Podcasts about ritonavir

How close are we to making space not just the final frontier, but the next big investment opportunity? In this episode of The Angel Next Door Podcast, host Marcia sits down with Tim Maul of Balerion Space Ventures to break down the exciting—and very real—landscape of space investing, moving the conversation far beyond science fiction.Tim brings a wealth of experience from institutional investing and now plays a key role in connecting investors to groundbreaking space and defense technologies. His clear and engaging approach makes the complexities of space investing accessible for all, highlighting how this rapidly evolving sector is full of possibilities for savvy investors.From the realities of lunar mining and pharmaceutical manufacturing in zero gravity to the crucial growth of private capital in satellite infrastructure and defense, this episode covers it all. If you want a front-row seat to where innovation, entrepreneurship, and outer space intersect—and why now is the time to pay attention—this is an episode you can't afford to miss. To get the latest from Tim Maul, you can follow him below!https://www.linkedin.com/in/tim-maul-62907a7/ https://balerionspace.com/  Sign up for Marcia's newsletter to receive tips and the latest on Angel Investing!Website: www.marciadawood.comLearn more about the documentary Show Her the Money: www.showherthemoneymovie.comAnd don't forget to follow us wherever you are!Apple Podcasts: https://pod.link/1586445642.appleSpotify: https://pod.link/1586445642.spotifyLinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/company/angel-next-door-podcast/Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/theangelnextdoorpodcast/TikTok: https://www.tiktok.com/@marciadawood

Contributor: Jorge Chalit-Hernandez, OMS3 Educational Pearls: CYP enzymes are responsible for the metabolism of many medications, drugs, and other substances CYP3A4 is responsible for the majority Other common ones include CYP2D6 (antidepressants), CYP2E1 (alcohol), and CYP1A2 (cigarettes) CYP inducers lead to reduced concentrations of a particular medication CYP inhibitors effectively increase concentrations of certain medications in the body Examples of CYP inducers Phenobarbital Rifampin  Cigarettes St. John's Wort Examples of CYP inhibitors -azole antifungals like itraconazole and ketoconazole Bactrim (trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole) Ritonavir (found in Paxlovid) Grapefruit juice Clinical relevance Drug-drug interactions happen frequently and often go unrecognized or underrecognized in patients with significant polypharmacy A study conducted on patients receiving Bactrim and other antibiotics found increased rates of anticoagulation in patients receiving Bactrim Currently, Paxlovid is prescribed to patients with COVID-19, many of whom have multiple comorbidities and are on multiple medications Paxlovid contains ritonavir, a powerful CYP inhibitor that can increase concentrations of many other medications A complete list of clinically relevant CYP inhibitors can be found on the FDA website: https://www.fda.gov/drugs/drug-interactions-labeling/drug-development-and-drug-interactions-table-substrates-inhibitors-and-inducers  References Glasheen JJ, Fugit RV, Prochazka AV. The risk of overanticoagulation with antibiotic use in outpatients on stable warfarin regimens. J Gen Intern Med. 2005;20(7):653-656. doi:10.1111/j.1525-1497.2005.0136.x Lynch T, Price A. The effect of cytochrome P450 metabolism on drug response, interactions, and adverse effects. Am Fam Physician. 2007;76(3):391-396. PAXLOVID™. Drug interactions. PAXLOVIDHCP. Accessed March 16, 2025. https://www.paxlovidhcp.com/drug-interactions Summarized & Edited by Jorge Chalit, OMS3 Donate: https://emergencymedicalminute.org/donate/  

Commentary by Dr. Candice Silversides

In this episode, Renslow Sherer, MD, and Trinh P. Vu, PharmD, BCIDP, discuss how to optimize the use of COVID-19 antivirals and how to navigate drug-drug interactions between COVID-19 treatments and a patient's home medications. Their discussion includes:Current COVID-19 landscapeCOVID-19 testing and vaccination recommendationsTreatment guidelines and antiviral options for nonhospitalized adults with COVID-19Resources for assessing and managing COVID-19 antiviral-related drug-drug interactionsAnswers to learners' most pressing questionsPresenters:Renslow Sherer, MDProfessor of MedicineSection of Infectious Diseases and Global HealthUniversity of ChicagoChicago, IllinoisTrinh P. Vu, PharmD, BCIDPClinical Pharmacy Specialist in Infectious DiseasesDepartment of PharmacyEmory University Hospital MidtownAtlanta, GeorgiaSlideset: https://bit.ly/4c6kwbJDownloadable resource:https://bit.ly/49rofP6Full program: https://bit.ly/3P16TR8Get access to all of our new podcasts by subscribing to the CCO Infectious Disease Podcast on Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts or Spotify.

Does nirmatrelvir reduce the risk of developing long COVID? Find out about this and more in today's PV Roundup podcast.

Dr. Centor discusses rebound of COVID-19 after treatment with nirmatrelvir-ritonavir with Dr. Myron Cohen.

I divide Paxlovid, nirmatrelvir, and ritonavir into syllables, explain which syllables have the emphasis, and reveal the sources of my information.  The written pronunciations are below and on https://www.thepharmacistsvoice.com.  The purpose of my pronunciation episodes is to provide the intended pronunciations of drug names from reliable sources so you feel more confident saying them and less frustrated learning them.  Paxlovid = pax LO vid; emphasize LO.  Nirmatrelvir = NIR ma TREL vir; emphasize NIR and TREL.  TREL gets the most emphasis. Ritonavir = ri TON a vir; emphasize TON. Thank you for listening to episode 254 of The Pharmacist's Voice ® Podcast! To read the FULL show notes, visit https://www.thepharmacistsvoice.com/podcast.  Select episode 254. Subscribe to or follow The Pharmacist's Voice ® Podcast to get each new episode delivered to your podcast player and YouTube every time a new one comes out!   Apple Podcasts   https://apple.co/42yqXOG  Google Podcasts  https://bit.ly/3J19bws  Spotify  https://spoti.fi/3qAk3uY  Amazon/Audible  https://adbl.co/43tM45P YouTube https://bit.ly/43Rnrjt Links from this episode How to Pronounce Nirmatrelvir - YouTube (recommended by Pfizer Media Relations - 212-733-1226, pfizermediarelations@pfizer.com) Paxlovid package insert.  See patient information section (after section 17/pt counseling info) Pfizer website, Paxlovid pronounced (healthcare provider video) YouTube, Paxlovid direct-to-consumer commercial (published by Pfizer) USP Dictionary Online (aka “USAN”)  **Subscription-based resource USP Dictionary's (USAN) pronunciation guide (Free resource on the American Medical Association's website) The Pharmacist's Voice ® Podcast episode 250, pronunciation series episode 22 (metformin/Glucophage) The Pharmacist's Voice Podcast ® episode 245, pronunciation series episode 21 (naltrexone/Vivitrol) The Pharmacist's Voice ® Podcast episode 240, pronunciation series episode 20 (levalbuterol) The Pharmacist's Voice ® Podcast episode 236, pronunciation series episode 19 (phentermine)  The Pharmacist's Voice ® Podcast episode 228, pronunciation series episode 18 (ezetimibe) The Pharmacist's Voice ® Podcast episode 219, pronunciation series episode 17 (semaglutide) The Pharmacist's Voice ® Podcast episode 215, pronunciation series episode 16 (mifepristone and misoprostol) The Pharmacist's Voice ® Podcast episode 211, pronunciation series episode 15 (Humira®) The Pharmacist's Voice ® Podcast episode 202, pronunciation series episode 14 (SMZ-TMP) The Pharmacist's Voice ® Podcast episode 198, pronunciation series episode 13 (carisoprodol) The Pharmacist's Voice ® Podcast episode 194, pronunciation series episode 12 (tianeptine) The Pharmacist's Voice ® Podcast episode 188, pronunciation series episode 11 (insulin icodec)  The Pharmacist's Voice ® Podcast episode 184, pronunciation series episode 10 (phenytoin and isotretinoin) The Pharmacist's Voice ® Podcast episode 180, pronunciation series episode 9 Apretude® (cabotegravir) The Pharmacist's Voice ® Podcast episode 177, pronunciation series episode 8 (metoprolol)  The Pharmacist's Voice ® Podcast episode 164, pronunciation series episode 7 (levetiracetam) The Pharmacist's Voice ® Podcast episode 159, pronunciation series episode 6 (talimogene laherparepvec or T-VEC)  The Pharmacist's Voice ® Podcast episode 155, pronunciation series episode 5 Trulicity® (dulaglutide)  The Pharmacist's Voice ® Podcast episode 148, pronunciation series episode 4 Besponsa® (inotuzumab ozogamicin) The Pharmacist's Voice ® Podcast episode 142, pronunciation series episode 3 Zolmitriptan and Zokinvy The Pharmacist's Voice ® Podcast episode 138, pronunciation series episode 2 Molnupiravir and Taltz The Pharmacist's Voice ® Podcast episode 134, pronunciation series episode 1 Eszopiclone and Qulipta

In this podcast, expert Rasika Karnik, MD, MS, discusses how to manage the health risks posed by COVID-19 infection and long COVID in individuals with metabolic syndrome or obesity.Dr Karnik discusses the interplay between COVID-19 outcomes, obesity/metabolic syndrome, and social determinants of health and delves into detail on how to address and mitigate these social determinants of health in a high-risk population.Presenters:Rasika Karnik, MD, MSAssistant ProfessorDivision of Primary Care, Department of Internal MedicineUniversity of ChicagoChicago, IllinoisContent based on an online CME program supported by independent educational grants from Pfizer.Link to full program: https://bit.ly/46yuChS

In this podcast, experts Donna Ryan, MD, and Renslow Sherer, MD, discuss how to manage the health risks posed by COVID-19 infection and long COVID in individuals with metabolic syndrome or obesity.First, Dr Ryan presents an overview of the relationship between COVID-19 and weight, including the mechanisms of how obesity may drive COVID-19 disease and how COVID-19 may in turn worsen obesity, through both immunologic and social or societal drivers.Dr Ryan also discusses the relationship between obesity and the risk for long COVID.In his segment, Dr Sherer discusses COVID-19 vaccination and antiviral therapy within the context of obesity and metabolic syndrome. Dr Sherer also delves into detail on how obesity-related risk factors or comorbidities may affect treatment decisions and presents strategies on individualizing treatment, including in patients with long COVID.This episode includes results from several reviews and meta-analyses examining the relationship between vaccination, as well as an observational study investigating the impact of nirmatrelvir/ritonavir therapy on long COVID in vaccinated patients.Presenters:Donna Ryan, MDProfessor Emerita Pennington Biomedical Research Center New Orleans, Louisiana Renslow Sherer, MDDirector of the International HIV Training Center Professor of MedicineInfectious Diseases and Global Health Department of Medicine University of Chicago Department of Medicine Chicago, IllinoisContent based on an online CME program supported by independent educational grants from Pfizer.Link to full program:https://bit.ly/46yuChS

Mike and Jake host Varda Delian Asparouhov, Founders Fund partner and co-founder of Varda Space Industries, to talk about venture capital investing, Varda's efforts to make drugs in space, and why the Air Force is interested in using their orbiting pharmaceutical lab to help test hypersonic weapons. For those who like #military #technology #airforce #aviation #aerospace #space ---- Links • Sign up for our ⁠amazing newsletter⁠! • Support us on ⁠Patreon⁠ • ⁠Mike Benitez LinkedIn⁠ • Jake Chapman X (Twitter) • Delian Asparouhov X (Twitter) ---- Follow us on... • ⁠Instagram⁠ • ⁠Facebook⁠ • ⁠X (Twitter)⁠ • ⁠LinkedIn⁠ • ⁠Website⁠ ---- Show Notes (00:47) intro (05:00) Varda's connection to Palantir and Anduril  (06:22) Varda's origin story (08:58) how to find a co-founder (11:42) why drugs (13:23) naming the company (15:39) the space capsule (17:08) Falcon 9 launched into space (19:00) why Ritonavir (22:19) patent a space drug? (26:47) stuck in orbit? (28:27) how it comes back to Earth (30:20) how the Air Force became a customer (33:40) China's hypersonic news (34:23) Varda's Air Force STRATFI contract (37:14) Varda's mission (39:17) Silicon Valley and Congress (42:48) Defense tech investing (47:31) lightning round (56:00) outro

In his weekly clinical update, Dr. Griffin discusses the new risk assessment for the H5N1 avian flu viruses, the development of monoclonal antibody-based blocking ELISA for detecting SARS-CoV-2 exposure in animals, repeated antibiotic exposure and risk of hospitalization and death following COVID-19 infection, COVID-19 rebound study: a prospective cohort study to evaluate viral and symptom rebound differences in participants treated with Nirmatrelvir plus Ritonavir versus untreated controls, exaggerated blood pressure elevation in response to orthostatic challenge a post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection (PASC) after hospitalization, long term follow-up of a multicenter cohort of COVID-19 patients with pulmonary embolism, and risk of cardiovascular disease after COVID‐19 diagnosis among adults with and without diabetes. Subscribe (free): Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts, RSS, email Become a patron of TWiV! Links for this episode New risk assessment for H5N1 avian flu viruses (CDC) Development of monoclonal antibody-based blocking ELISA for detecting SARS-CoV-2 exposure (Virology) Repeated antibiotic exposure and risk of hospitalization and death following COVID-19 infection (eClinicalMedicine) COVID-19 Rebound Study (CID) Exaggerated blood pressure elevation in response to orthostatic challenge (AN) Long term follow-up of a multicenter cohort of COVID-19 patients with pulmonary embolism (TR) Risk of Cardiovascular disease after COVID‐19 diagnosis among adults with and without Diabetes (JAHA) Contribute to our FIMRC fundraiser at PWB Letters read on TWiV 1025 Dr. Griffin's COVID treatment summary (pdf) Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks! Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees Send your questions for Dr. Griffin to daniel@microbe.tv

Mr. Pierre Giguère and Dr. Swapnil Hiremath provide an overview of their study, "Management and Outcome of COVID-19 Infection Using Nirmatrelvir/Ritonavir in Kidney Transplant Patients," on behalf of their colleagues.

