial Fourth Domain of Life: UFO, UAP, Plasma. Official NASA Films. Joseph, Rhawn & Schild, Rudolph. (2023). Mars: Humanoids, Bodies, Bones, Skulls, UFOs, UAPs, Spacecraft Wreckage?. 2023. ‘Prince of panspermia' has a paper retracted and sues Springer Nature, https://retractionwatch.com/2020/10/06/prince-of-panspermia-has-a-paper-retracted-and-sues-springer-nature/ Joseph, Rhawn & Impey, Chris & Planchon, O & del Gaudio, Rosanna & Safa, Mustafa & Sumanarathna, A & Ansbro, Eamonn & Duvall, David & Bianciardi, Giorgio & Gibson, Carl & Schild, Rudolph. (2024). Extraterrestrial Life in the Thermosphere: Plasmas, UAP, Pre-Life, Fourth State of Matter -- https://www.researchgate.net/publication/377077692. Journal of Modern Physics. 15. 2024. 10.4236/jmp.2024.153015. Extremely Dubious Scientist Believes There's Mushrooms and Lichen on Mars, Futurism, 2020, https://futurism.com/dubious-scientist-mushrooms-mars This Man Is Suing NASA For Ignoring a Jelly Donut-Shaped Rock He Thinks Is Life on Mars, VICE, 2014, https://www.vice.com/en/article/the-man-suing-nasa-for-ignoring-a-jelly-donut-shaped-rock-he-thinks-is-life-on-mars/ NASA Photos Show 'Mushroom' Fungus Growing on Rocks in the Red Planet—Is There Life on Mars?, Tech Times, 2021, https://www.techtimes.com/articles/259964/20210506/nasa-photos-show-mushroom-fungus-growing-rocks-red-planet-life-on-mars.htm Mushrooms on Mars.” How close was a controversial scientist to academic legitimacy?, INVERSE, 2024, https://www.inverse.com/science/mushrooms-on-mars-a-wild-story Abbonati a questo canale per accedere ai vantaggi: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC-LnXkuCFTPEQn-owYDa3KA/join __________________

Come to a Dehoarding Accountability Zoom Session: http://www.overcomecompulsivehoarding.co.uk/ticket Subscribe to the podcast: https://www.overcomecompulsivehoarding.co.uk/subscribe Podcast show notes, links and transcript: http://www.overcomecompulsivehoarding.co.uk/  In today's episode, I chat with Harriet Impey about the complex process of clearing out her parents' cluttered house after their deaths. From unusual family rules to emotional ties with objects, we cover how Harriet navigated the challenges of sorting belongings, her family dynamics, and the personal growth she experienced along the way navigating emotional landscapes. We also talk about whether her parents hoarded and how their relationship with their stuff has affected her relationship with her stuff. Plus, we discuss the importance of letting go, embracing mindfulness, and the transformative power of therapy. Trailer: Where Dragons Live: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=w2ARgzYZei8  Growing up in a cluttered house and realisation later in life Harriet's mother's attachment to objects and possible hoarding Influence of family habits on personal behaviour Relationships and Emotional Awareness Harriet's journey towards emotional awareness and accepting imperfections Importance of recognising complex feelings Managing fear of arguments and expressing anger Using Objects Instead of Saving Them Harriet's family preference for keeping items "too special to use" Transition to using these items with joy Family Dynamics and Emotional Suppression Differences in attitudes towards possessions among Harriet and her siblings Parents' contrasting approaches to objects Impact of her mother's anxiety on household rules and behavior Clearing Out Parents' Home Harriet's responsibility in sorting through parental belongings Emotional impact of dealing with deceased person's possessions Reference to "Swedish Death Cleaning" Importance of considerate item management Therapy and Self-Reflection Harriet's 20 years of therapy and its impact The influence of therapy on personal happiness and self-awareness Learning to be less rigid in life Managing and Letting Go of Belongings Evaluating the necessity of keeping certain belongings Mindfulness and Mental Health Mindful self-compassion and ACT The filming of "Where Dragons Live" The dual charm and burden of the family home Personal Experiences and Family Impact

Hawthorn player Jarman Impey joins Glenn Manton for a chat.See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Former New Zealand Rugby Chairman Brent Impey is taking part in rugby initiative Kiwi K.A.R.E to help support rugby players in Ukraine who have been affected by war. Impey has been working alongside Sir Graham Henry and other volunteers to help Ukrainian rugby teams continue to train and upskill their players. Trustee of Kiwi Aid and Refugee Evacuation, Impey tells Tim Beveridge he visited players in Ukraine and found they are still playing rugby throughout the Russian invasion. The Ukrainian team is hoping to qualify for the Olympics, and Impey is working with groups of 20 men and 20 women to build the national team amongst the region's turmoil. “It is absolutely inspirational.” LISTEN ABOVE See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Send us a textIn this episode, we step into the world of ethnomusicology with Angela Impey. Angela is a researcher, author, and senior lecturer at the School of Oriental and African Studies in London, where she explores the links between music, culture, and social change. Angela shares her experiences during apartheid in South Africa, where music became a powerful form of political expression, along with stories from several ethnomusicology projects across the African continent. She explains how performance-based knowledge systems are important in addressing global challenges like the climate crisis, and what constitutes “proper knowledge”.  We discuss how we can bridge between mainstream paradigms and other, but no less valid, frameworks of understanding our surroundings.Songs around the world hold histories, clues, concepts, connections, and characters that have been not listened to, not heard, by so many. You surely won't listen to your surroundings the same way after hearing from Angela. I hope you enjoy this invitation into the world of ethnomusicology with Professor Angela Impey.Mentioned in the article episode:- Merlyn Driver and his curlew project - Musician Jeremy Dutcher- Angela's book Song Walking: Women, Music, and Environmental Justice in an African Borderland- Scholar Donna Haraway - Acacia karroo tree- Chinspot batis bird Connect:- Angela Impey's work- Rebeka Instagram- The Heart Gallery InstagramCredits:Jonathan Raz for podcast editing, Cosmo Sheldrake for use of his song Pelicans We, podcast art by me, Rebeka Ryvola de Kremer.

SpaceX's Polaris Dawn mission made history this month with the first-ever commercial spacewalk. It seems space travel is no longer reserved for highly trained government astronauts, but increasingly open to anyone with the funds (and the courage) to try it. But before we all go strapping on our spacesuits, Chris Impey, a professor of astronomy at the University of Arizona, says we need to be clear-eyed about the risks. Marketplace's Meghan McCarty Carino spoke to Impey about those risks and the rewards that might make them worth it.

SpaceX's Polaris Dawn mission made history this month with the first-ever commercial spacewalk. It seems space travel is no longer reserved for highly trained government astronauts, but increasingly open to anyone with the funds (and the courage) to try it. But before we all go strapping on our spacesuits, Chris Impey, a professor of astronomy at the University of Arizona, says we need to be clear-eyed about the risks. Marketplace's Meghan McCarty Carino spoke to Impey about those risks and the rewards that might make them worth it.

SpaceX's Polaris Dawn mission made history this month with the first-ever commercial spacewalk. It seems space travel is no longer reserved for highly trained government astronauts, but increasingly open to anyone with the funds (and the courage) to try it. But before we all go strapping on our spacesuits, Chris Impey, a professor of astronomy at the University of Arizona, says we need to be clear-eyed about the risks. Marketplace's Meghan McCarty Carino spoke to Impey about those risks and the rewards that might make them worth it.

Subscribe to Hawks Insiders for the most in-depth and wide ranging Hawthorn cover there is. From exclusive interviews, analysis, match recaps, and podcasts, the Insiders have you covered.Season 2024 is in the books for the Hawk boys. What a ride it has been. This one might burn a little though, because it feels like an opportunity missed.Danny was joined by Andrew, Brad and Darren to recap what was a tough way to end the Hawks season, but it's fair to say there was still plenty to be positive about, even for ‘Reasonable' Brad. Key talking points:* General vibe check* Port's pressure to start the game, how did the Hawks cope?* The Hawks working their way back into it across the second, third and ourth* Umpiring* How much did we miss Sam Frost and Will Day?* The last ten minutes (Moore and Sicily misses)* Who struggled with the pace and aggression?* On the other hand, who stood out?* Hinkley, Sicily, Impey and Mitchell after the match* And so much more…Finally, thank you for your ongoing support of Hawks Insiders. The Hawks are out of the AFL season, but there will still be plenty more Insiders, so please consider subscribing to our Substack, and make sure you tell your friends and family where they can get the best Hawthorn content on the web.Don't forget to listen in as the HI team goes live on Wednesday nights on X (Twitter). Follow us on social media through the links below:Twitter | Facebook | Instagram This is a public episode. If you'd like to discuss this with other subscribers or get access to bonus episodes, visit hawksinsiders.substack.com/subscribe

Send us a Text Message.Welcome to the fifth episode of season four of Conversations in Fetal Medicine, in conversation with Professor Lawrence Impey. Professor Impey's bio: Qualification MBBS 1988 from the MiddlesexUndergraduate degree 1985 in OxfordTrained in London, Dublin and Oxford. MRCOG 1993, FRCOG 2007Consultant in Obstetrics and Fetal Medicine in Oxford since 2001.Full time NHS clinical consultant, director of tertiary referral Oxford Fetal Medicine Unit23 years as practising obstetrician and fetal medicine specialistDirector of subspeciality training in maternal and fetal medicine, OxfordClinical Lead for Maternity Health Innovation Oxford and Thames ValleyVisiting Professor in fetal medicine, Oxford UniversityAuthor of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Impey and Child 6th (ed in preparation), and Oxford handbook of Obstetrics and Gynaecology (current is 3rd ed) Collins, Arulkumaran, Hayes, Arambage and ImpeyMultiple blood chapters eg Oxford Textbook of MedicineLead author of two greentop guidelinesPublications on labour and the role of intrapartum risk factors, breech presentation, preterm birth and fetal growth restriction and risk factors for adverse outcomesCurrent research projects: predicting and preventing stillbirth, Machine learning based intrapartum CTG interpretationFather of Cicely and Orlando and grandfather of FergusPodcast information:We have not included any patient identifiable information, and this podcast is intended for professional education rather than patient information (although welcome anyone interested in the field to listen). Please get in touch with feedback or suggestions for future guests or topics: conversationsinfetalmed@gmail.com, or via Twitter (X) or Instagram via @fetalmedcast.Music by Crowander ('Acoustic romance') used under creative commons licence. Podcast created, hosted and edited by Dr Jane Currie.

