Podcasts about espay

Welcome to the NeurologyLive® Mind Moments® podcast. Tune in to hear leaders in neurology sound off on topics that impact your clinical practice. In this episode, we comprised some of the most interesting conversations from Mind Moments podcast episodes in 2023, highlighting research in neurology that moves the field forward. The NeurologyLive team included several reaction episodes to FDA approved medicines, providing clinicians an overview of what they can expect from these new therapies and how they will be used in clinic going forward. Those included in this week's episode, in order of appearance, are: Sharon Cohen, MD, FRCPC, behavioral neurologist and medical director of the Toronto Memory Program at the University of Toronto, and a trial investigator for Clarity AD, the phase 3 trial of lecanemab. Check out the full episode here: https://www.neurologylive.com/view/special-episode-lecanemab-approved-for-alzheimer-disease Robert A. Hauser, MD, MBA, director of the Parkinson's and Movement Disorders Center at the University of South Florida.Check out the full episode here: https://www.neurologylive.com/view/episode-81-widening-therapeutic-window-parkinson-disease Alberto Espay, MD, PhD, the division director and Research Endowed Chair of the James J. and Joan A. Gardner Family Center for Parkinson's Disease and Movement Disorders, and a professor of clinical neurology and rehabilitation medicine at the University of Cincinnati.Check out the full episode here: https://www.neurologylive.com/view/episode-94-discussion-leqembi-lecanemab-approval-alzheimer-disease Carolina Ferreira Atuesta, MD, MSc, a scientific researcher and clinical data manager at the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai.Check out the full episode here: https://www.neurologylive.com/view/episode-82-managing-seizures-after-ischemic-stroke Natalie Goedeker, CPNP, a nurse practitioner in neurology in the Neuromuscular Division at Washington University in St Louis.Check out the full episode here: https://www.neurologylive.com/view/special-episode-tofersen-approved-sod1-als Want more Mind Moments episodes? Click here for all of NeurologyLive®'s podcast episodes. Episode Breakdown: 1:20 – Cohen on the safety of lecanemab, including the 3 patient deaths reported in the supportive clinical trial program.  6:25 – Hauser on the clinical advantages of IPX203, a potential new carbidopa/levodopa formulation for patients with Parkinson disease.  9:20 – Espay on tempering expectations of lecanemab and other antiamyloid therapies in the treatment of Alzheimer disease. 13:20 – Atuesta on the lack of standardized methods for monitoring patients with poststroke seizures, including elders. 17:00 – Goedeker on the approval of gene therapy SRP-9001 for patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy, the integration process, and safety considerations clinicians should be aware of. This episode is brought to you by Medical World News, a streaming channel from MJH Life Sciences®. Check out new content and shows every day, only at medicalworldnews.com. Thanks for listening to the NeurologyLive® Mind Moments® podcast. To support the show, be sure to rate, review, and subscribe wherever you listen to podcasts. For more neurology news and expert-driven content, visit neurologylive.com.

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Welcome to the NeurologyLive® Mind Moments® podcast. Tune in to hear leaders in neurology sound off on topics that impact your clinical practice. This episode features an in-depth dive into the recent approval of lecanemab (Leqembi; Eisai) for Alzheimer disease and the ongoing debate about its potential benefit, the amyloid-targeting class of medicines, and the communication of data. Featured in this episode is commentary from 2 experts in neurology clinical care: Anton P. Porsteinsson, MD, the William B. and Sheila Konar Professor of Psychiatry, Neurology, Neuroscience, and Medicine, and the director of the Alzheimer's Disease Care, Research and Education Program at the University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry; and Alberto Espay, MD, PhD, the division director and Research Endowed Chair of the James J. and Joan A. Gardner Family Center for Parkinson's Disease and Movement Disorders, and a professor of clinical neurology and rehabilitation medicine at the University of Cincinnati. Looking for more Alzheimer disease discussion? Check out the NeurologyLive® dementia and Alzheimer disease clinical focus page. Episode Breakdown: 1:45 – Introduction and main findings 3:15 – Espay, with his perspective on the downstream effects of the approval 10:10 – Porsteinsson, with his perspective on the downstream effects of the approval 18:30 – Secondary end points and safety data 20:05 – Porsteinsson, on the recent progress in AD 23:05 – Espay, on contextualizing the effect of amyloid clearance 26:00 – Porsteinsson, on the logistics of the approval 34:20 – Espay, on the lingering unanswered questions 38:20 – Espay, on the communication of data to the public around the amyloid therapies 42:25 – Porsteinsson, on how things evolve going forward This episode is brought to you by Medical World News, a streaming channel from MJH Life Sciences®. Check out new content and shows every day, only at medicalworldnews.com. The stories and studies featured in this week's show, as well as additional expert interviews on lecanemab, can be found here: Show notes: Alberto Espay's lecanemab data infographic Lecanemab CLARITY data Donanameb TRAILBLAZER data Additional reading and coverage: FDA Grants Traditional Approval to Lecanemab as Therapy for Early-Stage Alzheimer Disease Medicare Expands Coverage for Fully Approved Alzheimer Agent Lecanemab Lecanemab to be Tested in Preclinical Alzheimer Disease Therapeutics Aim at Modifying Alzheimer Disease Additional expert interviews: David Bates, PhD: Downstream Impacts of Lecanemab on Alzheimer Disease, Future Drug Development Howard Fillit, MD: Lecanemab's Impact on Care and Diagnosis and the Future of Alzheimer Disease Treatment Nicole Fowler, PhD, MHSA: Preparing Primary Care Centers for New Wave of Alzheimer Agents Ronald C. Petersen, MD, PhD: Lessons Learned About Clinically Meaningful Benefit from Antiamyloid Trials Sharon Cohen, MD, FRCPC: Significance of Expanding Antiamyloid Therapy Class, Toolbox to Treat Alzheimer Thanks for listening to the NeurologyLive® Mind Moments® podcast. To support the show, be sure to rate, review, and subscribe wherever you listen to podcasts. For more neurology news and expert-driven content, visit neurologylive.com. REFERENCES 1. FDA Converts Novel Alzheimer's Disease Treatment to Traditional Approval. FDA. News release. July 6, 2023. Accessed July 27, 2023. https://www.fda.gov/news-events/press-announcements/fda-converts-novel-alzheimers-disease-treatment-traditional-approval 2. van Dyck CH, Swanson CJ, Aisen P, et al. Lecanemab in early Alzheimer's disease. N Engl J Med. 2023;388:9-21. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa2212948 3. Sims JR, Zimmer JA, Evans CD, et al. Donanemab in Early Symptomatic Alzheimer Disease: The TRAILBLAZER-ALZ 2 Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA. Published online July 17, 2023. doi:10.1001/jama.2023.13239

Imagine for a moment that you are watching your loved one slowly deteriorate.They can no longer remember your name, what they did yesterday, what to do with their keys, or even how to brush their teeth. As the disease progresses, they become more and more withdrawn, until eventually, they can no longer recognize the faces of their loved ones. It's a heart-wrenching experience that I wouldn't wish on anyone.This is the reality for millions of people around the world who are affected by Alzheimer's disease. While there is no cure for Alzheimer's, there is hope. New research is providing insights into how we can better treat the disease.One such study has found that targeting amyloid beta could be more effective than previously thought.Amyloid-positive carriers of autosomal dominant Alzheimer's disease-causing mutations were put under observation for 3 years.The study found that higher levels of soluble Aβ42 predicted a lower risk of progression to cognitive impairment to a greater extent than lower levels of brain amyloid. In other words, it showed that treating Alzheimer's disease by targeting amyloid beta could be more effective than previously thought.This is an important finding that could change the way we approach Alzheimer's disease treatment in the future.For me, these hits close to home. My mother, mother-in-law, my brother-in-law, neighbor, sister's mother-in-law, and I have watched as the disease slowly robbed families of their memories, their ability to communicate, and eventually their mobility.To see that there might be a way to target the disease more effectively is very exciting. It gives me hope that one day we might be able to slow down or even stop the progression of Alzheimer's and Give people like me and your loved ones some of their precious memories back.Today my guest is Dr. Alberto Espay. Alberto Espay is a professor and endowed chair at the University of Cincinnati's James J. and Joan A. Gardner Center for Parkinson's disease.He has published over 300 peer-reviewed research articles and 8 books, including Common Movement Disorders Pitfalls and Brain Fables: The Hidden History of Neurodegenerative Diseases and a Blueprint to Conquer Them.Espay has served as Chair of the Movement Disorders Section of the American Academy of Neurology, Associate Editor of the Movement Disorders journal, and on the Executive Committee of the Parkinson Study Group. He recently launched the first biomarker study of aging (CCBPstudy.com).You can reach Alberto via these channels:email: mailto:alberto.espay@uc.eduLinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/alberto-espay-9a834758/

Entrevista con el Dr. Alberto Espay, profesor de neurología en la Facultad de Medicina de la University of Cincinnati, director y presidente del James J. and Joan A. Centro Familiar Gardner para la Enfermedad de Parkinson y Trastornos del Movimiento en el Instituto de Neurociencia Gardner de la University of Cincinnati y un médico de Salud de la University of Cincinnati. En busca de más información para diversas poblaciones étnicas y raciales, los investigadores de la University of Cincinnati han estado realizando un estudio llamado Genética de los trastornos del movimiento inusuales y familiares desde 2017. Los investigadores de la Universidad de Cincinnati están ampliando un estudio para obtener más información sobre los marcadores genéticos de los trastornos del movimiento. Los trastornos del movimiento incluyen una gama de condiciones que afectan el sistema nervioso, y cada vez más se descubre que los trastornos más raros son causados ​​por mutaciones genéticas. El diagnóstico genético es un elemento importante para los pacientes que buscan tratamiento para los trastornos del movimiento. Sin embargo, la mayoría de las pruebas genéticas y el conocimiento sobre los trastornos del movimiento se han centrado en las poblaciones europeas. A través de una asociación con la Universidad de Chile, el estudio ha crecido recientemente para ofrecer pruebas genéticas integrales para pacientes chilenos seleccionados con trastornos del movimiento raros de presunta naturaleza genética. Las pruebas de ADN relacionadas con la ascendencia disponibles para el público en general son relativamente económicas, pero las pruebas genéticas completas son costosas, por lo que es importante contar con fondos de investigación para cubrir las pruebas que pueden no ser asequibles para pacientes individuales. El Dr. Espay explica cómo los trastornos del movimiento incluyen una gama de condiciones que afectan el sistema nervioso, y cada vez más se descubre que los trastornos más raros son causados ​​por mutaciones genéticas. Para el Dr. Espay "el origen del estudio y sobre la importancia de la equidad en las pruebas genéticas para los trastornos del movimiento raros." Los investigadores de la University of Cincinnati tienen planes para expandir a otra poblaciones y grupos étnicos para así poder mitigar la falta de diversidad en la investigación genética. Leer el artículo completo en https://www.uc.edu/news/articles/2022/03/uc-study-examines-genetics-of-movement-disorders.html

Amyloid-Beta And Alzheimer's Disease - Amyloid beta is a protein fragment that's been shown to play an important role in Alzheimer's disease.The Amyloid beta-protein is a major component of the plaques that form in many people with Alzheimer's disease. As these proteins clump together, they start to interfere and destroy neurons so research involving this protein has been intense; however, it seems as though there are more questions than answers when it comes to how amyloids cause neurodegeneration.Alzheimer's is the most common form of dementia. In 2021, Alzheimer's and other dementias will cost the nation $355 billion. By 2050, these costs could rise as high as $1.1 trillion. - according to alz.org.If you're like most people, you believe that amyloid plaques are the cause of Alzheimer's disease. The amyloid hypothesis is the leading theory for explaining Alzheimer's disease (AD) and it has been used to develop many drugs that have failed.The amyloid hypothesis, which states that plaques are causing cognitive impairment, has been the dominant theory for decades. Many scientists have spent their entire careers studying this theory and trying to prove it true. But now there is a growing group of scientists who question if this theory is correct or not.They found that while plaques do accumulate in the brains of people living with dementia, they aren't actually responsible for cognitive decline.--------------------Timestamps:[00:00] Introduction[00:02:37] Share with us a little bit about yourself?[00:03:57] What is so important about amyloid and how does amyloid interact with what we know about the brain?[00:08:56] How does the structure of this protein differ from other diseases associated with amyloid production?[00:11:32] Why are we just now discovering that amyloid plaques may be the symptom and not the cause of Alzheimer's?[00:16:33] What is the timeline like for cognitive progression for amyloid protein deposits?[00:21:53] Does this research mean that we will see any human trials in the future?[00:26:49] Do you recommend that people start to monitor their amyloid levels early like today, just in case they have early signs of memory loss?[00:31:53] Have you noticed cognitive improvements after being treated with drugs that lower amyloid levels?[00:35:11] Let's say if this theory is correct, what do you think the implications are for Alzheimer's patients and their families?[00:37:33] Did any of these studies mention what genetic factors or risk factors might be tied to?[00:39:51] Is there a link between gut health and Alzheimer's disease?[00:41:58] Do you think that there are ways for people with a family history of Alzheimer's disease to reduce their risk?[00:52:15] Do you have anything else that you would like to share?[00:53:08] How do people reach out to you?--------------------Bio:Dr. Alberto J. Espay is a Professor and the endowed chair of the University of Cincinnati James J. and Joan A. Gardner Family Center for Parkinson's Disease and Movement Disorders. His research efforts have focused on the measurement of motor and behavioral phenomena in—and clinical trials for—Parkinson's disease as well as in the understanding and management of functional movement disorders. Recently, he launched a phenotype-agnostic biomarker development program for neurodegenerative diseases with the aim to identify those small but biologically suitable subgroups most likely to respond to therapies already available or under current investigation.Learn more about Alberto:LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/alberto-espay-9a834758/Website: https://www.uchealth.com/physician/alberto-espay/----------

An estimated 80 million people live with a neurodegenerative disease, with this number expected to double by 2050. Despite decades of research and billions in funding, there are no medications that can slow, much less stop, the progress of these diseases. The time to rethink degenerative brain disorders has come. With no biological boundaries between neurodegenerative diseases, illnesses such as Parkinson's and Alzheimer's result from a large spectrum of biological abnormalities, hampering effective treatment. In Brain Fables: The Hidden History of Neurodegenerative Diseases and a Blueprint to Conquer Them (Cambridge UP, 2020), acclaimed neurologist Dr Alberto Espay and Parkinson's advocate Benjamin Stecher present compelling evidence that these diseases should be targeted according to genetic and molecular signatures rather than clinical diagnoses. There is no Parkinson's or Alzheimer's, simply people with Parkinson's or Alzheimer's. An incredibly important story never before told, Brain Fables is a wakeup call to the scientific community and society, explaining why we have no effective disease-modifying treatments, and how we can get back on track. Galina Limorenko is a doctoral candidate in Neuroscience with a focus on biochemistry and molecular biology of neurodegenerative diseases at EPFL in Switzerland. You can reach her at galina.limorenko@epfl.ch. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

An estimated 80 million people live with a neurodegenerative disease, with this number expected to double by 2050. Despite decades of research and billions in funding, there are no medications that can slow, much less stop, the progress of these diseases. The time to rethink degenerative brain disorders has come. With no biological boundaries between neurodegenerative diseases, illnesses such as Parkinson's and Alzheimer's result from a large spectrum of biological abnormalities, hampering effective treatment. In Brain Fables: The Hidden History of Neurodegenerative Diseases and a Blueprint to Conquer Them (Cambridge UP, 2020), acclaimed neurologist Dr Alberto Espay and Parkinson's advocate Benjamin Stecher present compelling evidence that these diseases should be targeted according to genetic and molecular signatures rather than clinical diagnoses. There is no Parkinson's or Alzheimer's, simply people with Parkinson's or Alzheimer's. An incredibly important story never before told, Brain Fables is a wakeup call to the scientific community and society, explaining why we have no effective disease-modifying treatments, and how we can get back on track. Galina Limorenko is a doctoral candidate in Neuroscience with a focus on biochemistry and molecular biology of neurodegenerative diseases at EPFL in Switzerland. You can reach her at galina.limorenko@epfl.ch.

