Podcasts about specialties

Special discounts up for AIE Melbourne (LS discount) and AIE World's Fair (group discounts up to 25% - CFPs still open for Autoresearch and Vertical AI) Cya there!Abridge did not start as an “GPT wrapper”. It was founded in 2018, years before the Cambrian explosion of AI application layer companies. OpenAI launched ChatGPT publicly on November 30, 2022 and by then, Abridge had already spent years doing the unglamorous work of building trust for one of the highest context, most important workflows in healthcare: the conversation between a patient and a clinician.Abridge's original wedge was clinical documentation. Listen to the visit, generate the note, reduce the clerical burden, and let clinicians spend more time with patients instead of the EHR. By focusing on how doctors actually document, how health systems actually buy, how EHR integration actually works, how clinicians verify outputs, and how missing context during a visit turns into downstream friction across billing, prior authorization, quality, and follow-up, the adoption of LLMs became a force multiplier on a workflow already optimized for sensitive context gathering.The company has scaled fast: Abridge says it is projected to support 80M+ patient-clinician conversations this year across 250 large and complex U.S. health systems, with support for 28+ languages and 50+ specialties. It raised $300M at a $5.3B valuation in June 2025, after a $250M round earlier that year.Today, Janie Lee and Chaitanya “Chai” Asawa of Abridge join us for another crossover pod with Redpoint's Jacob Effron (who is on the board of Abridge) to dive into how Abridge is building the clinical intelligence layer for healthcare starting with ambient documentation, then expanding into clinical decision support, prior authorization, payer/provider/pharma workflows, and eventually real-time agents that act before, during, and after the patient conversation. We go inside the product, data, infra, evals, workflow, privacy, and org design choices behind bringing AI into one of the highest-stakes enterprise environments from 100M+ medical conversations and specialty-specific evals to real-time alerts, EHR integration, de-identification, clinician-scientist teams, and why healthcare may solve some of the hardest AI problems first.We discuss:* Why Abridge started with clinical documentation, “pajama time,” and saving clinicians 10–20 hours a week* The transition from ambient scribe to clinical intelligence layer: save time, save money, and save lives* Why conversations between patients and clinicians may be the most important workflow in healthcare (patient visit summary feature)* Chai's “healthcare-coded Glean” framing: context is king, but healthcare raises the stakes on safety, evals, and rollout* Why Abridge wants AI to feel like “air conditioning”: always in the background, but only interrupting when it truly matters* The prior authorization example: turning a denied MRI weeks later into real-time guidance while the patient is still in the room* Why payer policies, EHR data, medical literature, and hospital-specific guidelines make the problem hard, and also create the moat* How Abridge thinks about ambient form factors: mobile, desktop, in-room devices, nursing workflows, multimodality, and future AR* The multi-sided healthcare customer: CMIOs, CFOs, CIOs, clinicians, patients, payers, and pharma* The hardest AI problem at Abridge: high-quality, low-latency, low-cost real-time support in a high-stakes clinical setting* When Abridge uses frontier models vs proprietary models, and why its unique data from medical conversations matters* Why “every agent is a coding agent underneath,” and how the EHR can be thought of as a filesystem for healthcare agents* How Abridge approaches personalization across individual doctors, specialties, and health systems* Why “AI slop” is AI without context, and how edits, memories, and clinician preferences create a data flywheel* Abridge's eval stack: LFDs, LLM judges, in-house clinicians, third-party evaluators, specialty-specific evals, and progressive rollout* HIPAA, PHI, de-identification, one-way anonymization, customer contracts, and learning from healthcare data safely* What changes when you operate at 100M+ conversations: reliability, cost, post-training, model routing, and infrastructure optimization* Why the same clinical conversation can serve doctors, patients, payers, pharma, and future clinical-trial workflows* How Abridge works with EHRs, and why deep interoperability is table stakes for clinician adoption* Why healthcare AI has regulatory tailwinds, why 80/20 does not work here, and why high-stakes domains may drive AI forward* Why Abridge embeds “clinician scientists” into product and eval teams* What Chai learned from Glean about search, quality, and durable AI infrastructure* Why the future of AI infra may look like context layers, event-driven systems, Kafka, Temporal, sockets, CRDTs, and tools built for humans* Why Janie changed her mind on “PRDs are dead,” and why crisp written clarity matters more in complex AI products* How Abridge uses Claude Code, Cursor, and coding agents internallyAbridge:* Website: https://www.abridge.com/* X: https://x.com/AbridgeHQJanie Lee:* LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/janiejleeChaitanya “Chai” Asawa:* LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/casawaTimestamps00:00:00 Introduction and what Abridge does00:02:05 From ambient documentation to clinical intelligence00:04:04 Clinical decision support and context as king00:06:57 Alert fatigue, proactive intelligence, and prior authorization00:12:36 Ambient AI form factors and healthcare customers00:16:59 The hardest AI problems in healthcare00:18:26 Frontier models, proprietary data, and model strategy00:21:07 The EHR as a filesystem for agents00:24:03 Personalization, memory, and clinician preferences00:30:40 Evals, LLM judges, and progressive rollout00:36:47 HIPAA, de-identification, and privacy00:39:21 100M conversations and operating at scale00:44:10 EHR integration and the clinical intelligence layer00:46:39 Healthcare regulation, latency, and high-stakes AI00:50:11 Clinician scientists and long-tail quality00:53:04 Lessons from Glean and durable AI infrastructure00:57:03 The future of agentic healthcare workflows00:57:34 PRDs, product clarity, and building serious AI products01:03:11 AI coding tools at Abridge01:04:06 OutroTranscriptIntroduction: Abridge, Clinical Intelligence, and the Latent Space x Unsupervised Learning CrossoverSwyx [00:00:00]: Okay. This is a special crossover Latent Space Unsupervised Learning pod.Jacob [00:00:07]: Very excited to do this.Jacob [00:00:08]: At this point, we get together once a year.Swyx [00:00:10]: Once a yearJacob [00:00:11]: And this is a fun occasion to get to do it on.Swyx [00:00:13]: I really wanted to talk to Abridge but I felt very underqualified because healthcare is not something we cover very intensely. It just so happens that Redpoint's our big investors and supporters of Abridge.Jacob [00:00:27]: Anytime you want to have a portfolio company on your podcastJacob [00:00:29]: Please, by all means.Swyx [00:00:31]: So we'll introduce our guests. Chai and Janie, welcome to the pod.Janie [00:00:34]: Thanks for having us.Chai [00:00:35]: Thank you.Janie [00:00:35]: We're excited to be here.Chai [00:00:36]: Thank you.Swyx [00:00:36]: So for listeners, what do you guys do, just to situate you guys in the company?Janie [00:00:42]: Abridge is a clinical intelligence layer for health systems. We really started with documentation and building for clinicians and as we think about reducing the burden that clinicians have, they're spending 10 to 20 hours a week on documentation. There's a massive doctor shortage in the country. We also think that conversations between patients and clinicians are probably the most important workflow in healthcare. It's where care is given and received but if you think about the 20% of our GDP that goes towards healthcare, almost everything is a derivative of that conversation, whether it's the claim, the payment, the actual diagnosis given, the treatment. And we've started with a conversation to reduce the burden for doctors on documentation but we're really excited about the path ahead as we become this broader clinical intelligence layer.Chai [00:01:34]: I'm Chai. I work on clinical decision support at Abridge.Swyx [00:01:37]: Yes.Chai [00:01:37]: And so as Janie said, we're uniquely situated where we started off with the clinical note. What I'm really excited about and where we're expanding towards is what are all the things you can do before the conversation, during the conversation and after the conversation if you did have access to all the context about patients, payer guidelines, medical literature and put that together and to serve, how healthcare could look fundamentally different.Swyx [00:02:01]: And that's the context engine that you guys have?Chai [00:02:04]: Yes.Swyx [00:02:04]: Is that what it's called? Okay.Swyx [00:02:05]: So historically, as I understand it, the company started in 2018. A lot of people would be familiar with the AI voice notes form factor that doctors would be “Well, do you consent to being recorded?” It replaces handwriting and what have you. But it sounds like more recently there's been a big transition in the company. Tell me about the broader transition.From Documentation to Clinical Intelligence: Save Time, Save Money, Save LivesJanie [00:02:26]: So from a transition perspective, we really think about our journey as The first act was: how do we help save time? And that's where a lot of that original product was.Swyx [00:02:37]: By the way, one of those interesting statsSwyx [00:02:39]: On your landing page was, doctors spend time after hours.Janie [00:02:43]: They call it pajama time.Swyx [00:02:44]: Why is that pajama time?Janie [00:02:46]: Doctors after work in their pajamasSwyx [00:02:48]: In their pajamas. OhJanie [00:02:49]: At home are just writing and catching up on their notes every day.Janie [00:02:53]: Some of our favorite customer love stories, we have a Slack channel called Love Stories. We have clinicians telling us, “Abridge has helped us, from retiring early or we're now finally able toJanie [00:03:06]: go home and eat dinner with our kids for the first time.”Chai [00:03:08]: Save the marriage in some cases.Swyx [00:03:10]: One of the quotes was “We're not divorcing anymore.”Swyx [00:03:12]: I'm asking, “Why?”Swyx [00:03:14]: Because they're working too much.Janie [00:03:16]: But, in terms of where we're going and where we're expanding, we really think about our second and third acts around how do we help health systems save and make more money. Health systems are operating with record-low operating margins. It's getting harder and harder to serve patients and they have regulatory, some tailwinds but also a lot of headwinds coming their way and AI is ripe for helping on the saving and make-more-money piece. And then ultimately, how do we help save lives? The fact that our software and our product is open millions of times a week before, during and after a patient walks in the room, gives us massive opportunity with products like clinical decision support, which Chai is building but so many others to improve patient outcomes and probably one of the most important workflows and problems to be going after right now.From Glean to Healthcare: Context Is KingJacob [00:04:04]: One thing that's interesting, Chai, is you came over to Abridge from Glean and clinical decision support, which for our listeners is, in the context of a visit, helping a doctor figure out the right type of care. It's really a search problem in many ways, going through lots of different data sources. Very analogous to your previous role as one of the earliest engineers over at Glean. I'm sure a lot of our listeners are curious what's similar about the problems that you're going after now and what feels different, now that you're in healthcare.Chai [00:04:33]: Very similar. Taking a step back, with every wave, there's a lot of very similar patterns that happen across different products. A lot of social networking products look the same. A lot of credit-based products look the same. And we're seeing that very similar in the agent era with many companies, of course, in Redpoint's portfolio and so forth. And the key insight between both companies is that you have amazing models but context is king. Context is what puts them to work. So I see it in a lot of ways, a lot of similarities in this is a healthcare-coded version of Glean but the differences are really interesting. A couple things that come to mind. First and foremost, the rigor of the setting we're in. The downside risk is extremely high here in healthcare. It can be fatal in some cases. You prescribe something that the patient is allergic to for example. Whereas at Glean, it's “Oh, you got the question wrong.” It wasn't the end of the world in most cases. And so what does that mean? That shapes our evaluation strategy, both offline evaluation, progressive rollout and there's a lot more we could go into there. Second thing that comes to mind is, vertical versus horizontal. In both cases, there's a large variance but when Glean is, it's a much more horizontal company, there's a variance of personas, companies that you're working with. We also have a variance of personas, different types of specialties, different hospital systems. But the variance is a little more narrow. So from a product perspective, you're able to focus far more, especially when you have a maturing technology and you're building new products that never existed before. It lets you go after them much more easily and especially in healthcare where so many problems were solved with labor and process, that it's extremely ripe for AI to keep helping augment and enable. And the final thing that's really interesting, Abridge specifically compared to many other companies in the AI area, is the modality we started with where we're ambient and we're always listening in the background. And many more AI products will go that way but it's how we started. And that's the greatest form of AI we can create, AI that's seamless. You're not looking at your screen. It's always there. It's always helping you out and being proactive. The Jarvis vision that, every hackathon I went to over the past decade, there was always a Jarvis competitor. But Abridge very much started from the opportunity and continues to go that way.Ambient AI and Alert Fatigue: When Should the Product Interrupt?Jacob [00:06:57]: One thing that is super interesting then from a product perspective is you have this always-on seamless in the background and then you have to decide when you break the wall almost and say, “Hey, clinician, you might not have thought about X,” or whatever it is that you want to do. And in healthcare traditionally there's been this idea of alert fatigue and a million pop-ups and then a doctor just ignores all of them. It's probably a pattern that a lot of builders are thinking through now. How do you think about the right way to intervene or to pop up in a doctor visit?Janie [00:07:26]: It's such a good question. Alerts are notorious in healthcare specifically. Over 90% of alerts are ignored. The first and most important thing is context is everything, as Chai alluded to and I also think about how do we go from being reactive alerting to really proactive intelligence at the point at which it matters most. One thing we like to say is we want our product to feel like air conditioning. It should be in the background just making things better and if there is something that has great clinical risk and we're acutely aware that intervening now and not later is incredibly important, we should decide to act. But if you think about proactive versus reactive, instead of alerting a clinician during a visit when they're with their patient having a pretty serious and sensitive conversation, how do we prep a clinician before they walk into the room with that patient? And so historically, clinicians might have to manually go through charts with a patient that they've had over the course of months or years and they'll try to suss out what are the things they should be doing. You can imagine a world with Abridge. We'll summarize all of the most recent context for you, tell you based on the reason for a visit the patient is coming in for the types of things you should be discussing. And so you're going into that conversation prepped rather than walking in cold to that patient visit and then having this product interrupt you five or 10 times throughout the visit. And there might be times where it's really important to interrupt. We have a product called Prior Authorization and so this is when you may go into a doctor's office with knee pain. They'll prescribe you an MRI and so many of us have had this experience before, where in four weeks you'll get a call saying, “Hey, Sean, that MRI that you were prescribed wasn't approved and why don't you come back in? We'll figure it out.” In a world with Abridge, we might choose to quietly but still alert a doctor in that visit. And alert is probably not even the word we would want to use. Before a patient leaves, we would want to tell the doctor, “Hey, Doctor, before Sean leaves, you should ask him, has he had physical therapy and has his pain lasted for more than six weeks? Because the Aetna plan that he's on in California requires six things. We've already confirmed four of them have been met ‘cause we have all the context. But these two last criteria, if you can address with Sean before he leaves the room, we could guarantee that your MRI is approved before you leave.” And so when you think about clinical usefulness, impact to the patient, there are instances in which if we can catch a doctor while the patient is still in the room, as we think about save time, save money, save lives, we get to check all of those boxes. But when doctors have 15 minutes between visits, we have to be really thoughtful about when it matters.Prior Authorization: Reducing Latency in CareChai [00:10:23]: There's this interesting product opportunity AI has is reducing latency in the world. For example, prior authorization is an example of where care gets delayed and so great AI can reduce that. And the problem with alerts before partially is a technical problem: the quality of your alerts really matters. They're going to get ignored if you get alerts that... Similarly in engineering, where they're noisy alerts that you can't act on. But if you can make really high-quality alerts with both the context, as Janie said, and really high-quality models, then you can create a whole other game.Janie [00:10:53]: And I really like that experience because it starts to tease apart, what makes this so hard and unique. One, to make that prior authorization example possible, think about all the data that you need to have. You need to integrate with the electronic health record to know all of the patient context. Do we have access to your previous labs, previous imaging? And then to match you and to know that you're on Aetna, we have to collect all of the different payer policies and they vary by state. Some of these payer policies live on websites. Some of them live in unstructured 50-page PDF files.Jacob [00:11:31]: I thought this episode wasJacob [00:11:31]: To make sure we didn't scare people from healthcare.Janie [00:11:34]: But when you think about the things that make it hard, it also gives you the moat.Janie [00:11:39]: And then the second is the AI and the model quality we need to be able to hang our hat on. And so the bar, similarly when I worked at Opendoor, I worked on pricing models. Every outlier wiped out the margins of 30 and so similarly here in healthcare, the bar for accuracy is so high. And then I'd say the last is workflow is everything. If insurance companies deploy AI, it typically happens too late and this is when you have the notorious comical examples of AI just fighting each other when it's too late. But if we can pull forward the use of both the AI but also the ability to solve problems when the patient's in the room, you can start to collapse what typically takes weeks or months after your visit, ideally down to minutes or real-time. And it's where healthcare is both very difficult but also extremely rewarding if you can crack it.Product Form Factors: Mobile, Desktop, In-Room Devices, and ARSwyx [00:12:36]: Just to get some baseline on the form factors, because I've seen some videos on your website and stuff. You guys talk a lot about ambient AI. Is it primarily on the phone? Is there any other form factor that people get Abridge in? Is there an Abridge room setup where it's always on? I don't know.Jacob [00:12:55]: An Abridge podcast studio.Janie [00:12:58]: Primary form factor is mobile and desktop. UsuallyJanie [00:13:00]: Clinicians are walking in and out of rooms with mobile but at the end of the day, when they're closing out their notes or wanting to prep for the day ahead, they might use desktop. We have been having a lot of really interesting partnership conversations with a lot of these in-room device companies as you think about the power of multimodality and even more data, as you think about all of what is not captured today. It is fascinating to think about, especially even as we go into building and scaling our nursing product. It's one where nurses constantly, as they're walking in to check in on a patient for two minutes or maybe even 30 seconds,Janie [00:13:43]: Starting an Abridge experience is probably going to take longer than the visit. And so what can we do with in-room devices that are always on starts to raise really interesting and fun product questions.Swyx [00:13:54]: I was thinking, the way in tech companies we have all these Google MeetSwyx [00:13:58]: And other things, we might as well set up entire rooms with just Abridge tech.Chai [00:14:02]: Very much. AR glasses and related form factors are also relevant: how do we bring the information to the clinician in real-time without a screen, while still letting them focus on the patient?Swyx [00:14:18]: Do you think they want that? I'm skeptical of AR, but I'm curious what you've tried.Chai [00:14:26]: Admittedly, it's not a near-term product roadmapChai [00:14:29]: By any means. I'm being far-fetched.Jacob [00:14:31]: There's some sick AR stuff for surgeries.Swyx [00:14:33]: Really?Jacob [00:14:33]: When people are trying to visualize, you're about to make an incision but you want to see, what the cut might look or what the body might look like inside and they can layer in imaging.Swyx [00:14:43]: That's cool.Chai [00:14:45]: At some point in the future.Janie [00:14:46]: But there are a lot of our largest customers and at the largest health systems integrating already and so even as we think about building into it, unlocks a lot of product capabilities.Swyx [00:14:57]: And just to establish the terminology. Sorry, and I know I'm asking basic questions somewhat for myself but also for the audience who might beHealth Systems, Buyers, Clinicians, Patients, and PayersSwyx [00:15:05]: Less integrated. When you say health systems, it's like the Johns Hopkins, the Kaiser Permanentes.Janie [00:15:09]: Mayos, the Kaisers of the world.Swyx [00:15:10]: These are your customers, right? And the outcome that you deliver for them is happier doctors, reduced cost of processing, reduced mistakes. It's weird in a sense that I feel like there's also, a secondary customer, the customer of the customer and I don't know if you — do you think about it that way?Janie [00:15:28]: The other interesting and complex part of building product is we have our buyers, who are the chief medical information officersJanie [00:15:39]: The chief financial officers, the CIOs of these large health systems. Our users today are clinicians but if you think about who downstream is impacted, it's patients. And so as we build, with every product in mind, we think about who we're building for, who the secondary user is and what does that mean either in terms of experience, security compliance, ROI that we have to make tangible. And so like you said, time savings is one of them. But for CFOs, they care a lot more than just time savings. We have to show for every dollar you put into Abridge, because you have more compliant documentation or because you have fewer queries coming from your billing team, we save or add real dollars to your bottom line or top line, are things that we're constantly thinking about because of the dynamic across all three sets of users.Chai [00:16:32]: There's a whole other axis too with the payers and pharmaChai [00:16:35]: as well. Connecting all these three big stakeholders in healthcare isSwyx [00:16:39]: Do the payers ever see your data? Sorry, the payers meaning the insurers, right?Chai [00:16:44]: Yes.Swyx [00:16:44]: They also see Abridge data?Chai [00:16:47]: NoSwyx [00:16:47]: Like the direct integration to you guysChai [00:16:48]: They wouldn't see the raw Abridge data but when you're working together on something like prior authorization, whatever information they need, we'd communicate to them.Jacob [00:16:59]: That's cool. I would love to dig into the AI side. You still have a lot of problems on the AI side. And so maybe to start at the highest level, what's one of the hardest problems you have to solve in AI at Abridge today?The Hardest AI Problems: Quality, Latency, and CostChai [00:17:11]: To make things simple, let's take, building off the prior auth example. So one thing Janie talked about is okay, this data is all over the place and there's this combinatorial explosion of procedures, payer policies and even sometimes different health systems. There can be some cross-product of all of these different considerations you have to take into account. But what's really hard about this problem is doing it real-time in the conversation. So, in any AI product, usually the three KPIs you care about are quality, latency and cost. Now, what we're saying is we want you to do this real-time in the conversation, guiding the clinician. How do we do it in a way that does not break the bank? But we're using — But we also need very intelligent models because you're working with this cross-product of data and this, all this context layer as well. So you need high intelligence and high-quality because you don't want the alert fatigue but you also need to be fast and cost-effective. And so that's where a lot of clever engineering goes. It's okay, without getting into all the details here, can you model these policies in some intermediate representation or other things that you can do that can make this problem tractable? And of course, the Pareto frontier is always changing but we are also trying to do this now.Model Strategy: Third-Party Models, Proprietary Data, and Medical ConversationsJacob [00:18:26]: What implications has that had for what you take off-the-shelf and say, “ what? We don't need to be world-class at X. We'll just take this from the model providers or from some infrastructure player,” and what you're “No, this is where we spend most of our time focused on”?Chai [00:18:38]: This is, the fun challenge in AI?Jacob [00:18:42]: It changes every three months? SoChai [00:18:42]: Of course, with the shifting landscape, we try to be extremely thoughtful on predicting the trends of where third-party models are going and where we can uniquely go. And, sometimes when you talk about AI models, we're the models are just going to get infinitely better. But I don't think... It may be in the grandness of time you could say that but, within every month, every quarter, there's specific ways they're getting better. They're training on a lot more, coding data to be better coding agents, for example. And soChai [00:19:14]: We have to think about where are the things that won't — unique data that we're uniquely training on or to step back a little, where is a proprietary model bringing advantage to us is if it can give higher quality or lower cost and latency for similar quality, very similar to many other companies. And when we can do that is when we have proprietary data. So, for example, we have on the order of eighty million or hundreds of millions now getting close to of medical conversations.Jacob [00:19:44]: It's insane.Chai [00:19:45]: This is a unique data set. And this data set, it's very interesting because this data set is effectively a large part of the trace between the patient and the provider. That's where the quote-unquote debugging happens in healthcare. We have these traces at scale, as in as, our CEOs even called it, an exhaust that comes out of our product. And so when you have these traces, that's how you can train better agents on certain use cases, whether it's your transcription diarization use cases or so on or like note generation models and we can do that much cheaper and faster. But we're always also working with these third-party model providers. We closely collaborate with them and that's how we predict where the trends are going. The thing that I think about a lot is that, I know that the model providers are going to train much more on agentic workflows and so forth, so that's great, so that you have a better agentic harness. But the other thing that's interesting is that the model providers, because a large class of the consumer model providers is healthcare queries, that they might, optimize to train a lot of healthcare data to encode the knowledge in its weights. And this is just a great thing for us as well, where the off-the-shelf models can keep bett-getting better at general healthcare information, such that what our strategy is, we have a constellation of models, we can use something for this, that and, we only care about, at the end of the day, the best product experience.EHR as File System: Agentic Workflows and Real-Time InterfacesJacob [00:21:07]: And, you have, overall capabilities improving. I'm curious, as these models get better, is there something you look at and you're “, three months ago, we really couldn't do that but God, the the latest models really allow us to do it”?Chai [00:21:19]: So here's something interesting that I've, been toying with. So all models are... This wasn't super obvious a year ago but now it's become clear and clear that almost every agent is a coding agent underneath the hood? So you give it whatever file system, it can write its own code and so forth. So when you think about within healthcare and the use case that we have, you can think of the EHR effectively like a file system. It's just — it's a storage of all this information. It's a lot of information there that cannot fit into the context window, at least of today's models and you want to use that context effectively for all these product use cases we're talking about. And so if you have better agents that can, manipulate data, read that data, treat it as a file system as we see they're going and we know model companies are investing this way, then that very directly benefits us.Swyx [00:22:09]: Yeah. Okay, cool. Again, just establishing basic things. But we're going back to the model stuff. I'm really interested in double-clicking more on the real-time, element, which is pretty important for both of you. Is it — Is real-time just batches of every one minute, every five minutes? Is that how we do it? Or is there some more native, genuinely real-time in the sense that OpenAI has a real-time API or Gemini has a real-time API?Chai [00:22:35]: Yeah. Yeah. So today it is more on the on the batch basis but there's interestingChai [00:22:41]: Prototypes that we have that we're still not fully, full time, voice in text out or in that sense. But, can you trigger your models, your agents or agentic workflows, depending on the right times in the conversation?Chai [00:22:58]: And so you can imagine, different techniques to bring this latency down and, you want to bring the feedback loop down as much as you can. And so a lot of clever engineering there without fully... Maybe one day we'll do full voice in and text out, train a model to do something like that.Swyx [00:23:15]: You do — People don't want voice in voice out?Chai [00:23:18]: Now we aren't creating experiences that are, during the conversation, inter — It's almost likeSwyx [00:23:25]: Might be too disruptiveChai [00:23:26]: Too disruptive until, who knows, maybe eventually you could have full voice agents once we — the quality and we improve the comfort of the technology. But right now gra — that change is much more gradual and it's more text focus, text out.Janie [00:23:42]: And so much of currently what our product is trying to do is allow a clinician to focus on their patient and maybe at some point but right now patients, clinicians don't want a third voice, at least in a literal voice in that room. And so how do we be there with all the contacts and information ready at hand when there's the right moment?Personalization: Individual Doctors, Specialties, and Health SystemsJacob [00:24:03]: Jenny, one thing I'm curious about is how you think about, personalization in the product. I imagine, every doctor is a special snowflake in their own way, has their own way they like to do things. There are probably a bunch of different approaches you could take to doing that, both within the model layer itself but then also just with clever prompting or engineering. How do youJacob [00:24:20]: Deliver on that?Janie [00:24:21]: It's such a good question. Personalization is massive for us. We think about personalization at three levels. The first is at the individual, the second is at the specialty level and then the third is at the health system or the organization level. To your point, there are a lot of individual preferences. You-When a note is produced, it almost is a reflection that is so deeply personal of a doctor's work and how they give care. And so do they have preferences on things like style? They might want bullets versus paragraphs, really concise versus comprehensive. They also might have phrases that they really like to use or the templates that they want every note to be structured. And, we see it in our feedback all the time. We want two spaces in between sentences or I refuse to use this tool. And so that's something that we've had to build in. And the tricky part is how do you make sure that stylistic preferences don't interrupt accuracy and quality and that's something that we've really had to refine and hone over time. Second is at the specialty level. A cardiologist note or workflow is going to look very different from a dermatologist workflow.Jacob [00:25:32]: I assume cardiology notes are the highest stakes for you guys, given your CEO is a cardiologist.Jacob [00:25:36]: It's “Oh my God, make sure we get this one.”Janie [00:25:37]: Shiv, our CEO, is still a practicing cardiologist. He rounds once a month. And so, first call when we want just quick and easy user feedback too.Janie [00:25:46]: But, specialties require a lot of personalization, both in terms of what does the product look and so we make sure that as new users onboard, we catch that and the product proportionally reflects that. But also on the back end, evals at the specialty level, they are hard-earned to calibrate and get. What does a really great dermatology note look like? What makes it complete? What makes it compliant and billable is very different than a primary care doctor. And so it's not just about what does the product experience look but on the back end tuning and really deepening our understanding for the specialists. What does great output look like? And that's, a problem that we need to calibrate internally, externally, online, offline but, takes lots of cycles but is necessary in a high-stakes environment. And then at the health system level, for products like clinical decision support, you have health systems who've spent years or decades refining their best practices and they want to know, “Hey, we love your clinical decision support product but how do we embed our own hospital guidelines into them to inform clinicians before, during or after a visit what brest — best practices should look like?” And as you think about, deepening moats as well, when health systems, trust us with that data, allow us to productize it and directly into the clinical workflow, makes us a really great partner to health systems who want to build something that truly meets their needs, their practicing guidelines.AI Slop, Memory, and Product Data FlywheelsChai [00:27:23]: And I want to add onto that. The for the clinical documentation problem, it's very similar to AI writing that doesn't feel like your own and then we call that slop. But the way I describe one framing of slop is like AI without context. But we have all that context and both the clinicians, can have it and can guide it. And so part of the other interesting exhaust for us is, memory is, one of these new systems recordsChai [00:27:49]: Almost.Janie [00:27:50]: And we also have all the edits people make on our product and when you think about a data flywheel and how we get better over time becomes really powerful as a mechanism to just going deeper in personalization.Jacob [00:28:04]: It's interesting. I love this idea of working with systems on the guidelines they built up over a long time. I feel like so many of the best AI app companies today are... The question is: How do you take the expertise that a law firm or a bank has built up over many years and then add that as context and also a special sauce over, a an AI tool? And so seems like y'all are really doing that very effectively.Janie [00:28:24]: We're now starting to have our customers ask, “What are other customers doing?”Janie [00:28:28]: “And how are they doing it?”Janie [00:28:30]: And as we think about having visibility across such a large set of care being delivered right now, a really interesting place we could also partner.Swyx [00:28:40]: I'm just curious. I — This may be a nothing question but, how different are health system guidelines from each other? Don't they all converge to the same thing? And if not, where do they differ?Chai [00:28:52]: At a really high level, they're going to talk about very similar things but the difference is probably in some more of the details. “Oh, you should refer to specialists only when XYZ conditions are met,” or so forth and maybe different organizations have different practices and guidelines around that. But high level, talking about similar things but the details are what, of course, that shapes the context and the decisions you make.Swyx [00:29:15]: And this all goes into the context engine and it might affect the notes but maybe not.Chai [00:29:21]: The — For these local pathways, we're definitely thinking about it a little more for our clinical decision support product.Chai [00:29:26]: So yeah.Swyx [00:29:27]: Which is your stuff, yeah.Swyx [00:29:28]: And then the memory which you raised, let's just tell us more about that. What have you tried in memory? What's the structure of the memory? What works? What doesn't work?Chai [00:29:38]: There's, of course, many different ways you could do memory, where it's okay, can you bake it into the model weights or can you do it in some external store? For us, what's interesting is, of course, when you think the models are rapidly changing, whether it's in-house or third-party, baking into the model weights, sometimes you worry that it could be a little throwaway. And so, how do you... You need to find a way that you decompose the problem, the preferences from the underlying models and so forth. The thing we're right now most both that's easiest to start with and we're excited about is having, a separate store for memory, where you have, for example, a memory sub-agent that's, working in the background, figuring out what are the important parts of the clinician's actions that we want to remember for the long term. And then you can also imagine, other things where in the — you have background jobs that are running that are collating these, memories similar to Sleep, of course and what other pattern, patterns products do as well. Learning over all these action, all the action data we have, again, note edits, the conversations they did and the actual transcripts.Evals: LFD, LLM Judges, and Clinical SafetyJacob [00:30:40]: What about evals? How in the world do you... It is such a complex product surface area. We would love to hear you riff on that and also how has that evolved? I'm sure you've gotten better at it, so any learnings along the way.Janie [00:30:50]: From an evals perspective, we, from day one when we build any new product or feature, we think about, what does good look like? And there are table stakes things like clinical safety but then you start to get deeper into what does good quality look like. And when you go into something like our core product, there's stuff like style and completeness and there's things like does this note become something that can be billable, which is very high stakes for a health system. We have a number of ways in which we get confidence for this. We have, internal in-house clinicians who do what we call an LFD process to give us our very first pass at is this or isn't this a good enough output, look at the effing data.Jacob [00:31:41]: LFD?Chai [00:31:42]: That's why I was smiling. I was “Is Janie going to mention what it stands for?”Jacob [00:31:46]: I was not... There's like a million acronyms.Jacob [00:31:48]: How am I supposed to know that I don't? So “Oh yeah, of course, an LFD.”Swyx [00:31:51]: I've never heard of LFDs.Chai [00:31:53]: It's a bridge for sure.Janie [00:31:55]: I got through three days and then I had to ask someone.Janie [00:31:58]: I thought it was just me that didn't knowJanie [00:32:01]: It's our internal process.Swyx [00:32:02]: But look at the data as a meme in ML, ‘cause you tend to not look at it. You just want to look at number go up.Chai [00:32:06]: Exactly.Swyx [00:32:07]: But yes.Janie [00:32:08]: But so, we make sure we look at the data and then as we think about all of the components of good output, we, one, create LLM judges across all of these and we make sure with annotated data and either internal or external evaluators, we feel like these judges are calibrated. And then depending on the stakes, we also work with in-house and third-party evaluators across all of these before we ship any big change. And the goal is, in terms of evolution, how do you go from this process taking months, down to weeks, down to days? Some of it is, a true science and ML problem. A lot of it's also just, hard operational work. Have you planned ahead in terms of what you need? Have you really optimized the capacity that you need across all of the different specialties you need? Have you gotten a really good sense of which third parties are great to work with for what use cases? This takes a lot of domain, expertise and, lots of mistakes and errors in figuring that out. And so as much of it is an ML problem, so much of it has also been operational gains that are hugely important, where domain-specific expertise is everything.Specialty-Level Evaluation and Progressive RolloutsJacob [00:33:23]: But it's funny, ‘cause I feel like people talk about healthcare like it's one giant market and the reality isJacob [00:33:26]: It's, dozens and dozens of sub-markets. And so it feels like in your evals you have to build that up across the board, probably.Swyx [00:33:34]: And is specialization the primary cardinality at... That's the word that comes to mind.Janie [00:33:40]: Sometimes, depending on the product or the use case. And so if we're making a note improvement or feature for a particular specialty, definitely but we have products that are for nurses. We have products that, are really aimed at making the document or the output a lot more billable. And so we'll want to work with coding teams and not necessary clinicians. And so likeJacob [00:34:05]: Coding meaning healthcare coding.Janie [00:34:06]: Yes. Yes.Jacob [00:34:07]: NotChai [00:34:07]: Yes. I see you.Swyx [00:34:07]: Other kinds.Janie [00:34:09]: But is this output proportional to the work that was delivered? Is there sufficient documentation to justify the amount that a health system may end up charging? And so, specialty sometimes but also domain, very different across all of the different products that we're working for. And building out that network is, not easy and is where a lot of our operational investments have gone into.Chai [00:34:35]: And I view a lot of analogies to self-driving cars here, where, part of it is we really want progressive rollout of features to test in the real world is this useful? Is this going to work? One big difference compared to past lives is before I'd build a product, maybe I'd alpha it and then I'd like GA it the next week, ‘cause I'm “Go, move fast, ship,” and whatnot. But the mentality is like you... I want to make contact with the reality as quick as possible but I want a progressive rollout. Because as much as I get as large of an offline eval set, I want the distribution of that to match real-life distribution. And over time, by rolling out early, similar to Waymo has a tagline, “The world's most experienced driver,” another thing that can, at least linearly increase for us is, both the size of our evaluation offline and online, that and it all feeds back.Janie [00:35:25]: Something that's been earned over time, speaking of evolution, is just the trust we've gotten with customers. Historically, a lot of these health systems, when they bring on new vendors, their release cycles are quarters, sometimes twice a year. We've gotten our customers onto monthly release cycles, which is pretty fast for health systems but what is more exciting over the last, call it, few quarters, has been, a subset of our customers have said, “We want to innovate with you. We trust you,” and we have a pretty, decent chunk of our customers who say, “We'll develop with you outside of these monthly release cycles. We have a higher tolerance. We know that the stakes are very high but we want to be the first ones using these products, giving you feedback.” And so for a pretty substantial set of our customers, we've been able to convince them to be able to ship, in this gradual way before GA. Something we talk about a lot internally is, trust is earned in drops, earned in buckets and so we still can't do what I used to do when I worked at Loom. We had 30 million users. I'd just be, rolling out experiments left and. The bar is still quite high for iterative rollout but because of the trust we've earned, we're able to learn at pretty high volume very quickly.Privacy, HIPAA, and De-IdentificationSwyx [00:36:45]: Your scale is still pretty huge.Swyx [00:36:47]: One thing I want to... We were going to go into scale? In a sec. One thing I wanted to call up, follow up on evals, which, again, just coming from a generalist engineer point of view, just thinking through what would people be scared of in doing this, the privacy and HIPAAJacob [00:37:00]: Elements of this. I have zero experience in that. What do you have to do? What is surprisingly not that bad?Chai [00:37:06]: So one thing that's really important here from a compliance perspective is very much that any of the data we use needs to be de-identified, any real-world data we use as a basis of online eval sets we're learning from. And so you have to — And there's, very clear, government guidelines, what counts as PHI. And so we've even have built models that can take, for example, a clinical transcript and remove all the key PHI indicators and so you have a scrubbed/de-identified version. And then once you... And so one thing that's important is first you've got to get confidence in that model in the first place? And prove that out. Because, now you have, multiple probabilistic systems on top of each other.Chai [00:37:46]: But once you have that, then you can train on it use it for evaluation and so forth, provided one of the cool things also that you can do from a business side is the right data contracting as well with your partners.Jacob [00:37:57]: Is the anonymization one way? Once it's done, you cannot undo it? Or is there someoneChai [00:38:01]: YesJacob [00:38:02]: Who holds the master key that can... Yeah, okay. So it's one way.Chai [00:38:05]: It's one way. Yeah.Jacob [00:38:06]: That's how it works. I just wanted to... Because, there's a lot of this, learning from feedback and everything that, you would want to debug more but you can't because you just physically don't allow yourself to.Janie [00:38:17]: Some of it's also written in our customer contracts in terms of who can or can't access PHI data, how long do we retain it,Jacob [00:38:27]: Very goodJanie [00:38:27]: Before it gets de-identified. And so we have a pretty high bar for who can access that PHI data, just to make sure that we always respect our customer data and privacy. But that's something that we partner with our customers on too, to make sure that as we want full, as close to precision as possible in that qualityJanie [00:38:48]: We can still use it.Jacob [00:38:50]: But it'll be fascinating to see how that space evolves? Because you think about, I used to work at a company that, did a lot of healthcare data in the cancer space and if you asked, the average cancer patient, “Hey, do you want people, do you want other patients to be able to learn-”Chai [00:39:03]: Take it.Jacob [00:39:03]: “... Learn from your experience?”Chai [00:39:04]: Take it all.Jacob [00:39:05]: They're “Please.”Jacob [00:39:06]: “I'd love, nothing more than for other people to be able to learn fromJacob [00:39:10]: The experience that I had.” And so in the past it was a lot harder to do that learning. But with this technology, that might really be practical and so it'll be fascinating to see how that continues to evolve.Chai [00:39:21]: There's so much in our data set of 100 million conversations.Chai [00:39:26]: You can imagine things like insights that you can give to the clinician. How could you, oh, how could you have reacted to this? In coaching or insights around, which treatments are effective or, like... Because you have this, again, this data source that was never captured before but that's, where, intuition or experience is created from, going back to this idea that the conversation is the agent of truth.Operating at Scale: Reliability, Cost, and Token EfficiencyJacob [00:39:46]: Back to the 100 million conversations, I feel like you have this insane scale that maybe only a few other AI app companies have and everyone else dreams of. So not everyone has had to confront this yet but maybe just talk about some of the challenges of operating at that scale and what, our listeners have to look forward to if they ever get to this level of scale.Chai [00:40:05]: At large and larger in scale, so of course there's a general, infrastructure reliability. When you... In any given startup, you're building the plane while it's flying. So there's some notion of that. But what gets interesting on the AI and ML side for sure is this, as you get at more and more scale, so one, you have the data to first and foremost do this. But, you start thinking about costs or infrastructure in a whole different way at scale versus, a prototype.Chai [00:40:34]: You can use the most expensive model, you can burn as many tokens as you want but when you're doing 100 million conversationsJacob [00:40:41]: Token max on leaderboards are less upsetting than that context.Chai [00:40:45]: . When you're doing that and so that comes for we have the data and we also have the team that's able to post-train based on this and you can optimize for efficiency, especially in areas where you believe that maybe a lot of the quality headroom is less so and you don't expect the other off-the-shelf models to go that way, such that you want to do, efficiency maximization, in terms of compute and tokens.Jacob [00:41:08]: I feel like you guys live in the future in some way where most use cases today are really just in use case discovery mode, where it's “God, I really hope I can find something that can get to scale,” and so you're always going to use the most powerful model. And then the few things that do get to this level of scale, you start to do those optimizations.Chai [00:41:22]: It's a natural trajectory where it's like zero-to-one, we're not talking about any of these optimizations.Chai [00:41:26]: But when maybe we're in the one-to-100 or so forth, then we're in optimization mode and, what works out really well is you've got all this data from zero-to-one that lets you do this.What Comes Next: The Conversation as the Shared Healthcare PlatformJacob [00:41:36]: That's fascinating. I feel like one thing that's so interesting about the Abridge footprint is that you're in the doctor-patient visit in real-time. I always like to say, there's like probably 50 years' worth of product you could build on top of that. What gets each of you, I don't know, what are you most excited about building, either in the short term or medium term or even, long down the line?Janie [00:41:53]: Something that I get really excited about is that the same conversation can serve so many stakeholders. If you think about the conversation, a doctor needs to know what is the documentation, how do I make sure that this fully represent the care I gave? A patient needs to know, “What the heck just happened? This was really overwhelming. What are my next steps?” A payer needs to know, was this the proper and appropriate care given? A pharma company might want to know why isn't this drug being properly used or is there a good candidate for this clinical trial that I'm about to run? And where I get excited is that our product and our platform and our infrastructure can be the same product across all of those things and start to what's today, separate, very expensive, complex systems that serve each one of these stakeholders in very different ways, start to collapse all of that into a singular platform that enables not just more efficiency across the board but also better outcomes for everyone. And, all of us experience healthcare in probably very painful ways and knowing that there is a world in which we can simplify a lot is really exciting to me and it all starts with the conversation.Chai [00:43:15]: It's interesting. Of it very similar to going back to the KPIs that any AI product cares about. How do you increase quality of care? How do you reduce latency to care? And how do you reduce costs? Which is a huge, in healthcareJacob [00:43:28]: They call it the triple aim in healthcare.Chai [00:43:30]: But very similar to building AI products and the thing that really excites me is when we talk about that latency piece, we talked about one example earlier of prior authorization, can you reduce the latency to care? But you can imagine so much more. Oh, as soon as the lab value gets updated, do you have like a background agent that, kicks off and uses all the context to be “Oh, hey, the patient should do this next,” for example. And of flagging that to the clinician who's always in the loop but reducing that latency, to care. And then you can imagine this is much further down the road but it's like even connecting that to the direct patient and the consumer. And so how can you, how can you build a bridge to all of these things?EHR Partnerships and the Clinical Intelligence LayerJacob [00:44:10]: Very cool. The connections piece is just an ever-growing thing. And one of the key partners is the EHR and I wonder what that relationship is like. Will they, look at this as, something that is valuable enough that they want to own someday?Janie [00:44:29]: Our partnerships with the EHR is, we know that we have to be extremely close partners with all the EHRs who we partner with. Being able to not only pull and push all of the data into the right places is, not only table stakes, if we can't do that, health systems don't want to use us. The second and the reality of today is clinicians spend a lot of their days in the EHR. So much of what allowed us to win in the largest health systems was pretty direct and, very close partnerships with some of the largest electronic health records that allowed us to pull and push data with APIs that weren't ready out of the box. And clinicians want to save clicks. Anytime we introduce a new product that, adds two clicks for them in their day, they're “We're not going to use it.”Janie [00:45:21]: They have 15-minute back-to-back appointments with their patients. They're spending, hours during pajama time doing documentation. Every second and every minute counts and so we really think about being deeply integrated into the EHR as also table stakes to getting real usage and adoption. And anything that we build or introduce, we really talk about earn the right internally a lot, which is we have to provide so much value or save so much time that people will use us. But those are the two things that are close to us, is we know that the product won't be used unless it is deeply interoperable.Chai [00:46:01]: And strategically, to your point, it's like what does EHR want to own versus us? EHRs are really focused on the clinical workflows and so forth but some of the things that we're talking about here, I do these traditionally are outside of the domain where it's oh, connecting pairs and providers together with provider policies or the clinical trial matching, as Janie brought up. And so these are, entirely — we position ourselves as building this entirely new intelligence, clinical intelligence layer across, again, providers, pharma and, payers.Chai [00:46:33]: And so that's a it's a whole different ballgame that we try to playChai [00:46:36]: In combination with them.Jacob [00:46:37]: But it's like a different layer of scope.Healthcare AI Regulation, Technical Depth, and What Changed Their MindsJacob [00:46:39]: I'm curious, you are both relatively newcomers to healthcare. People have these, there's lots of futuristic healthcare AI takes of “Oh, everything will look different.”, now that you've been in healthcare for a bit, you live at the edge of AI, what have you, changed your mind on around this, as you think about what healthcare looks like in ten, 20 years? Any updates to your mental model from the time being close to the problems?Chai [00:47:02]: One thing that IChai [00:47:04]: Was hesitant about before and it's a common thing when I'm trying to recruit engineers that people ask me around, is definitely oh, healthcare, heavily regulated space. And it is, rightfully so. You want to keep, the patients at the end of the day safe. But one of the interesting things that, is a that surprised me how much it is coming to the company is there's a lot of really favorable regulatory tailwinds as well. Where you think about, government really wants interoperability between all these systems that we talked about and so agents can access this information. The government just in January, the FDA released updated guidance on clinical decision support, what I work on in such a way that they used to have guidance from like 2022 that required you to have, mention all these options and do all these other things but it's a very forward and forward-looking way. And so for me, what's been really cool to work on is this, there's this very special moment both in AI in general, we all know that but there's a special moment also regulatory in healthcare as well.Janie [00:48:05]: One thing I would call out is for the very reasons things are higher stakes or, potentially considered more difficult in healthcare, it's where some of the hardest AI problems will get solved first, just because the bar is so high. When I first joined, I was “Oh, this is where we'll be on the tail end of where, all of the AI innovation will be able to be applied.” But when you think about, zero error evals or multi-step workflows that have really low tolerance, a lot of the innovation will happen here just because we have to or else we can't ship.Jacob [00:48:42]: ‘Cause like in other domains, you'd much rather just solve the 80%-is-good-enough problems firstJanie [00:48:46]: 80/20 doesn't work hereChai [00:48:48]: And building off that, traditionally, there was a bit of stigma that, oh, healthcare companies are not that interesting from a technical perspective or I've seen that or faced that myself. But these are really hard and fun problems from a pure technical perspective beyond just the impact. How do you bring the latency of this thing down and make it really high-quality?Reducing Latency: Clinical Workflows, Agents, and Implementation RealityJacob [00:49:07]: How do you bring the latency of things down?Chai [00:49:10]: Yeah. Yeah. Yeah. So okay, let's answer the latency question. And maybe hopefully not too redundant with some of the things I've said earlier but some part of it is with any latency, you have to like what is, what is really your bottleneck. In a lot of workflows, it's sometimes it's the model itself. And so that's where like our data flywheel, our post-training team and so forth come in so that can you make the models far more efficient. So that's one aspect of latency. But there's whole other aspects of latency where it's okay, on top of that, if you use a constellation of different models, can you use — can you first use like a — it's like thinking fast and slow. Can you use a cheap, fast model that triages and hands it off to a larger model where you get more intelligence and so forth and so all theseChai [00:49:56]: Clever tricks to make it work.Chai [00:49:58]: And by the way, we are totally — we also realize that the parameter frontier is changing and so these tricks will — may not get us to where we want to be in five years but we need to if we want to build a useful product right now.Jacob [00:50:11]: Should we go to the quick-fire or you want to ask more about Abridge? We can stuff everything that's not Abridge into the quick-fireSwyx [00:50:16]: I don't mind. I was — I feel like Janie was on the topic of more long tail stuff, which isSwyx [00:50:21]: Not the eighty/twenty thing and that really matters. And I'll —, if you have any tips or cool stories or just general approaches that have worked for you that's interesting to dig into.Janie [00:50:32]: One of them is even just how we staff our teams looks different than a traditional software engineering team, I'd say.Swyx [00:50:40]: Let's go.Clinician Scientists, Edge Cases, and Evals at ScaleJanie [00:50:41]: We have a bunch of folks with different roles who are clinicians and so we have this role called the clinician scientist and I heard one of our leaders refer to them as mutants recently. But they are people who've had clinical backgrounds, so MDs typically, who are also deeply technical, somewhere, on the spectrum of like a full stack engineer all the way to like extremely scrappy prompter. But having each of these people embedded within our teams instantly raises the bar for everything that we build because not only are they determining, is this product clinically useful but they're deeply embedded in our whole evals process. And so when we talk about LFDs, when we talk about what is our actual evaluation criteria, you don't want Chai or me creating what those are because we don't have clinical background. But is probably unique to Abridge but has been game changing. And when you think about where the puck is going, you have people build with clinical backgrounds who are technical and where AI tools are going, they just becomeJanie [00:51:53]: More and more, critical and like the killers of the team. And so that's one. And then the second is just the scale at which we do evals to catch that long tail up front before anything ever gets into production is something that we've pretty much like really started to fine-tune, both from a scale but when do we know we need to get several hundred versus several thousand offline responses, what helps us make that quick decision and make this less of an art and as much of a science as possible. But that's also been something we've had to tune over time.Swyx [00:52:27]: And you have partners who opted in to give you those evals.Janie [00:52:31]: So we work either internally or with third-party for offline evals and then we have customers who also agree to give us, whether it's like thumbs up, thumbs down to like choose this or that, a lot of data to get us to what is as close to fully confident as possible.Swyx [00:52:51]: The term that comes to mind isSwyx [00:52:53]: Like active learning on things where you're weak. I feel like it's a lost artSwyx [00:52:58]: Is a lot of the polish that comes into doing something like this.Janie [00:53:02]: Really.Chai [00:53:03]: Hundred percent.Lessons from Glean: Technical Foundations and AI App InfrastructureJacob [00:53:04]: Maybe, on a totally unrelated note, Chai, you had a very, storied run at Glean b

