Podcasts about representative government

पिछले कुछ दिनों से भारत और पाकिस्तान के बीच हो रहे टकराव को आप सभी ने देखा ही होगा। इससे जुड़ी खबरें और अफवाहों से भी हम सभी वाकिफ हैं। ऐसे माहौल में क्यों न इस विषय को थोड़ी शांति से और अकादमिक दृष्टिकोण से देखा जाए?आज हमारे साथ पुलियाबाज़ी पर जुड़ रहे हैं अतुल मिश्रा, जो शिव नादर इंस्टिट्यूट ऑफ एमिनेंस में इंटरनैशनल रिलेशन्स के प्रोफेसर हैं। उनकी किताब भारत और पाकिस्तान के रिश्तों को पार्टिशन और संप्रभुता के नज़रिये से समझने की कोशिश करती है। यह हमारे लिए तो बहुत ही दिलचस्प चर्चा रही और एक अलग ही दृष्टिकोण से हमने भारत और पाकिस्तान के रिश्तों को समझा। तो आज की चर्चा जरूर सुनिए।We discuss:* A framework to understand international relations in South Asia* Understanding the current India-Pak conflict from the framework of partition* What is Sovereignty?* How did minority politics emerge in India?* The internationalisation of Hindu-Muslim community relations* Was partition inevitable?* Alternatives to partition* The process of minoritization post independence* The Theory of Hostage Minorities* Nehru's Discovery of India* Territorial aspect of SovereigntyAlso, please note that Puliyabaazi is now available on Youtube with video.Read:Book | The Sovereign Lives of India and Pakistan: Post-Partition Statehood in South Asia by Atul MishraAtul's column on Hindustan TimesArticle | The Many Imaginations of Partition: Lost ideas for India and the neighbourhood by Atul MishraNotes:At 5:26, Atul meant to say "सबसे बड़े जो समूह है उनके अंतर संबंधों को आप पाकिस्तान को ध्यान में रखे बिना आप समझ नहीं सकते।"Reference for Jinnah's quote mentioned by Atul at 01:15:17. The speech was made at Kanpur on 30 March 1941. Source: Jinnah His Successes, Failures and Role in History by Ishtiaq AhmedOne correction: John Stuart Mill makes his argument that India is unfit for self-governance in his book Considerations on Representative Government (1961). Khyati incorrectly mentions it as the 1880s. In the 1880s, Mill's argument was used by Sir Syed Ahmed Khan to oppose devolution of British power to Indians.Related episodes:पाकिस्तानी मिलिट्री के अनगिनत कारोबार। Pakistan's Military Inc ft. Ayesha Siddiqaपाकिस्तान का आर्थिक सफ़र। Understanding Pakistan's Economic Challenges ft. Uzair YounusTippaNi | भारत-पाक संबंध खाई से रसातल तकIf you have any questions for the guest or feedback for us, please comment here or write to us at puliyabaazi@gmail.com. If you like our work, please subscribe and share this Puliyabaazi with your friends, family and colleagues.Website: https://puliyabaazi.inGuest: @atulm01Hosts: @saurabhchandra @pranaykotas @thescribblebeeTwitter: @puliyabaaziInstagram: https://www.instagram.com/puliyabaazi/Subscribe & listen to the podcast on iTunes, Google Podcasts, Castbox, AudioBoom, YouTube, Spotify or any other podcast app. This is a public episode. If you would like to discuss this with other subscribers or get access to bonus episodes, visit www.puliyabaazi.in

In her letter to the editor, Vancouver resident Shauna Walters criticizes the Clark County Council's removal of Michelle Belkot from the C-TRAN Board, urging voters to hold leaders accountable. Read the full letter at https://www.clarkcountytoday.com/opinion/letter-is-this-representative-government/ on www.ClarkCountyToday.com #localnews #ClarkCountyWa #CTran #ClarkCountyCouncil #PublicAccountability

This is episode 201. The sounds you're hearing are those of roadworks, because South Africa is upgrading. Quickly. The arrival of governor sir George Grey in 1854 heralded a new epoch. Previous governors had been Peninsular war Veterans, they'd fought against Napoleon. This one was the first who was the child of a veteran of the war against Napoleon, and a person who was schooled in liberal humanism. He was also a Victorian, steeped in the consciousness of evolution, principled and simultaneously, flaunting truth. A fibber who was in a delirium of post-renaissance spirituality, combining dialect and salvation. You heard about George Grey's time in New Zealand last episode, and here he was, the new Cape Governor. So without further ado, let's dive into episode 201. He was free from prejudice against black and coloured people, and all indigenes as such, firmly believing from his own insight into the Polynesians cultures, the Maori, that there was nothing to distinguish them in aptitude and intelligence from anyone else in mankind. The same applied to Aborigines and black South Africans he believed. At the same time, Grey wanted indigenous people to wean themselves from what he called barbarism and heathenism. By suppressing tribal laws and customs, and incorporating indigenes into the economic system through labour and industry. During his short stint in Australia, he had set the Aborigines to work building roads, and those who worked hardest, earned the most. At the same time, he ruthlessly suppressed any sort of push back from the Aborigines, then the Maoris, and now he brought this brand of colonialism to South Africa. Dangling the carrot of labour, then applying the stick of punishment. The Cape colony was his laboratory in the Victorian age of discovery. An intellectual exercise. There was quite a bit in it for him of course. An ideologue and highly learned, he had written the New Zealand articles of Representative Government, an act that led to him being knighted. Sir George. Utopia beckons those who are imbued with internal fire — it's only now and then that history provides a crack into which people with this sort of vision can plunge. A man or woman appears at a particular point in time, restructuring entire territories and societies by dint of their character, and their timing, their epoch. During this time, a powerful figure with a vision for change could restructure an entire land before his minders back in England could do anything about it. Correspondence with the antipodes, New Zealand and Australia, took nearly a year for an exchange of letters to take place. Six months one way, six months return. In the meantime, an industrious social engineer could get very busy indeed. South Africa was closer to the centres of power, the new steam driven ships could do the return journey in four months, but that was more than a financial quarter in modern jargon. A person with initiative could launch quite a few initiatives before the folks back in London put a stop to their initiating. The biggest problem at this moment for Grey was not the amaXhosa or AmaZulu or Basotho, nor the Khoe, or the Boers. IT was the British colonial office. They were in the throes of recession not expansion. Retrenchment and withdrawal. Grey pondered the solution. Five thousand white European immigrants should be brought in he wrote, the occupy British Kaffraria. There was a certain problem, and that was the amaNqika Xhosa lived there at a pretty squashed density of 83 people per square mile. To give you an idea of how squashed this was, the Cape colony population density of 1854 was 1.15 per square mile at the same time. The second conundrum was accessing cash to construct all these new schools and public buildings. Grey sent a letter to the Colonial office outlining his needs — this new plan would require 45 000 pounds a year.

This is episode 201. The sounds you're hearing are those of roadworks, because South Africa is upgrading. Quickly. The arrival of governor sir George Grey in 1854 heralded a new epoch. Previous governors had been Peninsular war Veterans, they'd fought against Napoleon. This one was the first who was the child of a veteran of the war against Napoleon, and a person who was schooled in liberal humanism. He was also a Victorian, steeped in the consciousness of evolution, principled and simultaneously, flaunting truth. A fibber who was in a delirium of post-renaissance spirituality, combining dialect and salvation. You heard about George Grey's time in New Zealand last episode, and here he was, the new Cape Governor. So without further ado, let's dive into episode 201. He was free from prejudice against black and coloured people, and all indigenes as such, firmly believing from his own insight into the Polynesians cultures, the Maori, that there was nothing to distinguish them in aptitude and intelligence from anyone else in mankind. The same applied to Aborigines and black South Africans he believed. At the same time, Grey wanted indigenous people to wean themselves from what he called barbarism and heathenism. By suppressing tribal laws and customs, and incorporating indigenes into the economic system through labour and industry. During his short stint in Australia, he had set the Aborigines to work building roads, and those who worked hardest, earned the most. At the same time, he ruthlessly suppressed any sort of push back from the Aborigines, then the Maoris, and now he brought this brand of colonialism to South Africa. Dangling the carrot of labour, then applying the stick of punishment. The Cape colony was his laboratory in the Victorian age of discovery. An intellectual exercise. There was quite a bit in it for him of course. An ideologue and highly learned, he had written the New Zealand articles of Representative Government, an act that led to him being knighted. Sir George. Utopia beckons those who are imbued with internal fire — it's only now and then that history provides a crack into which people with this sort of vision can plunge. A man or woman appears at a particular point in time, restructuring entire territories and societies by dint of their character, and their timing, their epoch. During this time, a powerful figure with a vision for change could restructure an entire land before his minders back in England could do anything about it. Correspondence with the antipodes, New Zealand and Australia, took nearly a year for an exchange of letters to take place. Six months one way, six months return. In the meantime, an industrious social engineer could get very busy indeed. South Africa was closer to the centres of power, the new steam driven ships could do the return journey in four months, but that was more than a financial quarter in modern jargon. A person with initiative could launch quite a few initiatives before the folks back in London put a stop to their initiating. The biggest problem at this moment for Grey was not the amaXhosa or AmaZulu or Basotho, nor the Khoe, or the Boers. IT was the British colonial office. They were in the throes of recession not expansion. Retrenchment and withdrawal. Grey pondered the solution. Five thousand white European immigrants should be brought in he wrote, the occupy British Kaffraria. There was a certain problem, and that was the amaNqika Xhosa lived there at a pretty squashed density of 83 people per square mile. To give you an idea of how squashed this was, the Cape colony population density of 1854 was 1.15 per square mile at the same time. The second conundrum was accessing cash to construct all these new schools and public buildings. Grey sent a letter to the Colonial office outlining his needs — this new plan would require 45 000 pounds a year.

Podcast Episode SummaryTitle: Justice for Dele Farotimi: A Call to ActionIn this episode, we spotlight the alarming wrongful arrest of Nigerian human rights lawyer Dele Farotimi, whose fearless advocacy and recent book, Nigeria and Its Criminal Justice System, expose systemic corruption and oppression in Nigeria. We share a detailed timeline of events leading to his detention, the global implications of silencing justice advocates, and ways to fight back.