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Former NZ Rugby chairman Brent Impey believes a Nations Championship hosted in Qatar is a smart move. Now chair of the Fijian Drua Super Rugby side, Impey says Fiji would seize the chance to participate in a tournament held in the middle-eastern nation. While acknowledging potential moral dilemmas Impey told Jason Pine that the undeniable financial appeal would be difficult to pass up. LISTEN ABOVE  See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

REBELS OF DISCLOSURE CONFERENCE: May 13-16, 2024 Grafton Illinois

Impey feat. Steve Spacek - Take Me [Ghost Notes Worldwide] Jsphynx - Shhh [Sekito Records] Tommy The Cat – Strange Nights [E-Beamz] Natalie Duncan - Silver Gun (Lenzman Remix) [Fallen Tree 1Hundred] Etch – Sunbeam [Bangers Only] Dizz1 - Once Again (Mshcode Remix) [Echo Chamber Records] Kaidi Tatham – Feels Like I'm On My Own [First Word Records] Finn Irregular feat. Monique Araujo - Feel Free (NameBrandSound Remix) [CoOp Presents] Bruk Rogers - Get Low [Tru Thoughts Recordings] Makèz feat. Allysha Joy - Love You More [Sonic Soil] Minor Invention - Room 131 (Live Edit feat. Marquis Johnson) [4EVR 4WRD] DJ 3000 - Pitë [Motech Records] Philip D Kick - Replicant [Astrophonica] Wipe The Needle & Andre Espeut - Looking Glass (Sean McCabe Extended Mix) [Makin' Moves] Soulparlor - Heat Wave [Well! Well! Music] Marcel Vogel & LYMA - Free Time [Boogie Angst] China Charmeleon feat. Rona Ray – Invisible [Stay True Sounds] Natasha Watts - I Am Me (Atjazz Astro Remix) [Atjazz Record Company] Erin Buku - The Way [Inner Tribe Records] Epic - Fly Guy Dedicated [Jazzy Sport Records] El Michels Affair & Black Thought – Miracle [Big Crown Records] DJ Mitsu The Beats - Dogmatic [Jazzy Sport] Souleance - Cultural [Heavenly Sweetness/First Word Records] Bala Desejo - Dourado Dourado [Mr Bongo Records] Gabriel da Rosa - Cachaça [Stones Throw Records] Everwave - Mounds