Only got 6 weeks to get Swole by Summer? This episode will show you EXACTLY what to do:  [0:00:03] Six-Week "Get Jacked and Lean" Question Framing the core question: what to do in six weeks to look impressive at the beach/pool Brief expectation-setting: six weeks is enough for noticeable change, not total transformation [0:01:00] Introduction to Aleks ("Hebrew Hammer") & Training Background Aleks' personal training experience since 2010 Specialties: kettlebells, calisthenics, natural human movement, old-school bodybuilding, "True Grit" Philosophy: most answers are already within you; success is about arranging habits correctly [0:02:30] General Strategy: Move Every Day Daily movement as a non‑negotiable Pat Flynn guitar analogy: frequent practice beats occasional marathons Simple ideas: parking farther away, taking stairs, casual movement throughout the day [0:04:00] Weekly Training Framework Suggested structure: 3 days: traditional strength training (compound presses, pulls, squats, hinges) 2 days: intermediate / "in‑between" work (cardio or other chosen exercises) 2 days: "off" from hard training, but still walking and light movement Distinction between "moving every day" vs. "training hard every day" [0:06:00] Protein & Diet Fundamentals Protein at every meal Recommended intake: 0.7–1.0 g per pound of lean bodyweight Avoiding excessive protein obsession; importance of also getting fats, carbs, fruits, and vegetables Why supplements and fad diets are overhyped compared to basic nutrition "Gun to the head" test for healthy eating: lean meats, fruits, vegetables, whole foods [0:09:00] Muscle Building vs. Strength Training Focus Defining strength training (lower reps, more sets, more neural efficiency) Defining muscle building (working near failure with fewer hard sets) Example: 10‑rep max exercise used for 1–5 reps (strength) vs. 8–9 reps (hypertrophy) Quoting Lee Priest: "Stimulate, don't annihilate" – pushing hard without crippling recovery Why the beach cares more about visible muscle than pure nervous system strength [0:12:00] Getting Lean: Why Diet Dominates Importance of leanness even without massive new muscle Rough breakdown of daily calorie burn: ~60% basal metabolic rate ~10–15% general movement ~5% formal exercise Practical takeaway: diet quality and quantity drive fat loss more than workouts [0:14:00] Sleep, Recovery, and Hormones Sleep as a major lever for: Recovery from training Hormone production (e.g., testosterone) Reducing cravings for sugar- and carb‑dense foods Modern challenges: artificial light, doom‑scrolling Tease of future content on sleep improvement strategies [0:15:30] Loaded Gait Pattern Work: Concept & Benefits Explanation of "loaded gait pattern work" (walking/carrying weight) Why gait is the most natural human movement pattern Claim: loaded carries are powerful for fat loss and strength support, even with modest weights Idea that you can build muscle and lose fat simultaneously beyond just beginners if done intelligently [0:17:00] Real-World Success Stories with Loaded Carries & Crawling Crawl-A-Days Challenge examples: ER doctor Judson Korn: big strength gains (one‑arm pushup) in ~14 days without specific practice Lina Everby: noticeable fat loss and visible abs within ~14 days Malcolm McAllen: visible abs within ~30 days from 10 minutes of crawling per day Nine-Minute Kettlebell & Bodyweight Challenge: Program overview and purpose Link mention: nineminutechallenge.com (9minutechallenge.com) [0:19:00] More Loaded Carry Examples & Case Studies Matt Furey's story of the Canadian farmer: 60-day journey carrying a 40 lb weight Gradual progression to 10 short walks per day Result: ~30 lbs lost, very lean, PRs in pullups and pushups at ~60 years old Jamie Lewis' Amazon warehouse story: Pushing moderate-weight carts at a steady pace Rapid fat loss despite eating lots of pizza and being off steroids Reinforcing loaded gait as a practical, almost "accidental" fat loss strategy [0:21:00] Practical Six-Week "Swole for Summer" Recap Daily movement with 3 days of compound strength/muscle-building sessions Minimum 5 days per week of loaded gait work 2 lighter days (still walking/moving) Protein at each meal (0.7–1 g per pound of lean bodyweight) Emphasis on: Muscle-focused training (near-limit sets, low volume) Less emphasis on endless kettlebell ballistics for leanness vs. loaded gait Improved diet and better sleep as primary leanness drivers [0:22:00] "Swole by Summer" Program Tease & Call to Action Announcement of the upcoming 6‑week "Swole by Summer" program Program focus areas: "Movability" (flexibility, mobility, coordination) Brief strength sessions to "prime" high-threshold motor units Specific muscle-building work, including some avant‑garde movements Dedicated loaded gait work for leanness and "showing off" built muscle Managing expectations: you won't go from Woody Allen to Arnold Schwarzenegger in six weeks, but you can make dramatic, visible changes How to get updates and access: Join email list via http://www.9MinuteChallenge.com (and get the FREE 9 Minute Challenge, to boot!) Instructions to email/reply if listening later and still interested in Swole by Summer