While the founders were supportive of democracy as a concept, they had their reservations about certain types. Learn more in this episode! Center for Civic Education

Get access to The Backroom Exclusive podcasts by becoming a Patron:  ⁠⁠⁠https://www.patreon.com/OneDime⁠ In this episode of 1Dime Radio, I am joined by Victor Bruzzone of the Pill Pod (Plastic Pills Podcast) to discuss forms of radical democracy such as Sortition - “the lot system” in which representatives are selected at random by lottery. It was used in Ancient Athens and for a time also in the Republics of Florence, Venice and Genoa.  Sortition is not the same thing as “direct democracy,”  such as assembly (which was also used in Athenian Democracy). The Marxist Paul Cockshott also proposes the sortition system in his book, “Towards a New Socialism.”  In The Backroom, Victor proposes his own variant of sortition, which he has been working on, which I found quite fascinating and innovative. You don't want to miss it.  Timestamps:  00:00 Preview of The Backroom 03:02 A Radical Form of Representative Democracy 07:20 Sortition in Athens and the Italian City States 12:24 Pros and Cons of Sortition 41:01 Leo Strauss and The Aristocratic Reading Method 54:12 Intelligence and Epistocracy 01:04:33 Sortition vs Elections Outro Music by Karl Casey The book I was refering to was called “Principles of Representative Government” by Bernard Manin Read More with Speechify: https://share.speechify.com/mzrxH5D Check out the Academic Edgelord podcast: https://open.spotify.com/show/3509RjVqJgSvEXC0X94Bri Check out the Pill Pod (Plastic Pills podcast)  https://www.youtube.com/@PillPod Follow Viktor Bruzzone on X: https://x.com/victorbruzzone Follow me on X:  https://x.com/1DimeOfficial Check out the 1Dime videos if you haven't already: ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠https://www.youtube.com/@1Dimee/⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠ Become a Patron at ⁠⁠⁠⁠Patreon.com/OneDime⁠⁠⁠⁠ to support the show Be sure to give 1Dime Radio a 5-star rating if you enjoy the show!

Hour 3 Audio from WGIG-AM and FM in Brunswick, GA

In this episode, Dr. Lester Brooks, emeritus professor of American history at Anne Arundel Community College, explains a critical issue at the Philadelphia Convention: how the states would be represented in government. Center for Civic Education

Americans had voted to get the "adults" back in charge and bring peace. What they received were two new conflicts that have brought us closer to all-out thermonuclear war than ever before.

Americans had voted to get the "adults" back in charge and bring peace. What they received were two new conflicts that have brought us closer to all-out thermonuclear war than ever before.

Americans had voted to get the "adults" back in charge and bring peace. What they received were two new conflicts that have brought us closer to all-out thermonuclear war than ever before.

Americans had voted to get the "adults" back in charge and bring peace. What they received were two new conflicts that have brought us closer to all-out thermonuclear war than ever before.

How does representative democracy in practice hold up to academic theories of how democratic representation should work? Lisa Disch is a professor of democratic theory who has crossed over to serve in government as a City Council member in Ann Arbor, Michigan, a middle-sized bright blue college town in a purplish state. Councilmember Disch reports on what the academy is missing or just gets wrong.

On this episode, Kristen Collins interviews Boris Litvin on spectatorship, memes, and Rousseau. Kristen and Boris delve into the relevance of Rousseau's insights on politics and the public stage, relating them to today's social media-driven democracy. They explore the concept of "audience democracy" coined by Bernard Manin, which distinguishes between those in power and the spectators of politics. They discuss the complexities of spectatorship, its passive nature, surveillance, and the role of social media in shaping political discourse and authenticity. They also examine how video technology, like body cams and bystander videos, impacts power dynamics and public scrutiny, highlighting the need for active participation alongside spectatorship for meaningful democratic change.Boris Litvin is a Visiting Instructor, Ancient Studies and General Education at Eckerd College. His research interests include intellectual history, democracy, spectatorship, political representation, authority, rhetoric, media, and textual interpretation.Read more work from Kristen Collins.References and related works to this episode: Bernard Manin's The Principles of Representative Government, Jeffrey Edward Green's Eyes of the People" Democracy in the Age of Spectatorship, Nadia Urbinati's Democracy Disfigured: Opinion, Truth, and the People and Me the People: How Populism Transforms Democracy, Boris Litvin's "'This Hearing Should Be Flipped': Democractic Spectatorship, Social Media, and the Problem of Demagogic Candor" and "Staging Emile".If you like the show, please subscribe, leave a 5-star review, and tell others about the show! We're available on Apple Podcasts, Spotify, Amazon Music, and wherever you get your podcasts.Follow the Hayek Program on Twitter: @HayekProgramLearn more about Academic & Student ProgramsFollow the Mercatus Center on Twitter: @mercatus

Essay 80: Principle of Civil Discourse To Keep Representative Government, Unhindered Freedom of Speech in the Airing of Grievances by Andrew Langer. Click here to explore our 2023 90-Day Study: First Principles of the American Founding.

Essay 57: Principle of Representative Government Only Under Authority of the American People by J. Eric Wise. Click here to explore our 2023 90-Day Study: First Principles of the American Founding.

Essay 37: Of the People, by the People, and for the People: Founding a Representative Government in America, Not Hereditary Succession by Ron Meier. Click here to explore our 2023 90-Day Study: First Principles of the American Founding.

Essay 36: Principle of Representative Government Under Direction of the People Rather Than King Rule by Ron Meier. Click here to explore our 2023 90-Day Study: First Principles of the American Founding.

In this episode, Dr. Lester Brooks, emeritus professor of American history at Anne Arundel Community College, explains a critical issue at the Philadelphia Convention: how the states would be represented in government. Center for Civic Education

A look at the election of King David and application to our country today.

It has become commonplace that democracy in the United States faces an existential threat. This belief has gained popular currency in the wake of Donald Trump's presidency, nourished by his conduct in office, the attempt to overturn the 2020 election, and continuing efforts to subvert the electoral process. Whether this is true only time will tell. But a common narrative among scholars of American government holds that representative democracy is failing more systematically than the Trump phenomenon suggests. In this program, Charles Beitz, professor of politics at Princeton University, along with commentary by Martin Gilens, Pamela S. Karlan and Jane Mansbridge, talk about the current state of democratic dysfunction and what the future might hold. Series: "Tanner Lectures on Human Values" [Public Affairs] [Show ID: 38274]

It has become commonplace that democracy in the United States faces an existential threat. This belief has gained popular currency in the wake of Donald Trump's presidency, nourished by his conduct in office, the attempt to overturn the 2020 election, and continuing efforts to subvert the electoral process. Whether this is true only time will tell. But a common narrative among scholars of American government holds that representative democracy is failing more systematically than the Trump phenomenon suggests. In this program, Charles Beitz, professor of politics at Princeton University, along with commentary by Martin Gilens, Pamela S. Karlan and Jane Mansbridge, talk about the current state of democratic dysfunction and what the future might hold. Series: "Tanner Lectures on Human Values" [Public Affairs] [Show ID: 38274]

The days of “Representative Government” are long gone and seem to have been replaced with “Reprehensible Government” while the public was distracted with endless unimportant issues. Is it even possible to weed out the psychopaths that are attracted to government power since it provides them all of the things that psychopaths want: power, money, influence, sex, and drugs? Andrew Cuomo is just one of an endless supply of defective human beings that migrate into politics in order to gain the things that they seek, but should we have ever normalized this sort of behavior in the first place or acted surprised that the wheels always come off? Maybe everyone just needs to vote harder next time. Sponsors: Emergency Preparedness Food: www.preparewithmacroaggressions.com Chemical Free Body: https://www.chemicalfreebody.com and use promo code: MACRO C60 Purple Power: https://c60purplepower.com/ Promo Code: MACRO Wise Wolf Gold & Silver: www.Macroaggressions.gold True Hemp Science: https://truehempscience.com/ Haelan: https://haelan951.com/pages/macro Solar Power Lifestyle: https://solarpowerlifestyle.com/ Promo Code: MACRO Coin Bit App: https://coinbitsapp.com/?ref=0SPP0gjuI68PjGU89wUv Macroaggressions Merch Store: https://www.teepublic.com/stores/macroaggressions?ref_id=22530 LinkTree: linktr.ee/macroaggressions Books: HYPOCRAZY: https://amzn.to/3VsPDp8 Controlled Demolition on Amazon: https://amzn.to/3ufZdzx The Octopus Of Global Control: Amazon: https://amzn.to/3VDWQ5c Barnes & Noble: https://bit.ly/39vdKeQ Online Connection: Link Tree: https://linktr.ee/Macroaggressions Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/macroaggressions_podcast/ Discord Link:  https://discord.gg/4mGzmcFexg Website: www.theoctopusofglobalcontrol.com Facebook: www.facebook.com/theoctopusofglobalcontrol Twitter: www.twitter.com/macroaggressio3 Twitter Handle: @macroaggressio3 YouTube: www.youtube.com/channel/UCn3

It has become commonplace that democracy in the United States faces an existential threat. This belief has gained popular currency in the wake of Donald Trump's presidency, nourished by his conduct in office, the attempt to overturn the 2020 election, and continuing efforts to subvert the electoral process. Whether this is true only time will tell. But a common narrative among scholars of American government holds that representative democracy is failing more systematically than the Trump phenomenon suggests. In this program, Charles Beitz, professor of politics at Princeton University, along with commentary by Pamela S. Karlan and Jane Mansbridge, talk about how to regulate rivalry in democratic representative government. Series: "Tanner Lectures on Human Values" [Public Affairs] [Show ID: 38273]

It has become commonplace that democracy in the United States faces an existential threat. This belief has gained popular currency in the wake of Donald Trump's presidency, nourished by his conduct in office, the attempt to overturn the 2020 election, and continuing efforts to subvert the electoral process. Whether this is true only time will tell. But a common narrative among scholars of American government holds that representative democracy is failing more systematically than the Trump phenomenon suggests. In this program, Charles Beitz, professor of politics at Princeton University, along with commentary by Pamela S. Karlan and Jane Mansbridge, talk about how to regulate rivalry in democratic representative government. Series: "Tanner Lectures on Human Values" [Public Affairs] [Show ID: 38273]

It has become commonplace that democracy in the United States faces an existential threat. This belief has gained popular currency in the wake of Donald Trump's presidency, nourished by his conduct in office, the attempt to overturn the 2020 election, and continuing efforts to subvert the electoral process. Whether this is true only time will tell. But a common narrative among scholars of American government holds that representative democracy is failing more systematically than the Trump phenomenon suggests. In this program, Charles Beitz, professor of politics at Princeton University, and Martin Gilens, professor of public policy at UCLA, address how to diagnose the problem of whether or not our system of government is failing. Series: "Tanner Lectures on Human Values" [Public Affairs] [Show ID: 38272]

It has become commonplace that democracy in the United States faces an existential threat. This belief has gained popular currency in the wake of Donald Trump's presidency, nourished by his conduct in office, the attempt to overturn the 2020 election, and continuing efforts to subvert the electoral process. Whether this is true only time will tell. But a common narrative among scholars of American government holds that representative democracy is failing more systematically than the Trump phenomenon suggests. In this program, Charles Beitz, professor of politics at Princeton University, and Martin Gilens, professor of public policy at UCLA, address how to diagnose the problem of whether or not our system of government is failing. Series: "Tanner Lectures on Human Values" [Public Affairs] [Show ID: 38272]

This episode I talk about the lack of representation we get from our very own representatives. The cost to keep them in the job they have grown so accustomed to and the absurdity of some of them. This episode hits on a lot of issues that are close in everyones hearts and minds. --- Send in a voice message: https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/eric-garretson/message Support this podcast: https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/eric-garretson/support

Will Duffield joins Chelsea Follett to discuss recent advances in artificial intelligence, how they can improve our lives, and the challenges they may pose. Will Duffield is a policy analyst in Cato's Center for Representative Government, where he studies speech and internet governance. He's also an expert on a host of related issues in technology policy. Learn more: https://www.cato.org/people/will-duffield

On this Salcedo Storm Podcast:Adam Brandon is the President of FreedomWorks, a grassroots service center to millions of activists who support smaller government, lower taxes, free markets, personal liberty, and rule of law.

