Podcasts about Menger

On this episode, Erwin Dekker chats with Director Tomasz Agencki on the making of "Notes on the Margin" (2024), a full length documentary on the life and legacy of Carl Menger, founder of Austrian economics. Despite limited archival material and conflicting accounts, Agencki crafts a visually rich story highlighting Menger's intellectual journey and reformist spirit.Tomasz Agencki is a freedom-focused movie maker who travels around the world to cooperate with like-minded creators. Agencki has over 15 years of experience in film and tv production, directs and films many of his own documentaries, and is a professional audiobook voice artist. Watch Agencki's “How Sweden Quit Smoking” (2024) or find his other works here.If you like the show, please subscribe, leave a 5-star review, and tell others about the show! We're available on Apple Podcasts, Spotify, Amazon Music, and wherever you get your podcasts.Virtual Sentiments, a podcast series from the Hayek Program, is streaming. Subscribe today and listen to season three, releasing now!Follow the Hayek Program on Twitter: @HayekProgramLearn more about Academic & Student ProgramsFollow the Mercatus Center on Twitter: @mercatusCC Music: Twisterium

Folge 254 | Interview mit Peter und Deborah Menger: Über Medizin, Musik, Mission und Musicals (Teil 1)

Sign up for Alex's course here: https://www.patreon.com/courseswithalex/shop/introduction-to-political-economy-3-20-1424227?utm_campaign=productshare_fan "Political Economy" is precisely what the name implies: a unity between political and economic policy. It is the father of modern economics, joined with the mother (cousin?) of history and political science. As the scientific study of economics emerged, it was integrally tied to political incentives and, by extension, questions of morality. We will explore the foundational texts of modern political economy from Adam Smith, Ricardo, Marx, Menger, Marshall, Keynes, and more. This course is highly recommended before exploring Karl Marx's Capital. Check out our new bi-weekly series, "The Crisis Papers" here: https://www.patreon.com/bitterlakepresents/shop Thank you guys again for taking the time to check this out. We appreciate each and everyone of you. If you have the means, and you feel so inclined, BECOME A PATRON! We're creating patron only programing, you'll get bonus content from many of the episodes, and you get MERCH! Become a patron now https://www.patreon.com/join/BitterLakePresents? Please also like, subscribe, and follow us on these platforms as well, (specially YouTube!) THANKS Y'ALL YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCG9WtLyoP9QU8sxuIfxk3eg Twitch: www.twitch.tv/thisisrevolutionpodcast ​ Twitter: @TIRShowOakland Instagram: @thisisrevolutionoakland Read Jason Myles in Sublation Magazine https://www.sublationmag.com/writers/jason-myles Read Jason Myles in Damage Magazine https://damagemag.com/2023/11/07/the-man-who-sold-the-world/ Read Jason in Unaligned here: https://substack.com/home/post/p-161586946?utm_campaign=post&utm_medium=web

¿Qué es el principio de imputación de Menger y por qué resulta relevante para Argentina?

In this episode, we dive into bitcoin's impact on the future global monetary order with Natalie Smolenski, an anthropologist and bitcoiner. We discuss her thoughts on how bitcoin challenges the state's monopoly on currency, invoking Karl Marx's unexpected agreement that gold, a commodity, originally embodied money—not the state-minted currencies. Natalie explains her fascination with the concept of the invaluable—elements of culture and society that transcend monetary value—and how bitcoin fits in today's culture. We also tackle bitcoin's role as a deflationary currency in contrast to fiat's inflationary tendencies, highlighting its potential to redefine economic and social hierarchies. Join us as we explore bitcoin's potential to reshape not just economies but cultural identities.SUPPORT THE PODCAST:→ Subscribe→ Leave a review→ Share the show with your friends and family→ Send us an email podcast@unchained.com→ Learn more about Unchained: https://unchained.com/?utm_source=youtube&utm_medium=video&utm_campaign=TBF-podcast-description→ Book a free call with a bitcoin expert: https://unchained.com/consultation?utm_source=youtube&utm_medium=video&utm_campaign=TBF-podcast-description→ Buy bitcoin in an IRA—sign up today and get your first year free: unchained.com/frontier→ Meet Natalie in Austin on April 16th: https://www.meetup.com/bitcoin-park-austin/events/306342336/TIMESTAMPS:00:00 - Intro01:12 - Natalie's journey into bitcoin02:19 - Anthropology and the concept of value06:06 - Modern monetary theory and social power10:09 - Central banking and national economic performance15:12 - The challenge of physical currencies and the role of central banks20:27 - Money as the most salable good: Carl Menger's insights26:17 - Debunking the myth: Bitcoin and collective hallucination30:01 - Bitcoin as a protocol for new societal frameworks34:10 - Bitcoin's potential impact on societal structures38:23 - The state's interest in bitcoin and potential risks42:27 - Legal challenges and the future of bitcoin ownership45:24 - The future of privacy, property, and political action in the bitcoin eraWHERE TO FOLLOW US:→ Unchained Twitter: https://twitter.com/unchainedcom→ Unchained Linkedin: https://www.linkedin.com/company/unchainedcom → Unchained Newsletter: https://unchained.com/newsletter → Joe Burnett's Twitter: https://twitter.com/IIICapital→ Jose Burgos (Director of Media Production) on Twitter: https://x.com/DeFBeD→ Natalie Smolenski's Twitter: https://x.com/NSmolenski

Jonathan Newman joins Bob to discuss the debate between Austrians and MMTers on the origins of money. In the Anti-MMT panel at the Austrian Economics Research Conference (AERC), Jonathan presented his research on the archeological evidence that silver was used as money in ancient Mesopotamia and how the evidence vindicates Menger's theory on the origins of money. Jonathan and Bob walk through various MMT responses and make the case that the Austrian school is especially suited to critique Modern Monetary Theory.The Anti-MMT Panel from the 2025 AERC: Mises.org/HAP494aElon Musk and Ted Cruz Discussing "Magic Money Computers": Mises.org/HAP494bJonathan's Overwhelming Evidence that Silver was Money in Ancient Mesopotamia: Mises.org/HAP494cThe X Thread by Patricia Pino on the Measure of Value of Money: Mises.org/HAP494dBob's "Origin of the Specie" in The American Conservative: Mises.org/HAP494eR.A Radford's "The Economic Organization of a P.O.W. Camp": Mises.org/HAP494fThe Mises Institute is giving away 100,000 copies of Murray Rothbard's, What Has Government Done to Our Money? Get your free copy at Mises.org/HAPodFreeJoin the Mises Institute on April 26 in Phoenix, Arizona, as we expose the danger and waste of bureaucracy: Mises.org/Phoenix25

Jonathan Newman joins Bob to discuss the debate between Austrians and MMTers on the origins of money. In the Anti-MMT panel at the Austrian Economics Research Conference (AERC), Jonathan presented his research on the archeological evidence that silver was used as money in ancient Mesopotamia and how the evidence vindicates Menger's theory on the origins of money. Jonathan and Bob walk through various MMT responses and make the case that the Austrian school is especially suited to critique Modern Monetary Theory.The Anti-MMT Panel from the 2025 AERC: Mises.org/HAP494aElon Musk and Ted Cruz Discussing "Magic Money Computers": Mises.org/HAP494bJonathan's Overwhelming Evidence that Silver was Money in Ancient Mesopotamia: Mises.org/HAP494cThe X Thread by Patricia Pino on the Measure of Value of Money: Mises.org/HAP494dBob's "Origin of the Specie" in The American Conservative: Mises.org/HAP494eR.A Radford's "The Economic Organization of a P.O.W. Camp": Mises.org/HAP494fThe Mises Institute is giving away 100,000 copies of Murray Rothbard's, What Has Government Done to Our Money? Get your free copy at Mises.org/HAPodFreeJoin the Mises Institute on April 26 in Phoenix, Arizona, as we expose the danger and waste of bureaucracy: Mises.org/Phoenix25

Jana Menger je koreografinja in režiserka, plesalka in performerka, gledališka ustvarjalka ter predavateljica na Akademiji za ples. Njen opus obsega več kot 70 plesnih in dramskih predstav. Prejšnji teden je na Malo sceno Mestnega gledališča ljubljanskega postavila prvo slovensko uprizoritev drame James Brown je uporabljal navijalke, popularne francoske avtorice Yasmine Reza. Ko pristopim gledališču, pravi, je gib moj domicil. Njena zgodba s plesom se je začela že v rani mladosti pri gimnastiki.

