Podcasts about reassessment

Get ready to question everything you thought you knew about Thanksgiving and U.S. history in this explosive episode of The Revolutionary Hour!Segment 1: Thanksgiving Truth BombsWe take aim at the sanitized version of Thanksgiving taught in schools and dive into the darker truths of Indigenous exploitation. Why does the consumerist chaos of Black Friday overshadow Indigenous perspectives? Should cultural reassessment take priority over environmental and stress-related grievances about the holiday? With searing humor and biting commentary, we tackle stats, polls, and modern cultural hypocrisies surrounding Thanksgiving.Segment 2: The Native Taxation DebateThink paying taxes is bad? Imagine being forced to pay income tax to the government that colonized your people, broke treaties, and then called it "sovereignty." This scathing follow-up dives into the absurdities of Native American taxation. If you haven't heard the full breakdown yet, prepare to have your perspective flipped.Tune in as we expose hypocrisy, challenge the status quo, and deliver fiery humor with The Revolutionary Hour. Don't just listen—get involved. Like, share, and subscribe!Follow us on social media:Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/BOSSPODCASTInstagram: https://www.instagram.com/_bossradio/TikTok: www.tiktok.com/@BossRadioWebsite: www.sbcmovement.comBecome a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/revolutionary-hour--1654333/support.

In this episode,Dr. Seipp discusses the importance of considering learning as a journey with the seventh grade math team, Ms. Gallo, Mrs. Jameson, and Ms. Richardson, as well as two students. In this conversation, we talk about the importance of equity and confidence building within the assessment structure.

Regarding the Lackawanna County tax reassessment, a local certified residential appraiser gives us insights and tips on what we can expect and how we can prepare for what's coming on this episode of the Real Estate Roundtable with Century 21 Jack Ruddy Real Estate. This is a must listen to show!

Cook County assessor Fritz Kaegi reassesses the Loop, completing the city assessment cycle. Danny Ecker discusses with host Amy Guth.Plus: A majority of City Council wants to vote down $300 million property tax hike, the Fed cuts interest rates for 2nd-straight meeting to support economy, LaSalle Street redevelopment set for $98 million TIF subsidy and Lincoln Square residents vote to end century-old booze ban.

Lisa Carlin, Darian Jenkins, and Sandra Herrera kick off the show by breaking down all the NWSL 2024 Playoff matches starting with Orlando Pride vs Chicago Red Stars. Then, they discuss KC Current vs NC Courage, Washington Spirit vs Bay FC, and finally, Gotham FC vs Portland Thorns. Next, the A3 crew reassess the Final NWSL Draft Class, which is loaded with talent that showed out all season long both on the domestic and international levels. And finally, a chat about those NWSL teams that just "missed the cut" this year. Why didn't they make the playoffs? And what do they need to change going forward. Watch USWNT, NWSL and WSL games on P+" with a link to https://www.paramountplus.com/home/ Attacking Third is available for free on the Audacy app as well as Apple Podcasts, Spotify, Google Podcasts, Stitcher and wherever else you listen to podcasts.  Follow the Attacking Third team on Twitter: @AttackingThird, @LisaCarlin32, @SandHerrera_, @Darian_Jenks, and @CCupo. Visit the Attacking Third YouTube channel: https://www.youtube.com/attackingthird You can listen to Attacking Third on your smart speakers! Simply say "Alexa, play the latest episode of the Attacking Third podcast" or "Hey Google, play the latest episode of the Attacking Third podcast." To learn more about listener data and our privacy practices visit: https://www.audacyinc.com/privacy-policy Learn more about your ad choices. Visit https://podcastchoices.com/adchoices

September 4, 2024 Tackling the Chicago Reassessment – Cook County Assessor Fritz Kaegi and Northern Trust Executive Vice President and CFO Jason Tyler City Club event description: In 2024, the Cook County Assessor’s Office is conducting its triennial reassessment of property values in the City of Chicago. These valuations determine how the tax burden gets […]

This one is an art episode, but also a murder episode and also a madness episode. Artist Richard Dadd's life story is quite sad, but his art remained consistently good, even at the lowest points in his life. Research: Boyce, Niall. “Ehibition: Richard Dadd—Painting From His Mind's Eye.” The Lacet. January 22, 2011. https://www.thelancet.com/action/showPdf?pii=S0140-6736%2811%2960065-2 “The Cobham Park Murder.” The Examiner. Sept 9, 1843. https://www.newspapers.com/image/388277729/?match=1&terms=richard%20dadd Dadd, Richard. “Halt in the Desert.” British Museum. https://www.britishmuseum.org/collection/object/P_1987-0411-9#object-detail-data Dadd, Richard. “The Fairy Feller's Master Stroke.” Tate Museum. https://www.tate.org.uk/art/artworks/dadd-the-fairy-fellers-master-stroke-t00598 Hall, Samuel Carter. “The Book of British Ballads.” J. How. 1842. Accessed online: https://books.google.com/books?id=Tm8sFMykgdgC&source=gbs_navlinks_s Hare, Edward. “Creativity And Mental Illness.” British Medical Journal (Clinical Research Edition), vol. 295, no. 6613, 1987, pp. 1587–89. JSTOR, http://www.jstor.org/stable/29529224 Huddleston, S., & Russell, G. A. (2015). Richard Dadd: The Patient, the Artist, and the “Face of Madness.” Journal of the History of the Neurosciences, 24(3), 213–228. https://doi.org/10.1080/0964704X.2013.849077 Kerley, P “Richard Dadd: The art of a 'criminal lunatic' murderer.” BBC News Magazine. Nov. 13, 2015. https://www.bbc.com/news/magazine-34722937 Lippincott, Louise. “Murder and the Fine Arts; Or, a Reassessment of Richard Dadd.” The J. Paul Getty Museum Journal, vol. 16, 1988, pp. 75–94. JSTOR, http://www.jstor.org/stable/4166579 Munn, Geoffrey. “New Light on Dadd: George Bailey (1821–1898)by Richard Dadd (1817–86).” The British Art Journal, vol. 24, no. 2, 2023, pp. 75–76. JSTOR, https://www.jstor.org/stable/48760525 “The Murder of Mr. Dadd – Apprehension of Richard Dadd.” Chester Chronicle, and Chester and North Wales General Advertiser. Sept. 15, 1843. https://www.newspapers.com/image/793241104/?match=1&terms=richard%20dadd “The Parricide at Cobham Park.” Essex, Herts and Kent Mercury. Sept 19, 1843. https://www.newspapers.com/image/933363283/?match=1&terms=richard%20dadd “Richard Dadd.” Getty Museum. https://www.getty.edu/art/collection/person/103JS7 “Richard Dadd painting to return to Bethlem Hospital after 170 years.” BBC. January 6, 2023. https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-england-london-64155941 “The ‘Satanic' in Newspaper Literature.” Leicester Chronicle. Sept. 16, 1843. https://www.newspapers.com/image/816920892/?match=1&terms=richard%20dadd Seifert, Ruth, et al. “Mad, Bad or Sad? Prison and Psychiatric Illness.” RSA Journal, vol. 147, no. 5490, 1999, pp. 112–21. JSTOR, http://www.jstor.org/stable/41378810 "'Sketch of an Idea for Crazy Jane' by Richard Dadd.” Bethlem Museum of the Mind. https://museumofthemind.org.uk/blog/sketch-of-an-idea-for-crazy-jane-by-richard-dadd “Top 20 finds on the Antiques Roadshow.” BBC. Sept. 19, 2017. https://www.bbc.co.uk/mediacentre/mediapacks/antiques-roadshow-40/valuable Tromans, Nicholas. “Richard Dadd: the Artist and the Asylum,” D.A.P./Tate. 2011. See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Summary In this episode of the Vet Dental Show, Dr. Brett Beckman, Board Certified Veterinary Dentist, interviews Dr. Trudy Bowden, a long-time friend, colleague, and accomplished veterinary dental practitioner. Dr. Bowden shares her inspiring journey from rekindling her passion for dentistry to becoming a key player in her practice's dental services. They discuss overcoming challenges, the importance of continuous learning, and the rewarding nature of veterinary dentistry. Tune in for an insightful conversation filled with practical tips and motivational stories. Guest, Cast, and Crew Information Host: Dr. Brett Beckman, Board Certified Veterinary Dentist Guest: Dr. Trudy Bowden, Veterinary Dental Practitioner Sponsor: Veterinary Dental Practitioner Program Main Talking Points Introduction: Overview of the episode and sponsorship details. Guest Introduction: Dr. Trudy Bowden's background and journey in veterinary dentistry. Initial Challenges: Overcoming the initial lack of confidence and building skills. Impact of Dental Radiographs: The transformative effect of implementing dental x-rays in practice. Professional Growth: Continuous learning through courses and mentorship. Balancing Life and Career: Managing professional growth while raising a family. Health Scare and Reassessment: Reprioritising life and career goals after a health scare. Importance of Passion and Purpose: Finding and pursuing a passion for dentistry. Transition to a New Practice: Moving from a lead role in a small practice to a learner in a larger hospital. Teaching and Mentoring: The rewards of teaching and continued learning. Interesting Quotes "What would you do if you weren't afraid? I want to do dentistry full time." "We knew we were missing pathology, we just didn't know how much we were missing." "The return on investment professionally and personally is just without compare." Timestamps 00:00 - 00:30: Introduction 00:31 - 01:30: Guest Introduction - Dr. Trudy Bowden 01:31 - 03:00: Overcoming Initial Challenges 03:01 - 04:30: Implementing Dental Radiographs 04:31 - 06:00: Continuous Learning and Professional Growth 06:01 - 08:00: Balancing Life and Career 08:01 - 09:30: Health Scare and Reassessment 09:31 - 11:00: Importance of Passion and Purpose 11:01 - 12:30: Transition to a New Practice 12:31 - 13:00: Teaching and Mentoring   [Veterinary dentistry, dental radiographs, professional growth, veterinary dental practitioner, balancing life and career, passion in veterinary practice, continuous learning, teaching and mentoring, Dr. Brett Beckman, Dr. Trudy Bowden] Key Points Summary Introduction: Welcoming listeners and introducing the guest, Dr. Trudy Bowden. Guest Background: Dr. Bowden's educational background and journey in veterinary dentistry. Initial Challenges: Building confidence and skills through courses and mentorship. Dental Radiographs: The significant impact of introducing dental x-rays in her practice. Professional Growth: Continuous learning through seminars and mentorship programs. Balancing Life: Managing a professional career while raising a family. Health Reassessment: Reprioritising goals after a health scare. Passion and Purpose: The importance of finding and pursuing a passion for dentistry. Transition: Moving to a larger hospital and continuing to learn and teach. Teaching: The rewards and challenges of teaching and mentoring others. Affiliate & Sponsor Links IVDI.org/INV - Submit your request for an invitation to the Veterinary Dental Practitioner Program  

Joe Selvaggi talks with Marty Walz, the interim president of the Boston Municipal Research Bureau, about more viable, long-term alternatives to Mayor Wu's property tax classification proposal.

