Podcasts about sidgwick

What began as a crashed object in a New Mexico desert exploded into a decades-long mystery—fueled by military secrecy, global sightings, and encounters that defy all known technology.More UFO episodes and blog posts: https://weirddarkness.com/?s=UFOIN THIS EPISODE: In October, 2023 Paranormality Magazine came out with a short article listing what they believed to be the top ten UFO sightings of all time. It was a short article, just a page or so, mostly just a list… and not listed in any particular order – just the top ten in their opinion. But I thought it'd be fun to expand on each one of those entries and bring a fuller picture… and I've arranged them in order of year… from oldest to newest. CHAPTERS & TIME STAMPS (All Times Approximate)…00:00:00.000 = Disclaimer and Lead-In00:06:56.906 = Show Open00:08:15.717 = The Roswell UFO Incident00:12:55.519 = The Westall UFO Encounter00:15:50.931 = The Pascagoula Abduction00:20:25.710 = The Allagash Abductions00:23:30.438 = The Tehran UFO Incident00:26:41.844 = The Cash-Landrum Incident00:29:58.684 = The Rendlesham Forest Incident 00:33:14.368 = The Belgian UFO Wave00:38:51.782 = The Phoenix Lights00:43:13.309 = The Nimitz UFO Encounter00:46:36.120 = Show Close, Verse, and Final ThoughtSOURCES AND RESOURCES FROM THE EPISODE…Paranormality Magazine article; (link no longer valid)Halt, Charles. "Halt Memo," January 1981, archived by the UK National Archives.Penniston, Jim, and John Burroughs. "Encounter in Rendlesham Forest." Thomas & Mercer, 2014.BBC News. "Rendlesham Forest: 'Britain's Roswell' UFO spotted off Suffolk coast," September 2011.Pope, Nick. "You Can't Tell the People." Pan Books, 2001 – A book by a former MoD UFO investigator discussing the cover-ups and inside stories of the British government's responses to UFO sightings, including the Rendlesham Forest incident.Bruni, Georgina. "You Can't Tell the People: The Definitive Account of the Rendlesham Forest UFO Mystery." Sidgwick & Jackson, 2000.SOBEPS Reports on the Belgian UFO WaveInterview with Colonel Wilfried De Brouwer"Belgium in UFO Fever" - Brussels Times"The Cash-Landrum UFO Incident," by John F. Schuessler, provides an extensive analysis of the event, including medical records and witness testimonies."UFOs and Government: A Historical Inquiry," a comprehensive study by Michael Swords and others, details the government's response to UFO sightings, including the Cash-Landrum case."Fire in the Sky: The Cash-Landrum UFO Incident," an article in the MUFON UFO Journal that revisits the incident, detailing the investigation and subsequent legal battle."Westall '66: A Suburban UFO Mystery," a documentary by Shane Ryan, explores the events through witness testimonies and expert interviews."The Westall UFO: A Suburban Mystery," a book by Keith Basterfield, provides a detailed account of the sighting, including the social and governmental context.Articles and interviews archived by the Victorian UFO Action group, which has collected and analyzed first-hand accounts from witnesses and former students of Westall High School.U.S. Defense Intelligence Agency Report: This declassified document provides a detailed account of the Tehran UFO Incident, including descriptions from the pilots and ground control."Iranian Jet Chased UFO, Got Light Show": This article in the New York Times archives covers the public's reaction and the international reporting following the incident.Interview with Lt. Parviz Jafari: Several interviews with Jafari provide first-hand accounts of the encounter, including technical details of the aircraft's malfunctions.CIA Document on the Tehran UFO Incident: A collection of declassified CIA documents that discuss the implications of the encounter and its analysis by various intelligence agencies.The New York Times: Articles from December 2017 that first revealed the Nimitz encounter to the public.Department of Defense Releases: Official statements and declassified videos of the encounters.Interviews with Commander David Fravor: His firsthand accounts provide detailed observations of the encounter."Unidentified: Inside America's UFO Investigation" on History Channel: This television series features interviews with the pilots and analysis of the encounters.Raymond E. Fowler, the investigator and author of "The Allagash Abductions: Undeniable Evidence of Alien Intervention," which details the incident and the hypnosis sessions.Interviews and Appearances: The men involved have given numerous interviews and appeared on various television programs to recount their experiences."Unsolved Mysteries" Television Series: Featured the Allagash abductions, providing a dramatized account and interviews with the witnesses.Skeptical Analysis by Robert Sheaffer and others, who critique the method of hypnosis used and the financial aspects related to the publicity of the case."The Pascagoula UFO Incident" by Charles Hickson – Hickson wrote a detailed account of his experience."UFOs: Past, Present, and Future" by Robert Emenegger – Includes interviews and analysis of the Pascagoula incident.Interviews and documentaries – Multiple television programs and documentaries have featured interviews with the witnesses and analyses by UFO researchers.Articles in major newspapers – Numerous articles were written at the time in publications like the Washington Post and New York Times, providing contemporary accounts of the events and follow-ups.=====Darkness Syndicate members get the ad-free version. https://weirddarkness.com/syndicateInfo on the next LIVE SCREAM event. https://weirddarkness.com/LiveScreamInfo on the next WEIRDO WATCH PARTY event. https://weirddarkness.com/TV=====(Over time links seen above may become invalid, disappear, or have different content. I always make sure to give authors credit for the material I use whenever possible. If I somehow overlooked doing so for a story, or if a credit is incorrect, please let me know and I will rectify it in these show notes immediately. Some links included above may benefit me financially through qualifying purchases.)= = = = ="I have come into the world as a light, so that no one who believes in me should stay in darkness." — John 12:46= = = = =WeirdDarkness® is a registered trademark. Copyright ©2025, Weird Darkness.=====Originally aired: May 06, 2024EPISODE PAGE at WeirdDarkness.com (includes list of sources): https://weirddarkness.com/Top10UFOs

