Podcasts about south north

Be sure to visit the website at www.jesussmokes.com or follow them on IG @jesussmokesofficial to peep all the Merch. Also follow Ms. South North SouthWest on IG @southnorthsouthwest or check out he cannabis company www.stickymittenmi.comSee omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Chris's family along with the police are not alone in their mistrust of the government. This next weekend the Conservatives are holding their Annual Party Conference in Manchester. Which is a bit rude - to put it mildly - where the main item on the agenda is the closing down of the continued construction of the High-speed Rail link that travels from London to Birmingham and is scheduled to go to Manchester. The South/North divide is strong in England, and Andy Burnham the major of Greater Manchester sees this move for what it is. Like a true northerner he is able to speak his mind.

NFL Previews are here! Today, Karter and Connor preview the NFC South and North divisions. They go in-depth on each team and discuss whether they like their win total over or under, favorite bets, and division winners! Make sure to subscribe to the show! #football #nfl #panthers #saints #vikings #packers #bears #lions #falcons #bucs Chapters (0:00) Intro (2:22) NFC South Odds (2:35) Tampa Bay Bucs (11:16) Carolina Panthers (24:51) Atlanta Falcons (31:36) New Orleans Saints (35:35) Favorite Bets (37:00) NFC North Odds (37:18) Chicago Bears (44:48) Green Bay Packers (48:26) Minnesota Vikings (53:04) Detroit Lions (1:01:15) The End Social Media: Twitter: @karterkast @karterb8 @connor_sparrow TikTok: @karterkast Instagram: @karterkast Hosted by: Karter Baughan and Connor Sparrow