Joe Selvaggi talks with Marty Walz, the interim president of the Boston Municipal Research Bureau, about more viable, long-term alternatives to Mayor Wu's property tax classification proposal.

Special | A Communal Reassessment of our Relationship to America and Israel, by Rabbi Michael Rosensweig Rabbi Rosensweig, Har Etzion alumnus '73, is Rosh Yeshiva at the Rabbi Isaac Elchanan Theological Seminary of Yeshiva University and the Rosh Kollel of the Beren Kollel Elyon. 

Today, Calvin Smith from Answers in Genesis Canada gives us a "debunking" of ALL the best proof of evolution in just 12 minutes! Or so the title of the video would suggest. Which is weird, given that he doesn't even bring up anything more recent than the 1920s.Cards:This ONE TRICK will fool EVOLUTIONISTS!:https://youtu.be/p30Jzz1FiUIIs it human? Ape? Both? Neither?: https://youtu.be/G1KDnYlJrJ0Evidence for Evolution - Embryology:https://youtu.be/T8ccR9GhmA0Original Video: https://tinyurl.com/26ntv4cfSources:Genesis 2:17—“You Shall Surely Die” (Answers in Genesis): https://tinyurl.com/228y47v3Was Satan the Actual Serpent in the Garden? (Answers in Genesis): https://tinyurl.com/2by8qttgWhen did Neanderthals and modern humans diverge?: https://tinyurl.com/2y8h9d7yThe contribution of Neanderthal introgression to modern human traits: https://tinyurl.com/23vvgxjkFacial ontogeny in Neanderthals and modern humans: https://tinyurl.com/2arduypeThe reputed fossil man of the Neanderthal: https://tinyurl.com/2y7znbwsThe Neandertals and Modern Human Origins: https://tinyurl.com/27vpapj3Small pterosaurs and dinosaurs from the Uncompahgre fauna (Brushy Basin Member, Morrison Formation: ?Tithonian), Late Jurassic, western Colorado: https://tinyurl.com/2crgunkoLate Cretaceous neornithine from Europe illuminates the origins of crown birds: https://tinyurl.com/2akdslq2Developmental plasticity and the origin of tetrapods: https://tinyurl.com/2fngztgtPictures of evolution and charges of fraud: Ernst Haeckel's embryological illustrations: https://tinyurl.com/2cjxb6pfEvidence for a vestigial pinna-orienting system in humans: https://tinyurl.com/27d9jx62Persistent unilateral nictitating membrane in a 9-year-old girl: A rare case report: https://tinyurl.com/24a93nb6Pearly penile papules: 10.1136/sti.73.2.137https://tinyurl.com/2co5l6e6Sexual selection targets cetacean pelvic bones: https://tinyurl.com/28h5n47oNew genetic and morphological evidence suggests a single hoaxer created ‘Piltdown man': https://tinyurl.com/2cdaa5kzLucy's back: Reassessment of fossils associated with the A.L. 288-1 vertebral column: https://tinyurl.com/2xm9kapzA Righteous Lie? (Answers in Genesis): https://tinyurl.com/ktutcdaAll my various links can be found here:http://links.vicedrhino.comBecome a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/viced-rhino-the-podcast--4623273/support.

In this episode of History 102, WhatifAltHist creator Rudyard Lynch and Erik Torenberg talk about the brutal cost of communist ideology, from mass killings to cultural destruction, and the psychological motivations driving its appeal. From Marx to Mao, explore the rise, fall, and enduring legacy of communism, its impact on history, and its surprising influence today.

Recent events in economic security (or, geoeconomics) have been dizzying, but exciting for Darren given this is his primary academic field. In Australia, the new budget delivered by the government plans over $20b of industry policy funding for a “Future Made in Australia”. Meanwhile in the US, the Biden Administration has sharply increased tariffs on Chinese goods focused on green energy. The US wants to cultivate domestic manufacturing, in part because it sees PRC dominance of green technology as a national security risk. This means there is a lot to discuss! In this episode Darren talks with Hayley Channer. who is the Director of the Economic Security Program with the United States Studies Centre at the University of Sydney. Hayley has a diverse background having worked as an Australian Government official, Ministerial adviser, think tank analyst, and represented global non-profit organisations. Prior to her current role, Hayley was a Senior Policy Fellow with the Perth USAsia Centre and, amongst other accolades, was awarded a Fulbright Scholarship in 2022. This lengthy discussion covers the goals of economic security policy and the inherent trade-offs in this domain, particularly in the context of both Australia's and the US' emerging industrial policy efforts, as well as the problem of responding to economic coercion. Australia in the World is written, hosted, and produced by Darren Lim, with research and editing this episode by Walter Colnaghi and theme music composed by Rory Stenning. Relevant links Hayley Channer (bio): https://www.ussc.edu.au/hayley-channer Anthony Albanese, “A future made in Australia”, Speech, 11 April 2024: https://www.pm.gov.au/media/future-made-australia Jim Chalmers, “Economic security and the Australian opportunity in a world of churn and change”, Speech at Lowy Institute, 1 May 2024: https://ministers.treasury.gov.au/ministers/jim-chalmers-2022/speeches/address-lowy-institute-sydney Hayley Channer and Georgia Edmonstone, “What does ‘economic security' mean to Australia in 2024?”, US Studies Centre Brief, 30 January 2024: https://www.ussc.edu.au/what-does-economic-security-mean-to-australia-in-2024 Lim, D. (2019). Economic statecraft and the revenge of the state. East Asia Forum Quarterly, 11(4), 31–32: https://eastasiaforum.org/2019/12/04/economic-statecraft-and-the-revenge-of-the-state/ Ferguson, Victor A., Darren J. Lim, and Benjamin Herscovitch. “Between Market and State: The Evolution of Australia's Economic Statecraft.” The Pacific Review 36, no. 5 (September 3, 2023): 1148–80. https://doi.org/10.1080/09512748.2023.2200026 Victor A. Ferguson, Scott Waldron and Darren J. Lim (2022), “Market Adjustments to Import Sanctions: Lessons from Chinese Restrictions on Australian Trade, 2020-21”, Review of International Political Economy”, http://doi.org/10.1080/09692290.2022.2090019 Darren J. Lim, Benjamin Herscovitch, and Victor A. Ferguson, “Australia's Reassessment of Economic Interdependence with China”, in Strategic Asia (2023): https://www.nbr.org/publication/australias-reassessment-of-economic-interdependence-with-china/ Leading (podcast), “Speaking Truth to Trump | Former Head of Trump's Communications, Anthony Scaramucci”, 21 February 2024: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=juvfEZsZqUY&list=PL_6zDbB-zRef_M7eXuSLUlGnt7qk66hJq&index=9 Abhijit V. Banerjee, Esther Duflo, Good economics for hard times: Better answers to our biggest problems (2019): https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/51014619-good-economics-for-hard-times (Goodreads page) Dani Rodrik, “Don't Fret About Green Subsidies”, Project Syndicate, 10 May 2024: https://www.project-syndicate.org/commentary/green-subsidies-justified-on-economic-environmental-and-moral-grounds-by-dani-rodrik-2024-05

On this edition of Truth to Ponder, host, Bob Biermann gives a recap on some of what is going on in the background, rethinking what is important going forward, and what if any changes will be needed in these changing times. Now, do you believe in this ministry? If you do, you can keep us on the air as a radio program and as a podcast by visiting our website, https://truth2ponder.com/support. You can also mail a check payable to Ancient Word Radio, P.O. Box 510, Chilhowie, VA 24319. Thank you in advance for your faithfulness to this ministry. --- Send in a voice message: https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/truth-to-ponder/message Support this podcast: https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/truth-to-ponder/support

Read more here: https://news.thedumshow.com/democratic-party-reassessment/Uncover the troubling history and divisive modern policies of the Democratic Party in this detailed analysis. Learn why it might be time for a reassessment of political affiliations in America, from past allegiances to potential future paths.Please consider donating to the show: linktapgo.com/thedumshow Thank you!Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/the-don-t-unfriend-me-show--6012883/support.

Im 3. Jh. v. u. Z. entsteht in Alexandria ein Ort, wie ihn die Welt noch nicht gesehen hat und an dem alles bekannte Wissen gesammelt werden soll: die Große Bibliothek. Bald forschen, übersetzen, sammeln und kopieren hier die klügsten Köpfe ihrer Zeit. Die Bibliothek wird zur Legende und ihr Einfluss reicht weit über das ptolemäische Ägypten hinaus, auch dann noch, als es sie längst nicht mehr gibt. Denn ebenso spannend wie die Frage, wie die wohl berühmteste Bibliothek aussah und was sie beinhaltete, ist die Frage nach ihrem Untergang. Berichten zufolge ging sie in einem Flammenmeer unter, doch das ist nicht die ganze Wahrheit........Das Folgenbild zeigt eine Interpretation der Großen Bibliothek aus dem 19. Jahrhundert (O. von Corven)........QUIZHier gehts zum Quiz mit Gewinnspiel! Quiz2Go#9 - Geschichtsquiz zum Mitraten.......WERBUNGDu willst dir die Rabatte unserer Werbepartner sichern? Hier geht's zu den Angeboten!.......Jetzt His2Go unterstützen für tolle Vorteile, über Acast+ oder Steady.Werde His2Go Hero oder His2Go Legend: https://plus.acast.com/s/his2go-geschichte-podcast.Werde auch ohne Kreditkarte His2Go Hero oder His2Go Legend: steadyhq.com/his2go.........LITERATURBlumenthal, Elke; Schmmitz, Wolfgang: Bibliotheken im Altertum, Wiesbaden 2011.El-Abbadi, Mostafa & Fathallah, Omnia Mounir (Hrsg.): What happened to the Ancient Library of Alexandria?, Leiden/Boston 2008.König, Jason et. al.: Ancient Libraries: Cabridge 2013.Nesselrath, Heinz-Günther: Das Museion und die Große Bibliothek von Alexandria, in: Tobias Georges et. al. (Hrsg.): Alexandria, Tübingen 2013, S. 65-89.Rico, Christophe: The Destruction of the Library of Alexandria: a Reassessment, in: Christophe Rico & Anca Dan (Hrsg.): The Library of Alexandria: a cultural crossroads of the ancient world: proceedings of the second Polis Institute Interdisciplinary, S. 293-330..........UNTERSTÜTZUNGIhr könnt uns dabei unterstützen, weiterhin jeden 10., 20. und 30. des Monats eine Folge zu veröffentlichen!Folgt und bewertet uns bei Spotify, Google Podcasts, Apple Podcasts, Podimo, Instagram, Twitter oder über eure Lieblings-Podcastplattformen.Wir freuen uns über euer Feedback, Input und Vorschläge zum Podcast, die ihr uns über das Kontaktformular auf der Website, Instagram und unsere Feedback E-Mail: kontakt@his2go.de schicken könnt. An dieser Stelle nochmals vielen Dank an jede einzelne Rückmeldung, die uns bisher erreicht hat und uns sehr motiviert..........COPYRIGHTMusic from https://filmmusic.io: “Sneaky Snitch” by Kevin MacLeod and "Plain Loafer" by Kevin MacLeod (https://incompetech.com) License: CC BY !Neu! Jetzt hier His2Go unterstützen, Themen mitbestimmen und Quiz2Go mit Moderatorin Chiara erleben! https://plus.acast.com/s/his2go-geschichte-podcast. Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

