Podcasts about SegWit

Peter Rizun is the chief scientist at Bitcoin Unlimited: a software client that aims to scale Bitcoin with big blocks, while also empowering regular users to run nodes. In this episode, we talk about what went wrong during the block size wars & his research in scaling hardware. Time stamps: 00:01:15 — Introducing Peter Rizun 00:03:32 — Early Block Size Debates and Satoshi's Vision 00:07:45 — Block Size Limit History and Miner Soft Limits 00:10:10 — Dan Kaminsky's 2011 Scaling Predictions 00:12:01 — Scaling Philosophy: Zero, One, Infinity and Earth-Scale 00:15:09 — Block Size Wars, Chain Splits, and Altcoin Proliferation 00:16:43 — Stablecoins, Lightning, and Bitcoin's Use Case 00:19:03 — Zcash, Ethereum, and Bitcoin's Missed Opportunities 00:22:11 — Bitcoin's Script Limitations and Smart Contract Innovation 00:25:10 — Scaling Limits: Hardware, Storage, and Bandwidth 00:35:31 — Node Software, Formal Specs, and Core's Dominance 00:44:00 — Censorship, Reddit, and the Block Size Debate 00:48:04 — SPV Nodes, Custodial Wallets, and Decentralization 00:51:30 — Block Size, Internet Speed, and Global Node Access 00:57:26 — UTXO Model, Dust, and State Management 01:01:37 — Ethereum, Zcash, and Node Benchmarking 01:03:26 — Hardware Acceleration and Specialized Chips 01:07:00 — Sponsorship Break and Bitcoin Adoption via Debit Cards 01:14:59 — History of Block Size Proposals and Client Forks 01:21:07 — Consensus, Forks, and the Role of Exchanges 01:25:40 — SegWit, SegWit2x, and Political Compromises 01:33:04 — Bitcoin Cash, Market Dynamics, and Altcoin Competition 01:39:34 — Stablecoin Fees, Global Demand, and El Salvador 01:46:52 — Decline of Bitcoin Payments and Missed Opportunities 02:10:56 — Lightning Network: Promise vs. Reality 02:22:12 — Shitcoin vs. Bitcoin Maximalism and Open Source Innovation 03:05:52 — Spam, Miner Policy, and Transaction Filtering 03:17:05 — Hardware Scaling: M.2 Accelerator and Node Commoditization 03:29:11 — Nexa: Experimenting with Proof-of-Work and Node Bottlenecks 03:37:44 — Craig Wright, Satoshi Identity, and Big Block Movement Damage 04:02:03 — Fork Proliferation, Community Division, and Stablecoins 04:04:31 — Bitcoin's Future, Experimentation, and Open Research

ReardenCode discusses how we should reframe discussions around Bitcoin soft forks, explaining the capabilities-focused approach to opcodes rather than focusing solely on protocols. The conversation covers SegWit, Taproot, OP_CAT, and MEV concerns.You're listening to Bitcoin Season 2. Subscribe to the newsletter, trusted by over 7,000 Bitcoiners: https://newsletter.blockspacemedia.comReardenCode, independent Bitcoin developer and freedom advocate, joins us to talk about reframing how we think about Bitcoin soft forks. Reardon breaks down opcodes, explains why we should focus on capabilities rather than protocols, and explores the historical context of Bitcoin's upgrades from SegWit to Taproot. The conversation goes deep on OP_CAT, CTV, and CHECKSIGFROMSTACK while but tries to make the topics approachable approachable.Follow our guests: @ReardenCodeNotes:- Bitcoin is the first digitally scarce asset- OP_CAT enables five different capabilities- SegWit enabled non-third party malleable txs- Taproot enabled hidden script paths- CTV+CSS combo enables rebindable signatures- MEV concerns can probably be scoped and managedCheck out our Bitcoin scaling conference! Visit opnext.dev to learn more.Timestamps:00:00 Start01:28 What is Bitcoin?02:36 What's an OP code?05:41 How to think about OP codes07:39 Capabilities examples10:17 Explaining OP codes12:03 What do we want?13:24 Why did SegWit NOT do more?15:22 Taproot18:50 Arch19:25 Hidden script paths22:13 CTV31:55 OP_CAT35:11 Check Contract Verify36:33 Introduction of "state" & MEV37:07 MEV40:29 Limiting MEV43:36 The problems of OP_CAT48:26 The current consensus52:22 Wrap up-

Corbin Fraser is the new CEO of Bitcoin.com. In this episode, he talks about the Scaling Wars, his perspective as a BCH advocate, and the lessons the market taught him over the years. Also, he explains why the news section of Bitcoin.com improved. Introducing Corbin Fraser (00:00:50) Bitcoin.com's Evolution (00:01:52) Support for Multiple Cryptocurrencies (00:03:05) Challenges of Tribalism in Crypto (00:06:51) Origins of Bitcoin Cash (00:09:07) The Scaling Wars (00:12:14) Misconceptions About BCH Leadership (00:15:23) The Meme Warfare (00:18:31) Promoting Token Swaps (00:20:09) Bitcoin.com News and Geopolitics (00:21:16) Respect for Peter Schiff (00:22:01) Occupy Wall Street Insights (00:22:12) Bitcoin Cash vs Bitcoin Debate (00:24:25) Vitalik's Perspective on Forks (00:25:04) Nomenclature and Propaganda (00:26:17) Cola Wars Analogy (00:28:31) Future of Bitcoin Block Size (00:29:56) Lightning Network Adoption Challenges (00:30:04) Alternative Layer 2 Solutions (00:31:27) Lightning Network's Technical Limits (00:32:33) Bitcoin SV and Centralization Concerns (00:33:42) Impact of Community Divisions (00:34:44) Chaos of Forks in 2017 (00:36:58) Bitcoin.com's Business Approach (00:40:04) Lightning Network Whitepaper Block Size (00:41:06) Discussion on AI and Block Size (00:42:39) Satoshi's Misjudgments (00:43:46) Censorship and Community Chaos (00:45:34) Personal Losses During the Block Size Wars (00:47:08) Bitcoin Cash's Price Surge to $3000 (00:47:38) Miner Hesitation (00:48:30) Current Features of BCH (00:51:55) Emergence of Cash Tokens & Failure of SLP (00:56:02) Building on UTXO (01:00:18) Ethereum's Rise Post-Scaling Wars (01:02:10) SushiSwap & DeFi Summer (01:03:53) Vampire Liquidity Attack (01:05:08) Speculation Around Chef Nomi (01:06:27) Development of Aave & Compound (01:07:30) Community Dynamics in BCH (01:08:32) Debate on Development Tax (01:09:43) Amaury Sechet's Influence and Community Split (01:10:14) Forking and Community Fragmentation (01:12:12) Transition to Ethereum and DeFi (01:14:39) The Role of Multi-Chain Strategies (01:19:12) Privacy and Zano (01:20:41) Operational Security and Privacy in Crypto (01:23:09) Government Regulation and Crypto Development (01:24:31) Zano's Hybrid PoW/PoS Consensus (01:25:56) Fact-Checking from Bitcoin Cash Podcast (01:27:13) Bitcoin Cash Upgrade Schedule (01:28:14) Twitter Spaces Collaboration (01:28:47) Privacy Solutions in BCH (01:29:29) Mike Hearn's Prediction on Forks (01:30:05) Misleading Media Influence (01:30:57) Dollar Cost Averaging Strategy (01:31:50) Self-Custody Solutions (01:32:02) Ownership of Bitcoin.com (01:33:54) Roger Ver's Contributions (01:34:22) Support for Roger Ver (01:36:25) Government's Stance on Crypto (01:38:47) Reading Roger's Defense (01:39:59) Misinterpretations of Roger's Position (01:41:08) Evolution of Roger Ver's Views (01:42:31) Market Humbling Experiences (01:42:54) Elon Musk's Influence (01:43:37) Current Crypto Market Sentiment (01:45:01) Celebrity Influence on Crypto (01:46:05) Kanye West's Coin Speculation (01:47:01) Kanye's Meme Coin Ventures (01:48:05) The Decline of Meme Coin Interest (01:49:16) Overvaluation in Crypto Projects (01:50:50) Block Size Wars Reflection (01:51:48) State Actors and Bitcoin's Challenges (01:52:51) Blockstream's Business Struggles (01:54:41) Developer Commitment and Innovation (01:56:34) Stablecoins vs. Bitcoin Adoption (02:00:05) Future of Stablecoins and CBDCs (02:01:33) Block Size Debate and Social Consensus (02:04:08) George Hotz's Perspective on Innovation (02:06:48) Ethereum's Rapid Development (02:09:07) Ethereum's Challenges (02:11:29) Bitcoin's Cautious Approach (02:12:05) Testing Protocols (02:13:15) User Education on Risks (02:15:35) Brock Pierce's Influence (02:16:21) Community Engagement (02:18:17) Listing Criteria for New Coin on Bitcoin dot com Wallet (02:20:34) Integration of Privacy Coins (02:22:58) Zano's Potential (02:24:01) User Confusion with Bitcoin Domains (02:28:21) BSV Integration Decision (02:30:36) Balanced News Coverage (02:32:04) Introduction to New Developments (02:33:07) Embracing a Broader Crypto Perspective (02:34:05) Closing Remarks (02:34:46) Final Thoughts and Future Plans (02:35:03)

In recent years, Bitcoin has undergone a major culture shift which promotes stagnation, complacency & simping to politicians over maximizing the utility of the money. Eric Voskuil & John Carvalho join the show to remind everyone what the mission really is. State of Bitcoin - [00:01:17] Bitcoin Maximalism - [00:01:32] Bitcoin as a Ponzi Scheme - [00:02:27] Transaction Fees - [00:04:57] History of Bitcoin Tokens (Omni, Counterparty, Mastercoin) Definition of Tokens - [00:08:01] Custodial Problems with Tokens - [00:09:12] Bitcoin and Fiat Money - [00:11:09] Why Bitcoiners Talk About Money - [00:15:49] Stateless Money - [00:17:44] Austrian Economics and Bitcoin - [00:21:01] Monetary Inflation vs. Price Inflation - [00:26:01] Cantillon Effect - [00:29:00] Dollar Inflation and Gold - [00:33:59] Misunderstandings in the Bitcoin Community - [00:41:42] Bitcoin Semantics - [00:43:21] Bitcoin Divisibility - [01:00:13] Bitcoin Deflation - [01:03:41] Maxi Price and One Coin Assumption - [01:07:43] Competition Between Monies - [01:13:42] Scaling Bitcoin - [01:22:41] Bitcoin for the Unbanked - [01:26:14] Maximizing Throughput - [01:36:11] Right to Fork - [01:45:45] Running Old Bitcoin Versions - [01:51:35] Bitcoin as Money vs. Credit - [01:56:26] Settlement in Bitcoin - [02:07:45] Peer-to-Peer Credit Systems - [02:14:47] Fractional Reserve Banking - [02:26:32] Bitkit Wallet and Spending vs. Saving - [02:36:13] Block size increases and Bitcoin adoption - [03:00:00] Scaling Bitcoin and transaction validation - [03:01:00] Bitcoin overflowing into Litecoin and quantum resistance - [03:02:00] Pruning historical data and exchange price - [03:03:00] Lightning system complexity and Bitcoin's value proposition - [03:05:00] Bitcoin as an investment and speculation - [03:07:00] Optimizing Bitcoin throughput and developer motivations - [03:09:00] Scaling Bitcoin and speculation - [03:11:00] Shitcoins, scams, and Bitcoin's security model - [03:13:00] Litecoin's extension blocks and Mimblewimble - [03:15:00] Bitcoin's security and the legitimacy of altcoins - [03:17:00] Shitcoins and Bitcoin's essential aspects - [03:19:00] Majority hash power censorship and attacks - [03:21:00] Bitcoin speculation and market dynamics - [03:23:00] Michael Saylor's Bitcoin strategy and MicroStrategy's history - [03:26:00] Saylor's Bitcoin investment and market manipulation - [03:29:00] Saylor's stock sales and Bitcoin's future - [03:31:00] Blockstream's accomplishments and the Chia project - [03:33:00] Blockstream's influence and SegWit - [03:35:00] Adam Back's influence and Blockstream's hype - [03:37:00] Bitcoin Core's power and the need for competition - [03:39:00] Initial block download performance and Bitcoin Core's architecture - [03:41:00] UTXO store and Bitcoin Core's performance - [03:43:00] Parallelism in Bitcoin Core and assumed UTXO - [03:45:00] Initial block download time and Bitcoin Core's scalability - [03:47:00] Monoculture in Bitcoin development and IBD performance - [03:49:00] UTXO cache and shutdown time - [03:51:00] Trust assumptions in Bitcoin Core and UTXO commitments - [03:53:00] Bitcoin Core's halting problem and theoretical download limits - [03:55:00] Sponsorships: Sideshift, LayerTwo Labs, Ciurea - [03:57:00] Drivechains and ZK rollups - [04:02:00] ZK rollups and liquidity on Ethereum - [04:04:00] Drivechains and altcoins - [04:06:00] Scaling Bitcoin and cultural taboos - [04:08:00] Engineer-driven change and Monero's approach - [04:10:00] Confidential transactionsL Zano & DarkFi - [04:12:00] Fungibility and Bitcoin's metadata - [04:14:00] Privacy, metadata, and state surveillance - [04:16:00] Privacy, taint, and Bitcoin mixing - [04:18:00] Bitcoin mixing and plausible deniability - [04:20:00] Mining and company registration - [04:22:00] Block reward and hash power - [04:24:00] Privacy and mixing - [04:26:00] Privacy in the Bitcoin whitepaper and zero-knowledge proofs - [04:28:00] Dark Wallet and John Dillon - [04:30:00] Dark Wallet and Li Bitcoin - [04:32:00] Amir Taaki's projects and software development - [04:34:00] Dark Wallet funding and developer costs - [04:36:00] Libbitcoin's code size and developer salaries - [04:38:00] John Dillon and Greg Maxwell - [04:40:00] Opportunistic encryption and BIPs 151/152 - [04:42:00] Dandelion and privacy - [04:44:00] BIP 37 and Bloom filters - [04:46:00] Consensus cleanup and the Time Warp bug - [04:48:00] Merkle tree malleability and 64-byte transactions - [04:50:00] 64-byte transactions and SPV wallets - [04:52:00] Coinbase transactions and malleability - [04:54:00] Invalid block hashes and DoS vectors - [04:56:00] Core bug and ban list overflow - [04:58:00] Storing hashes of invalid blocks - [05:00:00] DoS vectors and invalid blocks - [05:02:00] Malleated Merkle trees and 64-byte transactions - [05:04:00] 64-byte transactions and Merkle tree malleability - [05:06:00] Null points and malleated blocks - [05:08:00] Redundant checks and the inflation soft fork - [05:10:00] Op code separator and code complexity - [05:12:00] Transaction order in a block - [05:14:00] Forward references in blocks - [05:16:00] Coinbase transaction rules - [05:18:00] Time Warp bug and Litecoin support - [05:20:00] Quadratic op roll bug - [05:22:00] Stack implementation and op roll - [05:24:00] Templatized stack and op roll optimization - [05:26:00] Non-standard transactions and direct submission to miners - [05:28:00] Mempool policy and DoS - [05:30:00] Monoculture and competing implementations - [05:32:00] Consensus cleanup and Berkeley DB - [05:34:00] Code vs. consensus - [05:36:00] Bitcoin Knots and Luke-jr - [05:38:00] 300 kilobyte node and Luke-jr's views - [05:40:00] Bitcoin Knots and performance - [05:42:00] Bitcoin Knots and censorship - [05:44:00] Censorship and miner incentives - [05:46:00] Censorship and hash power - [05:48:00] Soft forks and censorship - [05:50:00] Ordinals and covenants - [05:52:00] RBF and zero-confirmation transactions - [05:54:00] Double spending and merchant risk - [05:56:00] First-seen mempool policy and RBF - [05:58:00] Low-value transactions and RBF - [06:00:00] Computational cost of actions - [06:00:15] Building infrastructure and system disruption - [06:00:20] Threat actors and economic disruption - [06:00:26] Double spending detection and system control - [06:00:29] Safety and manageability of zero comp transactions - [06:00:41] Security of zero comp transactions - [06:00:51] RBF (Replace-by-fee) and its relevance - [06:01:06] Bitcoin's mempool and transaction handling - [06:01:25] Mempool overflow and resource management - [06:02:08] Transaction storage and mining - [06:02:45] Miners' incentives and fee maximization - [06:03:07] Mempool policy and DOS protection - [06:03:41] Transaction validation and block context - [06:04:11] Fee limits and DOS protection - [06:05:13] Transaction sets, graph processing, and fee maximization - [06:06:24] Mining empty blocks and hash rate - [06:07:34] Replace-by-fee (RBF) and its purpose - [06:08:07] Infrastructure and RBF - [06:09:14] Transaction pool and conflict resolution - [06:09:44] Disk space, fees, and DOS protection - [06:11:06] Fee rates and DOS protection - [06:12:22] Opt-in RBF and mempool full RBF - [06:13:45] Intent flagging in transactions - [06:14:45] Miners obeying user intent and system value - [06:17:06] Socialized gain and individual expense - [06:18:17] Service reliability and profitability - [06:19:06] First-seen mempool policy - [06:19:37] Mempool policy and implementation - [06:20:06] User perspective on transaction priority - [06:21:14] Mempool conflicts and double spending - [06:22:10] CPFP (Child Pays for Parent) - [06:22:24] Mempool management and fee rates - [06:24:30] Mempool complexity and Peter Wuille's work - [06:25:54] Memory and disk resource management - [06:27:37] First-seen policy and miner profitability - [06:29:25] Miners' preference for first-seen - [06:30:04] Computational cost and fee optimization - [06:31:10] Security, Cypherpunk mentality, and the state - [06:35:25] Bitcoin's security model and censorship resistance - [06:41:02] State censorship and fee increases - [06:43:00] State's incentive to censor - [06:46:15] Lightning Network and regulation - [06:48:41] NGU (Number Go Up) and deference to the state - [06:51:10] Reasons for discussing Bitcoin's security model - [06:53:25] Bitcoin's potential subversion and resilience - [06:55:50] Lightning Network subsidies and scaling - [06:57:36] Mining protocols and security - [07:02:02] Braidpool and centralized mining - [07:04:44] Compact blocks and latency reduction - [07:07:23] Orphan rates and mining centralization - [07:08:16] Privacy and threat environments - [07:08:40] Social graphs, reputation, and identity - [07:10:23] Social scalability and Bitcoin - [07:12:36] Individual empowerment and anonymity - [07:16:48] Trust in society and the role of the state - [07:18:01] Payment methods and trust - [07:20:15] Credit reporting agencies and regulation - [07:22:17] Hardware wallets and self-custody - [07:23:46] Security vulnerabilities in Ledger - [07:27:14] Disclosure of secrets on Ledger devices - [07:36:27] Compromised machines and hardware wallets - [07:42:00] Methods for transferring signed transactions - [07:48:25] Threat scenarios and hardware wallet security - [07:50:47] Hardware wallet usage and personal comfort - [07:56:40] Coldcard wallets and user experience - [08:02:23] Security issues in the VX project - [08:03:25] Seed generation and hardware randomness - [08:12:05] Mastering Bitcoin and random number generation - [08:17:41]