An estimated 80 million people live with a neurodegenerative disease, with this number expected to double by 2050. Despite decades of research and billions in funding, there are no medications that can slow, much less stop, the progress of these diseases. The time to rethink degenerative brain disorders has come. With no biological boundaries between neurodegenerative diseases, illnesses such as Parkinson's and Alzheimer's result from a large spectrum of biological abnormalities, hampering effective treatment. In Brain Fables: The Hidden History of Neurodegenerative Diseases and a Blueprint to Conquer Them (Cambridge UP, 2020), acclaimed neurologist Dr Alberto Espay and Parkinson's advocate Benjamin Stecher present compelling evidence that these diseases should be targeted according to genetic and molecular signatures rather than clinical diagnoses. There is no Parkinson's or Alzheimer's, simply people with Parkinson's or Alzheimer's. An incredibly important story never before told, Brain Fables is a wakeup call to the scientific community and society, explaining why we have no effective disease-modifying treatments, and how we can get back on track. Galina Limorenko is a doctoral candidate in Neuroscience with a focus on biochemistry and molecular biology of neurodegenerative diseases at EPFL in Switzerland. You can reach her at galina.limorenko@epfl.ch. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/neuroscience

An estimated 80 million people live with a neurodegenerative disease, with this number expected to double by 2050. Despite decades of research and billions in funding, there are no medications that can slow, much less stop, the progress of these diseases. The time to rethink degenerative brain disorders has come. With no biological boundaries between neurodegenerative diseases, illnesses such as Parkinson's and Alzheimer's result from a large spectrum of biological abnormalities, hampering effective treatment. In Brain Fables: The Hidden History of Neurodegenerative Diseases and a Blueprint to Conquer Them (Cambridge UP, 2020), acclaimed neurologist Dr Alberto Espay and Parkinson's advocate Benjamin Stecher present compelling evidence that these diseases should be targeted according to genetic and molecular signatures rather than clinical diagnoses. There is no Parkinson's or Alzheimer's, simply people with Parkinson's or Alzheimer's. An incredibly important story never before told, Brain Fables is a wakeup call to the scientific community and society, explaining why we have no effective disease-modifying treatments, and how we can get back on track. Galina Limorenko is a doctoral candidate in Neuroscience with a focus on biochemistry and molecular biology of neurodegenerative diseases at EPFL in Switzerland. You can reach her at galina.limorenko@epfl.ch. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/psychology

An estimated 80 million people live with a neurodegenerative disease, with this number expected to double by 2050. Despite decades of research and billions in funding, there are no medications that can slow, much less stop, the progress of these diseases. The time to rethink degenerative brain disorders has come. With no biological boundaries between neurodegenerative diseases, illnesses such as Parkinson's and Alzheimer's result from a large spectrum of biological abnormalities, hampering effective treatment. In Brain Fables: The Hidden History of Neurodegenerative Diseases and a Blueprint to Conquer Them (Cambridge UP, 2020), acclaimed neurologist Dr Alberto Espay and Parkinson's advocate Benjamin Stecher present compelling evidence that these diseases should be targeted according to genetic and molecular signatures rather than clinical diagnoses. There is no Parkinson's or Alzheimer's, simply people with Parkinson's or Alzheimer's. An incredibly important story never before told, Brain Fables is a wakeup call to the scientific community and society, explaining why we have no effective disease-modifying treatments, and how we can get back on track. Galina Limorenko is a doctoral candidate in Neuroscience with a focus on biochemistry and molecular biology of neurodegenerative diseases at EPFL in Switzerland. You can reach her at galina.limorenko@epfl.ch. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/medicine

An estimated 80 million people live with a neurodegenerative disease, with this number expected to double by 2050. Despite decades of research and billions in funding, there are no medications that can slow, much less stop, the progress of these diseases. The time to rethink degenerative brain disorders has come. With no biological boundaries between neurodegenerative diseases, illnesses such as Parkinson's and Alzheimer's result from a large spectrum of biological abnormalities, hampering effective treatment. In Brain Fables: The Hidden History of Neurodegenerative Diseases and a Blueprint to Conquer Them (Cambridge UP, 2020), acclaimed neurologist Dr Alberto Espay and Parkinson's advocate Benjamin Stecher present compelling evidence that these diseases should be targeted according to genetic and molecular signatures rather than clinical diagnoses. There is no Parkinson's or Alzheimer's, simply people with Parkinson's or Alzheimer's. An incredibly important story never before told, Brain Fables is a wakeup call to the scientific community and society, explaining why we have no effective disease-modifying treatments, and how we can get back on track. Galina Limorenko is a doctoral candidate in Neuroscience with a focus on biochemistry and molecular biology of neurodegenerative diseases at EPFL in Switzerland. You can reach her at galina.limorenko@epfl.ch. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

An estimated 80 million people live with a neurodegenerative disease, with this number expected to double by 2050. Despite decades of research and billions in funding, there are no medications that can slow, much less stop, the progress of these diseases. The time to rethink degenerative brain disorders has come. With no biological boundaries between neurodegenerative diseases, illnesses such as Parkinson's and Alzheimer's result from a large spectrum of biological abnormalities, hampering effective treatment. In Brain Fables: The Hidden History of Neurodegenerative Diseases and a Blueprint to Conquer Them (Cambridge UP, 2020), acclaimed neurologist Dr Alberto Espay and Parkinson's advocate Benjamin Stecher present compelling evidence that these diseases should be targeted according to genetic and molecular signatures rather than clinical diagnoses. There is no Parkinson's or Alzheimer's, simply people with Parkinson's or Alzheimer's. An incredibly important story never before told, Brain Fables is a wakeup call to the scientific community and society, explaining why we have no effective disease-modifying treatments, and how we can get back on track. Galina Limorenko is a doctoral candidate in Neuroscience with a focus on biochemistry and molecular biology of neurodegenerative diseases at EPFL in Switzerland. You can reach her at galina.limorenko@epfl.ch. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

An estimated 80 million people live with a neurodegenerative disease, with this number expected to double by 2050. Despite decades of research and billions in funding, there are no medications that can slow, much less stop, the progress of these diseases. The time to rethink degenerative brain disorders has come. With no biological boundaries between neurodegenerative diseases, illnesses such as Parkinson's and Alzheimer's result from a large spectrum of biological abnormalities, hampering effective treatment. In Brain Fables: The Hidden History of Neurodegenerative Diseases and a Blueprint to Conquer Them (Cambridge UP, 2020), acclaimed neurologist Dr Alberto Espay and Parkinson's advocate Benjamin Stecher present compelling evidence that these diseases should be targeted according to genetic and molecular signatures rather than clinical diagnoses. There is no Parkinson's or Alzheimer's, simply people with Parkinson's or Alzheimer's. An incredibly important story never before told, Brain Fables is a wakeup call to the scientific community and society, explaining why we have no effective disease-modifying treatments, and how we can get back on track. Galina Limorenko is a doctoral candidate in Neuroscience with a focus on biochemistry and molecular biology of neurodegenerative diseases at EPFL in Switzerland. You can reach her at galina.limorenko@epfl.ch. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Dr. Alberto Espay is a Professor of Neurology and the Director of the James J. and Joan A. Gardner Family Center for Parkinson’s Disease and Movement Disorder. Dr. Espay got his MD from the Central University of Venezuala, received his residency training at Indiana University, and fellowship at the University of Toronto. He is also the author of the book “Brain Fables: The Hidden History of Neurodegenerative Diseases and a Blueprint to Conquer Them” released just this month in the United States. Today, we discuss a broad range of topics with Dr. Espay, from the structures in place to fund and advance science and scientific careers, to his own experiences navigating that system, to his excitement and frustrations with his field of neurodegenerative disease. Credits: Our thanks to Dr. Espay for being on the podcast. Follow Dr. Espay on Twitter: @AlbertoEspay Dr. Espay’s Faculty Page: https://www.uchealth.com/physician/alberto-espay/ Pick up a copy of “Brain Fables” here: https://www.amazon.com/dp/B088T85GMF/ref=cm_sw_r_tw_dp_x_ka7qFbM9JDNE9 Host: Bejan Saeedi Co-Host and Audio Engineer – Joe Behnke Executive Producer, Social Media Coordinator, and BTMblog Editor-in-Chief – Carey Jansen Executive Producer – Michael Sayegh Faculty Advisor – Dr. Brian Robinson Twitter: @behindthescope_ Instagram: @behindthemicroscopepod Facebook: @behindthemicroscope1 Website: behindthemicroscope.com

Alberto J. Espay, MD, MSc, conducts a Masterclass lecture on treating patients with Parkinson’s-related psychosis from the Psychopharmacology Update in Cincinnati. The meeting was sponsored by Global Academy for Medical Education and Current Psychiatry. Dr. Espay is professor of neurology at the University of Cincinnati. He also serves as director of the James J. and Joan A. Gardner Family Center Research Chair for Parkinson’s Disease and Movement Disorders. And later, in the “Dr. RK” segment, Renee Kohanski, MD, asks you to think about some of the complex issues tied to getting treatment for people who are both homeless and have serious mental illness.  *  *  *  Treatment of Parkinson’s-related psychosis  Psychosis related to Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a common reason for hospitalization, institutionalization, and decline of patients with PD. The diagnosis of PD is required before the development of psychosis to diagnose patients with Parkinson's-related psychosis. Parkinsonism that appears after development of psychosis is Lewy body dementia. Many factors influence the development of psychosis in PD. Extrinsic factors include medical illnesses or metabolic derangement causing delirium with psychosis; nonessential dopaminergic medications such as ropinirole and selegiline; anticholinergic medications such as benztropine, amantadine, and bladder antispasmodics; and insomnia. The last resort for treatment of psychosis is levodopa because patients will experience motoric decline and loss of functioning. There are several mechanisms for psychosis to occur via the dopaminergic, serotonergic, and glutamatergic pathways; thus, three neurotransmitters – serotonin, dopamine, and glutamate – can be manipulated to treat psychosis. Quetiapine, clozapine, and pimavanserin are the three antipsychotics safe for use in Parkinson’s disease. Clozapine is infrequently used, because of the risk of neutropenia and required blood work monitoring, but evidence shows that the benefits usually outweigh the risks of motor decline. Quetiapine is commonly used, because it has a favorable effect on sleep and psychosis, but it negatively affects the movement disorder of Parkinson's disease. Pimavanserin (Nuplazid), the only medication FDA approved for hallucinations and delusions associated with psychosis in Parkinson’s disease, is highly selective for the 5-HT2A receptor as both an inverse agonist and antagonist. Primary adverse effects are peripheral edema and confusion, but overall the adverse effects profile is similar to that of placebo. In the pimavanserin clinical trials, a subset of patients worsened and experienced more visual hallucinations. In addition, pimavanserin can prolong the QT interval, so patients taking other QT-prolonging medications or who have cardiac comorbidities should be monitored with an EKG. Post hoc data analysis from as pivotal phase 3 study suggests that patients with cognitive impairment and dementia may receive more benefit from pimavanserin.   *  *  *  References Cruz MP. Pimavanserin (Nuplazid): A treatment for hallucinations and delusions associated with Parkinson’s disease. P T. 2017 Jun;42(6):368-71. Cummings J et al. Pimavanserin: Potential treatment for dementia-related psychosis. J Prev Alzheimers Dis. 2018;5(4):253-8. Huot P. 5HT2A receptors and Parkinson’s disease psychosis: A pharmacological discussion. Neurodegenerative Disease Management. 2018 Nov 19. doi: 10.2217/nmt-2018-0039.  *  *  *  For more MDedge Podcasts, go to mdedge.com/podcasts Email the show: podcasts@mdedge.com Interact with us on Twitter: @MDedgePsych  

As part of the MDS Congress 2019 Special Issue, Dr. Matarazzo interviews Dr. Espay about technology in movement disorders, highlighting recent advances and the goal of the MDS to create a platform that will combine technology-based data and e-diaries.

While Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a broad category that includes similar symptoms, each person’s disease may have different features, rate of progression, needs and treatments connected to the specific underlying cause of that person’s disease. As we move towards “personalized” or “precision medicine,” which strives to treat each person’s condition according to their unique disease, research in neurology needs the tools to be able to define differences that can allow a truly personalized approach to treatment. Measuring biomarkers, measurable features that are characteristic of a disease, is one of these tools that provides a better understanding of the disease’s underlying biology and causes. They could be imaging such as MRI, chemicals in the blood or brain, brain wave patterns, or even specific signs and symptoms.  Knowing the underlying causes of the disease can help to design and test therapies that could slow down or stop PD. Using biomarkers would be especially helpful for the design of clinical trials for several reasons. It would allow researchers to segment testing of medications by individuals with similar underlying biology in order to understand if it works for all or just some types of Parkinson’s. It would also help us better monitor if and how a drug is working. Neurologist Dr. Alberto Espay of the University of Cincinnati proposes that Parkinson’s research requires a new way of thinking based on biomarkers to know precisely what kind of disease one is dealing with, especially when participating in clinical trials. Drugs that work for one form of PD may not work for another. Dr. Espay compares the precision of treating Parkinson’s today to where the cancer field was 30 years ago.  

1. Organic solvents and MS susceptibility: Interaction with MS risk HLA genes 2. AAN 2018 Controversies in Neurology plenary: Andrea Leigh Haller and David Perez discuss primary caregivers for functional disorder patientsDr. Stacey Clardy talks with Dr. Anna Hedström about her paper on exposure to organic solvents and the associated risk of developing multiple sclerosis, followed by a discussion with Dr. Alberto Espay, Dr. Andrea Leigh Haller, and Dr. David Perez on who should be the primary caregivers for functional disorder patients. The second interview was originally recorded at the AAN Annual Meeting in Los Angeles.DISCLOSURES: Dr. Clardy has received research support from Western Institute for Biomedical Research (WIBR). Drs. Hedström, Leigh Haller, and Perez report no disclosures. Dr. Espay serves as Associate Editor for the Journal of Clinical Movement Disorders; serves as an editorial board member of Parkinsonism and Related Disorders and The European Neurological Journal; serves on the scientific advisory board for Solvay Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (now Abbvie), Chelsea Therapeutics International, Ltd., Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd., Impax, Merz Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Pfizer Inc, Solstice Neurosciences, Eli Lilly and Company, ACADIA Pharmaceuticals, Inc. and USWorldMeds; is a consultant for Chelsea Therapeutics International, Ltd., Solvay Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (now Abbvie), ACADIA Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Cynapsus and Lundbeck, Inc; receives royalties for publications of books from Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins and Cambridge University Press; serves on the speakers' bureau of UCB, Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd., American Academy of Neurology and Movement Disorders Society; and receives research support from the CleveMed/Great Lake Neurotechnilogies, Michael J. Fox Foundation, and the NIH.

1. Featured Article: Longitudinal analysis of impulse control disorders in Parkinson disease2. What's Trending: Frontiers in Neuroscience plenary interview from 2018 Annual MeetingThis podcast begins and closes with Dr. Robert Gross, Editor-in-Chief, briefly discussing highlighted articles from the July 17, 2018 issue of Neurology. In the first segment, Dr. Jason Crowell talks with Dr. Alexis Elbaz about his paper on impulse control disorders in Parkinson disease. In the second part of the podcast, Dr. Alberto Espay focuses his interview with Dr. Jeff Lichtman on connectomics. The interview was recorded at the 2018 AAN Annual Meeting in Los Angeles.DISCLOSURES: Drs. Crowell and Lichtman reports no disclosures. Dr. Elbaz has received research support from Agence nationale de la recherche (ANR), Agence nationale de sécurité du médicament et des produits de santé, JPND (Joint Programme - Neurodegenerative Disease Research), Institut de santé publique (IRESP), French ministry of agriculture, and Anses (government agency for food and environment safety). Dr. Espay serves as Associate Editor for the Journal of Clinical Movement Disorders; serves as an editorial board member of Parkinsonism and Related Disorders and The European Neurological Journal; serves on the scientific advisory board for Solvay Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (now Abbvie), Chelsea Therapeutics International, Ltd., Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd., Impax, Merz Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Pfizer Inc, Solstice Neurosciences, Eli Lilly and Company, ACADIA Pharmaceuticals, Inc. and USWorldMeds; is a consultant for Chelsea Therapeutics International, Ltd., Solvay Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (now Abbvie), ACADIA Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Cynapsus and Lundbeck, Inc; receives royalties for publications of books from Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins and Cambridge University Press; serves on the speakers' bureau of UCB, Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd., American Academy of Neurology and Movement Disorders Society; receives research support from the CleveMed/Great Lake Neurotechnilogies, Michael J. Fox Foundation and the NIH.

Patient Perspectives, Part II (January 2018)This month’s Delayed Recall episode is the second part of our feature including interviews that focus on the patient perspective. The first part of this feature aired as the Delayed Recall episode for December 2017. We feature four interviews in this second installment; the first is Dr. Alberto Espay’s interview with Dr. Ted Burns in the Sept. 3, 2013 episode, in which they discuss Dr. Burns’ cancer diagnosis and his subsequent experience as a patient. In the second interview, with Dr. Lara Marcuse, Dr. Marcuse responds to Dr. Espay’s Sept. 2013 interview with Dr. Burns, and remarks briefly on her own time as a patient. This interview was part of the October 29, 2013 episode. The third interview features Dr. Espay and Dr. Burns once more; they discuss Dr. Burns’ cancer recurrence, as well as Dr. Burns’ view about the kind of care that he believes is important for healthcare providers to focus on. This interview first appeared in the August 1, 2017 episode. Last, we feature an interview from the June 3, 2008 episode, between Dr. Ted Burns and Dr. Bob Joynt, in which Dr. Joynt offers his advice regarding patient treatment.

