Podcasts about t bell labs

A little more about Don ... What do you get when you cross an Engineer with a stand-up comedian? You get Don McMillan. This former chip designer has been doing his one-of-a-kind, PowerPoint-Driven comedy show for audiences for over 20 years. Don graduated from Stanford University with a Master's Degree in Electrical Engineering. He then went to work at AT&T Bell Labs where he was part of the team that designed the world's first 32-bit microprocessor. He then moved to Silicon Valley where he helped launch the start-up company, VLSI Technology. Then after 15 years in the tech world, Don quit his job to become a stand-up comedian. That year he won $100,000 as the Comedy Grand Champion on “Star Search”. Don's been seen on “The Tonight Show”, “HBO”, and “Comedy Central”. These days, Don spends most of his time writing and performing customized corporate comedy shows for companies like Google, Apple, Amazon, Microsoft, Ford Motors, and Exxon/Mobil. Don has performed more than 800 corporate shows in the last 20 years and he was named the #1 Corporate Comedian by the CBS Business Network and will be at Helium Comedy Club in Philadelphia on March 25th …

When is a cancer scare, a rejected mortgage loan, a false arrest, or predictive grading, more than a glitch in A.I.? That's today's big question, and my guest is Meredith Broussard. Meredith is a data journalist and associate professor at the Arthur L. Carter Journalism Institute of New York University, Research Director at the NYU Alliance for Public Interest Technology and the author of several books I loved, including More Than a Glitch: Confronting Race, Gender and Ability Bias in Tech, and Artificial Unintelligence: How Computers Misunderstand the World. Her academic research focuses on A.I. in investigative reporting and ethical A.I., with a particular interest in using data analysis for social good. She's a former features editor at the Philadelphia Inquirer. She's also worked as a software developer at AT&T Bell Labs and at the MIT Media Lab. Meredith's features and essays have appeared in The Atlantic, The New York Times, Slate, and other outlets. If you have ever turned on a computer or used the internet in some way to apply for something, or literally anything, this one is for you.-----------Have feedback or questions? Tweet us, or send a message to questions@importantnotimportant.comNew here? Get started with our fan favorite episodes at podcast.importantnotimportant.com.-----------INI Book Club:Chain Gang All Stars by Nana Kwame Adjei-BrenyahFind all of our guest recommendations at the INI Book Club: https://bookshop.org/lists/important-not-important-book-clubLinks:Read Meredith's books: More Than A Glitch and Artificial UnintelligenceCheck out Meredith's website and follow her on social mediaGet up to speed on A.I. ethics by reading: Weapons of Math Destruction, Algorithms of Oppression, Automating Inequality, Race After Technology, Black SoftwareFollow algorithm and bias influencers Avriel Epps and Joel BervellCheck out the Blueprint for an...

In Episode 3 of #TheHersDay Thursday Podcast, we delve into a topic that affects countless women worldwide: menopause. Hosted by The 2Harks, this episode features an insightful conversation with Dr. Donna G. Ivery, a renowned expert in women's health. Menopause, often dubbed as the "silent transition," can bring about a myriad of physical, emotional, and psychological changes. Dr. Ivery sheds light on this natural phase of life, discussing common symptoms, misconceptions, and effective strategies for navigating through it. From hot flashes to mood swings, listeners gain valuable insights into understanding and managing menopause gracefully. Tune in as we embark on this enlightening journey through menopause, empowering women to embrace this significant life transition with confidence and resilience. Stay tuned for Part II, where we'll delve even deeper into this crucial topic. Dr. Donna G Ivery, MD has done all things women's health, delivering babies, rocking surgeries, and championing the cause for almost 30 years. Beginning with training in Atlanta, to the tropical islands of Maui, Hawaii, and St. Croix, to the lively streets of Portland, small towns in Georgia, and her homebase of Titusville, Florida, Dr Donna G MD has been a guiding light for over 50,000 women throughout her illustrious career. Dr Donna G MD started professional life as a biomedical engineering graduate of Johns Hopkins University and an employee of AT&T Bell Labs. She pivoted to medicine with medical school and residency training in Obstetrics & Gynecology at Emory in Atlanta, GA, marking the beginning of a remarkable career. Board-certified in Obstetrics & Gynecology since 1998 and certified in Integrative Holistic Medicine since 2014, she has seamlessly blended conventional and holistic approaches to provide comprehensive care to her patients. Beyond the accolades of a thriving clinical practice, Dr. Donna G MD shares a deeply personal narrative. She has been through the wringer at times in her life, too – exhausted, sick, overweight and feeling completely overwhelmed. Sound familiar? Yeah, Dr Donna G MD knows what it's like to hit the wall, be forced to change course, and figure out how to move forward. She was diagnosed with Multiple Sclerosis over 25 years ago and it reared its ugly head in 2019!! While struggling to recover, the COVID pandemic hit and life became a blur and a blessing. You see, Dr Donna G MD knows life without maternity leave and went back to work 3 ½ weeks after her c-section. COVID's silver lining gave her the bonding with her son that she missed postpartum! Great physicians and nurses along with great modern medicines all contributed to getting a grateful Dr Donna G MD back on her feet and functioning. So here's the scoop: Dr Donna G MD's mission in 2024 is to reach a million amazing women with the Message About Menopause. This book is a big part of reaching that goal! Why do something like this? Because so many women are completely unprepared for menopause. They don't know what to expect. They are afraid of what is happening to their body and their mind. They are confused about all of the information and mixed messages they see on the internet. Dr Donna G MD spent decades helping women, one by one, through their gynecologic issues, especially menopause. Some got information, some got hormones, some got herbal regimens, some got practical and nutritional advice and tips; they all got seen and heard and helped in a manner that resonated with their experience and needs. With five decades of life experience, she intimately understands the challenges women face – the struggle to be heard, believed, and helped. --- Support this podcast: https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/theher-hdubbl/support

EPISODE 178 One buzzword I am seeing a lot lately is “onboarding.” Onboarding is defined as “the action or process of integrating a new employee into an organization.” As an attorney and a business coach, that made me think about something. I wonder how onboarding has changed in corporate America since I experienced it myself? Let me tell you another true story. In my previous career as a professional software engineer, I worked for two tech companies, AT&T Bell Laboratories and U.S. Robotics both located in the suburbs of the City of Chicago. I experienced two different personal onboarding processes as a new employee at AT&T Bell Labs and U.S. Robotics. What new things are now being included in the onboarding process for new employees? Updating your onboarding process can help make a positive impact in your organization. Out There on the Edge of Everything®… Stephen Lesavich, PhD Copyright © 2024, by Stephen Lesavich, PhD. All rights reserved. Certified solution-focused life coach and experienced business coach.

“Dance Talk” ® with Joanne Carey In this episode of  “Dance Talk” ® with Joanne Carey,  join host Joanne Carey as she chats with Special Guest: Andrew N. Chiang, the executive director of Nai-Ni Chen Dance Company. Listen in as Andy shares about his life and 'love at first sight' with his beloved late wife Nai-Ni Chen and the continued mission of the Nai-Ni Chen Dance Company that is deeply rooted in the Chinese American immigrant experience and to advance the vision of its founder. Happy Chinese New Year as you join us in celebrating the Year of the Green Wood Dragon! Check out Na-Ni Chen Dance Company at NJPAC https://www.njpac.org/event/nai-ni-chen-dance-company-year-of-the-green-wood-dragon/ Tickets Available for Feb 10 & 11 https://www.ticketmaster.com/artist/1152075?venueId=308&_gl=1*5y38hm*_gcl_au*NjcxODQ0MjgxLjE3MDU1MDM3Nzg.&_ga=2.167876385.1093882650.1705503778-888170708.1705503778 Andy Chiang emigrated to the Bronx, New York, from Taiwan when he was 14, with a single mom who worked as a nurse. A math whiz from a young age, Chiang caught the attention of a teacher who encouraged him to apply to prestigious undergrad programs. Computer science was just beginning to take off when Chiang began at MIT, and he eventually migrated from math into computing. He worked at IBM over several summers, researching automatic programming (or early AI), earning both money and MIT credits. Through his work at IBM, he received his master's degree as part of the Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science's 6-A program. Finishing his studies at the dawn of the personal computer, Chiang resisted the call of Silicon Valley heeded by many of his peers. Instead, he stayed on the East Coast and joined a startup, founded by a fellow MIT alum, that focused on transactional computing in finance, designing systems to be crash resistant. He moved on to working on crash resistance at AT&T Bell Labs before starting a company called Intellimed, an early pioneer in electronic medical records. After selling the company, he worked as an independent consultant on projects in health care and finance.  Chiang had already met his future wife at MIT when she performed for the Chinese Student Club in a dance troupe visiting from Taiwan. (Chen was the troupe's lead dancer; Chiang was the club's president.) The two stayed in touch, and Chen eventually emigrated to the US to attend New York University. They married in 1982, and Chen started her namesake company six years later. By the time Chiang decided to step away from consulting and dedicate himself full time to the Nai-Ni Chen Dance Company, he had also served on a panel evaluating grants for the NEA and on the board of the Mid-Atlantic Arts Foundation.  Find out more https://www.nainichen.org/company Follow on Instagram @nainichendancecompany Please leave us review about our podcast ⁠Follow Joanne Carey on Instagram @westfieldschoolofdance And follow  “Dance Talk” ® with Joanne Carey wherever you listen to your podcasts. "Where the Dance World Connects, the Conversations Inspire, and Where We Are Keeping Them Real." Tune in. Follow. Like us. And Share.

Dean Radin, Ph.D., is a prominent figure in the field of parapsychology, known for his extensive research and publications on psychic phenomena. As the chief scientist at the Institute of Noetic Sciences (IONS) and author of influential books such as "The Conscious Universe" and "Entangled Minds," Radin has played a pivotal role in investigating and promoting the scientific understanding of psi phenomena, including telepathy, clairvoyance, and psychokinesis. His work, characterized by its interdisciplinary approach and rigorous statistical analysis, has significantly contributed to the academic and public discourse on the legitimacy and implications of psychic experiences. Radin's efforts have been instrumental in advocating for the open-minded and scientific exploration of these often-controversial subjects within the broader context of consciousness studies.Before joining the research staff at IONS in 2001, he held appointments at AT&T Bell Labs, Princeton University, University of Edinburgh, and SRI International. Dr. Radin is author or coauthor of hundreds of technical articles, some 125 peer-reviewed journal articles, four dozen book chapters, and four best-selling, popular books. Links are in the episode brief if you want to learn more.EPISODE BRIEFDONATE TO IONSIONS scientific research and free programs are entirely funded by generous gifts from members and donors. Make a gift today at noetic.org/give.BECOME A PATRONPatrons get lots of great perks like early and ad-free episodes, access to the private The UFO Rabbit Hole Discord server, and twice-monthly Patron Zoom calls with Kelly Chase.Memberships start at just $5/month.GET THE BOOKGet a SIGNED COPYGet it on AmazonFOLLOWWebsiteTwitterFacebookThis show is part of the Spreaker Prime Network, if you are interested in advertising on this podcast, contact us at https://www.spreaker.com/show/5746035/advertisement

The myth is that technology is unbiased, but says the truth is more complex and explains how bias and discrimination creep into the algorithms that shape the modern world. Broussard is a data journalist and an associate professor at the Arthur L. Carter Journalism Institute of New York University, research director at the NYU Alliance for Public Interest Technology, and the author of several books, including “More Than a Glitch: Confronting Race, Gender, and Ability Bias in Tech” and “Artificial Unintelligence: How Computers Misunderstand the World.” Her academic research focuses on artificial intelligence in investigative reporting and ethical AI, withttps://mitpress.mit.edu/9780262047654/h a particular interest in using data analysis for social good. She appeared in the 2020 documentary Coded Bias, an official selection of the Sundance Film Festival that was nominated for an Emmy Award and an NAACP Image Award.  She is an affiliate faculty member at the Moore Sloan Data Science Environment at the NYU Center for Data Science, a 2019 Reynolds Journalism Institute Fellow, and her work has been supported by New America, the Institute of Museum & Library Services, and the Tow Center at Columbia Journalism School. A former features editor at the Philadelphia Inquirer, she has also worked as a software developer at AT&T Bell Labs and the MIT Media Lab. Her features and essays have appeared in The Atlantic, The New York Times, Slate, and other outlets.See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Imagine building an army of irrationally loyal fans for your brand, fans who keep coming back for more and help your business thrive in today's competitive marketplace. In our captivating conversation with branding expert and author Deb Gabor, we discuss just that - the secrets to turning customers into devoted followers and her latest book, 'Person-Ality Cultivate Your Human Authority to Ignite Irrational Brand Loyalty'.Deb's journey from working at AT&T Bell Labs and other technology startups to becoming an accidental entrepreneur is both fascinating and inspiring. We dive deep into the concept of irrational loyalty, the Brand Values Pyramid, and the four-point formula for creating a winning brand strategy. Deb also shares her passion for working with unsexy brands in unsexy categories, and the importance of branding in the B2B world for building strong connections with clients.We even explore the potential of AI in marketing and branding, and whether it could ever replace the human touch when it comes to creating content that resonates with customers. So, tune in and discover how to elevate your brand strategy, hack Maslow's hierarchy, and create a loyal fan base eager to stand by your brand!Guest LinksBuy Person-ality on Amazon: https://amzn.to/3MxkJIR (affiliate)Deb's Website: https://debgabor.com/Connect with Deb on LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/dgabor/Learn More: Join My Digital First Mastermind: https://nealschaffer.com/membership/ Learn about My Fractional CMO Consulting Services: https://nealschaffer.com/cmo Download My Free Ebooks Here: https://nealschaffer.com/freebies/ Subscribe to my YouTube Channel: https://youtube.com/nealschaffer All My Podcast Show Notes: https://podcast.nealschaffer.com

In this episode of our podcast, we are joined by Meredith Broussard, an associate professor at the Arthur L. Carter Journalism Institute of New York University and the research director at the NYU Alliance for Public Interest Technology. During our conversation, we discuss the importance of diversity and inclusion in the tech industry and how AI can be leveraged to improve belonging, inclusivity, and diversity in the workplace. We also delve into the ethical concerns that arise when developing and deploying AI systems in various sectors, such as healthcare or finance. Meredith shares her insights on how we can ensure that AI technologies are developed in a way that doesn't perpetuate or exacerbate existing biases and inequalities.Meredith's extensive experience as a former features editor at the Philadelphia Inquirer and a software developer at AT&T Bell Labs and the MIT Media Lab, as well as her research in AI ethics and data analysis for social good, provide a unique perspective on the intersection between AI and bias.This episode is a must-listen for C-Suite Leaders (and aspiring ones!) who seek to leverage technology to improve their performance outcomes while promoting diversity, inclusion, and belonging in the workplace. Follow Meredith on Twitter @merbroussard or visit her website, meredithbroussard.com, to learn more about her work.THE FINER DETAILS OF THIS SHOWHow can you tell if AI algorithms are making decisions that are unfair and unjust? [07:22]You talk about how AI is not neutral, what does that mean? [08:19]What considerations should you reflect on before buying data? [11:06]Can you give an example of what can happen when data is not being used responsibly? [15:28]How might an AI based system perpetuate bias in a hiring process? [19:29]Are there other misconceptions or areas of bias that just kind of show up in different kinds of companies, of manufacturing, supply chain, all of those areas? Have you seen instances of that in the book? [25:38]KEEP UP WITH MEREDITH BROUSSARDCheck out her bookKeep up with her on LinkedinEPISODE RESOURCESJoin the Remarkable Leadership Lessons Community NowVisit the Remarkable Leadership Lessons SiteGot questions? Send them hereInterested in being a guest? Schedule an introduction call!Subscribe on Apple Podcasts, Spotify, or Google Podcasts, and leave us a rating or reviewMEREDITH BROUSSARDMeredith Broussard is an associate professor at the Arthur L. Carter Journalism Institute of New York University and the research director at the NYU Alliance for Public Interest Technology. She is the author of an upcoming book, More Than a Glitch: Confronting Race, Gender, and Ability Bias in Tech (MIT...