Mr. Pierre Giguère and Dr. Swapnil Hiremath provide an overview of their study, "Management and Outcome of COVID-19 Infection Using Nirmatrelvir/Ritonavir in Kidney Transplant Patients," on behalf of their colleagues.

In his weekly clinical update, Dr. Griffin discusses autochthonous leprosy in the United States, a systematic review to identify novel clinical characteristics of Mpox virus infection and therapeutic and preventive strategies to combat the virus, two-year duration of immunity of inactivated poliovirus vaccine, evaluation of novel oral polio vaccine type 2 SIA impact in a large outbreak of circulating vaccine-derived poliovirus in Nigeria, performance of rapid antigen tests to detect symptomatic and asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 Infection, effectiveness of the COVID-19 bivalent vaccine, oral Nirmatrelvir and Ritonavir for COVID-19 in vaccinated, non-hospitalized adults ages 18-50 years, genome-wide association study of long COVID, vaccination ameliorates cellular inflammatory responses in SARS-CoV-2 breakthrough infections, and high incidence of autonomic dysfunction and postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome in patients with long-COVID. Subscribe (free): Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts, RSS, email Become a patron of TWiV! Links for this episode Autochthonous leprosy in the United States (NEJM) Systematic review to identify novel clinical characteristics of Monkeypox (Archives of Virology) Two-year duration of immunity of inactivated poliovirus vaccine (JID) Evaluation of novel oral polio vaccine type 2 SIA impact in a outbreak of vaccine-derived poliovirus in Nigeria (IDSA) Performance of rapid antigen tests to detect symptomatic and asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2  (AIM) Effectiveness of the COVID-19 bivalent vaccine (OFID) Oral Nirmatrelvir and Ritonavir for COVID-19 in vaccinated, non-hospitalized adults (CID) Genome-wide association study of long COVID (medRxiv) Vaccination ameliorates cellular inflammatory responses in SARS-CoV-2 breakthrough infections (JID) High incidence of autonomic dysfunction and postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome in patients with long-COVID (AJM) Contribute to our FIMRC fundraiser at PWB Letters read on TWiV 1022 Dr. Griffin's COVID treatment summary (pdf) Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks! Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees Send your questions for Dr. Griffin to daniel@microbe.tv

In this episode, Sonya Krishnan, MD, MHS, discusses using HIV-ASSIST to aid in the selection of an ART regimen for a virologically suppressed PWH who is planning a pregnancy. Listen as she covers:How to input patient specific factors into the HIV-ASSIST toolDiscussion of available education sheets to review the data and recommendations for her current ART regimen in pregnancyAn explanation of why some regimens are ranked lower because of adherence factors such as increased pill burden or dosing frequencyGuidelines informing the HIV-ASSIST output, including DHHS and IAS-USA, and the frequency with which updates are incorporatedHow to use the HIV-ASSIST output to guide regimen selection in pregnancyUse of the HIV-ASSIST tool in shared decision-making and patient counselingSonya Krishnan, MD, MHSAssistant ProfessorDivision of Infectious DiseasesJohns Hopkins UniversityBaltimore, MarylandLink to full program: bit.ly/3pwaH2Y

In this week's episode we'll review imbalances in gut microbiota may impact the efficacy and safety of immunochemotherapy in patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Next, the NFIA-ETO2 fusion, found exclusively in pediatric patients with pure erythroid leukemia, impairs the normal process of erythroid differentiation. Finally, we'll look at the effectiveness of nirmatrelvir plus ritonavir in patients with CLL infected with SARS-CoV-2 during the Omicron surge.  

In this episode, Renslow Sherer, MD, and Trinh P. Vu, PharmD, BCIDP, discuss strategies for managing ambulatory patients with acute or previous COVID-19 infection, including:Current COVID-19 landscapeRapid antigen tests and PCR testsRisk stratification of patients who have a positive SARS-CoV-2 testAntiviral treatment (nirmatrelvir + ritonavir, remdesivir, and molnupiravir)Long COVIDPresenters:Renslow Sherer, MDDirector, International HIV Training CenterProfessor of MedicineSection of Infectious Diseases and Global HealthDepartment of MedicineUniversity of ChicagoChicago, IllinoisTrinh P. Vu, PharmD, BCIDPClinical Pharmacy Specialist in Infectious DiseasesDepartment of Pharmaceutical ServicesEmory University Hospital MidtownAtlanta, GeorgiaTo download the slides: bit.ly/3oHKC09To view the full online program: bit.ly/4201xcO

In this episode, Renslow Sherer, MD, and Trinh P. Vu, PharmD, BCIDP, discuss strategies for managing ambulatory patients with acute or previous COVID-19 infection, including:Current COVID-19 landscapeRapid antigen tests and PCR testsRisk stratification of patients who have a positive SARS-CoV-2 testAntiviral treatment (nirmatrelvir + ritonavir, remdesivir, and molnupiravir)Long COVIDPresenters:Renslow Sherer, MDDirector, International HIV Training CenterProfessor of MedicineSection of Infectious Diseases and Global HealthDepartment of MedicineUniversity of ChicagoChicago, IllinoisTrinh P. Vu, PharmD, BCIDPClinical Pharmacy Specialist in Infectious DiseasesDepartment of Pharmaceutical ServicesEmory University Hospital MidtownAtlanta, GeorgiaTo download the slides: bit.ly/3oHKC09To view the full online program: bit.ly/4201xcO

In this episode, Renslow Sherer, MD, and Trinh P. Vu, PharmD, BCIDP, discuss strategies for managing ambulatory patients with acute or previous COVID-19 infection, including:Current COVID-19 landscapeRapid antigen tests and PCR testsRisk stratification of patients who have a positive SARS-CoV-2 testAntiviral treatment (nirmatrelvir + ritonavir, remdesivir, and molnupiravir)Long COVIDPresenters:Renslow Sherer, MDDirector, International HIV Training CenterProfessor of MedicineSection of Infectious Diseases and Global HealthDepartment of MedicineUniversity of ChicagoChicago, IllinoisTrinh P. Vu, PharmD, BCIDPClinical Pharmacy Specialist in Infectious DiseasesDepartment of Pharmaceutical ServicesEmory University Hospital MidtownAtlanta, GeorgiaTo download the slides: bit.ly/3oHKC09To view the full online program: bit.ly/4201xcO

In this episode, Tracey Piparo, PA-C, and Renslow Sherer, MD, discuss cases of nonhospitalized patients with COVID-19, including:Young, healthy patient with no risk factorsYoung, healthy patient with risk factorsOlder patient with immunocompromiseOlder patient with renal dysfunctionPatient experiencing hypoxia Presenters: Tracey Piparo, PA-C Department of Palliative Medicine RJWBarnabas New Brunswick, New Jersey Renslow Sherer, MD Director, International HIV Training Center Professor of Medicine Section of Infectious Diseases and Global Health Department of Medicine University of Chicago Chicago, Illinois To download the slides: bit.ly/44cgH0qTo view the full online program: https://bit.ly/4201xcO

In this episode, Daniel R. Kuritzkes, MD, discusses considerations for rapid initiation of antiretroviral therapy in patients who are newly diagnosed with HIV, including:Recommended regimensManagement of patients previously receiving PrEPTiming of laboratory testingPresenter:Daniel R. Kuritzkes, MDHarriet Ryan Albee Professor of MedicineHarvard Medical SchoolChief, Division of Infectious DiseasesBrigham and Women's HospitalBoston, MassachusettsTo download the slides: https://bit.ly/3odUA9CTo view the full online program: https://bit.ly/3ZjSFhg

Drs Michael S. Saag and Charles W. Flexner discuss the mechanisms of drug-drug interactions and the promise and limitations of longer-acting HIV therapeutics for both treatment and prevention. Relevant disclosures can be found with the episode show notes on Medscape (https://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/986504). The topics and discussions are planned, produced, and reviewed independently of advertisers. This podcast is intended only for US healthcare professionals. Resources HIV Infection and AIDS https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/211316-overview Drug Interactions With Antiretroviral Therapy (ART) https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/2039809-overview Common Drug Interactions With Protease Inhibitors https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/2041624-overview HIV-Protease Inhibitors https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9562584/ The Role of Drug Metabolizing Enzymes in Clearance https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24392841/ AIDS Clinical Trials Group https://actgnetwork.org/ Ritonavir https://reference.medscape.com/drug/norvir-ritonavir-342627 The Cytochrome P450 Isoenzyme and Some New Opportunities for the Prediction of Negative Drug Interaction In Vivo https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29780235/ Boosting https://clinicalinfo.hiv.gov/en/glossary/boosting Cytochrome p450 Structure, Function and Clinical Significance: A Review https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28124606/ Darunavir https://reference.medscape.com/drug/prezista-darunavir-342647 Atazanavir https://reference.medscape.com/drug/reyataz-atazanavir-342608 Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate https://clinicalinfo.hiv.gov/en/drugs/tenofovir-disoproxil-fumarate/patient The Structure and Mechanism of Drug Transporters https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34272696/ Tenofovir Alafenamide (TAF) Clinical Pharmacology https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35146360/ Prodrugs for Improved Drug Delivery: Lessons Learned From Recently Developed and Marketed Products https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33137942/ Update on Drug-Drug Interaction at Organic Cation Transporters: Mechanisms, Clinical Impact, and Proposal for Advanced In Vitro Testing https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33896325/ The Role of Organic Anion Transporting Polypeptides in Drug Absorption, Distribution, Excretion and Drug-Drug Interactions https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27783531/ Creatinine Clearance https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31334948/ Dolutegravir https://reference.medscape.com/drug/tivicay-tivicay-pd-dolutegravir-999861 Cobicistat https://reference.medscape.com/drug/tybost-cobicistat-999845 Paxlovid https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35138785/ Interaction Between Ritonavir and Statins https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11959074/ COVID-19 Drug Interactions https://www.covid19-druginteractions.org/checker Cabotegravir https://reference.medscape.com/drug/vocabria-apretude-cabotegravir-1000364 Lenacapavir https://reference.medscape.com/drug/sunlenca-lenacapavir-4000240 Inhibitors of the HIV-1 Capsid, a Target of Opportunity https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29782334/ Flip-Flop Pharmacokinetics--Delivering a Reversal of Disposition: Challenges and Opportunities During Drug Development https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21837267/ Polymeric Biomaterials for Medical Implants and Devices https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33465850/ Microneedle Arrays Combined With Nanomedicine Approaches for Transdermal Delivery of Therapeutics https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33419118/ Preexposure HIV Prophylaxis https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/2054869-overview

Fernando Carnavali, MD; Rasika Karnik, MS, MD; Renslow Sherer, MD; and Joseph Torrisi, PharmD, BCIDP, discuss COVID-19 treatments and the possibility for antiviral resistance, including:Treatment resistance mechanismsCOVID-19 testingCOVID-19 treatments, including antivirals and monoclonal antibodiesPresenters:Fernando Carnavali, MDAssociate Professor of MedicineDivision ChiefGeneral Internal MedicineDepartment of MedicineSite DirectorCOVID Center of Excellence Satellite-Ansonia Mount Sinai Health New York, New YorkRasika Karnik, MS, MDAssistant ProfessorDivision of Primary CareDepartment of Internal MedicineUniversity of ChicagoMedical DirectorPost-COVID Recovery ClinicChicago, IllinoisRenslow Sherer, MDDirectorInternational HIV Training CenterProfessor of MedicineSection of Infectious Diseases and Global HealthDepartment of MedicineUniversity of ChicagoChicago, IllinoisJoseph Torrisi, PharmD, BCIDPClinical Pharmacy SpecialistInfectious Diseases PharmacyGrady Health SystemAtlanta, GeorgiaLink to slides: https://bit.ly/3hXMgIdLink to full program: https://bit.ly/3G271KL

I was able to bob and weave for two years, but the Covid finally got me. Where did I get it? How bad was it? What was the wonder drug prescribed by my doctor that took me from zombieland to fixing the dishwasher in 24 hours? Tune in here.