David Clark discusses using alternative grading practices to foster student learning on episode 511 of the Teaching in Higher Ed podcast. Quotes from the episode Does this represent what I really care about? -David Clark Most of us are used to giving feedback in some way, but making it helpful is the tough part. -David Clark A reassessment always needs some reflective parts, some metacognition, because that's part of the feedback loop. -David Clark People aren't going to remember everything that they've learned in our classes for all time. -David Clark As soon as there's a grade assigned, students tend to lose the intrinsic motivation they might have to learn these things and focus entirely on that extrinsic grade aspect. -David Clark Resources Grading for Growth: A Guide to Alternative Grading Practices that Promote Authentic Learning and Student Engagement in Higher Education, by David Clark & Robert Talbert Episode 510: The Principles of Grading for Growth with Robert Talbert Four pillars described in Grading for Growth, by David Clark and Robert Talbert Clearly defined standards Helpful feedback Reassessment without penalty Marks indicate progress Test Yourself: Which Faces Were Made by AI Grading for Growth Blog

It bothers me more than it should that Stephen's last name ruins my alliteration. Off the Kirb Ministries or something.Cards:How Many Contradictions Can We Find?: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bROLT98ZcBYWhy Do Rivers Have Deltas?: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=A47ythEcz74Bottom Rung Apologist Misses the Point...HARD: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=D2v0D4ECDYMOriginal Video: https://tinyurl.com/yko72vlwSources:Geologic Formations: Arches National Park: https://tinyurl.com/25642gzlThe Sphinx: Dramatising Data … and Dating: https://tinyurl.com/26rerhdxOrigin and Evolution of the Great Lakes: https://tinyurl.com/25955zzcSpeciation is not evolution - Rapid speciation is part of the creation model: https://tinyurl.com/25fj3tbmSpeciation of Bears, Birds, and Bacteria is not Evolution: https://tinyurl.com/2bsctot3Speciation Is Not Evolution: https://tinyurl.com/244vlr6bVital statistics, absolute abundance and preservation rate of Tyrannosaurus rex: https://tinyurl.com/2978o5orHomo erectus, our ancient ancestor: https://tinyurl.com/syhsxsoIntroduction to Human Evolution: https://tinyurl.com/yyszzfn9Homo - Wikipedia: https://tinyurl.com/gqfpq6rThe panda's thumb : more reflections in natural history: https://tinyurl.com/26facgwdList of human evolution fossils: https://tinyurl.com/gpmwojpArchaic Homo sapiens are Middle Pleistocene hominins that morphologically and behaviorally fall somewhere in between H. erectus and modern H. sapiens: https://tinyurl.com/2am7u8bgBaboon bone found in famous Lucy skeleton: https://tinyurl.com/yaznxhj4Lucy's back: Reassessment of fossils associated with the A.L. 288-1 vertebral column: https://tinyurl.com/2xm9kapzKin of famous Lucy had feet like modern humans: https://tinyurl.com/2486t4qrLucy Walked Tall, a Foot Bone Suggests: https://tinyurl.com/265ezkubA 3.2-Million-Year-Old Mystery: Did Lucy Fall From a Tree?: https://tinyurl.com/23c3jpmkPerimortem fractures in Lucy suggest mortality from fall out of tall tree: https://tinyurl.com/28kervv5Limb Bone Structural Proportions and Locomotor Behavior in A.L. 288-1 ("Lucy"): https://tinyurl.com/2ccsq3j4Evidence that humans evolved from a knuckle-walking ancestor: https://tinyurl.com/2yak3lwhPiltdown Man (Wikipedia): https://tinyurl.com/hb67a8wNebraska Man (Wikipedia): https://tinyurl.com/23d8fxzfAll my various links can be found here:http://links.vicedrhino.comBecome a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/viced-rhino-the-podcast--4623273/support.

Much like any other industry (with the hopeful exception of airline pilots) there are great individuals and not so great ones. Physicians are no different and in today's episode, we're going to explore 5 red flags that signal it may be time to find another doctor. From not feeling seen and heard to being trigger happy with the prescription pad, these key points are important for your short and long term health. Topics include:   - 5 Signs You May Need to Change Physicians - The Reality of Doctors In Our Modern Insurance Ecosystem - How Functional Health Came to the Forefront - Chris Rock Quote on Pilots - Don't Feel Heard or Deny Your Self-Advocacy - A Lot Of Doctors Want Proactive Patients - The Good to Bad Spectrum - Trigger Finger With The Prescription Pad - Statin Drugs As An Example - Quoting Outdated Information - Not Open to New Evidence - Please Share, Rate, and Review ----------  Subscribe to My New Youtube Channel:  https://youtube.com/@sammillerscience?si=s1jcR6Im4GDHbw_1 ----------  My Live Program for Coaches: The Functional Nutrition and Metabolism Specialization  www.metabolismschool.com ----------     [Free] Metabolism School 101: The Video Series http://www.metabolismschool.com/metabolism-101     ----------     Grab a Copy of My New Book - Metabolism Made Simple     ----------   Stay Connected:     Instagram: @sammillerscience     Youtube: SamMillerScience     Facebook: The Nutrition Coaching Collaborative Community     TikTok: @sammillerscience       ---------- “This Podcast is for general informational purposes only and does not constitute the practice of medicine, nursing or other professional health care services, including the giving of medical advice, and no doctor/patient relationship is formed. The use of information on this podcast and the show notes or the reliance on the information provided is to be done at the user's own risk. The content of this podcast is not intended to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment and is for educational purposes only. Always consult your physician before beginning any exercise program and users should not disregard, or delay in obtaining, medical advice for any medical condition they may have and should seek the assistance of their health care professionals for any such conditions. By accessing this Podcast, the listener acknowledges that the entire contents and design of this Podcast, are the property of Oracle Athletic Science LLC, or used by Oracle Athletic Science LLC with permission, and are protected under U.S. and international copyright and trademark laws. Except as otherwise provided herein, users of this Podcast may save and use information contained in the Podcast only for personal or other non-commercial, educational purposes. No other use, including, without limitation, reproduction, retransmission or editing, of this Podcast may be made without the prior written permission of Oracle Athletic Science LLC, which may be requested by contacting the Oracle Athletic Science LLC by email at team@sammillerscience.com. By accessing this Podcast, the listener acknowledges that Oracle Athletic Science LLC makes no warranty, guarantee, or representation as to the accuracy or sufficiency of the information featured in this Podcast."

Watch and read this hereIn this episode you're going to find out what happens at the intersection where science meets the pavement – the quest for ultimate running performance. We'll dissect the importance of power and speed in your resistance/weight training. I'll answer the question for runners; where does power, speed, strength, muscle endurance, and hypertrophy fit in to an already crowded training plan? Especially for distance runners?! I'll even tell my own story of how I switched gears in my training and embraced the fusion of lifting with speed and power. It wasn't just a change in routine – it was a transformation in philosophy.This episode isn't just about challenging how your muscles move; it's about challenging your mindset.By the end of this, you'll not only rethink your 1% better training habits approach but you'll also… (yes get ready for the laundry list)Become more resilient so you have less niggling injuriesGenerally more bounceDevelop that extra gear in your runningBecome more efficient so your easy runs are close to the same speed as your more intense sessionsDevelop your secret weapon at the end of races — speed reserve (more on that later)And overall take your training to the next level.Yes, that's a big promise so let's see if I can deliver.Timestamps[00:01:15] - The Benefits of Resistance Training for Runners[00:03:13] - Speed Strength vs. Strength Speed Explained[00:04:16] - The Role of Power in Distance Running[00:04:47] - My Resistance Training Revelation[00:05:19] - Introducing the Experts at Axis Performance Labs[00:07:34] - What This Episode Is Not About[00:10:11] - Defining Power and Speed in Athletic Performance[00:11:03] - Why Speed Reserve is your secret weapon[00:11:36] - Differentiating Between Power, Speed, Strength, and Hypertrophy[00:12:29] - Why an Objective Sports Professional is Crucial[00:13:53] - My First Assessment and Baseline Testing[00:16:09] - The Training Plan in Action and Progression[00:17:01] - Reassessment and Results After 10 Weeks[00:18:31] - The Future of My Training and Its Impact on Running[00:22:49] - The 2 reasons why runners don't like to do resistance training[00:26:33] - Why Axis does the type of testing for power, force and strength[00:30:21] - Why Axis choose this specific training plan for meLinks & LearningsThe difference between speed strength and strength speedTesting tools: GymAware & Vald Performance ForceDecksHuberman Labs Guest Series with Dr. Andy GalpinNCBI Study on strength training and runningAxis Performance Labs in SydneyDLake on Instagram Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

Home reassessment plans have created confusion throughout Amherst. Former Assessor David Marrano dives in to what reassessment includes.

