Podcasts about Old French

Send us a textWhen I say the word 'imagination' what comes to mind first? What age were you when you last used your imagination? I mean used it and then bragged about your skills to someone else? Were you a kid in school?I think of SpongeBob, shaping his hands into a rainbow saying slowly, "Imagination!"  What if I told you it's not just the stuff of childhood? In fact, it may be a superpower. It is definitely a bridge between an idea and reality.Let's get into it.Imagination 101Middle English: via Old French from Latin imaginatio(n- ), from the verb imaginari ‘picture to oneself', it is the ability of the mind to be creative or resourceful. This root definition of the term indicates the self-reflexive property of imagination, emphasizing the imagination as a private sphere.Google charts the use of the word 'imagination' and its low point, the time when it was least used? The early 1980s was the low point of the use of the word imagination, followed closely by 1944. Wow.Singularity Hub dot com asks this;" You can easily picture yourself riding a bicycle across the sky even though that's not something that can actually happen. You can envision yourself doing something you've never done before—like water skiing—and maybe even imagine a better way to do it than anyone else."They continue, "Imagination involves creating a mental image of something that is not present for your senses to detect, or even something that isn't out there in reality somewhere. Imagination is one of the key abilities that make us human. But where did it come from?"Show Sources & Materials (Interesting stuff to read, listen or watch NEXT) The Magic of Trees, Curious Cat Podcast, iHeart RadioDream! Dream! Dream! Curious Cat Podcast, BuzzsproutNew theory demystifies evolution of human imagination, News-Medical.net, Sally RobertsonImagination as defined and described by University of ChicagoThe FOUR Types of Imagination, NewScientist, Adam Zeman Have you tried the GoodPods app yet? It's free and a fun way to share podcasts with friends and family! Curious Cat Podcast is there, and is sitting pretty in the Top 5 of Angels and other categories! Be one of the first to share and recommend podcasts to your friends. Curious Cat Crew on Socials:Curious Cat on Twitter (X)Curious Cat on InstagramCurious Cat on TikTokArt Director, Nora, has a handmade, ethically-sourced jewelry company!

Merriam-Webster's Word of the Day for April 26, 2025 is: nonchalant • nahn-shuh-LAHNT • adjective Someone described as nonchalant is relaxed and calm, either because they do not care about something or because they are not worried about something. Nonchalant can also be used to describe something, such as demeanor or behavior, that expresses such relaxed, calm unconcern. // The team showed a somewhat nonchalant attitude at the beginning of the season, but they became more serious once the championship was within reach. See the entry > Examples: "He is largely unaffected by the fame and fortune and all the talk of greatness tends to be greeted with a nonchalant shrug." — The Evening Times (Glasgow, Scotland), 19 Mar. 2024 Did you know? Since nonchalant ultimately comes from words meaning "not" and "be warm," it's no surprise that the word is all about keeping one's cool. Nonchalant's Old French ancestor is the verb nonchaloir, meaning "to disregard," which combines non-, meaning "not," with chaloir, meaning "to concern." Chaloir in turn traces back to the Latin calēre, meaning "to be warm" (calēre is also the forerunner of the heat-related English word calorie). You might assume that the prefix non- implies the existence of an antonymous chalant, but no such word has developed in English. It's no big deal though—if you want a word that means the opposite of nonchalant, both concerned and interested can do the job.

Old Norse translations of Old French romances played a critical role in introducing ideas of courtliness and chivalry and cultivating a shared European literary culture in thirteenth-century Norway. In this episode, scholar of Old Norse studies Mary Catherine O'Connor examines the reasons for translation, how these translations were produced, and a case study of one translated work to consider the role of cultural encounter as it is revealed through translation and literary transformation.For more information, visit www.multiculturalmiddleages.com.

Hi beloved, how are you doing? Can we talk about ANGER? Take a deep breath, focus in and lets explore the interconnection of the MIND, BODY AND SPIRIT'S perspective.I used to think anger was something to avoid, a messy emotion I had to shove down. But I've come to see it differently—it's a life force, a signal flaring up when my boundaries or needs get trampled. It's not the enemy; it's trying to tell me something matters.Honoring Your Anger's Brutal TruthI think by sharing two words and their etymology - you'll get the point of this sweet little drop here today. ✌

When people hear Luke 8:18, they assume it is talking about stuff.But Luke, like the Book of Job, is not about stuff.It is about darkness and light.When people evaluate others—their first mistake is that they evaluate at all—they measure what others have. That is how the Duopoly assesses Job. They love him because he was rich, pity him because he was poor, judge him because he was self-righteous, or cheer him because he did not give up.They experience the full range of human suffering, not through their own trials, but by observing and evaluating others.They think they are something when they are nothing—wolves in sheep's clothing.Women and men who glory in the flesh; who glory in the suffering of others.They are the Duopoly—the "both-sidesies" people.Thus says the Lord: There is only one side; my throne in the heavens. It is mine, my kingdom rules over all, and I am not mocked.Even what they think they have is already gone, fading before they can grasp it—lost in their foolish desire to measure it.There is only one thing needful.And it cannot be counted as loss, because it does not come from them.That is why they think it has no meaning—because it is not of their making.Those who think like them, who act like them, will become like them.This week, I discuss Luke 8:18.Show Notesἔχειν (to have) and δοκεῖ ἔχειν (thinks he has)1 Corinthians 8:2οὐδεὶς θεὸς εἰ μὴ εἷς “There is no god except one.” (oudeis theos ei mē heis)لَّا إِلَـٰهَ إِلَّا هُوَ “There is no god but him.” (lā ilāha illā huwa; common phrase, e.g., Surah Al-Baqarah, 255)שְׁמַע יִרָאֵל יְהוָה (אֲדֹנָי) אֱלֹהֵינוּ יְהוָה (אֲדֹנָי) אֶחָד “Hear O Israel: the Lord our God, the Lord is one.” (shamaʿ yisra'il, yahweh [adonai] eloheinu, yahweh [adonai] aḥad; Deuteronomy 6:4)Galatians 6:3δοθήσεται (it will be given)Romans 12:31 Corinthians 4:7ἀρθήσεται (it will be taken away)Romans 11:21-22ἐκκόπτω (ekkoptō) “cut off, cut down” כ-ל-ה (kaf-lamed-he)To complete, finish, or bring to an end. Destruction, annihilation, perishing.2 Corinthians 13:5Luke makes 2 Corinthians functional in 8:18, reinforcing “the light” in 8:17 as an implement of testing. See my comments on the previous verse: φανερός / ב-ח-ן (bet-ḥet-nun) / م-ح-ن (mīm-ḥāʾ-nūn)In Latin, “en-” and “ex-” are prefixes with distinct meanings:The word “encounter” comes from the Old French “encontre,” which means “meeting” or “opposition,” and is derived from the Latin “in-” (meaning “in” or “on”) and “contra” (meaning “against” or “opposite”). At its root, “encounter” literally means “to meet against” or “to face.”In contrast, the anti-biblical term “experience” signifies “going through a test” or “emerging from a trial.” It emphasizes the personal involvement and subjective perception of events, where meaning is drawn from one's own reference point. This internalized perspective distinguishes experience from encounter, as it places the self at the center of interpretation, making it inherently self-referential.I appreciate Father Paul Tarazi for highlighting this distinction and Matthew Cooper for further exploring the Latin etymologies with us—over coffee. ☕ ★ Support this podcast on Patreon ★

For this month's primary source, our excerpt follows the infamous Easter Revolt* in 1192. After the Templars purchased Cyprus from King Richard the Lionheart, they initiated the heavy-handed exploitation of Cyprus, culminating in a revolt against the Templars and the subsequent transfer of Cyprus back to Richard. This will springboard us into my next interview with Professor Emeritus, Peter Edbury, and the Templar Rule in Cyprus.  *This excerpt comes from the The Estoire d'Eracles -- an anonymous Old French chronicle and a continuation to William of Tyre's, "History of Deeds Done Beyond the Sea." The chronicle begins with the reconquest of Jerusalem in 630 CE during Roman emperor Heraclius' reign (hence the name, Heraclius' History) and ends with Saladin's conquest of Jerusalem. 

Merriam-Webster's Word of the Day for January 10, 2025 is: untenable • un-TEN-uh-bul • adjective Something, such as a position, excuse, or situation, that is described as untenable cannot be defended against attack or criticism. // The scientists considered their colleague's theory to be bold but ultimately untenable. See the entry > Examples: "According to The Economist, the disparity between investor enthusiasm about AI and reality might be untenable. They report that only 5% of U.S. businesses say they use AI in their products and services, and few AI start-ups are turning a profit. Most notably, OpenAI, the creator of ChatGPT, expects to lose around $5 billion this year because of huge outflows for employee salaries and the massive energy costs associated with running large language models (LLMs)." — Will Ebiefung, The Motley Fool, 25 Nov. 2024 Did you know? Untenable and its opposite tenable come to us from the Old French verb tenir ("to hold, have possession of"), and ultimately from the Latin verb tenēre ("to hold, occupy, possess"). We tend to use untenable in situations where an idea or position is so off base that holding onto it is unjustified or inexcusable. One way to hold onto the meaning of untenable is to associate it with other tenēre descendants whose meanings are associated with "holding" or "holding onto." Tenacious ("holding fast") is one example. Others are contain, detain, sustain, maintain, and retain. Spanish speakers may also recognize tenēre as a predecessor of the commonplace verb tener, which retains the meaning of "to hold or possess."

Merriam-Webster's Word of the Day for January 10, 2025 is: untenable • un-TEN-uh-bul • adjective Something, such as a position, excuse, or situation, that is described as untenable cannot be defended against attack or criticism. // The scientists considered their colleague's theory to be bold but ultimately untenable. See the entry > Examples: "According to The Economist, the disparity between investor enthusiasm about AI and reality might be untenable. They report that only 5% of U.S. businesses say they use AI in their products and services, and few AI start-ups are turning a profit. Most notably, OpenAI, the creator of ChatGPT, expects to lose around $5 billion this year because of huge outflows for employee salaries and the massive energy costs associated with running large language models (LLMs)." — Will Ebiefung, The Motley Fool, 25 Nov. 2024 Did you know? Untenable and its opposite tenable come to us from the Old French verb tenir ("to hold, have possession of"), and ultimately from the Latin verb tenēre ("to hold, occupy, possess"). We tend to use untenable in situations where an idea or position is so off base that holding onto it is unjustified or inexcusable. One way to hold onto the meaning of untenable is to associate it with other tenēre descendants whose meanings are associated with "holding" or "holding onto." Tenacious ("holding fast") is one example. Others are contain, detain, sustain, maintain, and retain. Spanish speakers may also recognize tenēre as a predecessor of the commonplace verb tener, which retains the meaning of "to hold or possess."