Time stamps: Introducing Mike Belshe (00:00:42) Mike Belshe's Background (00:01:58) Self-Custody vs. Institutional Custody (00:02:05) Multi-Signature Technology (00:03:56) Understanding Multi-Party Computation (00:04:51) Advancements in Cryptography (00:05:53) BitGo's Role in Tokenizing Bitcoin (00:08:26) Defining DeFi's Importance (00:09:09) Mike's Technology Background (00:12:12) Inspiration from Tim Berners-Lee (00:14:57) Bitcoin's Zero Click Payments (00:17:11) Bitcoin Custodianship Issues (00:17:36) Challenges of Bitcoin Payments (00:18:25) Scaling Bitcoin and Lightning Network (00:19:20) Bitcoin's Role in Digital Money (00:20:13) Layer Two Solutions and Drivechains (00:21:15) Scaling Discussions in Bitcoin's History (00:22:31) Sidechains and Their Limitations (00:23:16) Innovation vs. Immutability (00:24:29) Importance of Real Applications (00:25:32) Privacy and Fungibility in Bitcoin (00:28:42) Lessons from TCP/IP and Blockchain Privacy (00:30:51) Regulatory Concerns and Privacy Solutions (00:32:53) Understanding the Static of Security (00:34:01) SideShift (00:34:59) Bitcoin's Civil War: Block Size Wars (00:35:54) Human Decisions in Bitcoin (00:36:16) Historical Proposals and Interpretations (00:37:10) Challenges of Block Space and Fees (00:37:58) Bitcoin Consensus (00:38:48) SegWit and Its Implications (00:39:41) Gavin Andresen's Role in Bitcoin (00:42:00) Bitcoin's Resilience Against Adversaries (00:42:13) Need for Enhanced Security (00:43:05) Strategic Bitcoin Reserve in the USA (00:44:30) El Salvador's Currency Strategy (00:45:19) Self-Custody Concerns (00:49:13) Security Measures for Self-Custody (00:50:17) Privacy as a Solution (00:50:43) Self-Custody Options (00:51:14) Family Legacy and Custody Challenges (00:52:24) Public Key Cryptography Innovation (00:52:28) HODLING.ch (00:53:29) Protecting Against Government Confiscation (00:54:15) Multi-Custodial Model Explanation (00:54:21) Hardware Wallets Discussion (00:56:03) Safety Deposit Box Concerns (00:58:03) Trade-offs in Security Solutions (00:58:56) Onboarding New Users (01:00:09) Edge Wallet Features (01:01:01) BitGo's Wallet Recovery Wizard (01:03:02) BitGo vs. Casa (01:05:08) Multi-Signature Security (01:05:46) Early Adoption of Multi-Sig (01:09:10) Building a New Monetary System (01:11:54) Regulatory Changes in the US (01:13:49) Impact of MiCA in Europe (01:15:32) War on Cash (01:16:17) Global Financial Systems (01:18:03) Zero Knowledge Proofs (01:19:48) Zcash Discussion (01:20:04) Privacy Technologies in Bitcoin (01:21:18) Challenges of On-chain Traceability (01:22:26) Philosophy on Transaction Privacy (01:23:19) Concerns About Privacy Adoption (01:24:51) Historical Context of TCP/IP Security (01:25:34) Bitcoin as Digital Gold (01:27:24) Ethereum's Role in DeFi (01:29:01) Benefits of Smart Contracts (01:32:01) Reflections on Bitcoin's Journey (01:33:25) Future of Bitcoin (01:34:30) Lightning Network Fees (01:36:12) Trade-offs in Payment Systems (01:38:01) Adoption of Bitcoin and Early Adoption Costs (01:42:01) Long-term Viability of Bitcoin Mining (01:44:38) The Future of Bitcoin and Layer Solutions (01:47:17) Community Response to Bitcoin Vulnerabilities (01:49:01) Satoshi's Vision for Mining (01:51:11) Satoshi's Intentions (01:52:35) Empathy for Satoshi (01:54:16) 0 to 1 Concept (01:54:24) Bitcoin's Anniversary (01:55:53) Centralization in Crisis (01:56:33) Zero Knowledge Proof Bug (01:57:45) Following Mike Belshe's Work (01:58:45)

In this episode, we sit down with Hunter Beast, a developer focused on making bitcoin quantum resistant. Hunter shares his journey from discovering bitcoin in 2017 to working on a Bitcoin Improvement Proposal (BIP) aimed at securing the protocol against future quantum threats. We explore how quantum computers could compromise elliptic curve cryptography, why P2PK coins are at risk, how address reuse poses risks, and Hunter's proposed pay-to-quantum-resistant hash solution. He explains the challenges of implementing post-quantum cryptography, the trade-offs between security and efficiency, and the timeline for potential quantum threats. Hunter also discusses the importance of community collaboration on upgrades and how bitcoin can prepare for a secure future while maintaining its core values.SUPPORT THE PODCAST:→ Subscribe→ Leave a review→ Share the show with your friends and family→ Send us an email podcast@unchained.com→ Learn more about Unchained: https://unchained.com/?utm_source=youtube&utm_medium=video&utm_campaign=TBF-podcast-description→ Book a free call with a bitcoin expert: https://unchained.com/consultation?utm_source=youtube&utm_medium=video&utm_campaign=TBF-podcast-description→ Buy bitcoin in an IRA—sign up today and get your first year free: unchained.com/frontierTIMESTAMPS:00:00:00 - Intro00:01:02 - Meet Hunter: Bitcoin and quantum focus00:01:51 - Fixing money: Bitcoin's potential to fix the world00:03:06 - Real risks vs myths00:04:41 - Elliptic curve cryptography: Bitcoin's security backbone00:06:08 - Why bitcoin matters: Grounding the digital world00:07:07 - Quantum risks: Shor's algorithm and private keys00:10:33 - Quantum threat: An existential risk to bitcoin00:11:44 - Resilience: Lessons from Carrington event00:12:57 - Quantum resistance00:14:26 - Hunter's proposal: Pay-to-quantum-resistant hash00:17:04 - Public key risks: Old coins, mempool, reuse, taproot00:20:22 - Quantum solutions: SegWit v3 and new algorithms00:26:21 - Resistant addresses: Naming conventions and tips00:31:06 - Securing bitcoin with new cryptography00:34:06 - Signature challenges: Balancing security and block space00:37:07 - Future cryptography: Preparing for quantum security00:43:27 - Trade-offs of quantum-proof cryptography00:50:00 - Quantum risk timeline: Predictions and unknowns00:55:27 - Satoshi's coins: Why not burn vulnerable addresses01:00:18 - Soft fork challenges: Consensus and activation risks01:03:10 - Closing thoughts: Hunter's work and resourcesWHERE TO FOLLOW US:→ Unchained Twitter: https://twitter.com/unchainedcom→ Unchained LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/company/unchainedcom → Unchained Newsletter: https://unchained.com/newsletter → Joe Burnett's Twitter: https://twitter.com/IIICapital→ Hunter Beast's Twitter: https://x.com/cryptoquick

Block Version Number in BitcoinThe block version number in Bitcoin serves as an indicator of which set of consensus rules a block follows. It's also used to signal miners' readiness or support for upcoming protocol upgrades. Over time, block version numbers have evolved from simple sequential numbers (like versions 1 through 4) to a more complex bit-field system, which allows for multiple upgrades to be signaled at once.From last time you badgered me I made some notes. Evolution of Block VersionsEarly Versions (1-4):These were straightforward indicators of protocol changes. For example:Version 1 was used from the Genesis block until March 2013.Version 2 came with BIP 34, authored by Gavin Andresen, it added the block height to the coinbase transaction and was activated at Block 227,931 on March 27, 2013.Version 3 enforced stricter signature validation with BIP 66, authored by Pieter Wuille, it ensured correct DER encoding of signatures. It activated at Block 363,725 on July 4, 2015.Version 4 enabled CheckLockTimeVerify (CLTV) with BIP 65, also authored by Pieter Wuille, it allowed for time-locked transactions and activated at Block 388,381 on December 11, 2015.Then come the Version Bits format:Bitcoin upgrades were becoming increasingly complex, the block version system transitioned to the Version Bits signaling mechanism, which allows multiple protocol changes to be signaled at once using specific bits in the block version field, allowing miners to signal support for up to 29 features simultaneously, each represented by a specific bit in the 32-bit version field.When Segregated Witness (SegWit) was introduced, Bitcoin transitioned from simple block versions to the complex numbers seen today.Special Note: before we review the important key version bits, I have to make something clear. These version numbers are more than just sequential; they signal specific changes using bitsI am going to call out version numbers like 536 870 912, which is is the decimal representation of the hexadecimal value 0x20000000The full number 536870912 in binary is 00100000000000000000000000000000.“536" doesn't have standalone significance. It's just a part of the decimal value when the binary representation of 0x20000000 is converted into base 10 (which equals 536870912).The important part lies in the bitwise representation, where the leading bits "001" in the binary form, are reserved for signaling purposes, indicating that version bits are being used.But for the purpose of conveying version numbers to a human (this human being you Max) we will use the decimal representation instead of 0x2 nd a bunch of zeros or 001 and 29 more zeros.Now to the bit version section…Version 536 870 912 indicated readiness for SegWit, introduced through BIP 141 (authored by Pieter Wuille). SegWit was activated on August 24, 2017, at Block 481,824.Version 536 870 913 was used to signal support for BIP 91 and authored by James Hilliard. BIP 91 lowered the threshold required for SegWit's activation. It was locked in at Block 477,120 on July 20, 2017.Version 536 870 914 and 536 870 916 continued signaling for SegWit deployment through various BIPs.How It Works TodayToday, miners use the Version Bits system to signal support for new upgrades, and they must keep their block version numbers in line with consensus rules. Version numbers like 536870912 (SegWit) are still recognized by the network, and each bit in the version number, a miner can signal support for different soft forks simultaneously.For instance, if the network is ready for a future upgrade, miners will flip the corresponding bit in their block version number, signaling their support for the upgrade. The rest of the version field remains intact, allowing multiple soft forks to be signaled at the same time.First 3 bits = 001: Reserved and indicate version bits are being used.Remaining 29 bits: Available for signaling specific soft forks or protocol changes. Each of these bits corresponds to a different potential feature being activated.Car Analogy for Bitcoin Block Version NumbersLet's compare Bitcoin's block version numbers to Fords and how their cars evolved from simple model numbers to VIN numbers that represent various features and changes in their design over the years.The Model T and Block Version 1:Just like Ford's Model T, the first Bitcoin blocks (version 1) were basic, so basic, buyers didn't even have a choice in what color vehicle they could buy “you can have a car in any color so long as its black. Similar to early block versions that had no special features—the first blocks had no complex rules or signals, just the essentials.Evolving Model Years and Version Numbers:As Ford expanded its lineup, more models came out, and so did the need for differentiating cars beyond going from model T to Model A. Apply that to Bitcoin, version 1 to 4 were indicators of upgrades like block height (BIP-34), stricter validation (BIP-66), and time-locked transactions (BIP-65) can be compared to model T to model AComplex Version Bits = New Ford VIN Structure:Eventually, car manufacturers standardized more details in its VIN numbers to reflect all the specifics of each model the world manufacturers identifier, vehicle description section, and the vehicle identifier section—just like Bitcoin's version bits system, which allows for more granular signaling.The VIN was introduced in 1965 to track each vehicle's specifications. The first two characters of the VIN, such as “1F,” identify Ford and where the vehicle was built. 1F is a Ford built in the USA.For example, characters 4-8 in a Ford VIN indicate engine type, body style, and model, much like Bitcoin's complex version numbers (536 870 912 or 0x20000000) that signal specific features like SegWit (BIP-141) or BIP-91 activation.Or version 536 870 916 (0x20000004) signals both SegWit and BIP-91—much like how characters in the Ford VIN specify the engine, body, and trim level of a car.VINs were more standardized in the 80's. Ford's VIN numbers now include production year, plant location, and a unique serial number to distinguish every car (that's characters 10-17). Likewise, Bitcoin's version bits (introduced with version 536870912) can signal multiple protocol changes at once. Just as the tenth digit in a VIN tells you the model year (e.g., “J” for 1988), a Bitcoin version number can tell you which upgrades are active. Bits 1-3: Reserved for version signaling format (for example, the top three bits set to 001 for soft fork signaling).Bits 4-32 can each represent a specific feature or soft fork proposal, meaning multiple upgrades can be signaled simultaneously within the same block version field.ConclusionIn both cases, as the products (Fords and Bitcoin blocks) became more complex, the identifiers also became more detailed. From simple model numbers like T and A (Max likes T & A) to VIN numbers, Bitcoin's version bits both allow for greater customization and finer control.Like how car manufacturers track and signal changes to its cars over time with VINs, Bitcoin uses block version numbers to ensure the network continues to evolve. Bitcoin is still Bitcoin, and a Ford is still a Ford regardless of the fact Henry Ford is dead, and Satoshi is not Craig Wright, or Adam Back, or Peter Todd. IMPORTANT LINKS https://freesamourai.comhttps://p2prights.org/donate.htmlhttps://ungovernablemisfits.comVALUE FOR VALUEThanks for listening you Ungovernable Misfits, we appreciate your continued support and hope you enjoy the shows.You can support this episode using your time, talent or treasure.TIME:- create fountain clips for the show- create a meetup- help boost the signal on social mediaTALENT:- create ungovernable misfit inspired art, animation or music- design or implement some software that can make the podcast better- use whatever talents you have to make a contribution to the show!TREASURE:- BOOST IT OR STREAM SATS on the Podcasting 2.0 apps @ https://podcastapps.com- DONATE via Paynym @ Max- DONATE via Paynym to JON @ Jon- DONATE via Monero @ https://xmrchat.com/ugmf- BUY SOME CLOTHING @ https://ungovernablemisfits.com/store/- BUY SOME ART!! @ https://ungovernablemisfits.com/art-gallery/ALTAIR TECHNOLOGIESAltair Tech is your one-stop shop for pleb mining supplies. They carry Bitaxes, Urlacher Conversion Kits, Bitmain Antminers, Shrouds, etc. Anything you can think of when it comes to Bitcoin Mining :).Use the affiliate link above and don't forget to use code UNGOVERNABLE at checkout.(00:00) Welcome To Bitesize Bitcoin!(00:35) Who The Fuck Is That?(02:04) What Do You Want Max?(03:52) Block Version Number(04:57) The Versions(08:09) Version Bits Upgrades(11:25) It's Like A VIN!(15:00) What's a Wolf Doing on Wall Street?(16:35) In Conclusion...(16:59) Night Mate(17:33) SPONSORED BY ALTAIR