Episode 121 Today we are joined by Dr. Chris Impey to talk about exoplanets, the search for life in space, and the search for meaning on Earth.   Dr Impey is a University Distinguished Professor of Astronomy at the University of Arizona. He has over 220 refereed publications on observational cosmology, galaxies, and quasars, and his research has been supported by $20 million in NASA and NSF grants. He has won eleven teaching awards and has taught two online classes with over 300,000 enrolled and 4 million minutes of video lectures watched. He is a past Vice President of the American Astronomical Society, won its Education Prize, has been an NSF Distinguished Teaching Scholar, Carnegie Council's Arizona Professor of the Year, and a Howard Hughes Medical Institute Professor. He has written 70 popular articles on cosmology, astrobiology and education, two textbooks, a novel called Shadow World, and eight popular science books: The Living Cosmos, How It Ends, Talking About Life, How It Began, Dreams of Other Worlds, Humble Before the Void, Beyond: The Future of Space Travel, and Einstein's Monsters: The Life and Times of Black Holes.    Support this podcast on Patreon at https://www.patreon.com/DowntheWormholepodcast   More information at https://www.downthewormhole.com/   produced by Zack Jackson music by Zack Jackson and Barton Willis    Transcript (AI Generated) ian (01:16.703) Our guest today is a university distinguished professor of astronomy at the University of Arizona. He has over 220 refereed publications on observational cosmology, galaxies, and quasars, and his research has been supported by $20 million in NASA and NSF grants. He's won 11 teaching awards and has taught two online classes with over 300,000 enrolled and 4 million minutes of video lectures watched. He's a past vice president of the American Astronomical Society, has been an NSF Distinguished Teaching Scholar, Carnegie Council's Arizona Professor of the Year, and a Howard Hughes Medical Institute professor. He has written 70 popular articles on cosmology, astrobiology, and education, two textbooks, a novel called Shadow World and eight popular science books. I'm very excited to welcome Dr. Chris Impey to the podcast today. chris_impey (02:07.898) Yeah, delighted to be with you. zack_jackson (02:09.75) Welcome. That's quite an introduction. Ha ha ha. Thanks for watching. I hope you enjoyed this video. I'll see you in the next one. Bye. ian (02:12.983) Yeah. Obviously, I shortened down what you sent us, and it was tough for me to do that, Chris, because you've done a lot. You know, obviously, I was at fellow academic. I understand the need to do peer-reviewed research and those types of things in our field, but I was really impressed with how much writing you've done for the general public, both articles and also your books. You've written a novel. You've been on several podcasts. Can you kind of tell us a little bit about your background, what is you do, and then how you also got into that part of your profession of making sure you communicate with the general public as well? chris_impey (02:53.298) Sure, you won't hear it in my voice, my accent, but I was born into Edinburgh, I'm a Scott. I had a little transatlantic childhood that sort of wiped out the Scottish borough, but if you feed me single malt whiskey it would come back. And of course, I'm sure you noticed if you've gone to Britain that you look up and there are not many stars visible there. So once I decided to do astronomy I knew I was going to leave, so I did my undergrad work in London. zack_jackson (03:04.15) Thank you. Bye. Ha ha ha! chris_impey (03:22.938) and never look back and I'm a dual citizen now. So astronomy is big in Arizona. I've not looked elsewhere. The grass is never greener anywhere else. We're building the biggest telescopes in the world and we have five observatories within an hour's drive. So this is the perfect place to do observational astronomy. So I'm very happy. But then as people's careers evolve, you know, the writing research papers is important. It's the sort of stocking trade of the academic. But it's also, you know, the texture of the average research article is that of a three-day old bologna sandwich. It's almost designed to be indigestible writing. The constraints of an academic discourse make that happen. So I was always interested in more popular writing, so I segued into textbooks. And then I realized the problem with them is that you've written a textbook and that's a nice challenge. But then the publisher just wants you to update it every year or so. It's like, okay, that's not so exciting. I think I'm not going to do this anymore. And then I think more broadly, apart from just liking education and being very committed to teaching and mentoring students, you know, I've just seen the, well, even before the sort of large waves of misinformation and the assault on facts in our culture, it's, I viewed it as an obligation of a professional scientist to communicate to a larger audience because, well, to be blunt, we're paid by the taxpayer. zack_jackson (04:26.05) Thank you. Bye. zack_jackson (04:44.15) Hmm. chris_impey (04:54.118) And also, there's a lot of misinformation out there, and science is often misperceived or characterized in wrong and inappropriate ways. And so I think all scientists should not just stay in their little lane doing research, but they should, if they can, some better than others. And not everyone can be Neil deGrasse Tyson. That's fine. But I think there's an obligation to communicate to larger audiences. And once I got into it and got practiced and better at it, then I now understand that I mean, it's like I couldn't imagine not doing it. chris_impey (05:32.018) And the books just, okay. And so books just flow out of that because writing popular articles is just a sort of lighter version of writing a technical article. And then, you know, you want a meaty subject. You do a book-length version. So I've been writing about cosmology and astrobiology. And I've started about 10 years ago I say, I think this is my ninth book, Exoplanets. So books are fun. They're more challenging. ian (05:32.543) I almost had to sneeze. Sorry, go ahead. Ha ha ha. chris_impey (06:01.958) to take on a big subject and distill it down and make it, you gotta make it, have a resonance for a person with no, maybe with no background in astronomy or maybe just a little background and you're taking them through what could be a very esoteric subject. So that, I like the challenge of that. Although the books are exhausting. Once I've done a book, I don't wanna, I almost don't wanna look at a book or read a book or write a book for a while. zack_jackson (06:28.65) do people ask you like when's the next one coming out? Like right after you finish. It's like having a baby. I'm not sure if you can tell, but I'm not sure. I'm not sure. I'm not sure. I'm not sure. I'm not sure. I'm not sure. I'm not sure. I'm not sure. I'm not sure. I'm not sure. I'm not sure. I'm not sure. I'm not sure. I'm not sure. I'm not sure. I'm not sure. I'm not sure. I'm not sure. I'm not sure. I'm not sure. I'm not sure. I'm not sure. chris_impey (06:31.898) Of course. Yeah, they are. Yeah, it's like I'm not going to go there about the having a baby because my wife would my wife would give me a hard time. There's nothing like having a baby. You can't even imagine, you know, and and and she and yeah, and she's right. But like having a baby, you know, women may feel that and then they do it again, you know, so I write the book, have have a slight, you know, trauma afterwards or just let down. It's a little bit of a let down sometimes. zack_jackson (06:43.89) That is a good man. Good job. ian (06:45.766) Yes. chris_impey (07:01.918) you finished any big-ish thing. But I do like writing, so I'm committed to it. zack_jackson (07:02.094) Hmm. ian (07:09.303) Yeah. zack_jackson (07:10.05) So you're writing and thinking and studying a lot about exoplanets these days. So you're writing and thinking and studying a lot about exoplanets these days. So you're writing and thinking and studying a lot about exoplanets these days. So you're writing and thinking and studying a lot about exoplanets these days. So you're writing and thinking and studying a lot about exoplanets these days. So you're writing and thinking and studying a lot about exoplanets these days. So you're writing and thinking and studying a lot about exoplanets these days. So you're writing and thinking and studying a lot chris_impey (07:15.718) Yeah, it's a super hot field with the number has up to 5,300 last time I checked on NASA's website. And remember, you know, 1995, the number was zero. So this is all, this is all the last few decades and it's just growing gangbusters. And now it's a slightly unfortunate because I have, we have students here who are working on exoplanets or astrobiology. And, you know, there was a time when if you discovered one cool Earth-like planet or water world, ian (07:27.244) I remember that. chris_impey (07:45.818) about it. Well now you know you'd have to find a hundred interesting things to write a paper. So the bar has been raised just by the success of the field. But the interesting thing is that it's moving to a new phase. So the most of what's known about those 5300 exoplanets is not much at all. They're basically is either a mass or a size or maybe both and you get a density and know it's a gas planet or a rocky planet. And that's it. We can't characterize zack_jackson (07:46.792) Hmm. zack_jackson (07:54.15) Yeah. zack_jackson (08:04.316) Hmm. chris_impey (08:15.698) thousands of exoplanets. So the next stage of the game, everyone's taking a deep breath in the research field is to try and characterize the atmospheres and the geology and of course find life. And that's just a very hard experiment. It's just much harder than detecting an exoplanet in the first place. So there's sort of excitement in the air because if I were betting, I would say that within five to seven years, we will have done the experiment of looking for life or Earth planets that are nearest to us and will either know the answer. Either there will be microbes on those planets that have altered their atmospheres or there won't be and that will be an amazing experiment to have done. So it's really on the horizon. But it's daunting because it's a very difficult experiment. Earth-like planets are a billion times fainter than the stars they orbit. So you have to, and they're far away so they appear very close to their star. So you have to isolate the planet from the star, blot out the billion times brighter and then smear the feeble reflected light from the exoplanet into a spectrum and look for molecules that indicate life like oxygen, ozone, methane, water vapor and so on. ian (09:26.503) But the molecules you're looking for are always in the atmosphere itself, right? Like you wouldn't, and I understand that, and I think we all do, but, you know, some people listening may not realize that that's, that's what you're looking at. When you're talking about with the spectrum is that makeup of the atmosphere, nothing about like if there's, if it's a rocky planet, what's on the ground, I guess. zack_jackson (09:26.614) Now. chris_impey (09:30.458) there. chris_impey (09:45.358) Right, right. And it's important for people to realize that the characterizing the exoplanets is done in that indirect way. For instance, of those 5,300, only 150 have ever had an image made of them. You know, seeing is believing. It's nice to have images of exoplanets. That's a hard thing. And those images are, you know, they're pathetic, a few pixels. They're just pale blue dots in a far away. So there's no, and if you ask this, ian (10:02.488) Right. zack_jackson (10:03.35) Thank you. Thank you. chris_impey (10:15.678) The question of when will we be able to make an image of an exoplanet to be able to see continents and oceans? The answer is maybe never. The answer is decades or a very long time because it's just too hard to make images that sharp of things that far away, even with space telescopes. So astronomers have to be a little more indirect and the clever method that's on the table now and will be done, James Webb is doing some of this but was never built to do this experiment, it will actually be better done with the huge... set of ground-based telescopes under construction. So the experiment is you use the star to backlight the exoplanet when it crosses in front of it, and the backlit, the light from the star filters through the atmosphere of the exoplanet and imprints absorption from these relevant molecules called biosignatures. So that's the experiment you're doing. And it's still hard. And it's also not clear you'll get an unambiguous answer. You know, obviously, and its cousin ozone are the prime biomarkers because on Earth, the oxygen we breathe, one part and five of our air, was put there by microbes billions of years ago. So the reverse logic is if you see oxygen on an exoplanet or in the atmosphere of an exoplanet, it must have been put there by life because oxygen is so reactive, so volatile that it disappears. If there's not life to sustain it, say the biosphere of the Earth shut down overnight, the entire biosphere just shut down. ian (11:41.803) Thank you. Thank you. chris_impey (11:45.458) just imagine the thought experiment. Within five to seven billion, a million years, so very short time in geological terms, the oxygen, that one part in five we breathe, would be gone. It would rust things, it would dissolve in seawater, it would oxidize with rocks, and it would be gone. So if it were not put there originally by life and then sustained by photosynthesis and other life processes, it would disappear. So the logic, therefore, is if you see it elsewhere, bang, it's got to be microbes putting it there and causing it to be there. ian (12:16.845) Yeah. zack_jackson (12:16.95) Hmm, unless there's some hitherto unknown non-living process by which these things happen. chris_impey (12:24.058) Right. So that's a good point. And there is a debate there because the data that's going to come in, well, first of all, it'll be noisy. It won't be beautiful, perfect spectra. So they'll be ambiguous to interpret. And then when you see it, what is the, where's, does the bar set for being enough? And the geologists have weighed in on this. And so whereas the sort of simplistic view as well, if you see any significant level of oxygen, certainly 18% like on the earth, what's got to be biology. zack_jackson (12:41.694) Yeah. chris_impey (12:54.218) That's pretty much true, but geologists have figured out ways where without biology, just with geochemical reactions, if you conjure up a geochemistry, you can get 6%, 5%, 7% oxygen. That's quite a lot, more than most people would have expected. So the geologists are saying, well, hold on. Yes, a lot of oxygen is probably a biomarker, but you would have to know more about the planet to be sure that it didn't have some weird chemistry and geology going on. for any of the other biomarkers. Methane is a biomarker too because it's produced on earth, you know, mostly by life, a good fraction of that, cow farts I think. But so it's the same argument. So these wonderful and difficult to obtain spectra are going to be, everyone's going to jump all over them and hope they give an unambiguous answer, but they might not. Science is not always as cut and dried as that at the frontier, which is where we are. But it's the zack_jackson (13:34.511) Hmm. Sure. chris_impey (13:53.958) exciting experiment and it will be done fairly soon. ian (13:58.804) Okay. chris_impey (14:01.358) And then a sort of related issue is that it's not just microbes. I mean, that's just looking for life as we know it on the earth. You could also look with the same technique, and this is an interesting possibility, for what are called techno signatures. So biosignatures is just evidence of life, typically microbes, because we think most life in the universe is going to be microbial, even if it's not exactly like our form of biology. But you could also look for things technology like chlorofluorocarbons, which you know, were responsible for almost killing the ozone layer for a few decades until we sort of ruled them out of refrigeration units. And there are other chemicals that are produced by industrial activity in a civilization, which would normally be very trace ingredients in an atmosphere, barely, you know, not present at all really. And if you could detect them in an atmosphere, it would be indirect evidence of a technological or industrial civilization. Realization on that planet and that will be very exciting. So that's the same method being used to ask a very different question But it's a more challenging experiment because these are trace ingredients. I'll give you an example I mean, we're all aware of climate change global warming and we've seen the carbon dioxide content of our atmosphere Increased by 30% roughly in the last few decades. That's quite a lot. It's obviously concerning and we know the implications But if you step back and look at the earth from afar and say, well, shouldn't that just be obvious? Shouldn't some other alien civilization look at the Earth and say, oh, those people are really screwing up. They're killing their atmosphere with climate change and fossil fuel burning? The answer is probably not because carbon dioxide is a trace ingredient of our atmosphere, and 30% increase on a trace ingredient would actually be very hard to detect from a distance. So even that dramatic thing that we are all anxious about on our planet industrial activity and fossil fuels is not dramatically obvious from a distance. So these are quite difficult experiments. The techno-signature experiment is much harder than the biosignature experiment. zack_jackson (16:13.592) Hmm. ian (16:14.165) Interesting. rachael (16:17.101) One of the things that you had said when looking at these exoplanets was, you know, we look at them and we want to see them and what's going on with them. And then you added the line, and of course, detect life. And that's where our conversation has gone for the last couple of minutes. But I'm wondering, you added that phrase that seems to think that finding life is part, entire reason for studying exoplanets. And I'm wondering, A, why you think that? And B, what that says about, you know, making it very narcissistic and Earth-centered, what that says about us. chris_impey (16:54.799) Mm-hmm. chris_impey (17:02.778) Right. Okay. So good question. I can unpack that in parts. I mean, yes, if I were a geologist or a planetary scientist, I'd be just pleased as punch and happy as a pig in a poke to just study exoplanets. That's all that I'm happy. I've got 5300 new, new geological worlds to study. Whereas the solar system only has a handful. Oh, yeah. So depending on your discipline, you might be totally zack_jackson (17:16.049) Hehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehe rachael (17:19.507) Right! chris_impey (17:32.718) properties. But astrobiology, I mean astrobiology writ large is the study of life in the universe, and the context for that search for life in the universe is the fact that we only know of one example of life, and that's on this planet. And everything in astronomy and the history of astronomy, and the Copernicus onwards, has told us we're not special, has told us there's nothing singular zack_jackson (17:59.891) Thank you. Bye. chris_impey (18:02.718) about our solar system, about our galaxy, or our position in the galaxy, and so on. In space and time, we are not special. And so, you know, for biology to be unique to this planet, when the ingredients are widespread, we've detected carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, the biogenic elements out to distances of 12, 13 billion light years, almost to the birth of the universe. Water is one of the, you might think it's special. Earth is a water world. Well, actually, some of the exoplanets have 10 to 30 times more water. water than the Earth. So it's not, the Earth isn't really a water world even, pale blue dot, it's not that special. And water is one of the most abundant molecules in the universe too. So all the ingredients, the table is set for life in the universe. And as the universe is evolved and is quite old, more and more of those biogenic elements are made by stars and spat out into space to become part of new star systems and planets. And so in an old mature universe with a lot of heavy elements, and with many habitable locations now, we the best guess is 20 billion Earth-like habitable worlds just in our galaxy, then it just, whether or not it's central to astrobiology, it absolutely begs the question, is biology unique to this planet? Because it really shouldn't be statistically. However, logically, you know, to be correct and scientific, it's possible that there were a unique set of accidents and flukes that led to life on Earth, and it is unique. It would still chris_impey (19:33.038) It's historical science to wonder how life on earth developed and nobody's ever built a cell from scratch in the lab people have done various parts of that experiment and They can't connect all the dots, but they've done some very interesting experiments that certainly suggest It's not a fluke that the whole thing happened. You need time. You need the possibilities of Chemicals bumping into each other and getting more complex, but that tends to happen It happens if you do it in a computer it in a lab as well as you can. And so the context of the ingredients for life being so widespread and there not seeming to be any sort of bizarre, flukish occurrence in the development of at least replicating molecules that could store information, if not a full cell, would certainly lead you to anticipate life elsewhere. And then game on, because the big question then is, so there are two almost binary questions you're trying to answer, which is why the field is so exciting. Is there life beyond Earth, yes or no? And then if yes, is it like our life? Is it biology? Because everything on Earth, from a fungal spore to a butterfly to a blue whale, is the same biological experiment. They seem like very diverse things, but that's one genetic code. experiment that led to that diversity after a long time, after four billion years of evolution. And there's no reason to expect, even if the ingredients for life and the basis for biology exist far beyond Earth and in many locations, there's no real reason to expect that it would play out the same way elsewhere. And so that second question, is it like Earth life, is a very big question. rachael (21:27.201) Just as a curiosity, when did, if you know, when did microbes appear on Earth? chris_impey (21:39.158) So the earliest, the indications of life on Earth, the history of that is really tricky, because as you know, the Earth is a restless planet, and we weren't there, it's historical science, and it's possible you may never answer the question, but the big problem is the restless Earth. It's very hard, there's only a handful of places on Earth, Western Australia, Greenland, somewhere in South Africa, where you can find four billion year old rocks. They just don't exist. I mean, everything's been churned by geology and eroded rachael (21:46.661) We weren't there. Yeah. Yeah. Yeah. rachael (21:56.104) Right. chris_impey (22:09.338) Weathered and so on so just even and that's about when we think life started So you're dealing with you know a crime scene where the evidence has been trampled many times and the crowds have just Obliterated the evidence so that's a hard thing and then the second hard thing is that the incipient Traces of life as you get to cells are very indirect They're sort of just you they're biochemical tracers or sorry there. They're chemical imbalances isotopic imbalances of versus normal carbon and so on. Because you're not looking for fully fossilized cells. So if you're just looking at what would be called chemical tracers of life, they're pretty good, but argumentative, this field is not resolved, traces that go back about 3.8 billion years. If you're asking when do you have the first fossil life forms, fossilized microbes, single cells, rachael (23:00.421) Okay. chris_impey (23:09.238) to 3.4, 3.5 billion years, and that's people then stop arguing about it. I think they believe that evidence. And then there's this enormous long time between that and multi-celled organisms. That step in the evolution of life seems to have taken a long time. You could infer that that means it's difficult or doesn't happen very often, but that's a dangerous inference from data of one. All the inferences, hazardous. So astrobiologists have to keep pinching themselves and saying, it's a sample of one. It's a sample of one. rachael (23:30.921) Thank you. Thank you. zack_jackson (23:32.75) Thank you. Bye. rachael (23:39.721) One does not make a line. One day to... That's right. That's right. That's right. That's right. That's right. That's right. That's right. That's right. That's right. That's right. That's right. That's right. That's right. That's right. That's right. That's right. That's right. That's right. That's right. That's right. That's right. That's right. That's right. That's right. That's right. That's right. That's right. chris_impey (23:41.139) Don't draw too many conclusions. So, yeah, the cell formation, the evolution of the first cells and microbes seem to have taken 300 or 400 million years from the first chemical traces of life. But those chemical traces, we don't know. There's that Zircon that was found in Western Australia, 4.404 billion years accurately measured by radioactive dating. chris_impey (24:09.378) environment and so there's evidence really soon after the earth formed when it was just a hellhole of a place you know impacts and craters and geological activity that the earth surface was almost tacky like magma and yet there were there were any ingredients for life there so nobody would rule out life going back very close to the formation of the earth but then but tracing all these evolutionary paths is really hard I mean we have stromatolites which are modern descendants of the first microbial colonies. You can go to Western Australia, Shark's Bay, I've been there and it's great, they're stromatolites. These were just the same as they were now three billion years ago, it's really cool. One of the things you can't see behind me is my stromatolite collection. rachael (24:53.985) Yeah. rachael (24:59.962) One of the reasons, yeah, that's fascinating. It makes a collector about that. It makes a collector. Um. Yeah. zack_jackson (25:00.071) kind of a few collections chris_impey (25:01.578) Yeah. Oh, well, three. Does that make a collection? ian (25:05.749) It's good enough. chris_impey (25:07.958) Well, yes. It's like primitive counting systems, one, two, many. So I have many. I have many. I have many. I have many. I have many. I have many. I have many. I have many. I have many. I have many. I have many. I have many. I have many. I have many. I have many. I have many. I have many. I have many. I have many. I have many. I have many. I have many. I have many. I have many. rachael (25:13.941) That's right. zack_jackson (25:15.016) Ha! rachael (25:19.021) One of the reasons I was asking that question about Earth, because you were talking about these very far away planets and looking for microbial, likely microbial life, then showing up in the atmosphere by its various products. And so my question was stemming from how far back are these planets that we're looking at? a really long time to create its microbes, then perhaps, since we're looking so far back in time, that maybe those microbes exist now, but when we're looking at them, they didn't exist. Right, that lovely time, space question. chris_impey (25:51.579) Mm-hmm. chris_impey (26:02.098) Right. So in that context, it's important to say that the exoplanets we're finding are in our backyard. So Kepler, NASA's Kepler mission is really responsible for almost half the exoplanets, even though it stopped operating a few years ago. And so the most exoplanets we know of are within 100 to 1,000 light years. And that's our backyard. The Milky Way is 100,000 light years across. rachael (26:12.785) Okay. rachael (26:28.064) Oh, close. Yeah. chris_impey (26:32.398) And of course, logically, therefore, we're only seeing them as they were a century or millennium ago, which is no time geologically. So we can't see that far back. So we're not really looking at ancient history. However, the more important point, having mentioned that carbon nitrogen, oxygen, and water have been around in the universe for a long time, is that we now can very confidently say, even if we can't locate such objects, that an earth clone, rachael (26:32.606) Okay. rachael (26:38.901) Yeah, it's no time at all. Yeah. chris_impey (27:02.098) something as close to Earth as you could imagine, could have been created within a billion years of the Big Bang. And that's seven billion years before the Earth formed. So there are potential biological experiments out there that have a seven billion year head start on us and then add the four billion four and a half billion years of evolution. And that's boggling because you know, we can't imagine what evolution and biology might come up with given 10 or 12 billion years to evolve rather zack_jackson (27:11.75) Hmm. chris_impey (27:31.958) Maybe it makes no difference at all. Maybe these things are slow and they're hard and the Earth was actually one of the fastest kids on the block rather than one of the slowest kids on the block. We don't know. Sample of one again. We'll just put that as a big asterisk over almost everything I say so I don't have to keep saying sample of one. Okay. zack_jackson (27:32.014) Hmm. rachael (27:41.861) Simple of one. zack_jackson (27:42.808) Yeah. zack_jackson (27:48.834) No. rachael (27:49.221) That'll just be today's episode title, right? Today's sample of