Podcast appearances and mentions of Roy Wilkins

 CBS's Face the Nation, ABC's Nightline, CBS's Sunday Morning, NBC's Today Show, PBS,, CNN,, Fox; National Public Radio;Washington Post, NewYork Times, are just some of the places you have read or seen him!Civil & Disability Rights are the topics of this show. With Civl Rights History being Preserved for Generations to learn about, What about Disability Rights with it's Multiracial History of Leadership & Activists?? I am concerned.Ralph was an author of the Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973&  the American with Disabilities Act along with many others in many Drafts it took to get through a Bi-Partisian Congress as the national law. His work in Civill Rights is amazing as he was trained by many icons including Dorothy Height, Senator Edward Brooke (R, MA), Benjamin Hooks, Roy Wilkins, Wade Henderson. Senator Edward Kennedy, Bayard RustinYou hear very little of  Black Disability Leaders & Activists that are so pivitol to helping in this fight. Brad Lomax, The Black Panters, Dr. Sylvia Walker, (my mentor), Don Galloway or The Honorable Rep. Major Owens ( D, NY). & the Honorable Justin Dart, Tony Coehlo, Ed Roberts, Senator Lowell P. Weicker(R.CT) & others to advance Disability Rights & ADA History.Ralph Neas was both active duty and reserve in the United States Army (1968–1976). In late 1971, he joined the Congressional Research Service's American Law Division at the Library of Congress as a legislative attorney on civil rights. In January 1973, he was hired as a legislative assistant to Republican Senator Edward W. Brooke of Massachusetts, eventually becoming the Senator's chief legislative assistant.From 1981 through 1995, Neas served as Executive Director of the nonpartisan Leadership Conference on Civil Rights (LCCR), the legislative arm of the civil rights movement. Neas coordinated successful national campaigns that led to the Civil Rights Act of 1991; the Americans with Disabilities Act; the Civil Rights Restoration Act; the Fair Housing Act Amendments of 1988; the Japanese American Civil Liberties Act; the preservation of the Executive Order on Affirmative Action (1985–1986 and 1995–1996);and the 1982 Voting Right Act Extension.Final passage on all these laws averaged 85% in both the House of Representatives and the Senate; in addition, another 15 Leadership Conference on Civil Rights legislative priorities were enacted into law in the 1981–1995 period"The Americans with Disabilities Act Award" from the Task Force on the Rights of the Empowerment of Americans with Disabilities for "historic leadership regarding the enactment of the world's first comprehensive civil rights law for people with disabilities" October 12, 1990;Benjamin Hooks "Keeper of the Flame" award from the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP), the 91st Annual Convention, Baltimore, Maryland, July 10, 2000"President's Award for Outstanding Service", Leadership Conference on Civil Rights, September, 2007.© 2025 Building Abundant Success!!2025 All Rights ReservedJoin Me ~ iHeart Media @ https://tinyurl.com/iHeartBASAmazon ~ https://tinyurl.com/AmzBASAudacy:  https://tinyurl.com/BASAud

 EPPY & NNPA Award-Editor & Publisher Honoree Elinor Tatum currently serves as publisher, editor-in-chief, and CEO. The newspaper launched a companion web site and online edition, amsterdamnews.com, in 2009. She was recently awarded the prestigious the EPPY Award honor excellence in digital publishing by Editor & Publisher Magazine.She is the first Owner/ Black Publisher to have won the EPPY. New York Amsterdam New has won over 30  Presitigious Awards for Oustanding Jounalism!The Amsterdam News was founded on December 4, 1909, and is headquartered in the Harlem neighborhood of Upper Manhattan. The newspaper takes its name from its original location one block east of Amsterdam Avenue, at West 65th Street and Broadway.. An investment of US$10 in 1909 (equivalent to $339 in 2023) turned the Amsterdam News into one of New York's largest and most influential Black-owned-and-operated business institutions, and one of the nation's most prominent ethnic publications. It was later reported that James Henry Anderson published the first copy: "...with a dream in mind, $10 in his pocket, six sheets of paper and two pencils."The Amsterdam News was one of about 50 black-owned newspapers in the United States at the time it was founded. It was sold for 2 cents a copy (equivalent to $1 in 2023) from Anderson's home at 132 West 65th Street, in the San Juan Hill section of Manhattan's Upper West Side. With the spread of Blacks to Harlem and the growing success of the paper, Anderson moved the Amsterdam News uptown to 17 West 135th Street in 1910. In 1916, it moved to 2293 Seventh Avenue, and in 1938, it moved again, to 2271 Seventh Avenue. In the early 1940s, the paper relocated to its present headquarters at 2340 Eighth Avenue (also known in Harlem as Frederick Douglass Boulevard).  Subscribe @ amsterdamnews.comIn August 1982, Wilbert A. Tatum, chairman of the AmNews Corporation's board of directors and the paper's editor-in-chief, became publisher and chief executive officer. Under Tatum's leadership, the Amsterdam News broadened its editorial perspective, particularly in international affairs. This expanded thrust has produced considerable interest and readership from all sectors of the local, national and international communities.In July 1996, Tatum bought out the last remaining investor, putting the future of the paper firmly in the hands of the Tatum family. In December 1997, Tatum stepped down as publisher and editor-in-chief and passed the torch to his daughter, Elinor Ruth Tatum, who at the age of 26 became one of the youngest newspaper publishers in the United States. Mr. Tatum died in 2009.© 2025 Building Abundant Success!!2025 All Rights ReservedHeart Media @ https://tinyurl.com/iHeartBASAmazon ~ https://tinyurl.com/AmzBASAudacy:  https://tinyurl.com/BASAud

In celebration of Black History Month in February, MPR News is highlighting Black history throughout the state. From a fur trader believed to be one of the first African descendants in territory that is now Minnesota, to streets and parks renamed in 2024 after Black community leaders, these sites span the state and the centuries. Click to explore Black history sites throughout the stateSouthern Minnesotagibbs divGibbs Elementary School, RochesterGibbs Elementary School in Rochester is named after George W. Gibbs Jr., the first known Black person to set foot in Antarctica.Gibbs was serving in the U.S. Navy when he sailed to the continent as a member of Rear Admiral Richard E. Byrd's third expedition.In January 1940, after almost 40 days at sea on the U.S.S. Bear, he was the first person to step off the ship.Gibbs moved to Rochester and became a civil rights activist and small business owner. He spent almost 20 years working at IBM, co-founded the Rochester Chapter of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People, or NAACP, and founded an employment agency he operated until 1999.— Alex Haddon, radio reporter interndiv rushfordUnderground RailroadAlthough not much is known about Minnesota's role in the Underground Railroad due to its secrecy, the Rushford Area Historical Society believes the city was part of the network to help enslaved people to freedom. The area was home to abolitionists at the time and is about 16 miles from the Mississippi River, an escape route north to Canada. Secret rooms have been discovered in at least three homes in Rushford, which are all currently private residences. One home was built in 1859 for abolitionists George and Harriet Stevens and is thought to be a safe house in the 1860s. In a different house, a secret room was found downstairs after the flood of 2007. It's an 18-room, two-story house built in 1861 for Roswell and George Valentine. It is on the National Register of Historic Places.A third home was built in 1867 for Miles Carpenter, an early Rushford banker, and is also thought to be a safe house. The Rushford Area Historical Society also believes limestone caves were used to hide people escaping to freedom. — Lisa Ryan, editorCentral Minnesotadiv msrMinnesota Spokesman-Recorder, MinneapolisAs the oldest Black-owned newspaper and one of the longest standing family-owned newspapers in the country, the Minnesota Spokesman-Recorder is a point of pride in the Twin Cities. The paper was started in August 1934 by civil rights activist Cecil E. Newman with a split publication: the Minneapolis Spokesman and the St. Paul Recorder. In its first issue, Newman made a prediction and promise to readers, writing, “We feel sure St. Paul and Minneapolis will have real champions of the Race.” Today, Newman's granddaughter Tracey Williams-Dillard serves as the CEO and publisher for MSR and continues the paper that has been a trusted news source in the Black community for almost a century. As a weekly paper, MSR has tackled topics like local Ku Klux Klan activities, Brown v. Board of Education, the Civil Rights Movement, Minneapolis' first Black woman mayor, and George Floyd's murder. In 2015, its building at 3744 4th Ave. in Minneapolis became a state historic landmark.— Kyra Miles, early education reporterdiv penumbraPenumbra Theatre, St. PaulFounded in 1976, Penumbra Theatre was created by Lou Bellamy. Over the years, Penumbra has had the distinction of being the only Black professional theater in Minnesota. The name Penumbra means “half-light” or “partial eclipse.” It was founded using a Comprehensive Employment Training Act grant from the federal government. Its first production, Steve Carter's “Eden,” explored diversity of ethnicities within the African American community. In a 1977 interview with MPR News, Bellamy described the theater as being inadvertently political, with its focus on giving Black actors opportunities to perform at the professional level.  “The roles that you generally see — and it's because of the people who choose the shows — are waiters, butlers, things that if not debilitating, at least are not allowing them to show the extent of their capability,” Bellamy said.Penumbra has had a number of company members that are recognizable, both locally and nationally. Perhaps its most famous alumnus is playwright August Wilson, who developed some of his earliest plays at Penumbra. In a 2023 interview, Bellamy noted that the character Levee in “Ma Rainey's Black Bottom” was influenced by his brother Terry's portrayal in early readings. In 2021, under the direction of Lou's daughter Sarah Bellamy, the theater received a $5 million grant to build on its work in racial equality. — Jacob Aloi, arts reporter and newscasterdiv leeArthur and Edith Lee House, Minneapolis In June 1931, Arthur and Edith Lee, a Black couple, purchased the modest craftsman-style home in Minneapolis' Field neighborhood and moved into the predominantly white neighborhood with their young daughter, Mary.Several years earlier, property owners in the area signed a contract with the neighborhood association to not sell or rent their homes to anyone who wasn't white.When the Lees moved in, community members tried to force them out.Their home became the site of an urban riot in July 1931, when an angry mob of 4,000 white people gathered in their yard and spilled out onto the street, demanding the family leave the neighborhood.A U.S. postal worker, World War I veteran and NAACP member, Arthur Lee said he had a “right to establish a home” in the neighborhood of his choosing.Many individuals and organizations came to the family's defense, including local and national chapters of the NAACP and the prominent civil rights attorney, Lena Olive Smith. (see Lena O. Smith House below)The Lees stayed in their home until the fall of 1933. According to the National Register of Historic Places Registration Form, the family slept in the basement because of safety concerns, and their daughter Mary was escorted to kindergarten by the police.The Arthur and Edith Lee House became a designated historic property in Minneapolis in 2014.The Lee protests remain some of the largest and most widely publicized race-related demonstrations in Minnesota's history. The city of Minneapolis' local historic landmark designation similarly finds the Arthur and Edith Lee House to be associated “with broad patterns of social history, particularly in regard to African American history in Minneapolis, race relations and historical trends of housing discrimination.”— Erica Zurek, senior health reporterdiv floydGeorge Floyd Square, Minneapolis On May 25, 2020, former Minneapolis police officer Derek Chauvin murdered George Floyd outside of a convenience store at the intersection of 38th Street and Chicago Avenue on the south side of Minneapolis. The community transformed the intersection into a memorial and protest site. It's also become a point of contention over how to remember Floyd's murder and the protest movement that started here. Local protesters maintain that the site should be community-led, until the city meets a list of demands for justice. For a year after Floyd's murder, protesters kept the streets closed to traffic; city workers took down the barricades in 2021. Now, the city is locked in an ongoing debate over the square's future. City officials say the streets are overdue for reconstruction. They're pushing for a plan to rebuild the intersection, supported by some local residents and businesses on the block. But local activists, who still maintain the ongoing protest, say it's too soon for the city to take a role in the street design. Instead, they say they want the city to invest in neighborhood services, like housing and substance abuse programs.— Estelle Timar-Wilcox, general assignment reporterdiv hiawathaHiawatha Golf Course, MinneapolisAt a time when African American golfers were barred from participating in white-only tournaments and golf courses, the Hiawatha Golf Course became a popular gathering spot for Black golfers.The course opened in 1934 in south Minneapolis, and was the spot, a few years later, where African American golfer James “Jimmie” Slemmons created what's now the Upper Midwest Bronze Amateur Memorial — a tournament that welcomed Black golfers.Despite being a popular course for African Americans, the Hiawatha Golf Course clubhouse barred non-white golfers from entering. That is until 1952, when that rule ended, largely because of the efforts of golf legend and trailblazer Solomon Hughes Sr.“Hughes was an excellent golfer, recognized nationwide, yet still could not golf at white golf courses, which is why Hiawatha golf course is so important to us,” said Greg McMoore, a long-time south Minneapolis resident and historian.Although once only allowed to play with the United Golfer's Association, a league formed by Black golfers, Hughes was among the first Black golfers to tee off in a PGA event at the 1952 St. Paul Open.In 2022, the Minneapolis Park and Recreation Board officially named the clubhouse the Solomon Hughes Clubhouse. The golf course was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2023.— Cari Spencer, reporterdiv smithLena O. Smith House, MinneapolisCivil rights leader and trailblazing attorney Lena O. Smith lived in this Minneapolis home on 3905 Fifth Ave. S. While working in real estate, Smith witnessed up close the discriminatory practices that excluded Black families from certain neighborhoods of the city. She took that experience to law school and in 1921 became the first Black woman to practice law in the state of Minnesota.As an attorney, Smith took on several high-profile cases fighting segregation and defending the rights of Black residents of Minneapolis. She worked to desegregate spaces in the city including the Pantages Theatre and protected a Black family from a campaign to oust them from their home in a mostly white neighborhood of south Minneapolis. (see Arthur and Edith Lee House, above)Smith founded the Minneapolis Urban League and led the local chapter of the NAACP as its first woman president. She worked inside and outside of the courtroom to advance civil rights until her death in 1966. Her home was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1991. — Alanna Elder, producerdiv spiral‘Spiral for Justice' memorial, St. PaulOn the south lawn of the State Capitol grounds is the ‘Spiral for Justice' memorial for Roy Wilkins.Wilkins, who grew up in St. Paul's Rondo neighborhood, was a civil rights leader. He worked in various roles at the NAACP from 1931 to1977, leading the organization for 22 years.The memorial has 46 elements that are positioned in a spiral, getting higher and higher as they extend out from the middle and out beyond two walls that surround the main parts of the sculpture. Each element represents a year of his work at the NAACP, and the elements breaking through the wall represent progress breaking through barriers of racial inequality. The memorial, designed by sculptor Curtis Patterson, was dedicated in 1995.— Peter Cox, reporter div wigingtonClarence Wigington, St. PaulThe Highland Park Water Tower was designed by Clarence “Cap” Wigington, the first African American municipal architect in the United States.Wigington designed or supervised the creation of over 130 buildings throughout his decades-long career, with most located in St. Paul and designed during his tenure at the city architect's office between 1915 and 1949.He designed a number of city projects including fire stations and park buildings, as well as ice palaces for the St. Paul Winter Carnival. (He also designed my old stomping grounds, Chelsea Heights Elementary School, and an addition to my alma mater Murray Middle School.)Some of his other landmark structures include the Harriet Island Pavilion (since renamed after him), Roy Wilkins auditorium and the Holman Field Administration building at the St. Paul Downtown Airport.The Highland Park Water Tower, built in 1928, is one of three Wigington structures listed in the National Register of Historic Places. The others are the Harriet Island Pavilion and the Holman Field Administration building.— Feven Gerezgiher, reporter and producerNorthern Minnesotadiv gomerStatue of Tuskegee Airman Joe Gomer, DuluthA statue in the Duluth International Airport terminal honors a Minnesotan who was a member of the famed Tuskegee Airmen during World War II.Joe Gomer was among the country's first Black fighter pilots, flying 68 combat missions in Europe. He and his fellow Tuskegee Airmen were tasked with protecting bombers from German fighters. The unit's success helped the push to end segregation in the U.S. military.Gomer stayed in the military after the war and later worked for the U.S. Forest Service in Minnesota. He lived in Duluth for 50 years and stayed active into his 90s. The Duluth News Tribune reported that Gomer shared the history of the Tuskegee Airmen and talked about the importance of education with school groups.Veterans' groups in Duluth worked to raise money for the statue to honor Gomer's service to his country; it was dedicated at the airport in 2012, on Gomer's 92nd birthday. Gomer died the following year at age 93; he was Minnesota's last living Tuskegee Airman.— Andrew Krueger, editordiv mosleyHattie Mosley, HibbingIn 1905, 23-year-old Hattie Mosley moved from Decatur, Ill., to the up-and-coming mining town of Hibbing, Minn. Twelve years prior, the town was established by a German miner. At the time, 50 percent of Hibbing residents were born in a foreign country. Yet Mosley, a Black woman, remained a minority, as it was still uncommon for Black people to live in northern Minnesota as long-term residents. This is according to history expert Aaron Brown, who was featured in an Almanac interview with Twin Cities Public Television about the resident. Mosley came to Hibbing as a widow, and did not have any children. She spent the next 30 years as a single woman caring for the mining town as its residents faced the Spanish Flu, the effects of World War I and other daily ailments. She often volunteered in poor immigrant communities and checked in on the sick, using her homemade cough syrup and homemade remedies to nurse most of the town back to health.She was known to help with the worst cases other medical professionals wouldn't dare to touch, including the most severe quarantined cases of the Spanish Flu. Because of this, she is described as a heroine and often called the Florence Nightingale of Hibbing, according to Brown.She died in 1938 and is buried in Maple Hill Cemetery. The beloved nurse and midwife's obituary said her greatest joy in life was helping those who could not afford care. “Her acts of charity, so freely given, numbered a legion and among the poor her death will be keenly felt,” read her obituary in the Hibbing Daily Tribune.Mosley was elected to the Hibbing Historical Society's Hall of Service and Achievement a decade ago.— Sam Stroozas, digital producerdiv st markSt. Mark AME, DuluthSt. Mark African Methodist Episcopal Church is in the Central Hillside area of Duluth. The church was built in 1900 and was added to the National Register in 1991. W. E. B. DuBois spoke at St. Mark in 1921 before a gathering of the Duluth chapter of the NAACP, which had recently been founded after the lynching of three Black men in downtown Duluth. DuBois founded the national organization in 1909.— Regina Medina, reporterdiv bonga pembinaFort Pembina, near present-day Pembina, N.D.Pierre Bonga and his family are well known in Minnesota's early Black history, before it was even a state. His son George Bonga was one of the first Black people born in what later became the state of Minnesota, according to MNopedia. George was born in the Northwest Territory around 1802, near present-day Duluth. His mother was Ojibwe, as were the two women he married in his lifetime. George was a guide and translator for negotiations with the Ojibwe for Territorial Governor Lewis Cass. While the Bonga family has connections to many locations in present-day Minnesota and the Great Lakes region, they spent time in Fort Pembina, according to the University of North Dakota. Pierre Bonga was also a trapper and interpreter. He primarily worked near the Red River, as well as near Lake Superior. He died in 1831, in what is now Minnesota. — Lisa Ryan, editorClick here.

