Podcasts about Hardwick

Last month, the U.S. Supreme Court concluded its latest Term. And over the past few weeks, the Trump administration has continued to duke it out with its adversaries in the federal courts.To tackle these topics, as well as their intersection—in terms of how well the courts, including but not limited to the Supreme Court, are handling Trump-related cases—I interviewed Professor Pamela Karlan, a longtime faculty member at Stanford Law School. She's perfectly situated to address these subjects, for at least three reasons.First, Professor Karlan is a leading scholar of constitutional law. Second, she's a former SCOTUS clerk and seasoned advocate at One First Street, with ten arguments to her name. Third, she has high-level experience at the U.S. Department of Justice (DOJ), having served (twice) as a deputy assistant attorney general in the Civil Rights Division of the DOJ.I've had some wonderful guests to discuss the role of the courts today, including Judges Vince Chhabria (N.D. Cal.) and Ana Reyes (D.D.C.)—but as sitting judges, they couldn't discuss certain subjects, and they had to be somewhat circumspect. Professor Karlan, in contrast, isn't afraid to “go there”—and whether or not you agree with her opinions, I think you'll share my appreciation for her insight and candor.Show Notes:* Pamela S. Karlan bio, Stanford Law School* Pamela S. Karlan bio, Wikipedia* The McCorkle Lecture (Professor Pamela Karlan), UVA Law SchoolPrefer reading to listening? For paid subscribers, a transcript of the entire episode appears below.Sponsored by:NexFirm helps Biglaw attorneys become founding partners. To learn more about how NexFirm can help you launch your firm, call 212-292-1000 or email careerdevelopment at nexfirm dot com.Three quick notes about this transcript. First, it has been cleaned up from the audio in ways that don't alter substance—e.g., by deleting verbal filler or adding a word here or there to clarify meaning. Second, my interviewee has not reviewed this transcript, and any transcription errors are mine. Third, because of length constraints, this newsletter may be truncated in email; to view the entire post, simply click on “View entire message” in your email app.David Lat: Welcome to the Original Jurisdiction podcast. I'm your host, David Lat, author of a Substack newsletter about law and the legal profession also named Original Jurisdiction, which you can read and subscribe to at davidlat dot Substack dot com. You're listening to the seventy-seventh episode of this podcast, recorded on Friday, June 27.Thanks to this podcast's sponsor, NexFirm. NexFirm helps Biglaw attorneys become founding partners. To learn more about how NexFirm can help you launch your firm, call 212-292-1000 or email careerdevelopment at nexfirm dot com. Want to know who the guest will be for the next Original Jurisdiction podcast? Follow NexFirm on LinkedIn for a preview.With the 2024-2025 Supreme Court Term behind us, now is a good time to talk about both constitutional law and the proper role of the judiciary in American society. I expect they will remain significant as subjects because the tug of war between the Trump administration and the federal judiciary continues—and shows no signs of abating.To tackle these topics, I welcomed to the podcast Professor Pamela Karlan, the Montgomery Professor of Public Interest Law and Co-Director of the Supreme Court Litigation Clinic at Stanford Law School. Pam is not only a leading legal scholar, but she also has significant experience in practice. She's argued 10 cases before the Supreme Court, which puts her in a very small club, and she has worked in government at high levels, serving as a deputy assistant attorney general in the Civil Rights Division of the U.S. Department of Justice during the Obama administration. Without further ado, here's my conversation with Professor Pam Karlan.Professor Karlan, thank you so much for joining me.Pamela Karlan: Thanks for having me.DL: So let's start at the beginning. Tell us about your background and upbringing. I believe we share something in common—you were born in New York City?PK: I was born in New York City. My family had lived in New York since they arrived in the country about a century before.DL: What borough?PK: Originally Manhattan, then Brooklyn, then back to Manhattan. As my mother said, when I moved to Brooklyn when I was clerking, “Brooklyn to Brooklyn, in three generations.”DL: Brooklyn is very, very hip right now.PK: It wasn't hip when we got there.DL: And did you grow up in Manhattan or Brooklyn?PK: When I was little, we lived in Manhattan. Then right before I started elementary school, right after my brother was born, our apartment wasn't big enough anymore. So we moved to Stamford, Connecticut, and I grew up in Connecticut.DL: What led you to go to law school? I see you stayed in the state; you went to Yale. What did you have in mind for your post-law-school career?PK: I went to law school because during the summer between 10th and 11th grade, I read Richard Kluger's book, Simple Justice, which is the story of the litigation that leads up to Brown v. Board of Education. And I decided I wanted to go to the NAACP Legal Defense Fund and be a school desegregation lawyer, and that's what led me to go to law school.DL: You obtained a master's degree in history as well as a law degree. Did you also have teaching in mind as well?PK: No, I thought getting the master's degree was my last chance to do something I had loved doing as an undergrad. It didn't occur to me until I was late in my law-school days that I might at some point want to be a law professor. That's different than a lot of folks who go to law school now; they go to law school wanting to be law professors.During Admitted Students' Weekend, some students say to me, “I want to be a law professor—should I come here to law school?” I feel like saying to them, “You haven't done a day of law school yet. You have no idea whether you're good at law. You have no idea whether you'd enjoy doing legal teaching.”It just amazes me that people come to law school now planning to be a law professor, in a way that I don't think very many people did when I was going to law school. In my day, people discovered when they were in law school that they loved it, and they wanted to do more of what they loved doing; I don't think people came to law school for the most part planning to be law professors.DL: The track is so different now—and that's a whole other conversation—but people are getting master's and Ph.D. degrees, and people are doing fellowship after fellowship. It's not like, oh, you practice for three, five, or seven years, and then you become a professor. It seems to be almost like this other track nowadays.PK: When I went on the teaching market, I was distinctive in that I had not only my student law-journal note, but I actually had an article that Ricky Revesz and I had worked on that was coming out. And it was not normal for people to have that back then. Now people go onto the teaching market with six or seven publications—and no practice experience really to speak of, for a lot of them.DL: You mentioned talking to admitted students. You went to YLS, but you've now been teaching for a long time at Stanford Law School. They're very similar in a lot of ways. They're intellectual. They're intimate, especially compared to some of the other top law schools. What would you say if I'm an admitted student choosing between those two institutions? What would cause me to pick one versus the other—besides the superior weather of Palo Alto?PK: Well, some of it is geography; it's not just the weather. Some folks are very East-Coast-centered, and other folks are very West-Coast-centered. That makes a difference.It's a little hard to say what the differences are, because the last time I spent a long time at Yale Law School was in 2012 (I visited there a bunch of times over the years), but I think the faculty here at Stanford is less focused and concentrated on the students who want to be law professors than is the case at Yale. When I was at Yale, the idea was if you were smart, you went and became a law professor. It was almost like a kind of external manifestation of an inner state of grace; it was a sign that you were a smart person, if you wanted to be a law professor. And if you didn't, well, you could be a donor later on. Here at Stanford, the faculty as a whole is less concentrated on producing law professors. We produce a fair number of them, but it's not the be-all and end-all of the law school in some ways. Heather Gerken, who's the dean at Yale, has changed that somewhat, but not entirely. So that's one big difference.One of the most distinctive things about Stanford, because we're on the quarter system, is that our clinics are full-time clinics, taught by full-time faculty members at the law school. And that's distinctive. I think Yale calls more things clinics than we do, and a lot of them are part-time or taught by folks who aren't in the building all the time. So that's a big difference between the schools.They just have very different feels. I would encourage any student who gets into both of them to go and visit both of them, talk to the students, and see where you think you're going to be most comfortably stretched. Either school could be the right school for somebody.DL: I totally agree with you. Sometimes people think there's some kind of platonic answer to, “Where should I go to law school?” And it depends on so many individual circumstances.PK: There really isn't one answer. I think when I was deciding between law schools as a student, I got waitlisted at Stanford and I got into Yale. I had gone to Yale as an undergrad, so I wasn't going to go anywhere else if I got in there. I was from Connecticut and loved living in Connecticut, so that was an easy choice for me. But it's a hard choice for a lot of folks.And I do think that one of the worst things in the world is U.S. News and World Report, even though we're generally a beneficiary of it. It used to be that the R-squared between where somebody went to law school and what a ranking was was minimal. I knew lots of people who decided, in the old days, that they were going to go to Columbia rather than Yale or Harvard, rather than Stanford or Penn, rather than Chicago, because they liked the city better or there was somebody who did something they really wanted to do there.And then the R-squared, once U.S. News came out, of where people went and what the rankings were, became huge. And as you probably know, there were some scandals with law schools that would just waitlist people rather than admit them, to keep their yield up, because they thought the person would go to a higher-ranked law school. There were years and years where a huge part of the Stanford entering class had been waitlisted at Penn. And that's bad for people, because there are people who should go to Penn rather than come here. There are people who should go to NYU rather than going to Harvard. And a lot of those people don't do it because they're so fixated on U.S. News rankings.DL: I totally agree with you. But I suspect that a lot of people think that there are certain opportunities that are going to be open to them only if they go here or only if they go there.Speaking of which, after graduating from YLS, you clerked for Justice Blackmun on the Supreme Court, and statistically it's certainly true that certain schools seem to improve your odds of clerking for the Court. What was that experience like overall? People often describe it as a dream job. We're recording this on the last day of the Supreme Court Term; some hugely consequential historic cases are coming down. As a law clerk, you get a front row seat to all of that, to all of that history being made. Did you love that experience?PK: I loved the experience. I loved it in part because I worked for a wonderful justice who was just a lovely man, a real mensch. I had three great co-clerks. It was the first time, actually, that any justice had ever hired three women—and so that was distinctive for me, because I had been in classes in law school where there were fewer than three women. I was in one class in law school where I was the only woman. So that was neat.It was a great Term. It was the last year of the Burger Court, and we had just a heap of incredibly interesting cases. It's amazing how many cases I teach in law school that were decided that year—the summary-judgment trilogy, Thornburg v. Gingles, Bowers v. Hardwick. It was just a really great time to be there. And as a liberal, we won a lot of the cases. We didn't win them all, but we won a lot of them.It was incredibly intense. At that point, the Supreme Court still had this odd IT system that required eight hours of diagnostics every night. So the system was up from 8 a.m. to midnight—it stayed online longer if there was a death case—but otherwise it went down at midnight. In the Blackmun chambers, we showed up at 8 a.m. for breakfast with the Justice, and we left at midnight, five days a week. Then on the weekends, we were there from 9 to 9. And they were deciding 150 cases, not 60 cases, a year. So there was a lot more work to do, in that sense. But it was a great year. I've remained friends with my co-clerks, and I've remained friends with clerks from other chambers. It was a wonderful experience.DL: And you've actually written about it. I would refer people to some of the articles that they can look up, on your CV and elsewhere, where you've talked about, say, having breakfast with the Justice.PK: And we had a Passover Seder with the Justice as well, which was a lot of fun.DL: Oh wow, who hosted that? Did he?PK: Actually, the clerks hosted it. Originally he had said, “Oh, why don't we have it at the Court?” But then he came back to us and said, “Well, I think the Chief Justice”—Chief Justice Burger—“might not like that.” But he lent us tables and chairs, which were dropped off at one of the clerk's houses. And it was actually the day of the Gramm-Rudman argument, which was an argument about the budget. So we had to keep running back and forth from the Court to the house of Danny Richman, the clerk who hosted it, who was a Thurgood Marshall clerk. We had to keep running back and forth from the Court to Danny Richman's house, to baste the turkey and make stuff, back and forth. And then we had a real full Seder, and we invited all of the Jewish clerks at the Court and the Justice's messenger, who was Jewish, and the Justice and Mrs. Blackmun, and it was a lot of fun.DL: Wow, that's wonderful. So where did you go after your clerkship?PK: I went to the NAACP Legal Defense Fund, where I was an assistant counsel, and I worked on voting-rights and employment-discrimination cases.DL: And that was something that you had thought about for a long time—you mentioned you had read about its work in high school.PK: Yes, and it was a great place to work. We were working on great cases, and at that point we were really pushing the envelope on some of the stuff that we were doing—which was great and inspiring, and my colleagues were wonderful.And unlike a lot of Supreme Court practices now, where there's a kind of “King Bee” usually, and that person gets to argue everything, the Legal Defense Fund was very different. The first argument I did at the Court was in a case that I had worked on the amended complaint for, while at the Legal Defense Fund—and they let me essentially keep working on the case and argue it at the Supreme Court, even though by the time the case got to the Supreme Court, I was teaching at UVA. So they didn't have this policy of stripping away from younger lawyers the ability to argue their cases the whole way through the system.DL: So how many years out from law school were you by the time you had your first argument before the Court? I know that, today at least, there's this two-year bar on arguing before the Court after having clerked there.PK: Six or seven years out—because I think I argued in ‘91.DL: Now, you mentioned that by then you were teaching at UVA. You had a dream job working at the NAACP Legal Defense Fund. What led you to go to UVA?PK: There were two things, really, that did it. One was I had also discovered when I was in law school that I loved law school, and I was better at law school than I had been at anything I had done before law school. And the second was I really hated dealing with opposing counsel. I tell my students now, “You should take negotiation. If there's only one class you could take in law school, take negotiation.” Because