My special guest in today's episode of If Not Now Wen is my friend and mentor, Satish Kambalimath. Satish is a serial entrepreneur who has over 25 years of experience in a vast array of leadership roles at IBM, AT&T Bell Labs, Lucent, Cadence and Niksun. Satish has held senior leadership positions at Fortune 500 companies as well as startups, and he has a proven track record in taking emerging technologies from inception to market validation, customer acquisition and revenue growth. He is currently on his fourth startup venture as the Founder & CEO of Predecir, The Last Mile in Actionable Predictive Analytics to identify and eliminate waste and optimize cloud spend. Satish defines himself as a technologist who likes to apply technology to real world problems and find solutions. He has an amazing sense of humor, humbleness, curiosity and authenticity that truly makes him special. Satish is such an inspiration, and I hope you enjoy his story as much as I do! In this episode we talk about:

Dr. Jim Barry is the author of Social Content Marketing for Entrepreneurs, a textbook used in the instruction of MBA courses. He has served as Professor of Marketing at NSU since August, 2004 where he teaches courses in social media marketing, consumer behavior, and integrated marketing communication. He won the 2019 President's Distinguished Faculty Award and was inducted into Phi Kappa Phi earlier this year. After graduating with a degree in electrical engineering from the University of Notre Dame, Jim completed an MBA in Marketing at DePaul University. He then received his doctorate from NSU. Jim's publications have appeared in many leading marketing journals primarily about social media marketing, content marketing, humor, storytelling, cross-cultural relational marketing and emerging markets. He serves on the editorial review boards of top journals like the European Journal of Marketing and the Journal of Business & Industrial Marketing. He joined NSU after a 25-year career in executive marketing positions with AT&T Bell Labs, Gould Electronics, GE Aerospace, BFGoodrich Aerospace, Rockwell Collins and two start-up firms. His primary responsibilities as a director of marketing and strategic planner included mergers and acquisitions, business development and global marketing development for high tech electronics firms. He and his wife, Claudia, reside in Delray Beach where they serve as pastors for Trinity Church International and facilitate a number of classes on biblical world views. Read the Thought Leadership Social Marketing Research Report - CLICK HERE

David Lorimer's Guest today is Dr Dean Radin who is Chief Scientist at the Institute of Noetic Sciences (IONS), Associated Distinguished Professor at the California Institute of Integral Studies (CIIS), and chairman of the biotech company, Cognigenics. He earned an MS (electrical engineering) and a PhD (psychology) from the University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, and in 2022 was awarded an Honorary DSc from the Swami Vivekananda University in Bangalore, India (an institution of higher learning accredited by the Indian government and specializing in yoga practice and research). Before joining the IONS research staff in 2001, Radin worked at AT&T Bell Labs, Princeton University, University of Edinburgh, and SRI International. He has given over 650 talks and interviews worldwide, and he is author or co-author of some 300 scientific and popular articles, four dozen book chapters, and nine books, four of which have been translated into 15 foreign languages. Imaginal Inspirations is hosted by David Lorimer, Programme Director of the Scientific and Medical Network and Chair of the Galileo Commission, an academic movement dedicated to expanding the evidence base of a science of consciousness. Imaginal cells are responsible for the metamorphosis of the caterpillar into a butterfly, which is the Greek symbol for the soul. These cells are dormant in the caterpillar but at a critical point of development they create the new form and structure which becomes the butterfly.scientificandmedical.net galileocommission.orgbeyondthebrain.org Works and links mentioned:Books by Dean Radin:The Conscious Universe (1997, HarperCollins), https://uk.bookshop.org/books/the-conscious-universe-the-scientific-truth-of-psychic-phenomena/9780061778995Entangled Minds (2006, Simon & Schuster), https://uk.bookshop.org/books/entangled-minds-extrasensory-experiences-in-a-quantum-reality/9781416516774Supernormal (2013, RandomHouse), https://uk.bookshop.org/books/supernormal-science-yoga-and-the-evidence-for-extraordinary-psychic-abilities/9780307986900Real Magic (2018, PenguinRandomHouse). https://uk.bookshop.org/books/real-magic-unlocking-your-natural-psychic-abilities-to-create-everyday-miracles/9781524758820 ESP: A Scientific Evaluation by CEM Hansel https://www.biblio.com/book/esp-scientific-evaluation-cem-hansel/d/1276130291C P Broad: Lectures on Psychical Research https://www.routledge.com/Lectures-on-Psychical-Research-Routledge-Revivals-Incorporating-the-Perrott/Broad/p/book/9780415610865Ram Das: Be Hesre Now https://www.bookdepository.com/Be-Here-Now-Ram-Dass/9780517543054 Production: Martin RedfernArtwork: Amber HaasMusic: Life is a River, by Magnus Moone

In today's episode, Massimo is joined by Valarie, the Founder and CEO of Valiant Coaching. Her coaching practice includes supporting chief counsels, university deans, as well as senior technology leaders in the hi-tech industry. Valarie seeks to empower her clients to be both resilient and confident, helping them to develop leadership and communication skills that build high performing diverse teams that are deliberately inclusive. Prior to starting Valiant Coaching, Valarie held VP positions at Marriott International, S&P Global, Slalom Build and leadership roles at Cisco Systems, Dell EMC and AT&T Bell Labs. She has managed projects ranging from the development of Marriott's Bonvoy mobile application to Cisco Systems' use of machine translation to deliver multilingual support sites. Valarie holds a Masters in Mechanical & Metallurgical Engineering from the University of Pittsburgh and a Bachelors from Carnegie Mellon University. She serves on a number of advisory boards that focus on the empowerment of young women and people of color; Girl Scouts, Nerdy Girl Success and TY-Education. She is gleefully married for 35 years and the mother of two amazing women; an attorney and UX designer. Highlights from today's podcast include: Her experience being the first African American female to graduate in metallurgical and mechanical engineering at Carnegie Mellon University Where her drive came from to keep going when she could have given up and what it means to be resilient The challenge in accepting compliments and the impact that has on owning one's role as a leader The missteps in diversity and inclusion efforts where we undermine the unique needs of each group. How people can define success and be proactive about their career Valarie's mission for her coaching company and how she supports minorities Connect with Valarie: Website www.valariegilbert.com Linkedin https://www.linkedin.com/in/valariegilbert/

Simi welcomes a founder trio to the podcast. Mythili Sankaran, Chitra Nayak, and Sruthi Ramaswami are the co-founders of Neythri, an organization dedicated to creating a network of South Asian professional women. Most recently, they launched the Neythri Futures Fund, a startup investment fund with an investor base of primarily South Asian women.Now a little more about the women behind Neythri.Chitra Nayak is currently an independent board member at companies like Infosys, and LifeWorks. Most recently, she served as COO at Comfy, a real-estate tech startup, and prior to this was COO at Funding Circle, an online lending marketplace. She was at Salesforce for eight years, where she served as COO of Platform and SVP of Sales Development. Chitra has an MBA from Harvard Business School, an MS in Engineering from Cornell University, and a BS in Engineering from the Indian Institute of Technology.Previously, Mythili Sankaran led regional operations for the U.S. - India Business Council and the American India Foundation. Mythili also served as CEO of Koollage, a web service company. Earlier in her career, Mythili spent several years in research and product at IBM and AT&T Bell Labs. She has a MS degree in Physics from Texas Tech University, a M.Sc in Electronics from the University of Bombay, and an Executive MBA from Wharton.Sruthi Ramaswami is a growth equity investor at ICONIQ Capital, an investment firm that has served the likes of Sheryl Sandberg and Jack Dorsey. Prior to her current role, Sruthi was at Goldman Sachs. She is the co-founder of Shakti Collaborative, a digital platform that showcases the narratives of South Asian women. Sruthi holds a BA degree in Economics from the University of Chicago.In this episode, they discuss talk the ways in which each of their respective careers informed the building of Neythri, how they came together, and their work bringing together South Asian funders, founders, and operators.For more episodes, visit southasiantrailblazers.com. Subscribe to our newsletter to get new episodes in your inbox. Follow us @southasiantrailblazers on Facebook, Instagram, and LinkedIn.

In this episode, I speak with the well-respected and prolific researcher Dr. Dean Radin about the science of consciousness and paranormal phenomena. We discuss the science of collective consciousness (including data from September 11th), psychic experiences such as "telephone telepathy" and "the feeling of being stared at," Dean's work with the U.S. government on remote viewing espionage, skepticism about paranormal phenomena amongst scientists, quantum biology, the illusion of space and time, non-local mind-matter entanglement, what Dean would do as leader of the free world, the genetics of psychic abilities, and much more. Dean Radin, PhD, is Chief Scientist at the Institute of Noetic Sciences and Associated Distinguished Professor at the California Institute of Integral Studies. He earned a BS in electrical engineering (magna cum laude, with honors in physics), and then an MS in electrical engineering and a PhD in psychology from the University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign. Before joining the IONS research staff in 2001, Radin worked at AT&T Bell Labs, Princeton University, University of Edinburgh, and SRI International. He has given over 600 talks and interviews worldwide, and he is author or coauthor of over 300 scientific and popular articles, four dozen book chapters, two technical books, and four popular books translated into 15 foreign languages: The Conscious Universe (1997, HarperCollins), Entangled Minds (2006, Simon & Schuster), Supernormal (2013, RandomHouse), and Real Magic (2018, PenguinRandomHouse). You can learn more about Dr. Radin's work at https://www.deanradin.com/ or https://noetic.org/profile/dean-radin/ Matthew S. Goodman, Ph.D. is a Licensed Clinical Psychologist (PSY32423) and Clinical Assistant Professor of Psychiatry and the Behavioral Sciences in the Keck School of Medicine at the University of Southern California. He is also a writer and filmmaker. His work can be found here: http://matthewgoodmanphd.com Watch The Middle Way podcast interviews on YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCmga5Z4JdHziQjtCdnVhYuw If you enjoy this content, do us a favor and rate, review, and share the podcast with a friend! : ) --- Support this podcast: https://anchor.fm/matthewgoodmanphd/support

Mauricio G. C. Resende is a Principal Research Scientist at Amazon Science and an Affiliate Professor of Industrial and Systems Engineering at the University of Washington. He grew up in Rio de Janeiro (BR), West Lafayette (IN-US), and Amherst (MA-US). He did his undergraduate training in electrical engineering (systems engineering concentration) at the Pontifical Catholic U. of Rio de Janeiro. He obtained an MS in operations research from Georgia Tech and a PhD in operations research from the U. of California, Berkeley. He is most known for his work with metaheuristics, in particular GRASP and biased random-key genetic algorithms, as well as for his work with interior point methods for linear programming and network flows. Dr. Resende has published over 200 papers on optimization and holds 15 U.S. patents. He has edited the Handbook of Heuristics (Springer, 2018), the Handbook of Optimization in Telecommunications (Springer, 2006), the Handbook of Massive Data Sets (Kluwer, 2002), and the Handbook of Applied Optimization (Oxford, 2002), and is coauthor of the book Optimization by GRASP (Springer, 2016). He has a Google Scholar h-index of 80. He sits on the editorial boards of several optimization journals, including Networks, Discrete Optimization, J. of Global Optimization, R.A.I.R.O., and International Transactions in Operational Research. Dr. Resende is an INFORMS Fellow. Prior to joining Amazon in 2014 as a Principal Research Scientist in the Modeling and Optimization group, Dr. Resende was a Lead Inventive Scientist at the Mathematical Foundations of Computing Department of AT&T Bell Labs and at the Algorithms and Optimization Research Department of AT&T Labs Research in New Jersey for over 25 years.

