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In this episode, entomologist and agroecologist Dr. Jacob Pecenka talks about the role of dung beetles as mechanical decomposers. Subscribe for more content on sustainable farming, market farming tips, and business insights! Get market farming tools, seeds, and supplies at Modern Grower. Follow Modern Grower: Instagram Instagram Listen to other podcasts on the Modern Grower Podcast Network: Carrot Cashflow Farm Small Farm Smart Farm Small Farm Smart Daily The Growing Microgreens Podcast The Urban Farmer Podcast The Rookie Farmer Podcast In Search of Soil Podcast Check out Diego's books: Sell Everything You Grow on Amazon Ready Farmer One on Amazon **** Modern Grower and Diego Footer participate in the Amazon Services LLC. Associates Program, an affiliate advertising program designed to provide a means for sites to earn advertising fees by advertising and linking to Amazon.com.
Bicycle Talk. Episode 486 June 10th 2026. Ron's Rant: Why are youn still driving that gas guzzling vehicle? Pee – Gate? On a positive side: Shout out to Bike Mansfield. Build America 250 Act. Mechanical minute and cycling tips: The E-Bike project. How about those 32” wheels.. How to Improve Your Riding out […]
Is your weight loss journey secretly setting you up for even greater weight gain down the road?Amy Hudson and Dr. James Fisher discuss the hidden muscle loss risk that comes with GLP-1 use and why the number on the scale tells you almost nothing about the quality of your progress. They unpack how strength training is the critical missing piece in most weight loss journeys, why protein becomes more important when you cut calories, and what genuine health success actually looks like when the real goal isn't weight loss.Dr. Fisher explains what most people fundamentally get wrong about GLP-1 use. The goal isn't weight loss itself, but the health that weight loss is supposed to deliver. When you press past the surface answer, most people admit they want a better quality of life, not just a lower number on the scale.Dr. Fisher breaks down how GLP-1s work at a biological level, describing them as medications that mimic a natural hormone originally developed to treat diabetes. They stimulate insulin release, reduce glucagon, slow gastric emptying, and create a feeling of fullness that drives reduced calorie intake.Dr. Fisher explains why GLP-1s can be a genuinely valuable entry point for people who are overweight or obese. The psychological and physical barriers to exercise, low confidence, pain, and fear of gym environments, make medication a realistic first step that behavioral advice alone cannot replace.Learn why the number on the scale is one of the most misleading metrics you can track during a weight loss journey. It cannot distinguish between fat loss, which is beneficial, and muscle loss, which is metabolically and functionally devastating.Dr. Fisher reveals that between 20 and 40 percent of the weight lost through GLP-1 use is lean tissue, typically thought of as muscle mass. Losing that much muscle while trying to get healthier is directly counterproductive to the actual goal.Dr. Fisher explains why losing muscle during a weight loss journey sets the body up to regain fat more easily afterward. Muscle is the body's primary storage site for carbohydrates, and shrinking that storage capacity increases the likelihood of fat accumulation once the journey ends.Learn how the "fat but fit" paradigm reframes what health actually looks like. Research suggests that increased strength is associated with lower mortality risk regardless of body composition, meaning being strong matters more for longevity than being lean.Dr. Fisher paints a picture of what weight loss without muscle retention actually looks like in practice. He points to frail older adults who are dependent on others, use walkers, and have severely diminished functional capacity as the endpoint of losing weight without preserving strength.Dr. Fisher explains why strength training is the critical signal the body needs to retain muscle during a GLP-1 journey. Mechanical loading through resistance training stimulates muscle protein synthesis and tells the body to hold onto lean tissue even when overall energy intake is reduced.Learn why the type of muscle fiber you target in strength training matters enormously during a weight loss journey. Type 2 muscle fibers are the most responsive to growth, the most metabolically valuable, and the most important to recruit and retain as the body ages.Amy highlights a counterintuitive truth that many people on weight loss journeys are uncomfortable confronting. Neglecting muscle while losing weight is essentially signaling to the body to store fat more aggressively the moment the intervention stops.Dr. Fisher explains why body composition measurement is a non-negotiable part of any GLP-1 journey done right. Tools like InBody assessments go beyond scale weight and give a real picture of whether you are losing fat or losing muscle, which determines whether the weight loss is actually high quality.Learn why supervised workouts produce meaningfully better outcomes than unsupervised ones, especially for people on a GLP-1 journey. Having a personal trainer present creates accountability, improves technique, and opens space for the kind of conversations that keep people from feeling isolated on what can be a very personal health journey.Dr. Fisher explains why protein intake becomes more important, not less, when someone is in a calorie deficit. Most people reduce protein alongside fats and carbohydrates when cutting calories, but the right approach is to protect protein intake and reduce the other macronutrients instead.Learn how GLP-1 medications change what people eat without necessarily improving what they eat. Reduced satiety often leads to smaller portions, but the nutritional quality of those portions, including protein content, frequently remains poor without deliberate attention.Amy explains why tracking muscle mass throughout a GLP-1 journey is just as important as tracking weight loss progress. Without that data, there is no way to know whether the body is shedding fat or cannibalizing the very tissue that supports long-term metabolic health.Dr. Fisher explains why around two-thirds of weight lost through medication or behavioral programs tends to be regained within a year. Weight loss that is not anchored in behavioral change and muscle preservation is structurally set up to reverse itself.Learn how The Exercise Coach's approach addresses the specific risks of GLP-1 use through four reinforcing pillars: body composition measurement, optimized strength training methodology, real-time performance feedback through equipment, and in-person coaching throughout the process.Amy explains why personal training is the missing piece most people overlook on a GLP-1 journey, and how having a coach in your corner can make the difference between losing fat and losing the muscle you can't afford to give up.Mentioned in This Episode:The Exercise Coach - Get 2 Free Sessions!Submit your questions at StrengthChangesEverything.comThis podcast and blog are provided to you for entertainment and informational purposes only. By accessing either, you agree that neither constitute medical advice nor should they be substituted for professional medical advice or care. Use of this podcast or blog to treat any medical condition is strictly prohibited. Consult your physician for any medical condition you may be having. In no event will any podcast or blog hosts, guests, or contributors, Exercise Coach USA, LLC, Gymbot LLC, any subsidiaries or affiliates of same, or any of their respective directors, officers, employees, or agents, be responsible for any injury, loss, or damage to you or others due to any podcast or blog content.
Jeannette McGill is a seasoned mountaineer and executive leader who, at 52, became the oldest South African woman to summit Everest in May 2025. With more than 30 years of global climbing experience—including leading expeditions across four continents—she knows deeply that the summit is never just about standing on top. Jeannette's journey is a testament to patience, resilience, and the quiet power of backing yourself, no matter how many setbacks you face. Beyond her personal achievements, she is passionate about demystifying the modern-day myths of Everest and advocates instead for the very real challenges mountain terrains face through climate change globally. Having been there herself, she brings an informed, honest perspective on what is truly happening above 8,000m. Today, Jeannette combines her love for high-altitude adventure with leadership on Boards and helping others explore their own limits. She also supports future generations through leading snow camps in the Victorian Alps and mountaineering scholarships, believing that mountains are powerful teachers of courage and humility. Her story is not just about conquering peaks but about becoming the kind of person who dares to try. We first spoke with Jeannette on 7th January 2021 - Jeannette McGill - 1st South African woman to summit Manaslu, the 8th highest mountain in the world *** New episodes of the Tough Girl Podcast drop every Tuesday at 7 AM (UK time)! Make sure to subscribe so you never miss the inspiring journeys and incredible stories of tough women pushing boundaries. Do you want to support the Tough Girl Mission to increase the amount of female role models in the media in the world of adventure and physical challenges? Support via Patreon! Join me in making a difference by signing up here: www.patreon.com/toughgirlpodcast. Your support makes a difference. Thank you x *** Show notes Who is Jeanette Corporate executive, board director and most importantly a mountaineer South African by origin, located in Melbourne and spending up to 5 months in Nepal TGP Episode - January 7th 2021 - - 1st South African woman to summit Manaslu, the 8th highest mountain in the world Her Mt. Everest dream A one day - someday project… How climbing Mt. Everest came to the forefront of her mind To be a real mountaineer you needed to tick Mt. Everest off the list Deciding to go in a different direction in 1995 The pivotal moment - university and having a career or entering the climbing competition Pursuing her career Was Mt. Everest a realistic goal? Growing into the project Adding Mt. Everest to the bucket list after covid Going through a back surgery and perimenopause and deciding that 2023 would be her Mt. Everest year Using Mera Peak as an acclimatisation strategy Getting sick and not recovering well, getting to camp 2 and not being able to continue. Heading back to Australia and deciding to go back in 2024 Deciding to gift herself the power of a mid-life sabbatical Exciting her role in December 2023 and starting to train properly for Mt. Everest in 2024 Joining a small team Mechanical failure on the mountain - her jumar not working and getting word that her house in Australia had burnt down. Getting to the South Col and not being in the right head space. Knowing she was making the right decision to turn around and head back down the mountain Dealing with the frustration and disappointment and why it was difficult Not being in a good head space. Needing to pivot and become nomadic during the winter Floundering and not knowing what was next Deciding that she would regret it if she didn't back herself one final time. Pivoting and making the best of the situation Having flexibility and deciding to do Mt. Everest one last time Figuring out where to do the winter work - in either Scotland or New Zealand Packing up and heading over to New Zealand to do training Doing more mountain work, on the NZ Alps in the South Island How it became a more personal/internal objective/goal What training looked like Working with a mental and physical coach Using Training Peaks Evoke Endurance Coach Returning to Manaslu in the fall of 2024 Muscle endurance - steep hills in NZ out of Queenstown carrying 20kgs Following a structured gym program Her 'A' Team Figuring out through processes and what could derail her Having cheat sheets e.g. a mopey list to keep her focused on her goal and what she needed to do Heading back to Mt Everest in 2025 and wanting to do the Everest - Lhotse Double (having 2 permits) Acclimatising on Mt. Mera Peak Being an older climber and the changes she made Sleeping at camp 3 on her rotation Heading up to the balcony The challenge of the 2025 season Dealing with extreme winds and not being able to stand up Having to turn around - returning to her tent on the South Col and being hit with disappointment. Maybe climbing Mt. Everest just isn't going to happen again - shedding a tear Having her main sherpa needing to head back down to camp 2 Having the opportunity to go for the summit of Mt. Everest the following night Now or never!!!!! Starting to prepare, getting herself together and heading back to the balcony before reaching the summit Reaching the summit - A surreal, glorious moment. Crying on the summit and why she will never forget it The descent back to base camp - dealing with fatigue Being able to look after herself on the descent The afterwards - Relief? Adventure blues? The pressure on herself to achieve the goal Being at peace with herself Needing to rest this calendar year and savour her summit Wallowing in the peace and knowledge of achievement How to connect with Jeannette Final words of advice for other women who want to take on their own mountains and challenges Keep stretching your fear muscle Social Media Website: www.mcgillsmountains.com Instagram: @mcgills_mountains
Dr. Michael Carter didn't originally plan to become a professor or even an industrial engineer.But after discovering operations research and eventually finding his way into industrial engineering, his career became focused on one of the most complex systems imaginable: healthcare.In this episode of Problem Solved, we speak with the recipient of the 2026 Frank and Lillian Gilbreth Award, IISE's highest honor. Dr. Carter reflects on his decades-long career in healthcare systems engineering, how inefficiencies he observed inside hospitals sparked a lifelong passion for improvement, and why he dedicated his career to building what he calls “an army of engineers” working in healthcare.We also discuss the future of healthcare systems, the growing role of AI and data in medicine, mentorship, and the ripple effect of influencing generations of students and practitioners.Dr. Carter is Professor of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering at the University of Toronto and Founding Director of the Centre for Healthcare Engineering. Over the course of his career, he has helped shape healthcare engineering in Canada and beyond through research, education, and real-world implementation.And at the end of this episode, stay tuned for a preview of our upcoming special episode exploring the real lives and legacy of Frank and Lillian Gilbreth.Learn more about The Institute of Industrial and Systems Engineers (IISE)Problem Solved on LinkedInProblem Solved on YouTubeProblem Solved on InstagramProblem Solved on TikTokProblem Solved Executive Producer: Elizabeth GrimesInterested in contributing to the podcast or sponsoring an episode? Email egrimes@iise.org
In this episode of the WB Download, host Jeff Wieland sits down with Trent Morris of A1 Mechanical Heating and Cooling to explore one of the most important components of any custom home, heating, cooling, and indoor comfort.With nearly four decades of HVAC experience, Trent shares why comfort should always take priority over efficiency when designing a home's mechanical systems. He walks listeners through the HVAC design process, explaining the importance of detailed load calculations, proper ductwork design, static pressure, air filtration, zoning, insulation, and window performance. Trent also discusses the evolution of heating and cooling technology, including the benefits of multi-stage and variable-capacity equipment, smart thermostats, and modern indoor air quality solutions.Beyond the technical side, Trent shares his personal journey into the HVAC industry, the mentors who shaped his career, and how A1 Mechanical invests in training, workforce development, and giving people second chances through meaningful careers in the trades.Key Topics Covered:HVAC design for custom homesLoad calculations and comfort-driven system sizingStatic pressure and ductwork designMulti-stage and variable-capacity equipmentIndoor air quality and air filtrationZoning systems and smart thermostatsMaintenance best practicesWorkforce development in the skilled tradesWhether you're planning a custom home, interested in building science, or simply want to understand how to create a healthier, more comfortable living environment, this episode is packed with valuable insights from one of the industry's most experienced professionals.A1 Mechanical Heating and Cooling Website or call 937-865-2325Email Jeff your comments, questions, and topic requests, or be a guest on The WB Download.Email: WBDOWNLOAD@wielandbuilders.comSee Wieland Builders custom home gallery www.wielandbuilders.comReceive inspiration monthly in our monthly newsletter See podcast behind the scenes photosFollow us on Facebook, Instagram, YouTube, Houzz , LinkedIn or Pinterest
"Paul Wheeler's original recording of the Beam Engine evoked a haunting sound of the steam-powered mechanics in an abandoned subway or perhaps a disused tube station on the London underground."Frozen in time, and haunted by the sounds and reflections of the past.Mechanical remains still try to function in a lost existence, where they are no longer seen or heard."A theme which I find moving and provocative as a metaphor for elements of modern society, where echo chambers scream relevance, but do not exist in the physical world - and where people can exist and cease to exist in a void of invisibility.I love films like Death Line and Quatermass And The Pit, and I am firmly stuck in the past."Markfield beam engine reimagined by Dave Andrews / Zegazoid.
Welcome to Mysteries to Die For.I am TG Wolff and am here with Jack, my piano player and producer. This is a podcast where we combine storytelling with original music to put you in the heart of a mystery. All stories are structured to challenge you to beat the detective to the solution. Jack and I perform these live, front to back, no breaks, no fakes, no retakes.In the world's most dangerous working environments it can seem like everything is out to kill you. The equipment you use. The materials you work with. The very air you breathe. Stored energy is a coiled viper waiting for the right moment to lash out. Owners, manufacturers, contractors, and beyond have developed safety protocols to combat STCKY, that is, Stuff That Can Kill You. Gravity, Motion, Mechanical, Electrical, Pressure, Sound, Radiation, Biological, Chemical, Temperature. This season is all about the means of murder as authors put our STCKY detective skills to the test. This is Season 9, Stuff That Can Kill You.This is Episode 11, where motion is our STCKY means of death. This is Time to Die by TG WolffDELIBERATIONCrewe's hope for a calm holiday seaside isn't working out for him. He needs our help to catch Frank Lumsden's killer to get back to his chess game. Here are his suspects:Captain Harry Marsland, war vetElsie Maynard, local beautyArnold Brett, war vet, Elsie's fiancéMr. and Mrs. Granger, puzzle master and psychic, respectively“Time to Die” is a short story adaptation of “The Mystery of the Downs” by John Watson and Arthur J. Reese. The book is in the public domain and is available from Project Gutenberg. https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/45658ABOUT TG WolffTG Wolff has never been able resist a good puzzle. With an engineer's mind for logic and a lifelong love of mysteries, she crafts whodunnit stories that challenge readers to outsmart her detective. Her books are filled with quirky characters, red herrings, and—because she firmly believes solving (fictional) murders should be fun—a healthy dose of humor.TG earned both her Bachelor's and Master's degrees in civil engineering. Curiosity drives her fiction, where nothing is ever accidental and every detail counts. A Cleveland, Ohio native, she now lives in northeast Indiana with her husband and two sons, where dogs and mysteries are always welcome.Website: tgwolff.comFacebook: @tina.wolff.125Instagram: @tg_wolffWRAP UPThat wraps this episode of Mysteries to Die For. Support our show by subscribing or telling a mystery lover about us. Check out our website m2d4podcast.com for links to this season's authors and our Facebook and Instagram socials for episode details.Mysteries to Die For is hosted by TG Wolff and Jack Wolff. Time to Die was written by TG Wolff. Music and production are by Jack Wolff. Episode art is by TG Wolff. Join us next week for a Toe Tag, which is the first chapter from a fresh release in the mystery, crime, or thriller genre. Then come back in two weeks for our next original story where electricity is our STCKY means of murder. It's Current Situation by Kathleen Marple Kalb
We kick off todays episode with some weekday adventures, This week i talk about my new obsession, which is a watch craze that i spiral into since the AP drop. Ive really went down a rabbit hole of rolexes, even down to my first watch ever bought and now i want to make this new obsession a hobby. I don't know how far i am getting because it is an expensive hobby. I also speak about how i obsess a bout another hobby and how i find my self day dreaming over it, and it is playing the game Gran Turismo. I feel like when i drive in real life i can see the video game cluster on my windshield., pretty sure that's dangerous. From there i get into Gen Z again and i don't think they're aware of the rules of the road, and it's quite annoying.( 00:00 - 27:04 )In the movie review section we talk about film movies and other things and give the worse takes. This week we're critiquing the movie “ Back Doors” and this movie was very nostalgic to me. I remember when backrooms started out on a 4chan page in 2010, and now its a whole movie and not a youtube series. Now i really don't speak of the movie, only how it made me feel and all the emotions it triggered. This movie was cool but it had its own message that stayed from the original lore… at least to me i feel. It never really had a definite reason but the movie had its own objective and it was cool. ( 27:05 - 41:16 )I then jump into The Cool Report where we discuss Mr beast pilot being caught with pound of zaza… sike he was more of a contestant than a personal pilot. But it was a pretty interesting story to indulge in. Then we get into more NYC laws, where the governor finds it more important to care about parental tittles instead of all the real NY problems. Utilities is high, cost of living is high, gas is high, but dear lord let us figure out the new parental titles. Then we get into cyber bullying of a great celeb, we shall not give Elmo slander in my podcast network. ( 41:17 - 01:01:21 )We then step into a segment where the listeners ask me 3 questions about myself or just randomness. A character wants to know if i standing on not taking down studs, and they were grossly mistaken. They's them don't start a chance with I. Another character wants to know with which latino i identify with and i am off brown, like a taupe or tan. Then we get a character asking is it okay to love a sport more than your wife and i say f yes. Love when the ball is in your court( 01:01:22 - 01:14:33 )Then we have 2 fans ask us a questions for PTL where we get asked the tough questions where we place ourselves in their shoes. A lover submits a question thats not a question, it more of a statement against the big people community. They just submitted a question that was all about violence. Another lover wants to know why they always keep making fun of his partners age difference. My suggestion is take them out to the park before the sun raises and no one would notice.( 01:14:34 - 01:24:12 )THE FINThanks to everyone that shows us love and wish y'all the best on the journey called life.( 01:24:13- 01:26:18 )please continue to like, share, comment and subscribe. Also check out my friend @acgwipeout on youtube and instagram.PEACE OUT!!!! For questions to be answered on Part time lover please email @nospecialcharacterspod@gmail.comTIME CODEINTRO/ WHAT'S NEW - 00:00MOVIE REVIEW - 27:05THE COOL REPORT - 41:17ASK ME A QUESTION - 01:01:22PART TIME LOVER - 01:14:34OUTRO - 01:24:13
Boost your focus with Neurogum—a cleaner, faster alternative to coffee: https://neurogumindia.comSubscribe to Dostcast Clips:https://www.youtube.com/@dostcastclips?sub_confirmation=1Listen to Dostcast on Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/show/70vrbHeSvrcXyOeISTyBSy?si=be05dbdd564245d9Join the Dostcast Janta Party on WhatsApp for regular updates: https://whatsapp.com/channel/0029VbAZwo5D8SDs5kf94N3TWant to suggest a guest?Fill this form: https://docs.google.com/forms/d/1ft_-1QDs7XpsSWnaPOeF21yUlhk9bzKvwHSyh4hHfBU/edit?usp=drivesdk====================================================================Harsh Babbar and Pankaj Soni are two of India's most respected automotive YouTubers, known for their no-nonsense takes on the Indian car industry. Harsh runs Carversal, one of India's biggest car channels with over 1M+ subscribers, famous for honest reviews and deep dives into the auto world. Pankaj, an Automobile Engineer by training, runs Mechanical Jugadu, where he breaks down test drives, car maintenance, and the technical side of cars in a way anyone can understand. In this episode, Vinamre, Harsh, and Pankaj discuss:• The Thar and Creta hype — and why Cretas keep getting stolen• The best cars to buy in every price bracket, from ₹10 lakh to ₹2 crore• The E20 fuel mess and whether EVs are being forced on Indian buyers• Kerala's wild car modification scene — legal vs illegal• How dealerships scam buyers and the safety ratings industry exposed• Dream garages, absurd vehicles, ADAS, and the truth about Indian driving habitsFollow Harsh Babbar on: YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/@carversalFollow Pankaj Soni on: YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC0dgSHLxgOhziV3GETbXBfATimestamps:0:00 Coming Up1:00 Thar/Creta Hype5:19 Ferrari Luce8:55 Replace Your Coffee With This10:01 Underrated Cars11:00 BYD, Vinfast, Jetour Reaction23:25 Best Car in 0-10L26:40 Best Car in 10-20L31:00 Best Car in 20-30L40:00 Best Car in 30-40L45:50 Best Car in 40-60L53:00 Kerala Modifications58:00 Best Car in 60L-1CR1:07:20 Best Car in 1-2CR1:09:50 Dream Garage1:14:50 Most Absurd Vehicles1:16:20 E20 & EV Crisis1:29:30 EU-FTA Deal1:32:50 Dos and Don'ts of Driving1:41:06 Different Types of Transmission1:44:50 Sports Mode1:49:00 Cameras and Navigation1:54:00 Secret Features in Cars1:56:00 Safety Ratings Exposed1:59:45 Uber Cars2:03:20 YouTube Careers of Pankaj and Harsh2:05:15 Dealership Scams2:07:00 Speed Cams and Safety2:10:00 Conclusion====================================================================Vinamre Kasanaa is a writer at heart, podcaster and entrepreneur by craft.He spends a significant part of his time reading and researching.With over 500 podcasts under his belt, he's interviewed everyone—from HNIs and industry leaders to everyday superheroes.Follow Vinamre:LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/vinamre-kasanaa-b8524496/Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/vinamrekasanaa/Twitter: https://twitter.com/VinamreKasanaaDostcast: Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/dostcast/Twitter: https://twitter.com/dostcast====================================================================Contact Us:For business inquiries: dostcast@egiplay.com
When you're living through a period of suffering, grief, or unanswered questions, trusting that God is still working for your good can seem unbelievable.In this conversation, Ellen sits down with Amy Loflin from Echo Joy Collective to discuss how suffering can shape our view of God, what it looks like to hold on to faith when life doesn't make sense, and how Jesus meets us in the middle of our pain.Together, they discuss: the lies suffering can make us believe about Godhow to trust God when He feels distant or silentwhat the bleeding woman in Luke 8 teaches us about faith and healingpractical ways to meet with God during difficult seasonshow suffering can deepen our dependence on ChristWhether you're facing loss, doubt, chronic pain, or grief, our prayer is that this episode reminds you that God is near, trustworthy, and present even in the midst of suffering.Read Amy's book: A Story Worth Living: Reclaim Your Confidence, Purpose, and PeaceScripture referenced:Romans 8:28 | Luke 8:40-48 | Leviticus 13:45-46 | Psalm 42:7
For years, the assumption was that the world would only become more digital — more connected, more automated, more dependent on screens. And yet, in recent years, there seems to have been a subtle shift in the opposite direction. Vinyl records are thriving, physical books remain popular, wired headphones and MP3 players are back, and younger generations increasingly talk about wanting more intentional, less connected experiences. So, where do mechanical watches fit into all of this? In this episode of Fratello Talks, Nacho is joined by Daan and Thomas to discuss whether this broader craving for the analog could point toward a healthy future for mechanical watches. The conversation touches on digital fatigue, analog objects, and why these slightly more impractical things can sometimes feel more meaningful than ever.