In this episode of No Filter with Kobo, we explore Kobo's100% Natural Origin Lip Oil in Black Cherry, a modern lip oil that blends natural origin formulation with high-performance color and sensory experience.Spencer and Elsie are joined by Su-Anne, Application LabChemist in Kobo UK, to break down how this formula delivers a balance of color, care, and texture, all while achieving a 100% natural origin claim. Inspired by the timeless “Black Honey” aesthetic, this lip oil combines a sheer, buildable black cherry shade with a cushiony, non-sticky feel that enhances the natural lip tone.The conversation dives into the structure behind theformula, highlighting key ingredients like CO15M5 for glossy texture and stability, KOBOGUARD® NATURAL 3000P for film-forming performance, and SunBoost AEB Natural for nourishing, antioxidant-rich benefits. The team also exploreshow Kobo's pigment technologies enable shade development in natural color cosmetics, without relying on traditional lake pigments.From formulation challenges to customization opportunities,this episode offers a behind-the-scenes look at how modern lip oils can deliver on performance, sensory appeal, and clean beauty expectations, all in one elegant formula.Visit the links below to learn more about the formula andits standout Kobo ingredients:KLG-129-EU 100% Natural Origin Lip Oil in Black Cherry: https://www.koboproductsinc.com/formulations/KLG-129-EU.pdfCO15M5: https://www.koboproductsinc.com/Downloads/Kobo-FumedSilicaGellants.pdfKOBOGUARD® NATURAL 3000P: https://www.koboproductsinc.com/Downloads/Kobo-KoboguardNatural3000series.pdfSunBoost AEB Natural: https://www.koboproductsinc.com/Downloads/Kobo-SunBoosters.pdfBMV-ASGP5 (Manganese Violet): https://www.koboproductsinc.com/Downloads/Kobo-ASGPTreatment.pdfOD Dispersions: https://www.koboproductsinc.com/products.aspx?p=Pigmentary&c=Natural%20Dispersions#OD75RJE ABOUT US: Since 1987 Kobo has provided innovative, technology-basedraw materials to the cosmetic industry. The product range includes Surface Treated Pigments, Microspheres, Suncare and Color Dispersions, Silicone Fluids, Specialties, Natural Ingredients, Effect Pigments, Boron Nitride and DeliverySystems. Kobo has five locations, USA (Corporate Headquarters), France, Japan, Brazil, and UK and is represented globally by independent agents.Learn more at: ⁠https://www.koboproductsinc.com

Visionary empire builder, CEO coach, top 1% speaker, and four-time #1 bestselling author, Adam Coffey builds high-performance cultures that drive transformative exponential growth. Coffey is a founding partner of CEO Advisory Guru, providing consulting services to PE portfolio companies, founders, family offices, and elite executives. A CEO for more than two decades, he led three national private equity-backed service companies for nine PE sponsors, realizing billions of dollars and averaging 5X MOIC at exit. Coffey has served as an official member of the Forbes Business Council since 2021. Specialties include growth strategy, M&A, development, and exits. A pilot and proud US Army veteran, he and his family call Texas home. Connect with Jon Dwoskin: Twitter: @jdwoskin Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/jonathan.dwoskin Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/thejondwoskinexperience/ Website: https://jondwoskin.com/LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/jondwoskin/ Email: jon@jondwoskin.com Get Jon's Book: The Think Big Movement: Grow your business big. Very Big!   Connect with Adam Coffey:Website: https://adamecoffey.com/ X: https://x.com/AdamECoffey1 Linkedin: https://www.linkedin.com/in/adamecoffey/      *E - explicit language may be used in this podcast.