it's a skill; it's not a habit of mind, but I felt like it was a habit of mind. And I found the discovery process and filing motions to compel and dealing with the other side's intransigence just really unpleasant.What I really loved was writing briefs. I loved writing briefs, and I could keep doing that for the Legal Defense Fund while at UVA, and I've done a bunch of that over the years for LDF and for other organizations. I could keep doing that and I could live in a small town, which I really wanted to do. I love New York, and now I could live in a city—I've spent a couple of years, off and on, living in cities since then, and I like it—but I didn't like it at that point. I really wanted to be out in the country somewhere. And so UVA was the perfect mix. I kept working on cases, writing amicus briefs for LDF and for other organizations. I could teach, which I loved. I could live in a college town, which I really enjoyed. So it was the best blend of things.DL: And I know, from your having actually delivered a lecture at UVA, that it really did seem to have a special place in your heart. UVA Law School—they really do have a wonderful environment there (as does Stanford), and Charlottesville is a very charming place.PK: Yes, especially when I was there. UVA has a real gift for developing its junior faculty. It was a place where the senior faculty were constantly reading our work, constantly talking to us. Everyone was in the building, which makes a huge difference.The second case I had go to the Supreme Court actually came out of a class where a student asked a question, and I ended up representing the student, and we took the case all the way to the Supreme Court. But I wasn't admitted in the Western District of Virginia, and that's where we had to file a case. And so I turned to my next-door neighbor, George Rutherglen, and said to George, “Would you be the lead counsel in this?” And he said, “Sure.” And we ended up representing a bunch of UVA students, challenging the way the Republican Party did its nomination process. And we ended up, by the student's third year in law school, at the Supreme Court.So UVA was a great place. I had amazing colleagues. The legendary Bill Stuntz was then there; Mike Klarman was there. Dan Ortiz, who's still there, was there. So was John Harrison. It was a fantastic group of people to have as your colleagues.DL: Was it difficult for you, then, to leave UVA and move to Stanford?PK: Oh yes. When I went in to tell Bob Scott, who was then the dean, that I was leaving, I just burst into tears. I think the reason I left UVA was I was at a point in my career where I'd done a bunch of visits at other schools, and I thought that I could either leave then or I would be making a decision to stay there for the rest of my career. And I just felt like I wanted to make a change. And in retrospect, I would've been just as happy if I'd stayed at UVA. In my professional life, I would've been just as happy. I don't know in my personal life, because I wouldn't have met my partner, I don't think, if I'd been at UVA. But it's a marvelous place; everything about it is just absolutely superb.DL: Are you the managing partner of a boutique or midsize firm? If so, you know that your most important job is attracting and retaining top talent. It's not easy, especially if your benefits don't match up well with those of Biglaw firms or if your HR process feels “small time.” NexFirm has created an onboarding and benefits experience that rivals an Am Law 100 firm, so you can compete for the best talent at a price your firm can afford. Want to learn more? Contact NexFirm at 212-292-1002 or email betterbenefits at nexfirm dot com.So I do want to give you a chance to say nice things about your current place. I assume you have no regrets about moving to Stanford Law, even if you would've been just as happy at UVA?PK: I'm incredibly happy here. I've got great colleagues. I've got great students. The ability to do the clinic the way we do it, which is as a full-time clinic, wouldn't be true anywhere else in the country, and that makes a huge difference to that part of my work. I've gotten to teach around the curriculum. I've taught four of the six first-year courses, which is a great opportunityAnd as you said earlier, the weather is unbelievable. People downplay that, because especially for people who are Northeastern Ivy League types, there's a certain Calvinism about that, which is that you have to suffer in order to be truly working hard. People out here sometimes think we don't work hard because we are not visibly suffering. But it's actually the opposite, in a way. I'm looking out my window right now, and it's a gorgeous day. And if I were in the east and it were 75 degrees and sunny, I would find it hard to work because I'd think it's usually going to be hot and humid, or if it's in the winter, it's going to be cold and rainy. I love Yale, but the eight years I spent there, my nose ran the entire time I was there. And here I look out and I think, “It's beautiful, but you know what? It's going to be beautiful tomorrow. So I should sit here and finish grading my exams, or I should sit here and edit this article, or I should sit here and work on the Restatement—because it's going to be just as beautiful tomorrow.” And the ability to walk outside, to clear your head, makes a huge difference. People don't understand just how huge a difference that is, but it's huge.DL: That's so true. If you had me pick a color to associate with my time at YLS, I would say gray. It just felt like everything was always gray, the sky was always gray—not blue or sunny or what have you.But I know you've spent some time outside of Northern California, because you have done some stints at the Justice Department. Tell us about that, the times you went there—why did you go there? What type of work were you doing? And how did it relate to or complement your scholarly work?PK: At the beginning of the Obama administration, I had applied for a job in the Civil Rights Division as a deputy assistant attorney general (DAAG), and I didn't get it. And I thought, “Well, that's passed me by.” And a couple of years later, when they were looking for a new principal deputy solicitor general, in the summer of 2013, the civil-rights groups pushed me for that job. I got an interview with Eric Holder, and it was on June 11th, 2013, which just fortuitously happens to be the 50th anniversary of the day that Vivian Malone desegregated the University of Alabama—and Vivian Malone is the older sister of Sharon Malone, who is married to Eric Holder.So I went in for the interview and I said, “This must be an especially special day for you because of the 50th anniversary.” And we talked about that a little bit, and then we talked about other things. And I came out of the interview, and a couple of weeks later, Don Verrilli, who was the solicitor general, called me up and said, “Look, you're not going to get a job as the principal deputy”—which ultimately went to Ian Gershengorn, a phenomenal lawyer—“but Eric Holder really enjoyed talking to you, so we're going to look for something else for you to do here at the Department of Justice.”And a couple of weeks after that, Eric Holder called me and offered me the DAAG position in the Civil Rights Division and said, “We'd really like you to especially concentrate on our voting-rights litigation.” It was very important litigation, in part because the Supreme Court had recently struck down the pre-clearance regime under Section 5 [of the Voting Rights Act]. So the Justice Department was now bringing a bunch of lawsuits against things they could have blocked if Section 5 had been in effect, most notably the Texas voter ID law, which was a quite draconian voter ID law, and this omnibus bill in North Carolina that involved all sorts of cutbacks to opportunities to vote: a cutback on early voting, a cutback on same-day registration, a cutback on 16- and 17-year-olds pre-registering, and the like.So I went to the Department of Justice and worked with the Voting Section on those cases, but I also ended up working on things like getting the Justice Department to change its position on whether Title VII covered transgender individuals. And then I also got to work on the implementation of [United States v.] Windsor—which I had worked on, representing Edie Windsor, before I went to DOJ, because the Court had just decided Windsor [which held Section 3 of the Defense of Marriage Act unconstitutional]. So I had an opportunity to work on how to implement Windsor across the federal government. So that was the stuff I got to work on the first time I was at DOJ, and I also obviously worked on tons of other stuff, and it was phenomenal. I loved doing it.I did it for about 20 months, and then I came back to Stanford. It affected my teaching; I understood a lot of stuff quite differently having worked on it. It gave me some ideas on things I wanted to write about. And it just refreshed me in some ways. It's different than working in the clinic. I love working in the clinic, but you're working with students. You're working only with very, very junior lawyers. I sometimes think of the clinic as being a sort of Groundhog Day of first-year associates, and so I'm sort of senior partner and paralegal at a large law firm. At DOJ, you're working with subject-matter experts. The people in the Voting Section, collectively, had hundreds of years of experience with voting. The people in the Appellate Section had hundreds of years of experience with appellate litigation. And so it's just a very different feel.So I did that, and then I came back to Stanford. I was here, and in the fall of 2020, I was asked if I wanted to be one of the people on the Justice Department review team if Joe Biden won the election. These are sometimes referred to as the transition teams or the landing teams or the like. And I said, “I'd be delighted to do that.” They had me as one of the point people reviewing the Civil Rights Division. And I think it might've even been the Wednesday or Thursday before Inauguration Day 2021, I got a call from the liaison person on the transition team saying, “How would you like to go back to DOJ and be the principal deputy assistant attorney general in the Civil Rights Division?” That would mean essentially running the Division until we got a confirmed head, which took about five months. And I thought that this would be an amazing opportunity to go back to the DOJ and work with people I love, right at the beginning of an administration.And the beginning of an administration is really different than coming in midway through the second term of an administration. You're trying to come up with priorities, and I viewed my job really as helping the career people to do their best work. There were a huge number of career people who had gone through the first Trump administration, and they were raring to go. They had all sorts of ideas on stuff they wanted to do, and it was my job to facilitate that and make that possible for them. And that's why it's so tragic this time around that almost all of those people have left. The current administration first tried to transfer them all into Sanctuary Cities [the Sanctuary Cities Enforcement Working Group] or ask them to do things that they couldn't in good conscience do, and so they've retired or taken buyouts or just left.DL: It's remarkable, just the loss of expertise and experience at the Justice Department over these past few months.PK: Thousands of years of experience gone. And these are people, you've got to realize, who had been through the Nixon administration, the Reagan administration, both Bush administrations, and the first Trump administration, and they hadn't had any problem. That's what's so stunning: this is not just the normal shift in priorities, and they have gone out of their way to make it so hellacious for people that they will leave. And that's not something that either Democratic or Republican administrations have ever done before this.DL: And we will get to a lot of, shall we say, current events. Finishing up on just the discussion of your career, you had the opportunity to work in the executive branch—what about judicial service? You've been floated over the years as a possible Supreme Court nominee. I don't know if you ever looked into serving on the Ninth Circuit or were considered for that. What about judicial service?PK: So I've never been in a position, and part of this was a lesson I learned right at the beginning of my LDF career, when Lani Guinier, who was my boss at LDF, was nominated for the position of AAG [assistant attorney general] in the Civil Rights Division and got shot down. I knew from that time forward that if I did the things I really wanted to do, my chances of confirmation were not going to be very high. People at LDF used to joke that they would get me nominated so that I would take all the bullets, and then they'd sneak everybody else through. So I never really thought that I would have a shot at a judicial position, and that didn't bother me particularly. As you know, I gave the commencement speech many years ago at Stanford, and I said, “Would I want to be on the Supreme Court? You bet—but not enough to have trimmed my sails for an entire lifetime.”And I think that's right. Peter Baker did this story in The New York Times called something like, “Favorites of Left Don't Make Obama's Court List.” And in the story, Tommy Goldstein, who's a dear friend of mine, said, “If they wanted to talk about somebody who was a flaming liberal, they'd be talking about Pam Karlan, but nobody's talking about Pam Karlan.” And then I got this call from a friend of mine who said, “Yeah, but at least people are talking about how nobody's talking about you. Nobody's even talking about how nobody's talking about me.” And I was flattered, but not fooled.DL: That's funny; I read that piece in preparing for this interview. So let's say someone were to ask you, someone mid-career, “Hey, I've been pretty safe in the early years of my career, but now I'm at this juncture where I could do things that will possibly foreclose my judicial ambitions—should I just try to keep a lid on it, in the hope of making it?” It sounds like you would tell them to let their flag fly.PK: Here's the thing: your chances of getting to be on the Supreme Court, if that's what you're talking about, your chances are so low that the question is how much do you want to give up to go from a 0.001% chance to a 0.002% chance? Yes, you are doubling your chances, but your chances are not good. And there are some people who I think are capable of doing that, perhaps because they fit the zeitgeist enough that it's not a huge sacrifice for them. So it's not that I despise everybody who goes to the Supreme Court because they must obviously have all been super-careerists; I think lots of them weren't super-careerists in that way.Although it does worry me that six members of the Court now clerked at the Supreme Court—because when you are a law clerk, it gives you this feeling about the Court that maybe you don't want everybody who's on the Court to have, a feeling that this is the be-all and end-all of life and that getting a clerkship is a manifestation of an inner state of grace, so becoming a justice is equally a manifestation of an inner state of grace in which you are smarter than everybody else, wiser than everybody else, and everybody should kowtow to you in all sorts of ways. And I worry that people who are imprinted like ducklings on the Supreme Court when they're 25 or 26 or 27 might not be the best kind of portfolio of justices at the back end. The Court that decided Brown v. Board of Education—none of them, I think, had clerked at the Supreme Court, or maybe one of them had. They'd all done things with their lives other than try to get back to the Supreme Court. So I worry about that a little bit.DL: Speaking of the Court, let's turn to the Court, because it just finished its Term as we are recording this. As we started recording, they were still handing down the final decisions of the day.PK: Yes, the “R” numbers hadn't come up on the Supreme Court website when I signed off to come talk to you.DL: Exactly. So earlier this month, not today, but earlier this month, the Court handed down its decision in United States v. Skrmetti, reviewing Tennessee's ban on the use of hormones and puberty blockers for transgender youth. Were you surprised by the Court's ruling in Skrmetti?PK: No. I was not surprised.DL: So one of your most famous cases, which you