The liberalism that is defended here is therefore itself an object of political contestation, and not just the background against which such contestation takes place. If we can look to the past achievements of liberal polities – the widespread (but still imperfect) acceptance of religious toleration and free inquiry, the relative (but still woefully incomplete) deconstruction of class, gender, and racial hierarchies, the (possibly temporary) defeat of totalitarianisms, left and right – to remind ourselves of the promise of a liberal politics, we can look to our many remaining failings, and to the fact that even our achievements are preserved only through our own vigilance, to remind ourselves how fallible our ideals, and the institutions that we have built upon them, actually are. Liberal freedom is, in short, both a richer and a more fragile ideal than many of its supporters – and critics – realize. – Eric MacGilvray, Liberal Freedom (2022) Professor MacGilvray has been studying the concept of freedom for over 15 years culminating in his latest Cambridge University Press publication: Liberal Freedom: Pluralism, Polarization, and Politics. For anyone interested in the importance of freedom and liberalism and the key concepts and thinkers written as intellectual history from the discerning eye of a political theorist and analytic philosopher you will find this book most engaging. His explanation of its relevant issues are well worth your time in this interview. Here is the publisher's description which provides a nice synopsis of the book's main focus: "We seem to be losing the ability to talk to each other about – and despite – our political differences. The liberal tradition, with its emphasis on open-mindedness, toleration, and inclusion, is ideally suited to respond to this challenge. Yet liberalism is often seen today as a barrier to constructive dialogue: narrowly focused on individual rights, indifferent to the communal sources of human well-being, and deeply implicated in structures of economic and social domination. This book provides a novel defense of liberalism that weaves together a commitment to republican self-government, an emphasis on the value of unregulated choice, and an appreciation of how hard it is to strike a balance between them. By treating freedom rather than justice as the central liberal value this important book, critical to the times, provides an indispensable resource for constructive dialogue in a time of political polarization." Eric's thoughtful book recommendation pairings from this interview for interested listeners: Political philosophy – 1) Philip Pettit's Just Freedom; 2) Elizabeth Anderson's Private Government Political thought – 1) Mill's Considerations of Representative Government; 2) L.T. Hobhouse's Liberalism Popular political – 1) Gopnik's A Thousand Small Sanities; 2) Rosenblatt's The Lost History of Liberalism Also, as discussed, The Atlantic article based on Packer's book: Last Best Hope - America in Crisis and Renewal  Eric MacGilvray is a political theorist at Ohio State University whose research and teaching interests focus on liberal, republican, and democratic theory as well as the pragmatic philosophical tradition. He is a pragmatist whose scholarly journal articles have appeared in the American Journal of Political Science, the Journal of Political Philosophy, Political Theory, and Social Philosophy and Policy, among others. Liberal Freedom is his third book and builds on his second, The Invention of Market Freedom. Keith Krueger lectures part-time in the Sydney Business School at Shanghai University. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/new-books-network

The liberalism that is defended here is therefore itself an object of political contestation, and not just the background against which such contestation takes place. If we can look to the past achievements of liberal polities – the widespread (but still imperfect) acceptance of religious toleration and free inquiry, the relative (but still woefully incomplete) deconstruction of class, gender, and racial hierarchies, the (possibly temporary) defeat of totalitarianisms, left and right – to remind ourselves of the promise of a liberal politics, we can look to our many remaining failings, and to the fact that even our achievements are preserved only through our own vigilance, to remind ourselves how fallible our ideals, and the institutions that we have built upon them, actually are. Liberal freedom is, in short, both a richer and a more fragile ideal than many of its supporters – and critics – realize. – Eric MacGilvray, Liberal Freedom (2022) Professor MacGilvray has been studying the concept of freedom for over 15 years culminating in his latest Cambridge University Press publication: Liberal Freedom: Pluralism, Polarization, and Politics. For anyone interested in the importance of freedom and liberalism and the key concepts and thinkers written as intellectual history from the discerning eye of a political theorist and analytic philosopher you will find this book most engaging. His explanation of its relevant issues are well worth your time in this interview. Here is the publisher's description which provides a nice synopsis of the book's main focus: "We seem to be losing the ability to talk to each other about – and despite – our political differences. The liberal tradition, with its emphasis on open-mindedness, toleration, and inclusion, is ideally suited to respond to this challenge. Yet liberalism is often seen today as a barrier to constructive dialogue: narrowly focused on individual rights, indifferent to the communal sources of human well-being, and deeply implicated in structures of economic and social domination. This book provides a novel defense of liberalism that weaves together a commitment to republican self-government, an emphasis on the value of unregulated choice, and an appreciation of how hard it is to strike a balance between them. By treating freedom rather than justice as the central liberal value this important book, critical to the times, provides an indispensable resource for constructive dialogue in a time of political polarization." Eric's thoughtful book recommendation pairings from this interview for interested listeners: Political philosophy – 1) Philip Pettit's Just Freedom; 2) Elizabeth Anderson's Private Government Political thought – 1) Mill's Considerations of Representative Government; 2) L.T. Hobhouse's Liberalism Popular political – 1) Gopnik's A Thousand Small Sanities; 2) Rosenblatt's The Lost History of Liberalism Also, as discussed, The Atlantic article based on Packer's book: Last Best Hope - America in Crisis and Renewal  Eric MacGilvray is a political theorist at Ohio State University whose research and teaching interests focus on liberal, republican, and democratic theory as well as the pragmatic philosophical tradition. He is a pragmatist whose scholarly journal articles have appeared in the American Journal of Political Science, the Journal of Political Philosophy, Political Theory, and Social Philosophy and Policy, among others. Liberal Freedom is his third book and builds on his second, The Invention of Market Freedom. Keith Krueger lectures part-time in the Sydney Business School at Shanghai University. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/political-science

The liberalism that is defended here is therefore itself an object of political contestation, and not just the background against which such contestation takes place. If we can look to the past achievements of liberal polities – the widespread (but still imperfect) acceptance of religious toleration and free inquiry, the relative (but still woefully incomplete) deconstruction of class, gender, and racial hierarchies, the (possibly temporary) defeat of totalitarianisms, left and right – to remind ourselves of the promise of a liberal politics, we can look to our many remaining failings, and to the fact that even our achievements are preserved only through our own vigilance, to remind ourselves how fallible our ideals, and the institutions that we have built upon them, actually are. Liberal freedom is, in short, both a richer and a more fragile ideal than many of its supporters – and critics – realize. – Eric MacGilvray, Liberal Freedom (2022) Professor MacGilvray has been studying the concept of freedom for over 15 years culminating in his latest Cambridge University Press publication: Liberal Freedom: Pluralism, Polarization, and Politics. For anyone interested in the importance of freedom and liberalism and the key concepts and thinkers written as intellectual history from the discerning eye of a political theorist and analytic philosopher you will find this book most engaging. His explanation of its relevant issues are well worth your time in this interview. Here is the publisher's description which provides a nice synopsis of the book's main focus: "We seem to be losing the ability to talk to each other about – and despite – our political differences. The liberal tradition, with its emphasis on open-mindedness, toleration, and inclusion, is ideally suited to respond to this challenge. Yet liberalism is often seen today as a barrier to constructive dialogue: narrowly focused on individual rights, indifferent to the communal sources of human well-being, and deeply implicated in structures of economic and social domination. This book provides a novel defense of liberalism that weaves together a commitment to republican self-government, an emphasis on the value of unregulated choice, and an appreciation of how hard it is to strike a balance between them. By treating freedom rather than justice as the central liberal value this important book, critical to the times, provides an indispensable resource for constructive dialogue in a time of political polarization." Eric's thoughtful book recommendation pairings from this interview for interested listeners: Political philosophy – 1) Philip Pettit's Just Freedom; 2) Elizabeth Anderson's Private Government Political thought – 1) Mill's Considerations of Representative Government; 2) L.T. Hobhouse's Liberalism Popular political – 1) Gopnik's A Thousand Small Sanities; 2) Rosenblatt's The Lost History of Liberalism Also, as discussed, The Atlantic article based on Packer's book: Last Best Hope - America in Crisis and Renewal  Eric MacGilvray is a political theorist at Ohio State University whose research and teaching interests focus on liberal, republican, and democratic theory as well as the pragmatic philosophical tradition. He is a pragmatist whose scholarly journal articles have appeared in the American Journal of Political Science, the Journal of Political Philosophy, Political Theory, and Social Philosophy and Policy, among others. Liberal Freedom is his third book and builds on his second, The Invention of Market Freedom. Keith Krueger lectures part-time in the Sydney Business School at Shanghai University. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/intellectual-history

The liberalism that is defended here is therefore itself an object of political contestation, and not just the background against which such contestation takes place. If we can look to the past achievements of liberal polities – the widespread (but still imperfect) acceptance of religious toleration and free inquiry, the relative (but still woefully incomplete) deconstruction of class, gender, and racial hierarchies, the (possibly temporary) defeat of totalitarianisms, left and right – to remind ourselves of the promise of a liberal politics, we can look to our many remaining failings, and to the fact that even our achievements are preserved only through our own vigilance, to remind ourselves how fallible our ideals, and the institutions that we have built upon them, actually are. Liberal freedom is, in short, both a richer and a more fragile ideal than many of its supporters – and critics – realize. – Eric MacGilvray, Liberal Freedom (2022) Professor MacGilvray has been studying the concept of freedom for over 15 years culminating in his latest Cambridge University Press publication: Liberal Freedom: Pluralism, Polarization, and Politics. For anyone interested in the importance of freedom and liberalism and the key concepts and thinkers written as intellectual history from the discerning eye of a political theorist and analytic philosopher you will find this book most engaging. His explanation of its relevant issues are well worth your time in this interview. Here is the publisher's description which provides a nice synopsis of the book's main focus: "We seem to be losing the ability to talk to each other about – and despite – our political differences. The liberal tradition, with its emphasis on open-mindedness, toleration, and inclusion, is ideally suited to respond to this challenge. Yet liberalism is often seen today as a barrier to constructive dialogue: narrowly focused on individual rights, indifferent to the communal sources of human well-being, and deeply implicated in structures of economic and social domination. This book provides a novel defense of liberalism that weaves together a commitment to republican self-government, an emphasis on the value of unregulated choice, and an appreciation of how hard it is to strike a balance between them. By treating freedom rather than justice as the central liberal value this important book, critical to the times, provides an indispensable resource for constructive dialogue in a time of political polarization." Eric's thoughtful book recommendation pairings from this interview for interested listeners: Political philosophy – 1) Philip Pettit's Just Freedom; 2) Elizabeth Anderson's Private Government Political thought – 1) Mill's Considerations of Representative Government; 2) L.T. Hobhouse's Liberalism Popular political – 1) Gopnik's A Thousand Small Sanities; 2) Rosenblatt's The Lost History of Liberalism Also, as discussed, The Atlantic article based on Packer's book: Last Best Hope - America in Crisis and Renewal  Eric MacGilvray is a political theorist at Ohio State University whose research and teaching interests focus on liberal, republican, and democratic theory as well as the pragmatic philosophical tradition. He is a pragmatist whose scholarly journal articles have appeared in the American Journal of Political Science, the Journal of Political Philosophy, Political Theory, and Social Philosophy and Policy, among others. Liberal Freedom is his third book and builds on his second, The Invention of Market Freedom. Keith Krueger lectures part-time in the Sydney Business School at Shanghai University. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/public-policy