In his weekly clinical update Dr. Griffin discusses modelling the adjustment of COVID-19 response and exit from dynamic zero-COVID in China, canine real-time detection of SARS-CoV-2 infections in the context of a mass screening event, two masks can be worse than one: N95 respirator failure caused by an overlying face mask, airflow patterns in double-occupancy patient rooms may contribute to roommate-to-roommate transmission of severe SARS-CoV-2, clinical validation of a novel T-Cell receptor sequencing assay for identification of recent or prior SARS-CoV-2 infection, antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity against SARS-CoV-2 Omicron sub-lineages is reduced in convalescent sera, regardless of the infecting variant, VV116 versus Nirmatrelvir–Ritonavir for oral treatment of Covid-19, Nirmatrelvir plus Ritonavir for early COVID-19 in a U.S. health system, Molnupiravir plus usual care versus usual care alone as early treatment for adults with COVID-19 at increased risk of adverse outcomes, higher dose corticosteroids in hospitalized COVID-19 patients with hypoxia but not requiring ventilatory support, FDA approves Roche's Actemra (tocilizumab) for the treatment of COVID-19 in hospitalized adults, structural brain changes in post-acute COVID-19 patients with persistent olfactory dysfunction, persistent post–COVID-19 smell loss is associated with immune cell infiltration and altered gene expression in olfactory epithelium, epidemiology of long COVID in US adults, persistent symptoms and sequelae after SARS-CoV-2 infection not requiring hospitalization, and outpatient treatment of Covid-19 with metformin, ivermectin, and fluvoxamine and the development of Long Covid over 10-month follow-up. Subscribe (free): Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts, RSS, email Become a patron of TWiV! Links for this episode Modeling the adjustment of COVID-19 response and exit in China (Nature) Canine real-time detection of SARS-CoV-2 infections in mass screening events (BMJ) N95 respirator failure caused by an overlying face mask (ICHE) Airflow in patient rooms may contribute to transmission of severe SARS-CoV-2 (CID) Clinical validation of a T-Cell receptor for identification of recent or prior SARS-CoV-2 infection (CID) Antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity against SARS-CoV-2 Omicron sub-lineages (Cell) VV116 vs. Nirmatrelvir–Ritonavir for oral treatment of Covid-19 (NEJM) Nirmatrelvir plus Ritonavir for early COVID-19 in a U.S. health system (ACP) Molnupiravir as early treatment for adults with COVID-19 (The Lancet) Higher dose corticosteroids in hospitalized COVID-19 patients with hypoxia but not requiring ventilatory support (medRxiv) FDA approves Tocilizumab for the treatment of COVID-19 in hospitalized adults (Roche) Structural brain changes in post-acute COVID-19 patients with olfactory dysfunction (Annals) Paxlovid patient eligbiliity screening checklist (FDA) Persistent post–COVID-19 smell loss association (Science) Epidemiology of long COVID in US adults (CID) Persistent symptoms & sequelae after SARS-CoV-2 infection not requiring hospitalization (OFID) Outpatient treatment of COVID-19 with metformin, ivermectin, and fluvoxamine & the development of long COVID (medRxiv) Contribute to our MicrobeTV fundraiser at PWB Dr. Griffin's treatment guide (pdf) Letters read on TWiV 970 Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks! Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees Send your questions for Dr. Griffin to daniel@microbe.tv

Fernando Carnavali, MD; Rasika Karnik, MS, MD; Renslow Sherer, MD; and Joseph Torrisi, PharmD, BCIDP, discuss COVID-19 rebound, including:Prevalence of COVID-19 reboundCOVID-19 rebound and antiviral useManagement of COVID-19 rebound Presenters:Fernando Carnavali, MDAssociate Professor of MedicineDivision ChiefGeneral Internal MedicineDepartment of MedicineSite Director COVID Center of Excellence Satellite-Ansonia Mount Sinai Health New York, New YorkRasika Karnik, MS, MDAssistant ProfessorDivision of Primary CareDepartment of Internal MedicineUniversity of ChicagoMedical DirectorPost-COVID Recovery ClinicChicago, IllinoisRenslow Sherer, MDDirectorInternational HIV Training CenterProfessor of MedicineSection of Infectious Diseases and Global HealthDepartment of MedicineUniversity of ChicagoChicago, IllinoisJoseph Torrisi, PharmD, BCIDPClinical Pharmacy SpecialistInfectious Diseases PharmacyGrady Health SystemAtlanta, GeorgiaLink to slides: https://bit.ly/3hXMgIdLink to full program: https://bit.ly/3G271KL

Fernando Carnavali, MD; Rasika Karnik, MS, MD; Renslow Sherer, MD; and Joseph Torrisi, PharmD, BCIDP, discuss how to ethically prioritize patients for COVID-19 treatment when treatment supplies may be limited, including insights on:Risk stratificationMedication acquisitionDrug interactionsPresenters:Fernando Carnavali, MDAssociate Professor of MedicineDivision ChiefGeneral Internal MedicineDepartment of MedicineSite Director COVID Center of Excellence Satellite-Ansonia Mount Sinai Health New York, New YorkRasika Karnik, MS, MDAssistant ProfessorDivision of Primary CareDepartment of Internal MedicineUniversity of ChicagoMedical DirectorPost-COVID Recovery ClinicChicago, IllinoisRenslow Sherer, MDDirectorInternational HIV Training CenterProfessor of MedicineSection of Infectious Diseases and Global HealthDepartment of MedicineUniversity of ChicagoChicago, IllinoisJoseph Torrisi, PharmD, BCIDPClinical Pharmacy SpecialistInfectious Diseases PharmacyGrady Health SystemAtlanta, GeorgiaLink to slides: https://bit.ly/3hXMgIdLink to full program: https://bit.ly/3G271KL

In this episode, Jason Gallagher, PharmD, and Emily Heil, PharmD, MS, BCIDP discuss landmark clinical trials of COVID-19 antivirals for nonhospitalized patients and COVID-19 rebound phenomenon, including:  EPIC-HR study of nirmatrelvir plus ritonavirPINETREE study of remdesivirMOVe-OUT and Panoramic studies of molnupiravirCOVID-19 rebound in treated and untreated patientsPresenters:Jason Gallagher, PharmDClinical ProfessorSchool of PharmacyTemple UniversityClinical Pharmacy SpecialistInfectious DiseasesTemple University HospitalPhiladelphia, PennsylvaniaEmily Heil, PharmD, MS, BCIDP, AAHIVPAssociate ProfessorDepartment of Pharmacy Practice and ScienceUniversity of Maryland School of PharmacyInfectious Diseases Clinical Pharmacy SpecialistUniversity of Maryland Medical CenterBaltimore, Maryland 

In this episode, Princy N. Kumar, MD, and Paul E. Sax, MD, discuss new COVID-19 data from IDWeek 2022, including:COVID-19 vaccines, including omicron BA.1 bivalent boosterRisk factors for breakthrough COVID-19 infectionsCOVID-19 diagnostics, including digital droplet PCRCOVID-19 therapeutics, including:Nirmatrelvir plus ritonavirTixagevimab plus cilgavimabBaricitinibTocilizumabInhaled interferon β-1aCOVID-19 therapeutics and outcomes in patients with immunocompromiseLong COVIDPresenters:Princy N. Kumar, MD, FIDSA, MACPProfessor of Medicine and MicrobiologyChief, Division of Infectious Diseases and Travel MedicineSenior Associate Dean of StudentsGeorgetown University School of MedicineWashington, DCPaul E. Sax, MDClinical DirectorHIV Program and Division of Infectious DiseasesBrigham and Women's HospitalProfessor of MedicineHarvard Medical SchoolBoston, MassachusettsFollow along with the downloadable slideset at:http://bit.ly/3gkJI67Link to full program:http://bit.ly/3TSVthM

In this episode, Renslow Sherer, MD, and Jason E. Farley, PhD, MPH, ANP-BC, FAAN, FAANP, AACRN, discuss patient cases that illustrate key concepts for managing ambulatory patients with acute COVID-19 infection, including:A young, otherwise healthy patientAn older patient with multiple comorbidities A patient with immunocompromiseA patient requiring emergency department-level carePresenters:Renslow Sherer, MDDirector, International HIV Training CenterProfessor of MedicineSection of Infectious Diseases and Global HealthDepartment of MedicineUniversity of ChicagoChicago, IllinoisJason E. Farley, PhD, MPH, ANP-BC, FAAN, FAANP, AACRNProfessorSchool of NursingJohns Hopkins UniversityNurse PractitionerDepartment of Infectious DiseasesJohn G. Bartlett Specialty PracticeBaltimore, MarylandTo download the slides:http://bit.ly/3G9IrJxTo view the full online program:https://bit.ly/3TqnNIX

Commentary by Dr. Valentin Fuster

In this episode, Renslow Sherer, MD, and Trinh P. Vu, PharmD, BCIDP, discuss strategies for managing ambulatory patients with acute or previous COVID-19 infection, including:Rapid antigen tests and PCR testsRisk stratification of patients who have a positive SARS-CoV-2 testAntiviral treatment (nirmatrelvir + ritonavir, remdesivir, and molnupiravir)Monoclonal antibody treatment (bebtelovimab)Long COVIDPresenters:Renslow Sherer, MDDirector, International HIV Training CenterProfessor of MedicineSection of Infectious Diseases and Global HealthDepartment of MedicineUniversity of ChicagoChicago, IllinoisTrinh P. Vu, PharmD, BCIDPClinical Pharmacy Specialist in Infectious DiseasesDepartment of Pharmaceutical ServicesEmory University Hospital MidtownAtlanta, GeorgiaTo download the slides:https://bit.ly/3TkT7sJTo view the full online program:https://bit.ly/3TqnNIX

Dr. Ebell and Dr. Wilkes discuss the POEM titled ' Nirmatrelvir/ritonavir (Paxlovid) reduces hospitalization, mortality in patients 65+ with COVID-19; effect on younger patients unclear '

- ထိုင်းဘတ်ငွေတန်ဖိုး မတည်ငြိမ် ဖြစ်နေတဲ့ အပေါ် ဗဟိုဘဏ်က ဘယ်လို အရေးယူဆောင်ရွက်သွားဖို့ ရှိလဲ - မြန်မာပြည်မှာကော ရွှေစျေးတက်နေတာ ဘာကြောင့်လဲ ၊ ရှေ့ဆက် ဖြစ်လာနိင်တဲ့ အလားအလာကို သုံးသပ်ထား - PAXLOVID (Nirmatrelvir 150mg; Ritonavir 100mg) ကိုဗစ်သောက်ဆေးကို ပြည်တွင်းမှာ “PACLOVID ” အမည်နဲ့ ထုတ်လုပ်မှာမို့ သောက်သုံးသင့်လား - ပူတာအိုမှာရှိတဲ့ လုံရှာယန် ကျေးရွာမှာ ဖျားနာကိုက်ခဲ ဖြစ်နေတာ ၂ပတ်ကျော် ရှိလာနေပြီး ဆေးရုံဆေးခန်းမှာ ၀န်ထမ်းတွေ မရှိသလို မြို့တက် ကုသဖို့ကလည်း လောင်စာဆီ စျေးမြင့်မှုကြောင့် အခက်အခဲ ဖြစ်နေတဲ့ အကြောင်းတွေ အပါအ၀င် စနေ မနက်ခင်း နောက်ဆုံးရ မြန်မာနဲ့ နိုင်ငံတကာ သတင်းတွေကို ဘီဘီစီမြန်မာပိုင်းရဲ့ ပေါ့ဒ်ကတ်စ်၊ ဝက်ဘ်ဆိုက်၊ ဖေ့စ်ဘုတ်နဲ့ ယူကျုတို့မှာ တင်ဆက်ပေးနေပါတယ်။ မနက်ပိုင်း ပေါ့ဒ်ကတ်စ် ရယူရန် - https://www.bbc.com/burmese/media-45625862 ညပိုင်း ပေါ့ဒ်ကတ်စ် ရယူရန် - https://www.bbc.com/burmese/media-45625858 ဝက်ဘ်ဆိုက် - https://www.bbcburmese.com ဖေ့စ်ဘွတ်ခ် - https://www.facebook.com/BBCnewsBurmese အင်စတာဂရမ် - https://www.instagram.com/bbcburmese/ ယူကျု - http://youtube.com/thebbcburmese