The Continental and French Armies lay siege to the British Army at Yorktown. Blog https://blog.AmRevPodcast.com includes a complete transcript, as well as pictures, and links related to this week's episode. Book Recommendation of the Week: The Battle of Yorktown, 1781: A Reassessment, by John D. Granger. Online Recommendation of the Week: March to Victory: Washington, Rochambeau and the Yorktown Campaign of 1781: https://history.army.mil/html/books/rochambeau/CMH_70-104-1.pdf Join American Revolution Podcast on Reddit: https://www.reddit.com/r/AmRevPodcast Ask your American Revolution Podcast questions on Quora: https://amrevpod.quora.com Join the Facebook group, American Revolution Podcast: https://www.facebook.com/groups/132651894048271 Follow the podcast on Twitter @AmRevPodcast Join the podcast mail list: https://mailchi.mp/d3445a9cd244/american-revolution-podcast-by-michael-troy  ARP T-shirts and other merch: http://tee.pub/lic/AmRevPodcast Support this podcast on Patreon https://www.patreon.com/AmRevPodcast or via PayPal http://paypal.me/AmRevPodcast Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Transportation, to Europe or to England's colonies, was the fate for thousands of Irish soldiers, clergy, and civilians. Join the Mailing List! Join the Patreon House of Lords for ad-free episodes! Sarah Barber, ‘Settlement, Transplantation and Expulsion: A Comparative Study of the Placement of Peoples', in British Interventions in Early Modern Ireland, ed. by Ciaran Brady and Jane Ohlmeyer (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2005). Heidi J. Coburn, 'Cromwellian Transplantations of the Irish to the Colonies', in Martyn Bennett, Raymond Gillespie, and Scott Spurlock (eds), Cromwell and Ireland: New Perspectives (Liverpool, 2020) John Cunningham, ‘Politics, 1641-1660', Cambridge History of Ireland Elaine Murphy, Micheál Ó Siochrú, Jason Peacey, John Morril, eds. The Letters, Writings, and Speeches of Oliver Crmwell: Volume II, 2022. David Edwards, ‘Political Change and Social Transformation, 1603-1641', Cambridge History of Ireland Micheál Ó Siochrú, (ed.) Kingdoms in Crisis: Ireland in the 1640s, 2000 Micheál Ó Siochrú, Confederate Ireland, 1642-1649, 1999 Micheál Ó Siochrú, God's Executioner: Oliver Cromwell and the Conquest of Ireland. Micheál Ó Siochrú, 'Atrocity, Codes of Conduct and the Irish in the British Civil Wars 1641-1653', Past & Present , 195 (May, 2007), pp. 55-86 Micheál Ó Siochrú and David Brown, 'The Down Survey and the Cromwellian Land Settlement', in Jane Ohlmeyer (ed), The Cambridge History of Ireland: Volume II. Pádraig Lenihan, Consolidating Conquest: Ireland 1603-1727 (England: Pearson, 2008). Pádraig Lenihan, Confederate Catholics at War, 1641-49, 2001 Pádraig Lenihan, 'Siege Massacres in Ireland: Drogheda in Context', in Martyn Bennett, Raymond Gillespie, and Scott Spurlock (eds), Cromwell and Ireland: New Perspectives Patrick J. Corish, ‘The Cromwellian Regime, 1650–60', in A New History of Ireland: Early Modern Ireland 1534-1691, ed. by T. W. Moody, F. X. Martin, and F. J. Byrne (Oxford University Press, 2009) Carla Gardina Pestana, 'Atlantic Mobilities and the Defiance of the Early Quakers', Journal of Early Modern History, 2023. James Scott Wheeler, 'Ormond and Cromwell: The Struggle for Ireland', in Martyn Bennett, Raymond Gillespie, and Scott Spurlock (eds), Cromwell and Ireland: New Perspectives Martyn Bennett, ‘God's Wall of Brass: Cromwell's Generals in Ireland, 1649-1650' in Martyn Bennett, Raymond Gillespie, and Scott Spurlock (eds), Cromwell and Ireland: New Perspectives Derek Hirst, ‘Security and Reform in England's Other Nations, 1649-1658', in Michael J. Braddick. The Oxford Handbook of the English Revolution. Jenny Shaw, Everyday Life in the Early English Caribbean: Irish, Africans, and the Construction of Difference (Athens, United States: University of Georgia Press, 2013) R. Scott Spurlock, ‘Cromwell and Catholics: Towards a Reassessment of Lay Catholic Experience in Interregnum Ireland', in Constructing the Past: Writing Irish History, 1600-1800, ed. by Mark Williams and Stephen Paul Forrest, Irish Historical Monographs (Woodbridge: The Boydell Press, 2010). Jennifer Wells, ‘Proceedings at the High Court of Justice at Dublin and Cork 1652-1654, part 2', Archivium Hibernicum, 67, 76-274. Go to AirwaveMedia.com to find other great history shows. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Dr. Dobson personalizes yesterday's discussion by explaining his experience during his late forties. To support this ministry financially, visit: https://www.oneplace.com/donate/779/29

Attorney Bob Peirce joins Larry and Marty to discuss tax assessments and appeals. He talks about what to do as consumers. Also, what Sara Innamorato said about a county reassessment.  

Every home in Rochester NY got reassessed in 2024. Jason Mancuso and Shane Allen of The Anthony Butera Team discuss what this new valuation means for resident's taxes, resale value, and what they should do to fight it if they believe the estimate is wrong

Snow on the mountains. Starting to teach Jurassic Park. The tallest novelist of all time. Crichton's most controversial novel. Was Crichton a good novelist? Trapped in the bathroom. Is the science ever settled? Harmful Content. Militant non-musicians. Compliance. Kris vs. The Looping World. Lost malls. Hunting for bookstores in a small town. The worst bookstore in the history of America. Return policies on dirty magazines. Osmos with the cosmos, or you will be socializing with a bureaucracy of ghosts. Sex positive interrogative counter-scientism societal utopianism. Indistinguishable news organizations. Garmonbozia pablum. Does Liberal and Conservative mean anything? Should we have a Women Party and a Men Party? People can't see anything from another point of view, but more importantly, they can't see their own point of view. Kindness as a placating sinister force. People get more feral the more “nice” the conversation gets. Giving people responsibilities. The Gold Bar Test. Cults are about structure. Preview of 2024. JDO's imaginative challenge brings him to Swift Current, where a man wheels a cross through town and a Chinese restauranteur has problems with his fake hand. The Harari Main Market. The chaos of markets, the harmony of trading. Looking closely at Mayan and Aztec societies. Hardy Boys cover designs. Reassessment of danger from the fear of serfs to a kind of danger you'd want to be a part of.

Irish land is awarded to English Adventurers and Cromwellian soldiers, and Protestant dominance is secured. Join the Mailing List! Join the Patreon House of Lords for ad-free episodes! Sarah Barber, ‘Settlement, Transplantation and Expulsion: A Comparative Study of the Placement of Peoples', in British Interventions in Early Modern Ireland, ed. by Ciaran Brady and Jane Ohlmeyer (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2005). Heidi J. Coburn, 'Cromwellian Transplantations of the Irish to the Colonies', in Martyn Bennett, Raymond Gillespie, and Scott Spurlock (eds), Cromwell and Ireland: New Perspectives (Liverpool, 2020) John Cunningham, ‘Politics, 1641-1660', Cambridge History of Ireland Elaine Murphy, Micheál Ó Siochrú, Jason Peacey, John Morril, eds. The Letters, Writings, and Speeches of Oliver Crmwell: Volume II, 2022. David Edwards, ‘Political Change and Social Transformation, 1603-1641', Cambridge History of Ireland Micheál Ó Siochrú, (ed.) Kingdoms in Crisis: Ireland in the 1640s, 2000 Micheál Ó Siochrú, Confederate Ireland, 1642-1649, 1999 Micheál Ó Siochrú, God's Executioner: Oliver Cromwell and the Conquest of Ireland. Micheál Ó Siochrú, 'Atrocity, Codes of Conduct and the Irish in the British Civil Wars 1641-1653', Past & Present , 195 (May, 2007), pp. 55-86 Micheál Ó Siochrú and David Brown, 'The Down Survey and the Cromwellian Land Settlement', in Jane Ohlmeyer (ed), The Cambridge History of Ireland: Volume II. Pádraig Lenihan, Consolidating Conquest: Ireland 1603-1727 (England: Pearson, 2008). Pádraig Lenihan, Confederate Catholics at War, 1641-49, 2001 Pádraig Lenihan, 'Siege Massacres in Ireland: Drogheda in Context', in Martyn Bennett, Raymond Gillespie, and Scott Spurlock (eds), Cromwell and Ireland: New Perspectives Patrick J. Corish, ‘The Cromwellian Regime, 1650–60', in A New History of Ireland: Early Modern Ireland 1534-1691, ed. by T. W. Moody, F. X. Martin, and F. J. Byrne (Oxford University Press, 2009) James Scott Wheeler, 'Ormond and Cromwell: The Struggle for Ireland', in Martyn Bennett, Raymond Gillespie, and Scott Spurlock (eds), Cromwell and Ireland: New Perspectives Martyn Bennett, ‘God's Wall of Brass: Cromwell's Generals in Ireland, 1649-1650' in Martyn Bennett, Raymond Gillespie, and Scott Spurlock (eds), Cromwell and Ireland: New Perspectives Derek Hirst, ‘Security and Reform in England's Other Nations, 1649-1658', in Michael J. Braddick. The Oxford Handbook of the English Revolution. Jenny Shaw, Everyday Life in the Early English Caribbean: Irish, Africans, and the Construction of Difference (Athens, United States: University of Georgia Press, 2013) R. Scott Spurlock, ‘Cromwell and Catholics: Towards a Reassessment of Lay Catholic Experience in Interregnum Ireland', in Constructing the Past: Writing Irish History, 1600-1800, ed. by Mark Williams and Stephen Paul Forrest, Irish Historical Monographs (Woodbridge: The Boydell Press, 2010). Jennifer Wells, ‘Proceedings at the High Court of Justice at Dublin and Cork 1652-1654, part 2', Archivium Hibernicum, 67, 76-274. Go to AirwaveMedia.com to find other great history shows. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