Host JIM PERRY and co-host TIM ROTHSCHILD interview DR DEAN RADIN on real magic, consciousness, remote viewing, and psi abilities. Recorded in front of a live PATREON audience. Read Dean's work: • Real Magic: Ancient Wisdom, Modern Science, and a Guide to the Secret Power of the Universe Buy here • Supernormal: Science, Yoga, and the Evidence for Extraordinary Psychic Abilities Buy here • Entangled Minds: Extrasensory Experiences in a Quantum Reality Buy here • Referenced in this episode is The Star Gate Archives: Reports of the United States Government Sponsored Psi Program, 1972-1995: Volume 1: Remote Viewing, 1972-1984 Buy here NOTE: These are Euphomet Amazon Affiliate links, so when you buy books and products with these links you also help support the show! Dean Radin, PhD, is Chief Scientist at the Institute of Noetic Sciences and Distinguished Professor at the California Institute of Integral Studies. He earned a BS in electrical engineering (magna cum laude, with honors in physics), then an MS in electrical engineering and a PhD in psychology from the University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign. Before joining the IONS research staff in 2001, Radin was at AT&T Bell Labs, Princeton University, University of Edinburgh, and SRI International. He has given over 500 talks and interviews worldwide, and he is author or coauthor of hundreds of scientific and popular articles, four dozen book chapters, two technical books, and four popular books translated into 15 foreign languages: The Conscious Universe (1997), Entangled Minds (2006), Supernormal (2013), and Real Magic (2018). Visit his website http://www.deanradin.org/ At the Institute of Noetic Sciences (IONS), we are inspired by the power of science to explain phenomena not previously understood, harnessing the best of the rational mind to make advances that further our knowledge and enhance our human experience. The mission of the Institute of Noetic Sciences is to reveal the interconnected nature of reality through scientific exploration and personal discovery. https://noetic.org/ Learn how you can join future Patreon only live broadcasts: https://www.patreon.com/EUPHOMET Join our Patreon and gain access to our archive of the Original Series and be a part of NITE DRIFT LIVE JOIN HERE Please support our sponsors, Anchor.FM JIM PERRY | @ItsJimPerry | Host, Executive Producer, Founder TIM ROTHSCHILD | thethirdthing.net Follow on social @Euphomet | Use #Euphomet And Jim at @ItsJimPerry on Twitter and Instagram Anchor | Spotify | MindPod Network | Evolve And Ascend --- Send in a voice message: https://anchor.fm/euphomet/message Support this podcast: https://anchor.fm/euphomet/support

Replay – This show originally aired August 30th 2018. Dean RadinFilled with fascinating facts and intriguing ideas, Real Magic places the laboratory findings from parapsychology in the broader context of centuries of magic practices. This wholly original work then points toward new understandings of reality that can no longer be ignored. Real Magic will be known as one of the few real paradigm-changing works of science. Dean Radin, PhD, is Chief Scientist at the Institute of Noetic Sciences and Associated Distinguished Professor of Integral and Transpersonal Psychology at the California Institute of Integral Studies. He earned an MS in electrical engineering and a PhD in psychology from the University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign. Before joining the research staff at IONS in 2001, he held appointments at AT&T Bell Labs, Princeton University, University of Edinburgh, and SRI International. He is author or coauthor of hundreds of technical and popular articles, four dozen book chapters, and four popular books: The Conscious Universe (1997), Entangled Minds (2006), Supernormal (2013), and Real Magic (2018). To learn more about Dean Radin and his work, go to www.realmagicbook.com and www.noetic.org

BONUS - On this NITE DRIFT host, JIM PERRY and co-host TIM ROTHSCHILD interview DR DEAN RADIN on real magic, consciousness, remote viewing and psi abilities. Recorded in front of a live PATREON audience. Read Dean's work: • Real Magic: Ancient Wisdom, Modern Science, and a Guide to the Secret Power of the Universe Buy here • Supernormal: Science, Yoga, and the Evidence for Extraordinary Psychic Abilities Buy here • Entangled Minds: Extrasensory Experiences in a Quantum Reality Buy here • Referenced in this episode is The Star Gate Archives: Reports of the United States Government Sponsored Psi Program, 1972-1995: Volume 1: Remote Viewing, 1972-1984 Buy here NOTE: These are Euphomet Amazon Affiliate links, so when you buy books and products with these links you also help support the show! Dean Radin, PhD, is Chief Scientist at the Institute of Noetic Sciences and Distinguished Professor at the California Institute of Integral Studies. He earned a BS in electrical engineering (magna cum laude, with honors in physics), then an MS in electrical engineering and a PhD in psychology from the University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign. Before joining the IONS research staff in 2001, Radin was at AT&T Bell Labs, Princeton University, University of Edinburgh, and SRI International. He has given over 500 talks and interviews worldwide, and he is author or coauthor of hundreds of scientific and popular articles, four dozen book chapters, two technical books, and four popular books translated into 15 foreign languages: The Conscious Universe (1997), Entangled Minds (2006), Supernormal (2013), and Real Magic (2018). Visit his website http://www.deanradin.org/ At the Institute of Noetic Sciences (IONS), we are inspired by the power of science to explain phenomena not previously understood, harnessing the best of the rational mind to make advances that further our knowledge and enhance our human experience. The mission of the Institute of Noetic Sciences is to reveal the interconnected nature of reality through scientific exploration and personal discovery. https://noetic.org/ Learn how you can join future Patreon only live broadcasts: https://www.patreon.com/EUPHOMET Please rate, review, and subscribe on iTunes to really help the show out! SUBSCRIBE Join our Patreon and gain access to our archive of the Original Series and be a part of NITE DRIFT LIVE JOIN HERE Please support our sponsors, The Daily Shine, and Anchor.FM JIM PERRY | @ItsJimPerry | Host, Executive Producer, Founder TIM ROTHSCHILD | thethirdthing.net Follow on social @Euphomet | Use #Euphomet And Jim at @ItsJimPerry on twitter and Instagram Anchor | Spotify | MindPod Network | Evolve And Ascend --- Send in a voice message: https://anchor.fm/euphomet/message Support this podcast: https://anchor.fm/euphomet/support

Dr. Jim Barry is the author of Social Content Marketing for Entrepreneurs, a textbook used in the instruction of MBA courses. He has served as Professor of Marketing at NSU since August, 2004 where he teaches courses in social media marketing, consumer behavior, and integrated marketing communication. He won the 2019 President's Distinguished Faculty Award and was inducted into Phi Kappa Phi earlier this year. After graduating with a degree in electrical engineering from the University of Notre Dame, Jim completed an MBA in Marketing at DePaul University. He then received his doctorate from NSU. Jim's publications have appeared in many leading marketing journals primarily about social media marketing, content marketing, humor, storytelling, cross-cultural relational marketing and emerging markets. He serves on the editorial review boards of top journals like the European Journal of Marketing and the Journal of Business & Industrial Marketing. He joined NSU after a 25-year career in executive marketing positions with AT&T Bell Labs, Gould Electronics, GE Aerospace, BFGoodrich Aerospace, Rockwell Collins and two start-up firms. His primary responsibilities as a director of marketing and strategic planner included mergers and acquisitions, business development and global marketing development for high tech electronics firms. He and his wife, Claudia, reside in Delray Beach where they serve as pastors for Trinity Church International and facilitate a number of classes on biblical world views. Read the Thought Leadership Social Marketing Research Report - CLICK HERE

Dror brings to Norwest more than 20 years of operational, technology and entrepreneurial experience, having worked extensively in both the U.S. and in Israel in various senior positions at leading global organizations. Dror most recently invested in and serves on the boards of CyberX, Cynet, Gong, Personali, SundaySky, VAST Data, Weka.IO, and Wiliot. Dror has served as a board member of Veraz Networks since 2004. Dror was a previous board participant at Fireglass (acquired by Symantec), Pontis (acquired by Amdocs), ScaleIO (acquired by EMC), Seculert (acquired by Radware), SolarEdge (Nasdaq: SEDG) Unisfair (acquired by InterCall), and Velostrata (acquired by Google) and was a board observer for ConteXtream (acquired by HP). At Norwest, Dror focuses on multi-stage (seed to pre-IPO) and multi-domain (enterprise, cloud, consumer, semi) investments in Israel. Prior to joining Norwest, Dror served as executive vice president and Chief Strategy Officer of ECI, which he joined in 2004. In this role, he was responsible for ECI's strategy, mergers and acquisitions, business development, and strategic marketing. Before joining ECI, Dror was CEO of Axonlink, an optical components start-up company. Prior to Axonlink, he was President of I-Link, a US-based VoIP service provider which acquired MiBridge, the VoIP software company he founded. Dror was also a senior research engineer at AT&T Bell Labs where he developed voice and video compression technologies, including the speech coder that is now the standard for CDMA cellular in North America. Dror holds a BSc in electrical engineering from the Technion – Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa. About The Project EGG Show: The Project EGG Show is a video talk show that introduces you to entrepreneurs from around the world. It is broadcast from studios in Metairie, Louisiana to online platforms including YouTube, iTunes, Google Play, Spotify and Stitcher, and hosted by Ben Gothard. Our goal is to give you a fresh, unscripted and unedited look into the lives of real entrepreneurs from around the globe. From billionaires to New York Times best selling authors to Emmy Award winners to Forbes 30 Under 30 recipients to TEDx speakers – we present their real stories – uncensored and uncut. Subscribe To The Show: https://projectegg.co/podcast/ Get Access To: 1. Resources: https://projectegg.co/resources/ 2. Financing Solutions: https://projectegg.co/epoch/ 3. Payment Solutions: https://projectegg.co/sempr/ 4. Services: https://projectegg.co/resources#services 5. Courses: https://projectegg.co/resources#courses 6. Software: https://projectegg.co/resources#software 7. Book: https://projectegg.co/resources#books --- Support this podcast: https://anchor.fm/projectegg/support

Deborah Mills-Scofield Show Notes Deborah Mills-Scofield helps mid- to large-sized companies make “strategic planning” a verb. She is also a partner in an early-stage venture capital firm. Deb has written for Harvard Business Review and other venues, including her own blog, and has contributed to several books. Deb graduated from Brown University in three years and helped start the Cognitive Science concentration. After graduation, she went to AT&T Bell Labs, where her patent was one of the highest-revenue-generating patents for AT&T and Lucent. She is on the Advisory Council of Brown University’s Engineering School and lectures at Brown. Deb also mentors student entrepreneurs of all types, advises in the Brown Design Workshop, and supports those involved in STEAM. She measures her success by her clients’ success and their impact. Most passionate about There are two parts to that answer. The first part is my ‘work’ work, the paying kind, in which I’m working with mid- to large-sized companies, helping them discover where they want to be in three to five years and how they can get there. I help them encourage or enhance themselves if they already have a culture of innovation, or think outside the box—think of the old differently. To me, it starts with the customer, client, or end user (depending on what words they use). The second part is that I mentor and advise students at Brown University in Providence, Rhode Island, where I went to school. Working with these brilliant kids keeps me young mentally. It keeps me learning, keeps me challenged. If I can keep up with them, I’ll have no problem keeping up with my clients. My students study engineering, biology, chemistry, math, English, education—totally across the board. I mentor them and sometimes I also teach them. Then I get to introduce my clients to really cool kids, which helps them get interesting perspectives. Plus, I help my students find really interesting internships and jobs. It’s a nice symbiotic relationship. It all works really well for me. Deb’s three tenets There are three tenets I live my life by. These three tenets apply to my work life, my personal life, and my mentoring. There are three kinds of phrases: The first is not mine; it’s from a Jewish theologian and philosopher called Martin Buber: (I–It) and (I–Thou): “I” is I, meaning the person, while “It” means “Do I view the other person, or nature, as a function versus as a relationship?” “I-Thou” means that the other is a “thou”. They are not an objective; they are a person with a relationship, with a life. For me, it’s a key to how to view your customers internally or externally, because it’s all about them, it’s not about you. The second is: Rush to discover, don’t rush to solve. If you look at the world, at least the Western world, whenever you see a problem, you immediately try to fix it. You don’t try to find out why that’s a problem and what that means. You just try to fix it without knowing many things you probably should. And the last is: Your entire life, your approach to things should be: Experiment, Learn, Apply and Iterate. That’s how I live my life. I’m insatiably curious, which is a good thing but can also be a frustrating thing. I just really love learning … and then I try to discover patterns. Deb’s career and entrepreneurships’ development It started with growing up in the Northeast: New Jersey and New York City. I went to Brown and then to Bell Lab, which was the think tank for AT&T. I was 20 when I graduated and went there. I got paid to play and experiment with ideas. I had fantastic bosses and amazing mentors. They were all males, and they did everything to help me succeed. Later, my husband, who was a physics professor, got a job and we had to move to Chicago. My bosses did everything to ensure that I would keep working there. So, I flew all the time. Then, when we had children, my bosses...

S01E09 – La photographie à l’heure des smartphones : question de reflex ! Hier photographier nécessitait un savoir-faire, une attention aux gestes. C’était un saut dans l’inconnu, on ne pouvait pas prédire le résultat, chaque photo comptait. Aujourd’hui on a des photos partout, on les regarde à peine, on les imprime encore moins. La photographie est-elle donc passée de mode, n’a-t-elle plus rien à raconter..? L'équipe de Tech Me to The Moon fait une mise au point sur le sujet. Dispositif à transfert de charges : Le dispositif à transfert de charge est inventé en 1969 à AT&T Bell Labs par Willard Boyle et George E. Smith Un dispositif à transfert de charge (CCD « Charge Coupled Device ») est un registre à décalage électrostatique. Il comprend une série d'éléments semi-conducteurs identiques, qui chacun peuvent emmagasiner une charge électrique. Sur une impulsion du signal de commande, tous les éléments transfèrent en même temps leur charge sur l'élément adjacent. Exposition "exils intra muros et si c'était vous" par Marc Melki http://www.marcmelki.com/fr/portfolio-15261-0-80-exils-intra-muros.html Profondeur de champ La profondeur de champ correspond à la zone de prise de vue dans lequel doit se trouver le sujet à photographier pour que l'on puisse en obtenir une image que l'œil (ou un autre système optique tel un appareil photo) acceptera comme nette. https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Profondeur_de_champ Mise au point (ou visée) télémétrique La mise au point télémétrique se base sur un instrument, le télémètre, permettant de mesurer la distance entre l'appareil photographique ou la caméra et le sujet visé sans qu'il soit nécessaire de se déplacer de l'un à l’autre. https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mise_au_point_télémétrique David Guttenfelder en Corée du nord http://bit.ly/2JL0FRJ Benjamin Lowy - New York http://www.benlowy.com/ La verticalité de l’image - Michael Dandrieux http://bit.ly/2sTTrEG - Henry Cartier-Bresson, né le 22 août 1908 à Chanteloup-en-Brie et mort le 3 août 2004 à Montjustin dans les Alpes-de-Haute-Provence, est un photographe, photojournaliste et dessinateur français. Les Podcasts Latest S02E02 – La Musique : numérique, t... Jun 25, 2019 S02E02 – La Musique : numérique, t... Jun 18, 2019 S02E01 – Cinéma & personnages... May 21, 2019 S02E01 – Cinéma & personnages... May 14, 2019 S01E12 Alexa,Siri,Google épient votre mo... Dec 17, 2018 S01E10 – Maman j’ai raté les livre... Nov 19, 2018 S01E09 – La photographie à l’heure... Oct 29, 2018 S01E08 – L’argent à l’heure des né... Aug 20, 2018 S01E07 – L’entrepreneur à l’heure ... Aug 6, 2018 S01E06 – Food Porn : Non, ça n’est... Jul 30, 2018 S01E05 – Le guide du routeur : les... Jul 16, 2018 S01E04 – N’ayons pas peur des maux... May 14, 2018 S01E03 – Papa, Maman, la tablette ... Apr 23, 2018 S01E02 – Self Learning Remote Teac... Apr 16, 2018

Charles Grob and Bob Jesse sit down with Joe Green to discuss the reemergence of psychedelic research. Charles Grob, M.D., is Professor of Psychiatry and Pediatrics at the UCLA School of Medicine and Director of the Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center. He conducted the first government-approved study of MDMA, and was the principal investigator of an international biomedical psychiatric research project in the Brazilian Amazon of the plant, ayahuasca. He is currently conducting an investigation of the effects of psilocybin on anxiety in cancer patients. Robert Jesse is convenor of the Council on Spiritual Practices. Through CSP, he was instrumental in creating the psilocybin research team at the Johns Hopkins University, and he is one of its co-investigators. Prior to CSP, he worked as a consultant in information technology for AT&T Bell Labs and others, then in several capacities for Oracle Corporation, lastly as a vice president of business development.