Bicycle Talk. Episode 485 May 3rd 2026. Ron's Rant: Gas prices go down? Not much, just pennies. And Ron rant's a Facebook post about cyclists needing to be licensed. On a positive side: Mansfield Elementary School bicycle education program. The Giro has ended. What a race! Mechanical minute and cycling tips: […]
In this episode of Status Check with Spivey, Mike has a conversation with Orin Kerr, a prominent law professor and legal academic who currently serves as a Professor of Law at Stanford Law School and a Senior Fellow at Stanford's Hoover Institution. In his 25+ years as a law school faculty member, Professor Kerr has written 75+ law review articles, authored casebooks, and been cited in 4,500+ academic articles and 500+ judicial decisions, including several U.S. Supreme Court opinions. He has held tenured positions at Stanford Law, GW Law, USC Law, and UC Berkeley Law, and he has been a visiting professor at UChicago Law, Penn Law, and Yale Law.In addition to his career in academia, Professor Kerr completed two clerkships, including a Supreme Court clerkship with Justice Anthony Kennedy, argued before the Supreme Court, and practiced law for a number of years, including as a trial attorney for the Department of Justice in the Computer Crime and Intellectual Property Section and as a Special Assistant U.S. Attorney for the Eastern District of Virginia. He has a bachelor's degree in Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering from Princeton University, a master's degree in Mechanical Engineering from Stanford University, and a J.D. from Harvard Law School. Professor Kerr discusses how law schools try to balance preparing students to be practice-ready with teaching how to think like a lawyer (5:49), what Professor Kerr sees as the “ideal” legal training (11:27), what professors actually think when someone messes up a cold call (37:58), how and when he knew he wanted to become a law professor (1:47), the “old way” and the “new way” that law schools hire faculty (3:41), advice for prospective law students who want to become law professors (12:32), the different types of law professors (12:51), every professor's least favorite part of the job (23:12), the built-in advantages that some students enter law school already having (32:48), Professor Kerr's most-read law review article (33:50), and more.They also discuss a video that Professor Kerr recorded last year, “So You're About To Start Law School: A Law Student's Guide with Stanford Law Professor Orin Kerr.” You can watch that video for free on YouTube here.You can listen and subscribe to Status Check with Spivey on Apple Podcasts, Spotify, and YouTube. You can read a full transcript of this episode with timestamps here.
What if parking could actually increase the value of a real estate project? Sean Fitch, National Sales Director at KLAUS Multiparking America, joins us to discuss how mechanical parking systems are transforming commercial real estate, urban development, and multifamily projects across the country. From increasing density and reducing construction costs to creating additional revenue opportunities for developers, this conversation explores why more CRE professionals are rethinking traditional parking models. This episode offers a real-world look at how innovative parking solutions can unlock hidden value in development projects and help solve some of the biggest challenges facing modern cities. Learn more about KLAUS Multiparking: https://us.multiparking.com/ Presented by Wall Street Capital Partners A firm focused on commercial real estate, capital markets, and strategic investment opportunities across sectors. https://wallstreetcapitalpartners.net/
As America's energy infrastructure undergoes a massive evolution, one critical trade is quietly keeping it all efficient: mechanical insulation. On today's episode of the America's Work Force Union Podcast, host Ed "Flash" Ferenc welcomes back Pete Ielmini, Executive Director of the Mechanical Insulators Labor Management Cooperative Trust (LMCT), for his monthly update. Pete reveals the latest behind-the-scenes push on Capitol Hill and details why the future of American energy security relies on skilled union labor. Key Topics Covered in This Episode: Bipartisan Momentum on Capitol Hill: An inside look at Senate Bill 4312 (S.4312), the Federal Mechanical Insulation Act of 2026. Sponsored by Senators Catherine Cortez Masto and Steve Daines, this bill aims to mandate insulation upgrades across 350,000 federal buildings to save taxpayer dollars. The Power of Thermal Imaging: How the LMCT is utilizing live thermal camera demonstrations at trade shows to make energy waste instantly visible to architects, engineers, and facility managers. The Data Center Cooling Demand: Why modern data centers—which require constant cooling between 55 to 60 degrees—are creating a massive pipeline of work for mechanical insulators. The Nuclear Energy Revival: Pete makes a direct case for nuclear power as the cleanest, most efficient solution to America's energy deficit, highlighting Microsoft's reactivation of Three Mile Island and the rise of small modular reactors. Learn More: To find out more about the legislation and the economic impact of mechanical insulation, visit mechanicalinsulatorslmct.com.
Bible teacher Edna Blake talks about her years of discipling people organically: a life-on-life walk with others where both sides grow, leading people to Jesus through His word, and how it applies to where they're at. Daniel Darling, author of "Biblical Wisdom for Everyday Life," talks about how to apply Biblical principles to some of the many confusing issues of modern life that aren't directly mentioned in Bible, or are complicated by our modern contexts. The Reconnect with Carmen and all Faith Radio are made possible by your support. Give now: Click here
Audio from recent webinar, sponsored by Angiodynamics. This webinar focuses on optimizing the overall efficiency of the thrombectomy procedure for pulmonary embolism (PE), with an emphasis on the AlphaVac Mechanical Thrombectomy System. Experts will explore strategies for managing blood loss during the procedure, improving patient outcomes, and streamlining workflow for faster, more effective treatment. The session will highlight how the AlphaVac system can enhance these aspects, leading to better recovery and more efficient clinical practices in PE management. Featuring the following speakers: Dr. Sabah Butty Dr. Peter Monteleone Dr. Brian Stegman
Comments/ideas: ACFpod@outlook.comIn this episode, Tan Chong Yee, Chief Financial Officer of FlyORO Technologies, joins us to unpack the critical logistics and funding mechanisms needed to scale sustainable aviation fuel across the Asia-Pacific region. We explore how innovative distributed blending infrastructure solves last-mile supply chain bottlenecks and helps bend the jet fuel cost curve. Climate finance and business professionals will gain valuable insights into derisking capital execution, navigating fragmented regional policies, and structuring bankable corporate offtake agreements. Tune in to discover how the aviation industry is transforming high-risk climate bets into essential, scalable energy infrastructure. Ref: FlyORO Technologies Pte LtdABOUT CHONG YEE: Tan Chong Yee is the Chief Financial Officer at FlyORO Technologies, bringing over 15 years of corporate finance and leadership experience to high-growth environments. He has a track record of rolling up his sleeves across fundraising, financial planning, and operational scaling, using data to drive real decisions rather than just reports. Chong Yee holds a BEng in Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering and an MSc in Technopreneurship and Innovation, both from NTU. He is also a Six Sigma Green Belt certified by ASME and an Associate Chartered Valuer and Appraiser under IVAS.RECOMENDATIONSMaking Net-Zero Aviation Possible: A McKinsey & Company report that analyses the nature, timing, cost, and commercial scale of actions required to deliver net-zero emissions within the global aviation sector by 2050.The SAF Roadmap: A World Economic Forum and McKinsey & Company publication that outlines cross-sector frameworks and investment pathways needed to break the commercial impasse and scale sustainable aviation fuel adoption by 2030.HOST, PRODUCTION, ARTWORK: Joseph Jacobelli | MUSIC: Ep76 onward excerpts from Vivaldi's La Follia, played by Luca Jacobelli.
And so then I said "And my long-stick-with-a-hook-on-the-end!" and they were like "You mean a *staff*??" so I just left out of embarrassment.Today we're talking about Hypogea by Charlie Wagner! A game about climbing out of a megastructure and meeting little guys.Get Hypogea on Steam!!! Follow Charlie Wagner's work on itch.io!Discussed in the episode:Hypogea | the world's coolest automaton parkour game by nocaps on YouTubeAdditional linksrating the vibes of megastructure games by nocaps on YouTube---Support us on Ko-fi!Visit our website!Follow us on YouTube!Follow the show on Bluesky!Check out The Worst Garbage Online!---Art by Tara CrawfordTheme music by _amaranthineAdditional sounds by BoqehProduced and edited by AJ Fillari---Timecodes:(00:00) - The horrors of dirty soda (00:41) - RIP Arthur Morgan (01:15) - NOT HYPERBEAT (01:37) - YES Hypogea (02:41) - What is Hypogea (05:18) - The joy of movement (08:23) - Rewarding attention (11:07) - The controls and progession (14:40) - Little guys and why they're here (17:48) - The use of body language (19:12) - Vaulting over to spoilers! (19:28) - The relationships (25:35) - The recollections and the story (31:25) - Mechanical moments (33:48) - The structure of the world (37:01) - The final moments and cosmic improbability (38:46) - Shoutout to freesound.org (42:02) - I regret saying this (42:28) - AJ's Big Takeaway (44:20) - Chase's Big Takeaway (47:35) - Robin's Big Takeaway (49:52) - The final shot of the game (51:18) - Thank you so much for listening! ★ Support this podcast ★
Welcome to Mysteries to Die For.I am TG Wolff and am here with Jack, my piano player and producer. This is a podcast where we combine storytelling with original music to put you in the heart of a mystery. All stories are structured to challenge you to beat the detective to the solution. Jack and I perform these live, front to back, no breaks, no fakes, no retakes.In the world's most dangerous working environments it can seem like everything is out to kill you. The equipment you use. The materials you work with. The very air you breathe. Stored energy is a coiled viper waiting for the right moment to lash out. Owners, manufacturers, contractors, and beyond have developed safety protocols to combat STCKY, that is, Stuff That Can Kill You. Gravity, Motion, Mechanical, Electrical, Pressure, Sound, Radiation, Biological, Chemical, Temperature. This season is all about the means of murder as authors put our STCKY detective skills to the test. This is Season 9, Stuff That Can Kill You.This is Episode 10a, where mechanical is our STCKY means of death. This is Finely Ground Karma Part 1 by Jason LittleDeliberationSenior detective Pam McCarthy and newly minted detective Michelle Montoya are facing a bloody tough case, English pun fully intended. According to most, Fred “Bubba” Fitzgerald wasn't a good guy but who disliked him enough to turn his trade against him. Here are the suspects in the order we met them:Michelle Montoya, new detective, transfer from Dallas … or is she?Manual “Q” Aldana, stringer at the plant and meth smokerStuart “Little Dipper” Matheson, dipping pool operator and meth smokerSamantha Tipton, plant HR, secretary, and new girlfriendEllie Fitzgerald, soon-to-be ex wifeAntonio, former employee, Ellie's new fiancé, and Dahlia's brotherDahlia, psychic and Antonio's sisterABOUT Jason LittleJason Little is a Texas-based fiction writer known for crafting dark, suspense-driven stories with sharp twists and unforgettable endings. His work spans horror, mystery, and psychological thrillers, with a focus on stories that linger long after the final line.He is a recurring contributor to Mysteries to Die For, where his stories challenge listeners to solve the mystery before the truth is revealed.For readers who want more, Jason publishes exclusive horror stories, longer-form fiction, and behind-the-scenes content that is always written by a human, never by AI, on his Patreon at FromtheFrightVault.Now let's just to know Jason a little more. Jack recently had the opportunity to connection with Jason and ask probing questions like only Jack can do.Mysteries to Die For is proud to have Jason as one of our episode writers. We look forward to every one of his stories, always expecting the unexpected. Again, check out his website JasonLittleWriting.com for more of Jason's storytelling.WRAP UPThat wraps this episode of Mysteries to Die For. Support our show by subscribing, telling a mystery lover about us, and giving us a five-star review. Check out our website m2d4podcast.com for links to this season's authors.Mysteries to Die For is hosted by TG Wolff and Jack Wolff. Finely Ground Karma was written by Jason Little. Music and production are by Jack Wolff. Episode art is by TG Wolff. Join us next week for a Toe Tag, which is the first chapter from a fresh release in the mystery, crime, or thriller genre. Then come back in two weeks for our next original story where pressure is our STCKY means of murder. It's Time to Die by TG Wolff, and adaptation of The Mystery of the Downs by John Watson and Arthur J. Rees.BONUS: Mysteries to Die For is joining Partners in Crime for a special event - 10 Ways to Make your Mystery Mediocre. Whether you're a writer or a fan, you'll laugh til your belly aches and TG and Jack explore ways to take an awesome story and make it just ok.Date and Time: June 11 at 6:00 p.m. estLocation:Interactive Zoom session (best if you want to ask questions)... register here:https://us06web.zoom.us/meeting/register/9xS1sIAETmqhVfMxHRv3NAWatch on Facebook Live > https://www.facebook.com/events/2817211571959778Watch on YouTube Live > https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BqA3MhbCy0M
In this episode of the Build Show Podcast, Matt Risinger sits down with Jordan Smith to work through the full spectrum of residential HVAC mechanical systems — from the bare minimum to the over-engineered. The conversation moves quickly from what not to do (single-stage compressors with flex duct in unconditioned attics) to what actually performs: separate air handlers per floor, dedicated dehumidification, and ERV systems for continuous fresh air. For two-story homes, both agree that zone dampers are a dead end and that two independent systems are the only real solution. The middle-ground sweet spot they land on is dual single-stage units paired with at least one dehumidifier and a basic fresh-air intake strategy. A recurring theme is that equipment brand matters far less than installer quality — a well-installed Goodman beats a poorly installed premium unit every time. Huge thanks to our episode sponsor, JELD-WEN. Learn more at: https://www.jeld-wen.com/en-us Watch full episodes of Matt on Facebook, Instagram and Build Show Network. https://www.facebook.com/buildshownetworkhttps://www.instagram.com/risingerbuild/https://buildshownetwork.com/go/mattrisinger Don't miss a single episode of Build Show content. Sign up for our newsletter.
If you've ever looked at your dumbbell collection and thought, “Am I supposed to just keep buying heavier weights forever?” then this episode is for you.Britany breaks down one of the most misunderstood concepts in fitness: progressive overload. She explains how muscle growth doesn't only come from lifting heavier and how women working out at home can continue building strength, muscle, and better health even when they feel stuck with the equipment they already have.She also shares the honest reality of home workouts, why your body adapts faster than you think, and the uncomfortable truth about why many women stop seeing results in their workouts.In this episode, we discuss: What progressive overload actually means Why muscle growth is about more than just lifting heavier Mechanical tension explained simply How to gain muscle with limited dumbbells How to use reps, tempo, and sets to continue progressing Why your workouts may no longer feel effective Resources mentioned in this episode:Get 20% off The Essential Dumbbell Exercise Tutorial Guide hereGet a free 7-day trial of the Sweat App and join Britany's Mid Year Challenge SIGN UP FOR BRITANY'S NEWSLETTERhttps://britany.myflodesk.com/filterfreeASK BRITANY A QUESTION OR REQUEST A TOPIChttps://forms.gle/j9NC3yM5vrdBs8mJ8
Is "muscle confusion" just bro science, or does recent strength training research actually back it up? You might be surprised...We get into how muscles grow, why exercise selection changes which regions of a muscle develop, and the role of muscle length in hypertrophy.This episode covers the last decade of research on exercise variation and hypertrophy. These include studies on leg press vs. leg extension and on triceps and hamstrings at different muscle lengths.We distinguish the original P90X version of "muscle confusion" from the systematic variation (aka periodization and mesocycles) that you can intentionally plan into your strength training programming.This framing matters most for adults over 40 who've been told to pick a few compound lifts and add weight to the bar forever (sound familiar?).Join Eat More Lift Heavy, the 26-week coached program where adults over 40 build the nutrition and training skills to preserve muscle, lose fat, and manage their physique for life.Timestamps:0:00 - Muscle confusion and exercise variation 2:25 - Where "muscle confusion" came from 4:00 - Mechanical tension and progressive overload 5:52 - Muscles as regional structures 7:30 - Regional hypertrophy in the quads 10:24 - Muscle length and hypertrophy 14:30 - Strategic exercise selection 15:45 - Training programming for adults over 40 17:01 - 3 rules for planned variation 20:42 - Caveats on variation 23:35 - Bonus: lengthened-position swap per muscle group
Grandpa Bill Utilizes KAVE COGS & OTHER ACRONYMS Explore the transformative power of visualization and sensory mastery with Grandpa Bill. Discover how engaging your kinesthetic senses can elevate memory, reduce stress, and promote holistic wellness. This episode offers practical exercises to enhance your mental clarity and physical vitality.Grandpa Bill Asks:How can sensory visualization improve your daily mindfulness practice?What impact does engaging multiple senses have on your overall well-being?