The best way to spread cheer is singing loud for all to hear. — Elf (attributed to Buddy the Elf, written by David Berenbaum) Express Yourself! teen radio host, Julia Howe, is part of a Grammy-winning choral group who have recently been nominated for Best American Roots Song and Best American Folk Album for the 67th Grammy Awards as we were featured on folk artist Aoife O' Donovan's recent album All My Friends. Julia begins the program by talking about the history of Christmas caroling. The word “carol” comes from the Old French word carole, (cahull), which meant a circle dance with singing. She provides the background of caroling from the early days of Christianity until modern times. She then introduces the choral groups that provide the beautiful holiday music you'll hear. The Waves The Waves is a Bay Area youth-led acappella group that blends traditional and modern songs, pushing the boundaries of choir music with creative experimentation. The group aims to bring youth perspectives to traditional choral performance. The San Francisco Girls Chorus San Francisco Girls Chorus prepares girls and young women from diverse backgrounds for success, on stage and in life, through rigorous, empowering music education, and enriches Bay Area cultural life through innovative vocal performance. www.sfgirlschorus.org Lick-Wilmerding Vocal Ensemble The Lick-Wilmerding Vocal Ensemble offers training to high school students with no prior experience, transforming them into confident performers. With a focus on vocal technique and musical expression, the ensemble builds a community of young singers who are passionate about music and performance. The next time you hear a carol, think about the history of caroling, connecting to centuries of celebrations, resilience, and pure holiday magic. Happy Holiday Hootenanny from Express Yourself!™ Teen Radio, StarStyle® Productions, LLC, and Be the Star You Are!® 501 c3 charity. Enjoy the beautiful voices. Savor the show! Follow us: https://www.starstyleradio.com/expressyourselfteenradio • https://www.facebook.com/ExpressYourselfTeenRadio/ • https://www.facebook.com/BTSYAcharity/ • https://www.instagram.com/expressyourselfradio/ Sign up for FREE Newsletter: https://cynthiabrian.substack.com/ Buy shirts and hats with BTSYA logos: https://www.bonfire.com/store/be-the-star-you-are-merch/ Listen at Voice America Network, Empowerment Channel: https://sites.libsyn.com/560220

In this episode, we discover the Celtic roots of words for garter in English and French. The English word garter refers to a band around the leg to hold up a sock or stocking. It comes from Old Northern French gartier (garter), from Old French garet (knee, leg), from Vulgar Latin *garra (shank, calf), from […]

In this Adventure in Etymology, we’re looking into the origins of the word origin, and randomly looking at the word random. A random and original rowing boat Origin [ˈɒɹ.ɪ.dʒɪn/ˈɔɹ.ɪ.dʒɪn] is: The beginning of something The source of a river, information, goods, etc It comes from Middle English origyne [ɔˈridʒin(ə)] (origin, lineage, provenance), from Old French […]

The Daily Quiz - General Knowledge Today's Questions: Question 1: What is the 3-letter order which, when given by a patient, calls for no chest compressions? Question 2: The word "renaissance" comes from the Old French "renaistre", which means what? Question 3: Which word is defined as 'a sickly or weak person, especially one who is constantly and morbidly concerned with his or her health'? Question 4: Which word is defined as 'pretentious nonsense'? Question 5: What term is used to describe the process of preparing wool fibers before they are spun? Question 6: In British English, what does a 'Biro' refer to? Question 7: What is the "P" in UPS, the world's largest package delivery company? Question 8: Which word is defined as 'loudness and clarity of enunciation'? Question 9: In phonetics, the b in 'boat' is an example of what kind of sound? This podcast is produced by Klassic Studios Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Merriam-Webster's Word of the Day for July 14, 2024 is: coterie • KOH-tuh-ree • noun Coterie refers to an intimate and often exclusive group of people with a unifying common interest or purpose. // The mayor arrived at the meeting with a coterie of advisors. See the entry > Examples: "By day I was exposed to third-wave-feminist texts—lots of talk about claiming my power and rejecting gender roles. But on evenings and weekends, the small coterie of Latino students enrolled in my predominantly white college would gather and dance. The chasm between the bodily autonomy I was being empowered to have intellectually and the physical pliability to a partner's will that salsa required was simply too wide for my teenage brain to bridge." — Xochitl Gonzalez, The Atlantic, 15 Jan. 2024 Did you know? A coterie today is, in essence, a clique—that is, a tight-knit group sharing interests in common. Historically, however, coteries hung around agricultural fields, not garden parties. In medieval France, coterie referred to a group of feudal peasants who together held a parcel of land (that coterie comes from the Old French word for a single peasant, cotier). Such associations of country people inspired later French speakers to use coterie more broadly and apply it to other kinds of clubs and societies. By the time the word began appearing in English texts in the early 1700s, its meaning had been extended to refer to any circle of people who spent a great deal of time together, who shared the same basic attitudes, and who held a passion for some particular topic. Coterie mostly appears now in formal speech and writing, and tends also to imply a bit of exclusivity—if you're thinking of joining your local coterie, you may need to learn the secret handshake, or perhaps bone up on the latest techniques for harvesting barley.

Merriam-Webster's Word of the Day for July 14, 2024 is: coterie • KOH-tuh-ree • noun Coterie refers to an intimate and often exclusive group of people with a unifying common interest or purpose. // The mayor arrived at the meeting with a coterie of advisors. See the entry > Examples: "By day I was exposed to third-wave-feminist texts—lots of talk about claiming my power and rejecting gender roles. But on evenings and weekends, the small coterie of Latino students enrolled in my predominantly white college would gather and dance. The chasm between the bodily autonomy I was being empowered to have intellectually and the physical pliability to a partner's will that salsa required was simply too wide for my teenage brain to bridge." — Xochitl Gonzalez, The Atlantic, 15 Jan. 2024 Did you know? A coterie today is, in essence, a clique—that is, a tight-knit group sharing interests in common. Historically, however, coteries hung around agricultural fields, not garden parties. In medieval France, coterie referred to a group of feudal peasants who together held a parcel of land (that coterie comes from the Old French word for a singular peasant, cotier). Such associations of country people inspired later French speakers to use coterie more broadly and apply it to other kinds of clubs and societies. By the time the word began appearing in English texts in the early 1700s, its meaning had been extended to refer to any circle of people who spent a great deal of time together, who shared the same basic attitudes, and who held a passion for some particular topic. Coterie mostly appears now in formal speech and writing, and tends also to imply a bit of exclusivity—if you're thinking of joining your local coterie, you may need to learn the secret handshake, or perhaps bone up on the latest techniques for harvesting barley.

Join us in Jerusalem for Ohr Samayach's Inaugural Yarchei Kallah event from July 1st to 4th, 2024! Featuring HaRav Yitzchak Breitowitz shlit"a & HaRav Asher Weiss shlit"a  Click here for more information.   Dont miss this one of a kind experience!   Dedication opportunities are available for episodes and series at  https://ohr.edu/donate/qa   Questions? Comments? podcasts@ohr.edu   Yeshivat Ohr Somayach located in the heart of Jerusalem, is an educational institution for young Jewish English-speaking men. We have a range of classes and programs designed for the intellectually curious and academically inclined - for those with no background in Jewish learning to those who are proficient in Gemara and other original source material. To find the perfect program for you, please visit our website https://ohr.edu/study_in_israel​ whatsapp us at https://bit.ly/OSREGISTER or call our placement specialist at 1-254-981-0133 today!   Subscribe to the Rabbi Breitowitz Q&A Podcast at https://plnk.to/rbq&a   Submit questions for the Q&A with Rabbi Breitowitz https://forms.gle/VCZSK3wQJJ4fSd3Q7   Subscribe to our YouTube Channel at https://www.youtube.com/c/OhrSomayach/videos   00:00 - It says in the aggedeta in Sotah that Pharoh knew psukim in the Torah. How could he know them before the Torah was given?   03:25 - What does it mean in the Gemara when it says a certain ‘kal vhomer' is ‘dayo'?   10:25 - Do we have to risk our lives for the Mitzvah of Yishuv Eretz Yisrael?   21:45 - Why do we wrap Tefillin in a certain way? What is its significance?   24:50 - What is the significance of the four-headed shin on the side of the tefillin?   30:00 - Is there anything wrong with selling a Sefer to a goy if he cannot learn from it?   36:50 - How could it be that amoraim of the Gemara could make a mistake? (Gittin עז:)   40:50 - What is the connection between Birchas Cohanim and dreams?   44:25 - Why don't we sing between the verses of Birchas Cohanim everyday, like we do on Yom Tov?   46:15 - How could it be that the ‘Gemara' is mentioned in the Gemara itself, before it was compiled?   50:00 - Dovid HaMelech says he wants to be connected to Hashem all the days of his life. Does this mean he should have been in Kollel rather than waging wars?   59:50 - What is the origin and kedushah of Aramaic?   65:45 - Why is the order of Mishnayos in Bava Kama the way it is and why does the Rambam change it?   68:50 - What was the snake and what was the sin in Gan Eden?   75:25 - What role does tefillah play in teshuva?   80:50 - How can we have kapara for our sins? They are too many.   84:00 - Should you allow someone to come into the mikveh with you through the turnstile?   89:15 - What is uniqueness of the Jewish people's request for meat in that it brought about a stronger response than other similar conflicts in the midbar?   92:00 - Why does Rashi use Old French?   95:09 - The Gemara in Sotah says one should throw himself in a furnace rather than embarrass someone publicly. Do we uphold this to this day?   96:45 - It says about R'Levi of Berditchev that he jumped around during davening and there are many other example of people who were loose with Halacha in order to have more kavanah. Should we also do this?   101:00 - Why do some siddurim attach emes to the third paragraph of kriat shema and some do not? You can listen to this and many other Ohr Somayach programs by downloading our app, on Apple and Google Play, ohr.edu and all major podcast platforms. Visit us @ https://ohr.edu  PRODUCED BY: CEDAR MEDIA STUDIOS  

Merriam-Webster's Word of the Day for June 20, 2024 is: hue and cry • HYOO-und-KRYE • noun Hue and cry refers to a clamor of alarm or protest in response to something. It can also be used as a synonym of hubbub to refer to general noise or uproar. // After the popular professor was fired by the college, there was such a hue and cry from students that the administration was forced to reconsider its decision. See the entry > Examples: “Bedazzled by the lucrative allures of STEM and the popularity of business degrees, universities have been defunding their humanities programs and transforming themselves into vocational training centers with five-star gyms. … The hue and cry over this benighted movement, in which institutions of higher learning are turning their backs on their fundamental mission, will likely not be enough to stop the forces operating under the cover of budgetary necessity.” — Charles McNulty, The Los Angeles Times, 24 Aug. 2023 Did you know? Let's say it's the Middle Ages in England and a villainous highwayman has just made off with your purse of gold. What do you do? You can't call the police, because in medieval England there is no organized police force, much less telephones; indeed, 911 is even less than a joke in your town—it doesn't exist! Instead, the job of fighting crime belongs to ordinary citizens. The first step is to raise a stink—victims of or witnesses to a crime are expected to yell something like “stop thief!” so that anyone who hears the “hue and cry” will be legally bound to join in the pursuit of the perfidious pilferer. Fast-forwarding to today, although hue and cry (hue comes from an Old French word meaning “noise” or “outcry”; cry comes from the synonymous Anglo-French cri) was used in legal contexts upon entering English in the 15th century, it now more often refers to general alarm, complaint, or protest.

In this episode we find connections between Celtic bills and beaks, and chisels and gouges in other languages. A gouge [ɡaʊdʒ] is a chisel with a curved blade for cutting or scooping channels, grooves, or holes in wood, stone, etc. The word comes from Middle English gouge (gouge), from Old French gouge (gouge), from Late […]

Merriam-Webster's Word of the Day for May 3, 2024 is: melee • MAY-lay • noun Melee refers to a confused fight or struggle, especially one involving hand-to-hand combat. // What started as a verbal disagreement at the football game soon turned into a general melee involving scores of spectators. See the entry > Examples: "The battle scenes are a Hollywood mishmash of medieval melees, meaningless cannonades, and World War I-style infantry advances." — Franz-Stefan Gady, Foreign Policy, 2 Dec. 2023 Did you know? English has no shortage of words for confused and noisy fights, some (fray, brawl, scrap) more common than others (donnybrook, fracas). Melee tends to be encountered more often in written rather than spoken English, but it is far from obscure, and has seen increasing use especially in the context of video games featuring some form of hand-to-hand combat. Such games allow players to mix it up with all manner of rivals and baddies from the comfort and safety of their home, with mix being an especially apt word alongside melee: the latter comes from the French word mêlée, which in turn comes from the Old French verb mesler, meaning "to mix."