Today on everyone's favorite podcast for conspiracy, the paranormal, & the all around fringe: Alright Higherside Chatters, we've talked about magic enough by now to know that despite today's popular worldview that it's all silliness and superstition- we occupy just a small sliver of time in which that is the case- and humanity actually has a long, rich history of experimentation, documentation, and dramatic results when it comes to the lost art of magic. But we do seem to be stumbling out of the darkness once again, and the tide does seem to be turning, as the materialist worldview starts to crumble and more main-streamers start to admit there is something more to this “consciousness” thing than they thought. And the savvy ones among us realize this admission is just the first crack in the dam, and it's only a matter of time before pre-cognition, divination, the power of will, & communion with the spirit world all come seeping back into society from the proverbial Pandora's box that I suspect, powerful people would rather remain closed. Well folks, these are the topics offered up on the Higherside alter today, as we welcome Dr. Dean Radin to the party as the guest of honor. Dean is the currently the Chief Scientist at the Institute of Noetic Sciences and Associated Distinguished Professor of Integral Trans-personal Psychology at the California Institute of Integral Studies. But along the way he's held appointments at AT&T Bell Labs, Princeton University, and SRI International just to name a few. For nearly 4 decades he's been at the forefront of consciousness research and along the way He's authored over 250 articles, and 3 popular books entitled The Conscious Universe, Entangled Minds, & Super-normal. He's been on dozen's of popular shows including Oprah, Larry King, and now The Higherside Chats- which we call the true trifecta around here. Coming in hot with the release of his latest book, boldly spelling it out for his colleagues in the title so there's no mistake: It's called: Real Magic: Ancient Wisdom, Modern Science, and a Guide to the Secret Power of the Universe and I'm siked to talk to him about it. Want more from our guest? Dean's webiste: http://www.deanradin.org/ Dean at the INOS: http://noetic.org/profile/dean-radin What if Dean Radin is Right? http://skepdic.com/essays/radin.html Get Real Magic: https://www.amazon.com/Real-Magic-Ancient-Science-Universe-ebook/dp/B073YZZZBL/ref=sr_1_3?s=books&ie=UTF8&qid=1512625181&sr=1-3 There's more THC for members: If you like the 1st free hour of THC, why wouldn't you like the 2nd? Sign up for $5, and get 5 extended 2 hour episodes every month, lifetime forum access, bonus shows, downloads of all the THC cover songs & more. Always action packed and ad free: TheHighersideChatsPlus.com/subscribe This episode's Plus content includes: -The way magic works in non-linear time and the data that supports that notion -The science of sigils -Developing and getting familiar with your deep mind -Nuero-feedback devices to use as training wheels -'Big C' consciousness vs 'little c' consciousness -Psychic levitating robots -Ceremonial magic and it's relationship to potency -The VooDoo doll lab test -Merlin level magicians What more from THC? Official Facebook page: facebook.com/TheHighersideChatsPodcast/ Official Facebook Group: facebook.com/groups/highersidechats/ Twitter: twitter.com/HighersideChats Youtube: youtube.com/user/TheHighersideChats/ Reddit: reddit.com/r/highersidechats/ Discord: discord.gg/rdGpKtW Review us on iTunes: itunes.apple.com/podcast/id419458838?mt And be sure to check out The Higherside Clothing: thehighersideclothing.com Also, big thanks to The Plate Scrapers for their cover of the THC theme song!

We cover an interview about Unix Architecture Evolution, another vBSDcon trip report, how to teach an old Unix about backspace, new NUMA support coming to FreeBSD, and stack pointer checking in OpenBSD. This episode was brought to you by Headlines Unix Architecture Evolution from the 1970 PDP-7 to the 2017 FreeBSD (https://fosdem.org/2018/interviews/diomidis-spinellis/) Q: Could you briefly introduce yourself? I'm a professor of software engineering, a programmer at heart, and a technology author. Currently I'm also the editor in chief of the IEEE Software magazine. I recently published the book Effective Debugging, where I detail 66 ways to debug software and systems. Q: What will your talk be about, exactly? I will describe how the architecture of the Unix operating system evolved over the past half century, starting from an unnamed system written in PDP-7 assembly language and ending with a modern FreeBSD system. My talk is based, first, on a GitHub repository where I tried to record the system's history from 1970 until today and, second, on the evolution of documented facilities (user commands, system calls, library functions) across revisions. I will thus present the early system's defining architectural features (layering, system calls, devices as files, an interpreter, and process management) and the important ones that followed in subsequent releases: the tree directory structure, user contributed code, I/O redirection, the shell as a user program, groups, pipes, scripting, and little languages. Q: Why this topic? Unix stands out as a major engineering breakthrough due to its exemplary design, its numerous technical contributions, its impact, its development model, and its widespread use. Furthermore, the design of the Unix programming environment has been characterized as one offering unusual simplicity, power, and elegance. Consequently, there are many lessons that we can learn by studying the evolution of the Unix architecture, which we can apply to the design of new systems. I often see modern systems that suffer from a bloat of architectural features and a lack of clear form on which functionality can be built. I believe that many of the modern Unix architecture defining features are excellent examples of what we should strive toward as system architects. Q: What do you hope to accomplish by giving this talk? What do you expect? I'd like FOSDEM attendees to leave the talk with their mind full with architectural features of timeless quality. I want them to realize that architectural elegance isn't derived by piling design patterns and does not need to be expensive in terms of resources. Rather, beautiful architecture can be achieved on an extremely modest scale. Furthermore, I want attendees to appreciate the importance of adopting flexible conventions rather than rigid enforcement mechanisms. Finally, I want to demonstrate through examples that the open source culture was part of Unix from its earliest days. Q: What are the most significant milestones in the development of Unix? The architectural development of Unix follows a path of continuous evolution, albeit at a slowing pace, so I don't see here the most important milestones. I would however define as significant milestones two key changes in the way Unix was developed. The first occurred in the late 1970s when significant activity shifted from a closely-knit team of researchers at the AT&T Bell Labs to the Computer Science Research Group in the University of California at Berkeley. This opened the system to academic contributions and growth through competitive research funding. The second took place in the late 1980s and the 1990s when Berkeley open-sourced the the code it had developed (by that time a large percentage of the system) and enthusiasts built on it to create complete open source operating system distributions: 386BSD, and then FreeBSD, NetBSD, OpenBSD, and others. Q: In which areas has the development of Unix stalled? The data I will show demonstrate that there were in the past some long periods where the number of C library functions and system calls remained mostly stable. Nowadays there is significant growth in the number of all documented facilities with the exception of file formats. I'm looking forward to a discussion regarding the meaning of these growth patterns in the Q&A session after the talk. Q: What are the core features that still link the 1970 PDP-7 system to the latest FreeBSD 11.1 release, almost half a century apart? Over the past half-century the Unix system has grown by four orders of magnitude from a few thousand lines of code to many millions. Nevertheless, looking at a 1970s architecture diagram and a current one reveals that the initial architectural blocks are still with us today. Furthermore, most system calls, user programs, and C library functions of that era have survived until today with essentially similar functionality. I've even found in modern FreeBSD some lines of code that have survived unchanged for 40 years. Q: Can we still add innovative changes to operating systems like FreeBSD without breaking the ‘Unix philosophy'? Will there be a moment where FreeBSD isn't recognizable anymore as a descendant of the 1970 PDP-7 system? There's a saying that “form liberates”. So having available a time-tested form for developing operating system functionality allows you to innovate in areas that matter rather than reinventing the wheel. Such concepts include having commands act as a filter, providing manual pages with a consistent structure, supplying build information in the form of a Makefile, installing files in a well-defined directory hierarchy, implementing filesystems with an standardized object-oriented interface, and packaging reusable functions as a library. Within this framework there's ample space for both incremental additions (think of jq, the JSON query command) and radical innovations (consider the Solaris-derived ZFS and dtrace functionality). For this reason I think that BSD and Linux systems will always be recognizable as direct or intellectual descendants of the 1970s Research Unix editions. Q: Have you enjoyed previous FOSDEM editions? Immensely! As an academic I need to attend many scientific conferences and meetings in order to present research results and interact with colleagues. This means too much time spent traveling and away from home, and a limited number of conferences I'm in the end able to attend. Nevertheless, attending FOSDEM is an easy decision due to the world-changing nature of its theme, the breadth of the topics presented, the participants' enthusiasm and energy, as well as the exemplary, very efficient conference organization. Another vBSDCon trip report we just found (https://www.weaponizedawesome.com/blog/?cat=53) We just got tipped about another trip report from vBSDCon, this time from one of the first time speakers: W. Dean Freeman Recently I had the honor of co-presenting on the internals of FreeBSD's Kernel RNG with John-Mark Gurney at the 3rd biennial vBSDCon, hosted in Reston, VA hosted by Verisign. I've been in and out of the FreeBSD community for about 20 years. As I've mentioned on here before, my first Unix encounter was FreeBSD 2.2.8 when I was in the 7th or 8th grade. However, for all that time I've never managed to get out to any of the cons. I've been to one or two BUG meetings and I've met some folks from IRC before, but nothing like this. A BSD conference is a very different experience than anything else out there. You have to try it, it is the only way to truly understand it. I'd also not had to do a stand-up presentation really since college before this. So, my first BSD con and my first time presenting rolled into one made for an interesting experience. See, he didn't say terrifying. It went very well. You should totally submit a talk for the next conference, even if it is your first. That said, it was amazing and invigorating experience. I got to meet a few big names in the FreeBSD community, discuss projects, ideas for FreeBSD, etc. I did seem to spend an unusual amount of time talking about FIPS and Common Criteria with folks, but to me that's a good sign and indicative that there is interest in working to close gaps between FreeBSD and the current requirements so that we can start getting FreeBSD and more BSD-based products into the government and start whittling away the domination of Linux (especially since Oracle has cut Solaris, SPARC and the ZFS storage appliance business units). There is nothing that can match the high bandwidth interchange of ideas in person. The internet has made all kinds of communication possible, and we use it all the time, but every once in a while, getting together in person is hugely valuable. Dean then went on to list some of the talks he found most valuable, including DTrace, Capsicum, bhyve, *BSD security tools, and Paul Vixie's talk about gets() I think the talk that really had the biggest impact on me, however, was Kyle Kneisl's talk on BSD community dynamics. One of the key points he asked was whether the things that drew us to the BSD community in the first place would be able to happen today. Obviously, I'm not a 12 or 13 year old kid anymore, but it really got me thinking. That, combined with getting face time with people I'd previously only known as screen names has recently drawn me back into participating in IRC and rejoining mailing lists (wdf on freenode. be on the lookout!) Then Dean covered some thoughts on his own talk: JMG and my talk seems to have been well received, with people paying lots of attention. I don't know what a typical number of questions is for one of these things, but on day one there weren't that many questions. We got about 5 during our question time and spent most of the rest of the day fielding questions from interested attendees. Getting a “great talk!” from GNN after coming down from the stage was probably one of the major highlights for me. I remember my first solo talk, and GNN asking the right question in the middle to get me to explain a part of it I had missed. It was very helpful. I think key to the interest in our presentation was that JMG did a good job framing a very complicated topic's importance in terms everyone could understand. It also helped that we got to drop some serious truth bombs. Final Thoughts: I met a lot of folks in person for the first time, and met some people I'd never known online before. It was a great community and I'm glad I got a chance to expand my network. Verisign were excellent hosts and they took good care of both speakers (covering airfare, rooms, etc.) and also conference attendees at large. The dinners that they hosted were quite good as well. I'm definitely interested in attending vBSDCon again and now that I've had a taste of meeting IRL with the community on scale of more than a handful, I have every intention of finally making it to BSDCan next year (I'd said it in 2017, but then moved to Texas for a new job and it wasn't going to be practical). This year for sure, though! Teaching an Almost 40-year Old UNIX about Backspace (https://virtuallyfun.com/2018/01/17/teaching_an_almost_40-year_old_unix_about_backspace/) Introduction I have been messing with the UNIX® operating system, Seventh Edition (commonly known as UNIX V7 or just V7) for a while now. V7 dates from 1979, so it's about 40 years old at this point. The last post was on V7/x86, but since I've run into various issues with it, I moved on to a proper installation of V7 on SIMH. The Internet has some really good resources on installing V7 in SIMH. Thus, I set out on my own journey on installing and using V7 a while ago, but that was remarkably uneventful. One convenience that I have been dearly missing since the switch from V7/x86 is a functioning backspace key. There seem to be multiple different definitions of backspace: BS, as in ASCII character 8 (010, 0x08, also represented as ^H), and DEL, as in ASCII character 127 (0177, 0x7F, also represented as ^?). V7 does not accept either for input by default. Instead, # is used as the erase character and @ is used as the kill character. These defaults have been there since UNIX V1. In fact, they have been “there” since Multics, where they got chosen seemingly arbitrarily. The erase character erases the character before it. The kill character kills (deletes) the whole line. For example, “ba##gooo#d” would be interpreted as “good” and “bad line@good line” would be interpreted as “good line”. There is some debate on whether BS or DEL is the correct character for terminals to send when the user presses the backspace key. However, most programs have settled on DEL today. tmux forces DEL, even if the terminal emulator sends BS, so simply changing my terminal to send BS was not an option. The change from the defaults outlined here to today's modern-day defaults occurred between 4.1BSD and 4.2BSD. enf on Hacker News has written a nice overview of the various conventions Getting the Diff For future generations as well as myself when I inevitably majorly break this installation of V7, I wanted to make a diff. However, my V7 is installed in SIMH. I am not a very intelligent man, I didn't keep backup copies of the files I'd changed. Getting data out of this emulated machine is an exercise in frustration. In the end, I printed everything on screen using cat(1) and copied that out. Then I performed a manual diff against the original source code tree because tabs got converted to spaces in the process. Then I applied the changes to clean copies that did have the tabs. And finally, I actually invoked diff(1). Closing Thoughts Figuring all this out took me a few days. Penetrating how the system is put together was surprisingly fairly hard at first, but then the difficulty curve eased up. It was an interesting exercise in some kind of “reverse engineering” and I definitely learned something about tty handling. I was, however, not pleased with using ed(1), even if I do know the basics. vi(1) is a blessing that I did not appreciate enough until recently. Had I also been unable to access recursive grep(1) on my host and scroll through the code, I would've probably given up. Writing UNIX under those kinds of editing conditions is an amazing feat. I have nothing but the greatest respect for software developers of those days. News Roundup New NUMA support coming to FreeBSD CURRENT (https://lists.freebsd.org/pipermail/freebsd-current/2018-January/068145.html) Hello folks, I am working on merging improved NUMA support with policy implemented by cpuset(2) over the next week. This work has been supported by Dell/EMC's Isilon product division and Netflix. You can see some discussion of these changes here: https://reviews.freebsd.org/D13403 https://reviews.freebsd.org/D13289 https://reviews.freebsd.org/D13545 The work has been done in user/jeff/numa if you want to look at svn history or experiment with the branch. It has been tested by Peter Holm on i386 and amd64 and it has been verified to work on arm at various points. We are working towards compatibility with libnuma and linux mbind. These commits will bring in improved support for NUMA in the kernel. There are new domain specific allocation functions available to kernel for UMA, malloc, kmem, and vmpage*. busdmamem consumers will automatically be placed in the correct domain, bringing automatic improvements to some device performance. cpuset will be able to constrains processes, groups of processes, jails, etc. to subsets of the system memory domains, just as it can with sets of cpus. It can set default policy for any of the above. Threads can use cpusets to set policy that specifies a subset of their visible domains. Available policies are first-touch (local in linux terms), round-robin (similar to linux interleave), and preferred. For now, the default is round-robin. You can achieve a fixed domain policy by using round-robin with a bitmask of a single domain. As the scheduler and VM become more sophisticated we may switch the default to first-touch as linux does. Currently these features are enabled with VMNUMAALLOC and MAXMEMDOM. It will eventually be NUMA/MAXMEMDOM to match SMP/MAXCPU. The current NUMA syscalls and VMNUMAALLOC code was 'experimental' and will be deprecated. numactl will continue to be supported although cpuset should be preferred going forward as it supports the full feature set of the new API. Thank you for your patience as I deal with the inevitable fallout of such sweeping changes. If you do have bugs, please file them in bugzilla, or reach out to me directly. I don't always have time to catch up on all of my mailing list mail and regretfully things slip through the cracks when they are not addressed directly to me. Thanks, Jeff Stack pointer checking – OpenBSD (https://marc.info/?l=openbsd-tech&m=151572838911297&w=2) Stefan (stefan@) and I have been working for a few months on this diff, with help from a few others. At every trap and system call, it checks if the stack-pointer is on a page that is marked MAPSTACK. execve() is changed to create such mappings for the process stack. Also, libpthread is taught the new MAPSTACK flag to use with mmap(). There is no corresponding system call which can set MAP_FLAG on an existing page, you can only set the flag by mapping new memory into place. That is a piece of the security model. The purpose of this change is to twart stack pivots, which apparently have gained some popularity in JIT ROP attacks. It makes it difficult to place the ROP stack in regular data memory, and then perform a system call from it. Workarounds are cumbersome, increasing the need for far more gadgetry. But also the trap case -- if any memory experiences a demand page fault, the same check will occur and potentially also kill the process. We have experimented a little with performing this check during device interrupts, but there are some locking concerns and performance may then become a concern. It'll be best to gain experience from handle of syncronous trap cases first. chrome and other applications I use run fine! I'm asking for some feedback to discover what ports this breaks, we'd like to know. Those would be ports which try to (unconventionally) create their stacks in malloc()'d memory or inside another Data structure. Most of them are probably easily fixed ... Qt 5.9 on FreeBSD (https://euroquis.nl/bobulate/?p=1768) Tobias and Raphael have spent the past month or so hammering on the Qt 5.9 branch, which has (finally!) landed in the official FreeBSD ports tree. This brings FreeBSD back up-to-date with current Qt releases and, more importantly, up-to-date with the Qt release KDE software is increasingly expecting. With Qt 5.9, the Elisa music player works, for instance (where it has run-time errors with Qt 5.7, even if it compiles). The KDE-FreeBSD CI system has had Qt 5.9 for some time already, but that was hand-compiled and jimmied into the system, rather than being a “proper” ports build. The new Qt version uses a new build system, which is one of the things that really slowed us down from a packaging perspective. Some modules have been reshuffled in the process. Some applications depending on Qt internal-private headers have been fixed along the way. The Telegram desktop client continues to be a pain in the butt that way. Following on from Qt 5.9 there has been some work in getting ready for Clang 6 support; in general the KDE and Qt stack is clean and modern C++, so it's more infrastructural tweaks than fixing code. Outside of our silo, I still see lots of wonky C++ code being fixed and plenty of confusion between pointers and integers and strings and chars and .. ugh. Speaking of ugh, I'm still planning to clean up Qt4 on ARM aarch64 for FreeBSD; this boils down to stealing suitable qatomic implementations from Arch Linux. For regular users of Qt applications on FreeBSD, there should be few to no changes required outside the regular upgrade cycle. For KDE Plasma users, note that development of the ports has changed branches; as we get closer to actually landing modern KDE bits, things have been renamed and reshuffled and mulled over so often that the old plasma5 branch wasn't really right anymore. The kde5-import branch is where it's at nowadays, and the instructions are the same: the x11/kde5 metaport will give you all the KDE Frameworks 5, KDE Plasma Desktop and modern KDE Applications you need. Adding IPv6 to an Nginx website on FreeBSD / FreshPorts (https://dan.langille.org/2018/01/13/adding-ipv6-to-an-nginx-website-on-freebsd-freshports/) FreshPorts recently moved to an IPv6-capable server but until today, that capability has not been utilized. There were a number of things I had to configure, but this will not necessarily be an exhaustive list for you to follow. Some steps might be missing, and it might not apply to your situation. All of this took about 3 hours. We are using: FreeBSD 11.1 Bind 9.9.11 nginx 1.12.2 Fallout I expect some monitoring fallout from this change. I suspect some of my monitoring assumes IP4 and now that IPv6 is available, I need to monitor both IP addresses. ZFS on TrueOS: Why We Love OpenZFS (https://www.trueos.org/blog/zfs-trueos-love-openzfs/) TrueOS was the first desktop operating system to fully implement the OpenZFS (Zettabyte File System or ZFS for short) enterprise file system in a stable production environment. To fully understand why we love ZFS, we will look back to the early days of TrueOS (formerly PC-BSD). The development team had been using the UFS file system in TrueOS because of its solid track record with FreeBSD-based computer systems and its ability to check file consistency with the built-in check utility fsck. However, as computing demands increased, problems began to surface. Slow fsck file verification on large file systems, slow replication speeds, and inconsistency in data integrity while using UFS logging / journaling began to hinder users. It quickly became apparent that TrueOS users would need a file system that scales with evolving enterprise storage needs, offers the best data protection, and works just as well on a hobbyist system or desktop computer. Kris Moore, the founder of the TrueOS project, first heard about OpenZFS in 2007 from chatter on the FreeBSD mailing lists. In 2008, the TrueOS development team was thrilled to learn that the FreeBSD Project had ported ZFS. At the time, ZFS was still unproven as a graphical desktop solution, but Kris saw a perfect opportunity to offer ZFS as a cutting-edge file system option in the TrueOS installer, allowing the TrueOS project to act as an indicator of how OpenZFS would fair in real-world production use. The team was blown away by the reception and quality of OpenZFS on FreeBSD-based systems. By its nature, ZFS is a copy-on-write (CoW) file system that won't move a block of data until it both writes the data and verifies its integrity. This is very different from most other file systems in use today. ZFS is able to assure that data stays consistent between writes by automatically comparing write checksums, which mitigates bit rot. ZFS also comes with native RaidZ functionality that allows for enterprise data management and redundancy without the need for expensive traditional RAID cards. ZFS snapshots allow for system configuration backups in a split-second. You read that right. TrueOS can backup or restore snapshots in less than a second using the ZFS file system. Given these advantages, the TrueOS team decided to use ZFS as its exclusive file system starting in 2013, and we haven't looked back since. ZFS offers TrueOS users the stable workstation experience they want, while simultaneously scaling to meet the increasing demands of the enterprise storage market. TrueOS users are frequently commenting on how easy it is to use ZFS snapshots with our built-in snapshot utility. This allows users the freedom to experiment with their system knowing they can restore it in seconds if anything goes wrong. If you haven't had a chance to try ZFS with TrueOS, browse to our download page and make sure to grab a copy of TrueOS. You'll be blown away by the ease of use, data protection functionality, and incredible flexibility of RaidZ. Beastie Bits Source Code Podcast Interview with Michael W Lucas (https://blather.michaelwlucas.com/archives/3099) Operating System of the Year 2017: NetBSD Third place (https://w3techs.com/blog/entry/web_technologies_of_the_year_2017) OPNsense 18.1-RC1 released (https://opnsense.org/opnsense-18-1-rc1-released/) Personal OpenBSD Wiki Notes (https://balu-wiki.readthedocs.io/en/latest/security/openbsd.html) BSD section can use some contribution (https://guide.freecodecamp.org/bsd-os/) The Third Research Edition Unix Programmer's Manual (now available in PDF) (https://github.com/dspinellis/unix-v3man) Feedback/Questions Alex - my first freebsd bug (http://dpaste.com/3DSV7BC#wrap) John - Suggested Speakers (http://dpaste.com/2QFR4MT#wrap) Todd - Two questions (http://dpaste.com/2FQ450Q#wrap) Matthew - CentOS to FreeBSD (http://dpaste.com/3KA29E0#wrap) Brian - Brian - openbsd 6.2 and enlightenment .17 (http://dpaste.com/24DYF1J#wrap) ***