Show description/summary:1) Quality improvement in neurology: Stroke and stroke rehabilitation quality measurement set update2) Neurology Today® paper on Parkinson disease and autoimmunityIn the first segment, Dr. Dan Ackerman talks with Dr. Gene Latorre about his paper on the updated quality measurement set for stroke and stroke rehabilitation. In the second part of the podcast, Dr. Alberto Espay focuses his interview with Dr. David Sulzer on Parkinson disease and autoimmunity. Disclosures can be found at Neurology.org.DISCLOSURES: Dr. Espay serves as Associate Editor for the Journal of Clinical Movement Disorders; serves as an editorial board member of Parkinsonism and Related Disorders and The European Neurological Journal; serves on the scientific advisory board for Solvay Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (now Abbvie), Chelsea Therapeutics International, Ltd., Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd., Impax, Merz Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Pfizer Inc, Solstice Neurosciences, Eli Lilly and Company, ACADIA Pharmaceuticals, Inc. and USWorldMeds; is a consultant for Chelsea Therapeutics International, Ltd., Solvay Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (now Abbvie), ACADIA Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Cynapsus and Lundbeck, Inc; receives royalties for publications of books from Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins and Cambridge University Press; serves on the speakers' bureau of UCB, Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd., American Academy of Neurology and Movement Disorders Society; receives research support from the CleveMed/Great Lake Neurotechnilogies, Michael J. Fox Foundation and the NIH.All other participants report no disclosures.

Show description/summary:1) On being sick: Musings about kindness, side effects, and slowing down2) Resident & Fellow Section Update: Annual Writing AwardIn the first segment, Dr. Alberto Espay talks with Dr. Ted Burns about his Special Editorial, “On being sick: Musings about kindness, side effects, and slowing down.” In the second part of the podcast, Dr. Andy Southerland focuses his interview with Dr. John Millichap on the annual Resident & Fellow writing award. Disclosures can be found at Neurology.org.DISCLOSURES:Dr. Espay serves as Associate Editor for the Journal of Clinical Movement Disorders; serves as an editorial board member of Parkinsonism and Related Disorders and The European Neurological Journal; serves on the scientific advisory board for Solvay Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (now Abbvie), Chelsea Therapeutics International, Ltd., Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd., Impax, Merz Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Pfizer Inc, Solstice Neurosciences, Eli Lilly and Company, ACADIA Pharmaceuticals, Inc. and USWorldMeds; is a consultant for Chelsea Therapeutics International, Ltd., Solvay Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (now Abbvie), ACADIA Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Cynapsus and Lundbeck, Inc; receives royalties for publications of books from Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins and Cambridge University Press; serves on the speakers' bureau of UCB, Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd., American Academy of Neurology and Movement Disorders Society; receives research support from the CleveMed/Great Lake Neurotechnilogies, Michael J. Fox Foundation and the NIH.Dr. Burns serves as Podcast Editor for Neurology®; and has received research support for consulting activities with UCB, CSL Behring, Walgreens and Alexion Pharmaceuticals, Inc. All other participants report no disclosures.Dr. Southerland serves as Podcast Editor for Neurology; receives research support from the American Heart Association-American Stroke Association National Clinical Research Program, American Academy of Neurology, American Board of Psychiatry and Neurology, Health Resources Services Administration and the NIH; has a provisional patent application titled: “Method, system and computer readable medium for improving treatment times for rapid evaluation of acute stroke via mobile telemedicine;” and gave legal expert review.Dr. Millichap has received speaker honoraria from Invitae; serves on the editorial board for Neurology and Pediatric Neurology Briefs; receives publishing royalties from BMJ Best Practice and UpToDate; and has received research support from UCB Pharma, Thrasher Research Fund, and Citizens United for Research in Epilepsy.

How can we bring Parkinson’s disease into the age of personalized medicine? One such approach recently described by Alberto Espay (University of Cincinnati, OH, USA) is to subtype the disease according to the presence of certain biomarkers. This is an approach that he says could “up the ante in our ability to modify the disease”, moving us away from purely dopaminergic strategies that address only the ‘common denominator’ of the disease. We caught up with Dr Espay at the American Academy of Neurology Annual Meeting (Boston, MA, USA, 22–28 April), where he told us more about his call for a biomarker-driven approach to subtyping Parkinson’s, and how this could change the way we both research and treat the disease. You can find more podcasts, as well as the latest news and expert opinions across neuroscience and neurology, at www.neuro-central.com

Show description/summary:1) A randomized controlled trial of deutetrabenazine for tardive dyskinesia: the ARM-TD study2) What's Trending: Survival and dementia in GBA-associated Parkinson disease This podcast begins and closes with Dr. Robert Gross, Editor-in-Chief, briefly discussing highlighted articles from the May 23, 2017 issue of Neurology. In the first segment, Dr. Matthew Barrett interviews Dr. Hubert Fernandez about his paper on deutetrabenazine for tardive dyskinesia. For our “What's Trending” feature of the week, Dr. Alberto Espay talks with Dr. Roberto Cilia about his Annals of Neurology paper on survival and dementia in GBA-associated Parkinson disease. Disclosures can be found at Neurology.org. Disclosures can be found at Neurology.org. DISCLOSURES:Dr. Barrett receives research support from Axovant Sciences, Inc., Azevan Pharmaceuticals, Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp, Virginia Center of Alzheimer´s and Related Diseases, Department of Defense Neurotoxin Exposure Treatment Parkinson's Research Program, and NIH.Dr. Fernandez serves on scientific advisory boards for Solvay Duodopa Global Study, EMD Serono Safinamide Global Study, and the Xeomin Registry (all uncompensated); has received travel or speaker honoraria from USF CME, Cleveland Clinic CME, Medical Communications Media, Health Professions Conferencing, Ipsen, Merz Pharmaceuticals, US World Meds, Prime Education Inc., Ohio State University, International Parkinson and Movement Disorders Society, Carline Communications, Medscape, Biogen GE Healthcare, Lundbeck, and Pfizer; served as Medical Editor for the Movement Disorders Society; co-owns the patent for COMPRESS; receives royalty payments from book publications with Demos Publishing, Manson Publishing, and Springer Publishing; has received research support from AbbVie, Acadia, Teva Pharmaceuticals, Biotie Therapeutics, Civitas, Kyowa Kirin International, Rhythm Pharmaceuticals, Synosia Therapeutics, Abbott, Merz Pharmaceuticals, Xeomin Registry Study, Ipsen Pharmaceuticals, Michael J. Fox Foundation, Movement Disorders Society, Huntington Study Group, Parkinson Study Group, National Parkinson Foundation, Society of Progressive Supranuclear Palsy, and NIH/NINDS.Dr. Espay serves as Associate Editor for the Journal of Clinical Movement Disorders; serves as an editorial board member of Parkinsonism and Related Disorders and The European Neurological Journal; serves on the scientific advisory board for Solvay Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (now Abbvie), Chelsea Therapeutics International, Ltd., Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd., Impax, Merz Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Pfizer Inc, Solstice Neurosciences, Eli Lilly and Company, ACADIA Pharmaceuticals, Inc. and USWorldMeds; is a consultant for Chelsea Therapeutics International, Ltd., Solvay Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (now Abbvie), ACADIA Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Cynapsus and Lundbeck, Inc; receives royalties for publications of books from Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins and Cambridge University Press; serves on the speakers' bureau of UCB, Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd., American Academy of Neurology and Movement Disorders Society; receives research support from the CleveMed/Great Lake Neurotechnilogies, Michael J. Fox Foundation and the NIH.Dr. Cilia receives research support from Fondazione Grigioni per il Morbo di Parkinson.

Show description/summary:1) Serum neurofilament light chain as a biomarker for mild traumatic brain injury in contact sports2) What's Trending: Biomarker validation and precision medicine in Parkinson disease.This podcast begins and closes with Dr. Robert Gross, Editor-in-Chief, briefly discussing highlighted articles from the May 9, 2017 issue of Neurology. In the first segment, Dr. Kristen Heinan talks with Dr. Pashtun Shahim about his paper on serum neurofilament light chain as a biomarker for mild traumatic brain injury in contact sports. In the next part of the podcast Dr. Alberto Espay focuses his discussion with Dr. David Standaert on biomarker validation and precision medicine in Parkinson disease. Disclosures can be found at Neurology.org.DISCLOSURES: Dr. Espay serves as Associate Editor for the Journal of Clinical Movement Disorders; serves as an editorial board member of Parkinsonism and Related Disorders and The European Neurological Journal; serves on the scientific advisory board for Solvay Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (now Abbvie), Chelsea Therapeutics International, Ltd., Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd., Impax, Merz Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Pfizer Inc, Solstice Neurosciences, Eli Lilly and Company, ACADIA Pharmaceuticals, Inc. and USWorldMeds; is a consultant for Chelsea Therapeutics International, Ltd., Solvay Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (now Abbvie), ACADIA Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Cynapsus and Lundbeck, Inc; receives royalties for publications of books from Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins and Cambridge University Press; serves on the speakers' bureau of UCB, Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd., American Academy of Neurology and Movement Disorders Society; receives research support from the CleveMed/Great Lake Neurotechnilogies, Michael J. Fox Foundation and the NIH.Dr. Standaert serves on scientific advisory boards for the American Parkinson Disease Association; serves on the DSMB for Shire/Biropharma; received honoraria from the Movement Disorder Society and Georgia Regents University; is Associate Editor for Movement Disorders; receives publishing royalties for Movement Disorders (McGraw-Hill Publishers, 3rd ed.); consulted for Serina Therapeutics, Kirchner Group, Teva Neuroscience, Abbvie, and the U.S. Attorney's Office; receives research support from Abbvie, Acerta Pharmaceuticals, Ceregene, Quintiles, NIH, Alabama Department of Commerce, American Parkinson Disease Association, Michael J. Fox Foundation for Parkinson Research, Bachmann-Strauss Dystonia & Parkinson Foundation, and the Dystonia Medical Research Foundation.All other participants report no disclosures.

Show description/summary:1) Reduction in Time to Treatment in Pre-hospital Telemedicine Evaluation and Thrombolysis2) What's Trending: gut microbiota regulate motor deficits and neuroinflammation in Parkinson diseaseOur podcast has changed to a two-segment format! Enjoy two in-depth interviews each week, starting with one featured article from the Neurology® family of journals followed by an interview on a trending topic or on a notable article from Neurology Today.This podcast begins and closes with Dr. Robert Gross, Editor-in-Chief, briefly discussing highlighted articles from the April 4, 2017 issue of Neurology. In the first segment, Dr. Andy Southerland interviews Dr. Shazam Hussain about his paper on time-to-treatment in pre-hospital telemedicine evaluation and thrombolysis. Then, for our “What's Trending” feature of the week, Dr. Alberto Espay talks with Dr. Sarkis Mazmanian about his paper on how gut microbiota regulate motor deficits and neuroinflammation in Parkinson Disease. Disclosures can be found at Neurology.org.DISCLOSURES: Dr. Southerland serves as Podcast Deputy Editor for Neurology; receives research support from the American Heart Association-American Stroke Association National Clinical Research Program, American Academy of Neurology, American Board of Psychiatry and Neurology, Health Resources Services Administration and the NIH; has a provisional patent application titled: “Method, system and computer readable medium for improving treatment times for rapid evaluation of acute stroke via mobile telemedicine;” and gave legal expert review.Dr. Hussain served on scientific advisory boards for pulsar neurovascular, penumbra, Inc., and Prolong Medical.Dr. Espay serves as Associate Editor for the Journal of Clinical Movement Disorders; serves as an editorial board member of Parkinsonism and Related Disorders and The European Neurological Journal; serves on the scientific advisory board for Solvay Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (now Abbvie), Chelsea Therapeutics International, Ltd., Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd., Impax, Merz Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Pfizer Inc, Solstice Neurosciences, Eli Lilly and Company, ACADIA Pharmaceuticals, Inc. and USWorldMeds; is a consultant for Chelsea Therapeutics International, Ltd., Solvay Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (now Abbvie), ACADIA Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Cynapsus and Lundbeck, Inc; receives royalties for publications of books from Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins and Cambridge University Press; serves on the speakers' bureau of UCB, Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd., American Academy of Neurology and Movement Disorders Society; receives research support from the CleveMed/Great Lake Neurotechnilogies, Michael J. Fox Foundation and the NIH.For full disclosures, please contact Dr. Mazmanian directly at sarkis [at] caltech.edu.

The first interview is with Dr. Jeff Ratliff and Dr. Kailash Bhatia on the topic of dystonia. The second is with Dr. Alberto Espay and Dr. Roger Elble on tremor. These interviews were first released on November 1 and November 8, 2016. In the third week's interview, originally released on November 15, 2016, Dr. Alberto Espay interviews Don Gilbert on tics. In the fourth interview, from November 22, 2016, Dr. Ratliff speaks with Dr. Ruth Walker about chorea. The fifth and final interview, originally released on November 29, 2016, is an interview with Dr. Espay and Dr. Steven Frucht on the topic of myoclonus.

1) Practice advisory: The utility of EEG theta/beta power ration in ADHD diagnosis2) e-Pearl topic: Hemiplegic migraine3) Topic of the month: How to examine and approach movement disordersThis podcast for the Neurology Journal begins and closes with Dr. Robert Gross, Editor-in-Chief, briefly discussing highlighted articles from the print issue of Neurology. In the second segment Dr. Adam Numis interviews Dr. David Gloss about this AAN Practice Advisory paper on the utility of EEG theta and beta power ration in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder diagnosis. Dr. Ilena George is reading our e-Pearl of the week about hemiplegic migraine. In the next part of the podcast Dr. Alberto Espay interviews Dr. Steven Frucht on the topic of “how to approach” myoclonus.DISCLOSURES: Dr. Numis served on the editorial team for the Neurology® Resident and Fellow Section. Dr. Gloss serves on the Level of evidence team for Neurology®; is an Evidence-based medicine consultant for the American Academy of Neurology; receives royalties from the publication of the book Neurology for the Specialty Boards.Dr. George serves on the editorial team for the Neurology® Resident and Fellow Section. Dr. Espay serves as Associate Editor for the Journal of Clinical Movement Disorders; serves as an editorial board member of Parkinsonism and Related Disorders and The European Neurological Journal; serves on the scientific advisory board for Solvay Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (now Abbvie), Chelsea Therapeutics International, Ltd., Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd., Impax, Merz Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Pfizer Inc, Solstice Neurosciences, Eli Lilly and Company, ACADIA Pharmaceuticals, Inc. and USWorldMeds; is a consultant for Chelsea Therapeutics International, Ltd., Solvay Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (now Abbvie), ACADIA Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Cynapsus and Lundbeck, Inc; receives royalties for publications of books from Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins and Cambridge University Press; serves on the speakers' bureau of UCB, Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd., American Academy of Neurology and Movement Disorders Society; receives research support from the CleveMed/Great Lake Neurotechnilogies, Michael J. Fox Foundation and the NIH.Dr. Frucht serves as Editor-in-Chief for the Journal of Clinical Movement Disorders; is a consultant for UCB; received speaker honoraria from Merz Pharmaceuticals, LLC and Impax; receives royalties from the publication of the book Movement Disorders Emergencies; and is employed by the American Academy of Neurology Movement Disorders Society.