litigated successfully five years ago or so, was Bostock v. Clayton County, in which the Court held that Title VII does apply to protect transgender individuals—and Bostock figures significantly in the Skrmetti opinions. Why were you surprised by Skrmetti given that you had won this victory in Bostock, which you could argue, in terms of just the logic of it, does carry over somewhat?PK: Well, I want to be very precise: I didn't actually litigate Bostock. There were three cases that were put together….DL: Oh yes—you handled Zarda.PK: I represented Don Zarda, who was a gay man, so I did not argue the transgender part of the case at all. Fortuitously enough, David Cole argued that part of the case, and David Cole was actually the first person I had dinner with as a freshman at Yale College, when I started college, because he was the roommate of somebody I debated against in high school. So David and I went to law school together, went to college together, and had classes together. We've been friends now for almost 50 years, which is scary—I think for 48 years we've been friends—and he argued that part of the case.So here's what surprised me about what the Supreme Court did in Skrmetti. Given where the Court wanted to come out, the more intellectually honest way to get there would've been to say, “Yes, of course this is because of sex; there is sex discrimination going on here. But even applying intermediate scrutiny, we think that Tennessee's law should survive intermediate scrutiny.” That would've been an intellectually honest way to get to where the Court got.Instead, they did this weird sort of, “Well, the word ‘sex' isn't in the Fourteenth Amendment, but it's in Title VII.” But that makes no sense at all, because for none of the sex-discrimination cases that the Court has decided under the Fourteenth Amendment did the word “sex” appear in the Fourteenth Amendment. It's not like the word “sex” was in there and then all of a sudden it took a powder and left. So I thought that was a really disingenuous way of getting to where the Court wanted to go. But I was not surprised after the oral argument that the Court was going to get to where it got on the bottom line.DL: I'm curious, though, rewinding to Bostock and Zarda, were you surprised by how the Court came out in those cases? Because it was still a deeply conservative Court back then.PK: No, I was not surprised. I was not surprised, both because I thought we had so much the better of the argument and because at the oral argument, it seemed pretty clear that we had at least six justices, and those were the six justices we had at the end of the day. The thing that was interesting to me about Bostock was I thought also that we were likely to win for the following weird legal-realist reason, which is that this was a case that would allow the justices who claimed to be textualists to show that they were principled textualists, by doing something that they might not have voted for if they were in Congress or the like.And also, while the impact was really large in one sense, the impact was not really large in another sense: most American workers are protected by Title VII, but most American employers do not discriminate, and didn't discriminate even before this, on the basis of sexual orientation or on the basis of gender identity. For example, in Zarda's case, the employer denied that they had fired Mr. Zarda because he was gay; they said, “We fired him for other reasons.”Very few employers had a formal policy that said, “We discriminate on the basis of sexual orientation.” And although most American workers are protected by Title VII, most American employers are not covered by Title VII—and that's because small employers, employers with fewer than 15 full-time employees, are not covered at all. And religious employers have all sorts of exemptions and the like, so for the people who had the biggest objection to hiring or promoting or retaining gay or transgender employees, this case wasn't going to change what happened to them at all. So the impact was really important for workers, but not deeply intrusive on employers generally. So I thought those two things, taken together, meant that we had a pretty good argument.I actually thought our textual argument was not our best argument, but it was the one that they were most likely to buy. So it was really interesting: we made a bunch of different arguments in the brief, and then as soon as I got up to argue, the first question out of the box was Justice Ginsburg saying, “Well, in 1964, homosexuality was illegal in most of the country—how could this be?” And that's when I realized, “Okay, she's just telling me to talk about the text, don't talk about anything else.”So I just talked about the text the whole time. But as you may remember from the argument, there was this weird moment, which came after I answered her question and one other one, there was this kind of silence from the justices. And I just said, “Well, if you don't have any more questions, I'll reserve the remainder of my time.” And it went well; it went well as an argument.DL: On the flip side, speaking of things that are not going so well, let's turn to current events. Zooming up to a higher level of generality than Skrmetti, you are a leading scholar of constitutional law, so here's the question. I know you've already been interviewed about it by media outlets, but let me ask you again, in light of just the latest, latest, latest news: are we in a constitutional crisis in the United States?PK: I think we're in a period of great constitutional danger. I don't know what a “constitutional crisis” is. Some people think the constitutional crisis is that we have an executive branch that doesn't believe in the Constitution, right? So you have Donald Trump asked, in an interview, “Do you have to comply with the Constitution?” He says, “I don't know.” Or he says, “I have an Article II that gives me the power to do whatever I want”—which is not what Article II says. If you want to be a textualist, it does not say the president can do whatever he wants. So you have an executive branch that really does not have a commitment to the Constitution as it has been understood up until now—that is, limited government, separation of powers, respect for individual rights. With this administration, none of that's there. And I don't know whether Emil Bove did say, “F**k the courts,” or not, but they're certainly acting as if that's their attitude.So yes, in that sense, we're in a period of constitutional danger. And then on top of that, I think we have a Supreme Court that is acting almost as if this is a normal administration with normal stuff, a Court that doesn't seem to recognize what district judges appointed by every president since George H.W. Bush or maybe even Reagan have recognized, which is, “This is not normal.” What the administration is trying to do is not normal, and it has to be stopped. So that worries me, that the Supreme Court is acting as if it needs to keep its powder dry—and for what, I'm not clear.If they think that by giving in and giving in, and prevaricating and putting things off... today, I thought the example of this was in the birthright citizenship/universal injunction case. One of the groups of plaintiffs that's up there is a bunch of states, around 23 states, and the Supreme Court in Justice Barrett's opinion says, “Well, maybe the states have standing, maybe they don't. And maybe if they have standing, you can enjoin this all in those states. We leave this all for remind.”They've sat on this for months. It's ridiculous that the Supreme Court doesn't “man up,” essentially, and decide these things. It really worries me quite a bit that the Supreme Court just seems completely blind to the fact that in 2024, they gave Donald Trump complete criminal immunity from any prosecution, so who's going to hold him accountable? Not criminally accountable, not accountable in damages—and now the Supreme Court seems not particularly interested in holding him accountable either.DL: Let me play devil's advocate. Here's my theory on why the Court does seem to be holding its fire: they're afraid of a worse outcome, which is, essentially, “The emperor has no clothes.”Say they draw this line in the sand for Trump, and then Trump just crosses it. And as we all know from that famous quote from The Federalist Papers, the Court has neither force nor will, but only judgment. That's worse, isn't it? If suddenly it's exposed that the Court doesn't have any army, any way to stop Trump? And then the courts have no power.PK: I actually think it's the opposite, which is, I think if the Court said to Donald Trump, “You must do X,” and then he defies it, you would have people in the streets. You would have real deep resistance—not just the “No Kings,” one-day march, but deep resistance. And there are scholars who've done comparative law who say, “When 3 percent of the people in a country go to the streets, you get real change.” And I think the Supreme Court is mistaking that.I taught a reading group for our first-years here. We have reading groups where you meet four times during the fall for dinner, and you read stuff that makes you think. And my reading group was called “Exit, Voice, and Loyalty,” and it started with the Albert Hirschman book with that title.DL: Great book.PK: It's a great book. And I gave them some excerpt from that, and I gave them an essay by Hannah Arendt called “Personal Responsibility Under Dictatorship,” which she wrote in 1964. And one of the things she says there is she talks about people who stayed in the German regime, on the theory that they would prevent at least worse things from happening. And I'm going to paraphrase slightly, but what she says is, “People who think that what they're doing is getting the lesser evil quickly forget that what they're choosing is evil.” And if the Supreme Court decides, “We're not going to tell Donald Trump ‘no,' because if we tell him no and he goes ahead, we will be exposed,” what they have basically done is said to Donald Trump, “Do whatever you want; we're not going to stop you.” And that will lose the Supreme Court more credibility over time than Donald Trump defying them once and facing some serious backlash for doing it.DL: So let me ask you one final question before we go to my little speed round. That 3 percent statistic is fascinating, by the way, but it resonates for me. My family's originally from the Philippines, and you probably had the 3 percent out there in the streets to oust Marcos in 1986.But let me ask you this. We now live in a nation where Donald Trump won not just the Electoral College, but the popular vote. We do see a lot of ugly things out there, whether in social media or incidents of violence or what have you. You still have enough faith in the American people that if the Supreme Court drew that line, and Donald Trump crossed it, and maybe this happened a couple of times, even—you still have faith that there will be that 3 percent or what have you in the streets?PK: I have hope, which is not quite the same thing as faith, obviously, but I have hope that some Republicans in Congress would grow a spine at that point, and people would say, “This is not right.” Have they always done that? No. We've had bad things happen in the past, and people have not done anything about it. But I think that the alternative of just saying, “Well, since we might not be able to stop him, we shouldn't do anything about it,” while he guts the federal government, sends masked people onto the streets, tries to take the military into domestic law enforcement—I think we have to do something.And this is what's so enraging in some ways: the district court judges in this country are doing their job. They are enjoining stuff. They're not enjoining everything, because not everything can be enjoined, and not everything is illegal; there's a lot of bad stuff Donald Trump is doing that he's totally entitled to do. But the district courts are doing their job, and they're doing their job while people are sending pizza boxes to their houses and sending them threats, and the president is tweeting about them or whatever you call the posts on Truth Social. They're doing their job—and the Supreme Court needs to do its job too. It needs to stand up for district judges. If it's not willing to stand up for the rest of us, you'd think they'd at least stand up for their entire judicial branch.DL: Turning to my speed round, my first question is, what do you like the least about the law? And this can either be the practice of law or law as a more abstract system of ordering human affairs.PK: What I liked least about it was having to deal with opposing counsel in discovery. That drove me to appellate litigation.DL: Exactly—where your request for an extension is almost always agreed to by the other side.PK: Yes, and where the record is the record.DL: Yes, exactly. My second question, is what would you be if you were not a lawyer and/or law professor?PK: Oh, they asked me this question for a thing here at Stanford, and it was like, if I couldn't be a lawyer, I'd... And I just said, “I'd sit in my room and cry.”DL: Okay!PK: I don't know—this is what my talent is!DL: You don't want to write a novel or something?PK: No. What I would really like to do is I would like to bike the Freedom Trail, which is a trail that starts in Montgomery, Alabama, and goes to the Canadian border, following the Underground Railroad. I've always wanted to bike that. But I guess that's not a career. I bike slowly enough that it could be a career, at this point—but earlier on, probably not.DL: My third question is, how much sleep do you get each night?PK: I now get around six hours of sleep each night, but it's complicated by the following, which is when I worked at the Department of Justice the second time, it was during Covid, so I actually worked remotely from California. And what that required me to do was essentially to wake up every morning at 4 a.m., 7 a.m. on the East Coast, so I could have breakfast, read the paper, and be ready to go by 5:30 a.m.I've been unable to get off of that, so I still wake up before dawn every morning. And I spent three months in Florence, and I thought the jet lag would bring me out of this—not in the slightest. Within two weeks, I was waking up at 4:30 a.m. Central European Time. So that's why I get about six hours, because I can't really go to bed before 9 or 10 p.m.DL: Well, I was struck by your being able to do this podcast fairly early West Coast time.PK: Oh no, this is the third thing I've done this morning! I had a 6:30 a.m. conference call.DL: Oh my gosh, wow. It reminds me of that saying about how you get more done in the Army before X hour than other people get done in a day.My last question, is any final words of wisdom, such as career advice or life advice, for my listeners?PK: Yes: do what you love, with people you love doing it with.DL: Well said. I've loved doing this podcast—Professor Karlan, thanks again for joining me.PK: You should start calling me Pam. We've had this same discussion….DL: We're on the air! Okay, well, thanks again, Pam—I'm so grateful to you for joining me.PK: Thanks for having me.DL: Thanks so much to Professor Karlan for joining me. Whether or not you agree with her views, you can't deny that she's both insightful and honest—qualities that have made her a leading legal academic and lawyer, but also a great podcast guest.Thanks to NexFirm for sponsoring the Original Jurisdiction podcast. NexFirm has helped many attorneys to leave Biglaw and launch firms of their own. To explore this opportunity, please contact NexFirm at 212-292-1000 or email careerdevelopment at nexfirm dot com to learn more.Thanks to Tommy Harron, my sound engineer here at Original Jurisdiction, and thanks to you, my listeners and readers. To connect with me, please email me at davidlat at Substack dot com, or find me on Twitter, Facebook, and LinkedIn, at davidlat, and on Instagram and Threads at davidbenjaminlat.If you enjoyed today's episode, please rate, review, and subscribe. Please subscribe to the Original Jurisdiction newsletter if you don't already, over at davidlat dot substack dot com. This podcast is free, but it's made possible by paid subscriptions to the newsletter.The next episode should appear on or about Wednesday, July 23. Until then, may your thinking be original and your jurisdiction free of defects. This is a public episode. If you'd like to discuss this with other subscribers or get access to bonus episodes, visit davidlat.substack.com/subscribe