“When I despair, I remember that all through history the way of truth and love has always won. There have been tyrants and murderers and for a time they seem invincible but in the end, they always fall — think of it, ALWAYS.”Mahatma GhandiToday I am pleased to offer a conversation with environmentalist, engineer and technologist Sailesh Rao, the founder and Executive Director of environmental non-profit Climate Healers.With a focus on ahimsa — the Sanskrit word for non-violence — as an essential and perhaps the most powerful response to climate change, Climate Healers promotes technological and engineering advances aimed at clean air and reforestation. Partnering with NGOs, tribal villages, and school clubs, current projects include efforts to devise an affordable and high-functioning solar powered stove to replace the traditional — and quite environmentally detrimental — wood burning stoves that proliferate across low income areas of India.An electrical engineer by training with a Ph.D. from Stanford University, Sailesh’s background in technology includes stints at both AT&T Bell Labs and Intel, where he was instrumental in developing early iterations of the internet itself.Sailesh is also the author of Carbon Dharma: The Occupation of the Butterflies*– a call to undo the planetary damage done by the human species in its present “caterpillar stage” of existence.As for palmares, Sailesh was selected as a Karmaveer Puraskaar Noble Laureate, an award presented by iCONGO (Indian Confederation of NGOs) whose primary mission is to encourage citizen action for social justice.This is a conversation about environmental preservation, the inherent and incredible power of ahimsa, the imperative of service and a reminder that each and every one of can make a positive difference in the world.Sailesh is a highly intelligent, contemplative and compassionate man devoted to making the world a better, cleaner place for us and future generations. I greatly enjoyed this conversation and applaud his advocacy and devotion to service.I sincerely hope you enjoy the exchange.Note: Apologies for publishing this episode a day late and for the brevity of this post. I am currently traveling internationally with little free time or internet access. I'm doing my best under the circumstances and appreciate the consideration. When I find the bandwidth, I may supplement this entry with additional thoughts and resources. Thanks for understanding!Peace + Plants,Listen & Subscribe on iTunes | Soundcloud | StitcherThanks to this week’s sponsor:Bonobos.com: For a limited time, all new customers can get 20% off their first order when you go to Bonobos.com/richroll to discover the difference that an expertly-crafted, better-fitting wardrobe can make.SHOW NOTESConnect With Sailesh: Facebook | TwitterTo learn more about healing the earth from the inside out, visit ClimateHealers.org See acast.com/privacy for privacy and opt-out information.

Dean Radin, PhD, has been studying advanced capacities of human consciousness for over 30 years. He is presently Chief Scientist at the Institute of Noetic Sciences and Adjunct Faculty in the Department of Psychology at Sonoma State University. He previously worked at Princeton University, University of Edinburgh (in Scotland), AT&T Bell Labs, and SRI International, where he participated in a program investigating psychic phenomena for the US government (Stargate). Dean is author or coauthor of over 200 technical and popular articles, two dozen book chapters, and three books including the award-winning The Conscious Universe (HarperOne, 1997), Entangled Minds (Simon & Schuster, 2006), and now, Supernormal (Random House, 2013). To learn more about Provocative Enlightenment Radio, go to www.provocativeenlightenment.com

Dean Radin, PhD, has been studying advanced capacities of human consciousness for over 30 years. He is presently Chief Scientist at the Institute of Noetic Sciences and Adjunct Faculty in the Department of Psychology at Sonoma State University. He previously worked at Princeton University, University of Edinburgh (in Scotland), AT&T Bell Labs, and SRI International, where he participated in a program investigating psychic phenomena for the US government (Stargate). Dean is author or coauthor of over 200 technical and popular articles, two dozen book chapters, and three books including the award-winning The Conscious Universe (HarperOne, 1997), Entangled Minds (Simon & Schuster, 2006), and now, Supernormal (Random House, 2013). To learn more about Provocative Enlightenment Radio, go to www.provocativeenlightenment.com