06th May: Crypto & Coffee at 8

Aaron Day, an entrepreneur, author, and pro-freedom anti-CBDC political activist, discusses coordinated CBDC threat, rollout, and response. We also talk about BCH halvening, “Hijacking Bitcoin” book reception, Reddit censorship, and many other topics.Enjoy the chat!Links:Aaron on Twitter: https://twitter.com/AaronRDayAaron Day's website: https://day2024.com/BCH Bliss: https://www.bliss.cash“Who Killed Bitcoin?” documentary: https://youtu.be/eafzIW52Rgc?si=nGuK17O7VujuhZauPresentation slides of this episode: https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/1kkIyprI2ZAjmmmZzU8Y79IZ64D0k3vV7/edit#slide=id.g1001e085589_0_4Donations:bitcoincash:qplap7tsjrcqxr05aunnk75t6rcr9p9wd54gm5ux0jSponsors:Thank you very much to our flipstarter contributors: https://flipstarter.bitcoincashpodcast.com/enGeneral Protocols: https://generalprotocols.com and https://bchbull.comSocials:Website: https://www.bitcoincashpodcast.comYouTube: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCsrDsJnHFnkMnJhEslofyPQTwitter: https://twitter.com/TheBCHPodcastTimestamps:00:00 Podcast starts00:41 Intro01:29 Aaron Day's intro03:26 Free State Project, New Hampshire19:53 Market update: BCH ranking up23:00 BSV and CSW27:52 BCH and BTC halvening29:35 Halvening miner profitability35:41 Central Bank Digital Currencies38:57 Project Hamilton, Joi Ito, SegWit, Jeffrey Epstein51:00 CBDC threat is real1:05:55 BCH is the best shot we have1:23:39 "The final countdown"1:29:20 You don't go back in a Ponzi scheme1:37:19 Response and action plan1:41:28 On surveillance, airports, and banks1:48:09 Gen Z, "Bank run now", and censorship1:58:55 Shoutout to Charlie from Resist CBDC2:01:38 BSV, CSW, and COPA trial2:04:29 “Hijacking Bitcoin” book release2:18:00 The market has spoken!2:31:22 Reddit censorship falling apart2:32:40 Adam Back gaslighting again2:34:19 Meme of the week2:35:42 Aaron's message to the community2:38:28 Podcast supporter appreciation2:39:19 Shoutouts and outro

Mark “Murch” Erhardt and Mike Schmidt are joined by Dave Harding, Peter Todd, Abubakar Sadiq Ismail, David Gumberg, and Jeffrey Czyz to discuss Newsletter #295. News Disclosure of free relay attack (1:22) Transaction fee sponsorship improvements (9:55) Mempool-based feerate estimation (34:49) Selected Q&A from Bitcoin Stack Exchange What are the risks of running a pre-SegWit node (0.12.1)? (50:30) When is OP_RETURN cheaper than OP_FALSE OP_IF? (55:51) Why does BIP-340 use secp256k1? (56:33) What criteria does Bitcoin Core use to create block templates? (58:08) How does the initialblockdownload field in the getblockchaininfo RPC work? (1:04:45) Releases and release candidates Bitcoin Core 26.1rc2 (1:07:34) Bitcoin Core 27.0rc1 (1:07:55) Notable code and documentation changes Bitcoin Core #28950 (1:17:13) LND #8418 (1:19:07) LDK #2756 (1:23:44) LDK #2935 (1:25:55) LDK #2419 (1:27:39) Rust Bitcoin #2549 (1:32:54) BTCPay Server #5852 (1:33:36)

In this podcast, we dive deep into the world of Bitcoin scalability solutions with Orkun Kilic, the co-founder and CEO of Chainway Labs, the company behind Citrea - Bitcoin's first zero-knowledge (ZK) rollup. Orkun provides a detailed background on the journey that led to the creation of Citrea, explaining how recent upgrades to Bitcoin's protocol like SegWit, Taproot, and the Ordinals protocol paved the way for new possibilities by enabling arbitrary data storage on the blockchain. This opened up a design space for building scalable layer 2 solutions on top of Bitcoin. The core innovation behind Citrea is the use of ZK proofs and the groundbreaking BitVM (Bitcoin Virtual Machine) primitive to create a trust-minimized bridge between Bitcoin's base layer and the Citrea rollup. Orkun goes into the technical depths of how BitVM works, allowing off-chain virtual machine computations to be proven valid on Bitcoin's blockchain through an interactive fraud proof verification game. Citrea's EVM compatibility and the plan to attract developers by tapping into Bitcoin's trillion-dollar liquidity are covered in-depth. Orkun envisions Citrea becoming a "programmable liquidity layer" enabling DeFi protocols, stablecoins, and innovative decentralized applications while inheriting Bitcoin's security and decentralization. With its comprehensive technical insights and forward-looking perspectives, this episode is for anyone interested in the future of programmable money on Bitcoin. Key Links Citrea: https://citrea.xyz Socials Orkun's Twitter Can's Twitter Tommy's Twitter Follow Delphi Digital Website: ⁠⁠https://members.delphidigital.io/home⁠⁠ Twitter: ⁠⁠https://twitter.com/Delphi_Digital⁠⁠ Youtube: ⁠⁠https://www.youtube.com/@Delphi_Digital⁠ Disclosures Disclosures: This podcast is strictly informational and educational and is not investment advice or a solicitation to buy or sell any tokens or securities or to make any financial decisions. Do not trade or invest in any project, tokens, or securities based upon this podcast episode. The host and members at Delphi Ventures may personally own tokens or art that are mentioned on the podcast. Our current show features paid sponsorships which may be featured at the start, middle, and/or the end of the episode. These sponsorships are for informational purposes only and are not a solicitation to use any product, service or token. Delphi's transparency page can be viewed ⁠⁠here⁠⁠. Keywords Bitcoin, Citrea, ZK Rollup, Scalability, BitVM, Optimistic Bridge, BTC, Programmable Liquidity, Developer Ecosystem, DeFi, Stablecoins, Decentralized Applications, Turing-Complete, Trust-Minimized, Ordinals, Taproot, SegWit, Data Compression, State Diffs, Throughput, Adoption, Ethereum, Layer 2 (L2), Chainway, --- Send in a voice message: https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/the-delphi-podcast/message

Dive into Bitcoin's 2024 technical landscape with NVK. We dissect the impact of covenants and CheckTemplateVerify (CTV) on smart contracting and scalability, analyze OP_RETURN's usage, and evaluate the Lightning Network's potential for scaling. We also ponder Layer 2's self-custody significance, tackle block spam concerns with node filters, and delve into transaction developments brought by SegWit and Taproot. Additionally, we discuss BRC20 implications and assess the Mempool's health score. IN THIS EPISODE YOU'LL LEARN: The technical intricacies and implications of implementing covenants in Bitcoin. How CheckTemplateVerify (CTV) could revolutionize smart contracting and enhance Bitcoin's scalability. The role and impact of OP_RETURN in Bitcoin transactions. Challenges and opportunities in scaling the Lightning Network. The importance of self-custody in Bitcoin's Layer 2 solutions. The advancements in transaction structures and efficiency brought by the Taproot update. Insights into the potential and challenges of BRC20 tokens or standards on the Bitcoin network. An understanding of the Mempool health score and what it indicates about the Bitcoin network's efficiency and congestion. BOOKS AND RESOURCES Link to NVK's Cold Card Hardware wallet. Link to NVK's AI website. Check out all the books mentioned and discussed in our podcast episodes here. NEW TO THE SHOW? Follow our official social media accounts: X (Twitter) | LinkedIn | | Instagram | Facebook | TikTok. Browse through all our episodes (complete with transcripts) here. Try our tool for picking stock winners and managing our portfolios: TIP Finance Tool. Enjoy exclusive perks from our favorite Apps and Services. Stay up-to-date on financial markets and investing strategies through our daily newsletter, We Study Markets. Learn how to better start, manage, and grow your business with the best business podcasts. SPONSORS Support our free podcast by supporting our sponsors: River Linkedin Marketing Solutions NetSuite Fidelity Shopify Toyota TurboTax Babbel American Express Business Gold Card Fundrise Vacasa Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Nicolas Dorier talks about the early days of BTCPay Server, activating SegWit before it was cool on NBitcoin, contributing to TumbleBit, writing a book about coding Bitcoin projects in C#, and working with colored coins.

Brandon Bucher is a Bitcoiner based in New Zealand working on several Bitcoin-related projects and an important figure in the local Kiwi Bitcoin community. We zoom out to discuss the recent high on-chain transaction fees, and what we can expect from discussions about scaling solutions moving forward. We talk about how rough consensus works for making changes to Bitcoin and what the situation was like during the period of the Blocksize Wars and SegWit activation from 2015 to 2017. Finally we discuss the importance of education and support for self-custody of bitcoin. This is our last show for 2023. It has been a big year and I want to thank everyone for listening and being part of the journey.  Connect with The Transformation of Value Follow me on twitter at ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠https://twitter.com/TTOVpodcast⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠ Nostr at: npub1uth29ygt090fe640skhc8l34d9s7xlwj4frxs2esezt7n6d64nwsqcmmmu Or send an email to hello@thetransformationofvalue.com and I will get back to you! Support this show: Bitcoin donation address: bc1qlfcr2v73tntt6wvyp2yu064egvyeery6xtwy8t Lightning donation address: ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠codyellingham@getalby.com⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠ PayNym: +steepvoice938 PayNym Code: PM8TJhcUCtSvHe69sod9pzLCBKg6GaogsMDwfGNCnL4HXyduiY9pbLpbn3oEUvuM75EeALxRVV3Mfi6kgWEBsseMki3QphE8aC5QDMNp9pUugqfz1yVc ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Geyser Fund⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠ If you send a donation please email or DM me so I can thank you! Links: Brandon Bucher on X - ⁠https://twitter.com/BTCNautilus The Blocksize War: The battle for control over Bitcoin's protocol rules - https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/57429394-the-blocksize-war Umbrel - Personal home server and OS for self-hosting - https://umbrel.com/ UTXO Consolidation Information - https://bitbox.swiss/blog/what-is-utxo-consolidation/

Le 14 novembre dernier marquait le deuxième anniversaire de l'activation de la mise à jour « Taproot » sur Bitcoin. Tout comme SegWit, Taproot compte parmi les grands soft forks majeurs du protocole, ceux qui ne se produisent qu'une fois tous les trois ou quatre ans. Encore aujourd'hui, les subtilités de cette modification technique restent parfois méconnues. Pour vous éclairer sur les tenants et aboutissants de Taproot et comprendre pourquoi cette mise à jour était importante pour Bitcoin, nous vous proposons une explication simple dans ce podcast. Bonne écoute ! (Podcast disponible à la lecture sur le Blog "Comprendre Bitcoin" de Bitstack : Comprendre la mise à jour Taproot de Bitcoin) --- Ce podcast vous est présenté par Loïc Morel pour Bitstack, la première application en France qui vous permet d'épargner en Bitcoin sans aucun effort. ---