The Commonwealth, hungry for land, confiscates massive amounts of property from Irish Catholics. Most are ordered to move elsewhere in Ireland, to the Province of Connacht or County Clare. To refuse risked death. Join the Mailing List! Join the Patreon House of Lords for ad-free episodes! Sarah Barber, ‘Settlement, Transplantation and Expulsion: A Comparative Study of the Placement of Peoples', in British Interventions in Early Modern Ireland, ed. by Ciaran Brady and Jane Ohlmeyer (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2005). Heidi J. Coburn, 'Cromwellian Transplantations of the Irish to the Colonies', in Martyn Bennett, Raymond Gillespie, and Scott Spurlock (eds), Cromwell and Ireland: New Perspectives (Liverpool, 2020) John Cunningham, ‘Politics, 1641-1660', Cambridge History of Ireland Elaine Murphy, Micheál Ó Siochrú, Jason Peacey, John Morril, eds. The Letters, Writings, and Speeches of Oliver Crmwell: Volume II, 2022. David Edwards, ‘Political Change and Social Transformation, 1603-1641', Cambridge History of Ireland Micheál Ó Siochrú, (ed.) Kingdoms in Crisis: Ireland in the 1640s, 2000 Micheál Ó Siochrú, Confederate Ireland, 1642-1649, 1999 Micheál Ó Siochrú, God's Executioner: Oliver Cromwell and the Conquest of Ireland. Micheál Ó Siochrú, 'Atrocity, Codes of Conduct and the Irish in the British Civil Wars 1641-1653', Past & Present , 195 (May, 2007), pp. 55-86 Pádraig Lenihan, Consolidating Conquest: Ireland 1603-1727 (England: Pearson, 2008). Pádraig Lenihan, Confederate Catholics at War, 1641-49, 2001 Pádraig Lenihan, 'Siege Massacres in Ireland: Drogheda in Context', in Martyn Bennett, Raymond Gillespie, and Scott Spurlock (eds), Cromwell and Ireland: New Perspectives James Scott Wheeler, 'Ormond and Cromwell: The Struggle for Ireland', in Martyn Bennett, Raymond Gillespie, and Scott Spurlock (eds), Cromwell and Ireland: New Perspectives Martyn Bennett, ‘God's Wall of Brass: Cromwell's Generals in Ireland, 1649-1650' in Martyn Bennett, Raymond Gillespie, and Scott Spurlock (eds), Cromwell and Ireland: New Perspectives Derek Hirst, ‘Security and Reform in England's Other Nations, 1649-1658', in Michael J. Braddick. The Oxford Handbook of the English Revolution. Jenny Shaw, Everyday Life in the Early English Caribbean: Irish, Africans, and the Construction of Difference (Athens, United States: University of Georgia Press, 2013) R. Scott Spurlock, ‘Cromwell and Catholics: Towards a Reassessment of Lay Catholic Experience in Interregnum Ireland', in Constructing the Past: Writing Irish History, 1600-1800, ed. by Mark Williams and Stephen Paul Forrest, Irish Historical Monographs (Woodbridge: The Boydell Press, 2010). Jennifer Wells, ‘Proceedings at the High Court of Justice at Dublin and Cork 1652-1654, part 2', Archivium Hibernicum, 67, 76-274. Go to AirwaveMedia.com to find other great history shows. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Conversation Summary: Teen Social Media Usage: Pew Research Center study highlights that nearly half of US teens are online almost constantly, a steep rise from 24% in 2014-2015. Smartphone Access: 95% of teens have or can access a smartphone. TikTok Usage: 58% of teens use TikTok daily; 17% nearly constantly. Role of Nonprofits: Organizations like The JET Foundation address the risks and benefits of social media use among teens. Nonprofit Digital Strategy Insights: Social Media in Teens' Lives: Essential for youth engagement, education, and sports. YouTube's Dominance: Used by 93% of teens, making it a critical platform for nonprofits. Content Strategy: Emphasis on short-form videos and visual content across major platforms. Role of AI in Content Creation: Importance of human elements in digital communication. Crypto Donations: The Giving Block Report: Notable growth in crypto donations. Crypto Market Trends: Predicted increase in donations aligned with market trends. Advice for Nonprofits: Prepare for potential crypto donation surges. Reassessment of Tree Planting Initiatives: Thomas Crowther's Shift: From advocating massive tree planting to halting it. Concerns: Biodiversity, misuse by businesses to offset emissions. Nonprofit Response: Need to explore diverse, effective climate solutions. CO2 Emissions Data Visualization: Our World in Data: Shows per capita CO2 emissions trends. US Emissions: Decrease in per capita emissions since the 1960s. Hopeful Outlook: Progress in emissions reduction indicates potential for further improvement. Social Enterprise Spotlight: Greensland Bakery: Founded by Carolyn Johnson to help women recover from trauma. Earned Revenue Model: Combines business operations with social change. Key Takeaways: Digital Engagement: Nonprofits must adapt to the digital habits of younger generations. Video Content Priority: Shift towards video content, especially on platforms like YouTube and TikTok. Crypto Philanthropy: Potential for growth in crypto donations requires preparedness by nonprofits. Complexity in Climate Solutions: Reevaluation of strategies like tree planting, exploring diverse approaches. Data-Driven Decisions: Using data visualizations for informed strategies. Social Enterprises: Combining business models with social impact. Resources Mentioned: Pew Research Center (Teen Social Media Usage Study) The JET Foundation (Mental Health) The Giving Block (Crypto Donations Report) Our World in Data (CO2 Emissions Visualization) Nonprofit Quarterly (Greensland Bakery Story)

Conversation Summary: Teen Social Media Usage: Pew Research Center study highlights that nearly half of US teens are online almost constantly, a steep rise from 24% in 2014-2015. Smartphone Access: 95% of teens have or can access a smartphone. TikTok Usage: 58% of teens use TikTok daily; 17% nearly constantly. Role of Nonprofits: Organizations like The JET Foundation address the risks and benefits of social media use among teens. Nonprofit Digital Strategy Insights: Social Media in Teens' Lives: Essential for youth engagement, education, and sports. YouTube's Dominance: Used by 93% of teens, making it a critical platform for nonprofits. Content Strategy: Emphasis on short-form videos and visual content across major platforms. Role of AI in Content Creation: Importance of human elements in digital communication. Crypto Donations: The Giving Block Report: Notable growth in crypto donations. Crypto Market Trends: Predicted increase in donations aligned with market trends. Advice for Nonprofits: Prepare for potential crypto donation surges. Reassessment of Tree Planting Initiatives: Thomas Crowther's Shift: From advocating massive tree planting to halting it. Concerns: Biodiversity, misuse by businesses to offset emissions. Nonprofit Response: Need to explore diverse, effective climate solutions. CO2 Emissions Data Visualization: Our World in Data: Shows per capita CO2 emissions trends. US Emissions: Decrease in per capita emissions since the 1960s. Hopeful Outlook: Progress in emissions reduction indicates potential for further improvement. Social Enterprise Spotlight: Greensland Bakery: Founded by Carolyn Johnson to help women recover from trauma. Earned Revenue Model: Combines business operations with social change. Key Takeaways: Digital Engagement: Nonprofits must adapt to the digital habits of younger generations. Video Content Priority: Shift towards video content, especially on platforms like YouTube and TikTok. Crypto Philanthropy: Potential for growth in crypto donations requires preparedness by nonprofits. Complexity in Climate Solutions: Reevaluation of strategies like tree planting, exploring diverse approaches. Data-Driven Decisions: Using data visualizations for informed strategies. Social Enterprises: Combining business models with social impact. Resources Mentioned: Pew Research Center (Teen Social Media Usage Study) The JET Foundation (Mental Health) The Giving Block (Crypto Donations Report) Our World in Data (CO2 Emissions Visualization) Nonprofit Quarterly (Greensland Bakery Story)

After the defeat of the Royalist coalition, the last military resistance to the Commonwealth in Ireland are irregular Tories - isolated, cut off from the chain of command, thousands of veteran Irish fights live off the land, establish bases in bogs and hills, and hit the English occupation forces wherever they can. The Commonwealth goes to extreme lengths to crush them. Join the Mailing List! Join the Patreon House of Lords for ad-free episodes! Sarah Barber, ‘Settlement, Transplantation and Expulsion: A Comparative Study of the Placement of Peoples', in British Interventions in Early Modern Ireland, ed. by Ciaran Brady and Jane Ohlmeyer (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2005). John Cunningham, ‘Politics, 1641-1660', Cambridge History of Ireland Elaine Murphy, Micheál Ó Siochrú, Jason Peacey, John Morril, eds. The Letters, Writings, and Speeches of Oliver Crmwell: Volume II, 2022. David Edwards, ‘Political Change and Social Transformation, 1603-1641', Cambridge History of Ireland Micheál Ó Siochrú, (ed.) Kingdoms in Crisis: Ireland in the 1640s, 2000 Micheál Ó Siochrú, Confederate Ireland, 1642-1649, 1999 Micheál Ó Siochrú, God's Executioner: Oliver Cromwell and the Conquest of Ireland. Micheál Ó Siochrú, 'Atrocity, Codes of Conduct and the Irish in the British Civil Wars 1641-1653', Past & Present , 195 (May, 2007), pp. 55-86 Pádraig Lenihan, Consolidating Conquest: Ireland 1603-1727 (England: Pearson, 2008). Pádraig Lenihan, Confederate Catholics at War, 1641-49, 2001 Pádraig Lenihan, 'Siege Massacres in Ireland: Drogheda in Context', in Martyn Bennett, Raymond Gillespie, and Scott Spurlock (eds), Cromwell and Ireland: New Perspectives Wheeler, James Scott, 'Ormond and Cromwell: The Struggle for Ireland', in Martyn Bennett, Raymond Gillespie, and Scott Spurlock (eds), Cromwell and Ireland: New Perspectives Martyn Bennett, ‘God's Wall of Brass: Cromwell's Generals in Ireland, 1649-1650' in Martyn Bennett, Raymond Gillespie, and Scott Spurlock (eds), Cromwell and Ireland: New Perspectives Derek Hirst, ‘Security and Reform in England's Other Nations, 1649-1658', in Michael J. Braddick. The Oxford Handbook of the English Revolution. R. Scott Spurlock, ‘Cromwell and Catholics: Towards a Reassessment of Lay Catholic Experience in Interregnum Ireland', in Constructing the Past: Writing Irish History, 1600-1800, ed. by Mark Williams and Stephen Paul Forrest, Irish Historical Monographs (Woodbridge: The Boydell Press, 2010). Wells, Jennifer, ‘Proceedings at the High Court of Justice at Dublin and Cork 1652-1654, part 2', Archivium Hibernicum, 67, 76-274. Go to AirwaveMedia.com to find other great history shows. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

This is the first of a two-part series on the most famous monster story in pre-modern literature, the Anglo-Saxon epic poem Beowulf. My co-host for both is Dr. Christine Senecal of Shippensburg University. In this episode Chrissy and I talk about the poem itself. We begin with the story of the hero Beowulf and how as a youth he kills two monsters ravaging the mead-hall of King Hrothgar, the fearsome Grendel and his even more fierce mother, and how as an aged king he fights and kills a fire-breathing dragon, saving his kingdom and winning the dragon's treasure, but at the cost of his life.  We then discuss when the poem was written and what we can learn from it about the warrior aristocratic culture of early Anglo-Saxon England.  In the follow-on episode, Chrissy and I talk about modern literary and cinematic adaptations of the Beowulf  story. I hope you can join us. Passages are quoted fromBeowulf, A Dual-Language Edition, trans. Howell D. Chickering, Jr. (New York: Anchor Books, 1977).Beowulf: The Donaldson Translation Backgrounds and Sources Criticism, ed. Joseph Tuso (New York: W.W. Norton & Co., 1975).Beowulf, A New Translation, trans. Maria Dahvana Headley (New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2020).The Heliand: The Saxon Gospel, trans. G. Ronald Murphy (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1992).The Dating of Beowulf, A Reassessment, ed. Leonard Neidorf (Cambridge: D.S. Brewer, 2014).Music:"Wælheall," composed by Hrōðmund Wōdening (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VQfdqIyqJ4g)"Caedmon's Hymn" on a lyre, sung and played by Peter Pringle (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=A8WaPIu1tAc)If you are interested in the Middle Ages--and I assume you are if you listening to 'Tis But A Scratch--you might want to check out Dr. Christine Senecal's Instagram page (https://www.instagram.com/chrissysenecal/) and her webpage, "Weird History Stories" (https://chrissysenecal.com/). Both are well worth a visit.I would same about Medievalists.net,  a website dedicated to offering readers news, articles, videos and more about the medieval world and how that history is presented today (https://www.medievalists.net/)Finally, if you are enjoying 'Tis But A Scratch, please tell friends and family about it. Good ratings and good reviews help spread the word! Listen on Podurama https://podurama.com