Howard Penrose of MotorDoc joins to discuss current signature analysis, uptower circulating currents wrecking main bearings, and full drivetrain scans in minutes. Reach out at info@motordoc.com or on LinkedIn. Sign up now for Uptime Tech News, our weekly email update on all things wind technology. This episode is sponsored by Weather Guard Lightning Tech. Learn more about Weather Guard’s StrikeTape Wind Turbine LPS retrofit. Follow the show on Facebook, YouTube, Twitter, Linkedin and visit Weather Guard on the web. And subscribe to Rosemary Barnes’ YouTube channel here. Have a question we can answer on the show? Email us! Howard Penrose: [00:00:00] Welcome to Uptime Spotlight, shining light on wind energy’s brightest innovators. This is the progress powering tomorrow. Allen Hall: Howard, welcome back to the program. Howard Penrose: Hey, thanks for having me. Allen Hall: It’s about time everybody realizes what motorDoc can do. There’s so much technology, and I’ve been watching- Yeah … your Chaos and Caffeine podcast on Saturday morning, which are full of really, really good information about the motorDoc as a company, all the things you’re doing out in the field, and how you’re solving real-world problems, not imaginary ones- Yeah real-world problems. Oh, yeah. Yeah, and Howard Penrose: whatever annoys me that week. Exactly. And, and whatever great coffee I’m trying out. Yes. Except for a few. We’ve had the ReliaSquatch down our- Yes … um, a couple of times. Uh, yeah, no, I, I enjoy it, and we gotta get you on there sometime. I don’t do- I, it- … a lot of interviews other than an AI character we put in. Allen Hall: It’s a very interesting show because you’re [00:01:00] getting a little bit of comedy and humor and s- Yeah … and a, and a coffee review, which is very helpful because I’ve tried some of the coffees that you have reviewed, that you’ve given the thumbs up to. But if you’re operating wind turbines and you’re trying to understand what’s happening on the drivetrain side, on the generator, everything out to the blades even, main bearings, gearboxes- Yeah all those rotating heavy, expensive parts, there’s a lot of ways to diagnose them- Howard Penrose: Yes … Allen Hall: that are sort of like we can look at a gear, we can look at a joint, we can look at roller bearings, whatever, but motorDoc has a way to quickly diagnose all of that chain in about- Yeah … 15 seconds. Howard Penrose: Well, a little longer than 15 sec- more like a minute. A minute, okay. It feels like paint drying. But- Uh, in any case, yeah. Uh, uh, and, and what’s kind of funny is, um, back in the ’90s, uh, EPRI actually accidentally steered the technology away from its [00:02:00] core purpose, which was in 1985, um, NAVSEA, the US Navy, had done research on using current signature analysis for looking at pumps, fans, and compressors, the bearings, the belts, the components, all the rotating components using the motor as the sensor. Not too much different than we are now. I mean, mind you, we got better resolution now, we’ve got, uh, more powerful– I mean, I look at my data from the ’90s, and now it’s completely different. Um, and then Oak Ridge National Lab, same thing, bearings and gears in motor-operated valves. So in 2003, we were the first ones to apply electrical and current signature analysis to some wind turbines in the Mojave Desert. Wow. Yeah. So, um, nobody had tried it before. Everybody said it couldn’t be done. And, uh, that was a bad thing to say to me because- … it meant I was gonna get it [00:03:00] done. Right. At that time, um, we were looking at bearing issues and some blatant conditions with the, um, with the, uh, generator using a technology called Altest, ’cause I was with Altest at the time. And, uh, I had taken an EMPath software and blended it with a, a power analyzer, and they still have that tool to this day. I was using that technology all the way through 2015. 2016, I should say. And then- And then switched over to the pure EMPath, which was more of an engineering tool. And then more recently, in 2022, uh, made the decision to ha- to take all the work we’d done on over 6,000 turbines, uh, looking at how we were looking at the data and what we were doing on the industrial side, and took a, uh, created a current signature analyzer that would do one phase of current to analyze the entire powertrain. Allen Hall: So when you tell [00:04:00] operators you can do this magic, I think a lotta times they gotta go, “ Howard Penrose: What?” Oh, yeah, yeah. They don’t understand it because they’re used to vibration- Right … which is a point analysis system. Right. Allen Hall: Vibration at this- Yeah … particular location. Yeah. One spot- Even if it’s- … or a couple Howard Penrose: spots triax, they’re reading through material, up through a transducer. Hopefully, they put it above the bearing and not in the middle of the machine like everybody is now, because everybody’s trying to sell a sensor. Right. True. They’re not selling a- they’re not selling accuracy. They’re just selling sensors. Right. So, um- Yeah … you know, uh, I, I’ll, I’ll even talk about one of the companies here. We’ve got Onyx here, and they do it right. I mean, they’ve been doing it right pretty well because we’ve been doing some of the same towers they’re on, and we can match the data they’re getting. Oh, good. Right? Yeah. Uh, so but they get it in multiple spots, and there’s areas they can’t quite reach, so we’ll detect those areas as well. So it’s a good melding of two technologies. Allen Hall: Oh, sure. Sure, Howard Penrose: sure. You know what I mean? Yeah, yeah, yeah. So when you have electrical signature and you have vibration, but in [00:05:00] cases if you don’t have vibration, we’re a direct replacement. Allen Hall: Because the generator- I Howard Penrose: dare say that. Allen Hall: Yeah. Whichever– Howard Penrose: I dare say that, um, with- Well, the Allen Hall: generator is acting as the sensor. Howard Penrose: The air gap. The air gap in the generator s- specifically, yes. Yeah. Generator, motor, transformer. Right. Allen Hall: Yeah. So any of those- Mm-hmm … you can clamp onto, look at the current that’s on there. Everything that’s happening on the drivetrain, in the gearbox, out on the rotor- Yep … main bearings, all of that creates vibration. Creates a torque. T- a, a torque. Yeah. Yes, more exactly a torque. Yeah. And that’s seen in the generator, in the current coming out of the generator. Yes. So those signals, although minute, are still there. Yes. So if you clamp onto that current coming out of the generator, you’ll see the typical AC sine wave sitting there. But on top of that- Is all the information about how that drivetrain is doing Howard Penrose: Absolutely, and everything else. Anything electrical comes through [00:06:00] that. So what you do is just like vibration, you do a spectral analysis. So every component has a frequency associated with it, just like vibration. It’s, as a matter of fact, I, I keep having to try to explain to people electrical and current signature analysis is no different than vibration analysis. It’s the same concept. We use the same tools. The signature looks just a little different. It’s a little noisier, um, but you need that noise in order to see everything. But we have a time waveform, and instead of, um, inches per second or millimeters per second, whatever, you know, uh, velocity, acceleration, and displacement, uh, what we end up with is decibels is the optimal method. You can look at straight voltage signatures at those points or, or current signatures, but the values are so small that you have to look at it from a logarithmic standpoint. Right. There are some benefits to it versus vibration, and there’s some things that aren’t as good as vibration. [00:07:00] So, you know, we, we do… You have to… Any technology is gonna have their strengths and weaknesses. Sure. So we will see everything all at once. Load doesn’t matter. Right. Speed doesn’t matter. It’s… Only reason speed matters is the location of the frequencies. Uh, so the higher the resolution, meaning the longer you take data, the less chance you have on a lightly lo- loaded machine of blending the peaks together. Right. Um, on the flip side, if I have two bearings turning at the exact same speed, I couldn’t tell you which one it is. Because they’re the same. Right. Allen Hall: And the mechanical features of that bearing is w- what creates the signal that you’re measuring. Exactly. So if a bearing has five rollers versus 10, just imaginary thing. Yeah, yeah. Five rollers versus 10 has a different electrical signature, so you can determine, like, that bearing, that 10 roller bearing- Yes … has the problem, the five is fine. Yes. Yeah. That’s the magic, and I think people don’t translate the mechanical world into the electrical world. That that’s what’s [00:08:00]happening. They, Howard Penrose: they don’t because, because what’s happening is they named it wrong. Allen Hall: Yes. Howard Penrose: A majority of our users are mechanical folks. Sure. Our vibration analysts and stuff like, ’cause they know how to look at the signatures. Right. Everybody tries to force it on their electrical people, and electrical people go, “We don’t know what this is.” Yeah. And it’s, it’s, it’s a matter of that training and, and, you know, in the electrical world, you’re not taught to look at that. Right. Yeah. It doesn’t matter. Mechanical world, you’re taught to look at that. So our intern, we were trying to bring in electrical engineering interns and found out that just wasn’t working. So last year, I brought in my first, uh, intern that’s, you know, he’s been with us now since I brought him in. Okay. Uh, and, uh, Amar, and, uh, you know, he’s helped us develop our vi- uh, vibration software to go along with it. Guess what? It’s the same thing. It’s the exact same sy- system Um, but we just take in a vibration signal instead. But he picked up on it immediately as a [00:09:00] third-year college student. I can take somebody with a decade as an electrical engineer with a PhD and they can’t figure it out. Allen Hall: Well, because you’re, you’re taking real- Because it’s different. Yeah. It’s r- well, it’s real-world components- Howard Penrose: Yeah … Allen Hall: creating electrical signals. That’s hard- Well, you have- … to process for a lot of people. Yeah, Howard Penrose: yeah. It’s Allen Hall: just not Howard Penrose: something that we do every day. But that’s… If they, i- if we sa- i- i- if you’re looking at vibration and you start looking at the sensor, it gets complicated too, ’cause guess what? It’s an electrical signal. Right. It’s, it is technically electrical signature now. It’s converting a Allen Hall: mechanical signal- Right … into an electrical signal, which is what’s happening in the generator anyway. Yeah. Howard Penrose: Whether it’s a piezoelectric cell that’s generating a small signal- Yeah … on top of a small waveform that you then take out, you demodulate, uh, or it’s, uh… So you take that carrier frequency out, or it’s a MEMS sensor, which is the same thing. You know, the, it just sees some slower s- It, it does more of a digital output. So you, you, you know, you have those, or you [00:10:00] have this, which just basically uses a component of the machine to, to, as its own sensor. There is one other difference between them, too, and, uh, I find this very useful when I’m going out troubleshooting something that other people can’t figure out, uh, ’cause we use all the technologies. So in this case, it would be, uh, the structural movement. Okay? So, so say I have a generator and there’s something wrong with the structure, and the whole machine is vibrating. So y- well, if I put a transducer on it, they might think that’s vibration or something else. We don’t see it. Right. We only see directly exactly what’s happening with the machine. Sure. So a lot of times when we go in to troubleshoot something that people have done vibration on and everything else, it’s been pro- a, a problem for them for years. We walk in, and all of a sudden we’re identifying whether it’s the machine or it’s something else right off the bat. Then we can take a look at the vibration data and [00:11:00] say, “Okay, it wasn’t the bearing or the bearing, um, structure. It was, you know, the mounting.” Right. It wasn’t Allen Hall: fastened Howard Penrose: down properly. Yeah, Allen Hall: yeah. Right. Howard Penrose: Go tighten that bolt. Right, exactly. Allen Hall: Well, I mean, that’s the cheap answer. Yeah. I’d rather tighten a bolt than rip apart a motor or a generator- And, and- … every day … Howard Penrose: and that’s the whole point. Now, there are other strengths that go with it. So for instance, on the powertrain of a wind turbine, I can tell you if you’ve lubricated the bearings correctly. Wow. Because part of what we do is we do take those electrical signatures, and we convert those over to watts. Watts is an energy conversion. Sure. So you see that as heat or some type of loss. So whatever, whatever’s being lost there is not being sent to the customer. To the outside. Right. Making money. So, um, if I’m taking a look at, say, a main bearing, I might see watts or kilowatts of losses. So you’re gonna have some ’cause you have friction, right? But when we see it increase on, say, a roller, [00:12:00] or the rollers, or, or the cage, that’s usually an indicator that I have a lubrication issue. Or if we only see it on the outer race, that means that they didn’t clear out all the old grease when they were lubricating it, ’cause the rollers then have to ride across it- Right … ’cause it dries up. Allen Hall: Sure. Howard Penrose: Uh, and will carry contaminants. So if you see that, you go up, clean it up, you’ll extend the life of the bearing. Absolutely you will. Without having to do a lot of work. So, uh, we, we look at our technology as more so early in the, in the stage of a condition. I don’t wanna call it failure, ’cause it’s not a failure. It’s something that’s mitigable. And I made that word up. You can mitigate it. Meaning you can go up and correct it and extend the life of that component. Sure. Uh, in gearboxes we’ll see problems with, um… Well, the, the one we’re talking about here a fair amount is all the circulating currents going on uptower. We did that research. The current signature analyzer we have is a direct result of doing wind turbine [00:13:00] research just on circulating currents uptower, ’cause we conferred everything over to, to sound at 48 kilohertz. And so that gives me a 24-kilohertz signal. That high-frequency stuff, which we’re researching in CGRE, and IEEE, and IEC, is called supra harmonics, which I– we talked about that before. Yes, we have. Yeah. And, uh, so when you start seeing that in the, in, in the current that’s circulating uptower because the ground that goes from the top of the tower down is for- DC lightning protection. And lightning protection, yeah. It’s not meant for, um- Not for Allen Hall: high frequency- Yeah … Howard Penrose: currents. Yeah. Uh, we, when we measured it, when we mapped out dozens of towers of all different manufacturers, we found that the impedance about halfway down the tower is where it ends. Sure. The, the resistance. And then the increased, uh, the high-frequency noise turns any of your shaft brushes into resistors. And at about 15 kilohertz, no current is [00:14:00]passing through them. It’s all passing the bearing, which becomes more conductive the higher the frequency. So with 60% of main bearings failing due to electrical currents, it’s actually currents that are circulating uptower. It’s not static. There is some static up there, but it’s not static. It’s coming from the controls, the, the generator, and everything else. Inverters, Allen Hall: converters. Howard Penrose: And we’ve seen up to 150 amps passing through a, through a bearing. Allen Hall: So I– We run across a lot of operators who have been replacing main bearings, and they don’t know the reason why. Yeah. And I always say, “Well, call Howard at MotorDoc because I would almost bet you you have the f- high frequency running around uptower in the nacelle- And the next main bearing you put in there is gonna go the same way as the- Yeah … first one you put in there. Until you cut off that circulating current and then the cell, you’re just gonna continue with the problem. Then you haven’t eliminated the problem, you’re just fixing the result of that problem. Yes. But it takes- Yeah, you’re, you’re- How, [00:15:00] how, well, how long- You’re replacing Howard Penrose: a fuse. Allen Hall: Right, you’re replacing a fuse. Yeah. How long does it take you to s- to determine- An expensive fuse. Yeah. Yeah. Oh, yeah, ’cause you’re taking the rotor down. Yeah. Well, how, how fast can you determine if you have harmonics uptower that are gonna be causing you problems? 120 seconds. Howard Penrose: Okay. Allen Hall: So that’s the thing. I think a lot of- I mean, Howard Penrose: that’s of the actual data collection time. So you clamp on uptower, uh, and then you can… Well, the way we have it set up now, you just tell it you wanna collect data every five s- uh, five minutes, and then you go downtower, let it collect its data, go back up, grab it. Um, it’s like… It’s huge. It’s this size. So, um, and then you connect- It plugs into a laptop. Yeah. Plug it into a laptop or any type of tablet. Um, it, it’s Windows now. I’m trying to get away from Windows. We’re gonna have Linux systems, uh, as well. Uh, and then you use that to, um, just collect that data, and then you press another button. Now it pops up, and it tells you if you’re in danger or not, [00:16:00] the amount of current passing through the bearing, and the frequencies all the way out. Allen Hall: So the ideal is you’re gonna have this kit with you in the truck. Yeah. And as you see these problems pop up, you’re gonna clamp on uptower. Yep. You’re gonna measure these circulating currents, and you’re gonna know immediately if you have another mechanical issue, a, a lubrication issue- Oh, yeah. It’ll look at- … some kind of alignment issue, or- You’ll get all Howard Penrose: of this information at once. So you- Right … if you go on the power side. So certain turbines, like anything that has the transformer downtower, you don’t have to climb. Right. GE. I mean, I don’t climb. So, uh, uh, you know, th- and that was part of the, the concept behind when we started down this path because I’ve been in the wind industry since 1997. So one of the things I always saw was, and, and we talked about even, you know, here when it was called AWEA, and we were talking always on the health and safety side about wearing out the technicians. Um, so we discovered that, you know, what was it? Almost 60% of the [00:17:00] turbines you didn’t have to climb. Right. Oh, yeah. And even the ones you do, you go up, you set it up, and it’ll tell you where you need to focus. The other thing in the powertrain, let alone the generator, when we do a sweep of a site– Now, if we do a straight electrical signature analysis, I’d term that one as a technician’s tool. Sure. That’s more of an engineer’s tool. Uh, a lot more data, a lot harder to set up. But even though I’m saying harder to set up, it’s still pretty easy. It’s still minutes. Right. Yeah. Most technicians will collect data with, like, a couple hours worth of training. Yeah. You g- You basically gather that data, and if you’re getting a site, so we’ll go out– I love going out in the field. So we’ll go out in the field, especially if it’s a tower we don’t have to climb I’ll knock out, uh, well, let’s just say I’ll, I’ll, I’ll name one. Say a GE 1.6. I’ll knock out one of those every eight to 11 minutes, depending on how you get to the tower. Allen Hall: So that’s a full diagnosis of drivetrain- Yeah … plus anything odd happening- Yep with circulating currents and all that [00:18:00] can- Oh, no, no. Circulating- Or just- … current, that’s a- That’s a separate thing at tower … separate study that- Okay … you have to do that uptower. But anything, anything drivetrain-wise, you can be in and out- Yeah … in a couple of minutes. Yep. Okay. So there’s a lot of operators that have end-of-warranties coming up, right? Yes. There’s been a lot of developments, so they’re kind of running into the end-of-warranty, and they don’t know the health status of their drivetrain. Same thing for a lot of operators that are in- Yep … full service agreements, and they’re questioning whether they’re getting their money’s worth or not. Yes. I always say, “Call Howard at Motordoc. You guys can have a whole site survey done maybe in a couple of days, and you will know all the problems that are on site for the lowest price ever”. Yeah. It’s crazy how fast you can do it and how accurate it is. I talk to operators that use your system, so I hear you. Yeah. Your podcast, listen to your podcast, I’m calling your customers to find out what they say, and they love it. Oh, yeah. They can’t believe how accurate it is. Yeah. Well, the thing about that is we as an industry need to make sure that our turbines are operating at [00:19:00] maximum efficiency. Yep. And if a simple tool like the Motordoc EMPath system exists, we need to get customers, operators in line to start doing it worldwide. Australia- Oh … Europe- Howard Penrose: Yeah. We- … Canada. Australia, we’re trying to get into, but right now we even have OEMs using it through North- That’s good … and South America, Asia. Good. Uh, Middle East, um, and, uh, and some of Europe. Good. So it’s, it’s, it’s really taking off. Uh, I’d say probably our biggest market right now is Brazil. Sure. They’re going crazy. Well, the, the turbines are- They’re having a lot of problems. Yeah. Allen Hall: Right. And the, well, those turbines have a h- high usage, right? So because- Oh, yeah … the winds are so good, they’re operating at, like, capacity factor is above 50%. Yes. It’s insane. Yeah. So there’s a lot of wear and tear. There’s no downtime for those turbines. Howard Penrose: Yeah. Well, and, and people think it’s all the starting and stopping. It’s not. No. It’s a grid-related issue. So we have- Sure … we have a low frequency. And you know some of the stuff I volun- I, I’m, I’ve been volunteered for- [00:20:00] Yeah … uh, including the CIGRE thing. Um, so I get to sit in the grid code committees for IEEE and put my, and our input into that, uh, and kind of watch the back of the IBR industry, right? Mm-hmm. ‘Cause there’s a definitely bias against our industry. Um, and I also, uh, get to hear what’s going on in the grid side of things from CIGRE worldwide, and it’s all very similar, and it has to do with low-frequency oscillating currents- Yes … called subsynchronous currents- Yes … which are low enough not to damage large synchronous machines. And they thought, and there’s books written on this, by the way, multiple books written on wind turbine impact- Uh, and they’re seeing now, um… Well, we detected it first, along with Timken. Hank, uh, and, and I went out to a site, and we detected for the first time, because of how they wanna do the testing and where the site was located, we saw the oscillating torque [00:21:00] in the air gap, ’cause that’s one of the things the technology does. It actually measures the torque, air gap torque. Sure. So we were watching the oscillating torque as a tower started up. And so we did, we went through the rest of that site looking at the same stuff in the same way. It increased our time and data collection, and time on site. But then we started looking for it at other sites, and going to pass data because I don’t have to go back and retake data. Right. And we’re like, “Oh my God. It’s everywhere.” 