This series of podcast episodes will focus on Decolonising Research, and feature talks from the Decolonising Research Festival held at the University of Exeter in June and July 2022. The fourth epsiode of the series will feature Professor Raewyn Connell from the University of Syndey and her talk 'Decolonising the work of research'. Music credit: Happy Boy Theme Kevin MacLeod (incompetech.com) Licensed under Creative Commons: By Attribution 3.0 License http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/   Transcription 00:09 Hello, and welcome to rd in the in betweens. I'm your host Kelly Preece. And every fortnight I talk to a different guest about researchers development, and everything in between. Hello, and welcome to the fourth in our series on decolonizing research. In this episode we hear from Professor Raewyn Connell from the University of Sydney on decolonizing, the work of research   00:44 greetings from Sydney in Australia, I'm Raven, Carnell, and I'm speaking to you on the subject of decolonizing, the work of research, and the significance of the word work will come through. I'm pleased to send you best wishes for this very interesting and imaginative idea of a festival of decolonization in, in, in relation to research. Which event of a kind, I haven't come across the form. I'm interested, of course, because I am a researcher, I've been working for going on around 50 years, as a researcher still trying to learn about it. And there is always much to learn. But I do have some experience then. And that tells me that research is above all else, as a practical matter, matter of things you actually do forms of labor, and, and communication. And that's basically the approach that I want to take in in discussing decolonization. And I wanted to start with a couple of images of the country that I'm speaking from, which illustrates something about knowledge and coloniality. So at this point, I will attempt the great technological feat of sharing my screen choosing my PowerPoint presentation, go you share. And then attempting even to go full screen. So is that successful? Is that come through? Yes, yeah. Excellent. Excellent. Okay, we're underway then. Let me show you a couple of pictures of Australia, not the tourist version. But one from Australian history Australia is a settler colonial country. Its modern society has taken a form shaped by that 230 years of colonization, emigration, and forcible occupation of the land that had previously been occupied by indigenous people who have been here for according to the archaeologists, something like 70,000 years, this is one of the oldest, continuously existing cultures in the world, if not the oldest. But what I'm showing you here is a picture from the late 19th century. A picture drawn by one of the colonizers and published in a local magazine in Melbourne, showing the kind of settlement that moved British occupation out across the land. This is what we in Australia have, for a long time called a station. Perhaps what the Americans understand is backed by a wrench that's in the Western District of Victoria place called Hopkins Hill. And it shows the house that was built by the family to whom this land was granted under colonial rule by the colonial government. And I like this picture because not only does it show how basically European style of art architecture was brought here with perhaps a touch of Indian experience, Imperial experience in it in the wide veranda. But also something about the people who did it because if you look closely   05:15 at the picture, you'll see four people in the middle of the picture standing in front of the house. They are white, they are men, and they're all carrying guns. And somehow that encapsulates a certain relationship to the land. And this has been processed, of taking land that has been characteristic of the whole Imperial story. The second image I want to show you is a modern one, it's contemporary. It's now can I cause? No, why? There we are, that's what I do. This is a painting by a woman of an Aboriginal community indigenous community from the central desert of the continent. In a style, which some of you will recognize, because this is now the most famous art style in Australia known as Dark painting, central desert painting. It's a woman's image, painted by a woman and embodying knowledge, embedding knowledge, which belongs to the women of that particular community. It's called Honey and dreaming. And it's not only an image of the land, the circular parts of the drawing represent water holes and sources of water in order is a very dry landscape. And places where groups of women may gather at a particular time of year. And the U shaped. Symbols in a painting represent people sitting in a sandy place. There's also a representation of water, the lines connecting the water holes show flows of water across the land. And also embedded in the pictures knowledge of when a particular food source. The honey ants, which are the species of ant that gather honey from flowers, and from the plants of the area, are available to be to be harvested by the community. So what you've got here is not just an image, but also a body of knowledge, what we might think of as multidisciplinary knowledge, about geography, about hydrography, about social relations as to who's entitled to have this knowledge and also about biology. And that is something I'd like you to bear in mind. When I talk about the different patterns of knowledge that we come across in thinking about coloniality and decolonization. I want to move from that immediately to territory that's more familiar to most of us here, and that is the disciplinary knowledge system, more knowledge formation, that is characteristic of universities in all parts of the world that produces the mainstream curriculum that I have taught and some of you have taught and all of you have studied. That's a pattern of knowledge, which has been analyzed in this topologies, sociology, knowledge and so on and so forth. Great deal. It's something that I've written about, in if you'll excuse the advertisement in my most recent book, known as the good university, the first chapter of that book, discusses the research what I call the research based knowledge formation and discusses the nature of the labor that goes into research and the different kinds of labor actually that combine to produce   10:01 research based knowledge. As I say in in that book, there are multiple forms of labor in research, five principal ones that I identify. One is consultation with the archive. That is the body of knowledge already existing in interdisciplinary field. When graduate students write their review of the literature in chapter one of the PhD thesis, that's basically what they're doing. Then there's the labor of encounter, which may be data gathering in the field, it may be experimentation, maybe the study of literary texts in the humanities, or artistic images, all of that, but the encounter of the researcher or researchers with their materials is interesting form of labor. And what they've encountered or as they're encountering, they're also concerned with what it means. And this involves a kind of labor that I call patenting, which involves theorization, it involves data analysis, a statistical data analysis, involves interpretation of texts, and the like. And that also is required in the overall movement of disciplinary knowledge. And then this one I call labor of critique, when you got your materials when you've done your patenting, or you want to know what you've got, it's different from what was there before. So you have to relate it back to the archive, that you knew at the beginning of the process, and revise the archive in the light of the new knowledge that you've generated. That's the labor that I call Critique. And in that sense, critique is the growth point of disciplinary knowledge. And then finally, and important is this all the rest is the broadcasting of the results of the labor. Because what we're talking about is a collective form of knowledge produced by a workforce. And the circulation of the results of research labor, is absolutely essential to the to the process as a whole. Hence, the whole apparatus of journals, online communication conferences, and of course teach to as well as part of the broadcasting. Okay, so you can see that there's a very active labor process got a complex labor process that's involved in the production, if we think of knowledge as as produced, there is a production process and that's it. And this is very much collective labor and collective labor requires a workforce, you know, knowledge doesn't drop from the sky, people have to work and there has to be a group working and organization of that group. And this is quite different knowledge formations differ. So indigenous knowledge of the kind that you saw in Narnia and dreaming painting. The knowledge bears the workforce are traditionally known in Aboriginal communities as the eldest. In Islamic base knowledge such as Islamic jurisprudence and as Islamic theology. The workforce is known as the llama. The Islamic scholars, who are not a priesthood are respected as scholars is knowledge parents. In the knowledge in the cert in the research base knowledge formation, it is researchers, popularly known as scientists, of course, we know to include humanist researchers, social scientists, as well as natural scientists. Now, this workforce has existed for considerable time. And the research base knowledge formation has a history of about 500 years. This is also the lifespan of imperialism of overseas imperialism from Europe. And that is not a coincidence because the two are, in fact very closely related.   14:53 So closely related that I don't think we can think of disciplinary knowledge really, outside On a global economy of knowledge, which it has its roots in the story of imperial expansion, colonial encounters, and what we might call the knowledge dividend of empire. Because it wasn't just the gold or the slaves that float back under the control of the colonizers. There's also knowledge and knowledge in many forms. You know, social scientific knowledge about the societies that are encountered natural science, knowledge, and so on. Here is an example of the knowledge that was brought back from the colonized world. This is an important document in the history of biological science, specifically by geography. It's the practice of oppression, aristocratic, called Alexander fondly. It may be known as name may be known to you, who went as a young man to the colonial areas of North Northern and West Coast, South America, then under Spanish control, and studied the plants, animals, geography, atmosphere, he was one of the pioneers of atmospheric science, as well as biogeography. And this is a kind of map that he had drawn on his return to Europe, which synthesized a huge amount of data about the distribution of particular species of plants. According to height, from sea level up to the Andes Mountains, and across the continent from east to west. And that is a typical kind of process of going to the colonies and bringing back data which is in process to metropole. Actually, Humboldt is not the most famous person who did that. The most famous person, undoubtedly, is Charles Darwin. It's been three years sailing around the colonial and postcolonial world, in the famous royal navy ships, the eagle, and brought back that geological and biological data that was so important in the creation of the theory of evolution, and modern biology. And the data that came back in all these different fields of knowledge, were then accumulated in the institutions of the global north, the Botanic Gardens, the universities, the scientific societies, the journals, what we now think of data bases, data archives, and so on, and theorized and turned into organized knowledge in those kinds of institutions. That's applied to so for those of you who are social scientists, this applies in the social sciences to and here's a fascinating example. So book by some Australian colleagues, about if about a famous 19th century book of anthropology called Camilo, Roy and Kurenai, about kinship systems, which was the big concern of anthropology throughout its history. Now, what our colleagues uncovered when they went back into the archives of this book and the 19th century authors of this work on on Aboriginal kinship is the discovery that they, they if this wasn't, if you like the experimental research or just observation, one, like by going and looking at a tree, you can't do that with a kinship system, you have to ask about it. So in effect, the colonizers, in this case, the authors of the anthropological   19:21 treatise, were engaging with in a sense, employing the elders of a local Aboriginal communities as the knowledge sources, and that's extended the knowledge workforce of the empire of the Imperial knowledge system, to the colonized people, intellectual workers of the colonized people, as well as the colonizers. And in that sense, I would never say that the research based knowledge formation is Western knowledge or Western science? I don't think that's right. It is, if anything, you've got to use a phrase like that it's Imperial science because it embeds an enormous amount of knowledge and know how from the colonized and colonized regions, as well as the knowledge of the colonizers. So the as the the economy of knowledge on the Empire evolved, it developed a very significant division of labor. And this is something I learned, particularly from the work of West African philosopher Pauline tungee. Who's writing if you want to follow these issues up, I very strongly recommend his work to most of them is available in English, also available in French. And he pointed out that fields, the familiar fields of knowledge that we we teach in universities in those fields, the colonized and post colonial world so contemporary Africa, mainly functions as a data mine, which produces raw materials that have been organized some process by theoretical labor, in the global metropole, in the Imperial center. So there's kind of division of labor, built into the structure of the global economy of knowledge, where there's mainly a flow of data from the colonized and post colonial world to the Imperial center, and a flow of theory and methodology the other way, which frame the collection of data. And that is the principal role in the whole global economy of knowledge of academics, searches, knowledge workers in the colonized and postcolonial world. And there's one more thing that has to be said about this economy of knowledge, but it was also based on certain exclusions, it excluded the kind of knowledge that we saw in the honey and creaming painting, that is indigenous knowledge formations of the colonized. The the interdisciplinary, multi, non disciplinary knowledge that you saw in that case, also excluded was alternative universalism, like Chinese organization of men's medical knowledge, like Islamic jurisprudence, and those forms of knowledge that were not so place based this indigenous knowledge usually is also competed, if you like for the interest of the world as a whole, but had roots in a different cultural formation. And then there's the knowledge that I call southern theory, which is basically knowledge produced in the colonial encounter itself, by the colonized, and sometimes by colonizers in Lockhart, in the colonial context. These two have mostly been, if not dramatically, excluded, then strongly marginalized. As you see, when you look at the statistics on the leading journals, in almost every university discipline, the leading journals, the ones that are most heavily cited, the most respected, almost all come from the club or north.   24:06 Okay, that's, that's what we're up against. That's why the decolonization project is truly important. For university teaching, university based research, all university disciplines are affected by this. Which then leads me to the question, how do we do it? How do we contest the inequality inequalities, the geographical exclusions and so forth that has shaped the knowledge that is taught and circulated in in the universe, a global university system? Well, there are many if you like democratic knowledge projects in the world. Let me show you a few. Here's one from Sweden. It's I'm sorry, this book has never been translated into English, which I think is a great pity because it's a lovely book. Its title means dig where you stand. And it's about a workers education self education project, of researching their own jobs researching the history of their own jobs. It was taken up by the unions in Sweden, it became a popular knowledge movement like you know, popular on a photography, bird watching popular astronomy, this became popular social science. Who better to understand the history of their job than the person who has the job now, but that led outwards to the industry and industry, the industry history in the community? It led outwards to the economy as a whole and ultimately it goes to questions about globalization. So fascinating stuff. Let me show you another. This is from Central America. The work of Nassim Martin Barro, a Jesuit psychologist, no longer with us as a result of of repressive violence in in that region, but who tried to create a new pattern new kinds of psychology that was his teaching discipline in this university teacher which would be produced knowledge that was actually useful to the oppressed, indigenous and working classes of the Central America region where he worked. He developed the it came to be called liberation psychology on the model of liberation theology. It never became popular in mainstream academic psychology. But if any of you are psychologists, I can recommend Martine borrow as a fascinating, interesting example of other ways to think about your discipline. Let me show you another. This is another university. This is a picture taken almost exactly 100 years ago, when the great Bengali poet Rabindranath Tagore, many of you will know who had been working to create a relevant form of schools in Bengal decided that a good school system needed a college top, if you like a tertiary education top, he looked at the Colonial universities that have been set up by the colonizers in India, quite relatively large university system was created in colonial India. But he wasn't satisfied with it, because it was controlled by the colonial colonial power. So he created his own This is it. This is the launch ceremony of the college that he called this variety, which he understood as which he intended to be what he called a meeting place of civilization.   28:33 We might call a genuinely multicultural curriculum on a global scale. So in their knowledge from indigenous traditions in India was taught knowledge from Europe, Western academics, unquote from Europe to knowledge from China was taught monitoring Tibet. It was intended to be a meeting place for different knowledge formations, to create a unique curriculum, hopefully not unique. Now, it was a struggle. It ran into financial trouble. But it's hard it's still a day in a somewhat different forms now public university in the Indian university system. But they are very proud of this history and it is a fascinating personal story. So we have from below projects, knowledge projects, we have new workforces and institutions as part of the contestation. And we also have contestation that takes the form of shifting the logic of a given methodology a given set of research methods. Those of you who are interested in decolonizing knowledge very possibly I come across this book and I can strongly recommend it indeed to everyone. Linda to you, I Smith is a teacher in Maori communities in our own New Zealand where who that is those communities in the last generation who have developed a number of higher educational institutions based on Maori cultural principles of teaching and learning, and research. And this book is gives a whole stack of examples of forms of research that treat the indigenous people in New Zealand not as the objects of research but as subjects as participants and designers in the research process, where the intention is to study Maori situations, Maori experience Maori contemporary life. Okay, now, those of you who've read this book will know that it's some of its procedures, relatively familiar in qualitative methods in the social sciences, and some people have drawn the, I think, mistaken conclusion that indigenous knowledge is necessarily qualitative. In contrast to quantitative that is. And this, in fact, is not the case. And his the demonstration, a book called indigenous statistics by Maggie Walter, the Australian Indigenous colleague of mine, sociology, Chris Anderson, from North America from from Canada, indigenous scholar there who've taken up the techniques of quantitative research, as for instance, in censuses and surveys, that have historically been used by the colonial power by the colonial state to study and manage indigenous communities indigenous lives. The book mounts an argument for what the author's called data sovereignty, for changing the power relations that are involved in the collection of data and control over the process of crunching the numbers and turning them to the purposes of the indigenous communities rather than the purposes of colonial government. So there's a range of ways in which logics can be shifted in decolonisation connections can be made. Which brings me back to the question of the workforce, how if we want a workforce in the future, in universities that have capacities for this kind of decolonial work? How do we teach? How do we, for instance, teach them new rules for disciplines?   33:34 Well, I would argue that indigenous knowledge in fact, all forms of decolonize knowledge tend to move across genres and across disciplines. So the simple disciplinary agenda is not adequate. Let me illustrate this from one of my great books list in sociology. A book published a bit over 100 years ago, called native life in South Africa. It sounds like the name of so many anthropological monograph, but it's not. It's a highly politicized book, contesting the seizure of indigenous land in South Africa by the new color independent. Color in colonial state that had been set up following what in Britain is known as the Boer War. That is quite controlled state which was the ancestor then of the apartheid regime. The author of this book, this you see in this picture, Solomon Platt chip was the secretary of the organizations later became the African National Congress. And he determined that a knowledge project was needed to gather the information about how this horrendous legislation which was expropriating indigenous land on a huge scale, how that had come about and what its effects were. Well, black people in South Africa at that time couldn't afford a horse. So he went around the country on a bike interview, the displaced families have been moved off as a result of the seizure of land, in this phase of the colonizing project in South Africa and wrote it up in this book, it's an amazing book, it's not only sort of engaged survey research, and interview based social science, it's also historical analysis of the legislation, cultural critique of the political agenda involved. And so it's amazing book. Multidisciplinary, absolutely, you could not confine it within a single discipline. Okay, do we teach our workforce by teaching them new canons, you know, new famous men's mod, I think, as a systematic business, I don't think we need you know, to displace our Darwin's or Max Weber's or Karl Marx is with with alternative, Darwin's Marxism favors. What we need is a much richer archive for that first stage in the research based knowledge process of consulting the archive. Well, I'm a feminist and feminist researcher, I've been also researching the history of feminism to some extent. And, in the course of that, trying to apply a decolonizing agenda, I've been coming across kind of histories that I didn't know the word in the familiar histories that I have read. And here's a couple of people who might figure well, at least one of them Sorry, I thought I had another before that. In if that history, were told, from a decolonizing perspective, we might see this woman being an OG of idol, development economist, environmental thinker, socialist feminist from India, as perhaps the most significant feminist theorist in our generation, done amazing work. And much of what I've been saying raises issues about land. She wrote the book on gender and land, it's called a field of one's own, it should be in your library, if it's not going by the librarians here until they get it an amazing, truly amazing book and an example of the power of the social knowledge that come out of the post colonial context. Okay, and then we come to the question of how we think all things.   38:36 If we recognize the plurality of knowledge formations, do we then wind up with a kind of epistemology, a theory of knowledge, which is like a mosaic a whole lot of different colored tiles, each completing itself, but not speaking to each other? That's queer, some decolonizing arguments head. And I can respect them. Because that involves respect for all the separate all the different knowledge projects and different communities who might be producing knowledge in distinctive ways. But I also think that the decolonization process or the process now of equalizing resources on a global scale, including the results of knowledge, this needs the practices of connection, as well as separateness, connection and mutual learning. And this is an example of an attempt to make that argument for the importance of South South links and South North links as well as the north south flow of theory and methodology that we're so familiar with. Chilean bobek another story? A colleague of mine makes this argument for global feminism's attempting to break the likes of Northern hegemony in global feminist discourse, and develop an understanding of what it would be to give full recognition to the experience and theories and knowledge of feminist communities in the different parts of the post colonial world. It's a fascinating story, fascinating argument. She talks about the processes what she calls braiding at the borders, rather than an imposition of hegemony, which is an image that suggests the kind of respect that might be lead needed for into the community into regional connections in the future. So if I'm right, that we do need a practice of connection, then we can speak of knowledge on a world scale as the future of knowledge without northern hegemony, saying that, as the goal of my argument, doesn't mean that the North doesn't matter. In this process. I think the decolonization concerns the global north, as as intimately an important is concerns urgent in the Global South. And that's the reason I'm very pleased with what you're doing it excellent. There are resistances to decolonization, which I've certainly frequently run into, in the 20 years, or more than I've been making these kinds of arguments around the traps. Some of them are rooted in in racism, some of them are rooted some of the objections that is, and resistances originate in, in class privilege, but somehow more respect worthy. They may reflect, for instance, some of the resistance to decolonization, that I have encountered reflects a fear on the part of academic workers have losing the skills and knowledge they already have, or being unable to pass them on to the next generation in the way that they expect to. And therefore, I think it's important to, to argue for these processes is an expansion of knowledge, not not a contraction. I think we, as a practical matter, we cannot escape, we cannot just jump out of the global economy of knowledge. It's here. It's links the university system around the world now, this is what we've got, where we are confronting every day,   43:29 on campuses. Some decolonial arguments say that the correct response to this is to D link from it. It's a term from decolonial. Economics actually, but it works for decolonial epistemology as well. I would rather say we should be trying to transform rather than simply separate from the existing global economy of knowledge, partly because setting. Knowledge already embeds so much knowledge from the global south that we don't want to abandon. We need certainly to link existing disciplinary knowledge with new perspectives and local practices in different ways. But I don't think we need a radical abandonment of forms of knowledge are already able to be used. So I see that the decolonizing projects they're not as radically displacing existing knowledge formation, but basically is the cutting edge of projects for the for the democratization of knowledge. That project which we've seen before in local forms, like the degrees then project in Sweden. or liberation psychology in Central America. We can now imagine on a world scale, and that is what the decolonization of, of research now I think has to be about.   45:16 And that's it for this episode. Don't forget to like, rate and subscribe and join me next time where I'll be talking to somebody else about researchers development and everything in