Audio File:  Download MP3Transcript: An Interview with Dr. Marcie Black Co-Founder & Chief Technology Officer, Bandgap Engineering Date: August 23, 2010 NCWIT Entrepreneurial Heroes [intro music] Lucy Sanders: Hi, this is Lucy Sanders. I'm the CEO of the National Center for Women and Information Technology or NCWIT and with me is Larry Nelson, w3w3.com Internet radio. Larry Nelson: Yes. Lucy: And we are very happy to be doing one in a series of interviews with women who have started IT companies and we love this series because there is so much wisdom with these entrepreneurs that everybody can benefit from. Larry: Yes, it's very exciting and we get a tremendous amount of business leaders, parents, all with different ages of people who tuned in and listen to this and we are very happy because we know that we need a lot of encouragement in this area. Lucy: Absolutely and very excited about today's interview. We are interviewing an entrepreneur who is helping the world solve our energy problems. We all know energy is a very important topic, very hot topic and the person we are interviewing today is a very impressive one. She has very impressive technical credentials with a PhD from MIT and also post doctoral work at Los Alamos laboratory. So, very, very well credentialed to take on the energy problems of the world. So, just to get right to it. We are interviewing Marcie Black who is the CTO and co-founder of Bandgap Engineering. And we are going to let her tell us a little bit about what the company does but in brief, they pioneered the development of highly tunable and inexpensive methods for nano structuring silicone and they are applying that technology to high efficiency solar cells. So, Marcie, first of all welcome and why don't you tell our listeners what this technology is all about. Marcie Black: Lucy and Larry, thank you for having me. It is a pleasure to be here. So, Bandgap Engineering is reducing the cost of solar electricity and the reason why we are doing that is there are a lot of trade-offs in producing electricity and by moving to renewable energy source, we can lessen some of those trade-offs. And solar is the only renewable energy source that has the potential of being or dominant energy supply. So, there's a couple of ways to reduce the price of solar electricity so that it is cost competitive with conventional sources. One of the ways is by reducing the cost of processing the semi conductors. But another way is increasing the efficiency of the solar cell and by increasing efficiency means that you can get more power over the same area of the solar cell. So, what Bandgap Engineering is doing is increasing the efficiency of the solar cell while keeping the cost per area constant. And that effectively will bring down the cost of electricity from solar energy making it cost competitive with other conventional energy sources. And as you mentioned the way that we are increasing the efficiency is by nano engineering silicone so that it's a better converter of energy from optical energy to electrical energy. Lucy: Wow. Larry: Yeah. Lucy: Now, see, I just write softwares. I'm pretty impressed. Larry: No small thing. Lucy: It is very important and it is a young company, isn't it Marcie? Marcie: Yeah, we are about three years old. Lucy: Awesome. So, how did you first get into technology? You obviously love technology and I think our listeners would be very curious to know how you first became interested in it and besides, the nano technology which you are using today, other technology that you see are especially important. Marcie: Yeah like many engineers. I've emerged from very early on. So, I remember when I was very young, my father who was also an engineer would take me to the basement and we'll build electronic circuits and radios and do all kind of cool, crazy stuff in the basement. But when I got older, I didn't explore. At AT&T Bell Labs and what that was I call that branch of boy scouts and we were able to go into AT&T and basically, play with other toys. So, play with their softwares, computers and play with some of their electronic stuff. And that I really developed a love for understanding how things work and using that knowledge to build something from it. I say that's my first exposure to technology. And as far as what technologies I think are cool, for me what's cool is the applications. So I get very excited when a technology comes out that has the chance of really improving the world. And I think that right now we're at a very critical point in history where there's a lot of technologies that are coming out that will help us live in balance with the world around us. And I find that very exciting. So it's not just renewable energy. But for example, I read about some technologies that can take salt water and turn it into fresh drinking water without using very much electricity to do it. And I find that very exciting. Also a lot of the work with the Smart Grid I find very interesting. So right now it costs a lot more money to produce electricity when all of your neighbors are using electricity, but it doesn't cost very much to produce it in the middle of the night when no one's using it. So a lot of the technologies out there are to help levelize that load, which is good for conventional energy sources but is also good for renewables as well. And there's also a lot of battery technology out there that I find very interesting and has the potential of being storage for the national grid. So I like looking at how all the pieces of the puzzle fit together, and seeing how this critical time in history is going to unfold to the point that we are burning less coal and living more in harmony with our surroundings. So I find that very exciting. Lucy: Well and we do too. We just interviewed the CTO of WiTricity, wireless electricity. And that was just fascinating. That whole area is so interesting. Larry: It sure is. Now Marcie, here you are a "nerd." You've been with some magnificent companies, from Lucent and AT&T and all, and certainly a crossover with Lucy's background also. But why are you an entrepreneur and what is it about you that makes this entrepreneur tick? Marcie: I never woke up and said, "I think I want to be an entrepreneur." For me it was more about how to best get technology into the marketplace. And so I worked in government labs, and academia, and big industry. And they all have a piece in the puzzle. But I think if you are really driven by taking an idea, and making a product out of it, and getting it into the consumers' hands, I think the fastest way to do that is in a small company. And so for me that's part of what makes me interested in being an entrepreneur. I also really enjoy in a small company the team atmosphere. And how everyone is working together to make the company move foreword and helping each other just to make it work. I find that very motivating in doing a small company. Lucy: Well we almost have to work together. Larry: Yes, you bet... Marcie: Right, right. Otherwise the company won't succeed. Lucy: Absolutely. It is true. We were just reading... I forget where it was that a lot of the smaller companies now are where real innovation is going on. The adaptation of ideas and so forth, that's where a lot of the job creation is right now as well. So it is an interesting time in start-ups. So along the way you mentioned that you had had this time with Lucent and time with Bell Labs where you could be in the labs and tinker with things. And that your father encouraged you from an early age. Who else has encouraged you in this path? Being a technologist, of taking risks, and being an entrepreneur? Marcie: That's a good question. I felt very fortunate to have had so many people really help me throughout my career at different times. So when I was young I mentioned my father introduced me to the love of science and engineering. And later on a lot of my professors really taught me how to think critically and understand technological problems. And into my Ph.D. my advisor was Professor Millie Dresselhaus, and she taught me. She's a very hard worker. She works all the time. And that taught me the value of a strong work ethic. And throughout my career there have been other people. Like now there are quite a few people including my board members and other mentors that help me on how to learn the new set of skills that you need to know when you're starting a business. So I can't really pin down one person. There's been a whole bunch of people that have been very nice to help me out throughout they years. Larry: You've done lots of very interesting things, and I would like to ask the question: What is the toughest thing that you've had to do during your career? Lucy: [laughs] There's been a lot of things that have been tough throughout my career, but I have to say the most difficult is probably starting Bandgap, because there are so many aspects that have to come together in order to make a company successful. So, when you're doing research, you have to get the technology right, and the engineering right. But, in a small company, you also have to get the IP right, and the culture right, and set up a good infrastructure in the company. There are million different things to think about, that all have to come into play in order for the company to be successful. So I find that both challenging and rewarding at the same time, but it's definitely the most challenging part of my career so far. Lucy: I have a follow up question to that. We don't really interview many cheap technology officers; we will interview founders or CEOs. So, our listeners may want to know, what is the role of a CTO in a startup company? How would you describe what you do in Bandgap? Marcie: I think it's funny because I've been talking to a lot of my other CTO founder friends, and what we've decided is that the title really doesn't mean much. It basically means you do what needs to be done to make the company successful. So, different people end up doing very different jobs with the same title. So, some people are in the labs, working side-by-side with their people, and other people are filing patents and writing grants. And other people are doing all of the above. So, I think it depends on the company and what the company needs, as well as what the CTO founder wants to do. Larry: Good point. Lucy: Great answer. I think that the role of CTO is pretty broad in a lot of companies. And I think it's really good advice hidden in what you just said: don't get hung up on the title. When you're in a startup company, everybody's there to row the boat and it doesn't really matter what they're doing, as long as the boat's moving forward. If you were talking to a young person about being an entrepreneur, what other advice would you give them? Marcie: I wouldn't advise people specifically to be an entrepreneur, even though I love it. What I'd advise them to do is, really figure out what drives them. And I think, don't take this the wrong way, but if what drives them is making money or having proceeds, it's probably not the best route for them. [laughter] But, if what drives them is, for example, bringing technology to the market and trying to make the world a better place through their technology, then I would advise them to become entrepreneurs. Once they decide to become an entrepreneur, my biggest advice is to follow your passion and do what you enjoy and what you really believe in. Because if you believe in something and you work hard at it, you're much more likely to be successful. Lucy: So, let me rephrase the question just a little bit, then, and ask you: how would you interest a young person in pursuing technology today? What would you say to them that might hook them to get that interest? Marcie: Well I did technology simply because it was fun. Lucy: Yeah. [laughter] Marcie: But then, as you know, I worked on it more, I got good at it and then it made sense for me that I stay in technology. So, I guess I would probably invite them to a lab and play in lab with them, so they could see how much fun it was. Lucy: It is a great deal of fun. I'll come! [laughter] Larry: There you go. I'm there. Lucy: I'm there. Larry: What are some of the characteristics that have given you the advantage of being an entrepreneur? Marcie: That's a good one. I've noticed that all the successful entrepreneurs I know are very optimistic, and I am definitely optimistic, as well. But you can't be blindly optimistic; you have to be what I call "realistic optimist". You can't have your blinders on, but you do have to be able to see a way that the company can be successful, and arrange it so all the parts fall into place, so that task remains clear and you can move forward down that path. So I say optimism. Also persistence and work ethic are also very important and seem to be consistent among the successful entrepreneurs that I've met. Larry: Marcie, thank you very much for that. I agree 100 percent. Marcie: Are you optimistic and working hard? Larry: You got it. Lucy: Larry's an entrepreneur too. Many times over, we're both insane about entrepreneurship. So, we totally get it. Larry: Well, I only heard the word insane, but that's OK. Lucy: That's OK too. So it is hard work to be an entrepreneur and you do need to have passion and you need to be motivated, I think, truly by bringing innovation out into the world. And yet entrepreneurs do have personal lives and struggle sometimes to bring balance between the professional and the personal lives. What do you do to attend to this issue? Marcie: It's a tough one. I think what allows me to be able to do both, is that I really enjoy both my jobs. When I say both my jobs, my other job is I'm a mom. I have two wonderful children. And so I go to work and I love my job. And then I come home and I'm with my kids and I really love being their mom as well. And so, that makes it a lot easier and allows me to work many more hours because it reenergizes me. Lucy: That's exactly right, I feel. I mean I honestly think that where I saw young parents who were struggling a lot between, with this balance issue, it was when work had become tedious. Larry: Right. Lucy: And they had to give up a lot. They had to give up being with their children for a job that they didn't find fulfilling. And so this notion that you need to be in love with both of them, I think is very sage wisdom. Larry: Yes. We love all five of our children too. Marcie: Yeah. And I guess I feel fortunate that I've managed to get a job that I really love. Larry: That's great. Lucy: I somehow think that you're always going to have jobs you really love. Larry: I think so too. Lucy: I think so too. Larry: Now, you've already achieved a great deal. And I realize your company today is only three years old. But what's next for you? Marcie: I won't be happy with what I've achieved until our cells have replaced the coal plant. So, I guess the first answer to that is to build Bandgap up to the point that we're producing a significant amount of solar energy that is making an impact on our electricity production. And it's not just building a big company. I want to build a company that obviously makes money and impacts the world. But also, at the same time, I'm hoping to build a culture where people can grow professionally at the company. Where they can come and contribute, but also improve themselves as well. So when I do that, then I'll feel like I've had a successful career. And then probably the next thing that I would accomplish is traveling all over the world. Larry: Ah-ha. Lucy: Ah. Where do you want to go? Marcie: Oh. I would love to go to Africa. And like Egypt and yeah, many places actually. I very much enjoy the music of Africa and would love to go visit it. Lucy: Wow. I've never been there. Plus I know you're in Boulder, Colorado. We have a coal plant that you could replace. Larry: Yes. That's right. Lucy: And we could turn it into a shopping mall. Marcie: That would be great. Lucy: It's rather unsightly. Larry: It's not Africa here but it is Boulder, so maybe we could get you here. Lucy: We'll introduce you and maybe you could talk them out of their coal plant. That would be awesome. Larry: Yeah. Lucy: Thank you so much for talking to us Marcie. And you have a great company with a great mission and a great background. And we didn't even get into your background around your authorship and journals and patents. You're truly a technical expert in this area and I know your company's going to succeed. So, thank you so much for talking to us. Marcie: Thank you for having me. I really appreciate it. Larry: Yes. And we're going to follow up on you, so be careful. Lucy: Oh, and you have to remind people where they're going to find this. Larry: Oh yes. You can also listen to this interview 24/7 at w3w3 dot com and the NCWIT channel. And you can download it as a podcast. We'll make sure we have it on the blog. And Marcy, thank you so much. Lucy: Thanks Marcie. Marcie: Thank you. [music] Series: Entrepreneurial HeroesInterviewee: Marcie BlackInterview Summary: The mission statement on Bandgap Engineering's website says nearly everything you might want to know about what drives its co-founder and CTO, Marcie Black: "Our motivations are many and varied. We want to mitigate the impact of humans on climate change and ease the global political tensions caused by competition for scarce fossil fuels. As parents we are inspired to leave the world a better place for our children and their children. As entrepreneurs we love the thrill of a startup and think our technology represents a very, very good business opportunity. As scientists and engineers we are motivated to tackle difficult and very meaningful technical challenges." Release Date: August 23, 2010Interview Subject: Marcie BlackInterviewer(s): Lucy Sanders, Larry NelsonDuration: 18:04

