Podcasts about Voytek

Flux and cognitive neuroscience more broadly are increasingly focused on translating our science for public impact. Yet, we receive little training to know how to do this.  In this episode, we hear from Dr. Daniela Schiller and Dr. Bradley Voytek about their journeys through science communication, which include creating a graduate course teaching SciComm and writing a popular neuroscience book. Along the way, we touch on benefits for your own science, starting small, pursuing passions, and more. Visit our Buzzsprout for other episodes. https://sensitiveperiods.buzzsprout.comOf relevance:S1E2 on science communication and equityS2E2 on engaging in public policyFor a full transcript, visit: https://bit.ly/FluxSPS3E3Episode links: Nature Neuroscience article describing Dr. Schiller's courseDr. Voytek's outreach and book, "Do Zombies Dream of Undead Sheep?" Upgoer5 1000 most used words text editorFollow us on social media!Twitter: @FluxSocietyFacebook: facebook.com/FluxSociety/LinkedIn: linkedin.com/in/fluxsociety/Reach out to your host, Matt Mattoni (matt.mattoni@temple.edu) 

Francesco Antonio Bossini ci porta alla scoperta del Gasherbrum IV, la montagna lucente.In questa serie di episodi si prenderà in considerazione l'ambiente e le severe difficoltà di una cima che si è concessa soltanto quattro volte nel corso della storia. Francesco analizza due cordate: Bonatti-Mauri e Kurtyka-Schauer impegnate in anni diversi sulle pareti di un gigante che, per pochi metri, non fa parte degli "ottomila".Testo e registrazione di Francesco Antonio BossiniMontaggio di Sebastiano FrolloContatti: andataeritorno.podcast@gmail.com Sito e newsletter: https://andataeritornopodcast.substack.com/Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/andataeritornostoriedimontagna/Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/profile.php?id=61557903953187&name=xhp_nt__fb__action__open_userThreads: https://www.threads.net/@andataeritornostoriedimontagnaMusic by Epidemic SoundCrediti immagine: https://explorersweb.com/top-expeditions-1970-2020-6-gasherbrum-ivs-shining-wall/

Are you seeking higher profitability and success in your real estate investments? Imagine achieving higher returns and success in your real estate ventures. In this episode, we sat down with Voytek Mardula and James Lloyd of U.S Properties and they will share the solution so you can achieve that result. Get ready to step into a world of elevated real estate investment success. It's been a market where people continue to flock because it's one of the most undervalued markets in the entire country. - Voytek Mardula Resilience and a drive to be very regimented and consistent in my daily habits. I'm a hard worker and I really had a vision to become successful in this and to be consistent. - James Lloyd In this episode, you will be able to: Discover untapped Detroit real estate investment opportunities that could transform your portfolio. Discover the advantages of investing in US properties for Canadians that you won't want to miss. Learn about the impact of COVID on construction and renovation, and how to navigate the changing landscape. Explore Detroit's transformation and economic growth, and how it could shape your real estate investment decisions. Discover the untapped potential of the Section 8 rental program and how it can elevate your real estate portfolio. James Lloyd and Voytek Mardula are the co-founders of US Properties, a Canadian boutique real estate investment company with a strong focus on the Detroit market for the past eight years. They have established themselves as prominent figures in the industry, specializing in providing comprehensive turnkey solutions for Canadian investors venturing into the US market. With a robust suite of services encompassing entity formation, property selection, renovations, and management, their company offers a reliable and holistic investment experience. Leveraging their extensive market experience, James and Voytek deliver valuable insights into Detroit real estate investment opportunities, the benefits of investing in US properties for Canadians, the impact of COVID on construction and renovation, Detroit's ongoing transformation and economic growth, and the advantages of the Section 8 rental program. Their in-depth knowledge and hands-on involvement make them authoritative sources for navigating the complexities of the Detroit real estate landscape. Get in touch with James Lloyd here: LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/james-lloyd-37898b44 Website: https://www.usproperties.ca/ Get in touch with Voyek Mardula here: LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/voytek-mardula-04b28824 Website: https://www.usproperties.ca/

IDology is a podcast about industrial design-related topics. You can learn the dos and don'ts of product development and how to minimize risk when working with an industrial design company.   In episode #21 of IDology, Voytek met with Piotr and Mikołaj to talk about the vital roles of prototyping and simulations in the industrial design process, their differences, and their specific features.   Piotr Dalewski, a mechanical design engineer at Mindsailors, places emphasis on manufacturability, design for assembly, and product optimization within the value engineering approach throughout the R&D process.   Mikołaj Wiewióra is a senior industrial designer at Mindsailors. He has extensive experience leading teams of designers and engineers at all stages of the design process.   Voytek Holysz is the COO of Mindsailors, with 16 years of experience in running a business in creative B2B services, marketing, sales, and video production. Visit our website: https://mindsailors.com/  This episode is also available in written form: https://mindsailors.com/idology-21-industrial-design-prototyping-vs-simulations

IDology is a podcast about industrial design-related topics. You can learn the dos and don'ts of product development and how to minimize risk when working with an industrial design company.   In episode #20 of IDology, Voytek sat down with Anita and Mikołaj to discuss the historical evolution of the relationship between design and manufacturing, from individual craftsmanship to the era of mass production and the democratization of design with Computer-Aided Design (CAD) software. Anita Rogoża is an experienced researcher & designer at Mindsailors. Her priority is on making functional designs that are both user and environment friendly. Mikołaj Wiewióra is a senior industrial designer at Mindsailors. He has extensive experience in leading teams of designers and engineers on all stages of the design process. Voytek Holysz is the COO of Mindsailors, with 16 years of experience in running a business in creative B2B services, marketing, sales and video production. Visit our website: https://mindsailors.com/  This episode is also available in written form: https://mindsailors.com/idology-20-how-manufacturing-and-design-co-exist

IDology is a podcast about industrial design-related topics. You can learn the dos and don'ts of product development and how to minimize risk when working with an industrial design company.   In episode #18, Voytek met with Thomas Weber to explore the various attitudes and approaches companies in different industries have towards industrial design, ranging from those heavily investing in design to enhance brand image to those skeptical or unaware of its benefits. They discuss the challenges and misunderstandings businesses face when integrating design into their products and the impact of design on brand perception and product functionality.   Thomas Weber is a seasoned business development manager, leveraging his extensive background in industrial design to drive business growth and adeptly guide new customers.   Voytek Holysz is the COO of Mindsailors, with 16 years of experience in running a business in creative B2B services, marketing, sales, and video production. Visit our website: https://mindsailors.com/  This episode is also available in written form: https://mindsailors.com/idology-18-industrial-machinery-design-pain-points

This is the first episode of our new series called Next-Gen Showcase hosted by IAOP's Chief Advisor of Thought Leadership, Mark Voytek where we highlight cool tools in the marketplace referencing the role they play within GBS. In this episode, Mark sits down with Kit Cox, the Founder & CTO of Enate to discuss the SaaS platform that really enables businesses to get their operational ducks in a row, giving them full visibility over their end-to-end processes so they can see where the gaps are, streamline processes, and deliver work on time while harnessing the latest automation technology and now AI, too, to help those businesses ultimately work smarter and faster and become more agile.

IDology is a podcast about industrial design-related topics. You can learn the dos and don'ts of product development and how to minimize risk when working with an industrial design company.   In episode #17, Voytek met with Rafał Piłat and Jakub Zarzyński to discuss the accessibility and influence of AI in product design, emphasizing the ethical use of AI-generated content and its potential to enhance creativity and efficiency in the design process. The conversation also addresses legal and ethical considerations surrounding AI tools.   Jakub Zarzyński is a versatile computational designer specializing in integrating various design fields to find innovative solutions, with a focus on utilizing new technologies and collaborating intensively with diverse software.   Rafal Piłat is an entrepreneur and co-founder of Mindsailors, an awarded industrial design company, with over 18 years of experience as a designer himself.   Voytek Holysz is the COO of Mindsailors, with 16 years of experience in running a business in creative B2B services, marketing, sales, and video production. Visit our website: https://mindsailors.com/ This episode is also available in written form: https://mindsailors.com/idology-17-risks-of-using-generative-ai-in-product-design

IDology is a podcast about industrial design-related topics. You can learn the dos and don'ts of product development and how to minimize risk when working with an industrial design company.   In episode #16, Voytek and Mikołaj explain the concept of failure in product design, emphasizing its role as a crucial learning tool. They discuss how embracing failure as a part of the design process can lead to innovation and growth, contrasting this approach with traditional, negative views of failure.   Mikołaj Wiewióra is a senior industrial designer at Mindsailors. He has extensive experience leading teams of designers and engineers at all stages of the design process.   Voytek Holysz is the COO of Mindsailors, with 16 years of experience in running a business in creative B2B services, marketing, sales, and video production. Visit our website: https://mindsailors.com/  This episode is also available in written form: https://bit.ly/3vqI5uO

IDology is a podcast about industrial design-related topics. You can learn the dos and don'ts of product development and how to minimize risk when working with an industrial design company. In episode #15, Voytek, along with Anita Rogoża and Rafał Piłat, discuss utilizing AI tools like ChatGPT and Midjourney for inspiration and research in product design, especially in the pre-design phase. They highlight AI's role in speeding up the design process, such as generating creative concepts and enhancing 3D renders, while acknowledging its limitations in producing final, detailed designs. Anita Rogoża is an experienced researcher and designer at Mindsailors. Her priority is to make functional designs that are both user- and environment-friendly. Rafal Piłat is an entrepreneur and co-founder of Mindsailors, an awarded industrial design company, with over 18 years of experience as a designer himself. Voytek Holysz is the COO of Mindsailors, with 16 years of experience in running a business in creative B2B services, marketing, sales, and video production. Visit our website: https://mindsailors.com/  This episode is also available in written form: https://bit.ly/3HdE4wi

IDology is a podcast about industrial design related topics. You can learn the dos and don'ts of product development and how to minimize risk when working with an industrial design company. In episode #13 of IDology, Voytek met with Piotr and Rafał to discuss the limitations and realities of using generative AI in industrial design. The conversation uncovers how AI, despite its advancements, cannot fully replace the creativity and problem-solving capabilities essential to design while also indicating when to limit your AI usage. Piotr Dalewski, a mechanical design engineer at Mindsailors, places emphasis on manufacturability, design for assembly, and product optimization within the value engineering approach throughout the R&D process. Rafal Piłat is an entrepreneur and co-founder of Mindsailors, an awarded industrial design company, with over 18 years of experience as a designer himself. Voytek Holysz is the COO of Mindsailors, with 16 years of experience in running a business in creative B2B services, marketing, sales, and video production. Visit our website: https://mindsailors.com/  This episode is also available in written form: https://bit.ly/4aQoMv2

This podcast is a commentary and does not contain any copyrighted material of the reference source. We strongly recommend accessing/buying the reference source at the same time. ■Reference Source https://www.ted.com/talks/bradley_voytek_and_tim_verstynen_diagnosing_a_zombie_brain_and_body_part_one ■Post on this topic (You can get FREE learning materials!) https://englist.me/73-academic-words-reference-from-bradley-voytek-and-tim-verstynen-diagnosing-a-zombie-brain-and-body-part-one-ted-talk/ ■Youtube Video https://youtu.be/fOn9wZyAOlE (All Words) https://youtu.be/bCRiN5pc37M (Advanced Words) https://youtu.be/FUPeJ9Zhj1E (Quick Look) ■Top Page for Further Materials https://englist.me/ ■SNS (Please follow!)

In this episode I sit down with Voytek Szczepanik to talk about life, anxiety and so much more. I remember Voytek mentioning that he had a gun pointed at him when he was 9 so when I had the opportunity to sit down with him I had to find out the reasons why. Apologies for the delay in releasing this episode, life has been a little bit crazy of late, however I hope you all enjoy this episode!