I talk with Bitkiwi Paul about the next Bitkiwi meetup that is happening on Saturday October 28th in Auckland. We also discuss the social layer of Bitcoin in New Zealand and how it has grown enormously over the last 12 months.  This time last year I didn't really know any Bitcoiners in person, but here we are with a thriving community of Bitcoin projects, businesses, and collaborations that I am involved in, and I know there are many others out there doing the same. A lot of Proof of Work has gone into building on Bitcoin over the last few years and that is going to be important as more and more people start finding and learning about Bitcoin. Bitkiwi VII Saturday October 28th, 2pm @ Brothers Beer in Mt Eden, Auckland. Show Sponsors ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Swarbricks⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠ - New Zealand's first law firm to accept Bitcoin for legal services (https://www.swarbricks.co.nz/bitcoin) Connect with The Transformation of Value Follow me on twitter at ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠https://twitter.com/TTOVpodcast⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠ Nostr at: npub1uth29ygt090fe640skhc8l34d9s7xlwj4frxs2esezt7n6d64nwsqcmmmu Or send an email to hello@thetransformationofvalue.com and I will get back to you! Support this show: Bitcoin donation address: bc1qlfcr2v73tntt6wvyp2yu064egvyeery6xtwy8t Lightning donation address: ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠codyellingham@getalby.com⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠ PayNym: +steepvoice938 PayNym Code: PM8TJhcUCtSvHe69sod9pzLCBKg6GaogsMDwfGNCnL4HXyduiY9pbLpbn3oEUvuM75EeALxRVV3Mfi6kgWEBsseMki3QphE8aC5QDMNp9pUugqfz1yVc ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Geyser Fund⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠ If you send a donation please email or DM me so I can thank you! Links: Bitkiwi Paul on Twitter - ⁠https://twitter.com/Bitkiwi1 The Use of Knowledge in Society by Friedrich A. Hayek - https://www.econlib.org/library/Essays/hykKnw.html King, Warrior, Magician, Lover: Rediscovering the Archetypes of the Mature Masculine - https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/91781.King_Warrior_Magician_Lover Swiss Bitcoin Pay - https://swiss-bitcoin-pay.ch/ Accept bitcoin NZ - https://acceptbitcoin.nz/ Kiwi Bitcoin Guide - https://kiwibitcoinguide.org/ Litecoin Adoption of Segwit before Bitcoin as a proof of concept - https://www.coindesk.com/markets/2017/05/10/litecoin-successfully-activates-segwit/ The Blocksize War by Jonathan Bier - https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/57429394-the-blocksize-war The Death of Money by James Rickards - https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/18114198-the-death-of-money The Internet of Money by Andreas M. Antonopoulos - https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/31869077-the-internet-of-money

So, here's my Top 100 snippets of knowledge for blockchain: Blockchains use public key methods to integrate digital trust. Bob signs for a transaction with his private key, and Alice proves this with Bob's public key. The first usable public key method was RSA — and created by Rivest, Shamir and Adleman. It was first published in 1979 and defined in the RSA patent entitled “Cryptographic Communications System and Method”. Blockchains can either be permissioned (requiring rights to access the blockchain) or permissionless (open to anyone to use). Bitcoin and Ethereum are the two most popular permissionless blockchains, and Hyperledger is the most popular permissioned ledger. Ralph Merkle — the boy genius — submitted a patent on 5 Sept 1979 and which outlined the Merkle hash. This is used to create a block hash. Ralph Merkle's PhD supervisor was Martin Hellman (famous as the co-creator of the Diffie-Hellman method). David Chaum is considered as founders of electronic payments, and, in 1983, created ECASH, along with publishing a paper on “Blind signatures for untraceable payments”. Miners gather transactions on a regular basis, and these are added to a block and where each block has a Merkle hash. The first block on a blockchain does not have any previous blocks — and is named the genesis block. Blocks are bound in a chain, and where the previous, current and next block hashes are bound into the block. This makes the transactions in the block immutable. Satoshi Nakamoto worked with Hal Finney on the first versions of Bitcoin, and which were created for a Microsoft Windows environment. Craig Steven Wright has claimed that he is Satoshi Nakamoto, but this claim has never been verified. Most blockchains use elliptic curve cryptography — a method which was created independently by Neal Koblitz and Victor S. Miller in 1985. Elliptic curve cryptography algorithms did not take off until 2004. Satoshi selected the secp256k1 curve for Bitcoin, and which gives the equivalent of 128-bit security. The secp256k1 curve uses the mapping of y²=x³ + 7 (mod p), and is known as a Short Weierstrass (“Vier-strass”) curve. The prime number used with secp256k1 is ²²⁵⁶−²³²−²⁹−²⁸−²⁷−²⁶−²⁴−1. Satoshi published a 9-page paper entitled “Bitcoin: A Peer-to-Peer Electronic Cash System” White Paper on 31 Oct 31, 2008. In 1997, Adam Black introduce the concept of Proof of Work of Hashcash in a paper entitled, “Hashcash — a denial of service countermeasure.” This work was used by Satoshi in his whitepaper. Satoshi focused on: a decentralized system, and a consensus model and addressed areas of double-spend, Sybil attacks and Eve-in-the-middle. The Sybil attack is where an adversary can take over the general consensus of a network — and leads to a 51% attack, and where the adversary manages to control 51% or more of the consensus infrastructure. Satoshi used UK spelling in his correspondence, such as using the spelling of “honour”. The first Bitcoin block was minted on 3 Jan 2009 and contained a message of “Chancellor on brink of second bailout for banks” (the headline from The Times, as published in London on that day). On 12 Jan 2009, Satoshi sent the first Bitcoin transaction of 50 BTC to Hal Finney [here]. A new block is created every 7–10 minutes on Bitcoin. In Aug 2023, the total Bitcoin blockchain size is 502 GB. As of Aug 2023, the top three cryptocurrencies are Bitcoin, Ether, and Tether. Bitcoin has a capitalization of $512 billion, Ether with $222 billion, and Tether at $83 billion. The total cryptocurrency capitalisation is $1.17 trillion. The original block size was 1MB for Bitcoin, but recently upgraded to support a 1.5MB block — and has around 3,000 transactions. Currently the block sizes are more than 1.7MB. Bitcoin uses a gossip protocol — named the Lightning Protocol — to propagate transactions. A Bitcoin wallet is created from a random seed value. This seed value is then used to create the 256-bit secp256k1 private key. A wallet seed can be converted into a mnemonic format using BIP39, and which uses 12 common words. This is a deterministic key, and which allows the regeneration of the original key in the correct form. BIP39 allows for the conversion of the key to a number of languages, including English, French and Italian. A private key in a wallet is stored in a Wif format, and which is a Base58 version of the 256-bit private key. The main source code for the Bitcoin blockchain is held at https://github.com/bitcoin, and is known as Bitcoin core. This is used to create nodes, store coins, and transactions with other nodes on the Bitcoin network. A 256-bit private key has 115,792 billion billion billion billion billion billion billion billion different keys. A public Bitcoin ID uses Base58 and has a limited character set of ‘123456789ABCDEFGHJKLMN PQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijkmno pqrstuvwxyz', where we delete ‘0' (zero), ‘l' (lowercase ‘l'), and ‘I' (capital I) — as this can be interpreted as another character. In Bitcoin and Ethereum, a private key (x) is converted to a public key with x.G, and where G is the base point on the secp256k1 curve. An uncompressed secp256k1 public key has 512 bits and is an (x,y) point on the curve. The point starts with a “04”. A compressed secp256k1 public key only stores the x-co-ordinate value and whether the y coordinate is odd or even. It starts with a “02” if the y-co-ordinate is even, otherwise it starts with a “03”. In 1992, Eric Hughes, Timothy May, and John Gilmore set up the cypherpunk movement and defined, “We the Cypherpunks are dedicated to building anonymous systems. We are defending our privacy with cryptography, with anonymous mail forwarding systems, with digital signatures, and with electronic money.” In Ethereum, the public key is used as the identity of a user (a.G), and is defined as a hexademical value. In Bitcoin, the public ID is created from a SHA256 hash of the public key, and then a RIPEMD160 of this, and then covered to Base58. In computing the public key in ECC of a.G, we use the Montgomery multiplication method and which was created by Peter Montgomery in 1985, in a paper entitled, “Modular Multiplication without Trial Division.” Elliptic Curve methods use two basic operations: point address (P+G) and point doubling (2.P). These can be combined to provide the scalar operation of a.G. In 1999, Don Johnson Alfred Menezes published a classic paper on “The Elliptic Curve Digital Signature Algorithm (ECDSA)”. It was based on the DSA (Digital Signature Algorithm) — created by David W. Kravitz in a patent which was assigned to the US. The core signature used in Bitcoin and Ethereum is ECDSA (Elliptic Curve Digital Signature Algorithm), and which uses a random nonce for each signature. The nonce value should never repeat or be revealed. Ethereum was first conceived in 2013 by Vitalik Buterin, Gavin Wood, Charles Hoskinson, Anthony Di Iorio and Joseph Lubin. It introduced smaller blocks, an improved proof of work, and smart contracts. Bitcoin is seen as a first-generation blockchain, and Ethereum as a second-generation. These have been followed by third-generation blockchains, such as IOTA, Cardano and Polkadot — and which have improved consensus mechanisms. Bitcoin uses a consensus mechanism which is based on Proof-of-Work, and where miners focus on finding a block hash that has a number of leading “0”s. The difficulty of the mining is defined by the hashing rate. At the current time, this is around 424 million TH/s. There are around 733,000 unique Bitcoin addresses being used. Satoshi defined a reward to miners for finding the required hash. This was initially set at 50 BTC, but was set to half at regular intervals. On 11 January 2021, it dropped from 12.5 BTC to 6.2 BTC. Bitcoin currently consumes around 16.27 GWatts of power each year to produce a consensus — equivalent to the power consumed by a small country. In creating bitcoins, Satoshi created a P2PKH (Pay to Public Key Hash) address. These addresses are used to identify the wallet to be paid and links to the public key of the owner. These addresses start with a ‘1'. In order to support the sending of bitcoins to and from multiple addresses, Bitcoin was upgraded with SegWit (defined in BIP141). The wallet address then integrates the pay-to-witness public key hash (Pay to script hash — P2SH). These addresses start with a ‘3'. Ethereum uses miners to undertake work for changing a state and running a smart contract. They are paid in “gas” or Ether and which relates to the amount of computation conducted. This limits denial of service attacks on the network and focuses developers on creating efficient code. Ethereum supports the creation of cryptocurrency assets with ERC20 tokens — and which are FT (Fungible Tokens). For normal crypto tokens (ERC-20) we use, there is a finite number of these, and each of these is the same. Ethereum creates NFTs (Non-Fungible Tokens) with ERC721 tokens. We mint these each time and each is unique. Solidity is the programming language used in Ethereum, while Hyperledger can use Golang, Node.js and Java. For Ethereum, we compile Solidity code into EVM (Ethereum Virtual Machine) code. This is executed on the blockchain. Blockchain uses the SHA-256 hash for transaction integrity. Ethereum uses the Keccak hash is used to define the integrity of a transaction. This is based on SHA-3, and differs slightly from Keccak. The Keccak hash family uses a sponge function and was created by Guido Bertoni, Joan Daemen, Michaël Peeters, and Gilles Van Assche, and standardized by NIST in August 2015 as SHA-3. The DAO is a decentralized autonomous organization (DAO) for the Ethereum blockchain and was launched in 2016. In 2016, DAO raised $150 million through a token sale but was hacked and funds were stolen. This resulted in a forking of the blockchain: Ethereum and Ethereum Classic. Non-interactive Zero Knowledge Proofs (NI-ZKP) allow an entity to prove that they have knowledge of something — without revealing it. A typical secret is the ownership of a private key. NI-ZKPs involve a prover (Peggy), a verifier (Victor) and a witness (Wendy) and were first defined by Manuel Blum, Paul Feldman, and Silvio Micali in their paper entitled, “Non-interactive zero-knowledge and its applications”. Popular ZKP methods include ZK-SNARKs (Zero-Knowledge Succinct Non-Interactive Argument of Knowledge) and ZK-STARKs (Zero-Knowledge Scalable Transparent Argument of Knowledge). Bitcoin and Ethereum are pseudo-anonymised, and where the sender and recipient of a transaction, and its value, can be traced. Privacy coins enable anonymous transactions. These include Zcash and Monero. In 1992, David Chaum and Torben Pryds Pedersen published “Wallet databases with observers,” and outlined a method of shielding the details of a monetary transaction. In 1992, Adi Shamir (the “S” in RSA) published a paper on “How to share a secret” in the Communications of the ACM. This supported the splitting of a secret into a number of shares (n) and where a threshold value (t) could be defined for the minimum number of shares that need to be brought back together to reveal the secret. These are known as Shamir Secret Shares (SSS). In 1991, Torbin P Pedersen published a paper entitled “Non-interactive and information-theoretic secure verifiable secret sharing” — and which is now known as Pedersen Commitment. This is where we produce our commitment and then show the message that matches the commitment. Distributed Key Generation (DKG) methods allow a private key to be shared by a number of trusted nodes. These nodes can then sign for a part of the ECDSA signature by producing a partial signature with these shares of the key. Not all blockchains use ECDSA. The IOTA blockchain uses the EdDSA signature, and which uses Curve 25519. This is a more lightweight signature version, and has better support for signature aggregation. It uses Twisted Edwards Curves. The core signing method used in EdDSA is based on the Schnorr signature scheme and which was created by Claus Schnorr in 1989. This was patented as, a “Method for identifying subscribers and for generating and verifying electronic signatures in a data exchange system”. The patent ran out in 2008. Curve 25519 uses the prime number of ²²⁵⁵-19 and was created by Daniel J. Bernstein. Peter Shor defined that elliptic curve methods can be broken with quantum computers. To overcome the cracking of the ECDSA signature from quantum computers, NIST are standardising a number of methods. At present, this focuses on CRYSTALS-Dilithium, and which is a lattice cryptography method. Bulletproofs were created in 2017 by Stanford's Applied Cryptography Group (ACG). They define a zero-knowledge proof as where a value can be checked to see it lies within a given range. The name of “bulletproofs” is defined as they are short, like a bullet, and with bulletproof security assumptions. While Bitcoin can take up to 7–10 minutes to mine a new block and create a consensus, newer blockchains, such as IOTA, can give an almost instantaneous consensus. Banks around the world are investigating CBDC (Central Bank Digital Currency) and which is not a cryptocurrency but a way to quickly define a consensus on a transaction. Homomorphic encryption methods allow for the processing of encrypted values using arithmetic operations. A public key is used to encrypt the data, and which can then be processed using an arithmetic circuit on the encrypted data. The owner of the associated private key can then decrypt the result. Some traditional public key methods enable partial homomorphic encryption. RSA and ElGamal allow for multiplication and division, whilst Pailier allows for homomorphic addition and subtraction. Full homomorphic encryption (FHE) supports all of the arithmetic operations and includes Fan-Vercauteren (FV) and BFV (Brakerski/Fan-Vercauteren) for integer operations and HEAAN (Homomorphic Encryption for Arithmetic of Approximate Numbers) for floating point operations. Most of the Full Homomorphic encryption methods use lattice cryptography. Some blockchain applications use Barreto-Lynn-Scott (BLS) curves which are pairing friendly. They can be used to implement Bilinear groups and which are a triplet of groups (G1, G2 and GT), so that we can implement a function e() such that e(g1^x,g2^y)=gT^{xy}. Pairing-based cryptography is used in ZKPs. The main BLS curves used are BLS12–381, BLS12–446, BLS12–455, BLS12–638 and BLS24–477. An accumulator can be used for zero-knowledge proof of knowledge, such as using a BLS curve to create to add and remove proof of knowledge. Open Zeppelin is an open-source Solidity library that supports a wide range of functions that integrate into smart contracts in Ethereum. This includes AES encryption, Base64 integration and Elliptic Curve operations. Metamask is one of the most widely used blockchain wallets and can integrate into many blockchains. Most wallets generate the seed from the operating system and where the browser can use the Crypto.getRandomValues function, and compatible with most browsers. Solidity programs can be compiled with Remix at remix.ethereum.org. The main Ethereum network is Ethereum Mainnet. We can test smart contracts on Ethereum test networks. Current networks include sepolia.etherscan.io and goerli.net. Ether can be mined for test applications from a faucet, such as faucet.metamask.io. This normally requires some proof of work to gain the Ether — in order to protect against a Denial of Service against the Faucet. The private key can be revealed from two ECDSA signatures which use the same random nonce value. Polkadot is a blockchain which allows blockchains to exchange messages and perform transactions. The proof of work method of creating is now not preference because of the energy that it typically uses. Many systems now focus on proof of stack (PoS). A time-lock puzzle/Proof of Work involves performing a computing task which has a given cost and which cannot be cheated again. This typically involves continual hashing or continual squaring. The Chia blockchain network uses both Proof of Space (PoS) and Proof of Time (PoT). The PoS method makes use of the under-allocation of hard-disk space. With a Verifiable Delay Function (VDF), we can prove that a given amount of work has been done by a prover (Peggy). A verifier (Victor) can then send the prover a proof value and compute a result which verifies the work has been done, with the verifier not needing to do the work but can still prove the work has been done. A Physical Unclonable Functions (PUFs) is a one-way function which creates a unique signature pattern based on the inherent delays within the wireless and transistors. This can be used to link a device to an NFT. In Blockchain applications, we can use Non-interactive zero-knowledge (NIZK) proofs for the equality (EQ) of discrete logarithms (DL) — DLEQ. With this — in discrete logarithms — we have