16 hertz, 21 hertz, and 50 hertz. And we found a paper that specifically identified that as the sub synchronous frequencies for 60 hertz. So we know what they are also for 50 hertz. Once we identified that and we saw how much the torsi- torque was oscillating, we worked with Shermco, who got us some information on Y-rings that were failing. Yeah. And they were all failing… When the metallurgy was done, they were all failing from fatigue. And you’re like, fatigue how? What’s fatiguing these connections? [00:22:00] Well, the fatigue is that air gap torque- Exactly … because you’re basically causing the, the, everything to oscillate a little bit, and that causes the windings to move slightly. It’s a living, Allen Hall: breathing machine- Howard Penrose: Exactly … this generator Allen Hall: is. Howard Penrose: Yeah. Allen Hall: It’s not Howard Penrose: static. It’s definitely not sta- no electric machine is static. No. Even a transformer’s not static. Right. Allen Hall: So- There’s a little Howard Penrose: bit of wiggle going on there all the time All the time. And it’s minute, so it takes a long time. Right. And what, uh, uh, everybody… Well, first people thought it was a particular manufacturer, which it wasn’t. Turned out every defig’s failing the same way. Sure. You’re fatiguing it. Yeah. Every bearing is failing the same way, even in the gearbox, main bearings, and everything else. Right. All of these conditions are happening across all the OEMs, but they’re not allowed to talk. Well, this is, this is the thing that Allen Hall: I like watching your podcast. Howard Penrose: Yeah. Allen Hall: The Chaos and Caffeine. It comes out Saturday mornings. It’s on YouTube. If you haven’t- Yeah … clicked into it, you should click into it Howard Penrose: because a lot of these issues are discussed there. It’s definitely, um… [00:23:00] Let’s just say I’ll speak Navy quite a bit. Allen Hall: It’s a great podcast, and I think what you’re doing with the EMPath system- Yes … at motor dock is really a game changer. Yeah. I’m talking to everybody, all the operators I know. I keep telling them to call you and to try the system out because it’s so inexpensive and it does the work quickly and efficiently, and it’s been proven. There’s no messing- Oh, yeah … around when you’re talking to MotorDoc. I… Howard Penrose: Somebody dared tell me that there’s no standard for it. There’s ISO standards for it. Yes. There’s IEEE 1415- Yes … which I chair. Uh, and there’s other standards coming out- This is- … associated with it. And there’s a document that I also chair for Sea Gray- Called A178, which is the practical application of the technology. So it’s well-documented. There are traceable standards for it. I need more Allen Hall: operators to call you- Yeah … and to talk to you and get systems in the back of the trucks that they can use to check out the health of their gear boxes and their drive trains and their generators. How [00:24:00] do they do that? Where do they go? Where, where’s, what’s- Well- … the first place they should look for? Howard Penrose: Uh, info@motordoc.com. Okay. I get all, I get all of those as well, so do my people. Um, or, uh, LinkedIn. LinkedIn’s really good. Allen Hall: Look up anything. Yeah. Howard Penrose: Yeah, yeah. So, so either the company at Motordoc, or, uh, I’m, I sh- I’ll show up either searching for my name or, uh, linkedin.com/in/motordoc. Come straight to me ’cause I’ve been in, on LinkedIn forever, so- Right, just- … I got to do that … look up Allen Hall: Howard Penrose, P-E-N-R-O-S-E. Yep. Or go to motordoc.com is- Yep, motordoc.com … the website address. Howard Penrose: Yep. There’s a lot of great information there. And we have partners, and we have people. We’re growing the company. You know, talk to me. I, I’ll- Yes … I like answering the phone and talking. It’s, it’s a thing. My people go, “Can we answer the phone one?” No. Um, but, but yeah, we, we, y- when you call us, you’re not just dealing with a single person. Right. The Motordoc is far more expansive. Right now, we [00:25:00] just got our partnership with, uh, Hitachi and, and Juliet- Yeah, that’s great and stuff like that. Uh, we’re helping them with certain things. Uh, we’re partnered with some of the big OEMs, almost all of them, um, you know, helping identify the issues, you know. And, and when users contact us, often they’ll tell us what’s going on, and we’ll, we can, uh, sometimes say, “Yeah, it’s this, and here’s how we prove it.” Allen Hall: Yeah. That’s the, that’s the beauty- Yeah … of calling Motordoc. So I need my operators that, that watch the show- Yeah … worldwide, go online, go on LinkedIn, get ahold of Howard, get ahold of Motordoc, and get started. Yep. Howard, thank you- And- … so much for being on the podcast. Yeah. This is fantastic. I love talking to you because- it’s, it’s like talking to, you know… Uh, no, really, it’s talking like someone who’s a real good industry expert, who’s been there a long time, and understands- Yeah … how this [00:26:00] works.
This talk was given by Nikki Mirghafori on 2026.05.20 at the Insight Meditation Center in Redwood City, CA. ******* Video of this talk is available at: https://www.youtube.com/live/xD_wh1eUGvA?si=6xEP6TeRc-34bX1K&t=1947. ******* For more talks like this, visit AudioDharma.org ******* If you have enjoyed this talk, please consider supporting AudioDharma with a donation at https://www.audiodharma.org/donate/. ******* This talk is licensed by a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-No Derivative Works 4.0 License
Don't miss out on your RACE-approved CE—completely free. Strengthen your veterinary dentistry skills with practical, case-based training you can apply immediately in practice. https://ivdi.org/free --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Host: Dr. Brett Beckman, DVM, FAVD, DAVDC, DAAPM --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- This week's episode tackles some of the most challenging and frequently misunderstood topics in veterinary dental extractions. Dr. Brett Beckman answers clinician-submitted questions from recent online trainings, focusing heavily on mandibular canine extractions, retained root tips, extraction instrumentation, mouth gag safety, and local anesthesia protocols in veterinary dentistry. The episode also explores when retained root tips should be monitored rather than surgically removed, how vet tomes can significantly improve extraction efficiency, and practical considerations for loupe selection and safer oral surgery workflows in general practice. What You'll Learn in This Episode
Dr. Onur Bilgen is Associate Professor in the Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering at Rutgers University. Dr. Bilgen conducts research in the design of advanced drone systems, including fixed-wing and rotary-wing aircraft, hybrid drone systems, and bioinspired ornithopters — flapping wing drones modeled after the flight of birds and insects. His work also explores the use of smart materials and innovative aerospace system designs. Onur has led NASA University Student Research Challenge projects, including the development of a Multi-Mode Hybrid Unmanned Delivery System. He also teaches a graduate course at Rutgers called Drones: Fundamentals and Applications and has helped expand drone education and testing capabilities through initiatives like the Rutgers Drone Playground and the Buehler Drone Lab's VICON Motion Tracking System. In this episode, we'll talk about the future of flapping wing drones, the role of smart materials in next-generation aircraft design, and how bioinspired engineering could influence the next wave of unmanned aviation innovation.
Send us Fan MailOn this episode of the Talking Pools Podcast, Andrea takes a deep dive into one of the most important — and often overlooked — topics in the swimming pool industry: safety. With summer approaching and pool usage increasing across the country, Andrea discusses the real-world responsibility pool professionals carry when it comes to preventing drownings, suction entrapment incidents, and avoidable tragedies. The episode opens with two heartbreaking Florida drowning stories involving young children — one at a pool party and another at an Airbnb rental property — sparking a broader conversation about accountability, supervision, and the role safety barriers play in aquatic environments. Andrea breaks down the five types of suction entrapment hazards including: Hair entrapment Limb entrapment Body entrapment Mechanical entrapment Evisceration/disembowelment She explains how these incidents occur, why they remain a serious risk even in modern pools, and why educating homeowners and clients about suction safety is critical. The discussion also explores how damaged or missing drain covers, improper flow rates, aging plastics, and poor maintenance practices can create dangerous conditions. The episode includes a detailed explanation of the Virginia Graeme Baker Pool & Spa Safety Act (VGBA), including: Why VGBA compliance is about the entire hydraulic system — not just drain covers The role of dual drains and unblockable drains Safety Vacuum Release Systems (SVRS) Maximum flow ratings Drain cover life expectancy Pump sizing considerations Commercial inspection requirements Andrea also shares the tragic stories behind the legislation, including the deaths of Virginia Graeme Baker and Abigail Taylor, and how those incidents changed federal pool safety standards forever. Other topics include: Why drowning deaths are increasing in the United States The importance of swimming lessons and active supervision Water watcher programs Airbnb and short-term rental pool safety concerns Why cloudy water should never be ignored Why pool pros should document damaged safety equipment immediately Common dangerous pool games and behaviors that should be discouraged Long hair safety around suction outlets Why “touch the drain” games are a terrible idea The importance of keeping gates and barriers closed Andrea also provides listeners with an extensive list of water safety organizations and educational resources including:Pool SafelyNational Drowning Prevention AllianceAbby's HopePHTA Step Into SwimEvery Child A SwimmerCDC Healthy SwimmingThis episode serves as both a refresher and a reminder that pool safety is not a checklist — it's a culture. Whether you service residential pools, commercial facilities, vacation rentals, or aquatic centers, this conversation reinforces why education, awareness, and proactive prevention matter.Follow the Talking Pools Podcast on all major streaming platforms and join the conversation on social media. Support the showThank you so much for listening! You can find us on social media:FacebookInstagramTik TokEmail us: talkingpools@gmail.com
The future of war has been evolving before our eyes in Ukraine, yet the west still plans to fight the last war. In this special episode, guest host Noah Smith (@noahpinion) and Brandon Anderson sit down with Yaroslav Azhnyuk (@YaroslavAzhnyuk), a serial tech founder who went from building PetCube to founding The Fourth Law, one of the world's most advanced AI-guided drone companies. Over two hours we cover the technology, tactics, and geopolitics of drone warfare, and why the modern battlefield has already left the West behind:* Yaroslav's personal history and the Ukraine war [00:01:04 – 00:14:01]* The modern drone tech stack: why FPV drones are the new god of war, the future of the rifleman, fiber optic vs. AI, five levels of autonomy, and the eight dimensions of the autonomous battlefield [00:14:01 – 01:05:13]* The geopolitics and economics of drones: China's manufacturing advantage, the drone race, Western defense readiness, countermeasures, and why the gap is widening [01:05:13 – 01:58:57]For those looking for Noah Smith's commentary, it really gets going around the 00:51:31 mark.Yaroslav Azhnyuk / The Fourth Law:* X: https://x.com/YaroslavAzhnyuk* LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/yaroslavazhnyuk/* The Fourth Law: https://thefourthlaw.aiNoah Smith:* Substack: Noah Smith * X: https://x.com/noahpinionTimestamps00:00:00 Cold Open: China's 4 Billion Drones and the Cameras-to-Explosives Pipeline00:01:04 Introduction: Brandon, Noah Smith, and Yaroslav Azhnyuk00:05:41 From Tech Entrepreneur to Defense: PetCube, Brave One, and the D3 Fund00:10:42 The Ethics of Building Weapons: Dual-Use Technology and the Wolf at the Door00:14:01 The Tech Stack: Cameras, Autonomy Modules, Interceptors, and a Semiconductor Fab00:18:47 Fiber Optic vs. AI: The Radio Horizon Problem and $32/km Cable00:25:32 FPV Drones: The New God of War — 70–80% of Frontline Casualties00:28:28 The Five Levels of Drone Autonomy: From Terminal Guidance to Full Autonomy00:41:37 The Eight Dimensions of the Autonomous Battlefield00:45:32 AI Safety and the Morality of Autonomous Weapons00:51:31 The End of the Rifleman? Noah's 2013 Prediction vs. Battlefield Reality01:05:13 China's Manufacturing Advantage and Western Vulnerabilities01:24:21 Policy Advice for Western Defense: Defense Valley and the Widening Gap01:32:54 The Drone Race: Who's Ahead, Category by Category01:41:57 Countermeasures: Shotguns, Jammers, Lasers, and Fishnets01:58:19 The Wedding and Final Takeaway: Be Prepared for WarTranscriptCold Open: China, FPV Drones, and the New Warning SignYaroslav [00:00:00]: Think about this. Last year, Ukraine produced 4 million FPV drones. Ukraine is not the most industrious nation in the world. China can produce 4 billion of these FPV drones.Noah [00:00:10]: Would you say that right now China is now the supreme conventional military power on Earth, given its ability to manufacture and deploy drones in the quantity and quality that you just described?Yaroslav [00:00:20]: I don't think we have all the information to claim that but we cannot count it out, and that alone should be a big warning sign. As I say, at some point in my life I went from making cameras that fling treats to pets to cameras that fling explosives to the occupiers. So that's the short story. And when you think about what your nation, what your patriots are going through, you realize that's the only morally right thing to do is to fight back, and it is immoral not to fight back, and then the choice becomes very clear.Introduction: Yaroslav Azhnyuk, Petcube, and the Last Flight into KyivBrandon [00:01:04]: Welcome to Latent Space. I'm Brandon. I normally do science podcasts, but today we're going to do something a little bit different. I'm joined by Noah Smith of Noahpinion on Substack and Twitter. And he has lots of interesting things to say about drones. And as a guest, we have Yaroslav Azhnyuk, founder of The Fourth Law and several other, drone-related startups. To get started, it is February 23rd, 2022. You are running a pet startup. You're connecting pets with their owners. Let's go in just a little bit of background. How did you get started in tech, and what were you working on before the Ukrainian war started?Yaroslav [00:01:50]: Good to be here. Thank you. On February 23rd, late in the evening, 11:00 PM Kyiv time, my wife and I landed in Kyiv. Actually, then she was a fiance. We came from Lviv, where we were looking at a church, where our wedding should have taken place. And we got into this cab ride from the airport to our home, and the driver was like, “You crazy. Like, everyone's leaving Kyiv. Why do you come?” We're like, “What? Nothing's going to happen. Dude, chill.” And then obviously, eight minutes later, or eight hours later, the bombs fell in the city. It was quite surreal. We probably landed on the last flight that landed in Kyiv, or one of those last flights. My background, I'm a tech guy. Studied applied mathematics in Kyiv Polytechnics, born and raised in Kyiv. My parents are old PhDs from academia, and grandparents too. Like, everything, from linguistics to nuclear physics. And I'm an entrepreneur, so I've built a bunch of companies. Petcube is the one you were referencing. So I lived in San Francisco 2014 to 2020, building Petcube, which is one of the leading, pet device companies in the world, selling lots of pet cameras. And then, yeah, as I say, at some point in my life I went from making cameras that fling treats to pets to cameras that fling explosives to the occupiers. So that's the short story.February 24th: Leaving Kyiv as the Invasion BeginsNoah [00:03:28]: February 24th, I guess a few hours after you, go to check out your wedding chapel, what do you do?Yaroslav [00:03:37]: We had a plan for this situation. So my parents and family live in Kyiv, and we're like, “Okay, this has actually started. The worst has, come true.” And so we basically packed our belongings and got in the car and spent 17 hours driving west. And that was pretty sure most people in our audience watched at least one apocalyptic movie in their life, so that was exactly like that. Like, felt exactly like that. Missiles are falling. Like, there was smoke in Kyiv. Like, my dad and I went, like, to central part of the cities. It's probably, likeYaroslav [00:04:20]: 800 meters from presidential office, to pick some stuff up at his workplace. Because he's, like, the head of an academic institution, so he had to get some of the things with him. And super surreal. Like, the streets are empty. Like, the gas stations are out of gas. Like, we found some gas station. We didn't have, like, spare canisters with us, so we're like, We figured out, like, the car was diesel, so like, we figured out, if it's diesel, you can actually store it in plastic, canisters, and we bought some window wash for the cars. We poured it out of the canisters, and we poured the diesel into that. Yeah, so it was like that. And then, like, helping friends get out, like my friend and his dog. Like, we found Like, my brother was also, like, riding in a separate car. We found a place for my friend who didn't have a car. It was like, yeah, it was like, totally surreal. And we didn't know of course, and you didn't know this will last for so long. You didn't know whether Ukraine will be able to defend Kyiv. And it was like, yeah, very little information and very little insight into future.From Pet Cameras to Defense Tech: Building for Ukraine and the Free WorldNoah [00:05:42]: What are your thoughts with regards to how do you, defend, Ukraine? So you eventually start building drones Like, what is the process to get from there from where you were building, devices that connect owners with pets to building drones, and what other things did you do to help the war effort in the process?Yaroslav [00:06:07]: It's definitely non-trivial, right? Like, I didn't go, to I didn't get any, like, military education when I was a student. Like, normally, in Ukraine, you would, you would go to like, this military school even if you're getting higher education in any other, sphere. I decided to skip that which is like, an unusual way to go. And I never thought that I will be somehow engaged in a war effort. Like, what is war? Of course, wars are over. It's the end of history. So one thing you got to understand about, like, many Ukrainians and like, I guess, it's also true about most of the people I met here in the US, that your who you are in terms of your nationality is a big part of your identity. So when that gets under attack, it's something deeper than just the country you live in gets under attack, right? And I Day one, I figured I'm going to I'm going to fight back with everything I can, right? But I didn't think on day one that I'm actually going to do, weapons. And a bunch of things. We were reaching out to a number of American, congresspeople and senators, and basically advocating for support of Ukraine, for voting for lend lease, which has happened in May 2022, but didn't actually work as expected. We helped start, Brave One, which is now a very important defense innovation cluster, sort of like a DIU here in the US. We helped start, a fund called D3. It's like, it was started or co-started by Eric Schmidt, former CEO of Google. So a bunch of these odd things, but then eventually I was like, “Okay,”by 2023 it was obvious this thing, A is going to last a lot more time, and B, that the whole world is shifting and that there's going to be a new arms race, that the warfare is redefined by drones as platforms. And for the first time in history, you have a platform that is software defined, that can increase your battlefield capabilities, in a in a step change just overnight. So it's like if you were able to push a software update and get all of your Roman legionnaires a new helmet? That has never been possible before. It's the first time in the history of war this is possible. So all of that and many other things like, supply chain fragilization, and the impact that AI is going to have on all of this all these things have become evident to me in 2023, and it's like, “Okay, I should do what I do best, or what I know how to do best, start a tech company, and sort of leverage the global techno capitalist machine, to provide, defensibility to Ukraine and the free world.” So that's literally the mission of the company, increase defensibility of Ukraine and the free world. And then there was some sort of soul-searching and like, asking yourself. It's like, “Okay, am I Actually, I know nothing about weapons. Am I actually, like, ready to make, things that other people use to kill other bad people?”Yaroslav [00:09:36]: When you think about what your nation, what your Compatriots are going through And think about all the terror of places like Bucha, the occupied cities in the east and south, the abducted children, the raped women, all the economic damage that's being done, and the intention to destroy a whole nation, to genocide the people of Ukraine, you realize that's the only morally right thing to do is to fight back, and it is immoral not to fight back. And then the choice becomes very clear. And look, we're just passing the ammunition. We're not doing the actual job. The actual fighters and defenders and heroes are people in the armed forces. We're just support.The Moral Question: Weapons, Responsibility, and Fighting BackNoah [00:10:33]: I have so many questions. Actually, I know you seem to have a question. Do you want to ask anything?Yaroslav [00:10:38]: No, I'm just listening. Go ahead.Noah [00:10:40]: I do want to talk about, some of let's say, the moral issues, like you just said. You endYaroslav [00:10:50]: I think there are no issues there.Yaroslav [00:10:52]: What would an example of a moral question be in this case?Noah [00:10:55]: No, I mean Okay. As you just said, you are creating the tools, but others are using them.Noah [00:11:05]: I was maybe thinking of having this conversation later, but one of the questions is like, is it actually you are going to be building them for your homeland, which you are building it for your homeland, which is I think, very a strong morally defensible position, but this technology is not going to stay with you, right?Noah [00:11:26]: This you will probably be selling these to other people Yeah. So the future is really where the moral issues may come into playYaroslav [00:11:38]: The this question becomes, easier and more complete if we ask this not about a particular technology or particular weapon, if we think that this question actually applies to any kind of technology Right? So -Knife or fire. You can use knife to do surgery and save people's lives, or you can use it as a weapon to take people's lives.Noah [00:12:06]: Cut tomatoes, too.Yaroslav [00:12:08]: Cut tomatoes too.Noah [00:12:09]: Yes, knife.Yaroslav [00:12:09]: That's helpful.Noah [00:12:10]: In Japan, sword and knife, they, call the same word.Yaroslav [00:12:14]: It's like, it's with any technology. Large language models, right? Look at how powerful they are and yet they're available to anyone in North Korea or in Russia.Yaroslav [00:12:29]: That's one side of the argument. The other side is As a maker, what is your responsibility for how the tools you're creating, will be used? There's definitely some responsibility, right? Then How should the decision process look like? Should you, like, try to calculate all the possible scenarios before starting to work