On this week's episode of Fast Facts - Perio Edition, Katrina Sanders talks to us about the prescription Paxlovid and some associated side effects such as dysgeusia.    Quotes:    “It's an oral antiviral pill that can be taken at home to help keep high risk patients from getting sick and needing to be hospitalized.”   “This additive product is called Ritonavir, and this is an added medicament that is applied to a lot of different antiretroviral drugs.”   “Be sure if you have a patient who has taken paxlovid that you are inquiring about if they're still experiencing Dysgeusia, and if so, how it is that they're managing it.”     Resources:   DentistRX: https://www.dentistrx.com  More Fast Facts: https://www.ataleoftwohygienists.com/fast-facts/    Katrina Sanders Website: https://www.katrinasanders.com  Katrina Sanders Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/thedentalwinegenist/     Brooks, J. K., Song, J. H., & Sultan, A. S. (2022). Paxlovid‐associated dysgeusia.Oral Diseases

On this week's episode of Fast Facts - Perio Edition, Katrina Sanders talks to us about the prescription Paxlovid and some associated side effects such as dysgeusia.    Quotes:    “It's an oral antiviral pill that can be taken at home to help keep high risk patients from getting sick and needing to be hospitalized.”   “This additive product is called Ritonavir, and this is an added medicament that is applied to a lot of different antiretroviral drugs.”   “Be sure if you have a patient who has taken paxlovid that you are inquiring about if they're still experiencing Dysgeusia, and if so, how it is that they're managing it.”     Resources:   DentistRX: https://www.dentistrx.com  More Fast Facts: https://www.ataleoftwohygienists.com/fast-facts/    Katrina Sanders Website: https://www.katrinasanders.com  Katrina Sanders Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/thedentalwinegenist/     Brooks, J. K., Song, J. H., & Sultan, A. S. (2022). Paxlovid‐associated dysgeusia.Oral Diseases

In his weekly clinical update Dr. Griffin discusses antibody response against nonpoliovirus enteroviruses, clinical presentation and virological assessment of confirmed human monkeypox virus cases in Spain, object and surface contamination with monkeypox virus, monkeypox virus infection in humans across 16 countries, clinical characteristics of ambulatory and hospitalized patients with monkeypox virus infection, compassionate use of Tecovirimat for the treatment of monkeypox infection, monitoring of Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine among children, Pfizer and BioNTech announce updated vaccine data supporting efficacy in children, direct capture of neutralized RBD enables rapid point-of-care assessment of SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibody titer, Pfizer and BioNTech submit application for bivalent vaccine, and Oral Nirmatrelvir and Ritonavir in non-hospitalized vaccinated patients with COVID-19. Subscribe (free): Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts, RSS, email Become a patron of TWiV! Links for this episode Antibody response against nonpoliovirus enteroviruses (ASM) Clinical presentation of Monkeypox cases in Spain (The Lancet) Object and surface contamination with Monkeypox virus infection (CDC) Environmental persistence of Monkeypox virus (Emerg Inf Dis) Monkeypox virus infection across 16 countries (NEJM) Clinical characteristics of hospitalization patients with Monkeypox (CMI) Usage of Tecovirimat for treatment of Monkeypox infection (JAMA) PAXLOVID patient eligibility screening checklist (FDA) Remdesivir fact sheet for providers (Veklury)  Bebtelovimab fact sheet for providers (FDA) Monitoring of Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine among children (CDC) Pfizer and BioNTech announce updated vaccine data (Pfizer) Capture of RBD enables point of care assessment (Science Direct) Pfizer and BioNTech submit application for bivalent vaccine (Pfizer) PAXLOVID in non-hospitalized vaccinated patients  Contribute to Floating Doctors fundraiser at PWB Dr. Griffin's treatment guide (pdf) Letters read on TWiV 930 Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks! Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees Send your questions for Dr. Griffin to daniel@microbe.tv

The #1 story in the United States of America should be that Twitter has permanently suspended a journalist in Austin, Texas for tweeting the truth.This is the United States of America and Texas journalists are getting their First Amendment rights violated with permanent suspensions from social media.For telling the truth about Covid and Paxlovid.I knew this day would come.In the very first paragraph of my very first Substack post back on March 26, I predicted that a permanent ban from Twitter was inevitable by November 8, 2022. Twitter hates the truth and people who dare speak of it.So what exactly got @_teddybrosevelt permanently banned from Twitter?Tweeting the truth about Joe Biden and Paxlovid rebound effect. Here's the tweet:Twitter eliminated the spacing and punctuation in their screengrab.Here's the final tweet that triggered a lifetime sentence in Twitter purgatory.TEDDY'S FINAL TWEET:Paxlovid Rebound Effect for quadruple vaxxed Joe Biden and Anthony FauciPaxlovid is made up of Nirmatrelvir + RitonavirRitonavir is an antiviral that prevents HIV from multiplying in your bodyMaybe you shouldn't fight off Corona V with a 5 day regimen of powerful HIV pills EVERYTHING I wrote in that tweet is 100% accurate.Why didn't NBC News get suspended for saying the same thing?TEDDY'S LAST TWEET WAS 100% TRUTH: Quad-vaxxed Biden and Fauci both had Paxlovid ReboundCDC has a specific page on Paxlovid Rebound Paxlovid is made up of Nirmatrelvir + Ritonavir Ritonavir is an antiviral pill that prevents human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) from multiplying in your bodySince Ritonavir makes up damn near half of Paxlovid pill, that means Biden and Fauci took fifteen powerful HIV antiviral pills in five days to fight off a mild respiratory coronavirusMaybe you shouldn't ingest powerful HIV pills to treat a mild respiratory virus, Billy BobLook at that screengrab right above this sentence.It's the FDA Fact Sheet on Paxlovid.LEFT column shows: Paxlovid is just Ritonavir and NirmatrelvirRIGHT column says: ‘Paxlovid is not approved for any use, including for use as treatment of Covid-19 So Twitter permanently banned me for telling the truth about (a) one of the two drugs used to make Paxlovid and (b) what medical condition that drug is normally used to treat. FACT: Ritonavir is an antiviral pill used to treat HIV / AIDS patients, and Biden and Fauci just took that exact same drug 3x a day for five straight days to fight off a coronavirus. There's no doubt in my mind, heart and soul that I'm on the good side of the force in this battle, because the TRUTH is my #1 guiding principle - wherever it may lead.For the record:In the tweet that got me suspended, I included four photos, featuring screengrabs proving that ‘Paxlovid Rebound effect' was making headlines well before yesterday - along with shots showing Biden and Fauci both took Paxlovid and got sick again. Shoulda just posted this one graphic and went out in a blaze of glory.APPEAL DENIED. LIFETIME BAN UPHELD I've already tried appealing the decision, but Twitter denied me and said it's permanent this time.The only option to seek financial and moral revenge and restore my account is by taking Twitter to court like Alex Berensen did. Should I sue the s**t out of them for breach of contract? If the lawyer will take on this slam-dunk case on a pro bono basis, for sure. After all, it does seem like the EXACT SAME SCENARIO that Alex Berensen described in his breach of contract settlement post. FYI: By “won”, I mean he settled out of court and got his Twitter account restored. I'm guessing his settlement check was probably around six figures.Need to write a story on Austin Texas Times about Teddy getting suspended. The should be way more outrage over a beloved independent journalist who wrote the most impactful story in Austin news last week - and has saved taxpayers $20 million over the past two years just by researching the shady companies on the Austin City Council's biweekly agenda - getting permanently suspended from Twitter for telling 100% verifiable truth.Is this China or the United Freaking States of America? You gotta be KIDDING me!!! You can trust the media to tell you the truth about Covid-19 if they figure out a way to kick me off the rest of the Internet.Until next time, just make sure you avoid:Shaking the duvet cover too rigorouslyEating a healthy dietSkipping breakfastLooking at energy billsCold weather and normal weatherThanks for reading Teddy Brosevelt! Subscribe for free to receive new posts and podcasts.Stream ‘The Teddy Brosevelt Show':SpotifyiHeartRadioApple PodcastsTuneIn RadioSubstack This is a public episode. If you would like to discuss this with other subscribers or get access to bonus episodes, visit teddybrosevelt.substack.com

What's the real possible purpose of allowing Paxlovid as a VID treatment? What's the definition of TREATMENT? What is Paxlovid? What is Ritonavir and how is it used with HIV patients? What are the potential side effects? What could be the real cause of allowing Paxlovid under Emergency Use Authorization? Destroying the evidence.

Antiviral agents continue to be effective against different strains of SARS-CoV-2 when used early in the disease course. In this episode, learn about the role of antiviral agents in hospitalized and high-risk nonhospitalized patients with COVID-19 and in different age groups. Listen as David A. Wohl, MD, discusses when and how to use IV and oral antiviral agents including:Nirmatrelvir + ritonavirRemdesivirMolnupiravirPresenter:David A. Wohl, MDProfessor of MedicineSchool of MedicineSite Leader, Global Infectious Diseases Clinical Trials UnitUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel Hill, North CarolinaReview the downloadable slidesets at:https://bit.ly/3Ou4tbELink to full program: https://bit.ly/3EBdf38

Dr. Ebell and Dr. Wilkes discuss the POEM titled ' Nirmatrelvir/ritonavir (Paxlovid) reduces risk of hospitalization in at-risk outpatients (EPIC-HR) '

In this episode, Dr. Christopher Tookey and Dr. Rose Wolbrink talk about the two new pills for COVID; nirmatrelvir/ritonavir (Paxlovid) and molnupiravir (Veklery). We review who should think about these medications if they test postive for COVID.  A disclaimer, we're providing general guidance but everyone is different and you should always discuss with your health care professional management of any disease and therapy before trying anything you discover from a source on the internet (including this podcast). This podcast does not reflect the opinion of our employer. 

Ärzte können seit einer Woche die COVID-Arznei Paxlovid® verordnen. DEGAM-Präsident Scherer und Pfizer-Medizin-Direktor Kalanovic diskutieren im „EvidenzUpdate“, welche Patienten profitieren können.

Can an oral COVID-19 treatment prevent hospitalization and death in unvaccinated patients? Find out about this and more in today's PV Roundup podcast.