Joshua is asked by the men Gibeon for help with fighting against the other nations that are jealous of their relationship with Joshua and want to fight them because of it. God speaks to Joshua and has given him permission to do this. When you are connected to the right people God will have your back and the people that are along side you will too. --- This episode is sponsored by · Anchor: The easiest way to make a podcast. https://anchor.fm/app --- Send in a voice message: https://anchor.fm/sharise-johnson-moore/message

Uncle Tony and Crazy Legs are back to break down the injuries and deals from training camp and who to draft, avoid and trade from the rest of the NFC.Music by TrackTribeSee Privacy Policy at https://art19.com/privacy and California Privacy Notice at https://art19.com/privacy#do-not-sell-my-info.

In this Episode our Moderator Tom is interviewing  the current South-North volunteer Jordy and the former volunteer Neria on their experience with the ASC South-North program. Neria comes from zambia and has successfully done her volunteer service in 2018/19 in Göttingen. Jordy comes from South Africa and is a volunteer of the current Generation. How is it to arrive in Germany for the first time? Which ups and downs come along with their time in Germany? How do they see the medium of sport in the context of the volunteer service?

A full-back who toiled hard against the glamour full-forwards of the 1970s, Greg Miller's footy journey is as extensive as they come. Arriving at South Melbourne in 1972, Miller mustered 52 games for the Swans. For Miller his mark on football would be made in the office rather than the oval. In 1980 Miller became South Melbourne's recruiting officer, it was at this time that the VFL were looking to relocate the club to Sydney. In this episode Miller describes the struggles involved in moving South Melbourne to Sydney and details his bold recruiting heist which yielded Wayne Carey and John Longmire to North Melbourne. See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