My links: My patreon: ⁠https://www.patreon.com/user?u=103280827 My Ko-fi: https://ko-fi.com/rhetoricrevolution Send me a voice message!: https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/liam-connerly TikTok: ⁠https://www.tiktok.com/@mrconnerly?is_from_webapp=1&sender_device=pc⁠ Email: ⁠rhetoricrevolution@gmail.com⁠ Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/connerlyliam/ Podcast | Latin in Layman's - A Rhetoric Revolution https://open.spotify.com/show/0EjiYFx1K4lwfykjf5jApM?si=b871da6367d74d92 Gut Guardian Discount Code: https://www.feelgoods.co/discount/LIAM64728 Fallout: Fallout (n.): Radioactive debris from a nuclear explosion ([Latin] fallout: "a falling out"). Detonation (n.): The sudden, violent explosion of a bomb ([Latin] detonare: "to thunder out"). Nuclear (adj.): Of or relating to the nucleus of an atom ([Latin] nucleus: "kernel"). Fission (n.): The splitting of a heavy atomic nucleus into smaller nuclei, releasing a large amount of energy ([Latin] fissio: "a cleaving"). Mushroom Cloud (n.): The distinctive cloud formed by a nuclear explosion, resembling a mushroom ([Latin] mushrum: "fungus"). Post-Apocalyptic: Post-Apocalyptic (adj.): Occurring after a large-scale societal collapse ([Greek] apokalypsis: "uncovering, revelation" + [Latin] post: "after"). Apocalypse (n.): A catastrophic event that brings about the end of civilization as we know it. Dystopia (n.): An imagined future society characterized by authoritarian control, oppression, poverty, and misery ([Greek] dys: "bad, ill" + topos: "place"). Wasteland (n.): A barren, desolate area of land ([Old English] wēste: "desert, waste" + land). Scavenger (n.): Someone who searches for and collects discarded objects ([Old French] escavanger: "to dig out"). Radiation: Radiation (n.): The emission of energy as electromagnetic waves or as particles ([Latin] radiare: "to emit rays"). Radioactive (adj.): Exhibiting the property of radioactivity ([Latin] radiare + activus: "active"). Radioactivity (n.): The spontaneous disintegration of atomic nuclei, releasing energy in the form of radiation. Isotope (n.): Atoms of an element with the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons ([Greek] isos: "equal" + topos). Half-Life (n.): The time it takes for a quantity of a radioactive material to decrease by half ([Old English] half + līf: "life, duration"). Other Related Words: Mutation (n.): A permanent change in the genetic material of a cell or organism ([Latin] mutare: "to change"). Dosimeter (n.): An instrument that measures the amount of ionizing radiation a person or object has been exposed to ([Greek] dosis: "a giving" + metron: "measure"). Mutant (n.): An organism with a mutation in its genetic material ([Latin] mutare + -ant: "one who does something"). Contamination (n.): The pollution of something by a harmful substance ([Latin] contaminare: "to defile, to sully"). Survival (n.): The act of continuing to live or exist, often after a period of danger or difficulty ([Latin] supervivere: "to live beyond").

Merriam-Webster's Word of the Day for April 20, 2024 is: gingerly • JIN-jer-lee • adjective An act or manner described as gingerly is very cautious or careful. // It's a delicate subject, and we need to approach it with gingerly care and tact. // The antelope moved with a gingerly gait that suggested it was hurt. See the entry > Examples: “Note: bears do not in a gingerly manner put their paws against each stem of a lovely ripe pear and gently pull upward against the branch, the proper harvesting method. ‘Picked' in bear-lingo means tearing down carefully constructed tree cages and knocking as many branches to the ground as needed; then taking several bites out of each luscious pear, leaving scattered remnants all over the ground ...” — Cate Gable, The Chinook Observer (Long Beach, Washington), 14 Oct. 2020 Did you know? Though more common as an adverb meaning “very cautiously and carefully,” as in “moving gingerly across the icy pond,” gingerly has for more than four centuries functioned both as an adverb and as an adjective. Etymologists take a gingerly approach to assigning any particular origins to gingerly. While it might have come from the name of the spice, there's nothing concrete to back up that idea. Another theory is that it's related to an Old French word, gençor, meaning “prettier” or “more beautiful,” with evidence being that in 16th century English an earlier sense of gingerly often described dancing or walking done with dainty steps. It wasn't until the 17th century that gingerly was applied to movements done with caution in order to avoid being noisy or causing injury, and to a wary manner in handling or presenting ideas.

rWotD Episode 2541: Service of marriage Welcome to random Wiki of the Day where we read the summary of a random Wikipedia page every day.The random article for Thursday, 18 April 2024 is Service of marriage.The service of marriage (Old French: service de mariage) was a legal obligation in the Kingdom of Jerusalem of a female vassal towards her lord. Since her sex precluded her from rendering personal military service, marriage was regarded as a service a liegewoman could perform instead. When summoned, the vassal had to choose a husband among three candidates presented to her by her lord. The lord was obliged to suggest only men who were not inferior in rank to her or to any former husband she may have had. The intention was to attach to her fief a consort who could render personal service to her lord. A widowed heiress could not be compelled to remarry for a year and a day after her husband's death. A vassal's widow had the right to rule his lands on behalf of their minor child, but if she refused to perform the service of marriage, the lord was allowed by law to take over the management of the child's land. Otherwise, jurists Balian of Sidon, John of Beirut, and Ralph of Tiberias disagreed on which penalty a liegewoman should be subjected to if she withheld the service of marriage. In the early 13th century, lords frequently treated cases arbitrarily. Beatrice, heiress of Joscelin of Courtenay, violated her feudal contract by marrying Otto of Henneberg without King Aimery's permission, but the couple were not hindered from granting their lands to the Teutonic Knights after the king's death. A regent could punish the liegewoman for such an infringement of her lord's rights by confiscating her fief, but the measure ceased to have effect when the regency ended. King Hugh failed to enforce the service of marriage from the lady of Beirut, Isabella, who was put under the protection of the Egyptian ruler Baibars by her husband, Hamo le Strange.This recording reflects the Wikipedia text as of 00:16 UTC on Thursday, 18 April 2024.For the full current version of the article, see Service of marriage on Wikipedia.This podcast uses content from Wikipedia under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License.Visit our archives at wikioftheday.com and subscribe to stay updated on new episodes.Follow us on Mastodon at @wikioftheday@masto.ai.Also check out Curmudgeon's Corner, a current events podcast.Until next time, I'm Olivia Neural.