The liberalism that is defended here is therefore itself an object of political contestation, and not just the background against which such contestation takes place. If we can look to the past achievements of liberal polities – the widespread (but still imperfect) acceptance of religious toleration and free inquiry, the relative (but still woefully incomplete) deconstruction of class, gender, and racial hierarchies, the (possibly temporary) defeat of totalitarianisms, left and right – to remind ourselves of the promise of a liberal politics, we can look to our many remaining failings, and to the fact that even our achievements are preserved only through our own vigilance, to remind ourselves how fallible our ideals, and the institutions that we have built upon them, actually are. Liberal freedom is, in short, both a richer and a more fragile ideal than many of its supporters – and critics – realize. – Eric MacGilvray, Liberal Freedom (2022) Professor MacGilvray has been studying the concept of freedom for over 15 years culminating in his latest Cambridge University Press publication: Liberal Freedom: Pluralism, Polarization, and Politics. For anyone interested in the importance of freedom and liberalism and the key concepts and thinkers written as intellectual history from the discerning eye of a political theorist and analytic philosopher you will find this book most engaging. His explanation of its relevant issues are well worth your time in this interview. Here is the publisher's description which provides a nice synopsis of the book's main focus: "We seem to be losing the ability to talk to each other about – and despite – our political differences. The liberal tradition, with its emphasis on open-mindedness, toleration, and inclusion, is ideally suited to respond to this challenge. Yet liberalism is often seen today as a barrier to constructive dialogue: narrowly focused on individual rights, indifferent to the communal sources of human well-being, and deeply implicated in structures of economic and social domination. This book provides a novel defense of liberalism that weaves together a commitment to republican self-government, an emphasis on the value of unregulated choice, and an appreciation of how hard it is to strike a balance between them. By treating freedom rather than justice as the central liberal value this important book, critical to the times, provides an indispensable resource for constructive dialogue in a time of political polarization." Eric's thoughtful book recommendation pairings from this interview for interested listeners: Political philosophy – 1) Philip Pettit's Just Freedom; 2) Elizabeth Anderson's Private Government Political thought – 1) Mill's Considerations of Representative Government; 2) L.T. Hobhouse's Liberalism Popular political – 1) Gopnik's A Thousand Small Sanities; 2) Rosenblatt's The Lost History of Liberalism Also, as discussed, The Atlantic article based on Packer's book: Last Best Hope - America in Crisis and Renewal  Eric MacGilvray is a political theorist at Ohio State University whose research and teaching interests focus on liberal, republican, and democratic theory as well as the pragmatic philosophical tradition. He is a pragmatist whose scholarly journal articles have appeared in the American Journal of Political Science, the Journal of Political Philosophy, Political Theory, and Social Philosophy and Policy, among others. Liberal Freedom is his third book and builds on his second, The Invention of Market Freedom. Keith Krueger lectures part-time in the Sydney Business School at Shanghai University. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

The liberalism that is defended here is therefore itself an object of political contestation, and not just the background against which such contestation takes place. If we can look to the past achievements of liberal polities – the widespread (but still imperfect) acceptance of religious toleration and free inquiry, the relative (but still woefully incomplete) deconstruction of class, gender, and racial hierarchies, the (possibly temporary) defeat of totalitarianisms, left and right – to remind ourselves of the promise of a liberal politics, we can look to our many remaining failings, and to the fact that even our achievements are preserved only through our own vigilance, to remind ourselves how fallible our ideals, and the institutions that we have built upon them, actually are. Liberal freedom is, in short, both a richer and a more fragile ideal than many of its supporters – and critics – realize. – Eric MacGilvray, Liberal Freedom (2022) Professor MacGilvray has been studying the concept of freedom for over 15 years culminating in his latest Cambridge University Press publication: Liberal Freedom: Pluralism, Polarization, and Politics. For anyone interested in the importance of freedom and liberalism and the key concepts and thinkers written as intellectual history from the discerning eye of a political theorist and analytic philosopher you will find this book most engaging. His explanation of its relevant issues are well worth your time in this interview. Here is the publisher's description which provides a nice synopsis of the book's main focus: "We seem to be losing the ability to talk to each other about – and despite – our political differences. The liberal tradition, with its emphasis on open-mindedness, toleration, and inclusion, is ideally suited to respond to this challenge. Yet liberalism is often seen today as a barrier to constructive dialogue: narrowly focused on individual rights, indifferent to the communal sources of human well-being, and deeply implicated in structures of economic and social domination. This book provides a novel defense of liberalism that weaves together a commitment to republican self-government, an emphasis on the value of unregulated choice, and an appreciation of how hard it is to strike a balance between them. By treating freedom rather than justice as the central liberal value this important book, critical to the times, provides an indispensable resource for constructive dialogue in a time of political polarization." Eric's thoughtful book recommendation pairings from this interview for interested listeners: Political philosophy – 1) Philip Pettit's Just Freedom; 2) Elizabeth Anderson's Private Government Political thought – 1) Mill's Considerations of Representative Government; 2) L.T. Hobhouse's Liberalism Popular political – 1) Gopnik's A Thousand Small Sanities; 2) Rosenblatt's The Lost History of Liberalism Also, as discussed, The Atlantic article based on Packer's book: Last Best Hope - America in Crisis and Renewal  Eric MacGilvray is a political theorist at Ohio State University whose research and teaching interests focus on liberal, republican, and democratic theory as well as the pragmatic philosophical tradition. He is a pragmatist whose scholarly journal articles have appeared in the American Journal of Political Science, the Journal of Political Philosophy, Political Theory, and Social Philosophy and Policy, among others. Liberal Freedom is his third book and builds on his second, The Invention of Market Freedom. Keith Krueger lectures part-time in the Sydney Business School at Shanghai University.

Paul Jacob contemplates the width of the oceans, the depths of political perfidy, and the wisdom of philosopher Herbert Spencer. But the stories focused on are the big ones from the past week, as published at Common Sense with Paul Jacob: CHINA LEADS THE WAY: https://thisiscommonsense.org/2022/08/08/china-leads-the-way/ POWER THEORY: https://thisiscommonsense.org/2022/08/09/power-theory/ CANNABIS AND CARRY: https://thisiscommonsense.org/2022/08/10/cannabis-carry/ THE ACT THAT CAN'T CUT IT: https://thisiscommonsense.org/2022/08/11/the-act-that-cant-cut-it/ DO NOT REMOVE THIS TAG: https://thisiscommonsense.org/2022/08/12/do-not-remove-this-tag/

The Anti-Federalist Papers by Patrick Henry, Benjamin Franklin & The Founding Generation w/Dorollo Nixon--- Welcome - 0:30 Driving A Ferarri in a Forest - 01:00 Back to Benjamin Franklin - 03:00 Leading Disagreeable Founding Fathers - 08:35 Don't Confuse Interests with Character - 12:54 A Long Breakdown of Reparations - 18:38 Middle Eastern Traditions and Reparations - 38:35 Damages Rather than Reparations - 45:37 There's Something Funky in the Wall - 49:00 I've Done Well in America without Reparations - 51:00 Slavery and the Constitution - 53:10 Taxes and Representative Government - 1:02:41 Production is More Important than Theory - 1:05:05 The Original American Gadfly, Patrick Henry - 1:07:28 Addressing Fundamentalist Absolutism as a Leader - 1:16:10 The Impossibility of Secession in the U.S. - 1:26:00 Staying on the Path - 1:31:00 BONUS AUDIO: More on Patrick Henry's Obstinance - 1:40:00 ---Pick up your copy of 12 Rules for Leaders: The Foundation of Intentional Leadership NOW on AMAZON!--- Check out HSCT Publishing at: https://www.hsctpublishing.com/. Check out LeadingKeys at: https://www.leadingkeys.com/ Check out Leadership ToolBox at: https://leadershiptoolbox.us/ Contact HSCT for more information at 1-833-216-8296 to schedule a full DEMO of LeadingKeys with one of our team members. --- HSCT Publishing: https://www.hsctpublishing.com/. HSCT LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/company/hsct/. HSCT YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCJvVbIU_bSEflwYpd9lWXuA/. HSCT Twitter: https://twitter.com/hsctpublishing/. HSCT IG: https://www.instagram.com/hsctpublishing/. HSCT FB: https://www.facebook.com/HSCTPublishing/.

It’s just me today approaching the issue of a boom in copyright lawsuits in the music industry. In light of these lawsuits, I ask: is copyright law serving artists the way it’s supposed to? To find out, we need to think about what the purpose of copyright law is and whether it is fulfilling or stifling this purpose. To do so, I look philosophical theories of property and apply them to musical copyright to help us reason through this problem.This is a project for my intellectual property law class that I took this semester at UBC under Professor Jon Festinger. Thank you to Professor Festinger for teaching the class! I hope my listeners and newsletter subscribers enjoy as well. As a musician with a philosophy degree, I thought this would be an appropriate topic to cover.Show Notes and Bibliography: Bruncken, Ernest. “The Philosophy of Copyright,” (1916) 2:3 The Musical Quarterly.Canadian Admiral Corporation Ltd v Rediffusion Inc [1954] Ex CR 382, 20 CPR 75CCH Canadian Ltd v Law Society of Upper Canada 2004 SCC 13.Cinar Corporation v Robinson 2013 SCC 73.Decibel Peak. “Which Parts of a Song Can Be Copyrighted.” Decibel Peak. 15 January 2021. . Ghorayeb, Mila. “Dua Lipa’s Levitating” and the moral realm of musical copyright.” Intellectual Property Law 422: Issues/Your Take. 19 March 2022.Gould Estate v Stoddart Publishing Co Ltd (1998) 39 OR 555 (Ont CA).Gregory, Sven. “Brute-Forced Copyrighting: Liberating All the Melodies.” Hackaday. 5 March 2020. . Hagen, Greg et al, eds. Canadian Intellectual Property Law: Cases and Materials 2nd ed. Toronto: Emond, 2018.Hegel, Georg Wilhelm Fredrich. Hegel: Elements of the philosophy of right. Cambridge University Press, 1991.Locke, John. Second treatise of government: An essay concerning the true original, extent and end of civil government. John Wiley & Sons, 2014.Mill, John Stuart. "Utilitarianism (1863)." Utilitarianism, Liberty, Representative Government (1859): 7-9.Théberge v Galerie d’Art du Petit Champlain Inc 2002 SCC 34.Urban, Mark. “Ed Sheeran: Copyright case was about honesty, not money.” BBC News. 8 April 2022. .Wang, Amy X. “How Music Copyright Lawsuits are Scaring Away New Hits.” Rolling Stone. 9 January 2020. . Get full access to All That to Say at ghorayeb.substack.com/subscribe