This lecture discusses key ideas from the 20th and 21st century philosopher and moral theorist, Alasdair MacIntyre's essay "Plain Persons and Moral Theory" It focuses upon his contention that plain persons are often what he calls "proto-Aristotelians" in their broad commitments embodying moral theory, rather than simply neutral blank slates. MacIntyre writes: "[T]he plain person is funda­mentally a proto-Aristotelian. What is the force of 'fundamentally 'here? What it conveys can be expressed in three claims, first that every human being either lives out her or his life in a narrative form which is structured in terms of a telos, of virtues and of rules in an Aristotelian mode or has disrupted that narrative by committing her or himself to some other way of life, which is best understood as an alternative designed to avoid or escape from an Aristotelian mode of life, so that the lives of those who understand themselves, explicitly or much more probably implicitly, in terms set by Kant or Reid or Sidgwick or Sartre, are still informed by this rejected alternative. Secondly, I have told the story of the decline and fall of the plain person as the narrative of a single life. But the story could have been told, and I have told it elsewhere (in After Virtue), as a claim about the narrative history of a set of successive periods in West.em culture from the sixteenth to the twentieth century. This partial mirroring of the fate of individuals in the history of the larger social order and of the fate of that larger order in the narratives of individual lives testifies to the inseparability of the two stories. Thirdly, as these first two claims imply, I am also committed to holding that every human being is potentially a fully-fledged and not merely a proto-Aristotelian and that the frustration of that potentiality is among his or her morally important characteristics. We should therefore expect to find, within those who have not been allowed to develop, or have not themselves allowed their lives to develop, an Aristotelian form, a crucial and ineliminable tension between that in them which is and that which is not, Aristotelian. The standard modem anti-Aristotelian self will be a particular kind of divided self, exhibiting that complexity so characteristic of and so prized by modernity." To support my ongoing work, go to my Patreon site - www.patreon.com/sadler If you'd like to make a direct contribution, you can do so here - www.paypal.me/ReasonIO - or at BuyMeACoffee - www.buymeacoffee.com/A4quYdWoM You can find over 3,000 philosophy videos in my main YouTube channel - www.youtube.com/user/gbisadler You can find MacIntyre's essay "Plain Persons and Moral Theory" here - https://amzn.to/3KUbXVf

Hamflett & Sidgwick preview everything that's scheduled for tonight's episode of #WWERaw Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

Sidgwick & Hamflett review everything that happened on last week's episode of #AEWCollision including...Death Riders Vs The Conglomeration!Mercedes Moné ATTACKS Kris Statlander!The Outrunners Advance To Full Gear!AR Fox Gets Violently Assaulted!Roderick Strong Vs Beast Mortos In A BAD MATCH?!ENJOY@WhatCultureWWE@MSidgwick@MichaelHamflett Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

Hamflett & Sidgwick review everything that happened on the last week's episode of Friday Night #SmackDownFor more WhatCulture Wrestling content:YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/@WhatCultureWrestling Website: https://whatculture.com/wweTwitter: https://twitter.com/whatculturewwe Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/whatculturewrestlingFacebook: https://www.facebook.com/whatculturewweENJOY!@MSidgwick@MichaelHamflett Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