Check out the TIES Sales Showdown at www.tx.ag/TIES Visit The Sales Lab at https://thesaleslab.org and check out all our guests' recommended readings at https://thesaleslab.org/reading-list To listen to The Sales Lab Podcast on your favorite apps, visit https://thesaleslab.simplecast.com/ and select your preferred method of listening. Connect with us on Facebook at https://www.facebook.com/saleslabpodcast Connect with us on Linkedin at https://www.linkedin.com/company/thesaleslab Subscribe to The Sales Lab channel on YouTube at  https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCp703YWbD3-KO73NXUTBI-Q

In this episode of No Filter with Kobo, we spotlight Kobo's KLP-336-EU Mineral SPF Lip & Blush Butter Balm: a multifunctional formula designed to deliver color, comfort, and mineral sun protection in one smooth-glide balm.Elsie is joined by first-time co-host Spencer Schmidt andreturning guest Urmi Dhamnasker from Kobo UK to explore the formulation goals, ingredient selection, and technical innovations behind this SPF lip and cheek product.From transparent zinc oxide dispersions and film-formingtechnology to cushiony texture enhancers and subtle shimmer pigments, this episode breaks down how each component contributes to performance, stability, andconsumer appeal.Tune in to learn how this mineral-only SPF balm meets 2026trends in multifunctional beauty, combining protection, color, and nourishing comfort in a single, elegant formula.To learn more about the formula and Kobo ingredients in thismultifunctional balm, visit the links below:KLP-336-EU Mineral SPF Lip & Blush ButterBalm: https://www.koboproductsinc.com/formulations/KLP-336-EU.pdfCCC65GZSG: https://www.koboproductsinc.com/Downloads/Kobo-CCC65GZSG-Natural-ZNO-Dispersion.pdfKOBOGUARD® NATURAL 3000P: https://www.koboproductsinc.com/Downloads/Kobo-KoboguardNatural3000series.pdfSunBoost ATB: https://www.koboproductsinc.com/Downloads/Kobo-SunBoosters.pdfASGP Surface Treated Pigments: https://www.koboproductsinc.com/Downloads/Kobo-ASGPTreatment.pdfMicrospheres: https://www.koboproductsinc.com/Downloads/Kobo-Microspheres.pdfPlandool™-H: https://www.koboproductsinc.com/Downloads/Kobo-Plandool.pdf ABOUT US: Since 1987 Kobo has provided innovative, technology-basedraw materials to the cosmetic industry. The product range includes Surface Treated Pigments, Microspheres, Suncare and Color Dispersions, Silicone Fluids, Specialties, Natural Ingredients, Effect Pigments, Boron Nitride and DeliverySystems. Kobo has five locations, USA (Corporate Headquarters), France, Japan, Brazil, and UK and is represented globally by independent agents.Learn more at: ⁠https://www.koboproductsinc.com

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Curious about which specialties are the highest paying for Physician Associates? We're breaking down the top 5 highest-paying PA specialties and what each career is actually like day-to-day.✨ VIP Days are a total shortcut to your strongest, most competitive app. We'll hop on Zoom, and while you talk—we write. Yep, we meet 1:1 and write your entire personal statement

You might think that you can only benefit from connecting with advisors who focus on a similar client base or approach to service. In this episode, members of the MDRT Executive Committee explain why there can be plenty to gain from considering best practices from others, even if there are significant differences in your practice. You'll hear from: MDRT Past President Carol Kheng, ChFC MDRT President John F. Nichols, CLU, MSM Episode breakdown: 0:29 – Finding an overlap between your niche and someone else's 1:23 – Making sure your Cloud space can house all necessary client information 3:53 – Why it's useful to understand how other advisors handle client situations Listen to the monthly series, MDRT Presents: @mdrtpresents

In this episode of No Filter with Kobo, we proudly unveilKobo's 2026 Kolor Palette, a curated collection of six shades designed to celebrate color, creativity, and emotional connection in cosmetics.Gabby is joined by Nicole Young, Marketing Coordinator atKobo, to share the inspiration behind adopting a full palette approach and how it was developed through cross-industry research and global collaboration, with a strong emphasis on inclusivity, versatility, and emotional impact. Together, they explore the six shades: Royal Plum, Tranquil Teal, Fearless Fuchsia, Dusty Rose Romance, Gold Enlightenment, and Cloud White, and how each was thoughtfully selected to reflect authority, calm, bold self-expression, nostalgia, optimism, and purity.In the second half, Elsie takes the conversation from inspiration to execution, welcoming Maria Garcia Alvarez from Kobo's UK Applications Lab. Maria dives into the formulas that bring each shade to life, breaking down Kobo's pigment dispersions, pearl technologies, and effect pigments that transform color concepts into high-performance cosmetic applications.From curated color storytelling to the ingredients that makethese shades possible, this episode explores how Kobo's 2026 Kolor Palette translates emotion into formulation, empowering brands and formulators to create products that resonate, perform, and inspire.To explore the formulas behind each shade in Kobo's 2026Kolor Palette, visit the link: https://www.koboproductsinc.com/formulations/Kobo-2026-KolorPalette-Formulary.pdfStay connected and up to date with Kobo by following us onsocial media:Instagram (@koboproducts)LinkedInFacebookX ABOUT US: Since 1987 Kobo has provided innovative, technology-basedraw materials to the cosmetic industry. The product range includes Surface Treated Pigments, Microspheres, Suncare and Color Dispersions, Silicone Fluids, Specialties, Natural Ingredients, Effect Pigments, Boron Nitride and DeliverySystems. Kobo has five locations, USA (Corporate Headquarters), France, Japan, Brazil, and UK and is represented globally by independent agents.Learn more at: ⁠https://www.koboproductsinc.com

Fortress Iron, LP v. Digger Specialties, Inc.

Guest - Ross Dove CEO Heritage Global - $HGBLCompanyHeritage Global Inc.Website https://hginc.com/NASDAQ: HGBLBioRoss Dove is the Chief Executive Officer of Heritage Global Inc. (“HG”) and was appointed by the Board as a Class I director in May 2015. He began his career over forty years ago, joining his father and grandfather at a small proud family auction house in San Francisco. During his tenure, he pioneered countless advances and industry firsts, as the firm he joined eventually climbed to become the world's largest and most respected industrial asset and commercial property auction company. Mr. Dove's success has been widely chronicled in major publications, including Fortune, Forbes, the Wall Street Journal, Business Week, and the Economist, among many others. He was twice nominated for EY entrepreneur of the year and is a founding member of the Industrial Auctioneers Association ("IAA") and recipient of the Lifetime Achievement award.Company BioHeritage Global Inc. (NASDAQ: HGBL) a renowned asset-based market maker which delivers result-driven solutions to industrial & financial institutions by providing valuation, and lending services for distressed assets. This aids in facilitating the circular economy by diverting useful industrial assets from landfills and operating an ethical supply chain by overseeing post-sale account activity of financial assets. Specialties consist of acting as an adviser, in addition to acquiring or brokering turnkey manufacturing facilities, surplus industrial machinery and equipment, industrial inventories, real estate, account receivable portfolios, and intellectual property through its two business units: Industrial Assets and Financial Assets

THE RIPPLE EFFECT PODCAST:Website: http://TheRippleEffectPodcast.comSupport: https://rickyvarandas.com/support/IPAK-EDU (Empower Yourself Through Knowledge)Website: https://IPAK-EDU.org/ (use RIPPLE for 10% off)VN Alexander, PhD (aka Tori)Website: https://vnalexander.com/IG: https://www.instagram.com/rednaxelairot/AI & Transhumanism Essay: posthumousstyle.substack.comBio: Philosopher of science known for her work on Vladimir Nabokov's theory of insect mimicry evolution. She is a member of the Third Way of Evolution research group and currently works in the field of Biosemiotics.  She earned her Ph.D. in 2002 in English at the Graduate Center, City University New York and did her dissertation research in teleology, evolutionary theory, and self-organization at the Santa Fe Institute. She is a Rockefeller Foundation Residency alum, a former NY Council for the Humanities scholar, and a 2020 Fulbright scholar in Russia. Books include The Biologist's Mistress: Rethinking Self-Organization in Art, Literature and Nature and several literary fiction and political science novels.Xavier A. Figueroa, Ph.D (aka Dr. X)X: https://x.com/DrXFig0708Bio: The principal scientist for EMulate Therapeutics overseeing pre-clinical research and the application of EMulate Therapeutics technology in multiple disease areas. He has more than 20 years of experience in basic and neurological clinical research, including Alzheimer's research, neuron biology, cancer research, bioengineering and biophysics. Dr. Figeuroa received his doctoral degree in Neurobiology & Behavior from the University of Washington. His doctoral training was followed by two post-doctoral fellowships within the University of Washington's Department of Bioengineering. He is currently an affiliate assistant professor in the School of Medicine at the University of Washington. Specialties include, Molecular Biology, Toxicology, Apoptosis Signaling and Regulation, Neuroscience and Neurodegenerative Expertise.Dr. James Lyons-Weiler (aka Dr. Jack)Website: https://jameslyonsweiler.com/Substack: https://popularrationalism.substack.com/Earned his PhD in Ecology, Evolution, and Conservation Biology. He has held research positions at esteemed institutions, including the University of Nevada, Reno, and the University of Pittsburgh (Dept Pathology & Dept. of Biomedical Informatics). Dr. Lyons-Weiler has an extensive portfolio of peer-reviewed articles covering various scientific disciplines such as genetics, evolution, and public health. Notably, he has conducted research on the safety of aluminum adjuvants in vaccines, focusing on their dosing and potential health implications, especially in pediatric populations. His work on “pathogenic priming” and its potential relevance to COVID-19 has also been significant. Lyons-Weiler founded the Institute for Pure and Applied Knowledge (IPAK), a research organization. He also founded IPAK-EDU, an educational platform that has educated over 1,400 students in advanced courses across a wide variety of subjects. You can find more information about these courses on their official website.

The crew of the Little Snail has come to Spillaway Peaks in search of an ally: Thelonious, the editor-in-chief of the Shining Star newspaper and a member of the mysterious group called the Luminaries. But before they can go, meet Theo, and earn his trust, they first have to do a little shopping… This week on Perpetua: A Picture of the HIlls 02 Perpetua Guide [In Progress v.058] Town Maps [TNMP] Spillaway Peaks [SPMP] The Shell Barrow You know that big dome you can see at Spillaway Peaks from the world map? Yeah, this is it. This is where they do their "Weekly Rehearsal," which is like Church Sunday for them. Depending on how things go, you can visit this place at the end of the arc and get a buff.  The Clutch This is where Terrapine kids grow up and go to school. You can get a pretty good Jonathan scene if you go here, but that's about it for now. The Docks and Administrative District There's not much here, except a way to get back on the Ferry and head back to Calstega Bay Jonathan's Family Home This is the only of the Clan Homes you can actually enter, but it's pretty big! It's four or five levels high (depending on how you count) and there are a ton of rooms to explore, random NPCs to talk to, and some loot too! If you do a side quest for Jonathan's dad, he can build you some gear in his workshop! The Shining Star The town newspaper. If you're ready to advance the main plot, head up to the second floor of the Shining Star. You'll automatically run into Theolonius (and Jonathan's sister is working there as an intern or something, too). But if you aren't ready yet, you can stay downstairs and use the quest board to grind out some XP and asta! Shopping District The highest level of the Spillaway City map (not counting the Spillaway Outskirts, but there you have to load out to the world map before getting there, so I don't count it!) There are three main shops here. A general store, which basically just lets you recover IP and get basic items, and then Abelene's Armory and Stokely's Specialties. Abelene's Armory Armor: Reinforced Mud Suit 300 asta | 11 Phys Def / INS size +1 Mdef | -5 Init | Earth Resistant  Armor: Meditation Robe 1000 asta | Def: DEX die +1 / MDEF: INS die +2 |-2 Init Whenever you recover Mind Points, you recover 5 extra Mind Points. Armor: Choir Robe 1000 asta |  Def: DEX size +1 / Mdef: INS size +2 |-2 Init Counts as 1 bonus SL of "Sound Barrier": After you sing a verse with medium or high volume, all physical damage you suffer until the start of your next turn is reduced by【SL】(applied before Affinities). Shield: Eyecatching Cape 800 z | +2 Def /+0 Mdef As long as you don't have a martial armor or another shield equipped, you may apply the effects of the Dodge Skill (see Core Rulebook, page 203).  Shield: Seasoned Potlid 1500 asta | Martial |+2 Def /+2 MDef  When you deal damage with a delicacy (see page 151), you deal 5 extra damage. Shield: Plated Tambourine 1700 asta | +2 Def / +0 Mdef If you have the Resonance Skill , consider your Skill Level in it increased by 2 (up to a maximum of SL 5). Weapon: Giant Fork 1000 asta | DEX + MIG | HR + 16 | Martial | Physical Damage | Spear | Two-handed | Melee |  When you use this weapon with the Knife and Fork Skill, you may add the High Roll to the attack's damage  (you don't have to treat it as being equal to 0). Weapon: Electrified Flyswatter 1300 asta | MIG + DEX | HR+10 | Bolt Damage | One-handed | Melee You may attack Flying creatures, but you take -3 to the roll. Stokely's Specialties Accessory: Ring of the Occultist - 600 asta Spells you cast with a target of "Up to three creatures" instead have a target  of "Up to four creatures" (you must still spend additional Mind Points for the fourth target). Accessory: Spare Magicannon Chamber - 800 When you summon a Magicannon, you also receive an extra Elemental Chamber, matching the previous elemental type you stored.  Accessory: Ring of Denial 600 asta When you cast the Dispel spell (Core Rulebook, page 192), its MP cost becomes "10 × T" and its target becomes "Up to three creatures". Accessory: Lightcatcher Cage - 800 asta You are Resistant to bolt and light damage. If you enter Crisis, the effect of this accessory ceases until your next rest. Accessory: Ancient Pocketwatch - 600 Asta When using the Entropist skill Stolen Time, you may use any of its options one additional time per skill use (paying requisite MP cost as normal). Hosted by Austin Walker (austinwalker.bsky.social) Featuring Ali Acampora (ali-online.bsky.social), Art Martinez-Tebbel (amtebbel.bsky.social), Jack de Quidt (notquitereal.bsky.social), and Andrew Lee Swan (swandre3000.bsky.social) Produced by Ali Acampora Music by Jack de Quidt (available on bandcamp) Cover Art by Ben McEntee (https://linktr.ee/benmce.art) With thanks to Amelia Renee, Arthur B., Aster Maragos, Bill Kaszubski, Cassie Jones, Clark, DB, Daniel Laloggia, Diana Crowley, Edwin Adelsberger, Emrys, Greg Cobb, Ian O'Dea, Ian Urbina, Irina A., Jack Shirai, Jake Strang, Katie Diekhaus, Ken George, Konisforce, Kristina Harris Esq, L Tantivy, Lawson Coleman, Mark Conner, Mike & Ruby, Muna A, Nat Knight, Olive Perry, Quinn Pollock, Robert Lasica, Shawn Drape, Shawn Hall, Summer Rose, TeganEden, Thomas Whitney, Voi, chocoube, deepFlaw, fen, & weakmint This episode was made with support from listeners like you! To support us, you can go to friendsatthetable.cash.  