1) Efficacy and safety of deflazacort versus prednisone and placebo for Duchenne muscular dystrophy2) e-Pearl topic: Alien limb phenomenon3) Topic of the month: How to examine and approach movement disordersThis podcast for the Neurology Journal begins and closes with Dr. Robert Gross, Editor-in-Chief, briefly discussing highlighted articles from the print issue of Neurology. In the second segment Dr. Kelly Gwathmey interviews Dr. Robert Griggs about his the efficacy and safety of deflazacort versus prednisone for boys with Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Dr. Ilena George is reading our e-Pearl of the week about alien limb phenomenon. In the next part of the podcast Dr. Alberto Espay interviews Dr. Don Gilbert on the topic of tics.DISCLOSURES: Dr. Griggs serves as Correspondence Editor for Neurology®; serves as an editorial board member of NeuroTherapeutics and Current Treatment Opinions in Neurology; serves on the scientific advisory board for SAB for National Hospital Queen Square, Marathon Pharmaceuticals, PTC Therapeutics, Inc., DSMB, Taro Pharm and Sarepta Pharmaceuticals; is a consultant for Marathon, PTC Therapeutics, Sarepta, Taro Pharm and Idera Pharmaceuticals;receives royalties for data of previous studies from Taro Pharm and Marathon Pharmaceuticals; receives royalties from the publication of the books: Andreoli and Carpenter's Cecil Essentials of Medicine, Eighth Edition, Cecil Textbook of Medicine, multiple editions and Evaluation and Treatment of Myopathies; receives research support from Taro Pharma, Marathon Pharmaceuticals, Parent Project Muscular Dystrophy, Inc., Muscular Dystrophy Association, Novel Molecular Mechanisms of Neuromuscular Disease: Implications for Therapy and the NIH.Dr. George serves on the editorial team for the Neurology® Resident and Fellow Section. Dr. Espay serves as Associate Editor for the Journal of Clinical Movement Disorders; serves as an editorial board member of Parkinsonism and Related Disorders and The European Neurological Journal; serves on the scientific advisory board for Solvay Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (now Abbvie), Chelsea Therapeutics International, Ltd., Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd., Impax, Merz Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Pfizer Inc, Solstice Neurosciences, Eli Lilly and Company, ACADIA Pharmaceuticals, Inc. and USWorldMeds; is a consultant for Chelsea Therapeutics International, Ltd., Solvay Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (now Abbvie), ACADIA Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Cynapsus and Lundbeck, Inc; receives royalties for publications of books from Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins and Cambridge University Press; serves on the speakers' bureau of UCB, Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd., American Academy of Neurology and Movement Disorders Society; receives research support from the CleveMed/Great Lake Neurotechnilogies, Michael J. Fox Foundation and the NIH.Dr. Gilbert serves on the scientific advisory boards of Investigations of Neuroplasticity Mechanisms in Autism Spectrum Disorders, the Berenson-Allen Center for Noninvasive Brain Stimulation, and Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center; received honoraria from the Tourette Association of America, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and the Hong Kong Society of Child Neurology and Developmental Pediatrics; received funding for travel for educational talks to physicians and affected patients and families;receives royalties from the publication of the book Movement Disorders in Childhood, 2nd edition; receives research support from Ecopipam Pharmaceuticals, Neurocrine Pharmaceuticals, EryDel Pharmaceuticals, and NIH; and has provided expert testimony for the Health Resources and Services Administration, Department of Health and Human Services regarding Division of Vaccine Injury Compensation Programs.

1) Progression of brain atrophy in PSP and CBS over six months and one year2) What's Trending: Interview with Mike Amery about Medicare Sustainable Growth Rate repeal and the Medicare Access and CHIP Reauthorization Act 3) Topic of the month: How to examine and approach movement disordersThis podcast for the Neurology Journal begins and closes with Dr. Robert Gross, Editor-in-Chief, briefly discussing highlighted articles from the print issue of Neurology. In the second segment Dr. John Morgan interviews Dr. Adam Boxer about his paper about on progression of brain atrophy in progressive supranuclear palsy and corticobasal syndrome. Dr. Ted Burns is interviewing Mike Amery for our “What's Trending” feature of the week about Medicare Sustainable Growth Rate repeal and the Medicare Access and CHIP Reauthorization Act. In the next part of the podcast Dr. Alberto Espay interviews Dr. Rodger Elble on the topic of “how to approach” tremor disorders.DISCLOSURES: Dr. Morgan is a consultant for Impax, Lundbeck Inc., National Parkinson Foundation, Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd., and Veloxis; serves on the speakers' bureau of Impax and Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd.; received compensation for review of medical records and expert witness testimony in multiple cases of litigation involving neurologic co; receives research support from National Parkinson Foundation, Parkinson's Outcome Project Grant and the NIH.Dr. Boxer serves on the scientific advisory board for Alector, Asceneuron and Delos; received funding for travel from the International Society for CNS Clinical Trials Methodology, the Movement Disorders Society, the Association for Frontotemporal Degeneration, Fidelity Biosciences Research Institute and the Tau Consortium; is a consultant for Abbvie, Ionis, Janssen and Merck Serono; holds stock options in Alector and Delos; receives research support from Avid, Biogen Idec, BMS, C2N, Cortice, Forum, Genentech, Inc., Janssen, Pfizer Inc, Eli Lilly and Company, Roche, TauRx, The Tau Research Consortium, the Bluefield Project, Corticobasal Degeneration Solutions, the Alzheimer's Association and the NIH.Dr. Ted Burns serves as Podcast Editor for Neurology®; and has received research support for consulting activities with UCB, CSL Behring, Walgreens and Alexion Pharmaceuticals, Inc.Dr. Amery is employed as Legislative Counsel for the American Academy of Neurology.Dr. Espay serves as Associate Editor for the Journal of Clinical Movement Disorders; serves as an editorial board member of Parkinsonism and Related Disorders and The European Neurological Journal; serves on the scientific advisory board for Solvay Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (now Abbvie), Chelsea Therapeutics International, Ltd., Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd., Impax, Merz Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Pfizer Inc, Solstice Neurosciences, Eli Lilly and Company, ACADIA Pharmaceuticals, Inc. and USWorldMeds; is a consultant for Chelsea Therapeutics International, Ltd., Solvay Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (now Abbvie), ACADIA Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Cynapsus and Lundbeck, Inc; receives royalties for publications of books from Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins and Cambridge University Press; serves on the speakers' bureau of UCB, Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd., American Academy of Neurology and Movement Disorders Society; receives research support from the CleveMed/Great Lake Neurotechnilogies, Michael J. Fox Foundation and the NIH.Dr. Elble receives research support from GlaxoSmithKline, Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd., Phytopharm, Pfizer Inc, Ortho-McNeil, Spastic Paralysis Research Foundation of Kiwanis International, Illinois-Eastern Iowa District and the NIH.

1) Zika virus-associated Guillain-Barre Syndrome Variant in Haiti2 e-Pearl topic: Juvenile Huntington Disease3) Topic of the month: Clinical Trials Plenary Session at the AAN meeting about 5-HT6 antagonist as adjunctive therapy to cholinesterase inhibitors in patients with mild-to-moderate Alzheimer diseaseThis podcast for the Neurology Journal begins and closes with Dr. Robert Gross, Editor-in-Chief, briefly discussing highlighted articles from the print issue of Neurology. In the second segment Dr. Stephen Donahue interviews Dr. Aaron Berkowitz about his paper on Zika virus-associated Guillain-Barre syndrome variant in Haiti. Dr. Ilena George is reading our e-Pearl of the week about juvenile Huntington disease. Dr. Alberto Espay interviews Dr. Alireza Atri about his Clinical Trials Plenary Session at the AAN meeting about 5-HT6 antagonist as adjunctive therapy to cholinesterase inhibitors in patients with mild-to-moderate Alzheimer disease.DISCLOSURES: Dr. Berkowitz receives royalties from the publication of the book: Clinical Pathophysiology Made Ridiculously Simple and the book: The Improvising Mind; received funding for travel from Stevens Institute of Technology; received speaker honorarium from Audio Digest; and received honorarium for recorded CME lecture.Dr. George serves on the editorial team for the Neurology® Resident and Fellow Section.Dr. Espay serves as Associate Editor for the Journal of Clinical Movement Disorders; serves as an editorial board member of Parkinsonism and Related Disorders and The European Neurological Journal; serves on the scientific advisory board for Solvay Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (now Abbvie), Chelsea Therapeutics International, Ltd., Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd., Impax, Merz Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Pfizer Inc, Solstice Neurosciences, Eli Lilly and Company, ACADIA Pharmaceuticals, Inc. and USWorldMeds; is a consultant for Chelsea Therapeutics International, Ltd., Solvay Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (now Abbvie), ACADIA Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Cynapsus and Lundbeck, Inc; receives royalties for publications of books from Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins and Cambridge University Press; serves on the speakers' bureau of UCB, Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd., American Academy of Neurology and Movement Disorders Society; receives research support from the CleveMed/Great Lake Neurotechnilogies, Michael J. Fox Foundation and the NIH.

1) Neurology® Clinical Practice: Alice in Wonderland syndrome: a systematic review2) What's Trending: Interview with Clinton Wright about his paper on leisure time physical activity and how it is associated with cognitive decline3) Topic of the month: Frontiers in Neuroscience Plenary Session at the AAN meeting about the implications for neurology and psychiatry in the treatment of cerebellar cognitive affective syndromeThis podcast for the Neurology Journal begins and closes with Dr. Robert Gross, Editor-in-Chief, briefly discussing highlighted articles from the print issue of Neurology. In the second segment Dr. David Lapides interviews Dr. Jan Dirk Blom about his Neurology: Clinical Practice paper on the Alice in Wonderland syndrome. Dr. Ted Burns is interviewing Dr. Clinton Wright for our “What's Trending” feature of the week about his paper on leisure time physical activity and how it is associated with cognitive decline. Dr. Alberto Espay interviews Dr. Jeremy Schmahmann about his Frontiers in Neuroscience Plenary Session at the AAN meeting about the implications for neurology and psychiatry in the treatment of cerebellar cognitive affective syndrome.DISCLOSURES: Dr. Blom receives royalties from the publication of the book Hallucinations, Research and Practice and the book A Dictionary of Hallucinations.Dr. Ted Burns serves as Podcast Editor for Neurology®; and has received research support for consulting activities with UCB, CSL Behring, Walgreens and Alexion Pharmaceuticals, Inc.Dr. Wright receives royalties from UpToDate website for two chapters on vascular dementia; receives research support from American Stroke Association-Bugher Foundation Centers of Excellence project and the NIH.Dr. Espay serves as Associate Editor for the Journal of Clinical Movement Disorders; serves as aneditorial board member of Parkinsonism and Related Disorders and The European Neurological Journal; serves on the scientific advisory board for Solvay Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (now Abbvie), Chelsea Therapeutics International, Ltd., Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd., Impax, Merz Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Pfizer Inc, Solstice Neurosciences, Eli Lilly and Company, ACADIA Pharmaceuticals, Inc. and USWorldMeds; is a consultant for Chelsea Therapeutics International, Ltd., Solvay Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (now Abbvie), ACADIA Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Cynapsus and Lundbeck, Inc; receives royalties for publications of books from Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins and Cambridge University Press; serves on the speakers' bureau of UCB, Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd., American Academy of Neurology and Movement Disorders Society; receives research support from the CleveMed/Great Lake Neurotechnologies, Michael J. Fox Foundation and the NIH.Dr. Schmahmann serves as an editorial board member of The Cerebellum and its sister journal, Cerebellum and Ataxias; serves on the scientific advisory board for Ataxion, Inc. and Atlas Ventures; Receives royalties from the publications of the books: The Cerebellum and Cognition: International Review of Neurobiology, MRI Atlas of the Human Cerebellum, Pathways of the Brain, Cerebellar Disorders in Children: Clinics in Development Medicine, and Handbook of the Cerebellum and Cerebellar Disorders; is a consultant for Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited; holds stock option in Ataxion, Inc. and Atlas Ventures; receives research support from Birmingham Foundation, MINDlink Foundation, Sidney R. Baer Jr., Foundation, National Ataxia Foundation, Ataxia Telangiectasia Children's Project and the NIH.NO CME WILL BE OFFERED THIS WEEK.

1) Low-cost, tablet-based option for prehospital neurologic assessment: the iTREAT Study2) What's Trending: Interview with Dafne Horovitz about her paper on cranial bone collapse in microcephalic infants prenatally exposed to Zika virus infection3) Topic of the month: Controversies in Neurology Plenary Session at the AAN meeting about the pro and con effects of cognitive enhancing activities and their effects on preventing dementiaThis podcast for the Neurology Journal begins and closes with Dr. Robert Gross, Editor-in-Chief, briefly discussing highlighted articles from the print issue of Neurology. In the second segment Dr. Kevin Barrett interviews Dr. Andy Southerland about his paper on a low-cost, tablet-based option for prehospital neurologic assessment. Dr. Ted Burns is interviewing Dr. Dafne Horovitz for our “What's Trending” feature of the week about her paper on cranial bone collapse in microcephalic infants prenatally exposed to Zika virus infection. Dr. Alberto Espay interviews Drs. Dave Knopman and Kaycee Sink about their Controversies in Neurology Plenary Session at the AAN meeting about the pro and con effects of cognitive enhancing activities and their effects on preventing dementia.DISCLOSURES: Dr. Barrett serves as Associate Editor for Neurohospitalist; serves as an editorial board member for Neurology®; receives royalties from the publications of the books Stroke and Neurology in Practice [Edited book]; and receives research support from the NIH.Dr. Southerland serves as Podcast Deputy Editor for Neurology®; receives research support from the American Heart Association-American Stroke Association National Clinical Research Program, American Academy of Neurology, American Board of Psychiatry and Neurology, Health Resources Services Administration and the NIH; has a provisional patent application titled: “Method, system and computer readable medium for improving treatment times for rapid evaluation of acute stroke via mobile telemedicine;” and gave legal expert review.Dr. Ted Burns serves as Podcast Editor for Neurology®; and has received research support for consulting activities with UCB, CSL Behring, Walgreens and Alexion Pharmaceuticals, Inc.Dr. Horovitz serves as Associate Editor for Journal of Community Genetics; received speaker honoraria from Biomarin Pharmaceutical, Genzyme-Sanofi, Shire Pharmaceuticals, Inc. and Alexion Pharmaceuticals, Inc.; received funding for travel to medical meeting from Genzyme-Sanofi and Shire Pharmaceuticals, Inc.Dr. Espay serves as Associate Editor for the Journal of Clinical Movement Disorders; serves as an editorial board member of Parkinsonism and Related Disorders and The European Neurological Journal; serves on the scientific advisory board for Solvay Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (now Abbvie), Chelsea Therapeutics International, Ltd., Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd., Impax, Merz Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Pfizer Inc, Solstice Neurosciences, Eli Lilly and Company, ACADIA Pharmaceuticals, Inc. and USWorldMeds; is a consultant for Chelsea Therapeutics International, Ltd., Solvay Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (now Abbvie), ACADIA Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Cynapsus and Lundbeck, Inc; receives royalties for publications of books from Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins and Cambridge University Press; serves on the speakers' bureau of UCB, Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd., American Academy of Neurology and Movement Disorders Society; receives research support from the CleveMed/Great Lake Neurotechnilogies, Michael J. Fox Foundation and the NIH.Dr. Knopman serves on the scientific advisory board for Consultant Bluefield project, Lundbeck Pharmaceuticals Inc., DIAN study DSMB; served as Associate Editor for Neurology® until October 2015; receives research support from the NIH, Mayo Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Mayo Alzheimer Disease Patient Registry, ARIC Dementia Study and Chronic Kidney Disease and Cognitive functioning; received funding for travel to two lectures Alzheimer Conference, Seoul Korea and Behavioral Neurology Conference, Hyderabad, India.Dr. Sink served on the data safety monitoring board for two NIH funded clinical trials; initiated grants from the Alzheimer's Association and the Donald W. Reynolds Foundation as an investigator; received research support from the NIH.

1) Quality improvement in neurology: Parkinson disease update quality measurement set2) What's Trending: Amyloid pathology and axonal injury after brain trauma 3) Topic of the month: George C. Cotzias Lecture at the AAN Meeting on antibody mediated disorders of the synapseThis podcast for the Neurology Journal begins and closes with Dr. Robert Gross, Editor-in-Chief, briefly discussing highlighted articles from the print issue of Neurology. In the second segment Dr. Binit Shah interviews Drs. Janis Miyasaki and Stewart Factor about the AAN paper on new quality measures developed to improve outcomes for patients with Parkinson disease. Dr. Ted Burns is interviewing Dr. Ansgar Furst for our “What's Trending” feature of the week about his editorial on incidental findings for what's to come in amyloid plaques in traumatic brain injury. Dr. Alberto Espay interviews Dr. Josep Dalmau about his George C. Cotzias Lecture at the AAN Meeting on the topic of antibody mediated disorders of the synapse.DISCLOSURES: Dr. Miyasaki received honoraria and funding for travel from Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd.; received funding for travel from Merz Pharmaceuticals, LLC; received travel honoraria from The International Parkinson Disease and Movement Disorders Society; is a consultant for Merz Pharmaceuticals, LLC; receives royalties from the publication of the book “Psychogenic Movement Disorders;” receives research support from PCORI: 2015-2018 and Parkinson Alberta.Dr. Factor served as an editorial board member of Neurotherapeutics; serves on the data safety monitoring board for Lundbeck, Inc; is a consultant for UCB; is a consultant and video reviewer for clinical trials for Avanir, Neurocrine and Auspex/Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd.; receives royalties from the publications of the books “Parkinson's disease diagnosis and clinical management” and “Drug induced movement disorders;” gave expert testimony in Kmart trial (2014-2016); receives research support from Ceregene, Cynapsus, Sangamo, Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd., Ipsen Pharmaceuticals, Inc., USWorldMeds, Allergen, Inc., Medtronics, Inc., Auspex, Genzyme Corporation, Michael J. Fox Foundation and the NIH.Dr. Ted Burns serves as Podcast Editor for Neurology®; and has received research support for consulting activities with UCB, CSL Behring, Walgreens and Alexion Pharmaceuticals, Inc.Dr. Espay serves as Associate Editor for the Journal of Clinical Movement Disorders; serves as an editorial board member of Parkinsonism and Related Disorders and The European Neurological Journal; serves on the scientific advisory board for Solvay Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (now Abbvie), Chelsea Therapeutics International, Ltd., Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd., Impax, Merz Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Pfizer Inc, Solstice Neurosciences, Eli Lilly and Company, ACADIA Pharmaceuticals, Inc. and USWorldMeds; is a consultant for Chelsea Therapeutics International, Ltd., Solvay Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (now Abbvie), ACADIA Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Cynapsus and Lundbeck, Inc; receives royalties for publications of books from Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins and Cambridge University Press; serves on the speakers' bureau of UCB, Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd., American Academy of Neurology and Movement Disorders Society; receives research support from the CleveMed/Great Lake Neurotechnilogies, Michael J. Fox Foundation and the NIH.Dr. Dalmau serves as Editor of Neurology®: Neuroimmunology & Neuroinfammation; serves as an Editorial board member of Neurology® and UpToDate; receives royalties from patents for the use of Ma2 and NMDAR as autoantibody tests; is a consult for Advance Medical, receives research support from Euroimmun and the NIH; receives revenue from Euroimmun for the following tests: NMDA receptor autoantibody test, GABA(B)R autoantibody test, GABA(A)R autoantibody test, DPPX autoantibody test and Iglon5 autoantibody test.