Voytek Bereza is a transparent, GPhC-licensed, prescribing pharmacist specialising in neuropsychopharmacology. Back for his second time on Down South Anomalies Ep#6 Voytek guides us through the history of psychedelics in the 20/21st centuries, he speaks about the dangers of legal and illegal drugs and shows us how limited our perception is with some startling visual images. Neuroplasticity is the name of the game and Australia appears to be leading the charge in terms of decriminalisation for the medical market. To contact Voytek go to https://voytekbereza.com/au/This show is part of the Spreaker Prime Network, if you are interested in advertising on this podcast, contact us at https://www.spreaker.com/show/4602609/advertisement

Way back in the early years of the internet, Ben Thompson decided to start a website. Each week he filled that website with incredible tales of guts, glory, and everything in between as he told stories of Ninjas, Vikings, war heroes, scientists, explorers and even the occasional badass dog! Millions of views, hundreds of stories, multiple books and decades later, Ben's beloved website www.badassoftheweek.com finally has a podcast! And of course, it wouldn't be Badass of the Week, if it wasn't weekly.  Joining Ben Thompson on this audio adventure, to class the joint up a bit, is his co-host, former colleague, and long-time friend, Dr. Patricia Larash who brings degrees in the classics and philology from Harvard and UC Berkley respectively. Each week Ben and Pat trade fun over-the-top stories of badasses from history, mythology, fiction and wherever else they can be found. In season 1, they'll talk about Hercules and The Virginia Hercules, Voytek the Bear that fought for the Polish Army in WWII, woman pirates Ann Bonney and Mary Read, The Indian Warrior Queen Rani Lakshmi Bai who rode into battle with her child on her back, American war hero turned traitor Benedict Arnold, Roman Emperor Vespasian, and the very explosive Volcano Krakatoa, among so many other badasses. Now and then, they'll be joined by guests, celebrities and experts to chime in with insight, humor and even their own stories of badassery.  Download. Listen. Subscribe. Follow. Tell your friends. Listen Again. Rate. And all that good stuff! New episodes of Badass of the Week arrive every week which is a good thing because we have so many stories to tell. We hope you check it out! Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

A conversation with Baker (drums) & Red (bass) on the adventures of current Miami instrumental noise band WOJTEK (pronounced VOYTEK). Baker and Red are both well established in the South Florida music scene, also currently or previously playing in other bands such as Headfoam, Baker's Paradise, among others. [Episode: 52 - Recorded 04/23/2023]Music:Songs taken from WOJTEK demo (2021)☞ Follow Florida Sound Archive on Instagram! @floridasoundarchiveWOJTEK- Social Media, etc.INSTAGRAM@wojtek.1941WEBSITEShttps://wojtek1941.bandcamp.com/album/bare-bones

Author Ben Thompson and professor of history Dr. Pat Larash discuss a selection of war hero animals both furry and feathered, including the incredible tale of Voytek the Soldier Bear -- a massive beer-drinking Syrian brown bear who helped Polish artillery fight Nazis in World War II.See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Ele é A Parede! No aguardado retorno do podcast, morremos de rir com um dos caras que fez acontecer em Sinais do Outro Lado. Gary Fogo sentou com a gente pra nos contar sobre a criação de Lírio e Voytek, sua experiência jogando com Cellbit e vimos em primeira mão como seria a briga entre Lírio e Amelie. Tá imperdível!

In episode #12 Anita and Voytek discuss some of the industries most mixed up phrases and definitions. As design, R&D and product development spread across industries and around the world, many definitions began changing. This led to problems in communication, as people with different industry backgrounds often have in mind different definitions of the same specific word or phrase.

In episode #11 Voytek Hołysz tries Rafał Piłat to spill as much as possible about common mistakes companies make when developing a new product. Rafał is an entrepreneur and co-founder of Mindsailors, an awarded industrial design company, with over 15 years of experience as a designer himself. Voytek is the COO of Mindsailors, with 15 years of experience in running a business in creative B2B services, marketing, sales and video production.

Data science is relevant now because of the large amounts being generated by smart phones, tablets and computers. With all the information out there, who has access to it? UC San Diego professor Brad Voytek discusses how data scientists are using the huge amounts of structured and unstructured data available to them and how that research is changing the world around us. Voytek also dives into how data is being used to bridge the gap in neuroscience and helping understand how the brain works. Series: "Data Science Channel" [Science] [Show ID: 37837]

Data science is relevant now because of the large amounts being generated by smart phones, tablets and computers. With all the information out there, who has access to it? UC San Diego professor Brad Voytek discusses how data scientists are using the huge amounts of structured and unstructured data available to them and how that research is changing the world around us. Voytek also dives into how data is being used to bridge the gap in neuroscience and helping understand how the brain works. Series: "Data Science Channel" [Science] [Show ID: 37837]

Data science is relevant now because of the large amounts being generated by smart phones, tablets and computers. With all the information out there, who has access to it? UC San Diego professor Brad Voytek discusses how data scientists are using the huge amounts of structured and unstructured data available to them and how that research is changing the world around us. Voytek also dives into how data is being used to bridge the gap in neuroscience and helping understand how the brain works. Series: "Data Science Channel" [Science] [Show ID: 37837]

Data science is relevant now because of the large amounts being generated by smart phones, tablets and computers. With all the information out there, who has access to it? UC San Diego professor Brad Voytek discusses how data scientists are using the huge amounts of structured and unstructured data available to them and how that research is changing the world around us. Voytek also dives into how data is being used to bridge the gap in neuroscience and helping understand how the brain works. Series: "Data Science Channel" [Science] [Show ID: 37837]

In episode #9 Voytek and Mikołaj discuss the famous TRL scale. A scale developed by NASA to deascribe a Technology's Readiness Level. This scale has been widely adapted in product development, even though it is not about products itself.

In episode #8 Voytek and Anita literally discuss the dos and don'ts of product development. They go through the entire product design process and point out best practices to consider and most common mistakes to avoid. Anita Rogoża is a researcher & designer at Mindsailors. Her priority is on making functional designs that are both user and environment friendly. Wojciech Hołysz is the COO of Mindsailors, with 15 years of experience in running a business in creative B2B services, marketing, sales and video production.

Link to bioRxiv paper: http://biorxiv.org/cgi/content/short/2023.01.23.525101v1?rss=1 Authors: Shafiei, G., Fulcher, B. D., Voytek, B., Satterthwaite, T. D., Baillet, S., Misic, B. Abstract: Systematic spatial variation in micro-architecture is observed across the cortex. These micro-architectural gradients are reflected in neural activity, which can be captured by neurophysiological time-series. How spontaneous neurophysiological dynamics are organized across the cortex and how they arise from heterogeneous cortical micro-architecture remains unknown. Here we extensively profile regional neurophysiological dynamics across the human brain by estimating over 6,800 time-series features from the resting state magnetoencephalography (MEG) signal. We then map regional time-series profiles to a comprehensive multi-modal, multi-scale atlas of cortical micro-architecture, including microstructure, metabolism, neurotransmitter receptors, cell types and laminar differentiation. We find that the dominant axis of neurophysiological dynamics reflects characteristics of power spectrum density and linear correlation structure of the signal, emphasizing the importance of conventional features of electromagnetic dynamics while identifying additional informative features that have traditionally received less attention. Moreover, spatial variation in neurophysiological dynamics is co-localized with multiple micro-architectural features, including genomic gradients, intracortical myelin, neurotransmitter receptors and transporters, and oxygen and glucose metabolism. Collectively, this work opens new avenues for studying the anatomical basis of neural activity. Copy rights belong to original authors. Visit the link for more info Podcast created by Paper Player, LLC

Stupenda biografia scritta a quattro mani con la brillante e preparatissma Bernadette McDonald (la creatrice del Banff Festival) in cui lui spiega la sua filosofia di vita per cui non è importante la cima, ma la bellezza e la difficoltà della via.

This week's podcast guests are Voytek and James from USProperties.ca US Properties are a Canadian turnkey operator offering a full service to interested investors who wish to enter the US market (specifically the Detroit area of Michigan). Their purpose is to provide an A-to-Z service to make it easy for clients to dive right into […]

Voytek Bereza is a transparent, GPhC-licensed, prescribing pharmacist specialising in neuropsychopharmacology. In this episode he discusses shamanism, psychedelics and there relationship to the world of the anomalous.

Os Cinco derrotam o Memoflígico e veem os campistas serem abduzidos. E agora Adágio parece ter retornado dos mortos e Chico decide conversar com uma entidade dizendo ser o falecido Voytek nos computadores de Morato. Falamos disso e muito mais com nossa convidada, a artista oficial do OrdemCast, Boo!

Link to bioRxiv paper: http://biorxiv.org/cgi/content/short/2022.10.04.509632v1?rss=1 Authors: Preston, M., Schaworonkow, N., Voytek, B. Abstract: Electrical recordings of human brain activity via electroencephalography (EEG) show prominent, rhythmic voltage fluctuations. These periodic oscillations have been linked to nearly every cognitive and perceptual process, as well numerous disease states. Recent methodological and theoretical advances, however, have given rise to evidence for a functional role for non-oscillatory, aperiodic neural activity. Physiologically, this aperiodic activity has been linked to the relative contributions of neuronal excitatory and inhibitory signaling. Most importantly, however, traditional data analysis methods often conflate oscillations and aperiodic activity, masking the potentially separate roles these processes play in perception, cognition, and disease. Here we present a reanalysis of intracranial human EEG recordings from Fellner et al., 2019, using new methods for separately parameterizing oscillations and aperiodic activity in a time-resolved manner. We find that human memory encoding is not related to just oscillations or aperiodic activity, but rather that both processes are rapidly co-modulated during memory encoding. These results provide strong evidence for event-related dynamics of aperiodic and oscillatory activity in human memory, paving the way for future investigations into the unique functional roles of these two independent, but linked, processes in human cognition. Copy rights belong to original authors. Visit the link for more info Podcast created by PaperPlayer

The next real estate investment markets for Canadians may well NOT be in Canada. As the markets in Canada continue to offer less investing upside either because of expensive inventory, higher interest rates or lower cash flow, many real estate investors are starting to look South of the border. Is the market that much different in the US? If you look at the more popular areas like California or New York then there is little difference between them and Toronto or Vancouver. But take a look at cities with a more recent downside and there are plenty of opportunities. Detroit is one such market. Our podcast guests those week, Voytek Mardula and James Lloyd of US Properties.ca have been focused on Detriot for the last 5+ years and have local knowledge and expertise and a full turnkey operation that makes it so much more seamless for Canadians to consider investing in the US. In this episode you will learn about: Why Detroit is not seeing the drop off of other markets.Growth opportunities for investors in Detroit.What to consider when investing in the US as a Canadian.Local financing options versus Canadian money sources.The best Detroit neighbourhoods for cash flow and appreciation Voytek Mardula, a lifelong entrepreneur, has owned and operated businesses in various industries over the last 25 years, including hospitality, brand name apparel and telecommunications. In the last 12 years, he has also gained extensive experience in investing in and managing rental properties, both in the US and Canada. Voytek's current focus is on US real estate, primarily in Detroit. In addition to buying and selling turnkey investment properties in the US, the property management company which he owns, operates and manages over 300 doors in the greater Detroit area.  James Lloyd is the Canadian Sales Manager for USProperties.ca.  With over 17 years of definitive experience in hospitality and sales management experience, he has a passion for customer service and client relations.  On a daily basis, he is responsible for overseeing the company's client development and helping Canadian investors every step of the way with a turnkey solution for purchasing cash flow positive real estate in the Detroit area.  Outside of work James enjoys living a healthy, active lifestyle and spending time with his young son. Get in touch with James Lloyd & Voytek Mardula:Website: https://www.usproperties.ca/Email: jameslloyd@usproperties.ca This episode has been brought to you in part byLegal Second Suites https://legalsecondsuites.comBM Select - https://bmselect.ca/

My guest today is Dr. Mary Voytek, the director of NASA's Astrobiology Program since 2008. Dr. Voytek and others from NASA are proposing a new 7-step framework on how they could report on the discovery of life beyond Earth. We'll discuss this new framework as well as the latest challenges in the search for life across the Universe. https://astrobiology.nasa.gov/nai/directory/voytek-mary/

My guest today is Dr. Mary Voytek, the director of NASA's Astrobiology Program since 2008. Dr. Voytek and others from NASA are proposing a new 7-step framework on how they could report on the discovery of life beyond Earth. We'll discuss this new framework as well as the latest challenges in the search for life across the Universe. https://astrobiology.nasa.gov/nai/directory/voytek-mary/

In this special Halloween episode, Knowing Neurons interviews Drs. Bradley Voytek and Timothy Verstynen, authors of Do Zombies Dream of Undead Sheep, about zombie neuroscience and science communication. Learn more about Bradley and Tim at voyteklab.com and cognitiveaxon.com and follow them on Twitter @bradleyvoytek and @TDVerstynen. Written and produced by Ayushe Sharma, Chaoqun Yin and Elizabeth Burnette. Music Used: "Bleeping Demo" by Kevin MacLeod Link: https://incompetech.filmmusic.io/song/7012-bleeping-demo Licensed under Creative Commons: By Attribution 4.0 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ "Pamgaea" by Kevin MacLeod Link: https://incompetech.filmmusic.io/song/4193-pamgaea Licensed under Creative Commons: By Attribution 4.0 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ "Study and Relax" by Kevin MacLeod Link: https://incompetech.filmmusic.io/song/5764-study-and-relax Licensed under Creative Commons: By Attribution 4.0 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

A new MP3 sermon from the Northern Plains Classis of the RCUS is now available on SermonAudio with the following details: Title: Our Mind of Lowliness Speaker: D. Voytek Broadcaster: the Northern Plains Classis of the RCUS Event: Sunday Service Date: 7/4/2021 Bible: Philippians 2:1-4 Length: 36 min.