The Global Risks Report, the World Economic Forum's annual snapshot of the biggest risks facing the world in the near, medium and long terms, shows geopolitical and economic risks on the rise in the new 'age of competition'.   The report is published just days before the Forum's Annual Meeting and is a good indicator of what the 3,000 leaders convening in Davos, Switzerland will be talking about. Gayle Markovitz is joined by a co-host, Forum Managing Director Saadia Zahidi, and two expert guests, Peter Giger, Group Chief Risk Officer at Zurich Insurance, and Andrew George, Global President of Specialties at Marsh. The Global Risks Report, available here, was compiled by Mark Elsner and Grace Atkinson of the Forum's Global Risks Initiative. Catch up on all the action from the Annual Meeting at wef.ch/wef26 and across social media using the hashtag #WEF26. And follow Radio Davos wherever you get podcasts to get our daily morning shows every day of the Davos week, starting Monday, 19 January. Links: Global Risks Report 2026: https://wef.ch/risks26 Global Risks Initiative: https://initiatives.weforum.org/global-risks/home Peter Giger's blog "Critical infrastructure is at critical risk: It's time to treat it as such": https://www.weforum.org/stories/2024/12/business-executives-most-worried-about-risks/  Andrew George's blog: How can businesses navigate technology risks and opportunities in a competitive age?: https://www.weforum.org/stories/2026/01/businesses-navigate-technology-risks-global-risks-2026-mars…  Marl Elsner's blog: These are the top 10 risks in 2026:  Geoeconomic confrontation ranks highest in 'age of competition': https://www.weforum.org/stories/2026/01/global-risks-2026-top-10-two-and-ten-year-horizon/  Grace Atkinson's blog: Global risks in 2026 and over the past 5 years: What's changed and what hasn't?: https://www.weforum.org/stories/2026/01/global-risks-over-the-past-5-years-what-s-changed-and-what-…  Related podcasts: Cybersecurity Outlook 2026: the view from Interpol and the threat to 'OT': https://www.weforum.org/podcasts/radio-davos/episodes/global-cybersecurity-outlook-2026-interpol-dragos/ Global Risks Report: the big issues facing the world at Davos 2025:  https://www.weforum.org/podcasts/radio-davos/episodes/global-risks-report-2025/ Making sense of geopolitics in 2025: https://www.weforum.org/podcasts/radio-davos/episodes/war-peace-geopolitics/ Superpower rivalry and geopolitics in Trump 2.0: https://www.weforum.org/podcasts/radio-davos/episodes/geopolitics-lynn-kuok-the-national/ We have entered the age of "persistent disruption" - Visa's Wayne Best on the Chief Economists Outlook: https://www.weforum.org/podcasts/radio-davos/episodes/chief-economists-outlook-visa-wayne-best/ Check out all our podcasts on wef.ch/podcasts:  YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/@wef Radio Davos - subscribe: https://pod.link/1504682164 Meet the Leader - subscribe: https://pod.link/1534915560 Agenda Dialogues - subscribe: https://pod.link/1574956552

Do you want to get into Medical Device Sales?? If so → https://www.newtomedicaldevicesales.com/youtube-podIf you're new to my channel, my name is Jacob McLaughlin. I'm the founder of New to Medical Device Sales, an exclusive training program designed to help people break into the competitive field of medical device sales. Our average person lands a six-figure role in just 9.5 weeks, earning $113,760 annually. With thousands of success stories from candidates with all kinds of backgrounds, our program equips you with the tools to succeed in this industry.4 years ago I moved out to Arizona not knowing anyone and had $1200 to my name.I came to this exact spot to journal and share how excited I was to be starting my journey in life.Last night I took time to reflect over the past 4 years. It's truly amazing how you can change your life in such a small amount of time.My take aways:1. Go after your dream because even if it doesn't workout like you thought it would, it will bring your right where you're suppose to be.2. Believe in yourself. Nobody is going to believe in you as much as you will, know that good things will happen.3. Change is inevitable. Change is going to happen so you can either accept it and keep moving forward or not.Please bet on yourself and go after your dreams because your life can be better than you ever thought it could be if you do

In this episode of Loral's Real Money Talks, Loral explores the powerful connection between mental health and wealth with Nikki, clinical director and founder of Mind People in Ontario, Canada.Nikki brings decades of experience in psychoanalytic psychotherapy, cognitive behavioral therapy, and trauma-informed care to explain why mental health and wealth cannot be separated, especially for entrepreneurs, high performers, and legacy builders.This conversation bridges psychology and money in a way most financial podcasts never do. If you're building businesses, chasing growth, or creating generational impact, understanding mental health and wealth as a unified system is essential.Be sure to grab Nikki's Ultimate Mental Health ToolboxLoral's Takeaways:Nikki's Background and Specialties (01:26)The Importance of Self-Regulation and Mental Health (05:02)Building Self-Confidence and Overcoming Fear (06:31)Practical Steps for Self-Improvement and Mental Health (18:13)Challenges Faced by Entrepreneurs and Strategies for Success (18:30)The Role of Evidence and Confidence in Achieving Goals (20:01)Meet Nikki:Nikki is the Clinical Director & Founder of The Mind People. She works with adults 16+ who struggle with trauma(s), personality disorders, and/or eating disorders. She has extensive training in psychoanalytic psychotherapy, cognitive behavioural therapy, dialectical behavioural therapy & humanistic therapy.Nikki believes in taking a psychoanalytic approach to treatment as it addresses the underlying root causes which manifest as real world issues in a person's daily life.She is one of only a small number of clinicians in Canada that specializes in treating eating disorders with focus on a psychoanalytic treatment approachMeet Loral Langemeier:Loral Langemeier is a money expert, sought-after speaker, entrepreneurial thought leader, and best-selling author of five books.Her goal: to change the conversations people have about money worldwide and empower people to become millionaires.The CEO and Founder of Live Out Loud, Inc. – a multinational organization — Loral...

This episode, recorded live at the Becker's 13th Annual CEO + CFO Roundtable, features Dennis Disch, MD, MMM, FACC Vice President, Hospital-Based Specialties, Advocate Health, as he discusses fostering collaboration across hospital-based physician leaders and operational teams. He shares growth priorities including tackling ED boarding, improving engagement, and driving operational efficiency across Advocate Health's hospitals.

In this special end-of-year episode, we're closing out 2025 by celebrating a major milestone: Kobo's EcoVadis Gold Sustainability Rating, placing the company among the top 2% of organizations globally.Gabby is joined by Luna Fascina, CSR & Technical ServiceManager at Kobo, to unpack what corporate social responsibility really means, why EcoVadis is such a critical benchmark, and how Kobo's sustainability journey has evolved since first reporting in 2014. Luna shares the behind-the-scenes work that led to Kobo's highest score to date—from aligning global teams and improving documentation to strengthening supplier engagement and launching Kobo's first CSR report. The conversation also explores the four EcoVadis themes, the growing focus on carbon footprint and Scope 3 emissions, and Kobo's goals for continued progress in 2026.Later in the episode, Elsie shifts the focus to formulation,diving into the science behind KHP-068 Scalp and Hair Serum with Nyalah Abasali, US Application Chemist at Kobo. Together, they explore the inspiration behind the formula, the skinification of haircare, and how key ingredients like Lusplan™ SR-DM4, KOBOGUARD® NATURAL 3000-CO55, and SunBoost ATB Natural work in harmony to deliver lightweight gloss, scalp comfort, and long-lastingperformance. From sustainability strategy to ingredient-level performance,this episode offers a full-spectrum look at how Kobo is advancing responsible beauty.Join us January 7th at 11:00 AM EST for Kobo'sRegulatory Webinar, where we will discuss regional updates, “green cosmetics”, and a more in-depth look into the importance of CSR. Register now by using this link: https://attendee.gotowebinar.com/register/6972535846872056149  ABOUT US: Since 1987 Kobo has provided innovative, technology-basedraw materials to the cosmetic industry. The product range includes Surface Treated Pigments, Microspheres, Suncare and Color Dispersions, Silicone Fluids, Specialties, Natural Ingredients, Effect Pigments, Boron Nitride and DeliverySystems. Kobo has five locations, USA (Corporate Headquarters), France, Japan, Brazil, and UK and is represented globally by independent agents.Learn more at: ⁠https://www.koboproductsinc.com

In this episode, Nathan A. Merriman, MD, MSCE, Interim Senior Medical Director of Surgical Specialties for the Digestive Health Clinical Program at Intermountain Medical Center, discusses how a patient-centered, team-based approach can improve access to care while enhancing the overall human experience. He shares insights on driving operational efficiency across surgical services and aligning clinical teams to deliver high-quality, coordinated care that meets patients where they are.

In this episode, Nathan A. Merriman, MD, MSCE, Interim Senior Medical Director of Surgical Specialties for the Digestive Health Clinical Program at Intermountain Medical Center, discusses how a patient-centered, team-based approach can improve access to care while enhancing the overall human experience. He shares insights on driving operational efficiency across surgical services and aligning clinical teams to deliver high-quality, coordinated care that meets patients where they are.

In this episode, Nathan A. Merriman, MD, MSCE, Interim Senior Medical Director of Surgical Specialties for the Digestive Health Clinical Program at Intermountain Medical Center, discusses how a patient-centered, team-based approach can improve access to care while enhancing the overall human experience. He shares insights on driving operational efficiency across surgical services and aligning clinical teams to deliver high-quality, coordinated care that meets patients where they are.

Send us a textNamaskar,This is a reading of the book: Proutist Economics (a compilation) PROUT's economic system is built around one simple principle: increase the purchasing capacity of the common people. It guarantees everyone's basic needs—food, housing, healthcare, education—while encouraging higher productivity through fair incentives, not forced equality. PROUT emphasizes cooperatives as the backbone of the economy to prevent exploitation, eliminate middlemen, and keep wealth local. It supports decentralized, region-based planning, so communities control their own development based on local resources and needs. Industry is balanced between public, cooperative, and private sectors, with full employment maintained through reduced working hours as technology advances. Trade, banking, and distribution of essentials are run through cooperatives, not profiteers. Overall, PROUT offers a humane, decentralized alternative to both capitalism and centralized socialism—focused on dignity, sustainability, and collective well-being. Support the show

CME credits: 1.00 Valid until: 15-12-2026 Claim your CME credit at https://reachmd.com/programs/cme/all-sides-of-the-joint-integrated-tgct-care-across-specialties/48912/ This online CME activity addresses interdisciplinary strategies for improving outcomes in patients with tenosynovial giant cell tumor (TGCT). Faculty review the disease spectrum, including diffuse and localized subtypes, and highlight clinical features that warrant early referral to specialists. The program examines evidence from clinical trials of CSF1R inhibitors, with a focus on functional endpoints and patient-reported outcomes that capture the real-world impact of therapy on mobility, pain, and quality of life. Participants will learn how to apply trial findings to select appropriate treatment approaches tailored to disease burden and functional impairment. The session also emphasizes proactive management of adverse events associated with systemic therapy, including monitoring, early intervention, and supportive care strategies to maintain safety and adherence.