Three parts lunatic, one part yahoo, and one part potentially human. Show notes Spotify Wrapped Greek Tragedy by The Wombats Australian Poetry Now edited by Thomas Shapcott St Helens Books Sun Books and their impressive catalogue Barjai looks pretty cool Poets from this anthology I've talked about/to/around: Chris Wallace-Crabbe, Max Harris, Les Murray, Vicki Viidikas, … Continue reading "Ep 246. Desperate reassessment"

Rupert Murdoch has announced he will stand down as head of News Corp and Fox, the media behemoth he created. While his son Lachlan will take over as chair of both companies, Rupert Murdoch will still have some involvement as he takes on the role of “emeritus chairman”.  In this episode of The Briefing, we talk to Professor Rodney Tiffen whose 2014 book “A Reassessment” explored Murdoch's empire and legacy. We analyse today's announcement to find out what it means for News Corp and the implications for media and news around the world.See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

In this episode, Sharona and Bosley talk with Dr. Kate Owens, a math professor at the College of Charleston, about her journey into Alternative Grading, how she handles assessments and reassessments in her classes, and what her top tips are for instructors considering switching to Alternative Grading. LinksA Beginner's Guide to Standards Based Grading by Kate OwensAn Interview with Kate Owens by Robert TalbertKate Owens, College of CharlestonHow We Moved A Conference Online by Kate Owens, Sharona Krinsky and David ClarkResourcesThe Grading Conference - an annual, online conference exploring Alternative Grading in Higher Education and K-12.Some great resources to educate yourself about Alternative Grading:The Grading for Growth BlogThe Grading ConferenceThe Intentional Academia BlogRecommended Books on Alternative Grading:Grading for Growth, by Robert Talbert and David ClarkSpecifications Grading, by Linda NilsenGrading for Equity, by Joe FeldmanThe Grading Podcast publishes every week on Tuesday at 4 AM Pacific time, so be sure to subscribe and get notified of each new episode. You can follow us on Twitter, Facebook and Instagram - @thegradingpod. To leave us a comment, please go to our website: www.thegradingpod.com and leave a comment on this episode's page.If you would like to be considered to be a guest on this show, please reach out using the Contact Us form on our website, www.thegradingpod.com.

If you tuned in last week for the interview we did with Disclosure Project lawyers Paige Fox & Derek Garcia, you heard them mention the Congress Hearing that was happening a few days after our interview.  Here's a bonus episode where Marena recaps what took place during the hearing. Resources:If you can help on the legal team, fill out this form:  https://forms.gle/GVj3fKEyMCxpLBPW9If you can help in any non-legal way, fill out this form:  https://forms.gle/iEXoV2sh2swYWgmdAVisit siriusdisclosure.com for news, evidence, and much more!WRITE YOUR REPRESENTATIVES, SENATORS & PRESDIENT:Here is a draft template you can use to write:Subject: Urgent Call for Full Disclosure on UAP Investigations & Reassessment of Military Industrial ComplexDear [Your Congressman's Name], [Your Second Congressman's Name], Senator [Your Senator's Name], Senator [Your Second Senator's Name], and President [President's Name],“I am reaching out to express my deep concern about the never ending issues our country (and the entire world) is facing, and to request that our state representatives begin demanding:1) full acknowledgement and transparency re UFOs, UAPs, UAUPs, ETVs, and all related advanced energy and propulsion technologies capable of solving the global climate crisis;2) access to the 5,000+ missing Tesla patents related to free energy and the implications of those patents on free energy, which is capable of solving world hunger; and3) an explanation for why trillions of taxpayer dollars have been poured into the military industrial complex for years, wasting it to advance technology for war rather than world peace”I urge you to watch the national press conference that took place on June 12, 2023: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zDY7t6HihCw&t=8394sThank you for your time and dedication to these critical matters.Sincerely,[Your Name][Your Address][City, State, Zip][Your Email][Your Phone Number]Don't forget to:Subscribe to our YouTube channel: www.youtube.com/channel/UCQscOZ01RWJROf5KrFgswjQFollow us on Instagram: @southernwokepodcastFollow our TikTok: @southern_wokeCheck out our website: www.southernwoke.com

A few weeks ago we put out an episode detailing the Disclosure Project Press Conference and all the whistleblower's stories. We also mentioned how there is a team of 90+ (200+ now) legal personnel that are ready to put a stop to the illegal secret government that have been operating without any boundaries for far too long.  Today we have an interview with Derek Garcia, who spoke at the press conference, and Paige Fox where we dive into what the RICO Act is and how they plan to use it in this situation, how the mainstream media doesn't cover these important topics, and the importance of getting free energy to the world. Derek said it best when he stated, "this isn't just about little green men, it isn't something to laugh at, this is about the future of our planet."Resources:If you can help on the legal team, fill out this form:  https://forms.gle/GVj3fKEyMCxpLBPW9If you can help in any non-legal way, fill out this form:  https://forms.gle/iEXoV2sh2swYWgmdAVisit siriusdisclosure.com for news, evidence, and much more!WRITE YOUR REPRESENTATIVES, SENATORS & PRESDIENT:Here is a draft template you can use to write:Subject: Urgent Call for Full Disclosure on UAP Investigations & Reassessment of Military Industrial ComplexDear [Your Congressman's Name], [Your Second Congressman's Name], Senator [Your Senator's Name], Senator [Your Second Senator's Name], and President [President's Name],“I am reaching out to express my deep concern about the never ending issues our country (and the entire world) is facing, and to request that our state representatives begin demanding: 1) full acknowledgement and transparency re UFOs, UAPs, UAUPs, ETVs, and all related advanced energy and propulsion technologies capable of solving the global climate crisis;2) access to the 5,000+ missing Tesla patents related to free energy and the implications of those patents on free energy, which is capable of solving world hunger; and 3) an explanation for why trillions of taxpayer dollars have been poured into the military industrial complex for years, wasting it to advance technology for war rather than world peace”I urge you to watch the national press conference that took place on June 12, 2023: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zDY7t6HihCw&t=8394sThank you for your time and dedication to these critical matters.Sincerely,[Your Name][Your Address][City, State, Zip][Your Email][Your Phone Number]Don't forget to:Subscribe to our YouTube channel: www.youtube.com/channel/UCQscOZ01RWJROf5KrFgswjQFollow us on Instagram: @southernwokepodcastFollow our TikTok: @southern_wokeCheck out our website: www.southernwoke.com

Welcome to The Times of Israel's Daily Briefing, your 15-minute audio update on what's happening in Israel, the Middle East and the Jewish world, from Sunday through Thursday. Senior analyst Haviv Rettig Gur and news editor Amy Spiro join host Jacob Magid for Thursday's podcast. Spiro discusses NYT columnist Thomas Friedman's latest op-ed in which he claimed that the Biden administration has begun reassessing its relationship with the Netanyahu government, given the latter's "extreme" nature. The column received a lot of attention in both Israel and the US with officials from both governments quick to downplay the notion that times are a-changin', and Spiro helps put it all into perspective. Rettig Gur gives a sneak peek into a piece he is working on about how Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu and opposition leaders Yair Lapid and Benny Gantz are struggling to gain support for their judicial overhaul stances beyond their respective bases. Rettig Gur lays out the dilemma: Neither side will succeed unless they cater to the roughly one-third of Israelis who prefer a more measured approach, but moving toward the political center would mean abandoning the more dominant ends of the political spectrum that are less interested in compromise. To close, Spiro discusses Hollywood superstar Helen Mirren's appearance Thursday evening at the Jerusalem Film Festival, where she will be receiving a reward for her performance in the biopic "Golda," which premieres at the event. Discussed articles include: NY Times's Friedman: Netanyahu government making rethink of US-Israel ties ‘inevitable' American, Israeli officials downplay columnist's claim US reassessing ties with Israel ‘Not over': Opposition vows to keep up fight after government advances judicial bill In reversal, Netanyahu beats Gantz in head-to-head race for premiership in TV poll Golda Meir biopic starring Helen Mirren to open 40th Jerusalem Film Festival ‘Golda' director defends casting Helen Mirren: ‘She's got the Jewish chops' Subscribe to The Times of Israel Daily Briefing on iTunes, Spotify, PlayerFM, Google Play, or wherever you get your podcasts.See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

What evidence is there for a connection between the microbiome and the chronic inflammation and mental health problems on the rise in western populations? Do we need to rethink hygiene practices to benefit from this new understanding? In this episode we're going to be getting our heads around the idea that while Hygiene has revolutionised health, too much hygiene, actually weakens our immune system's development. To understand why, we need to understand how the complex community of microbes in our intestines, on our skin and in nature around us has evolved for thousands of years, in symbiosis with our immune system; we'll be mapping out how, as our hygiene practices and food processing have increased, so the diversity of microbiota has dropped, eventually leading to the explosion of inflammatory disorders, mental health issues and auto-immune disfunction we're now seeing in western communities. But how to solve this problem, without loosing the great advances in health care achieved by the application of Hygiene theory? Who better to answer that question and explain these subtleties than professor of medical microbiology at University College London, Dr. Graham Rook. Rook is a specialist in infection and immunity, and has spent his career unfolding how the young immune system is ‘programmed' by the microbial background, identifying all the medical conditions that have been worsened by the failing immuno-regulation associated with our impoverished biomes, and developing ways we can update our lifestyle to restore the diversity required to sustain healthy immune response. In his new book ‘Evolution, Biodiversity and a Reassessment of the Hygiene hypothesis' he explains all this and his 2003 Old-Friends hypothesis, which seeks to correct the over-stretching of the Hygeine hypothesis. We have got a show from the second series with phytotherapist Alex Laird, about the dietary aspect of the microbiome and inflammation called ‘Mood Food: Inflammation, the gut and diet' should anyone want to get into the food side of this. What we discuss: 00:00 Intro 08:30 Bacterial diversity in the human body and the evolution of the immune system 12:00 The symbiotic co-evolution of internal bacteria and humankind 13:30 The ‘programming' of the adaptive immune system by diverse bacteria: Lymphocytes 16:30 Most of our genes evolved in micro-organisms  20:55 Modern western microbiomes compared to our hunter gatherer ancestors 21:40 Variety of diet and contact with nature 22:10 Microorganisms from mother and the natural environment 24:00 The socio-economic factor: Urban poverty VS exposure to microorganisms and diverse diet 26:00 Antibiotic over-use in children contributing to allergies and obesity 26:25 Immune regulation, and how it changes with hyper inflammation 30:00 Background high inflammation in the west 31:20 Microbiota transplants in mental health, allergies and obesity experiments 33:50 The difficulty in using biota transplants to treat biome related issues  39:00 Microbiome/inflammation research into Autism, Parkinsons and Alzheimer's  46:00 ‘Trained Immunity' - raising immune alertness epigenetically  50:00 Reassessing the hygiene hypothesis, good diet and minimising antibiotics References: G. Rook, ‘Evolution, Biodiversity, and reassessing the hygiene hypothesis' book G. Rook, 'The Old Friends Hypothesis' paper ‘Pediatrics Consequences of Caesarean Section-A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis', maternal microbiota paper ‘Association between antibiotic treatment during pregnancy and infancy and the development of allergic diseases' paper ‘Gut microbiome remodelling induces depressive-like behaviour' paper ‘Long-term benefit of Microbiota Transfer Therapy on autism symptoms and gut microbiota' paper 'Pet-keeping in early life reduces the risk of allergy in a dose-dependent fashion' paper