Today we start the first of our five-day series on democratic norms with Dr. Meena Bose, the Peter S. Kalikow Chair in Presidential Studies and Executive Dean for Public Policy and Public Service Programs at Hofstra University. In our first episode, Dr. Bose discusses representative government, which is a fundamental feature of American democracy. Listen to learn more! Center for Civic Education

Hour 1 * Guest: Don Guymon, Chairman, Utah GrassRoots – Committed to Promoting the Principles of Limited Government, Constitution, Representative Government, Participatory Republic, Free Market Economy, Family, and Separation of Powers – UtahGrassRoots.org * Utah GrassRoots Legislative Update—21 February 2022 – (5 weeks into the 2022 General Session of the Utah State Legislature). * Sam calls the 45-Day Utah Legislative Session The Reign of Terror! * What can we do to truely be involved? Hour 2 * Guest: Dave Daubenmire, Pass the Salt Ministries – CoachDaveLive.com * Article: Hang ‘Em High February 17, 2022. * Message to the FBI and the Secret Service. I'm not planning any vigilante justice. I make no threats to Hillary and her cohorts. I am simply asking that YOU follow YOUR oath and protect us from ALL enemies…especially the DOMESTIC ones. I believe in the rule of law. I believe in honest, God-ordained government. The act of treason is punishable by death. I simply call for justice. Hang ‘em high. Do it publicly. Without masks. * CDC said that certain coronavirus vaccine data has not been published yet because it could potentially lead to misinformation. * Why Do “Good” Men Do Nothing? * Coach Dave: We have traded the black robed regiment for the pink robed regiment. * Archives of the Simulcast of the Sheriff Mack show and Liberty RoundTable Live can be found in Video at BrightEON.tv and Audio at LibertyRoundTable.com --- Support this podcast: https://anchor.fm/loving-liberty/support

* Guest: Don Guymon, Chairman, Utah GrassRoots - Committed to Promoting the Principles of Limited Government, Constitution, Representative Government, Participatory Republic, Free Market Economy, Family, and Separation of Powers - UtahGrassRoots.org * Utah GrassRoots Legislative Update—21 February 2022 - (5 weeks into the 2022 General Session of the Utah State Legislature). * Sam calls the 45-Day Utah Legislative Session The Reign of Terror! * What can we do to truely be involved?

E. Michael Jones talks with Peter Helland on the local public access station show, Citizens for Community Media, in South Bend, IN. Mike sees representative government as the biggest issue at stake with all that is happening now in the world. He talks about the Catholic bishop's synod on synodality that is happening in Germany. They are contemplating accepting same sex marriage as valid along with other such heretical ideas. Mike mentions the priest in Poland currently on trial in Germany for saying there is a homosexual mafia running the church in Germany. Mike closes with remarks on the truckers in Canada and Justin Trudeau. Original video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=z7OSuLATdx4&t=23s

A local redistricting issue is used to reiterate the overall importance of not only registering to vote but also strategic voting. 

Rep. Vicki Kraft responds to Gov. Jay Inslee's comments about representative government and election integrity. https://loom.ly/LrmVBHo #VickiKraft #JayInslee #2022StateOfTheStateSpeech #Olympia #WashingtonState #WashingtonStateLegislature #RepresentativeGovernment #ElectionIntegrity #VancouverWa #ClarkCountyWa #ClarkCountyNews #ClarkCountyToday

With a growing number of private citizens banding together to do what needs to be done in Afghanistan, including former military personnel and religious organizations - and with the Biden administration continuing to slow walk any aid in extracting Americans and American assets, it has become apparent that the citizens of the United States are being denied a government that actually represents the majority will of the people...Sign-up for our mail out at: https://www.undergroundusa.com/contact-subscribe

The days of “Representative Government” are long gone and seem to have been replaced with “Reprehensible Government” while the public was distracted with endless unimportant issues. Is it even possible to weed out the psychopaths that are attracted to government power since it provides them all of the things that psychopaths want: power, money, influence, sex, and drugs? Andrew Cuomo is just one of an endless supply of defective human beings that migrate into politics in order to gain the things that they seek, but should we have ever normalized this sort of behavior in the first place or acted surprised that the wheels always come off? Maybe everyone just needs to vote harder next time. Sponsors: Emergency Preparedness Food: www.preparewithmacroaggressions.com Chemical Free Body: https://www.chemicalfreebody.com and use promo code: MACRO Honey Colony: https://www.honeycolony.com and use promo code: MACRO C60 Purple Power: https://c60purplepower.com/ Promo Code: MACRO Coin Bit App: https://coinbitsapp.com/?ref=0SPP0gjuI68PjGU89wUv Macroaggressions Merch Store: https://www.teepublic.com/stores/macroaggressions?ref_id=22530 LinkTree: linktr.ee/macroaggressions Books: Controlled Demolition on Amazon: https://www.amazon.com/dp/B08M21XKJ5 Purchase "The Octopus Of Global Control" Amazon: https://amzn.to/3aEFFcr Barnes & Noble: https://bit.ly/39vdKeQ Online Connection: Link Tree: https://linktr.ee/Macroaggressions Website: www.theoctopusofglobalcontrol.com Facebook: www.facebook.com/theoctopusofglobalcontrol Twitter: www.twitter.com/macroaggressio3 Twitter Handle: @macroaggressio3 YouTube: www.youtube.com/channel/UCn3GlVLKZtTkhLJkiuG7a-Q Apple Podcasts: https://apple.co/2LjTwu5

COVID-19 Exposes a Crisis of Representative Government. Plus, the Former Surgeon General said we are losing freedom because of the unvaccinated. See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Researchers from the Indiana University School of Medicine and others make promising discoveries about the biology behind bipolar disorder, and a survey by IU's Center on Representative Government and Center on American Politics digs in to the public attitudes about political institutions and public affairs.

If the people are to instruct government properly, then they must have access to information, ideas, and various points of view. Center for Civic Education

Pete is one of the "Ecu-Men" -- a group of men, all DOD/veterans, who are producing catechetical and spiritual content for Catholics. Check out their YouTube Channel here: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCzNaXVG0r8MnoEUNFWIZnHg

One thing I want to do on this show is give space to truly radical ideas, to expand the boundaries of our political and moral imaginations. And Hélène Landemore, a political scientist at Yale, has one of those ideas. She calls it “open democracy,” and the premise is simple: What we call democracy is not very democratic.The role of the people is confined to elections, to choosing the elites who will represent us. Landemore argues that our political thinking is stuck in “18th-century epistemologies and technologies.” It is not enough.We’ve learned much in the last few hundred years about random sampling, about the benefits of cognitively diverse groups, about the ways elections are captured by those with the most social and financial capital. Landemore wants to take what we’ve learned and build a new vision of democracy atop it — one in which we let groups of randomly selected citizens actually deliberate and govern. One in which we trust deliberation and diversity, not elections and political parties, to shape our ideas and to restrain our worst impulses.This is a challenging idea. I don’t know that it would work. But it’s a provocation worth wrestling with, particularly at this moment, when our ideas about democracy have so far outpaced the thin, corrupted ways in which we practice it.You’ve heard people say, “We’re a republic, not a democracy.” Landemore’s challenge is this: What if we were a democracy? We honor those who came before us for radically reimagining who could govern, and how politics could work. But did they really discover the terminal state of democracy? Or are there bold steps left for us to take?  Recommendations:Liquid Reign by Tim ReutemannThe Three Musketeers by Alexandre DumasThe Principles of Representative Government by Bernard Manin Mortelle Adèle Book Series The Ezra Klein Show is hiring an Associate Producer! Apply to work with us by clicking here or by visiting www.nytco.com/careers.Thoughts? Email us at ezrakleinshow@nytimes.com. New episodes every Tuesday and Friday.The Ezra Klein Show is produced by Roge Karma and Jeff Geld; fact-checking by Michelle Harris; original music by Isaac Jones; mixing by Jeff Geld.

Biden AGAIN planning to circumvent Representative Government to give our money away. No cries from Anointed Media of Authoritarian Actions now. --- This episode is sponsored by · Anchor: The easiest way to make a podcast. https://anchor.fm/app --- Send in a voice message: https://anchor.fm/robsright/message Support this podcast: https://anchor.fm/robsright/support

A senior advisor for the Indiana University Center on Representative Government discusses Joe Biden's job of uniting the country, and IU's Janet McCabe has been nominated to serve as deputy administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency.

Is it reasonable to expect our elected representatives to represent us? I would hope so. But do they? I take a dive into NJ's 11th Congressional District to explore whether the residents of the district can reasonably expect to be represented in DC. Twitter: @LibertarianWhy YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCL0qwtU4SZhCgpz6f4EMgzw https://www.facebook.com/LibertarianWhy

Guests: Will Duffield, Policy Analyst in the Cato Institute's Center for Representative Government, On to discuss social media bans. Adam Jentleson, Columnist for GQ, On to discuss his book "Kill Switch." Dean Fanelli, Partner at Seyfarth Shaw LLP, On to discuss new strains of COVID-19. And ... Your thoughts on the latest in the news. See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Discussing how representative government in early US evolved, from the Native Americans to the late 18th century.

Episode 3 out of 4, this is about how representative government developed and how it affects us today.

Apa itu birokrasi? Mengapa birokrasi mesti direformasi? Apa kaitannya dengan kapasitas pemerintah? Bagaimana Reformasi Birokrasi dilakukan? Sejauh apa dampak Reformasi Birokrasi bagi kinerja pemerintah dan kepentingan warga-negara? #NALAR mencoba mendalami gagasan mendasar di balik perlunya Reformasi Birokrasi dalam membangun negara modern. REFERENSI: 1. Sydney Lady Morgan (1818). Florence Macarthy. Henry Colburn. p. 35. 2. John Stuart Mill (1861). "VI – Of the Infirmities and Dangers to which Representative Government is Liable". Considerations on Representative Government. 3. Woodrow Wilson (1887), "The Study of Administration", Political Science Quarterly, July 1887 4. Ludwig von Mises (1944). Bureaucracy. 5. Robert K. Merton (1957). Social Theory and Social Structure. Glencoe, Free Press. pp. 195–206. 6. Karl Marx (1970). Marx's Critique of Hegel's Philosophy of Right (1843). Cambridge University 7. Jaques Elliott (1976). A general theory of bureaucracy. London: Heinemann. 8. "In Praise of Hierarchy". Harvard Business Review. 1 January 1990. 9. Charles Tilly (1985). "War making and state making as organized crime," in Bringing the State Back In, eds P.B. Evans, D. Rueschemeyer, & T. Skocpol. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 10. Jeffrey Herbst (1990). "War and the State in Africa." International Security, (1990): 117-139 11. David Beetham (1996). Bureaucracy. 12. Franz Wirl (1998). "Socio-economic typologies of bureaucratic corruption and implications". J. Evolutionary Economics, 8(2):199–220. 13. Christopher Hood (2000), The Art of the State: Culture, Rhetoric, and Public Management. Oxford University Press. p. 76. 14. Liesbet Hooghe (2001). The European Commission and the integration of Europe: images of governance. Cambridge University Press. pp. 40–. 15. Marshall Sashkin, Molly G. Sashkin (2003). Leadership that matters: the critical factors for making a difference in people's lives and organizations' success. Berrett-Koehler Publishers. p. 52. 16. V Fritz, A.R. Menocal (2007). "Developmental states in the new millennium: Concepts and challenges for a new aid agenda". Development Policy Review, 25(5):531–552. 17. Charles T Call (2008). "The Fallacy of the 'Failed State'". Third World Quarterly, 29(8):1498. 18. George Ritzer (2009). Contemporary Sociological Theory and Its Classical Roots: The Basics. McGraw-Hill. pp. 38–42. 19. Tony Waters and Dagmar Waters (2015) "Bureaucracy" from Weber's Rationalism and Modern Society: New Translations on Politics, Bureaucracy, and Social Stratification. Palgrave MacMillan. 20. Noel D. Johnson, Mark Koyama(2017). "States and economic growth: Capacity and constraints". Explorations in Economic History, 64(April):1–20. 21. Elissa Berwick, Christia Fotini (2018). "State Capacity Redux: Integrating Classical and Experimental Contributions to an Enduring Debate". Annual Review of Political Science, 21(May):71–91. 22. Agnes Cornell, Carl Henrik Knutsen, Jan Teorell (2020). "Bureaucracy and Growth". Comparative Political Studies, 53(14):2246–2282.