In recent years, Bitcoin has undergone a major culture shift which promotes stagnation, complacency & simping to politicians over maximizing the utility of the money. Eric Voskuil & John Carvalho join the show to remind everyone what the mission really is. State of Bitcoin - [00:01:17] Bitcoin Maximalism - [00:01:32] Bitcoin as a Ponzi Scheme - [00:02:27] Transaction Fees - [00:04:57] History of Bitcoin Tokens (Omni, Counterparty, Mastercoin) Definition of Tokens - [00:08:01] Custodial Problems with Tokens - [00:09:12] Bitcoin and Fiat Money - [00:11:09] Why Bitcoiners Talk About Money - [00:15:49] Stateless Money - [00:17:44] Austrian Economics and Bitcoin - [00:21:01] Monetary Inflation vs. Price Inflation - [00:26:01] Cantillon Effect - [00:29:00] Dollar Inflation and Gold - [00:33:59] Misunderstandings in the Bitcoin Community - [00:41:42] Bitcoin Semantics - [00:43:21] Bitcoin Divisibility - [01:00:13] Bitcoin Deflation - [01:03:41] Maxi Price and One Coin Assumption - [01:07:43] Competition Between Monies - [01:13:42] Scaling Bitcoin - [01:22:41] Bitcoin for the Unbanked - [01:26:14] Maximizing Throughput - [01:36:11] Right to Fork - [01:45:45] Running Old Bitcoin Versions - [01:51:35] Bitcoin as Money vs. Credit - [01:56:26] Settlement in Bitcoin - [02:07:45] Peer-to-Peer Credit Systems - [02:14:47] Fractional Reserve Banking - [02:26:32] Bitkit Wallet and Spending vs. Saving - [02:36:13] Block size increases and Bitcoin adoption - [03:00:00] Scaling Bitcoin and transaction validation - [03:01:00] Bitcoin overflowing into Litecoin and quantum resistance - [03:02:00] Pruning historical data and exchange price - [03:03:00] Lightning system complexity and Bitcoin's value proposition - [03:05:00] Bitcoin as an investment and speculation - [03:07:00] Optimizing Bitcoin throughput and developer motivations - [03:09:00] Scaling Bitcoin and speculation - [03:11:00] Shitcoins, scams, and Bitcoin's security model - [03:13:00] Litecoin's extension blocks and Mimblewimble - [03:15:00] Bitcoin's security and the legitimacy of altcoins - [03:17:00] Shitcoins and Bitcoin's essential aspects - [03:19:00] Majority hash power censorship and attacks - [03:21:00] Bitcoin speculation and market dynamics - [03:23:00] Michael Saylor's Bitcoin strategy and MicroStrategy's history - [03:26:00] Saylor's Bitcoin investment and market manipulation - [03:29:00] Saylor's stock sales and Bitcoin's future - [03:31:00] Blockstream's accomplishments and the Chia project - [03:33:00] Blockstream's influence and SegWit - [03:35:00] Adam Back's influence and Blockstream's hype - [03:37:00] Bitcoin Core's power and the need for competition - [03:39:00] Initial block download performance and Bitcoin Core's architecture - [03:41:00] UTXO store and Bitcoin Core's performance - [03:43:00] Parallelism in Bitcoin Core and assumed UTXO - [03:45:00] Initial block download time and Bitcoin Core's scalability - [03:47:00] Monoculture in Bitcoin development and IBD performance - [03:49:00] UTXO cache and shutdown time - [03:51:00] Trust assumptions in Bitcoin Core and UTXO commitments - [03:53:00] Bitcoin Core's halting problem and theoretical download limits - [03:55:00] Sponsorships: Sideshift, LayerTwo Labs, Ciurea - [03:57:00] Drivechains and ZK rollups - [04:02:00] ZK rollups and liquidity on Ethereum - [04:04:00] Drivechains and altcoins - [04:06:00] Scaling Bitcoin and cultural taboos - [04:08:00] Engineer-driven change and Monero's approach - [04:10:00] Confidential transactionsL Zano & DarkFi - [04:12:00] Fungibility and Bitcoin's metadata - [04:14:00] Privacy, metadata, and state surveillance - [04:16:00] Privacy, taint, and Bitcoin mixing - [04:18:00] Bitcoin mixing and plausible deniability - [04:20:00] Mining and company registration - [04:22:00] Block reward and hash power - [04:24:00] Privacy and mixing - [04:26:00] Privacy in the Bitcoin whitepaper and zero-knowledge proofs - [04:28:00] Dark Wallet and John Dillon - [04:30:00] Dark Wallet and Li Bitcoin - [04:32:00] Amir Taaki's projects and software development - [04:34:00] Dark Wallet funding and developer costs - [04:36:00] Libbitcoin's code size and developer salaries - [04:38:00] John Dillon and Greg Maxwell - [04:40:00] Opportunistic encryption and BIPs 151/152 - [04:42:00] Dandelion and privacy - [04:44:00] BIP 37 and Bloom filters - [04:46:00] Consensus cleanup and the Time Warp bug - [04:48:00] Merkle tree malleability and 64-byte transactions - [04:50:00] 64-byte transactions and SPV wallets - [04:52:00] Coinbase transactions and malleability - [04:54:00] Invalid block hashes and DoS vectors - [04:56:00] Core bug and ban list overflow - [04:58:00] Storing hashes of invalid blocks - [05:00:00] DoS vectors and invalid blocks - [05:02:00] Malleated Merkle trees and 64-byte transactions - [05:04:00] 64-byte transactions and Merkle tree malleability - [05:06:00] Null points and malleated blocks - [05:08:00] Redundant checks and the inflation soft fork - [05:10:00] Op code separator and code complexity - [05:12:00] Transaction order in a block - [05:14:00] Forward references in blocks - [05:16:00] Coinbase transaction rules - [05:18:00] Time Warp bug and Litecoin support - [05:20:00] Quadratic op roll bug - [05:22:00] Stack implementation and op roll - [05:24:00] Templatized stack and op roll optimization - [05:26:00] Non-standard transactions and direct submission to miners - [05:28:00] Mempool policy and DoS - [05:30:00] Monoculture and competing implementations - [05:32:00] Consensus cleanup and Berkeley DB - [05:34:00] Code vs. consensus - [05:36:00] Bitcoin Knots and Luke-jr - [05:38:00] 300 kilobyte node and Luke-jr's views - [05:40:00] Bitcoin Knots and performance - [05:42:00] Bitcoin Knots and censorship - [05:44:00] Censorship and miner incentives - [05:46:00] Censorship and hash power - [05:48:00] Soft forks and censorship - [05:50:00] Ordinals and covenants - [05:52:00] RBF and zero-confirmation transactions - [05:54:00] Double spending and merchant risk - [05:56:00] First-seen mempool policy and RBF - [05:58:00] Low-value transactions and RBF - [06:00:00] Computational cost of actions - [06:00:15] Building infrastructure and system disruption - [06:00:20] Threat actors and economic disruption - [06:00:26] Double spending detection and system control - [06:00:29] Safety and manageability of zero comp transactions - [06:00:41] Security of zero comp transactions - [06:00:51] RBF (Replace-by-fee) and its relevance - [06:01:06] Bitcoin's mempool and transaction handling - [06:01:25] Mempool overflow and resource management - [06:02:08] Transaction storage and mining - [06:02:45] Miners' incentives and fee maximization - [06:03:07] Mempool policy and DOS protection - [06:03:41] Transaction validation and block context - [06:04:11] Fee limits and DOS protection - [06:05:13] Transaction sets, graph processing, and fee maximization - [06:06:24] Mining empty blocks and hash rate - [06:07:34] Replace-by-fee (RBF) and its purpose - [06:08:07] Infrastructure and RBF - [06:09:14] Transaction pool and conflict resolution - [06:09:44] Disk space, fees, and DOS protection - [06:11:06] Fee rates and DOS protection - [06:12:22] Opt-in RBF and mempool full RBF - [06:13:45] Intent flagging in transactions - [06:14:45] Miners obeying user intent and system value - [06:17:06] Socialized gain and individual expense - [06:18:17] Service reliability and profitability - [06:19:06] First-seen mempool policy - [06:19:37] Mempool policy and implementation - [06:20:06] User perspective on transaction priority - [06:21:14] Mempool conflicts and double spending - [06:22:10] CPFP (Child Pays for Parent) - [06:22:24] Mempool management and fee rates - [06:24:30] Mempool complexity and Peter Wuille's work - [06:25:54] Memory and disk resource management - [06:27:37] First-seen policy and miner profitability - [06:29:25] Miners' preference for first-seen - [06:30:04] Computational cost and fee optimization - [06:31:10] Security, Cypherpunk mentality, and the state - [06:35:25] Bitcoin's security model and censorship resistance - [06:41:02] State censorship and fee increases - [06:43:00] State's incentive to censor - [06:46:15] Lightning Network and regulation - [06:48:41] NGU (Number Go Up) and deference to the state - [06:51:10] Reasons for discussing Bitcoin's security model - [06:53:25] Bitcoin's potential subversion and resilience - [06:55:50] Lightning Network subsidies and scaling - [06:57:36] Mining protocols and security - [07:02:02] Braidpool and centralized mining - [07:04:44] Compact blocks and latency reduction - [07:07:23] Orphan rates and mining centralization - [07:08:16] Privacy and threat environments - [07:08:40] Social graphs, reputation, and identity - [07:10:23] Social scalability and Bitcoin - [07:12:36] Individual empowerment and anonymity - [07:16:48] Trust in society and the role of the state - [07:18:01] Payment methods and trust - [07:20:15] Credit reporting agencies and regulation - [07:22:17] Hardware wallets and self-custody - [07:23:46] Security vulnerabilities in Ledger - [07:27:14] Disclosure of secrets on Ledger devices - [07:36:27] Compromised machines and hardware wallets - [07:42:00] Methods for transferring signed transactions - [07:48:25] Threat scenarios and hardware wallet security - [07:50:47] Hardware wallet usage and personal comfort - [07:56:40] Coldcard wallets and user experience - [08:02:23] Security issues in the VX project - [08:03:25] Seed generation and hardware randomness - [08:12:05] Mastering Bitcoin and random number generation - [08:17:41]

An hirem neie Kuerzfilm "Jill Crovisier. A la recherche du corps perdu", zeechent d'Marie-Laure Rolland de Portrait vun der Lëtzebuerger Dänzerin a Choreographin.

​Rekordowe odsłony dokumentu o szwedzkim nie-zamordyźmie. Skrót wydarzeń z agentowego uniwersum, nowe dokumenty, audiobooki, odcinki #antidiotum. Skąd to się wszystko wzięło, skoro Agenckiego nie było?- Premiera dokumentu "Notatki Na Marginesie"- Premiera dokumentu "How Sweden Quit Smoking"- Nowy audiobook "Uliczny Ekonomista"- Nowe odcinki Antidiotum- Rozmowy z argentyńskimi AtlasamiPodziękowanie za wsparcie, bez którego te i inne produkcje nie zostały by nawet rozpoczęte!