on something? Or do you create something that is needed now to save people's lives, and then think about, addressing the unwanted edge cases later? In ideal world where there's like, or okay, it's not ideal world. In a mythical world where there is some one governing party and it gets to decide everything, and there is no other country, that can, decide on their own, you could say, “Well, we need to calculate for all the consequences, and only then, maybe build this building, by replacing this park because, maybe we need this park in the city,”right? So that kind of situation. But when you're in a situation where you're in a forest, in front of a wolf, you first going to deal with the wolf that wants to eat you, and then you're going to go consult Greenpeace. So that's kind of situation that Ukraine is in.The Fourth Law, Odd Systems, and Ukraine's Drone StackNoah [00:13:59]: Enough. Because this is a tech podcast, I did want to spend some time talking about, sort of the tech in that you've developed and what you've been working on. So can you explain, I guess, first of all, like, the problem that you were trying to solve from a technical standpoint? And I think, and then maybe, like, go into some of the solutions and some of the design process that led you from designing, little laser-guided, guiding lasers with a with an iPhone versus Having drones.Yaroslav [00:14:34]: Like, it so happened, that my partners and I, we sort of So I started one company called The Fourth Law, and its goal was and is to Make, massively scalable on-drone autonomy. And then In parallel with that together with my, Petcube co-founders, partners, and friends, we started another company called Odd Systems Which, was focused on making thermal cameras. Cameras, thermal cameras are seeing thermal radiation and are used to see at night. And we're now sort of those companies are getting closer and closer together and we're probably going to merge them. And this group of companies is currently the leading, team in on-drone AI and thermal imaging on the Ukrainian battlefield, and Likely one of the leading, if not the leading in the world. So We have these, like, three sort of business units, which are cameras, drone autonomy, and drones. So the cameras and drone autonomy sell daytime and nighttime cameras and different types of drone autonomous modules to other drone manufacturers, over 200 drone manufacturers in Ukraine. And then the UAV, business unit sells the drones themselves to the armed forces of Ukraine, Ukrainian government. And there are different types of drones. Those are sort of front strike, as we call them, so those are sort of FPV strike drones and the bombers, and then interceptors. And there are different kinds of interceptors. We do Shahed interceptors and we do ISR interceptors. We don't do the deep strike-FPV Drones, Interceptors, and Battery-Powered WarfareNoah [00:16:32]: What's an ISR interceptor?Yaroslav [00:16:33]: ISR is stands for intelligence, surveillance, reconnaissance, and those are basically drones which are which, Russians are using to watch over positions and then communicate where, the targets are coming.Noah [00:16:48]: It's a reconnaissance.Yaroslav [00:16:48]: That's, the ISR is sort of a classical term for a for a reconnaissance drone.Noah [00:16:53]: Are all of these battery-powered drones that you just described? ‘Cause I know that the sort of deep strike drones still have, like Some sort ofYaroslav [00:17:01]: Internal combustion engine?Noah [00:17:02]: Internal combustion engine. Are all the things you're talking about battery-powered?Yaroslav [00:17:06]: What we're working on is all battery-powered, right? We don't do the deep strikes, right? And then in terms of autonomy-Noah [00:17:12]: You can catch a Shahed with a battery-powered thing. It's not Fast to catch.Yaroslav [00:17:17]: No, absolutely. Look, Shahed interceptor, like ours, it's called Zero, it goes up to 326 kilometers per hour.Noah [00:17:26]: For reference, how fast is a Shahed?Yaroslav [00:17:28]: Eight, like, in internal phase it could be 280, but in cruise phase it's, like, 220-ish.Yaroslav [00:17:36]: Yeah. And sorry, I'm not like you can convert that into miles if you're interested.Noah [00:17:41]: No, that's fine.Noah [00:17:41]: Multiply by two thirds or point six or something.Yaroslav [00:17:44]: That's easy. Yeah, I was saying that for autonomy modules, right, we, -We make systems, autonomous systems for frontline, for interceptors and some for deep strikes as well, and then different levels of autonomy. So from terminal guidance, which is like lasts 500 meters, give or take, to autonomous bombing, to autonomous target detection, to autonomous navigation and all of that across day and night, different terrains, different time of the year, different platforms like quadcopters and fixed wing, and maybe some other platforms. So it's quite a wide variety of products. We also have like our own simulation. We have our own training school for the war fighters. And we're about to start construction of two, semiconductor plants to make, sensors for thermal cameras. So that's super exciting for me as a computer science guy is Doing semiconductors. Super cool.Noah [00:18:49]: Like in terms of kind of core drone technologies, you basically are one is an FPV replacement without fiber optics, and the other isYaroslav [00:18:59]: YouNoah [00:18:59]: Signal tracking with interceptorsYaroslav [00:19:00]: With or without fiber optics. Fiber optics Is just like, sort of a communication module.Yaroslav [00:19:05]: You can, you can use classical analog, video link and radio link. Those would be two separate radios. You can do digital, or you can do fiber optic, and then fiber optic Has its own advantages but also adds weight and decreases, the distance and decreases, how fast you can, sort of turn and With a drone. Yeah.Noah [00:19:33]: Do you need AI for fiber optic drones?Yaroslav [00:19:36]: Like you can use AI for fiber optic drones. AI replaces a human, right? Fiber optic is making your communication link more resilient. So those are slightly different goals. Like if you want, you can have, AI controlling hundreds of fiber optic drones instead of having 100 operators for each.Fiber Optics, Radio Horizons, and Terminal GuidanceNoah [00:20:03]: I guess I thought that the key reason that people moved to fiber optic drones was for like electronic, countermeasures. Or I guess to counter those.Yaroslav [00:20:13]: I think that's a correct assessment from sort of a public awareness standpoint. In practice it's somewhat more difficult Because besides electronic countermeasures, you have these issues of a radio horizon For FPV drones, which means that asYaroslav [00:20:36]: I believe Earth is round Some people disagree. But basically if you fly a drone and you have a land station over here and a drone flying over hereYaroslav [00:20:49]: If your drone is flying high, you have good direct radio visibility. If your drone goes low, and usually, Russian infantry and vehicles, they're on the ground and you want to hit them, you need to go low. Lower you go, maybe you'll get behind a hill or behind a forest, and if you're far enough, you'll just get behind the curvature of the earth. You get into what's called a radio shadow. And then That is a real bummer because for the last, be it 60 or 20 meters, you won't be able to see anything and it will be very difficult to hit the target. So to counter that what-- And then the distances that these FPV drones, act on they're, they can be quite large. So for example, here in the US there was this drone dominance program competition, and in drone dominance the furthest distance was about 10 kilometers.Noah [00:21:44]: What was drone dominance? What was that competition?Yaroslav [00:21:47]: Drone, the drone dominance is a is a program started, by the US government, to accelerate the development of drone technology here in the US.Noah [00:21:57]: Got it. And the longest range thing they were using was 10 kilometers.Yaroslav [00:22:00]: Was 10 kilometers, right. In Ukraine, like if your drone doesn't fly at least 20, 25, it just, no one's interested in it, and the usual hits are happening. It was like, okay, many hits are happening between 30 and 40 kilometers, and that's what expected from a regular 10-inch, FPV drone. So at that distance, even at altitudes of like 60 to 100 meters, you might start losing, the link. So some of the earlier AI technology that was fielded in FPV drone was this terminal guidance technology. That was the first product that we ever, launched that helped you as an operator, once you see the target from two, three, 500 meters, you lock onto the target and then, it just, drives the drone towards the target no matter what, even after you lost the visual connection. So optic fiber solves that. However, if you want to go like 20 kilometers with optic fiber, that will add an extra three kilos, of useful weight to your drone. SoNoah [00:23:12]: ‘Cause the cable that you have to unspool as you go weighs.Noah [00:23:15]: It is heavy.Yaroslav [00:23:15]: At first, like the spool is about 800 grams, so a bit less than a kilo, and then, and then think about 10, 10 kilometer optic fiber is another kilo, something like that. That takes away from your useful mass and then now you have like, you need a 15-inch drone and it can only carry maybe one or two kilos of explosives if you want to go, 20 kilometers. If you want to go to 30 or 40, like 30 is probably max. 40 is like very problem problematic on optic fiber. And then the problem with optic fiber is it's actually getting super expensive. So and why? Because of all the data centers for AI. That's literally the same optic fiber-Noah [00:24:01]: We're running out of centersYaroslav [00:24:02]: That's being used there.Yaroslav [00:24:02]: Like when Ukrainians and Russians come to Chinese factories to buy the optic fiber, they're like, “We're out. We sold it out to the Americans.”? That's the craziest thing. So optic fiber went up in price from like, $4 per, kilometer to like, $32 per kilometer in a few months in the beginning of this year. And I'veBrandon [00:24:26]: Claude Code is stopping the Russian drone effort here.Yaroslav [00:24:30]: Ukrainian as well. Yeah.Brandon [00:24:31]: Ukrainian. But I read somewhere that the Russians had grown more dependent on fiber optic drones relative to the Ukrainians, and that's one reason why the Ukrainians have sort of regained the initiative in drones recently.Brandon [00:24:42]: How accurate's that?Yaroslav [00:24:43]: The Russians were the first ones to scale that. I think by as of now, Ukraine has caught up. I think, like, as of maybe three months ago, Ukraine is mostly caught up on fiber optic. Yeah.Brandon [00:24:57]: What percent of damage would you say is in terms of FPV drone damage would you say is now fiber optic versus, like autonomous?FPVs as the New God of War: Tanks, Artillery, and Cost per KillYaroslav [00:25:07]: For our, for our audience, I actually, I cannot answer that question. Like, it's like I know the answer, but I would not disclose that. But for our audience, I think another interesting fact is out of all the casualties on the front line Between 70 and 80% are done by FPV drones.Brandon [00:25:30]: FPV drones are the new weapon of universal weapon of warfare.Yaroslav [00:25:34]: It'sBrandon [00:25:35]: Land warfare, anywayYaroslav [00:25:35]: They used to say that artillery is a god of war because artillery used to cause, like 80% of casualties, and now On that ranking-Brandon [00:25:46]: FPVYaroslav [00:25:47]: FPV drones rule.Brandon [00:25:48]: FPV drones are the god of war.Yaroslav [00:25:51]: Sort of. Dethroned artillery. But it's not to say that artillery is not useful, is not needed. Like, all of these systems are needed. Maybe except cavalry, although Russians still use it. I know, have you seen the videos of Russians using mules and horses?Brandon [00:26:09]: What is the usefulness-Yaroslav [00:26:10]: It'Brandon [00:26:10]: Of a tank in the in the modern-Yaroslav [00:26:11]: That's where we need Greenpeace to say a word, but they're silent. Yeah.Brandon [00:26:15]: What's the use of a tank on the modern battlefield?Yaroslav [00:26:21]: It's diminishing.Brandon [00:26:22]: Diminishing.Yaroslav [00:26:22]: However, I think there might be technologies which will, revive the tank. Look, tank still provides you armor, and armor is important. Like, you still need to armor and firepower, right? Like, you can be an armor personal carrier that provides you, armor. The challenge that currently exists is armor is not very well protected against incoming drones. However, there are ways to do to protect it. We were previously talking about this before the podcast. The CEO of Rheinmetall, recently sort of ridiculed, Ukrainian drone industry, saying that like, there is nothing interesting there, no real innovation, no to stand Compared to like, Rheinmetall or Boeing, and it's all made by housewives. There was like, obviously a ton of memes about this people ridiculing the CEO of Rheinmetall. And one of the best quotes, I heard on this topic is from my friend, Alexey Babenko, who's, the head of and founder of VIARI Drone, which is one of the largest manufacturers of FPV drones. They're our partner. They're using our autonomy. So he said that the drones we manufacture in one day will be more than enough to destroy all the tanks Rheinmetall manufactures in a year.Yaroslav [00:27:52]: Then, yeah, cost-wise, of course, a drone is like, $500 and a Rheinmetall tank is what, probably 5 million-ish or maybe more.Brandon [00:28:00]: Don't mess with those housewives.Yaroslav [00:28:03]: Drone wives.Brandon [00:28:04]: Drone wives.Yaroslav [00:28:06]: That's it.Noah [00:28:06]: There's a classic saying that everyone always fights the last war.Noah [00:28:12]: Yet do How did So from your standpoint, how did we get to the point where tanks became irrelevant in at least for now In a matter of just a few years?Yaroslav [00:28:24]: Look, I think it's the same way, how do we get to the point that calculators become irrelevant?Yaroslav [00:28:31]: Now we have iPhones. Like, why would you need a calculator? Technology progresses and its influence grows non-linearly. It's all exponential. So I can tell you that full autonomy, when you put it on a drone Look, so if you, if you think about a tank and a like, it's not a direct comparison, but even, like, a drone and a artillery shell or like, sort of cost per kill, an artillery shell for 155 caliber, which is a standard NATO caliber Currently market price is about $4,000 per piece. So compare that to say, $400 per drone. That's 10 times more expensive. Account for the amortization of the artillery gun and for how vulnerable it is and what is the sort of tactical, capabilities it gives you as compared to a drone. You'll figure out that an FPV drone is maybe three orders of magnitude, more versatile, more useful, more capable than artillery and many of than a classic artillery. Many of Because there are different types of artillery. Not just, like, one 155. You have mortars, you have all that. But give or take, roughly three orders of magnitude maybe. Again, it doesn't have that firepower. It's not one-to-one comparison still.Yaroslav [00:29:53]: Now, take that FPV drone. When you put full autonomy on that FPV drone, which can be not very expensive, like systems that we're, producing are like, in hundreds of dollars of pure bombFull Autonomy: From Human Pilots to Smartphone-Directed Drone MissionsNoah [00:30:06]: Just interrupt. You said full autonomy Just a second ago you were saying that the autonomy here is guidance, right? It's not decision-making.Yaroslav [00:30:14]: No, I was I was saying that's the f-First and sort of easiest pieces of autonomy that was fielded by us. But if you, if you add full autonomy to a droneBrandon [00:30:24]: He, I think he's asking what does it can you, for the listeners, can you explain What the term full autonomy means?Yaroslav [00:30:29]: Basically, I think a good way to think about an FPV drone is like an iPhone of warfare. It's, like, very inexpensive, very mass producible, very versatile. You don't need a bunch of other things when you have a iPhone in your pocket. You don't have, need an MP3 player, you don't need a calculator, don't need other things. All right? So FPV drone is an iPhone. Or like, okay, Apple please don't sue me, is a smartphone. And then, when you add autonomy to it sort of becomes like Uber or ride sharing. Okay? So what it means is instead of actually being a trained pilot who has this complex remote controller device which requires a couple months of training to actually pilot the drone, and then having to pilot it for 30 minutes, flying towards the target, et cetera, et cetera, now you basically, you have your smartphone, you have a drone, you pick your smartphone, you say, “We are here. The bad guys are here. Go and get them.” And the drone goes up, flies in a given direction, localizes itself on the map, finds the dedicated area where they, the bad guys are supposed to be sees the bad guys, bombs them, return, like, watches, so does a damage assessment, returns back, sits down, and then you can pick it up and watch the video if you didn't have the radio link, right?Noah [00:31:59]: That's a bomber drone.Yaroslav [00:32:00]: That's full autonomy for a bomber drone, right?Noah [00:32:03]: You're saying that no human decision is made in this entire process?Brandon [00:32:06]: That's not, that's not what he's saying.Yaroslav [00:32:07]: A human decision was made at the beginning of the process-Noah [00:32:09]: I get it. I get itYaroslav [00:32:09]: The same way as you would fire an artillery.Yaroslav [00:32:12]: When you fire an artillery, you don't stop at like, 500 meters away from a target and ask it whether, you want to strike or not. That's exactly, a human decision is always made at some point. So when you do that's full autonomy, and such full autonomy is happening as we speak. And such full autonomy increases the capabilities of an FPV drone, which is already, like, three orders more powerful than an artillery shell. Full autonomy increases its capabilities by four orders of magnitude because now you can have 100 times as many people who can use it, because you don't need to train those people, and this is important. You can have 10 times, mission success rate, and you can have 10 times utility per drone because now instead of being one-way kamikaze, it's, it can be a bomber.Brandon [00:33:05]: Now wait, let's, you said 10 times mission success rate, which means that fully autonomous bomber drones succeed in their missions 10 times more often than human piloted bomber drones do. That's an important thing to know.Noah [00:33:17]: Maybe, to push back onBrandon [00:33:19]: They're super, they're superhuman. They're, they' 10X superhuman.Yaroslav [00:33:22]: They're not vulnerable to electronic warfare. They don't care about the radio horizon. They don't lose track during navigation. They are not susceptible to human error when, an artillery shell or other drone blows up besides you and you're like, “Hell no,”like, “I'm getting out of here.” Right? That doesn't happen to an autonomous drone. Like, all of those things. Like, we have, like, one of the brigades that's using our drones with just first level autonomy They literally said that their success rates-Brandon [00:33:53]: What's first level autonomy?Yaroslav [00:33:54]: First level autonomy is just the terminal guidance.Yaroslav [00:33:57]: By the way, we have video of that. We can watch that.Brandon [00:33:59]: Terminal guidance means a human gets it nearby and then the AI takes over.Yaroslav [00:34:03]: The human flies it all the way, like 30 kilometers towards the target, and obviously the target was probably given to that human by someone who's flying some ISR drone, some reconnaissance drone, right? So all the way to the target, and once you see the target from a distance of 500 meters, you do target lock, and from there drone flies autonomous. So just that feature alone, it has increased the guy's, his call sign is Grom, so it has increased his, mission success rate, like precision of mission, yeah, mission success rate from 20% to 71%, and it also increased his kill zone from three kilometers to 10 kilometers, which means there's certain area around the front line which is designated kill zone. Whenever enemy goes into that area, it's almost guaranteed to be to be destroyed by a drone. And then obviously the drones are not launched from like, the zero line. They're usually launched from like, minus 10 kilometer-Mission Success, Failure Modes, and the Five Levels of AutonomyBrandon [00:35:03]: What is a zero line?Yaroslav [00:35:05]: Zero line is sort of an imaginary line of control, of two conflicting forces.Brandon [00:35:14]: It's important to explain these things to a lot of the listeners who areYaroslav [00:35:17]: Thank you for askingBrandon [00:35:18]: Familiar with warfare.Noah [00:35:20]: Myself.Noah [00:35:20]: I'm one of those listeners.Brandon [00:35:20]: You said that level one autonomy, in other words just terminal guidance, just, like, human gets it to the finish line and then it goes over the finish line, increases mission success from 20 something percent to 71%, or something like that.Yaroslav [00:35:33]: Increases the kill zoneBrandon [00:35:34]: Increases the kill zoneYaroslav [00:35:34]: Three kilometers to 10 kilometers.Brandon [00:35:36]: Got it.Yaroslav [00:35:36]: On both parameters-Brandon [00:35:37]: What is full autonomy, dude? AndNoah [00:35:38]: Actually on real quick, can we define mission success and like, maybe in a way, what are the failure modes of missions?Brandon [00:35:44]: I have a guess what mission success is.Noah [00:35:46]: But I couldBrandon [00:35:47]: Get ‘em.Yaroslav [00:35:49]: No, but that's a very good question, in fact, because, even if you fly into the target, well, first the target can be damaged or destroyed. Those are two different modes. Then there can be different targets. A sole infantryman is one kind of target. A dugout where supposed there are some, enemies there is another kind of target, and a some mechanical equipment is another type of target. Radio emitting equipment, which, like, often, like, the targets that the military want to get more than anything else is the some enemy radio tower or something like that or some small radio dish that really makes life difficult in that area, in that combat area. So those are different targets, right? It can be destroyed, can be damaged.Then sometimes, the drone hits but doesn't explode. Like, that happens. And then, there are other failure modes. You didn't even reach the target because you were A jammed by electronic warfare; B, you lost the control over drone because of the radio horizon; C, you were jammed by a different type of electronic warfare that happens way before You hit the target area. It's, impacting your, video receiver. So like jamming on video or jamming on control are two different types of jamming. Then something malfunctioned on a drone, just a mechanical malfunction, maybe like a motor broke or like, whatever. So all of those are different failure modes. Yeah, or maybe you got lost, you're navigate navigating to your, to your target. That happens, too.Noah [00:37:41]: The Level one autonomy, basically you manage to point in a direction.Noah [00:37:49]: You go there, and then the last mile The drone taking over.Yaroslav [00:37:52]: We define this like, I define that but it sort of got picked up by the industry. We define five levels of autonomy. So level one is terminal guidance. It's what we just discussed. Level two is bombing. Level three is autonomous target detection and engagement decision. Level four is autonomous navigation. And level five is autonomous takeoff and landing.Noah [00:38:15]: Those are good things to knowYaroslav [00:38:16]: Those are five levels of autonomy. Now, if youNoah [00:38:19]: I have a question for you.Yaroslav [00:38:19]: Sorry. Like, let me finish withNoah [00:38:21]: SorryYaroslav [00:38:21]: Theoretical part.Noah [00:38:23]: What is Tesla running at right now?Yaroslav [00:38:25]: Tesla?Noah [00:38:25]: No, sorry.Yaroslav [00:38:26]: That's very good point. Like, it's exactly, it was inspired by the levels of self-driving autonomy.Noah [00:38:32]: Waymo's level five, right?Noah [00:38:35]: You just tell it where you want to go, it picks you up, and then you go there.Yaroslav [00:38:36]: I think, like, if you, if you look at the classic definitions of self-driving cars, Waymo is still, like, level four because it still requires even remote, but still, like, human control. It's like if Waymo gets in trouble, there is an operator who takes over and resolves this. So that would still be a level four. It doesn't map directly, but it's also five levels.Brandon [00:38:58]: Can I, can I interject a question here? In terms of an FPV drone that's like a suicide drone that'll just blow itself up killing something, how do what it hit? Like, does it, just transmit back, or do you sort of like, lose track of it and hope it hit? Like, what happens to that?Yaroslav [00:39:16]: That's a great question. SoBrandon [00:39:18]: You need another droneYaroslav [00:39:19]: Like, the current battlefield in Ukraine is saturated with different types of drones. So obviously you have all the FPV drones and last year alone, Ukraine manufactured about 4 million of these, and then Russia's maybe, like, 20% less than that. And for this year, the publicly voiced target was 7 million on Ukrainian side. So it's, like, serious numbers. We're getting in serious numbers here. And then besides those, there are different, reconnaissance drones, ISR as we call them, and there are sort of tactical level ISR where we, both Ukrainians and Russians usually use, Mavic, drone by DJI. And then there are a bunch of locally produced drones, which are sort of fixed wing drones that can stay in the air for much longer than Mavic, maybe, like, half an hour. And then, there are drones that can stay for many hours or even up to a day. And those drones have, are more expensive, have more expensive cameras, et cetera, et cetera. We hunt those drones that Russians launch. The Russians hunt our drones, and so on. But ideally, when you, are a group of soldiers operating an FPV, you'll have someone in your, company, or someone in your platoon who has an ISR asset that will do target designation for you. They'll say, “Oh, like, there's a Russian vehicle over there. Go and get him.”and you go there, you get it, and they're like, “Okay, confirmed.”Battlefield Surveillance and the Eight Dimensions of AutonomyBrandon [00:40:57]: Those guys are watching. They have their own drones in the sky.Yaroslav [00:40:59]: Target destroyed. They have, like, a carousel of drones because One Mavic cannot stay more than 30 minutes. ItBrandon [00:41:06]: They're constantly surveilling the battlefield.Yaroslav [00:41:07]: Almost every spot on the battlefield.Yaroslav [00:41:11]: It's not always the case. Sometimes you will not have a surveillance asset, so then you would launch another FPV just to confirm that there was a hit. Then if you see there was a hit and you're not sure if it completely destroyed, you maybe hit again for good measure.Brandon [00:41:26]: You double tap.Yaroslav [00:41:28]: That's how it works. But I was about to give you another sort of piece of taxonomy. So you have five levels of autonomy, right? Then you have sort of eight dimensions of autonomous battlefield. So what is eight dimensions? It's crucial to understand how autonomy evolves in a modern, battlefield environment. So dimension number one is level of autonomy. What are the capabilities that your asset has? Dimension number two is the platform you're operating on. So it can be a quadcopter, a fixed wing drone, different types of maybe, like, a long range drone or short range drone, but it can also be a missile. You can have autonomy even on an artillery shell or a ground vehicle or a sea vehicle. So all of those are different platforms. Level three would be domain. So it's ground to ground or ground to air as an intersection, or ground to sea or sea to air. They're all, like, all the nuances with different domains. Then level four, would be higher levels of autonomy, such as swarming, drone carriers, drone nests, et cetera.Brandon [00:42:39]: Now when you're saying level, you're talking about dimensions, not about-Yaroslav [00:42:42]: Sorry. YeahBrandon [00:42:43]: Autonomy levels. So dimension four.Yaroslav [00:42:43]: The dimension. Yeah, I used to say I was supposed to say dimension. I say dimension because each of them works with another, right? So you might have, like third level autonomy, fixed wing drone operating in land to air, and stuff like that right? And then operating in a swarm or operating from a nest. Right? Then you have, sort of dimension number five is environment. So is it day or night? Is it summer or winter? Is it, humid, cold, dry? What kind of target is it? Is your target hiding in a forest, or is it, behind a hill or within buildings? So all of that is environment. Then you have, dimension number six is command and control. How are you dealing with or like, tens of thousands of those assets around the battlefield? How are you coordinating that on the higher levels of command? How are you collecting data? All that.Yaroslav [00:43:44]: Dimension number seven would be infrastructure, so things like simulation, data collection tools, security, deployment mechanisms, et cetera. So all those systems have to be developed separately and integrate with all the others. And finally, dimension number eight is sort of distribution. Have you deployed 100 of these systems or 100,000 of these systems? Because those are two very different ballgames. So that now gives you a more broad overview of how autonomy propagates across the battle space.Targeting, Human Responsibility, and Rules of EngagementNoah [00:44:23]: As someone who has done machine learning and had gone out of distribution and had things, go horribly wrong, you were talking several of these, kind of axes of thinking about drone warfare seem like they could be very susceptible to some sort of distribution shift if you start making things autonomous.Yaroslav [00:44:41]: Like what?Noah [00:44:41]: I mean Well, first ofYaroslav [00:44:43]: If the I'm very interested Sort of sort of kinds of scenarios that you're thinking about.Noah [00:44:48]: Like the most obvious one is you, if I assume these are computer vision guided systems for at least the last mile, how do you ensure that oh, well, like you now have some fog roll in or something, and you, the drones just attack the wrong thing? Or maybe, it probably will not turn around and fly back and attack you, but youYaroslav [00:45:10]: Same, the same, the same question, how do you ensure that your mortar fire hits the right thing? Well, it's like mortar fire, give or take half a kilometer could be plus or minus. So maybe you fire one, and then you fire another. So drones are actually, much better in being precise in those scenarios. And I think, to your point, I think five to 10 years from now it will be immoral to use weapons without AI.Yaroslav [00:45:44]: ‘Cause weapons without AI will be more likely to cause, collateral damage or unwanted damage. Same way, it will be immoral to drive your own car manually on a public road because it's more likely to cause, unwanted damage.Noah [00:46:02]: Wow, I never considered that mightBrandon [00:46:04]: Really? That's definitely coming.Yaroslav [00:46:07]: Anyway.Brandon [00:46:07]: No, but that' I don't know, it's an obvious, an obvious thought. I agree with you.Brandon [00:46:12]: I, No, they, obviously they're not going to let you drive once most of the cars on the road are autonomous.Noah [00:46:17]: No, that one, don't I believe.Yaroslav [00:46:19]: No, I think you were you were talking about drones, right?Brandon [00:46:21]: The drones, right. Cool.Yaroslav [00:46:22]: The weapons, right?Brandon [00:46:23]: Friendly fire and collateral damage and stuff like that is all minimized with AI.Brandon [00:46:27]: Here's my question. Take all let's go to level six autonomy. Let's take all of the target selection. Let's take all the battlefield data, integrate it into one big AI, and have that big AI basically be in command of the battlefield And agentically do target selection.Yaroslav [00:46:44]: Be the general, right?Brandon [00:46:44]: It's a general. It's, you've cut humans out of the loop except maybe as dexterous robots, repairing drones and fastening things to drones or maybe something like that because you don't have those robots yet. How soon are we there? AI general.Yaroslav [00:46:58]: The most important thing to ask ourselves is who will be faster to that us or our adversaries?Brandon [00:47:07]: I assume us, but how fast will we be to that? I hope us.Yaroslav [00:47:11]: I hope so too.Brandon [00:47:12]: How fast can we Like when are we looking at that in terms of like horizons years?Yaroslav [00:47:18]: Like technically, it could be done now. The question is of course, there's, some engineering work to be done. The bigger challenge is deployment. Right? So okay, technically Like operation in Iran, right? They, the publicly, it was claimed that I think Palantir system was used for target designation, et cetera, et cetera. So it is not exactly as you say, the AI makes all the decisions, but basically AI goes through all the data you have, gives you these 1,027 different targets and says, “You-- To confirm, please press Okay.” And you look at the targets and you're like, “Yeah, sounds right. Press Okay.”so that's, I think that's where we are now already, or we were a couple weeks ago as we're recording this on April 10th. Another question is how massively deployable it is. Is it, like, every decision being made like that or is it, like, just some of the decisions made like that? And then different levels of command and control. There you have, like, the platoon, the company level, the battalion, et cetera, et cetera, et cetera. But the tricky thing here when we get into that territory, the tricky thing is If your enemy is getting advantage of being Thousand times faster than yourself by deploying such systems What do you do?Yaroslav [00:49:10]: You got to-Brandon [00:49:12]: The if the enemy is a thousand times faster than you at deploying those systems?Yaroslav [00:49:16]: Like, if enemy starts deploying level six autonomy, as you call And you have not started doingBrandon [00:49:22]: You're in troubleYaroslav [00:49:23]: Yes, exactly. So you have to catch up. So my point is that it is very important to think about the safety of these systems, but that thinking should not slow you down in developing them because they are critical for your existential, survival, right? And like, one person who doesn't think, doesn't get to think about the ethics of the war is a dead person. That person surely doesn't get to think about that.Brandon [00:49:52]: What would be the safety risk of such a system?Yaroslav [00:49:55]: Of course-Brandon [00:49:56]: Friendly fire?Yaroslav [00:49:56]: Just wrong decisions, right?Brandon [00:49:59]: I see.Yaroslav [00:49:59]: Maybe, these decisions-AI Command Decisions, Dead Zones, and Complex BattlefieldsBrandon [00:50:06]: Skynet AI decides it's going to useYaroslav [00:50:08]: No, these-Brandon [00:50:08]: Drone army to kill usYaroslav [00:50:09]: Decisions will not only be made about drones. They are likely to made about what the humans should do on your side as well. Then obviously some environments are more like Ukrainian-Russian war, where you haveBrandon [00:50:26]: It will have to choose to risk lives. It will have to choose to sacrifice human lives-Yaroslav [00:50:28]: Of courseBrandon [00:50:29]: On your side.Yaroslav [00:50:29]: Of course. And then some environments are just, like, dead, like, dead zones and there are no civilians there, or virtually no civilians close to the front line because, like, super dangerous. Everyone has evacuated from there. But there are other environments which are more like, okay, there's a counterterrorist operation. There's, like, a group of terrorists or a group of civilians. Or like, it's like the recent operations in Iran, I imagine that the US and Israeli forces do not want to harm civilians. They only targeted the military targets there, right? So in those situations, it's a different level of responsibility for that decision-making as well. And then there is just such a big variety of those military missions, and I'm not even, like, well-informed or well-educated in military science to tell you about all those scenarios. We would need to put some general besides me, and maybe a Ukraine general and American general would have told you very different stories about these things.Brandon [00:51:34]: Got it. Can I ask a few more questions? All right. So in 2013, I wrote one of my first, paid articles ever was about how the era of drones will change human society. I was just sitting around bored thinking about things.Yaroslav [00:51:54]: You were way ahead of your time.Brandon [00:51:55]: I said, I said, “The following will happen.”Yaroslav [00:51:57]: It's, this article is real. I've read it.Yaroslav [00:51:58]: It's actually-Brandon [00:51:59]: I said small autonomous, suicide drones, will cleanse the battlefield of human infantry. Human infantry will not be able to stand against swarms of AI-powered, suicide drones. That was I didn't even know about, like, AlexNet at the time, I think.Yaroslav [00:52:19]: You're just an avid sci-fi reader.Brandon [00:52:23]: I'm an avid sci-fi reader, but also, like, it's not Like, there will be a way to do that. It's a it's a nonlinear multidimensional search problem, and you get enough compute, you'll find some search algorithm that will get you there. And soBrandon [00:52:38]: I, yeah, I think that one sentence describes the bitter lesson right there.Brandon [00:52:41]: It's just like it's a multidimensional search space. You search it somehow. I don't know. Figure out some get a grad student-Yaroslav [00:52:47]: Sooner or laterBrandon [00:52:47]: To make a search algorithm.Brandon [00:52:48]: It's not that hard. Anyway, so but then, but I guess the point is The point is that human infantry on the battlefield will be will be gone at the end. I wrote that in 2013. Many people on social media laughed at me for that called me hysterical, said things like, “Electronic warfare will knock all the drones out of the sky.”like, “You need humans to hold ground.”that's something you still hear from a lot of people on social media today. I feel that this article that I've written has never been directionally wrong. It has gotten more and more right steadily over time, and that we're very reading the battlefield reports from Ukraine, where, human infantry are basically guy, like a few guys hiding in dugouts for months, and I'm not sure what they're doing.Yaroslav [00:53:35]: That's on Ukraine's side. On the Russian side, that's just like a zerg rush.Brandon [00:53:38]: The zerg rush, and then they just die. Then, but they have some guys in dugouts too, right? Like hiding in dugouts for months.Yaroslav [00:53:45]: They have. Yeah.Brandon [00:53:45]: Like, but that like, what are those guys doing in the dugouts? Are providing, like, frontline, like, reconnaissance? Like, what are they doing?Yaroslav [00:53:54]: If there is a guy in a dugout with some bullets and automatic weapon, the other guy cannot come and take the that dugout. That'Brandon [00:54:07]: I seeYaroslav [00:54:08]: They are they're establishing control over territory.Brandon [00:54:10]: I see. So that is so there still is a use for human infantry on the battlefield as of today.Yaroslav [00:54:15]: LikeBrandon [00:54:15]: How long will that last?Yaroslav [00:54:17]: I think it will last for a while. This is funny. There's this whole Layer of the modern culture, a modern Ukraine culture built around the war-related stuff. So there is this -Punk rock band, that is called SZC, I guess in English that would be. Which stands short for like a deserter or something like that. So anyhow, this band has a song titled “2030.” It's basically about the year 2030, and the war still goes on as like the whatever, third world war or whatever. And they basically, they, sang about the AI and like cyborgs and everything, but the simple infantry is still needed, and we're still, like, getting cold in those dugouts, and we're still doing our job. That's sort of the theme of the song. And it seems like that's actually what's going to happen. There areGround Robots, Simulation, and the Limits of World ModelsBrandon [00:55:30]: Ground robots will not replace humans in the dugouts soon.Yaroslav [00:55:34]: I'm very much interested in following the whole humanoid robot theme andBrandon [00:55:39]: What about like a dog robot?Noah [00:55:41]: Or just mobile controlled platforms or something.Brandon [00:55:44]: Spider robot, yeah.Brandon [00:55:45]: Everything evolves into a crab.Brandon [00:55:46]: You build a crab robot.Yaroslav [00:55:47]: A humanoid-Noah [00:55:48]: The carcinization of warfare.Yaroslav [00:55:51]: There is a lot of utility in humanoid robots because the world is designed around humanoids. So I would not, like, 100% disqualify the possibility that sometimes 10 years in the future, humanoid robots, will be actually fighting. So that's an actual Terminator kind of scenario.Brandon [00:56:14]: Yeah, in the first Terminator movie, you look at what they've got on the battlefield, they've got flying bomber drones and humanoid robots.Yaroslav [00:56:20]: Look, the cost of large language models of running them is getting so low, you can have basically an inexpensive computer running, what was a state-of-the-art model a year and a half ago, running it locally on a device with an open source model, which also means that the Chinese can have it, the Russians can have it, the North Koreans can have it, et cetera. So that is already possible. And with when we're looking at the acceleration of the neural nets, I would've, if not the acceleration of the large language models, I would've said that I don't think that humanoid robots will be able to be useful in the battlefield earlier than in 10 years. But if you account for the exponential, it might be five years or so. The problem with all of the autonomous systems, and it's like starts with self-driving cars and even with all the AI, like modern day AI agents, to make them really, useful, you have to solve such a long tail of edge cases, that it's really difficult to make them useful. Like we were promised, self-driving cars, what, like 2007, Sebastian Thrun and Google, and even before that all the challenges, everything. And Elon of course told us it's going to be one year from 2014, and now we still don't have self-driving Teslas everywhere. We have Waymos in SF and some other places, but they're still, like, not perfect. So I think, I expect something similar from self-flying drones and fully autonomous drones, and we saw that firsthand as with each level of autonomy that we're adding, there is a very wide distance between a prototype and something that is ready to be scaled to millions of units and something that has been scaled to millions of units. But the race with like AI coding tools is just insane. So things might accelerate very fast, faster than we can imagine.Noah [00:58:46]: I think your point is that with due to this long tail behavior Level one autonomy as you've defined it, is actually very natural. Like you basically are just solving an image recognition and tracking system.Yaroslav [00:59:02]: It's actually interesting that you say it that way, and I thought about this the very same way, and we have this joke that there are like 200 companies in Ukraine which are trying to solve last mile, targeting or terminal guidance. It seems like we're like the only company that actually solved that because even that problem-Noah [00:59:22]: I'm not saying it's, I'm not saying it's trivial, but it's at least something that you imagine given our current state.Yaroslav [00:59:26]: Like us and Eric Schmidt, like Eric Schmidt's companies are pretty good.Yaroslav [00:59:29]: Like, I actually have lots of respect to what they're doing, and they're, they have been practically influential and helpful on the battlefield, and they have good engineering.Noah [00:59:38]: I wasn't, I wasn't saying it's trivial. I'm just saying this is a something naturally adaptive based upon things that we know work, well. But some of the other domains that where you do have to make decisions and you have a long tail become much harder, and you worry about edge cases more.Yaroslav [00:59:57]: Like the more, the more complex behavior you're trying to simulate, the more edge cases there are right? The more ways to do it wrong there are. And then there are different approaches. It's like if you think about, if you read academic papers about robotics, right? You sort of the robot is represented as something that has the sort of sensor input, and then you have three, levels of sort of logics or decision-making, which are perception, planning, and control, and then you have actuators as output.So pre-neural nets, you would do perception output and control all with classic logics, right? Then, with AlexNet and computer vision, you could do perception with neural nets and the rest with logic. You cannot currently do each of those separately with neural nets, each of those separately with logics, or you can just have one huge neural net that just takes lots of sensory data. It's not just pixels. Could be sound, could be accelerometer, could be everything, as input, and just outputs the controls. And some of the self-driving car companies are doing that or like, experimenting between different ways of doing that. So you can also, like, think about that and the way you implement those features, also influences how much degrees of freedom the system would have, right? Like control, you can do it classical algorithmic control with common filters and PAD filter, PAD controllers, et cetera, or you can do a neural net, that was trained in a gym with a reinforcement learning, et cetera. And those would be two different behaviors of a system.Noah [01:01:53]: I-- Maybe my point was just much more high level. It'Yaroslav [01:01:56]: Or you can If you go even like, if you go high level, you can, you can like train to like have whatever, like Feifei Li and folks who are doing like physical, sortBrandon [01:02:08]: World modelsYaroslav [01:02:08]: World models, right, physical intelligence, they're trying to make these big models and sort of understand the world and then supposedly you have such model and you can tell a drone, “Okay, like, go over that hill and like, find the bad guys and then get them,”or “Make me a video, make me a photo of the guy smiling and get back to me.” Right? That's one way. Another way you have like these subsystems, like one is navigation, another is finding the person, another is like getting to them to take a photo. And those are again, very different behaviors. And then it's not that one is necessarily better than the other, and we might have more technological ability to do one or another. But all of those systems will exist. And then again, you should always keep in mind that it's only the not only the good guys that are developing these systems, the bad guys are developing these systems as well.China's Drone Supply Chain and the West's Manufacturing GapNoah [01:03:00]: I guess where I'm going with this back to Noah's original thought with the end of the end of the soldier. And so in order to replace-Brandon [01:03:10]: Or at least the end of the rifleman.Noah [01:03:11]: Or the