On today's episode, Andy and DJ are joined in the studio by 1st Phorm Elite Athlete Ryan Hardwick, who is best known for his victories at the 24 Hour Le Mans, Rolex 24 at Daytona, and the 12 Hour Sebring. They dive deep into Ryan's early life and the path that led him to become a professional race car driver, his entrepreneurial journey that paralleled Andy's, and what it truly took to win the 24 Le Mans this year.

On Monday's show: The U.S. Supreme Court's latest term ended Friday. We recap the session and discuss what the rulings might mean for Texas and Houston with the help of law professor Charles “Rocky” Rhodes.Also this hour: On this date in 1986, the U.S. Supreme Court issued its ruling in Bowers v. Hardwick, saying states could criminalize gay sex between consenting adults. In 2003, the decision in Lawrence v. Texas overturned that. We revisit a 2023 conversation with Mitchell Katine, the local attorney for the plaintiffs in the Lawrence case who spoke with us on the 20th anniversary of that ruling.Then, recent incidents, such as the murder of a Minnesota state lawmaker and her husband and the forcible removal of Sen. Alex Padilla from a press conference, might lead us to believe political vitriol and discord have reached unprecedented heights. But that's not necessarily true. Author Zaakir Tameez joins us to discuss his new biography of Charles Sumner, an abolitionist senator nearly beaten to death for opposing slavery and what it can tell us about our political climate today.And Jeff Balke joins us to assess the first half of the Astros' season.

Melbourne's Max Gawn spoke to Mick In The Morning ahead of Round 16 - talking trip to Gold Coast, Dimma fined for giving the bird, why Carlton players need to support Michael Voss, and Roo on the catwalk!See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

The story of Hardwick, Vermont, a hamlet in the state's poorest region, is a case study in what it means for a food system to truly “go local” in a world that has leaned on a global supply chain that's now under threat. Today's stories also include a family caught in the Oct. 7 Hamas attack documenting its journey, Coco Gauff finding redemption in Paris, and political parties that were once rivals leading South Africa together. Join the Monitor's Clay Collins for today's news.

This week, I am SO excited to share a conversation that I had with Marty Padgett about this new book, The Many Passions of Michael Hardwick: Sex and the Supreme Court in the Age of AIDS. Sodomy laws had been used to discriminate against queer people for centuries, but in 1986, the US Supreme Court ruled that the constitution did not guarantee a person the right to engage in homosexual conduct, even in the privacy of their own home. The case began with the arrest of Michael Hardwick and happened right here in Atlanta! A Night at the Sweet Gum Head https://martinpadgett.com   Want to support this podcast? Visit here Email: thevictorialemos@gmail.com Facebook | Instagram 

In this deeply moving and insight-rich episode of Gratitude Through Hard Times, host Chris Schembra welcomes Sara Hardwick, the Community Relationship Strategist at the Gift•ology Group and steward of the late John Ruhlin's enduring legacy. What begins as a conversation about gifting quickly unfolds into a masterclass in human connection, spiritual resilience, and the transformative power of long-game generosity.Sara shares her unexpected journey into this world of relational marketing—how a nudge from her college roommate and a single Google search led her to John's work, and how her bold outreach blossomed into a mentorship, a career, and a calling. Chris and Sara reflect on how the principles of Beyond Gift•ology are not just business strategies—they're spiritual frameworks for living well, loving deeply, and leading with purpose.The episode pays tribute to John Ruhlin, a father, husband, and business visionary who turned gifting into an art form and relationship-building into an enterprise. John passed away in 2024, but his wisdom—"Relationships can take you places marketing can't"—lives on in the systems, stories, and spirit that Sara now helps shepherd to the world.Together, Chris and Sara unpack practical strategies from Beyond Gift•ology: how to build a business based on Return on Relationship (ROR), how to gift without branding or ego, and how to become what Adam Grant calls a “strategic giver”—someone who gives generously and wisely without burning out.They explore the nuances between swag and soul, between a gift that gathers dust and a gift that transforms a relationship, and between a one-off act of kindness and a lifestyle of sustained generosity. Sara also speaks vulnerably about her faith journey, how her relationship with God guides her every decision, and how grief, gratitude, and giving are all connected.Chris draws parallels between his own work at the dinner table and John's commitment to elevating relationships through thoughtful gestures. They explore how tiny, consistent acts—handwritten notes, engraved knives, warm introductions—create ripple effects that build not just revenue, but legacy.Whether you're a founder, a sales leader, a service-based professional, or simply someone who wants to live more intentionally in your relationships, this episode offers a generous mix of soul and strategy. It's a reminder that business doesn't have to be cold, marketing doesn't have to be manipulative, and giving—when done well—can be your greatest competitive edge.What You'll Hear in This Episode➤ A Powerful Opening TributeChris opens with a personal story of how a 20-minute call with John Ruhlin in 2017 changed his life. That call turned into a two-and-a-half-hour conversation, a lasting mentorship, and the permission to go “all-in” on human connection.➤ Sara's Origin Story: From College Gifting Club to Gift•ology LeaderYou'll hear how Sara's best friend Chloe encouraged her to Google “gift giving company”—a search that led to John Ruhlin's work and, eventually, to Sara founding the internet's largest gifting community while still in college.➤ The Long Game of Generosity: ROR > ROISara and Chris dive deep into the difference between Return on Investment (ROI) and Return on Relationships (ROR). Sara explains why short-term thinking in business keeps us stuck—and how giving first, without expecting anything in return, can actually become your greatest long-term growth engine.➤ Gifting as Strategy, Not SwagSara outlines the key rules of strategic gifting:It's not about you—it's about the recipient. No logos, ever. Personalize for their life, not your brand. Love on the inner circle—spouses, kids, even the family dog. Focus on “practical luxuries” that create 5,475+ moments of thoughtfulness over time.➤ The Rise of the Rich Relationship SocietySara introduces the R.I.C.H. framework:Reciprocal Influential Connected HumbleShe shares how this system is designed to help entrepreneurs and service-based professionals build referral-based businesses rooted in trust, warmth, and mutual growth.➤ Jesus, Dinner Parties, and the Divine Power of a KnifeIn one of the most personal moments, Sara credits her faith—and specifically, her renewed relationship with Jesus—as the compass guiding her work. They connect the dots between Jesus' Last Supper, dinner tables as sacred community spaces, and how something as simple as a personalized kitchen knife can become a legacy of love.➤ Beyond the Business Tactic: Legacy as the Ultimate ROIThe episode closes with a powerful reminder: while gifting is a strategy, true generosity is a posture of the heart. Sara shares that she's not just playing for business success—she's playing for eternity. Key TakeawaysGenerosity isn't a transaction—it's a transformation. Strategic gifting isn't about getting something back immediately. It's about creating meaningful moments that compound over time.Your swag isn't a gift—it's a billboard. The most powerful gifts are useful, personal, and logo-free.Business is human-to-human. In a world overrun with AI, algorithms, and advertising, it's the relationships built at your dinner table—not your Instagram grid—that truly move the needle.Legacy is built in the little things. A handwritten note. A kitchen knife. A prayer. A hug. These are the moments people remember. Links & ResourcesBeyond Gift•ology by John Ruhlin – Buy the bookLearn more about the Rich Relationship Society – giftologygroup.comContact Sara Hardwick – sara@giftologygroup.comConnect with Sara on LinkedIn – linkedin.com/in/sarahardwickGiftology (Original Book) – Buy here

In this episode of The Mike Litton Experience, we're joined by the incredible Sara Hardwick, a true innovator in the world of relationship-building and referral-based business. Sara shares her insights on how to create authentic connections that go beyond transactions and foster long-lasting partnerships. Through her experience, Sara emphasizes the power of thoughtful communication, personal […]

This was the inaugural year of Hardwick State, a weekend long university in Hardwick, Vermont, organized by the Civic Standard, and designed to take place during the awfulest time of the year. People from around Hardwick become professors and students. Classes are free, and everyone's welcome to teach at Hardwick State. Maybe you teach something you do in your regular job. Maybe it's just something you're good at. Maybe it's something you're not very good at but you love it and you're better than most.Here are some highlights from Hardwick State.  Visit the Civic StandardPhotos by Terry J. Allen. For a steady stream of great photos and essays, visit Terry's substack here. It's free.

Sheriff Rob Hardwick is in studio this morning! We have a lot to talk about with him including a discussion about mental health.

In this final installment of the life of Mary, Queen of Scots, we follow Mary's flight from Scotland into England, the domain of her cousin, Queen Elizabeth, in 1568. Historians believe that Mary thought - or at least hoped - that her cousin would assist in returning her to the throne in Scotland, but instead, Mary and her retinue would spend a strange decade and a half imprisoned - in some of the finest homes in England. In the custody of the Earl of Shrewsbury and his wife, Bess of Hardwick, Mary gradually became a unifying figure for English Catholics chafing under the rule of a Protestant queen. A prolific letter writer throughout her time in the custody of Elizabeth, she became enmeshed in the Babington Plot to assassinate her cousin in 1586. She was convicted at trial and sentenced to death; a situation that Elizabeth struggled with. She feared the precedent it set and certainly the impacts on her conscience and her relations with James VI of Scotland, Mary's son and Elizabeth's eventual successor, but in the end, she signed the death warrant of her cousin. Mary, Queen of Scots, one-time Queen of France, and aspirant to the English throne, was executed by beheading on February 8, 1587. Listen ad-free at patreon.com/trashyroyalspodcast. To advertise on this podcast, reach out to info@amplitudemediapartners.com. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

We may be in transplant territory because there are too many pieces of our shattered purple hearts for another band-aid to hold it all together. Time to somehow Restump Podcast that depressing and demoralising Docker performance.In the context of when being in possession of supposed competent and talented lists, it was as incomprehensible a performance as we have ever delivered in our 30+ year history. There is no sugar coating it, spinning it or dismissing it, you simply can't imagine how it could get worse. In fact, you can't even take that ironic positive because, in the most unfathomable manner, we continue to find ways of lowering the bar.We take two steps forward; we take two steps back! What are we a team of Paula Abduls? Framing every second week as redemption round isn't sustainable or conducive to progress. There is something fundamentally wrong at the club that no one seems to be able to definitively put their finger on. But on the back of expectation and a specific strategic plan conveyed by the club, fans and members understandably are outraged and, reactionary or otherwise, have coach Justin Longmuir in the gun. Neesham, Drum, Connolly, Harvey and now Longmuir. We've been in the competition for 30 years and the cause of every crisis has apparently been the coach. How's that worked out for us?There is no doubt Justin Longmuir now finds himself under a level of pressure few could ever conceive but, after such a performance there shouldn't be anyone at the club not looking inward. However, while emotions run high, it would be remiss of everyone to not remember Damian Hardwick being under comparable pressure in 2016. After being in the top job at Tigerland for 7 years, the Tiges finished 13th with 8 wins and that came off the back of an elimination final loss the previous year. It had Richmond fans, members and the media calling for his head. The board responded by backing in their process and they double downed on Hardwick. We all know what happened over the next 4 years. Are the two situations comparable? Those who have made up their mind on JL will say no, and that is their prerogative. Whether we like to acknowledge it or not, us fans are victims of the overrating of our list at the time by the Fremantle administration. They were far too optimistic with their projections with such a young side, which remains the case. In 2022 we had an average age list of 24.1 years. Four years later we have an average age list of 24.5 years. However, despite the reality, it's an emotional game and many fans, irrational or otherwise, now don't contemplate reasoning other than the coach is entirely to blame. And that is understandable given the Fremantle football club put it all out there in 2022. We preach accountability, don't we? It will be interesting and very telling, how Simon Garlic handles this situation.Everything about footy is subjective. The validity of our opinions today is determined only by time.Does any of this ease the onset depression we're all suffering from Friday night? Probably not. No stranger to adversary, but the club is in a deeper hole than it usually finds itself in. The problem is the only way out is to climb a ladder! We don't know where we go from here, but if our venting and ranting provides some type of vicarious frustration outlet on the pod… you're welcome. Send us a textSupport the show

Erie County Comptroller Kevin Hardwick on the fire at Paul William Beltz building downtown full 222 Thu, 01 May 2025 18:09:37 +0000 pOYu3RNYWzBWES7EptFPEW0cn9hIrc9Q news & politics,news WBEN Extras news & politics,news Erie County Comptroller Kevin Hardwick on the fire at Paul William Beltz building downtown Archive of various reports and news events 2024 © 2021 Audacy, Inc. News & Politics News False ht