Guest: James Lloyd & Voytek Mardula This week's podcast guests are James and Voytek from USProperties.ca Affluent young Americans are leaving large, overcrowded cities. They are spending much more on their houses as they have more disposable income and... Read More

(Topic begins at 0:28:05 mark): Mike Sexton has cancer, is in hospice, has little time left.... (1:06:26): VitalVegas blocks Druff on Twitter, then it's discovered Sahara Las Vegas is suing them.... (1:56:49): Baccarat coaching scammer Christopher Mitchell claims to be quitting the coaching business.... (2:58:17): Mike "Timex" McDonald wins $250,000 free throw prop bet, but some controversy occurred.... (3:43:21): Bryan Piccioli, with screen name "smbdySUCKme", leads 2020 Online WSOP Main Event on GGPoker.... (3:55:50): Daniel Negreanu makes bizarre tweet about dating advice.... (4:15:33): Update on story regarding Cosmo player who bounced $1.5 million check.... (4:23:50): Dan Bilzerian accused of wrongdoing involving his legalized pot company IGNITE.... (5:09:10): ACR trade scammer Brian Voytek undertaking new tactic to trick people into trusting him.... (5:19:52): Supercomputer may have yielded breakthrough in understanding of what COVID-19 does to the body.... (5:52:22): Canadian card counter Kevin Barton a suspect in the disappearance of female counting partner. tradershky co-hosts.

(Topic begins at 0:30:45 mark): Mike Sexton has cancer, is in hospice, has little time left.... (1:09:06): VitalVegas blocks Druff on Twitter, then it's discovered Sahara Las Vegas is suing them.... (1:59:29): Baccarat coaching scammer Christopher Mitchell claims to be quitting the coaching business.... (3:00:57): Mike "Timex" McDonald wins $250,000 free throw prop bet, but some controversy occurred.... (3:46:01): Bryan Piccioli, with screen name "smbdySUCKme", leads 2020 Online WSOP Main Event on GGPoker.... (3:58:30): Daniel Negreanu makes bizarre tweet about dating advice.... (4:18:13): Update on story regarding Cosmo player who bounced $1.5 million check.... (4:26:30): Dan Bilzerian accused of wrongdoing involving his legalized pot company IGNITE.... (5:11:50): ACR trade scammer Brian Voytek undertaking new tactic to trick people into trusting him.... (5:22:32): Supercomputer may have yielded breakthrough in understanding of what COVID-19 does to the body.... (5:55:02): Canadian card counter Kevin Barton a suspect in the disappearance of female counting partner. tradershky co-hosts.

Link to bioRxiv paper: http://biorxiv.org/cgi/content/short/2020.08.18.256016v1?rss=1 Authors: Schaworonkow, N., Voytek, B. Abstract: Neuronal oscillations emerge in early human development. These periodic oscillations are thought to rapidly change in infancy and stabilize during maturity. Given their numerous connections to physiological and cognitive processes, as well as their pathological divergence, understanding the trajectory of oscillatory development is important for understanding healthy human brain development. This understanding is complicated by recent evidence that assessment of periodic neuronal oscillations is confounded by aperiodic neuronal activity, which is an inherent feature of electrophysiological neuronal recordings. Recent cross-sectional evidence shows that this aperiodic signal progressively shifts from childhood through early adulthood, and from early adulthood into later life. None of these studies, however, have been performed in infants, nor have they been examined longitudinally. Here, we analyzed non-invasive EEG data from 22 typically developing infants, across multiple time points, ranging between 38 and 203 days old. We show that the progressive flattening of the EEG power spectrum begins in very early development, continuing through the first several months of life. These results highlight the importance of separating the periodic and aperiodic neuronal signals, because the aperiodic signal can bias measurement of neuronal oscillations. Given the infrequent, bursting nature of oscillations in infants, we recommend the use of quantitative time domain approaches that isolate bursts and uncover changes in waveform properties of oscillatory bursts. Copy rights belong to original authors. Visit the link for more info

Link to bioRxiv paper: http://biorxiv.org/cgi/content/short/2020.06.30.179861v1?rss=1 Authors: Brown, D. E., Chavez, J. I., Nguyen, D. H., Kadwory, A., Voytek, B., Arneodo, E., Gentner, T. Q., Gilja, V. Abstract: Neuronal activity within the premotor region HVC is tightly synchronized to, and crucial for, the articulate production of learned song in birds. Characterizations of this neural activity typically focuses on patterns of sequential bursting in small carefully identified subsets of single neurons in the HVC population. Much less is known about population dynamics beyond the scale of individual neurons. There is a rich history of using local field potentials (LFP), to extract information about behavior that extends beyond the contribution of individual cells. These signals have the advantage of being stable over longer periods of time and have been used to study and decode complex motor behaviors, such as human speech. Here we characterize LFP signals in the HVC of freely behaving male zebra finches during song production, to determine if population activity may yield similar insights into the mechanisms underlying complex motor-vocal behavior. Following an initial observation that structured changes in the LFP were distinct to all vocalizations during song, we show that it is possible to extract time varying features from multiple frequency bands to decode both the identity of specific vocalization elements (syllables) and predict their temporal onsets within the motif. This demonstrates that LFP is a useful signal for studying motor control in songbirds. Surprisingly, the time frequency structure of HVC LFP is similar to well established oscillations found in both human and mammalian motor areas, suggesting that similar network solutions may emerge given similar constraints. This similarity in network dynamics, despite distinct anatomical structures, may give insight to common computational principles for learning and/or generating complex motor-vocal behaviors. Copy rights belong to original authors. Visit the link for more info

Link to bioRxiv paper: http://biorxiv.org/cgi/content/short/2020.05.25.115378v1?rss=1 Authors: Gao, R., van den Brink, R. L., Pfeffer, T., Voytek, B. Abstract: Complex cognitive functions such as working memory and decision-making require the maintenance of information over many timescales, from transient sensory stimuli to long-term contextual cues1. However, while theoretical accounts predict that a corresponding hierarchy of neuronal timescales likely emerges as a result of graded variations in recurrent synaptic excitation2-4, direct evidence in the human cortex is lacking. This limits our ability to study how other cytoarchitectural and cell-intrinsic features shape the temporal patterns of cortical activity5-7, and whether neuronal timescales are dynamic and relevant for human cognition. Here, we use a novel computational approach to infer neuronal timescales from intracranial recordings and construct a continuous gradient across the human cortex. We find that timescales increase along the principal sensorimotor-to-association axis7-9, where higher-order association areas have longer neuronal timescales. These measurements reflect transmembrane current fluctuations and scale with single-unit spiking timescales across the macaque cortex10. Cortex-wide transcriptomic analysis11-13 in humans confirms direct alignment between timescales and expression of excitation- and inhibition-related genes, but further identifies genes specifically related to voltage-gated transmembrane ion transporters. Finally, neuronal timescales are functionally dynamic: prefrontal cortex timescales expand during working memory maintenance and predict individual performance, while cortex-wide timescales compress with aging. Thus, neuronal timescales follow cytoarchitectonic gradients across the human cortex, and are relevant for cognition in both short- and long-terms, bridging microcircuit physiology with macroscale dynamics and behavior. Copy rights belong to original authors. Visit the link for more info

How did life originate and evolve here on Earth? What form could life take elsewhere – and where else could life survive beyond our planet? These are questions that scientists called astrobiologists tackle every day. By using space telescopes, doing laboratory experiments and studying extreme environments on Earth, astrobiologists hope to uncover n

How did life originate and evolve here on Earth? What form could life take elsewhere – and where else could life survive beyond our planet? These are questions that scientists called astrobiologists tackle every day. By using space telescopes, doing laboratory experiments and studying extreme environments on Earth, astrobiologists hope to uncover n

(Topic begins at 0:14:24 mark): Phil Galfond suspends match against VeniVidi after continuing to get crushed.... (0:57:47 mark): Interview with Lebanese hacker John Audi, who created the exploit to see holecards on Poker Mavens.... (1:54:52 mark): Call from listener Tyrone.... (2:10:19 mark): Update: Druff can't reach Kevin Racks' widow to inquire about the $500 he received.... (2:13:46 mark): Former PFA guest Marc Klang claims he's broke after having as much as $5 million.... (2:33:51 mark): Ray Davis update.... (2:59:40 mark): New member on PFA claims he is going to go after Brian Voytek.... (3:14:02 mark): Ill-fated "Lucky Dragon" casino to reopen as non-casino property.... (3:23:37 mark): Hard Rock Atlantic City debuts "live slots" where online players can spin actual slot machines.... (3:34:22 mark): MGM CEO/chairman Jim Murren to step down, despite very successful run.... (4:10:54 mark): Casinos possibly coming to Virginia?.... (4:39:09 mark): Macau can reopen casinos on February 20. tradershky co-hosts.

(Topic begins at 0:17:06 mark): Phil Galfond suspends match against VeniVidi after continuing to get crushed.... (1:00:29 mark): Interview with Lebanese hacker John Audi, who created the exploit to see holecards on Poker Mavens.... (1:57:34 mark): Call from listener Tyrone.... (2:13:01 mark): Update: Druff can't reach Kevin Racks' widow to inquire about the $500 he received.... (2:16:28 mark): Former PFA guest Marc Klang claims he's broke after having as much as $5 million.... (2:36:33 mark): Ray Davis update.... (3:03:22 mark): New member on PFA claims he is going to go after Brian Voytek.... (3:16:44 mark): Ill-fated "Lucky Dragon" casino to reopen as non-casino property.... (3:26:19 mark): Hard Rock Atlantic City debuts "live slots" where online players can spin actual slot machines.... (3:37:04 mark): MGM CEO/chairman Jim Murren to step down, despite very successful run.... (4:13:36 mark): Casinos possibly coming to Virginia?.... (4:41:51 mark): Macau can reopen casinos on February 20. tradershky co-hosts.

(Topic begins at 0:17:04 mark): Druff spends his New Years 2020 in Tahoe instead of Vegas.... (0:52:40 mark): "Independent" investigator Michael Lipman is now representing Stones Casino in the lawsuit against them.... (1:13:43 mark): ACR money trade scammer Brian Voytek at it again.... (1:38:16 mark): Karina Jett comes on the show to explain about her Vegas autism charity tournament.... (2:07:43 mark): Player at Golden Nugget Atlantic City claims he has a negative comp balance.... (2:18:45 mark): Slot Hustling 101: How to quickly and easily play +EV slots "Scarab", "Golden Egypt", and "Ocean Magic".... (2:41:49 mark): Ridiculous high stakes PLO8 hand in Bobby's Room sees "run it twice" scenario deliver a two-outer both times.... (2:52:33 mark): Several takers on "The Galfond Challenge" regarding high stakes heads up action.... (3:13:15 mark): Listener video poker question: Play better game at $20/tier credit or worse game at $10/tier?.... (3:31:58 mark): Vegas casinos now overrun with triple zero roulette games.... (3:37:14 mark): Macau casinos very profitable but still rapidly declining in revenue.... (3:46:09 mark): Louisiana casinos starting to move off of the water thanks to recent law change.... (4:03:11 mark): Sportsbetting launches in New Hampshire. tradershky co-hosts.