Die desaströse Heimniederlage war wohl der Tropfen, der das Fass zum Überlaufen gebracht hat. Bei den Fans von Hertha BSC ist die Stimmung jedenfalls gekippt. In Summe waren die Darbietungen der Hinrunde einfach zu dürftig. Christian (Erkrath) und Brehmchen (Hessen) über alte Schwächen, eine neue Trainerdiskussion, individuelle Fehler, schwache Standards, ein Trainerstab in der Kritik (Ebert, Menger, Kuchno) und nahezu leblose Spieler nach Rückschlägen. Was auch immer noch in Hannover passieren wird, die Hinrunde war eine herbe Enttäuschung. 78 Minuten Hertha für die Ohren. Kapitelmarken 00:00:00 Intro 00:04:43 Welche Saisonziele? 00:12:52 Trainer Fiel 00:33:18 Benny Weber und Patrick Ebert 00:57:30 Hertha BSC - Preußen Münster = 1:2

Der Hörspiel-Podcast mit Sabrina Runge und Pascal Wöhler. "Folge 074: Ivar Leon Menger - Als das Böse kam" Creative Commons-Lizenz (CC BY-NC-ND) Wie immer gilt, Einspieler anderer Personen geben die Meinung der Verfasser wieder, aber nicht zwingend die Meinung des WHDS-Teams. Hintergrundmusik: Musik: Infos - https://pixabay.com/de/music/moderne-klassische-when-dragons-die-214117/ Klappentext - https://freesound.org/people/PatrickLieberkind/sounds/216669/ https://pixabay.com/de/music/klassisches-klavier-passacaglia-classical-piano-music-241536/ 7 Regeln - https://pixabay.com/de/music/solo-klavier-horror-dark-spooky-piano-251474/ Jingle Bells - https://pixabay.com/de/music/weihnachten-jingle-bells-christmas-holidays-celebration-background-intro-theme-265841/ Trennungs Song - https://pixabay.com/de/music/umgebungs-super-deep-grief-13151/ Sounds: Kamera - https://pixabay.com/de/sound-effects/camera-13695/ Peitsche - https://pixabay.com/de/sound-effects/whip-2-242215/ Schrei - https://pixabay.com/de/sound-effects/the-funny-cry-of-a-man-122084/ Vogelgezwitscher - https://pixabay.com/de/sound-effects/birdsong-springenglish-countryside-33613/

Ever feel like you've tried it all, but the fat just won't budge? You're not alone. Today, Coach Keith and I dive into why fat loss can be so challenging and share practical tips to make the journey easier. ► Join our FREE MOV30 Challenge! ► https://www.skool.com/30daysofmurph/about► I'd love guidance from a Trainer► https://www.nvfitt.com/gethealthy► Follow IG: @roycelaguerta ► https://www.instagram.com/roycelaguerta/► Subscribe to Podcast ►https://feeds.buzzsprout.com/862429.rss

Die Themen: Getrackte Joggingrunden von Politiker:innen; Stefan Raab kehrt zum ESC zurück; Wann kommt das Aus der Ampel?; Die Dornen an der Brombeerkoalition; Reaktionen auf die Hinrichtung von Jamshid Sharmahd; Philip Morris will Produktion in Deutschland beenden; Diskussionen um den Ballon d'Or; Keine Halloween-Partys in China; Familienverstrickungen im Fremdgeh-Auto und Halloween vs. Allerheiligen Du möchtest mehr über unsere Werbepartner erfahren? Hier findest du alle Infos & Rabatte: https://linktr.ee/ApokalypseundFilterkaffee

In another crossover episode with Adam Haman, Bob fields questions--both novice and expert level--on money, through the lens of the Austrian School. They cover the regression theorem, the status of Bitcoin, and the proposal for a trillion dollar platinum coin.Mentioned in the Episode and Other Links of Interest:The YouTube version of this interview.Murphy explanation of Mises' regression theorem.Murphy and Barta pamphlet on Bitcoin.Murphy article on Graeber's critique of Menger.Haman NatureDetails for the 2024 ExPat Money Summit.Help support the Bob Murphy Show.

durée : 00:59:01 - Entendez-vous l'éco ? - par : Aliette Hovine, Bruno Baradat - Le sociologue Pierre-Michel Menger fait partie des grands noms de la recherche française en sciences sociales. Fondées sur une approche pluridisciplinaire, ses recherches se concentrent sur un objet d'étude particulier, jusqu'ici peu étudié en sociologie : l'art et le travail dit “créateur” - réalisation : Françoise Le Floch - invités : Pierre-Michel Menger Sociologue, titulaire de la chaire Sociologie du travail créateur au Collège de France

The mess you're in is the message you're meant to deliver. Your struggles aren't just setbacks—they're the blueprint for the strength and wisdom you're destined to share. Keith, who lost over 120 lbs after hitting rock bottom, turned his life around and now shares the powerful lessons he learned along the way. In this episode, we dive deep into the lows, the triumphs, and everything in between, as Keith reveals how he reclaimed his health and life.⭐️ JOIN OUR FREE ONLINE COHORT ⭐️  Join the Mov30 Challenge—a free 30-day program offering expert guidance in fitness, nutrition, and a supportive community. Whether you're aiming to lose 10-20 lbs or seeking a new challenge, our next cohort is the perfect way to kickstart your journey to better health!

Bob goes solo to explain the contributions of Carl Menger and Ludwig von Mises to monetary theory. He then deals with the critique of David Graeber, who argues that the economists' story of the origin of money is bogus.Bob's Article, "Origin of the Specie": Mises.org/HAP464aR. A. Radford, "The Economic Organisation of a P.O.W": Mises.org/HAP464bBob's Book, Understanding Money Mechanics: Mises.org/HAP464cGet your ticket to Living Free in an Unfree World in Albuquerque, New Mexico: Mises.org/NM24

Bob goes solo to explain the contributions of Carl Menger and Ludwig von Mises to monetary theory. He then deals with the critique of David Graeber, who argues that the economists' story of the origin of money is bogus.Bob's Article, "Origin of the Specie": Mises.org/HAP464aR. A. Radford, "The Economic Organisation of a P.O.W": Mises.org/HAP464bBob's Book, Understanding Money Mechanics: Mises.org/HAP464cGet your ticket to Living Free in an Unfree World in Albuquerque, New Mexico: Mises.org/NM24

Staffel 2 Folge 23 "Von blutdürstigen Bestien, erotischen Saxofonspielern, den 80er Jahren und… Vampiren… mal wieder…" Hosts: ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Philip Bösand⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠ ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Thomas Plum⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠  Gast: Ivar Leon Menger (Homepage: https://ivarleonmenger.de/)   ⁠Ivar Leon Menger⁠ (Homepage: https://ivarleonmenger.de/) Intro: Lisa Cardinale⁠⁠ Musikalische Untermalung: Peter Koeller und Kevin McLeod   Links: Kurzfilm: "Tramper" von Ivar Leon Menger⁠ ⁠Kurzfilm: "Geteiltes Leid" von Ivar Leon Menger Video: Erster Versuch eines Filmpodcasts von Ivar und Thomas Video: Comedy-Compilation of the sexy Sax-Man Song: „Cry Little Sister“ von Gerard McMann Song: „Hold on to Ya Soul“ von Krayzie Bone Webpage: Der echte Comicladen „Fantasyworld“ aus dem Film (Auch auf Instagram) Musikvideo: „Coffee & TV“ von Blur Musikvideo: „Dancing with myself“ von Billy Idol Musikvideo: „People are Strange“ von Echo & The Bunnymen   Weitere Empfehlungen zum Thema 80er: Hörspiel: „Monster 1983 Staffel 1“ von Ivar Leon Menger (mit Anette Strohmeyer & Raimon Weber) Hörspiel: „Monster 1983 Staffel 2“ von Ivar Leon Menger (mit Anette Strohmeyer & Raimon Weber) Hörspiel: „Monster 1983 Staffel 3“ von Ivar Leon Menger (mit Anette Strohmeyer & Raimon Weber) Hörspiel: „Die Caves und der Klang des Todes (Teil 1 von 2)“ von DreamLand Grusel (Autor: Thomas Plum) Hörspiel: „Die Caves und ein tödlicher Feind (Teil 2 von 2)“ von DreamLand Grusel (Autor: Thomas Plum) Buch: „Finster“ von Ivar Leon Menger Buch: „Hard Land“ von Bendedict Wells   Zum Gewinnspiel: Meldet Euch (leider ausschließlich) über Instagram, folgt unseren Podcast (https://www.instagram.com/nein.doch.oh.filmpodcast/) und natürlich Ivar Leon Menger (https://www.instagram.com/ivarleonmenger/) und beantwortet diese Frage: „Wie alt war Ivar Leon Menger, als er zum ersten Mal „The Lost Boys“ gesehen hat?" Verlinkt in Eurer Antwort die Freundin oder den Freund, welche/r das zweite Exemplar erhalten soll. Einsendeschluss: Mittwoch, der 04.09.24 um 20 Uhr. Die Gewinner werden am 06.09.24 live auf Instagram gezogen. Viel Glück, Ihr lieben NDOs.   Kontakt: Lobhudelei, keine Kritik oder Filmvorschläge könnt Ihr uns hier hinterlassen: - Instagram: ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠https://www.instagram.com/nein.doch.oh.filmpodcast⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠ - Facebook: ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠https://www.facebook.com/nein.doch.oh.filmpodcast⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠ - E-Mail:  ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠neindochohpodcast@gmail.com⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠ - Thomas Plum - Autor:  ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠https://https://linktr.ee/thomasplum⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠  - Philip Bösand - Sprecher: ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠https://www.instagram.com/philip.boesand⁠⁠⁠⁠

Ein absolutes Jahreshighlight! Ivar Leon Menger ist der Meister der detaillierten und geheimnisvollen Charaktere, der falschen Fährten und der ineinander greifenden Handlungsstränge!Im Jahr 1986 verschwindet in Katzenbrunn ein 13jähriger Junge. Wieder einmal, denn der „Greifer“ scheint sich ein neues Opfer geholt zu haben. Hans J. Stahl, eigentlich schon außer Dienst stehender Kriminalkommissar, lässt der Fall … „2350: Ivar Leon Menger – Finster“ weiterlesen

"Menger developed the whole system of economics, and he showed that it was based on subjective value and individual choice based on the principle of marginal utility. He was a creative genius." Recorded at the Mises Institute in Auburn, Alabama, on July 29, 2024.Mises University is the world's leading instructional program in the Austrian School of economics, and is the essential training ground for economists who are looking beyond the mainstream.