This special edition interview of the SHINE podcast is in honor and gratitude of the earth. We are running out of water for our basic needs. There are activities and systems that may need to be hospiced out in order to reconsider the long term effects of how we're consuming water and energy. Today I am focusing this conversation on the six solutions to water conservation with my friend Brian Richter. Brian Richter has been a global leader in water science and conservation for 40 years. In this interview, Brian shares about his journey and leadership in water stewardship and sustainability. We talk about what the current state is regarding water needs and shortages, and most importantly, how to plan for our water usage as the planet continues to warm and actions we can take to conserve water and ensure there is enough for everyone. Thank you for joining me.   Guest Links: Sustainable Waters- sustainablewaters.org. Chasing Water: A Guide for Moving from Scarcity to Sustainability by Brian Richter- https://www.sustainablewaters.org/chasing-water/ BBC Documentary David Attenborough on “How Many People Can Live on Planet Earth?” https://www.imdb.com/title/tt1575870/ Austin's Water Pre-Planning- https://www.sustainablewaters.org/a-water-plan-for-the-22nd-century/ Austin's Great Springs Project- https://greatspringsproject.org/ SHINE podcast “Water Stewardship Creates Necessary Alliances in Leadership and Business with Greg Koch”- https://carleyhauck.com/podcast/45-water-stewardship-create-necessary-alliances-in-leadership-and-business-with-greg-koch “Desalination advances in California despite opponents pushing for alternatives”- https://www.reuters.com/world/us/desalination-advances-california-despite-opponents-pushing-alternatives-2021-07-28/   SHINE Links:   Thank you for listening. Want to build a high trust, innovative, and inclusive culture at work? Sign up for our newsletter and get the free handout and be alerted to more inspiring Shine episodes   Building Trust Free Gift — https://www.leadfromlight.com   Carley Links   Book Carley for Speaking — https://carleyhauck.com/speaking Leading from Wholeness Learning & Development — https://carleyhauck.com/learning-and-development Carley's Book — https://carleyhauck.com/shinebook Executive Coaching with Carley — https://carleyhauck.com/executive-coaching Contact Carley — https://carleyhauck.com/contact Carley's Patreon Page https://www.patreon.com/carleyhauck   Well Being Resources:   Inner Game Meditations — https://carleyhauck.com/meditations Doterra — https://www.doterra.com/US/en/site/carleyhauck 4 Sigmatic — 15% Discount code Shine — https://us.foursigmatic.com/?rfsn=4405553.d15cc7&discount=SHINE   Social:   LinkedIn — https://www.linkedin.com/in/carley-hauck/ IG — https://www.instagram.com/carley.hauck/ Website — https://www.carleyhauck.com Newsletter — https://www.leadfromlight.com Shine Podcast Page — https://carleyhauck.com/podcast   The Imperfect Shownotes   0:01 Carley Hauck   Hi, welcome to the SHINE podcast. My name is Carley Hauck. I'm your host, thank you so much for tuning in. This podcast focuses on the intersection of three things: the how to be a conscious, inclusive leader, the recipe for high performing teams creating more psychological safety, trust, innovation, and belonging, and lastly, awareness practices that you can cultivate to be the kind of leader our world needs now. And when I say the word leader, or leadership, that is a title that we all can step into, because we lead ourselves every day, and how we show up at work, in our relationships with our families, with our friends, with our communities, and around the things that matter most.   And so for those of you joining for the first time, welcome, please go over to your favorite podcast subscription button and hit subscribe on the SHINE podcast so that you don't miss any future episodes.   We are in season six. And this is a special edition interview in honor and gratitude of the earth, being that it's Earth Day, and I am focusing this conversation on the six solutions to water conservation with my friend Brian Richter. In this interview, Brian shares about his journey and leadership in water stewardship and sustainability for the past 40 years. We talk about what the current state is regarding water needs and shortages, and most importantly, how to plan for our water usage as the planet continues to warm and actions we can take to conserve water and ensure there is enough for everyone.   Brian Richter has been a global leader in water science and conservation for more than 30 years. He is the president of sustainable waters, a global organization focused on water scarcity challenges where he promotes sustainable water use and management with governments, corporations, universities and local communities. He previously served as director of the Global Water Program at The Nature Conservancy, an international conservation organization. Brian has consulted on more than 170 water projects worldwide. He serves as a water advisor to some of the world's largest corporations, investment banks, and the United Nations. He also teaches water sustainability at the University of Virginia. And he has developed scientific tools and methods to support river protection and restoration efforts. And lastly, Brian was featured in a BBC documentary with David Attenborough on how many people can live on planet Earth. I learned a lot in this interview, and I feel inspired by the actions we can all take together now. I am delighted to have you. Thanks for listening.   Carley Hauck 03:18   Hi, everyone. Thank you for joining my friend Brian Richter, the author of Chasing Water. Brian, thank you so much for being with me today.   Brian Richter 03:28   Happy to be here. Carley, looking forward to it.   Carley Hauck 03:34   Well, Brian, we just had a lovely conversation before the recording. And I'm really looking forward to talking more about all the things related to water stewardship and scarcity. But before we begin, one of the first questions I often ask my guests is, how would you describe a conscious inclusive leader? What does that mean to you?   Brian Richter 03:59   Well, first, the inclusive part. I think that and you know, I'll answer your question through the lens of the work that I do in water, Carley, because inclusivity has really been a big issue. In our dealings with water. Historically, many of the decisions, many of the ideas that are brought forth have been primarily from a fairly limited field of expertise, and specifically from engineers. And that's understandable historically, because a lot of our struggles with trying to make clean water available to people was for a long time, pretty much an engineering challenge. How do you build the pipes? How do you clean the water in treatment plants and that sort of thing?   But as the problems associated with water have grown over time as our populations have grown, we've come to realize the importance of having a much more diverse group of people and participants in that conversation about what water do we need? Where do we want to access it from? What are our concerns about it? What are their ideas for making the world better, you know, in the way that we interact with water and water sources.   And so in my Chasing Water book, I talk about, you know, the really the need to think about sort of water democracies and communities of water users that share the same water sources, and the importance of opening the doors of the decision making to to really invite a much more diverse audience, either people who need to know or want to know, you know, into that conversation.   But then the leadership part, Carley, is also equally if not more important, in many cases. Because there are some really tough decisions, typically that have to be made these days over water. Sometimes it means that somebody might need to be charged a little bit more for the service of bringing clean water to their home. And that's fraught with political peril. Sometimes, well, there's all kinds of decisions around water that may, you know, may have a lot of dissent. Or it may be different opinions, or it may, you know, be difficult for some people to agree with. And so, being bold and leadership is also a really, really important aspect of managing water well.   Carley Hauck 06:35   Thank you so much, Brian, that was a great answer. I hear more of the inclusion pieces, the water democracy, but then the leadership piece is really having a consciousness that's really taken care of the greater whole. Yes, yes, just to share a little context with the listeners as to why I really wanted to have this conversation with you. So I moved to North Carolina, and 2020, shortly after the pandemic hit, and I have now relocated back to California in the last few months. And while I was in North Carolina, I was coming back to the west coast for a few months at a time. And every time I came back, I was very aware of how dry it was. And it was interesting to be in Oregon last summer, I timed it perfectly for the fires, I was there for the hottest period of time. And in fact, this is when Greg and I were actually having our conversation around water stewardship. And so Greg referred me to you because he and I had had this really wonderful conversation. And for those of you on the SHINE podcast listening, if you want to listen to that interview, it is on the podcasts, and you can look for it. It's a special edition podcast, because we had such a long conversation. But that would be a good precursor to the conversation I'm going to have with Brian or it can even just be a follow up after you listen to this one.   And I think one of the things that has been really important to me is how can we all be good stewards of the planet, in our leadership roles in the way that businesses are acting to be more socially and environmentally responsible? But also as consumers? What can we do? Because I really believe that we all have the opportunity and frankly, the responsibility to lead or we're not going to have a thriving world. You know, I keep seeing books and things out there that say save the planet. I'm like, No, it saved the humans, you know, the planets gonna be here. We have to awaken humanity from its slumber. And so I really wanted to talk to you based on your incredible breadth of knowledge and service, around water scarcity, to just kind of help educate me, bring more awareness, and education to the listeners and also some really important action steps that we can take now.   And so, you know, one of the things that was interesting to me is that when I was reading your book, I saw that you grew up in San Diego, and I just shared with you that I'm going to be in San Diego this summer. And as I was looking at my moving to San Diego, I was looking to see, you know what, it doesn't make sense to me. How are they growing all of this food in San Diego? They have tons of farmers markets, more than I've seen pretty much in any other city. Where are they getting that water? San Diego is a desert. So could you talk a little bit about how living in San Diego inspired this path of working and supporting stewardship of water but then also, what do we do about what's going on in Southern California? It's a desert. Right?   Brian Richter 10:10   Sure. Yes, . So there was a defining moment in my life, when I decided that I was going to go into the, you know, the professional aspects of water, and it was in the 1970s. And we had at that time, it was the drought of record. And there were mandatory water restrictions being placed on homeowners and businesses in San Diego at that time. And I just remember having this thought, so I was in high school at that time, and, and I remember having this thought that, gosh, if I could develop some expertise, some knowledge about water, I would likely have job security for the rest of my life. And it eventually worked itself out that way.   So it most definitely my growing up in San Diego and growing up with that rigidity, the concern over not having enough water to do all the things that we wanted to do in a rapidly growing community that was needing more and more water all the time. Those things all shaped my thinking. And I think position me for the 40 years, you know that I actually have spent, you know, in this profession.   Now, to answer your question about what we can do, I think I might start with where I start with my university students. So I teach a class in water sustainability at the University of Virginia. And in the very first week of class, we walked them through an exercise that's intended to help them understand three things. One is that I work them through an exercise where they actually calculate how much water they rely upon, on average, each day of their lives. And it's a very, very eye opening experience, because a lot of them understand that they use water in the shower, they use water for cooking, they use water to wash their clothes and dishes. But until recently, not many people thought about the fact that we also need water to grow our food, we need water to produce our clothing, we need water in so many aspects of our lives. So that initial exercise, using a simple calculator to come up with those numbers is a very, as I said, it's a very interesting exercise for the students to go through.   But then the second thing I want them to know about is where's that water coming from? What's your local water supply? What water sources are you depending upon? And are those water sources in good shape? Or not? Or are there problems? Are we using too much of the water? Are we drying up the stream? Are we drying up the underground aquifer? Are we causing too much pollution and that sort of thing. So that's the second part.   And then the third part is I want them to increase their awareness and knowledge so that they can become active, informed citizens of their community. And perhaps by extension, you know, of the world, as well. And so a major reason that I wrote the Chasing Water book was to try to provide some basic education about water so that anybody who wanted to learn a little bit more, become a more informed citizen could learn the basics from the book, and understand that this is how problems develop and these are some of the solutions that we can apply.   So by being aware of that, both individually, but then also thinking about their community, or, more broadly, I think that will make them a fuller human being, if you will.   Carley Hauck 14:00   So those were really wonderful questions that you asked your students and, you know, what are the calculations that you're inviting them to actually figure out what those numbers are? And I would imagine, there's probably a scale of this is a high amount of water consumption, this is a low amount of water, this is moderate, you're doing good, because we will probably want to, you know, have a baseline but then you want to curve our consumption based on whether that's high or low. And what are the water sources are right?   Brian Richter 14:34   Yes. Yeah. So there's a couple of things that we follow up on after they've done that basic exercise, then we have some really interesting conversation that gets to. One of the things that this exercise makes them aware of is that different aspects of their lives and their livelihoods results in their depending upon larger volumes of water. So for instance, what stands out for almost all of them is how, how much of their personal water footprint is tied to their food. And, and so they start to realize that boy, depending upon my diet, and what I choose to eat, has a very big influence on how much water My lifestyle is dependent upon. And the students are real quick to make that connection and it causes them to think about, ha, boy, the choices that I'm making have consequences. And that's why it's so important for me to connect them to, where's the water actually coming from that was used to produce the lettuce in your salad, or, you know, the barley in your beer, or, you know, or what have you. And so that's a big part of it.   And I also think that when they see how big their overall numbers are, it catalyzes the thinking in them that that's an awful lot of water that each of us depends upon, and we could probably easily find ways to use less. And if they happen to live in a place where water scarcity, where water shortages are a reality, then that sort of self reinforcing awareness or knowledge. Because if they realize how each of our water footprints add up, and that that number, that volume of water that our community depends upon, is is putting a lot of pressure on the local river or the local groundwater aquifer, then they start to connect the dots, that my personal individual actions roll up to my community, which then has a tremendous amount of influence on on the water sources. And so I think that part of that awareness also brings with it an ethic. It's built with the beginning of an ethic about what ethical responsibility means with regards to how we're utilizing our natural resources.   Carley Hauck 17:05   Great. Thank you. So that is something we'll pick up again later, you know, in the talk, because I know that you outlined six solutions to water scarcity of water conservation being the number one thing we can do. And that's really what you're inviting this awareness, this education, and then kind of new actions based on the information they're gaining from tracking their water consumption.   But I'd like to move into the actual water that we have to use. And you know a lot about this from your work in water in the last 40 years. But I was recently reading an article that came out a few weeks ago, and they were stating that we are going to have a very dry season in the spring. This was noted by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. And it's saying that, in fact, California, which is where I am right now, is returning to severe or extreme drought. And Central California is likely to be the lowest since 1922, 100 years ago. And what's so interesting about that year, is that's also the year when the law of the river was also signed. And that's basically sanctioning the Colorado River, which I learned about from reading your book to seven different states, New Mexico, California, Arizona, Colorado, Nevada, Idaho, Wyoming, Utah. But as you said, in your book, which I really liked this point, those seven states were basically being given water rights. But that law didn't take into consideration the river's voice itself- did it really want to give away its water. It didn't really think about Mexico. And we know that so much of our food is grown in Mexico as well. So how are they getting water?   I'd love it if you could just talk a little bit about, where are we getting the water? And, and even just I think you mentioned it. In the book, you speak a bit about though the water cycles. And I think that would be important for people to understand, you know, water budgets, water supply water withdrawal.   Brian Richter 19:26   Yeah. So one of the most, one of the most common questions that I get asked, either by my students or when I give a public presentation, Carley, is how can we possibly be running short of water? Don't we still have the same amount of water on the planet as we've always had? And so it's very understandable. We're taught in grade school that there is this global water cycle, that water is constantly moving around the planet, and there's water evaporating off the surface of the ocean. It goes up into the atmosphere and forms clouds, those clouds are blown over the land, and it comes down as precipitation, it comes down as rain or snow. And that cycle continues to work. And, there is no difference in the total volume of water on the planet as we as there has been for millennia.   But the thing that people have to gain some understanding of is that wherever you are in the world, you can't access water from anywhere else and from everywhere else in the world. Okay. Technologically, we could, so we could go to the Congo River and Africa, you're sitting in California, dry California, you could send a tanker ship over to the Congo River and Africa and stick in a hose and fill up the tanker ship and bring it back to California. But the cost of doing so is prohibitive. Okay.   So instead of thinking of the whole world, as your water supply, you have to think about the water that's within reach. And by reach I mean, in particular, the water that can be affordably provided to you for your water supply. Okay, so I often talk about it as your local bathtub, you know, it's your bucket of water and, and so now, if, if there's only a certain volume of water that is locally affordably available to then it is possible to use that water source at a rate faster than it's being naturally replenished by that rain or snow.   Okay, so, think about it like a bathtub. If you can't turn the water in flow up high enough to keep up with the water going down the drain, then the level in the bathtub goes down over time. And that's basically what happens with all of our water sources, it's a matter of the rate of use as compared to the rate of natural replenishment.   Then let's talk a little bit about the inflow into our local water supply, how our local water supplies are being replenished. So historically, we have always had dry periods and wet periods. Everywhere on the planet, you have dry periods and wet periods. And when it gets really dry, we call it a drought. And so there is a cycling, you know that you know, you have this intermittency between wet and dry. We have to be careful not to be using too much water during those dry periods, in particular, because we're not getting enough replenishment. The unfortunate thing about much of the Western US, so let's just say climate change is changing that availability of water, okay. Some places are actually getting, under climate change, some places are actually getting more rainfall. But other places are getting a lot less.   