Apa itu birokrasi? Mengapa birokrasi mesti direformasi? Apa kaitannya dengan kapasitas pemerintah? Bagaimana Reformasi Birokrasi dilakukan? Sejauh apa dampak Reformasi Birokrasi bagi kinerja pemerintah dan kepentingan warga-negara? #NALAR mencoba mendalami gagasan mendasar di balik perlunya Reformasi Birokrasi dalam membangun negara modern. REFERENSI: 1. Sydney Lady Morgan (1818). Florence Macarthy. Henry Colburn. p. 35. 2. John Stuart Mill (1861). "VI – Of the Infirmities and Dangers to which Representative Government is Liable". Considerations on Representative Government. 3. Woodrow Wilson (1887), "The Study of Administration", Political Science Quarterly, July 1887 4. Ludwig von Mises (1944). Bureaucracy. 5. Robert K. Merton (1957). Social Theory and Social Structure. Glencoe, Free Press. pp. 195–206. 6. Karl Marx (1970). Marx's Critique of Hegel's Philosophy of Right (1843). Cambridge University 7. Jaques Elliott (1976). A general theory of bureaucracy. London: Heinemann. 8. "In Praise of Hierarchy". Harvard Business Review. 1 January 1990. 9. Charles Tilly (1985). "War making and state making as organized crime," in Bringing the State Back In, eds P.B. Evans, D. Rueschemeyer, & T. Skocpol. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 10. Jeffrey Herbst (1990). "War and the State in Africa." International Security, (1990): 117-139 11. David Beetham (1996). Bureaucracy. 12. Franz Wirl (1998). "Socio-economic typologies of bureaucratic corruption and implications". J. Evolutionary Economics, 8(2):199–220. 13. Christopher Hood (2000), The Art of the State: Culture, Rhetoric, and Public Management. Oxford University Press. p. 76. 14. Liesbet Hooghe (2001). The European Commission and the integration of Europe: images of governance. Cambridge University Press. pp. 40–. 15. Marshall Sashkin, Molly G. Sashkin (2003). Leadership that matters: the critical factors for making a difference in people's lives and organizations' success. Berrett-Koehler Publishers. p. 52. 16. V Fritz, A.R. Menocal (2007). "Developmental states in the new millennium: Concepts and challenges for a new aid agenda". Development Policy Review, 25(5):531–552. 17. Charles T Call (2008). "The Fallacy of the 'Failed State'". Third World Quarterly, 29(8):1498. 18. George Ritzer (2009). Contemporary Sociological Theory and Its Classical Roots: The Basics. McGraw-Hill. pp. 38–42. 19. Tony Waters and Dagmar Waters (2015) "Bureaucracy" from Weber's Rationalism and Modern Society: New Translations on Politics, Bureaucracy, and Social Stratification. Palgrave MacMillan. 20. Noel D. Johnson, Mark Koyama(2017). "States and economic growth: Capacity and constraints". Explorations in Economic History, 64(April):1–20. 21. Elissa Berwick, Christia Fotini (2018). "State Capacity Redux: Integrating Classical and Experimental Contributions to an Enduring Debate". Annual Review of Political Science, 21(May):71–91. 22. Agnes Cornell, Carl Henrik Knutsen, Jan Teorell (2020). "Bureaucracy and Growth". Comparative Political Studies, 53(14):2246–2282.

Mark Hanis notes that too often when we focus on diversity and inclusion, we just focus on one aspect like gender or race. It's important to be conscious and vigilant about who's not in the room. Intersectionality plays an important role in this—asking not just “is there a woman in the room?” but “is there a woman of color?” or “is there a woman of color with disabilities or veteran status?” It can be a lot of work but it's important to start a meeting not just by saying what are we going to do but acknowledging who's missing, why, and what can we do to get them at the table so that their voice can be part of the debate. This is vital to truly representative democracy --- Send in a voice message: https://anchor.fm/nextgenpolitics/message

Ryan Knight chats with Senator Mike Gravel about his new book “The Failure of Representative Government and the Solution.” --- Support this podcast: https://anchor.fm/AmpedUp/support

In this episode of Let’s Get Civical, Lizzie and Arden talk to former Alaskan Senator Mike Gravel and author of the book “The Failure of Representative Government and the Solution”. Join them as they talk about the concept of direct democracy, how it would function in the United States, and the pros and cons of the system!  Follow us on Twitter and Instagram at @letsgetcivical, @lizzie_the_rock_stewart, and @ardenjulianna. Or visit us at letsgetcivical.com for all the exciting updates! Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Dean Edwards, editor and news anchor for Democracy Watch News interviews, retired U.S. Sen. Mike Gravel, about his book, The Failure of Representative Government and the Solution: A Legislature of the People.  https://www.authorhouse.com/en/bookstore/bookdetails/789312-the-failure-of-representative-government-and-the-solution   https://mikegravel.com/   Senator Gravel explains on Youtube   https://youtu.be/0NajtA-oH-o    From his book’s intro; “Like many political observers, I believe that our governmental institutions are in disarray and in many cases outright dysfunctional. As a result, our political constituencies are deeply and bitterly divided. This is the case of not just the United States’ political system. It’s a worldwide phenomenon affecting nations we call democracies—meaning governments where people vote to elect their political leaders.”  People were denied sovereignty and direct democracy from the beginning of the U.S.A in order to protect the practice of Slavery.  In grammar school he was called the local communist because he pointed out the plight of the poor. He got into politics at age 15 and the recognition from elected officials inspired him to get involved in many electoral campaigns as a grunt. He spent some time in New York at the Society for St. Tammany.  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tammany_Hall  An influential book for Mike was These Truths: A History of the United States https://smile.amazon.com/These-Truths-History-United-States/dp/B07FDL9QV9/ref=sr_1_1?crid=26GL5Y34V36E2&dchild=1&keywords=these+truths+a+history+of+the+united+states&qid=1586489390&s=audible&sprefix=These+Truths%2Caps%2C249&sr=1-1  Another influential book for the young Mike Gravel was The Anatomy of Peace by Emery Reves  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Anatomy_of_Peace  In 1971, U.S. Senator Mike Gravel took advantage of congressional privilege to disclose the contents of the Pentagon Papers, that were then kept secret. https://www.democracynow.org/2014/12/16/former_senator_mike_gravel_on_putting   #DirectDemocracy,#UnitedStates,#Constitution,#CitizenLegislation,#Philadelphia2,#MikeGravel,#ConstitutionalReform, #ParticipatoryDemocracy   Duration 1:11:37 Send listener feedback to    dwatchnews@earthlink.net   Our production team https://docs.google.com/document/d/1rnPeRDB3JTrr80N_NlLmUM7nEzrRejw8-5qFYd45W5M/edit?usp=sharing 

Former US Senator Mike Gravel returns to the show to share his thoughts on the recent ramping up of tensions with Iran, the 2020 election, Pete Buttigieg, Venezuela, and the Jeffrey Epstein case. Senator Gravel also answers patron questions and talks about his new book -- "The Failure of Representative Government and the Solution."Get access to the early episodes of PRIMO NUTMEG for only $1 a month on Patreon: https://patreon.com/primonutmegSubscribe to PRIMO NUTMEG on YouTube, Spotify and iTunes!https://primonutmeg.com/ https://facebook.com/primonutmeg/ https://twitter.com/primonutmeg/ https://instagram.com/primonutmeg/https://minds.com/primonutmeg/https://youtube.com/c/primonutmeg/Support the show (https://www.patreon.com/primonutmeg)

In this episode, we bring back world champion guest Jeff Spross to discuss Ross Douthat's argument against meritocracy, Bernard Yack's review of Bernard Manin's book The Principles of Representative Government, and finally Helen Andrews' case for aristocracy.

In which the New World's first representative government, the House of Burgesses, is outlined.