Hello Interactors,Behind every map is intent. When it comes to making plans for a city, streets are more than mere passageways; they are the cartography of power, exacting politics and ideology for the unfolding of urbanity. Paris is the blueprint of social order and control portrayed as a symbol of beauty and progress. I wanted to unravel the threads of intent, from communal aspirations to the heavy hand of authoritarianism — a kind of narrative map of a city renowned as much for its revolutions as for its romance.Let's go.COMMON ROOTS, CONTRASTING COMMUNITIESI'll offer a word and you examine your emotional reaction to it. Communism. If you're like me, you've been trained to have negative thoughts. Maybe even stop reading. Communism has been associated with authoritarian, repressive regimes that denied basic freedoms and human rights. Ask anyone who lived under these conditions and you can see why it's been ideologically blackballed in America.Now I'll offer another word. Community. Ah, yes, good vibes. Who could possibly be against community? It's strange how two words with common origins can differ so much by changing two letters.The word Communism comes from Karl Marx and Friedrich Engel's Kommunismus as early as 1847 and is derived from the French word communisme which first appeared three years earlier in 1843. This word comes from the Old French word comun meaning "common, general, free, open, public."A group of people in common, “the common people” who are not rulers of property, clergy, or monarchy, is from the 14th century French word comunité meaning "commonness, everybody" or community.I had the experience of checking my own reaction to the word communist while reading about how communist ideals helped a politician in Paris help his community.The French Communist senator, Ian Brossat, lead housing policy in Paris for a decade. He said his “guiding philosophy is that those who produce the riches of the city must have the right to live in it.” He and the local government under Mayor Hildago are doing their best to live up to this. Over the past decade, the French Communist Party has emphasized social justice and economic equality, advocating for stronger public services, wealth redistribution, and workers' rights. They've also focused on environmental sustainability, aligning with broader movements to address climate change and social disparities.People from all over the world are drawn to Paris for its diverse array of small shops, cafes, expansive boulevards, monuments, and museums. It exudes old-world charm complete with cobblers, tailors, jewelers, and luthiers tucked in and among various neighborhoods — some more manicured than others. It's a dappled array of diverse color and verdant softscapes that when viewed from afar offers an impression of a picture-perfect pointillist painting.  Paris exists as a seemingly organic and emergent unfolding of placemaking complete with public spaces and parks for the taking — by all walks of life. For many, it's a composite of ideals that harken back to romantic images of a fashionable and stylistic ‘pick your favorite' century in Europe making it a perennial favorite destination for tourists.But surrounding the parks where healthy blossoms glow are stealthy property plots where wealthy funds grow. Amidst the green where healthy plants are planted longtime residents squirm as their neighbors are supplanted. Despite the city building or renovating “more than 82,000 apartments over the past three decades for families with children”, 2.4 million people are on the waiting list for affordable housing.(1)This isn't the first time economically disadvantaged people have been displaced from Paris. In 1853, one year after Napoleon Bonaparte's nephew Napoleon III declared himself emperor in a successful coup d'état, he wasted no time embarking on what many believe to be the biggest ‘urban renewal' project in history. It was famously led by a former prefect administrator, Georges-Eugène Haussmann. His swift and heavy hand pushed powerless Parisians to the periphery to build the Paris so many adore, only to have them return. A pattern that exists today.Napoleon III, exiled in England, was reluctant to return to a France in decline, marred by unemployment and poverty. By 1848, a massive influx of laborers had swollen Paris's population to over a million. Despite its picturesque image today, 19th-century Paris was a labyrinth of dilapidated buildings and narrow streets, lacking modern infrastructure, and grappling with increasing crime and deadly outbreaks, including a cholera epidemic that claimed 20,000 lives in 1832.The French author Honoré de Balzac wrote of Paris at the time, “'Look around you' as you ‘make your way through that huge stucco cage, that human beehive with black runnels marking its sections, and follow the ramifications of the idea which moves, stirs and ferments inside it.'”By 1848, France was besieged by societal strife as the monarchy's resurgence fueled public outrage, contrary to the Republic's ideals of liberty. Mass protests and strikes became common, culminating in a tragic clash at the Foreign Ministry where troops fired on protestors, killing 50. The slain were symbolically paraded through Paris, highlighting the oppressive turn of events. This ignited the Revolution of 1848; a diverse coalition, from students to disillusioned aristocrats, took to the streets, overwhelming the army and storming the King's palace. This mass uprising prompted the formation of a provisional government while monarchist officials, including Haussmann, fled the turmoil.In the power struggles of post-revolutionary France, neither Socialists nor Republicans could stabilize the economy or improve living conditions. As a result, calls for Napoleon III's return gained traction. He pledged to serve if elected, mirroring the American democratic elections model. He won a four-year term by a wide margin, but he did not have dominant support within the Assembly. Facing political opposition and public discontent as his term ended, Napoleon III dissolved the Assembly, fired his adversaries, and named himself emperor. A government for the people and by the people was attempted and failed. Long live the King. Authoritarianism was back to the cheers of many in the streets as Napoleon was pulled through the streets by carriage for three hours amidst roars of support.PARIS: FROM SIEGE TO CHICBy 1848, Parisians had erected numerous barricades, limiting Napoleon's access through the city. Originating in 1588 as a defense against soldiers, these barricades evolved from rudimentary stone walls into complex structures capable of withstanding cannon fire, serving both practical and symbolic roles in the city's history of civil resistance.Amidst the dawn of the Industrial Age in 1848, Napoleon III aimed to modernize Paris, differentiating it from the neo-gothic style of London's "Albertropolis." Preferring the era's new materials like iron and glass. Dismissing the gothic aesthetics, Napoleon, with Haussmann—a disciplined administrator with similar architectural sensibilities—set out to reshape Paris into a contemporary urban jewel.In the words of Hausmann reflecting in his memoir, “We ripped open the belly of old Paris, the neighborhood of revolt and barricades, and cut a large opening through the most impenetrable maze of alleys, piece by piece.”In Balzac's 1843 book Lost Illusions he captures the contrasting existence of society revealing the class Hausmann sought to favor at the expense of the other.The proletariat “live in insalubrious offices, pestilential courtrooms, small chambers with barred windows, spend their day weighed down by the weight of their affairs.” While the bourgeoisie enjoy “the great, airy, gilded salons, the mansions enclosed in gardens, the world of the rich, leisured, happy, moneyed people.”(2)Haussmann, satirically termed the "Artiste Démolisseur," enacted a policy akin to 'creative destruction' to achieve it. This is a concept Karl Marx alluded to and the Austrian Economist Joseph Schumpeter later popularized. In Marx and Friedrich Engels popular 1848 book “The Communist Manifesto” they used the term Vernichtung which describes the continuous devaluation of existing wealth to pave the way for the creation of new wealth.During the 1830s and '40s, monumental ‘devaluations' came at the expense of land and rivers paving the way for infrastructure like railroads and canals. Including other parts of the world. Americans, Indigenous and colonized, saw over 3000 miles of canals being dug by 1840 and 9,000 miles of railroad by 1850. We can all think of examples of ‘creative destruction' today — be it from bombs that fall or a wrecking ball.This 19th century period of transformation also saw France's first passenger train and the spread of a national railway network, all under Napoleon III's ambition to fortify France's economic stature. He promoted and founded new national banks to fund these transformations, fueling Marx's view that economic efficiencies could be gained through improved transportation.The rise of capitalism and the concept of 'the world market,' as Marx termed it, pushed for more efficient movement of people and goods, a task complicated by Paris's antiquated layout. Although Napoleon and Haussmann are credited with modernizing Paris, initiatives to improve urban circulation were already underway. Prior to 1833, significant canals, roads, and railways were constructed, and post-1832 cholera outbreak, efforts were made to expand the city and reduce congestion.Architectural and urban planning, including the design of the Place de la Concorde by Jacques Hittorff, aimed to push the city's boundaries. In 1843, Hippolyte Meynadier proposed major urban changes to improve air quality and circulation. Haussmann later embraced and amplified these existing plans with and without Napoleon's support. For example, Napoleon did not see the need to bringing running water to Paris, but Hausmann did it anyway.Hausmann was fond of expanding. Whereas these earlier plans were certainly grander than any in Paris, or possibly the world, Hausmann multiplied dimensions. Hittorf had drawn plans for some streets be obesely wide, even by today's standards, but Haussmann tripled the dimensions. For example, the road leading to the Arc de Triomphe, known now as the Champs-Élysées, was first drawn to be 120 feet wide. But Hausmann insisted it be 360 feet wide with an additional 40 feet of sidewalks on each side. He tripled the scale of a project that had already been tripled.What resulted was a diagonally criss-crossing web of stick straight boulevards with massive monuments strategically placed at nodes and termini. The Arc de Triomphe from above looks like a shining star with roads and boulevards as glimmering spires. Some scholars believe Hausmann, and his coconspirators, were the first to view the city as a technical problem to be solved from the top down. It was a civic product to be worked on with little regard for the people who were working within. This view of a city may have been influenced by the aerial photographer Nadar who from 1855 to 1858 perfected aerial photography in France. He patented the use of aerial photography for mapmaking and surveying in 1855. A WHOPPER OF A TRANSFORMATIONSoon after Hausmann finished the complete remaking of Paris in 1870, Friederic Engels published his 1872 book The Housing Question where he explored the housing crisis facing industrial workers of the 19th century. He criticized what became known as the Hausmannization of cities, writing,“By ‘Haussmann' I mean the practice which has now become general of making breaches in the working class quarters of our big towns, and particularly in those which are centrally situated, quite apart from whether this is done from considerations of public health and for beautifying the town, or owing to the demand for big centrally situated business premises, or owing to traffic requirements, such as the laying down of railways, streets, etc. No matter how different the reasons may be, the result is everywhere the same: the scandalous alleys and lanes disappear to the accompaniment of lavish self-praise from the bourgeoisie on account of this tremendous success, but they appear again immediately somewhere else and often in the immediate neighbourhood”Groups of people struggling to live in a city, “the common people”, those who were not rulers of property, clergy, or monarchy, began organizing as a community. Property owners spared by Hausmann's utter destruction saw their applications for building improvement permits rejected. In the years leading up to 1871, tensions were once again mounting in a city that had yet to form a municipal government.Meanwhile the Francho-Prussian War erupted in July of 1870 as France sought to assert its dominance in Europe fearing a pending alliance between Prussia and Spain. During the war, the French National Guard defended Paris. Given their proximity to growing working-class radicalism, sentiments began to be shared among soldiers.After a significant defeat of the French Army by the Germans, National Guard soldiers seized control of the city on March 18, killing two French army generals and refusing to accept the authority of the French national government. The community became a commune — common, general, free, open, and public.The commune governed Paris for two months, establishing policies that tended toward a progressive, anti-religious system of their own self-styled socialism. These policies included the separation of church and state, self-policing, the remission of rent, the abolition of child labor, and the right of employees to take over an enterprise deserted by its owner.Predictably, the Commune was ultimately suppressed by the national French Army at the end of May during "The Bloody Week” when an estimated 10-15,000 Communards were killed in battle or executed.The Commune's policies and outcome had a significant influence on the ideas of Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels, who described it as the first example of the dictatorship of the proletariat. Without it, it's unlikely Ian Brossat would have a Communist party fighting for fair living conditions. A modern day nod to those Communards slaughtered in 1871.Meanwhile, today's City Hall also ensures the persistence of the bucolic, romantic, idealistic — and perhaps classist — proprietors who help to sustain the manicured experience Hausmann set out to achieve nearly 200 years ago. Just as the government plays a role in controlling rent so less financially privileged can live and work there, so too does the government subsidize select city shops and restaurants that attract the well heeled. But they have their limits.The counselor in charge of managing commercial holdings said, “We don't rent to McDonald's, we don't rent to Burger King and we don't rent to Sephora.”These stores obviously exist, so clearly landlords across the city have long sold out to ‘world market' chains even Hausmann may frown upon. Even as the city take steps to ensure curated theme shops continue to exist. Hausmann may not have planned for this, but Paris did become a kind of a public theme park to the world.Given the history of radicals and conservatives toiling in a tug of war for centuries over what exactly the city should be and for whom, perhaps the conservative former housing minister now commercial developer, Benoist Apparu, put it best — “A city, if it's only made up of poor people, is a disaster. And if it's only made up of rich people, it's not much better.” (1)I, for one, was pleased to find a Burger King on the Champs-Élysées during my first trip to Paris as a teenager in 1984. After a few days of European food, I was ready for a Whopper. Of course, I was unaware of any of the socio-political or psychogeographical implications and ramifications of all this — both historically and in that moment. I was a middle-class mini-bougie white American eating comfort food while obliviously participating in the exploitive world of ‘rich, leisured, happy, and moneyed people' on a boulevard designed for it. But I was also in city that birthed liberty, the potential for revolutionary change, and the promise and struggle of egalitarian policies. This is a public episode. If you would like to discuss this with other subscribers or get access to bonus episodes, visit interplace.io