 CBS's Face the Nation, ABC's Nightline, CBS's Sunday Morning, NBC's Today Show, PBS,, CNN,, Fox; National Public Radio;Washington Post, NewYork Times, are just some of the places you have read or seen him!Civil & Disability Rights are the topics of this show. With Civl Rights History being Preserved for Generations to learn about, What about Disability Rights with it's Multiracial History of Leadership & Activists?? I am concerned.Ralph was an author of the Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973&  the American with Disabilities Act along with many others in many Drafts it took to get through a Bi-Partisian Congress as the national law. His work in Civill Rights is amazing as he was trained by many icons including Dorothy Height, Senator Edward Brooke (R, MA), Benjamin Hooks, Roy Wilkins, Wade Henderson. Senator Edward Kennedy, Bayard RustinYou hear very little of  Black Disability Leaders & Activists that are so pivitol to helping in this fight. Brad Lomax, The Black Panters, Dr. Sylvia Walker, (my mentor), Don Galloway or The Honorable Rep. Major Owens ( D, NY). & the Honorable Justin Dart, Tony Coehlo, Ed Roberts, Senator Lowell P. Weicker(R.CT) & others to advance Disability Rights & ADA History.Ralph Neas was both active duty and reserve in the United States Army (1968–1976). In late 1971, he joined the Congressional Research Service's American Law Division at the Library of Congress as a legislative attorney on civil rights. In January 1973, he was hired as a legislative assistant to Republican Senator Edward W. Brooke of Massachusetts, eventually becoming the Senator's chief legislative assistant.From 1981 through 1995, Neas served as Executive Director of the nonpartisan Leadership Conference on Civil Rights (LCCR), the legislative arm of the civil rights movement. Neas coordinated successful national campaigns that led to the Civil Rights Act of 1991; the Americans with Disabilities Act; the Civil Rights Restoration Act; the Fair Housing Act Amendments of 1988; the Japanese American Civil Liberties Act; the preservation of the Executive Order on Affirmative Action (1985–1986 and 1995–1996);and the 1982 Voting Right Act Extension.Final passage on all these laws averaged 85% in both the House of Representatives and the Senate; in addition, another 15 Leadership Conference on Civil Rights legislative priorities were enacted into law in the 1981–1995 period"The Americans with Disabilities Act Award" from the Task Force on the Rights of the Empowerment of Americans with Disabilities for "historic leadership regarding the enactment of the world's first comprehensive civil rights law for people with disabilities" October 12, 1990;Benjamin Hooks "Keeper of the Flame" award from the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP), the 91st Annual Convention, Baltimore, Maryland, July 10, 2000"President's Award for Outstanding Service", Leadership Conference on Civil Rights, September, 2007.© 2024 Building Abundant Success!!2024 All Rights ReservedJoin Me ~ iHeart Media @ https://tinyurl.com/iHeartBASAmazon ~ https://tinyurl.com/AmzBASAudacy:  https://tinyurl.com/BASAud

2024 EPPY Award-Editor & Publisher Honoree Elinor Tatum currently serves as publisher, editor-in-chief, and CEO. The newspaper launched a companion web site and online edition, amsterdamnews.com, in 2009. -She was recently awarded the prestigious 2024  EPPY, The EPPY Awards honor excellence in digital publishing by Editor & Publisher Magazine.She is the first Owner/ Black Publisher to have won the EPPY. New York Amsterdam New has won over 30  Presitigious Awards for Oustanding Jounalism in the past few years!The Amsterdam News was founded on December 4, 1909, and is headquartered in the Harlem neighborhood of Upper Manhattan. The newspaper takes its name from its original location one block east of Amsterdam Avenue, at West 65th Street and Broadway.. An investment of US$10 in 1909 (equivalent to $339 in 2023) turned the Amsterdam News into one of New York's largest and most influential Black-owned-and-operated business institutions, and one of the nation's most prominent ethnic publications. It was later reported that James Henry Anderson published the first copy: "...with a dream in mind, $10 in his pocket, six sheets of paper and two pencils."The Amsterdam News was one of about 50 black-owned newspapers in the United States at the time it was founded. It was sold for 2 cents a copy (equivalent to $1 in 2023) from Anderson's home at 132 West 65th Street, in the San Juan Hill section of Manhattan's Upper West Side. With the spread of Blacks to Harlem and the growing success of the paper, Anderson moved the Amsterdam News uptown to 17 West 135th Street in 1910. In 1916, it moved to 2293 Seventh Avenue, and in 1938, it moved again, to 2271 Seventh Avenue. In the early 1940s, the paper relocated to its present headquarters at 2340 Eighth Avenue (also known in Harlem as Frederick Douglass Boulevard).  Subscribe @ amsterdamnews.comIn August 1982, Wilbert A. Tatum, chairman of the AmNews Corporation's board of directors and the paper's editor-in-chief, became publisher and chief executive officer. Under Tatum's leadership, the Amsterdam News broadened its editorial perspective, particularly in international affairs. This expanded thrust has produced considerable interest and readership from all sectors of the local, national and international communities.In July 1996, Tatum bought out the last remaining investor, putting the future of the paper firmly in the hands of the Tatum family. In December 1997, Tatum stepped down as publisher and editor-in-chief and passed the torch to his daughter, Elinor Ruth Tatum, who at the age of 26 became one of the youngest newspaper publishers in the United States. Mr. Tatum died in 2009.© 2024 Building Abundant Success!!2024 All Rights ReservedHeart Media @ https://tinyurl.com/iHeartBASAmazon ~ https://tinyurl.com/AmzBASAudacy:  https://tinyurl.com/BASAud