(Topic begins at 0:20:20 mark): Druff spends his New Years 2020 in Tahoe instead of Vegas.... (0:55:56 mark): "Independent" investigator Michael Lipman is now representing Stones Casino in the lawsuit against them.... (1:16:59 mark): ACR money trade scammer Brian Voytek at it again.... (1:41:32 mark): Karina Jett comes on the show to explain about her Vegas autism charity tournament.... (2:10:59 mark): Player at Golden Nugget Atlantic City claims he has a negative comp balance.... (2:22:01 mark): Slot Hustling 101: How to quickly and easily play +EV slots "Scarab", "Golden Egypt", and "Ocean Magic".... (2:45:05 mark): Ridiculous high stakes PLO8 hand in Bobby's Room sees "run it twice" scenario deliver a two-outer both times.... (2:55:49 mark): Several takers on "The Galfond Challenge" regarding high stakes heads up action.... (3:16:31 mark): Listener video poker question: Play better game at $20/tier credit or worse game at $10/tier?.... (3:35:14 mark): Vegas casinos now overrun with triple zero roulette games.... (3:40:30 mark): Macau casinos very profitable but still rapidly declining in revenue.... (3:49:25 mark): Louisiana casinos starting to move off of the water thanks to recent law change.... (4:06:27 mark): Sportsbetting launches in New Hampshire. tradershky co-hosts.

Bradley Voytek is a professor of cognitive science, neuroscience, and data science at UC San Diego. He is the author of Do Zombies Dream of Undead Sheep? and was the first data scientist at Uber. In this episode, Cody talks to Brad about the neuroscience of zombies, community building, being an insanely good mentor, overcoming low grades or initial setbacks, the influence of Oliver Sacks, and Brad's CV of failures. You can follow him on Twitter @BradleyVoytek. More info available at codykommers.com/podcast.

KURIOSITET - Ettersom vi har fått så mange hyggelige meldinger, om at det hadde vært fint med en episode i juli. Vi hørte derfor på dere, og lagde vår første korte episode som vi egentlig hadde tenkt til å vente med til sesong 2, men her kommer vår første Historiepodden Kuriositeter, episode 1 om Krigsbjørnen Voytek. I 1943 kom Krigsbjørnen Voytek til verden. Han skulle være med i Andre Verdenskrig og få mange venner før han ble kjendis. Som Voytek hadde likt, skål og god sommer.

KURIOSITET - Ettersom vi har fått så mange hyggelige meldinger, om at det hadde vært fint med en episode i juli. Vi hørte derfor på dere, og lagde vår første korte episode som vi egentlig hadde tenkt til å vente med til sesong 2, men her kommer vår første Historiepodden Kuriositeter, episode 1 om Krigsbjørnen Voytek. I 1943 kom Krigsbjørnen Voytek til verden. Han skulle være med i Andre Verdenskrig og få mange venner før han ble kjendis. Som Voytek hadde likt, skål og god sommer.

Een beresterke Poolse oorlogsheld, ontvanger van vele medailles, het logo van zijn compagnie. Maar is hij wel één van de 113 miljard? Ontdek het in aflevering 6 van #113miljard! Like, deel, schreeuw van de daken hoe leuk je 113 miljard vindt! Download gerust alle afleveringen voor je op vakantie gaat en blaas het op strand uit je boombox. Deel het met iedereen die je kent en maak de wereld een klein beetje beter. Twitter @emiei @nickpatat

THE DOOMED & STONED SHOW -Season 5, Episode 10- While you've been tearing off the pages in your daily calendar waiting for another 4/20 to come around, Doomed & Stoned has been working late into the night on a series of special mixes to give you just the right soundtrack to your own personal reefer madness. PLAYLIST 1. Heavy Stone - "Engine" 2. The Vintage Caravan - "Expand Your Mind" 3. Kyuss - "50 Million Year Trip" 4. Radio Moscow - "Death Of A Queen" 5. PUSHY - "Salem Man" 6. Black Sabbath - "The Wizard" 7. Crypt Trip - "Free Rain" 8. Leaf Hound - "Drown My Life In Fear" 9. The Biggest Thing Since Powdered Milk - "The Black Dog (Ain't No Turning Back)" 10. Sir Lord Baltimore - "Kingdom Come" 11. Blacksmith - "Smoke Wizard" 12. May Blitz - "I Don't Know" 13. BANG - "Questions" 14. Uriah Heep - "High Priestess" 15. High Priestess - "Take The Blame" 16. Orange Goblin - "Freelance Fiend" (Leafhound cover) 17. Gypsy Chief Goliath - "Low Cost of Living High" 18. Iron Claw - "Gonna Be Free" 19. Heavy Feather - "Higher" 20. The Heavy Eyes - "Voytek" 21. Smokey Mirror - "A Thousand Days In The Desert" 22. Hazemaze - "Lies" 23. Squidlord - "high As Fuck (On A Mountain)" 24. Greenbeard - "Sativa Wizardia" 25. The Judge - "High Flyin'" 26. Black Sabbath - "Rat Salad" 27. Great Electric Quest - "Anubis" 28. Uma Thurman - "I Am The High Fucking Priestess" 29. Radio Moscow - "I Just Don't Know" 30. Fuzz - "HazeMaze" 31. Geezer - "Charley Reefer" 32. Doctor Smoke - "The Toll" 33. Weedpecker - "Mindbreath" 34. Bantoriak - "Smoke the Magma" 35. Mos Generator - "ThIs is The Gift Of Nature" 36. Diesto - "High As The Sun" *if you dig the music, please show the bands some love.

Host Ilona Europa interviewed GRAMMY Winning engineer and mixer Voytek Kochanek. who produced and co-wrote with ILONA Europa Creative, Jonasz Wiewiór, Pawel Holda her new song called "Look at me now". youtu.be/R7PMDHH3X-o. We continued our Monthly Segment with Gerald "Gerry" Kane of Law Offices of Gerald L. Kane and his wife Karen Dabby with important topic: "ARE YOU MISSING OUT ON AN OVER $25.000 a month in Tax free benefits from VA?" We listened to ChakaKhan songs from her Grammy winning album "Funk this" mixed by our guest Voytek Kochanek.

Voytek PavlikIn this episode:Conversation with creative commons musician Voytek Pavlik.Music producer, composer and musician. Delivers music ideal for games, film, videos and as background music. Highly creative, with various musical styles, moods, themes and genres to offer under royalty-free creative commons music licenses.Audiomp3 audio | ogg audio | stream | torrentSubscribe to the Show:via iTunes | Other via RSSlinkshttps://soundcloud.com/voytekpavlikhttps://www.facebook.com/voytek.pavlik.musichttps://www.youtube.com/user/VoytekPavlikClosing song: "Into The Highway" by Voytek Pavlik - CC-BY

In the first hour, host Michael Wilde began by visiting with Joshua Voytek about what it's like to manage the dining room in a restaurant amidst the craziness of serving customers quickly, with the best service possible. Michael then joined Hanah Bonilla to talk about why she became a Sidewalk Counselor and what it's like to stand between life and death in front of the abortion mill. Finally, Alexa Mairs, Jeanne Lindquist, and Jacob M. joined our host in-studio to share how St. Joseph's School in Moorhead, MN is making a difference for a village in Africa.

Perhaps no other writer has explored Cold War and post-Soviet era mountaineering more than Bernadette McDonald has. In this episode, Bernadette McDonald discusses her award-winning book, Art of Freedom, a biography of Voytek Kurtyka, one of the most accomplished, and reclusive, alpinists of our time. Known for his philosophical approach, Kurtyka believed in the transformative power of climbing. He wrote, “When we entrust our faith to an absurdly beautiful mountain, we are being true to our vocation…. This is why I find climbing to be one of the most encouraging and exhilarating efforts of my life. This is the drug of mountaineering—the liberation.”

Sixty-year-old Lawrence Voytek and his friend, 57-year-old Mark Loren, talk about their friend and renowned artist, the late Robert Rauschenberg. Voytek worked as Rauschenberg's fabricator. They remember the great times they had together at his home on Captiva.

October 16, 2016 Engineer's Corner Show Page ABOUT THIS EPISODE This is a special episode of Engineer’s Corner. While Phil has taken a little break to change jobs and move to a different city, Ben sat down with Brendan Moore of Otso Cycles. If you recognize Brendan’s name, that’s because he is also one of the owner’s of Wolf Tooth Components. The gang at Wolf Tooth has recently launched their new Otso Cycles brand of bikes. Otso isn’t just another bike company. They’ve launched with several new ideas built into them. For example, the new Voytek offers the smallest Q-factor of any current fatbike. Also, the Warakin and Voytek come equipped with the Otso designed “Tuning Chip” dropouts. Listen in to here Brendan discuss the new brand and what they are up to. Otso’s are currently in stock and shipping, so be sure to head over to the website if you’re interested. If you have any ideas for future guests or episodes, or have a question for the show, please contact us at ben@mountainbikeradio.com. ------------- RELATED SHOW LINKS Shop through our Amazon Affiliate link Otso Cycles Website Otso Cycles on Instagram Otso Cycles on Facebook Otso Cycles on Twitter Mountain Bike Radio gear and kit Who is Phil the Engineer? Mountain Bike Radio on Facebook Mountain Bike Radio on Twitter Mountain Bike Radio on Instagram Mountain Bike Radio on Pinterest Email Ben Email Phil Support Mountain Bike Radio   

In this episode I have a friend and brother in Christ, Voytek, join in as a guest to discuss some of the false prophecies of the Jehovah’s Witnesses. Voytec is

The website for neuroscientist Brad Voytek’s lab begins like this: “Do not buy into the false belief that neuroscientists actually know what the brain is doing.” On the show this week we talked to Voytek to find out what he actually means by that.Brad Voytek is an Assistant Professor of Computational Cognitive Science and Neuroscience at UC San Diego.

Brad "Doctor Zombie" Voytek talks to us about making science accessible and attractive through science fiction.

A neuroscientist uses the zombie brain as a springboard for teaching.

Track List: 1. Moodyman - Shades Of Jae [KDJ] 2. Hot Toddy - Mutha Sucka (Ron Basejam remix) [Smoke 'n Mirrors] 3. Global Communication - Maiden Voyage (Ripperton Edit) [Philomena] 4. Bicep - Stash [AUS Music] 5. Baby Prince & Navid Izadi - Last Song Of The Dance feat. PillowTalk [Soul Clap Records] 6. Soul Clap - Break 4 Life [Crosstown Rebels] 7. Lump - U Talkin' But U Ain't Walkin' [Amplified] 8. Oleg Poliakov - Hold Up [Composite Records] 9. Photek - Mine To Give feat. Robert Owens [Virgin UK] 10. Tale Of Us - Discochord [M-nus] 11. No Milk - Voice Of… [Rhapsody Records] 12. Svida - Hold It [Klap Klap] 13. Chaim - We Are feat. Meital Derazone [Supplement Facts] Biography: Simone Sinatti nasce ad Arezzo il 18 maggio del 1991. Intorno ai 13 anni inizia ad appassionarsi alla musica house e da li l'evoluzione musicale è stata molto veloce, giungendo rapidamente alla odierna House, Deep House e Disco Re-Edit. Dopo varie esibizioni in feste private riesce nella stagione invernale 2008/2009 ad entrare con residenza mensile nello staff Klang Club. Da qui la sua crescita non si è più fermata entrando nelle successive stagioni, sia estive che invernali, a far parte in pianta stabile dello staff di LeMirage, Dolceverde e Grace Club. Nel giugno 2010 crea insieme ai propri amici il gruppo Social Kids composto da Marco Pieschi, Monero Berneschi, Gianluca Farsetti, Gianluca Peruzzi, Lorenzo Latorraca e per l'appunto Simone Sinatti, che continuerà a lavorare stabilmente nei locali della provincia. Vanta release all'interno di prestigiose label come Etruria Beat in soggolo, nella sua LessConv fondata nel 2011 insieme all'amico e socio Andrea Arcangeli sotto l'alias di Social Kids, e Noir Music con l'alias Speaking Minds (progetto avviato insieme agli amici Marco Paladin e Filippo Carnio) con future release già programmate su My Favorite Robot Records, Manocalda ed altre ancora, con collaborazioni e featuring del calibro di Voytek (cantante di My Favorite Robot), Rap Lisa e Memoryman aka Uovo. Entra da qui a suonare nei locali più importanti del centro Italia sia in singolo che con il progetto Social Kids come Cocoricò, Tenax, Link, Arterìa e TPO per citarne alcuni, arrivando infine nel marzo 2012 a suonare ad Oslo in Norvegia, come prima data estera, ed inoltre a far parte della line up di alcuni festival come roBOt e Pulse (Bologna), Greentech (Pisa), Etruria Beat (Arezzo), Armonica (Riccione). Regolarmente presente anche sull'omonimo radioshow da cui è nata l'etichetta "Less Conversation" al fianco dei migliori artisti del panorama nazionale e di alcuni dei migliori talenti nella scena house come Matthias Tanzmann, Guillaume & The Coutu Dumonts, Frankie Knuckles, Guy Gerber, Mario Basanov e No Regular Play, non ha intenzione di fermarsi qui, vista la sua carriera in continua crescita con molti progetti in ballo di cui i più importanti Social Kids e Speaking Minds sul fronte produzioni, e LessConv sul fronte gestionale come etichetta. Stay Tuned