The 2025 NVP Product Expo, hosted by Drag Specialties (in partnership with Parts Unlimited), took place at the Baird Center in Milwaukee on September 6–7. This marked the second straight year the event was held in Milwaukee after relocating from Madison, reflecting continued growth and a need for larger exhibition space. SUPPORT US AND SHOP IN THE OFFICIAL LAW ABIDING BIKER STORE The NVP isn't just a trade show — it functions as a showcase of the latest aftermarket products and accessories for powersports enthusiasts and dealers. Attendees got a first look at new offerings from some of the biggest names in the industry, with the expo floor doubling as a hands-on venue for vendor–dealer interaction, product demonstrations, and dealer-training sessions CHECK OUT OUR HUNDREDS OF FREE HELPFUL VIDEOS ON OUR YOUTUBE CHANNEL AND SUBSCRIBE! Beyond business, the 2025 NVP also emphasized community and culture. The schedule included a bike show — featuring builds across vintage, metric and V-twin classes — a meet-and-greet with key industry figures, and additional perks like show discounts, dealer incentives, Sunday giveaways, and a "bagger bike build-off." All told, the NVP delivered value, excitement, and connection for dealers and enthusiasts alike. NEW FREE VIDEO RELEASED: Don't Be THAT Rider: T-Shirts vs. Hot Weather Riding Jackets! The TRUTH! Alpinestars Troop Air Hot Weather Riding Jacket Sponsor-Ciro 3D CLICK HERE! Innovative products for Harley-Davidson & Goldwing Affordable chrome, lighting, and comfort products Ciro 3D has a passion for design and innovation Sponsor-Butt Buffer CLICK HERE Want to ride longer? Tired of a sore and achy ass? Then fix it with a high-quality Butt Buffer seat cushion? If you appreciate the content we put out and want to make sure it keeps on coming your way then become a Patron too! There are benefits and there is no risk. Thanks to the following bikers for supporting us via a flat donation: Paul Bartley of Sharpsburg Georgia Bryan Rogers of Cape Coral, Florida Randy Moore of Fair Lawn, New Jersey HELP SUPPORT US! JOIN THE BIKER REVOLUTION! #BikerRevolution #LawAbidingBiker #Bikaholics #RyanUrlacher

Dr. Gregory T. Obert is a clinical psychologist and the founder and CEO of the Royal Oasis Psychotherapy Institute, a premier telehealth practice delivering elite, discreet, evidence-based psychotherapy. He brings over 15 years of experience helping thousands navigate anxiety, depression, trauma, and life transitions. He specializes in veterans' issues, PTSD treatment, and fostering resilience through personalized, holistic care. Additionally, he is the author of The Man on the Bench, a novel about hope amid loss, and the host of the podcast Meditations by Gregory T. Obert, featuring guided meditations for wellness.In today's episode of Smashing the Plateau, you will learn how to move from structure to self-direction—reframing fear, narrowing your focus, pricing with confidence, and using real community to shorten your path to traction.Gregory and I discuss:Why Gregory chose to start his own practice [05:18]Why many keep private practice as a side gig—and the bigger opportunity [05:46]The two biggest barriers: fear of variable income and insurance constraints [07:20]Referrals, pipelines, and the internal conflict about charging [10:47]A simple first step to strengthen your pricing mindset [13:44]The hidden knowledge gap: marketing, visibility, and “putting yourself out there” [15:12]Differentiation through a few clear specialties (and why it works) [17:50]Community as a necessity: one hour > months of Googling [20:04]Learn more about Gregory and receive premium psychotherapy at www.royaloasispi.com.Follow him on social media:Website:https://gregorytobert.com/ Locals: https://drgregorytobert.locals.com/ Twitch: https://www.twitch.tv/drgobert Tiktok: https://www.tiktok.com/@docgobert LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/gregorytobert YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/@DrGOBERT Libsyn: https://meditationsbygto.libsyn.com/ Apple Podcasts: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/meditations-by-gregory-t-obert/id1168490615Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/show/0esz5sbFAeAmJzPp5NJbz9Thank you to our sponsor:The Smashing the Plateau Community______________________________________________________________About Smashing the PlateauSmashing the Plateau shares stories and strategies from corporate refugees: mid-career professionals who've left corporate life to build something of their own.Each episode features a candid conversation with someone who has walked this path or supports those who do. Guests offer real strategies to help you build a sustainable, fulfilling business on your terms, with practical insights on positioning, growth, marketing,...

Originally aired on December 6, 2025. Doug's insightful interview with Mitchell Holder, for your listening pleasure.

In this episode of No Filter with Kobo, Gabby dives into Kobo's 2026 Global Self Expressions, a forward-looking exploration of how consumers around the world are redefining beauty through emotion, texture, and innovation. She's joined by Marie Hansell, Technical Marketing and Account Manager at Kobo Products, who breaks down why the conversation has shifted beyond trends into authentic self expressions, where beauty becomes personal, sensory, and deeply connected to wellbeing and identity.Marie walks us through the five key expressions shaping2026: All the Feels, Waterless Wave, Barrier First, Geo-Responsive, and Lessentials, exploring how each reflects evolving consumer values around sensorial experience, sustainability, environmental adaptation, and minimalistroutines. She also highlights the formulations that bring these expressions to life and a behind-the-scenes look at the trend development process, offering insight into how cultural shifts, ingredient innovation, and artistic experimentation inspire future-facing product creation.Whether you're a formulation chemist, brand strategist, orbeauty lover fascinated by where the industry is headed, this episode uncovers how science, emotion, and self-expression will shape beauty in 2026 and beyond.Want to learn more about Kobo's 2026 Self Expression?Request a recording of the 2026 Global Self Expressions Webinar by clicking this link: https://forms.office.com/Pages/ResponsePage.aspx?id=0g_VwXVtw0enrQnXWGJAhVipw50oG3lMoQj9mzweNghUMU1JNDNQVERGSkpKSE83TkZGWExYQktJNS4u  ABOUT US: Since 1987 Kobo has provided innovative, technology-basedraw materials to the cosmetic industry. The product range includes Surface Treated Pigments, Microspheres, Suncare and Color Dispersions, Silicone Fluids, Specialties, Natural Ingredients, Effect Pigments, Boron Nitride and Delivery Systems. Kobo has five locations, USA (Corporate Headquarters), France, Japan, Brazil, and UK and is represented globally by independent agents.Learn more at: ⁠https://www.koboproductsinc.com

Originally aired on November 23, 2025. Doug's insigtful interview with Mitchell Holder, for your listening pleasure.

If you've only ever thought of Swiss cuisine as chocolate and cheese, you will be surprised because there's a lot more to taste across Switzerland and much of it is hidden in plain sight.In this episode, I'm joined by Swiss-Canadian pastry chef and cookbook author Andie Pilot to take you on a culinary journey through the country's regional specialties. You'll hear about hearty alpine meals like Älplermagronen, Rösti, and Capuns, along with classic dishes like Züri Gschnätzlets and Cervelat sausage.Andie shares what to try in different parts of the country, including her favorite Lucerne food and must-eats in Zurich. You'll also learn the difference between Swiss Raclette and Swiss Fondue, and why you should try both.For those with a sweet tooth, Andie highlights some beloved Swiss desserts and Swiss pastries like Barli-Biber, Schaffhauserzungen, and the colorful Luxemburgerli.If you want to eat like a local and discover the full flavor of Swiss food culture, this episode will help you find the best bites whether you're visiting a mountain hut, restaurant or a village bakery.Safe travels,Carolyn

On today's show, we learn that roughly 70% of teachers in Arkansas are using artificial intelligence to prepare their work. We also hear a conversation with this year's Scholars at Risk speaker at the University of Arkansas about defending international human rights. Plus, local music news for your area.

Is an MBA a waste of time for doctors or the key to better revenue cycle management (RCM)? In this episode of the BackTable Podcast, host Dr. Aaron Fritts sits down with Dr. Heather Signorelli, a healthcare executive, physician entrepreneur, and founder of NatRevMD to provide a crash course overview of healthcare RCM and tips for the physician that's looking to improve the financial health of their practice. --- SYNPOSIS Heather shares her journey from medical residency to establishing herself as an expert in the business aspects of healthcare. They discuss the importance of embracing failure, the perils and rewards of entrepreneurship, and the challenges of starting a business while balancing a full-time job. The episode offers valuable insights into the educational gaps in medical training concerning business operations and financial literacy, emphasizing the need for more thorough training in these areas. Heather also highlights her podcast, NatRevMD, as a resource for physicians aiming to enhance their knowledge of RCM and business management in medical practices. --- TIMESTAMPS 00:00 - Introduction02:49 - Consulting and Early Career Experiences09:01 - Educating Physicians on RCM14:52 - Clientele and Specialties in RCM20:37 - The Power of Podcasting for Marketing24:45 - Physician Education and Business Literacy29:37 - Balancing Autonomy and Employment34:34 - Final Thoughts and Resources --- RESOURCES NatRevMD Podcasthttps://natrevmd.com/podcast-2/

In this episode of the DIGA Podcast, we are joined by Dr. Olivia Perez, who recently matched into a dermatology residency after beginning her training in family medicine. Dr. Perez shares her compelling journey of realizing her true passion for dermatology during her intern year and the steps she took to successfully make the switch.She offers an honest look at what it's like to pivot specialties, how she navigated the logistics of reapplying, and the importance of staying true to your interests, even if it means taking an unconventional path. If you've ever questioned your specialty choice or wondered what it takes to change course, this episode is for you. We hope you enjoy!Connect with Dr. PerezInstagram: @drliv.mdTikTok: @drliv.mdSubstack: drliv.substack.comEmail: doctorliv.md@gmail.com---DIGA Instagram: @⁠⁠⁠derminterest⁠⁠⁠Today's Host, Austin: @⁠⁠⁠austin_black⁠⁠---For questions, comments, or future episode suggestions, please reach out to us via email at ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠derminterestpod@gmail.com⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠---Music: "District Four" Kevin MacLeod (⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠incompetech.com⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠) Licensed under Creative Commons:By Attribution 4.0 License:⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠ http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

https://www.FutureOfRisk.com/Just as learning to read once unlocked access to knowledge, opportunity and participation in society, AI literacy is rapidly becoming a baseline skill for the modern workplace. In this episode of Zurich North America's Future of Risk podcast, host Justin Hicks explores how understanding and using AI is fast evolving from a niche capability to a core professional competency.Jay Bell, Head of Innovation for Specialties and Head of Operations for Construction at Zurich, and Mark Breading, Senior Partner at ReSource Pro, share how AI is reshaping their daily work—from turning flip chart photos into meeting summaries in seconds to using AI-powered conversations to brainstorm complex ideas during a commute in the car. They argue that AI is not just a tool—it's a collaborator, a co-creator and a force multiplier.Whether you're just starting your AI journey or looking to deepen your expertise, this episode offers practical, real-world examples of how AI literacy can elevate your impact, improve communication, and unlock new levels of productivity.Record date: 9/26/25Air date: 11/5/25In this miniseries, other episodes include:10/22/25: What is AI delivering so far11/19/25: Dark side of AI12/3/25: What's next in AI?

In this episode of No Filter with Kobo, Gabby dives into the colorful world of eye makeup, from lashes to lids and brows. She's joined by Maria Alvarez, Chemist from Kobo's European Applications Lab, who breaks down the key ingredients and formulation strategies that bring eye products to life. From long-wear performance powered by film formers to the volumizing magic of silica and fibers, this episode shares insights into how chemists balance innovation, texture, and wearability across mascaras, eyeliners, eyeshadows, and brow products.Later, Elsie chats with Urmi Dhamnaskar, Chemist from Kobo'sUK Application Lab, about KMA-113C-EU Electric Blue Lash Building Mascara, a bold, trend-forward formula that delivers high-impact color, volume, and curl while remaining microplastic-free. Urmi reveals the science behind its vibrantultramarine shade, lash-building fibers, and stable oil-in-water system, proving that sustainability and performance can go hand in hand.Whether you're formulating the next standout mascara orsimply fascinated by the chemistry behind expressive eye looks, this episode explores how color, texture, and emotion intersect in modern makeup innovation.To learn more about KMA-113C-EU, visit this link: https://www.koboproductsinc.com/formulations/KMA-113C-EU.pdfInterested in learning about Kobo's Global Self Expressionsfor 2026? Request the webinar recording by vising this link: https://forms.office.com/Pages/ResponsePage.aspx?id=0g_VwXVtw0enrQnXWGJAhVipw50oG3lMoQj9mzweNghUMU1JNDNQVERGSkpKSE83TkZGWExYQktJNS4u  ABOUT US: Since 1987 Kobo has provided innovative, technology-basedraw materials to the cosmetic industry. The product range includes Surface Treated Pigments, Microspheres, Suncare and Color Dispersions, Silicone Fluids, Specialties, Natural Ingredients, Effect Pigments, Boron Nitride and DeliverySystems. Kobo has five locations, USA (Corporate Headquarters), France, Japan, Brazil, and UK and is represented globally by independent agents.Learn more at: ⁠https://www.koboproductsinc.com

As our understanding of pain physiology evolves, neuromodulation continues to offer new treatment possibilities in MSK pain management. In this episode of the BackTable MSK, host Jacob Fleming discusses the evolving world of neuromodulation with Dr. Timothy Deer, a leading expert in the field. Dr. Deer shares insights from his extensive career and his innovative contributions in neuromodulation.---This podcast is supported by:Medtronic Osteocoolhttps://www.medtronic.com/en-us/healthcare-professionals/products/surgical-energy/ablation/radiofrequency-ablation/systems/osteocool-2-0-bone-tumor-ablation-system.html---SYNPOSISThe conversation covers the development of spinal cord and dorsal root ganglion (DRG) stimulation, the significance of patient selection and challenges facing neuromodulation therapies, and exciting developments in the field, including AI. Dr. Deer and Dr. Fleming also discuss the importance of advanced training and the pioneering work by the American Society of Pain and Neuroscience (ASPN) to improve procedural education through its innovative MIS Certification Program.---TIMESTAMPS00:00 - Introduction02:52 - What is Neuromodulation?06:03 - Evolution of Neuromodulation08:49 - Use of Closed Loop and AI 13:58 - DRG Stimulation Explained19:58 - Progression of Peripheral Nerve Stimulation26:26 - Handheld Navigation and Reducing Radiation Exposure 30:18 - The Umbrella of Specialties within ASPN35:15 - Obtaining MIS Certification and Fellowship Program Outlook44:07 - Future Directions of Neuromodulation48:09 - Concluding Thoughts---RESOURCESDr. Timothy Deer, MDhttps://centerforpainrelief.com/doctor-timothy-deer/ American Society of Pain and Neuroscience (ASPN)https://aspnpain.com/

This week I'm joined by brother Ric Galindo of Ric's BBQ & Specialties on YouTube. Its been a while since Ric was on and this time he brought friends Ben and Mike. The boys join me from BBQ Outfitters. We chop it up and had a great time. https://www.youtube.com/@RicsBBQSpecialties https://www.youtube.com/@SmokeyBoysBBQ