Episode 194 - Blockzeit 801553 - von und mit Quillie, Dennis, El Bitcoin Ambassador, Molo und PaddePadde Intro: Video von cryptograffiti Worldcoin says will allow companies, governments to use its ID system Worldcoin suspended in Kenya as thousands queue for free money Coinbase-Verantwortlicher für die Einführung von Lightning glaubt “Segwit” und “Taproot” waren Hardforks Bitcoin im Bundestag Bitcoin for Fairness Kreditrating der USA von AAA auf AA+ herabgestuft KPMG hat sich in Bitcoin verliebt Softwar Aufregung Oskar Hassel sitzt vor der EZB für 21 Tage Einundzwanzig search bot auf nostr Sommerfest in der Heide am 5.8. Vexl – P2P Handels-App BTC23 Infos bei Plebs Taverne Adopting Bitcoin findet vom 26.-28 Januar 2024 in Capetown statt Einundzwanzig Heilbronn meldet Lightning Zoo FairTalk: SACKGASSE DEMOKRATIE Let's Color the World Orange (BTC Prague 2023 Keynote) Plebs Taverne - BTC23 mit Peter & Lukas Sponsoren und Freunde BitBox02 Bitcoin-only Edition - 5% Rabatt für die Einundzwanzig Community mit Code “einundzwanzig” — 10% für 10 BitBoxes mit Code “einundzwanzig10”. Stack Deine Sats mit Pocket Bitcoin. Einundzwanzig Merch bei Copiaro. Bei ShopinBit kannst du über 800.000 Produkte mit Bitcoin kaufen. Weitere Links Besuche unsere Website und diskutiere mit, in unserer Telegram-Community. Verfolge die neusten Schlagzeilen im Newsfeed. Die Community-Tutorials auf YouTube. Lass uns einen Shoutout da.

A brief history of the brief history of ordinal inscriptions (https://insights.glassnode.com/the-week-onchain-week-07-2023) on bitcoin from glassnode Another introduction to ordinals (https://blog.bitgo.com/the-rise-of-ordinal-inscriptions-dbe7cb0336c6) from crypto company Bitgo Bitcoin developer Andrew Poelstra on why banning arbitrary data (https://lists.linuxfoundation.org/pipermail/bitcoin-dev/2023-January/021372.html) from the bitcoin blockchain isn't feasible The Ordinal docs (https://docs.ordinals.com) The introductory doc to BRC-20 (https://domo-2.gitbook.io/brc-20-experiment) experiment which uses ordinals to create altcoins on bitcoin Brandon Black's github (https://github.com/brandonblack)

I'm joined by guests JamesOB, Greg, Ben Carman and Rijndael to discuss OP_VAULT. Discussion Topics 00:01:26 Introductions 00:02:35 Primer on OP_VAULT 00:08:37 How is CHECKTEMPLATEVERIFY achieved? 00:13:12 Fee issues on CTV 00:15:20 How has the proposal evolved? 00:17:32 Simplification of OP_VAULT proposal 00:21:34 Script libraries and CTV templates 00:23:52 OP_VAULT criticisms 00:34:22 Do we need OP_VAULT? Why change Bitcoin? 00:36:44 OP_VAULT Opsec 00:43:30 Cancel paths 00:47:30 Why do OP_VAULT along with CTV? 00:49:57 OP_VAULT + ANYPREVOUT 00:50:28 Blockspace concerns 00:52:41 Use in chaumian mints/ecash 00:53:25 Managing security between L1 & L2 00:56:56 Vaults & DLCs 00:59:10 How do we activate OP_VAULT? 01:02:43 Is there enough interest to do the work? 01:04:05 Investment insurance concerns 01:08:56 Now really, how do we activate OP_VAULT?? 01:13:01 Taproot & Segwit complexity VS OP_VAULT 01:16:33 OP_VAULT product market fit 01:18:47 Recursiveness of OP_VAULT 01:19:53 OP_VAULT main selling points 01:26:04 Multisig, OP_VAULT and improving HODL features 01:32:14 Final thoughts Links & Contacts Website: https://bitcoin.review/Podcast Twitter: https://twitter.com/bitcoinreviewhq NVK Twitter: https://twitter.com/nvk Telegram: https://t.me/BitcoinReviewPod Email: producer@coinkite.com Nostr & LN:⚡nvk@nvk.org (not an email!) Full show notes: https://bitcoin.review/podcast/episode-33/

In this episode of Bitcoin, Explained, Aaron and Sjors discuss multi-signature (multisig), and the various ways that Bitcoin enables multisig; from bare multisig, to P2SH, SegWit, Taproot, and finally Musig, as well as some potential future solutions. Episode Sponsor: https://voltage.cloud/ Sjors New Book: https://www.amazon.com/Bitcoin-Technical-innovations-Sjors-Provoost/dp/9090360425 Don't miss out on the biggest Bitcoin event of the year! B23 in Miami is coming up fast, get your tickets now! Lower your time preference and lock-in your BITCOIN 2023 conference tickets today! Use the code BMLIVE for a 10% Discount! - https://b.tc/conference/2023

I'm joined by guests Andrew Poelstra and Adam Gibson to discuss SegWit and related issues including taproot, schnoor, inscriptions and the witness discount. Discussion Topics: 00:02:14 Introductions to guests 00:05:06 Introductions to episode 00:06:12 bech32 00:15:46 The malleability problem 00:22:23 Mental model for understanding malleability 00:26:16 Primer on SegWit 00:36:23 Why does witness data have a discount? 00:42:40 What is sighash? 00:46:55 How is the weight calculated? 00:53:19 Inputs and outputs 00:58:41 Importance of the UTXO set 01:02:45 Block size considerations 01:04:13 Calculating the witness data discount 01:09:00 Introduction to Taproot and Schnoor 01:11:08 Schnoor signatures 01:21:01 Taproot 01:36:59 Taproot use cases 01:40:31 Timelocks, covenants and OP_VAULT 01:44:44 Taproot + lightning 01:47:17 Ordinals and inscriptions 02:06:40 References 02:09:11 Final thoughts Links & Contacts: Website: https://bitcoin.review/Podcast Twitter: https://twitter.com/bitcoinreviewhq NVK Twitter: https://twitter.com/nvk Telegram: https://t.me/BitcoinReviewPod Email: producer@coinkite.com Nostr & LN:⚡nvk@nvk.org (not an email!) Full show notes: https://bitcoin.review/podcast/episode-29/

Sorpresona! Trovati vuoti i cold wallet di The Rock Trading! Dove saranno finiti i BTC dei clienti? Not your keys not your coin!Inoltre: lo sapete che il mantra dei 21 milioni di bitcoin è falso? E che la scommessa di Balaji è una panzana irrealizzabile? E che anche se Bitcoin sembra minare blocchi mezzi vuoti in realtà tutti i blocchi sono sempre pieni?Siete pronti a una puntata rivelatoria?It's showtime!

Rob Hamilton is a co-founder and the CEO of AnchorWatch. In this interview, we discuss ordinals and ordinal inscriptions: what they are, how they work, what risks and benefits do they present to Bitcoin, how would we mitigate negative impacts, and how the rest of the ecosystem is responding. - - - - Bitcoin's use cases grow every year. A new version of money. An international payments rail. A tool to build out stranded energy, mitigate methane emissions and stabilise energy grids. And now, a decentralized immutable repository for images, audio, video and code. Ordinal inscriptions have been popularised as Bitcoin's answer to NFTs, but that framing significantly underplays the opportunities and threats of this burgeoning functionality. Ordinal inscriptions have been made possible via a series of Bitcoin upgrades going back to SegWit, and additional software, the Ordinal protocol, developed by Bitcoiner Casey Rodarmor. Rodarmor's motivation was to make Bitcoin fun. But it has sparked a fierce debate about the nature and purpose of Bitcoin. In short, if Bitcoin is the new version of money, should all other uses that impact this primary use case be excised? Philosophically, can a decentralized anarchic system without a fixed mission statement have rules of use beyond what is technically possible? Or, does the hard-won trajectory for Bitcoin that emerged from the blocksize wars set a clear enough ideology of what Bitcoin is and isn't? Whilst technically, what can actually be done to counter the ordinal impact? Will this require another fork, or are there softer mitigations? And what will be the cost to the network of such changes? The flip side to this debate is the positive impact ordinal inscriptions are having on Bitcoin transactions. Miners are at last seeing a use case that is, at last, bringing value to transaction verification. Whilst it is leading to questions about the blockchain being bloated is this actually a good thing in that it accelerates the market determination of true transaction value on the base layer? Whatever the outcome will be, such discourse is a natural consequence of having a decentralized network without any rulers. Vigorous and healthy debates have galvanised and strengthened the Bitcoin protocol since its inception. Long may it continue.

“Bitcoin exists. Any sort of moralistic lens of perspectives of what it should be doing is a conversation, but Bitcoin works as this anarchic system where there's no one in control, and everyone gets to use it however they want; and if people can't do that the project fails.”— Rob HamiltonRob Hamilton is a co-founder and the CEO of AnchorWatch. In this interview, we discuss ordinals and ordinal inscriptions: what they are, how they work, what risks and benefits do they present to Bitcoin, how would we mitigate negative impacts, and how the rest of the ecosystem is responding. - - - - Bitcoin's use cases grow every year. A new version of money. An international payments rail. A tool to build out stranded energy, mitigate methane emissions and stabilise energy grids. And now, a decentralized immutable repository for images, audio, video and code. Ordinal inscriptions have been popularised as Bitcoin's answer to NFTs, but that framing significantly underplays the opportunities and threats of this burgeoning functionality. Ordinal inscriptions have been made possible via a series of Bitcoin upgrades going back to SegWit, and additional software, the Ordinal protocol, developed by Bitcoiner Casey Rodarmor. Rodarmor's motivation was to make Bitcoin fun. But it has sparked a fierce debate about the nature and purpose of Bitcoin. In short, if Bitcoin is the new version of money, should all other uses that impact this primary use case be excised? Philosophically, can a decentralized anarchic system without a fixed mission statement have rules of use beyond what is technically possible? Or, does the hard-won trajectory for Bitcoin that emerged from the blocksize wars set a clear enough ideology of what Bitcoin is and isn't? Whilst technically, what can actually be done to counter the ordinal impact? Will this require another fork, or are there softer mitigations? And what will be the cost to the network of such changes?The flip side to this debate is the positive impact ordinal inscriptions are having on Bitcoin transactions. Miners are at last seeing a use case that is, at last, bringing value to transaction verification. Whilst it is leading to questions about the blockchain being bloated is this actually a good thing in that it accelerates the market determination of true transaction value on the base layer? Whatever the outcome will be, such discourse is a natural consequence of having a decentralized network without any rulers. Vigorous and healthy debates have galvanised and strengthened the Bitcoin protocol since its inception. Long may it continue. - - - - This episode's sponsors:Gemini - Buy Bitcoin instantlyLedn - Financial services for Bitcoin hodlersBitcasino - The Future of Gaming is hereLedger - State of the art Bitcoin hardware walletCasa - The leading provider of Bitcoin multisig key securityWasabi Wallet - Privacy by default-----WBD624 - Show Notes-----If you enjoy The What Bitcoin Did Podcast you can help support the show by doing the following:Become a Patron and get access to shows early or help contributeMake a tip:Bitcoin: 3FiC6w7eb3dkcaNHMAnj39ANTAkv8Ufi2SQR Codes: BitcoinIf you do send a tip then please email me so that I can say thank youSubscribe on iTunes | Spotify | Stitcher | SoundCloud | YouTube | Deezer | TuneIn | RSS FeedLeave a review on iTunesShare the show and episodes with your friends and familySubscribe to the newsletter on my websiteFollow me on Twitter Personal | Twitter Podcast | Instagram | Medium | YouTubeIf you are interested in sponsoring the show, you can read more about that here or please feel free to drop me an email to discuss options.