one. Okay. Okay. Okay. Okay. Okay. Okay. Okay. Okay. Okay. Okay. Okay. Okay. Okay. Okay. Okay. Okay. Okay. Okay. Okay. Okay. Okay. Okay. Okay. Okay. Okay. chris_impey (27:51.14) Yeah, right. zack_jackson (27:52.65) That's Apple F1. chris_impey (27:55.038) Yeah, induction is a bitch when you can't do it. zack_jackson (27:55.492) So. zack_jackson (28:02.51) So we've talked a lot about the how it's possible, how we might detect it, but what do you think it might do to our sense of self and our sense of spirituality, our sense of humanity, our sense of earth? Should we start discovering life outside of, or at least biological markers in other places? chris_impey (28:28.898) Right. I mean, I think it sort of bifurcates if we find microbial life elsewhere and improve it, you know, it's beyond a reasonable doubt. And even if we don't know if it's our biology or not, it's just a biomarker that's irrefutable or set of biomarkers. That will be a transformative, epochal event in the history of science. It'll be dramatic. But it will make front page headlines and then fade, I would say, fairly rapidly, because it's microbes. zack_jackson (28:44.618) Mm-hmm. chris_impey (28:58.858) Like, that's Ponskum or stuff on your shower curtain, like, okay, who cares? So, I mean being facetious, but not too facetious, because I think the public will just be interested and science interested people will be very interested, and books will be written, and documentaries will be made, and so on. But in the public consciousness, I don't think it will permeate very far or persist very long. Of course, the counterpoint of if we decide we found intelligent life in the universe through those techno markers. zack_jackson (29:03.391) Ha ha ha. chris_impey (29:28.978) you know, the search for artificial radio or optical signals from some civilization. So they're obviously artificial and they couldn't have been produced by nature. That will be more profound, of course, because that's companionship in the universe. And that will raise all sorts of questions. So I think it really divides that way. And since the universe logically, if life exists in the universe elsewhere, there'll be many more microbes than intelligent civilizations. You know. ian (29:29.523) Mm-hmm. chris_impey (29:58.858) seed in that first mode. Although SETI is a side bet. I mean SETI for 65 years has been placing this little side bet. Okay, yeah, we can look for microbes and those are hard experiments and now we can almost do it. But let's always place this side bet of jumping over the evolutionary path from microbes to men or humans and look for those intelligent technological civilizations directly. And so it's worth doing. I'm not science scientists are divided on SETI, even astronomers are divided on it, whether it's a worthwhile pursuit or not, whether it's even scientific or not. That's the strongest critique of SETI is that unlike, you know, if I wanted to go to the National Science Foundation and get a million dollar grant to study some issue of, you know, solid state physics or high energy physics, I'd have to propose an experiment and define my parameters and how I was going to control variables and say how I would interpret the data. could refute or confirm. SETI doesn't have that kind of situation. They don't know how to define success or failure even. Well, they can define success more or less, but they can't define failure and they can't say what the probability of success is. So it's not a normal scientific pursuit. So that's the critique of SETI from scientists, but I still think it's worth doing. ian (31:04.946) Right. ian (31:23.628) Yeah. rachael (31:24.842) You talked about, and I think you're probably right in terms of how much people will care in the long run or in their day-to-day life or, right? Okay, so we found some microbes from, you know, a thousand light years away. I don't, that didn't reduce my student loan at all. But like, didn't, thank you. It's nice, saw the headlines. It's now three years later. chris_impey (31:45.018) Right. rachael (31:54.441) But I've noticed that you did a lot of work with the Vatican and with monks, and I think that that's a different population that might respond to and other religious figures, but specifically those I'm asking you because those are the groups that you've worked with. They might respond a little bit differently to this existence. Could you speak a little bit ian (32:01.35) Yeah chris_impey (32:16.803) Right. rachael (32:23.726) in this idea of how it would change. chris_impey (32:25.658) Sure. And maybe preface it with just the cultural comment, with independent religion, that the other issue that will arise with, I mean, if microbial life is found elsewhere and astrobiology is a real field with the subject matter, finally, yeah, it's foundational for science. And of course, it terraforms biology because, you know, if you want to poke, if physicists want to poke at biologists who say, well, you just spent your whole life studying one form of biology, What about all the other forms? You don't have a general theory of biology like we have a standard model of particle physics because you've just been studying one thing like staring at your navel. Well, what about all that stuff out there? Okay, so so it'll be a big deal for biology for all of science but on the intelligent life or advanced life, the problem with what happens outside the scientific community is it's not a tabula rasa. It's not a blank slate. The popular culture, especially in the US ian (32:59.524) Hmm. ian (33:08.503) Thank you. Bye. chris_impey (33:25.718) but almost everywhere now, is so primed for the fact that, A, it's already there and sure, and B, it's visited, and three, it's abducted some of our people, and four, it can make a list of all the conspiracy theories and wild ideas about alien life. And they're just so embedded in the popular culture that it's like that the fact of the existence of intelligent aliens has been amortized. It's sort of been, it's just already been built in. zack_jackson (33:39.8) Thank you. chris_impey (33:55.698) in to the culture. And so, you know, that would lead to a collective shrug. Well, sure, we knew that, you know, the government's been hiding this stuff from us for 70 years, since Roswell. So, you know, and now your astronomers are coming along and telling us, oh, it exists and you're all excited, really? Oh, come on, you know. So I think that's the larger cultural issue or problem or whatever, it's not a problem, it's just amusing to me. But as far as a religious reaction to this, and I'll say, zack_jackson (34:02.271) Hmm. rachael (34:04.421) Thank you. Bye. zack_jackson (34:05.05) Thank you. Bye. zack_jackson (34:12.722) Ha! chris_impey (34:25.698) the gate that I'm an agnostic, which my wife's a pretty hardcore atheist. And so she gives me a hard time about being agnostic. She thinks that's a kind of, it's a kind of wussy position to take. But I, and I argue with her, we argue vigorously about that one. I argue with her and I use the phrase that was attributed to Feynman. And I think he did say this in the biography of Richard Feynman, famous physicist. His biographer said, zack_jackson (34:43.45) Fantastic. chris_impey (34:55.738) Feynman believed in the primacy of doubt and that he held as a high scientific mark and doubt skepticism and doubt is a is a very high mark of a scientist. So I'm proud to wear that mantle of skepticism doubt of not being sure and being okay with not being sure. So I'm an agnostic but I do keep bad company and some of that bad company is Jesuits. Don't you know, don't don't go drinking with Jesuits. You'll you'll you'll end up in a rachael (34:59.461) Thank you. Bye. ian (35:13.024) Right. zack_jackson (35:14.092) Yeah. chris_impey (35:25.798) and a Rome gutter somewhere and they'll be they'll have got back home safely. With the Buddhists, the other group I hang out with, you don't have to worry about being drunk in a gutter because they really don't drink. They do bend the rules a bit, you know, I've seen them eat a lot of meat for people who are supposed to be vegans and vegetarians. But anyway, those are the two tribes that I've sort of affiliated myself with. And their reactions or perspectives on life in the universe is are quite different. They're interesting. Each the Buddhists that I've been with and I've read behind this of course and read some of their More you know the scholarly articles written about this It is completely unexceptional in their tradition to contemplate a universe filled with life That could be more advanced It could be human like or it could be more advanced or different from humans in also a vast universe with cycles of time and birth and and death of the universe and rebirth of other universes. So the Byzantine possibilities of life in the universe are pretty standard stuff for them and would not surprise them at all. They do get into more tricky issues when they come to define life itself, which biologists of course have trouble with, or sentience, which is also a tricky issue. But on the larger issue of the existence of life in the universe far beyond Earth, that's just non-controversial. zack_jackson (36:48.35) Hmm. chris_impey (36:55.898) to them and when I say that's what we anticipate and that's what scientists expect it's like okay sure and the Jesuits are in a different slightly different space they're of course in an unusual space as we know within the Catholic Church because they're you know they're the scholarly branch you know they're they're devoted to scholarship they from Gregory and the calendar reform they were liberated to measure ian (37:17.944) Mm-hmm. chris_impey (37:25.678) the heavens and then eventually that just segwayed smoothly into doing astronomy research. The Jesuits have been doing pretty straight up astronomical research since certainly the early 19th century, so quite a long time. And they have that sort of intellectual independence of being able to pursue those ideas. All the Jesuit astronomers I know, there are I think 11 or 12 in the Vatican Observatory and they all live the double life. They're all PhD astronomers. rachael (37:37.221) Thank you. chris_impey (37:55.798) with parishes. So it's not a problem. Whoever else, whoever elsewhere might think there's a conflict between science and religion, they don't see it. They don't feel it. And if you ask... Yeah. Yeah. ian (38:05.145) Mm-hmm. zack_jackson (38:06.03) No. And if anyone out there wants to hear more about that, they can listen to episode episode 113 with brother guy, the, uh, the director. Yeah. ian (38:10.246) We have an episode. chris_impey (38:13.821) Right. ian (38:15.343) Director of the Vatican Observatory. chris_impey (38:16.418) Sure, sure. So I've known guys since, well, since he was a grad student actually, and a long time. And yes, and so they, they're pursuing it from a scholarly direction. And for them, it's also uncontroversial that there would be life elsewhere. Now, what is the, you know, what does that do to God's creation when you imagine that Earth and humans are no longer the centerpiece of it? That's a more interesting question. zack_jackson (38:22.034) Wow. chris_impey (38:46.298) I've had debates about that. And I heard Jose Funes, who was the previous director of the Vatican Observatory and Argentinian astronomer, in a press conference actually in the Vatican City State when we had a conference on astrobiology. In response to a question about astrobiology, because that was what the conference was about, he gave a very interesting answer. He said he gave a parable of Christ in the flock of sheep and how there was the sheep that was lost. you know, you had to gather back to the rest of the flock. And he didn't complete the story, he just left it hanging there. And so you were left wondering, are we the lost sheep, you know, and the other, and all the intelligent aliens out there are the rest of the flock? And what's the message, you know? So he sort of almost muddied the waters with his little parable. But in the manner of how they view the universe, zack_jackson (39:27.914) Hmm. rachael (39:28.621) Thank you. Bye. zack_jackson (39:33.792) Hmm. chris_impey (39:46.398) the rules of physics. I used to teach a team graduate cosmology with Bill Staker, who is one of their tribe. Sadly, he died a few years ago. We teach cosmology and he's a relativist. He works on general relativity and the Big Bang and all that. And if I was just wanting to pull his leg at breakfast, we had breakfast before we taught us to organize ourselves. I could do one of two things. I could say, oh, Bill, physics, we got you with physics. is squeezed back to the first 10 to the minus 43 seconds. Got to the gaps, there it is, that's a little gap. And then physics owns the rest, you know. And then if I was really feeling frisky, I'd sort of, since he was a Catholic, I'd tease him about the three impossible things he has to believe every morning before breakfast. Virgin birth, resurrection, et cetera, you know. So I don't know how all those circles are squared truly because we've had, you know, I've had conversations. zack_jackson (40:22.572) Hmm. zack_jackson (40:26.32) Hehehehehe zack_jackson (40:35.05) Thank you. Thank you. Thank you. Thank you. Thank you. Thank you. Thank you. Thank you. Thank you. Thank you. Thank you. Thank you. Thank you. Thank you. Thank you. Thank you. Thank you. Thank you. Thank you. Thank you. Thank you. Thank you. Thank you. Thank you. Thank you. Thank you. Thank you. Thank you. Thank you. Thank you. Thank you. Thank you. Thank you. Thank you. Thank you. Thank you. Thank you. Thank you. Thank you. Thank you. Thank you. Thank you. Thank you. Thank you. Thank you. chris_impey (40:46.798) But I know that it's not a conflict or a tension or even a problem to imagine life in the universe and even intelligent life. So for neither of those two very different religious tribes, does it seem to be an issue? ian (41:06.443) So can you talk more about, especially how you got involved? Cause I think that science for the monks and nuns program was really interesting. And, you know, one, how you got involved, but you know, reading your book Humble Before the Void was just very interesting to kind of see about your experience from there. And you told us before we started recording that you wrote that after your first time going and that you've been there eight or nine times now. What has all of this been like for you? How has it had an impact on your work and also your personal life? if yes and what ways. chris_impey (41:38.798) Yeah, it was a sort of profound, it's been a profound experience since 2008, I guess, so it's almost 15 years and eight trips. So the first time was one of those great things of you come across the transom professionally. Sometimes I got a call from a colleague that I didn't know that well, who he knew I had an education, a good reputation as an educator. And he just called me, he's a postdoc at Berkeley actually, an environmental science postdoc. He said, how'd you like to go and teach the Dalai Lama's monks cosmology? And it's not a question you ruminate over or look at your skit, look at, oh, I'll check my calendar. Let me get back to you. No, you just say yes, and then you make it happen. So I said yes, and then it happened. And I was savvy enough in hindsight to take my 17-year-old Paul with me on that trip. And he'd never been anywhere out, he'd been to Europe a couple of times, but he'd never been to Asia or anywhere exotic. zack_jackson (42:14.65) Ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha rachael (42:17.821) Ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha zack_jackson (42:23.05) Thank you. Bye. chris_impey (42:38.738) if you like. And so that was a profound trip in that sense. It was a bonding with your 17-year-old and you know, we were a little more adventurous together than either of us might have been on our own. And so the context was that invitation. And then I learned that his holiness the Dalai Lama, who famously has said in his autobiography that if he hadn't been selected at age four to be the of compassion would have been an engineer. Fine, that's an interesting statement to make. But, and it meant that when he was a child in Eastern Tibet, in a pretty primitive village, you know, he would just infuriate his parents by taking apart their clocks and mechanical devices and never quite putting them together again. So he had this analytic and mechanical and engineering and scientific mindset even as a child. And then of course his future was cast into the role he had zack_jackson (43:11.134) Hmm. zack_jackson (43:25.992) Hmm. chris_impey (43:38.798) he took. But he's always had that strong interest in science. So he looked around 20 or so years ago and realized that the monastic tradition, his, the Gelug tradition, of course, or other traditions in Buddhism, was sort of outdated. You know, the monastic training was extremely rigorous. They take years and years of rhetoric and philosophy and theology and comparative religion and all sorts of things. But there's very little science, very little math. And in the schools, there's zack_jackson (43:39.972) Bye. chris_impey (44:08.718) very little science and very little math. And he just thought that was unacceptable. He said, my monks and nuns, the nun part actually did come later. And that was a good part of his work to make the level of playing field for monastic training to include nuns. But he just said, these my monastics cannot be prepared for life in the 21st century if they don't have science and math. And so in the manner that he does these things, he just looked around and waved his arm and said, make this happen, you know, and I've now zack_jackson (44:19.05) Thank you. Thank you. zack_jackson (44:30.035) Yeah. zack_jackson (44:37.45) Hehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehehe chris_impey (44:38.798) heard from proximity to people in his orbit that his holiness, the Dalai Lama says a lot of things. He has great ideas. He's very activist. He's very visionary. And he says all sorts of things. And people scurry around and sometimes they just ignore him. Sometimes nothing happens. But this one, they decided to make it happen. And what happened was they looked around Dharamsala chris_impey (45:08.658) the blue, who was an educator and a scientist, a young scientist. And they just glommed on to him and they said, Hey, can you help us with this? Can you set something up? And so he set up the science for monks program, then science for monks and nuns. When the nuns came on board and I was one of the early people he called. And so the model was to bring three to four Western teachers in different subjects. The Dalai Lama's core interest. it doesn't mirror a bit his interests, which are evolutionary biology, neuroscience, physics, math, and then environmental sciences come on board too. So it's not every field of science. So these, we would come out as Western teachers and there'd be cohorts of monks and then monks and nuns, about 24 in a group. And we do three week intensive workshops and they're very intense, you know, we're in the classroom six, seven hours a day and then our evening sessions or observing zack_jackson (45:50.671) Hmm. chris_impey (46:08.658) telescopes. So it's kind of grueling actually, but it's inspiring as well. And eventually, the idea is that enough of the monks and nuns will be trained to be educators themselves, and you won't need to depend on Westerners to come out and do this. And they're not really there yet, but they could get there. I don't want them to get there, because then I won't get invited out. So it was a singular experience. And the book I wrote, of course, was fresh, zack_jackson (46:24.494) Hmm. chris_impey (46:38.738) I was really, I wrote it not long after the first trip. And to your question of did it affect me or change me? Well, yes, in many ways, some of which I probably haven't fully appreciated. I mean, first of all, it was a deep embedding in a culture, in a way that I'd never done. I was pretty experienced world traveler, but in that sort of slightly superficial way of someone who goes to Asia and tries to hang out and go to a bar in a local restaurant and see the sights, but you don't really get to know the people ian (47:05.228) Mm-hmm chris_impey (47:08.838) you're moving around. So being three weeks, sometimes four weeks, and then traveling with them afterwards or during, you know, really you get to learn the culture. You also see in these northern Indian towns, most of the workshops are in northern India, there's now in southern India, Bidtabhatta, Nepal for this too. They're mixing very well. India has a, you know, kind of black mark on it right now with its current government of sort of sectarian strife and Most recently with the Sikhs, but also obviously with Muslims But in those little northern Indian villages where there are sometimes 50 percent Buddhist 50 percent Hindus They really get on pretty well. I mean that they're just they're sort of under the radar the geopolitics or the What the Modi government is doing at the time so? It works pretty well, and it's nice to see that So I learned that I saw the culture up close. I would be part of their rituals and go, you know and ian (47:50.666) Mm-hmm. chris_impey (48:08.758) see everything they saw and listen to their prayers and talk to their scholars. And so it was a pretty deep embedding. And then as far as my own life, when I come back, rather than just view it as, you know, amazing experience, I got some beautiful photos. I had these great memories. Um, it did sort of make me reflect a little, uh, because of their, the ethos they had. And their ethos is, is of course very, um, very different from most of a Western ethos. It's a Buddhist are all about compassion and suffering, suffering and compassion. They do go together. They're almost bedfellows. So I got the message, I think very early on, when I was walking towards the lecture hall and it was at one of these Tibetan children villages and they're very poignant places. They're about 11 or maybe now 14 Tibetan children villages in the northern part of India. And that's where the refugees go. ian (48:46.008) Mm-hmm. chris_impey (49:09.158) that escaped. So almost all the monks in my early workshops left Tibet when they were teenagers even younger, brought across the ice fields by family members at great risk. Some didn't make it, others lost toes and fingers from frostbite. They had to go in the winter because the Chinese troops would intercept them and even even then did in the winter. So they were orphans, And they grow up and go to these Tibetan children villages, sort of orphanages, really. And so I was walking towards the lecture hall, which is situated in one of these villages. And there was a hard, scrabble, packed dirt soccer pitch. You know, it looked really uncomfortable for falling. I am enough of a Brit to have experienced playing football soccer on really nice grass, because England does have good grass, you know. And I was thinking, the first thing I thought, damn, I don't want to play football. rachael (50:04.321) Ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ian (50:04.525) Right. zack_jackson (50:05.412) Hmm chris_impey (50:08.918) on that field. That would be brutal. So there was this football field and there was a 10-foot wall behind it running the length of the football field, painted white, and on top of it in 10-foot high letters was a slogan of the school, others before self. And I was just thinking, I wonder how many American high schools would have that as their slogan. How would that go down with the, you know, social media, me generation, whatever. rachael (50:10.621) Ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ian (50:31.167) Right. rachael (50:31.321) Ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha zack_jackson (50:32.25) Hmm ian (50:34.845) Yeah. chris_impey (50:38.918) So that was one thing. And then a series of those little messages sort of sink in about how they do operate differently from us or me. And so one thing it made me reflect on when I went back home was I immediately embedded back in my academic life and hustling the next grant and writing the next paper and talking to my collaborators. And I just realized how really how intensely pressured. rachael (50:40.763) Wow. chris_impey (51:08.658) Darwinian that science, Western science system is, it's kind of, you know, it kind of grinds you down. I mean, I've been hustling for grants from funding agencies for 40 years and I kind of burned out on it, you know, it's hard. It doesn't get any easier because there's younger whippersnappers that are very smart and, you know, they're going to get your grant. So it definitely made me reflect on the sort of hyper competitive nature of some parts of zack_jackson (51:21.042) Hmm. ian (51:21.047) Mm-hmm. rachael (51:28.721) Thank you. Bye. chris_impey (51:39.719) and just reflect on what is important. Is it important to know something, or to teach something, or to give something, or to what is important? And how does that work when you're a scientist and educator? And that's it. Thank you for watching. I hope you enjoyed this video. I'll see you in the next one. Bye. ian (51:56.043) Yeah. Well, it's just interesting reading the book and I told you before we're recording. I've not been on to finish it yet, but I look forward to finish it just because, you know, one, you know, as I've already said, you're a fantastic writer for the lay audience, the general public, which is not something, you know, I've, I've worked with many scientists as a science educator and many of the ones I've worked with have said they struggle with that. Right. So I always applaud that. Um, but then just the, the personal experiences you shared and. chris_impey (51:59.833) I'm ian (52:26.163) humble before the void was just very interesting to me, especially someone who I have embraced meditation and mindfulness over the past three or four years and gotten really into it. And so, you know, first when I, when you shared that book with us and saw that the Dalai Lama wrote, you know, the preface for it and everything, I just was immediately fascinated because I find him to be absolutely fascinating in his perspective on things. So chris_impey (52:47.298) Yeah, I mean, I was, I mean, I've been privileged to meet him a couple of times. And, uh, and it's always, uh, a singular experience. Uh, the first time was that first trip out actually. And, and it was in that same Tibetan children village. And that was, this was in the winter. I was a January is a very, um, very difficult time to be there. It's in the foothills of the Himalayas. Quite high up. Dharamsala has trivial factoid that a Brit will appreciate like me. Um, It has the world's highest cricket stadium. And so drum solo, there you go. Now you know, when you get asked that, now you know. So we were in this auditorium, this cold auditorium, very cold, and they'd given the Westerners blankets, put over their legs, and even a few little heaters around. But it was brutal. And he was going to give an opening address. And everyone was full of excitement and anticipation. It was probably 2,000 people. But it was a cold, it was an unadorned Spartan auditorium ian (53:20.331) Oh. zack_jackson (53:20.594) Hmm. Ha ha ha. ian (53:25.403) Exactly. zack_jackson (53:34.892) Hmm. chris_impey (53:47.498) on a below freezing day in the Himalayas. And along that football field outside, which is the way his little, he has the equivalent of a pokemobile, he has the DL mobile or whatever that he comes into a place with, that he was gonna come along the edge of the field. And I'd seen walking in that the school children were starting to assemble in a long row along the side of the football field along the place his vehicle would come. And we were waiting zack_jackson (54:01.775) Thank you. Bye. chris_impey (54:17.258) He was late and it was so cold and it was quiet. People were murmuring, nothing was happening. And then suddenly we heard this sound, this wave of singing. So they were singing him in as his vehicle arrived. And I was like, wow, that was so cool. Just the sound of that. And then he came and he just radiates when he's in a room. And he's a little frail. He had trouble getting up the three steps onto the stage. But his grin is just... Oh, it's just... anyone who remelt the hardest heart. He's just so... and his comments are always, you know, they're always kind of offhand and insightful and, you know, he has a very interesting and sensibility. So that's been a remarkable thing. But the monks all had their own insights and I learned a lot from them. I mean, I was teaching them but I was learning a lot from them. And they gave me, you know, when you teach, well, the other thing I didn't say about the ian (55:12.667) Mm-hmm. chris_impey (55:17.418) experience there, which was also restorative for me, is, you know, I depend on my high tech gadgets and my PowerPoints and my whatever. And I was pretty much warned. I said, you're going to be pretty much off the grid. And it was almost like that. And there were a couple of workshops where, you know, if the cold water, if the water was hot, you were lucky. If the power stayed on all day in the classroom, you were lucky. There was hardly any equipment. We make these, these runs rachael (55:25.325) Hmm. chris_impey (55:47.278) These equipment runs down to the local bazaar, and we buy matchsticks and cloth and cardboard and foil and just super primitive ingredients to make experiments back in the classroom, rather than bring stuff out from the West. So you had to improvise, and it was good to do that. It was good to have to lecture and talk and use simple analogies and simple equipment. And so they informed me about that, too, because I wondered how they understood zack_jackson (56:02.75) Thank you. Bye. chris_impey (56:17.278) these very abstract things of physics and cosmology. And I think the first striking little insight I had, because I was always reaching for a good analogy. And then, so I sort of turned the tab