EPISODE 121 | Coup Coup G'joob: Civic Disturbances in the U.S. 1900 - Present This is a continuation of our previous episode about coup attempts, rebellions and civic unrest in the United States prior to the 20th century. This time, we jump into the 20th century and bring us right up to the present day. After hearing all this, you decide if things really are, as some would have you believe, the worst it's ever been, or if in fact, America has always struggled with its foundational problems and original sins, coupled with an unusual appetite for, or at least tolerance of, violence.  Like what we do? Then buy us a beer or three via our page on Buy Me a Coffee.  You can also SUBSCRIBE to this podcast. Review us here or on IMDb!  SECTIONS Sitting on a Cornflake - Race riots, the Green Corn Rebellion of 1917, the Red Summer of 1919, Anarchists, the Battle of Blair Mountain (1921), 1931 - Bloody Harlan, the Housing Riots, the Kingfish vs. the Wild Bull of Jeanerette Corporation Tee-Shirt - The Business Plot of 1933-1934 Yellow Matter Custard - The McMinn County War (the Battle of Athens) (1946) You Let Your Face Grow Long - The 1960s - Ax Handle Saturday, the Ole Miss Riot, the Harlem Riot, the Selma marches, the Watts Riot, the Long Hot Summer of 1967, segregationists in North Carolina, the Stonewall Riots, the Weathermen and the Days of Rage; the 1970s - the Kent State shootings, the Hard Hat Riot, Alcatraz and Catalina occupations, the Attica Prison Riot, the Weather Underground Organization (WUO) bombings and more; the 1980s and 1990s in brief A Serviceable Villain - The 21st century - Pseudolaw gets violent, the rise of protests, Occupy Wall Street, the Gretchen Whitmer kidnapping plot, stochastic terrorism, Trump mouths off, King Henry II and his "turbulent priest", the Manson family, proposed solutions to violent outbursts, Pakistan's Sabaoon Project, Kenya's Preventing of Violent Extremism through Education, Islamic deradicalization group Muflehun, Google's Redirect Method, what we can do Music by Fanette Ronjat More Info EPISODE 115 | Cuckoo Coups in the U.S. The Beatles explained: What does ‘goo goo g'joob' mean? When the Socialist Revolution Came to Oklahoma—and Was Crushed in Smithsonian Magazine Red Summer: When Racist Mobs Ruled on American Experience Red Summer of 1919: How Black WWI Vets Fought Back Against Racist Mobs on History.com The Battle of Blair Mountain on ReImagine Appalachia Introduction to the West Virginia Mine Wars on the National Park Service Remembering Bloody Harlan on Parallel Narratives When the Unemployed Fought Back on Shelterforce.org Huey Long: His Life and Times Why is so little known about the 1930s coup attempt against FDR? in The Guardian Considering History: The 1933 Business Plot to Overthrow America in the Saturday Evening Post The Battle of Athens: An Obscure American Revolution on Legends of America The Battle of Athens in American Heritage What happened on Ax Handle Saturday, Aug. 27, 1960, in Jacksonville? The Riot at Ole' Miss on American RadioWorks Riots erupt over desegregation of Ole Miss on History.com Riots of 1964: The Causes of Racial Violence paper by Roy Wilkins at the Notre Dame Law Review Inside the Harlem Uprising of 1964 at Rutgers Watts Rebellion on History.com She Played a Key Role in the Police Response to the Watts Riots. The Memory Still Haunts Her—But Black History Is Full of Haunting Memories in Time The 1967 Riots: When Outrage Over Racial Injustice Boiled Over on History.com What was the Stonewall uprising? in National Geographic Stonewall then and now in The Harvard Gazette Chicago's Forgotten 'Days of Rage' THE MAY 4 SHOOTINGS AT KENT STATE UNIVERSITY: THE SEARCH FOR HISTORICAL ACCURACY Kent State shootings: The 1970 student protests that shook the US on the BBC What was the Weather Underground? on The Hill How the Weather Underground Failed at Revolution and Still Changed the World in Time Evading the FBI: The Weather Underground Organization at Yale University Press Some Say Occupy Wall Street Did Nothing. It Changed Us More Than We Think in Time Occupy Wall Street swept the world and achieved a lot, even if it may not feel like it in The Guardian Gretchen Whitmer kidnapping articles on PBS News The Final Twist in the Gretchen Whitmer Kidnap Case on Slate Donald Trump, Stochastic Terrorist in Mother Jones Stochastic terrorism: critical reflections on an emerging concept in Critical Studies on Terrorism How Stochastic Terrorism Uses Disgust to Incite Violence in Scientific American Deradicalizing, Rehabilitating, and Reintegrating Violent Extremists at the United States Institute of Peace (USIP) Bringing them home: Pakistan's child deradicalisation centre offers second chance Education for Preventing Violent Extremism (EPVE) working group paper from the Club of Madrid Lessons Learned from Student-led Initiatives to Prevent Violent Extremism in Kenyan Universities PREVENTING VIOLENT EXTREMISM THROUGH PROMOTING INCLUSIVE DEVELOPMENT, TOLERANCE AND RESPECT FOR DIVERSITY discussion paper from the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) Preventing violent extremism webpage at UNESCO Preventing Violent Radicalization in America report from the National Security Preparedness Group at the Bipartisan Policy Center DHS Rebrands and Expands Biased, Ineffective Countering Violent Extremism Program at the Brennan Center for Justice The Redirect Method on Moonshot The Search for Extremism: Deploying the Redirect Method at the Washington Institute for Near East Policy Follow us on social: Facebook Twitter Other Podcasts by Derek DeWitt DIGITAL SIGNAGE DONE RIGHT - Winner of a 2022 Gold Quill Award, 2022 Gold MarCom Award, 2021 AVA Digital Award Gold, 2021 Silver Davey Award, 2020 Communicator Award of Excellence, and on numerous top 10 podcast lists.  PRAGUE TIMES - A city is more than just a location - it's a kaleidoscope of history, places, people and trends. This podcast looks at Prague, in the center of Europe, from a number of perspectives, including what it is now, what is has been and where it's going. It's Prague THEN, Prague NOW, Prague LATER 