Audio File:  Download MP3Transcript: An Interview with Carol Realini CEO and Founder, Obopay Date: April 7, 2009 Carol Realini: Obopay [intro] Lucy Sanders: Hi, this is Lucy Sanders. I'm the CEO for the National Center for Women and Information Technology, or NCWIT, and this is one in a series of interviews with fantastic entrepreneurs, women who have started IT companies. With me is Larry Nelson, w3w3.com. Larry, how are you? Larry Nelson: Absolutely magnificent, kind of jittery a little bit. We just launched our Internet TV show, so things are going good. Lucy: And the name of the Internet TV show is... Larry: "Colorado Rising." Lucy: So everybody, be careful, he's after you for not just audio interviews now but live TV as well. Larry: You bet. Lucy: With us today we have Carol Realini. She's the founder and CEO of Obopay, and before that a very distinguished career in a number of high tech companies including Cordiant. Obopay is the first truly comprehensive mobile payment service in the United States, and it's really cool. You go on the website and you can basically send money to your kids. If you're kids, you can get money. I'm trying to figure out how to get my parents to do this for me even now. Larry: Yeah, I've got five kids. I appreciate that. Lucy: [laughs] And we're really happy to talk to Carol. Welcome, Carol. Carol Realini: Thank you. Happy to talk to you guys. Lucy: Oh, great. Why don't you tell us a bit about Obopay. It's a great company and it has a wonderful value proposition. Carol: Absolutely. First, I just want to say I assume you are all in Colorado today. And I'm a longtime San Francisco-born Californian, born and raised here. But I spent five years living outside of California and that was living in Colorado, and I love Colorado. Lucy: Well any time you want to come visit us. [laughter] Larry: That's a deal. Carol: Absolutely. Lucy: That's a deal. Carol: I love Colorado. So let me just give you a little background on myself, and then I'll talk about the founding of Obopay and what we do and a little bit about the company. I am a four-time entrepreneur, so this is my fourth company from the ground up. Lucy: Wow. Carol: First one, I wasn't the founder but I was a very early employee at Legato, which became a very large storage management software company which was bought by EMC. That company went public and then was bought. The next company, I was the founder of a consulting company that focused in the early '90s on helping people migrate to distributed computing. And this was when big companies around the world were trying to figure out how to leverage the client server and PC technology that was emerging. And then the next company was Cordiant Software, and I founded that and raised the venture capital for that company and was the CEO until just before the company went public. And it went public in 2000 and is still a public company. And then I retired from that and thought I wasn't ever going to work again. I'd had a fantastic career in technology, really started in the mid-'70s when it was really about mainframe. And I retired thinking I would never work again, and actually moved to Colorado and ended up getting involved in some nonprofits which were focused on fostering entrepreneurship in developing countries around the world. As a result of that, I was traveling in places I would have never normally traveled, places in rural Africa, rural Latin America, and was quite taken in 2002 with the number of mobile phones that I would see in very far away places where there was no electricity, no clean water. You would find that there was a growing number of people that had mobile phones. And this is the year 2002 when there was about a billion phones on the planet. And since my last three companies had really focused on financial service software primarily, and I had spent a lot of my time in the financial services industry building software from the biggest financial service companies in the world, I ended up starting to think about, well if there are mobile phones in all these places, maybe we could use those mobile phones to start delivering financial services to everybody with a mobile phone. It was a real simple idea, but it was exciting for me to think about the possibility that someday most people would have mobile phones, and those mobile phones could then bring convenience and access to banking like we've never seen before. So that idea got under my skin and by 2004, late 2004, early 2005, I funded some research where we went around the world and looked at some of the very early implementations of mobile payments and mobile banking. And once the research report was done, the way I think about it and this is the way it happened, when I started the research report, my career was behind me. When I finished the research report, my career was in front of me. Lucy: That's great. Larry: Yeah. Carol: Yeah. And I decided I just had to come back to work and use all my experience as an entrepreneur and technologist to build a company to deliver mobile payments and mobile banking to every mobile phone. So that was 2005, and I've worked almost every day since I made that decision. And I'm sitting in my office in Redwood City where I spend a lot of my time now. And the company is about 150 people now. And we are operating the service in the US and India, and we're in the planning stages to rolling it out in Africa and in Europe. And we get a call almost everyday from different parts of the world saying when can Obopay think about coming to this country or that country. Lucy: How did you choose the name for the company, Carol? Carol: The big idea is everybody with a mobile phone will get access to payment services and banking services through their mobile phone. And if you think about that, it's such a big idea because if you look at traditional banking, it serves let's say a billion and a half people on the planet, whereas already there are over four billion mobile phones. And so you can imagine that the people that have bank accounts and have mobile phones can benefit from it. But there are also a lot of people that don't get access to banking that will now have it because they have a mobile phone and there's a ways for these services to be offered to those people. In addition, people are still using a lot of cash, right, and sometimes checks. And my belief is that mobile payments and mobile banking will eliminate cash from use. And it's such a big idea if you think about it. About $7 trillion of transactions a year are done in cash still today. And I believe that in the future we won't be using cash, we'll be doing electronic transactions between mobile phones. For that reason, when we looked to name the company we said, wow do we relate to this big idea that someday this will replace cash? And we found that obol, O-B-O-L, is a greek coin that has been obsolete maybe a thousand years. And so we took an obsolete coin as a concept that we put in our company name. Lucy: That's fascinating, and the story of the company is interesting as well. And I would love to follow up with you because I think that the people here at the Atlas Institute at the University of Colorado - Boulder, they're starting an ITC4D program here. So they would probably be interested in having you speak. So that's really interesting. And you've been a technologist for a long time and our first question centers around that. How did you first get into technology? And as a technologist, what are the technologies you see as being especially interesting today? Carol: I first got into technology in the mid-'70s. I was a mathematician and I was teaching math at a local university, and found the computer science department and decided in my spare time to get a computer science advanced degree. It was a natural transition for me. I was doing math because I was good at it and I loved it but it wasn't my passion. But once I got involved in computers I got very passionate about computers and specifically software. So that's how I got into technology. And you know in the mid-'70s, Silicon Valley was a very small community, so a lot of my professors worked at IBM or Hewlett Packard. Once I started taking classes from these folks it was just very easy to understand what was going on in the industry and I very quickly opted in. And matter of fact, I ended up leaving my teaching position and starting work six months before I finished my degree. Larry: Oh, good. Well you've had a chance to work for others and the nonprofit experience you had, why are you an entrepreneur and what is it about entrepreneurship that makes you tick? Carol: I started my career as a typical software engineer and ended up starting to get into management. And I was quite successful in management positions. Something happened to me about six years into my career. I thought when I was working for this big company that my aspiration was to be an executive at a company like that, but I got involved in a project almost by accident. It was an entrepreneurial project within a big company, and it changed me. The company I worked for, which was a hardware company - it's called Amdol - decided they wanted to do a commercial product based on UNIX. Because UNIX was just an internal AT&T Bell Labs technology, and I negotiated the first commercial license for UNIX. And we ended up building the operating system and then providing it as a high-end version of UNIX out into the marketplace. And this all happened very quickly, it was very entrepreneurial, they were a handful of people in a big company and we built a whole business around this new operating system that we built. It was amazing. People would tell us "You'll never get this done," that nobody would ever buy it. And so I got involved in that and I saw about 15 people. We moved a mountain just by saying we we're going to do this. And I had that experience and I said, wow, I really love doing this and I'm good at it. I got a taste of it from that and then, once the project got mature and was mainstreamed, I decided that I couldn't go back into the mainstream, I had to go be an entrepreneur. I left and then I went to work at a company that was just about to go public, which was a database company - I think of that as my transition job. And then I got a phone call about 18 months after that, where somebody asked me to do a company from the ground. So that's how I got into it. I think that I had it in my blood, in my desire. I'm not sure if I would have been an entrepreneur if I hadn't had the early experience of how powerful it is. Also, I managed my career even before I left this big company, I had experience in marketing and sales. When you're an entrepreneur, you have to wear a lot of hats. You especially have to wear a sales hat. You have to go out and get the initial customers, you have to go out and get the initial founders or employees to work with you, you have to get the original investors. That is a sales job. And so somehow I've been able to over the years be quite successful at evangelizing new ideas and bringing on employees and customers and venture capital. And that's been something that I'm just good at and I love to do. Lucy: Well you know those are all UNIX projects. I'm from Bell Labs and we were probably one of your Amdol customers. [laughs] Those were fun times for sure, and it does sound like you have entrepreneurship in your blood. In terms of who influenced you, can you look back - you had an experience that influenced you at Amdol, and another experience at the database company - were there particular people or mentors along the way that influenced you? Carol: Yeah, I think there were. I was aware of what some other people were doing, so I think I was inspired by some of these early entrepreneurs. Famous ones, like Bill Gates and Judy Estrin. Or fhe less famous ones, just people I knew in Silicon Valley - I was inspired by those people. So I think, one thing that happened to me when I ended up becoming an entrepreneur -- if you had met me before I took my first CEO job, you would have said "Well, this woman..." Lone Ranger, I used to call myself. I would take on projects and I would do them, and I would have people working for me, but I didn't need any help. That was my attitude. When I started my first company that was venture-backed, for some reason I decided that I needed to change my style. I said, you know, I need help, because I've never done this before. And raising venture capital seems really hard, building a company from the ground up. I've kind of been involved in it in kind of different ways, but this seemed a really big task. So I decided to change my style and ask for help. I'd been around for a long time so I knew a lot of people, but I had actually never asked anyone for help, never in my entire career. And so when I wrote my first business plan for Cordiant, which is where I first raised venture capital, I sent the business plan to 50 people I knew, who had either raised venture capital or would know how to do it. And what was so interesting about that is that I've never asked for help before, and people were so honored that I had reached out to them for help, I got this wave of help from all these really great CEOs or venture capitalists. And that was the reason I'm here today. It was actually because I figured out that it wasn't just about me doing something. Being an entrepreneur and having a big idea, you need a lot of help. So when I reached out to these people, a lot of those folks became mentors to me and became advisers to me. And I remember, when I was raising my first round of funding, I said, look, if I'm successful at this -- and I thought this is the hardest thing I've ever done, If I'm successful, I'm going to help other people do this. You know, over the years, I've turned around and done the same thing for other folks and helped other people who were trying to raise venture capital or start companies. And something I really like to do is give back, because it was so important to me to have those experienced people help me. Larry: Wow. Carol, you know you have a number of happy, successful stories, but I'd like to ask another kind of question. If you were to pick the one, single time - I'm sure you had challenges along the way - but one, single toughest decision that you had to make in your career. Carol: Business decisions? Larry: Yeah, business-related. Carol: I'll tell you, there's a lot of tough decisions you make every day. I mean, when you're an entrepreneur, it's important to figure out what you can't do, or what you shouldn't do right now. I think one thing is, at big companies you might have the luxury to do most of the things you think are the right things to do. But in a small company, an emerging company, a new company, you have to choose every day what is it I have to do now, and what is it I can afford to do right now? And you have to make that decision every day, and people come to you and they lobby, or customers come to you. And you just have to be good at prioritizing and saying no. And that is a tough decision, but I can't point out one time I said no. It's just that every day, you have to learn to say no. Larry: OK. Carol: Hire this person, go after this opportunity. So that's sort of the tougher part, the tough decisions I make. Probably some of the more challenging business decisions were really around timing of expansion. Larry: Ah. Carol: So if you think about it, Cordiant wouldn't be where it is today if it hadn't made a decision to, very early on in the company's evolution, to expand into Europe. So they made a decision while they were in the US market for six months, they decided to go to Europe. And that was a tough decision to make because it was an expensive decision. But it turned out to be a very good decision. Hard to execute on, but a really important strategic move. Obopay has made that same decision. From the beginning, we decided that, to accomplish what we wanted to accomplish, which is deliver financial services to every mobile phone, we had to be willing to build a service that could work in places like the US, as well as India. And the only way to really know that is to build it from the beginning with that in mind, and then go to those markets and prove that it worked in both markets. That was a very tough decision to make because it's a very expensive decision, and it requires the ability to execute on two different markets. Lucy: You've given us a lot of pointers that would be helpful to people who are considering being entrepreneurs. For example, you said it became important to you to ask for help. I think you said, "Get to like sales," you know, and, "Learn how to prioritize and learn to say no." And I think the story about expansion into Europe is an indicator as well of taking educated risks and getting out there and really growing the company. What other advice would you give a young person who's considering being an entrepreneur? Carol: I think you can't learn to be an entrepreneur in a classroom. So I think you have to be willing to take jobs that help you build skills and experience so that you're able to be an entrepreneur and be good at it. You know, some people come out of school, like I was reading about the founder of Facebook, I mean, phenomenal story. He's 24 years old and he founded Facebook. I mean, that's incredible, but a lot of entrepreneurs don't get there that way. They end up having jobs that give them good skills and experience that prepare them to be an entrepreneur. So unless you're like the Facebook founder, I suggest you think about, "OK. What's the next job I could take in the company I'm at or in a different company that will help me get skills and experience I need to be an entrepreneur." So for example, let's say you're not good at strategic stuff, which is like what you need to be good at to raise venture capital, what you need to be good at to go out and get your first set of business partners in your business. If that's true and you're not good at it, you should get a job in an opportunity where you figure out how to be good at that, where you're tested, where you're trained, where you have to do it, because that's going to help you build the competency that you need and better prepare you to be an entrepreneur. I want to say one other thing about that. I knew in my heart I wanted to be an entrepreneur, and I remember one time I tried to get a sales job at a company. I won't mention which company, but I tried to get a job being a sales person, because I kind of knew I needed to be better at this. And I remember the person I went to who liked me a lot, said, "Oh, well, you're a girl. Nobody's going to buy a million dollar product from you." [laughter] Lucy: I'm sorry. Larry: Yeah. Carol: But, you know, at the time that was their point of view. But I remember thinking, "You know what, that is not going to stop me. That's this person." Lucy: Absolutely. Carol: And, you know, it may have been conventional wisdom that a girl couldn't do this job, but it didn't faze me at all, and I said, "Oh, OK. That's your opinion. I better go find my sales opportunity someplace else." And I think you have to have that in your DNA to be an entrepreneur. You have to be the kind of person that has the kind of vision and direction and drive that when some obstacle gets in front of you, it's not that it's not real, but you figure out how to manage beyond that obstacle. Lucy: Absolutely, being relentless. Larry: Relentless. Lucy: We've heard that a lot, relentless, persistent. Carol: Yeah. Larry: Yeah. Lucy: Yeah, resourceful. Carol: The other thing I was going to say about building the expertise to be an entrepreneur, I have two other things to say about that. You can never be everything. You can't be all things to all people. There's some things that maybe the perfect entrepreneur would do that I'm not good at. So you also need to understand where your limitations are and surround yourself with a team that collectively has the skills to pull off the business. So you're not going to ever be all things to all people. There are some things you have to be able to do, like raise venture capital, but there are some other things your team may be able to do for you, and you don't have to do it yourself. The other thing that I would say, and one thing I like to say to the people who want to be entrepreneurs and go out and raise money, especially raising money. I said, "If you think about being entrepreneurs, don't think about success being raising money." Because let's imagine you're going to be successful raising money. Success is when you get the money and you've got the company, that you're successful with the company. You have to think less about sort of the, "Oh, I can get a VC to fund me," and more, "I can get the capital I need to build the company I need to build, " and it's a different mindset. And you have to have the mindset of, I not only have to be able to raise the venture capital, I have to be the kind of leader that once I have it I can build the company. So you kind of raise the bar for yourself and what you think you have to be able to do to build the company. You have to raise capital, and you have to make that capital turn it into a successful business. Larry: Carol, with all the things that you're doing and you're at the office right now, how do you bring balance to your life, both personally and professionally? Carol: I don't think I have a balanced life. [laughter] Lucy: Yeah, we're heard that before too. Yeah. Carol: But I don't know, you know, I think about that I have three children, and I love them and they're all successful. They're grown. They're in their twenties. I love them. I don't see them as much as I want to, don't spend as much time with them as I would like. I have a husband who I've been married to for almost 30 years. I love the outdoors. I'm very athletic. But the fact is when I'm doing this I would say that I don't have the kind of balance that would be the perfect balance, and I just accept that. That's the job. The job is to have a little bit of struggle with balance, because the job is going to be really, really demanding, and I've accepted that. I had five years off, six years off where I was able to spend as much time as I wanted with my kids and my husband. And I biked and hiked and skied 60 days a year. That was fabulous too, but, you know, there's nothing like building a company from the ground up. Lucy: And that's the case, and we've heard that from some of our other interviewees as well, that it's more of an integrative thing. You know, that you have all these interests and you integrate them, but it's not like every day is balanced. Larry: Right. Lucy: That's really interesting. So, Carol, you've done so much. You're a global visionary. You give back. I wanted to mention to listeners as well that Carol was on the board at the Anita Borg Institute, which is one of the co-founding organizations of NCWIT, really focused on women and innovation and computing. And you mentioned earlier that it's important for you to give back. So across the board you've done some pretty phenomenal things. What's next for you? Carol: No, I am very passionate about entrepreneurship, so wherever possible I support entrepreneurs, either through my own time or through donating to organizations that support entrepreneurs. I'm passionate about education. There are places in the world where children don't get access to free education, places like Uganda or a lot of places I go in the world. And so my husband and I both donate a lot to programs that get the kids that are left out of the education system access to education. So we do that and that's something we do on an ongoing basis. You know, I'm kind of doing Obopay full-time. It's interesting. I was on boards when I started Obopay, and I got off all of them. And I did that because I just felt like for an early stage company I didn't have the luxury of having time to be a good board member for them, but I think for the next couple years, I'm pretty much full-time doing this. But I don't have a lot of bandwidth to do other things right now. When this period is over for me, I don't know what's next for me and I'm not worried about it, because I love so many things. I have so many hobbies, so many interests, I'm not worried about what comes next. I'm not a worrier anyway. I'm just dedicated to doing this now, and I know when I'm doing this that they'll be something else great for me to do. Larry: Well, I couldn't agree more, yeah. Carol: Oh, that's another word for entrepreneurship, fearless. Larry: There we go. Carol: There you go. Larry: Well, Carol, I want to thank you for joining us today. Carol: Oh, you're welcome. Larry: And we'll put your link up in the website. That's Obopay.com, but we'll put it up on NCWIT's website. That's ncwit.org, and also at w3w3.com. And by the way, I want to say this to the listeners. Pass this interview along to others that you know would learn from it and would enjoy an interview on this kind of a topic. Thank you much, Carol. Lucy: Thanks, Carol. Carol: Thanks, bye. Lucy: All right. Thanks everybody. [music] Transcription by CastingWords Series: Entrepreneurial HeroesInterviewee: Carol RealiniInterview Summary: Carol Realini is an imaginative pioneer whose foresight and business acumen have changed the landscape of technology, and whose global vision is providing hope and a future for people in developing countries. Release Date: April 7, 2009Interview Subject: Carol RealiniInterviewer(s): Lucy Sanders, Larry NelsonDuration: 24:49