Episode 80: Oral Meds for COVID-19. The US department of human health and services recently launched the COVID19 Therapeutics Locator website to allow providers find locations where they can send prescriptions for Paxlovid and Molnupiravir. Find the COVID19 therapeutics locator online: https://arcg.is/iuuW50Yasmin and Arti discuss oral medications under emergency use authorization for COVID-19: Paxlovid and Molnupiravir. Introduction: Meds for COVID-19.  By Hector Arreaza, MD.  For the last 2 years, humanity has faced the challenge to find an effective way to fight COVID-19. This pressing charge has not been free of obstacles. It has been hindered by politics, misinformation, greed, jealousy, and many other not-so positive human traits. For me, living through the pandemic has been somewhat frustrating and shaming. Stupidity, vulgarity, and mediocrity are a few of the attributes that have flourished during the last 2 years all around us. But not everything about the pandemic has been negative. Many talented people with good intentions have engaged in serious research and have made tremendous contributions to science and humanity. Vaccines have been developed using cutting-edge technology and their efficacy has been very positive so far. Many medications have been tried to fight COVID-19 since the beginning. Some clinicians have tried to repurpose old medications in their honest desires to fight COVID-19. Examples include ACE inhibitors, statins, azithromycin, hydroxychloroquine, and chloroquine, which have not proven to be effective against this virus so far. Ivermectin, for example, has been very controversial since the beginning of the pandemic. Ivermectin is not approved by the FDA for the treatment of COVID-19. Until today, the National Institutes of Health do not have enough data to recommend for or against using ivermectin for COVID-19. “Results from adequately powered, well-designed, and well-conducted clinical trials are needed to provide more specific, evidence-based guidance on the role of ivermectin in the treatment of COVID-19.” Ivermectin is still being used by some clinicians in the United States based on personal experience and opinions.At this time, remdesivir (brand name Veklury®) is the only medication approved by the FDA to treat COVID-19. IV remdesivir won full FDA approval in October 2020 for hospitalized patients, and its use has been expanded a couple days ago to include use in non-hospitalized high-risk patients. The NIH recommends against IL-6 inhibitors, such as tocilizumab or sarilumab, in COVID-19 patients who are not in the ICU. At this moment, there is not enough data for the NIH to make a recommendation for patients who are in the ICU. Baricitinib is an oral medication used to treat rheumatoid arthritis authorized in November 2020 to be used in combination with remdesivir for the treatment of COVID-19 in certain hospitalized children and adults who require supplemental oxygen, mechanical ventilation, or Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO). Baricitinib is now authorized to be used without remdesivir against COVID-19 in hospitalized patients. We cannot forget the use of dexamethasone in hospitalized patients requiring oxygen.Today we want to give you a little taste of two oral medications: Paxlovid® and molnupiravir. You will listen to two brave medical students presenting what they have found about these medications. This is Rio Bravo qWeek, your weekly dose of knowledge brought to you by the Rio Bravo Family Medicine Residency Program from Bakersfield, California. Our program is affiliated with UCLA, and it's sponsored by Clinica Sierra Vista, Let Us Be Your Healthcare Home. Paxlovid®.   By Yasmin Fazli, MS3, Ross University School of Medicine.  What is it?Paxlovid® is the first oral treatment for mild-to-moderate coronavirus disease (COVID-19) in patients over 12 years-old to be issued by the FDA. The FDA issued an emergency use authorization (EUA) on December 22, 2021. It is made up of two different medications: nirmatrelvir and ritonavir. Nirmatrelvir is a protease inhibitor while ritonavir helps decrease the breakdown of nirmatrelvir.  The combination authorized is nirmatrelvir 300 mg plus ritonavir 100 mg. You may remember ritonavir use in combination with other antiretrovirals for the treatment of HIV/AIDS. At the end of the 2021, Pfizer announced that results from a trial comparing between Paxlovid® versus a placebo revealed that Paxlovid® reduced proportion of mortality and morbidity by 88% compared to placebo after a 5-day course. When and how to prescribe it?To use Paxlovid® some criteria must be met by the patient. First, a positive result of COVID-19 viral testing, second, the patient must be at high risk for illness progression to a more severe state, including hospitalization and death; and third, the patient must be 12 years or older.  Paxlovid® should be started as soon as possible after diagnosis of COVID-19 and within 5 days of symptom onset. It is to be taken by mouth 2 times a day for 5 days straight with or without food. You take 3 pills twice a day. It is not authorized for more than 5 days.  It is not authorized for the pre-exposure or post-exposure prevention of COVID-19. It's not meant to be a replacement for the vaccine.  Side effects?Possible side effects of Paxlovid® include dysgeusia (altered or impaired sense of taste), diarrhea, increased blood pressure, and myalgia (muscle aches). Nirmatrelvir and ritonavir, which comprise Paxlovid®, also interact with other medications, which may lead to serious or life-threatening adverse reactions.  It's contraindicated in patients taking medications that are dependent on CYP3A metabolism for clearance, for example, warfarin, amiodarone, clozapine, midazolam, sildenafil (for pulmonary hypertension), etc. A list of these medications has been reviewed by the FDA and you can find it online.  Liver problems have occurred in patients receiving ritonavir. Therefore, caution should be exercised when administering Paxlovid® to patients with pre-existing liver diseases, liver enzyme abnormalities, or hepatitis. Furthermore, Paxlovid® is not recommended for patients with severe kidney problems, and if they do use it, the dose should be adjusted.Because nirmatrelvir is co-administered with ritonavir, there may be a risk of HIV-1 developing resistance to HIV protease inhibitors in individuals with uncontrolled or undiagnosed HIV-1 infection. As for pregnancy or lactation, there currently is no data available for it to understand any potential effects on miscarriages, birth defects, or maternal and fetal outcomes. Considering all of this, please review your patients' list of medications and supplements and medical history prior to initiating Paxlovid®.Concerns?Due to its limited clinical data availability, other adverse effects that have not been reported may also occur while using Paxlovid® on top of the side effect list we are aware of. Ritonavir is a well-known medication, but nirmatrelvir is brand new.  Another concern is its limited availability. So even though it has shown positive results, it is not widely available yet, which leads to having to prioritize certain populations such as the unvaccinated patients. This may prove to be a moral and ethical concern.  Effectiveness?There is no long-term data on Paxlovid® yet; however, from what we do know, it is proving to be effective more than placebo by almost 90% which shows much promise. It works against current or previous variants of COVID-19.  EPIC-HR is the randomized, double-blind, 2-arm study done to prove Paxlovid®. It included 2246 patients with laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection, mild to moderate symptoms, and at least one comorbidity with increased risk of developing severe illness from COVID-19. Patients were randomly assigned 1:1 to receive either Paxlovid or placebo orally every 12 hours for 5 days. Results: Paxlovid significantly reduced the risk of COVID-19-related hospitalization or death from any cause by 89% (within 3 days of symptom onset) compared with placebo. Through day 28, 0.7% (5/697) of patients in the Paxlovid® arm were hospitalized compared with 6.5% (44/682) of those in the placebo arm. The study also showed that nobody died taking Paxlovid® while 12 people died taking placebo. These are promising results and Pfizer will be announcing more information on the effectiveness as time passes by.  Pricing?The original pricing was announced to be $530.00; however, it's been added that it'll be at no cost to the people in the United States.  Molnupiravir.   By Arti Patel, MS3, Ross University School of Medicine.  1. What is molnupiravir? Molnupiravir is an antiviral medication that can be used to treat COVID-19. Molnupiravir is a nucleoside analog that inhibits viral replication. The active drug of molnupiravir (N-hydroxycytidine) tricks the RNA polymerase enzyme into incorporating the drug instead of uridine or cytidine. Nucleobases continue to get added to the RNA chain and eventually the new RNA molecule has accumulated enough errors that the virus cannot replicate further.    2. When and how to prescribe it? Molnupiravir is available for Emergency Use Authorization for “mild to moderate COVID-19 disease in adults with positive results of direct viral testing who are at risk of developing severe COVID-19, including hospitalization or death or those in whom alternative COVID-19 treatment options approved by the FDA are not accessible or clinically appropriate.”  FDA provided EUA status on December 23, 2021. It should be taken as soon as COVID-19 is diagnosed, and within 5 days of symptom onset. It is not to be used as a method to prevent COVID-19 disease. Not for prophylaxis.  Benefits of treatment have not been seen after hospitalization, so administration of molnupiravir in patients hospitalized due to COVID-19 is not recommended. Adults above the age of 18 should take 800 mg orally every 12 hours for 5 days, with or without food. Use for longer than 5 days has not been studied.  3. Side effects? Most common adverse effects are diarrhea, nausea, and vomiting.  4. Concerns? Pediatric patients: Molnupiravir may not be used in patients under the age of 18 due to effects on bone and cartilage growth. Studies in rats with repeated doses of molnupiravir showed bone and cartilage toxicity.  Pregnancy: Fetal toxicity was observed when given to pregnant individuals in animal reproduction studies. Risk of adverse maternal or fetal outcomes or birth defects have not been studied in humans as of now. Use of molnupiravir in pregnant individuals may be considered once the prescribing physician has assessed the potential risks and benefits. Prior to initiating treatment of molnupiravir, if clinically indicated, assess whether a patient is pregnant. If a patient is having irregular menstrual cycles, first day last menstrual period is unknown, or patient is not using an effective method of contraception, a pregnancy test is advised.  Females of childbearing age are advised to use an effective method of contraception while under treatment of molnupiravir and for 4 days after the final dose. Effects of molnupiravir on sperm are not known, thus effective contraception must be used while under treatment of molnupiravir and for 3 months after the last dose.  Additionally, breastfeeding is not recommended during treatment and for 4 days after the last dose.  5. Effectiveness? Although molnupiravir is not substitute in patients for whom COVID-19 vaccination and booster are recommended, it can be used for treatment of non-hospitalized patients with COVID-19 who have a high risk of progression to severe disease.  In, MOVe-OUT, a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial, almost 7% of about 700 individuals who received molnupiravir were hospitalized compared to almost 10% of 700 individuals who received the placebo. During the follow up period, one person who received molnupiravir died compared to 9 people who received the placebo. The safety and effectiveness of molnupiravir continues to be studied.  Availability and pricing?Not available in pharmacies yet, and preliminary pricing for a 5-day course of molnupiravir was about $700. Conclusion of episode:Now we conclude our episode number 80 “Oral Meds for COVID-19.” We hope you got enough information about these two medications: Pax-lovid and Mol-nu-pira-vir. Remember that they are authorized (not approved yet) by the FDA for the treatment of COVID-19. They are both oral medications, taken twice a day for 5 days. Their use in pregnant patients is not recommended yet. Paxlovid can be used in patients older than 12 years old, and molnupiravir in patients older than 18 years old. We'll keep learning together about these medications in the future. Even without trying, every night you go to bed being a little wiser.Thanks for listening to Rio Bravo qWeek. If you have any feedback about this podcast, contact us by email RioBravoqWeek@clinicasierravista.org, or visit our website riobravofmrp.org/qweek. This podcast was created with educational purposes only. Visit your primary care physician for additional medical advice. This week we thank Hector Arreaza, Arti Patel and Yasmin Fazli. Audio edition: Suraj Amrutia. See you next week! _____________________References:F.D.A. Approves Remdesivir for Patients Not Hospitalized, The New York Times, nytimes.com, January, 21, 2022, https://www.nytimes.com/2022/01/21/world/remdesivir-fda-approval-expanded-covid.html. “Frequently Asked Questions on the Emergency Use Authorization for Paxlovid for Treatment of COVID-19”, U.S. Food and Drug, December 22, 2021, https://www.fda.gov/media/155052/download. Accessed on Jan 24, 2022. “Pfizer Receives U.S. FDA Emergency Use Authorization for Novel COVID-19 Oral Antiviral Treatment,” pfizer.com, December 22, 2021. https://www.pfizer.com/news/press-release/press-release-detail/pfizer-receives-us-fda-emergency-use-authorization-novel.  Ahmad, B., Batool, M., Ain, Q. U., Kim, M. S., & Choi, S. (2021). Exploring the Binding Mechanism of PF-07321332 SARS-CoV-2 Protease Inhibitor through Molecular Dynamics and Binding Free Energy Simulations. International journal of molecular sciences, 22(17), 9124. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22179124 Coronavirus (COVID-19) Update: FDA Authorizes Additional Oral Antiviral for Treatment of COVID-19 in Certain Adults, fda.gov, December 23, 2021. https://www.fda.gov/news-events/press-announcements/coronavirus-covid-19-update-fda-authorizes-additional-oral-antiviral-treatment-covid-19-certain. Accessed on January 24, 2022. Fact Sheet for Healthcare Providers: Emergency Use Authorization for Molnupiravir, fad.gov, December 23, 2021, https://www.fda.gov/media/155054/download, accessed on January 24, 2022. 