MDJ Script/ Top Stories for April 30th Publish Date:  April 30th    Commercial: From the BG Ad Group Studio, Welcome to the Marietta Daily Journal Podcast.    Today is Wednesday, April 30th and Happy Birthday to Isiah Thomas ***04.30.25 - BIRTHDAY – ISIAH THOMAS*** I’m Keith Ippolito and here are the stories Cobb is talking about, presented by Times Journal Sheffield Sails to Victory in South Cobb Commission Race Murph's Restaurant to Close for Galleria Remodel, Future Uncertain Cobb EMC Directors Look Back on Scandal, Discuss Looming Term Limits All of this and more is coming up on the Marietta Daily Journal Podcast, and if you are looking for community news, we encourage you to listen and subscribe!  BREAK: TIDWELL TREES_FINAL STORY 1: UPDATE: Sheffield Sails to Victory in South Cobb Commission Race Incumbent Commissioner Monique Sheffield secured a decisive victory over Republican challenger Matthew Hardwick, winning 64.46% of the vote to Hardwick's 35.54%, ensuring south Cobb's District 4 remains under Democratic representation. Sheffield, first elected in 2020, celebrated the win at her Mableton home and emphasized her commitment to serving all constituents, regardless of party affiliation. Her victory, alongside Democrat Erick Allen's in District 2, restores the Cobb County Commission's Democratic majority. Hardwick, the first Republican to run for the seat in years, narrowed Sheffield's early voting lead but fell short. Sheffield's next term will focus on health and wellness in her district. STORY 2: Murph's Restaurant to Close for Galleria Remodel, Future Uncertain The future of Murph’s, a restaurant and bar opened by Braves legend Dale Murphy in 2017, is uncertain as the Cobb Galleria Centre undergoes a major remodel. The Galleria’s renovation, set to begin this fall, includes demolishing the space where Murph’s is located. Initially assured they’d be part of the remodel, the Murphys were recently informed their restaurant is no longer in the plans. Despite strong community support and success, Murph’s is set to close in August. The Murphys hope to negotiate a solution in an upcoming meeting with Galleria management but are also exploring other location options near Truist Park. STORY 3: Cobb EMC Directors Look Back on Scandal, Discuss Looming Term Limits Cobb EMC has rebounded from a decade of scandal under former CEO Dwight Brown, who was accused of self-dealing and mismanagement, leaving the co-op in financial turmoil. Since then, a new board elected in 2011-2012 has transformed the organization, achieving some of the lowest electric rates in Georgia and top national reliability. However, term limits approved in 2012 mean the entire board will be replaced between 2026 and 2028, raising concerns about the loss of institutional knowledge. While directors support term limits, some suggest staggering turnover to ease transitions. The co-op remains in strong standing, with members set to elect new leadership in the coming years. We have opportunities for sponsors to get great engagement on these shows. Call 770.799.6810 for more info.   We’ll be right back. Break: INGLES 1 STORY 4: UPDATE: Erick Allen Wins Cobb District 2 Seat, Restores Democratic Majority on Commission Democrat Erick Allen has won the vacant District 2 seat on the Cobb County Board of Commissioners, securing 58.6% of the vote against Republican Alicia Adams' 41.4%. Allen's victory, alongside Monique Sheffield's projected win, restores the board's Democratic majority. The District 2 seat was vacated in February after Jerica Richardson's removal due to a redistricting battle. Allen emphasized unity in his victory speech, pledging to bring the fractured district together. Adams, despite her loss, highlighted her campaign's focus on giving a voice to underrepresented constituents. Allen's leadership is expected to strengthen collaboration across the county and state levels. STORY 5: 'Apples and Dump Trucks': Cobb Schools Approves Band Loan, New Scoreboard Cobb Superintendent Chris Ragsdale defended the district’s processes after approving a $50,000 loan for Pebblebrook High School’s band uniforms and a $439,497 privately funded scoreboard for Walton High. The Pebblebrook loan, to be repaid over five years, is one of the few exceptions the district makes for extracurricular funding. Walton’s scoreboard, funded by private donations, required board approval due to its cost exceeding $200,000. Ragsdale emphasized that all projects, regardless of funding source, must follow district procedures. Board members highlighted the importance of supporting programs like Pebblebrook’s large, nationally recognized band while maintaining clear policies for funding and approvals. Break: TIDWELL TREES_FINAL STORY 6: Head of North Cobb Christian Renews 4-Year Contract Todd Clingman, head of North Cobb Christian School in Kennesaw, has renewed his contract for another four years, extending his tenure to 22 years. Clingman, who joined the 55-acre private Christian school in 2007, has been praised by Board President Todd Rainwater for his mission-driven leadership and transformative impact on the school’s community and campus. The board expressed gratitude for Clingman’s dedication to the school’s vision and values, celebrating his continued leadership as he prepares for his 18th year in the role. STORY 7: Marietta Resident Receives Outstanding Master’s Student Award Claire Warner of Marietta was honored with the Outstanding Master's Student Award from Georgia State University's College of Education & Human Development during the spring 2025 Honors Day Ceremony. The award recognizes her exceptional scholarship and clinical service in the communication sciences and disorders master's program. We’ll have closing comments after this. Break: TOP TECH_FINAL Signoff-   Thanks again for hanging out with us on today’s Marietta Daily Journal Podcast. If you enjoy these shows, we encourage you to check out our other offerings, like the Cherokee Tribune Ledger Podcast, the Marietta Daily Journal, or the Community Podcast for Rockdale Newton and Morgan Counties. Read more about all our stories and get other great content at www.mdjonline.com Did you know over 50% of Americans listen to podcasts weekly? Giving you important news about our community and telling great stories are what we do. Make sure you join us for our next episode and be sure to share this podcast on social media with your friends and family. Add us to your Alexa Flash Briefing or your Google Home Briefing and be sure to like, follow, and subscribe wherever you get your podcasts. Produced by the BG Podcast Network Show Sponsors: www.ingles-markets.com tidwelltrees.com toptechmech.com #NewsPodcast #CurrentEvents #TopHeadlines #BreakingNews #PodcastDiscussion #PodcastNews #InDepthAnalysis #NewsAnalysis #PodcastTrending #WorldNews #LocalNews #GlobalNews #PodcastInsights #NewsBrief #PodcastUpdate #NewsRoundup #WeeklyNews #DailyNews #PodcastInterviews #HotTopics #PodcastOpinions #InvestigativeJournalism #BehindTheHeadlines #PodcastMedia #NewsStories #PodcastReports #JournalismMatters #PodcastPerspectives #NewsCommentary #PodcastListeners #NewsPodcastCommunity #NewsSource #PodcastCuration #WorldAffairs #PodcastUpdates #AudioNews #PodcastJournalism #EmergingStories #NewsFlash #PodcastConversations See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

During this episode I chat with Lou Hardwick, a single mother and folk herbalist based on Gumbayniggir country on the mid-north coast of New South Wales. Lou's herbal creations focus on whole-plant, hand made remedies. She orients her offerings, and by extension her business, to the process of making itself. It's the presence and interaction with the plants and the process of creating that provides her with a powerful sense of self as well as the inspiration to share her love of this ever-evolving relationship with her community. She aims to empower others to lean into their plant curiosities by positioning themselves as the expert in their own senses and experiences while providing inspiration to take that first or next imperfect step towards working with plants in a way that savours both a sense of humour and reverence. In this podcast, Lou reflects on how even though small and consistent acts of self-care can be incredibly powerful, that in her experience its been the bigger yet fundamental decisions and life changes that have been her truest acts of self-care. In her story, it has been the hardest and most challenging turning points in her life that revealed the path to herbalism. Late last year Lou launched her first online education offering ‘Potent Herbal Oils' to great success, quickly transforming herbal infused oil making practices and results across her community.**SHOW NOTES**Lou shares some of her favourite teachers, including: Kami McBride- connect with Kami hereJacqui Bushell- connect with Jacqui here**CONNECT**Lou's Potent Herbal Oils Workshop is available to join at any time hereYou can get your hands on Lou's divine hand crafted herbal folk remedies hereYou can connect with JESS via instagram and facebook here and here,  join her newsletter community here, buy her handmade herbal products here or book an appointment here.**BUY ME A CUPPA**If you liked the episode and want more, a cuppa fuels my work and time, which is given for free. Leave a comment and a few bucks here: https://buymeacoffee.com/theeldertree**THE ELDER TREE TROVE PATREON COMMUNITY**You can join our Patreon ⁠⁠here⁠⁠ and gain a deeper connection to our podcast. Pay only $2 per week to have access to bonus and often exclusive resources and opportunities- plus support the Elder tree at the same time! To find out more about The Elder Tree visit the website at ⁠www.theeldertree.org⁠ and donate to the crowdfunding campaign ⁠here⁠.You can also follow The Elder Tree on ⁠Facebook⁠ and ⁠Instagram⁠ and ⁠sign up to the newsletter⁠.Find out more about this podcast and the presenters ⁠here⁠. Get in touch with The Elder Tree at:  ⁠asktheeldertree@gmail.com⁠The intro and outro song is "⁠Sing for the Earth⁠" and was kindly donated by Chad Wilkins.  You can find Chad's music ⁠here⁠ and ⁠here⁠.

Former Premier Jeff Kennett speaks with Tom Elliott. See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

This episode celebrates the game-changing relationship-building strategy former Elevate Podcast guest John Ruhlin and his Giftology team pioneered. Representing Giftology in this episode is Sara Hardwick. Sara is the Community Relationship Strategist at Giftology. She also leads the RICH Relationship Society, and educational membership designed to revolutionize referral-based business practices. Sara's experience building relationship-driven communities began in college, where she built the internet's largest gifting community as a student at UNC. Special Thanks to the Sponsors of the Elevate Podcast Found: Try Found for FREE at Found.com/elevate Shopify: Sign up for your $1/month trial period at shopify.com/elevate Indeed: Get a $75 sponsored job credit to boost your job's visibility at Indeed.com/elevate. NPM Tech Unheard Podcast: Tune into Tech Unheard from Arm and NPM—wherever you get your podcasts. Northwest Registered Agent: Don't wait—protect your privacy, build your brand, and set up your business in just 10 clicks and 10 minutes! Visit https://northwestregisteredagent.com/elevate today. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Leia and Josh are joined by new guest Tim Hardwick to talk the 2006 story Spider-Man Reign! An alternate future sees an old Peter Parker in his new quest to save New York - also includes THAT SCENE. If you don't know what we're talking about, come find out!

Caroline Wilson has called out Gold Coast Suns head coach Damien Hardwick for his dig at Victorian Premier Jacinta Allan after their loss to Richmond on Saturday night.See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Sheriff Hardwick in studio and we're talking Florida man losing his damn mind by 904 Now

Erie County Comptroller Kevin Hardwick on concerns of lower sales tax revenue because of fewer Canadian visitors full 243 Thu, 10 Apr 2025 07:50:00 +0000 R1VRzxwBwAxIe5tOyal6VaRDFkas27cF news WBEN Extras news Erie County Comptroller Kevin Hardwick on concerns of lower sales tax revenue because of fewer Canadian visitors Archive of various reports and news events 2024 © 2021 Audacy, Inc. News False