Audio File:  Download MP3Transcript: An Interview with Lucy Sanders CEO and Co-founder, NCWIT Date: June 4, 2007 NCWIT Interview with Lucy Sanders BIO: Lucy Sanders is CEO and Co-founder of the National Center for Women & Information Technology and also serves as Executive-in-Residence for the ATLAS Institute at the University of Colorado at Boulder. She has an extensive industry background, having worked in R&D and executive positions at AT&T Bell Labs, Lucent Bell Labs, and Avaya Labs for over 20 years, where she specialized in systems-level software and solutions (multi-media communication and customer relationship management.) In 1996, Lucy was awarded the Bell Labs Fellow Award, the highest technical accomplishment bestowed at the company, and she has six patents in the communications technology area. Lucy serves on several boards, including the Mathematical Sciences Research Institute (MSRI) Board of Trustees at the University of California at Berkeley; the Engineering Advisory Council at the University of Colorado at Boulder; the Denver Public Schools Computer Magnet Advisory Board; the Advisory Board for the Women's College Applied Computing Program at the University of Denver; and several corporate boards. In 2004 Lucy was awarded the Distinguished Alumni Award from the Department of Engineering at CU. Lucy also is Conference Chair for the 2007 Grace Hopper Conference, having served as Program Chair for the conference in 2006. She is currently serving on the Information Technology Research and Development Ecosystem Commission for the National Academies. Lucy received her B.S. and M.S. in Computer Science from Louisiana State University and the University of Colorado at Boulder, respectively. Larry: This is Larry Nelson, and I am so pleased that I'm a part of helping get this new campaign kicked off. We have with us today Lucinda Sanders. Lucinda is the CEO and co‑founder of NCWIT, here at the University of Colorado. Welcome to the show, Lucinda. Lucy: Thank you Larry. You can just call me Lucy if you'd like. Larry: Oh, I'd love the more comfortable. All right. Lucy: All right. Larry: Now this is the real kick‑off for the NCWIT Entrepreneurial Interview series. So we are just getting this kicked off. And Lucinda, you have such an interesting background. We'll get into some of that. We are going to take a closer look at what this series is really all about. I'm very excited. Let me ask this question. It's a basic, but a very important question. How did you first get involved with technology? Lucy: I first got involved in technology by learning to program computers when I was in college. From there, once you learn how computers worked and I got a computer science degree and out into industry and started to see how you could use technology and computing to solve real world problems for people. And so I would say I really came at it from a very traditional way, through the education path, and on through getting a graduate degree in computer science as well. Larry: Let me take a quick leap here. What technology today do you think is really cool? Lucy: Well, I really like radio tags. You know RFIDs? I think that technology ‑ first of all, it's very difficult, not the radio tag itself, but dealing with all the data that radio tags can potentially send when they pass readers. And so, the use of those and not just basic inventory systems, but for example, you could use such a radio tag on frozen food and then it has a recipe on it that can talk to your microwave oven and then cook the food automatically when you put the food in the microwave oven. Your radio tags can be used for lots and lots of things ‑ and fairly creative things as well. Larry: That really is cool. Now, Lucy, in this series we are going to be interviewing a number of entrepreneurs. But also, we want to take a look at the entrepreneurial aspect, because you are a Bell Labs Fellow. Let's see if we can take a look at that. How do you operate as an entrepreneur as well as what got you involved with that? Lucy: Well, inside Bell labs, I was always working on the leading edge projects and in fact, inside big companies like Bell labs or AT&T or Lucent, its often the case that small teams form that are a lot like entrepreneurial companies. Now they don't have to go out and raise capital. You don't necessarily have venture capitalists, but they do have to attract budget within the company to move the product ahead. And they frequently have small teams, really too small teams to get the product done. And they really are in many ways, entrepreneurial in nature. So, I always had those kinds of projects. For example, working on the very first risk‑based processing PBX system and operating system; all the way though Internet commerce and working on voice over IP and multimedia collaboration systems. I always gravitated toward those types of projects. I've loved them. I love them still and in fact, NCWIT is almost like that kind of a start up project. Larry: Yes, it is. Lucy: Its entrepreneurial, its socially entrepreneurial, but those kinds of projects where you don't know the answers, where it's not routine operational or maintenance, where you really are creating something from nothing and using the creative talent of people, I think, is what really excites me about that. Larry: That's one of the interesting aspects. Many people who are hearing about NCWIT for the first time, could you give us just a little overview about what it is? Lucy: Sure. NCWIT stands for the National Center for Women and Information Technology. We are really focused on getting more girls and women into information technology in its broadest sense ‑ into use of computing for all types of applications. We really work across the whole pipeline, K‑12 through entrepreneurial careers, which is one reason why we're so excited to be sponsoring this interview series with really fabulous women and IT entrepreneurs. Larry: Yes, we are really looking forward to it. I've seen the list and it's fantastic. Let me see if I could just dig a little bit deeper here, Lucy. What is one of the toughest things that you have had to face in your career? Lucy: Well, probably one of the saddest, I would say tough times was downsizing the team or shutting a location. We went through periods of time where we would buy companies and integrate them, integrate the technology, and integrate the teams. Sometimes you had to make the tough choices about which locations needed to be shut down and people had to be laid off or let go. That's always tough. You lose a lot of sleep over that kind of a decision. It's in the best interest for the business and yet from an individual's perspective, it's certainly quite difficult. Whenever I face that, I really try hard to do the right thing, find people jobs, make sure they could transfer other places or that in the local economy there were places that could take them as well. So, when we did have to face that kind of decision, we did it with as much grace and humanity as we could. But that's easily one of the toughest things that I've ever had to do. Larry: You know, one of the things that if you talk to any really IT pro or an IT one of those people who are really out there, the word mentor or role model comes up all the time. Who are some of the people in your career that influenced you? Lucy: Well, one person who influenced me that I've never met, but I modeled myself after him to some degree because he was the very first chief technology officer I have ever seen, ever heard about using that title and that was Eric Schmidt when he was at Sun. Of course, we all know he has gone on to Google, but I really liked what he did in terms of getting out there and explaining technology and how he was expansive in his thinking about technical solutions and he really was somebody who I looked at and thought, I'd really like to be a chief technology officer. In fact, I did become one and I love that role. So, in one way, I think he influenced me quite a bit although he wouldn't know me from the man on the moon. Larry: That is interesting, indeed. Lucy: He totally influenced me and I had a number of mentors inside Bell Labs that I thought were just outstanding. I think I've talked to you before how the culture at Bell Labs really supported mentoring and women and I had a number of mentors who really taught me a lot. Larry: It might not be looked at from the outside so much, but your position here with NCWIT is really just like an entrepreneur. So let's imagine you were sitting down right now talking to a young girl, a young woman who is thinking about maybe getting into a field and being an entrepreneur. What kind of advice would you share with them? Lucy: Well, so often when you are just starting something out, it's very ill‑formed because in fact is doesn't exist. And so, I guess my advice would be to just live with that. Know what you know and try to test it with everybody. Go test the heck out of it. So if you have an idea for a company or you have a way to explain what you want your nonprofit to be doing, you do your best story and then go tell it, and tell it over and over and over again, get input. And think expansively about it, because quite likely it'll be very different in a month or two months or six months as you go out and do that, but don't be afraid of not knowing the answer. I think so many people stop themselves because they can't see clearly between where they are and where they want to go. And in fact, I would maintain that that's exactly the kind of job you want, where you sit with what you have, and you make the best possible case, and you just keep improving it as you go. I think with NCWIT we have had people, not so much anymore because we are really tight on our story, we know exactly what we're doing and we can explain it in 10 minutes, you know, the famous elevator pitch, but we had a few people when we first got started who just wouldn't come along because they couldn't see clearly what it was going to be or where it was going to go. They couldn't get with the vision. So I think entrepreneurs need to be exceptional at this. Larry: I couldn't agree more. Here you are, I mean, you are busy, you travel around the country, you meet with all kinds of groups and individuals from entrepreneurs to larger organizations. How do you bring balance to your personal and to your professional lives? Lucy: Flexibility, a flexible schedule, being able to schedule things when you pretty much want to do them. So it's not uncommon to see me working until midnight; it's also not uncommon to see me taking off in the middle of the day and going to see my kids play soccer or doing what they're going to do. Was it Best Buy that had a story on the un-tethered workplace? It's not so important when you do your job and work, or where you do it, but that you do it. Now, obviously that can't get taken to the total extreme. Often you need to have schedules and meet with people and be attentive to that, but I think having that kind of flexibility in my day is what makes it all work out. Larry: Don't you go out there and jog every now and then too? Lucy: I jog all the time. I run every day, although I'm a little slower than I used to be, but I can still get out there and go a good four or five miles. Larry: Excellent. Lucy: And running's great. Gardening's great. My husband and I like to ‑ my husband's a great cook ‑ and so we like to eat. I guess that doesn't bring balance, it might bring a few pounds. Well, you know, hey. Larry: You know, I think it was just a week or so ago, I think Brad Feld said, "I think that Lucy Sanders just passed me." Lucy: He did not. Larry: Oh, didn't he say that? Oh, Okay. I thought he... Lucy: The day I pass Brad Feld is a day to celebrate. Larry: Yeah, you bet. Woman 1: I have a question. You have two boys. Lucy: Yes. Woman: So how do they look at you in the broader scope of women? Lucy: Interestingly enough, I think that kids of their age still aren't at the place where they see that there is any difference in the way people act and they don't want to admit it. The way they look at me is, I think, I'm just Mom. So we don't really talk about any under‑representation issues or anything else. Now, I would say that they are, I think they're proud of me. I think they have seen my career and what I've done, and I think that it motivates them. I could be wrong, you could interview them. Larry: Lucy, let me ask you this question. What do you feel gave you the advantage to get in the position that you're in today as well as all the way through your IT experience? Lucy: Well, I really am very relentless, not relentless in a bad way, but I go at it over and over and over until I find what I want. So I don't want to say I'm patient, because I'm really very impatient, but I'm very... Larry: Persistent? Lucy: I'm persistent. I'm very, no, my husband says I'm very relentless. Larry: Oh, really? OK. Lucy: And I am relentless in business. So I really do look at every no I get as just the first step to a yes, that they didn't mean it. Larry: Wow. You sound like Thomas Edison. Lucy: I think that that's important, I think, it has been important to me. The other thing that I think has been important to me is that I work incredibly hard. I put in a lot of hours and I have extremely high standards. And I have high standards for myself first, and I have high standards for others later. And at the same time, I have incredibly high forgiveness, so if the bar is high, then there should be a safety net and people should not be made to feel bad if they can't quite climb over that high bar. It's just that if you set it really high, then there's always going to be learning. So I think some of those perspectives have helped me in giving me a bit of an advantage. Larry: Wow. I like that. That is usable, powerful, motivating; that's really good. You know, by any standards, you have already accomplished a great deal in your life. And I know you've got a lot of things probably down the road that you'd like to do, but give me a little piece of near‑term, what do you see for yourself in the near‑term, and then maybe longer down the road? Lucy: Well, near‑term, I think, speaking about NCWIT, we have spent about two and a half years really building the foundational infrastructure for NCWIT. By that I mean we've got about 100 organizations, corporations, universities, nonprofits that are part of our alliances. We've built a technical infrastructure to support them; we've built a best practices infrastructure to support them; and project management meetings and workshops to support them. And now it's time to really start to drive the utilization of that infrastructure and to create series like this interview, series to really work on reform within our organizations. So that's in the short‑term for NCWIT. I mean, you can imagine building out a national infrastructure takes a little time. And I do think that people will commit to reform within their organizations once they see the infrastructure's there to support that. So we're at that point right now; it's an exciting time for us. The longer‑term, I don't yet know. I'm still really in the startup of NCWIT, so I'm pretty blind to everything else and I can't see that far out. Although I do know this: I really love technology. I don't think I'm through inventing technology yet, but I don't know what that looks like. Larry: We're going to follow up on that and find out. Lucy: Okay. Larry: Wow, Lucy, this was a fantastic piece of information. We're really looking forward to the series, the entrepreneurs interview series for IT and women. This is going to be just great. And what's the website that they can go to check out other stories? Lucy: It'll be hosted from the NCWIT website, www.ncwit.org. Larry: Sounds perfect. Lucy, thank you so much. Lucy: Thank you. Series: Entrepreneurial HeroesInterviewee: Lucy SandersInterview Summary: Lucy Sanders is start-up CEO and Co-founder of the National Center for Women & Information Technology. She is a former VP at AT&T Bell Labs, Lucent Bell Labs, and Avaya Labs, and holds six patents. Release Date: June 4, 2007Interview Subject: Lucy SandersInterviewer(s): Larry Nelson Duration: 13:35

Dean Radin, PhD Entangled Minds: Are We Linked Together More Deeply than We Imagine? One of the most surprising discoveries of modern physics is that objects aren’t as separate as they may seem. When you drill down into the core of even the most solid-looking material, separateness dissolves. All that remains, like the smile of the Cheshire Cat from Alice in Wonderland, are relationships extending curiously throughout space and time. These connections were predicted by quantum theory and were called “spooky action at a distance” by Albert Einstein. One of the founders of quantum theory, Erwin Schrödinger, dubbed this peculiarity entanglement, saying “I would not call that onebut rather the characteristic trait of quantum mechanics.” In this conversation with host Michael Lerner, Radin describes the surprising reach of the substantial scientific literature on psi phenomena, and wonders whether psi phenomena are not ultimately an example of the universe talking to itself. Dean Radin, PhD Dean is chief scientist at the Institute of Noetic Sciences (IONS) and Adjunct Faculty in the Department of Psychology at Sonoma State University. Before joining the research staff at IONS in 2001, he held appointments at AT&T Bell Labs, Princeton University, University of Edinburgh, and SRI International, where he worked on a classified program investigating psychic phenomena for the US government. He is author or coauthor of more than 200 technical and popular articles, a dozen book chapters, and three books including the award-winning The Conscious Universe (HarperOne, 1997), Entangled Minds (Simon & Schuster, 2006), and most recently, Supernormal (Random House, 2013). Find out more about Dean on his website. Find out more about The New School at tns.commonweal.org.