Today on the show Scott joins jD to talk all about song number 31, don't worry we get to his origin story too! Transcript: Track 1[1:02] At track 32, we have the song, Grave Architecture. Come on in. Sorry.I was trying to stick that in, yeah. Oh, damn. I stepped on it.That's okay. I should have prepared you.What are your initial thoughts of Grave Architecture? This was a funny one thatwhen you said it to me, I have a long,like I think I said before, I think the album that I really kind of really feltlike really grabbed me was was wowie zowie and um and yeah this song is likethe come on in like right away like oh yeah,hey this is westy from the rock and roll.Track 3[1:41] Band pavement and you're listening to the countdown,hey it's jd here back for another episode ofour top 50 countdown for seminal indie rockband pavement week over weekwe're going to count down the 50 essential pavement tracks that youselected with your very own top 20 ballots ithen tabulated the results using an abacus and an old pair of socks you knowthe kind that have toes in them how will your favorite song fare in the rankingyou will need to tune in to find out so there's that this week i'm joined bypavement Pavement superfan, Scott from North Dakota.Track 3[2:19] Scott, how are you doing, motherfucker? I'm doing well, and you, sir?I am excellent. I'm always excellent when I get to talk Pavement with somebody. Absolutely.Track 3[2:29] So tell me a little bit about yourself. So, you know, grew up in Minnesota,a small town, but not that far from the Twin Cities.And it's small towns. You don't things come slowly.And I was I don't want to say a late adopter to pavement, but I graduated in1996 from high school and I was all about the grunge movement.You know, Nirvana, Pearl Jam, all of that. And I didn't know much about indierock at all or any indie anything until I went to college.I had heard of Pavement when I was in high school. I had friends who were intothem, but I was so set on grunge that it's like, this is what we're going to listen to.And I kind of wrote them off at first without hearing them because I for whateverreason, I was like, oh, Pavement.It's like going to be heavy, more industrial, you know, maybe like East GermanKMFDM or, you know, something really that I might not enjoy.Yeah. And then I was completely wrong about that.A friend, a friend had, I was just riding with a friend and he had,it was right when Brighton the Corners came out and we were just riding in hiscar and I was like, what is this?And he's like, this is pavement. And I was like, no.Track 3[3:46] And I was like, this is not what Pavement sounds like. And it literally fromthere was just a beeline to the store to pick up everything I could get my hands on.And, you know, it was, it was, would have been my last, you know,two years of college, give or take.Track 3[4:01] And it was obviously Pavement was up there. And then right at that same time,Built to Spill, Modest Mouse, all these, you know, other indie bands.But Pavement was the one that I was just like, oh my God, where has this been my whole life? Oh, yeah.Track 3[4:45] On the internet so you just had to go and buy andsee what happened and i picked upterror twilight which divisive record you know for some people for me absolutelyloved it there's so much same stuff in there that was just jangly and interestingand different and fun but also i mean,It's hard to explain, but I remember growing up as a kid, and radio was all we had.And every song was about love, and it was just straight up hitting you over the head with it.And here was something that you had to go decipher these lyrics,and you could decipher them in a thousand different ways.And if you got sick of the lyrics, you could just go and listen to the music itself.Track 3[5:35] And that was just something that I had been looking for forever.So that would have been roughly like 1998, 99.And I was living in Minneapolis. I got an internship and I got to see them on that last tour.So the first time- In 99? Yeah. I got to, I saw them.I remember this too, because they played two dates and I only could go to onebecause the other date I was seeing Slater Kinney.They were like back to back nights. So I was an intern at the time.So, you know, I was working during the day and then as much as I can,I'd go to First Avenue where the show was.And I remember very little because it was, again, 1999.Track 3[6:17] But I remember they opened with Here, which I thought was just such an odd openerbecause it's just such a chill, just laid back, you know, didn't come out with a big punch.And it just set the tone.And i i remember um what i remember about that gig is steven or malchmus haduh like uh christmas lights but they weren't around his microphone stand andthat was that was just about it for,stage presence and again this is the first time i've seen this band uh wheni'd only seen pictures before that i actually when i looked at them i didn'tknow who the singer was and i thought i I thought, uh, I thought Mark was the singer.Cause he stands in the center. Yeah. I was like, oh yeah, that he's gotta bethe singer and nope. You get there and I'm like, oh, okay.Track 3[7:08] And you know, I, I remember, you know, buying after that, you know,the, the major league EP or the single with, with the additional ones.And, you know, I got very into them and then they went away and I was like,oh, well, this sucks, you know?And they never were far from my playlist.They were always there. And...Track 3[7:35] It was the first band that I really remember going, oh, I won't get to see these guys again.And that was frustrating because I had felt like I had only gotten into thema year or a year and a half before.And yes, could I have gotten to them earlier? Sure. If I had been born in abigger town with better radio, with better, you know, a college town,maybe where that could have been a lot, a lot more easily found.But, uh, you know, growing up in rural Minnesota, you got AM radio,you got farm reports, and then you got pop radio.So it was very difficult to find those, but yeah, that's, that's kind of mybeginning with the band and, uh, just becoming infatuated with them.Track 3[8:16] So question yeah um oh shit it slipped my mind oh no what was the question ohthe question was so did that lead you to sm solo work or psoi or anything likethat yeah uh i was and and that's,what we'll get to that uh we'll get to i have some linkage there but that'sokay um yeah i i I immediately went out and followed the solo work,which again, the first record just blew me away.And I listened to it on just repeat forever.And I would say at least with the solo stuff, the first four albums, I just ate up.Um, and after that, it wasn't because I thought the music was any different.It's more that I just got older and I was listening to less new music.And that's something I've been. Weird how that happens. I hate it though.You know, I, I, I'm finally, I finally figured out that if, you know,and it took me till here that if you keep listening to new music,if you make time for it, it comes right back the enjoyment,you know, and I've tried to set aside and, you know, just shut the TV off andlisten to music for an hour and it's really helped.Track 3[9:30] I do that every morning, every morning I get up around five 30 and I listenedto at least one record, um, you know, or a playlist or whatnot.And that sort of sets the tone for my day.Yeah. See it. And I'm, uh, I'm an accountant and a teacher by, by trade.So I teach at a local community college, but I do taxes on the side and thisis busiest time of year for me,but I can can pour through you knowsix seven albums in a sitting youknow just having the music on while i work and justpound away and pound away and work work work work work and themusic will still just kind of seep in and upon youknow second or third listenings all of a sudden i'm going back and i'm like igotta hear this song particularly again because there's something inthere and that that's really helped but long storylonger uh yeah those solo records were and andwhether it was you know technically him or him with the jicksand i saw him i don't knowa couple times on those tours when he would come throughminneapolis and again loved it loved itabsolutely loved it um yeah and you know he did it in store uh at the electricfetus in minneapolis a pretty famous record store for minneapolis and uh i rememberbeing intimidated because that just the stuff you read oh he's he's He's aloof.He's kind of standoffish, you know, but he's, he's very intelligent.Track 3[10:55] And he played, I don't know, three or four songs off whatever record that was.And then you sign up and you shake hands.And he talked to me for like fiveminutes and he couldn't have been more gracious with everyone in line.And I was like, Oh, this is, this is great. You know, they say,don't meet your heroes. And I'm like, well, no, this was, this was fantastic.This was a really nice situation so yeah i've only ever had good experiencesbut i'm like you very nervous because he's just so goddamn cool you know likethat's like you can't you can't plan for that intangible right the coolness factor you know.Track 3[11:35] It's it's difficult to relate to especially forme i'm cool and underqualified oh yeah i didn't andi'm just like like grew up southern californiayou know playing tennis and you know doing doing all these things and you knowbut also with skateboarding and then you know he was in bands like still whenhe was in high school and stuff and it's all these stuff that you know i hadkids like that in high school too but i felt the same way i'm like ah theseguys are cool and i mean i I took piano lessons forever,but I never translated that into,you know, thinking about, oh, you could be in a band or you could do something.And it was just like, nope, it's piano.It's nerdy. It's never going to work. And it's like, eh, you know.Ben Volz would argue with you. Oh yeah. Yeah. Yeah. That's true. That's very true.So what's your go-to record at this point? Is it Brighton still?Like, because that was your first or.No. Obviously it changes over the years. Uh, for, for the longest, for the longest time.It was crooked rain, crooked rain, just because it is a masterpiece.Yeah. It, it, and again, just out the, out the gate, just how,just how the shambling start of that record and then, you know,the, the, the cowbell kicks in and just.Track 3[12:51] Yeah i stillget goosebumps from that and for a long time that was it andmy least favorite not least favorite but i thoughtwowie zowie for the longest time was there'sso many weird songs on there like you takeyou take a song like half a canyon which i adore but.Track 3[13:11] It is weird it is out there and he'sjust you know screaming and it's kind of nonsense andi find myself now going to wowiezowie um because it is so imean just starting off with we dancewhich is again just this kind of slow burning kindof almost ballady at points yes andthen just the rest of that record with you know gravearchitecture and pueblo and and grounded anduh you know those are just the ones off the top of myhead but again uh at&t andit's top to bottom and it's a little bitlonger record which i like as wellum yeah when you've only got five lps tosort of satiate yourself now there's lots of epstoo but yes five main lps along isnice right right right which againjust to i always have liked that in in uh i'm a modest mouse fan as well notthat you know we need to get into that but their first modest mouse's firsttwo albums were like both 74 minutes and wow this is also back yeah this isalso back when like a cd would cost 15 to 18 dollars and.Track 3[14:26] I didn't have a lot of money so you knowi would buy these records that had so much music on itum when i could and i just appreciated thatbut that longer album uh and it really ebbsand flows as well which which i love and it can gofrom just something that's really simple and straightforward forward to somethingthat other bands it might endup as a b-side or on the cutting room floor because it isthat different but absolutely love thatrecord now that's that's my go-to yeah yeah it'sa good one and it harkens back to those original three eps with some of themore you know minute and a half uh like noise art sort of um gems that are onthere which which again um,You know, getting into watery domestic and all of that, you know,like the first time I heard like forklift, I'm like, what is this?And you compare that to, you know.Track 3[15:27] Anything off the later stuff and it's a weird transition butyou know a lot of bands do that uh you knowthey're they start off you know either fast and punky orweird or they don't know what they're doing and the songs are likea minute and a half but you can still sense the structurethere you can sense that this could be you know building tosomething and like a lot of thosefirst i don't go back to a ton of thestuff prior to slanted i think becauseof that because i didn't find out about a lot ofthese i didn't have access to them you know you couldn't downloadthem most of it was out of print uh you'd belucky if you could find it in a second hand bin um andif you did hooray you know uh really hunting for records and uh yeah i don'tthose are the ones i don't revisit a ton but there are also so many gems inthere as well that i'm like you really need to do give that give that a betterchance it's nice that it's on vinyl now too yes the westing compilation is onvinyl that's a treat absolutely yeah.Track 3[16:30] Because those eps are especially sight tracks is tough to get your hands onyeah yeah and i i i don't i don't buy as much vinyl as i used to but i usedto have a big problem of going on to ebay and just any seven inch i could getmy hands on you know know,um, like anything that I could really, really knock down.And, you know, if it's a reasonable price, I bought it because why not?And I've, I've, I've tapered that a little bit, but I have, I don't know ifI'm missing like at least a U S single.I'm not sure. I can't, I can't remember. I haven't looked in a while,but, um, I, I grabbed as many of those as I could, uh, just because I couldn'tget them anywhere else. Right. Right.Track 3[17:15] Yeah. Did you, did you go to any of the reunion shows like in 2010 or in 2022?Yep. Uh, in 2010, um, they played at a terrible venue in Minneapolis calledthe Roy Wilkins auditorium, which is, um, it's an auditorium that was built,I don't know, in the twenties or thirties.It's, it's just concrete. The sound is miserable.Track 3[17:38] Um, it has a huge main floor, which givesyou room to spread out which was fun and theyopened with cut your hair which i waslike yep perfect perfect you know just get itlet not get it out of the way but so tongue-in-cheek that i i just loved itand i got to see them there and then i went to pitchfork fest that year as welluh to see them so i got to see them to twice there where was the pitchfork festin chicago yep Yep. Yep. In Chicago.And I'd been to that a couple of times. Well, I lived in Minneapolis and I hadmy, uh, I was, I was seeing someone whose brother, uh, lived,he was going to grad school down there.So we had a free place to stay, which makes, oh, look, yeah,Chicago is reasonable now. Yeah.We can drive down, we can take the L and, uh, just have a great time.And you know, it's a festival, so you're far away.Track 3[18:33] But I, you know, had my stupid little digital camerai still have videos somewhere you knowof that but no wow well itwas one of those things where it's like this is a band that was so importantto me at when they were a bandlike in a two three year period and like there'sstill stuff i'm listening to it's still always going backto it but now they're coming back and again itwas it was a thing i'd never thought wouldhappen so it's like that the pixies were never going to happen just likethe replacements were were never going to happen and those happened soi was yeah ecstatic never yeahexactly exactly so what do you think we get to track 31 uh give it a spin andcome back on the other side and talk about track number 31 sounds like a planall right we'll be right back hey this is bob mistandovich from pavement uh thanks for listening.Track 1[19:27] And now on with a countdown down. 31...Track 3[22:09] Well, there it is, track 31, Give It a Day, the first track from the PacificTrim EP, also available on theSorted Sentinels edition of the Wowie Zowie reissue. This is a great song.Track 3[22:49] At 31 give it a day what doyou think scott from north dakota this isa gem and ilove it so much i love the whole ep becauseagain this would have been this wouldhave been something i did not discover until you knowwell after i knew all of wowie zowieall of right in the corners and it wasn't somethingi easily could uh you know haveit and they theysaid we're not going to waste this time so they came together andi mean the whole the whole ep itself less than 10minutes but it is so much funthe entire time and give ita day itself like i i don'ti love lyrics i love knowing the lyrics and idon't often put too much thought into that but when you go read i mean aboutthe people that are in the song you know referencing uh increase mather andand john John Cotton and Cotton Mather and the Puritans.And it's like, it's almost like was somebody reading a book about the Puritansand the Salem Witch Trials and these people. And we're like, you know what?We can actually, I just read something about this. We can throw it together.Track 3[24:09] And it's just top to bottom, just lick after lick after lick and the poppinessand the looseness of it. And yes, I mean. Total pop jam.Track 3[24:20] Total pop jam. I mean. and the melody is infectiousand it it's oneof those two where it clocks in i got wikipedia i'mlooking at here but it clocks in at 237 and i'll find myself listening to justthat song for like 10 15 minutes in a row because it's it's and and every timeyou know whether it's the chorus whether it's the very beginning where the lyricsstart right away whether it's the the last the last line of the song,what did you do to him to make him think.Track 3[24:51] Which again, it's, it's kind of like the, I think it's at the end of crookedrain, crooked rain, or maybe it's the other one where it just kind of trails off.It's like almost a sentence, but not. Yeah. And, and.Track 3[25:04] Top to bottom, just fun. And again, on that EP with followed up with Gangstersand Pranksters, which another gem that's just very, very fun.Track 3[25:15] They were in a fun mood, weren't they? yeah andand it does and this is this is the kind ofthing too where it does it it brings me to someof his early solo work thatthere's just fun songs in itand these are fun songs it's not you know there's a certain way i feel wheni hear grounded or you know we dance that it's almost like this not solemn buti'm not happy when i'm listening to it like if if grounded comes on at a certain time, it cripples me.And this will never cripple me. This will always pick me up. And I love that in a song.You can just put it on and be happy. Do you remember Nike used to have thisapp that you could have on your phone and you could program a power song.So if you were running and you got to the near end, you could click right toyour power song and it would drive you through the finish line.My power song happens to be Walking on Sunshine by Katrina and the Waves. Wow, that's amazing.Because it's so bouncy and so fun. But I could easily see it being Give It aDay because it's also very bouncy and fun.Now, obviously, the lyrics are darker, but the way he's singing them,the cadence of the way he's singing them, like the phrasing is just sublime.Track 3[26:41] And again, like you said, there is a ton of dark, you know, connotations inthere that unless like, again, I went and looked up Wikipedia cause I was like,I know these names and I think they have something to do with this.And then I read about it and I'm like, oh yeah, this is a, this is a,I mean, this is a dark part of American history.And it's just like, no, it's just, just, you know, eyes and eyes and teeth toteeth, but mine are rotten underneath.It's like just the wordsmithing. ah yeah i love it yeah and the funny thingis he probably some of it like melodically.Track 3[27:19] Came up with it on the fly you know like uh like in that in that session likei don't know how many days they they recorded but i don't think it was manyi thought they said it was four okay i mean even to come up with anything andone and they did again i learned this reading but they the the, uh,no more Kings, which is on that schoolhouse rock record.Oh, they did at the same time, I guess, which that was news to me.So, um, but that's, I mean, that they got that much done in that little time.And yes, there were only three of them, you know, uh, spiral and,and Mark weren't there, which, which again, kind of leans me into his solo work a little bit.Cause there are things that, you know, you look at Jenny and the S dog,which is, you know, just a gem.You know, it tells this story and same thing here.We got this really light and poppy and just repetitive, like a song that youcan repeat really quickly and easily.But if you dig into it, it's like, oh no.Track 3[28:22] So yeah, I'm with you. I'm with you. 110%.Is there anything else about the song that you want to discuss? Yes.I think it's, I think it's interesting that there's only one chorus.Yeah. It's, it's just in the middle and it's just, it's repeated and,and how he does it and how he staggers that I've always loved,you know, cause it's, it's like, it's all, it's each one is slightly different.Yeah. And the last one just kind of fades out and it's like,could we have added another section to that? And would that have added or taken away from the song?Cause I, I, I'm not a huge short song person because I like,I get to the end and I'm like, I got to hear that again. I got to hear it again.Track 3[29:11] But if you give me something that's 12 or 15 minutes, sometimes I can,I can just kind of get lost in it.Right you know certain things you know like old mogwaiand you know old old other stuff that isa huge just really dense chunkof material that i can't see trimming down butif you added to this would it take away from it as welli think i don't know but the one thing i can ican venture a guess on is if ithad another 45 seconds this would belike a single like a like i i don't knowif it would have been a smash hit single but to me it's got singlewritten all over it it's it's so catchy it's sogoddamn catchy yeah yeah and againso that's this uh that you said this is 31 31 so is it properly rated in yourbook or should it be higher rated should be lower rated it it's it's tough iti always find that tough with with any band ranking them when you look at eps and you you know,maybe split singles because it's, it's not an album release.And this is, I mean, someone quoted that, Oh, it's right here.It isn't much more of a, than a throwaway, but an extremely enjoyable one.Track 3[30:26] And yeah, I think, I think where it is, it's, I don't think it's overachieving.I think it's really close.I don't know if, I don't think it would make my top20 just because i was so ingrained onthe lps for so long and i i mean i didn'teven have an actual copy of this until uh thethe expanded edition of wowie zowie came out umi had heard it plenty of times but i never had owned a copy so i didn't havethe repetition with it like i did everything else so i think it's pretty closei think for it to for it to be a two minute and 37 second song that is justenjoyable front to back. No, all killer, no filler.I think it's pretty close to where it should be. Nice.Well, that's what I've got for you. I really want to thank you so much,Scott, from North Dakota. Yeah. Do you have anything you want to plug at all? Not really.Track 3[31:22] I just did a music enjoyer that, you know, I'm so happy that these guys didanother reunion tour as well, which now that I had, well, I had time and a littlebit of money, so I got to see them three more times on this tour, which.Oh, brilliant. Just, yeah, I got to see him in St. Paul and then I just wentto Chicago for two shows.And again, what, what amazed me about those shows too, is the,you know, the first tour they went through the set list, I guess, didn't move that much.And about the only song I didn't get to hear that I wanted to three nights ina row, they didn't play frontwards and I was dying to hear frontwards.They played it the night before and the night after. character um butnight to night to night i think theset switched because huge sets toothey're playing three and a half hours yeah and i thinkthe songs changed almost 50 percent night to night to night which if i'm gonnado themself oh my god if i'm gonna go three nights in a row and i'm gonna getyou know sure i'm gonna get maybe cut your hair all three nights which is fineit's not my favorite song but you know i got pueblo i got grounded twice i got uh folk jam whichi love folk jam just such a weird funky little song and i get the hex yes wegot the hex the fuck out of that right oh my god and that's that's the thing like i used to think.Track 3[32:45] Finn was my favorite closing song and going back and listening to the hex withthe guitar solos like i love finn because i love how it fades out and just keepsfading and fading and i just keepturning up the volume until it's absolutely gone.And the hex is just this beast of a sprawling thing and just do,do, do, do, do, do, do. Oh yeah. Yeah.Love that. So, um, and the, the last night I.Track 3[33:16] I treated myself. Uh, I literally was orchestra pit front row center.Oh, I was like, I, I'm a single guy.I don't have anything, you know, outside of, you know, I don't,I don't have kids or anything to spend money on except myself.So I can be, be a little bit, uh, no, no, no, whatever, but absolutely worth it.Uh, just being right up front and hope, hopefully whatever these guys keep doing,they keep doing it. but they seem to be enjoying it.They're obviously due for a break and to get back to, you know,Preston school industry and Malcolm's solo stuff and whatever the other,and, you know, and the Stanovich doing horse stuff.Track 3[33:57] You know, they, they have other interests, but that they've been able to dothis for now, you know, two years.Yeah. That's fantastic. Dan, I couldn't be happier with it.If I had, if I was a man of unlimited means, I'd be going to South America forsure. Absolutely. Yeah. Yep.I mean, luck, luckily for me, it happened during its, well, um,it was in Chicago. And again, I teach, I get two personal days a year.I used them both in September because of course I'm not going to miss pavement.So for the rest of the year, I had no personal days. I'm fine with that.Absolutely fine with that. No problem at all. You, you, you did,you did well and you did well today too.I really want to thank you so much. Yeah, this was awesome.So take good care of yourself and make sure to wash your goddamn hands.Support this podcast at — https://redcircle.com/meeting-malkmus-a-pavement-podcast/exclusive-contentAdvertising Inquiries: https://redcircle.com/brandsPrivacy & Opt-Out: 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The architect of the March on Washington and co-author of Dr. King's memoir was a mentor to the great civil rights martyr. But he was nearly hidden from history—largely by choice.Starring: J. Holtham as Bayard Rustin and Anthony Obi as Martin Luther King, Jr. Also featuring: Miles Grose, Matt Gourley, and Jesse Thorn. Source List:The Martin Luther King, Jr. Research and Education Institute, Bayard Rustin, To Bayard Rustin, Glenn E. Smiley, From Bayard Rustin, Adam Clayton Powell, Jr., Address at NAACP Mass Rally for Civil RightsFacing History & Ourselves, Brother Outsider: Remembering Gay Civil Rights Leader Bayard RustinLambda Legal, 67 Years Later, Bayard Rustin's California Arrest and Jail Time Have Been PardonedJewish News Syndicate, Bayard Rustin (1912-1987)Bill of Rights Institute, Bayard Rustin, Nonviolence vs. Jim Crow, 1942PBS.org., Who Designed the March on Washington?The Weekly Challenger, The FBI Plot to Bring Down the Gay Man Behind the March on WashingtonMaking Gay History, Bayard RustinWashington Blade, Looking Back: 50 Years of the BladeThe Washington Post, Bayard Rustin, Organizer of the March on Washington, Was Crucial to the Movement, In ‘I Must Resist,' Bayard Rustin Lived a Life with No Apologies Montgomery Advertiser, 21, 22, 23, & 24 February 1956Cross Country Solidarity, The Montgomery Bus Boycott: The Full StoryLA Times, Glenn Smiley; Advised King on NonviolenceThe Guardian, When Martin Luther King Gave Up His GunsWhy a Gay, Black Civil Rights Hero Opposed Affirmative ActionMalcolm X and Bayard Rustin Debate on WBAICivilRights.org, Bayard Rustin and the Presidential Medal of Freedom: A Perfect FitYale Law School, Bayard Rustin CentennialResearchgate.net, Arrest Record for Bayard RustinAdam Clayton Powell Jr.Beacon Broadside, Roy Wilkins's Reluctant Tribute to W.E.B. Du BoisLegal Defense Fund, Brown v. Board of EducationGreensboro.com, Thurmond, FBI Had Close Ties, Records ShowThe New York Times, Negro Rally Aide Rebuts SenatorI Must Resist, Bayard Rustin's Life In Letters, Ed. Michael Long, City Lights Books, ©2012Lost Prophet: The Life and Times of Bayard Rustin by John D'Emilio, Free Press/Simon & Schuster, ©2003ALABAMA V. KING, By Dan Abrams and Fred Grey with David Fisher, Harlequin Enterprises, Ltd., ©2022 Martin Luther King, Jr., Homosexuality, and the Early Gay Rights Movement By Michael Long, First published by PALGRAVE MACMILLAN, a division of St. Martin's Press, ©2012Bearing the Cross: Martin Luther King, Jr., and the Southern Christian Leadership Conference by David J Garrow, ©1986, Edition published 2015 by Open Road Media 