Superpowers for Good should not be considered investment advice. Seek counsel before making investment decisions. When you purchase an item, launch a campaign or create an investment account after clicking a link here, we may earn a fee. Engage to support our work.Watch the show on television by downloading the e360tv channel app to your Roku, AppleTV or AmazonFireTV. You can also see it on YouTube.Has your business been impacted by the recent fires? Apply now for a chance to receive one of 10 free tickets to SuperCrowdLA on May 2nd and 3rd and gain the tools to rebuild and grow!Devin: What is your superpower?Sarah: Building community and starting movements based on values.Equity crowdfunding is reshaping the investment landscape, breaking down barriers to capital and empowering underrepresented entrepreneurs. Sarah Hardwick, an entrepreneur and expert in equity crowdfunding, is at the forefront of this movement, leveraging her expertise to make investing more accessible to all.Sarah understands firsthand the challenges entrepreneurs face in securing funding. “Traditional fundraising methods often exclude a vast majority of small business owners,” she said. “Equity crowdfunding provides a way for everyday investors to support businesses they believe in while giving founders a viable alternative to venture capital.”Through her work with The Crowd, Sarah helps businesses navigate the complexities of launching successful crowdfunding campaigns. She emphasizes that equity crowdfunding is not just about raising money—it's about building a community of engaged supporters who become brand ambassadors. “When people invest, they feel a sense of ownership. They want to see the business succeed, and they help spread the word,” she explained.Sarah highlighted the importance of transparency and storytelling in crowdfunding. A compelling narrative can make the difference between a successful campaign and one that struggles to gain traction. “Investors connect with authenticity. They want to know who they're backing, why the business matters, and how it will make an impact,” she said.The Crowd itself is leveraging equity crowdfunding to fuel its own growth, showcasing the model's effectiveness. By raising capital from the public, the company practices what it preaches, proving that this funding method can drive meaningful expansion.As more entrepreneurs turn to equity crowdfunding, Sarah believes the financial world is moving toward greater inclusivity. “This is about democratizing investment. It's about allowing more people to participate in wealth creation, not just the elite few,” she said.For founders considering this route, Sarah offers clear advice: Be prepared, be transparent, and engage with your audience. With the right approach, equity crowdfunding can be a powerful tool for growth and impact.tl;dr:Sarah Hardwick shares insights on how equity crowdfunding is transforming access to capital for entrepreneurs.The conversation highlights the importance of transparency and storytelling in building successful crowdfunding campaigns.Sarah explains how The Crowd is leveraging equity crowdfunding to grow and empower other businesses.She reveals her superpower, visionary storytelling, and how it helps businesses connect with investors.Practical advice is shared on crafting compelling narratives to engage investors and build community support.How to Develop Visionary Storytelling As a SuperpowerSarah Hardwick's superpower is visionary storytelling. She has a unique ability to craft compelling narratives that resonate with investors, turning ideas into movements and businesses into community-driven ventures.“A great story isn't just about facts—it's about connection,” Sarah said. “Investors want to know the people behind the company, what drives them, and how their investment can make a difference.” Through her expertise in equity crowdfunding, she has demonstrated how storytelling transforms a fundraising campaign into a movement, making investors feel like they are part of something bigger.One striking example of Sarah's storytelling superpower in action was a campaign she helped structure for a mission-driven startup. The founder had an inspiring backstory but struggled to articulate it in a way that engaged potential investors. Sarah worked closely with them to refine their message, focusing on their journey, their impact, and their vision for the future. With a compelling narrative in place, the campaign exceeded its fundraising goals, proving the power of authentic storytelling.For those looking to develop visionary storytelling as a skill, Sarah offers the following actionable tips:Define your “why” clearly—investors want to understand your deeper purpose.Be authentic—genuine passion and honesty build trust with potential supporters.Keep it simple—clarity and focus make your story easier to remember and share.Use multimedia—videos, images, and testimonials enhance the emotional connection.Engage consistently—interact with your audience and keep them updated throughout your journey.By following Sarah's example and advice, you can make visionary storytelling a skill. With practice and effort, you could make it a superpower that enables you to do more good in the world.Remember, however, that research into success suggests that building on your own superpowers is more important than creating new ones or overcoming weaknesses. You do you!Guest ProfileSarah Hardwick (she/her):Entrepreneur, Expert in Equity Crowdfunding , The CrowdAbout The Crowd: The Crowd (JoinTheCrowd.co) is a values-driven crowdfunding consultancy dedicated to helping companies raise capital and build movements. Founded by Sarah Hardwick, a pioneer in values-based marketing, The Crowd goes beyond traditional fundraising to align purpose-driven brands with passionate investors. With a proven track record of helping companies like Aptera raise millions, The Crowd specializes in strategic storytelling, community engagement, and investor activation to turn crowdfunding campaigns into long-term success stories.Website: sarahhardwick.comOther URL: jointhecrowd.coBiographical Information: Sarah Hardwick – Crowdfunding Expert & Marketing VisionarySarah Hardwick is a seasoned entrepreneur and marketing strategist with over 20 years of experience in values-driven marketing and crowdfunding. She founded Zenzi, pioneering purpose-led campaigns for brands like Nestlé and Chiquita, and later served as CMO of Aptera Motors, leading a record-breaking $140M crowdfunding campaign. Now, through The Crowd, Sarah helps ethical, mission-driven companies navigate equity crowdfunding, raise capital, and build engaged communities that drive lasting impact. With a background in Communication and Marketing from the University of Denver, she is dedicated to leveraging the power of community for both business success and social good.X/Twitter Handle: @sarahz Linkedin: linkedin.com/in/sarahhardwickSupport Our SponsorsOur generous sponsors make our work possible, serving impact investors, social entrepreneurs, community builders and diverse founders. Today's advertisers include FundingHope, AMIBA, SuperCrowdLA and Crowdfunding Made Simple. Learn more about advertising with us here.Max-Impact MembersThe following Max-Impact Members provide valuable financial support:Carol Fineagan, Independent Consultant | Lory Moore, Lory Moore Law | Marcia Brinton, High Desert Gear | Paul Lovejoy, Stakeholder Enterprise | Pearl Wright, Global Changemaker | Ralf Mandt, Next Pitch | Scott Thorpe, Philanthropist | Matthew Mead, Hempitecture | Michael Pratt, Qnetic | Add Your Name HereUpcoming SuperCrowd Event CalendarIf a location is not noted, the events below are virtual.Impact Cherub Club Meeting hosted by The Super Crowd, Inc., a public benefit corporation, on April 15, 2025, at 1:00 PM Eastern. Each month, the Club meets to review new offerings for investment consideration and to conduct due diligence on previously screened deals. To join the Impact Cherub Club, become an Impact Member of the SuperCrowd.SuperCrowdHour, April 16, 2025, at 1:00 PM Eastern. Gene Massey, Chairman/CEO of MediaShares, will lead a session on "Secrets For Creating Great Content To Attract Investors." He'll share expert insights on crafting compelling content that engages and converts potential investors. Whether you're launching a crowdfunding campaign or looking to enhance your storytelling strategy, this session is a must-attend! Don't miss it!SuperCrowdLA: we're going to be live in Santa Monica, California, May 1-3. Plan to join us for a major, in-person event focused on scaling impact. Sponsored by Digital Niche Agency, ProActive Real Estate and others. This will be a can't-miss event. Has your business been impacted by the recent fires? Apply now for a chance to receive one of 10 free tickets to SuperCrowdLA on May 2nd and 3rd and gain the tools to rebuild and grow!  SuperCrowd25, August 21st and 22nd: This two-day virtual event is an annual tradition but with big upgrades for 2025! We'll be streaming live across the web and on TV via e360tv. Soon, we'll open a process for nominating speakers. Check back!Community Event CalendarSuccessful Funding with Karl Dakin, Tuesdays at 10:00 AM ET - Click on Events.Igniting Community Capital to Build Outdoor Recreation Communities, Crowdfund Better, Thursdays, March 20 & 27, April 3 & 10, 2025, at 1:00 PM ET.Asheville Neighborhood Economics, April 1-2, 2-25.Regulated Investment Crowdfunding Summit 2025, Crowdfunding Professional Association, Washington DC, October 21-22, 2025.Call for community action:Please show your support for a tax credit for investments made via Regulation Crowdfunding, benefiting both the investors and the small businesses that receive the investments. Learn more here.If you would like to submit an event for us to share with the 9,000+ changemakers, investors and entrepreneurs who are members of the SuperCrowd, click here.We use AI to help us write compelling recaps of each episode. Get full access to Superpowers for Good at www.superpowers4good.com/subscribe

Ben sits down with Representative Bill Hardwick to discuss issues moving in the Missouri Legislature

Ollie and Tim discuss the main takeaways from the Hawks 12 point victory against the Giants in Round 3 including Watson's Wizardry, Hardwick's Forward Role and Halting Opposition Momentum.Give TH a 5-star review! Subscribe on YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/@TalkingHawksFollow on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/TalkingHawksFollow on Twitter: https://twitter.com/talking_hawksFollow on Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/talkinghawks

Jim went to Kenya in 2018 which revealed his true calling. He went at the encouragement of a friend, and in a single moment, discovered a need that would pivot his life in ways he could not have imagined. While on safari, Jim visited a medical clinic for the Masai people, and learned that they didn't have access to critical dental care. Since his wife, Jody, is a dental hygienist, he knew instantly how to solve that problem. Ten months later, he had founded the Hardwick Foundation, and they led their first dental team to Kenya. In this inaugural trip, 191 people were treated and 258 procedures were performed in a tent, at no charge to the patients. The impact was instant and significant, and that's the moment he knew his mission was much larger than himself. Today, Jim helps servant leaders go beyond their borders through a program he created called Magnificent Significance. He serves small to midsize business owners who want to live intentional lives and achieve superabundance through service. His experience includes over 25 years in executive leadership, helping his clients generate profitable revenue while taking a deeper look into what really matters by igniting a business culture of engagement and collaboration. Jim has traveled to 42 countries and experienced many different cultures. He is also a keynote speaker who shares his unique servant leadership journey from sales to nonprofits to safaris. He and Jody are proud to be the 2022 recipients of the James E. MacLennan Everyday Hero award through Up With People. His core mission is to encourage his clients to embrace their servant's heart to elevate their business. Connect with Jim Hardwick:Website: www.mag-sig.com Book: https://www.mag-sig.com/ebook Email: jim@mag-sig.com LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/jimhardwick/ TurnKey Podcast Productions Important Links:Guest to Gold Video Series: www.TurnkeyPodcast.com/gold The Ultimate Podcast Launch Formula- www.TurnkeyPodcast.com/UPLFplusFREE workshop on how to "Be A Great Guest."Free E-Book 5 Ways to Make Money Podcasting at www.Turnkeypodcast.com/gift Ready to earn 6-figures with your podcast? See if you've got what it takes at TurnkeyPodcast.com/quizSales Training for Podcasters: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/sales-training-for-podcasters/id1540644376Nice Guys on Business: http://www.niceguysonbusiness.com/subscribe/The Turnkey Podcast: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/turnkey-podcast/id1485077152

Sean and Ian talk Sean and Ian talk Brady destroying Leon, Shauna's sub, Caolan's win, Hardwick-filled Cage Warriors and more! Follow Sean X.Com/SeanSheehanBA Follow Graeme X.Com/SevereMMA Join the fun and support our journalism on Patreon.com/SevereMMAPodcast This week's podcast is sponsored by Shroom Bar - The Protein Mushroom Bar Go to eatshroombar.com and use code “SEVERE” at checkout for 25% off your first order. Follow Sean X.Com/SeanSheehanBA Follow Graeme X.Com/SevereMMA Join the fun and support our journalism on Patreon.com/SevereMMAPodcast This week's podcast is sponsored by Shroom Bar - The Protein Mushroom Bar Go to eatshroombar.com and use code “SEVERE” at checkout for 25% off your first order.

Welcome to The Legacy Warriors Podcast! Highlighting and breaking down the two best feeder leagues to the big show, LFA and Cage Warriors. THIS PATREON IS FOR THE FIGHT LINK DATABASE, NOT MY PICKS/BETS/WRITE UPS.

In this episode, Corey Quinn is joined by Sara Hardwick, Community Relationship Specialist at the Giftology Group, to discuss the powerful principles from John Ruhlin's new book, "Beyond Giftology." Sara shares insights on building strategic relationships that drive business growth and how to create systems that turn connections into powerful referral sources. Episode Highlights: The Power of ROR (Return on Relationship): Learn how investing in relationships can take your business places traditional marketing can't reach Relationship Partnership Training System: The step-by-step approach to transform connections into champions and referral partners Clarity Conversations: How to effectively communicate what you do, who you serve, and set partners up for successful referrals "Harmless Starters": Techniques to naturally begin conversations that can lead to business opportunities without being pushy DOVing (Demonstrations Of Value): Low-cost, high-impact ways to demonstrate value in relationships TAP Meetings: Implementing systematic "Talk About Partners" meetings to ensure relationship-building becomes habitual Strategic Gifting Principles: Why it's not the thought that counts, but the "thoughtful thought" that makes a difference Gift Personalization: How personalized touches like engraving, videos, and handwritten notes elevate the impact of gifts Scaling Relationship Marketing: How larger organizations can implement these strategies company-wide Gifting Benchmarks: Recommendations on frequency (max 3 gifts per year) and budget (5-15% of net profit from referrals) The resources mentioned in this episode are: - Connect with Sara Hardwick on LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/sarahardwick - Email Sara: info@giftologygroup.com - GIFT∙OLOGY: https://giftologygroup.com - Beyond Giftology (John Ruhlin's final book): https://www.beyondgiftology.com - Giftology by John Ruhlin: https://www.amazon.com/Giftology-Increase-Referrals-Strengthen-Retention/dp/1732095604/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&qid=1542737227&sr=8-1&keywords=GIFTOLOGY - Join R.I.C.H. Relationship Society: https://giftologygroup.com/rich-relationships - Escape the generalist trap with my best-selling book “Anyone, Not Everyone” and discover how to become the go-to agency in a vertical market https://www.AnyoneNotEveryone.com

Jeff 'Chalkx' Fox and Daniel 'Gumby' Vreeland are back in your earholes with their Cage Warriors 186 betting guide! England's top MMA promotion, Cage Warriors, sets up shop in London this weekend for a Hardwick-centric fight card. Both Hardwick brothers will defend their titles on Friday, and the rest of the fight card isn't too shabby either. The boys got your picks, plus - listen to find out which fighter called Jeff a "pussy"!  Time Stamps:0:00 - Intro7:52 - Tariq Pell vs Ermil Xhaferi10:41 - Jawany Scott vs Jonny Touma16:44 - Will Currie vs Eli Aronov20:29 - Nik Bagley vs Keweny Lopes25:47 - Harry Hardwick vs Javier Garcia Exclusive SGPN Bonuses And Linkshttp://linktr.ee/sportsgamblingpodcastFollow The Sports Gambling Podcast X/Twitter - https://x.com/GamblingPodcastInstagram - https://www.instagram.com/sportsgamblingpodcastTikTok - https://www.tiktok.com/@gamblingpodcastFacebook - http://www.facebook.com/sportsgamblingpodcastFollow The Sports Gambling Podcast HostsSean Green - http://www.twitter.com/seantgreenRyan Kramer - http://www.twitter.com/kramercentricGambling problem? Call 1-800-GAMBLER CO, DC, IL, IN, LA, MD, MS, NJ, OH, PA, TN, VA, WV, WY Call 877-8-HOPENY or text HOPENY (467369) (NY) Call 1-800-327-5050 (MA)21+ to wager. Please Gamble Responsibly. Call 1-800-NEXT-STEP (AZ), 1-800-522-4700 (KS, NV), 1-800 BETS-OFF (IA), 1-800-270-7117 for confidential help (MI)