In this week's edition of the Weekly Investment Trust Podcast, Jonathan Davis, editor of the Investment Trusts Handbook, speaks to Emma Bird, head of research at Winterflood Securities, John Evans, chairman at J.P.Morgan Mid-Cap (JMF), and Andrew Impey, chairman at J.P.Morgan UK Smaller Companies (JMI). We are grateful for the support of J.P. Morgan Asset Management, which enables us to keep the podcast free. Section Timestamps: 0:00:39 - Review of the week 0:03:36 - This week's guests 0:04:26 - Money Makers Circle 0:05:13 - Corporate news and announcements 0:11:35 - Summary of results 0:16:14 - Q&A with Emma Bird 0:16:32 - A turning point in the investment trust cycle? 0:22:01 - The Autumn Statement 0:23:02 - Interesting trusts 0:26:51 - The property sector 0:32:43 - Trusts' performance 0:38:26 - The sector as a whole and yields 0:40:53 - Q&A with John Evans and Andrew Impey. 0:41:54 - Origins of the merger proposal 0:46:28 - Why have the small cap trust as the continuing vehicle 0:49:56 - The look of the combined trust 0:52:51 - Differentiation 0:53:51 - Cash exit offer 0:57:51 - Enhanced income approach 1:03:13 - Managerial decisions 1:05:13 - The health of the sector 1:11:18 - Close Trusts mentioned this week (with tickers): Seraphim Space Investment Trust (SSIT), Literacy Capital (BOOK), JPMorgan UK Smaller Companies (JMI), JPMorgan Mid-Cap (JMF), BBGI Global Infrastructure (BBGI), Picton Property Income (PCTN), UK Commercial Property (UKCM), Hipgnosis Songs Fund (SONG), Gresham House Energy Storage (GRID), Biopharma Credit (BPCR), Caledonian (CLDN), Edinburgh Investment Trust (EDIN), HICL Infrastructure (HICL), Next Energy Solar Fund (NESF), Pantheon International (PIN), TwentyFour Select Monthly Income (SMIF), Sequoia Economic Infrastructure (SEQI), CT Private Equity (CTPE), TR Property (TRY), Tritax Big Box (BBOX), LXi REIT (LXI), Supermarket Income REIT (SUPR), Regional REIT (RGL), Value and Indexed Property Income (VIP), Triple Point Social Housing (SOHO), Home REIT (HOME). If you enjoy the weekly podcast, you may also find value in joining The Money Makers circle. This is a membership scheme that offers listeners to the podcast an opportunity, in return for a modest monthly or annual subscription, to receive additional premium content, including interviews, performance data, market/portfolio reviews and regular extracts from the editor's notebook. This week, as well as the regular features, the Circle features a profile of Fidelity Asian Values (FAS). Future profiles coming soon include International Biotechnology Trust (IBT) and BlackRock Greater Europe (BRGE). For more information about the Money Makers circle, please visit money-makers.co/membership-join. Membership helps to cover the cost of producing the weekly investment trust podcast, which will continue to be free. We are very grateful for your continued support and the enthusiastic response to our over 180 podcasts since launch. You can find more information, including relevant disclosures, at www.money-makers.co. Please note that this podcast is provided for educational purposes only and nothing you hear should be considered as investment advice. Our podcasts are also available on the Association of Investment Companies website, www.theaic.co.uk. Produced by Ben Gamblin.