Happy Pride! In this episode of the podcast, we explore the varied gender identities of Viking witches. While the modern stereotype of Vikings is that that of the masculine warrior and dutiful wife, grave goods found at several sites illustrate the fluidity of gender in the Nordic and Icelandic world! Citations & References: Bennett, Judith M. "'Lesbian-Like' and the Social History of Lesbianisms." Journal of the History of Sexuality, vol. 9, no. 1/2, 2000, pp. 1-24. Bill, Jan. “Ambiguous Mobility in the Viking Age Ship Burial from Oseberg.” Materialities of Passing: Explorations in Transformation, Transition and Transience, 2016, pp. 207–20. Colwill, Lee. "The Queerly Departed: Narratives of Veneration in the Burials of Late Iron Age Scandinavia." Trans and Genderqueer Subjects in Medieval Hagiography, edited by Alicia Spencer-Hall & Blake Gutt, Amsterdam University Press, 2021, pp.177-97. Mayburd, Miriam. “‘Heizt Þóttumk Nú Heima í Millim⋯' A Reassessment of Hervör in Light of Seiðr's Supernatural Gender Dynamics.” Arkiv För Nordisk Filologi, vol. 129, 2014, pp. 121–64. Murray, Jacqueline. “Twice Marginal and Twice Invisible: Lesbians in the Middle Ages.” Handbook of Medieval Sexuality, 1996, pp. 203-33. Greenberg, David F., and Marcia H. Bystryn. “Christian Intolerance of Homosexuality.” American Journal of Sociology, vol. 88, no. 3, 1982, pp. 515–48. Osberg Ship example - Link Join our discord community! Support us on patreon! Check out our merch! Socials: Website Twitter Instagram Facebook

Peter McCord, author of "The Union Blockade in the American Civil War: A Reassessment"

Peter McCord, author of "The Union Blockade in the American Civil War: A Reassessment"