Jeff 'Chalkx' Fox and Daniel 'Gumby' Vreeland are back in your earholes with their Cage Warriors 186 betting guide! England's top MMA promotion, Cage Warriors, sets up shop in London this weekend for a Hardwick-centric fight card. Both Hardwick brothers will defend their titles on Friday, and the rest of the fight card isn't too shabby either. The boys got your picks, plus - listen to find out which fighter called Jeff a "pussy"!  Time Stamps:0:00 - Intro7:52 - Tariq Pell vs Ermil Xhaferi10:41 - Jawany Scott vs Jonny Touma16:44 - Will Currie vs Eli Aronov20:29 - Nik Bagley vs Keweny Lopes25:47 - Harry Hardwick vs Javier Garcia Exclusive SGPN Bonuses And Linkshttp://linktr.ee/sportsgamblingpodcastFollow The Sports Gambling Podcast X/Twitter - https://x.com/GamblingPodcastInstagram - https://www.instagram.com/sportsgamblingpodcastTikTok - https://www.tiktok.com/@gamblingpodcastFacebook - http://www.facebook.com/sportsgamblingpodcastFOLLOW The Hosts On Social MediaJeff Fox - http://www.twitter.com/jefffoxwriterDaniel Vreeland - http://www.twitter.com/gumbyvreelandShow - http://www.twitter.com/sgpnmmaGambling problem? Call 1-800-GAMBLER CO, DC, IL, IN, LA, MD, MS, NJ, OH, PA, TN, VA, WV, WY Call 877-8-HOPENY or text HOPENY (467369) (NY) Call 1-800-327-5050 (MA)21+ to wager. Please Gamble Responsibly. Call 1-800-NEXT-STEP (AZ), 1-800-522-4700 (KS, NV), 1-800 BETS-OFF (IA), 1-800-270-7117 for confidential help (MI)

Sheriff Hardwick Sits In Studio With Us Today by 904 Now

Matthew Hardwick is an Albany, Georgia native whose impressive high school career at Lee County High School has turned heads in the basketball community. Recognized for his skill and hard work, Hardwick earned All Region Team honors twice—making the second team last year and the first team this year. Throughout his high school career, he has consistently ranked among the region's elite. He stands out as one of the top five players across multiple categories, including scoring, where he tallied 416 points (ranked #5 in the region), led the region in field goals made, and was ranked #2 in double doubles. His prowess extends to the competitive 5A classification as well, where he ranks #12 in rebounds (averaging 7.3 per game), #8 in field goals made with 169, and #7 in the state for double doubles. His on-court achievements have earned him multiple college offers, including from Bevill State, Andrew College, Southwestern Community College, and Albany Tech. Off the court, Hardwick is known for his strong family orientation, a quality that shines through in his leadership and community involvement. With such a remarkable resume, Matthew Hardwick continues to set a high standard for his peers and has a promising future ahead in basketball.Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/snoody-lounge--5597538/support.

On today's episode, we celebrated Nikki's birthday by having Amanda Meli stop by with a special guest ;-) Amanda is an incredible musician and vocalist! Hailing from the Hardwick, MA area, Amanda has done it all, from hosting open mics, to organizing large music festivals and commanding the stage, everywhere she performs! Amanda vocal range is something to witness and hear for yourself! So make sure you check out this episode, and while you're at it, you can find out more about Amanda's musical journey by checking out her Facebook page here: https://www.facebook.com/AmandaMeliMusic And as always, make sure that you're following us on all of our platforms by checking out our Linktree here: https://linktr.ee/musicalchairsmass Enjoy the show! #makingmondaysmusicalagain

Relationships Are Your Superpower! Today on Spaghetti on the Wall, Armando talks with Sara Hardwick about the art of building genuine connections, leveraging strategic gifting, and creating powerful referral networks. Don't miss this insightful conversation to grow your business through relationships!

The essence of significance lies in helping others, highlighting our bonds and the positive effects we have on their lives. By supporting those who are struggling, we build a strong community and find purpose, leaving enduringimpressions on their journeys. Through simple acts of kindness, we enhance their experiences while uncovering richer meanings in our own paths.

Sheriff Hardwick in studio recapping Fight Night by 904 Now

In this episode of The Mike Litton Experience, we're joined by the incredible Sara Hardwick, a true innovator in the world of relationship-building and referral-based business. Sara shares her insights on how to create authentic connections that go beyond transactions and foster long-lasting partnerships. Through her experience, Sara emphasizes the power of thoughtful communication, personal […]

On the latest episode of Politically Speaking, state Rep. Bill Hardwick talks about his effort to legalize video gambling machines and other issues in the 2025 legislative session. Hardwick is trying to pass legislation that would legalize video gambling machines which are usually found in truck stops and fraternal organization halls. His bill, which already passed through committee, could provide a funding boost for education.

In this episode of The Mike Litton Experience, we are thrilled to welcome Sara Hardwick, a key figure in carrying forward John Ruhlin's legacy and the powerhouse behind Giftology. With her unparalleled expertise in building meaningful, referral-based relationships, Sarah shares valuable insights on how intentional connections can transform businesses and create lasting success. Sara dives deep […]

This week, join us for a journey 500 years in the making! Off to Derbyshire we go to spend some time at Chatsworth, the ancestral home of the Cavendish family and the Dukes and Duchesses of Devonshire through time.  There were many women who claimed the Duchess title, and a few who did not. We explore them all - from Bess of Hardwick, the lady who begins it all, to Georgiana Spencer and Deborah Mitford, the ones who did attain the title, as well as the ones who did not, including Lady Caroline Lamb, Adele Astaire, and Kick Kennedy.  Mary Cavendish, Duchess of Devonshire (1646–1710), wife of the first duke Rachel Cavendish, Duchess of Devonshire (1674 – 1725), wife of the second duke Catherine Cavendish, Duchess of Devonshire (1700–1777), wife of the third duke Georgiana Cavendish, Duchess of Devonshire (1757–1806), first wife of the fifth duke Elizabeth Cavendish, Duchess of Devonshire (1759–1824), second wife of the fifth duke Louisa Cavendish, Duchess of Devonshire (1832–1911), wife of the eighth duke Evelyn Cavendish, Duchess of Devonshire (1870–1960), wife of the ninth duke Mary Cavendish, Duchess of Devonshire (1895–1988), wife of the tenth duke Deborah Cavendish, Duchess of Devonshire (1920–2014), wife of the eleventh duke Amanda Cavendish, Duchess of Devonshire (born 1944), wife of the twelfth duke Listen ad-free at patreon.com/trashyroyalspodcast. To advertise on this podcast, reach out to info@amplitudemediapartners.com. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Mentioned in This Episode: American Academy of Pediatric Dentistryhttps://www.aapd.org/ Find a Pediatric Dentisthttps://www.aapd.org/publications/find-a-pd/ For more on Dr. Hardwick you can follow her on Instagram @tam.teeth and through her website mttampediatricdentistry.com. For more on Argavan Nilforoush, be sure to follow her on Instagram @babystepsnutrition, on Facebook: Baby Steps Nutrition page, on YouTube: Baby Steps Nutrition Podcast, on Twitter @argavanRDN, on LinkedIn @ArgavanNilforoush and through her website www.babystepsnutrition.com.

几乎所有习以为常的事物，追溯其源流的过程中总是会有惊喜。比如购物中心——当大型商场变得越来越常见，最早探索这一模式的设计师、建筑师、规划评论家Victor Gruen的名字，却已经基本被遗忘了。他的职业经历称得上传奇，不仅将“零售设计”这一原本边缘的行业方向带上了高峰，更始终强调商业与公共属性的平衡、以及大型建筑带给消费者的丰富体验。当他将购物中心的理念成功落地到1950年代的美国郊区之后，“大盒子”毫无悬念地在全美被快速复刻，也快速走偏。甚至到1990年代，诸多经营不善的大型购物中心都成了美国零售业新的心病。消费者已经老去，谁说商场就会永远年轻？本期小历史，就让我们沿着Victor Gruen的职业生涯，来看看“美国式”购物中心诞生的始末。| 主播 |肖文杰、约小亚| 时间轴 |01:13 谁创造了“购物中心”？06:23 第五大道上的零售店设计实验12:17 194X年的美国城镇规划15:35一份完备的“购物中心开发指南”19:48 Northland vs Southdale，购物中心的两个模板31:31 同行对“购物中心”理念的进一步打磨37:05 作为投资品的购物中心40:11 彻底改善市中心，还是只要一段景观道？45:13 大盒子入侵全世界之后| 延伸资料 |Hardwick, M. Jeffrey-《Mall Maker》Alexandra Lange-《Meet Me by the Fountain》Victor Gruen-《Shopping Town》New Yorker-The Terrazzo JungleWhat Was The Real Futurama?Architect Magazine-When Modernism Came to ‘Main Street'《Free-Market Socialists》Architectural Forum (1943.05)- New Buildings for 194XProgressive Architecture (1952.06) -What is a Shopping Mall？Architectural Forum (1954.06) -NORTHLAND: a new yardstick for shopping center planningHarvard Business Review (1954.12) -Dynamic Planning for Retail AreasSmithsonian Magazine-The Death And Rebirth of the American MallFortune-Downtown is for peopleTHE ORIGINAL E.P.C.O.T - E.P.C.O.T and the heart of our citiesThomas W. Hanchett-U.S. Tax Policy and the Shopping-Center Boom of the 1950s and 1960sBloomberg Businessweek-America's ‘Retail Apocalypse' Is Really Just Beginning《商业就是这样》鼓起勇气开设听友群啦。欢迎添加节目同名微信，加入听友群，一起讨论有意思的商业现象。微信号：thatisbiz为了营造更好的讨论环境，我们准备了两个小问题，请在添加微信后回答：1，你最喜欢《商业就是这样》的哪期节目？为什么？2，你希望听到《商业就是这样》聊哪个话题？期待与你交流！| 后期制作 |kk| 声音设计 |刘三菜| 收听方式 |你可以通过小宇宙、苹果播客、Spotify、喜马拉雅、网易云音乐、QQ 音乐、荔枝、豆瓣等平台收听节目。| 认识我们 |微信公众号：第一财经 YiMagazine联系我们：thatisbiz@yicai.com

Reverend Jay Hardwick, senior pastor of Forest Hills Baptist Church and president of the Tennessee Baptist Convention, returns for Part 2 of our discussion on the Southern Baptist Convention (SBC). We discuss how Southern Baptists work together through church planting, missionary efforts, and theological education. The cooperative generosity of SBC churches has fueled missions across North America and around the world, supporting thousands of church planters, seminary students, and global missionaries.If you missed Part 1 of our conversation, be sure to go back and listen to episode 228.Here's What We Discussed00:00 The North American Mission Board (NAMB)SBC has long been dedicated to evangelizing the world, supporting missions both locally and globally. Pastor Jeff and Pastor Jay discuss the role of NAMB in supporting church planting, evangelism, and strengthening churches across North America. The SEND Network has helped Southern Baptists focus on major cities, training new church planters and ensuring they have the support they need to succeed.03:26 The Cooperative Program – Fueling MissionsThe Cooperative Program is the financial backbone of SBC missions. Rather than requiring churches to contribute a fixed percentage, churches voluntarily participate, pooling resources to fund seminaries, missionaries, and outreach efforts.07:12 The International Mission Board (IMB)The SBC is home to the world's largest missionary-sending agency, the International Mission Board. With over 3,700 missionaries actively serving and more than 1,200 in training, the IMB ensures that Southern Baptists continue their global outreach, reaching unreached people groups and supporting international church planting.10:35 The Role of Special OfferingsTwo major annual offerings—Lottie Moon (Christmas) and Annie Armstrong (Easter)—provide additional direct-to-field support for missionaries and church planters. Pastor Jay highlights how these offerings have reached record-breaking contributions in recent years.12:52 Southern Baptist Seminaries and Theological EducationWith six world-class seminaries, the SBC provides theological education at a significantly reduced cost for students from SBC churches. Pastor Jay shares how this investment in education is raising up the next generation of pastors, missionaries, and ministry leaders.16:15 Stewarding the Future of the SBCFrom growing up in a Southern Baptist church to serving as a pastor and convention leader, Pastor Jay has had a long history with SBC continuing the mission while also recognizing the SBC's challenges and opportunities for growth.Connect with Reverend Jay HardwickTwitter:https://x.com/jayhardwickInstagram: https://www.instagram.com/jayhardwick/Forest Hills Baptist Church -  https://www.fhbc.orgJoin the ConversationWe love your feedback! If you enjoyed this episode, leave us a review. If you have any questions or comments on today's episode, email me at pastorjeff@lowcountrycc.orgVisit my website https://www.jeffcranston.com and subscribe to my newsletter. Join me on Sunday mornings at LowCountry Community Church. Check-in with us on Facebook or Instagram @pastorjeffcranstonRemember, the real power of theology is not only knowing it but applying it. Thanks for listening!