Carley Hauck 23:14   Can you name some places, just for our listeners?   Brian Richter 23:17   Well, generally the Eastern US, most of the Eastern US is getting more, the same or more. And much of the Western US is getting less than it has historically. And so in much of the West, the climate science is telling us that we're already experiencing less water supply and less replenishment of our water supplies, because of climate change. And it's going to get worse in the coming decades. So in the Colorado River system, they're saying that by mid century, we're going to have 20 to 35% less water coming down the Colorado River system because of climate change.   Okay. So a lot of people, a lot of the climate scientists in particular, but a lot of the water managers and people who depend upon the water supplies in the Colorado River, are coming to realize that we used to call this a drought, a dry period. But now it's been 22 years, and they're the driest 22 years in the last 1200 years. So that's the driest period in a very, very long period of time. And, but now they're saying you know what, let's just stop and they were calling the 20s. So because of that they're calling the 22 year, your period of mega drought and a super super drought.   But now they're saying let's quit calling it a drought because the pressure from climate change is causing what they're now referring to as long term or ratification, which means it's just getting drier in the background. And that's going to continue because the climate is going to continue to warm.   Carley Hauck 25:03   Well, thank you for sharing that. And, you know, one of the things I've also been hearing, and it's been written about is, you know, this summer is the coldest summer you've ever had. Yeah, because every summer, as we continue to warm until we can get to a place, which I'm hopeful of where we can pause, you know, this continual heating of the planet, it's going to take a lot of work. But you know, it's already been proven that we can do it, Paul Hawken in Drawdown and in his new book Regeneration has shown that we can actually pause it, we can reverse climate change, but we all have to get on board.   But, you know, even when I was in Bend, Oregon last year, and the whole state of Oregon was on fire, and it was 93, to 108. And Greg, and I just had a conversation, and he had just come back from Washington, where there were fires and smoke. And so, you know, I basically took Bend off my summer travel spot, because I, I couldn't, I couldn't live and flourish in those temperatures. And I actually see it as the new norm. Kind of like what you're saying, you know, we've talked about these mega storms, these mega fires that happen pretty regularly now in California and on the west coast, but I don't think they're a fluke anymore. They are going on for years, unfortunately.   Brian Richter 26:32   That's right. Yeah, it is. It's a hard pill to swallow. But it is kind of normal, that life is going to be different now going forward. And you know, and it's a real, it's having it's having really, really terrible consequences, because to your point, Carley, that do, we actually have the knowledge, the technologies, the money to deal with these kinds of problems? Whether it's to arrest climate change, or whether it's to avoid water shortages. We know how to do that. This is a point that Greg brought out in your last interview as well, we know how to solve those problems.   The problem is that human beings seem to be innately incapable of responding at the scale and the pace necessary to deal with these problems. It's a very unfortunate, from my 40 years of working in 47 countries around the world, I saw this just happening everywhere that people don't respond to a natural resource calamity, shortage of water, pollution of water, until it gets so bad that it's causing terrible, terrible problems, both for people as well as for the natural environment. And that's extremely unfortunate, it's extremely unfortunate that we can't be a little bit more proactive. So let's just take one, you know, one quick example, in the Colorado River system in the Western United States, in the 1950s, we had practically dried up the entire river system because of our use.   Okay. Now, you would think that the people in charge, the political leaders, the water managers would have said, you know, we better be careful about how much extra use of the water we're going to allow. Because if we're already using up the whole river, we could be in really serious trouble if we keep letting you know the need for the water grow. But no constraints were placed on it. There was no limit I talked about in the book, a cap, the concept of a cap. And that just says, you know, here's the reliable water volume that you could safely sustainably use year after year. And you don't want to go more than that. Or you start to have to face some really, really serious problems.   But the Colorado River just continued people just they just continued to more people came in more water got used more industries, you know, became dependent upon that water supply, more farms became dependent upon that water supply, to the point where now Carley, we're using more water on average each year, about 20% More water on average every year, then comes down the Colorado River system. And the only way that we can do that is because up until the turn of the century up until about 2000 there was enough water going down the river. And we had built some really gigantic reservoirs, particularly the two biggest reservoirs in America, Lake Mead and Lake Powell. And they hold that together, you know, they hold nearly four years worth of the entire flow of the Colorado River system.   So when we got into this period after 2000, which is the beginning of the 22 year mega drought that I was referring to a moment ago, all of a sudden, we're now in three out of four years, we're using more water than came down the river. And the reason we've been able to persist with that behavior for as long as we have is we just keep taking more water out of those reservoirs. It's like overspending your checking account and going into your savings account to replenish it. And so we continue to do that. Now those two reservoirs are between two thirds and three quarters empty.   And this year is looking like another terrible year for runoff in the Colorado River system. And so we're getting closer and closer to the brink, we're actually getting closer and closer to drying up the two largest reservoirs in the United States. So and, you know, and arguably, I don't think there's, I don't think there's anybody in the science community or in the conservation community that would, that would, that would disagree with my statement that what's being done in response is nowhere near the scale and the pace necessary to prevent this disaster from unfolding.   It's, it's excruciatingly frustrating for somebody like me, who spent 40 years of my life, studying these issues, learning about ways to try to avoid catastrophe, learning a ways to better manage water so that you avoid water scarcity to see this unfolding in the river system that I grew up dependent upon, is terribly gut wrenching.   Carley Hauck 32:14   Thank you for sharing that. Yeah. I'm just gonna pause for everyone to listen to that. Yeah. And so, you know, I agree with you. I've been brought in to create a lot of change within leadership within companies. And the only reason that I get called in is because there's enough suffering, and they've hit, you know, a wall of like, we can't, we can't continue to do it this way anymore. You know, these departments aren't getting along, they're not talking to each other. It's having, you know, huge impacts on retention on the culture, people are burned out, there's mental health, you know, whatever. I mean, we look at even the great reset that's happening in companies, people have had it. No, we're at this, we got to create a new foundation of work, a new world.   I mean, I really see this moment in time. Just we have to reset everything, including our consumption practices, whether that's, we're eating too much meat, and all that water is going toward livestock and agriculture, like we I mean, it's all connected, and I'd see it, but I agree with you. Oftentimes, we have to hit a certain level of suffering before we're ready to change. And that's one of the reasons I'm having you on the podcast. It's one of the reasons I wrote my book. It's one of the reasons you wrote yours. It's like, let's bring education awareness. Now, before, before we have to really deal with catastrophe was a word that you used. And so, when I even think about being in San Diego, it's beautiful down there. They have tons of farmers markets, right? It's paradise. But it's not because water is not going to be very sustainable. I don't even know where they're getting a lot of that water from right now. It's coming from the reservoir. It sounds like.   Brian Richter 34:09   Yes. Well, and so Carley, I wanted to just give emphasis to something the way that you said it, that unfortunately, the moment of breakthrough is when people say we can't keep on going the way that we're going. Right? We just can't keep doing this. It's sort of like when they finally realize that things are breaking apart, you know, that they can see the future and it's dark, it's not good. That's when you have that moment. And that's why, you know, there's this off using oft used phrase, you know, some attributed to, you know, to Confucius about, you know, in crisis is opportunity. Right, but, but what we're saying is it's unfortunate that the crisis has to get so accentuated before those opportunities. Use that awareness, that willingness to say we can't keep doing this the same anymore becomes available.   So let's talk a little bit about San Diego.   Carley Hauck 35:16   And then let's talk about Texas because so many people have moved to Texas. In some ways, it's a good thing they're moving to Texas because they're moving out of the west where we're running out of water. So it's going to take some of the pressure of the water needs off of the western states. Because yes, now in Texas, but then how do we protect Texas?   Brian Richter 35:36   Yes, and it's unfortunately, they're going from one dry place, or one place that has water problems and moving to one that's got them as well, unfortunately.   So there's a couple things happening in California, in Southern California that I think are really important. So one is that they have become excellent at the practice of water conservation. So we're just finishing up an exhaustive study of the 30 largest water utilities that use the Colorado River system, including San Diego, including Los Angeles, Phoenix, Denver, Albuquerque, and so on and so forth.   And the fascinating thing, Carley, is that over the last two decades, while the populations have grown substantially, maybe by as much as a third, across those cities, they've been actually actually able to lower their total water use by something like a quarter. That is miraculous success. Okay. So as you know, because you've read my Chasing Water book, I put water conservation sort of in a league of its own, because it is so critically important to addressing these problems that you're talking about. So the fact that these cities have become very good at Water conservation is a good thing.   They continue to do better. And that gives me some optimism, they can continue to push water conservation, and get down to their water needs lower and lower and lower.   Carley Hauck 37:32   I just want to pause this here, just briefly, just to give California a little a little, you know, woot-woot since I wanted to come back. In January, they have basically input a statewide composting program, which is going to help us you know, regenerate water, it's also going to regenerate the soil, it's going to take the carbon out of the atmosphere, put it in the soil, not in the water, not in the ocean. But even just where I am in the Bay Area. There are so many electric cars, you know, there's so many I hear them all over there. And then there's signs everywhere of severe drought, please conserve water. So you know, those messages make impact. I think they're saying if you see something seven times in marketing, then you take action. They're everywhere.   Brian Richter 38:22   Yes. Yeah, that's really good. It is really, really important to communicate that. So that we can do better. Well, yes, they can continue to do better. And there are some new water management strategies that are making a difference.   One in particular, is reusing or recycling water after we've used it.   Carley Hauck 38:50   Okay, so a gray water system, correct?   Brian Richter 38:52   Yeah, yeah, but but even even in a larger, you know, maybe even what you might call an industrial scale. So, this way to think about it, you take a shower, all that water, you know, pretty much all of the water goes down the drain, some of it evaporates off steam, and some of it ends up on your towel, but most of it goes right down the drain.   Historically, we would then, if you're in one of those southern California cities like San Diego, that water would have gone down the drain out to a water treatment plant to take some of the impurities out of it and then got flushed out into the ocean. Okay. Now though, this concept of reuse and recycling means that after goes down the drain, they then clean it up to a very, very high level of purity and they're able to put it back into the water supply system.   So you have this reuse and recycling of the water taking place and requires them to not have to continually go back to the river or to go to the underground aquifer for more and more water all the time so that reuse and recycling is a very very big and growing part of sustainable water management now.   The other one that I think there are a couple of others that are worth mentioning. One is what we call in urban areas stormwater capture. So you think about all the water, all the rainfall that falls on the roofs and on the parking lots and runs down the street and gets into the gutter. And that water to you know, historically would get flushed into some waterway and end up out in the ocean. If you're in a place like San Diego, they're now figuring out how to capture that water and clean it up and put it into the water supply. So they call that stormwater capture.   And then the other one is, we talked about this a little bit before the recording is desalination. So desalination is going to expand considerably. Presently, it makes up less than 2% of the world's water supply. And the reason, the primary reason, that it's not a big part of our water supply yet. So just for your listeners, desalination means the salting, which means taking the salt out of salty water, the easiest way to think about it is ocean water. You bring in ocean water, you take the salt out of it, you turn it into freshwater, and you can put it in your water supply system. That process is called desalination.   But the primary reason we're not using it very much is because it becomes very expensive. Because that process of taking the salt out of the salty water requires a lot of energy and the energy costs a lot of money. And that makes the water perhaps 10 times more expensive than other sources of water. That's been the primary limiting factor. But there are other big concerns that have to be dealt with. And one of them is in that process of removing the salt. from let's say ocean water, you end up with a half a gallon. So you take one gallon of ocean water, you end up with a half a gallon of fresh water and half a gallon of super concentrated what's called brine, briny solution. Okay, super, super concentrated salt, they then have to figure out some safe way to dispose of that very briny salt, well, salt, concentrated salt. And there are ways of doing it safely. But it can be difficult, and it can also be expensive to do it well. And so that's another inhibitor on the expansion of desalination technology.   But anyway, those are some of the ways that these cities are addressing some of these problems.   Carley Hauck 42:52   Can I ask you a question about desalination, because I hear that's a possibility to bring more water, but there's actually a plant that is being constructed. I think they've gotten permits. And it's, it's similar to the Poseidon Carlsbad plant, which is, you know, very close to San Diego, since we're talking about San Diego, and that has been operating since 2015. And apparently produces about 50 million gallons of drinking water. So that's about 10% of the San Diego county's water demand. But they're trying to create another one near the Huntington Beach.   And I mean, from what I've read about it, the environmentalists are just saying it wreaks havoc on marine life. And it just doesn't seem like an environmentally responsible way. Like it's, you know, it takes larvae and plankton and kit a fish are killed. And I just, there's so many other things that are being harmed in the process of creating these plants, not to mention their billions of dollars. I'm just wondering, can we increase our efforts towards other solutions and such salinization? And I hear you're saying, you know, it's one of the one of the things that's going to be increased?   Brian Richter 44:22   Yes. So, Carley, the most important argument against it is just what you just said, we should first use the other readily available solutions to their maximum potential. Okay. Water conservation is by far and away, the least expensive, safest, reliable, sustainable way of dealing with a water shortage challenge. Okay.   So in my book, one of my seven principles is to use water conservation to its absolute maximum potential. For that reason, I think, almost everywhere there is an argument to be made to the proponents of other technologies, like desalination proved to us that you've maximized the potential of water conservation first. And once you can credibly prove that to us, then we can have a conversation about the other alternatives. Okay. So that's really, really important. Now. You know, there are places in the world where you know, where they're at that crux point, Carley. Israel is the one that comes immediately to mind. They are by far and away the most water conservative country on the planet. They push water conservation in homes and businesses and farms more successfully than any other country.   Carley Hauck 46:01   This is Australia, correct?   Brian Richter 46:02   Israel, Israel.   Carley Hauck 46:07   One of the leaders in my book has a water sanitation service. And he actually started that when he was in Tel Aviv. So there you go.   Brian Richter 46:18   Yeah, there you go. So there's a lot to be learned. Another great book was written by a guy named Seth Segal, he wrote a book called Let There Be Water. And he really chronicles the evolution, the chronology of what Israel has gone through with their water management. And, you know, they're to a point Carley where if they want to allow their population and their economies to grow, and they've pushed water conservation to the max, and they've also, by the way, are pushing water reuse water recycling to the max, then, you know, they can make one of the more compelling arguments that, that they're going to use desalination, you know, to enable them to continue to grow their population in their economy.   So, but there, but there are, you know, I would be hard pressed to name another place in the world where they could make as strong of an argument as in Israel, you know, for going through that option.   Carley Hauck 47:28   So it sounds like we should look to Israel and model some of what they're doing in the United States, but across the world.   Brian Richter 47:42   Absolutely. Absolutely. Yeah. Yeah. So in Israel, they use the desalinated water only in the cities. And then after the cities have used that water, they treat it and they reuse it out on the farms. And the farms are extremely conservative in how they use water. So it's a pretty efficient system. There's an awful lot to be learned by their example, because they're doing it, you know, they're, they're pushing the level of water conservation in Israel is the gold standard.   Carley Hauck 48:08   Thank you. Well, let's move a little bit to Texas, because so many people have moved to Texas in the past two years. And I was recently in Austin, last week visiting a friend and I was actually spending some time with John Mackey, who just stepped down from his CEO role of Whole Foods. And he and is wife Deborah, both of them have been very involved in environmental sustainability around Austin. But Deborah has been part of the Great Springs project, which is really trying to protect the aquifers, the Barton Springs, which is all around Austin.   And I couldn't help but think about all the people that are moving to Austin. And how are we going to protect the water there, but not just Austin? Austin, I believe is going to be one of the, I think I have the stats somewhere. Let me pull this up really quick. It's one of the fastest growing cities in Texas, but actually, Houston and Dallas and San Antonio are also really increasing in size.   