In the second half of the conversation between President John F. Kenny and Civil Rights leaders, A. Phillip Randolph called for a crusade with President Kennedy as its leader. Vice President Johnson explained the realities of political power in Congress and how to craft a coalition of support.  And approaches to attracting the support of Former President Dwight Eisenhower were discussed. We pick up the meeting as Roy Wilkins, NAACP Executive Director, presses President Kennedy on who is taking credit for what…and how to leverage that for votes moving forward.   You can find a full transcript of this audio at: https://prde.upress.virginia.edu/conversations/4006294 Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

2023 NAACP ST.Paul Roy Wilkins Branch Freedom Fund Gala is June 17th from 6pm-9pm. For more information go to www.naacp-stapaul.org

In the wake of the deaths of Echol Cole and Robert Walker, 1,300 Memphis sanitation workers went on strike. The men were demanding safer working conditions and basic respect for the services they provided. But Mayor Henry Loeb dug in, refusing to recognize their union or even talk to the workers. When a peaceful demonstration elicits a violent response from Mayor Loeb's police force, it becomes clear exactly what the strikers are up against. The city's hostility brings local churches, students and civic leaders into the struggle. Rev. James Lawson, a leading advocate of nonviolent resistance, emerges as a chief strategist, organizing sit-ins, daily marches and arrests. And the greatest civil rights leader of the time, Dr. Martin Luther King Jr., comes to Memphis to lend his voice to the fight.    This episode features AFSCME President Lee Saunders, exclusive interviews with Rev. Lawson, AFSCME Secretary-Treasurer Emeritus Bill Lucy and historian Michael Honey, along with archival audio from Dr. King, Rev. Gilbert Patterson, AFSCME official P.J. Ciampa, Ezekiel Bell, Roy Wilkins of the NAACP and Rev. William Maxwell Blackburn.  

This episode is also available as a blog post: https://thecitylife.org/2023/03/21/55-million-in-funding-to-build-new-indoor-pool-and-renovate-existing-pool-in-roy-wilkins-park/ --- Send in a voice message: https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/citylifeorg/message Support this podcast: https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/citylifeorg/support

For Black History Month, we're dropping a classic episode into the feed as a bonus every few days... “The Birth of a Nation” was one of the most controversial movies ever made, and when it premiered on February 8, 1915 it almost instantly became the greatest blockbuster of the silent movie era. It featured innovative new filmmaking techniques, a revolutionary score, and it was anchored by thrilling action scenes shot on a never-before-seen scale, with thousands of actors and extras, hundreds of horses, and battlefield effects like real cannons. “Birth of a Nation” was unapologetically racist, promoting white supremacy and glorifying the Ku Klux Klan as the noble, heroic saviors of white America from the villainous clutches of evil black men bent on rape and destruction. Upon the film's 50th anniversary in 1965, NAACP president Roy Wilkins proclaimed that all the progress that African Americans had made over the past half century couldn't outweigh the damage done by “Birth of a Nation.” When the film debuted in Boston in April of 1915, audience reaction was split along racial lines, with white Bostonians flocking to see the movie in record numbers, while black Bostonians organized protests and boycotts, with leaders like William Monroe Trotter attempting to have it banned in Boston. Original show notes: http://HUBhistory.com/121/

Oceania is a vast sea of islands, large scale political struggles and immensely significant historical phenomena. Pasifika Black: Oceania, Anti-Colonialism, and the African World (NYU Press, 2022) is a compelling history of understudied anti-colonial movements in this region, exploring how indigenous Oceanic activists intentionally forged international connections with the African world in their fights for liberation. Drawing from research conducted across Fiji, Australia, Vanuatu, Papua New Guinea, Britain, and the United States, Quito Swan shows how liberation struggles in Oceania actively engaged Black internationalism in their diverse battles against colonial rule. Pasifika Black features as its protagonists Oceania's many playwrights, organizers, religious leaders, scholars, Black Power advocates, musicians, environmental justice activists, feminists, and revolutionaries who carried the banners of Black liberation across the globe. It puts artists like Aboriginal poet Oodgeroo Noonuccal and her 1976 call for a Black Pacific into an extended conversation with Nigeria's Wole Soyinka, the Nuclear Free and Independent Pacific's Amelia Rokotuivuna, Samoa's Albert Wendt, African American anthropologist Angela Gilliam, the NAACP's Roy Wilkins, West Papua's Ben Tanggahma, New Caledonia's Déwé Gorodey, and Polynesian Panther Will 'Ilolahia. In so doing, Swan displays the links Oceanic activists consciously and painstakingly formed in order to connect Black metropoles across the Atlantic, Pacific, and Indian Oceans. In a world grappling with the global significance of Black Lives Matter and state-sanctioned violence against Black and Brown bodies, Pasifika Black is a both triumphant history and tragic reminder of the ongoing quests for decolonization in Oceania, the African world, and the Global South. Amanda Joyce Hall is a postdoctoral fellow at Northwestern University in the Department of African American Studies. She's on Twitter @amandajoycehall. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/african-american-studies

Oceania is a vast sea of islands, large scale political struggles and immensely significant historical phenomena. Pasifika Black: Oceania, Anti-Colonialism, and the African World (NYU Press, 2022) is a compelling history of understudied anti-colonial movements in this region, exploring how indigenous Oceanic activists intentionally forged international connections with the African world in their fights for liberation. Drawing from research conducted across Fiji, Australia, Vanuatu, Papua New Guinea, Britain, and the United States, Quito Swan shows how liberation struggles in Oceania actively engaged Black internationalism in their diverse battles against colonial rule. Pasifika Black features as its protagonists Oceania's many playwrights, organizers, religious leaders, scholars, Black Power advocates, musicians, environmental justice activists, feminists, and revolutionaries who carried the banners of Black liberation across the globe. It puts artists like Aboriginal poet Oodgeroo Noonuccal and her 1976 call for a Black Pacific into an extended conversation with Nigeria's Wole Soyinka, the Nuclear Free and Independent Pacific's Amelia Rokotuivuna, Samoa's Albert Wendt, African American anthropologist Angela Gilliam, the NAACP's Roy Wilkins, West Papua's Ben Tanggahma, New Caledonia's Déwé Gorodey, and Polynesian Panther Will 'Ilolahia. In so doing, Swan displays the links Oceanic activists consciously and painstakingly formed in order to connect Black metropoles across the Atlantic, Pacific, and Indian Oceans. In a world grappling with the global significance of Black Lives Matter and state-sanctioned violence against Black and Brown bodies, Pasifika Black is a both triumphant history and tragic reminder of the ongoing quests for decolonization in Oceania, the African world, and the Global South. Amanda Joyce Hall is a postdoctoral fellow at Northwestern University in the Department of African American Studies. She's on Twitter @amandajoycehall. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/new-books-network