In this episode of Pop Culture Weekly with Kyle McMahon, Grammy nominated actor Omari Hardwick takes center stage where we dive into his exhilarating role in the Paramount + film, Star Trek: Section 31.From athlete to actor, Omari's journey is nothing short of inspiring, and he opens up about transitioning from starring in the film as a cast member to experiencing it as a fan. We unpack his dynamic portrayal of Alok, a Section 31 agent, and explore the creative process behind the film. Omari also shares the deep personal connection he has with poetry, a passion he's nurtured since the tender age of 11, which has earned him a Grammy nomination for Best Spoken Word Poetry Album. Our conversation with Omari goes beyond his role in Star Trek, shedding light on his multifaceted career that spans poetry, theater, music, and film. We uncover the inspiration behind his new single and the impact of working alongside the legendary Michelle Yeoh. We reflect on his past collaborations with industry giants like Kevin Costner and Zack Snyder, and there's an excited anticipation for future stories within the Star Trek universe. Tune in for an engaging mix of career reflections, collaborative triumphs, and the thrill of what's next.Watch the interview here.Kyle McMahon's Death, Grief & Other Sh*t We Don't Discuss is now streaming: https://www.deathandgrief.show/Chapter-One-The-Diagnosis-AKA-WTF/---------------Get all the Pop Culture Weekly podcast info you could want including extra content, uncut interviews, photos, videos & transcripts at: https://podcast.popcultureweekly.comWatch celebrity interviews at: https://www.facebook.com/realkylemcmahon/videosor Pop Culture Weekly YouTube at: https://www.youtube.com/@popcultureweeklyRead the latest at http://www.PopCultureWeekly.comFollow Kyle on:Facebook: http://www.facebook.com/realkylemcmahonInstagram: http://www.instagram.com/kmacmusicYouTube: https://www.youtube.com/@popcultureweeklyWebsite: http://www.kylemcmahon.me

Our guest, Reverend Jay Hardwick, senior pastor of Forest Hills Baptist Church and president of the Tennessee Baptist Convention, joins us as we discuss the Southern Baptist Convention (SBC). We learn about the SBC's origins, core beliefs, and unique church governance structure. Southern Baptist churches operate independently while cooperating for missions and theological education. baptism by immersion, the Lord's Supper, and the autonomy of local churches highlight how Southern Baptists remain committed to biblical teachings while maintaining flexibility in church operations. This is Part 1 of our episode on the Southern Baptist Convention. Tune in next week for Part 2.Here's What We Discussed!00:00 IntroTiffany and Pastor Jeff introduce the SBC, the largest Protestant denomination in the United States. The SBC was founded in 1845 in Augusta, Georgia, to collaborate in church planting, training pastors, and sending missionaries. Southern Baptists are united by core theological beliefs, including the inerrancy of Scripture and the exclusivity of Christ, while working together to spread the gospel.07:14 Beliefs on BaptismBaptism by immersion is a key belief in the Southern Baptist faith. It symbolizes a believer's identification with Christ's death, burial, and resurrection. Reverend Jay explains that baptism follows a personal confession of faith and does not contribute to salvation but serves as a public declaration.10:35 The Lord's Supper Reverend Jay discusses how Southern Baptist churches observe the Lord's Supper as a symbolic act of remembrance. He explains that the frequency of communion varies by church and emphasizes its role in reflecting on Christ's sacrifice and anticipating His return.19:07 Church Autonomy The SBC operates with local church autonomy, meaning each congregation is self-governed while voluntarily cooperating with state and national SBC organizations for mission work and theological training. Jay clarifies that there is no central governing body dictating church practices.22:45 Elders, Deacons and Mission Efforts The leadership structure within SBC churches highlights the roles of elders and deacons. Some churches follow a traditional deacon-led model, while others incorporate elder-led leadership to guide the church in spiritual and administrative matters. The Southern Baptist Cooperative Program allows churches to pool resources to support missions, theological education, and outreach efforts locally and globally. Jay emphasizes the importance of cooperation in fulfilling the SBC's mission.29:39 Stay Tuned Next Week!In part 2 of our conversation, we discuss the North American Mission Board and how the SBC collaborates to plant churches, train leaders, and support evangelism efforts across North America through initiatives like the SEND Network.Join the ConversationWe love your feedback! If you enjoyed this episode, leave us a review. If you have any questions or comments on today's episode, email me at pastorjeff@lowcountrycc.orgVisit my website https://www.jeffcranston.com and subscribe to my newsletter. Join me on Sunday mornings at LowCountry Community Church. Check-in with us on Facebook or Instagram @pastorjeffcranstonRemember, the real power of theology is not only knowing it but applying it. Thanks for listening!

 Have you ever wondered why so much of the conversation about hormones focuses on estrogen and progesterone while testosterone often gets overlooked? Or you've heard testosterone labeled as a male hormone and wondered, does this even matter for me as a woman? Today, we're pulling back the curtain on testosterone, a hormone that's often misunderstood yet plays a vital role in women's health and well-being. This week, episode 42 of Pleasure in the Pause shares the truth about testosterone for women in midlife! Are you ready to awaken your sensuality and feel more empowered in your body? Access the FREE Pleasure Upgrade Bundle at https://www.pleasureinthepause.com/gift.Dr. Susan Hardwick-Smith is a Board Certified  Gynecologist and Certified Menopause Practitioner and has been in practice in Houston since 1999. After over 20 years of general Ob/Gyn practice she retired as the Founder and President of Complete Women's Care Center, which she opened as a solo practitioner in 2002 and grew to be the largest all-female OB/GYN group in the country by 2019. In 2020 Dr. Susan decided to start her “second act” as the Founder of Complete Midlife Wellness Center, a concierge practice focused on helping women find their full aliveness in midlife and celebrate the amazing opportunities that menopause brings.Highlights from our discussion include:Exploring how testosterone functions as a hormone in women and why it's not just a "male" hormone.Discovering the positive impacts of testosterone on libido, bone health, muscle conservation, and cognitive well-being.Unpacking the cultural and financial barriers that have led to the lack of FDA-approved testosterone options for women, and learn how to navigate the stigma.Understanding the various ways testosterone can be safely administered, and the importance of individualized dosing and monitoring.Learning how to find a knowledgeable practitioner and advocate for yourself in the decision-making process.Exploring the emotional, psychological, and relational factors that contribute to a fulfilling sex life, beyond just hormone therapy.Reclaiming your power and pleasure in midlife and beyond starts with understanding the vital role of testosterone in your overall health and well-being. By educating yourself and seeking the right support, you can make informed choices that empower you to live your best life. Remember, your pleasure and wellness matter, and you deserve access to the treatments and resources that can help you thrive.If you're seeking to reclaim your pleasure and vitality, join Gabriella at ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠www.pleasureinthepause.com⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠ for this enlightening journey into the heart of female pleasure and empowerment.CONNECT WITH DR. SUSAN HARDWICK-SMITH:WebsiteYouTubeInstagramCONNECT WITH GABRIELLA ESPINOSA:InstagramLinkedInWork with Gabriella! LINKS MENTIONED:The Pause LifeReady to try Vella Women's Pleasure Serum for yourself? You deserve this. Go to https://vellabio.com/GABRIELLA to get 15% off your first order. Trust me—this little pleasure potion is a game-changer.

Forrest Foster found a new old truck, thanks to you listeners. We drove around and talked about the truck and about Forrest's new job and I complained about feeling old. Happy Holidays and thank you for your generosity. Happy Holidays to all! 

Forrest Foster is a dairy farmer in Hardwick, Vermont. Two months ago he sold his cows. He didn't want to do it. But his barn doesn't meet code so he lost his license. He can't keep the wood furnace burning in the house while he's doing chores. And like so many families, he's dealing with the profound complications of drug addiction in his home. 

For almost fifty years, the murders of two people in the tiny northern Vermont village of Hardwick have gone unsolved. The rumors in town ran almost as rampant as the fear, but whether any of the chatter about what happened to the victims is true remains to be seen nearly five decades later. If you have information relating to the 1977 homicides of Joan Gray Rogers or Bernard Ewen, please contact the Vermont State Police. You can text VTIPS to 274637 or submit a tip via the form linked in the description of this episode. View source material and photos for this episode at: darkdowneast.com/joangrayrogersandbernardewen Dark Downeast is an audiochuck and Kylie Media production hosted by Kylie Low.Follow @darkdowneast on Instagram, Facebook, and TikTokTo suggest a case visit darkdowneast.com/submit-case

The Battle of Brunanburh took place in 937, and is often referred to as the battle that made England. But there are a LOT of questions about that battle, including how it played out and where it took place. Research: “Battle of Brunanburh.” The Anglo Saxons. https://www.theanglosaxons.com/battle-of-brunanburh-poem/ Anderson, Anne. “Battle of Brunanburh: The Site Argument.” Liverpool Daily Post. Sept. 18, 1937. https://www.newspapers.com/image/891771637/?match=1&terms=brunanburh Blakemore, Erin. “England Was Born on This Battlefield. Why can't historians find it?” National Geographic. May 24, 2023. https://www.nationalgeographic.com/premium/article/battle-of-brunanburh-england-anglo-saxon-victory?loggedin=true&rnd=1725286067852 Bolton, W. F. “‘Variation' in The Battle of Brunanburh.” The Review of English Studies, vol. 19, no. 76, 1968, pp. 363–72. JSTOR, http://www.jstor.org/stable/512805 Britannica, The Editors of Encyclopaedia. "Athelstan". Encyclopedia Britannica, 20 Aug. 2024, https://www.britannica.com/biography/Athelstan Castelow, Ellen. “Battle of Brunanburh 937AD.” Historic UK. Nov. 25, 2014. https://www.historic-uk.com/HistoryUK/HistoryofBritain/Battle-of-Brunanburh/ Cavill, P. (2022). The Battle of Brunanburh: The Yorkshire Hypothesis. English Studies, 104(1), 19–38. https://doi.org/10.1080/0013838X.2022.2154045 Cavill, Paul. “Vikings: Fear and Faith in Anglo-Saxon England.” Harper Collins. https://www.nottingham.ac.uk/-sczsteve/Cavill_2001.pdf “The Danes in Lancashire, or the Battle of Brunanburh, and the Probable Locality of the Conflict.” Preston Chronicle and Lancashire Advisor. Jan. 17, 1857. https://www.newspapers.com/image/392902369/?match=1&terms=brunanburh Halloran, Kevin. “The Brunanburh Campaign: A Reappraisal.” The Scottish Historical Review, vol. 84, no. 218, 2005, pp. 133–48. JSTOR, http://www.jstor.org/stable/25529849 Hardwick, Charles. “Where was the Batt;e of Brunanburh fought?” The Preston Chronicle and Lancashire Advertiser. July 12, 1856. https://www.newspapers.com/image/392945292/?match=1&terms=brunanburh Livingston, Michael. “Never Greater Slaughter: Brunaburh and the Birth of England.” Osprey. 2021. Loxton, Alice. “What happened at the Battle of Brunanburh?” History Hit. Oct. 25, 2019. https://www.historyhit.com/what-happened-at-the-battle-of-brunanburh/ McDonald, J.E. “Stockport and the Battle of Brunanburh.” Wimslow and Alderley and Knutsford Advertiser. Sept. 22, 1933. https://www.newspapers.com/image/887178425/?match=1&terms=brunanburh Neilson, Geo. “Brunanburh and Burnswork.” The Scottish Historical Review, vol. 7, no. 25, 1909, pp. 37–55. JSTOR, http://www.jstor.org/stable/25518148 Sartore, Melissa. “Who was the first king of England? The answer is … complicated.” National Geographic. May 2, 2023. https://www.nationalgeographic.com/premium/article/first-king-of-england-aethelstan?loggedin=true&rnd=1725286069300 Whitelock, Dorothy. "Alfred". Encyclopedia Britannica, 4 Aug. 2024, https://www.britannica.com/biography/Alfred-king-of-Wessex WIRRAL ARCHAEOLOGY. “The search for the Battle of Brunanburh, is over.” Liverpool University Press Blog. October 21, 2019. https://liverpooluniversitypress.blog/2019/10/22/the-search-for-the-battle-of-brunanburh-is-over/ “Wirral Archaeology and the Search for the Battle of Brunanburh.” Wirral Archaeology. https://www.wirralarchaeology.org/pages/wirral-archaeology-and-the-search-for-the-battle-of-brunanburh/ “Walton-Le-Dale in the Olden Time.” The Preston Chronicle and Lancashire Advertiser. June 20, 1863. https://www.newspapers.com/image/392939927/?match=1&terms=brunanburh Wood, M. (2013). Searching for Brunanburh: The Yorkshire Context of the ‘Great War' of 937. Yorkshire Archaeological Journal, 85(1), 138–159. https://doi.org/10.1179/0084427613Z.00000000021 See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.