In the next three segments of UnMInd we will take up the Three Jewels, Gems, or Treasures: Buddha, Dharma, and Sangha - the highest values of Buddhism - from the perspective of their design intent. Buddha practice - time on the cushion dedicated to recovering our original, awakened nature ‑ is the most important dimension in the Zen, or meditation schools. Dharma study – reviewing and contemplating the teachings transmitted by Shakyamuni and the ancestors down to the present day ‑ comes second in importance and emphasis, as an adjunct to meditation. While participation in and service to the Sangha ranks third in the tripartite hierarchy, all three legs of the stool are considered essential to leading a balanced life of Zen. It will be most appropriate to take them in reverse order, beginning with Sangha, or community, the one most fully integrated with the social dimension. The Refuge Verse, usually chanted on a daily basis, and translated variously, reads: I take refuge in Buddha I take refuge in Dharma I take refuge in SanghaI take refuge in Buddha the fully awakened OneI take refuge in Dharma the compassionate teachingsI take refuge in Sangha the harmonious communityI have completely taken refuge in BuddhaI have completely taken refuge in DharmaI have completely taken refuge in Sangha The act of taking refuge may be interpreted in a variety of ways; from the New Oxford American Dictionary: • a condition of being safe or sheltered from pursuit, danger, or trouble: he was forced to take refuge in the French embassy | I sought refuge in drink. • something providing shelter: the family came to be seen as a refuge from a harsh world. • an institution providing safe accommodations for women who have suffered violence from a spouse or partner. Its etymological origin is defined as: late Middle English: from Old French, from Latin refugium, from Latin re- ‘back' + fugere ‘flee'. Over the two-and-a-half millennia of the history of Buddhism, the communities of monks and/or nuns originating in India may indeed have comported with all of the above definitions at one time or another, with the possible exception of seeking refuge in drink, which may be more characteristic of lay practice. Certain modern Zen masters have been known for their fondness for sake and beer, as was Matsuoka roshi. The dictionary definitions share a decidedly fraught connotation of seeking “shelter from the storm,” to quote Master Dylan. But when we look at the role of the Zen community in the context of modern-day America, we can see that taking refuge in the sangha has less wary, socially positive functions as well – beginning with that of providing community, itself. True community is an increasingly rare commodity in today's mobile society, where we as householders may or may not know our neighbors; and if we do, we may not for long, as they, or we, may move several times in one lifetime. In ancient India, China and the Far East, people may have been more likely to stay put in their birthplace, unless they were driven to flee danger or trouble. Today, we have displaced persons approaching an estimated 110 million, the largest refugee population in history. When we analyze the design intent of western Zen communities, which manifest a mix of traditional protocols and adaptations to modernity, we have to take into account that the monastic model is no longer the predominant form, outnumbered as it is by the expanding cohort of lay householders. People of all walks of life are taking up the practice of Zen in their daily lives ‑ including participation in programs offered by Zen centers and temples in their neighborhoods, or within a reasonable commute ‑ returning to families and professional livelihoods, partaking of practice opportunities when and where they can fit them in. I call this “guerilla Zen”: we hit it and run; hit it and run; engaging more formal training with a simpatico group, while sustaining daily practice at home, at work, and at play. Everything is eventually subsumed under Zen. Churches and other associations share this paradoxical characteristic, caricatured by the “Sunday saints, Monday sinners” trope. Zen centers do not typically preach morality from the pulpit, but offer some degree of sanctuary in which members can retrench, to reenter the fray of daily life from a more balanced perspective and stance. This is reflected in the Sixteen Precepts of Zen, which we will not detail here, but include such social parameters as not killing, stealing or lying, not indulging in gossip, and so on.The key characteristic by which a Zen sangha is defined is captured in the expression, “harmonious community.” We all belong to, or partake in, various communities and subgroups in our personal, family, and professional lives, but not all of them would meet the high bar of harmony that is associated with a Zen community, or that of a church. We are expected to leave our lesser angels at the doorstep, and aspire to a higher level of behavior, particularly with regard to our fellow seekers of awakened awareness. Compared to other socially-determined groups, such as those found in retirement homes, extended care facilities, private clubs and gated communities, one difference is that a sangha welcomes all comers, however diverse in terms of age, gender, income, background and education, or other social factors by which groups tend to discriminate. “Birds of a feather” and all. Zen groups assume that members are like-minded in their pursuit of the Dharma, and it quickly becomes apparent when newcomers join a sangha for all the wrong reasons. Attendees joining Zen retreats or undertaking residential practice are analogized to stones tumbling in a stream, rubbing all the rough edges off, until we become smooth and polished – harmonious - in our interactions with others. Several dimensions of the Zen environment yield clues to its design intent, and where it may differ from other communities. These will vary from group to group, based on the history and traditions unique to each lineage, the legacy of its founders, and, of course, personalities. Generally, we are encouraged to overlook minor superficial differences in protocols and procedures, focusing on the underlying intent of propagating Buddha practice - meditation; and promulgating Dharma – study of the teachings; the two highest-ranking values in Zen. Let's look at a few characteristic behavioral forms and features to be found in multiple “practice places of buddha-tathagatas everywhere,” to borrow a phrase from Master Dogen: OBSERVING SILENCEAn emphasis on observing long periods of silence is unusual in most public gatherings, noting exceptions such as monastic assemblies devoted to vows of silence, or Quaker congregations. Restraining speech can feel awkward, even artificial; but in time it becomes a welcome source of respite and relief from the usual pressure to engage in small talk in most social and fellowship settings. In Zen, special attention is given to being mindful while others are meditating, taking heed to move quietly, as well as foregoing unnecessary speech. MAINTAINING SIMPLICITYVisual simplicity complements acoustical silence in the form of clutter control, straightforward layout and organization of the space and furnishings, and movement through it. The meditation hall, or zendo, is a particular focus of this principle, but it applies to all the shared public spaces of the facility. The catchphrase is “leave no traces” - which has personal meaning in terms of attachment and aversion - but is manifested in communal environs by putting things back where they belong, fluffing sitting cushions, straightening shoes on the shoe shelf, and so on. Emphasis is on reducing distraction that might intrude upon or interfere with the experience of others. CLEANINGPart of the process of achieving simplicity is the ritualization of temple cleaning, in Japanese, soji. Matsuoka-roshi would often say, “Cleaning is cleaning the mind.” The very act of decluttering the space relieves the mind of mental clutter. He would say “I like to keep it empty around here.” It is understood that “the dust itself is immaculate,” of course, that nothing is really “dirty” in any absolute sense. But attitudes and approaches “providing a space conducive to practice” – a unique definition of generosity, or dana, offered by a senior member of HH the Dalai Lama's inner circle, when giving a talk at ASZC some years ago – are meant to accommodate the relative level of perception, that “cleanliness is next to godliness,” as cited by St. Thomas Aquinas. TRAININGCleaning the environment is a specific activity within the larger category of Zen training in general. We train ourselves to serve the community through these various activities, while at the same time serving our own needs for simplicity, silence, and so on. We train in what has proved necessary to establish and maintain sustainable group practice in the public sphere. Aspects of how we approach this in the context of community may begin to bleed over into our personal lives at home and at work. We may find ourselves growing more attentive to our home or office environment, assuming more ownership and authorship over their functions, and their impact upon mindfulness on a daily basis. Training in Zen manifests this “halo effect,” a natural enhancement of Zen awareness. BOWING AND CHANTINGThe intent of Zen ritual may not be apparent at first blush, and so is widely subject to misinterpretation. It looks, on the surface, much like any other service one might observe, in Protestant or Catholic churches, as well as synagogues. Some are put off by the bowing and chanting, reading in such connotations as worship, public religiosity, and obsequiousness, which are all inappropriate projections. While the various formal protocols that have evolved around Zen practice have practical effects of cohering the community, their intent is largely personal. The Buddhist bow, for example, represents, on one hand, the person we are trying to improve; and on the other, the ideal person we want to emulate, our original buddha-nature. But the palm-to-palm hand position, or mudra in Sanskrit ‑ called gassho in Japanese ‑ symbolizes that just as our two hands are part of the same body, these apparently opposing selves are also just one, or “not-two” as the Ch'an poem “Trust in Mind” reminds us. With repetition, the bow eventually becomes empty of inappropriate connotations. Like emptying a teacup, so that it can be refilled with deeper meaning. Matsuoka-roshi would often remind us to “Chant with the ears, not with the mouth,” and that the concrete chanting, itself, is the true meaning of the chant. In other words, listen deeply to the chant, which is a Dharma teaching - not a prayer or worship - so that the act of chanting in a group becomes deeply meaningful on a personal level. In professional design circles, these seemingly innocuous, everyday conventions of maintaining order in space, and harmonious dynamics in time, cannot be overlooked. They are, indeed, regarded as essential deliverables in retail and other commercial environments, where the adverse effects of clutter and noise can be measured in financial terms as loss of business and customer base. The influence of environmental factors may be less obvious in the personal realm. But in the world of Zen, they can provide powerful aids to finding and sustaining harmony with the Great Way, from Zen's roots in Taoism. For further pursuit of the symbolism and design intent of the Zen space and protocols, I refer you to Matsuoka-roshi's early collected talks, “The Kyosaku,” where you will find a chapter on the various elements to be found in most zendos. Meanwhile, remember Master Dogen's admonition in “Jijuyu Zammai – Self-fulfilling Samadhi”: Without engaging in incense offering, chanting Buddha's name, repentance or reading scripture, you should just wholeheartedly sit and thus drop off body and mind. Sangha, community service, is important, but only to the extent that it provides the conducive environment for Buddha practice and Dharma study. * * * Elliston Roshi is guiding teacher of the Atlanta Soto Zen Center and abbot of the Silent Thunder Order. He is also a gallery-represented fine artist expressing his Zen through visual poetry, or “music to the eyes.”UnMind is a production of the Atlanta Soto Zen Center in Atlanta, Georgia and the Silent Thunder Order. You can support these teachings by PayPal to donate@STorder.org. Gassho.Producer: Shinjin Larry Little

My links: My patreon: ⁠https://www.patreon.com/user?u=103280827 My Ko-fi: https://ko-fi.com/rhetoricrevolution Send me a voice message!: https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/liam-connerly TikTok: ⁠https://www.tiktok.com/@mrconnerly?is_from_webapp=1&sender_device=pc⁠ Email: ⁠rhetoricrevolution@gmail.com⁠ Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/connerlyliam/ Podcast | Latin in Layman's - A Rhetoric Revolution https://open.spotify.com/show/0EjiYFx1K4lwfykjf5jApM?si=b871da6367d74d92 Gut Guardian Discount Code: LIAM64728 Cuisine: Etymology: "Cuisine" comes from the French word "cuisiner," meaning "to cook," ultimately from the Latin word "coquere," meaning "to cook" or "to prepare food." Definition: Cuisine refers to a style or method of cooking, especially characteristic of a particular region or culture. Culinary: Etymology: "Culinary" is derived from the Latin word "culinarius," meaning "of the kitchen" or "related to cooking," from "culina" (kitchen). Definition: Culinary describes anything related to cooking, food preparation, or the kitchen. Cookery: Etymology: "Cookery" is derived from the Old English word "cocery," from "coc" (cook), ultimately from the Latin word "coquere," meaning "to cook." Definition: Cookery refers to the art or practice of cooking and preparing food. Gastronomy: Etymology: "Gastronomy" comes from the Greek words "gastron," meaning "stomach," and "nomos," meaning "law" or "rule." Definition: Gastronomy is the study of the relationship between food and culture, including the art and science of cooking and eating well. Chef: Etymology: "Chef" is derived from the French word "chef," meaning "chief" or "head," ultimately from the Latin word "caput," meaning "head." Definition: A chef is a professional cook who is in charge of a kitchen or a particular section of a kitchen, typically skilled in culinary arts. Culinarian: Etymology: "Culinarian" combines "culinary" and the suffix "-ian," indicating "related to" or "pertaining to." Definition: A culinarian is someone who is skilled in cooking or involved in culinary arts, particularly as a profession. Pastry: Etymology: "Pastry" comes from the Old French word "paste," meaning "dough," ultimately from the Latin word "pasta," meaning "paste" or "dough." Definition: Pastry refers to a dough of flour, water, and shortening used as a base and covering in baked dishes such as pies, tarts, and pastries. Bake: Etymology: "Bake" is derived from the Old English word "bacan," meaning "to bake," possibly from the Proto-Germanic word "bakanan." Definition: To bake means to cook food by dry heat, typically in an oven. Casserole: Etymology: "Casserole" comes from the French word "casserole," meaning "saucepan" or "stewpan," from "casse" (pan) and the diminutive suffix "-ole." Definition: A casserole is a dish made by cooking ingredients, typically including meat, vegetables, and a starchy binder, slowly in an oven. Saute: Etymology: "Saute" is derived from the French word "sauter," meaning "to jump" or "to leap," possibly from the Latin word "saltare," meaning "to leap" or "to dance." Definition: To saute means to cook food quickly in a small amount of oil or fat over high heat, while stirring or tossing. Gourmet: Etymology: "Gourmet" comes from the French word "gourmet," meaning "a connoisseur of fine food and drink," possibly from the Old French word "gromet," meaning "servant" or "boy." Definition: A gourmet is someone who is knowledgeable and discriminating in matters of food and drink, particularly with regard to quality and taste. Mince: Etymology: "Mince" is derived from the Old French word "mincier," meaning "to make small" or "to cut into small pieces," possibly from the Latin word "minutia," meaning "smallness" or "trifle." Definition: To mince means to chop or cut food, especially meat, into very small pieces.

My links: My patreon: ⁠https://www.patreon.com/user?u=103280827 My Ko-fi: https://ko-fi.com/rhetoricrevolution Send me a voice message!: https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/liam-connerly TikTok: ⁠https://www.tiktok.com/@mrconnerly?is_from_webapp=1&sender_device=pc⁠ Email: ⁠rhetoricrevolution@gmail.com⁠ Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/connerlyliam/ Podcast | Latin in Layman's - A Rhetoric Revolution https://open.spotify.com/show/0EjiYFx1K4lwfykjf5jApM?si=b871da6367d74d92 Gut Guardian Discount Code: LIAM64728 __________________________________________________ Romance Definition: A feeling of excitement and mystery associated with love. Etymology: From Old French "romans" meaning "verse narrative," from Vulgar Latin "romanice," literally "in the Roman language," hence "in the vernacular language," as opposed to "in Latin." Ultimately derived from Latin "Romanus," meaning "Roman." Amour Definition: French for love; a romantic attachment or love affair. Etymology: From Old French "amor," from Latin "amor," meaning "love." Eros Definition: In Greek mythology, Eros is the god of love, representing sexual desire and passion. Etymology: From Greek "Eros," meaning "sexual love." Agape Definition: Unconditional love, often associated with spiritual or selfless love. Etymology: From Greek "agape," meaning "love." Philos Definition: A type of love characterized by friendship and affection. Etymology: From Greek "philos," meaning "dear, beloved." Limerence Definition: The state of being infatuated or obsessed with another person, typically experienced as intense romantic attraction. Etymology: Coined by psychologist Dorothy Tennov in the 1970s, derived from the name of the Irish town Limerick. Yearning Definition: A feeling of intense longing or desire, especially for something unattainable or distant. Etymology: From Old English "gearnian," meaning "to long after," ultimately from Proto-Germanic "gernijaną." Saudade Definition: A Portuguese word describing a deep emotional state of longing or nostalgia, often accompanied by melancholy. Etymology: From Portuguese "saudade," of uncertain origin. Pining Definition: To suffer a lingering, often nostalgic, affection or longing. Etymology: From Middle English "pyne," meaning "pain, torment," ultimately from Old English "pīn." Inamorata Definition: A woman with whom one is in love or has an intimate romantic relationship. Etymology: From Italian "innamorata," the feminine form of "innamorato," meaning "enamored." Paramour Definition: A lover, especially one who is not married to the object of their affection. Etymology: From Old French "par amour," meaning "by love." Ephemeral Definition: Lasting for a very short time; transient. Etymology: From Greek "epi," meaning "upon" or "for" + "hemera," meaning "day," suggesting something lasting only for a day. Melancholy Definition: A feeling of pensive sadness, typically with no obvious cause. Etymology: From Middle English "melancolie," from Old French "melancolie," from Late Latin "melancholia," from Greek "melancholia," meaning "sadness." Cupid Definition: In Roman mythology, the god of love, often portrayed as a winged, chubby boy with a bow and arrows. Etymology: From Latin "cupido," meaning "desire" or "passion." Desire Definition: A strong feeling of wanting to have something or wishing for something to happen. Etymology: From Latin "desiderare," meaning "long for, wish for." Longing Definition: A strong feeling of wanting something or someone, often accompanied by sadness or dissatisfaction. Etymology: From Middle English "longen," meaning "to belong." Yearn Definition: To have an intense feeling of longing for something, typically something that one has lost or been separated from. Etymology: From Old English "gearnian," meaning "to desire, to long for."