Join this channel to get access to perks:https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCu93zN6Q_ygmzRcIa8elTTw/joinCheck out Nigel's Facebook:https://www.facebook.com/nigel.impey.7TYPICAL SKEPTIC MERCH STORE:https://my-store-d53dc3.creator-spring.com

Shay McLeod of Symmetry Physio won the free race entry to IRONMAN 70.3 Melbourne. He was unable to finish the race due to a calf injury but shares his expertise as a Physiotherapist on how he plans to rehabilitate his calf before his next race in December, IRONMAN Western Australia. We have a free race entry giveaway to the Tarawera Ultra. We review the recent Outdoor Magazine article highlighting the revolution of carbohydrates, the now greatly increased ability to digest larger amounts of carbs plus their importance in an athlete's diet. We also discuss the trend for low carb or fasted training and where it might still have its place in a training program.  We share excerpts from our interview with Bora-Hansgrohe World Tour cycling team Nutritionist Dr Tim Podlogar, out tomorrow. Dr Sam Impey of Hexis tells us about their new coach's desktop initiative ‘Coach Hub'. (0:04:13) – Tim and Kate Baldwin have recorded a segment about managing injuries. The first one is around stress fractures. (0:06:24) – Infinit Nutrition 10% discount for all listeners with the code FITTER10  (0:06:32) - ULTRO Earbuds 15% discount for all our listeners with the code ULTRO15  (0:06:49) – Shay McLeod won the free race entry to IRONMAN 70.3 Melbourne. We find out how it all went and how to rehab calf injuries. (0:27:35) – Maintaining running fitness in the face of an injury – ‘rucking'. (0:32:20) – Free race entry competition for the Tarawera Ultra. (0:35:30) – How the carbohydrate revolution is speeding up pro cycling. (0:39:03) – Introduction to Tim Podlogar. (0:40:19) – Excerpts from the interview with Tim Podlogar – out tomorrow (0:55:56) – Dr Sam Impey of Hexis talks about the new Coaches Desktop initiative ‘Coach Hub'. (1:09:25) – Racing and tri news. LINKS: Infinit Nutrition 10% discount using the code FITTER10 at  https://www.infinitnutrition.com.au/ Note: For the code to work you need to have created an account and be logged in. ULTRO Earbuds 15% discount using the code ULTRO15 at https://www.ultroaudio.com/ IRONMAN 70.3 Melbourne at https://www.ironman.com/im703-melbourne Shay McLeod at https://symmetry.physio/staff/hoppers-crossing/ Tarawera Ultra at https://www.taraweraultra.co.nz/ Outside Online article at https://velo.outsideonline.com/road/road-training/a-massive-change-how-a-carbohydrate-revolution-is-speeding-up-pro-cycling/ Tim Podlogar at https://tpodlogar.com/   Research articles at https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Tim-Podlogar Dr Sam Impey on Twitter at https://twitter.com/SamImpey_ Hexis at https://www.hexis.live/    

Anthony Impey MBE is CEO of SME support network Be the Business, and he wants to change the world. Today he slips off his super-hero cloak and joins Professor Neil Maiden to delve into the UK's productivity problems and discuss what can be done to solve them. Be The Business has supported an increase in SME productivity to the tune of £462 million in the UK, and in this wide ranging conversation we discuss the current challenges facing business owners; why we are now in the “Age of the Entrepreneur”; how uncertainty creates opportunities for business; and the generative AI tools that will support productivity. Produced by Emilia Rolewicz Executive Producer Sam Steele Theme music generated by AI @ www.dsoundraw.io Links Be the Business website https://www.bethebusiness.com/ Anthony Impey Twitter @Impmister Anthony Impey LinkedIn CebAI: twitter LinkedIn Website email Business-Sparks Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

A psychiatrist, an astronomer and a former Tibetan Buddhist monk turned western psychologist walk into a....podcast studio? In this fascinating conversation from our archives, world renowned experts Dr. Charles Raison, Dr. Lobsang Rapgay, and Prof. Chris Impey explore the connections between modern science and ancient Tibetan Buddhist wisdom in the cultivation of compassion, bringing humor, storytelling and critical inquiry to the conversation. Charles Raison, MD, is the Mary Sue and Mike Shannon Distinguished Chair for Healthy Minds, Children & Families and Professor, School of Human Ecology, and Professor, Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison. Dr. Raison also serves as Director of Clinical and Translational Research for Usona Institute and as Director of Research on Spiritual Health for Emory Healthcare in Atlanta, GA. In addition, Dr. Raison is the co-founder of the University of Arizona Center for Compassion Studies and has served as mental health expert for CNN.com for many years. Dr. Raison is internationally recognized for his studies examining novel mechanisms involved in the development and treatment of major depression and other stress-related emotional and physical conditions, as well as for his work examining the physical and behavioral effects of compassion training. More recently, Dr. Raison has taken a leadership role in the development of psychedelic medicines as potential treatments for major depression. Lobsang Rapgay, Ph.D, is research psychologist and director of the Clinical Training program for Mental Health Professionals at the Mindfulness Awareness Research Center at UCLA. Born in Lhasa, Tibet, in 1958, at the age of 4, he and his family fled the approach of Chinese soldiers with a caravan of refugees on a 7-day trek into the Himalayas. They settled in Dharamsala, India, which would become the home-in-exile of His Holiness the Dalai Lama and the Tibetan government. After completing studies at a Catholic boarding school and Delhi University, where he trained as a Buddhist monk, in 1978 he became a deputy secretary and English-language interpreter for His Holiness. At the Dalai Lama's Tibetan Medicine and Astrology Institute, Dr. Rapgay began learning ancient Buddhist meditative practices. He earned a doctorate in clinical psychology and wrote four books, including "Tibetan Medicine: A Holistic Approach to Better Health," before coming to California to study psychoanalysis. Chris Impey is a University Distinguished Professor of Astronomy at the University of Arizona. He has over 210 refereed publications on observational cosmology, galaxies, and quasars, and his research has been supported by $20 million in NASA and NSF grants. He has won eleven teaching awards and has taught two online classes with over 300,000 enrolled and 4 million minutes of video lectures watched. Prof. Impey is a past Vice President of the American Astronomical Society, and he has won its Education Prize. He's also been an NSF Distinguished Teaching Scholar, Carnegie Council's Arizona Professor of the Year, and a Howard Hughes Medical Institute Professor. He has written 70 popular articles on cosmology, astrobiology and education, two textbooks, a novel called 'Shadow World', and eight popular science books: 'The Living Cosmos', 'How It Ends', 'Talking About Life', 'How It Began', 'Dreams of Other Worlds', 'Humble Before the Void', 'Beyond: The Future of Space Travel,' and 'Einstein's Monsters: The Life and Times of Black Holes'.