María Blanco González es una académica y economista española, especializada en Historia del Pensamiento Económico, Historia Económica, Teoría económica, Historia de los modelos empresariales y Políticas públicas. Obtuvo su doctorado en Economía por la Universidad Complutense de Madrid. Es profesora en la Universidad CEU-San Pablo desde 1996. También fue profesora del Máster en Economía de la Escuela Austriaca en la Universidad Rey Juan Carlos durante casi 7 años.En esta apasionante charla debatimos diversos temas clave de economía e inversión desde la perspectiva de la Escuela Austriaca: procesos dinámicos evolutivos frente a enfoques estáticos, la importancia de los precios como fuente de información, el papel clave del tiempo en las decisiones empresariales y los efectos de las políticas monetarias expansivas. También analizamos la teoría del capital, la subjetividad del valor, y cómo los sesgos humanos y la incertidumbre influyen en la economía y las inversiones.Apoya este podcast visitando a los patrocinadores:Interactive Brokers: Un broker con acceso a mercados de todo el mundo.Indexa Capital: Ahorra comisiones dándote de alta con mi código.EVO Cuenta Inteligente Indice de temas comentados0:00:00 Teaser0:01:01 Descubrimiento de la Escuela Austriaca de Economía0:02:41 Tesis doctoral0:06:33 Cómo Paramés descubre a la escuela austriaca0:16:21 Carl Menger, el fundador de la escuela0:21:26 Enfoque evolucionista0:22:18 La revolución marginalista de Menger, Jevons y Walras0:23:14 El mercado como un proceso dinámico0:23:20 Controles de precios0:23:28 Precios como información0:37:27 Incertidumbre y tiempo0:39:33 El desastre de los controles de precios0:42:48 Teoría del capital0:48:56 Sesgos humanos basados en la evolución0:57:07 Visión de la familia extendida en China1:01:13 Enfoque mecanicista en economía versus enfoque biológico1:03:00 Keynes y sus inversiones en Bolsa1:06:32 La importancia del error1:07:10 Incentivos1:10:14 La necesidad de control1:12:19 Teoría subjetiva del valor1:14:33 Precios como fuente clave de información1:15:42 Los peligros de agregar1:17:08 Israel Kirzner: el empresario perfecto está alerta a las oportunidades sin explotar1:19:30 Factor X de Javier G. Recuenco1:21:16 Proceso descubrimiento de los precios1:28:09 Bancos Centrales y decisiones por comité1:30:03 Efectos de las políticas monetarias expansivas1:38:47 Del patrón oro al dinero fiat1:48:00 Dinero como institución evolutiva (Menger)1:56:19 Aceleración en la evolución2:02:13 Bitcoin y CBDCs2:02:56 Nuevas aportaciones de la Escuela austriacaMás info con enlaces a los libros y contenidos comentados en:https://www.rankia.com/blog/such/6449487-91-escuela-austriaca-economia-inversion-maria-blanco