ReferencesWe considered the complexity of the machinery to excrete ammonium in the context of research on dietary protein and how high protein intake may increase glomerular pressure and contribute to progressive renal disease (many refer to this as the “Brenner hypothesis”). Dietary protein intake and the progressive nature of kidney disease: the role of hemodynamically mediated glomerular injury in the pathogenesis of progressive glomerular sclerosis in aging, renal ablation, and intrinsic renal diseaseA trial that studied low protein and progression of CKD The Effects of Dietary Protein Restriction and Blood-Pressure Control on the Progression of Chronic Renal Disease(and famously provided data for the MDRD eGFR equation A more accurate method to estimate glomerular filtration rate from serum creatinine: a new prediction equation. Modification of Diet in Renal Disease Study GroupWe wondered about dietary recommendations in CKD. of note, this is best done in the DKD guidelines from KDIGO Executive summary of the 2020 KDIGO Diabetes Management in CKD Guideline: evidence-based advances in monitoring and treatment.Joel mentioned this study on red meat and risk of ESKD. Red Meat Intake and Risk of ESRDWe referenced the notion of a plant-based diet. This is an excellent review by Deborah Clegg and Kathleen Hill Gallant. Plant-Based Diets in CKD : Clinical Journal of the American Society of NephrologyHere's the review that Josh mentioned on how the kidney appears to sense pH Molecular mechanisms of acid-base sensing by the kidneyRemarkably, Dr. Dale Dubin put a prize in his ECG book Free Car Prize Hidden in Textbook Read the fine print: Student wins T-birdA review of the role of the kidney in DKA: Diabetic ketoacidosis: Role of the kidney in the acid-base homeostasis re-evaluatedJosh mentioned the effects of infusing large amounts of bicarbonate The effect of prolonged administration of large doses of sodium bicarbonate in man and this study on the respiratory response to a bicarbonate infusion: The Acute Effects In Man Of A Rapid Intravenous Infusion Of Hypertonic Sodium Bicarbonate Solution. Ii. Changes In Respiration And Output Of Carbon DioxideThis is the study of acute respiratory alkalosis in dogs: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC293311/?page=1And this is the study of medical students who went to the High Alpine Research Station on the Jungfraujoch in the Swiss Alps https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/nejm199105163242003Self explanatory! A group favorite! It Is Chloride Depletion Alkalosis, Not Contraction AlkalosisEffects of chloride and extracellular fluid volume on bicarbonate reabsorption along the nephron in metabolic alkalosis in the rat. Reassessment of the classical hypothesis of the pathogenesis of metabolic alkalosisA review of pendrin's role in volume homeostasis: The role of pendrin in blood pressure regulation | American Journal of Physiology-Renal PhysiologyInfusion of bicarbonate may lead to a decrease in respiratory stimulation but the shift of bicarbonate to the CSF may lag. Check out this review Neural Control of Breathing and CO2 Homeostasis and this classic paper Spinal-Fluid pH and Neurologic Symptoms in Systemic Acidosis.OutlineOutline: Chapter 11- Regulation of Acid-Base Balance- Introduction - Bicarb plus a proton in equilibrium with CO2 and water - Can be rearranged to HH - Importance of regulating pCO2 and HCO3 outside of this equation - Metabolism of carbs and fats results in the production of 15,000 mmol of CO2 per day - Metabolism of protein and other “substances” generates non-carbonic acids and bases - Mostly from sulfur containing methionine and cysteine - And cationic arginine and lysine - Hydrolysis of dietary phosphate that exists and H2PO4– - Source of base/alkali - Metabolism of an ionic amino acids - Glutamate and asparatate - Organic anions going through gluconeogenesis - Glutamate, Citrate and lactate - Net effect on a normal western diet 50-100 mEq of H+ per day - Homeostatic response to these acid-base loads has three stages: - Chemical buffering - Changes in ventilation - Changes in H+ excretion - Example of H2SO4 from oxidation of sulfur containing AA - Drop in bicarb will stimulate renal acid secretion - Nice table of normal cid-base values, arterial and venous- Great 6 bullet points of acid-base on page 328 - Kidneys must excrete 50-100 of non-carbonic acid daily - This occurs by H secretion, but mechanisms change by area of nephron - Not excreted as free H+ due to minimal urine pH being equivalent to 0.05 mmol/L - No H+ can be excreted until virtually all of th filtered bicarb is reabsorbed - Secreted H+ must bind buffers (phosphate, NH3, cr) - PH is main stimulus for H secretion, though K, aldo and volume can affect this.- Renal Hydrogen excretion - Critical to understand that loss of bicarb is like addition of hydrogen to the body - So all bicarb must be reabsorbed before dietary H load can be secreted - GFR of 125 and bicarb of 24 results in 4300 mEq of bicarb to be reabsorbed daily - Reabsorption of bicarb and secretion of H involve H secretion from tubular cells into the lumen. - Thee initial points need to be emphasized - Secreted H+ ion are generated from dissociation of H2O - Also creates OH ion - Which combine with CO2 to form HCO3 with the help of zinc containing intracellular carbonic anhydrase. - This is how the secretion of H+ which creates an OH ultimately produces HCO3 - Different mechanisms for proximal and distal acidification - NET ACID EXCRETION - Free H+ is negligible - So net H+ is TA + NH4 – HCO3 loss - Unusually equal to net H+ load, 50-100 mEq/day - Can bump up to 300 mEq/day if acid production is increased - Net acid excretion can go negative following a bicarb or citrate load - Proximal Acidification - Na-H antiporter (or exchanger) in luminal membrane - Basolateral membrane has a 3 HCO3 Na cotransporter - This is electrogenic with 3 anions going out and only one cation - The Na-H antiporter also works in the thick ascending limb of LOH - How about this, there is also a H-ATPase just like found in the intercalated cells in the proximal tubule and is responsible for about a third of H secretion - And similarly there is also. HCO3 Cl exchanger (pendrin-like) in the proximal tubule - Footnote says the Na- 3HCO3 cotransporter (which moves sodium against chemical gradient NS uses negative charge inside cell to power it) is important for sensing acid-base changes in the cell. - Distal acidification - Occurs in intercalated cells of of cortical and medullary collecting tubule - Three main characteristics - H secretion via active secretory pumps in the luminal membrane - Both H-ATPase and H-K ATPase - H- K ATPase is an exchange pump, k reabsorption - H-K exchange may be more important in hypokalemia rather than in acid-base balance - Whole paragraph on how a Na-H exchanger couldn't work because the gradient that H has to be pumped up is too big. - H-ATPase work like vasopressin with premise H-ATPase sitting on endocarditis vesicles a=which are then inserted into the membrane. Alkalosis causes them to be recycled out of the membrane. - H secretory cells do not transport Na since they have few luminal Na channels, but are assisted by the lumen negative tubule from eNaC. - Minimizes back diffusion of H+ and promotes bicarb resorption - Bicarbonate leaves the cell through HCO3-Cl exchanger which uses the low intracellular Cl concentration to power this process. - Same molecule is found on RBC where it is called band 3 protein - Figure 11-5 is interesting - Bicarbonate resorption - 90% in the first 1-22 mm of the proximal tubule (how long is the proximal tubule?) - Lots of Na-H exchangers and I handed permeability to HCO3 (permeability where?) - Last 10% happens distally mostly TAL LOH via Na-H exchange - And the last little bit int he outer medullary collecting duct. - Carbonic anhydrase and disequilibrium pH - CA plays central role in HCO3 reabsorption - After H is secreted in the proximal tubule it combines with HCO# to form carbonic acid. CA then dehydrates it to CO2 and H2O. (Step 2) - Constantly moving carbonic acid to CO2 and H2O keeps hydrogen combining with HCO3 since the product is rapidly consumed. - This can be demonstrated by the minimal fall in luminal pH - That is important so there is not a luminal gradient for H to overcome in the Na-H exchanger (this is why we need a H-ATPase later) - CA inhibitors that are limited tot he extracellular compartment can impair HCO3 reabsorption by 80%. - CA is found in S1, S2 but not S3 segment. See consequence in figure 11-6. - The disequilibrium comes from areas where there is no CA, the HH formula falls down because one of the assumptions of that formula is that H2CO3 (carbonic acid) is a transient actor, but without CA it is not and can accumulate, so the pKa is not 6.1. - Bicarbonate secretion - Type B intercalated cells - H-ATPase polarity reversed - HCO3 Cl exchanger faces the apical rather than basolateral membrane- Titratable acidity - Weak acids are filtered at the glom and act as buffers in the urine. - HPO4 has PKA of 6.8 making it ideal - Creatinine (pKa 4.97) and uric acid (pKa 5.75) also contribute - Under normal cinditions TA buffers 10-40 mEa of H per day - Does an example of HPO4(2-):H2PO4 (1-) which exists 4:1 at pH of 7.4 (glomerular filtrate) - So for 50 mEq of Phos 40 is HPO4 and 10 is H2PO4 - When pH drops to 6.8 then the ratio is 1:1 so for 50 - So the 50 mEq is 25 and 25, so this buffered an additional 15 mEq of H while the free H+ concentration increased from 40 to 160 nanomol/L so over 99.99% of secreted H was buffered - When pH drops to 4.8 ratio is 1:100 so almost all 50 mEq of phos is H2PO4 and 39.5 mEq of H are buffered. - Acid loading decreases phosphate reabsorption so more is there to act as TA. - Decreases activity of Na-phosphate cotransporter - DKA provides a novel weak acid/buffer beta-hydroxybutyrate (pKa 4.8) which buffers significant amount of acid (50 mEq/d).- Ammonium Excretion - Ability to excrete H+ as ammonium ions adds an important amount of flexibility to renal acid-base regulation - NH3 and NH4 production and excretion can be varied according to physiologic need. - Starts with NH3 production in tubular cells - NH3, since it is neutral then diffuses into the tubule where it is acidified by the low pH to NH4+ - NH4+ is ionized and cannot cross back into the tubule cells(it is trapped in the tubular fluid) - This is important for it acting as an important buffer eve though the pKa is 9.0 - At pH of 6.0 the ratio of NH3 to NH4 is 1:1000 - As the neutral NH3 is converted to NH4 more NH3 from theintracellular compartment flows into the tubular fluid replacing the lost NH3. Rinse wash repeat. - This is an over simplification and that there are threemajor steps - NH4 is produced in early proximal tubular cells - Luminal NH4 is partially reabsorbed in the TAL and theNH3 is then recycled within the renal medulla - The medullary interstitial NH3 reaches highconcentrations that allow NH3 to diffuse into the tubular lumen in the medullary collecting tubule where it is trapped as NH4 by secreted H+ - NH4 production from Glutamine which converts to NH4 and glutamate - Glutamate is converted to alpha-ketoglutarate - Alpha ketoglutarate is converted to 2 HCO3 ions - HCO3 sent to systemic circulation by Na-3 HCO3 transporter - NH4 then secreted via Na-H exchanger into the lumen - NH4 is then reabsorbed by NaK2Cl transporter in TAL - NH4 substitutes for K - Once reabsorbed the higher intracellular pH causes NH4 to convert to NH3 and the H that is removed is secreted through Na-H exchanger to scavenge the last of the filtered bicarb. - NH3 diffuses out of the tubular cells into the interstitium - NH4 reabsorption in the TAL is suppressed by hyperkalemia and stimulated by chronic metabolic acidosis - NH4 recycling promotes acid clearance - The collecting tubule has a very low NH3 concentration - This promotes diffusion of NH3 into the collecting duct - NH3 that goes there is rapidly converted to NH4 allowing more NH3 to diffuse in. - Response to changes in pH - Increased ammonium excretion with two processes - Increased proximal NH4 production - This is delayed 24 hours to 2-3 days depending on which enzyme you look at - Decreased urine pH increases diffusion of ammonia into the MCD - Occurs with in hours of an acid load - Peak ammonium excretion takes 5-6 days! (Fig 11-10) - Glutamine is picked up from tubular fluid but with acidosis get Na dependent peritublar capillary glutamine scavenging too - Glutamine metabolism is pH dependent with increase with academia and decrease with alkalemia - NH4 excretion can go from 30-40 mEq/day to > 300 with severe metabolic acidosis (38 NaBicarb tabs) - Says each NH4 produces equimolar generation of HCO3 but I thought it was two bicarb for every alpha ketoglutarate?- The importance of urine pH - Though the total amount of hydrogren cleared by urine pH is insignificant, an acidic urine pH is essential for driving the reactions of TA and NH4 forward.- Regulation of renal hydrogen excretion - Net acid excretion vary inverse with extracellular pH - Academia triggers proximal and distal acidification - Proximally this: - Increased Na-H exchange - Increased luminal H-ATPase activity - Increased Na:3HCO3 cotransporter on the basolateral membrane - Increased NH4 production from glutamine - In the collecting tubules - Increased H-ATPase - Reduction of tubular pH promotes diffusion of NH3 which gets converted to NH4…ION TRAPPING - Extracellular pH affects net acid excretion through its affect on intracellular pH - This happens directly with respiratory disorders due to movement of CO2 through the lipid bilayer - In metabolic disorders a low extracellular bicarb with cause bicarb to diffuse out of the cell passively, this lowers intracellular pH - If you manipulate both low pCO2 and low Bicarb to keep pH stable there will be no change in the intracellular pH and there is no change in renal handling of acid. It is intracellular pH dependent - Metabolic acidosis - Ramps up net acid secretion - Starts within 24 hours and peaks after 5-6 days - Increase net secretion comes from NH4 - Phosphate is generally limited by diet - in DKA titratable acid can be ramped up - Metabolic alkalosis - Alkaline extracellular pH - Increased bicarb excretion - Decrease reabsorption - HCO3 secretion (pendrin) in cortical collecting tubule - Occurs in cortical intercalated cells able to insert H-ATPase in basolateral cells (rather than luminal membrane) - Normal subjects are able to secrete 1000 mmol/day of bicarb - Maintenance of metabolic alkalosis requires a defect which forces the renal resorption of bicarb - This can be chloride/volume deficiency - Hypokalemia - Hyperaldosteronism - Respiratory acidosis and alkalosis - PCO2 via its effect on intracellular pH is an important determinant of renal acid handling - Ratios he uses: - 3.5 per 10 for respiratory acidosis - 5 per 10 for respiratory alkalosis - Interesting paragraph contrasting the response to chronic metabolic acidosis vs chronic respiratory acidosis - Less urinary ammonium in respiratory acidosis - Major differences in proximal tubule cell pH - In metabolic acidosis there is decreased bicarb load so less to be reabsorbed proximally - In respiratory acidosis the increased serum bicarb increases the amount of bicarb that must be reabsorbed proximally - The increased activity of Na-H antiporter returns tubular cell pH to normal and prevents it from creating increased urinary ammonium - Mentions that weirdly more mRNA for H-Na antiporter in metabolic acidosis than in respiratory acidosis - Net hydrogen excretion varies with effective circulating volume - Starts with bicarb infusions - Normally Tm at 26 - But if you volume deplete the patient with diuretics first this increases to 35+ - Four factors explain this increased Tm for bicarb with volume deficiency - Reduced GFR - Activation of RAAS - Ang2 stim H-Na antiporter proximally - Ang2 also stimulates Na-3HCO3 cotransporter on basolateral membrane - Aldosterone stimulates H-ATPase in distal nephron - ALdo stimulates Cl HCO3 exchanger on basolateral membrane - Aldo stimulates eNaC producing tubular lumen negative charge to allow H secretion to occur and prevents back diffusion - Hypochloremia - Increases H secretion by both Na-dependent and Na-independent methods - If Na is 140 and Cl is 115, only 115 of Na can be reabsorbed as NaCl, the remainder must be reabsorbed with HCO3 or associated with secretion of K or H to maintained electro neutrality - This is enhanced with hypochloridemia - Concurrent hypokalemia - Changes in K lead to trans cellular shifts that affect inctracellular pH - Hypokalemia causes K out, H in and in the tubular cell the cell acts if there is systemic acidosis and increases H secretion (and bicarbonate resorption) - PTH - Decreases proximal HCO3 resorption - Primary HyperCard as cause of type 2 RTA - Does acidosis stim PTH or does PTH stim net acid excretion

Where will Tucker go next? The View defends Don Lemon. Mayor Pete's birthing picture of husband and baby. The war on womanhood. Biden wears aviators at press conference, gets question on age. Montage of Fauci saying he didn't shut anything down. NYT article on Fauci.Follow Clay & Buck on YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/c/clayandbuckSee omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Where will Tucker go next? The View defends Don Lemon. Mayor Pete's birthing picture of husband and baby. The war on womanhood. Biden wears aviators at press conference, gets question on age. Montage of Fauci saying he didn't shut anything down. NYT article on Fauci.Follow Clay & Buck on YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/c/clayandbuckSee omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Join our expert fantasy football analysts, Gene (@FantasyGenes) and Ike (@Just_Ike09), as they conduct a comprehensive reassessment of the highly anticipated 2022 rookie class. With in-depth analysis and valuable insights, Gene and Ike breakdown the best and worst performances, provide 2023 outlooks, and share top choices for Year 2 breakouts. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Today, we'll look at 7 ways to develop discipline as an entrepreneur, which will lead to a healthier routine that gives you more freedom. As entrepreneurs, we have a lot of responsibilities and expectations that we put on ourselves. Sometimes we do this in a way that isn't in line with what we want in our lives and business. Let's change that. Here's how we'll break down 'discipline' and the 7 ways to start today: How Discipline = Freedom How to confront what's holding you back from progress How to prioritize what's most important, not just urgent  The power of Tiny Habits to start small and make changes stick  How to create a schedule to stay on track - How to track progress for consistent momentum  How to reflect and reassess as you go  How to keep going for sustained success  How to apply to your body, mind, work, and people for holistic growth Thank you for listening to this episode. Please tell another entrepreneur who would gain something from this. And leave a rating and review on your favorite podcast platform, It helps more entrepreneurs find this show. Follow along more at www.hustleandflowchart.com. Thank you!