Hamflett & Sidgwick preview everything that's scheduled for #WWECrownJewelFor more WhatCulture Wrestling content:YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/@WhatCultureWrestling Website: https://whatculture.com/wweTwitter: https://twitter.com/whatculturewwe Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/whatculturewrestlingFacebook: https://www.facebook.com/whatculturewwe Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

It's Thursday, you know what that means! Sidgwick & Hamflett review everything that happened on last night's Fright Night #AEWDynamite including Bobby Lashley and The Hurt Syndicate's official debut, Swerve Strickland vs. Shelton Benjamin, The Young Bucks vs. Private Party, Orange Cassidy makes his intentions known, Kamille vs. Kris Statlander, Adam Cole vs. Buddy Matthews, Hangman Page's disturbing message for Jay White and more!For more WhatCulture Wrestling content:YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/@WhatCultureWrestling Website: https://whatculture.com/wweTwitter: https://twitter.com/whatculturewwe Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/whatculturewrestlingFacebook: https://www.facebook.com/whatculturewwe Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

Hamflett & Sidgwick review everything that happened on last night's episode of #WWENXT including Tatum Paxley vs. Wendy Choo in a Casket Match, Charlie Dempsey vs. Lexis King, Zaria vs. Brinley Reece, Kelani Jordan vs. Nikkita Lyons, Nathan Frazer & Axiom vs. Je'Von Evans and Cedric Alexander and more!For more WhatCulture Wrestling content:YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/@WhatCultureWrestling Website: https://whatculture.com/wweTwitter: https://twitter.com/whatculturewwe Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/whatculturewrestlingFacebook: https://www.facebook.com/whatculturewwe Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

Hamflett & Sidgwick join Scott Tailford as special guests on WhatCulture Gaming's Untitled Banter Pod to answer all your video game questions! Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

Hamflett & Sidgwick preview everything that's scheduled for tonight's episode of Friday Night #SmackDownFor more WhatCulture Wrestling content:YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/@WhatCultureWrestling Website: https://whatculture.com/wweTwitter: https://twitter.com/whatculturewwe Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/whatculturewrestlingFacebook: https://www.facebook.com/whatculturewwe Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

Sidgwick & Hamflett break down the current Jon Moxley angle on #AEW discussing all the pros, cons and burning questions that followed #AEWDynamiteFor more WhatCulture Wrestling content:YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/@WhatCultureWrestling Website: https://whatculture.com/wweTwitter: https://twitter.com/whatculturewwe Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/whatculturewrestlingFacebook: https://www.facebook.com/whatculturewwe Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

It's Thursday, you know what that means! Sidgwick & Hamflett review everything that happened on last night's episode of #AEWDynamiteFor more WhatCulture Wrestling content:YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/@WhatCultureWrestling Website: https://whatculture.com/wweTwitter: https://twitter.com/whatculturewwe Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/whatculturewrestlingFacebook: https://www.facebook.com/whatculturewwe Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

Hamflett & Sidgwick preview everything that's scheduled for this week's episode of #AEWDynamiteWARNING: Mox is here!Mark Briscoe vs. Chris Jericho in a LADDER WAR!The Elite vs. Daniel Garcias & Private PartyQueen Aminata vs. KamilleHouse of Black in actionWe'll hear from Kyle FletcherENJOY!Follow us on Twitter:@MichaelHamflett@MSidgwick@WhatCultureWWEFor more awesome content, check out: whatculture.com/wwe Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

Hamflett & Sidgwick review everything that happened on last night's episode of #WWERawENJOY!Follow us on Twitter:@MichaelHamflett@MSidgwick@WhatCultureWWEFor more awesome content, check out: whatculture.com/wwe Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

Hamflett & Sidgwick preview everything that's scheduled for tonight's episode of #WWENXT...Halloween Havoc Go-Home Show!NXT To Run The ECW Arena!IYO SKY & Kairi Sane vs. Lash Legend & Jakara JacksonGiulia & Stephanie Vaquer vs. Fatal InfluenceLuca Crusifino vs. Oba FemiNXT Champion Trick Williams & Ethan Page Speak Before Halloween Havoc.2023 NASCAR Xfinity Series Champion Cole Custer On NXTENJOY!Follow us on Twitter:@MichaelHamflett@MSidgwick@WhatCultureWWEFor more awesome content, check out: whatculture.com/wwe Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