Henry Hazlitt Memorial Lecture. Sponsored by Shone and Brae Sadler.Recorded at the Austrian Economics Research Conference, 22 March 2024, in Auburn, Alabama. Includes an introduction by Joseph T. Salerno.Lecture Text: Thank you, Joseph, for your kind introduction and thank you, Shone and Brae Sadler, for your generous sponsorship in making this event possible. It is a pleasure and personal honor to be invited to deliver this Henry Hazlitt Memorial Lecture titled “Ayn Rand and the Austrian Economists” at the Mises Institute's Austrian Economics Research Conference.Henry Hazlitt is one of my favorite writers on economics and ethics. His thoughtful, incisive, and influential writings are marked by his clarity of style and logical analysis. Both Henry Hazlitt and Ayn Rand could really write. Hazlitt's non-fiction books, Economics in One Lesson and Foundations of Morality, along with his novel, Time Will Run Back, complement Ayn Rand's ideas in her books such as The Virtue of Selfishness, Capitalism: The Unknown Ideal, and Atlas Shrugged. In their philosophical, political, and economic views, Hazlitt and Rand largely agree, as they make the same points in different ways with respect to the virtue of the free market as the path to prosperity and happiness. Also, they were friends in their personal lives. In addition, Henry Hazlitt and I had a great friend in common in the late, well-respected and greatly-loved Austrian economist, Bill Peterson.I am excited to be here to give this talk on Carl Menger, Ludwig von Mises, and Murray Rothbard and how their ideas may be complementary to the essential ideas of Ayn Rand's philosophy of Objectivism. Perhaps I will be able to provide some new insights to you. We'll see!Like my recently deceased friend, Sam Bostaph, I have great admiration for the ideas of Carl Menger. I will begin by discussing some of Menger's key ideas and comparing them with those of Ayn Rand. I will then repeat this process with the fundamental ideas of Mises and Rothbard. I will conclude with an overall assessment with respect to the potential compatibility of Austrian economics and Objectivism.Carl Menger (1840-1921) began the modern period of economic thought and provided the foundation for the Austrian School of Economics in his two books, Principles of Economics (1871) and Investigations into the Method of the Social Sciences with Special Reference to Economics (1883). In these books Menger destroyed the existing structure of economic science, including its theory and methodology, and put it on totally new foundations.Menger was a realist who said that we could know the world through both common sense and scientific method. Menger was committed to finding exact laws of economics based on the direct analysis of concrete phenomena that can be observed and characterized with precision. He sought to find the necessary characteristics of economic phenomena and their relationships. He also heralded the advantages of verbal language over mathematical language in that the former can express the essences of economic phenomena, which is something that mathematical language cannot do.Menger viewed exchange as the embodiment of the essential desire and search to satisfy individual human needs. It follows that the intersection between human needs and the availability of goods capable of satisfying those needs is at the root of economic activity. Emphasizing human uncertainty, error, and the time-consuming nature of economic processes, Menger was concerned with the information content of economic choices and the process of acquiring information in order to increase the well-being of economic actors.As this talk will demonstrate, Carl Menger's writings are the closest to Randian doctrines that have ever emanated from any economist. It will follow that we should read and reread his great books and share them with our friends and students.Aristotelian philosophy was at the root of Menger's framework. His biologistic language goes well with his Aristotelian foundations in his philosophy of science and economics. Menger illustrated how Aristotelian induction could be used in economics and he based his epistemology on Aristotelian induction. Menger's Aristotelian inclinations can be observed in his desire to uncover the essence of economic phenomena. He viewed the constituent elements of economic phenomena as immanently ordered and emphasized the primacy of exactitude and universality as preferable epistemological characteristics of theory.Menger's desire was to uncover the real nature or essence of economic phenomena. As an immanent realist, he was interested in essences and laws as manifested in the world. His general and abstract economic theory attempted to unify all true fragments of economic knowledge.Holding that causality underpins economic laws, Menger taught that theoretical science provides the tools for studying phenomena that exhibit regularities. He distinguished between exact types and laws that deal with strictly typical phenomena and empirical-realistic types and laws that deal with truth within a particular spatio-temporal domain. Empirical laws are found by observation and exact laws are found by conceptualization. Menger's exact approach involves deductive-universalistic theory that looks for regularities in the coexistence and succession of phenomena that admits no exceptions and that are strictly ordered. His theoretical economics is concerned with exact laws based on the assumptions of self-interest, full-knowledge, and freedom. Menger's exact theoretical approach involves both isolation and abstraction from disturbing factors.Menger developed a number of fundamental Austrian doctrines such as the causal-genetic approach, methodological individualism, and the connection between time and error. He incorporated purposeful action, uncertainty, the occurrence of errors, the information acquisition process, learning, and time into his economic analysis. As an Aristotelian essentialist and immanent realist, he considered a priori essences as existing in reality. His goal was to discover invariant principles or laws governing economic phenomena and to elaborate exact universal laws. To find strictly ordered exact laws he said that we had to omit principles of individuation such as time and space. This entails isolation of the economic aspect of phenomena and abstraction from disturbing factors such as error, ignorance, and external compulsion. Menger thus argued for an exact orientation of theoretical research whose validity is totally independent of any empirical tests.Both Aristotle and Menger viewed essences, universals, or concepts as metaphysical and had no compelling explanations of the method to be employed in order to abstract the essence from the particulars in which it is indivisibly wedded. For Rand, essences are epistemological and contextual, rather than metaphysical. For her, concepts are the products of a cognitive method whose processes are performed by a human being but whose content is determined by reality.Menger's theory of needs and wants is the link between the natural sciences (particularly biology) and the human sciences. He established this link by describing the final cause of human economic enterprise as an aspect of human nature biologically understood. He analyzed economic activity based on a theory of human action. His theory emphasized individual perception, valuation, deliberation, choice, and action.The foundation of Menger's value theory is a theory of human action that involves a theory of knowledge. He believed that men can understand the workings of the economy. Menger's goal was to establish economic theory on a solid foundation by grounding it on a sound value theory. To do this, he consistently incorporated his methodological individualism into his theory of value.Menger understood that values can be subjective (i.e., personally estimated), but that men should rationally seek objective life-affirming values. He explained that real wants correspond with the objective state of affairs. Menger distinguished between real and imaginary wants and goods depending upon whether or not a person correctly understands a good's objective ability to satisfy a want. Individuals can be wrong about their judgment of value. Menger's emphasis on objective values is consistent with philosophical realism and with a correspondence theory of truth.Menger does trace market exchange back to a man's personal valuations of various economic goods and observes that scales of value are variable from person to person and are subject to change over time. There are certainly “subjectivist” features in Menger's economic analysis that are founded on his methodological individualism which implies that people differ and have a variety of goals, purposes, and tastes. Personal evaluation is therefore inherent in a principled and consistent understanding of methodological individualism.As a supreme advocate of individualist methodology, Menger recognized the primacy of active individual agents who generate all of the phenomena of the social sciences. His methodological individualism is a doctrine that reflects the real structure of society and economy and the centrality of the human agent.Menger's theory of value essentially states that life is the ultimate standard of value. According to Menger, human life is a process in which a person, given his needs and the command of the means to satisfy them, is himself the specific point where human economic life both originates and ends. Menger thus introduced life, value, individual preferences that motivate people, and individual choices into economics. He thus essentially agreed on the same standard of life as the much later Ayn Rand. Value is a contextual judgment made by economizing men. Value is related to the existential state of the individual and the ability of the good in question to change that state in a manner desired by the person.Although Menger speaks of economic value while Rand is concerned with moral value, their ideas are much the same. Both view human life as the ultimate value. The difference is that Menger was concerned with economic values that satisfy a man's needs for food, shelter, healthcare, wealth, production, and so forth. From Rand's perspective, every human value (including economic value) is potentially a moral value that may be important to the ethical standard of a man's life qua man. Their shared biocentric concept of value holds that objective values support a man's life and originate in a relationship between a man and his survival requirements.Both Rand and Menger espouse a kind of contextually-relational objectivism in their theories of value. Value is seen as a relational quality dependent on the subject, the object, and the context or situation involved.Not many Objectivists, or others for that matter, know much about Menger's Austrian Aristotelianism and his commonsense and scientific realism. This is unfortunate. His writings have the potential to provide essential building blocks for a realist construction of economics. Ultimately, they may provide the vehicle for the harmonization and integration of Austrian economics with Objectivism.As we know, the preeminent theory within Austrian economics is the Misesian subjectivist school. Mises maintained that it is by means of its subjectivism that praxeological economics develops into objective science. The praxeologist takes individual values as given and assumes that individuals have different motivations and prefer different things. The same economic phenomena mean different things to different people. In fact, buying and selling take place because people value things differently. The importance of goods is derived from the importance of the values they are intended to achieve. When a person values an object, this simply means that he imputes enough importance to it to be willing to start a chain of causation to change or maintain it, thus making it a thing of value. Misesian economics does not study what is in an object, as does the natural scientist, but rather, studies what is in the subject.Ludwig von Mises (1881-1973), the Austrian philosophical economist, is one of our most passionate, consistent, and intransigent defenders of capitalism. Mises defends the free society and private ownership on the grounds that they are desirable from the perspective of human happiness, freedom, peace, and productivity. He constructed a monumental, overarching, systematic, and comprehensive conceptual framework that elucidated the timeless, immutable laws that guide human behavior. Mises integrated his profound theories of methodology, economics, political science, history, and the social sciences in his 1949 magnum opus, Human Action.There is an important dissemblance within Austrian value theory between Menger and Mises. However, it is possible for Menger's more objective-value-oriented theory to coexist and complement Mises's pure subjectivism which is based on the inscrutability of individual values and preferences. Although Menger agrees with Mises that an individual's chosen values are personal and, therefore subjective and unknowable to the economist, he also contended that a person ought to be rationally pursuing his objective life-affirming values. Menger thus can be viewed as a key link-pin figure between Misesian praxeology and Objectivist ethics.According to Mises, economics is a value-free science of means, rather than of ends, that describes but does not prescribe. However, although the world of praxeological economics, as a science, may be value-free the human world is not value-free. Economics is the science of human action and human actions are inextricably connected with values and ethics. It follows that praxeological economics needs to be situated within the context of a normative framework. Praxeological economics does not conflict with a normative perspective on human life. Economics needs to be connected with a discipline that is concerned with ends such as the end of human flourishing. Praxeological economics can stay value-free if it is recognized that it is morally proper for people to take part in market and other voluntary transactions. Such a value-free science must be combined with an appropriate end.Economics, for Mises, is a value-free tool for objective and critical appraisal. Economic science differentiates between the objective, interpersonally valid conclusions of economic praxeology and the personal value judgments of the economist. Critical appraisal can be objective, value-free, and untainted by bias. It is important for economic science to be value-free and not to be distorted by the value judgments or personal preferences of the economist. The credibility of economic science depends upon an impartial and dispassionate concern for truth. Value-freedom is a methodological device designed to separate and isolate an economist's scientific work from the personal preferences of the given economic researcher. His goal is to maintain neutrality and objectivity with respect to the subjective values of others.Misesian economics focuses on the descriptive aspects of human action by offering reasoning about means and ends. The province of praxeological economics is the logical analysis of the success or failure of selected means to attain chosen ends. Means only have value because, and to the degree that, their ends are valued.The reasons why an individual values what he values and the determination of whether or not his choices and actions are morally good or bad are certainly significant concerns but they are not in the realm of the praxeological economist. The content of moral or ultimate ends is not the domain of the economist qua economist. There is another level of values that value in terms of right preferences. This more objectivist sphere of value defines value in terms of what an individual ought to value.Mises grounds economics upon the action axiom which is the fundamental and universal truth that individual men exist and act by making purposive choices among alternatives. Upon this axiom, Mises deduces the entire systematic structure of economic theory. Mises's advocacy of free markets and his opposition to statism stem from his analysis of the nature and consequences of freely acting individuals compared to the nature of government and the consequences brought about by government intervention.For Mises, economic behavior is a special case of human action. He contends that it is through the analysis of the idea of action that the principles of economics can be deduced. Economic theorems are seen as connected to the foundation of real human purposes. Economics is based on true and evident axioms, arrived at by introspection into the essence of human action. From these axioms, Mises derives the logical implications or truths of economics.Through the use of abstract economic theorizing, Mises recognizes the nature and operation of human purposefulness and entrepreneurial resourcefulness and identifies the systematic tendencies which influence the market process. Mises's insight was that economic reasoning has its basis in the understanding of the action axiom. He says that sound deductions from a priori axioms are apodictically true and cannot be empirically tested. Mises developed, through deductive reasoning, the chains of economic theory based on introspective understanding of what it means to be a rational, purposeful, and acting human being. The method of economics is deductive and its starting point is the concept of action.According to Mises, all of the categories, theorems, or laws of economics are implied in the action axiom. These include, but are not limited to: subjective value, causality, ends, means, preference, cost, profit and loss, opportunities, scarcity, marginal utility, marginal costs, opportunity cost, time preference, originary interest, association, and so on.As an adherent of Kantian epistemology, Mises states that the concept of action is a priori to all experience. Thinking is a mental action. For Mises, a priori means independent of any particular time or place. Denying the possibility of arriving at laws via induction, Mises argues that evidence for the a priori is based on reflective universal inner experience.However, Misesian praxeology could operate within a Randian philosophical structure. The concept of action could be formally and inductively derived from perceptual data. Actions would be seen as performed by entities who act in accordance with their nature. Man's distinctive mode of action involves rationality and free will. Men are thus rational beings with free wills who have the ability to form their own purposes and aims. Human action also assumes an uncoerced human will and limited knowledge. All of the above can be seen as consistent with Misesian praxeology. Once we arrive at the concept of human action, Mises's deductive logical derivations can come into play.Knowledge gained from praxeological economics is both value-free (i.e., value-neutral) and value relevant. Value-free knowledge supplied by economic science is value-relevant when it supplies information for rational discussions, deliberations, and determinations of the morally good. Economics is reconnected with philosophy, especially the branches of metaphysics and ethics, when the discussion is shifted to another sphere. It is fair to say that economic science exists because men have concluded that the objective knowledge provided by praxeological economics is valuable for the pursuit of both a person's subjective and ultimate ends.Advocating the idea of “man's survival qua man” or of a good or flourishing life involves value judgments. To make value judgments, one must accept the existence of a comprehensive natural order and the existence of fundamental absolute principles in the universe. This acceptance in no way conflicts with the Misesian concept of subjective economic value. Natural laws ae discovered, are not arbitrary relationships, but instead are relationships that are already true. A man's human nature, including his attributes of individuality, reason, and free will, is the ultimate source of moral reasoning. Value is meaningless outside the context of man.Praxeological economics and the philosophy of human flourishing are complementary and compatible disciplines. Economics teaches us that social cooperation through the private property system and division of labor enables most individuals to prosper and to pursue their flourishing and happiness. In turn, the worldview of human flourishing informs men how to act. In making their life-affirming ethical and value-based judgments, men can refer to and employ the data of economic science.Mises and Rand were passionate critics of collectivism. Whereas Mises criticized the economic and political functioning of collectivism, Rand attacked the morality of collectivism. They agree that collectivism in the form of people, races, or nations does not exist independently from the individuals who comprise them. In addition, they both dismissed positivism's rejection of the human mind as real and as the tool of knowledge about the world, man, and his actions. They also believed that free-market capitalism is the best possible arrangement for society. Their promotion of rationality, free choice, and subjective (i.e., personally estimated) and objective values (in their respective contexts) make their worldviews compatible. Mises's arguments for capitalism in terms of its utility can be interpreted to be in harmony with Rand's criterion of man's life as the standard of value. There is a great deal in Mises's science of human action that is consistent with Objectivist principles. As stated by Walter Block, on the majority of issues Rand and Mises “are as alike as two peas in a pod”.Murray Rothbard (1926-1995) was a grand system builder. In his monumental Man, Economy, and State (1962), Rothbard continued, embodied, and extended Mises's methodological approach of praxeology to economics. His magnum opus was modeled after Mises's Human Action and, for the most part, was a massive restatement, defense, and development of the Misesian praxeological tradition. Rothbard followed up and complemented Man, Economy, and State with his brilliant The Ethics of Liberty (1982) in which he provided the foundation for his metanormative ethical theory. Exhibiting an architectonic character, these two works form an integrated system of philosophical economics.In a 1971 article in Modern Age Rothbard declares that Mises's work provides us with an economic paradigm grounded in the nature of man and in individual choice. He explains that Mises's paradigm furnishes economics in a systematic, integrated form that can serve as a correct alternative to the crisis situation that modern economics has engendered. According to Rothbard, it is time for us to adopt this paradigm in all of its facets.Rothbard defended Mises's methodology, but went on to construct his own edifice of Austrian economic theory. Although he embraced nearly all of Mises's economics, Rothbard could not accept Mises's Kantian extreme aprioristic position in epistemology. Mises held that the axiom of human action was true a priori to human experience and was, in fact, a synthetic a priori category. Mises considered the action axiom to be a law of thought and thus a categorical truth prior to all human experience.Rothbard agreed that the action axiom is universally true and self-evident, but argued that a person becomes aware of that axiom and its subsidiary axioms through experience in the world. A person begins with concrete human experience and then moves toward reflection. Once a person forms the basic axioms and concepts from his experiences and from his reflections upon those experiences, he does not need to resort to external experience to validate an economic hypothesis. Instead, deductive reasoning from sound basics will validate it.In a 1957 article in the Southern Economic Journal, Rothbard states that it is a waste of time to argue or try to determine how the truth of the action axiom is obtained. He explains that the all-important fact is that the axiom is self-evidently true for all people, at all places, at all times, and that it could not even conceivably be violated. Whether it was a law of thought as Mises maintained, or a law of reality as Rothbard himself contended, the axiom would be no less certain because the axiom need only be stated to become at once self-evident.Both Murray Rothbard and Ayn Rand were concerned with the nature of man and the world, natural law, natural rights, and a rational ethics based on man's nature and discovered through reason. They also agreed that the purpose of political philosophy and ethics is the promotion of productive human life on earth. In addition, both adopted, to a great extent, Lockean natural rights perspectives and arguments that legitimize private property. Additionally, they both disagreed with Mises's epistemological foundations, and on similar grounds.Both Rothbard and Rand endeavored to determine the proper rules for a rational society by using reason to examine the nature of human life and the world by employing logical deductions to ascertain what these natures suggest. They agreed with respect to the volitional nature of rational human consciousness, a man's innate right of self-ownership, and the metanormative necessity of noncoercive mutual consent. Both thus subscribed to the nonaggression principle and to the right of self-defense.Rothbard and Rand did not agree, however, on the nature of (or need for) government. They disagreed with respect to the practical applications of their similar philosophies. Rejecting Rand's idea of a constitutionally-limited representative government, Rothbard believed that their shared doctrines entailed a zero-government or anarcho-capitalist framework based on voluntarism, free exchange, and peace.Rothbard and Rand subscribed to different forms of metanormative libertarian politics—Rothbard to anarcho-capitalism and Rand to a minimal state. Unlike Rand, Rothbard ended his ethics at the metanormative level. Rand, on the other hand, advocated a minimal state form of libertarian politics based on the fuller foundation of Objectivism through which she attempted to supply an objective basis for values and virtues in human existence. Of course, Rothbard did discuss the separate importance of a rational personal morality, stated that he agreed essentially with most of Rand's philosophy, and suggested his inclination toward a Randian ethical framework. The writings of Rothbard, much like those of Menger, have done a great deal toward building a bridge between Austrian economics and Objectivism.Although Misesian economists hold that values are subjective, and Objectivists argue that values are objective, these claims are not incompatible because they are not really claims about the same things. They exist at different levels or spheres of analysis. The methodological value-subjectivity of the Austrians complements the Randian sense of value objectivity. The level of objective values dealing with personal flourishing transcends the level of subjective value preferences. The value-freedom (or value-neutrality) and value-subjectivity of the Austrians have a different function or purpose than does Objectivism's emphasis on objective values. On the one hand, the Austrian emphasis is on the value-neutrality of the economist as a scientific observer of a person acting to obtain his “subjective” (i.e., personally-estimated) values. On the other hand, the philosophy of Objectivism is concerned with values for the acting individual moral agent, himself. There is a distinction between methodological subjectivism and philosophical subjectivism. Whereas Austrians are methodological subjectivists in their economics, this does not imply that they are moral relativists as individuals.Austrian economics is thus an excellent way of looking at “social science methodology” with respect to the appraisal of means but not of ends. Misesian praxeology therefore must be augmented. Its value-free economics is not sufficient to establish a total case for liberty. A systematic, reality-based ethical system must be discovered to firmly establish a total case for liberty. Natural law provides the groundwork for such a theory, and both Objectivism and the Aristotelian idea of human flourishing are based on natural law ideas.Austrian economics and Objectivism agree on the significance of the ideas of human actions and values. The Austrians explain that a person acts when he prefers the way he thinks things will be if he acts compared to the way he thinks things will be if he fails to act. Austrian economics is descriptive and deals with the logical analysis of the ability of selected actions (i.e., means) to achieve certain ends. Whether these ends are truly objectively valuable is not the concern of the praxeological economist when he is acting in his capacity as an economist. There is another realm of values that views value in terms of objective values and correct preferences and actions. Objectivism is concerned with this other sphere and thus studies what human beings ought to value and act to attain.When thinkers from the Austrian school speak of subjective knowledge they simply mean that each person has his own specific and finite context of knowledge that directs his action. In this context, “subjective” merely means “subject-dependent”. Subjectivism for the Austrians does not mean the rejection of reality—it only focuses on the view that consumer tastes are personal.Austrian economists contend that values are subjective and Objectivists maintain that values are objective. These claims can be seen as compatible because they are not claims about the same phenomena. These two senses of value are complementary. The Austrian economist, as a neutral examiner, does not force his own value judgments on the personal values and actions of the human beings that he is studying. Operating from a different perspective, Objectivists maintain that there are objective values that stem from a man's relationship to other existents in the world.At a descriptive level, the economist's idea of demonstrated preferences agrees with Rand's account of value as something that a person acts to gain and/or keep. Of course, Rand moves from an initial descriptive notion of value to a normative perspective on value that includes the idea that a legitimate or objective value serves one's life. The second view of value provides a standard to evaluate the use of one's free will.Praxeological economics and Objectivism are complementary and compatible disciplines. Economics teaches us that social cooperation through the private property system and division of labor enables most individuals to prosper and to pursue their flourishing and happiness. In turn, Objectivism informs men how to act. In making their life-affirming ethical and value-based judgments, men can refer to and employ economic science.Objectivism's Aristotelian perspective on the nature of man and the world and on the need to exercise one's virtues can be viewed as synergic with the economic coordination and praxeology of Austrian economics. Placing the economic realm within the general process of human action, which itself is part of human nature, enables theoretical progress in our search for truth and in the construction of a systematic, logical, and consistent conceptual framework. The Objectivist worldview can provide a context to the economic insights of the Austrian economists.In conclusion, there is much common ground between Rand and the Austrians and much to be gained through the intellectual exchange between Objectivism and Austrian economics. Objectivism can be viewed as an ethical and logical augmentation of Austrian economics and Austrian praxeology can be seen as the ideal means for Objectivists when addressing economic issues. Economics would focus on attempting to discover economic principles but would leave ethical issues to philosophy.