1) Migraine and risk of stroke in older adults and 2) Topic of the month: Plenary sessions AAN Meeting April 2015. This podcast for the Neurology Journal begins and closes with Dr. Robert Gross, Editor-in-Chief, briefly discussing highlighted articles from the print issue of Neurology. In the second segment Dr. Andy Southerland interviews Dr. Teshamae Monteith about her paper on migraine and risk of stroke in older adults. Dr. Adam Numis is reading our e-Pearl of the week about neurosyphilis. In the next part of the podcast Dr. Alberto Espay interviews Dr. Keith Josephs about his Frontiers in Neuroscience Lecture at the AAN Meeting about the topic of antemortem signatures of neurodegenerative proteinopathies. The participants had nothing to disclose except Drs. Southerland, Monteith, Numis, Espay and Josephs.Dr. Southerland serves as Podcast Deputy Editor for Neurology®; serves as Clinical Research Advisor for Totier Technologies, Inc.Dr. Monteith serves as an editorial advisory board member for Neurology Now; and receives research support from the NIH.Dr. Numis serves on the editorial team for the Neurology® Resident and Fellow Section. Dr. Espay serves as an Associate Editor of Movement Disorders, Frontiers in Movement Disorders and Journal of Clinical Movement Disorders; serves as an editorial board member of Parkinsonism and Related Disorders and The European Neurological Journal; receives royalties for publications of books from Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins and from Cambridge University Press; serves on the scientific advisory board for Solvay Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (now Abbvie), Chelsea Therapeutics, Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd., Impax Pharmaceuticals, Merz, Pfizer Inc, Solstice Neurosciences, LLC, Eli Lilly and Company, US WorldMeds; is a consultant for Chelsea Therapeutics, Solvay Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (now Abbvie); serves on the speakers' bureaus of UCB, Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd., American Academy of Neurology, Movement Disorders Society; receives research support from CleveMed/Great Lakes Neurotechnologies, Michael J. Fox Foundation and the NIH.

1) Opioids for chronic non-cancer pain and 2) Topic of the month: Plenary sessions AAN Meeting April 2015. This podcast for the Neurology Journal begins and closes with Dr. Robert Gross, Editor-in-Chief, briefly discussing highlighted articles from the print issue of Neurology. In the second segment Dr. Ted Burns interviews Drs. Stephen Nadeau and Gary Franklin about their papers on opioids for chronic non-cancer pain and the policy behind prescribing them. Dr. Adam Numis is reading our e-Pearl of the week about vaccinations and seizures. In the next part of the podcast Dr. Alberto Espay interviews Dr. Virginia Lee about her Frontiers in Neuroscience Lecture at the AAN Meeting about the topic of transmission of alpha-Synuclein in Parkinson disease: Pathogenesis and implications for therapy. The participants had nothing to disclose except Drs. Burns, Nadeau, Franklin, Numis, Espay and Lee.Dr. Ted Burns serves as Podcast Editor for Neurology®; and has received research support for consulting activities with CSL Behring and Alexion Pharmaceuticals, Inc.Dr. Nadeau served on the DSMB for the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke and National Institute of Child Health and Human Development funded Interdisciplinary Comprehensive Arm Rehab Evaluation, DSMB ; served as an Associate Editor of the Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society; received honoraria and funding for travel for an International Neuropsychological Society meeting; received funding for travel for an American Neuropsychiatric Association meeting; receives royalties from the publication of the book The Neural Architecture of Grammar ; and receives research support from a VA Rehabilitation R&D Grant and University of Florida McKnight Brain Institute Brain and Spinal Cord Injury Research Trust Fund Grant.Dr. Franklin serves as an editorial board member of Neurology® Levels of Evidence Team and Neuroepidemiology; is a consultant for the California State Compensation Insurance Fund and receives research support from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).Dr. Numis serves on the editorial team for the Neurology® Resident and Fellow Section. Dr. Espay serves as an Associate Editor of Movement Disorders, Frontiers in Movement Disorders and Journal of Clinical Movement Disorders; serves as an editorial board member of Parkinsonism and Related Disorders and The European Neurological Journal; receives royalties for publications of books from Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins and from Cambridge University Press; serves on the scientific advisory board for Solvay Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (now Abbvie), Chelsea Therapeutics, Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd., Impax Pharmaceuticals, Merz, Pfizer Inc, Solstice Neurosciences, LLC, Eli Lilly and Company, US WorldMeds; is a consultant for Chelsea Therapeutics, Solvay Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (now Abbvie); serves on the speakers' bureaus of UCB, Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd., American Academy of Neurology, Movement Disorders Society; receives research support from CleveMed/Great Lakes Neurotechnologies, Michael J. Fox Foundation and the NIH.Dr. Lee serves as an editorial board member of Laboratory Investigation, Neurorehabilitation and Neural Repair, NeuroSignals, Neuron, Experimental Neurology, Science Magazine; receives research support from Ware Benaroya and the NIH; receives revenue for the following patent: "Compositions and Methods for Producing and Using Homogeneous Neuronal Cell Transplants" Penn G1120, Patent # 5,792,900.

1) CIDP diagnostic pit-falls and perception of treatment benefits and 2) Topic of the month: Plenary sessions AAN Meeting April 2015. This podcast for the Neurology Journal begins and closes with Dr. Robert Gross, Editor-in-Chief, briefly discussing highlighted articles from the print issue of Neurology. In the second segment Dr. Michelle Mauermann interviews Dr. Jeffrey Allen about his paper on chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy diagnostic pit-falls and perception of treatment benefits. Dr. Adam Numis is reading our e-Pearl of the week about exam findings in hemifacial spasms. In the next part of the podcast Dr. Alberto Espay interviews Dr. Howard Weiner about his Frontiers in Neuroscience Lecture at the AAN Meeting about the topic of immune mechanisms in neurologic diseases. The participants had nothing to disclose except Drs. Mauermann, Allen, Numis, Espay and Weiner.Dr. Mauermann receives research support from ISIS Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Alnylam Pharmaceuticals, Inc. and the NIH.Dr. Allen is a consultant for AxelaCare and CSL Behring.Dr. Numis serves on the editorial team for the Neurology® Resident and Fellow Section. Dr. Espay serves as an Associate Editor of Movement Disorders, Frontiers in Movement Disorders and Journal of Clinical Movement Disorders; serves as an editorial board member of Parkinsonism and Related Disorders and The European Neurological Journal; receives royalties for publications of books from Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins and from Cambridge University Press; serves on the scientific advisory board for Solvay Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (now Abbvie), Chelsea Therapeutics, Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd., Impax Pharmaceuticals, Merz, Pfizer Inc, Solstice Neurosciences, LLC, Eli Lilly and Company, US WorldMeds; is a consultant for Chelsea Therapeutics, Solvay Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (now Abbvie); serves on the speakers' bureaus of UCB, Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd., American Academy of Neurology, Movement Disorders Society; receives research support from CleveMed/Great Lakes Neurotechnologies, Michael J. Fox Foundation and the NIH.Dr. Weiner is a consultant for Biogen Idec, Novartis, Merck Serono, Sanofi-aventis, Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd. and Therapix Biosciences Ltd.; served on the advisory board for The Guthy Jackson Charitable Foundation, Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd., Biogen Idec, Novartis, Sanofi-aventis; receives research support from EMD, Merck Serono, National Multiple Sclerosis Society, and the NIH.

1) Aerobic training and post-exercise protein in facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy and 2) Topic of the month: Plenary sessions AAN Meeting April 2015. This podcast for the Neurology Journal begins and closes with Dr. Robert Gross, Editor-in-Chief, briefly discussing highlighted articles from the print issue of Neurology. In the second segment Dr. Erik Ensrud interviews Dr. Grete Andersen about her paper on aerobic training and post-exercise protein in facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy. Dr. Adam Numis is reading our e-Pearl of the week about non-invasive imaging of arterial dissection with MRI. In the next part of the podcast Dr. Alberto Espay interviews Dr. Stefan Pulst about his George C. Cotzias Lecture at the AAN Meeting about the topic of degenerative ataxias: From genes to therapies. The participants had nothing to disclose except Drs. Ensrud, Numis, Espay and Pulst.Dr. Ensrud serves on the data safety monitoring board for phase II trial of methotrexate in myastenia gravis; is a consultant for Skulpt/Convergence Medical Devices and FDA; received honoraria and funding for travel from Osler Institute; received funding for travel from American Association of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation; and received honoraria from American Association of Neuromuscular and Electrodiagnostic Medicine.Dr. Numis serves on the editorial team for the Neurology® Resident and Fellow Section. Dr. Espay serves as an Associate Editor of Movement Disorders, Frontiers in Movement Disorders and Journal of Clinical Movement Disorders; serves as an editorial board member of Parkinsonism and Related Disorders and The European Neurological Journal; receives royalties for publications of books from Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins and from Cambridge University Press; serves on the scientific advisory board for Solvay Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (now Abbvie), Chelsea Therapeutics, Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd., Impax Pharmaceuticals, Merz, Pfizer Inc, Solstice Neurosciences, LLC, Eli Lilly and Company, US WorldMeds; is a consultant for Chelsea Therapeutics, Solvay Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (now Abbvie); serves on the speakers' bureaus of UCB, Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd., American Academy of Neurology, Movement Disorders Society; receives research support from CleveMed/Great Lakes Neurotechnologies, Michael J. Fox Foundation and the NIH.Dr. Pulst serves as Editor-in-Chief of Current Genomics; serves as Editor of Neurology® Genetics; serves as an editorial board member of Journal of Cerebellum, NeuroMolecular Medicine, Continuum, Experimental Neurology, Neurogenetics, and Nature Clinical Practice Neurology; is author on patents re: Nucleic acids encoding ataxin-2 binding proteins; Nucleic acid encoding Schwannomin-binding-proteins and products related thereto; Transgenic mouse expressing a polynucleotide encoding a human ataxin-2 polypeptide; Methods of detecting spinocerebellar ataxia-2 nucleic acids; Nucleic acid encoding spinocerebellar ataxia-2 and products related thereto; Schwannomin-binding-proteins; and Compositions and methods for spinocerebellar ataxia; receives royalties from the publications of the books The Ataxias, Genetics in Neurology, Genetics of Movement Disorders, Neurogenetics, and Molecular Genetic Testing in Neurology, 2nd–5th ed.; serves on the speakers' bureau for Athena Diagnostics; receives research support from the NIH and the National Ataxia Foundation; receives license fee payments from Cedars-Sinai Medical Center; and has provided expert testimony in a medico-legal case.

1) Evaluation, diagnosis and management of facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy and 2) Topic of the month: Plenary sessions AAN Meeting April 2015. This podcast for the Neurology Journal begins and closes with Dr. Robert Gross, Editor-in-Chief, briefly discussing highlighted articles from the print issue of Neurology. In the second segment Dr. Ted Burns interviews Dr. Rabi Tawil about his paper on the evaluation, diagnosis and management of facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy. Dr. Sarah Wesley is reading our e-Pearl of the week about vertical nystagmus. In the next part of the podcast Dr. Alberto Espay interviews Dr. Helen Mayberg about her Robert Wartenberg Lecture at the AAN Meeting on the topic of what deep brain stimulation has taught us about the neurology of depression. The participants had nothing to disclose except Drs. Burns, Tawil, Wesley and Espay.Dr. Ted Burns serves as Podcast Editor for Neurology®; and has received research support for consulting activities with CSL Behring and Alexion Pharmaceuticals, Inc.Dr. Tawil serves as an editorial board member of Journal of Neuromuscular Diseases; serves on the safety monitoring board of Novartis; receives royalties from the publication of the books Neuromuscular Disorders (Rabi N. Tawil & Shannon Venance, Editors) and Neurology in Practice Series; receives research support from the NIH and Spinal Muscular Atrophy Foundation.Dr. Wesley serves on the editorial team for the Neurology® Resident and Fellow Section. Dr. Espay serves as an Associate Editor of Movement Disorders, Frontiers in Movement Disorders and Journal of Clinical Movement Disorders; serves as an editorial board member of Parkinsonism and Related Disorders and The European Neurological Journal; receives royalties for publications of books from Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins and from Cambridge University Press; serves on the scientific advisory board for Solvay Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (now Abbvie), Chelsea Therapeutics, Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd., Impax Pharmaceuticals, Merz, Pfizer Inc, Solstice Neurosciences, LLC, Eli Lilly and Company, US WorldMeds; is a consultant for Chelsea Therapeutics, Solvay Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (now Abbvie); serves on the speakers' bureaus of UCB, Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd., American Academy of Neurology, Movement Disorders Society; receives research support from CleveMed/Great Lakes Neurotechnologies, Michael J. Fox Foundation and the NIH.

1) Paraneoplastic neurologic disorders in small cell lung carcinoma and 2) Topic of the month: Plenary sessions AAN Meeting April 2015. This podcast for the Neurology Journal begins and closes with Dr. Robert Gross, Editor-in-Chief, briefly discussing highlighted articles from the print issue of Neurology. In the second segment Dr. Elliot Dimberg interviews Dr. Paul Gozzard about his paper on paraneoplastic neurologic disorders in small cell lung carcinoma. Dr. Sarah Wesley is reading our e-Pearl of the week about Balint Syndrome. In the next part of the podcast Dr. Alberto Espay interviews Dr. Lloyd Kasper about his Hot Topic Lecture at the AAN Meeting on the topic of digesting the gut microbiome: role in CNS demyelinating disease. The participants had nothing to disclose except Drs. Dimberg, Wesley and Espay.Dr. Dimberg serves as an editorial board member of Nerve and Muscle Junction Podcast.Dr. Wesley serves on the editorial team for the Neurology® Resident and Fellow Section. Dr. Espay serves as an Associate Editor of Movement Disorders, Frontiers in Movement Disorders and Journal of Clinical Movement Disorders; serves as an editorial board member of Parkinsonism and Related Disorders and The European Neurological Journal; receives royalties for publications of books from Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins and from Cambridge University Press; serves on the scientific advisory board for Solvay Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (now Abbvie), Chelsea Therapeutics, Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd., Impax Pharmaceuticals, Merz, Pfizer Inc, Solstice Neurosciences, LLC, Eli Lilly and Company, US WorldMeds; is a consultant for Chelsea Therapeutics, Solvay Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (now Abbvie); serves on the speakers' bureaus of UCB, Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd., American Academy of Neurology, Movement Disorders Society; receives research support from CleveMed/Great Lakes Neurotechnologies, Michael J. Fox Foundation and the NIH.

1) Early EEG contributing to multimodal outcome prediction of postanoxic coma and 2) Topic of the month: Plenary sessions AAN Meeting April 2015. This podcast for the Neurology Journal begins and closes with Dr. Robert Gross, Editor-in-Chief, briefly discussing highlighted articles from the print issue of Neurology. In the second segment Dr. Andy Schomer interviews Dr. Jeannette Hofmeijer about her paper on early EEG contributing to multimodal outcome prediction of postanoxic coma. Dr. Sarah Wesley is reading our e-Pearl of the week about Susac syndrome. In the next part of the podcast Dr. Alberto Espay interviews Dr. Daniel Lowenstein about his H. Houston Merritt Lecture at the AAN Meeting on the topic of advances in the treatments for epilepsy. The participants had nothing to disclose except Drs. Wesley, Espay and Lowenstein.Dr. Wesley serves on the editorial team for the Neurology® Resident and Fellow Section. Dr. Espay serves as an Associate Editor of Movement Disorders, Frontiers in Movement Disorders and Journal of Clinical Movement Disorders; serves as an editorial board member of Parkinsonism and Related Disorders and The European Neurological Journal; receives royalties for publications of books from Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins and from Cambridge University Press; serves on the scientific advisory board for Solvay Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (now Abbvie), Chelsea Therapeutics, Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd., Impax Pharmaceuticals, Merz, Pfizer Inc, Solstice Neurosciences, LLC, Eli Lilly and Company, US WorldMeds; is a consultant for Chelsea Therapeutics, Solvay Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (now Abbvie); serves on the speakers' bureaus of UCB, Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd., American Academy of Neurology, Movement Disorders Society; receives research support from CleveMed/Great Lakes Neurotechnologies, Michael J. Fox Foundation and the NIH.Dr. Lowenstein receives research support from the NIH.