The Voyteks created the Brain Systems, Connections, Associations, and Network Relationships engine, or brainSCANr. The tool is used to explore the relationships between different terms in peer reviewed publications. http://brainscanr.com/TranscriptSpeaker 1: Spectrum's next Speaker 2: [inaudible].Speaker 1: Welcome to spectrum [00:00:30] the science and technology show on k a l x Berkeley, a biweekly 30 minute program bringing you interviews featuring bay area scientists and technologists as well as a calendar of local events and news. Speaker 3: Good afternoon. I'm Rick Karnofsky. Brad swift and I are the hosts of today's show. We're speaking with Jessica and Bradley Vojtech. Jessica is a designer and a developer who earned her master's of information management and systems here at cal and has [00:01:00] worked on several UC Berkeley websites. She's also working on the future of science education through projects like ned the neuron. Brad is in NIH, N N I g m s postdoctoral fellow at ucs f. He got his phd from cal. He's a prolific blogger and Zombie expert. The void techs are here to talk about brain systems, connections and associations and network relationships or brain scanner. This website helps people explore [00:01:30] how neuroscience terms relate to one another in the peer reviewed literature. They've documented their project in our recent journal of neuroscience methods paper. Speaker 4: Brad and Jessica, welcome to spectrum. Thank you for having us. Thanks. Can you tell us a little bit about brain scanner? Actually, I was at a conference here at cal hell by the CSA, so the cognitive science student association and Undergraduate Association here at cal that they had several neuroscientists and cognitive scientists come and give presentations and I was one of those people. I [00:02:00] was on a panel with a Stanford cognitive scientists at the end of the day. It was a Q and a. We got into a question about what can be known in the neurosciences and I had mentioned that the peer reviewed neuroscientific literature probably smarter than we are. There's something like 3 million peer reviewed neuroscientific publications and I was saying that that is just too many. There is no way for anybody to to integrate all of those facts and I said if there some automated or algorithmic way of doing that, we could probably find some neat stuff out and he disagreed with me pretty strongly on the panel [00:02:30] and I sort of stewed on that for awhile. Speaker 4: That ended up becoming the brain scanner project actually, which is using text mining to look at how different topics in the neurosciences relate to one another. We had conversation about this and I had just started about six months before my a master's program at the School of Information. So all of the stuff that he was saying really jived with what I was learning. So we got together after that. We talked about it off and on sort of over dinner and stuff occasionally, but I think it was [00:03:00] right around won't. Right, right before we found out you were pregnant. Right, right around Christmas when we first actually sat down together to work on it and that was just a random evening. We didn't have, well, we didn't have a baby at the time, so we didn't have much else to do. Brad was working on this thing and he said, you know, I've been working on this all day. Speaker 4: I'm trying to get this algorithm to work and see if we can get any results out of this. And I kind of challenged him. I said, I can do that faster than you can started taking my course. I had [00:03:30] all of these new skills that I just wanted to kind of show off. And I did. She actually beat me. You guys were both sort of where we were. We're basically coding. Yeah. We're sitting on the couch. Not really cause we weren't actually doing it together. We are using two different competitor competing. Exactly. So who do you see as the audience for brain scanner? Well I know the answer to that someone. Right. So I have colleagues who tell me a lot of Grad students actually mostly a who say that they use it as a stop for [00:04:00] searching. The peer reviewed neuroscientific literature. So pub med, which is the surface run by the National Library of medicine, which is part of the national institutes for health index is a lot of these peer reviewed biomedical journals. Speaker 4: Their search engine is quite good but it returns just textual information. You know, you just, you see the 20 most recently published papers or you know, however you want to sort it related to the search term or of interest. Yeah. So basically anybody who wants to create an app can get access to this data. You have to follow certain [00:04:30] rules, but otherwise you can get the information out of this database easily. In a, in a sort of standard format, we provide a graphic or a visualization layer on top of the search so you can put in one of these search terms and you can see here are the topics that relate to it very strongly in literature. Statistically speaking, you know, uh, by that I mean here are the words or terms that show up a lot in papers with the term memory for example. We also then list the papers that are related and you can see the full list of terms and [00:05:00] how it relates to different topics and things like that. Um, if I want to look at a brain region and say, okay, what are the other brain regions that are related to this can really quickly visually see that based upon these 3 million publications that we, we searched through Speaker 2: [inaudible]Speaker 4: you are listening to spectrum on k a l x Berkeley. We're talking to with user interface developer, Jessica Vojtech. And neuroscientists, Bradley Wojciech about brain scanner Speaker 2: [inaudible]Speaker 4: [00:05:30] do you see other potentially valuable ways you can harness PubMed's data or other reference sources? Yeah, absolutely. So one of the aspects actually of the paper that we published was ways to address that, that very question. Uh, initially we tried to publish the paper just as a here's a, here's a resource or one of the editor's version on that rejected the paper, said, you know, what, what can you do with this? And a, of course, you know, this is something we've been thinking about. And [00:06:00] so I tried to build a proof of concept. So one of the, one of the things that we showed statistically speaking that you can do with this, does the data they call hypothesis generation or semiautomated hypothesis generation. And this works off of a very simple idea. Um, it's almost like recommend their algorithms and um, like linkedin or Facebook or something like that. Speaker 4: You know, it's like if you know this person, you might know this person, kind of a friend of a friend should be a friend idea. You know, Rick and I, I know you and you know Rick, maybe you have a friend named Jim. And so statistically speaking, [00:06:30] Jim and I might get along right because you and I get along and you, and he'd get along, especially if I and Jim get along. And so you can go through algorithmically and say, you know, in the literature if Migraine for example, which is the example you give in the paper, uh, is strongly related to a neurotransmitter Serotonin, which I didn't know before we made the website actually, um, that in the medical literature there's a whole serotonin hypothesis from migraines I guess because Migraines respond to, uh, antidepressants, which are usually serotonergic drugs. So anyway, Serotonin [00:07:00] and Migraines are very strongly related and neuroscientists know a lot about the basic physiology of Serotonin, where in the brain is expressed and things like that. Speaker 4: And so on the neuroscience side, we know that Serotonin is very strongly expressed in, in a brain region called the striatum, which is sort of deep frontal part of the brain. And, uh, there's thousands of papers that talk about Serotonin and Migraines and Serotonin in this brain region, the striatum respectively, but there's only 19 papers or something like that to talk about that brain region and migraines. [00:07:30] And so statistically speaking, maybe we're missing something here, right? Maybe just nobody's really looked at this connection between migraines in that brain region. Maybe there aren't papers published on it because people have looked and there's nothing there. But, uh, that's why it's somewhat automated. You can go through this list of recommended hypotheses and you as an expert, I can go through that list and say, oh, some of these are nonsense. Or Oh, that's, that could be interesting. Speaker 4: Maybe. Maybe we should look into that. So it gives you a low hanging fruit basically. Yeah. And so that would be something [00:08:00] eventually I would like to build into the site. Are you continuing to analyze new papers as they enter in pub med? We haven't rerun it for awhile. I think there's something on the order of 10,000 new papers published every month in the neurosciences. But when you're standing in the face of 3 million, it's sort of drop in the bucket. So we, we worry running it every month or two. Um, but the results really don't change very quickly. Right. It's pretty stable. So yes, we, we should actually [00:08:30] run it again. It's been about six months or so. If you guys actually like, well I mean as a or perhaps how, you know, the ideas in the literature might change. For instance, that's actually something that I did do. Speaker 4: Um, I eliminated the searches to just bring the regions, so how different brain regions relate to each other across time. So I did a search for all papers published up to like 1905, which wasn't very many. Of course not in your, you know, you have an exponential increase in the number of being published. Okay. But then again, I ran it again for all papers published to like up to 1935, [00:09:00] 55, 75, 95 and you know, 2005, right? Uh, or 2011. And you could actually see how our understanding of how different brain regions relate change over time. And that was kind of neat. Um, if I was going to be a little bit statistically, uh, stronger about this, what I should have done in the original paper, and I didn't think about it until after we republished it was I should've run the semiautomated hypothesis generation algorithm, uh, on a limited amount of data. So I test data set up to like say 1990 [00:09:30] and then found plausible hypotheses from that Dataset and then run it again on the entire thing and see, you know, if we had found new things. And you know, if that corroborated what we've learned in the last 22 years. Speaker 2: [inaudible]Speaker 5: you're listening to spectrum on k a l x Berkeley. We're talking with Brad and Jessica Vojtech about brain scanner. They're a site to show links [00:10:00] that may exist between brain structures, cognitive functions, neurological disorders, and more as data mined from the academic literature. Speaker 2: [inaudible]Speaker 4: I mean this is a side side project for us. Yeah, Speaker 1: it was two weeks in $11 and 50 cents. And what did that go to? Um, coffee and coffee. Yeah. [00:10:30] Um, no it, it went into the Google app engine server time. So we actually were able to use Google app engine to distribute the processing, which is also what made mind my code a little bit quicker to run through all of this data. Speaker 4: I was doing single queries at a time and because we have 800 terms in the database and we have to do how every term relates to every other term, it's 800 squared,Speaker 1: try to buy two essentially. And then there's the roundtrip between between his your machine and the um, [00:11:00] pub met database. So, you know, you're making requests, you're making requests, making requests anyway. It was maybe three days, three days or four days. And I was able to do it in about two hours by um, putting it into the cloud and using app engine. So that $11 and 50 cents went to paying for the service and agree to say a hundred squared divided by two minus 800 a lot. So do you want to talk about how that dictionary of keywords was generated? Speaker 4: Initially I [00:11:30] had wanted to try and figure out how brain regions relate this. This grew out of my phd work actually at Berkeley. I worked with Professor Bob Knight who used to be the head of the neurosciences institute, Helen Wells neuroscience here. And my phd thesis was looking at how to brain regions, the prefrontal cortex and the Basal Ganglia related to working memory. And as I was standing for my qualifying exams, I was trying to figure out, okay, what are the brain regions that send inputs to [00:12:00] [inaudible], which is one of the parts of the Basal Ganglia and where he dies this ride in project two. And in order to figure that out, I spent, I don't know, two months off and on three months off and on over at the biomedical library here, digging through old, uh, anatomical papers from the 1970s and basically drawing little hand-drawn charts to try and figure out how these things connected. Speaker 4: And it really surprised me. It was frustrating because you know, here we are in, well, when [00:12:30] I was doing this, it was like 2008 right? And all I wanted to know is how different brain regions connect. And I was like, why can't I just go to a website and say, okay, striatum, what are its inputs and outputs? Like we have that information, right? Why can't I do that? Um, and so anyway, that was one of the motivating factors for me also. And there's actually a paper published in 2002 called neuro names. And then this researcher was trying to create an ontology of, of brain region names Ryan. So the terms that we use now in 2012 aren't necessarily [00:13:00] the same that people were using back in 1900 when they were first describing the basic anatomy. And so you have some Latin names for brain regions. Speaker 4: You have modern names for brain regions, you have names for different groupings of brain regions. So I referred earlier to the base like Ganglia, uh, and that is composed of, you know, maybe five different brain regions. And if I talk about three of those brain regions, uh, can I give examples? Is the putamen and the Globus Pallidus, uh, Globus Pallidus is actually contained [00:13:30] of two separate ones. And the putamen and Globus Pallidus if you combine them together or known by one name. But if you combine the putamen with the striatum, that's a different name. And so you actually have these weird venn diagram overlapping naming Schema. Speaker 1: There's a significant vocabulary problem, which is the term that we use in the information sciences. Basically the fact that you have multiple names for the same thing and you have the same name for some different things. So you know this venn diagram idea. Um, so yeah, [00:14:00] if you're going to use a very simple search algorithm, you have, you can't do it, you wouldn't, you're not going to get all of the results. So, um, I think our system tries to solve that vocabulary problem a little bit. Speaker 4: And then there's actually a researcher, um, Russ Poltrack drag, who used to be a faculty of neuroscience at UCLA and I think he's in University of Texas now. And he actually tried to create an ontology for cognitive term. So in cognitive science and psychology and cognitive neuroscience, you know, we have terms like working memory [00:14:30] and attention and in they're trying to create a whole ontology for how these different things really. So like working