Oceania is a vast sea of islands, large scale political struggles and immensely significant historical phenomena. Pasifika Black: Oceania, Anti-Colonialism, and the African World (NYU Press, 2022) is a compelling history of understudied anti-colonial movements in this region, exploring how indigenous Oceanic activists intentionally forged international connections with the African world in their fights for liberation. Drawing from research conducted across Fiji, Australia, Vanuatu, Papua New Guinea, Britain, and the United States, Quito Swan shows how liberation struggles in Oceania actively engaged Black internationalism in their diverse battles against colonial rule. Pasifika Black features as its protagonists Oceania's many playwrights, organizers, religious leaders, scholars, Black Power advocates, musicians, environmental justice activists, feminists, and revolutionaries who carried the banners of Black liberation across the globe. It puts artists like Aboriginal poet Oodgeroo Noonuccal and her 1976 call for a Black Pacific into an extended conversation with Nigeria's Wole Soyinka, the Nuclear Free and Independent Pacific's Amelia Rokotuivuna, Samoa's Albert Wendt, African American anthropologist Angela Gilliam, the NAACP's Roy Wilkins, West Papua's Ben Tanggahma, New Caledonia's Déwé Gorodey, and Polynesian Panther Will 'Ilolahia. In so doing, Swan displays the links Oceanic activists consciously and painstakingly formed in order to connect Black metropoles across the Atlantic, Pacific, and Indian Oceans. In a world grappling with the global significance of Black Lives Matter and state-sanctioned violence against Black and Brown bodies, Pasifika Black is a both triumphant history and tragic reminder of the ongoing quests for decolonization in Oceania, the African world, and the Global South. Amanda Joyce Hall is a postdoctoral fellow at Northwestern University in the Department of African American Studies. She's on Twitter @amandajoycehall. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/history

Oceania is a vast sea of islands, large scale political struggles and immensely significant historical phenomena. Pasifika Black: Oceania, Anti-Colonialism, and the African World (NYU Press, 2022) is a compelling history of understudied anti-colonial movements in this region, exploring how indigenous Oceanic activists intentionally forged international connections with the African world in their fights for liberation. Drawing from research conducted across Fiji, Australia, Vanuatu, Papua New Guinea, Britain, and the United States, Quito Swan shows how liberation struggles in Oceania actively engaged Black internationalism in their diverse battles against colonial rule. Pasifika Black features as its protagonists Oceania's many playwrights, organizers, religious leaders, scholars, Black Power advocates, musicians, environmental justice activists, feminists, and revolutionaries who carried the banners of Black liberation across the globe. It puts artists like Aboriginal poet Oodgeroo Noonuccal and her 1976 call for a Black Pacific into an extended conversation with Nigeria's Wole Soyinka, the Nuclear Free and Independent Pacific's Amelia Rokotuivuna, Samoa's Albert Wendt, African American anthropologist Angela Gilliam, the NAACP's Roy Wilkins, West Papua's Ben Tanggahma, New Caledonia's Déwé Gorodey, and Polynesian Panther Will 'Ilolahia. In so doing, Swan displays the links Oceanic activists consciously and painstakingly formed in order to connect Black metropoles across the Atlantic, Pacific, and Indian Oceans. In a world grappling with the global significance of Black Lives Matter and state-sanctioned violence against Black and Brown bodies, Pasifika Black is a both triumphant history and tragic reminder of the ongoing quests for decolonization in Oceania, the African world, and the Global South. Amanda Joyce Hall is a postdoctoral fellow at Northwestern University in the Department of African American Studies. She's on Twitter @amandajoycehall. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/critical-theory

Oceania is a vast sea of islands, large scale political struggles and immensely significant historical phenomena. Pasifika Black: Oceania, Anti-Colonialism, and the African World (NYU Press, 2022) is a compelling history of understudied anti-colonial movements in this region, exploring how indigenous Oceanic activists intentionally forged international connections with the African world in their fights for liberation. Drawing from research conducted across Fiji, Australia, Vanuatu, Papua New Guinea, Britain, and the United States, Quito Swan shows how liberation struggles in Oceania actively engaged Black internationalism in their diverse battles against colonial rule. Pasifika Black features as its protagonists Oceania's many playwrights, organizers, religious leaders, scholars, Black Power advocates, musicians, environmental justice activists, feminists, and revolutionaries who carried the banners of Black liberation across the globe. It puts artists like Aboriginal poet Oodgeroo Noonuccal and her 1976 call for a Black Pacific into an extended conversation with Nigeria's Wole Soyinka, the Nuclear Free and Independent Pacific's Amelia Rokotuivuna, Samoa's Albert Wendt, African American anthropologist Angela Gilliam, the NAACP's Roy Wilkins, West Papua's Ben Tanggahma, New Caledonia's Déwé Gorodey, and Polynesian Panther Will 'Ilolahia. In so doing, Swan displays the links Oceanic activists consciously and painstakingly formed in order to connect Black metropoles across the Atlantic, Pacific, and Indian Oceans. In a world grappling with the global significance of Black Lives Matter and state-sanctioned violence against Black and Brown bodies, Pasifika Black is a both triumphant history and tragic reminder of the ongoing quests for decolonization in Oceania, the African world, and the Global South. Amanda Joyce Hall is a postdoctoral fellow at Northwestern University in the Department of African American Studies. She's on Twitter @amandajoycehall. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/australian-and-new-zealand-studies

If you're interested in learning about the activist who led the NAACP during the Civil Rights Movement, then my Roy Wilkins Black History Facts profile is for you.   Show notes and sources are available http://noirehistoir.com/blog/roy-wilkins

Let's discuss some specifics on how to sleep better after a brain injury. Dr. Wilkins also shares important information on sleep hygiene, what a sleep study will do, and hope that there is help available. This is Part 2 - check out last week's episode to hear an introduction on how sleep affects the brain and sleep disturbances after brain injury, along with more of Dr. Wilkins personal journey with TBI. 0:00 Intro 5:15 Getting to Root Cause 7:00 Trouble Falling Asleep 10:00 Trouble Staying Asleep 16:15 Help with Sleep Medicine 18:05 What is a Sleep Study? 19:30 What Happens when you're Sleep Deprived 22:15 More Sleep Study Info 24:15 Sleep Hygiene / Habits 33:30 Do what you Can Do 35:15 Words of Hope: There's Help 37:20 Contact Roy Wilkins, D.C., M.D., RPSGT has extensive training and history in neurology, chiropractic medicine, and sleep medicine. He received his D.C. degree in 1983, residency orthopedics with board certification in 1989, residency neurology board certification in 1992, fellowship with sleep medicine American academy sleep medicine waiver B program in 2006, and MD degree UHSA 2010. He has owned and operated sleep labs White Mountain Sleep Lab from 2003 to present. Contact: roydwilkins@hotmail.com CONNECT Listen to Cristabelle's new "Hope Survives" single on all music streaming platforms! Hosted by Cristabelle Braden: @cristabellebraden | cristabellebraden.com Hope After Head Injury: @hopeafterheadinjury | hopeafterheadinjury.com Brain Injury Bible Study: @braininjurybiblestudy | braininjurybiblestudy.com Join the online community & zoom support group: hopeafterheadinjury.com/community Thank you to Council on Brain Injury for supporting this podcast by providing a microphone as part of their grant program to the brain injury community. Check out the amazing work done by CoBI at: councilonbraininjury.com This podcast is for education and informational purposes only, and not intended for medical advice. If you need specific medical advice, please consult your physician. More: hopesurvivespodcast.com

Dr. Roy Wilkins is an expert in sleep medicine - and a brain injury survivor himself! This week we will learn the importance of how sleep affects the brain. Dr. Wilkins also shares some of his own journey with TBI, along with why there can be sleep disturbances after a brain injury. Stay tuned for PART 2 with Dr. Wilkins next week! 0:00 Intro 2:15 Cristabelle 7:50 Introducing Dr. Roy Wilkins 9:50 TBI Experience 17:50 Why is sleep so important? 21:10 Sleep & Brain Injury 25:20 Sleep & Autonomic System 28:20 Suggestions for Helping Sleep Roy Wilkins, D.C., M.D., RPSGT has extensive training and history in neurology, chiropractic medicine, and sleep medicine. He received his D.C. degree in 1983, residency orthopedics with board certification in 1989, residency neurology board certification in 1992, fellowship with sleep medicine American academy sleep medicine waiver B program in 2006, and MD degree UHSA 2010. He has owned and operated sleep labs White Mountain Sleep Lab from 2003 to present. CONNECT Listen to Cristabelle's new "Hope Survives" single on all music streaming platforms! Hosted by Cristabelle Braden: @cristabellebraden | cristabellebraden.com Hope After Head Injury: @hopeafterheadinjury | hopeafterheadinjury.com Brain Injury Bible Study: @braininjurybiblestudy | braininjurybiblestudy.com Join the online community & zoom support group: hopeafterheadinjury.com/community Thank you to Council on Brain Injury for supporting this podcast by providing a microphone as part of their grant program to the brain injury community. Check out the amazing work done by CoBI at: councilonbraininjury.com This podcast is for education and informational purposes only, and not intended for medical advice. If you need specific medical advice, please consult your physician. More: hopesurvivespodcast.com

As part of our Black History Month series we look at the early integration philosophies and pan Africanism.The visions of Washington, Du Bois, and Garvey all fell short of settling the future of black people in American society. In the mid-20th century, new leaders emerged to guide the civil rights movement. Martin Luther King Jr. and others pursued a strategy of passive non-violence to overcome segregation in the South. Leaders of the NAACP, such as Thurgood Marshall, pushed forward legal cases to end segregation. Some took more militant stands. The Black Muslims led by Elijah Muhammad advocated separation. Malcolm X broke from the muslims and founded a rival organization opposing separation. The Black Panthers led by Huey Newton prepared for revolution. Today, new black leaders continue to struggle among themselves over the best way for African Americans to improve their lives.For Discussion and WritingCompare the visions for African Americans of Booker T. Washington, W. E. B. Du Bois, and Marcus Garvey.Write an editorial that critiques the vision of Washington, Du Bois, or Garvey.Considering the state of race relations in the United States in the early years of the 20th century, what do you think was the best way for black people to improve their lives as American citizens? Why?The National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP)[a] is a civil rights organization in the United States, formed in 1909 as an interracial endeavor to advance justice for African Americans by a group including W. E. B. Du Bois, Mary White Ovington, Moorfield Storey and Ida B. Wells. Leaders of the organization include Thurgood Marshall and Roy Wilkins.★ Support this podcast on Patreon ★

In observance of Black History Month 2022, we once again reach back into the Hogg Foundation's archive of episodes of the Human Condition, the radio program that the foundation produced from 1971 to 1983. These rare conversations cover a multitude of subjects against a backdrop of rapid social change--and new developments in mental health. This episode features a revealing conversation with Roy Wilkins (1901-1981), civil rights icon and longtime leader of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People. Related links: Episode 76: From the Archives: Dr. Kenneth Clark on Racism and Child Well-Being https://hogg.utexas.edu/podcast-dr-kenneth-clark-on-racism-and-child-well-being Episode 120: Why History? https://hogg.utexas.edu/podcast-why-history Episode 65:The Past Does Matter: Post-Traumatic Slave Syndrome https://hogg.utexas.edu/podcast-the-past-does-matter

Today's Black History Month bonus episode focuses on Black Boston's reaction to one of the most racist movies ever made. When “The Birth of a Nation” premiered on February 8, 1915, it almost instantly became the greatest blockbuster of the silent movie era. It featured innovative new filmmaking techniques, a revolutionary score, and it was anchored by thrilling action scenes shot on a never-before-seen scale, with thousands of actors and extras, hundreds of horses, and battlefield effects like real cannons. “Birth of a Nation” was unapologetically racist, promoting white supremacy and glorifying the Ku Klux Klan as the noble, heroic saviors of white America from the villainous clutches of evil black men bent on rape and destruction. Upon the film's 50th anniversary in 1965, NAACP president Roy Wilkins proclaimed that all the progress that African Americans had made over the past half century couldn't outweigh the damage done by “Birth of a Nation.” When the film debuted in Boston in April of 1915, audience reaction was split along racial lines, with white Bostonians flocking to see the movie in record numbers, while black Bostonians organized protests and boycotts, with leaders like William Monroe Trotter attempting to have it banned in Boston. Original show notes: http://www.hubhistory.com/episodes/the-birth-of-a-nation-in-boston-episode-121/

The Frontline Worker Pay Working Group's recommendation for how to distribute the $250 million in financial support for essential workers is due in early September  Senator Karin Housley, co-chair of the special working group, joins Capitol Report moderator Shannon Loehrke to talk more about the panel's progress in deciding how to allocate the money.The decennial census aims to count every resident in the United States in order to determine congressional and state legislative representation. The information also provides a treasure trove of data that helps demographers understand population trends.  Minnesota's State Demographer Susan Brower joins Shannon to highlight Minnesota's changing population. For more than 20 years, Roy Wilkins was the executive secretary of the NAACP, the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People.  The ‘Spiral for Justice' memorial on the Minnesota Capitol grounds commemorates his work for racial equality.  Former State Capitol Area Architectural and Planning Board Secretary Paul Mandell explains the memorial and its recent renovation.