The second episode of American History Too! focuses on the Constitution of the United States.  To help us understand the goings-on down eighteenth century Philadelphia way, we bring aboard our very own American, and revolutionary scholar, Jane Judge.  During the podcast we examine why the US even needed a constitution, and whether it was all an exercise in elites getting richer or just a way of giving the British the intellectual middle-finger.  Malcolm also gets put on the spot regarding his comments in the last podcast, Jane tells us that Charles Beard is not a man to be listened to, and Mark argues that this is the first moment in American History where the axiom of the ‘New World’ is justified.  What’s more, we investigate whether Anti-Federalists were indeed ‘men of little faith’ and why Massachusetts was the most high-maintenance of all the former colonies.   Finally, we leap forward into the twenty-first century and discuss the relevance of the second amendment (hello AK-47s) and the legacy of the Founding Fathers in modern America. All this and much more on this week’s American History Too!.  Thanks to all of you who listened to the first podcast and we will be back in two weeks with a discussion of ever-fascinating Andrew Jackson. Cheers, Mark & Malcolm       Saul Cornell, ‘Aristocracy Assailed: The Ideology of Backcountry Anti-Federalism’, Journal of American History 76 (1990), pp.1148-1172      Cecelia M. Kenyon, ‘Men of Little Faith: The Anti-Federalists and the Nature of Representative Government’, William and Mary Quarterly, 12 (1955), pp.3-42    Lance Banning, ‘Republican Ideology and the Triumph of the Constitution, 1789 to 1793’, William and Mary Quarterly, 31 (1974), pp.167-188       Charles Beard, An Economic Interpretation of the Constitution of the United States (New York: Macmillan, 1921 [c1913]) – for full text see http://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=nyp.33433080136850;view=1up;seq=1      Pauline Maier, Ratification: The People Debate the Constitution, 1787-1788, (New York: Simon and Schuster, 2010)      Pauline Maier, American scripture : making the Declaration of Independence (New York:  Knopf, 1997)       Edmund S. Morgan, Inventing the people the rise of popular sovereignty in England and America, (New York: Norton, 1988) Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Development of the State (800.1) 71:0.1 THE state is a useful evolution of civilization; it represents society’s net gain from the ravages and sufferings of war. Even statecraft is merely the accumulated technique for adjusting the competitive contest of force between the struggling tribes and nations. (800.2) 71:0.2 The modern state is the institution which survived in the long struggle for group power. Superior power eventually prevailed, and it produced a creature of fact — the state — together with the moral myth of the absolute obligation of the citizen to live and die for the state. But the state is not of divine genesis; it was not even produced by volitionally intelligent human action; it is purely an evolutionary institution and was wholly automatic in origin. 1. The Embryonic State (800.3) 71:1.1 The state is a territorial social regulative organization, and the strongest, most efficient, and enduring state is composed of a single nation whose people have a common language, mores, and institutions. (800.4) 71:1.2 The early states were small and were all the result of conquest. They did not originate in voluntary associations. Many were founded by conquering nomads, who would swoop down on peaceful herders or settled agriculturists to overpower and enslave them. Such states, resulting from conquest, were, perforce, stratified; classes were inevitable, and class struggles have ever been selective. (800.5) 71:1.3 The northern tribes of the American red men never attained real statehood. They never progressed beyond a loose confederation of tribes, a very primitive form of state. Their nearest approach was the Iroquois federation, but this group of six nations never quite functioned as a state and failed to survive because of the absence of certain essentials to modern national life, such as: (800.6) 71:1.4 1. Acquirement and inheritance of private property. (800.7) 71:1.5 2. Cities plus agriculture and industry. (800.8) 71:1.6 3. Helpful domestic animals. (800.9) 71:1.7 4. Practical family organization. These red men clung to the mother-family and nephew inheritance. (800.10) 71:1.8 5. Definite territory. (800.11) 71:1.9 6. A strong executive head. (800.12) 71:1.10 7. Enslavement of captives — they either adopted or massacred them. (800.13) 71:1.11 8. Decisive conquests. (800.14) 71:1.12 The red men were too democratic; they had a good government, but it failed. Eventually they would have evolved a state had they not prematurely encountered the more advanced civilization of the white man, who was pursuing the governmental methods of the Greeks and the Romans. (801.1) 71:1.13 The successful Roman state was based on: (801.2) 71:1.14 1. The father-family. (801.3) 71:1.15 2. Agriculture and the domestication of animals. (801.4) 71:1.16 3. Condensation of population — cities. (801.5) 71:1.17 4. Private property and land. (801.6) 71:1.18 5. Slavery — classes of citizenship. (801.7) 71:1.19 6. Conquest and reorganization of weak and backward peoples. (801.8) 71:1.20 7. Definite territory with roads. (801.9) 71:1.21 8. Personal and strong rulers. (801.10) 71:1.22 The great weakness in Roman civilization, and a factor in the ultimate collapse of the empire, was the supposed liberal and advanced provision for the emancipation of the boy at twenty-one and the unconditional release of the girl so that she was at liberty to marry a man of her own choosing or to go abroad in the land to become immoral. The harm to society consisted not in these reforms themselves but rather in the sudden and extensive manner of their adoption. The collapse of Rome indicates what may be expected when a state undergoes too rapid extension associated with internal degeneration. (801.11) 71:1.23 The embryonic state was made possible by the decline of the blood bond in favor of the territorial, and such tribal federations were usually firmly cemented by conquest. While a sovereignty that transcends all minor struggles and group differences is the characteristic of the true state, still, many classes and castes persist in the later state organizations as remnants of the clans and tribes of former days. The later and larger territorial states had a long and bitter struggle with these smaller consanguineous clan groups, the tribal government proving a valuable transition from family to state authority. During later times many clans grew out of trades and other industrial associations. (801.12) 71:1.24 Failure of state integration results in retrogression to prestate conditions of governmental techniques, such as the feudalism of the European Middle Ages. During these dark ages the territorial state collapsed, and there was a reversion to the small castle groups, the reappearance of the clan and tribal stages of development. Similar semistates even now exist in Asia and Africa, but not all of them are evolutionary reversions; many are the embryonic nucleuses of states of the future. 2. The Evolution of Representative Government (801.13) 71:2.1 Democracy, while an ideal, is a product of civilization, not of evolution. Go slowly! select carefully! for the dangers of democracy are: (801.14) 71:2.2 1. Glorification of mediocrity. (801.15) 71:2.3 2. Choice of base and ignorant rulers. (801.16) 71:2.4 3. Failure to recognize the basic facts of social evolution. (801.17) 71:2.5 4. Danger of universal suffrage in the hands of uneducated and indolent majorities. (801.18) 71:2.6 5. Slavery to public opinion; the majority is not always right. (802.1) 71:2.7 Public opinion, common opinion, has always delayed society; nevertheless, it is valuable, for, while retarding social evolution, it does preserve civilization. Education of public opinion is the only safe and true method of accelerating civilization; force is only a temporary expedient, and cultural growth will increasingly accelerate as bullets give way to ballots. Public opinion, the mores, is the basic and elemental energy in social evolution and state development, but to be of state value it must be nonviolent in expression. (802.2) 71:2.8 The measure of the advance of society is directly determined by the degree to which public opinion can control personal behavior and state regulation through nonviolent expression. The really civilized government had arrived when public opinion was clothed with the powers of personal franchise. Popular elections may not always decide things rightly, but they represent the right way even to do a wrong thing. Evolution does not at once produce superlative perfection but rather comparative and advancing practical adjustment. (802.3) 71:2.9 There are ten steps, or stages, to the evolution of a practical and efficient form of representative government, and these are: (802.4) 71:2.10 1. Freedom of the person. Slavery, serfdom, and all forms of human bondage must disappear. (802.5) 71:2.11 2. Freedom of the mind. Unless a free people are educated — taught to think intelligently and plan wisely — freedom usually does more harm than good. (802.6) 71:2.12 3. The reign of law. Liberty can be enjoyed only when the will and whims of human rulers are replaced by legislative enactments in accordance with accepted fundamental law. (802.7) 71:2.13 4. Freedom of speech. Representative government is unthinkable without freedom of all forms of expression for human aspirations and opinions. (802.8) 71:2.14 5. Security of property. No government can long endure if it fails to provide for the right to enjoy personal property in some form. Man craves the right to use, control, bestow, sell, lease, and bequeath his personal property. (802.9) 71:2.15 6. The right of petition. Representative government assumes the right of citizens to be heard. The privilege of petition is inherent in free citizenship. (802.10) 71:2.16 7. The right to rule. It is not enough to be heard; the power of petition must progress to the actual management of the government. (802.11) 71:2.17 8. Universal suffrage. Representative government presupposes an intelligent, efficient, and universal electorate. The character of such a government will ever be determined by the character and caliber of those who compose it. As civilization progresses, suffrage, while remaining universal for both sexes, will be effectively modified, regrouped, and otherwise differentiated. (802.12) 71:2.18 9. Control of public servants. No civil government will be serviceable and effective unless the citizenry possess and use wise techniques of guiding and controlling officeholders and public servants. (802.13) 71:2.19 10. Intelligent and trained representation. The survival of democracy is dependent on successful representative government; and that is conditioned upon the practice of electing to public offices only those individuals who are technically trained, intellectually competent, socially loyal, and morally fit. Only by such provisions can government of the people, by the people, and for the people be preserved. 3. The Ideals of Statehood (803.1) 71:3.1 The political or administrative form of a government is of little consequence provided it affords the essentials of civil progress — liberty, security, education, and social co-ordination. It is not what a state is but what it does that determines the course of social evolution. And after all, no state can transcend the moral values of its citizenry as exemplified in their chosen leaders. Ignorance and selfishness will insure the downfall of even the highest type of government. (803.2) 71:3.2 Much as it is to be regretted, national egotism has been essential to social survival. The chosen people doctrine has been a prime factor in tribal welding and nation building right on down to modern times. But no state can attain ideal levels of functioning until every form of intolerance is mastered; it is everlastingly inimical to human progress. And intolerance is best combated by the co-ordination of science, commerce, play, and religion. (803.3) 71:3.3 The ideal state functions under the impulse of three mighty and co-ordinated drives: (803.4) 71:3.4 1. Love loyalty derived from the realization of human brotherhood. (803.5) 71:3.5 2. Intelligent patriotism based on wise ideals. (803.6) 71:3.6 3. Cosmic insight interpreted in terms of planetary facts, needs, and goals. (803.7) 71:3.7 The laws of the ideal state are few in number, and they have passed out of the negativistic taboo age into the era of the positive progress of individual liberty consequent upon enhanced self-control. The exalted state not only compels its citizens to work but also entices them into profitable and uplifting utilization of the increasing leisure which results from toil liberation by the advancing machine age. Leisure must produce as well as consume. (803.8) 71:3.8 No society has progressed very far when it permits idleness or tolerates poverty. But poverty and dependence can never be eliminated if the defective and degenerate stocks are freely supported and permitted to reproduce without restraint. (803.9) 71:3.9 A moral society should aim to preserve the self-respect of its citizenry and afford every normal individual adequate opportunity for self-realization. Such a plan of social achievement would yield a cultural society of the highest order. Social evolution should be encouraged by governmental supervision which exercises a minimum of regulative control. That state is best which co-ordinates most while governing least. (803.10) 71:3.10 The ideals of statehood must be attained by evolution, by the slow growth of civic consciousness, the recognition of the obligation and privilege of social service. At first men assume the burdens of government as a duty, following the end of the administration of political spoilsmen, but later on they seek such ministry as a privilege, as the greatest honor. The status of any level of civilization is faithfully portrayed by the caliber of its citizens who volunteer to accept the responsibilities of statehood. (803.11) 71:3.11 In a real commonwealth the business of governing cities and provinces is conducted by experts and is managed just as are all other forms of economic and commercial associations of people. (803.12) 71:3.12 In advanced states, political service is esteemed as the highest devotion of the citizenry. The greatest ambition of the wisest and noblest of citizens is to gain civil recognition, to be elected or appointed to some position of governmental trust, and such governments confer their highest honors of recognition for service upon their civil and social servants. Honors are next bestowed in the order named upon philosophers, educators, scientists, industrialists, and militarists. Parents are duly rewarded by the excellency of their children, and purely religious leaders, being ambassadors of a spiritual kingdom, receive their real rewards in another world. 4. Progressive Civilization (804.1) 71:4.1 Economics, society, and government must evolve if they are to remain. Static conditions on an evolutionary world are indicative of decay; only those institutions which move forward with the evolutionary stream persist. (804.2) 71:4.2 The progressive program of an expanding civilization embraces: (804.3) 71:4.3 1. Preservation of individual liberties. (804.4) 71:4.4 2. Protection of the home. (804.5) 71:4.5 3. Promotion of economic security. (804.6) 71:4.6 4. Prevention of disease. (804.7) 71:4.7 5. Compulsory education. (804.8) 71:4.8 6. Compulsory employment. (804.9) 71:4.9 7. Profitable utilization of leisure. (804.10) 71:4.10 8. Care of the unfortunate. (804.11) 71:4.11 9. Race improvement. (804.12) 71:4.12 10. Promotion of science and art. (804.13) 71:4.13 11. Promotion of philosophy — wisdom. (804.14) 71:4.14 12. Augmentation of cosmic insight — spirituality. (804.15) 71:4.15 And this progress in the arts of civilization leads directly to the realization of the highest human and divine goals of mortal endeavor — the social achievement of the brotherhood of man and the personal status of God-consciousness, which becomes revealed in the supreme desire of every individual to do the will of the Father in heaven. (804.16) 71:4.16 The appearance of genuine brotherhood signifies that a social order has arrived in which all men delight in bearing one another’s burdens; they actually desire to practice the golden rule. But such an ideal society cannot be realized when either the weak or the wicked lie in wait to take unfair and unholy advantage of those who are chiefly actuated by devotion to the service of truth, beauty, and goodness. In such a situation only one course is practical: The “golden rulers” may establish a progressive society in which they live according to their ideals while maintaining an adequate defense against their benighted fellows who might seek either to exploit their pacific predilections or to destroy their advancing civilization. (804.17) 71:4.17 Idealism can never survive on an evolving planet if the idealists in each generation permit themselves to be exterminated by the baser orders of humanity. And here is the great test of idealism: Can an advanced society maintain that military preparedness which renders it secure from all attack by its war-loving neighbors without yielding to the temptation to employ this military strength in offensive operations against other peoples for purposes of selfish gain or national aggrandizement? National survival demands preparedness, and religious idealism alone can prevent the prostitution of preparedness into aggression. Only love, brotherhood, can prevent the strong from oppressing the weak. 5. The Evolution of Competition (805.1) 71:5.1 Competition is essential to social progress, but competition, unregulated, breeds violence. In current society, competition is slowly displacing war in that it determines the individual’s place in industry, as well as decreeing the survival of the industries themselves. (Murder and war differ in their status before the mores, murder having been outlawed since the early days of society, while war has never yet been outlawed by mankind as a whole.) (805.2) 71:5.2 The ideal state undertakes to regulate social conduct only enough to take violence out of individual competition and to prevent unfairness in personal initiative. Here is a great problem in statehood: How can you guarantee peace and quiet in industry, pay the taxes to support state power, and at the same time prevent taxation from handicapping industry and keep the state from becoming parasitical or tyrannical? (805.3) 71:5.3 Throughout the earlier ages of any world, competition is essential to progressive civilization. As the evolution of man progresses, co-operation becomes increasingly effective. In advanced civilizations co-operation is more efficient than competition. Early man is stimulated by competition. Early evolution is characterized by the survival of the biologically fit, but later civilizations are the better promoted by intelligent co-operation, understanding fraternity, and spiritual brotherhood. (805.4) 71:5.4 True, competition in industry is exceedingly wasteful and highly ineffective, but no attempt to eliminate this economic lost motion should be countenanced if such adjustments entail even the slightest abrogation of any of the basic liberties of the individual. 6. The Profit Motive (805.5) 71:6.1 Present-day profit-motivated economics is doomed unless profit motives can be augmented by service motives. Ruthless competition based on narrow-minded self-interest is ultimately destructive of even those things which it seeks to maintain. Exclusive and self-serving profit motivation is incompatible with Christian ideals — much more incompatible with the teachings of Jesus. (805.6) 71:6.2 In economics, profit motivation is to service motivation what fear is to love in religion. But the profit motive must not be suddenly destroyed or removed; it keeps many otherwise slothful mortals hard at work. It is not necessary, however, that this social energy arouser be forever selfish in its objectives. (805.7) 71:6.3 The profit motive of economic activities is altogether base and wholly unworthy of an advanced order of society; nevertheless, it is an indispensable factor throughout the earlier phases of civilization. Profit motivation must not be taken away from men until they have firmly possessed themselves of superior types of nonprofit motives for economic striving and social serving — the transcendent urges of superlative wisdom, intriguing brotherhood, and excellency of spiritual attainment. 7. Education (806.1) 71:7.1 The enduring state is founded on culture, dominated by ideals, and motivated by service. The purpose of education should be acquirement of skill, pursuit of wisdom, realization of selfhood, and attainment of spiritual values. (806.2) 71:7.2 In the ideal state, education continues throughout life, and philosophy sometime becomes the chief pursuit of its citizens. The citizens of such a commonwealth pursue wisdom as an enhancement of insight into the significance of human relations, the meanings of reality, the nobility of values, the goals of living, and the glories of cosmic destiny. (806.3) 71:7.3 Urantians should get a vision of a new and higher cultural society. Education will jump to new levels of value with the passing of the purely profit-motivated system of economics. Education has too long been localistic, militaristic, ego exalting, and success seeking; it must eventually become world-wide, idealistic, self-realizing, and cosmic grasping. (806.4) 71:7.4 Education recently passed from the control of the clergy to that of lawyers and businessmen. Eventually it must be given over to the philosophers and the scientists. Teachers must be free beings, real leaders, to the end that philosophy, the search for wisdom, may become the chief educational pursuit. (806.5) 71:7.5 Education is the business of living; it must continue throughout a lifetime so that mankind may gradually experience the ascending levels of mortal wisdom, which are: (806.6) 71:7.6 1. The knowledge of things. (806.7) 71:7.7 2. The realization of meanings. (806.8) 71:7.8 3. The appreciation of values. (806.9) 71:7.9 4. The nobility of work — duty. (806.10) 71:7.10 5. The motivation of goals — morality. (806.11) 71:7.11 6. The love of service — character. (806.12) 71:7.12 7. Cosmic insight — spiritual discernment. (806.13) 71:7.13 And then, by means of these achievements, many will ascend to the mortal ultimate of mind attainment, God-consciousness. 8. The Character of Statehood (806.14) 71:8.1 The only sacred feature of any human government is the division of statehood into the three domains of executive, legislative, and judicial functions. The universe is administered in accordance with such a plan of segregation of functions and authority. Aside from this divine concept of effective social regulation or civil government, it matters little what form of state a people may elect to have provided the citizenry is ever progressing toward the goal of augmented self-control and increased social service. The intellectual keenness, economic wisdom, social cleverness, and moral stamina of a people are all faithfully reflected in statehood. (806.15) 71:8.2 The evolution of statehood entails progress from level to level, as follows: (806.16) 71:8.3 1. The creation of a threefold government of executive, legislative, and judicial branches. (806.17) 71:8.4 2. The freedom of social, political, and religious activities. (807.1) 71:8.5 3. The abolition of all forms of slavery and human bondage. (807.2) 71:8.6 4. The ability of the citizenry to control the levying of taxes. (807.3) 71:8.7 5. The establishment of universal education — learning extended from the cradle to the grave. (807.4) 71:8.8 6. The proper adjustment between local and national governments. (807.5) 71:8.9 7. The fostering of science and the conquest of disease. (807.6) 71:8.10 8. The due recognition of sex equality and the co-ordinated functioning of men and women in the home, school, and church, with specialized service of women in industry and government. (807.7) 71:8.11 9. The elimination of toiling slavery by machine invention and the subsequent mastery of the machine age. (807.8) 71:8.12 10. The conquest of dialects — the triumph of a universal language. (807.9) 71:8.13 11. The ending of war — international adjudication of national and racial differences by continental courts of nations presided over by a supreme planetary tribunal automatically recruited from the periodically retiring heads of the continental courts. The continental courts are authoritative; the world court is advisory — moral. (807.10) 71:8.14 12. The world-wide vogue of the pursuit of wisdom — the exaltation of philosophy. The evolution of a world religion, which will presage the entrance of the planet upon the earlier phases of settlement in light and life. (807.11) 71:8.15 These are the prerequisites of progressive government and the earmarks of ideal statehood. Urantia is far from the realization of these exalted ideals, but the civilized races have made a beginning — mankind is on the march toward higher evolutionary destinies. (807.12) 71:8.16 [Sponsored by a Melchizedek of Nebadon.]