Bruce and Lisa live near Montreal in Canada and whilst Bruce's French father may have influenced his connection to France, it wasn't until a 20th wedding anniversary vacay that together they discovered their mutual love of France. When visiting the Dordogne, they stayed in Sarlat -la-Canéda and on the last day of their trip they found that an apartment on the top floor of the historic building they were staying in was for sale! And that was it! The journey of French property ownership and renovation began!I've always imagined moving to an historic village and a stone cottage or apartment with my romantic-rose-coloured glasses on. So when Bruce and Lisa described some of the challenges they worked through, I began to realise  the enormity of such a decision to purchase your very own piece of French history. Issues such as getting rid of the refuse, taking it all down a tiny spiral staircase, or having ordinary items such as a sofa delivered when living in a village that is for pedestrian traffic only... Just a couple of important considerations before purchasing.Luckily Bruce and Lisa have loved every step of their journey which is not finished yet. They've enjoyed the DIY aspect, but they also retrospectively appreciate the various glitches that popped up along the way. These are the situations that make up the journey which for them is the fabric of their beautiful French story.To find out more details of the Normandy Retreat as mentioned in this episode, email Jane Hiscock at Château du Jonquay janehiscock@chateaudujonquay.com   **Louise Prichard is the host of the Loulabelle's FrancoFiles podcast.**Other Loulabelle's links:FrancoFile Fix on YouTubeLoulabelle's FrancoFiles Spotify Playlist Loulabelle's FrancoFiles InstagramLoulabelle's FrancoFiles website

For the first time in the run of this podcast (though certainly not the last!) today we have a poem in translation. Marisa Galvez joins Close Readings to discuss "The Song of Nothing," a poem by the first attested troubadour, William IX. The poem is something like 900 years old, and Marisa helps us see both its strangeness and the sense in which it feels like it might have been written yesterday. You'll hear Marisa read the poem both in an English translation and in its original language, Old Occitan, where its musicality and verve really come through. This was a fascinating conversation about how poems are made—and why, and who and what for—with lessons to offer both about the medieval period and about the poems and songs we encounter today.Marisa Galvez is Professor of French and Italian (and, by courtesy, of German Studies and of Comparative Literature) at Stanford University, where she specializes in the literature of the Middle Ages in France and Western Europe, especially the poetry and narrative literature written in Occitan and Old French. She is the author of two books, both published by University of Chicago Press: Songbook: How Lyrics Became Poetry in Medieval Europe (2012) and The Subject of Crusade: Lyric, Romance, and Materials, 1150-1500 (2020). Her current book project concerns contemporary and modern translations of medieval lyric and how they propose new ways of "lyric knowing" the Global South.Remember to follow, rate, and review the podcast if you like what you hear. Share an episode with a friend! And subscribe to my Substack, where you'll get occasional updates about the pod and about my writing.

Merriam-Webster's Word of the Day for January 13, 2024 is: gargoyle • GAR-goy-ul • noun A gargoyle is a strange or grotesque human or animal figure that sticks out from the roof of a building (such as a church) and is used to cause rainwater to flow away from the building's sides. // Some of the exchange students were creeped out by all the gargoyles they passed during their walking tour of the old European town. See the entry > Examples: "Disney simply did not need to go this hard, and yet here we are. A clan of gargoyle protectors from medieval times are cursed to become statues until a scheming billionaire genius frees them in the present. From there, the clan spends their nights fighting their many enemies while protecting the humans that fear them." — Gavin Jasper, Den of Geek, 19 Aug. 2023 Did you know? In the 12th century, St. Bernard of Clairvaux reportedly complained about the new sculptures in the cloisters where he lived. "Surely," he is quoted as saying, "if we do not blush for such absurdities we should at least regret what we have spent on them." St. Bernard was apparently provoked by the grotesque figures designed to drain rainwater from buildings. By the 13th century, those figures were being called gargoyles, a name that came to Middle English from the Old French word gargoule. The stone beasts likely earned that name because of the water that gargled out of their throats and mouths; the word gargoule is imitative in origin.

In this episode, we unfold the possible Celtic roots of the word brochure, and find out what it has to do with badgers. The word brochure comes from French brochure (brocade, needlework, brochure, booklet), from brocher (to stitch, sew, brocade), from Old French brochier (to jab, prod), from broche (brooch, pin), from Vulgar Latin brocca, […]

Merriam-Webster's Word of the Day for December 22, 2023 is: purview • PER-vyoo • noun Purview refers to an area within which someone or something has authority, influence, or knowledge. It can also refer to a range of vision, understanding, or awareness. // I'll do my best to answer your questions, but please note that my field is linguistics, and topics relating to economics are beyond my purview. See the entry > Examples: "The Springdale Public Library comes under the purview of the Washington County Library System." — Laurinda Joenks, The Arkansas Democrat-Gazette, 18 July 2023 Did you know? It may not be illogical to assume a connection between purview and view, but is there one? Not exactly. Although the two words share a syllable, you'll find that they have very different histories as viewed in the etymological rearview mirror. Purview comes from purveu, a word often found in the legal statutes of 13th- and 14th-century England. These statutes, written in Anglo-French, regularly open with the phrase purveu est, which translates literally to "it is provided." Purveu in turn comes from porveu, the past participle of the Old French verb porveeir, meaning "to provide." View, on the other hand, comes (via Middle English) from the past participle of another Anglo-French word, veer, meaning "to see," and ultimately from the Latin word vidēre, of the same meaning.

My links: My patreon: ⁠https://www.patreon.com/user?u=103280827 My Ko-fi: https://ko-fi.com/rhetoricrevolution Send me a voice message!: https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/liam-connerly TikTok: ⁠https://www.tiktok.com/@mrconnerly?is_from_webapp=1&sender_device=pc⁠ Email: ⁠rhetoricrevolution@gmail.com⁠ Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/connerlyliam/ Podcast | Latin in Layman's - A Rhetoric Revolution https://open.spotify.com/show/0EjiYFx1K4lwfykjf5jApM?si=b871da6367d74d92 acrobat From the word akri (άκρη — “tip” or “edge”) and the verb vaino (βαίνω — “to walk”), an acrobat is someone who walks on the edge, often on tiptoe. cemetery A lot of Greek words used in English like to disguise themselves as Old French or Latin. Don't let looks deceive you, though: This example actually comes from the Greek word koimame (κοιμάμαι — “to sleep”), which is also the root of another word, koimitirion (κοιμητήριο — “dormitory”). Is it creepy, then, that we call our final places of rest “dormitories for the dead”? Perhaps. cynicism The word "cynicism" comes from the Greek word "kynikos," which means "dog-like." This is because the Cynics, a school of ancient Greek philosophy, were known for their simple, ascetic lifestyle and their outspoken criticism of social conventions. They were often compared to dogs, who were seen as independent and untamed creatures. The Cynics were founded by Antisthenes, a student of Socrates. Antisthenes believed that the only true good was virtue, and that everything else was a distraction. He argued that people should live in accordance with nature, which meant rejecting material possessions, social status, and even family ties. The most famous Cynic was Diogenes of Sinope. Diogenes lived in a barrel and begged for food. He was known for his sharp wit and his willingness to challenge conventional wisdom. He once famously told Alexander the Great to "get out of my sun," when the king came to visit him. The Cynics were a minority movement, but they had a significant influence on later philosophers, such as the Stoics and the Epicureans. Their ideas about virtue, simplicity, and independence continue to be relevant today. democracy Ahh, good old democracy. Combining demos (δήμος — “people”) and kratos (κράτος — “power”), the meaning of this quintessential Greek word used in English is simply put: power to the people!

Mure is a verb that means to shut in an enclosed space.  Our word of the day comes from the Old French word for ‘to wall up' or enclose. It's been enclosed in the English language since the Middle English period. Here's an example of mure in use:  As a kid, I would always try to mure my comics in a narrow crack in the wall. That way, my little brother couldn't find them and mess them all up.

Enjoy this long version of our Fun French Podcast : the conversation edition. Get used to different voices tone. Want to master french conversation ? Enroll now in our Complete conversational course for beginners : https://www.udemy.com/course/conversational-french-course-for-beginners-by-fun-french/?referralCode=9DC1998057EB25D765E3

Merriam-Webster's Word of the Day for October 30, 2023 is: werewolf • WAIR-woolf • noun Werewolf refers to a person transformed into a wolf or capable of assuming a wolf's form, especially during the full moon. // She went to the Halloween party dressed as a werewolf, wearing faux fur from head to toe. See the entry > Examples: "With her brother and sister, Marnie follows her grandma to a city called Halloweentown, where ghosts and goblins and werewolves live side by side." — Claudia Guthrie, ELLE, 28 Aug. 2023 Did you know? Although English sometimes makes use of other words for howling humanoid beasties, werewolf is the leader of the pack. It's also an ancient word, tracing all the way back to the Old English werwulf, and before that to a prehistoric predecessor that also left its paw prints on German (Werwolf) and Dutch (weerwolf). Synonyms for werewolf in English include the obscure lycanthrope, which has roots in two Greek words (lykos, meaning "wolf," and anthrōpos, meaning "human being"), and loup-garou, which comes from Old French. Whichever you use, the lycanthropic creatures these words refer to most often assume wolf form during a full moon—at least in works of fiction. There are no credible studies to date on the behavior of real-life werewolves, as scientists have yet to find the silver bullet that proves they exist.