durée : 01:00:09 - Pierre-Michel Menger, sociologue - par : Priscille Lafitte - Professeur au Collège de France, le sociologue Pierre-Michel Menger a longuement étudié les conditions du "travail créatif". Si ses travaux lui imposent une distance scientifique, il laisse ici libre cours à son amour pour la musique... car son objet d'étude est aussi un objet de fascination ! - réalisé par : Claire Lagarde

L'émission 28 Minutes du 29/11/2023 “Le Monde des mathématiques” : comment se façonne le génie des chiffres ? Enfants de professeurs, proches de l'enseignement, élèves de l'ENS et du CNRS : en mathématiques, les treize Français de la médaille Fields font partie du même « mécanisme très puissant de réussite ». Le talent des mathématiciens est-il vraiment inné ? Peut-on établir une analyse genrée des mathématiques ? Sociologue, professeur au Collège de France, Pierre-Michel Menger dresse dans « Le monde des mathématiques », coécrit avec plusieurs chercheurs, un portrait sociologique des prodiges de cette discipline. Si ces derniers brillent à l'international, la discipline est pourtant de plus en plus marquée par une baisse du niveau moyen des élèves au collège, devenant ainsi « un instrument de la reproduction des inégalités » en France. Pierre-Michel Menger est notre invité. Israël-Gaza vu de France : faut-il obligatoirement choisir un camp ? Dans la classe politique, les médias, sur les réseaux sociaux : en France, le conflit entre Israël et le Hamas fracture la société. Dernier clivage en date : samedi 25 novembre, dans le cortège de la manifestation contre les violences faites aux femmes, à Paris. Certains ont reproché à des associations féministes comme « Nous Toutes » de taire ou de minimiser les viols commis par le Hamas, le 7 octobre, en Israël. Derrière cette polarisation, un cas isolé : la marche silencieuse, unitaire, pour la paix et avec le refus de choisir un camp, dimanche 19 novembre, à l'appel de 500 personnalités du monde de la culture. Pourquoi ce conflit interroge-t-il autant nos valeurs et nos idées ? Un regard mesuré sur la guerre est-il impossible ? Nos invités en débattent.  Enfin, retrouvez également les chroniques de Xavier Mauduit et Marie Bonnisseau !  28 Minutes est le magazine d'actualité d'ARTE, présenté par Elisabeth Quin du lundi au jeudi à 20h05. Renaud Dély est aux commandes de l'émission le vendredi et le samedi. Ce podcast est coproduit par KM et ARTE Radio.   Enregistrement : 29 novembre 2023 - Présentation : Elisabeth Quin - Production : KM, ARTE Radio

durée : 01:00:09 - Pierre-Michel Menger, sociologue - par : Priscille Lafitte - Professeur au Collège de France, le sociologue Pierre-Michel Menger a longuement étudié les conditions du "travail créatif". Si ses travaux lui imposent une distance scientifique, il laisse ici libre cours à son amour pour la musique... car son objet d'étude est aussi un objet de fascination ! - réalisé par : Claire Lagarde