Maurten have released The Bicarb System – ‘An advanced sports fuel designed to help athletes push the boundaries of effort and power during high-intensity exercise'. Dr Sam Impey of Hexis gives us his thoughts on the role of Sodium Bicarbonate in training and/or racing. We share excerpts from Coach Joel Filliol's podcast episode ‘The Triathlon Swim Revisited” and review his advice on improving your swimming. Plus we discuss Professional Triathlete Non Stanford's decision to retire and her transition to coach with British Triathlon and bring you excerpts from our upcoming interview with Non out tomorrow. (0:01:44) – Andrew Messick's retirement from IRONMAN (0:06:52) – Competition for a set of ULTRO Earbuds (0:07:07) - INFINIT Nutrition 10% discount using the code FITTER10 at https://www.infinitnutrition.com.au/    (0:09.48) – Sodium Bicabonate: Is there a place for it in our racing and/or training (0:10:49) – Dr Sam Impey – Sodium Bicarbonate (0:34:23) – We bring you excerpts from our interview with Non Stanford MBE out tomorrow. (0:50:38) – Improving your swimming. We share audio from Joel Filliol's podcast and discuss his thoughts around swimming. LINKS: ULTRO Earbuds at https://www.ultroaudio.com/ Infinit Nutrition 10% discount using the code FITTER10 at https://www.infinitnutrition.com.au/    British Triathlon at https://www.britishtriathlon.org/   Non Stanford MBE on Instagram at https://www.instagram.com/nonstanford/      Dr Sam Impey on Twitter at https://twitter.com/SamImpey_    Hexis at https://www.hexis.live/   More about the Maurten Bicarb System at https://www.maurten.com/products/bicarb Joel Filliol's podcast at https://realcoaching.libsyn.com/21-triathlon-swimming-revisited

Impey feat. Steve Spacek - Take Me [Ghost Notes Worldwide] Totek - Closer [Darker Than Wax] Lorenzo Morresi - Jodo [Rollover Milano] Zero T feat. Steo & [KSR] - Jazz Tone VIP [Sofa Sound] Skin Teeth - Void '93 [WNCL Recordings] Goldie, Jubei & Submotive - Game Of The Gods [Carbon Music] De La Soul - Stakes Is High [Tommy Boy] De La Soul feat. Common - The Bizness [Tommy Boy] Homeboy Sandman - Refugee [Stones Throw Records] North Of The Island - Sioux You [NuNorthern Soul] Sweatson Klank - The Limit [Friends Of Friends] LTJ Xperience & Papik feat. Anduze - Best Life [IRMA Records] Max Sinàl feat. Hutch The Great & Melodi Marsh - Let You In [Soul Quest Records] Technoir – Techtube (Turbojazz & Sean McCabe Remix) [Foliage] Jimpster & Crackazat - Natural Child [Freerange Records] Azymuth & Bruce Leroys - Melo da Cuíca (Aureum Remix) [Aureum] RSL - Wesley Music [Players] Erica Tucceri - Iliamna [La Sape Records] The Southern University Jazz Ensemble - Samba Dee [Now Again Records] Harold Land – Damisi [Wewantsounds]

The science of finding habitable planets beyond our solar system and the prospects for establishing human civilization away from our ever-less-habitable planetary home. Planet Earth, it turns out, may not be the best of all possible worlds—and lately humanity has been carelessly depleting resources, decimating species, and degrading everything needed for life. Meanwhile, human ingenuity has opened up a vista of habitable worlds well beyond our wildest dreams of outposts on Mars.  Worlds Without End: Exoplanets, Habitability, and the Future of Humanity (MIT Press, 2023) is an expertly guided tour of this thrilling frontier in astronomy: the search for planets with the potential to host life. With the approachable style that has made him a leading interpreter of astronomy and space science, Chris Impey conducts readers across the vast, fast-developing field of astrobiology, surveying the dizzying advances carrying us ever closer to the discovery of life beyond Earth—and the prospect of humans living on another planet. Since the first exoplanet, or planet beyond our solar system, was discovered in 1995, over 4,000 more have been pinpointed, including hundreds of Earth-like planets, many of them habitable, detected by the Kepler satellite. With a view spanning astronomy, planetary science, geology, chemistry, and biology, Impey provides a state-of-the-art account of what's behind this accelerating progress, what's next, and what it might mean for humanity's future. The existential threats that we face here on Earth lend urgency to this search, raising the question: Could space be our salvation? From the definition of habitability to the changing shape of space exploration—as it expands beyond the interests of government to the pursuits of private industry—Worlds without End shows us the science, on horizons near and far, that may hold the answers. Chris Impey is University Distinguished Professor of Astronomy at the University of Arizona. Caleb Zakarin is the Assistant Editor of the New Books Network. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/new-books-network

The science of finding habitable planets beyond our solar system and the prospects for establishing human civilization away from our ever-less-habitable planetary home. Planet Earth, it turns out, may not be the best of all possible worlds—and lately humanity has been carelessly depleting resources, decimating species, and degrading everything needed for life. Meanwhile, human ingenuity has opened up a vista of habitable worlds well beyond our wildest dreams of outposts on Mars.  Worlds Without End: Exoplanets, Habitability, and the Future of Humanity (MIT Press, 2023) is an expertly guided tour of this thrilling frontier in astronomy: the search for planets with the potential to host life. With the approachable style that has made him a leading interpreter of astronomy and space science, Chris Impey conducts readers across the vast, fast-developing field of astrobiology, surveying the dizzying advances carrying us ever closer to the discovery of life beyond Earth—and the prospect of humans living on another planet. Since the first exoplanet, or planet beyond our solar system, was discovered in 1995, over 4,000 more have been pinpointed, including hundreds of Earth-like planets, many of them habitable, detected by the Kepler satellite. With a view spanning astronomy, planetary science, geology, chemistry, and biology, Impey provides a state-of-the-art account of what's behind this accelerating progress, what's next, and what it might mean for humanity's future. The existential threats that we face here on Earth lend urgency to this search, raising the question: Could space be our salvation? From the definition of habitability to the changing shape of space exploration—as it expands beyond the interests of government to the pursuits of private industry—Worlds without End shows us the science, on horizons near and far, that may hold the answers. Chris Impey is University Distinguished Professor of Astronomy at the University of Arizona. Caleb Zakarin is the Assistant Editor of the New Books Network. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/science

The science of finding habitable planets beyond our solar system and the prospects for establishing human civilization away from our ever-less-habitable planetary home. Planet Earth, it turns out, may not be the best of all possible worlds—and lately humanity has been carelessly depleting resources, decimating species, and degrading everything needed for life. Meanwhile, human ingenuity has opened up a vista of habitable worlds well beyond our wildest dreams of outposts on Mars.  Worlds Without End: Exoplanets, Habitability, and the Future of Humanity (MIT Press, 2023) is an expertly guided tour of this thrilling frontier in astronomy: the search for planets with the potential to host life. With the approachable style that has made him a leading interpreter of astronomy and space science, Chris Impey conducts readers across the vast, fast-developing field of astrobiology, surveying the dizzying advances carrying us ever closer to the discovery of life beyond Earth—and the prospect of humans living on another planet. Since the first exoplanet, or planet beyond our solar system, was discovered in 1995, over 4,000 more have been pinpointed, including hundreds of Earth-like planets, many of them habitable, detected by the Kepler satellite. With a view spanning astronomy, planetary science, geology, chemistry, and biology, Impey provides a state-of-the-art account of what's behind this accelerating progress, what's next, and what it might mean for humanity's future. The existential threats that we face here on Earth lend urgency to this search, raising the question: Could space be our salvation? From the definition of habitability to the changing shape of space exploration—as it expands beyond the interests of government to the pursuits of private industry—Worlds without End shows us the science, on horizons near and far, that may hold the answers. Chris Impey is University Distinguished Professor of Astronomy at the University of Arizona. Caleb Zakarin is the Assistant Editor of the New Books Network. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/science-technology-and-society

The science of finding habitable planets beyond our solar system and the prospects for establishing human civilization away from our ever-less-habitable planetary home. Planet Earth, it turns out, may not be the best of all possible worlds—and lately humanity has been carelessly depleting resources, decimating species, and degrading everything needed for life. Meanwhile, human ingenuity has opened up a vista of habitable worlds well beyond our wildest dreams of outposts on Mars.  Worlds Without End: Exoplanets, Habitability, and the Future of Humanity (MIT Press, 2023) is an expertly guided tour of this thrilling frontier in astronomy: the search for planets with the potential to host life. With the approachable style that has made him a leading interpreter of astronomy and space science, Chris Impey conducts readers across the vast, fast-developing field of astrobiology, surveying the dizzying advances carrying us ever closer to the discovery of life beyond Earth—and the prospect of humans living on another planet. Since the first exoplanet, or planet beyond our solar system, was discovered in 1995, over 4,000 more have been pinpointed, including hundreds of Earth-like planets, many of them habitable, detected by the Kepler satellite. With a view spanning astronomy, planetary science, geology, chemistry, and biology, Impey provides a state-of-the-art account of what's behind this accelerating progress, what's next, and what it might mean for humanity's future. The existential threats that we face here on Earth lend urgency to this search, raising the question: Could space be our salvation? From the definition of habitability to the changing shape of space exploration—as it expands beyond the interests of government to the pursuits of private industry—Worlds without End shows us the science, on horizons near and far, that may hold the answers. Chris Impey is University Distinguished Professor of Astronomy at the University of Arizona. Caleb Zakarin is the Assistant Editor of the New Books Network. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

The science of finding habitable planets beyond our solar system and the prospects for establishing human civilization away from our ever-less-habitable planetary home. Planet Earth, it turns out, may not be the best of all possible worlds—and lately humanity has been carelessly depleting resources, decimating species, and degrading everything needed for life. Meanwhile, human ingenuity has opened up a vista of habitable worlds well beyond our wildest dreams of outposts on Mars.  Worlds Without End: Exoplanets, Habitability, and the Future of Humanity (MIT Press, 2023) is an expertly guided tour of this thrilling frontier in astronomy: the search for planets with the potential to host life. With the approachable style that has made him a leading interpreter of astronomy and space science, Chris Impey conducts readers across the vast, fast-developing field of astrobiology, surveying the dizzying advances carrying us ever closer to the discovery of life beyond Earth—and the prospect of humans living on another planet. Since the first exoplanet, or planet beyond our solar system, was discovered in 1995, over 4,000 more have been pinpointed, including hundreds of Earth-like planets, many of them habitable, detected by the Kepler satellite. With a view spanning astronomy, planetary science, geology, chemistry, and biology, Impey provides a state-of-the-art account of what's behind this accelerating progress, what's next, and what it might mean for humanity's future. The existential threats that we face here on Earth lend urgency to this search, raising the question: Could space be our salvation? From the definition of habitability to the changing shape of space exploration—as it expands beyond the interests of government to the pursuits of private industry—Worlds without End shows us the science, on horizons near and far, that may hold the answers. Chris Impey is University Distinguished Professor of Astronomy at the University of Arizona. Caleb Zakarin is the Assistant Editor of the New Books Network. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/book-of-the-day

Hawthorn defender Jarman Impey joined the bolys after signing a new 3 year deal with the Hawks Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