Hi Friends, Join me today for the second episode of The Grail Series. Today we explore the anonymous Old French poem from the 13th century called The Elucidation. This cryptic prologue to the wider grails myths and legends is anything but clear! Nevertheless, our depth-psychological reading of the text offers an additional, unique definition of the wasteland, as well as the feminine origins of this collective epic. In particular, we are able to discern wisdom from three guiding principles: Mystery, hospitality, and justice. Given the tragic eruption of war in the Middle East, and the ongoing suffering globally, this is a powerful moment to integrate the ways in which we can offer the balm of justice to ourselves and others. Musical selection: The Great Unknown by Hampus Naeselius --- Support this podcast: https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/lori-green2/support

The Earthly Paradise was a vibrant symbol at the heart of medieval Christian geographies of the cosmos. As humanity's primal home now lost through the sins of Adam of Eve, the Earthly Paradise figured prominently in Old French tales of lands beyond the mundane world. This study proposes a fresh look at the complex roles played by the Earthly Paradise in three medieval French poems: Marie de France's The Purgatory of St. Patrick, Benedeit's Voyage of Saint Brendan the Abbot, and Guillaume de Lorris's The Romance of the Rose.  By examining the literary, cultural, and artistic components that informed each poem, Spiritual and Material Boundaries in Old French Verse: Contemplating the Walls of the Earthly Paradise (Medieval Institute Publications, 2023) advances the thesis that the exterior walls of the Earthly Paradise served evolving purposes as contemplative objects that implicitly engaged complex notions of economic solidarity and idealized community. These visions of the Earthly Paradise stand to provide a striking contribution to a historically informed response to the contemporary legacies of colonialism and the international refugee crisis. Jacob Abell is Assistant Professor of French at Baylor University. His work focuses on ecocriticism, religious studies, and the digital humanities. Becky Straple-Sovers is a medievalist and freelance editor who earned her Ph.D. in English at Western Michigan University in 2021. Her research interests include bodies, movement, gender, and sexuality in literature, as well as poetry of the First World War and the public humanities. She can be found on Twitter @restraple. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/new-books-network

The Earthly Paradise was a vibrant symbol at the heart of medieval Christian geographies of the cosmos. As humanity's primal home now lost through the sins of Adam of Eve, the Earthly Paradise figured prominently in Old French tales of lands beyond the mundane world. This study proposes a fresh look at the complex roles played by the Earthly Paradise in three medieval French poems: Marie de France's The Purgatory of St. Patrick, Benedeit's Voyage of Saint Brendan the Abbot, and Guillaume de Lorris's The Romance of the Rose.  By examining the literary, cultural, and artistic components that informed each poem, Spiritual and Material Boundaries in Old French Verse: Contemplating the Walls of the Earthly Paradise (Medieval Institute Publications, 2023) advances the thesis that the exterior walls of the Earthly Paradise served evolving purposes as contemplative objects that implicitly engaged complex notions of economic solidarity and idealized community. These visions of the Earthly Paradise stand to provide a striking contribution to a historically informed response to the contemporary legacies of colonialism and the international refugee crisis. Jacob Abell is Assistant Professor of French at Baylor University. His work focuses on ecocriticism, religious studies, and the digital humanities. Becky Straple-Sovers is a medievalist and freelance editor who earned her Ph.D. in English at Western Michigan University in 2021. Her research interests include bodies, movement, gender, and sexuality in literature, as well as poetry of the First World War and the public humanities. She can be found on Twitter @restraple. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/literary-studies

Acceleration – the change in velocity over time Acceleration: The term "acceleration" comes from the Latin word "acceleratio," which means "a hastening." The concept of acceleration as the rate of change of velocity over time was formulated in the context of classical mechanics by Isaac Newton. Newton's second law of motion relates force to acceleration and mass, providing a foundational understanding of how objects change their motion when subjected to forces. Average speed – the total distance traveled by an object, divided by the total time it took the object to travel that distance Average Speed: "Speed" itself originates from the Old English word "spēd," meaning "success, prosperity, good fortune." The concept of average speed has been used for centuries, but its formalization as a mathematical concept likely emerged as a part of the development of classical mechanics during the Renaissance, building on the works of scientists like Galileo and Kepler. Bias – a leaning in one direction or another away from the truth due to an error in design, measurement, or analysis Bias: "Bias" has its origins in the Old French word "biais," meaning "slant, slope." It evolved to connote a particular inclination or prejudice. In a scientific context, the term likely gained prominence with the rise of experimental methodologies and the recognition of errors or influences that could skew results. Centripetal acceleration – anything moving in circular motion Centripetal Acceleration: "Centripetal" comes from the Latin words "centrum" (center) and "petere" (to seek or strive for). The concept of centripetal acceleration was developed as part of the study of circular motion and orbits. It was formalized in the works of Johannes Kepler and Isaac Newton, who showed that a force directed toward the center of a circle (centripetal force) is required to keep an object in uniform circular motion. Distance – how far something has traveled Distance: "Distance" originates from the Latin word "distantia," meaning "a standing apart." The concept of measuring distance has ancient roots, going back to human's need to navigate and understand their surroundings. Early civilizations developed various units of measurement for distance, which eventually contributed to the modern metric and imperial systems. Motion – when an object changes position over time relative to a reference point, or a reference direction Motion: "Motion" traces its roots to the Latin word "motio," meaning "a moving." The study of motion dates back to ancient Greece, with philosophers like Aristotle pondering the nature of motion. However, it was Galileo and later Isaac Newton who laid the groundwork for a systematic understanding of motion and its relationship to forces. Procedure – a step-by-step description of how to conduct an experiment Procedure: "Procedure" comes from the Latin word "procedere," meaning "to go forward." In the context of scientific experimentation, the term gained prominence with the development of formalized scientific methodologies, particularly during the Renaissance and the Enlightenment. Time – how long something takes Time: "Time" is a concept deeply ingrained in human culture and language. Its measurement and understanding have evolved across civilizations, with advancements in timekeeping devices and the development of precise methods for measuring time intervals, culminating in the modern concept of time as a fundamental dimension. Unit – describes what is being measured (e.g. meter, second, gram) Unit: The concept of measurement units has evolved over millennia, with various cultures developing their own systems. Modern scientific measurement units, such as the metric system, have their roots in the Renaissance and Enlightenment periods when efforts to standardize measurements gained traction. Vector – a measurement that includes a magnitude (a number) and a direction Vector: "Vector" comes from the Latin word "vehere," meaning "to carry." --- Support this podcast: https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/liam-connerly/support

“Irreligion, the lack or rejection of religious beliefs or practices. Irreligion is a broad concept that encompasses many different positions and draws upon an array of philosophical and intellectual perspectives, including atheism, agnosticism, skepticism, rationalism, and secularism. These perspectives themselves are multifaceted, such that people who are irreligious may hold a wide variety of specific beliefs about religion or be related to religion in varied ways. Around the world, hundreds of millions of people do not identify with any religion, particularly in China, which is officially an atheist state. The term irreligion can be challenging to apply in specific circumstances and is frequently characterized differently depending on context. Surveys of religious belief sometimes use lack of identification with a religion as a marker of irreligion. However, this can be misleading, as in some cases a person may identify with a religious cultural institution while not actually holding the doctrines of that institution or participating in its religious practice. Some scholars define irreligion as the active rejection of religion, as opposed to the mere absence of religion. “ I learned that “Spare the rod, spoil the child”, “Trinity” “Denomination”, and “The Lord helps those who help themselves” are not in the Bible. “An interesting quote from the 1915 “Gospel Advocate” (Pg 589) says: “The word ‘Church' is really not a translation of any word that was used by either Christ or His Apostles, but is the Anglican form of a different word which Roman Catholicism substituted in place of the word used by Christ and His Apostles… It is in our english scriptures by order of King James, who instructed his translators of 1611 not to translate the word “Ecclesia” by either ‘Congregation' or ‘Assembly' but to use the word ‘Church' instead of a translation.” “What does the word “Church” mean and from where did it come from? The scriptures? No.” “The word “Church” is neither Hebrew nor Greek. In point of fact, when these languages were translated into English Bibles, the word “Church” was already in existence. The greek word used in the renewed covenant for “Church” is “Ekklesia” which basically means “Called Out ones”. Ekklesia does not refer to a building, but rather a group of people. Proper English translations should read: Congregation, Assembly or Group. Strangely in Acts 19:32, 39 and 41, Ekklesia is the word that is translated as “Assembly”, but in other passages, it is translated as “Church”. Jesus and His disciples never spoke the word religion. “The term religion comes from both Old French and Anglo-Norman (1200s AD) and means respect for sense of right, moral obligation, sanctity, what is sacred, reverence for the gods.[15][16] It is ultimately derived from the Latin word religiō. According to Roman philosopher Cicero, religiō comes from relegere: re (meaning "again") + lego (meaning "read"), where lego is in the sense of "go over", "choose", or "consider carefully". Contrarily, some modern scholars such as Tom Harpur and Joseph Campbell have argued that religiō is derived from religare: re (meaning "again") + ligare ("bind" or "connect"), which was made prominent by St. Augustine following the interpretation given by Lactantius in Divinae institutiones, IV, 28.[17][18] The medieval usage alternates with order in designating bonded communities like those of monastic orders: "we hear of the 'religion' of the Golden Fleece, of a knight 'of the religion of Avys'".[19] “From Middle English sinne, synne, sunne, zen, from Old English synn ("sin"), from Proto-West Germanic *sunnju, from Proto-Germanic *sunjō ("truth, excuse") and *sundī, *sundijō ("sin"), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁s-ónt-ih₂, from *h₁sónts ("being, true", implying a verdict of "truly guilty" against an accusation or charge), from *h₁es- ("to be"); compare Old English sōþ ("true"; see sooth). Doublet of suttee.” --- Send in a voice message: https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/antonio-myers4/message Support this podcast: https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/antonio-myers4/support

Hello to you listening in Los Lunas, New Mexico!Coming to you from Whidbey Island, Washington this is Stories From Women Who Walk with 60 Seconds for Story Prompt Friday and your host, Diane Wyzga.The other day my friend and colleague Dr. Hoda Kilani of Right Career Fit  posed this question: “Are you moving forward in a way that motivates you to wake up and run to work?”Her question carried me back decades to one Easter Sunday. My baby brother, Paul, and I were standing in the kitchen of the family home. Maybe preparing a meal. Maybe washing up from a meal. I was yammering on about this or that activity, achievement, project in my professional life. Why? In part because my personal life had wilted. He turned and asked me: So, are you flourishing out there?What stays with me is the word "flourishing." A deliberate choice. One interpretation is "to grow luxuriantly." How often do we use that word? Not surprisingly flourish comes from the Old French meaning “flower.”Story Prompt: How are you waking up each day? Ready to move forward with anticipation? Or something else? What could use some attention so you flourish and bloom like the flower you are? Write that story! Practical Tip: The magic of stories is also in the sharing. If you wish share your story with someone or something.   All that matters is you have a story.You're always invited: “Come for the stories - stay for the magic!” Speaking of magic....., would you subscribe, share a 5-star rating + nice review on your social media or podcast channel of choice, and join us next time!Meanwhile, stop by my Quarter Moon Story Arts website to:✓ Check out Services I offer,✓ Arrange your free Story Start-up Session,✓ Opt In to my monthly NewsAudioLetter for bonus gift, valuable tips & techniques to enhance your story work, and✓ Stay current with Diane and on LinkedIn.Stories From Women Who Walk Production TeamPodcaster: Diane F Wyzga & Quarter Moon Story ArtsMusic: Mer's Waltz from Crossing the Waters by Steve Schuch & Night Heron MusicAll content and image © 2019 to Present Quarter Moon Story Arts. All rights reserved.

Merriam-Webster's Word of the Day for August 7, 2023 is: malaise • muh-LAYZ • noun Malaise refers to a slight or general feeling of not being healthy or happy. // She couldn't pinpoint the cause of this overwhelming feeling of malaise. See the entry > Examples: “Despite its less-than-satisfying ending, Spider-Man: Across the Spider-Verse serves the coolest animated kids I've seen since Miles felt that first bite from a radioactive spider five years ago. The movie opens with an all-girl, multiracial garage band coping with Gwen Stacy's (Hailee Steinfeld) malaise and ends with a team as powerful as rock stars ready to save the world.” — Eisa Nefertari Ulen, The Hollywood Reporter, 13 June 2023 Did you know? A recipe: combine a handful of the blahs, a pinch of the blues, and maybe a soupçon of ennui, season generously with “under the weather,” and voila, you've got yourself the stew of sinking sensations known as malaise. Malaise, whose Old French ancestor was formed from the combination of mal (“bad”) and aise (“comfort”), has been a part of English since the mid-18th century. It originally referred to a vague feeling of weakness or discomfort accompanying the onset of an illness—a meaning still in use today when a virus or other malady starts producing symptoms—but has since broadened to cover a general, ominous sense of mental or moral ill-being.