For Black History Month, we're dropping some of our favorite past episodes back into the podcast feed every few days this month. Enjoy! “The Birth of a Nation” was one of the most controversial movies ever made, and when it premiered on February 8, 1915 it almost instantly became the greatest blockbuster of the silent movie era. It featured innovative new filmmaking techniques, a revolutionary score, and it was anchored by thrilling action scenes shot on a never-before-seen scale, with thousands of actors and extras, hundreds of horses, and battlefield effects like real cannons. “Birth of a Nation” was apologetically racist, promoting white supremacy and glorifying the Ku Klux Klan as the noble, heroic saviors of white America from the villainous clutches of evil black men bent on rape and destruction. Upon the film’s 50th anniversary in 1965, NAACP president Roy Wilkins proclaimed that all the progress that African Americans had made over the past half century couldn’t outweigh the damage done by “Birth of a Nation.” When the film debuted in Boston in April of 1915, audience reaction was split along racial lines, with white Bostonians flocking to see the movie in record numbers, while black Bostonians organized protests and boycotts, with leaders like William Monroe Trotter attempting to have it banned in Boston. Show notes: http://HUBhistory.com/121

Listen In: Our episode today a Tribute To #MartinLutherKing Day. Today #AuspiciousWellness HonorsThe Big Six Southern Christian Leadership Conference • Martin Luther King Jr.• James Farmer.• John Lewis.• A. Philip Randolph.• Roy Wilkins.• Whitney Young.We salute these men for their contribution and selflessness.But There were others who Stood up in the face of racism and marched, and put their lives on the line. These three men I want to talk about came from very different walks of life, Race, Religion, Ethnicity and Their Strong Belief System of standing up to Racial InjusticesRabbi Abraham Joshua Heschel a Jewish Theologian He escaped from Nazi German, escaping at the last minute while his mother and sisters were murdered by Nazis. Arch Bishop Lakovos, leader of the Greek Orthodox Archdiocese of North and South America James Reeb Caucasian Boston Minister who was beaten to death Hours after his arrival in Selma So In Celebration of #MartinLutherKingJr Birthday our show today is with 5 very different individuals, 5 different diverse cultures, ethnicity and race come together and discuss what freedom of speech is in a democratic society. This conversation is To Honors those before us and those after us who fought and will fight for #Democracy. Our Democracy of governing legislators to govern by the #ConstitutionOfTheUnitedStates founded by the founders as the rule of law by the people and for the people. This very poignant and intimate conversation is amongst the 5 individuals who open up about looking for equality, inclusion, understanding, acceptance, removing the negative stigmatism of • Racism• Sexism• Ageism• Classism• Homophobia• Nationalism• Religious prejudice• Xenophobia• Voting Rights and • EqualityDisclaimerThis podcast is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease.listen to all episodes in season 1 and 2 here https://auspiciouswellness.com/pages/auspicious-wellness-podcast-evolution-from-ordinary-to-extraordinaryIf you would like to opt-in and stay connected to the Auspicious Wellness Coaching Circle, feel free to click the link below and signup. Sign up and stay up today as we release new coaching products, freebies, recipe demonstrations, announcements, and more. Click the link and submit the signup form. Let's stay motivated together. See you then https://forms.aweber.com/form/33/5949233.htm #podcaster#podcaster#DebraSmithTorrence#AuspiciousWelnessPodcast#BestPodcastonSpotify#WellnessPodcast#WomensHealthPodcast#SelfImprovementPodcast#wellness#Mindfullfess#anxiety#Stress#MotivationalPodcast#LiveYourBestLife#InstagramPodcast#Radio#Youtube#RadioShow#NewEpisode#Podcast#PodcastLife#PodcasterOfInstagram Contact: 833-287-7424 Ext 700 Debbie Smith-TorrenceWebsite: www.auspiciouswellness.com

Dr. Roy Wilkins is both a Medical Doctor and a Doctor of Chiropractic. He also holds fellowships in sleep studies and neurology. Dr. Wilkins has specialized in sleep medicine and has helped patients from around the world suffering from sleep disorders. Dr. Wilkins practices in Lakeside, Arizona at White Mountain Sleep Lab, Inc. www.neurologicwellnessinstitute.com

The Executive Secretary for the NAACP, Wilkins brought its strength to the fight for equal rights across the board. He marched and supported every effort to knock down the walls of American oppression. His power to articulate the condition of African American citizens mad him an eloquent speaker and a mighty warrior of the 20th century. By the way, I thank you for your support. I really do. Your feedback is always welcome. --- This episode is sponsored by · Anchor: The easiest way to make a podcast. https://anchor.fm/app Support this podcast: https://anchor.fm/terri-lyons/support

In 2002, the late civil rights champion Roger Wilkins gave one of the most memorable talks ever given at the Writers’ Conference. Roger’s great grandfather was a slave. Two generations later, Roger’s uncle, Roy Wilkins, became the legendary leader of the NAACP for over two decades. Three generations removed from the Mississippi slave fields, Roger Wilkins played pivotal roles in the civil rights advancements of both the Kennedy and Johnson administrations, and later, as author, columnist, and professor, became a powerful voice of advocacy and hope for Black people in America. In the wake of the police killing of George Floyd and other black Americans, and in the midst of the Black Lives Matter movement, the words of Roger Wilkins, who died in 2017 at the age of 85, have never sounded more relevant, or vital, to the conversation about what kind of great nation America was meant to be, and must still become.   Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

If someone had told me in 1963 that one day I would be in Congress, I would have said, 'You're crazy. You don't know what you're talking about.' John Lewis Rep. John R. Lewis, the civil rights icon whose fight for racial justice began in the Jim Crow south and ended in the halls of Congress, died Friday night. The Georgia lawmaker had been suffering from Stage IV pancreatic cancer since December. He was 80. The son of Alabama sharecroppers, Lewis served in Congress for more than three decades, pushing the causes he championed as an original Freedom Rider challenging segregation, discrimination and injustice in the Deep South – issues reverberating today in the Black Lives Matter movement. Along with Martin Luther King Jr., he was an organizer of the March on Washington in 1963, a seminal moment in the Civil Rights Movement that led to the passage of voting rights for Blacks two years later. He became a community activist and member of the Atlanta City Council before winning a seat in Congress in 1986. He would go on to become a best-selling author and in 2011 was awarded the nation's highest civilian award, the Presidential Medal of Freedom, by Barack Obama, the nation's first Black president. Lewis was elected to his 17th term in November 2018. "Some people were heard to say by sitting down, these young people are standing up for the very best in American tradition," Lewis told USA TODAY in 2013. "Martin Luther King Jr. was so pleased. He was gratified, He was deeply moved and touched to see this new militancy on the part of the students. He knew then that his message of non-violence and passive resistance would live, and it would be moving around the South, embedded in the very being of these young people." Arrested, jailed and beaten for challenging Jim Crow laws, Lewis would become a national figure by his early 20s. He later became the youngest of the Big Six civil rights leaders and, at 23, helped organize the March on Washington. There, he provided a keynote speech at the landmark event for civil rights. "As it stands now, the voting section of this bill will not help the thousands of black people who want to vote," Lewis said. "It will not help the citizens of Mississippi, of Alabama and Georgia who are qualified to vote but lack a sixth-grade education. One man, one vote is the African cry. It is ours, too. It must be ours." Two years later, he helped organize the voting-rights march in Alabama that became known as "Bloody Sunday," when state troopers attacked demonstrators with tear gas and billy clubs, a nationally televised melee that hastened passage of the Voting Rights Act. Lewis' skull was fractured in the demonstration Lewis remained the last surviving member of the Big Six, which included King, James Farmer, A. Phillip Randolph, Roy Wilkins, and Whitney Young. --- This episode is sponsored by · Anchor: The easiest way to make a podcast. https://anchor.fm/app --- Send in a voice message: https://anchor.fm/limitless4life/message Support this podcast: https://anchor.fm/limitless4life/support

In this episode of Talk Neuro to Me, we meet with sleep study expert Dr. Roy Wilkins to discuss how sleep effects our health and how to recognize the signs in a patient who may be experiencing sleep disturbances.    

Emmy Award and multiple NAACP Image Award-winning film, television and stage veteran Joe Morton is perhaps best known for his role as Rowan Pope in the television series “Scandal.” Morton’s television credits include a recurring role as lawyer Daniel Golden on “The Good Wife,” on the Network; five seasons as scientist Henry Deacon in the Emmy-nominated series “Eureka”; “The Cosby Show” spinoff “A Different World”; the Kyra Sedgwick-produced “Proof”; and “Grace & Frankie.” In 2016 he portrayed the role of Roy Wilkins alongside Bryan Cranston in the Emmy-nominated biopic “All the Way,” adapted from the Tony Award-winning Robert Schenkkan play.   In 2016 Morton appeared in the feature film “Batman vs. Superman: Dawn of Justice” as Silas Stone, and he reprised the role in November 2017 in “Justice League.” His additional feature film credits include playing the title character in John Sayles’ “The Brother from Another Planet” and roles in “Terminator 2: Judgement Day,” “American Gangster,” “What Lies Beneath,” “Blues Brothers 2000” and “The Astronaut’s Wife.”   Recently, Morton starred as the titular role alongside Tom Hanks in Shakespeare Center of Los Angeles’ production of “Henry IV.” Staged by Tony Award-winning director Daniel Sullivan, the critically raved show featured Morton as Henry IV and Hanks as Sir John Falstaff. In spring 2016, Morton portrayed the groundbreaking comedian Dick Gregory in the one-man show “Turn Me Loose,” executive produced by Grammy Award winner John Legend. Morton was honored with the NAACP Theatre Lifetime Achievement Award and was awarded the Lucille Lortel Award for Outstanding Lead Actor in a Play. Also, he was nominated for the Drama League Award for Distinguished Performance. In October 2017, he brought “Turn Me Loose” to Los Angeles at the Wallis Annenberg Center for the Performing Arts.   Born in Harlem, Morton was raised in a military family and spent parts of his childhood in West Germany and Okinawa, Japan, before finishing school in New York. After attending Hofstra University, Morton debuted on Broadway in the Tony Award-winning musical “Hair,” followed by his starring role in “Raisin,” the Tony Award-winning musical adaptation of Lorraine Hansberry’s “A Raisin in the Sun,” which earned him a Tony nomination and Theatre World Award for his portrayal as the embittered Walter Lee Younger. In addition, he appeared in David Hare’s “Stuff Happens” at the National Theatre in London as Colin Powell and played Serge in “Art” on Broadway (and in London’s West End) with Judd Hirsch and George Wendt.   Morton is a huge proponent of diversity in Hollywood and uses his platform to express the need for more contemporary non-white roles in television and film. Morton devotes his rare free time to writing, playing his guitar and recording music. Music has been a huge part of his life, and his talent has led him to write and score a multitude of songs for various film and TV projects.

This is a classic we had with 2 Legends Mr.Herman ( May the Most High bless his Soul )and Iyaluua Ferguson.We will speaks with Herman Ferguson who's over 90 years young, and his wife Iyaluua Ferguson. Mr. Ferguson was a dedicated colleague of Malcolm X. His book An Unlikely Warrior: The Evolution of a Revolutionary chronicles his journey from growing up in North Carolina to becoming a founding member of Malcolm X's Organization of Afro-American Unity (OAAU) to being an eyewitness to his leader's assassination in Harlem's Audubon Ballroom in 1965. He also helped to organize the Republic of new Afrika and was a member of the Revolutionary Action Movement (RAM). As a member of RAM, Herman was arrested for conspiracy to assassinate Roy Wilkins of the NAACP and Whitney Young of the Urban League. Herman was sentenced to 3 and a half – 7 years, but he fled the country and surfaced in Guyana where he lived and worked for the next 19 years. In 1989 he returned to the United States where he was promptly arrested and imprisoned for seven years. Today he has been released and serves as the co-chair of the Jericho Movement, and as the chair of the Malcolm X Commemoration Committee.