In this episode, we discuss the tragic accident that occurred at IRONMAN Hamburg where a motorcyclist lost his life after colliding with a cyclist. The dangerous conditions during the race, including too many motorcyclists on a narrow road and athletes riding side by side in large groups, contributed to the accident. The incident has raised questions about the safety measures in place during triathlon races and the need for improvements to ensure the well-being of athletes in future events. We catch up with Dr. Sam Impey from Hexis to discuss the latest updates to their app, including wearable data integration and food tracking. Plus we bring you excerpts from our podcast with India Lee, out tomorrow. (0:00:19) – We discuss the race at IRONMAN Hamburg and the circumstances surrounding the horrific accident involving an on-course moto which resulted in injury and death. (0:00:13:38) - INFINIT Nutrition 10% discount using the code FITTER10 at https://www.infinitnutrition.com.au/   (0:14:41) – Sam Impey of Hexis discusses the latest updates to their app, including wearable data integration and food tracking. (0:32:24) – An excerpt with India Lee (0:41:45) – Race reviews LINKS: Infinit Nutrition discount using the code FITTER10 at https://www.infinitnutrition.com.au/ More about Hexis at https://www.hexis.live/ Follow Dr Sam Impey on Twitter at https://twitter.com/SamImpey_ Follow India Lee on Instagram at https://www.instagram.com/indielee_tri/

We invite Dr Sam Impey of Hexis back to the show to discuss the concept of maximal sustainable energy expenditure and its potential to unlock endurance performance. We explore the International Atomic Energies WLO Walter database, which measures energy expenditure in professional athletes, and dive into the gold standard of measuring energy expenditure: Double labeled water. We look at the limitations of these calculations and the difficulty of capturing exercise energy expenditure accurately. Plus, we explore the suggested ‘upper limit' of two and a half times resting metabolic rate for exercise energy expenditure. We discuss fueling strategies in elite cycling and how training the gut can help athletes reach the upper limits of what they can digest, both in the particular day of racing and in the meals that follow. Plus we examine the importance of sustaining energy levels throughout the day. LINKS: Dr Sam Impey on Twitter at https://twitter.com/SamImpey_    Hexis at https://www.hexis.live/   Hexis Performance Lab at https://www.hexis.live/performance-lab

In this episode we are talking about “the greatest story ever told” - the story of stardust with Dr. Christopher Impey, an astronomer and professor at Arizona State University. Dr. Impey has spent his career studying the universe, from the Milky Way to the most distant galaxies, and he's here to share his insights with us. With Dr. Impey's we dive into the research on the formation and evolution of galaxies, as well as his work on the search for extraterrestrial life. We also discuss the latest discoveries in astronomy, including the recent observation of gravitational waves and the potential implications for our understanding of the universe, and can how our fundamental knowledge of the universe and physics may be challenged. Dr. Impey also shares his thoughts on the future of space exploration, including the possibilities and challenges of human missions to the nearest exoplanets and beyond. Dr. Impey explains how much we know about dark matter and dark energy, the general conception of what they are, Black Holes' information paradox, how we may detect life on distant planets, and many more.

In this episode, we welcome back Dr. Sam Impey and we explore further the Hexis App, a platform designed to automate and democratize elite sports nutrition for athletes at all levels. We dive into the nuances of low, medium, and high carbohydrate intake, highlighting the importance of individualizing recommendations and periodizing carbohydrate intake depending on activity patterns. We discuss the risks of low energy availability in endurance athletes and how tracking calorie balance fluctuations throughout the day can provide valuable insights with the HEXIS app's Live Energy feature offering a visual representation of energy status during the day. Finally, we discuss the wealth of free resources available from the Performance Lab on the HEXIS website. Learn more about low carb meal suggestions and other nutrition tips plus articles and downloads related to nutrition and sports performance. LINKS: Dr Sam Impey on Twitter at https://twitter.com/SamImpey_ Hexis at https://www.hexis.live/ Hexis Performance Lab at https://www.hexis.live/performance-lab

In this episode, we discuss the concept of "fuelling for the work required," the importance of carbohydrate availability in sports training and how to optimize the training stimulus by managing glycogen content with our guest, Dr. Sam Impey. We explore the flexibility of the human body in fuel storage and utilization, especially in endurance training and glycogen depletion. We discuss different methods of achieving a train low environment, such as exercising in the morning after an overnight fast, training twice in one day and the "sleep low" model. These approaches can lead to meaningful changes in physiology and potentially help athletes improve their performance by adapting to various energy states. We also delve into the complexities of the "sleep low" strategy and its impact on energy stress during exercise, as well as the potential benefits and drawbacks of incorporating low-carbohydrate sessions into an athlete's training regimen. Additionally, we explore the challenges faced by high-volume athletes in maintaining energy availability and achieving optimal health outcomes. Plus we explore the concept of a 3-500 calorie deficit per day for endurance athletes looking to improve their body composition without compromising their performance. LINKS: Dr Sam Impey on Twitter at https://twitter.com/SamImpey_ Hexis at https://www.hexis.live/

Forest Lifeforce Restoration Trust have almost got the formula for reintroducing kiwi to areas with otherwise low populations. The trust has improved numbers so much that the kiwi population is able to increase significantly on their own. Save the Kiwi has been steadfast in supporting this project, and chief executive Michelle Impey joined Kate Hawkesby. LISTEN ABOVESee omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

We preview the opening stage of the 2022 Tour de France as Daryl Impey is a late withdrawal from the race after testing positive for Covid. We chat with 2010 Tour de France winner Andy Schleck to find out his tip for the overall and cycling chef Nicki Strobel gives us a tour around Denmark.

Hawthorn defender Jarman Impey speaks to Dwayne about the Hawks season, the challenge defenders face in 2022, and the SEN shift he wants to take over!

Jonne, Benja en Maike keken véél koers: Zwitserland, Slovenië, Baloise Belgium. Ze maken de balans op: betekenen de gebeurtenissen aldaar iets voor de Tour? Een conclusie die in ieder geval getrokken kan worden: het lijkt wel 2014. We hebben déjà vu.De Rode Lantaarn gaat live in Tivoli! Bestel kaartjes via tivolivredenburg.nl.Veel dank aan onze sponsoren Toto, Canyon en Auto.nl.Zie het privacybeleid op https://art19.com/privacy en de privacyverklaring van Californië op https://art19.com/privacy#do-not-sell-my-info.

A former NZ Rugby Chairman is expecting the Silver Lake deal to go through with overwhelming support.It would see a share of its commercial rights sold to the US firm in return for at least $200 million in cash.If the union votes it favour, it will spin-off its commercial arm into a new business, allowing the investor to buy a minority stake.Former New Zealand Rugby Chairman Brent Impey told Mike Hosking the original offer had backing of the union, but players had reservations which had to be resolved.“And here we are today with a different deal, and it's different in many respects, but it's still a good deal.”LISTEN ABOVESee omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Subscribe to Hawks Insiders for all the news through Hawthorn-tinted glasses and more exclusive content.What's better than being able to access our Thursday night HI Safe Space on a Tuesday? Why the answer would be accessing it on a Wednesday of course!Yes our Twitter Space was shifted to Tuesday night ahead of round one (and for the next few weeks) given the arrival of Thursday night footy.But that doesn't mean you have to miss out - we are providing our full episodes as a podcast so you can catch up in your own time if you were unable to join the conversation live.And now you can access all of our content including the podcast through the Substack App by clicking on the following link.In last night's Space, we gazed into the crystal ball ahead of round one, as we discussed:The latest AIA Injury report and discussed all things Titch, JOM, CJ, Day, Impey and Bramble;How many wins we are expecting this year;Which hawks will take out PCM, Best First Year Player and All-Australian honours;Our forward line - what are the future goals and who will kick them;The midfield mix;Who is playing for their career in 2022;and more.Each Tuesday for rounds 1-5, the Hawks Insiders team (plus special guests) come together to discuss the latest club news live on Twitter Spaces. Make sure to follow us on Twitter to stay across all the updates as we ramp things up ahead of the 2022 season. This is a public episode. If you'd like to discuss this with other subscribers or get access to bonus episodes, visit hawksinsiders.substack.com/subscribe

A warning the entire economy could collapse, if lawmakers don't come up with a new plan fast. The local chamber of commerce is predicting most businesses in Queenstown will close in a week, as rising Covid-19 cases forces close contacts into self-isolation.  Republic Hospitality Group CEO Blair Impey told Mike Hosking it's a fast nightmare that comes on quick.  He says they have 51 staff self-isolating, with nine of his 11 venues already closed.  Impey says the current rules around Rapid Antigen Tests won't work, and need to be made readily available. “I think that they've got it wrong, modellers have got it wrong and time to make a change to the rules straight away otherwise all New Zealanders are going to feel the pain of what we're seeing at the start of the wave here.” LISTEN ABOVESee omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Decades after we last set foot on the Moon, and several years after the Space Shuttle was retired, space activity is finally leaving the doldrums.  Permanent bases on the Moon and Mars are now within reach, and a new Space Race is brewing, with Asian countries ascendant. Dr. Impey (University of Arizona) reviews the history and landmarks of the international space program, gives a snapshot of the current situation, and plots the trajectory of the future of space travel.  Recorded on Feb. 15, 2017.  (Dr. Impey has written a book with the same title as this talk.)

Vki will buy a game just because Sugita Tomokazu is in it, but does Vka even know who that is? Find out today as we jump into another Game Break. Play along with us as Vka tries to match the VA to character's she's chosen! Note: Both Vki and Vka forget the rules halfway through, as usual.Vka's LIs: Impey Barbicane (Code: Realize), Victor Frankenstein (Code: Realize), Ikki (Amnesia), Hijikata Toshizou (Hakuoki), Sasazuka Takeru (Collar x Malice), Mukami Kou (Diabolik Lovers), Sakamaki Ayato (Diabolik Lovers), Muroboshi Ron (Norn9), Otomaru Heishi (Norn9), Yuiga Kakeru (Norn9)EPISODE ANSWERS BELOW:Clips used: Yoshino Hiroyuki - Toudou Heisuke, Hakuoki , Kaji Yuki - Kazama Ryouta, Tokimeki Memorial Girl's Side: 4th Heart , Kakihara Tetsuya - Mirako Yuuta, Kenka Banchou Otome , Miki Shin'ichirou - Adachi Morinaga, Ikemen Genjiden Ayakashi Koi Enishi , Morikubo Showtaro - Kotobuki Reiji, Uta no Prince-sama , Taniyama Kishou - Tougane Chiaki, Kin'iro no Corda series , Namikawa Daisuke - Chigasaki Mamori, Charade Maniacs , Kimura Ryouhei - Arthur Conan Doyle, Ikemen Vampire , Sugita Tomokazu - Ende, Usotsuki Shangri-La by Rejet , Midorikawa Hikaru - Ishikawa Goemon, Nightshade Games discussed: Amnesia, Code: Realize, Collar x Malice, Diabolik Lovers, Hakuoki, Ikemen Genjiden Ayakashi Koi Enishi, Ikemen Vampire, Kenka Banchou Otome, Kin'iro no Corda, Nightshade, Norn 9, Tokimeki Memorial Girl's Side: 4th Heart, Usotsuki Shangri-La, Uta no Prince-samaNone of the characters discussed belong to us.Support the show (https://ko-fi.com/OtomeShimai)

Damo and Liam discuss the big talking points to come out of Round 15, as we officially bid farewell to the byes! We discuss who is best suited to replace the injured Impey, fallen premos and more! If you're interested in join our Patreon and gain access to our exclusive Discord channel, feel free to check out www.patreon.com/supercoachedge for more info! ------------ Twitter: @supercoach_edge @damoj88 @l_evans_95 FB Group: www.facebook.com/supercoachedge Insta: @supercoachedge

En el episodio #17 conversamos con:

Tour de France Stage 9 - Impey Wins from Breakaway! by Lucas