So you know, you had said before, they're moving from a dry area to another dry area. So what can we do as in preparation for the development that's already happening there to make sure that what doesn't happen out here happens there?   Brian Richter 49:38   Yes. So as it turns out, Austin is progressive in a lot of things, but they are very impressive in their water planning. And I even wrote a blog about this last year. Austin just completed a new 100 year water supply plan. Most cities at most they'll look at the next 50 years, Austin decided we're gonna look at a whole, you know, a whole 100 years ahead.   Carley Hauck 50:08   Yay, Austin!   Brian Richter 50:09   Yay, Austin, they do deserve a shout out on this one, Carley. Absolutely.   Carley Hauck 50:17   And I want to read your article. And I'm sure listeners would, too, you'll have to send it to me, and I'll link it in the show notes.   Brian Richter 50:21   I sure will, I sure will. So they made some very appropriate projections about what climate change is going to do to their water supply, which is, ironically, another river called the Colorado River that flows right through the heart of Austin. The Colorado River, in Texas is used very, very heavily, arguably, too heavily, particularly during drought periods. So they made assumptions about how climate change is going to reduce the flow of the Colorado River, how climate change is going to reduce the natural replenishment of their underground aquifers, and conservative assumptions about how far they can push water conservation and those kinds of things.   And they arguably have put forth a 100 year water supply plan that looks like it balances out, even when I looked at it with a very critical eye, a very careful eye, it looks it looks like a good piece of work to me, I think it's convincing that they're going to be able to meet their growth, you know, provided the growth isn't any any stronger than what they're projecting in a water supply plan. But it looks like they might be able to do it. Now. I can't say the same for the other Texas cities, you know, they're there, they're not in that place. And by the way, it's one thing to put something down on paper and a plan, it's another thing to try to implement it. So before we give Austin a full shout out, Carley, you know, the proof is in the pudding. Right? Let's see how they do over the next 5 to 10 years. Because some of their goals are quite ambitious, and they're gonna have to, they're gonna have to move really, really fast in order to live up to it.   Carley Hauck 52:05 There is massive growth happening right now. I mean, the estimations are that about 400 people a week are moving to Austin. And just being there, there's not there's not enough properties. So they're having to actually move into the high rises, I can't imagine how else they're housing all these people.   Brian Richter 52:21   And I'd be willing to bet Carley, that whatever growth rate was, was forecast in that 100 year water supply plan, the last couple of years, probably just blew it. Because as you said, during the pandemic, there were a lot of people fleeing California, and one of the places they went was Texas, and a lot of went to Montana, you know, in other places, but they're growing, they just got a big surge. And there's some big companies like Tesla that are building new factories, you know, in, you know, outside of Austin as well. So they're gonna need some more.   By the way, one of the really important things about good water planning is that you refresh it, you look at it again, on a regular basis. So, you know, they just signed, sealed and delivered the plan, I think last year, they're going to need to look at it within the next five years and see whether or not they're on track. Are they implementing the things they said they're going to implement? Is the growth at the pace that they thought it was going to be? And, you know, and all of that.   Carley Hauck 53:20   Well, thank you for sharing more of that. So let's move into the six solutions. And we've been talking about them quite a bit. So you talked about the six solutions to water scarcity, desalinization that we talked about. So this is kind of a last resort. You know, we have to be really focusing on water conservation. We have water importation, water storage, watershed management, and there's one more missing, because that's not six right? 1, 2, 3, 4. So is there one more than I'm leaving out?   Brian Richter 53:56   Yeah, water importation, desalinization, water recycling or water reuse, you know, must have been what as well?   Carley Hauck 54:05   Yes, I imagine. So you've already kind of spoken to that a bit. So which of these six do you want to go into in more depth? We've already talked a bit about water conservation. We could come back to that? Yeah. What do you think?   Brian Richter 54:20   Well, so let's, let's just explain a little bit more about a couple of the others just so that the listeners you know, understand what each of them mean. Okay. So, this concept of water importation is what it suggests: it's importing water from some other place. So earlier I talked about, you know, your bathtub, your water supply comes from your local bathtub. But sometimes, and it's important to us to not use the water in the bathtub faster than it's being replenished. Okay. But one of the ways that you can artificially replenish your bathtub.   We already talked about desalination as one way we talked about stormwater capture is another water reuse is arguably another, you know, instead of letting it go down the drain, you just keep putting it back in the bathtub. But there's also this concept of importing water from further away. It's a strategy. It's an idea that's been used for 1000s of years.   Remember the Roman aqueducts. When the Roman towns were outgrowing their local water supply, their local bathtubs, they built these elegant engineering structures that could bring in water from another spring or another, another river at some distance 10s of miles away from the Roman town. That's an idea that now has been taken to the extreme in many places in the world. California moves water from Northern California to Southern California. China's completing what they call the South North water diversion project that basically moves water from the southern part of China to the northern part of China. We're doing this, you know, we've been moving water around. And it is, it is a strategy for bolstering your bathtub, you know, for bringing more water in your bathtub.   But there's two primary issues on it. One is it again, it takes a lot of energy to move water around. So imported water is expensive water. The other is that in today's world, more and more places are becoming scarce in their available water, the people that live in those places need their available water supply, and they don't want to see some other city or community coming in and sticking a straw in their water supply.   And so you have the potential of just spreading and worsening the water scarcity problem, if you're trying to import water from a place that if it's not water scarce, now, the loss of that water to the importing city might cause it to become a water scarce place. So that's not really a good option, it can be used to some limited extent. For some minor fraction of your water supply, but it's not one that you know, it's certainly not one that I advocate for. Again, there are other much, much better ways of trying to bolster your water supply, or reduce how much water you need.   Carley Hauck 57:44   And then water storage. That's another one.   Brian Richter 57:47   So water storage is really a temporary way of making more water available when you need it. So many places in the world, particularly the places where we grow food, have seasonality in terms of their available water, in terms of, think about it as rainfall. So there's a wet season and there's a dry season, typically, what reservoirs do is that they store up water during the wet season and they hold on to it so that we can use it during the dry season. So it's not a long term way of increasing your water supply. It's just a way of managing it on short timeframes, say from the dry season to the wet season. Maybe if you've got a really big reservoir, it can help go from a wet year to a dry year. But it's not something that's going to bolster your water supply for decades. And that's really important to understand that one.   The last one that we haven't touched on is you know, I called it watershed management. And basically the idea is that the amount of water that runs off of the landscape is dependent upon a number of things. It's dependent upon what kind of soils are out there and how much water infiltrates or percolates into the soil. It's also dependent upon what kind of vegetation is out there. Forest grasslands, crop fields. And you can actually change how much water runs off the landscape by changing in particular the vegetation that's growing out there. Now, some places have been able to do this in a way that we might think of as a win-win.   So I'll use the example of South Africa. So in South Africa, you know, maybe 100 years ago, they started importing a lot of trees from other places in the world. And particularly they started importing a lot of eucalyptus trees from Australia, into South Africa. It was for windbreaks and for erosion control purposes and that sort of thing, but those, those new trees that were introduced into South Africa took off, they started growing all over the place. They are what we refer to as an invasive species, it just invade.   Carley Hauck 1:00:15   There's a lot in South Florida where I grew up. And there's a lot of eucalyptus in the bay area here, too.   Brian Richter 1:00:20   Yes. And in San Diego where I grew up, yeah. So it turns out Carley, that those imported trees, those invasive eucalyptus started using a lot more water from the landscape, and had the effect of reducing how much water was running off the landscape and getting into their streams. So it decreased their water supply industry.   And so what they're doing now, this is a great example of watershed management, because that unnatural non native vegetation is also not good habitat for the wildlife, the native wildlife there. So they are hiring particularly poor South Africans, giving them some employment opportunities, and hiring them to participate in programs to cut down those invasive eucalyptus trees. And they're seeing very impressive results in terms of more water now flowing in their streams, something on the order of, you know, 20-25% in some of these places. So they're improving the habitat for their need for wildlife, and increasing their water supply at the same time. And so that's a great example of watershed management.   Carley Hauck 1:01:41   Thank you. Yeah, well, I could talk to you all day. Okay. But I'd like to kind of hone in on action steps for, for business and for the individual, you know, really focusing on water conservation. So, you know, for drier states, for example, you know, how can we really align our business operations? I don't know, if you do any consulting? And I'm sure you did when you were working at the nature conservation. But, you know, for businesses, how can we really be mindful of how we're using water for our products, or our supply chains?   But I'm also just, you know, I talk a lot about how we can reduce our consumption, and that that goes along with water that goes along with, you know, reducing meat and our reliance on agriculture, because that's all taking water that's taking more of our natural resources. So I'd love to hear your thoughts on those.   Brian Richter 1:02:50   Yeah, well, two, two thoughts come to mind with respect to businesses and corporate responsibility around water. One is that a lot of companies are doing this and I assisted, and Greg Koch was, you know, an example of one individual who I worked with very closely with him, he was at Coca Cola. And he was in charge of their water stewardship programs. He was one of these individuals within the corporate world, who was aware that the way that they use water could have consequences, or could be risky to the business, if water was becoming scarce, or if there was too much pollution occurring in the area. Being fully aware of all of those kinds of environmental consequences.   And that was one thing that, that I and a number of my colleagues worked closely with some of the largest corporations in the world, on walking them through this process of helping them to understand where their business operations were, where their supply chains were, and what was the water situation in those places. Because the first principle with them was, don't be a contributor to a problem, okay? It's not good for your, for your long term, business profitability. And it's not good for your image, you know, in the communities, it's, it's, you know, it's risky to be, you know, in those places, so you have to be aware of that. So that was the first step.   And, and then helping them to understand how they could reduce their water needs to the absolute maximum extent whether it was inside their factories inside a bottling plant, or whether it was out in the farm fields where they were producing sugar or other ingredients that go into the product. So, awareness first, where are you and are there problems there. Two, do everything you can to reduce your own influence on that.   But the other gigantic challenge for many of these companies right now Carley is because a lot of the places that these people have been operating in may have been okay for decades in the past. But now you're in places like the Colorado River system, the Rio Grande, the Klamath Basin up in Oregon, the Central Valley in California could go on and on. And on the Snake River Basin in Idaho. These are places that where we're now in a situation where we're overusing the available water supply. We're using it faster than it's being replenished. Climate change is making less replenishment available. And we have to do something differently.   So we're at that cathartic moment that we talked about a while ago, we have we can't keep doing things, the way that we've been doing. It's important for these big companies, particularly food and beverage producers, to really understand that reality that they may have been doing okay for for past decades, but the future is not good. And they need to think very carefully about whether they can continue to source their ingredients from supply chains that are going through these that are going through these water supply crises.   Now, one of the really interesting things that's happening in the agricultural world right now currently, from my perspective, from the water perspective, is a conversation that's emerging about, should we be growing something differently in this place, that uses a lot less water, and yet still provides economic viability for the farmers.   Carley Hauck 1:06:48   Like vertical farming?   Brian Richter 1:06:50   Vertical farming, but it can also be shifting the crops, you can go from a really water intensive crop, like alfalfa to something else that might use half as much water, you know, on each acre. And then, of course, this is all tied up with the other decisions about what foods are we demanding as a society? And are we demanding foods that require the production of, you know, in areas that are that are water scarce, or experiencing water pollution? So one of the things that's going to be really important is for these corporations to participate in, facilitate and convene a conversation around, okay, if we're all embracing the reality that something's got to change, something's got to give, then let's have a conversation about where what we want are the future of agriculture to look like.   Carley Hauck 1:07:44   Right? Yeah, thank you. Well, there's a lot of exciting things happening in food tech right now. And three of the leaders I highlight in the book are really trailblazers in bringing more plant based alternative proteins to market. Just might be a company you are familiar with. It's called the just egg. And it's made completely out of mung beans. Soybean requires a lot less water than a big chicken farm. I believe one egg is seven times the amount of water needs, then, for example, the just egg which is made completely from plant based protein, yes. So we also have to think about the plastic and all the packaging, like there's, there's certain water and production levels, but I'm imagining it's still much less having, you know, these massive chicken farms, which, for one are treated very inhumanely. So I do feel like we're we're creating some different solutions. But as we've already talked about, it needed to happen a long time ago. So we're, you know, we have a certain level of intensity and speed that needs to happen right now.   Brian Richter 1:08:56   Exactly. Exactly. Yep.   Carley Hauck 1:09:01   Well, in our parting question, what are some things that individuals could do just just like after we get off the call after they get off the call today, for example, you know, if they're trying to understand their water use, and their water consumption, you have a lot of great questions that you talk about in your water conservation section of the book.   And so I mean, even just some of the questions I was trying to answer for myself and I and I couldn't, for example, let's see, hear some are there certain times of the year or certain years during which there's insufficient water available for your withdrawal needs in the vicinity of your water use? Who is withdrawing and using the greatest volumes of water? Can you or other water users reduce water withdrawals by implementing more efficient ways to use water?   I mean, some of these I can answer for myself, I'm being silly but some people may not know how to do this. And so obviously, we have to look to our cities and even understand our aquifers, overuse, like, how do we learn that information? And how do we be a voice in our communities in our states? If water is not being utilized responsibly, I would like to inspire people to speak up.   Brian Richter 1:10:21   Yes, yes. At the risk of sounding self promotional, but I wrote the I wrote the book out of a genuine feeling of a service.   Carley Hauck 1:10:34   It's an awesome book, plug the book I have right here. I love it. I've already shared it with a few people.   Brian Richter 1:10:40   I did not write it to make money, I genuinely wrote it to try to help educate people. At a very basic level, I kept thinking, how can I say every single sentence in the simplest way possible. And so I don't assume that you know anything about water going into it. But the book can help you not only to understand some things about water, but also help you to understand what some of the questions are that you should be asking of yourself, or asking of your water provider.   In terms of some of the questions that you just mentioned, if you live in a city, it's a good idea to figure out who provides your water, who sends your water in the pipes that comes out of your tap, you know, it's not that hard to figure it out, you get a water bill, you know, if you, perhaps if you own your own home, or you're renting, and get a water bill, and that tells you which company is cleaning the water and sending it to you, you know, in your home or business. And then, you know, you can go to their website, or you can just give them a call, and you can have a conversation with them about, hey, here's some questions. I want to know, is my water source being used in a sustainable manner? Have you ever faced problems with water shortages? Have you ever faced problems with pollution? You know, just some really, really basic questions that will help to get you connected to arguably the most important resource in your life, right? Yeah, if we're suddenly going without water.   And so it's really essential to just get that connection to know where it's coming from. Whether the provider of that water is doing it in a responsible manner, if the water source is in trouble in some way, those kinds of questions are really, really important.   Carley Hauck 1:12:35   Or if it's clean. It's interesting, because when I was living in North Carolina, I actually was looking into how the water was being treated. And it's so interesting, because a lot of people, you know, would talk about, oh, there's fresh spring water. Well, the fresh spring water isn't actually being treated, and it has lots of problems with it. I mean, people were having, what's the word? What's the bacteria?   Brian Richter 1:13:03   Giardia.   Carley Hauck 1:13:04   Yeah, thank you. But there were also a lot of additional chemicals that were being put in the water that were quite poisonous. That was not happening, where I was living in Oregon and in California. So, you know, again, it's like, why is this happening when this water could be much cleaner? And I use a filtration system. But still, why are we putting these contaminants in the water doesn't make any sense?   Brian Richter 1:13:30   Right, right. Yep. Yep. Well, we could do with a lot more ethical responsibility in the world. And we could do with a lot more awareness and learning. And so let's all make it a personal challenge, to learn a little bit more about some of these things that affect our daily lives and then become informed citizens of the world.   Carley Hauck 1:13:55   And take wise action.   Brian Richter 1:

We love living in the south.

Today's episode was straight channelled from the divine thanks to a question someone asked Kehla on Instagram: What parts of your chart tell you how to market yourself in alignment with your HD? In this episode, Kehla dives into many aspects that you can leverage from your Human Design, the planets, Gene Keys for writing to market yourself in your business. What's covered: The trick to embodying the foundational aspects of your HD to be your internal compass for integrity with marketing How to leverage the throat center, whether it's defined, undefined or open, & the gates to write copy & share your messaging Utilizing defined versus undefined centers in your HD chart for creating your energetic voice The significance of the planets: Sun, Earth, Mercury, Uranus, Saturn, South & North node in sharing your story How to contemplate your Activation Sequence in the Gene Keys, so that you can emanate your Purpose in life with your audience 6 different ways to write content (credit to Phoebe Kuhn for her Projector wisdom on this)   Get certified in the Sacred Success Coaching Certification   Like Kehla's facebook page Follow Kehla on Instagram Check out Kehla's website Check out Kehla's Human Design Reading offers Sign up for Kehla's FREE 7 day Human Design Challenge Thank you for tuning in, liking, subscribing, leaving a review & sharing!

In today's episode we speak with Yanneck about his work at the South-North Weltwärts program of the ASC Göttingen 1846 e.V.. After he himself had the chance to go weltwärts to South Africa he decided to stay in the Weltwärts context. Yanneck started working for the North-South component of Weltwärts and now he is in charge of the matching opposite, the South-North program.    What is South-North? How do the volunteers from the partner countries get selected? And can you use your weltwärts experience when now working with the incoming volunteers?  All that, and much more in today's episode. Have fun!    Haben wir ein Thema deiner Meinung nach nicht differenziert genug betrachtet? -> Dann schreib uns gerne eine E-mail: podcast@together-on-earth.net   Wir freuen uns auf eure Kommentare und können das jeweilige Thema in der darauffolgenden Folge noch einmal aufgreifen! Was ist der ToE e.V. (Together on earth e.V.)? -> hier zur Website: https://together-on-earth.net/

Bringin the South North in this 2nd part to the crossover marathon episode we recently ran with the men at the Talk About It Outdoors Podcast. Be sure to head over to their platform to catch episode 1 of a great night, and you may get some new insights into the two of us. While your there, make sure to give the guys a great review, subscribe, and stay tuned to what they are doing because they certainly put on a great show! Continuing the conversation from part 1, we get to dive into what drives these two towards their passion for the southern outdoors and the podcast lifestyle. There are a lot of laughs, some Trev's bloopers, plenty of content about the outdoors, and of course, a great time all around! You'll need to buckle up for this trip, cause it's a bit of a wild ride! The Outdoor Drive Podcast Official Website: Theoutdoordrive.com **The Hunters Box Club- https://huntersboxclub.com/offers/fps-v1 ** Sign up for your First free box (only pay shipping) to receive your limited-edition Outdoor Drive T-shirt and a few other surprises! Be Sure To Check Out Our Sponsors and Partners- Gator Outdoors: gatoroutdoors.com   Promo Code: Outdoordrive25 Latitude Outdoors: latitudeoutdoors.com Timbered Tumblers: timberedtumblers.com Nor'easter Game Calls: nor-eastergamecalls.com Out on a Limb MFG: outonalimbmfg.com

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When is the last time you read the North Carolina constitution? It’s an exercise generally reserved for the ... most passionate political followers. So, it may come as a surprise that our state still has a literacy test on the books. On The Politics Podcast, a law professor and state legislator explain why a literacy test — even if not enforceable — remains the law in North Carolina and what efforts are underway to remove it.