1) Switching from natalizumab to fingolimod in patients with remitting-relapsing multiple sclerosis and 2) Topic of the month: Plenary sessions AAN Meeting April 2015. This podcast for the Neurology Journal begins and closes with Dr. Robert Gross, Editor-in-Chief, briefly discussing highlighted articles from the print issue of Neurology. In the second segment Dr. Mark Keegan interviews Dr. Ludwig Kappos about his paper on switching from natalizumab to fingolimod in patients with remitting-relapsing multiple sclerosis. Dr. Sarah Wesley is reading our e-Pearl of the week about dopamine-responsive dystonia. In the next part of the podcast Dr. Alberto Espay interviews Dr. Timothy Pedley about his Presidential Lecture at the AAN Meeting about the topics of neurologists' burnout, cost and quality of healthcare, value of neurology to congress and payers along with maintenance of certification. The participants had nothing to disclose except Drs. Keegan, Kappos, Wesley, Espay and Pedley.Dr. Keegan serves as Chief Editor of eMedicine; serves as an editorial board member of Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders; is a consultant for Novartis, Bristol-Meyers Squibb, Bionest Partners and receives research support from Terumo BCT and Caridian BCT.Dr. Kappos serves as an editorial board member of Multiple Sclerosis Journal, Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders and Journal of Neurology; receives research support from Actelion Pharmaceuticals Ltd, Addex, Bayer Schering Pharma, Biogen Idec, Biotica, CSL Behring, Genzyme Corporation, Eli Lilly and Company, Merck Serono, Mitsubishi, Novartis, Ono Pharma, Pfizer Inc, Receptos, Roche, Sanofi-aventis, Santhera, Siemens, Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd., UCB, Xenoport, Swiss National Research Foundation and the European Union and The Swiss MS Society; honoraria and other payments for all these activities have been exclusively used for funding of research of his department.Dr. Wesley serves on the editorial team for the Neurology® Resident and Fellow Section. Dr. Espay serves as an Associate Editor of Movement Disorders, Frontiers in Movement Disorders and Journal of Clinical Movement Disorders; serves as an editorial board member of Parkinsonism and Related Disorders and The European Neurological Journal; receives royalties for publications of books from Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins and from Cambridge University Press; serves on the scientific advisory board for Solvay Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (now Abbvie), Chelsea Therapeutics, Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd., Impax Pharmaceuticals, Merz, Pfizer Inc, Solstice Neurosciences, LLC, Eli Lilly and Company, US WorldMeds; is a consultant for Chelsea Therapeutics, Solvay Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (now Abbvie); serves on the speakers' bureaus of UCB, Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd., American Academy of Neurology, Movement Disorders Society; receives research support from CleveMed/Great Lakes Neurotechnologies, Michael J. Fox Foundation and the NIH.Dr. Pedley serves as an editorial board member of Journal of Clinical Neurophysiology and Nature Reviews Neurology and as Editor-in-Chief (Neurology) for UpToDate; serves as President for the American Academy of Neurology; receives royalties form the publication of the books Current Practice of Clinical Electroencephalography, Epilepsy: A comprehensive Textbook and Merritt's Neurology.

1) Imaging prodromal Parkinson disease and 2) Topic of the month: Movement disorder emergencies. This podcast for the Neurology Journal begins and closes with Dr. Robert Gross, Editor-in-Chief, briefly discussing highlighted articles from the print issue of Neurology. In the second segment Dr. Alberto Espay interviews Dr. Danna Jennings about her paper on imaging prodromal Parkinson disease. Dr. Adam Numis is reading our e-Pearl of the week about distal hereditary neuropathies. In the next part of the podcast Dr. David Taplinger interviews Dr. Steven Frucht about the movement disorder emergency: serotonin syndrome. The participants had nothing to disclose except Drs. Espay, Jennings, Numis and Frucht.Dr. Espay serves as an Associate Editor of Movement Disorders, Frontiers in Movement Disorders and Journal of Clinical Movement Disorders; serves as an editorial board member of Parkinsonism and Related Disorders and The European Neurological Journal; receives royalties for publications of books from Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins and from Cambridge University Press; serves on the scientific advisory board for Solvay Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (now Abbvie), Chelsea Therapeutics, Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd., Impax Pharmaceuticals, Merz, Pfizer Inc, Solstice Neurosciences, LLC, Eli Lilly and Company, US WorldMeds; is a consultant for Chelsea Therapeutics, Solvay Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (now Abbvie); serves on the speakers' bureaus of Novartis, UCB, Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd., American Academy of Neurology, Movement Disorders Society; receives research support from CleveMed/Great Lakes Neurotechnologies, Michael J. Fox Foundation and the NIH.Dr. Jennings received speaker honoraria from Novartis; serves on the speaker board of UCB; receives research funding from Michael J. Fox Foundation, FORUM Pharmaceuticals, Concert Pharmaceuticals, Inc.; Omeros, Amgen, Abbvie, Merck Serono, Eli Lilly and Company, Avid Radiopharmaceuticals, Inc.; Navidea Biopharmaceuticals, Inc.; Eisai Inc., TauRx Therapeutics Ltd and Biogen Idec.Dr. Numis serves on the editorial team for the Neurology® Resident and Fellow Section. Dr. Frucht is a consultant for Merz Pharmaceuticals, LLC and Impax Pharmaceuticals and receives royalties from the publication of the book Movement Disorders Emergencies.

1) Evaluation and construction of diagnostic criteria for inclusion body myositis and 2) Topic of the month: Plenary sessions AAN Meeting April 2014. This podcast for the Neurology Journal begins and closes with Dr. Robert Gross, Editor-in-Chief, briefly discussing highlighted articles from the print issue of Neurology. In the second segment Dr. Ted Burns interviews Dr. Steven A. Greenberg about his paper on evaluation and construction of diagnostic criteria for inclusion body myositis. Dr. James Addington is reading our e-Pearl of the week about Rapid-Onset Dystonia Parkinsonism. In the next part of the podcast Dr. Alberto Espay continues his interview with Dr. Jon Stone including questions about his Contemporary Clinical Issues Lecture about functional (psychogenic) disorders in neurology from the audience at Interview Central and his responses. The participants had nothing to disclose except Drs. Burns, Greenberg, Addington, Espay and Stone.Dr. Burns serves as Podcast Editor for Neurology®; and has received research support for consulting activities with CSL Behring and Alexion Pharmaceuticals, Inc.Dr. Greenberg is a consultant for MedImmune, aTyr Pharma; receives publishing royalties from the publication of the book EMG Pearls; receives license fee payments from Composition and Methods for Diagnosing and Assessing Inflammatory Myopathies, MedImmune; receives revenue for patents for composition and methods for diagnosing and assessing inflammatory myopathies, detecting inclusion body myositis; receives research support from MedImmune, Novartis and the NIH; serves on the scientific advisory board for MedImmune; received funding for travel from Biogen Idec and Genzyme Corporation.Dr. Addington serves on the editorial team for the Neurology® Resident and Fellow Section. Dr. Espay serves as an Associate Editor of Movement Disorders, Frontiers in Movement Disorders and Journal of Clinical Movement Disorders; serves as an editorial board member of Parkinsonism and Related Disorders and The European Neurological Journal; receives royalties for publications of books from Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins and from Cambridge University Press; serves on the scientific advisory board for Solvay Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (now Abbvie), Chelsea Therapeutics, Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd., Impax Pharmaceuticals, Merz, Pfizer Inc, Solstice Neurosciences, LLC, Eli Lilly and Company, US WorldMeds; is a consultant for Chelsea Therapeutics, Solvay Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (now Abbvie); serves on the speakers' bureaus of Novartis, UCB, Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd., American Academy of Neurology, Movement Disorders Society; receives research support from CleveMed/Great Lakes Neurotechnologies, Michael J. Fox Foundation and the NIH.Dr. Stone received speaker honoraria from the Movement Disorders Society, British Medical Association, American Academy of Neurology Royal College of Psychiatrists, UCB Pharma, Novartis, Tribunals Judiciary (UK); receives research support from the National Research Strategy Career Fellow with NHS Scotland Research; receives publishing royalties from UptoDate 2014; runs a free self-help website for patients with functional disorders www.neurosymptoms.org; carries out regular expert witness work in relation to personal injury and medical negligence.

1) Traumatic brain injury and risk of dementia in older veterans and 2) Topic of the month: Plenary sessions AAN Meeting April 2014. This podcast for the Neurology Journal begins and closes with Dr. Robert Gross, Editor-in-Chief, briefly discussing highlighted articles from the print issue of Neurology. In the second segment Dr. Farrah Mateen interviews Dr. Deborah Barnes about her paper on traumatic brain injury and risk of dementia in older veterans. Dr. James Addington is reading our e-Pearl of the week about chronic traumatic encephalopathy. In the next part of the podcast Dr. Alberto Espay interviews Dr. Jon Stone about his Contemporary Clinical Issues Lecture at the AAN Meeting about functional (psychogenic) disorders in neurology. The participants had nothing to disclose except Drs. Mateen, Barnes, Addington, Espay and Stone.Dr. Mateen received funding support from the Canadian Institute of Health Research.Dr. Barnes receives research support from UCB, Department of Defense, Department of Veterans Affairs, NARSAD (Brain & Behavior Research Foundation), S.D. Bechtel Jr. Foundation, philanthrophic support via Osher Center for Integrative Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, patient centered outcomes research institute and the NIH.Dr. Addington serves on the editorial team for the Neurology® Resident and Fellow Section. Dr. Espay serves as an Associate Editor of Movement Disorders, Frontiers in Movement Disorders and Journal of Clinical Movement Disorders; serves as an editorial board member of Parkinsonism and Related Disorders and The European Neurological Journal; receives royalties for publications of books from Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins and from Cambridge University Press; serves on the scientific advisory board for Solvay Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (now Abbvie), Chelsea Therapeutics, Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd., Impax Pharmaceuticals, Merz, Pfizer Inc, Solstice Neurosciences, LLC, Eli Lilly and Company, US WorldMeds; is a consultant for Chelsea Therapeutics, Solvay Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (now Abbvie); serves on the speakers' bureaus of Novartis, UCB, Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd., American Academy of Neurology, Movement Disorders Society; receives research support from CleveMed/Great Lakes Neurotechnologies, Michael J. Fox Foundation and the NIH.Dr. Stone received speaker honoraria from the Movement Disorders Society, British Medical Association, American Academy of Neurology Royal College of Psychiatrists, UCB Pharma, Novartis, Tribunals Judiciary (UK); receives research support from the National Research Strategy Career Fellow with NHS Scotland Research; receives publishing royalties from UptoDate 2014; runs a free self-help website for patients with functional disorders www.neurosymptoms.org; carries out regular expert witness work in relation to personal injury and medical negligence.

1) Defining the clinical course of multiple sclerosis: The 2013 revisions and 2) Topic of the month: Plenary sessions AAN Meeting April 2014. This podcast for the Neurology Journal begins and closes with Dr. Robert Gross, Editor-in-Chief, briefly discussing highlighted articles from the print issue of Neurology. In the second segment Dr. Mark Keegan interviews Dr. Fred Lublin about his paper on defining the clinical course of multiple sclerosis: The 2013 revisions. Dr. James Addington is reading our e-Pearl of the week about familial fatal insomnia. In the next part of the podcast Dr. Alberto Espay interviews Dr. David Eidelberg about his Hot Topics Lecture at the AAN Meeting about functional connectivity and functional imaging in movement disorders. The participants had nothing to disclose except Drs. Keegan, Lublin, Addington, Espay and Eidelberg.Dr. Keegan serves as Chief Editor of eMedicine and receives research support from Terumo BCT.Dr. Lublin serves as co-Chief Editor of Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders; serves on the scientific advisory boards and as a consultant for Bayer Schering Pharma, Biogen Idec, Merck Serono, Novartis, Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd., Actelion Pharmaceuticals Ltd, Sanofi-aventis, Acorda Therapeutics Inc, Questcor Pharmaceuticals, Roche, Genentech, Inc., Celgene, Johnson & Johnson, Revalesio Corporation, Coronado Bioscience, Genzyme Corporation, MedImmune, Bristol-Myers Squibb, XenoPort, Inc., Receptos Inc, Forward Pharma, to- BBB technologies; receives research support from Biogen Idec, Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd., Acorda Therapeutics Inc, Novartis, Genzyme Corporation, Sanofi-aventis, Celgene, National Multiple Sclerosis Society and the NIH; holds financial interests/stock options in Cognition Pharmaceuticals. Inc. and may discuss unapproved agents that are in the MS developmental pipeline with any recommendations on their use.Dr. Addington serves on the editorial team for the Neurology® Resident and Fellow Section. Dr. Espay serves as an Associate Editor of Movement Disorders, Frontiers in Movement Disorders and Journal of Clinical Movement Disorders; serves as an editorial board member of Parkinsonism and Related Disorders and The European Neurological Journal; receives royalties for publications of books from Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins and from Cambridge University Press; serves on the scientific advisory board for Solvay Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (now Abbvie), Chelsea Therapeutics, Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd., Impax Pharmaceuticals, Merz, Pfizer Inc, Solstice Neurosciences, LLC, Eli Lilly and Company, US WorldMeds; is a consultant for Chelsea Therapeutics, Solvay Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (now Abbvie); serves on the speakers' bureaus of Novartis, UCB, Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd., American Academy of Neurology, Movement Disorders Society; receives research support from CleveMed/Great Lakes Neurotechnologies, Michael J. Fox Foundation and the NIH.Dr. Eidelberg serves as an Associate Editor of Journal of Neuroscience; serves as an editorial board member of Journal of Nuclear Medicine, Current Opinion in Neurology, Annals of Neurology and NeuroImage; serves on the scientific advisory board for the Michael J. Fox Foundation, ; co-inventor of United States Patent No. 5, 632,276 and No. 5,873,823 without financial gain; receives research support from the Michael J. Fox Foundation and the NIH.

1) Utility and safety of rituximab in pediatric autoimmune and inflammatory CNS disease and 2) Topic of the month: Plenary sessions AAN Meeting April 2014. This podcast for the Neurology Journal begins and closes with Dr. Robert Gross, Editor-in-Chief, briefly discussing highlighted articles from the print issue of Neurology. In the second segment Dr. John Mytinger interviews Dr. Russell Dale about his paper on utility and safety of rituximab in pediatric autoimmune and inflammatory CNS disease. Dr. James Addington is reading our e-Pearl of the week about pseudo-internuclear ophthalmoplegia. In the next part of the podcast Dr. Alberto Espay interviews Dr. David Holtzman about his Robert Wartenberg Lecture at the AAN Meeting about Alzheimer's disease in 2014: Mapping a road forward. The participants had nothing to disclose except Drs. Dale, Addington, Espay and Holtzman.Dr. Dale serves on the scientific advisory board for Queensland Children's Medical Institute; serves as an editorial advisory board member of Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders Journal; received honoraria for lecturing from Biogen Idec; receives research support from the National Health and Medical Research Council. Dr. Addington serves on the editorial team for the Neurology® Resident and Fellow Section. Dr. Espay serves as an Associate Editor of Movement Disorders, Frontiers in Movement Disorders and Journal of Clinical Movement Disorders; serves as an editorial board member of Parkinsonism and Related Disorders and The European Neurological Journal; receives royalties for publications of books from Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins and from Cambridge University Press; serves on the scientific advisory board for Solvay Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (now Abbvie), Chelsea Therapeutics, Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd., Impax Pharmaceuticals, Merz, Pfizer Inc, Solstice Neurosciences, LLC, Eli Lilly and Company, US WorldMeds; is a consultant for Chelsea Therapeutics, Solvay Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (now Abbvie); serves on the speakers' bureaus of Novartis, UCB, Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd., American Academy of Neurology, Movement Disorders Society; receives research support from CleveMed/Great Lakes Neurotechnologies, Michael J. Fox Foundation and the NIH.Dr. Holtzman serves as an Associate Editor of Annuals of Neurology; serves as an editorial board member of Neurobiology of Disease, Experimental Neurology, Molecular Neurodegeneration, Science Translational Medicine and Journal of Experimental Medicine; co-founder of C2N Diagnostic LLC; is a consultant for AstraZeneca, Genentech, Inc., Bristol-Myers Squibb and Forum Pharmaceuticals; receives research support AstraZeneca, Eli Lilly and Company, Biogen Idec, C2N Diagnostic LLC, Cure Alzheimer's Disease, Tau Consortium, Ellison Medical Foundation and the NIH.