end of the rifleman, yeah.Yaroslav [01:03:13]: I'm not seeing that very close, and it was like I'm, as much as I'm a lover of sci-fi and all of that and a technologist, the more I try to beYaroslav [01:03:27]: Like the I try to have certain humility about these things, and like the military, domain and there was just so much human history and blood and tears, dedicated to sort of understanding this art of war and perfecting it and so on. There is so much knowledge in there that I don't feel like I even started to comprehend, a lot of that. But one thing that I really understood is that even though drones are now making eighty percent of the casualties, you go to the actual officers, you talk to the actual, like, brigade commanders, corps commanders, and they explain to you, how all of it fits together, how when you're thinking about an operation that involves a couple thousand people to get this piece of land, out of the enemy's hands, deoccu deoccupy it, how it is so complex, it involves, dozens of different types of drones and then land operations and reconnaissance operations, psychological operations and then aviations and tanks and logistics and all kinds of these different assets. So modern warfare is really very complex, and the fact that the drones are the latest, coolest thing, and then the AI is latest, coolest thing, doesn't mean that now it's that and only that right? So yeah. Whoever's looking into that I think should realize that it's not just what the press talks about, that the reality is much more difficult, much more complex.Brandon [01:05:17]: Let's talk about China and China's manufacturing capabilities. So suppose that someone, like suppose the United States went to war with China. AndYaroslav [01:05:26]: I hope not.Brandon [01:05:27]: I hope not as well. And then but suppose that drones were very essential to that war of all the types of drones that we're talking about here, and that suppose that China said, “All right, well, you need X and Y and Z, to make those drones to fight us, and we control the production of X and Y and Z, so we're just going to cut you right off, and now you have no drones.”Brandon [01:05:47]: I know that a number of countries, including Ukraine and Taiwan, have been making moves to China-proof their drone productions that China couldn't do that. Examples of things they might be able to cut off might include rare earths, fiber optic cable that you were talking about before, various other things that where even if they don't control one hundred percent of the production, they control enough of the production that would be extremely expensive to produce it without relying on Chinese sources. Or the market's fragmented enough, et cetera. What do you see as China's key bottlenecks, and how easy are those to overcome in terms of China-proofing drone production in case of a war against China?Yaroslav [01:06:30]: Let me start with a saying that -Although China does not sell directly to Ukraine and it does sell directly to Russia, a lot of Ukrainian supply chains, they start in China, right?Yaroslav [01:06:49]: We're not in a conflict with China, and we would not want to be in a conflict with China. And we'd hope that China stays a neutral power between Ukraine and Russia and the US as well. That said, the scenario that you're describing, everything is much worse.Yaroslav [01:07:11]: Think about this. Last year, Ukraine produced four million FPV drones. Ukraine is not the most industrious nation in the world.Yaroslav [01:07:19]: China can produce four billion of these FPV drones.Yaroslav [01:07:23]: China can make them not drones with propellers, but fixed-wing drones, which go not forty kilometers far, but maybe two to three hundred kilometers inland.
Welcome to Mysteries to Die For.I am TG Wolff and am here with Jack, my piano player and producer. This is a podcast where we combine storytelling with original music to put you in the heart of a mystery. All stories are structured to challenge you to beat the detective to the solution. Jack and I perform these live, front to back, no breaks, no fakes, no retakes.In the world's most dangerous working environments it can seem like everything is out to kill you. The equipment you use. The materials you work with. The very air you breathe. Stored energy is a coiled viper waiting for the right moment to lash out. Owners, manufacturers, contractors, and beyond have developed safety protocols to combat STCKY, that is, Stuff That Can Kill You. Gravity, Motion, Mechanical, Electrical, Pressure, Sound, Radiation, Biological, Chemical, Temperature. This season is all about the means of murder as authors put our STCKY detective skills to the test. This is Season 9, Stuff That Can Kill You.This is Episode 10a, where mechanical is our STCKY means of death. This is Finely Ground Karma Part 1 by Jason LittleABOUT Jason LittleJason Little is a Texas-based fiction writer known for crafting dark, suspense-driven stories with sharp twists and unforgettable endings. His work spans horror, mystery, and psychological thrillers, with a focus on stories that linger long after the final line.He is a recurring contributor to Mysteries to Die For, where his stories challenge listeners to solve the mystery before the truth is revealed.For readers who want more, Jason publishes exclusive horror stories, longer-form fiction, and behind-the-scenes content that is always written by a human, never by AI, on his Patreon at FromtheFrightVault. Discover more of Jason's work at JasonLittleWriting.com.WRAP UPThat wraps this episode of Mysteries to Die For. Support our show by subscribing, telling a mystery lover about us, and giving us a five-star review. Check out our website m2d4podcast.com for links to this season's authors.Mysteries to Die For is hosted by TG Wolff and Jack Wolff. Finely Ground Karma was written by Jason Little. Music and production are by Jack Wolff. Episode art is by TG Wolff. Come back next week for part 2 of Finely Ground Karma.
We are back with another blast from the past! While the Amplify Team is busy saving lives, please enjoy a rerun of episode 1, one of our highest-ranking episodes of all time. In this episode, recorded in June of 2019, co-founders Wesley and Rob give an overview of the Mechanical Integrity (MI) element of OSHA's Process Safety Management (PSM) standard. And, what in the world is RAGAGEP? You'll learn some background for the term with references to OSHA's 2016 interpretation letter, and then they'll sling some more acronyms at you as they explain a few examples of widely adopted codes, consensus documents, and non-consensus documents. Tune in to find out more!Interested in the OSHA interpretation letter Rob mentioned? Check it out here!
We are back this week recording in person to preview the Montreal GP. We also listen to one host rant about countries changing their names and we go through some of our recent mechanical failures around the house. Enjoy!
MacroVoices Erik Townsend & Patrick Ceresna welcome, Mike Green. They discuss why the Hormuz crisis hasn't derailed the S&P 500's surge to new all-time highs, Mike's disagreement with secular-inflation forecasts, why Kevin Warsh could be more likely to cut rates aggressively than hike, and the unintended consequences of passive investing through index funds. https://bit.ly/3R6TDhH
Mechanical watches were once essential tools for pilots, divers, scientists, race car drivers, etc. You've probably seen the advertisements in old National Geographic magazines, showing spelunkers proudly wearing their Rolex Explorers or a pilot checking his Breitling Navitimer, using it to calculate fuel consumption. For many years (decades) now, this has been handled digitally, as that's quicker and perhaps more reliable and precise. Yet, we still call certain timepieces “tool watches.” Prime examples are diving and aviation watches that often cost more than an average monthly salary (or two).
Episode Maxim "When it comes to firearms training—there's no substitute for real-time coaching and learning to think outside the box." Episode Summary In this episode, Keith and I sit down with Jack Daniel, Director of Training at Thunder Ranch, to dive deep into the art and science of firearms training. Drawing on his 19-year law enforcement career specializing in patrol, narcotics, and SWAT leadership, Jack shares the lessons he's carried into civilian training and the mindset shifts required when moving from law enforcement to teaching civilians. Jack unpacks the importance of individualized instruction, the role of leadership on the range, and how Thunder Ranch continues to evolve its training doctrines post-Clint Smith. We explore everything from dry fire best practices and common student “training scars,” to crucial live fire drills and the value of pressure-tested mindset and mechanics. We also discuss what makes Thunder Ranch stand out among firearms training facilities, gear failures to avoid, and Jack's approach to realistic defensive encounters. Plus, Jack shares his rapid-fire insights on overhyped training trends, fist fighting myths, and the most overlooked piece of carry gear—all while giving listeners actionable advice to elevate their skills. Call to Action Join our mailing list: Thegunexperiment.com Subscribe and leave us a comment on Apple or Spotify Follow us on all of our social media: Instagram Youtube Grab some cool TGE merch Ask us anything at AskMikeandKeith@gmail.com Be sure to support the sponsors of the show. They're a big part of making the show possible. Show Sponsors HSM Ammunition: Precision you can trust, American made performance. Learn more at hsmammunition.com Onsite Firearms Training (OFT): Practical, no-nonsense, results-driven training. Check out courses at oftllc.us Flatline Fiberco: Industry-leading soft goods for durability, comfort, and mission readiness. Shop at flatlinefiberco.com with promo code TGE10 for 10% off Key Takeaways Leadership and mentorship are essential for new and experienced shooters (07:03). Every class at Thunder Ranch is customized—no cookie-cutter training, all individualized focus (08:12). Mechanical “scars” like unnecessary motion and bad reload habits are common even in experienced shooters (19:43). Dry fire is valuable, but be mindful of ingraining poor habits; in-person instruction is irreplaceable (22:40). The best live fire drill: Draw and fire one round with precision under a realistic time constraint (38:09). Thunder Ranch's efficiency, world-class facility, and a culture of humility among instructors make it unique (51:17). Mindset often breaks down first unless pressure-tested; mechanics and mindset must both be trained (42:38). Maintenance and correct installation of gear prevents failures, even with high-end equipment (59:01). The ranch's foundation is solid—innovation continues while honoring Clint Smith's legacy (46:41). Guest Information Jack Daniel Director of Training, Thunder Ranch Former Oregon law enforcement officer (SWAT lieutenant, patrol, narcotics, training) Nearly two decades experience in real-world operations Full-time instructor and Director of Training at Thunder Ranch, one of America's most respected firearms facilities Passionate about individualized, logic-driven coaching and evolving defensive training doctrines Thunder Ranch Website Keywords Thunder Ranch, firearms training, Jack Daniel, gun instruction, SWAT leadership, law enforcement, civilian firearms classes, dry fire, live fire drills, trigger control, mindset, gun safety, mechanical breakdown, training scars, defensive pistol, concealed carry, gear failures, Clint Smith, Oregon gun range, gun experiment podcast, shooting techniques, tourniquet, rapid fire, firearm maintenance, realistic gunfighting, shooting accuracy, gun community
**Jeep Talk Show Interview: Justin Dugan (Turn 5 / Extreme Terrain) – 15 Years of Building, Racing & Go Topless Day!** Hidy ho boys and girls — it's time for another Jeep Talk Show interview episode! In this episode, Tony sits down with Justin Dugan — video host, brand ambassador, and automotive legend at Turn 5's family of brands (Extreme Terrain, American Trucks, American Muscle, and more). With 15 years at the company, Justin has built countless vehicles, shot thousands of videos, and even won the 4,500 class at the Ultra4 Nationals co-driving with Vaughn Gittin Jr. in 2017. We dive deep into: - Justin's journey from Mustang guy to loving everything with wheels (and good noises) - What's changed at Turn 5 over the past 15 years (from ~50 employees to over 600!) - Go Topless Day 2026 details — how to join, charity impact, and why it's so much more than just taking the tops off - Truck builds, off-roading full-size trucks vs. Jeeps, skids, lockers, and why mechanical is still king - SEMA stories, being "the talent," and the universal language of car guys Whether you're into Jeeps, full-size trucks, Mustangs, or just love the culture — this one's packed with stories, laughs, and real talk. **Timestamps:** 00:00 Opening Banter 00:31 Justin Dugan's Career Overview 01:16 Passion for Jeep Culture 01:40 Video Production Background 02:13 Talent Nickname Discussion 03:04 Brand Ambassadors and Guest Spotlight 05:18 Modding Facility Access 06:24 Company Growth Over 15 Years 07:37 Go Topless Day Legacy 08:53 Event Concerns and Brand Issues 10:38 State Event Planning and Matching 13:27 Donation Matching and Event Targets 14:31 Swag, Ducks, and Venue Ideas 16:47 Promoting Simple Local Events 17:26 Rig Mod Projects and New Brands 18:51 Turn Five Reach and Insider Access 24:25 American Trucks Talk and EV Prospects 27:55 Nostalgic Muscle Car Stories 32:31 Freedom of Open‑Top Driving 33:23 Truck Off‑Road Performance 33:53 Jeep vs Truck Off‑Road Comparison 36:23 XT Build Philosophy 38:08 Raptor Training and 4WD Issues 39:43 Vacuum 4WD and Pump Hack 40:51 Mechanical vs Electronic Debate 42:20 Skids and Freebies Discussion 44:06 Gender Disparity in Free Parts 44:47 Social Media Links and Farewell **Links:** - Extreme Terrain / Go Topless Day: https://www.extremeterrain.com/go-topless-day - Find or Register an Event: https://www.extremeterrain.com/go-topless-day - Follow Justin & Extreme Terrain: @ExtremeTerrain (Instagram, Facebook, TikTok) Drop a comment: What's your dream build — Jeep, truck, or Mustang? And are you hitting Go Topless Day this year? If you enjoyed the conversation, hit LIKE, subscribe, and ring the bell so you never miss an episode! **#JeepTalkShow #GoToplessDay #ExtremeTerrain #JeepLife #TruckBuilds #OffRoad #JustinDugan #Turn5 #AmericanTrucks #JeepNation** Thanks for watching — now go make your rig cooler, louder, faster, and more capable!
A boiler failure can create pressure quickly: production is down, emotions are high, and the water treater may be the first person blamed. Cheryl Heiser of TGWT Clean Technologies Inc. joins Trace Blackmore, CWT, to walk through a more disciplined way to evaluate boiler issues by looking beyond chemistry alone. Why Boiler Failures Need a Broader Lens Cheryl brings field experience from the OEM boiler side, conventional water treatment, and purified tannin boiler treatment. Her perspective is rooted in the idea that no two boilers are the same. Design, operating conditions, fuel, history, circulation, steam separation, and customer practices all influence how a boiler behaves. She explains the premise of her AWT paper: helping water treaters avoid being immediately blamed when boiler tube failures occur. In her case study, two twin HRSG units were producing 100,000 pounds per hour of steam each, with superheaters operating at 600 PSI and 750 degrees Fahrenheit. The failures did not point to a simple water treatment explanation. Instead, the investigation involved steam drum internals, carryover, tube geometry, circulation concerns, and normal operating water level. What to Look for Inside the Boiler Cheryl emphasizes inspection discipline. Take photos, use a borescope when available, enter the boiler when safe and possible, and look for patterns in deposits, discoloration, distortion, turbulence, uneven circulation, and steam drum staining. She also explains why orientation matters. A photo that makes sense during the inspection may be difficult to interpret later unless the location and direction are clearly identified. Deposit analysis and metallurgical analysis can also help determine whether a failure is connected to deposits, material factors, overheating, combustion-side issues, or other mechanical contributors. The key is to understand the boiler as a system, not as a black box. Trust, Documentation, and Customer Communication When a boiler is down, the relationship with the customer matters as much as the technical investigation. Cheryl encourages water professionals to guide customers toward an investigative approach instead of a defensive reaction. That means asking better questions, understanding what relies on the steam, knowing the customer's priorities, and reassuring them that the goal is to find the root cause. Trace closes the conversation by reinforcing the importance of documentation. Service reports protect the customer, the boiler, and the water treater. When recommendations are made, they need to be written down, repeated when necessary, and tied back to the operational risks they are meant to prevent. Listen to the full conversation above. Explore related episodes below. Stay engaged, keep learning, and continue scaling up your knowledge! Timestamps 02:31 — Trace Blackmore shares guidance for Certified Water Technologists on staying ahead of CEU requirements, preparing through CWT Prep, using AWT technical training for verified CEUs, taking the first step toward certification, and creating accountability around professional goals 08:01 — Trace introduces the episode's boiler troubleshooting theme, explaining that no two boilers are the same because design, operating conditions, fuel, history, and system "personality" can all affect how problems show up 08:38 — Words of Water with James McDonald 10:13 — Upcoming Events for Water Treatment Professionals 12:04 — Interview with Cheryl Heiser, International Business Development Manager, Tannin Guys Network, TGWT: Trace welcomes Cheryl and references her recent AWT conference paper on boiler failures. 12:38 — Cheryl shares her career path from field work with Babcock and Wilcox to conventional water treatment and purified tannin boiler treatment. 13:43 — Cheryl explains how her boiler background led naturally into water treatment through her interest in fireside conditions, water-side chemistry, and boiler metallurgy. 14:32 — Cheryl describes starting in boilers during an engineering internship in northern Alberta, where she worked around major boiler inspections, shutdowns, NDE inspectors, and boiler specialists. 16:46 — Cheryl explains why she wrote and presented an AWT paper: to help water treaters understand boiler failures from a physical and mechanical perspective, not only from a water treatment perspective. 17:38 — Cheryl outlines the premise of her paper: boiler tube failures may involve operating conditions, operator practices, design issues, circulation problems, overheating, or carryover, not only water chemistry. 19:32 — Cheryl explains why distinguishing between water-cooled tubes and steam-cooled tubes matters when evaluating boiler operating conditions and failure locations. 19:57 — Cheryl discusses superheater tube failures in the case study and explains how carryover from the steam drum contributed to deposits on the hottest part of the superheater. 20:52 — Cheryl describes generating bank tube failures related to tube geometry, low slope, flow stalling, repeated wetting and drying, magnetite behavior, and thinning. 22:17 — Cheryl explains how the normal operating water level in the steam drum made the generating bank issue worse because the top row of tubes was not fully flooded. 23:06 — Cheryl shares how to begin a boiler failure investigation by asking detailed questions about operation, combustion, water treatment, controls, mechanical conditions, leaks, and the customer's immediate priorities. 24:40 — Cheryl emphasizes inspection tools and practices, including photos, borescopes, entering the boiler, when possible, deposit analysis, and metallurgical analysis 27:16 — Cheryl explains how to keep inspection photos useful by labeling locations and capturing orientation, such as fire end, cold end, right side, left side, north end, or south end 29:27 — Cheryl identifies specific inspection clues in a steam drum, including water line stains, turbulence, uneven circulation, leaking internals, deposits, and deposit patterns 33:20 — Cheryl discusses how stress, downtime, and customer trust affect boiler failure investigations and why water treaters should guide an investigative approach rather than a reaction 37:40 — Cheryl discusses her AWT committee involvement, including Women on Water and the Boiler Committee, and how those roles support networking, confidence-building, technical contribution, and industry learning 41:40 — Cheryl recommends practical ways to learn boiler systems: trace lines, understand steam use, observe furnace viewports, note sight glass levels, and ask new questions during service visits 43:02 — Cheryl recommends the Babcock and Wilcox Steam book as a major boiler reference and encourages water professionals to understand combustion-side factors that can affect water-side problems 49:17 — Trace closes the episode by reinforcing better troubleshooting through structured questions, careful documentation, service reports, and a willingness to work with customers on root cause rather than defaulting to blame Quotes "And if you know enough about your boiler, you can help the customer find other reasons for failures other than just saying, well, it must be the water chemistry, it must be the water treatment." "You have to ask a lot of questions." "That's really the basis of a good investigative process." "First and foremost, always take lots of photos." "The more you can inspect, the better, even if at first it doesn't seem like that area might be related to the failure or the issue." "This is where you can help them keep an open mind, guide an investigative approach rather than a reaction." "But just knowing your customer's system and their priorities is really key." "I wish more people understood how critical steam boilers are in manufacturing, food production, power generation, heating, and so many other things." "So, whenever you mention something to a customer, get in the habit of writing that down in the service report." Connect with Cheryl Heiser Phone: (613) 277-7804 Email: cheiser@tgwt.com Website: https://www.tgwt.com/ LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/cheryl-heiser-02529373/ Guest Resources Mentioned Gravitas: The 8 Strengths That Redefine Confidence by Lisa Sun She Thinks Like a Boss: Leadership: 9 Essential Skills for New Female Leaders in Business and the Workplace by Jemma Roedel Lean In: Women, Work, and the Will to Lead by Sheryl Sandberg STEAM/its generation and use (42nd Edition) Mechanical vs Chemical Reasons for Water Tube Boiler Failures's Technical Paper Bobcock & Wilcox's Finding the Root Cause of Boiler Tube Failures Bobcock & Wilcox's The Importance of Boiler Water and Steam Chemistry Chapter 14 - Boiler System Failures Scaling UP! H2O Resources Mentioned AWT (Association of Water Technologies) Scaling UP! H2O Academy video courses Submit a Show Idea The Rising Tide Mastermind Words of Water with James McDonald Today's definition is an expression that describes the terminal settling velocity of small, spherical particles falling through a fluid under laminar-flow conditions, based on the balance of gravitational, buoyant, and viscous drag forces. Can you guess the word or phrase? 2026 Events for Water Professionals Check out our Scaling UP! H2O Events Calendar where we've listed every event Water Treaters should be aware of by clicking HERE.