memory as part of memory, which you know, in memory also contains a longterm memory. And so we'll use his first attempt as a dictionary as well. And then we went to the NIH website and they've got a listing of all these different kinds of neurological disorders and we use that. So we pulled a bunch of publicly available data basically and use those dictionaries as our starting point. Speaker 1: And then we [00:15:00] also took suggestions from the people on our website almost immediately we started getting requests for more and different terms. So you had the, when you find two keywords that appear in a paper together, you assume that they're actually related. Can you comment on if people might have demonstrated that they're not actually related, how does that affect your system? Like some, like an instance in which, uh, it says this brain region is not connected to this other [00:15:30] brain region, right? Um, yes, we have assumed that there's a publication bias that if there is not a connection then someone does not publish a paper about that. Speaker 4: Okay. And negative publications or negative findings go very under reported in the scientific literature. Speaker 1: Right. So we're hopefully taking advantage of that. Hopefully the law of large numbers means that our data is mostly correct and it does seem to be that way. The example that Brad gave, uh, with the Allen Brain Atlas, [00:16:00] that there is certain corroborating evidence that seems to suggest that this is a, at least plausible connections. There's obviously no one say that better. No, that's perfectly scientifically accurate. I tend to get a little bit specific when I'm talking about this kind of stuff. Speaker 4: Is there already some sort of bias that might drive certain kinds of papers up? If the paper has a lot of buzzwords, perhaps it suddenly becomes more important. Do you 100% yes, absolutely. There are always [00:16:30] hot topics. Uh, and that shows up for sure Speaker 1: only because there's more papers published on that subject. We don't currently have a any kind of waiting per paper. Speaker 4: Yeah. Like when you go into the website and you'd do something like, um, there's a brain region called the Amygdala and you know, it'll be very strongly associated with fear. And so that's actually one of my concerns is problem getting these biases. So, you know, there's a lot of literature on this brain region, the Amygdala and how it relates to fear, but it certainly does a lot more than just processing fear, [00:17:00] right? It's this general emotional affective labeling sort of idea that anyway, that's, that's neuroscience specific stuff, you know, and brain region called the insula and disgust or love or you know, these other kinds of strong emotions. And so yeah, it definitely reflects certain biases as well. And we, we try and quantify that even to an extent a little bit. So again, using the Allen Brain Atlas data, we show from our Dataset, what are the top five brain regions that express or that are related to dopamine, for example. Speaker 4: And in the real human brain, what are the top five brain [00:17:30] regions that express dopaminergic related genes? And you can actually see that there's a very clear bias. So one of the regions that expresses dobutamine very strongly is very hard to study. Neuroscientifically speaking. It's, it's deepen deep part of the brain. It's hard to get any, it's very small, so you can't get it from like brain scanning expresses a lot of dopamine, but people don't study it and we can actually quantify then some of these under-studied relationships, right? We're like, here's a brain region that we know expresses a lot of dopamine, but there's a a hundred papers only and another [00:18:00] brain region that's very sexy and too about domain has 10,000 papers. Right? So our system shows you an example well of the current state of scientific literature. So it's not necessarily 100% correct, but it reflects what scientists think as a whole at this point. Yeah, I agree. And we try and be very careful about that in the paper and in talking about it like we are right now Speaker 2: [inaudible]Speaker 5: [00:18:30] you are listening to spectrum on k a l x Berkeley. We're talking with user interface developer, Jessica Vojtech and neuroscientist Bradley Vojtech about brain scanner. Speaker 2: [inaudible]Speaker 4: I was really surprised you. I taught neuro anatomy for three semesters here at Berkeley and you know, so I know the anatomy pretty well. And on your first ran it, I had one of those like yes, kind [00:19:00] of moments like I can't believe this work because it really does find all of these clusters really nicely. And that was a very pleasant surprise because technically speaking it couldn't have been any other way. Like it just has to, you know, I mean these topics co-occur a lot, so it should be that way, but it's always nice to see something like that work. Brian, I wanted to ask about the journals that you sent the paper off too. How did you pick them? Art Of picking a journal where to send a paper. It's actually really hard. So certain journals get [00:19:30] more readership than others. And then there's the open access factor. Speaker 4: So I'm, I'm a big open science, open data advocate and so I try and shoot for that. I had forgotten, there's actually sort of a, a very wide protest of Elsevier, which is one of the publishing companies right now. And the journal that published my papers and Elsevier Journal, but, uh, I had signed the petition and I was part of that Nash shortly thereafter. That would have impacted my decision had I been thinking about it. Yeah. And yeah, so it's mainly a balance between readership and expectation and you sort [00:20:00] of get a feel after publishing a few papers of what editors are looking for. And so yeah, I am the one that has experience with navigating the academic publishing environment. Yeah. So yeah, we sent it out to a lot of journals and, uh, mostly it didn't pass editorial review, which means that there's an editor that decides whether or not conceptually it will be interesting for their journal to publish it once got center review at a journal and they're like, well, it was sort of torn. Speaker 4: There were four reviewers, four pure reviewers, [00:20:30] and two of them were fairly enthusiastic and the other two are like, this is cool, but so what? Right. Um, and the general consensus was it didn't fit with the theme of the Journal. The Journal of neuroscience methods point really well and your reviewers are very, and um, actually there's a figure at the end of the paper where we did some integration with the Allen Brain. Alice Paul Allen, one of the co founders of Microsoft who is a cuisine heir, has put half a billion dollars into this institute. [00:21:00] Initially the goal was to map, uh, the expression of all of these different genes in the human brain, in the mouse brain, and they made all that data publicly available. And so we use that as a test data set. So we said, okay, where are these different, uh, neurotransmitter related genes actually expressed in the brain and what does our system think about wearing the brain? These neurotransmitters are, there's a week but significant correlation between the two, which suggests that our system reflects actual reality to a certain extent at least. [00:21:30] And that was a suggestion I got from one of the peer reviewers and that was really good. It was a lot of extra work, but it ended up being a really good addition to the paper. Speaker 1: But both of you guys are involved in science education and science outreach. So I was hoping you can comment on that. I'm actually starting a project with a friend of mine building a neuroscience kids books. So we're going to teach neuroscience to elementary school kids with an electronic ebook featuring the neuron. Yes, featured his name is ned the neuron. He's a pure middle cell and he works in the motor cortex of the brain. [00:22:00] And is the neuroscience focus partly driven by bad or do you have any sort of personal interest in as well? I do have a personal interest in and I, I, you know, obviously it's convenient that my husband is a neuroscientist, but actually the character and the original story idea is my partners who's also a neuroscientist and phd in neuroscience here at cal here at cal. Speaker 4: Yeah. I get this question a fair amount. Like why do I do blogging and outreach and things like that. So there's actually a few answers to that. One I find blogging, uh, helps me [00:22:30] do better science. If I have to figure out a very simple way of explaining something, then I feel like I understand it better. It's sort of like one of the best ways to learn something is by trying to teach it. Right. I had a very strange path to academia. I actually got kicked out as an undergraduate from the university. I had to sort of beg my way back in because my grades were pretty low. You know, a couple of people help me out along the way and that were pretty important to me. And I think a lot of Grad students have this experience where they, they feel like they don't belong there in in sense that like, oh [00:23:00] my God, I'm not smart enough to do this. Speaker 4: You know? And when I look at the resumes or cvs of, you know, tenured faculty here at Berkeley, right? It's just paper after paper and award and amazing achievement and you're just like struggling to even understand how to write a paper and it seems just like this daunting, intractable problem. And so because of that, I actually have a section in my CV where I actually list every time a paper has been rejected. I've actually had graduate students tell me that. That's been kind of Nice to see that you know, you see somebody who's doing pretty well and you see that, you know, in order to get there [00:23:30] you sort of have to slog through a lot of crap. Speaker 1: Did you plan to work together some more? I think so. You know, we're obviously working together to raise a son right now. We actually were talking on the way over here about trying to implement some of the ideas we've Speaker 4: been talking about that people have suggested. I think we could definitely do that. Yeah, there's definitely a lot of overlap. I'm very interested in dynamic data visualization and that's something that Jesse's is obviously getting quite quite good at and so I'd [00:24:00] like to start doing that for a lot of my research papers as well. Brad and Jess, thanks for joining us. Oh, thank you very much for having us. Thank you so much for having us. Speaker 2: [inaudible]Speaker 6: and now for some science news headlines. Here's Renee Rao and Brad sweet Speaker 2: [inaudible]Speaker 7: [00:24:30] the Berkeley new center reports researchers at the University of California Berkeley are gathering evidence this fall that the Feisty Fox squirrels scampering around campus or not just mindlessly foraging for food but engaging in a long term savings strategy to track the nut stashing activity. The student researchers are using GPS technology to record all of the food burials and in the process are creating [00:25:00] an elaborate map showing every campus tree building and garbage can. Miquel Delgado a doctorial student in psychology heads the squirrel research team in the laboratory of UC Berkeley, psychologist Luchea Jacobs. The research team is replicating the caching experiment on humans by timing students as they burry Easter eggs on campus and try to find them. We're using humans as a model for squirrel behavior to ask questions that we can't ask. Squirrels still got us said the group has a cow squirrels website to promote their work. Speaker 6: [00:25:30] UC Berkeley professor of cell and molecular biology and chemistry. Carolyn Bertozzi has won the 2012 Heinrich Violin prize. Professor Bartow Z has founded the field of bio orthogonal chemistry. In her groundbreaking approach, she creatively exploits the benefits of synthetic chemistry to study the vital processes within living beings. Professor Dr Volk Gang Baumeister, chair of the board of Trustees of the Heinrich Violin Prize says of Professor Berto z. [00:26:00] Her breakthrough method to identify sugar patterns on the cell surface is a milestone for our understanding of the functions of sugars in health and disease and paves the way for novel diagnostic and therapeutic approaches. Speaker 3: Irregular feature of spectrum is a calendar of some of the science and technology related events happening in the bay area over the next two weeks. Brad swift and Renee Rao join me for this. The second annual Bay Area Science Festival is wrapping up this weekend. [00:26:30] Highlights include art in science and gallery gala showing the intersection of image and research tonight at the Berkeley Arts Festival, Gallery Science superheros tonight at the Tech Museum in San Jose and discovery days at at and t park tomorrow November 3rd from 11:00 AM to 4:00 PM last year more than 21,000 people showed up to this free event this year. There are more than 150 exhibits. Visit Bay area science.org for more information about any of these [00:27:00] great activities and to see their regular calendar of science goings on. Speaker 6: Big Ideas. Berkeley is an annual innovation contest that provides funding, support, and encouragement to interdisciplinary teams of UC undergraduate and graduate students who have big ideas. The pre-proposal entry deadline is 5:00 PM November six 2012 all pre-proposals must be submitted via the online application on the big ideas website. Remember there are big idea advisers to help students craft [00:27:30] their pre-proposals. You can drop in at room 100 Blum hall during scheduled hours or email advisers to schedule an appointment at another time. Check the big ideas website for advisor times or to make an appointment. There will also be an editing blitz November 5th from five to 8:00 PM in room, 100 of bloom hall advisors and past winters will be available to provide applicants with valuable last-minute insights and advice on your pre-proposal. This is a great opportunity to hone your proposal and get support from those [00:28:00] who know what it takes to build a successful big idea. The big ideas website is big ideas.berkeley.edu Speaker 7: on November 8th the center for ethnographic research will hold a colloquium to understand cancer treatment trajectories using an array of ethnographic data. The Speaker Daniel Dohan and associate professor in the Phillip r Lee Institute for Health Policy Studies. We'll discuss this research about inequality and culture with a focus on cancer. He will focus on his most recent study which examines how patients [00:28:30] with advanced diseases find out about and decide whether to participate in clinical trials of new cancer drugs. The event, which is free and open to the public, will be held from four to 5:30 PM at 25 38 Channing waySpeaker 2: [inaudible]Speaker 5: the music you [00:29:00] heard during say show was spend less on and David from his album book and Acoustic, it is released under a creative Commons license version 3.0 spectrum was recorded and edited by me, Rick Karnofsky, and by Brad Swift. Thank you for listening to spectrum. If you have comments about the show, please send them to us via email. Our email address is spectrum dot k a l x@yahoo.com [00:29:30] join us in two weeks at this same time. [inaudible]. See acast.com/privacy for privacy and opt-out information.