Altruism: The principle or practice of unselfish concern for the welfare of others. (Etymology: from Latin alter, “other,” + -ism.) Charity: Generosity and kindness in giving to those in need. (Etymology: from Latin caritas, “love, affection, benevolence.”) Conscience: The sense of right and wrong that guides one's thoughts and actions. (Etymology: from Latin conscientia, “knowledge with oneself.”) Courage: The ability to do something that frightens one, or to face danger, pain, or difficulty. (Etymology: from Latin cor, “heart.”) Fairness: The quality of being just and impartial. (Etymology: from Old English fægere, “beautiful, pleasing.”) Honesty: The quality of being truthful and sincere. (Etymology: from Old French honesté, “honor, dignity.”) Integrity: The quality of being honest and having strong moral principles. (Etymology: from Latin integritas, “wholeness, completeness.”) Justice: The quality of being fair and impartial. (Etymology: from Latin iustitia, “uprightness, fairness.”) Kindness: The quality of being friendly, generous, and considerate. (Etymology: from Old English cynd, “nature, disposition.”) Loyalty: The quality of being faithful to one's obligations, promises, or allegiances. (Etymology: from Old French loialté, “faithfulness.”) Morality: The principles concerning the distinction between right and wrong or good and bad behavior. (Etymology: from Latin moralis, “pertaining to custom, manners, or character.”) Perseverance: The ability to continue in a course of action in spite of difficulty or opposition.  (Etymology: from Latin perseverantia, “steadfastness, constancy.”) Respect: A feeling of admiration for someone or something that one considers to be excellent, virtuous, or admirable. (Etymology: from Latin respectus, “a looking back, regard.”) Responsibility: The state of being accountable or liable for something. (Etymology: from Latin respondere, “to answer back.”) Self-control: The ability to control one's emotions, desires, and behavior. (Etymology: from Old French seul, “self,” + controuloir, “to restrain.”) Trustworthiness: The quality of being reliable and dependable. (Etymology: from Old French truste, “confidence, reliance.”) --- Support this podcast: https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/liam-connerly/support

For the sixth episode in their Medieval Beginnings series, Mary and Irina go full Romance with one of the most elaborate and surprising narrative poems in medieval literature, Le Roman de Silence, a complex, 13th-century Old French tale about gender, power and transformation.This is an extract from the episode. To listen in full and to our other Close Readings series, sign up here:Directly in Apple Podcasts: https://apple.co/3pJoFPqIn other podcast apps: lrb.me/closereadingsIrina Dumitrescu is Professor of English Medieval Studies at the University of Bonn and Mary Wellesley as a historian and author of Hidden Hands: The Lives of Manuscripts and their Makers. Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

c. 1300, nacioun, "a race of people, large group of people with common ancestry and language," from Old French nacion "birth, rank; descendants, relatives; country, homeland" (12c.) and directly from Latin nationem (nominative natio) "birth, origin; breed, stock, kind, species; race of people, tribe," literally "that which has been born," from natus, past participle of nasci "be born" (Old Latin gnasci), from PIE root *gene- "give birth, beget," with derivatives referring to procreation and familial and tribal groups.The word is used in English in a broad sense, "a race of people an aggregation of persons of the same ethnic family and speaking the same language," and also in the narrower sense, "a political society composed of a government and subjects or citizens and constituting a political unit; an organized community inhabiting a defined territory within which its sovereignty is exercised."In Middle English it is not easy to distinguish them, but the "political society" sense emerged by 16c., perhaps late 14c. And it has gradually predominated. The older sense is preserved in the application of nation to the native North American peoples (1640s). Nation-building "creation of a new nation" is attested by 1907 (implied in nation-builder). Nation-state "sovereign country the inhabitants of which are united by language, culture, and common descent" is from 1918.A nation is an organized community within a certain territory; or in other words, there must be a place where its sole sovereignty is exercised. [Theodore D. Woolsey, "Introduction to the Study of International Law," 1864] https://www.etymonline.com/word/nation A nation is a large group of people who share a common culture, language, history, and identity, often occupying a specific geographic region. A nation may be defined by its political boundaries or its shared characteristics, and can be made up of many different ethnic and cultural groups. Nations often have their own governments and systems of governance, and may have a unique set of laws and customs that distinguish them from other nations. Some examples of nations include the United States, China, France, and Nigeria. In this episode of the podcast I reflect on the nationhood of my beloved country Nigeria. Asking that very important question, are we really a nation that has looked beyond the lines of tribe and ethnicity to embrace our humanity? Happy listening Support the showYou can support this show via the link below;https://www.buzzsprout.com/1718587/supporters/new

Merriam-Webster's Word of the Day for December 21, 2022 is: accoutrement • uh-KOO-truh-munt • noun An accoutrement is a piece of clothing or equipment that is used in a particular place or for a particular activity. In military contexts, accoutrement refers specifically to a soldier's outfit. The word can also refer to an identifying and often superficial characteristic or device. Accoutrement in any of its uses is often pluralized. // The little closet was cluttered with belts and scarves and other accoutrements of use to a fashion-conscious teenager. See the entry > Examples: "An accoutrement that has the very important job of keeping a man's pants up, belts also have the power to complete a look." — Marie Lodi, The Hollywood Reporter, 20 June 2022 Did you know? Accoutrement and its rarer relative accoutre, a verb meaning "to provide with equipment or furnishings" or "to outfit," have been appearing in English texts since the 16th century. Today both words have variant spellings—accouterment and accouter. The pair's French ancestor, accoutrer, descends from an Old French word meaning "seam" and ultimately traces to the Latin word consuere, meaning "to sew together." Some etymological stitching is visible in another English word: couture, a word referring to the business of making fashionable clothes, as well as to the clothes themselves, is also a descendant of consuere.

Merriam-Webster's Word of the Day for December 15, 2022 is: morass • muh-RASS • noun Morass is used literally to refer to an area of soft, wet ground, especially a marsh or swamp. It is also often used figuratively to mean “a complicated or unpleasant situation that is difficult to get out of or to move through.” // I'm often late getting to work when mud season turns my dirt road into an all but impassable morass. // Social media can make it difficult to discern the truth of something amid the morass of misinformation. See the entry > Examples: “The tax credits are actually a confusing morass of eligibility requirements and sourcing provisions that may ultimately limit what people purchase.” — Andrew J. Hawkins, TheVerge.com, 17 Aug. 2022 Did you know? We won't swamp you with details: morass comes from the Dutch word moeras, which itself derives from an Old French word, maresc, meaning “marsh.” Morass has been part of English for centuries, and in its earliest uses was a synonym of swamp or marsh. (That was the sense Robert Louis Stevenson used when he described Long John Silver emerging from “a low white vapour that had crawled during the night out of the morass” in Treasure Island.) Imagine walking through a thick, muddy swamp: it's easy to compare such slogging to an effort to extricate yourself from a sticky situation. By the mid-19th century, morass had gained a figurative sense, and could refer to any predicament that was as murky, confusing, or difficult to navigate as a literal swamp.

Merriam-Webster's Word of the Day for December 11, 2022 is: imbue • im-BYOO • verb Imbue can be used as a synonym for endow (“to provide with something freely or naturally”) and can also mean “to permeate or influence” in a way that suggests colored dye permeating cloth fabric. // The children were imbued with a passion for nature by their parents, both biologists. See the entry > Examples: “A radical political commentator who turned to children's literature late in life, [Carlo] Collodi wrote a complex, unsettling novel—miles away from the morality tale that Pinocchio's story has become. Collodi's is a multilayered work of fiction that, although primarily aimed at young readers, is imbued with social criticism and pessimistic humor, and can be read, among other things, as an irreverent attack on established authority.” — Anna Momigliano, The Atlantic, 12 Sept. 2022 Did you know? Like its synonym infuse, imbue implies the introduction of one thing into another so as to affect it throughout. Someone's voice can be imbued with pride, for example, or a photograph might be imbued with a sense of melancholy. In the past imbue has also been used synonymously with imbrue, an obscure word meaning “to drench or stain,” but the two words are likely unrelated. Imbue comes from the Latin verb imbuere, meaning “to dye, wet, or moisten.” Imbrue has been traced back through Anglo-French and Old French to the Latin verb bibere, meaning “to drink.”

Merriam-Webster's Word of the Day for November 19, 2022 is: pell-mell • pel-MEL • adverb Pell-mell means “in a confused and hurried way” or “in mingled confusion or disorder.” // On Black Friday, some shoppers rush pell-mell into stores to find their favorite items at a discounted price. See the entry> Examples: “But, before we head pell-mell down this road to ‘greening' the nation's transportation fleet, we have to ask the question, ‘What about car and truck safety?' Isn't this push toward electric vehicles also an opportunity to make our roads safer as well?” — The Journal Times (Racine, Wisconsin), 11 Sept. 2022 Did you know? The word pell-mell was probably formed through a process called reduplication. This process—which involves the repetition of a word or part of a word, with often a slight change in its form—also generated the terms flip-flop, chitchat, and shilly-shally, the last of which comes from a single-word compression of the question “Shall I?” For pell-mell, the process is believed to have occurred long ago: our word traces to a Middle French word of the same meaning, pelemele, which comes from the Old French word pesle mesle, likely a product of reduplication from the Old French word mesle, a form of mesler, meaning “to mix” or “to mingle.”

Merriam-Webster's Word of the Day for November 5, 2022 is: abandon • uh-BAN-dun • noun Abandon means “a feeling or attitude of wild or complete freedom,” and is often used synonymously with enthusiasm and exuberance. It also appears in the phrase with reckless abandon to describe something done without fear or concern for consequences. // In an act of reckless abandon, she quit her job and moved to Tahiti. See the entry > Examples: “Just as VHS tape users were once asked to be kind enough to consider the next user, [Rachel] Goclawski said foragers should also be mindful of other foragers—both the animal and the people variety—and not be ‘unscrupulous.' This is especially important to consider during a drought year where animals may already be strapped for resources and plants are under a lot of stress. The exception to that rule is, of course, invasive plants like garlic mustard and autumn olive, which can be harvested with guilt-free abandon ...” — Lillian Eden, Metro West Daily News (Framingham, Massachusetts), 9 Sept. 2022 Did you know? You may associate this word with the act of leaving and never returning, given the familiarity of the verb abandon. But the noun abandon, with its more pleasant connotations of freedom, is likely here to stay despite being a relative newcomer. It only entered the English language in the early 1800s, as a borrowing from French that goes back to an Old French word meaning “surrender.” (English had borrowed the verb abandon centuries before from the French speakers living in medieval England.) Louisa May Alcott recognized the word's utility; she used it of Jo in Little Women, writing that “when the writing fit came on, she gave herself up to it with entire abandon, and led a blissful life, unconscious of want, care, or bad weather ...”

Today on the show we hadvCesar Piña & Jenni Tips stop by and discuss the real estate market, investment properties, new platform and more. Next, its been awhile since we had our guy French Montanna stop by, who discussed quitting alcohol, starting verzuz, upcoming documentary, new album and more. Lastly, we had Ryan Wilson & TK Petersen stop by to speak on the Gathering Spot', building community, financial inclusion and more.  See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.