Comentamos alguns temas da semana e aproveitamos a calmaria para tirar dúvidas ao vivo pelo supersats. 00:00 Sala de espera 13:14 Big Brother video by TIP_NZ 18:36 Comunidade preocupada com o tempo para que os blocos sejam enchidos depois do Segwit e a demanda pelo espaço em bloco - A consolidação da segunda camada e do mercado de taxas 27:20 Bitcoin não é somente uma rede financeira - Blockchain, armazenamento de dados, exploração de blocos e ruídos 39:02 A exploração do espaço vazio nos blocos - um novo chão de taxas 44:51 Devemos censurar a Timechain por conta de quem está explorando os blocos com NFTs? - O que acontecerá quando as taxas estiverem mais altas para colocar informações na Timechain? 50:20 As transações estão atualmente mais caras? - Os usos interessantes dos espaços ociosos na Timechain 52:57 Por que eu usaria Taro sabendo que preciso da confiança do emissor? - Ocasiões específicas para usar Taro e conversa sobre Stablecoins 01:02:15 A Taro coloca em risco o que hoje é posto na Blockchain? 01:04:02 Ordinals é melhor do que Taro? - Ética e boas práticas do Bitcoin 01:14:26 É normal uma transação que fiz e depois mudei sua taxa sumir? - Configure sua carteira para suas transações serem aceitas na rede 01:20:22 Tudo o que é grátis deveria estar dentro da Timechain? 01:21:55 Wallet Lightning custodial ou investir em um node próprio? 01:28:45 Não perca hoje no canal Humberto Leal a participação do Raicher ________________ APOIE O CANAL https://bitcoinheiros.com/apoie/ ⚡ln@pay.bitcoinheiros.com Loja dos Bitcoinheiros https://loja.bitcoinheiros.com/ Escute no Fountain Podcasts (https://fountain.fm/join-fountain) para receber e enviar satoshinhos no modelo Value4Value SIGA OS BITCOINHEIROS: Site: https://www.bitcoinheiros.com Youtube: https://www.youtube.com/bitcoinheiros Twitter: https://www.twitter.com/bitcoinheiros Allan - https://www.twitter.com/allanraicher Dov - https://twitter.com/bitdov Becas - https://twitter.com/bksbk6 Ivan - https://twitter.com/bitofsilence Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/bitcoinheiros Facebook: https://www.fb.com/bitcoinheiros Podcast: https://anchor.fm/bitcoinheiros COMO GUARDAR SEUS BITCOINS? Bitcoinheiros recomendam o uso de carteiras Multisig com Hardware Wallets de diferentes fabricantes ou próprias. Para ver as carteiras de hardware que recomendamos, acesse https://www.bitcoinheiros.com/carteiras Veja os descontos e clique nos links de afiliados para ajudar o canal Por exemplo, para a COLDCARD - https://store.coinkite.com/promo/bitcoinheiros Com o código "bitcoinheiros" você ganha 5% de desconto na ColdCard Playlist "Canivete Suíço Bitcoinheiro" https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLgcVYwONyxmg-KH5bwzMU4sdyMbVMPqwb Playlist "Carteiras Multisig de Bitcoin" --- Send in a voice message: https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/bitcoinheiros/message

Conversamos sobre preço, bear market e expectativas nesse sentido... Até que batemos em um assunto polêmico que dominou a LIVE até a sua conclusão: a importância da vigília constante dos repositórios das implementações do protocolo Bitcoin, em especial a Bitcoin Core. Impasses contribuem para a estabilidade no longo prazo. 00:00 Sala de espera 04:47 A Grande Resistência - A estória do Bitcoin video by tip_nz e traduzido by Imperativo Moral 10:55 Introdução - bloco 766438 12:47 Um milagre para quem está entrando no bitcoin agora ou apenas uma manipulação coordenada no seu preço? 16:32 Quanto tempo durará o Bear market e quais serão as novas surpresas do mercado após queda da FTX? 21:15 O próximo Halving do bitcoin como divisor de águas e criador de um novo mercado 22:08 A depressão do bitcoin conectado ao mercado financeiro global e a expectativa futura 28:36 A importância de fazer DCA - O que esperar do futuro no mercado de criptomoedas e bitcoin? 34:30 É perigoso ou tendencioso para a rede ter iniciativas e bolsas para desenvolvedores Bitcoin Core? 43:59 O que é a função full-rbf, como funciona e para quê serve? 51:15 Full-rbf: Incentivos, vantagens, desvantagens, dúvidas e instabilidade na rede 01:01:45 Interesses Lightning não podem afetar o Bitcoin Core e os riscos do full-rbf para a rede 01:06:18 Movimentos para mudar o núcleo do Bitcoin e as preocupações com o futuro da cultura Bitcoin 01:12:27 Quais são as chances da rede ser segregada por meio do full-rbf e os incentivos são semelhantes ao SegWit? 01:22:45 Quais deveriam ser as funções e preocupações dos desenvolvedores Bitcoin Core? 01:27:30 A importância do Bear market para o Bitcoin ________________ APOIE O CANAL https://bitcoinheiros.com/apoie/ ⚡ln@pay.bitcoinheiros.com Loja dos Bitcoinheiros https://loja.bitcoinheiros.com/ SIGA OS BITCOINHEIROS: Site: https://www.bitcoinheiros.com Youtube: https://www.youtube.com/bitcoinheiros Twitter: https://www.twitter.com/bitcoinheiros Allan - https://www.twitter.com/allanraicher Dov - https://twitter.com/bitdov Becas - https://twitter.com/bksbk6 Ivan - https://twitter.com/bitofsilence Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/bitcoinheiros Facebook: https://www.fb.com/bitcoinheiros Podcast: https://anchor.fm/bitcoinheiros COMO GUARDAR SEUS BITCOINS? Bitcoinheiros recomendam o uso de carteiras Multisig com Hardware Wallets de diferentes fabricantes ou próprias. Para ver as carteiras de hardware que recomendamos, acesse https://www.bitcoinheiros.com/carteiras Veja os descontos e clique nos links de afiliados para ajudar o canal Por exemplo, para a COLDCARD - https://store.coinkite.com/promo/bitcoinheiros Com o código "bitcoinheiros" você ganha 5% de desconto na ColdCard Playlist "Canivete Suíço Bitcoinheiro"

In this episode of Bitcoin, Explained, hosts Aaron van Wirdum and Sjors Provoost discuss a recent bug in the btcd Bitcoin implementation that affected a large part of the Lightning network, as it disconnected lnd Lightning nodes from the Bitcoin blockchain.   In the episode, Aaron and Sjors explain that a developer going by the name Burak on Twitter created a 998-of-999 multisig transaction by leveraging Taproot. Although this was a valid transaction, btcd and lnd nodes rejected it, and therefore rejected the block that included the transaction and all blocks that came after it.   Specifically, Sjors explains, btcd rejected the transaction because it has a maximum limit on how much witness data a Segwit transaction can include. Although other Bitcoin implementations do enforce this limit on Segwit version 0 transactions, Segwit version 1 (that is, Taproot) transactions have no such limit.   Still, it is a bit unclear why this bug in btcd seemingly also affected many lnd Lightning nodes which use Bitcoin Core rather than btcd to validate blocks. In the second half of the episode, Sjors speculates how the two may be connected.   Finally, Aaron and Sjors explain how the Lightning Network is affected when Lightning nodes reject the Bitcoin blockchain.   Lower your time preference and lock-in your BITCOIN 2023 conference tickets today! Use the code BMLIVE for a 10% Discount!  https://b.tc/conference/2023 Use promocode: BMLIVE for 10% off everything in our store! https://store.bitcoinmagazine.com/

Today Will speaks with Ethan Vera, the co-founder and COO of Luxor Mining, Viridi Funds, and Hashrate Index. Prior to crypto mining, he was a banker at Goldman Sachs. In mid summer 2018, Ethan helped build a mining colocation company that hosted a few thousand ASICs, utilizing 4 megawatts of power. This episode covers Bitcoin in El Salvador, the Chinese Invasion in Taiwan, tools for Bitcoin miners, and so much more. Listen to learn more! TIMESTAMPS: 0:00-0:38 - Introduction 0:39-1:05 - What's new with Luxor 1:06-3:07 - How is the Hashrate product 3:08-5:02 - Products miners can utilize 5:03-6:58 - Ethan's views of the liquid marketplace around Hashrate 6:59-9:32 - Taproot and Segwit 9:33-12:27 - What is Ethan excited about? 12:28-15:07 - Proof of work vs Proof of stake 15:08-16:34 - How is the approach of El Salvador on Bitcoin actually working? 16:35-18:41- How is currency transferred in El Salvador? 18:42-24:43 - Tornado cash, privacy risks, and the government 24:44-26:59 - What regulations would Ethan have if he had a choice? 27:00-33:40 - Bitcoin vs Ethereum debate and energy use 33:41-38:04 - The Chinese invasion of Taiwan 38:05-39:58 - Ramifications of renewable energy in the USA 39:59-42:53 - A win for Bitcoin WHERE TO FIND THE SHOW: → Website: https://www.podcasts.sazmining.com → Apple Podcasts: https://www.podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/everything-crypto-mining-the-sazmining-podcast/id1533055103 → Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/show/7rldZMBuf447UHaWyV1UtV?si=SqsAW1aESNiiSbHwWSL8oQ&dl_branch=1 → YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCt0_Ymrq6PVZcNZP_Thvb2w CATCH UP ON THE EPISODES: → Season One: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLCcctgrDmFCN7aFLZkPRd20fNJbflXxZK → Season Two: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLCcctgrDmFCN1gX3R1uKL2bqTI-uUzTd7 SUPPORT THE SHOW: → Have an idea for a guest? Email Us: Podcast@Sazmining.com FOLLOW US: → Twitter: https://www.twitter.com/sazmining → LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/company/sazmining-inc/ → YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCt0_Ymrq6PVZcNZP_Thvb2w → Website: https://www.sazmining.com --- Support this podcast: https://anchor.fm/sazmining/support

É quarta-feira, 4:20, hora de entrar AO VIVO com os @bitcoinheiros para fazer perguntas e conversar sobre os temas da semana no Bitcoin. Acesse o supersats.bitcoinheiros.com para enviar suas perguntas pela rede relâmpago! 00:00 Sala de espera 10:00 Vídeo "Efeito Cantillon: o maior roubo da história" 12:33 Introdução 12:59 Não perca a entrevista de amanhã com a Área Bitcoin, imperdível! 14:20 Existem produtores de conteúdo cripto que viraram bitcoinheiros? 18:15 Cinco anos desde o Segwit e a guerra dos blocos no Bitcoin, mas o que foi e qual era o motivo? 27:33 Existem produtores de conteúdo português bitcoinheiro? 29:09 Michael Saylor está deixando o cargo de CEO para tornar-se executivo, isso é sinal de alerta para o mercado de Bitcoin? 33:34 Quer rodar seu próprio node? Assista os tutoriais dos Bitcoinheiros 34:11 Como será o Bitcoin para usuários comuns no futuro? 39:14 O bitcoin é a aposta do século, por isso não posso ficar fora? 45:44 Bug da Solana faz 9 mil carteiras serem drenadas 46:00 Setup ColdWallet com Passphrase no Tails com Iancoleman's, e X-PUB na Blue Wallet, é bom? ________________ APOIE O CANAL https://bitcoinheiros.com/apoie/ ⚡ln@pay.bitcoinheiros.com Loja dos Bitcoinheiros https://loja.bitcoinheiros.com/ SIGA OS BITCOINHEIROS: Site: https://www.bitcoinheiros.com Youtube: https://www.youtube.com/bitcoinheiros Twitter: https://www.twitter.com/bitcoinheiros Allan - https://www.twitter.com/allanraicher Dov - https://twitter.com/bitdov Becas - https://twitter.com/bksbk6 Ivan - https://twitter.com/bitofsilence Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/bitcoinheiros Facebook: https://www.fb.com/bitcoinheiros Podcast: https://anchor.fm/bitcoinheiros APOIE O CANAL: - Dê uma gorjeta em Bitcoin: https://bitcoinheiros.com/apoie/ - Inscreva-se no canal - Deixe seu comentário no vídeo - Dê um like no vídeo - Compartilhe o vídeo e o canal com amigos e familiares na sua rede social - Envie um email com seu comentário e sugestões: bitcoinheiros@protonmail.com COMO GUARDAR SEUS BITCOINS? Bitcoinheiros recomendam o uso de carteiras Multisig com Hardware Wallets de diferentes fabricantes. Busque por "canivete bitcoinheiro" em nosso canal para saber mais. - COLDCARD - https://store.coinkite.com/promo/bitcoinheiros (use o código bitcoinheiros para ganhar 5% de desconto) - TREZOR E BITBOX02 PARA RESIDENTES NO BRASIL E AMÉRICA DO SUL Revendedor oficial: https://www.kriptobr.com/?afiliado=1288 Acesse com nosso link acima para ajudar o canal! ;) - TREZOR PARA RESIDENTES EM OUTROS PAÍSES https://shop.trezor.io/product/trezor-model-t?offer_id=15&aff_id=3722 ISENÇÃO D --- Send in a voice message: https://anchor.fm/bitcoinheiros/message

John Carvalho, Bitcoin OG and founder of Synonym joins me to cover "Unpopular Opinions" in Bitcoin. Including: - There are no free markets - Bitcoin is not divisible - All scaling debases someone - Reverse Cantillon Effect - Hard forks VS soft forks - Raising the block size limit - Segwit & Taproot John has a knack for challenging people's ideas and this is one of those shows. You're going to learn alot. Follow John's work at: @BitcoinErrorLog @Synonym_to https://synonym.to ____________________________________ Thanks again for listening. Subscribe on Fountain, YouTube, Anchor, Spotify, iTunes, etc: https://play.fountain.fm/show/KGEglVpdWo4zXQWR3X7G https://anchor.fm/wakeuppod https://www.youtube.com/c/WakeUpPod https://rumble.com/c/c-1677935 You can follow my work at: - Linktree.com/Svetski - Twitter @GhostOfSvetski - IG @AleksSvetski - https://svetski.medium.com - https://bitcoinmagazine.com/authors/aleksandarsvetski Check out the new book: UnCommunist.com More coming soon!

[Crypto A-Z] SegWit : Segregated Witness สรุปสั้น-กระชับ-เข้าใจง่าย ไปกับ อาจารย์ตั๊ม พิริยะ สัมพันธารักษ์ กรรมการสมาคมสินทรัพย์ดิจิทัลไทย เรียนรู้เจาะลึก Digital Asset เพิ่มเติมได้ใน Special Series #Crypto101 https://bit.ly/3swUiKX

Postdoc Researcher Clara joins Murch to discuss their block building research. They cover their proposal, which outlines suggested improvements to the current Bitcoin Core block building algorithm using candidate sets. Murch and Clara discuss: - Building a valid block 101 (5:45) - The current getblocktemplate algorithm (11:35) - Child pays for parent (13:40) - Is there something better? (15:45) - How easy would it be to guess the next block? (27:25) - Do we have a better idea than initially mining an empty block? (29:25) - Empty blocks and SegWit (33:45) - How to improve on the candidate set algorithm e.g., linear programming (35:00) - Why should Bitcoin Core have better block building? (37:00) - How to compare different block building techniques (38:55) Thanks to Caralie for the sound engineering.

From the recent launch of Bitcoin-based exchange-traded funds in the U.S. to El Salvador's plan to raise US$1 billion through BTC bonds to fund its “Bitcoin City” property development, growing mainstream adoption of the world's original cryptocurrency is demanding increased scalability. Adam Back, a Bitcoin development veteran and CEO of blockchain technology company Blockstream, which is working in partnership with El Salvador's government on its Bitcoin-backed bond plan. says the solution lies in layer-2 networks. Layer-2 is a secondary protocol built on top of a blockchain such as the Bitcoin network or Ethereum. Mirroring the protocol evolution of the internet, layer-2 technology such as Bitcoin's Lightning and Liquid networks tackle scalability issues by moving processes off the main chain.“While it's difficult for (all) potential users of Bitcoin to directly hold it on-chain, there are different use cases that can use it in different ways,” Back told Forkast.News in a video interview. “[Layer-2] provides a different kind of section of transactional capacity-optimized for use cases.”“You can onboard more users and there's less data hitting the main chain ... it has some trade-offs, but it provides similar kinds of assurances to the main Bitcoin chain.” Back said, “It's difficult to have a single protocol that's optimal for everything.”Taproot — the last major upgrade of the Bitcoin network, which went live last November —  came four years after the SegWit soft fork, the only other big change to the network, implemented in 2017. Given the slow and irregular pace of upgrades, most Bitcoin network innovations take place on layer-2.“If you look at the internet and the base layer of the internet being TCP/IP … the TCP/IP protocol essentially hasn't changed in decades, yet there's an enormous amount of innovation on the internet. But it's happening in the layer above, or in the application layer,” Back said. “And that's considered, in engineering terms, a good way to do it, because you want the best technology to be robust.”Watch Back's full interview with Forkast.News Editor-in-Chief Angie Lau to learn more about layer-2 solutions, the “block war” between layer-2 providers, the Bitcoin Taproot upgrade and BTC's mainstream adoption.