1) Long-term safety and effectiveness of natalizumab for re-dosing and treatment of multiple sclerosis and 2) Topic of the month: Plenary sessions AAN Meeting April 2014. This podcast for the Neurology Journal begins and closes with Dr. Robert Gross, Editor-in-Chief, briefly discussing highlighted articles from the print issue of Neurology. In the second segment Dr. Ruth Ann Marrie interviews Dr. Paul O'Connor about his paper on long-term safety and effectiveness of natalizumab for re-dosing and treatment of multiple sclerosis. Dr. James Addington is reading our e-Pearl of the week about inclusion body myositis. In the next part of the podcast Dr. Alberto Espay interviews Dr. James Bernat about his Presidential Lecture at the AAN Meeting about challenges to ethics and professionalism facing the contemporary neurologist. The participants had nothing to disclose except Drs. Marrie, O'Connor, Addington, Espay and Bernat.Dr. Marrie serves on the editorial board for Neurology® and Multiple Sclerosis Journal; receives research support from Sanofi-aventis, Canadian Institutes of Health Research, Public Health Agency of Canada, Multiple Sclerosis Society of Canada, National Multiple Sclerosis Society, Multiple Sclerosis Scientific Foundation and Consortium of Multiple Sclerosis Centers.Dr. O'Connor served on the editorial advisory board of the MS Journal; serves on the scientific advisory board for Novartis, Sanofi-aventis, Bravo Pharmaceuticals, Genentech, Inc., Roche and Actelion Pharmaceuticals Ltd; is a consultant for Biogen Idec, Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd., Sanofi-aventis and Novartis; received funding for travel to advisory board meeting in Toronto; receives research support from Novartis, Sanofi-aventis, Roche, Biogen Idec and as National Scientific and Clinical Advisor to the MS Society of Canada. Dr. Addington serves on the editorial team for the Neurology® Resident and Fellow Section. Dr. Espay serves as an Associate Editor of Movement Disorders, Frontiers in Movement Disorders and Journal of Clinical Movement Disorders; serves as an editorial board member of Parkinsonism and Related Disorders and The European Neurological Journal; receives royalties for publications of books from Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins and from Cambridge University Press; serves on the scientific advisory board for Solvay Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (now Abbvie), Chelsea Therapeutics, Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd., Impax Pharmaceuticals, Merz, Pfizer Inc, Solstice Neurosciences, LLC, Eli Lilly and Company, US WorldMeds; is a consultant for Chelsea Therapeutics, Solvay Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (now Abbvie); serves on the speakers' bureaus of Novartis, UCB, Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd., American Academy of Neurology, Movement Disorders Society; receives research support from CleveMed/Great Lakes Neurotechnologies, Michael J. Fox Foundation and the NIH.Dr. Bernat serves as an unpaid editorial board member of Neurocritical Care, Neurology Today, and Multiple Sclerosis and Related Diseases; a paid editorial board member of The Physician's Index for Ethics and Medicine; and receives royalties from the publication of the books Ethical Issues in Neurology, 3rd ed, Palliative Care in Neurology, and Ethical and Legal Issues in Neurology.

1) GABAB receptor autoantibody frequency in-service serological evaluation and 2) This week's topic: About Ted Burns about being diagnosed with a serious cancer. This podcast for the Neurology Journal begins and closes with Dr. Robert Gross, Editor-in-Chief, briefly discussing highlighted articles from the print issue of Neurology. In the second segment Dr. Zsofia Hole interviews Dr. Andrew McKeon about his paper on GABAB receptor autoantibody frequency in-service serological evaluation. Dr. Roy Strowd is reading our e-Pearl of the week about Fazio-Londe syndrome. In the next part of the podcast Dr. Alberto Espay interviews Dr. Ted Burns about being diagnosed with a serious cancer and how he has gained insight into what it's like being a patient. The participants had nothing to disclose except Drs. McKeon, Strowd, Espay, and Burns.Dr. McKeon receives research support from the Guthy Jackson Charitable Foundation.Dr. Strowd serves on the editorial team for the Neurology® Resident and Fellow Section. Dr. Espay is supported by the K23 career development award (NIMH, 1K23MH092735); has received grant support from CleveMed/Great Lakes Neurotechnologies, Davis Phinney Foundation, and Michael J Fox Foundation; is a consultant for Chelsea Therapeutics; serves on the scientific advisory boards for Solvay Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Abbott (now Abbie), Chelsea Therapeutics, TEVA Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd, Impax Pharmaceuticals, Merz Pharmaceuticals, LLC, Solstice Neurosciences, and Eli Lilly and Company, USWorldMeds; serves as Assistant Editor of Movement Disorders and on the editorial boards of The European Neurological Journal and Frontiers in Movement Disorders; serves on the speakers' bureaus of Novartis, UCB, TEVA Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd, American Academy of Neurology, Movement Disorder Society and receives royalties from Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins and Cambridge University Press.Dr. Burns serves as Podcast Editor for Neurology®; and has received research support for consulting activities with CSL Behring and Alexion Pharmaceuticals.

1) Optic nerve head component responses of multifocal electroretinogram in MS and 2) Topic of the month: AAN Plenary Sessions. This podcast for the Neurology Journal begins and closes with Dr. Robert Gross, Editor-in-Chief, briefly discussing highlighted articles from the print issue of Neurology. In the second segment Dr. Beau Bruce interviews Drs. Teresa and Elliot Frohman about their paper on optic nerve head component responses of multifocal electroretinogram in MS. Dr. Adam Numis is reading our e-Pearl of the week about Terson's syndrome. In the next part of the podcast Dr. Alberto Espay interviews Dr. John Trojanowski about progressive accumulation of tau pathology in patients with Alzheimer disease and how it occurred in a stereotypical manner. The participants had nothing to disclose except Drs. Bruce, Teresa Frohman, Eliot Frohman, Numis, Espay, and Trojanowski.Dr. Bruce is a consultant for Kaiser Permanente of Georgia for the CDC Vaccine Safety Datalink; receives research support from Novartis, Pfizer Inc, TEVA Pharmaceutical Industries, Ltd and the NIH; and was a recipient of the Practice Research Fellowship.Dr. Teresa Frohman serves as an editorial board member of National Multiple Sclerosis Society; is a consultant for Acorda, Novartis; serves on the speakers' bureau of Acorda Therapeutics, Inc., Novartis; receives royalties from the publication of Up-to-Date; received funding for travel from Acorda Therapeutics Inc., Novartis; received research support from the National Multiple Sclerosis Society and the NIH.Dr. Elliot Frohman is a consultant for TEVA Pharmaceutical Industries, Ltd, Acorda Therapeutics, Inc., Novartis, Genzyme Corporation, Abbott; serves on the speakers' bureau of TEVA Pharmaceutical Industries, Ltd, Acorda Therapeutics Inc., Novartis; receives royalties from the publication of Up-to-Date; and received funding for travel from TEVA Pharmaceutical Industries, Ltd, Acorda Therapeutics Inc., Novartis.Dr. Numis serves on the editorial team for the Neurology® Resident and Fellow Section. Dr. Espay is supported by the K23 career development award (NIMH, 1K23MH092735); has received grant support from CleveMed/Great Lakes Neurotechnologies, Davis Phinney Foundation, and Michael J Fox Foundation; is a consultant for Chelsea Therapeutics; serves on the scientific advisory boards for Solvay Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Abbott (now Abbie), Chelsea Therapeutics, TEVA Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd, Impax Pharmaceuticals, Merz Pharmaceuticals, LLC, Solstice Neurosciences, and Eli Lilly and Company, USWorldMeds; serves as Assistant Editor of Movement Disorders and on the editorial boards of The European Neurological Journal and Frontiers in Movement Disorders; serves on the speakers' bureaus of Novartis, UCB, TEVA Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd, American Academy of Neurology, Movement Disorder Society and receives royalties from Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins and Cambridge University Press.Dr. Trojanowski serves as an Associate Editor for Alzheimer & Dementia; received research support from The Marian S. Ware Alzheimer Program, Benaroya and the NIH; holds 14 patents that may accrue revenue: US Patent 5,281,521, issued 25 Jan 1994: US Patent 5,580,898, issued 3 Dec 1996; US Patent 5,601,985, issued 11 Feb 1997; US Patent 5,733,734, issued 31 Mar 1998; US Patent 5,792,900, issued 11 Aug 1998; US Patent 5,849,988, issued 15 Dec 1998: US Patent 6,214,334, issued 10 Apr 2001; US Patent 6,358,681, issued 19 Mar 2002; US Patent 6,727,075, issued 27 Mar 2004; US Patent 7,011,827, issued 14 Mar 2006; Penn 0652, K1828, filed 5 Aug 1998; Penn L1986, Filed 13 Nov 1998; Penn R3868 (UPN-4439), filed 28 Feb 2005 and Penn S-4018, DB&R 46406- 217282, filed 22 Nov 2005: Treatment of Alzheimer's and Related Diseases with an Antibody and may accrue revenue in the future on patents submitted by the University of Pennsylvania as co-Inventor and received revenue from the sale of Avid to Eli Lilly and Company as co-inventor on imaging related patents submitted by the University of Pennsylvania while receiving research support from the NIH, Bristol-Myers Squibb, AstraZeneca and several non-profits.

1) Evidence-based guideline: Treatment of tardive syndromes and 2) Topic of the month: AAN Plenary Sessions. This podcast for the Neurology Journal begins and closes with Dr. Robert Gross, Editor-in-Chief, briefly discussing highlighted articles from the print issue of Neurology. In the second segment Dr. Jeff Waugh interviews Drs. Roongroj Bhidayasiri and Gary Gronseth about the AAN evidence-based guideline on treatment of tardive syndromes. Dr. Roy Strowd is reading our e-Pearl of the week about CTA spot sign. In the next part of the podcast Dr. Alberto Espay interviews Dr. Marsel Mesulam about his H. Houston Merritt Lecture on the selective cognitive impairments and distinct neuropathological entities of the primary progressive aphasias. The participants had nothing to disclose except Drs. Bhidayasiri, Gronseth, Strowd, Espay and Mesulam.Dr. Bhidayasiri served as Editor-in-Chief for The Thai Journal of Neurology; serves on the scientific advisory board for Ministry of Public Heath, Thailand and Excellence Network; serves as Director of Chulalongkorn Center of Excellence on Parkinson's Disease and Related Disorders, Thai Red Cross Society; received funding for trips from BL Hua, GlaxoSmithKline, Medtronic, Inc., Roche; serves on the speakers' bureau of Abbott, BL Hua, Boehringer-Ingelheim, GlaxoSmithKline, Medtronic, Inc., Novartis, Roche; receives royalties from the publication of the books Neurological Differential diagnosis, International Neurology, Movement Disorders: A video atlas; receives research support from Abbott, Immunocal Thailand, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand, Thailand Research Fund and Thai Red Cross Society.Dr. Gronseth serves on the editorial board of Neurology Now and receives research support from the American Academy of Neurology.Dr. Strowd serves on the editorial team for the Neurology® Resident and Fellow Section. Dr. Espay is supported by the K23 career development award (NIMH, 1K23MH092735); has received grant support from CleveMed/Great Lakes Neurotechnologies, Davis Phinney Foundation, and Michael J Fox Foundation; is a consultant for Chelsea Therapeutics; serves on the scientific advisory boards for Solvay Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Abbott (now Abbie), Chelsea Therapeutics, TEVA Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd, Impax Pharmaceuticals, Merz Pharmaceuticals, LLC, Solstice Neurosciences, and Eli Lilly and Company, USWorldMeds; serves as Assistant Editor of Movement Disorders and on the editorial boards of The European Neurological Journal and Frontiers in Movement Disorders; serves on the speakers' bureaus of Novartis, UCB, TEVA Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd, American Academy of Neurology, Movement Disorder Society and receives royalties from Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins and Cambridge University Press.Dr. Mesulam serves on the scientific advisory board for Cure Alzheimer Fund and Association on Frontotemporal Dementia; serves as an editorial board member of Brain, Annals of Neurology, Human Brain Mapping, Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience; receives royalties from the publication of the book Principles of Behavioral and Cognitive Neurology and receives research support from the NIH.

1) Rasmussen's encephalitis treated with natalizumab and 2) Topic of the month: AAN Plenary Sessions. This podcast for the Neurology Journal begins and closes with Dr. Robert Gross, Editor-in-Chief, briefly discussing highlighted articles from the print issue of Neurology. In the second segment Dr. John Mytinger interviews Prof. Heinz Wiendl about his paper on Rasmussen's encephalitis treated with natalizumab. Dr. Roy Strowd is reading our e-Pearl of the week about watching for Whipple's: Oculomasticatory myorhythmia. In the next part of the podcast Dr. Alberto Espay interviews Dr. Pooja Khatri on intra-arterial therapy being used as standard treatment for acute stroke. The participants had nothing to disclose except Prof. Wiendl, Drs. Strowd, Espay and Khatri.Prof. Wiendl received honoraria for travel to attend meetings from Bayer Schering Pharma, Biogen Idec, Elan Corporation, Sanofi- Aventis, Schering-Plough Corp., Merck Serono, Teva Pharmaceuticals Industries Ltd.; has served as a consultant or is currently a consultant for Merck Serono, Medac, Inc, Sanofi-aventis, Biogen Idec, Bayer Schering Pharma, Novartis, Teva Pharmaceuticals Industries Ltd., Novo Nordisk; receives research support from Bayer Schering Pharma, Biogen Idec, Elan Corporation, Sanofi-aventis, Merck Serono, Teva Pharmaceuticals Industries Ltd., Novartis, Medac, Inc, Genzyme and Novo Nordisk.Dr. Strowd serves on the editorial team for the Neurology® Resident and Fellow Section. Dr. Espay is supported by the K23 career development award (NIMH, 1K23MH092735); has received grant support from CleveMed/Great Lakes Neurotechnologies, Davis Phinney Foundation, and Michael J Fox Foundation; is a consultant for Chelsea Therapeutics; serves on the scientific advisory boards for Solvay Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Abbott (now Abbie), Chelsea Therapeutics, TEVA Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd, Impax Pharmaceuticals, Merz Pharmaceuticals, LLC, Solstice Neurosciences, and Eli Lilly and Company, USWorldMeds; serves as Assistant Editor of Movement Disorders and on the editorial boards of The European Neurological Journal and Frontiers in Movement Disorders; serves on the speakers' bureaus of Novartis, UCB, TEVA Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd, American Academy of Neurology, Movement Disorder Society and receives royalties from Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins and Cambridge University Press.Dr. Khatri received funding for a trip from Genetech, Inc.; provided expert witnessing for stroke cases over last two years; receives research support from Penumbra, Inc and the NIH.

1) Development and validation of a clinical guideline for diagnosing blepharospasm and 2) Topic of the month: AAN Plenary Sessions. This podcast for the Neurology Journal begins and closes with Dr. Robert Gross, Editor-in-Chief, briefly discussing highlighted articles from the print issue of Neurology. In the second segment Dr. Binit Shah interviews Dr. Giovanni Defazio about his paper on development and validation of a clinical guideline for diagnosing blepharospasm. Dr. Roy Strowd is reading our e-Pearl of the week about iatrogenic botulism. In the next part of the podcast Dr. Alberto Espay interviews Dr. Salvatore DiMauro about his Robert Wartenberg Lecture on Mitochondrial encephalomyopathies: 50 years on. The participants had nothing to disclose except Drs. Defazio, Strowd, Espay and DiMauro.Dr. Defazio receives research support from the Italian Ministry of University and Comitato Promotore Telethon.Dr. Strowd serves on the editorial team for the Neurology® Resident and Fellow Section. Dr. Espay is supported by the K23 career development award (NIMH, 1K23MH092735); has received grant support from CleveMed/Great Lakes Neurotechnologies, Davis Phinney Foundation, and Michael J Fox Foundation; is a consultant for Chelsea Therapeutics; serves on the scientific advisory boards for Solvay Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Abbott (now Abbie), Chelsea Therapeutics, TEVA Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd, Impax Pharmaceuticals, Merz Pharmaceuticals, LLC, Solstice Neurosciences, and Eli Lilly and Company, USWorldMeds; serves as Assistant Editor of Movement Disorders and on the editorial boards of The European Neurological Journal and Frontiers in Movement Disorders; serves on the speakers' bureaus of Novartis, UCB, TEVA Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd, American Academy of Neurology, Movement Disorder Society and receives royalties from Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins and Cambridge University Press.Dr. DiMauro serves as an editorial board member of Muscle and Nerve, Neuromuscular Disorders, Acta Myologica, MedLink Neurology; serves on the scientific advisory board for Telethon Italia; receives research support from the Muscular Dystrophy Association, Marriott Mitochondrial Disorder Clinical Research Fund and the NIH.