小額贊助支持本節目： https://pay.firstory.me/user/linshibi 之前12月23日有一集podcast談談口服藥的新進展。1月24日台灣自購首批新冠口服藥也來到台灣，將於農曆春節前加入台灣防疫前線。另外我們也有購買兩萬人療程的輝瑞藥物。這集來談談兩個藥物的差別，也順便提提今日台灣疫情解讀。 默沙東口服藥首批抵台 春節前加入防疫前線 https://www.cna.com.tw/news/ahel/202201240047.aspx 首批莫納皮拉韋清晨抵達桃園國際機場，這也是台灣首批COVID-19口服藥。經辦理通關程序後，將於農曆春節前加入台灣防疫前線，將全力配合指揮中心調配，儘速提供給需要的病人。 默沙東也提到，感謝衛生福利部支持，去年7月莫納皮拉韋全球第3期臨床試驗於台灣執行，收集本土數據。除與全球同步加速藥品研發，逐步實現COVID-19口服抗病毒藥對台灣的疫情控制及醫療量能上做出貢獻外，也說明台灣生技製藥競爭力及投資環境指標與全球並駕齊驅。 默沙東指出，莫納皮拉韋1月13日正式取得衛福部食品藥物管理署的EUA許可，未來經由醫師醫囑可評估用於治療發病5天內、具有重症風險因子的成人輕度至中度COVID-19確診者，且臨床上不適用其他治療選擇時，確實完成1天2次、連續5天的完整療程。 附上之前的整理： 1.美國FDA分別於22日和23日批准輝瑞還有默克生產的新冠口服抗病毒藥物在家使用。但這都要經過醫師處方才能使用。 2.FDA批准輝瑞生產的新冠口服抗病毒藥物Paxlovid，須在症狀開始5天內服用，可用於在家治療高危險成人病患，以及12歲以上兒童。2085人臨床試驗顯示，高風險重症因子患者在服用默克口服藥後，住院和死亡情形可減少88%。最近實驗室數據顯示，該藥物也對Omicron變異株有效。 3.PAXLOVID是蛋白酶抑制劑的組合，一個劑量包含了兩顆新藥nirmatrelvir還有一顆老藥抗愛滋藥物低劑量ritonavir。加入Ritonavir的目的不是抗病毒效果，而是減緩新藥代謝的速度，從而增加新藥濃度。這是在抗愛滋藥物中已經經過長期使用的做法。一天隔12小時服用，療程五天，所以總共要吃30顆錠劑。 4.默克研發的口服藥Molnupiravir莫納皮拉韋也須在症狀開始5天內服用。1408人臨床試驗顯示，高風險重症因子患者在服用默克口服藥後，住院和死亡情形可減少3成。 5.莫納皮拉韋一個劑量要吃四顆膠囊，一天隔12小時服用，療程五天，所以總共要吃40顆膠囊。 6.不同於輝瑞，此藥只被批准於18歲以上成人使用。由於效果分別是近九成和三成，美國FDA在默克的新聞稿上寫著是在其他的治療無法獲得或是臨床上不適合使用的狀況下才使用，感覺是把它擺在第二線。 FDA強調，口服藥應該作為輔助，而非取代疫苗，疫苗仍是抗疫的首要手段。 04b解讀： 1.既生瑜，何生亮....出來了一個降低住院風險30%的，為何又來一個降低88%的....這兩個藥物抗病毒的機轉不同，即使一個產生抗藥性，另外一個還可以用。抗新冠的武器越多越好！選擇越多，可能價錢也比較有機會降低吧！ 2.是否輝瑞的藥效真的比默克好這麼多？未必。默克在第一次其中分析時安慰劑組有14.1%住院，輝瑞則是6.7%，後來全部分析完則分別是9.7%和6%。輝瑞效力差不多，默克則從50降到30%。我想應該是默克後來收案的案例已風險沒有這麼高的人居多，因此就稀釋掉了他的效果。而兩案各自僅是2085人和1408人分析的結果，樣本數其實沒有太多，還是有誤差的可能。接下來美國英國應該都會使用這兩個藥，會有真實世界的數據出來，讓我們拭目以待。 3.提醒大家，藥物和疫苗是相輔相成的，英國和美國監管單位強調，此藥不是要取代疫苗，疫苗還是很重要，提醒民眾要繼續打疫苗。 4.且對於一般人來說，至少在初期應該是無法隨意取得這些口服藥。首先這應該會是醫師處方，另外你必須要在有症狀五天內，再來還需要有容易重症的風險因子，才有機會服用這些口服藥。所以，如果你是50歲以下完全沒有任何慢性病，還是乖乖去打疫苗比較實際啦。 5.就算你符合用藥條件，如果有一天你得病了，你當然是希望可以的話盡量減低重症的風險呀！疫苗還有這兩個藥物，各自的作用機轉都不相同，疫苗可以降低約90%的重症住院風險，藥物再可以降30%和88%，這些是有機會可以疊加上去的效果。是我的話我當然都要。 新冠口服藥物懶人包 https://linshibi.com/?p=39749 Powered by Firstory Hosting

Quadro resumo dos ensaios clínicos - Link EPIC-HR Trial - Link

Here are the links for everything discussed in Episode 74. Times are also below so feel free to skip around and get to the updates that interest you.  (1:12) New EUA issued for Pfizers Paxlovid, and new COVID antiviral treatment (7:25) FDA makes several update to Pfizers COVID vaccine EUA CDC website for COVID information - get boosted!Connect with The Rx Daily Dose:Twitter      Instagram      YouTube      Linkedin       WebsiteEmail: therxdailydose@gmail.comConnect with Ian Parnigoni PharmD. on social media:Twitter       Instagram       Linkedin  ★ Support this podcast on Patreon ★

In this episode, Karen Ha, MD, explores recommendations and data on the role of PIs in current practice.Listen as she gives her perspectives on:DHHS guideline recommendations on the use of PI-based ARTData from the DIAMOND study on the use of boosted DRV for rapid initiationData from the EARNEST and NADIA studies on the use of PI-based ART with NRTI resistanceConsiderations for the use of PIs in patients with cardiovascular risk, including data from the D:A:D studyKey drug–drug interaction considerations with the use of PIsPresenter:Karen Ha, MDAssistant Professor of MedicineDivision of Infectious DiseasesDepartment of MedicineCooper University HospitalCooper Medical School of Rowan UniversityCamden, New JerseyFollow along with the slides at: https://bit.ly/3zvO6EBSee the entire program at:https://bit.ly/2TXTYWx

小額贊助支持本節目： https://pay.firstory.me/user/linshibi 這集podcast談談口服藥的新進展。 1.美國FDA分別於22日和23日批准輝瑞還有默克生產的新冠口服抗病毒藥物在家使用。但這都要經過醫師處方才能使用。 2.FDA批准輝瑞生產的新冠口服抗病毒藥物Paxlovid，須在症狀開始5天內服用，可用於在家治療高危險成人病患，以及12歲以上兒童。2085人臨床試驗顯示，高風險重症因子患者在服用默克口服藥後，住院和死亡情形可減少88%。最近實驗室數據顯示，該藥物也對Omicron變異株有效。 3.PAXLOVID是蛋白酶抑制劑的組合，一個劑量包含了兩顆新藥nirmatrelvir還有一顆老藥抗愛滋藥物低劑量ritonavir。加入Ritonavir的目的不是抗病毒效果，而是減緩新藥代謝的速度，從而增加新藥濃度。這是在抗愛滋藥物中已經經過長期使用的做法。一天隔12小時服用，療程五天，所以總共要吃30顆錠劑。 4.默克研發的口服藥Molnupiravir莫納皮拉韋也須在症狀開始5天內服用。1408人臨床試驗顯示，高風險重症因子患者在服用默克口服藥後，住院和死亡情形可減少3成。 5.莫納皮拉韋一個劑量要吃四顆膠囊，一天隔12小時服用，療程五天，所以總共要吃40顆膠囊。 6.不同於輝瑞，此藥只被批准於18歲以上成人使用。由於效果分別是近九成和三成，美國FDA在默克的新聞稿上寫著是在其他的治療無法獲得或是臨床上不適合使用的狀況下才使用，感覺是把它擺在第二線。 FDA強調，口服藥應該作為輔助，而非取代疫苗，疫苗仍是抗疫的首要手段。 04b解讀： 1.既生瑜，何生亮....出來了一個降低住院風險30%的，為何又來一個降低88%的....這兩個藥物抗病毒的機轉不同，即使一個產生抗藥性，另外一個還可以用。抗新冠的武器越多越好！選擇越多，可能價錢也比較有機會降低吧！ 2.是否輝瑞的藥效真的比默克好這麼多？未必。默克在第一次其中分析時安慰劑組有14.1%住院，輝瑞則是6.7%，後來全部分析完則分別是9.7%和6%。輝瑞效力差不多，默克則從50降到30%。我想應該是默克後來收案的案例已風險沒有這麼高的人居多，因此就稀釋掉了他的效果。而兩案各自僅是2085人和1408人分析的結果，樣本數其實沒有太多，還是有誤差的可能。接下來美國英國應該都會使用這兩個藥，會有真實世界的數據出來，讓我們拭目以待。 3.提醒大家，藥物和疫苗是相輔相成的，英國和美國監管單位強調，此藥不是要取代疫苗，疫苗還是很重要，提醒民眾要繼續打疫苗。 4.且對於一般人來說，至少在初期應該是無法隨意取得這些口服藥。首先這應該會是醫師處方，另外你必須要在有症狀五天內，再來還需要有容易重症的風險因子，才有機會服用這些口服藥。所以，如果你是50歲以下完全沒有任何慢性病，還是乖乖去打疫苗比較實際啦。 5.就算你符合用藥條件，如果有一天你得病了，你當然是希望可以的話盡量減低重症的風險呀！疫苗還有這兩個藥物，各自的作用機轉都不相同，疫苗可以降低約90%的重症住院風險，藥物再可以降30%和88%，這些是有機會可以疊加上去的效果。是我的話我當然都要。 新冠口服藥物懶人包 https://linshibi.com/?p=39749 美批准輝瑞口服藥在家使用 限12歲以上兒童、高危險成人病患 https://www.cna.com.tw/news/firstnews/202112230007.aspx FDA新聞稿 https://www.fda.gov/news-events/press-announcements/coronavirus-covid-19-update-fda-authorizes-first-oral-antiviral-treatment-covid-19 美FDA批准默沙東口服藥 增加COVID-19療法選項 https://www.cna.com.tw/news/firstnews/202112240005.aspx FDA新聞稿 https://www.fda.gov/news-events/press-announcements/coronavirus-covid-19-update-fda-authorizes-additional-oral-antiviral-treatment-covid-19-certain 英國採購COVID-19口服藥 縮短確診者隔離時間 https://www.cna.com.tw/news/aopl/202112220355.aspx 對抗Omicron 數據顯示Novavax疫苗有效 https://www.cna.com.tw/news/aopl/202112230204.aspx 歡迎追蹤前台大感染科醫師。04b的發聲管道！ 我的電子名片 https://lit.link/linshibi 希望大家當我的種子教師，推廣正確的新冠衛教。科學防疫，不要只以恐懼防疫！ 歡迎贊助林氏璧孔醫師喝咖啡，讓我可以在這個紛亂的時代，繼續分享知識努力做正確新冠相關衛教。 https://pay.firstory.me/user/linshibi Powered by Firstory Hosting

  Vidcast:  https://youtu.be/SZG20jo_yII   You've heard about it on TV and radio, and the headlines trumpet something like “Pfizer says its CoVid pill is near 90% effective.” Well….. let's take a closer look at the available data   Pfizer's Paxlovid is combination therapy including a novel protease inhibitor nirmatrelvir or PF-07321332 and an antiviral cytochrome inhibitor Ritonavir.  When these two drugs in separate pills are taken every 12 hours for 5 days beginning within the first days after symptom onset, they prevent hospitalizations and deaths for high-risk persons by 89%.  High risk would be older patients and those with complicating medical problems such as diabetes and cardiovascular disease. This according to a new analysis of 2200 participants.  An earlier study showed the Paxlovid drug combo to be 70% effective for those in a standard risk category.   This is exciting news, but there is a sketchy side.  First, all the information we see, hear, and read only comes from Pfizer press releases not from their actual submission to the FDA for the Emergency Use Authorization.  As a medical journalist with NIH research experience, I want to see the actual data.   Then there is what we don't know about the Pfizer CoVid pill.  What will suppressing rather than preventing CoVid do regarding long CoVid?  Will the pill prevent the lingering symptoms of fatigue, fogginess, and chronic aching?  Will Paxlovid prevent CoVid from damaging your vital organs including your lungs with chronic scarring and slow suffocation, your heart with myocarditis and congestive heart failure, your brain with encephalitis, your kidneys with renal failure, your liver with cirrhosis, and your pancreas with diabetes.    The better strategy is to avoid contracting the many variants of CoVid in the first place by maintaining immunity against CoVid by vaccination and timely boosting, by strategic and sometimes double masking, and by avoiding virus aerosols indoors and in dense crowds.   https://bit.ly/321lkyS https://sites.dartmouth.edu/dujs/2021/12/08/pfizers-new-covid-19-drug-paxlovid/   #CoVid #pfizer #proteaseinhibitor #paxlovid #bigpharma CoVid, pfizer, proteaseinhibitor, paxlovid, bigpharma

Is a sterilizing cure of HIV-1 infection possible? Find out about this and more in today's PV Roundup podcast.