Dr. Clayton, relates some of the hardships of taking a church that thought they wanted to change but the only thing that changed was their mind about changing.

In this episode of the Swedish Global Health Podcast, we interview Dr. Angelina Kakooza, child neurologist and co-founder of the East African Academy of Childhood and Disability. We will discuss her work, research on developmental delays and disabilities, particularly the prevalence of and support for Children with cerebral palsy in Uganda. Dr. Kakooza also gives us some inside tips on successful South-North collaborations!

The fellas continue their division by division preview with the NFC South and North. This week’s top 5 is Luke’s favorite Pro Wrestlers of all time. (With special guest host Kyler’s dog Karma) --- This episode is sponsored by · Anchor: The easiest way to make a podcast. https://anchor.fm/app

Mike completely disrupts the long-distance paradigm - instead of 1-2 marathons a year, he might do that many in a single weekend. He has run 107 ultra’s in the last 11 years, and most of them fast - his Marathon PR is 2:17:49. And he just completed the Israel National Trail - 1,016km in 10 days, 16 hours, 36 minutes. “I’ve been inspired by this FKT movement … I think there’s freedom with it … and there’s so much opportunity to engage the community.” The “INT” runs South-North, crossing the entire country of Israel, and is modeled after the Appalachian Trail. Mike was tracked on this website, and offered great insights during our discussion: “That’s the power of these things … they bring you to your limits, and that’s what I was looking for.”

This is a short interview episode from the poster session at the Open Science Conference 2019. In this episode Bernd talks to Johanna Havemann (@johave on Twitter), a (digital) science project manager as well as trainer and consultant in (Open) Science communication. Johanna gave a presentation on open source infrastructure for region- and discipline-specific preprint repositories and presented a poster on AfricArXiv, a free preprint service for African scientists.

Ep # 23: Football is Back, Rookies, NFC East, South, North, West, AFC East, South, North, West, Ovechkin baby by Richie G and Ellis C

In this podcast, Ben talks about our time campervanning through New Zealand's South then North Islands. Lots of big things happen in this episode, including these highlights: - Winning our second and third collaboration projects - Having our first large video share on Facebook by 'Must Do Travels' - A change in the style, look and feel of our video production - Pitching to Cook Islands resorts to exchange video services for stays We also share information about our route through New Zealand, what we did along the way and some advice on things to do and places to see. We hope you enjoy this episode, we are open to your comments/questions and please subscribe to the podcast to hear how our journey evolves over time. Next podcast will cover the tropical Cook Islands!

What are prospects for formally ending the Korean War and getting North Korean leader Kim Jong Un to abandon his nuclear arsenal and ICBMs? What are the impediments and challenges for a potential meeting between US President Donald Trump and Kim Jong Un? Jean Lee, Director of the Center for Korean History and Public Policy at the Woodrow Wilson Center, and Bruce Klingner, Senior Research Fellow at the Asian Studies Center at the Heritage Foundation discuss the significance and implications of the recent mini-summit between the leaders of North and South Korea with host Carol Castiel.

When the civil war broke out in 1975, Lebanon was extremely polarized between Western-leaning ultra-nationalist Christians, and pro-Arab States (read: Sunni) pan-nationalist Muslims. This has changed not because of any introspection on the part of the Lebanese themselves, but because the world and Middle East have since changed for good, but not necessarily for the better. The regional map, established mainly after World War I, is caught in a severe vortex, and the results are unpleasant. Sudan is cut in half, Iraq has effectively three rival enclaves (Shia, Sunni and Kurds), Syria will have two or more, Yemen is edging again towards a South-North divide if not a collection of regions, and the GCC is fractured because of a spat with Qatar.  Only Lebanon stands weakened, even failing, but not yet broken-up. One hears in present day Lebanon repeated outcries against an Iranian Anschluss, specious declamations countering closer rapports with Saudi Arabia, and the usual condemnations of Israel for all evils. However, there barely are calls for an independent Marounistan or – on the opposite spectrum- for constitutional amendments to achieve a sanctimonious unity with the Arab world. Today, one can hardly imagine a declaration for Druze autonomy, styled after their modern-day role model, the Kurds. Did the old dream of breaking up Lebanon simply die?! That would be a cause for celebration, but alas the reality is that such dream has ran out of fantasy partners and of bedfellows. The Christians are facing a post-religious West, that cares not for championing the causes of religious minorities, as was the case in the 19th and 20th centuries. Back then, Russia sided with the Greek Orthodox, Britain supported Protestant proselytizing, and France forged closer ties with the Maronites. A fork in history came up in 1982 with the failure to force a peace process onto Lebanon via the Israeli invasion, which left the Israelis completely disillusioned (not the other way around). The Israelis were shocked to learn that their staunchest ally, Bashir Gemayel, was busy working to maintain good rapports with the moderate Arabs, instead of publicly supporting their military campaign and rushing to sign a peace treaty. As it takes two to tango, the ultra-nationalist Christians were left –since 1982- without a dancing partner in the West or elsewhere, and the music suddenly stopped! The Sunnis have given up on being the solo champions of an unconditional Arab unity. This, as with the case of the ultra-nationalist Christians, was also not the fruit of deep reflection on their part, but a re-assessment of a stark reality. In fact, their Arab world, that very same Nasserite Project of the 60s', is after all well dead and deeply buried. Where is the Arab world that should be united? And where are the Arabs who want to be united? The Sunnis too lack a partner who is willing to nurture their fantasy dreams of a greater Arabia from the Sea of Oman to the Mediterranean Sea, with Lebanon only a small part thereof. Egypt is solely focused on its gigantic economic and security domestic problems: from curbing fanaticism, to managing the ambitions of Turkey and Iran, to handling the Gaza Strip etc. It has long lost that regional role it once assumed. All told, Egypt is in disarray, incapable of leading a Sunni majority abroad, let alone one at home. Syria is at war with itself, the Sunni-led revolt has failed and the country maybe broken up in several zones of influence, for years to come. Iraq is in the hands of Iranian puppet masters who share no common cause with the Lebanese Sunni establishment, and the GCC has always viewed them as a source of human talent not a human bridge for geopolitical claims. The Druzes are the de facto Catalans of Lebanon minus the economic power, and with no need for an explicit vote to assert their desire for total autonomy. They have their area of influence from Damour to Niha,

Learn how to say in Russian "The Far East", "Western Europe", "in the south of England" and more. Check the transcript of the words and phrases by following the link on www.russianeasy.com (118. South-North-East-West.)

Britt Crow-Miller joins Andrew Maynard and Heather Ross to talk about her work mapping flows of people, resources, power, and other factors related to the Chinese South-North Water Transfer Project. More information at Britt's website: www.bcrowmiller.com •Britt Crow-Miller: https://sfis.asu.edu/node/1794 •Some information on Britt’s work on the South-North water project: http://www.chinausfocus.com/author/10762/Britt+CrowMiller.html •Sustainability: Transfer project cannot meet China’s water needs: http://www.nature.com/news/sustainability-transfer-project-cannot-meet-china-s-water-needs-1.18792 •Can China’s South-North Water Transfer project and industry coexist?: https://www.thethirdpole.net/2015/10/20/can-chinas-south-north-water-transfer-project-and-industry-co-exist/

Lisa Åkesson unsettles the image of migrants’ border crossing as solely taking place in South–North direction by looking at the contemporary postcolonial Portuguese labour migration to Angola Global discourses as well as migration regimes often build on and reinforce the image of migrants’ border crossing as solely taking place in South–North direction. This paper unsettles this idea by looking at the contemporary postcolonial Portuguese labour migration to Angola. In particular it focuses on the Portuguese migrants’ relation to the Angolan party-state, and the ensuing (re-) articulation of Portuguese and Angolan postcolonial identities. The paper demonstrates that while the most influential Portuguese are closely allied with the Angolan political elite, other Portuguese migrants are in a vulnerable position in relation to the Angolan party-state, and many struggle to secure immigration documents. The vulnerability of the non-elite Portuguese brings about feelings of postcolonial score-setting among some Angolans. These feelings are still a part of the colonial legacy, but they also reflect a new turn in Angolan-Portuguese relations. Thus, in difference to most studies with a postcolonial perspective this paper does not take the continuance of the colonial as a starting point; rather it probes the limit of the colonial.

China makes an about-face on Libya, we discuss a recent controversy in Beijing's arts community over independent filmmaker Zhao Liang. We also get an on-the-ground update on the state of China's South-North Water Diversion Project: a little-publicized infrastructure effort that already dwarfs the Three Gorges Dam in both its human and environmental impact. We're lucky to have an incredible lineup of guests. Joining Kaiser Kuo in our studio this week is Edward Wong from The New York Times, whose recent profile of independent filmmaker Zhao Liang sets the stage for our discussion today. Kathleen McLaughlin from the GlobalPost is also here, fresh back in Beijing from a trip to Shaanxi to investigate the state of China's plans to redirect southern water to the country's parched north. We are also lucky to be joined by Sinica-stalwart Will Moss of Imagethief fame. Recommendations: Edward Wong Crime and Punishment (Zuì Yǔ Fá), Petition (Shàng Fǎng): https://www.amazon.com/Liang-Collection-Petition-Punishment-Airplane/dp/B006Z1H4M0 Still Life (Sǎn Xiá Hǎo Rén): https://www.amazon.com/Still-Life-%C3%82-Zhou-Sanming-Zhao/dp/B001CD6GL6 Will Moss When A Billion Chinese Jump, by Jonathan Watts: https://www.amazon.com/When-Billion-Chinese-Jump-Mankind/dp/141658076X Kaiser Kuo Décadence Mandchoue, by Edmund Trelawney Backhouse: https://www.amazon.com/Decadence-Mandchoue-Memoirs-Trelawny-Backhouse/dp/9881944511 The Hermit of Peking, by Hugh Trevor-Roper: https://www.amazon.com/Hermit-Peking-Hidden-Edmund-Backhouse/dp/190601101X/ref=dp_ob_title_bk>

The Kings of the South/North