Mario Gibney is the Community Manager at LEDN, he was formerly at Blockstream and he is also the co – host of the Unhashed Podcast. Mario sits down with Cedric to dicsuss:  - His rabbit hole story - How financial services for Bitcoin works while having to account for liquidity, collateral requirements and price volatity  - What is the UTXO set - Why were SegWit and Taproot such important upgrades to the Bitcoin Network and what do they do for it - Schnorr signatures, consensus, his favorite part of Bitcoin and so much more LEDN is a secure, simple and easy to use platform for managing and growing your digital wealth. If you want to see what it's all about and get $50 free in USDC when you take out your first LEDN loan head over to www.start.ledn.io/bitcoinmatrix The Bitcoin 2022 Conference celebrates bitcoin over 4 days (April 6-9th, 2022) with 4 different passes. The four days include Industry day, 2 days of main events and speakers, and lastly, a festival day which is a day of music and networking.  Prices will continue to rise over the next few months so get in early and use the code BitcoinMatrix for 10% off at https://b.tc/conference Make sure to subscribe, listen, learn and share The Bitcoin Matrix Podcast. Folllow Mario Gibney on twitter at @Mario_Gibney Follow LEDN at https://ledn.io/en/ Follow The Bitcoin Matrix Podcast on twitter at @DeLaBtcMatrix Follow Ced on Twitter at @CedYoungelman iTunes: tinyurl.com/bitcoinitunes YouTube: https://tinyurl.com/bitcoinonyoutube Google Podcasts: https://https://tinyurl.com/bitcoingoogle https://www.facebook.com/TheBitcoinMatrixPodcast Web: https://bitcoinmatrix.libsyn.com/ Spotify: https://tinyurl.com/bitcoinspotify

This revisits a segment we call Chaincode Decoded. In this episode, we'll learn how to say Bech32 and also what it and Bech32m are. Enjoy! Correction: The characters removed from the set are 1 B I O (2:20) Why do we need Bech32? (0:57) What is the distinction between Bech32 and native SegWit? (3:20) Why does Taproot need a new address format? (4:13) Bech32 length extension mutation weakness (11:20) - mailing list post Bech32m (12:25) - BIP350 Further resources: Pieter Wuille: New Address Type for SegWit Addresses (presentation) Sipa demo Bech32 adoption (Some of) the math behind Bech32 addresses Thanks to Caralie for the sound engineering.

After a long hiatus, we return to talk with new Chaincode member Murch and get his take on enterprise wallets and UTXO management. In this conversation, we cover: - Enterprise UTXO management (3:35) - The impact of the 2017 hype cycle (4:30) - The importance of UTXO set minimization (5:30) - The fee market today (6:44) - Batching Transactions (9:15) - Payment Batching - Consolidations (11:05) - Consolidation of 4 Million UTXOs at Xapo - Change splitting (14:10) - Replace By Fee (16:04) - RBF in the wild - Fee bumping - SegWit (21:10) - How enterprises estimate fees (25:00) - Omnibus wallets (28:05) - Off-chain sending (31:50) - Taproot (33:57) Other resources: - Bitcoin Optech Field Report: How segwit and batching could have saved half a billion dollars in fees Thanks as always to Matthew Zipkin for the sound engineering.

"This risk is probably best countered by offering enough time to upgrade. Unfortunately, not everyone agrees on how much time is enough; some think forced signaling could start within a year, others believe it should take several years." - Aaron Van Wirdum Taproot is here! Now just how the hell do we decide to do the upgrade? Aaron Van Wirdum brings us another great piece at Bitcoin Magazine on the varied discussions on how to implement a Bitcoin soft fork in the post-SegWit days. Do we have PTSD, or are we ready for another leap in the Bitcoin protocol? Check out the original at Bitcoin Magazine: https://bitcoinmagazine.com/articles/taproot-coming-what-it-and-how-it-will-benefit-bitcoin For further reading/listening on Segwit, Taproot, Schnorr, & more, check out these other awesome articles below: Taproot is Coming • https://anchor.fm/thecryptoconomy/episodes/CryptoQuikRead_318---Taproot-is-Coming-Aaron-van-Wirdum-e8um0c The Long Road to Segwit • https://anchor.fm/thecryptoconomy/episodes/CryptoQuikRead_054---The-Long-Road-To-Segwit-e2ndsv Schnorr Signatures & The Inevitability of Privacy • https://anchor.fm/thecryptoconomy/episodes/CryptoQuikRead_226---Schnorr-Signatures--The-Inevitability-of-Privacy-in-Bitcoin-Lucas-Nuzzi-e3jfhi Paying Yourself for Privacy on Lightning • https://anchor.fm/thecryptoconomy/episodes/CryptoQuikRead_352---Paying-Yourself-for-Privacy-on-Lightning---Aaron-Van-Wirdum-eaq2go Simplifying Lightning with the "No Input" Class • https://anchor.fm/thecryptoconomy/episodes/CryptoQuikRead_297---Simplifying-Lightning--The-Noinput-Class-Aaron-Van-Wirdum-e5fhoa ----------------------------- Start your Bitcoin savings plan at SwanBitcoin.com/guy! Don't hate yourself for having delayed weeks and missed a prime, sat stacking opportunity before the next bull market. Today is it! --- Send in a voice message: https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/bitcoinaudible/message

主要内容：数据：BTC挖矿难度小幅下调至15.49T；销毁eosio.saving账户内EOS的多签提案已通过并执行；加拿大央行副行长：目前没有发行CBDC的计划；新西兰国税局计划取消对加密货币的消费服务税；媒体：嘉楠科技遭集体诉讼，被指违反证券法。 数据：BTC挖矿难度小幅下调至15.49T据BTC.com数据显示，北京时间2月25日16点28分，比特币在区块高度618,912处调整挖矿难度至15.49T，较2月11日下调0.38%，预测下次难度继续下调0.28%至15.44T，距离调整还剩13天16小时。另外，比特币两周平均算力为110.86EH/s。 分析：神秘矿工已从SegWit地址中夺取9000枚BCH由于地址格式的相似性，BCH用户一直误将BCH发送到SegWit地址，而这些地址在BCH网络上不受支持。多年来，多达18000枚BCH被错误发送。由于SegWit地址相对较新，错误交易在2018年和2019年回升。Coinmetrics的最新数据显示，已知矿池通过其回收程序成功回收了大约一半的代币，并将它们归还给了失主。但一位“不知名”的矿工成功地开采了足够多的区块，清扫了近9000个被错误地发送到SegWit地址的丢失BCH。Coinmetrics从最初就开始追踪这个问题，当时丢失的代币有数百枚。像BTC.com这样的矿商甚至为小额索赔开设了一个表格，不过这项服务只是暂时的。后来，BTC.com决定停止回收较小的金额，将最低回收额度从10 BCH提升至100 BCH。（bitcoinist） 销毁eosio.saving账户内EOS的多签提案已通过并执行2月25日，EOS Nation发起多签提案Retiresaving已获节点投票通过，该提案将销毁eosio.saving账户内现有的34,106,869.1596 EOS。此次销毁需完成两个步骤：1.将EOS从eosio.saving账号转入eosio账号；2.销毁的操作必须由eosio账户授权。（MEET.ONE） 加拿大央行副行长：目前没有发行CBDC的计划加拿大央行副行长昨日在蒙特利尔金融技术会议上发表讲话时表示，目前尚无发行中央银行数字货币（CBDC）的计划，但正在为提高加拿大支付生态系统的能力进行准备。他认为，目前没有令人信服的理由来发行CBDC。他概述了可以考虑采取这种举措的两种主要情况，首先是在完全减少或消除了有形现金的使用的情况下，第二是私人加密货币被大量使用的情况下。连恩表示，发展能够发行CBDC的能力预计将需要几年时间。连恩称，加拿大央行计划在设计央行数字货币时，与广泛的利益相关者进行磋商，将包括与联邦及省级政府和监管机构、支付服务提供商以及商家的讨论。在发布数字货币之前，加拿大央行认为依旧存在需要立法授权的问题。（thestar） 美国SEC为投资者汇总资源以避免加密欺诈美国证券交易委员会（SEC）向投资者发出建议，警告不要参与非法ICO、IEO和加密骗局。为了打击非法ICO和IEO，美国SEC汇总了一份清单，涵盖一系列帮助投资者避免诈骗的主题，包括：可能违反联邦安全法的IEO；声称获得SEC批准的ICO；承诺“保证高投资回报”的欺诈性加密网站；骗子利用虚假的SEC和商品期货交易委员会（CFTC）对数字资产的索赔来吸引投资者；欺诈者建立虚假的加密网站并提供虚假交易；投资者在投资数字资产之前应该考虑的问题；利用名人代言的欺诈计划；因声称投资加密货币而暂停上市的公司；有关ICO的背景资料及投资诈骗的潜在警告；关于比特币和投资欺诈的危险信号的背景信息；使用虚拟货币的庞氏骗局；要求您提供电话号码或电子邮件地址的投资广告或促销活动等。（The Daily Hodl） 美国商务部计划就跨境加密货币交易对相关公司展开调查美国商务部经济分析局（BEA）提议对BE-180基准调查（BEA每五年发布一次的强制性调查表）进行规则更改，要求所有曾在2019财年进行跨境加密货币交易的美国金融服务公司进行报告。除此之外，该加密货币提案（如果实施）将使商务部统计人员能够更加准确地看到外国加密货币活动的普遍性。该调查将针对经纪商、私募股权基金、托管服务、财务咨询以及BEA广泛定义的“金融服务”中的许多其他内容。BEA预计将有7000位受访者进行答复。（CoinDesk） 新西兰国税局计划取消对加密货币的消费服务税新西兰国税局（IRD）正在考虑改变对加密货币的处理方式，即取消目前备受争议的商品消费服务税（GST）。当前的制度将比特币和其他数字货币视为财产，加密货币在该国交易时应承担15％的消费税。这在以后征收所得税时可能会引发“双重征税”问题。新西兰国税局称这种情况为“不利”，并建议在多数情况下取消对加密货币的GST，仅保留所得税。（Coindesk） 媒体：嘉楠科技遭集体诉讼，被指违反证券法微信公众号深潮DeepFlow发文称，2月21日，洛杉矶一家股东权利诉讼公司律师事务所宣布，它正在代表嘉楠科技（NASDAQ：CAN）的投资者进行调查索赔，嘉楠科技被指控违反证券法。日前，一位投资分析师撰写了一份看空嘉楠科技的调查报告，主要内容有：1.嘉楠科技存在众多未向监管机构披露的与关联方以及虚假实体的交易，涉嫌人为地增加收入或伪造其财务状况。2.嘉楠科技此前的主要客户涉及重大商业诈骗与违规行为。3.嘉楠科技删除了7个主要的分销商信息，因为这些信息表明，嘉楠科技的业务情况比投资者们认为的要糟糕得多。4. 与比特大陆以及神马矿机相比，嘉楠科技旗下产品缺乏竞争力。

主要内容：数据：BTC挖矿难度小幅下调至15.49T；销毁eosio.saving账户内EOS的多签提案已通过并执行；加拿大央行副行长：目前没有发行CBDC的计划；新西兰国税局计划取消对加密货币的消费服务税；媒体：嘉楠科技遭集体诉讼，被指违反证券法。 数据：BTC挖矿难度小幅下调至15.49T据BTC.com数据显示，北京时间2月25日16点28分，比特币在区块高度618,912处调整挖矿难度至15.49T，较2月11日下调0.38%，预测下次难度继续下调0.28%至15.44T，距离调整还剩13天16小时。另外，比特币两周平均算力为110.86EH/s。 分析：神秘矿工已从SegWit地址中夺取9000枚BCH由于地址格式的相似性，BCH用户一直误将BCH发送到SegWit地址，而这些地址在BCH网络上不受支持。多年来，多达18000枚BCH被错误发送。由于SegWit地址相对较新，错误交易在2018年和2019年回升。Coinmetrics的最新数据显示，已知矿池通过其回收程序成功回收了大约一半的代币，并将它们归还给了失主。但一位“不知名”的矿工成功地开采了足够多的区块，清扫了近9000个被错误地发送到SegWit地址的丢失BCH。Coinmetrics从最初就开始追踪这个问题，当时丢失的代币有数百枚。像BTC.com这样的矿商甚至为小额索赔开设了一个表格，不过这项服务只是暂时的。后来，BTC.com决定停止回收较小的金额，将最低回收额度从10 BCH提升至100 BCH。（bitcoinist） 销毁eosio.saving账户内EOS的多签提案已通过并执行2月25日，EOS Nation发起多签提案Retiresaving已获节点投票通过，该提案将销毁eosio.saving账户内现有的34,106,869.1596 EOS。此次销毁需完成两个步骤：1.将EOS从eosio.saving账号转入eosio账号；2.销毁的操作必须由eosio账户授权。（MEET.ONE） 加拿大央行副行长：目前没有发行CBDC的计划加拿大央行副行长昨日在蒙特利尔金融技术会议上发表讲话时表示，目前尚无发行中央银行数字货币（CBDC）的计划，但正在为提高加拿大支付生态系统的能力进行准备。他认为，目前没有令人信服的理由来发行CBDC。他概述了可以考虑采取这种举措的两种主要情况，首先是在完全减少或消除了有形现金的使用的情况下，第二是私人加密货币被大量使用的情况下。连恩表示，发展能够发行CBDC的能力预计将需要几年时间。连恩称，加拿大央行计划在设计央行数字货币时，与广泛的利益相关者进行磋商，将包括与联邦及省级政府和监管机构、支付服务提供商以及商家的讨论。在发布数字货币之前，加拿大央行认为依旧存在需要立法授权的问题。（thestar） 美国SEC为投资者汇总资源以避免加密欺诈美国证券交易委员会（SEC）向投资者发出建议，警告不要参与非法ICO、IEO和加密骗局。为了打击非法ICO和IEO，美国SEC汇总了一份清单，涵盖一系列帮助投资者避免诈骗的主题，包括：可能违反联邦安全法的IEO；声称获得SEC批准的ICO；承诺“保证高投资回报”的欺诈性加密网站；骗子利用虚假的SEC和商品期货交易委员会（CFTC）对数字资产的索赔来吸引投资者；欺诈者建立虚假的加密网站并提供虚假交易；投资者在投资数字资产之前应该考虑的问题；利用名人代言的欺诈计划；因声称投资加密货币而暂停上市的公司；有关ICO的背景资料及投资诈骗的潜在警告；关于比特币和投资欺诈的危险信号的背景信息；使用虚拟货币的庞氏骗局；要求您提供电话号码或电子邮件地址的投资广告或促销活动等。（The Daily Hodl） 美国商务部计划就跨境加密货币交易对相关公司展开调查美国商务部经济分析局（BEA）提议对BE-180基准调查（BEA每五年发布一次的强制性调查表）进行规则更改，要求所有曾在2019财年进行跨境加密货币交易的美国金融服务公司进行报告。除此之外，该加密货币提案（如果实施）将使商务部统计人员能够更加准确地看到外国加密货币活动的普遍性。该调查将针对经纪商、私募股权基金、托管服务、财务咨询以及BEA广泛定义的“金融服务”中的许多其他内容。BEA预计将有7000位受访者进行答复。（CoinDesk） 新西兰国税局计划取消对加密货币的消费服务税新西兰国税局（IRD）正在考虑改变对加密货币的处理方式，即取消目前备受争议的商品消费服务税（GST）。当前的制度将比特币和其他数字货币视为财产，加密货币在该国交易时应承担15％的消费税。这在以后征收所得税时可能会引发“双重征税”问题。新西兰国税局称这种情况为“不利”，并建议在多数情况下取消对加密货币的GST，仅保留所得税。（Coindesk） 媒体：嘉楠科技遭集体诉讼，被指违反证券法微信公众号深潮DeepFlow发文称，2月21日，洛杉矶一家股东权利诉讼公司律师事务所宣布，它正在代表嘉楠科技（NASDAQ：CAN）的投资者进行调查索赔，嘉楠科技被指控违反证券法。日前，一位投资分析师撰写了一份看空嘉楠科技的调查报告，主要内容有：1.嘉楠科技存在众多未向监管机构披露的与关联方以及虚假实体的交易，涉嫌人为地增加收入或伪造其财务状况。2.嘉楠科技此前的主要客户涉及重大商业诈骗与违规行为。3.嘉楠科技删除了7个主要的分销商信息，因为这些信息表明，嘉楠科技的业务情况比投资者们认为的要糟糕得多。4. 与比特大陆以及神马矿机相比，嘉楠科技旗下产品缺乏竞争力。