“The Birth of a Nation” was one of the most controversial movies ever made, and when it premiered on February 8, 1915 it almost instantly became the greatest blockbuster of the silent movie era. It featured innovative new filmmaking techniques, a revolutionary score, and it was anchored by thrilling action scenes shot on a never-before-seen scale, with thousands of actors and extras, hundreds of horses, and battlefield effects like real cannons. “Birth of a Nation” was apologetically racist, promoting white supremacy and glorifying the Ku Klux Klan as the noble, heroic saviors of white America from the villainous clutches of evil black men bent on rape and destruction. Upon the film’s 50th anniversary in 1965, NAACP president Roy Wilkins proclaimed that all the progress that African Americans had made over the past half century couldn’t outweigh the damage done by “Birth of a Nation.” When the film debuted in Boston in April of 1915, audience reaction was split along racial lines, with white Bostonians flocking to see the movie in record numbers, while black Bostonians organized protests and boycotts, with leaders like William Monroe Trotter attempting to have it banned in Boston. Show notes: http://HUBhistory.com/121 Support us on Patreon: http://www.patreon.com/HUBhistory

Topics: Knicks, Lonzo Ball, Tupac & Nas overrated? Top five rappers, Who was the bigger disappointment Banks or Julez? Queens, Chief Keef, xxx vs Migos, Gummo, Going Stupid tape, Roy Wilkins, 360 parties, Plus more

https://soundcloud.com/roywilkins

Episode 19 a la Joe Sakic or Stevie Y! Jer, Dan, and Scott talk Sunday Sales, the War on everything including WI beer, Too Many Sports Buildings. the Chilean soccer team is handed some Non-Revenue Notoriety, Dan calls a bunch of public servants frauds, the boys discuss the perils of Downtown, Section 8 housing, and Colin Kapernick. This episode is brought to you by Tin Whiskers Brewing (twbrewing.com)! Music provided by the wonderful likes of RLGDPPL (https://www.facebook.com/RLGDPPL/) and Hannah Von Der Hoff (https://www.facebook.com/HannahvonderHoff/)who are playing Friday, June 30th at 331 Club (http://331club.com/) along with Jesse Sorenson RLGDPPL have also been doing some work for Feed My Starving Children throughout June and are offering to buy a drink on Friday for anyone who participated (and can show them a picture of themselves helping out) during the #LoveSomalia packing event at Roy Wilkins at the beginning of the month. Thanks for listening! https://www.facebook.com/nonrevenueradio https://twitter.com/nonrevenueradio

The Total Tutor Neil Haley will interview Emmy Award Winner Joe Morton of ABC's Scandal. Joe has over 40 years of experience in theatre, television and film and has become a dominating presence on Shonda Rhimes' groundbreaking series. Often referred to as the 'Monologue King,' Morton's dialogue has been communicated almost exclusively in eloquent intervals delivering poignant speeches that are both singular and blistering, whilst addressing class, race and privilege; topics that are rarely covered in primetime television. As a central and lethal focal point throughout the series, critics and audiences alike came to understand that “Rowan” is the seemingly evil mastermind behind nearly all of the nefarious events that have unfolded.  2016 has been Joe's busiest year! Morton recently made an appearance in Zack Snyder's BATMAN V. SUPERMAN: DAWN OF JUSTICE playing the role of 'Dr. Silas Stone' of S.T.A.R. Labs, the father of 'Victor Stone,' the metahuman better known as Cyborg, who is set to appear in countless films slated for release over the course of the next four years. Morton also portrayed the role of NAACP leader Roy Wilkins alongside Bryan Cranston in the critically-acclaimed HBO Lyndon B. Johnson biopic ALL THE WAY, adapted from the Tony-winning Robert Schenkkan play, directed by Jay Roach and executive produced by Steven Spielberg. Last but not least, Morton returned to his theater roots as he portrays the groundbreaking comedian Dick Gregory in the one-man show TURN ME LOOSE at The Westside Theatre in New York City, receiving rave reviews. The New York Times      

Roy Wilkins: The Right to Dignity To watch this video please visit Public Access America https://youtu.be/VzztzLp_tHk Roy Wilkins (August 30, 1901 - September 8, 1981) was a prominent civil rights activist in the United States from the 1930s to the 1970s. Wilkins was active in the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) and between 1931 and 1934 was assistant NAACP secretary under Walter Francis White. When W. E. B. Du Bois left the organization in 1934, Wilkins replaced him as editor of Crisis, the official magazine of the NAACP. Roy Wilkins was born in St. Louis, Missouri. He grew up in the home of his aunt and uncle in a low-income, integrated community in St. Paul, Minnesota. Working his way through college at the University of Minnesota, Wilkins graduated from the University of Minnesota with a degree in sociology in 1923. He worked as a journalist at The Minnesota Daily and became editor of St. Paul Appeal, an African-American newspaper. After he graduated he became the editor of the Kansas City Call. In 1929 he married social worker Aminda "Minnie" Badeau; the couple had no children. In 1950, Wilkins-along with A. Philip Randolph, founder of the Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters, and Arnold Aronson, a leader of the National Jewish Community Relations Advisory Council-founded the Leadership Conference on Civil Rights (LCCR). LCCR has become the premier civil rights coalition, and has coordinated the national legislative campaign on behalf of every major civil rights law since 1957 In 1955, Wilkins was named executive secretary (the title was later changed to executive director in 1964) of the NAACP. He had an excellent reputation as an articulate spokesperson for the civil rights movement. One of his first actions was to provide support to civil rights activists in Mississippi who were being subject to a "credit squeeze" by members of the White Citizens Councils. Wilkins backed a proposal suggested by Dr. T.R.M. Howard of Mound Bayou, Mississippi who headed the Regional Council of Negro Leadership, a leading civil rights organization in the state. Under the plan, black businesses and voluntary associations shifted their accounts to the black-owned Tri-State Bank of Memphis, Tennessee. By the end of 1955, about $280,000 had been deposited in Tri-State for this purpose. The money enabled Tri-State to extend loans to credit-worthy blacks who were denied loans by white banks. Wilkins participated in the March on Washington (1963), the Selma to Montgomery marches (1965), and the March Against Fear (1966). He believed in achieving reform by legislative means; he testified before many Congressional hearings and conferred with Presidents Kennedy, Johnson, Nixon, Ford, and Carter. Wilkins strongly opposed militancy in the movement for civil rights as represented by the "black power" movement. In 1967, Wilkins was awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom by Lyndon Johnson. During his tenure, the NAACP led the nation into the Civil Rights movement and spearheaded the efforts that led to significant civil rights victories, including Brown v. Board of Education, the Civil Rights Act of 1964, and the Voting Rights Act of 1965. In 1977, at the age of 76, Wilkins retired from the NAACP and was succeeded by Benjamin Hooks. He died September 9, 1981. In 1982 his autobiography Standing Fast: The Autobiography of Roy Wilkins was published posthumously. The Roy Wilkins Centre for Human Relations and Human Justice was established in the University of Minnesota's Humphrey Institute of Public Affairs in 1992. Source Link https://archive.org/details/gov.archives.arc.2546045 Copyright Link https://creativecommons.org/licenses/publicdomain/

The Voices of Wrestling flagship podcast returns with a loaded show talking topics from all across the world of wrestling. We begin with a look at the much-talked about hour-plus match between Trevor Lee and Roy Wilkins in CWF Mid-Atlantic including things we liked and disliked about the match and what it means for CWF moving forward. Next up is WrestleMania weekend we get an early idea of where Joe is planning to go, what matches have been announced so far and a bold prediction as to where you can find Kota Ibushi. Last but not least we preview this weekend's WWE Network special WWE Roadblock and New Japan Pro Wrestling's New Japan Cup 2016 Finals. Support this podcast at — https://redcircle.com/voices-of-wrestling-flagship/donations Advertising Inquiries: https://redcircle.com/brands Privacy & Opt-Out: https://redcircle.com/privacy

STRANGE FRUITZ RISINZ WOULD LIKE TO PAY THEIR  TRIBUTE A GREAT FREEDOM FIGHTER AND TRUE BLACK LIBERATOR BABA HERMAN FERGUSON.Herman Ferguson was one the founding members of Malcolm X's Organization of Afro-American Unity. He also helped to organize the Republic of new Afrika and was a member of the Revolutionary Action Movement (RAM). As a member of RAM, Herman was arrested for conspiracy to assassinate Roy Wilkins of the NAACP and Whitney Young of the Urban League. Herman was sentenced to 3 and a half – 7 years, but he fled the country and surfaced in Guyana where he lived and worked for the next 19 years. In 1989 he returned to the United States where he was promptly arrested and imprisoned for seven years. Today he has been released and serves as the co-chair of the Jericho Movement, and as the chair of the Malcolm X Commemoration Committee.

ON TONITE SHOW ARE HONORED TO HAVE 2 Living Legends  with us  Mr.Herman and Iyaluua Ferguson.We will speaks with Herman Ferguson who's over 90 years young, and his wife Iyaluua Ferguson. Mr. Ferguson was a dedicated colleague of Malcolm X. His book An Unlikely Warrior: The Evolution of a Revolutionary chronicles his journey from growing up in North Carolina to becoming a founding member of Malcolm X's Organization of Afro-American Unity (OAAU) to being an eyewitness to his leader's assassination in Harlem's Audubon Ballroom in 1965. He also helped to organize the Republic of new Afrika and was a member of the Revolutionary Action Movement (RAM). As a member of RAM, Herman was arrested for conspiracy to assassinate Roy Wilkins of the NAACP and Whitney Young of the Urban League. Herman was sentenced to 3 and a half – 7 years, but he fled the country and surfaced in Guyana where he lived and worked for the next 19 years. In 1989 he returned to the United States where he was promptly arrested and imprisoned for seven years. Today he has been released and serves as the co-chair of the Jericho Movement, and as the chair of the Malcolm X Commemoration Committee.

For 100 years the staff of the Library's Congressional Research Service has served Congress with important research and information for its lawmaking work. Also, Roy Wilkins and the Civil Rights movement, a centennial of ASCAP and more.

Recorded 09/01/11. Happy B-day Michelle! We talk Frightened Rabbit & Death Cab at Roy Wilkins and Peter Wolf Crier & Twilight Hours at the Minnesota State Fair. We chat with power-pop king Tommy Keene! Previews of the week ahead and our concert wishlists.

Soon, every TV station and network, and many of the nation's radio stations, will air stock film footage (or tape) of Martin Luther King, Jr., his handsome dark face shining in a sea of dark faces, captured in his moment of triumph: the "I Have a Dream" speech in Washington. They will gladly air this 'safe' Rev. Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr., who spoke loftily and eloquently of dreams. Few will dare air his remarks made at Riverside Church in New York City, where an older, wiser Martin spoke, not of dreams but of realities -- of social, and especially economic injustice -- of rampant American militarism, and yes -- the nightmare of white racism. One of those with him, who, too, would become a Rev. Dr., was Vincent Harding, a man who loved Martin, and who knew him as a brother, rather than an icon. Rev. Dr. Harding, a leading theologian and historian, wanted others to know the Martin he'd known; so he wrote a book: Martin Luther King: The Inconvenient Hero (Maryknoll, N.Y.: Orbis, 1996 [8th printing]). As Harding teaches us, King fell into the pit of betrayal, when he took on the war in Vietnam: ".... King was bitterly rebuked for taking on the issue of the war. Some called it a diversion from the issue of black rights. Others feared the terrible rage of [President] Lyndon Johnson who brooked no opposition (certainly not from black Martin Luther King!) to his destructive policies. "Some members of King's own Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC) board of directors opposed his role in the antiwar movement, partly because they had seen the way in which the liberal white allies of the movement had withdrawn financial support from the radicalized young people of SNCC (Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee), who dared stand in solidarity with the Vietnamese opponents of America's intervention ... "In the face of all this, partly because of all this, King persisted, and the Riverside speech - delivered exactly one year before his assassination, was the most notable result of his decision. Immediately the drumbeat of harsh criticism was heightened. It came from many ... including such black stalwarts as Jackie Robinson, Roy Wilkins, Whitney Young, and Carl Rowan." [pp. 70-71] Rev. Dr. Harding also recounts how the allegedly 'liberal' Washington Post assailed Rev. Dr. King for daring to oppose the war. The newspaper editorial called his words "Bitter and damaging allegations and inferences that he did not and could not document." In the view of the Post's editors, "many who have listened to him with respect will never again accord him the same confidence. He has diminished his usefulness to his cause, to his country, and to his people." [Harding, p. 71] To his credit, Harding explains, King did not heed such criticisms, for he knew that they were on the side of war and death. Harding writes that King became increasingly radicalized, and emboldened to speak out against injustice; Riverside was a turning point: "(Who knew that night, April 4, that he had precisely one more year to live, that the bullet was closing in?) For King saw the larger context. He had already declared in other places that his "beloved country" was "engaged in a war that seeks to turn the clock of history back and perpetuate white colonialism." Underlying this backwardness, he said, was America's refusal to recognize that "the evils of capitalism are as real as the evils of militarism and evils of racism." [p. 101] This ain't the Martin Luther King we see on commercials, nor the ones we see in newspaper ads around the days of his birth or death. That Martin Luther King, anti-war critic, economic justice activist, advocate for the poor, fellow sufferer of the bombed and oppressed in Vietnam, a budding socialist (or at least anti-capitalist), had become, in Harding's words, 'the inconvenient hero.' May we remember who he really was. That King has almost vanished from our popular media, white-washed culture and history. Were it not for folks like Vincent Harding, he might have. Copyright 2007 Mumia Abu-Jamal