Our stay at the historic Menger Hotel in San Antoni, Texas was an incredible experience. In part one we went over the history of the hotel and some of the ghost stories associated with it. On this part we will go over our investigation and what we were able to find. Also, we may have a few unanswered questions we need help with. Listen as we talk about our Estes session and EVP sessions. Thanks again to 1859 Historic Hotels for making this episdoe and investigation possible.All of our links:https://linktr.ee/UnrefinedPodcastUnedited Spiti Box Sessions:Part: https://youtu.be/mYOHi6X9OEE?si=PgGNcu5KtzZlShOGPart 2: https://youtu.be/DP7h8WSuD_U?si=UjC4hf-vNnZRuVUNPart 3: https://youtu.be/vwIX88HvS_w?si=6K5H9wvZNofsaKUh

We got to stay at and investigate one of the most haunted hotels in all of the United States. The Menger in downtown San Antonio, Texas. This hotel has more that 30 spirits who reside in its haunted halls and we tried to figure out which ones we could speak with. On this part 1 we will go through some of the history and ghost stories surrounding this historic property. Special thanks to The Manger and 1859 Historic Hotels for helping us make this episode happen.All of our links:https://linktr.ee/UnrefinedPodcast

Neste vídeo respondo uma série de perguntas recebidas pelo meu Instagram no dia 07 de setembro de 2023. As perguntas são escolhidas previamente, mas respondidas na hora e sem nenhuma preparação. Portanto, desculpem qualquer resposta não tão completa assim. Introdução (00:13) Aviso importante (01:06) O Brasil tem salvação? (02:18) “Ficar e lutar” ou “sair e tentar”? (03:14) Independência ou morte ou independência é morte? (04:04) O que achou das falas de Haddad e Lira na XP Expert? (05:08) “O povo merece o governo que tem”. O que acha? (06:47) Por que historicamente há baixo desemprego antes de crises econômicas? Tem relação? (07:57) Hipoteticamente, um Brasil monárquico seria mais estável e com um plano de futuro claro? (08:53) Valeria a pena pagar imposto caso os serviços públicos funcionassem 100% na prática? (09:40) O que você achou das falas do Boris Johnson na Expert? (12:13) Dolarizar a economia da Argentina sem ajustas as contas públicas resolve? (14:47) Crise imobiliária da China irá fazer arrefecer a bolha na Europa? (15:53) O que você achou do 7 de setembro, uma imagem vale mais que mil narrativas? (17:21) Aumento do petróleo essa semana, será que a Petrobrás aguenta muito mais? (18:31) O que falta para o 7 de setembro ter o mesmo nível de engajamento que um 4 de julho? (22:09) Fortalecendo a moeda, ceteris paribus, isto é, deixando-a forte, o Brasil deslancha? (23:02) Sente algum “orgulho” por ser brasileiro? (25:00) Milei pode ser uma pedra no sapato de Lula na tentativa de poder totalitário da esquerda no Mercosul? (25:31) Poderia falar sobre o porquê você trabalha com economia? (27:08) A república falho no Brasil? (27:15) Qual o personagem mais importante para a história brasileira? (27:59) Nunca deixamos de ser colônia apenas trocamos Portugal pela metrópole de Brasília, um quinto era pouco. (28:32) Lembrei do seu vídeo sobre o 4 de julho, diferença muito grande entre Brasil e EUA. Gostaria que comentasse sobre o porquê de no Brasil até o passado ser incerto. (29:15) O Banco Central poderia usar apenas o compulsório para controle do M1, abrindo mão da taxa de juros? (30:29) China e Arabia Saudita vendem Treasuries. Necessidade de caixa ou manipular curva americana? (32:47) Fale sobre o Cartalismo em contraste à visão de Menger (36:22) Na sua opinião, quais foram as maiores invenções/descobertas dos últimos 20 anos? (36:50) Déficit cada dia maior, EUA com juros alto, até onde o Banco Central vai conseguir abaixar os juros? (37:54) Robin Brooks disse que dolarização da Argentina machucaria os exportadores. O que acha? (38:45) 123 Milhas era um esquema ponzi? (40:15) EUA em pleno emprego, inflação em redução, nada alarmante, por que Biden tem 70% de rejeição? (40:46) Novo risco do momento, não atingir a meta fiscal recém aprovada? (42:00) Do seu gráfico no último vídeo SP500 x ouro, você compraria mais ações ou mais ouro hoje? (42:57) Joga vídeo game com seus filhos? Ou joga algo? (43:35) Desisti, pelas vias legais não mudaremos nada, aparelharam tudo. Só uma guerra civil resolve. (44:12) Qual a diferença entre investir no exterior via corretora americana e brasileira? (45:05) Tenho menos de 2 anos produzindo conteúdo financeiro, poderia dar alguma dica? (45:27) Trump ou De Santis? (46:38) Quais os sinais de que um bom conselho de investimento é realmente um bom conselho? (47:07) Encerramento

Die Themen: Der 10-Punkte-Wirtschaftsplan der Ampel; 25 Fragen für Aiwanger; Beisetzung von Prigoschin ohne Putin; Trainingslager mit Rotwein; UN kritisieren Rubiales; Ermittlungen gegen Till Lindemann eingestellt; Unwetterchaos auf Mallorca; Würmer in Menschen; Rappende Präsidentschaftskandidaten und schwarze Jugendsünden Du möchtest mehr über unsere Werbepartner erfahren? Hier findest du alle Infos & Rabatte: https://linktr.ee/ApokalypseundFilterkaffee

durée : 00:59:51 - L'Été du Collège de France - par : Merryl Moneghetti - Qu'est-ce qu'une vie réussie et quel est l'enjeu du respect de soi ? Le sociologue Pierre-Michel Menger s'interroge sur le poids de l'éducation dans la rémunération d'une activité et du mérite qui est fondamentalement multidimensionnel et dépendant de nombreux paramètres sociaux objectifs. - invités : Pierre-Michel Menger Sociologue, titulaire de la chaire Sociologie du travail créateur au Collège de France

durée : 00:59:39 - L'Été du Collège de France - par : Merryl Moneghetti - Quelle est la génèse du terme "méritocratie" ? Pierre-Michel Menger, sociologue, analyse le lien étroit qui unit méritocratie et démocratie et nous expose la popularité paradoxale d'un terme initialement satirique censé révéler les dérives d'une sélection précoce des enfants en Angleterre. - invités : Pierre-Michel Menger Sociologue, titulaire de la chaire Sociologie du travail créateur au Collège de France

Alex speaks with Scott Scheall about Carl and Karl Menger and their influence on the history of economics, liberal theory, and - yes - mathematics.    Further Reading: "Karl Menger as Son of Carl Menger" - Scott Scheall & Reinhard Schumacher https://philarchive.org/rec/SCHKMA-4  Econlib Biography of elder Menger: https://www.econlib.org/library/Enc/bios/Menger.html  1871. Principles of Economics. Translated by J. Dingwall and B. F. Hoselitz, with an introduction by Friedrich A. Hayek. New York: New York University Press, 1981.   1892. “On the Origin of Money.” Economic Journal 2 (June): 239–255.   “Mises Introduces the Austrian School,” http://mises.org/daily/3512 from Ludwig von Mises, Memoirs.   Joseph T. Salerno, “Biography of Carl Menger: The Founder of the Austrian School (1840-1921),” http://mises.org/about/3239   Biography of Karl Menger    https://www.hetwebsite.net/het/profiles/kmenger.htm    Including the following Major Works: Dimensiontheorie, 1928 "On Intuitionism", 1930, Blatter der deutschen Pilosophy Kurventheorie, 1932 "The New Logic", 1933, in Krise und Neuaufbau in den Exackten Wissenschaften Moral Wille und Weltgestaltung, 1934. "The Role of Uncertainty in Economics", 1934, ZfN "Remarks on the Law of Diminishing Returns: A study in meta-economics", 1936, ZfN "The Logic of Laws of Return: A study in meta-economics", 1954, in Morgenstern, editor, Economic Activity Analysis. "Austrian Marginalism and Mathematical Economics", 1973, in Hicks and Weber, editors, Carl Menger and the Austrian School of Economics Morality, decision, and social organization : toward a logic of ethics, 1974. Selected Papers in Logic and Foundations, Didactics, Economics, 1979. Reminiscences of the Vienna Circle and the Mathematical Colloquium, 1994.   (ed. L. Golland, B. McGuinness and A. Sklar) [prev] "On the direction of ideas and the principal tendencies of the Vienna Mathematical Colloqium", 1998,  in E. Dierker &  K. Sigismund, editors, Karl Menger Ergebnisse eines Mathematischen Kolloquiums    

Menger discovered much more than the principle of marginal utility—he created an entire system of economics based on subjective value and individual choice. Download lecture slides at Mises.org/MU23_PPT_03. Recorded at the Mises Institute in Auburn, Alabama, on 24 July 2022.