Shirika la Umoja wa Mataifa la kufanikisha upatikanaji wa dawa za tiba kwa gharama,  nafuu, UNITAID, leo limetangaza makubaliano ya kuwezesha dawa ya kutibu ugonjwa wa Corona, COVID-19 kutoka kampuni ya Pfizer ipatikane kwa gharama nafuu kwa nchi za kipato cha chini na kati.  Taarifa ya Anold Kayanda Msemaji wa UNITAID Hervé Verhoosel ametangaza hayo leo huko Geneva, Uswisi wakati akizungumza na waandishi wa habari akisema makubaliano hayo ya hiari ni kupitia mpango wa kurahisisha upatikanaji wa hataza za dawa au MPP ulioanzishwa na shirika hilo ili nchi za kipato cha chini na kati ziweze kumudu dawa za kuokoa maisha. Dawa hiyo PF-07321332 ambayo bado iko kwenye mchakato wa kuidhinishwa na shirika la Umoja wa Mataifa la afya ulimwenguni, WHO inatumika kwa kuchanganywa pamoja na dozi kidogo ya dawa aina ya Ritonavir. “Makubaliano ya leo yanaamanisha kuwa MPP itawezesha uzalishaji wa nyongeza na usambazaji wa dawa hiyo, ambapo kampuni zenye sifa za kutengeneza dawa kwa gharama nafuu zitapatiwa leseni ya kufanya hivyo ili zipatikane kwa wingi,” amesema Verhoosel. Kampuni husika zitatengeneza dawa hiyo kwa ajili ya nchi 95 zikiwemo za Afrika zilizo kusini mwa jangwa la Sahara na hivyo kufikia asilimia 53 ya wakazi wa dunia. Pfizer haitopokea mrahaba za mauzo ya dawa hizo kwa nchi za kipato cha chini na pia itaondoa malipo hayo kwa mauzo ya dawa hizo kwa nchi zilizotajwa kwenye makubaliano hayo kwa kipindi chote ambacho COVID-19 itasalia kuwa janga la afya kwa umma duniani. Bwana Verhoosel amesema hii ni mara ya kwanza kwa dawa hii kupatiwa leseni ya kuzalishwa kwa gharama nafuu na ni hatua muhimu kusaidia kuhakikisha kuwa mbinu mpya za kukabili COVID-19 zinapatikana nchi za kipato cha chini na kati kwa wakati ule ule ambapo dawa hizo zinapatikana katika nchi tajiri.  

In this episode, the editorial team discussed Pfizer's new oral antiviral pill for the treatment of COVID-19. Pfizer released data from an interim analysis of a Phase III trial evaluating the drug, which shows that it can reduce the risk of hospitalizations by almost 90 percent. It also prevented COVID-19 related deaths in the study. The results were so strong that an independent data monitoring committee and the FDA told Pfizer they could stop enrolling participants in the trial. Ayesha and the team discussed the convenience of an oral medication for COVID-19, and how such drugs appear to be more accepted than preventative vaccines among some circles of people.The podcast also features a discussion on the recent FDA approval of AbbVie's eyedrop for the treatment of presbyopia, or age-related deficits in near vision. The condition is currently treated with prescription “reading glasses” or contact lenses. With almost half of all adult Americans having the condition, there is a significant market for new treatments in the area. The editorial team discussed the advantages of an eyedrop over glasses, and how personal preferences may dictate what patients choose. Read the full articles here: Pfizer's COVID-19 Antiviral Pill Cuts Hospitalizations by 90 Percent and May Eliminate All DeathsFDA Approves AbbVie's Vuity as the First Eyedrop for PresbyopiaFor more life science and medical device content, visit the Xtalks Vitals homepage.Follow Us on Social MediaTwitter: @Xtalks Instagram: @Xtalks Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/Xtalks.Webinars/ LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/company/xtalks-webconferences YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/c/XtalksWebinars/featured

When will young children be able to receive the COVID-19 vaccine? Find out about this and more in today's PV Roundup podcast.

In this series of 3 episodes, Geeta Gupta, MD, discusses strategies for optimizing ART in heavily treatment–experienced patients with HIV, including management of virologic failure and switching ART in virologically suppressed patients with underlying resistance. The 3 episodes will include analyses from:BENCHMRK, which demonstrated that the number of active drugs predicts outcomes in treatment-experienced patientsTMB-301, a study that added the monoclonal antibody ibalizumab in pretreated patients with multidrug-resistant HIV and demonstrated significant decreases in HIV-1 RNABRIGHTE, which showed that the addition of fostemsavir in heavily treatment–experienced patients with HIV led to a significant decrease in HIV-1 RNAVIKING-3, a study that demonstrated the addition of DTG dosed BID in INI-resistant patients was effective in decreasing HIV-1 RNASWITCHMRK, a study that showed underlying resistance matters when deciding to switch regimens in a treatment-experienced, virologically suppressed patient, especially when switching to a regimen with a low barrier to resistanceDAWNING, a study that demonstrated that DTG, when added to 2 NRTIs, was superior to RTV-boosted LPV in patients with virologic failure on an NNRTI plus 2 NRTIsBRAAVE, which evaluated safety and efficacy of switching to BIC/FTC/TAF in Black patients virologically suppressed on 2 NRTIs plus a third agentIn addition, Dr. Gupta reviews current DHHS ART guideline recommendations related to managing virologic failure, including drug resistance testing and drug selection, as well as switching recommendations in patients with viral suppression and underlying drug resistance.Presenter:Geeta Gupta, MDProfessorDirector, AIDS Education and Training CenterUniversity of California, IrvineOrange, CaliforniaFollow along with the slides at:https://bit.ly/3zxKBfLContent based on an online CME program supported by an educational grant from ViiV Healthcare.Link to full program:https://bit.ly/3ux6FF8

In this series of 3 episodes, Geeta Gupta, MD, discusses strategies for optimizing ART in heavily treatment–experienced patients with HIV, including management of virologic failure and switching ART in virologically suppressed patients with underlying resistance. The 3 episodes will include analyses from:BENCHMRK, which demonstrated that the number of active drugs predicts outcomes in treatment-experienced patientsTMB-301, a study that added the monoclonal antibody ibalizumab in pretreated patients with multidrug-resistant HIV and demonstrated significant decreases in HIV-1 RNA  BRIGHTE, which showed that the addition of fostemsavir in heavily treatment–experienced patients with HIV led to a significant decrease in HIV-1 RNA  VIKING-3, a study that demonstrated the addition of DTG dosed BID in INI-resistant patients was effective in decreasing HIV-1 RNASWITCHMRK, a study that showed underlying resistance matters when deciding to switch regimens in a treatment-experienced, virologically suppressed patient, especially when switching to a regimen with a low barrier to resistanceDAWNING, a study that demonstrated that DTG, when added to 2 NRTIs, was superior to RTV-boosted LPV in patients with virologic failure on an NNRTI plus 2 NRTIsBRAAVE, which evaluated safety and efficacy of switching to BIC/FTC/TAF in Black patients virologically suppressed on 2 NRTIs plus a third agentIn addition, Dr. Gupta reviews current DHHS ART guideline recommendations related to managing virologic failure, including drug resistance testing and drug selection, as well as switching recommendations in patients with viral suppression and underlying drug resistance.Presenter:Geeta Gupta, MDProfessorDirector, AIDS Education and Training CenterUniversity of California, IrvineOrange, CaliforniaFollow along with the slides at:https://bit.ly/3zxKBfLContent based on an online CME program supported by an educational grant from ViiV Healthcare.Link to full program:https://bit.ly/3ux6FF8

In this series of 3 episodes, Geeta Gupta, MD, discusses strategies for optimizing ART in heavily treatment–experienced patients with HIV, including management of virologic failure and switching ART in virologically suppressed patients with underlying resistance. The 3 episodes will include analyses from:BENCHMRK, which demonstrated that the number of active drugs predicts outcomes in treatment-experienced patientsTMB-301, a study that added the monoclonal antibody ibalizumab in pretreated patients with multidrug-resistant HIV and demonstrated significant decreases in HIV-1 RNABRIGHTE, which showed that the addition of fostemsavir in heavily treatment–experienced patients with HIV led to a significant decrease in HIV-1 RNA  VIKING-3, a study that demonstrated the addition of DTG dosed BID in INI-resistant patients was effective in decreasing HIV-1 RNASWITCHMRK, a study that showed underlying resistance matters when deciding to switch regimens in a treatment-experienced, virologically suppressed patient, especially when switching to a regimen with a low barrier to resistanceDAWNING, a study that demonstrated that DTG, when added to 2 NRTIs, was superior to RTV-boosted LPV in patients with virologic failure on an NNRTI plus 2 NRTIsBRAAVE, which evaluated safety and efficacy of switching to BIC/FTC/TAF in Black patients virologically suppressed on 2 NRTIs plus a third agentIn addition, Dr. Gupta reviews current DHHS ART guideline recommendations related to managing virologic failure, including drug resistance testing and drug selection, as well as switching recommendations in patients with viral suppression and underlying drug resistance.Presenter:Geeta Gupta, MDProfessorDirector, AIDS Education and Training CenterUniversity of California, IrvineOrange, CaliforniaFollow along with the slides at:https://bit.ly/3zxKBfLContent based on an online CME program supported by an educational grant from ViiV Healthcare.Link to full program:https://bit.ly/3ux6FF8