The Voyteks created the Brain Systems, Connections, Associations, and Network Relationships engine, or brainSCANr. The tool is used to explore the relationships between different terms in peer reviewed publications. http://brainscanr.com/TranscriptSpeaker 1: Spectrum's next Speaker 2: [inaudible].Speaker 1: Welcome to spectrum [00:00:30] the science and technology show on k a l x Berkeley, a biweekly 30 minute program bringing you interviews featuring bay area scientists and technologists as well as a calendar of local events and news. Speaker 3: Good afternoon. I'm Rick Karnofsky. Brad swift and I are the hosts of today's show. We're speaking with Jessica and Bradley Vojtech. Jessica is a designer and a developer who earned her master's of information management and systems here at cal and has [00:01:00] worked on several UC Berkeley websites. She's also working on the future of science education through projects like ned the neuron. Brad is in NIH, N N I g m s postdoctoral fellow at ucs f. He got his phd from cal. He's a prolific blogger and Zombie expert. The void techs are here to talk about brain systems, connections and associations and network relationships or brain scanner. This website helps people explore [00:01:30] how neuroscience terms relate to one another in the peer reviewed literature. They've documented their project in our recent journal of neuroscience methods paper. Speaker 4: Brad and Jessica, welcome to spectrum. Thank you for having us. Thanks. Can you tell us a little bit about brain scanner? Actually, I was at a conference here at cal hell by the CSA, so the cognitive science student association and Undergraduate Association here at cal that they had several neuroscientists and cognitive scientists come and give presentations and I was one of those people. I [00:02:00] was on a panel with a Stanford cognitive scientists at the end of the day. It was a Q and a. We got into a question about what can be known in the neurosciences and I had mentioned that the peer reviewed neuroscientific literature probably smarter than we are. There's something like 3 million peer reviewed neuroscientific publications and I was saying that that is just too many. There is no way for anybody to to integrate all of those facts and I said if there some automated or algorithmic way of doing that, we could probably find some neat stuff out and he disagreed with me pretty strongly on the panel [00:02:30] and I sort of stewed on that for awhile. Speaker 4: That ended up becoming the brain scanner project actually, which is using text mining to look at how different topics in the neurosciences relate to one another. We had conversation about this and I had just started about six months before my a master's program at the School of Information. So all of the stuff that he was saying really jived with what I was learning. So we got together after that. We talked about it off and on sort of over dinner and stuff occasionally, but I think it was [00:03:00] right around won't. Right, right before we found out you were pregnant. Right, right around Christmas when we first actually sat down together to work on it and that was just a random evening. We didn't have, well, we didn't have a baby at the time, so we didn't have much else to do. Brad was working on this thing and he said, you know, I've been working on this all day. Speaker 4: I'm trying to get this algorithm to work and see if we can get any results out of this. And I kind of challenged him. I said, I can do that faster than you can started taking my course. I had [00:03:30] all of these new skills that I just wanted to kind of show off. And I did. She actually beat me. You guys were both sort of where we were. We're basically coding. Yeah. We're sitting on the couch. Not really cause we weren't actually doing it together. We are using two different competitor competing. Exactly. So who do you see as the audience for brain scanner? Well I know the answer to that someone. Right. So I have colleagues who tell me a lot of Grad students actually mostly a who say that they use it as a stop for [00:04:00] searching. The peer reviewed neuroscientific literature. So pub med, which is the surface run by the National Library of medicine, which is part of the national institutes for health index is a lot of these peer reviewed biomedical journals. Speaker 4: Their search engine is quite good but it returns just textual information. You know, you just, you see the 20 most recently published papers or you know, however you want to sort it related to the search term or of interest. Yeah. So basically anybody who wants to create an app can get access to this data. You have to follow certain [00:04:30] rules, but otherwise you can get the information out of this database easily. In a, in a sort of standard format, we provide a graphic or a visualization layer on top of the search so you can put in one of these search terms and you can see here are the topics that relate to it very strongly in literature. Statistically speaking, you know, uh, by that I mean here are the words or terms that show up a lot in papers with the term memory for example. We also then list the papers that are related and you can see the full list of terms and [00:05:00] how it relates to different topics and things like that. Um, if I want to look at a brain region and say, okay, what are the other brain regions that are related to this can really quickly visually see that based upon these 3 million publications that we, we searched through Speaker 2: [inaudible]Speaker 4: you are listening to spectrum on k a l x Berkeley. We're talking to with user interface developer, Jessica Vojtech. And neuroscientists, Bradley Wojciech about brain scanner Speaker 2: [inaudible]Speaker 4: [00:05:30] do you see other potentially valuable ways you can harness PubMed's data or other reference sources? Yeah, absolutely. So one of the aspects actually of the paper that we published was ways to address that, that very question. Uh, initially we tried to publish the paper just as a here's a, here's a resource or one of the editor's version on that rejected the paper, said, you know, what, what can you do with this? And a, of course, you know, this is something we've been thinking about. And [00:06:00] so I tried to build a proof of concept. So one of the, one of the things that we showed statistically speaking that you can do with this, does the data they call hypothesis generation or semiautomated hypothesis generation. And this works off of a very simple idea. Um, it's almost like recommend their algorithms and um, like linkedin or Facebook or something like that. Speaker 4: You know, it's like if you know this person, you might know this person, kind of a friend of a friend should be a friend idea. You know, Rick and I, I know you and you know Rick, maybe you have a friend named Jim. And so statistically speaking, [00:06:30] Jim and I might get along right because you and I get along and you, and he'd get along, especially if I and Jim get along. And so you can go through algorithmically and say, you know, in the literature if Migraine for example, which is the example you give in the paper, uh, is strongly related to a neurotransmitter Serotonin, which I didn't know before we made the website actually, um, that in the medical literature there's a whole serotonin hypothesis from migraines I guess because Migraines respond to, uh, antidepressants, which are usually serotonergic drugs. So anyway, Serotonin [00:07:00] and Migraines are very strongly related and neuroscientists know a lot about the basic physiology of Serotonin, where in the brain is expressed and things like that. Speaker 4: And so on the neuroscience side, we know that Serotonin is very strongly expressed in, in a brain region called the striatum, which is sort of deep frontal part of the brain. And, uh, there's thousands of papers that talk about Serotonin and Migraines and Serotonin in this brain region, the striatum respectively, but there's only 19 papers or something like that to talk about that brain region and migraines. [00:07:30] And so statistically speaking, maybe we're missing something here, right? Maybe just nobody's really looked at this connection between migraines in that brain region. Maybe there aren't papers published on it because people have looked and there's nothing there. But, uh, that's why it's somewhat automated. You can go through this list of recommended hypotheses and you as an expert, I can go through that list and say, oh, some of these are nonsense. Or Oh, that's, that could be interesting. Speaker 4: Maybe. Maybe we should look into that. So it gives you a low hanging fruit basically. Yeah. And so that would be something [00:08:00] eventually I would like to build into the site. Are you continuing to analyze new papers as they enter in pub med? We haven't rerun it for awhile. I think there's something on the order of 10,000 new papers published every month in the neurosciences. But when you're standing in the face of 3 million, it's sort of drop in the bucket. So we, we worry running it every month or two. Um, but the results really don't change very quickly. Right. It's pretty stable. So yes, we, we should actually [00:08:30] run it again. It's been about six months or so. If you guys actually like, well I mean as a or perhaps how, you know, the ideas in the literature might change. For instance, that's actually something that I did do. Speaker 4: Um, I eliminated the searches to just bring the regions, so how different brain regions relate to each other across time. So I did a search for all papers published up to like 1905, which wasn't very many. Of course not in your, you know, you have an exponential increase in the number of being published. Okay. But then again, I ran it again for all papers published to like up to 1935, [00:09:00] 55, 75, 95 and you know, 2005, right? Uh, or 2011. And you could actually see how our understanding of how different brain regions relate change over time. And that was kind of neat. Um, if I was going to be a little bit statistically, uh, stronger about this, what I should have done in the original paper, and I didn't think about it until after we republished it was I should've run the semiautomated hypothesis generation algorithm, uh, on a limited amount of data. So I test data set up to like say 1990 [00:09:30] and then found plausible hypotheses from that Dataset and then run it again on the entire thing and see, you know, if we had found new things. And you know, if that corroborated what we've learned in the last 22 years. Speaker 2: [inaudible]Speaker 5: you're listening to spectrum on k a l x Berkeley. We're talking with Brad and Jessica Vojtech about brain scanner. They're a site to show links [00:10:00] that may exist between brain structures, cognitive functions, neurological disorders, and more as data mined from the academic literature. Speaker 2: [inaudible]Speaker 4: I mean this is a side side project for us. Yeah, Speaker 1: it was two weeks in $11 and 50 cents. And what did that go to? Um, coffee and coffee. Yeah. [00:10:30] Um, no it, it went into the Google app engine server time. So we actually were able to use Google app engine to distribute the processing, which is also what made mind my code a little bit quicker to run through all of this data. Speaker 4: I was doing single queries at a time and because we have 800 terms in the database and we have to do how every term relates to every other term, it's 800 squared,Speaker 1: try to buy two essentially. And then there's the roundtrip between between his your machine and the um, [00:11:00] pub met database. So, you know, you're making requests, you're making requests, making requests anyway. It was maybe three days, three days or four days. And I was able to do it in about two hours by um, putting it into the cloud and using app engine. So that $11 and 50 cents went to paying for the service and agree to say a hundred squared divided by two minus 800 a lot. So do you want to talk about how that dictionary of keywords was generated? Speaker 4: Initially I [00:11:30] had wanted to try and figure out how brain regions relate this. This grew out of my phd work actually at Berkeley. I worked with Professor Bob Knight who used to be the head of the neurosciences institute, Helen Wells neuroscience here. And my phd thesis was looking at how to brain regions, the prefrontal cortex and the Basal Ganglia related to working memory. And as I was standing for my qualifying exams, I was trying to figure out, okay, what are the brain regions that send inputs to [00:12:00] [inaudible], which is one of the parts of the Basal Ganglia and where he dies this ride in project two. And in order to figure that out, I spent, I don't know, two months off and on three months off and on over at the biomedical library here, digging through old, uh, anatomical papers from the 1970s and basically drawing little hand-drawn charts to try and figure out how these things connected. Speaker 4: And it really surprised me. It was frustrating because you know, here we are in, well, when [00:12:30] I was doing this, it was like 2008 right? And all I wanted to know is how different brain regions connect. And I was like, why can't I just go to a website and say, okay, striatum, what are its inputs and outputs? Like we have that information, right? Why can't I do that? Um, and so anyway, that was one of the motivating factors for me also. And there's actually a paper published in 2002 called neuro names. And then this researcher was trying to create an ontology of, of brain region names Ryan. So the terms that we use now in 2012 aren't necessarily [00:13:00] the same that people were using back in 1900 when they were first describing the basic anatomy. And so you have some Latin names for brain regions. Speaker 4: You have modern names for brain regions, you have names for different groupings of brain regions. So I referred earlier to the base like Ganglia, uh, and that is composed of, you know, maybe five different brain regions. And if I talk about three of those brain regions, uh, can I give examples? Is the putamen and the Globus Pallidus, uh, Globus Pallidus is actually contained [00:13:30] of two separate ones. And the putamen and Globus Pallidus if you combine them together or known by one name. But if you combine the putamen with the striatum, that's a different name. And so you actually have these weird venn diagram overlapping naming Schema. Speaker 1: There's a significant vocabulary problem, which is the term that we use in the information sciences. Basically the fact that you have multiple names for the same thing and you have the same name for some different things. So you know this venn diagram idea. Um, so yeah, [00:14:00] if you're going to use a very simple search algorithm, you have, you can't do it, you wouldn't, you're not going to get all of the results. So, um, I think our system tries to solve that vocabulary problem a little bit. Speaker 4: And then there's actually a researcher, um, Russ Poltrack drag, who used to be a faculty of neuroscience at UCLA and I think he's in University of Texas now. And he actually tried to create an ontology for cognitive term. So in cognitive science and psychology and cognitive neuroscience, you know, we have terms like working memory [00:14:30] and attention and in they're trying to create a whole ontology for how these different things really. So like