Menger discovered much more than the principle of marginal utility—he created an entire system of economics based on subjective value and individual choice. Download lecture slides at Mises.org/MU23_PPT_03. Recorded at the Mises Institute in Auburn, Alabama, on 24 July 2022.

Carl Menger es el fundador de la Escuela Económica Austriaca. Su primer libro, Principios de economía política, a pesar de ser un texto más bien breve, abrió fronteras nuevas e importantes en el pensamiento económico e instauró una nueva forma de ver la acción económica. El libro, no obstante, presenta una interesante paradoja, pues Menger pretendía demostrar la existencia de leyes en la ciencia económica, pero la economía austriaca moderna se concentra en el papel de la innovación empresarial y la ruptura de las reglas, tal como muestra el trabajo del profesor Huerta de Soto. A lo largo de esta sesión con András Toth analizaremos esta presunta paradoja, así como las implicaciones de las ideas de Menger en nuestra visión sociológica de la sociedad y la política.    Si te ha gustado el programa, déjanos un comentario y danos una valoración alta en la plataforma donde lo hayas escuchado. No olvides darte de alta en www.valueschool.es para obtener información sobre nuestras actividades y acceder a todo nuestro material gratuito. Recuerda que también puedes seguirnos en Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, LinkedIn y en nuestro canal de YouTube. (Música: "Corporate Innovative" by Scott Holmes). http://www.scottholmesmusic.com 

durée : 01:00:05 - Les Cours du Collège de France - par : Merryl Moneghetti - Pourquoi le poète-diplomate, Paul Claudel a-t-il écrit dans une lettre des années 1920, "Il n'y a pas de pire carrière que celle d'un écrivain qui veut vivre de sa plume"? Que savons-nous de l'activité professionnelle des artistes & du cheminement de l'activité créatrice? demande P-M. Menger.

Die Themen: Streiks bei der Bahn und an Flughäfen am Freitag; China wirft G7-Staaten »Verleumdung« vor; CDU-Steuerpolitik; Waffengewalt in den USA; „Drake und The Weeknd“ - KI-Duett erobert das Internet; Noch wach? von Benjamin von Stuckrad-Barre; "Stranger Sins" Du möchtest mehr über unsere Werbepartner erfahren? Hier findest du alle Infos & Rabatte: https://linktr.ee/ApokalypseundFilterkaffee

This week, check into a haunted hotel for Spring Break! First, Carter remembers the Alamo and pays a visit to San Antonio's Menger Hotel. A successful brewery leads to a booming hotel business, and entertains a host of notables who never check out. Bump into Teddy Roosevelt in the bar, a mysterious maid in the hall, or a former guest in your bedroom! Then, Marissa introduces us to Norman G. Baker, a radio host who dabbles in medicine. His questionable treatments lead to suffering, death, and a charming neo-gothic resort hotel. Guests take in the mountaintop views while a charlatan fills them full of watermelon seeds and carbolic acid.

Die Themen: Internationaler Frauentag; Geheimdienste vermuten pro-ukrainische Gruppe hinter Nord-Stream-Anschlag; Scholz verspricht Wärmepumpen-Offensive; Wagenknecht will neue Partei gründen; Diabetes-Mittel bietet guten Schutz vor Long Covid; Günther Klum rügt seine Enkelin Leni unter Instagram-Post; Gerit Kling gewinnt Schlittenhunderennen auf Usedom Du möchtest mehr über unsere Werbepartner erfahren? Hier findest du alle Infos & Rabatte: https://linktr.ee/ApokalypseundFilterkaffee

This episode features the first chapter of Murder at the Menger, A Sydney Lockhart Mystery by Kathleen Kaska, and it is read by local actor Ariel Linn. Murder at the Menger was published in June of 2022. You can learn more about the author on her website. In each episode, we share with you mystery short stories and mystery novel first chapters read by actors from the San Joaquin Valley. Our theme song was written and performed by Kevin Memley. If you enjoyed this episode please review or rate it as that helps more people be able to find us! Also, consider subscribing so you never miss an episode-both to this podcast and to our podcast newsletter. If you would like to help support this podcast and Kings River Life financially, and get some fun rewards, check out our Patreon Page. You can also make a one time donation through Paypal and you can purchase some fun Mysteryrat's Maze merchandise on Redbubble. You can find more mystery fun on our websites Kings River Life Magazine and KRL News and Reviews.

A fraktálokról szóló két előadás linkjét az előző adás leírásában találjátok. Addig is nézzünk be egy 14-es szintű Menger szivacs belsejébe.Ebben a dalban kísérte Czigány György Medgyaszay Vilmát. És ha már Czigány Gyuri bácsi, akkor itt a Ki nyer ma legelső adása 1969-ből.A Becsapódás c. előadás.Ungváry Krisztián Utak a senkiföldjén - Kitörés 1945 c. könyve.A Média és Design Intézet Egerben, és az ott tanulók által tervezett ingyenes betűtípusok.MiniME, a kurva drága figura.Kellner Gyula harmadik helyezése képekben.Buster Keaton, még Buster Keaton és a Generális című filmjének AI által szinezett változata.Az adás előtti részletben Ujj Zsuzsi beszél a Nirvána után c. podcas vendégeként.Borítókép: Menger szivacs.Adászene: Grinderman..................................................................Support the showHa támogatnád a gombapresszót, akkor a Patreon oldalunkon megteheted.A gombapresszó Twitter csatornája.Az élő adások helyszine, az MR4 csatorna.MR4 keresőA gombapresszó Buzzsprout oldala.Az adászenéket tartalmazó Spotify lista.

The roots of Austrian economics go back to the great theologian Thomas Aquinas, whose view of what constitutes a good was a prototype of Menger's pathbreaking theory of the good. Original Article: "Defining a Good: The Intersection of St. Thomas Aquinas and Carl Menger" This Audio Mises Wire is generously sponsored by Christopher Condon.

The roots of Austrian economics go back to the great theologian Thomas Aquinas, whose view of what constitutes a good was a prototype of Menger's pathbreaking theory of the good. Original Article: "Defining a Good: The Intersection of Saint Thomas Aquinas and Carl Menger" This Audio Mises Wire is generously sponsored by Christopher Condon.

The roots of Austrian economics go back to the great theologian Thomas Aquinas, whose view of what constitutes a good was a prototype of Menger's pathbreaking theory of the good. Original Article: "Defining a Good: The Intersection of Saint Thomas Aquinas and Carl Menger" This Audio Mises Wire is generously sponsored by Christopher Condon.

The roots of Austrian economics go back to the great theologian Thomas Aquinas, whose view of what constitutes a good was a prototype of Menger's pathbreaking theory of the good. Original Article: "Defining a Good: The Intersection of St. Thomas Aquinas and Carl Menger" This Audio Mises Wire is generously sponsored by Christopher Condon.

The Origins of the Austrian School of Economics "There are two types of enlightenment. Grass roots, like the Austrian or Scottish kind, or Top down like the Jacobin or Fabian kind." Rahim Taghizadegan is most well known as an Author, Bitcoiner & Educator/University Lecturer and the “Last Austrian Economist in the direct Austrian Tradition”. He wrote a piece for the latest Bitcoin Times, Austrian Edition. You can read and boost that here: https://bitcointimes.com.au/from-bitcoin-to-the-austrian-school/ This man is an absolute WEALTH of knowledge and I we had an incredible discussion about the origins of Austrian Economics, money, banking and merchant networks - all which are precedents to Bitcoin. If you're a history buff and love to learn about the origin of things, THIS is an episode you will absolutely love. We cover: A history of Austrian Economics: Menger & his lineage. Menger as a bright “node” in emergent Austrian thinking A little about the Crown prince Who was the Nobel Laureate (Hayek?) Menger's students “Two lesser-known nodes in the network of the Austrian School would go on to have a much more profound impact on the world than the academic heirs of that tradition.” Felix Somary who became one of the founders of Swiss private banking. Richard Schüller, one of the best-connected diplomats of his time, who played an equally underestimated role in the return to peace after the World Wars and the independence of small post-war Austria. The difference between the Prussians of that era and their focus on Politics, VS the Austrian focus on culture and enterprise. “In the Austrian empire, a limited group of merchants had been granted total economic freedom and tax exemptions to make up for the relative backwardness of the empire. Successful entrepreneurs gathered in Vienna, and their quickly rising wealth brought leisure without political clout, influencing, among others, people like Menger and Hayek.“ “In a way, they resembled the Scottish Tobacco merchants whose leisure and similar distance from the state had fostered the Scottish Enlightenment. And there had indeed been old intellectual connections through Scottish and Irish monks and the scholastic tradition.” How did Switzerland emerge in the first place? Switzerland and Alpine Regions as microcosms and remnants of the glory of Europe. Emergent VS Top Down enlightenment. Who were the Fabians & the Jacobins? What is their view & model of the world? Why has that remained so appealing? Does Bitcoin change that? This was an incredible conversation and one that I hope you will learn alot from. Rahim made a book recommendation: “The Raven of Zurich” Go pick that up. You can follow Rahim's work on twitter: @scholarium_at And of course, go check out the Essay & support The Bitcoin Times here: bitcointimes.com.au/essays ____________________________________ Thanks again for listening. Reminder that you can pick up a copy of The UnCommunist Manifesto on Amazon: https://www.amazon.com/dp/B0B837FN63 You can pick up a copy of The Bitcoin Times from: BitcoinTimes Subscribe & Leave a Review !! That helps too.

Names like Menger, Böhm-Bawerk, Wieser, Hayek, and Rothbard are well-known to adherents of the Austrian school of economics. Emil Kauder isn't one of those names, but Murray Rothbard brings his contributions to Austrian thinking to light. Original Article: "Emil Kauder as an Austrian Dehomogenizer" This Audio Mises Wire is generously sponsored by Christopher Condon.