Báje a falošné liečivá na koronavírus sa šíria celým svetom a predstavujú skutočné riziko pre verejnosťa zdravie i bezpečnosť jednotlivcov. Aby sme pozastavili šírenie týchto bludov, vysypeme aspoň najčastejšie liečebné povery. Pandémia COVIDu-19 je sprevádzaná podľa výrazu Svetovej zdravotníckej organizácie (WHO) aj infodémiou - teda epidémiou bludov, dezinformácií, konšpiračných teórií a aj bájnych predstáv. Aby sme pozastavili šírenie týchto bludov, požiadali sme mimoriadneho profesora Austrálskej národnej univerzity (ANU), profesora medicíny a infekčných chorôb Sandžaju Senanajakeho, aby vysvetlil, čo hovorí veda na všelijaké báje a názory, ktoré kolujú na internete o COVIDe-19. [[{"fid":"1891755","view_mode":"body_content","uuid":"cb9fc5fb-3ee7-4712-bc07-b204d16d8d57","type":"media","attributes":{"height":"486","width":"700","alt":"Prof Sanjay ","title":"Associate Professor Sanjaya Senanayake.","class":"media-element file-body-content"}}]] Mýtus: Mladým zdravým ľuďom sa nič nestane, ak chytia vírus, iba starší a ľudia s komplikáciami sú vystavení veľkej hrozbe. Prof. Senanajake: ,,Vieme, že ľudia s najväčším rizikom dostať naozaj zlú a vážnu chrípku COVID-19 sú tí starší, osobitne nad 65-70 rokov a ľudia s jestvujúcimi zdravotnými ťažkosťami. Napriek tomu sme videli aj mladých, zdravých ľudí veľmi chorých na COVID-19, ktorí skončili v intenzívnej starostlivosti, ba aj zomreli. Takže hoci šance mladších a zdravších dostať vážny a život ohrozujúci priebeh nákazy sú naozaj veľmi malé, sú tu a nie sú nulové. Pokiaľ vieme, zomreli aj takí, čo boli úplne zdraví." Napríklad asi zo štvrť milióna obetí nákazy vo svete, aspoň 20 z nich boli deti. Pravda, nevieme, či tieto deti boli celkom zdravé predtým." [[{"fid":"371205","view_mode":"body_content","uuid":"f3f15b0d-323d-4166-b61c-b8019ab36389","type":"media","attributes":{"height":"394","width":"700","alt":"elderly person","class":"media-element file-body-content"}}]] Mýtus: Ultrafialové lúče Slnka zničia vystavený koronavírus, takže pri opaľovaní sa nám nič nestane a ochránime sa pred vírusom. Prof. Senanajake: ,,Máme nejaké dôkazy, že tieto lúče môžu trochu pomôcť pri iných druhoch chrípky, ale nie veľké. Lúče UVC, tretí typ slnečných lúčov po druhu A a B, s najnižšou vlnovou dĺžkou, vedia síce účinne pôsobiť na koronavírus, ale sú dokázateľne zhubné pre ľudské telo, a preto nebezpečné. Teraz sa skúmajú tieto lúče UVC a jedna časť z nich, takzvané ľahké alebo ďaleké UVC nie sú až také škodlivé pre človeka, ale naozaj zaberajú proti vírusom a baktériám. Chýba nám však ešte dôkladnejší výskum." Mýtus: Konzumovanie cesnaku, vitamínu D a niektorých byliniek nás ochráni pred koronavírusom. Prof. Senanajake: ,,Nemáme na to vedecké dôkazy. Áno, môže sa stať, že po zjedení cesnaku sa budete cítiť lepšie, nič proti, cesnak je zdravý, ale to nie je dôkaz, a neberte cesnak v nádeji, že zničí COVID-19." Mýtus: Pitie alkoholu, horúcej vody alebo citronády vám vyčistí hrdlo od koronavírusu. Prof. Senanajake: ,,Pitie horúcej vody a alkoholu vám môže priniesť lepší pocit v hrdle, ale nezabije vírus. Nemá to antivírusové účinky." Mýtus: Vírus žije niekoľko dní v hrdle, kým sa dostane do pľúc a nakazí ich. Medzitým vysoká horúčka zničí vírus, takže pitie horúcej vody zastaví chorobu. Prof. Senanajake: ,,Vírus naozaj začína v nose a hrdle, ale ako som povedal vyššie, horúca voda nezabije vírus." Mýtus: Časté pitie vody spláchne vírus do žalúdka a tam ho kyseliny zničia, takže sa nedostane na priedušky. Prof. Senanajake: ,,Ani na toto nie sú dôkazy. Jestvuje veľa zdravých dôvodov, prečo treba piť tekutiny, ale nie na COVID-19. Našli sa aj stopy vírusu COVID-19 v ľudskej stolici, takže určite prežil v žalúdku a kyseliny ho nezabili." Mýtus: Pitie ostrých alkoholických nápojov ako whiskey sterilizuje naše hrdlo a zabije vírus. Prof. Senanajake: ,,Nie, nie sú dôkazy o tom, že nápoje s vysokým percentom alkoholu zabijú vírus, ale sú také, že ostrý alkohol môže mať iné neblahé účinky na organizmus. Podozrievam, že táto domnienka pramení z toho, že mnohé dezinfekčné a sanitačné prostriedky na báze alkoholu majú dobré čistiace účinky na likvidáciu vírusu na povrchoch, ba aj na rukách, no niečo iné je vnútro tela." [[{"fid":"1877670","view_mode":"body_content","uuid":"c2d95e4d-37aa-4f60-8e02-b049d5e31d24","type":"media","attributes":{"height":"394","width":"700","alt":"hands applying sanitiser","class":"media-element file-body-content"}}]]Mýtus: Liek proti HIV zvaný PrEP nás môže ochrániť proti nakazeniu koronavírusom. Prof. Senanajake: ,,Toto sa asi objavilo, pretože máme liek na HIV ako kombináciu liečiv Lopinavir a Ritonavir, ktorý sa predpokladal ako aktívny proti koronavírusu. Avšak náhodné kontroly a skúšky priniesli sklamanie a bolo to zverejnené v časopise New England Journal of Medicine - https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMoa2001282 Neznamená to, že to odmietame, že by nemohol mať nejaké účinky, ale tento výskum ich neukázal a miusíme si počkať na ďalšie. A aj keby našli nejaké aktivity PrEP, neznamená to, že lieky na HIV zaberú proti koronavírusu." Mýtus: Vraj zaberá liek na maláriu zvaný Hydroxychloroquine. Prof. Senanajake: ,,Toto sa ešte musí preveriť, lebo v laboratóriách nemal žiadne účinky, ale v niektorých klinických skúškach zaberal, v iných nie. Ďalší problém tohto lieku je jeho nebezpečenstvo vedľajších účinkov najmä na srdce, tlkot srdca." Mýtus: Častejšie kúpanie v horúcej vode môže zastaviť koronavírus. Prof. Senanajake: ,,Toto nie je ničím podložené." Mýtus: Kloktanie a vymývanie sínusov slanou vodou zabráni infekcii. Prof. Senanajake: ,,Ak máte upchatý nos, malo by to pomôcť trochu ho uvoľniť, ale nezabije to koronavírus." Mýtus: Mobilná sieť 5G roznáša nákazu COVID-19 a znižuje našu odolnosť. Prof. Senanajake: ,,Nie sú žiadne dôkazy o tom, žeby sieť 5G znižovala odolnosť organizmu. Technicky nepoznám systém 5G, ale koronavírus šarapatí aj v krajinách, kde 5G vôbec nemajú." [[{"fid":"1890912","view_mode":"body_content","uuid":"badd72b6-e31c-4d61-97a8-451857799b52","type":"media","attributes":{"height":"394","width":"700","alt":"trolley","class":"media-element file-body-content"}}]] Otázka: Môžem dostať vírus nakupovaním v supermarkete? Prof. Senanajake: ,,Teoreticky vieme, že sa nákaza šíri aj kvapôčkami. Keď ľudia blízko kýchajú alebo kašľú, môžu ju roznášať. Kvapôčky potom sadajú na povrch, na pulty, na vozíky, takže teoreticky je možné, že sa nakazíte aj v obchode, ak sa tam dotknete infikovaných predmetov, alebo stojíte blízko niekoho, kto nákazu roznáša. Práve preto, vždy keď niekam ideme, často si musíme umývať ruky mydlom alebo sanitačne. [Ale] aj keď sa vírus dostane na vaše ruky, neznamená to, že ste už nakazený. Ešte máte možnosť sa toho zbaviť mydlom a vodou, toto ho zabije. V žiadnom prípade však neumytými rukami nesiahajte na svoju tvár, nos, ústa, oči. Môžete až po umytí rúk." Otázka: Môžem dostať vírus, ak niekto kýchne aj ďaleko odo mňa? Prof. Senanajake: ,,Jedna štúdia hovorí, že vírus vie po kašli a kýchnutí dosiahnuť aj 8 metrov, ale to je iba jedna štúdia. My si myslíme, že ľudia by mali byť od seba najmenej 1,5 metra. Otázka: Ak nakazená osoba nekašle a nekýcha, môže aj tak roznášať koronavírus? Prof. Senanajake: ,,Máme dve definície. My považujeme za blízky kontakt z lekárskeho hľadiska niekoho, s ktorým ste strávili aspoň 15 minút pri sebe alebo dve hodiny v spoločnej miestnosti aj ďalej než 1,5 metra od seba." Otázka: Ako dlho žije vírus na neživých predmetoch a povrchoch a ako dlho na ruke? Prof. Senanajake: ,,(Vieme, že) na kovových povrchoch ako meď žije asi 4 hodiny, na papieri a kartónových krabiciach prežije aj 24 hodín a na nehrdzavej oceli a umelých hmotách aj 72 hodín. Nevieme, ako dlho sa udrží na ruke." [[{"fid":"1890942","view_mode":"body_content","uuid":"b9dfb2c3-51a4-42c2-85f4-b19b543f8d50","type":"media","attributes":{"height":"468","width":"700","alt":"washing hands","class":"media-element file-body-content"}}]] Austrálčania musia dodržiavať odstup najmenej 1,5 metra jeden od druhého a zhromažďovanie je dovolené najviac pre dvoch ľudí, ak to nie sú členovia vašej domácnosti. Ak si myslíte, že ste sa nakazili vírusom, telefonujte lekárovi (nenavštevovať) alebo zavolajte národnú horúcu linku Coronavirus Health Information Hotline 1800 020 080. Testovanie je teraz široko dostupné po celej Austrálii. Aplikácia federálnej vlády COVIDSafe je teraz voľne prístupná na stiahnutie z vášho telefónu. SBS sa zaväzuje informovať mnohonárodnostnú austrálsku pospolitosť o najnovšom vývoji nákazy COVID-19. Správy a informácie v 63 jazykoch nájdete na stránke sbs.com.au/coronavirus

Welcome to the emDOCs.net podcast with Brit Long, MD (@long_brit) and Manpreet Singh, MD (@MprizzleER)! Join us as we review our high-yield posts from our website emDOCs.net. This episode covers therapies in COVID, first looking at antivirals, and second, at hydroxychloroquine (HC) and chloroquine (CQ). The original antiviral post was released on March 30 and the HC and CQ post on April 6. Needless to say, there have been several significant updates in the literature concerning these agents. Today, we are going to focus on these and provide some more insights. The details of all studies discussed in the podcast are below in the post. To continue to make this a worthwhile podcast for you to listen to, we appreciate any feedback and comments you may have for us. Please let us know!Subscribe to the podcast on one of the many platforms below:Apple iTunesSpotifyGoogle Play 

Vidi li se kraj pandemije? Ne bez leka. Govorimo o tri do sada objavljene studije. Hidroksihlorokvin i azitromicin za COVID-19, francuska (nazovi) studija (https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0924857920300996) Lopinavir i ritonavir za teško obolele od COVID-19, randomizirana studija iz Kine (https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMoa2001282) (NEJM) Plazma preležalih od COVID-19 za pet pacijenata na intenzivnoj nezi, mala ali dobra studija iz Kine (https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/fullarticle/2763983) (JAMA) Američki Nacionalni projekat za rekonvalescentnu plazmu (https://ccpp19.org/)

To facilitate movement and delivery of essential items, Assam Police will be issuing Essential Service Passes through the local Police. The State government has spelt it out in clear terms that any violation of the 21-day lockdown is punishable under the Disaster Management Act. The government has also assured the people of the State that there won't be any dearth of essential commodities in the State during the lockdown. Purabi Dairy of the West Assam Milk Producers' Cooperative Union Ltd., Guwahati, on Thursday said that it has taken adequate measures to ensure that there would be no disruption in the supply of milk and milk products in Guwahati and outstation markets where Purabi has been present. Bhubaneswar Kalita of BJP has pledged Rs 1 cr 10 lakh towards fighting coronavirus pandemic. He sent out a tweet on this. Gaurav Vohra, a 40-year-old man, has been arrested by Delhi police for attacking a woman from Manipur and calling her “corona” a few days ago. Vohra, who works at a pressure cooker manufacturing unit, even spat at her. The woman had filed a complaint with the police after which investigations began. Police caught him after analyzing CCTV footage from the area. A white scooty was also seized from his possession. Netizens have condemned the incident. Some even shared details of the incident on Twitter. The Chief Judicial Magistrate (CJM) court granted bail to KMSS leader Akhil Gogoi. Along with him Dhajya Konwar, Bitu Sonowal, Manas Konwar have also been granted bail. Due to three-week lockdown, toll collection across National Highways has been suspended. A tweet was sent out by Ministry of Road Transport and Highways, Government of India in this regard. CBSE and NIOS will postpone exams and evaluation until 31March due to lockdown because of coronavirus pandemic. A British national tested negative for coronavirus after going through HIV antiretroviral drug treatment in Kerala. The Ernakulam Medical College Hospital informed that the British patient responded well to a combination of drugs Ritonavir and Lopinavir. The patient was given the drugs for seven days but after three days he tested negative for the virus. The man along with a group of tourists was holidaying in Munnar, Kerala. Now the entire group has been put under quarantine at a hotel. Confederation of All India Traders (CAIT) has written to finance Minister Nirmala Sitharaman on the possibility of spread of coronavirus through currency notes. “Various credible studies have revealed that currency notes carry major risk of containing various virus, which may lead to number of infectious diseases. In the wake of coronavirus and for other precautionary reasons, we request you to order ‘a larger investigation' to assess the chances of diseases spreading via notes,” said CAIT Secretary General Praveen Khandelwal. The Confederation has also asked Sitharaman to consider change in policies to focus on discovering alternative modes of payment as well as considering polymer notes.WHO has also urged people to use contactless technology instead of using cash notes amid coronavirus pandemic. As countries face lockdown, people are binging on Netflix. Viewers have now pointed out bizarre similarities between sub-plots of a Korean drama and the current coronavirus epidemic. In 2018, Terrius Behind Me or My Secret Terrius had started airing. In the 53rd minute of the show's 10th episode a scene unfolds around manmade virus. The doctors in the scene are seen talking about coronavirus, MERS, SARS and common flu “all fall in the same family with the same gene information” and that coronavirus causes respiratory disease