working memory as part of memory, which you know, in memory also contains a longterm memory. And so we'll use his first attempt as a dictionary as well. And then we went to the NIH website and they've got a listing of all these different kinds of neurological disorders and we use that. So we pulled a bunch of publicly available data basically and use those dictionaries as our starting point. Speaker 1: And then we [00:15:00] also took suggestions from the people on our website almost immediately we started getting requests for more and different terms. So you had the, when you find two keywords that appear in a paper together, you assume that they're actually related. Can you comment on if people might have demonstrated that they're not actually related, how does that affect your system? Like some, like an instance in which, uh, it says this brain region is not connected to this other [00:15:30] brain region, right? Um, yes, we have assumed that there's a publication bias that if there is not a connection then someone does not publish a paper about that. Speaker 4: Okay. And negative publications or negative findings go very under reported in the scientific literature. Speaker 1: Right. So we're hopefully taking advantage of that. Hopefully the law of large numbers means that our data is mostly correct and it does seem to be that way. The example that Brad gave, uh, with the Allen Brain Atlas, [00:16:00] that there is certain corroborating evidence that seems to suggest that this is a, at least plausible connections. There's obviously no one say that better. No, that's perfectly scientifically accurate. I tend to get a little bit specific when I'm talking about this kind of stuff. Speaker 4: Is there already some sort of bias that might drive certain kinds of papers up? If the paper has a lot of buzzwords, perhaps it suddenly becomes more important. Do you 100% yes, absolutely. There are always [00:16:30] hot topics. Uh, and that shows up for sure Speaker 1: only because there's more papers published on that subject. We don't currently have a any kind of waiting per paper. Speaker 4: Yeah. Like when you go into the website and you'd do something like, um, there's a brain region called the Amygdala and you know, it'll be very strongly associated with fear. And so that's actually one of my concerns is problem getting these biases. So, you know, there's a lot of literature on this brain region, the Amygdala and how it relates to fear, but it certainly does a lot more than just processing fear, [00:17:00] right? It's this general emotional affective labeling sort of idea that anyway, that's, that's neuroscience specific stuff, you know, and brain region called the insula and disgust or love or you know, these other kinds of strong emotions. And so yeah, it definitely reflects certain biases as well. And we, we try and quantify that even to an extent a little bit. So again, using the Allen Brain Atlas data, we show from our Dataset, what are the top five brain regions that express or that are related to dopamine, for example. Speaker 4: And in the real human brain, what are the top five brain [00:17:30] regions that express dopaminergic related genes? And you can actually see that there's a very clear bias. So one of the regions that expresses dobutamine very strongly is very hard to study. Neuroscientifically speaking. It's, it's deepen deep part of the brain. It's hard to get any, it's very small, so you can't get it from like brain scanning expresses a lot of dopamine, but people don't study it and we can actually quantify then some of these under-studied relationships, right? We're like, here's a brain region that we know expresses a lot of dopamine, but there's a a hundred papers only and another [00:18:00] brain region that's very sexy and too about domain has 10,000 papers. Right? So our system shows you an example well of the current state of scientific literature. So it's not necessarily 100% correct, but it reflects what scientists think as a whole at this point. Yeah, I agree. And we try and be very careful about that in the paper and in talking about it like we are right now Speaker 2: [inaudible]Speaker 5: [00:18:30] you are listening to spectrum on k a l x Berkeley. We're talking with user interface developer, Jessica Vojtech and neuroscientist Bradley Vojtech about brain scanner. Speaker 2: [inaudible]Speaker 4: I was really surprised you. I taught neuro anatomy for three semesters here at Berkeley and you know, so I know the anatomy pretty well. And on your first ran it, I had one of those like yes, kind [00:19:00] of moments like I can't believe this work because it really does find all of these clusters really nicely. And that was a very pleasant surprise because technically speaking it couldn't have been any other way. Like it just has to, you know, I mean these topics co-occur a lot, so it should be that way, but it's always nice to see something like that work. Brian, I wanted to ask about the journals that you sent the paper off too. How did you pick them? Art Of picking a journal where to send a paper. It's actually really hard. So certain journals get [00:19:30] more readership than others. And then there's the open access factor. Speaker 4: So I'm, I'm a big open science, open data advocate and so I try and shoot for that. I had forgotten, there's actually sort of a, a very wide protest of Elsevier, which is one of the publishing companies right now. And the journal that published my papers and Elsevier Journal, but, uh, I had signed the petition and I was part of that Nash shortly thereafter. That would have impacted my decision had I been thinking about it. Yeah. And yeah, so it's mainly a balance between readership and expectation and you sort [00:20:00] of get a feel after publishing a few papers of what editors are looking for. And so yeah, I am the one that has experience with navigating the academic publishing environment. Yeah. So yeah, we sent it out to a lot of journals and, uh, mostly it didn't pass editorial review, which means that there's an editor that decides whether or not conceptually it will be interesting for their journal to publish it once got center review at a journal and they're like, well, it was sort of torn. Speaker 4: There were four reviewers, four pure reviewers, [00:20:30] and two of them were fairly enthusiastic and the other two are like, this is cool, but so what? Right. Um, and the general consensus was it didn't fit with the theme of the Journal. The Journal of neuroscience methods point really well and your reviewers are very, and um, actually there's a figure at the end of the paper where we did some integration with the Allen Brain. Alice Paul Allen, one of the co founders of Microsoft who is a cuisine heir, has put half a billion dollars into this institute. [00:21:00] Initially the goal was to map, uh, the expression of all of these different genes in the human brain, in the mouse brain, and they made all that data publicly available. And so we use that as a test data set. So we said, okay, where are these different, uh, neurotransmitter related genes actually expressed in the brain and what does our system think about wearing the brain? These neurotransmitters are, there's a week but significant correlation between the two, which suggests that our system reflects actual reality to a certain extent at least. [00:21:30] And that was a suggestion I got from one of the peer reviewers and that was really good. It was a lot of extra work, but it ended up being a really good addition to the paper. Speaker 1: But both of you guys are involved in science education and science outreach. So I was hoping you can comment on that. I'm actually starting a project with a friend of mine building a neuroscience kids books. So we're going to teach neuroscience to elementary school kids with an electronic ebook featuring the neuron. Yes, featured his name is ned the neuron. He's a pure middle cell and he works in the motor cortex of the brain. [00:22:00] And is the neuroscience focus partly driven by bad or do you have any sort of personal interest in as well? I do have a personal interest in and I, I, you know, obviously it's convenient that my husband is a neuroscientist, but actually the character and the original story idea is my partners who's also a neuroscientist and phd in neuroscience here at cal here at cal. Speaker 4: Yeah. I get this question a fair amount. Like why do I do blogging and outreach and things like that. So there's actually a few answers to that. One I find blogging, uh, helps me [00:22:30] do better science. If I have to figure out a very simple way of explaining something, then I feel like I understand it better. It's sort of like one of the best ways to learn something is by trying to teach it. Right. I had a very strange path to academia. I actually got kicked out as an undergraduate from the university. I had to sort of beg my way back in because my grades were pretty low. You know, a couple of people help me out along the way and that were pretty important to me. And I think a lot of Grad students have this experience where they, they feel like they don't belong there in in sense that like, oh [00:23:00] my God, I'm not smart enough to do this. Speaker 4: You know? And when I look at the resumes or cvs of, you know, tenured faculty here at Berkeley, right? It's just paper after paper and award and amazing achievement and you're just like struggling to even understand how to write a paper and it seems just like this daunting, intractable problem. And so because of that, I actually have a section in my CV where I actually list every time a paper has been rejected. I've actually had graduate students tell me that. That's been kind of Nice to see that you know, you see somebody who's doing pretty well and you see that, you know, in order to get there [00:23:30] you sort of have to slog through a lot of crap. Speaker 1: Did you plan to work together some more? I think so. You know, we're obviously working together to raise a son right now. We actually were talking on the way over here about trying to implement some of the ideas we've Speaker 4: been talking about that people have suggested. I think we could definitely do that. Yeah, there's definitely a lot of overlap. I'm very interested in dynamic data visualization and that's something that Jesse's is obviously getting quite quite good at and so I'd [00:24:00] like to start doing that for a lot of my research papers as well. Brad and Jess, thanks for joining us. Oh, thank you very much for having us. Thank you so much for having us. Speaker 2: [inaudible]Speaker 6: and now for some science news headlines. Here's Renee Rao and Brad sweet Speaker 2: [inaudible]Speaker 7: [00:24:30] the Berkeley new center reports researchers at the University of California Berkeley are gathering evidence this fall that the Feisty Fox squirrels scampering around campus or not just mindlessly foraging for food but engaging in a long term savings strategy to track the nut stashing activity. The student researchers are using GPS technology to record all of the food burials and in the process are creating [00:25:00] an elaborate map showing every campus tree building and garbage can. Miquel Delgado a doctorial student in psychology heads the squirrel research team in the laboratory of UC Berkeley, psychologist Luchea Jacobs. The research team is replicating the caching experiment on humans by timing students as they burry Easter eggs on campus and try to find them. We're using humans as a model for squirrel behavior to ask questions that we can't ask. Squirrels still got us said the group has a cow squirrels website to promote their work. Speaker 6: [00:25:30] UC Berkeley professor of cell and molecular biology and chemistry. Carolyn Bertozzi has won the 2012 Heinrich Violin prize. Professor Bartow Z has founded the field of bio orthogonal chemistry. In her groundbreaking approach, she creatively exploits the benefits of synthetic chemistry to study the vital processes within living beings. Professor Dr Volk Gang Baumeister, chair of the board of Trustees of the Heinrich Violin Prize says of Professor Berto z. [00:26:00] Her breakthrough method to identify sugar patterns on the cell surface is a milestone for our understanding of the functions of sugars in health and disease and paves the way for novel diagnostic and therapeutic approaches. Speaker 3: Irregular feature of spectrum is a calendar of some of the science and technology related events happening in the bay area over the next two weeks. Brad swift and Renee Rao join me for this. The second annual Bay Area Science Festival is wrapping up this weekend. [00:26:30] Highlights include art in science and gallery gala showing the intersection of image and research tonight at the Berkeley Arts Festival, Gallery Science superheros tonight at the Tech Museum in San Jose and discovery days at at and t park tomorrow November 3rd from 11:00 AM to 4:00 PM last year more than 21,000 people showed up to this free event this year. There are more than 150 exhibits. Visit Bay area science.org for more information about any of these [00:27:00] great activities and to see their regular calendar of science goings on. Speaker 6: Big Ideas. Berkeley is an annual innovation contest that provides funding, support, and encouragement to interdisciplinary teams of UC undergraduate and graduate students who have big ideas. The pre-proposal entry deadline is 5:00 PM November six 2012 all pre-proposals must be submitted via the online application on the big ideas website. Remember there are big idea advisers to help students craft [00:27:30] their pre-proposals. You can drop in at room 100 Blum hall during scheduled hours or email advisers to schedule an appointment at another time. Check the big ideas website for advisor times or to make an appointment. There will also be an editing blitz November 5th from five to 8:00 PM in room, 100 of bloom hall advisors and past winters will be available to provide applicants with valuable last-minute insights and advice on your pre-proposal. This is a great opportunity to hone your proposal and get support from those [00:28:00] who know what it takes to build a successful big idea. The big ideas website is big ideas.berkeley.edu Speaker 7: on November 8th the center for ethnographic research will hold a colloquium to understand cancer treatment trajectories using an array of ethnographic data. The Speaker Daniel Dohan and associate professor in the Phillip r Lee Institute for Health Policy Studies. We'll discuss this research about inequality and culture with a focus on cancer. He will focus on his most recent study which examines how patients [00:28:30] with advanced diseases find out about and decide whether to participate in clinical trials of new cancer drugs. The event, which is free and open to the public, will be held from four to 5:30 PM at 25 38 Channing waySpeaker 2: [inaudible]Speaker 5: the music you [00:29:00] heard during say show was spend less on and David from his album book and Acoustic, it is released under a creative Commons license version 3.0 spectrum was recorded and edited by me, Rick Karnofsky, and by Brad Swift. Thank you for listening to spectrum. If you have comments about the show, please send them to us via email. Our email address is spectrum dot k a l x@yahoo.com [00:29:30] join us in two weeks at this same time. [inaudible]. Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.