CoROM cast. Wilderness, Austere, Remote and Resource-limited Medicine.
This week, Aebhric O'Kelly is joined by William Krupa, who recently graduated from the MSc Austere Critical Care programme. They discuss wilderness medicine, tactical medicine education, prolonged field care, and his experience completing the MSc in Austere Critical Care at the College of Remote and Offshore Medicine Foundation.William shares his journey from infantry soldier to paramedic educator, discusses teaching Wilderness First Responder (WFR) programmes, reflects on attending the Medicine in the Mediterranean Conference in Malta, and provides an overview of his MSc thesis on austere mechanical ventilation using portable oxygen concentrators and closed-circuit systems.This episode explores how austere medicine education can reinvigorate clinicians, improve critical thinking, and bridge the gap between theory and operational practice. Chapters00:00 – Introduction to the episode and guest welcome00:41 – William's current work in paramedicine, wilderness medicine, and tactical medicine education01:20 – Military background and transition into medicine02:30 – Repeating EMT training after military service03:53 – Why repeated teaching improves clinicians and educators05:07 – The value of teaching Wilderness First Responder (WFR) courses07:22 – Deep dives into improvised medicine during longer wilderness courses07:55 – The history of CoROM and how WFR led to degree programmes09:33 – William's first trip to Malta for APUS and ICARE10:20 – Scenario-based learning and hands-on education at CoROM11:34 – The realism of the ICARE moulage and burn simulations14:05 – Medicine in the Mediterranean Conference experience14:51 – Ukraine battlefield medicine workshop and WPC certification15:40 – Graduation and earning the MSc in Austere Critical Care16:14 – Publishing research and future doctoral plans17:18 – Why William chose the MSc in Austere Critical Care19:23 – What makes CoROM different from other critical care programmes22:16 – Mentorship from MD-PhD faculty and practical education26:08 – William's MSc thesis on austere mechanical ventilation27:39 – Using oxygen concentrators and closed-circuit systems in austere care29:28 – Research discussion: dual oxygen concentrators and FiO₂ optimisation31:15 – Challenges during the MSc programme33:32 – How the MSc changed William's clinical practice34:44 – Suggestions for future development of the MSc programme36:47 – Teaching WFR in Utah with Black Swan and Human Path39:01 – Achieving Fellowship of the Academy of Wilderness Medicine (FAWM)41:08 – Why wilderness fellowships carry professional value43:46 – Advice for new medics entering austere medicine45:11 – Closing remarks and congratulations Key Topics • Wilderness medicine education • WMS FAWM • Tactical medicine and TC3 instruction • Prolonged Field Care (PFC) • Austere Critical Care education • Scenario-based simulation training • Improvised medicine • Mechanical ventilation in austere environments • Oxygen conservation strategies • Wilderness medicine fellowships • Medical education mentorship • International austere medicine collaboration Key Takeaways• Scenario-based education improves retention and operational performance. • Wilderness medicine often reignites clinicians' passion for medicine. • Austere medicine requires adaptability rather than dependence on resources. • International collaboration broadens clinical understanding and perspective. • Practical mentorship from operational clinicians is critical in advanced education. • Mechanical ventilation in austere environments may be feasible with low-resource systems. • Long-form wilderness courses allow deeper exploration of improvised medicine concepts. • Continuous learning is essential for clinicians operating in remote and austere environments.
In today's fast-paced business environment, effective leadership is crucial for achieving sustainable business growth and organizational effectiveness. Mechanical leaders often create mechanical results, which can hinder a company's ability to adapt to a paradigm shift in business and ultimately limit its potential for long-term success. By adopting a living organization framework and focusing on human development in organizations, leaders can foster a corporate culture change that prioritizes heart-centered leadership, emotional intelligence, and servant leadership principles. This approach enables leaders to develop innovative leadership strategies that promote collective identity in teams, enhance team dynamics, and drive strategy execution. As a result, organizations can experience a significant transformation, leading to improved leadership maturity and a more human-centric approach to business. By embracing this new perspective, leaders can unlock their full potential and create a positive impact on their organizations, ultimately achieving remarkable results and driving sustainable growth. Discover how mechanical leaders can create mechanical results and learn how to break free from this cycle to achieve exceptional leadership transformation and organizational effectiveness.The discussion centers on the transformative paradigm introduced by Norman Wolfe, where organizations are reimagined not just as mechanical structures but as living, evolving entities. This change in perspective prompts a significant reevaluation of leadership methods, urging leaders to adopt a heart-centered approach that values human potential over the traditional focus on optimizing resources like machines. Wolfe points out that the current paradigm has created a disconnect between strategy execution and the overall development of people, resulting in a surprising statistic—the fact that roughly 70% of organizations stumble in their strategic efforts. As we explore the details of this living organization model, it becomes clear that an organization's success is closely tied to the collective maturity and relational dynamics of its members. Therefore, effective leadership depends on cultivating environments where collaboration and personal initiative flourish, ultimately increasing organizational resilience and flexibility in facing today's challenges.Takeaways:Leadership in contemporary organizations necessitates a paradigm shift from mechanistic approaches to recognizing organizations as living systems, emphasizing the importance of nurturing human development alongside business outcomes.Norman Wolfe's Living Organization framework posits that sustainable growth is intrinsically linked to the development of individuals within an organization, highlighting the necessity for leaders to cultivate maturity and capability among their teams.The persistent failure of 70% of organizations to effectively execute strategy stems from a prevalent paradigm trap that restricts innovative thinking, necessitating a reevaluation of traditional operational methodologies.To foster a culture of ownership and engagement, leaders must transition from simply directing tasks to facilitating collaborative contribution, thereby enhancing the collective identity of teams within the organizational ecosystem.The concept of 'heart-centered wisdom' emerges as a pivotal guiding principle, advocating for leaders to prioritize authentic connections and emotional intelligence in their interactions with team members.As organizations face escalating complexity and unpredictability in their environments, the Living Organization model offers a resilient framework that empowers adaptability and responsiveness to dynamic market conditions.Links referenced in this episode:quantumleaders.comthelivingorganization.comMentioned in this episode:My friend Dr. Noah St. John calls this 'the invisible brake.' He's giving our listeners a free Revenue Ceiling Audit to help you see what's REALLY holding you back. You'll also get a FREE 30-day membership to Noah Bot, giving you access to Dr. Noah's 30 years of experience to help you reach your next level. But hurry, because there are only 50 available this month. So if you're tired of being stuck at the same revenue level and want to finally break through, get your FREE Revenue Ceiling Audit at https://www.noahvault.com?aff=d28bf6c78150c7f09896297dfe1701c1cd191ac6fc9976779212cec5d38e94d6
Thu, 07 May 2026 14:15:00 GMT http://relay.fm/penaddict/715 http://relay.fm/penaddict/715 Aliens From Mechanical Pencil Land 715 Brad Dowdy and Myke Hurley This is a “Brad buys things episode,” with no item more important to the future of this podcast than the Pilot AIRSTEP. This is a “Brad buys things episode,” with no item more important to the future of this podcast than the Pilot AIRSTEP. clean 3207 This is a “Brad buys things episode,” with no item more important to the future of this podcast than the Pilot AIRSTEP. This episode of The Pen Addict is sponsored by: Factor: Healthy, fully-prepared food delivered to your door. Use code penaddict50off Pen Chalet: Check out this week's special offer, and to get your code for 10% off. Links and Show Notes: Support The Pen Addict with a Relay Membership Submit Feedback The Pen Addict #632: Reaching Stationery Nirvana - Relay Lamy Safari 2026 Neon Pink and Neon Yellow • Robb Knight Boorum & Pease Record Book wander & write - YouTube Pairings Party: Fountain Telling Willow Fountain Pen, Sailor Manyo Uri — The Pen Addict Ungeniused #122: Dazzle Camouflage - Relay Zodiac Pens Pisces – Instagram Fountain Pens – D Squared Arts Baetylus | Den's Pens Delta DV Original Midsize Orange/Primary Manip. 4.5 Fountain Pens – Pen Chalet Platinum Limited Special Preppy Black Edition Fountain Pens – Pen Chalet Laban 326 Midnight Mirage Fountain Pens – Pen Chalet ‘Shepherd's warning' – pensbycasey – Instagram Edison Newark Fountain Pen in Magellanic Clouds LE - Goldspot Pens Ink Review #1323: Sailor Manyo Yomogi — Mountain of Ink Pilot AIRSTEP Mechanical Pencils | JetPens
Thu, 07 May 2026 14:15:00 GMT http://relay.fm/penaddict/715 http://relay.fm/penaddict/715 Brad Dowdy and Myke Hurley This is a “Brad buys things episode,” with no item more important to the future of this podcast than the Pilot AIRSTEP. This is a “Brad buys things episode,” with no item more important to the future of this podcast than the Pilot AIRSTEP. clean 3207 This is a “Brad buys things episode,” with no item more important to the future of this podcast than the Pilot AIRSTEP. This episode of The Pen Addict is sponsored by: Factor: Healthy, fully-prepared food delivered to your door. Use code penaddict50off Pen Chalet: Check out this week's special offer, and to get your code for 10% off. Links and Show Notes: Support The Pen Addict with a Relay Membership Submit Feedback The Pen Addict #632: Reaching Stationery Nirvana - Relay Lamy Safari 2026 Neon Pink and Neon Yellow • Robb Knight Boorum & Pease Record Book wander & write - YouTube Pairings Party: Fountain Telling Willow Fountain Pen, Sailor Manyo Uri — The Pen Addict Ungeniused #122: Dazzle Camouflage - Relay Zodiac Pens Pisces – Instagram Fountain Pens – D Squared Arts Baetylus | Den's Pens Delta DV Original Midsize Orange/Primary Manip. 4.5 Fountain Pens – Pen Chalet Platinum Limited Special Preppy Black Edition Fountain Pens – Pen Chalet Laban 326 Midnight Mirage Fountain Pens – Pen Chalet ‘Shepherd's warning' – pensbycasey – Instagram Edison Newark Fountain Pen in Magellanic Clouds LE - Goldspot Pens Ink Review #1323: Sailor Manyo Yomogi — Mountain of Ink Pilot AIRSTEP Mechanical Pencils | JetPens
How to Trade Stocks and Options Podcast by 10minutestocktrader.com
Are you looking to save time, make money, and start winning with less risk? Then head to https://www.ovtlyr.com.Attention to all Ovtlyr who will be joining us at the Trader Fest Live Summit 2026 Presented by Tradier, Sponsored by Cboe!
What does it take to carry a family business into the next generation while staying true to its roots? In this episode, Mims McLennan shares the story of Ward Mechanical Equipment, a Mississippi-based company serving contractors across the state since 1965. From a recent ownership transition to a continued commitment to service, community, and quality, Mims reflects on what it means to lead a locally owned business. He also discusses how working with Story Financial Partners associates helped ensure a smooth transition and positioned the company for future growth while remaining deeply connected to the community it serves.
Have you ever wondered if you should get liposuction when you need skin removal surgery after major weight loss?In this mailbag episode, Dr. Cooper, Mark, and Andrea tackle questions from listeners around the world, from Germany to Alabama to Chicago. They discuss why restricting calories while on GLP-1 medications can actually work against you, address the reality of finding metabolic-informed doctors internationally, and explain the science behind fat cell removal during skin surgeries. Plus, they share details about the newly approved oral GLP-1 medication orforglipron (Foundayo) and why vegetables, fats and starches matter even when you're protein-focused.KEY TAKEAWAYSRestricting calories on GLP-1 medications can lower your metabolic rate and weaken your body's natural GLP-1 productionLiposuction during skin removal surgery may disrupt leptin signaling, though males may be less affected than females due to naturally lower leptin levelsFinding metabolic-informed doctors globally remains challenging, but obesity medicine certification and Canadian and European obesity organizations may offer better resourcesThe oral GLP-1 medication orforglipron will likely be less expensive but also less effective than dual-agonist medications like tirzepatideMechanical eating without calorie counting often produces better long-term results than restrictive approachesVegetables provide essential micronutrients and support healthy microbiome function that protein alone cannot replaceMajor weight loss surgery like tummy tucks is serious surgery that requires careful consideration and qualified surgeonsNOTE: This episode was recorded before Foundayo (orforglipron) was released on the market. The price is the same as the Wegovy pill. Listen to our episode - “New Obesity Drugs” for more information https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/fat-science/id1715377331?i=1000762362056NOTABLE QUOTE"If only they didn't fall into that diet cycle, some of them, their weight would be a hundred pounds less. Yes, it might be still elevated, but a large chunk of that weight was caused by the diet cycle itself." — Dr. Emily CooperLinks & ResourcesPodcast Home: fatsciencepodcast.comCooper Center for Metabolism: coopermetabolic.comResources from Dr. Cooper: coopermetabolic.com/resourcesJoin Our Community: patreon.com/cw/FatSciencePodcastSubmit Your Question: questions@fatsciencepodcast.com or dr.c@fatsciencepodcast.comFat Science is supported by the Diabesity Institute, a nonprofit dedicated to increasing access to effective, science-based metabolic care.Disclaimer: This podcast is for informational purposes only and is not intended as medical advice. Please consult with a qualified healthcare provider for personalized recommendations.
The Final Years and the Rock of Sydney ChaplinChaplin's final project, A Countess from Hong Kong, suffered from a mechanical performance by Marlon Brando, who clashed with Chaplin's physical, hands-on directing style. The film's dated 1930s-style romance failed to resonate with the 1960s audience that was embracing movies like The Graduate. Throughout his long life and final years in Switzerland, Chaplin relied on his older brother Sydney as his "rock" and protector. Despite Sydney's own colorful and irresponsible personal life, he remained the one constant figure who had cared for Charlie since their childhood in the workhouse, providing essential stability through decades of professional and political turmoil. Guest: Scott Eyman. (8/8)1900 LA
Hey, Beyond Sunday listeners! Join us this week as we discuss Jesus' instructions for prayer. You may know the Lord's prayer by heart—but have you pondered what it means? How can we ensure that our prayers are not mechanical but thoughtful? Tune in today to hear more! We are using John Stott's The Message of the Sermon on the Mount to guide our conversation this season — click here to purchase a copy of your own: https://bit.ly/4bzYgZI
In this episode of the Guns Podcast US, hosts Brent Wheat and Roy Huntington dive deep into the highly debated topic of staging firearms for home defense. Is it better to carry a concealed weapon on your person at all times, or should you strategically hide firearms throughout your house for quick access? The duo explores the practicalities, tactical considerations, and common pitfalls of keeping staged guns in living rooms, bedrooms, and even vehicles. Drawing from their extensive law enforcement experience, Brent and Roy share real-world stories about the hidden dangers of complex lock boxes, the truth about keeping a gun in your car, and why building muscle memory through training is critical when seconds count. They also discuss clever staging methods, such as utilizing gun magnets and concealment furniture, while cautioning against unsafe practices like stashing firearms deep inside couch cushions. Whether you rely on a bedside lock box, a concealed garage gun, or even a non-lethal impact weapon like a baseball bat, this episode is packed with essential insights to help you build a layered and effective home defense strategy. Tune in to learn how to prepare your home and your mindset for the unexpected. Key Takeaways · If you are more than a second or two away from your firearm during a home invasion, it is likely too far away. · Carrying a firearm on your person while at home is often more effective and reliable than staging multiple guns around the house. · Always maintain standardization in how and where you stage your weapons to avoid mental freeze during a high-stress scenario. · Avoid stashing guns in couches or under pillows, as they tend to migrate out of position and collect function-inhibiting debris. · Mechanical lock boxes are generally more reliable than electronic ones, but both require extensive practice to open under extreme stress. · Storing guns in vehicles overnight or in plain view invites theft; always secure or remove firearms when parking your car outside. · Alternative defense tools, like baseball bats or heavy garage tools, can serve as excellent deterrents and secondary options when a firearm is not accessible. Gear Featured in This Episode Looking for the storage and safety solutions mentioned in the video? Check out the links below: • SOFhold Magnets – Magnetic mounting solutions for quick-access storage. https://SOFhold.com • Streamlight SpeedLocker – Secure, portable power-free storage. https://Streamlight.com • Skinner Garment Bag – The ultimate low-profile transport system. https://SkinnersSights.com --- Have a topic idea or a guest you'd like to see in a future episode? Let us know in the comments or email editor@gunspodcast.us Never miss an episode! Subscribe to our YouTube channel or sign up for our newsletter to get the Guns Podcast delivered straight to your inbox each week. Buy our Merch! Visit Gunspodcast.us
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