John Samples joins Aaron and Trevor in looking at the relationship between money and political speech. Campaign finance is a perennial issue, but much of the argument about it rests on often unexamined assumptions. Is money speech? If it is, can we still restrict its role in politics? If it isn’t, what’s its relation to political speech? What does it mean to say elections can be corrupted by too much speech?Samples is director of Cato’s Center for Representative Government, and author of “The Fallacy of Campaign Finance Reform.” See acast.com/privacy for privacy and opt-out information.

What is the role of government in society? Different answers to this question have important consequences. Such disagreement recently led to the partial shutdown of the U.S. government. Thinkers from Aristotle to the American Founders to Ron Paul have argued that a crucial role of government is to protect individuals’ liberty to pursue happiness. While other thinkers have challenged this view, deeming it simplistic or unambitious in its pursuits, the Millennial generation has widely adopted the mantra “live and let live.” These arguments about liberty imply other questions. What are the benefits of a political system based on liberty? What are the implications of limiting individual liberty in pursuit of collective goals, whether on the Right or the Left? And how will the appeal of liberty to young people change the way the world views government? Please join us on October 14 at 6:00p.m. for an exploration of these ideas and more. See acast.com/privacy for privacy and opt-out information.

Sarah and John discuss Tim Tebow's trade to the Jets, the upcoming American Political Science Association's Conference, and the joy of playing good defense. Plus, we inaugurate a new segment (rather poorly...but you be the judge of that) called "tell me something you don't know." Send us your questions and comments to twoindependents@gmail.com and give us reviews on Itunes! We need reviews!

Institute of Commonwealth Studies, Chair: Professor David Killingray Mr John H Smith, CBE, Sir Brian Barder, KCMG, Professor Colin Baker, MBE, Dr Jonathan Lawley

Institute of Commonwealth Studies, Professor Philip Murphy

Institute of Commonwealth Studies, Professor Philip Murphy

Institute of Commonwealth Studies, Chair: Professor Lord Hennessy of Nympsfield, Mr Christopher Cochran, Mr Thomas Russell CMG, CBE, Mr Simon Gillett, Professor David Murray.

Institute of Commonwealth Studies, Chair: Professor Lord Hennessy of Nympsfield, Mr Christopher Cochran, Mr Thomas Russell CMG, CBE, Mr Simon Gillett, Professor David Murray.

Institute of Commonwealth Studies, Chair: Professor Philip Murphy Mr Ian Buist, CB, Mr Hubert Allen, Mr John Twining, Mr Wyn Reilly

Institute of Commonwealth Studies, Chair: Professor Philip Murphy Mr Ian Buist, CB, Mr Hubert Allen, Mr John Twining, Mr Wyn Reilly

Institute of Commonwealth Studies, Chair: Professor David Killingray Mr John H Smith, CBE Sir Brian Barder, KCMG, Professor Colin Baker, MBE, Dr Jonathan Lawley

It's hard to believe something which makes us so uncomfortable is a good thing, but it really is.

Shareholder discontent with martial law in the new colony prompted the creation of the “New Charter” which directly led to the first legislative assembly in the New World.