In this episode of No Filter with Kobo, Elsie explores thescience of face makeup—from foundation to blush and everything in between. She's joined by Nick Quinteros, Senior Chemist from Kobo's US Applications Lab, who breaks down what makes a standout face product, including tips forbalancing texture, coverage, and comfort, plus how evolving consumer expectations are influencing ingredient choices, multifunctionality, and inclusive shade ranges.Later, Elsie chats with Urmi Dhamnaskar, Chemist from Kobo's UK Applications Lab about KBL-045-EU Squishy Putty Blush, the Formula of the Month inspired by playful textures and soft-focus finishes. Urmi shares the ingredient strategies that give this blush its bouncy, sensorial texture and blur effect—all while maintaining color payoff and batch consistency.Whether you're a cosmetic chemist or just fascinated by facemakeup innovation, this episode unpacks the formulation decisions that shape skin feel, performance, and creativity across face products.To learn more about KBL-045-EU Squishy Putty Blush, checkout the link below:https://www.koboproductsinc.com/formulations/KBL-045-EU.pdfPrefer to tune in on YouTube? Visit No Filter with Kobo onYouTube now: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLmdzjWT5sg37duFECVplihSJNEs58UcGS  ABOUT US: Since 1987 Kobo has provided innovative, technology-basedraw materials to the cosmetic industry. The product range includes Surface Treated Pigments, Microspheres, Suncare and Color Dispersions, Silicone Fluids, Specialties, Natural Ingredients, Effect Pigments, Boron Nitride and DeliverySystems. Kobo has five locations, USA (Corporate Headquarters), France, Japan, Brazil, and UK and is represented globally by independent agents.Learn more at: ⁠https://www.koboproductsinc.com

In this episode of No Filter with Kobo, Gabby dives into one of the most iconic makeup categories—lipsticks—and explores the science behind achieving color, texture, and innovation. From high-pigment classic sticks to ultra-glossy vinyl finishes, she's joined by Carl Orr, veteran formulator and consultant at Kobo Products, who shares deep insights into what it takes to create standout lip products, including ingredient choices, mold differences, and techniques for achieving vibrant, high-performance color.Later, the conversation shifts to KLP-298-EU Powder Sensation Liquid Lip Color, a plastic-free cream-to-powder formula developed to match the performance of traditional microplastic-containing lipsticks. Elsie is joined by Urmi Dhamnaskar, a formulator at Kobo's UK lab, who breaks down the multifunctional powders and ingredient technologies that create a weightless feel and soft-focus finish while staying aligned with clean beauty and regulatory goals.Whether you're a formulator, brand developer, or simplycurious about what makes a great lipstick, this episode of The Lipstick Lab reveals how science, sustainability, and creativity come together on the lips.To learn more about the Powder Sensation Liquid Lip Color formula, visit the link: https://www.koboproductsinc.com/formulations/KLP-298-EU.pdf No Filter with Kobo is also now available to watch on YouTube! Be sure to check it out: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCHSNMsGMgAgT_nVKLZalTMw  ABOUT US: Since 1987 Kobo has provided innovative, technology-basedraw materials to the cosmetic industry. The product range includes Surface Treated Pigments, Microspheres, Suncare and Color Dispersions, Silicone Fluids, Specialties, Natural Ingredients, Effect Pigments, Boron Nitride and Delivery Systems. Kobo has five locations, USA (Corporate Headquarters), France, Japan, Brazil, and UK and is represented globally by independent agents.Learn more at: ⁠https://www.koboproductsinc.com

Wound care is one of those paths that many physicians overlook—until they discover how meaningful, hands-on, and flexible it can be. In this conversation with board‑certified general surgeon, Dr. Scott Covington, we pull back the curtain on what wound care really looks like day to day, the many ways physicians can enter the field, and why it can be a great fit at different stages of your career. From outpatient centers to post‑acute facilities and even hyperbarics, you'll hear how physicians across a wide range of backgrounds find challenge, purpose, and balance in this niche. You can find the show notes for this episode and more information by clicking here: www.doctorscrossing.com/episode227 In this episode we're talking about: Why wound care is open to many specialties and has a low barrier to entry. What wound care roles actually look like in daily practice The different settings where physicians can work The kind of training needed to get started, including typical course requirements How compensation is structured and what physicians can expect to earn Which types of physicians tend to thrive in wound care Additional insights and considerations for exploring this career path   Links for this episode:

Are you struggling to find the right specialty as a new nurse practitioner? You're not alone. In today's episode, I sit down with my friend Kennedy to discuss her journey through multiple NP specialties – from endocrinology to telehealth and now transplant nephrology and aesthetics.   Kennedy offers valuable insights about transitioning between specialties and managing the isolation of telehealth work. We also discuss specific strategies for succeeding in specialty roles and finding good work-life balance. Tune in to hear how Kennedy's experiences can guide you through the process of exploring different NP specialties and making informed decisions about your career path.   Get full show notes, transcript, and more information here: https://blog.npreviews.com/multiple-np-specialties-kennedy/  

In this episode I am joined by Alex W, long term practitioner of Zen, Pragmatic Dharma, and Western Occultism. Alex describes his journey from elite upbringing in Geneva; through NeoPlatonism, Zen practice, and magick; to advanced states of spiritual attainment and insight. Alex tells stories of his discipleships under pragmatic dharma teacher Kenneth Folk and renowned occultist Alan Chapman and details the lead up to, and attainment and after effects of his own experience of enlightenment. Alex recounts his successful operation of the Abramelin Ritual, a powerful kundalini awakening, and his ongoing encounters with spiritual beings such as Kālī Mā and Hecate. … https://www.guruviking.com/podcast/ep316-dharma-the-goddess-alex-w Also available on Youtube, iTunes, & Spotify – search ‘Guru Viking Podcast'. … Topics include: 00:00 - Intro 00:55 - Elite upbringing in Geneva 03:50 - Religious experiences in America 05:39 - Major surgery and turn towards spirituality 08:05 - Immersion in a Hindu religious group 10:25 - First spiritual experiences and power places 12:07 - Interest in philosophy and the Kyoto School 13:05 - Law school and studying mediaeval philosophy 15:52 - Entering Zen Buddhist practice with Deshimaru Taisen 18:14 - Finding a real Zen master & understanding Zen in Japan 21:55 - Observations about Japanese religiosity 24:09 - 1996 financial crisis and internship in law firm 24:58 - Connecting with advanced practitioners online 26:53 - Interest in Chan Buddhism 30:08 - Japan vs Chinese and Korean monasticism 32:15 - Plateau after 15 years of Zen 33:01 - Daniel Ingram & Kenneth Folk 39:09 - No-self experience 39:54 - Become a student of occultist Alan Chapman 45:25 - Scrying the Enochian Æthyrs 48:02 - Visions and esoteric Christianity 50:09 - Abramelin Ritual w/ Alan Chapman 53:50 - Meeting the Holy Guardian Angel 56:32 - Approaching enlightenment 01:02:38 - Achieving enlightenment 01:10:59 - Consequences of enlightenment 01:14:45 - Confirmation by Stuart Lachs 01:18:54 - Massive kundalini experience 01:22:21 - Loss of interest in spirituality 01:23:21 - Spirit encounters in Santeria 01:27:23 - Strategic presentations of Tibetan Buddhism 01:28:13 - Difficulties after awakening 01:29:52 - Post kundalini energetic development 01:31:56 - Loss of fear of death 01:33:15 - Breathwork 01:34:54 - Opening of psychic senses 01:37:40 - Powerful encounters with Kālī Mā 01:45:03 - Meeting other Dark Goddesses 01:48:27 - Synchronicities and initiations 01:49:20 - Alan Chapman's Magia 01:53:26 - Adventures in Bali 02:03:14 - Chinese Internal Alchemy & Mattias Daly 02:05:25 - Nan Huai-Chin 02:07:31 - Energy rewires for 12 years after awakening 02:09:11 - Neoplatonist theurgy 02:12:31 - Reviving the Western spiritual tradition 02:12:53 - Instructed by Hecate to be interviewed 02:14:31 - Specialties of the Western tradition 02:17:00 - Sacred geography and local deities 02:20:27 - #1 problem in the West 02:23:11 - Karmic connections 02:24:34 - Fall from grace after awakening 02:26:16 - Divine beings care about authenticity 02:28:15 - Sequel plans 02:29:57 - Praise for the Guru Viking Podcast … For more interviews, videos, and more visit: - www.guruviking.com Music ‘Deva Dasi' by Steve James

Wondering which PA specialties bring in the biggest paychecks and what you have to look forward to?! In this episode, we're breaking down the top-paying specialties for PAs - specialties you may want to check out in your PA school clinical rotations and future as a PA! VIP Days! Magic happens here!

This episode of The Authentic Dentist explores a remarkable journey of professional transformation and authentic self-discovery. Dr. [Guest's name] shares her vulnerable path from nearly dropping out of dental school due to struggling with hand skills to becoming one of only 300 oral pathologists in the United States.Her story embodies the authentic dentist journey—moving from what she thought she "should" do to discovering her true zone of genius. Despite initially choosing dentistry for practical reasons, she found her authentic voice when she encountered oral pathology, experiencing that rare moment of clarity where passion and purpose align.The conversation reveals the courage required to pursue an unconventional path in dentistry, including the willingness to move across multiple states, navigate complex licensing requirements, and embrace the academic demands of specialty practice. Her emphasis on mentorship, continuous learning, and maintaining humility despite expertise demonstrates authentic leadership in action.Most powerfully, she illustrates how authentic fulfillment comes not from following the traditional dental practice model, but from aligning one's unique gifts with meaningful work—transforming from someone who dreaded clinical work to someone who says "I get to" instead of "I have to" about her profession.

Ellington Jones, DrPH, MHA, MBA, FACHE, Chief Administrative Officer of Surgical Specialties at UC San Diego Health, joins the podcast to discuss the expanding services at UCSD Health and the key responsibilities within his leadership role. He shares insights on navigating reimbursement challenges, improving access to care, and the importance of having a clear, strategic plan for AI implementation. Jones also highlights the ongoing growth efforts at UC San Diego Health and how innovation is shaping the organization's future.

Think running a business for nearly three decades is easy? Think again!

Welcome to the Veterinary Breakroom! Join Alyssa Watson, DVM, and Beth Molleson, DVM, as they discuss pressing issues impacting the veterinary profession. In this episode, they explore the potential addition of two new specialties to the American Board of Veterinary Specialties and examine how the continued growth of specialized care is transforming the field. Tune in as they weigh the benefits and challenges of expanding treatment options for small animal patients and look ahead to what the future may hold.Resource:https://www.avma.org/news/two-proposed-veterinary-specialties-under-consideration-acupuncture-embryo-transferContact:podcast@instinct.vetWhere To Find Us:Website: CliniciansBrief.com/PodcastsYouTube: Youtube.com/@clinicians_briefFacebook: Facebook.com/CliniciansBriefLinkedIn: LinkedIn.com/showcase/CliniciansBrief/Instagram: @Clinicians.BriefX: @CliniciansBriefThe Team:Alyssa Watson, DVM - HostBeth Molleson, DVM - HostAlexis Ussery - Producer & Multimedia SpecialistDisclaimer: This podcast recording represents the opinions of Dr. Alyssa Watson and Dr. Beth Molleson. Content is presented for discussion purposes and should not be taken as medical advice. No guarantee is given regarding the accuracy of any statements or opinions made on the podcast.

REVIEW: Colleague Andrea Stricker of FDD reports the nuclear weapon specialties of nine of the Iran technicians who were KIA the first instance of the Israeli attack. More. 1890 TEHRAN

Today, this is what's important: Specialties, funk, musicians, showering, dicks, the TII cruise, & more. Click here to learn more about the TII Cruise.See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Today's podcast features Laurent Meuwley. Laurent is the Head Coach for sprints, hurdles, and relays for the Netherlands. A former Swiss national coach and European Athletics Coach of the Year, he's known for guiding world-class athletes like Femke Bol and Dutch relay teams, pioneering the “Flyers vs. Diesels” sprint-type analogy and his comprehensive approach to training. Often in sprinting and speed training education, we get a small piece of the equation based on our social media algorithms or our immediate training culture. To fully understand speed training, we must look at both speed and environmental coaching concepts that span cultures. On today's podcast, Laurent discusses speed building on the level of the weight room, overspeed, speed endurance, and individual training factors. Laurent also talks about building a relay-based culture and a powerful training environment, along with many more nuances of building elite sprinters. Today's episode is brought to you by TeamBuildr's GymStudio. For a Gym Studio 14-day free trial, head to gymstudio.com Use the code “justfly25” for 25% off any Lila Exogen wearable resistance training, including the popular Exogen Calf Sleeves. For this offer, head to: Lilateam.com View more podcast episodes at the podcast homepage. (https://www.just-fly-sports.com/podcast-home/) Timestamps 2:31- Team Dynamics and Specialties in Athletics 21:15- Enhancing Speed with Rear Leg Propulsion 24:43- Efficient Cluster Training for Hypertrophy Goals 29:54- Explosive Training with Kaiser Machines and Variations 31:59- Individualized Sprint Training for Speed Development 35:12- Speed Reserve Optimization in Sprint Training 41:44- Individualized Training Approaches for Sprinters' Profiles 52:37- Aerobic System Impact on 400m Running 54:38- Optimizing Nervous System through Training Schedule Quotes (4:50) "In the second phase of the preparation, athletes are working more on individual exercises. And those are based on a test they do called the tensomeography test, where we check all the muscles individually and see how fast or slow they are, how strong or weak they are, how quickly they react, they can be activated or not." - Laurent Meuwly (13:14) "Because a lot of strength program are thought in terms of which muscles are specifically used for the movement. But we also have to think in which kind of muscle contraction, what kind of Muscle contraction is then used and for different muscle groups it's a different contraction. It might be concentric for some, eccentric for others, isometric for some muscles. So in the specific work this needs to be taken into account." - Laurent Meuwly (16:37) "If I take a hamstring exercise, when someone has struggled to activate the hamstrings quick enough, they might have an exercise where they are standing, laying on their shoulders up, one leg on the skateboard, the other leg in the air and they have to bring the skateboard back and forth under their butt as fast as possible." - Laurent Meuwly (22:07) "The propulsion phase is really important in running and especially in sprinting." - Laurent Meuwly (23:43) "The individualization in the gym is more to the way athletes are reacting in terms of hypertrophy. Some athletes would go a bit quicker away from max strength exercises, hypertrophy to be more in a velocity-based training, more in power than in strength development." - Laurent Meuwly (33:00) "I think in Europe we are using overspeed quite more than in the US at least in track and field, I would say every 10 to 14 days." - Laurent Meuwly (42:20) "A “flyer”, an athlete who is more speed based needs to be fast. And because speed is his or her strength, they also are going to recover from speed or even strength or whatever stimulates highly the nervous system quicker than athletes who are more endurance based and who are less talented for speed." - Laurent Meuwly