1) Surveillance neuroimaging and neurologic examinations affecting care for intracerebral hemorrhage and 2) Topic of the month: AAN Plenary Sessions. This podcast for the Neurology Journal begins and closes with Dr. Robert Gross, Editor-in-Chief, briefly discussing highlighted articles from the print issue of Neurology. In the second segment Dr. Mike Brogan interviews Dr. Matthew Maas about his paper on surveillance neuroimaging and neurologic examinations affecting care for intracerebral hemorrhage. Dr. Roy Strowd is reading our e-Pearl of the week about dopamine dysregulation syndrome in Parkinson disease. In the next part of the podcast Dr. Alberto Espay interviews Drs. Stephen Reich and C. Warren Olanow on levodopa being initiated at time of diagnosis of movement disorders. The participants had nothing to disclose except Drs. Maas, Strowd, Espay, Olanow and Reich.Dr. Maas receives research support from the NIH.Dr. Strowd serves on the editorial team for the Neurology® Resident and Fellow Section. Dr. Espay is supported by the K23 career development award (NIMH, 1K23MH092735); has received grant support from CleveMed/Great Lakes Neurotechnologies, Davis Phinney Foundation, and Michael J Fox Foundation; is a consultant for Chelsea Therapeutics; serves on the scientific advisory boards for Solvay Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Abbott (now Abbie), Chelsea Therapeutics, TEVA Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd, Impax Pharmaceuticals, Merz Pharmaceuticals, LLC, Solstice Neurosciences, and Eli Lilly and Company, USWorldMeds; serves as Assistant Editor of Movement Disorders and on the editorial boards of The European Neurological Journal and Frontiers in Movement Disorders; serves on the speakers' bureaus of Novartis, UCB, TEVA Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd, American Academy of Neurology, Movement Disorder Society and receives royalties from Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins and Cambridge University Press.Dr. Olanow serves as Chief Editor for Movement Disorders; serves on the scientific advisory board for Michael J. Fox Foundation, TEVA Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd, Ceregene; is a consultant for TEVA Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd, Lundbeck, Inc., Novartis, Impax Pharmaceuticals, Ceregene, Orion; holds stock options in Ceregene and Clintrex, receives research support from Ceregene and participated in legal proceedings involving welding defense.Dr. Reich receives royalties from the publication of the book Movement Disorders: 100 Instructive Cases; receives research support from Chiltern, Synosia pharmaceuticals, Phytopharm and the NIH.

1) Depressive symptoms and white matter dysfunction in retired NFL players with concussion history and 2) Topic of the month: AAN Plenary Sessions. This podcast for the Neurology Journal begins and closes with Dr. Robert Gross, Editor-in-Chief, briefly discussing highlighted articles from the print issue of Neurology. In the second segment Dr. Christopher Giza interviews Dr. John Hart about his paper on depressive symptoms and white matter dysfunction in retired NFL players. Dr. Adam Numis is reading our e-Pearl of the week about ice-cream headache. In the next part of the podcast Dr. Alberto Espay interviews Drs. Ron Postuma and Brad Boeve about clinicopathologic correlations in 172 cases of REM sleep behavior disorder. The participants had nothing to disclose except Drs. Giza, Hart, Numis, Espay, Postuma and Boeve.Dr. Giza serves on the data safety monitoring board for LAbiomed Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center; is a consult for NHL Player's Association; serves on the speakers' bureau for the Medical Education Speakers Network; receives royalties from the publication of the book Neurological Differential Diagnosis: A prioritized approach; received funding for travel to Major League Soccer Concussion Committee meeting, California State Athletic Commission Meetings and NCAA meeting; receives research funding from NIH, UCLA faculty grants, Thrasher Research Foundation, NFL Charities, Today's and Tomorrow's Children Fund, Richie's Fund and NCAA, and gave expert testimony on several mediocolegal cases.Dr. Hart serves as an editorial board member of Neurocase, Journal of Innovative Optical Health, World Journals of Radiology and Psychiatry, Frontiers in Neuropsychiatric Imaging and Stimulation; receives royalties from the publication of the book Neural Basis of Semantic Memory; receives research support from the Department of Defense, Alzheimer's Association, RGK Foundation and NIH.Dr. Numis serves on the editorial team for the Neurology® Resident and Fellow Section. Dr. Espay is supported by the K23 career development award (NIMH, 1K23MH092735); has received grant support from CleveMed/Great Lakes Neurotechnologies, Davis Phinney Foundation, and Michael J Fox Foundation; is a consultant for Chelsea Therapeutics; serves on the scientific advisory boards for Solvay Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Abbott (now Abbie), Chelsea Therapeutics, TEVA Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd, Impax Pharmaceuticals, Merz Pharmaceuticals, LLC, Solstice Neurosciences, and Eli Lilly and Company, USWorldMeds; serves as Assistant Editor of Movement Disorders and on the editorial boards of The European Neurological Journal and Frontiers in Movement Disorders; serves on the speakers' bureaus of Novartis, UCB, TEVA Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd, American Academy of Neurology, Movement Disorder Society and receives royalties from Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins and Cambridge University Press.Dr. Postuma serves on the scientific advisory board for TEVA Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd; serves as an editorial board member of Movement Disorders Journal and Journal of Caffeine Research; receives honoraria from Allergan, Inc., Novartis, TEVA Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd; receives research support from the Canadian Institute of Health Research, Parkinson Society of Canada, Fonds de Recherche de la Sante Quebec, Weston Foundation and Drummond Foundation.Dr. Boeve has served as an investigator for clinical trials sponsored by Cephalon, Inc., Allon Pharmaceuticals and GE Healthcare; receives royalties from the publication of a book Behavioral Neurology of Dementia; received honoraria from the American Academy of Neurology; serves on the scientific advisory board of the Tau Consortium and receives research support from the National Institute on Aging and the Mangurian Foundation.

1) Guideline update: Evaluation and management of concussion in sports and 2) Topic of the month: AAN Plenary Sessions. This podcast for the Neurology Journal begins and closes with Dr. Robert Gross, Editor-in-Chief, briefly discussing highlighted articles from the print issue of Neurology. In the second segment Dr. Howard Goodkin interviews Christopher Giza about this guideline update on evaluation and management of concussion in sports. Dr. Adam Numis is reading our e-Pearl of the week about anti -MuSK antibody myasthenia gravis. In the next part of the podcast Dr. Alberto Espay interviews Dr. Merit Cudkowicz about her plenary session on ALS pathways to treatments. The participants had nothing to disclose except Drs. Goodkin, Giza, Numis, Espay and Cudkowicz.Dr. Goodkin serves as an editorial board member of Neurology and Surgical Neurology International; receives royalties from Up-to-Date for co-authorship of The Choking Game and other strangulation activities in children and adolescents; receives research support from the NIH.Dr. Giza serves on the data safety monitoring board for LAbiomed Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center; is a consult for NHL Player's Association; serves on the speakers' bureau for the Medical Education Speakers Network; receives royalties from the publication of the book Neurological Differential Diagnosis: A prioritized approach; received funding for travel to Major League Soccer Concussion Committee meeting, California State Athletic Commission Meetings and NCAA meeting; receives research funding from NIH, UCLA faculty grants, Thrasher Research Foundation, NFL Charities, Today's and Tomorrow's Children Fund, Richie's Fund and NCAA, and gave expert testimony on several mediocolegal cases.Dr. Numis serves on the editorial team for the Neurology® Resident and Fellow Section. Dr. Espay is supported by the K23 career development award (NIMH, 1K23MH092735); has received grant support from CleveMed/Great Lakes Neurotechnologies, Davis Phinney Foundation, and Michael J Fox Foundation; is a consultant for Chelsea Therapeutics; serves on the scientific advisory boards for Solvay Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Abbott (now Abbie), Chelsea Therapeutics, TEVA Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd, Impax Pharmaceuticals, Merz Pharmaceuticals, LLC, Solstice Neurosciences, and Eli Lilly and Company, USWorldMeds; serves as Assistant Editor of Movement Disorders and on the editorial boards of The European Neurological Journal and Frontiers in Movement Disorders; serves on the speakers' bureaus of Novartis, UCB, TEVA Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd, American Academy of Neurology, Movement Disorder Society and receives royalties from Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins and Cambridge University Press.Dr. Cudkowicz is a consultant for TEVA Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd., Cytokinetics, Biogen Idec; receives research support from Muscular Dystrophy Association, Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Association, American Telemedicine Association and the NIH.

1) Creation of the AAN Global Health Section and 2) Topic of the month: AAN Plenary Sessions. This podcast for the Neurology Journal begins and closes with Dr. Robert Gross, Editor-in-Chief, briefly discussing highlighted articles from the print issue of Neurology. In the second segment Dr. Farrah Mateen interviews Dr. Amy Lee about her paper on the creation of the AAN Global Health Section. Dr. Adam Numis is reading our e-Pearl of the week about Tullio phenomenon. In the next part of the podcast Dr. Alberto Espay interviews Dr. Jerome Posner about receiving the 2013 President's Award at the AAN Meeting and discussing his lecture on the importance of teaching and mentoring in neurology. The participants had nothing to disclose except Drs. Mateen, Numis, Espay and Posner.Dr. Mateen has consulted for the World Health Organization, Global Polio Eradication Initiative, and Caritas.Dr. Numis serves on the editorial team for the Neurology® Resident and Fellow Section. Dr. Espay is supported by the K23 career development award (NIMH, 1K23MH092735); has received grant support from CleveMed/Great Lakes Neurotechnologies, Davis Phinney Foundation, and Michael J Fox Foundation; is a consultant for Chelsea Therapeutics; serves on the scientific advisory boards for Solvay Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Abbott (now Abbie), Chelsea Therapeutics, TEVA Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd, Impax Pharmaceuticals, Merz Pharmaceuticals, LLC, Solstice Neurosciences, and Eli Lilly and Company, USWorldMeds; serves as Assistant Editor of Movement Disorders and on the editorial boards of The European Neurological Journal and Frontiers in Movement Disorders; serves on the speakers' bureaus of Novartis, UCB, TEVA Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd, American Academy of Neurology, Movement Disorder Society and receives royalties from Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins and Cambridge University Press.Dr. Posner serves as an editorial board member on Up-to-Date; receives royalties from the publications of the books Diagnosis of stupor and coma and Neurologic complications of cancer; receives royalty payments, technology/inventions from Athena diagnostics.

1) Prevention of new brain lesions and 2) Topic of the month: AAN Plenary Sessions. This podcast for the Neurology Journal begins and closes with Dr. Robert Gross, Editor-in-Chief, briefly discussing highlighted articles from the print issue of Neurology. In the second segment Dr. Pearce Korb interviews Dr. David Mohr about his paper on stress management for the prevention of new brain lesions. Dr. Jennifer Fugate is reading our e-Pearl of the week about Panayiotopoulos syndrome. In the next part of the podcast Dr. Alberto Espay interviews Dr. Chris Austin about his plenary session on translational therapeutics development at NIH. The participants had nothing to disclose except Drs. Mohr, Fugate, and Espay.Dr. Mohr is a consultant for the NIH and receives research support from NIH.Dr. Fugate serves on the editorial team for the Neurology® Resident and Fellow Section. Dr. Espay is supported by the K23 career development award (NIMH, 1K23MH092735); has received grant support from CleveMed/Great Lakes Neurotechnologies, Davis Phinney Foundation, and Michael J Fox Foundation; personal compensation as a consultant/scientific advisory board member for Solvay Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Abbott, Chelsea Therapeutics, TEVA Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd, Impax Pharmaceuticals, Solstice Neurosciences, and Eli Lilly and Company; and honoraria from Novartis, the American Academy of Neurology, and the Movement Disorders Society. He serves as Assistant Editor of Movement Disorders and on the editorial boards of The European Neurological Journal and Frontiers in Movement Disorders.

1) Stroke thrombolysis and 2) Topic of the month: AAN Plenary Sessions. This podcast for the Neurology Journal begins and closes with Dr. Robert Gross, Editor-in-Chief, briefly discussing highlighted articles from the print issue of Neurology. In the second segment Dr. Andy Southerland interviews Dr. Atte Meretoja about her paper on reducing in-hospital delay. Dr. Jennifer Fugate is reading our e-Pearl of the week about mytonic dystrophy. In the next part of the podcast Dr. Alberto Espay interviews Dr. Reisa Sperling about her plenary session on molecular and functional imaging detection of preclinical Alzheimer disease. The participants had nothing to disclose except Drs. Meretoja, Fugate, Espay and Sperling.Dr. Meretoja has served as a consultant for Boehringer Ingelheim, and has received honoraria from Boehringer Ingelheim for speaking at educational symposia, travel expenses from H Lundbeck A/S, and research support from Sigrid Juselius Foundation, Biomedicum Helsinki Foundation, Instrumentarium Science Foundation, Yrjo Jahnsson Foundation, Paivikki and Sakari Sohlberg Foundation, Maire Taponen Foundation, Finnish-Norwegian Medical Foundation and Emil Aaltonen Foundation.Dr. Fugate serves on the editorial team for the Neurology® Resident and Fellow Section. Dr. Espay is supported by the K23 career development award (NIMH, 1K23MH092735); has received grant support from CleveMed/Great Lakes Neurotechnologies, Davis Phinney Foundation, and Michael J Fox Foundation; personal compensation as a consultant/scientific advisory board member for Solvay Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Abbott, Chelsea Therapeutics, TEVA Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd, Impax Pharmaceuticals, Solstice Neurosciences, and Eli Lilly and Company; and honoraria from Novartis, the American Academy of Neurology, and the Movement Disorders Society. He serves as Assistant Editor of Movement Disorders and on the editorial boards of The European Neurological Journal and Frontiers in Movement Disorders.Dr. Sperling received a speaker honorarium from Pfizer Inc.; serves on the editorial board of Alzheimer¹s disease and Associated Disorders; has served as a consultant for Roche, Janssen, Pfizer Inc, Bayer Schering Pharma, Eisai Inc., Satori, Kyowa Hakko Kirin, Bristol-Myers Squibb and Avid Radiopharmaceuticals, (unpaid); has received research support from Janssen, and Bristol-Myers Squibb, NIH/NIA, Alzheimer¹s Association, American Health Assistance Foundation, and an Anonymous Foundation.

1) Anterior disconnection syndrome and 2) Topic of the month: AAN Plenary Sessions. This podcast for the Neurology Journal begins and closes with Dr. Robert Gross, Editor-in-Chief, briefly discussing highlighted articles from the print issue of Neurology. In the second segment Dr. Jeff Waugh interviews Drs. Ana Pereira and Alvardo Pascual-Leone about their paper on the anterior disconnection syndrome. Dr. Jennifer Fugate is reading our e-Pearl of the week about normal pressure hydrocephalus. In the next part of the podcast Dr. Alberto Espay interviews Dr. Richard Bedlack about his plenary session on contemporary clinical issues. The participants had nothing to disclose except Drs. Waugh, Pascual-Leone, Fugate, Espay and Bedlack.Dr. Waugh serves as an editorial board member of the Journal of Pediatric Biochemistry.Dr. Pascual-Leone serves on the scientific advisory board for Nexstim, NeoSync, Starlab, Neuronix, Allied minds and NovaVision, inc.; serves as an Associate Editor for European Journal of Neuroscience and Frontiers in Neuroscience; is listed as co-inventor in several patents related to real-time integration of TMS with EEG and functional imaging; receives research support from Nexstim, Neuronix, NIH, The Michael J. Fox Foundation, Berenson-Allen Foundation and RJG Family Foundation.Dr. Fugate serves on the editorial team for the Neurology® Resident and Fellow Section. Dr. Espay is supported by the K23 career development award (NIMH, 1K23MH092735); has received grant support from CleveMed/Great Lakes Neurotechnologies, Davis Phinney Foundation, and Michael J Fox Foundation; personal compensation as a consultant/scientific advisory board member for Solvay Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Abbott, Chelsea Therapeutics, TEVA Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd, Impax Pharmaceuticals, Solstice Neurosciences, and Eli Lilly and Company; and honoraria from Novartis, the American Academy of Neurology, and the Movement Disorders Society. He serves as Assistant Editor of Movement Disorders and on the editorial boards of The European Neurological Journal and Frontiers in Movement Disorders.Dr. Bedlack serves on the scientific advisory board DSMB for the ceftriaxone ALS trial; serves on the speakers' bureau of Pfizer Inc, Eli Lilly and Company, Athena Diagnostics and Avanir Pharmaceuticals; is a consultant for Avanir Pharmaceuticals, Sanofi-aventis, Athena Diagnostics and UCB; receives research support from UCB, Biogen, Cytokinetics, Neuraltis and NIH. His clinic is sponsored by the ALS Association; and he is also involved in conducting clinical trials.