Location: San Francisco Date: Tuesday, 3rd September Project: balajis.com Role: Angel Investor & Entrepreneur A little over a year ago Coinbase announced the acquisition of Earn.com in a $120 million deal. Earn.com allows users to earn cryptocurrency by replying to emails or completing tasks. As a vital part of the acquisition, Balaji Srinivasan the CEO and Co-founder moved into the role of CTO at Coinbase where he oversaw the integration of Earn.com into the exchange and the launch of the controversial Coinbase Earn. This allowed users to earn several cryptocurrencies directly from the Coinbase website by merely answering a few questions to aid the education of the exchange users. After just a year as Coinbase CTO, Balaji has recently departed the company. It was a mixed year for Coinbase with reports of infighting with regards to the direction of the business. Still, they managed to raise $300m, at $7.7bn valuation, navigate a brutal bear market and build out an entirely new infrastructure to support multiple crypto assets. So, what was life like at Coinbase for Balaji? Coinbase has often felt the wrath of Bitcoiners, many arguing that they were on the wrong side of history regarding the New York Agreement. Add to this delay in implementing Segwit and supporting other contentious forks, does Coinbase hate Bitcoin? In Part 2 of my interview with Balaji, we explore the world of Bitcoin, altcoins and Coinbase. Is it irresponsible for Coinbase, an entry-level Bitcoin onramp, to list an ever-growing list of questionable altcoins? Is the earn.com integration encouraging risky token investments? Balaji Srinivasan joined me in San Francisco to discuss this and lots more. As well as: The Earn.com acquisition Whether daily active users is a flawed metric for cryptocurrency ICO's, scams and founders dumping on retail investors Whether Earn.com should be teaching risk management  Democratising investment The lack of adoption for many cryptocurrencies

Welcome to episode 70 of The Bitcoin Game, I'm Rob Mitchell. I'm always wanting to learn things via my podcast, and hopefully it helps others learn too. So when I heard Michael Flaxman on Stephan Livera's podcast, I thought he was such a compelling guest that I just had to have him on The Bitcoin Game. In this episode we dive into details about Bitcoin, security, and multisig. LINKS Michael Flaxman on Twitter https://twitter.com/mflaxman Michael Flaxman's Website https://www.michaelflaxman.com Michael Flaxman's Bitcoin Multisig Hardware Wallet Comparison https://bitcoin-hardware-wallet.github.io Michael's In-Depth Article on Multisig Coming Soon! Michael Flaxman on Stephan Livera Podcast (Hardware Wallets) https://stephanlivera.com/episode/97 Mt. Gox https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mt._Gox 2014 Proof of Reserves article https://www.coindesk.com/krakens-audit-proves-holds-100-bitcoins-reserve PyCoin (Open Source Library) https://pypi.org/project/pycoin/0.51 Shamir's Shared Secret https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shamir%27s_Secret_Sharing Coldcard Hardware Wallet https://coldcardwallet.com Trezor Hardware Wallet https://trezor.io Ledger Hardware Wallet https://www.ledger.com Hardware Wallet Passphrase (Trezor guide) https://blog.trezor.io/passphrase-the-ultimate-protection-for-your-accounts-3a311990925b Hardware Wallet Mnemonic Seed Phrase / BIP 39 https://en.bitcoinwiki.org/wiki/Mnemonic_phrase Ian Coleman's BIP 39 Tool https://iancoleman.io/bip39 BIP 174 / Partially Signed Bitcoin Transactions (PSBT) Github https://github.com/bitcoin/bips/blob/master/bip-0174.mediawiki Crypto Steel (One of several Seed Backup Solutions) https://cryptosteel.com Multisig https://en.bitcoin.it/wiki/Multisignature 
Electrum Bitcoin Wallet https://electrum.org Electrum Personal Server Github https://github.com/chris-belcher/electrum-personal-server Secure Element (Gemalto site - supplier to Ledger) https://www.justaskgemalto.com/us/what-is-a-secure-element HD Wallet Hierarchical Deterministic Wallet (HD Wallet) https://en.bitcoin.it/wiki/Deterministic_wallet Random Number Generator (RNG) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Random_number_generation Segwit https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SegWit Bitcoin Core https://bitcoin.org/en/download Graphical User Interface (GUI) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graphical_user_interface Bitcoin Testnet https://en.bitcoin.it/wiki/Testnet Nonce https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cryptographic_nonce Tails OS https://tails.boum.org If you liked this episode, I bet you'll like my fairly exclusive interviews with Peter Kroll, the creator of the paper wallet, and white-hat hacker Johoe, who recovered Bitcoin during the 2013 Android RNG issue. The Bitcoin Game #56: Paper Wallet Inventor Peter Kroll https://letstalkbitcoin.com/blog/post/the-bitcoin-game-56-paper-wallet-inventor-peter-kroll The Bitcoin Game #7: Bitcoin Hero Jochen AKA Johoe https://letstalkbitcoin.com/blog/post/the-bitcoin-game-7-bitcoin-hero-jochen-aka-johoe SPONSOR While much of a Bitcoiner's time is spent in the world of digital assets, sometimes it's nice to own a physical representation of the virtual things you care about. For just the price of a cup of coffee or two (at Starbucks), you can own the world-famous Bitcoin Keychain. As Seen On The Guardian • TechCrunch • Engadget • Ars Technica • Popular Mechanics Infowars • Maxim • Inc. • Vice • RT • Bitcoin Magazine • VentureBeat PRI • CoinDesk • Washington Post • Forbes • Fast Company Bitcoin Keychains - BTCKeychain.com CREDITS All music in this episode of The Bitcoin Game was created by Rob Mitchell. The Bitcoin Game box art was created from an illustration by Rock Barcellos. Bitcoin (Segwit) tipping address: 3AYvXZseExRn3Dum8z9tFUk9jtQK6KMU4g Lightning Network tipping: https://tippin.me/@TheBTCGame Note: We've migrated our RSS feed (and primary content host) from SoundCloud to Libsyn. So if you noticed the SoundCloud numbers aren't nearly as high as they used to be, that's the reason.

sources of stories from today: https://www.one-tab.com/page/vyQ6YA8pTVi-bZ2oTxFzag ↓↓↓timestamps↓↓↓ 0:31 - Channel Updates, KRBE Shop, Newsletter 3:41 - Dino of the Day 7:55 - Wyoming Passes Bill To Relax Securities Law For Some Blockchain Tokens 9:48 - Viewer Question: Who has the power, the states or the Feds? 10:09 - Report: Japanese Crypto Exchanges Unite to Form a "Crypto-Union" 14:12 - Venezuelan President Nicolas Maduro Claims $735 Million Raised in First "Petro" Token Sale 19:01 - Security: Tesla's Cloud Hit By Crypto Mining Malware Attack 22:46 - Coinbase And Bitfinex Integrate Bitcoin Scaling Upgrade SegWit 26:00 - Customer Tries to Withdraw $20 Trillion in Crypto Exchange Glitch If you want more, connect with us online at the following places: Website: https://krbecrypto.com/ Shop: https://shopkrbecrypto.com/ Services: https://krbecrypto.com/services/ About Us: https://krbecrypto.com/about/ Subscribe to our YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/krbecrypto KRBE Twitter: https://twitter.com/krbecrypto KRBE Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/krbecrypto/ KRBE Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/krbecrypto/ King Twitter: https://twitter.com/KingBlessDotCom Bitcoin Zay Twitter: https://twitter.com/bitcoinzay Business Inquiries: krbe@krbecrypto.com   Donations Welcome: Bitcoin: 1NTnWaGowHEh9VRWMXWTiqWpQT9vjP5Ukd Litecoin: LSc2bEAMEbGSHKx54GUt4xi1eZQqtscv8i   Thanks for listening and remember to subscribe for daily content where we give away free Bitcoin!

sources of stories from today: https://www.one-tab.com/page/QqqNZTFRQrWcPHlCzDOyJA ↓↓↓timestamps↓↓↓ 2:10 - Dino(s) of the Day 10:51 - Game Over: Vigilante Pulls Plug on Crypto All Stars 14:25 - Bullish: New Bitcoin Code Will Finally Boast Full SegWit Support 17:15 - 500 Startups, Huobi Labs to Incubate Blockchain Projects 20:04 - Viewer Question: How long do you think $BCH will stay at $1000 22:18 - S. Korean Gov't Official In Charge Of Crypto Regulations Found Dead Of Heart Attack 24:32 - South Korea to Support 'Normal' Crypto Trading, Says Finance Watchdog 28:09 - Venezuela's 'Petro' Token Launches in Pre-Sale 30:05 - California Bill Would Legally Recognize Blockchain Data 32:09 - Actor Steven Seagal Endorses Questionable 'Bitcoiin' ICO 35:50 - RE: JP Morgan Endorses Bitcoin If you want more, connect with us online at the following places: Website: https://krbecrypto.com/ Shop: https://shopkrbecrypto.com/ Services: https://krbecrypto.com/services/ About Us: https://krbecrypto.com/about/ Subscribe to our YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/krbecrypto KRBE Twitter: https://twitter.com/krbecrypto KRBE Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/krbecrypto/ KRBE Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/krbecrypto/ King Twitter: https://twitter.com/KingBlessDotCom Bitcoin Zay Twitter: https://twitter.com/bitcoinzay Business Inquiries: krbe@krbecrypto.com   Donations Welcome: Bitcoin: 1NTnWaGowHEh9VRWMXWTiqWpQT9vjP5Ukd Litecoin: LSc2bEAMEbGSHKx54GUt4xi1eZQqtscv8i   Thanks for listening and remember to subscribe for daily content where we give away free Bitcoin!

sources of stories from today:https://www.one-tab.com/page/8HV578jKRyyqFLKyVruoMQ ↓↓↓timestamps↓↓↓ 1:27 - SEC is cracking down on companies that are attempting to "capitalize on the promise of distributed-ledger technology" 3:55 - Dino of the Day 7:20 - Vermont Proves ‘Blockchain-Friendly', Hosts Real Estate Pilot Program 10:09 - Viewer Question: What's our take on blockchain in the supply chain space and use cases? 12:26 - Cryptocurrency Exchange BitFlyer Launches New EU Branch 14:48 - Bank of America ends free checking account option 16:24 - Viewer Question: Does Coinbase support SegWit yet? 17:36 - Viewer Questoin: What's going on with the high transaction costs on various exchanges? If you want more, connect with us online at the following places: Website: https://krbecrypto.com/ Shop: https://shopkrbecrypto.com/ Services: https://krbecrypto.com/services/ About Us: https://krbecrypto.com/about/ Subscribe to our YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/krbecrypto KRBE Twitter: https://twitter.com/krbecrypto KRBE Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/krbecrypto/ KRBE Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/krbecrypto/ King Twitter: https://twitter.com/KingBlessDotCom Bitcoin Zay Twitter: https://twitter.com/bitcoinzay Business Inquiries: krbe@krbecrypto.com   Donations Welcome: Bitcoin: 1NTnWaGowHEh9VRWMXWTiqWpQT9vjP5Ukd Litecoin: LSc2bEAMEbGSHKx54GUt4xi1eZQqtscv8i   Thanks for listening and remember to subscribe for daily content where we give away free Bitcoin!

It almost feels like the Cryptoverse is a desolate planet of intellectuals, where intelligence runs scarce and stupid rome rampant. In times like this the PABs all tend to look to the most intelligent person in the room, rather than think for themselves. Right now, that person is Jimmy Song. With fake news and FUD fueling FOMO, it's a refreshing change of pace to see bitcoin enthusiasts like Jimmy Song staying cool, keeping calm and relaxing in a burning building. Why hasn't Coinbase integrated Segwit? What effects can the loss of Net Neutrality have on decentralized cryptocurrencies? Can our ISP censor the blockchain? Press play and jam out to everyone's favorite Song to find out more!

If you want more, connect with us online at the following places: Website: https://krbecrypto.com/ Shop: https://shopkrbecrypto.com/ Services: https://krbecrypto.com/services/ About Us: https://krbecrypto.com/about/ Subscribe to our YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/krbecrypto KRBE Twitter: https://twitter.com/krbecrypto KRBE Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/krbecrypto/ KRBE Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/krbecrypto/ King Twitter: https://twitter.com/KingBlessDotCom Bitcoin Zay Twitter: https://twitter.com/bitcoinzay Business Inquiries: krbe@krbecrypto.com   Donations Welcome: Bitcoin: 1NTnWaGowHEh9VRWMXWTiqWpQT9vjP5Ukd Litecoin: LSc2bEAMEbGSHKx54GUt4xi1eZQqtscv8i   Thanks for listening and remember to subscribe for daily content where we give away free Bitcoin!

From one Network to another Vortex visits The Bitcoin Podcast Network via Not Another Bitcoin Podcast. Himself coming from the World Crypto Network, on Youtube. Vortex knows his shit, especially when it comes to crypto and the future's potential to flourish thanks to blockchain technology. In this interview we get to talk about past, present and the future of bitcoin and blockchains like altcoins. Vortex explains this current fork and the likely next fork in Nov. (2M block size hardfork) Even goes into details about all the benefits SegWit brings to the table like Atomic Swap and many others. This is my most informational interview yet! You don't wanna miss this diamond on the blockchain.

Explaining compatibility between the Segwit activation of the current Segwit2X code and BIP 148 UASF is the meat of this weeks episode, so if this isn't your bag, or you're NOT curious, well... As of August 1st (and if Segwit is not already either locked-in or activated) nodes that run BIP 148 will not accept any blocks that don't signal Segwit. There is a chance Bitcoin will experience a chain-split on August 1st. The bad news is that this coin-split can be messy and risky. And if you're not careful, you could lose funds. This episode will provide you with the basics to keeping your funds safe during the UASF and will help to make sure you make it to the “other side” with all your bitcoins intact with a little help from our guest Aaron van Wirdum from Bitcoin Magazine.

WAAAAAY back on episode #15 we had Jonathan Chester from Bitwage come on in 2015. At that time, Bitwage performed over $1 million in payroll transactions. Fast forward to 2017, he is back on the show and they have now processed more than $4.5 billion worth of payments to date. Quite the leap, eh? If that growth wasn't impressive enough, Mr. Chester talks to us about expanding BitWages' European footprint with a launch in the UK.