Hamflett & Sidgwick review everything that happened on last week's episode of Friday Night #SmackDown...Roman Reigns & Jey Uso's Tense ExchangeMotor City Machine DEBUTLash Legend takes on Piper NivenKevin Owens defends his actions against Cody Rhodes & Randy OrtonNia Jax teams up with Candice LeRae against Bayley & NaomiThe Bloodline DESTROY The OTC & Jimmy Uso and more!ENJOY!Follow us on Twitter:@MSidgwick@MichaelHamflett@WhatCultureWWEFor more awesome content, check out: whatculture.com/wwe Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

Hamflett & Sidgwick review everything that happened on AEW Collision...AEW World Trios Championship Match: Claudio Castagnoli, PAC & Wheeler Yuta vs. Top FlightKyle Fletcher vs. Atlantis Jr.Ricochet vs. AR FoxThe Outrunners vs. RUSH & The Beast MortosDaniel Garcia & Private Party vs. Premier AthletesHarley Cameron vs. Kris StatlanderOrange Cassidy, Jamie Hayter and House Of Black In Action!ENJOY!Follow us on Twitter:@MSidgwick@MichaelHamflett@WhatCultureWWEFor more awesome content, check out: whatculture.com/wwe Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

Hamflett & Sidgwick preview everything that's scheduled for tonight's episode of #WWERaw...Jey Uso defends Intercontinental Title against Bron BreakkerSeth Rollins & Bronson Reed Come Face-To-FaceNew Day vs. AOPRey Mysterio & Dragon Lee vs. American Made and more!ENJOY!Follow us on Twitter:@MichaelHamflett@MSidgwick@WhatCultureWWEFor more awesome content, check out: whatculture.com/wwe Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

The Dadley Boyz give you their unfiltered wrestling opinions on...Cody Rhodes!Malakai Black! Macho Man Randy Savage!Saraya!Bobby Lashley In AEW?!ENJOY!Follow us on Twitter:@AdamWilbourn@MSidgwick@WhatCultureWWEFor more awesome content, check out: whatculture.com/wwe Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

More UFO episodes and blog posts: https://weirddarkness.com/?s=UFOIN THIS EPISODE: In October, 2023 Paranormality Magazine came out with a short article listing what they believed to be the top ten UFO sightings of all time. It was a short article, just a page or so, mostly just a list… and not listed in any particular order – just the top ten in their opinion. But I thought it'd be fun to expand on each one of those entries and bring a fuller picture… and I've arranged them in order of year… from oldest to newest. SOURCES AND REFERENCES FROM THE EPISODE…Paranormality Magazine article: https://paranormalitymag.com/top-10-ufo-sightings-of-all-time/Halt, Charles. "Halt Memo," January 1981, archived by the UK National Archives.Penniston, Jim, and John Burroughs. "Encounter in Rendlesham Forest." Thomas & Mercer, 2014.BBC News. "Rendlesham Forest: 'Britain's Roswell' UFO spotted off Suffolk coast," September 2011.Pope, Nick. "You Can't Tell the People." Pan Books, 2001 – A book by a former MoD UFO investigator discussing the cover-ups and inside stories of the British government's responses to UFO sightings, including the Rendlesham Forest incident.Bruni, Georgina. "You Can't Tell the People: The Definitive Account of the Rendlesham Forest UFO Mystery." Sidgwick & Jackson, 2000.SOBEPS Reports on the Belgian UFO WaveInterview with Colonel Wilfried De Brouwer"Belgium in UFO Fever" - Brussels Times"The Cash-Landrum UFO Incident," by John F. Schuessler, provides an extensive analysis of the event, including medical records and witness testimonies."UFOs and Government: A Historical Inquiry," a comprehensive study by Michael Swords and others, details the government's response to UFO sightings, including the Cash-Landrum case."Fire in the Sky: The Cash-Landrum UFO Incident," an article in the MUFON UFO Journal that revisits the incident, detailing the investigation and subsequent legal battle."Westall '66: A Suburban UFO Mystery," a documentary by Shane Ryan, explores the events through witness testimonies and expert interviews."The Westall UFO: A Suburban Mystery," a book by Keith Basterfield, provides a detailed account of the sighting, including the social and governmental context.Articles and interviews archived by the Victorian UFO Action group, which has collected and analyzed first-hand accounts from witnesses and former students of Westall High School.U.S. Defense Intelligence Agency Report: This declassified document provides a detailed account of the Tehran UFO Incident, including descriptions from the pilots and ground control."Iranian Jet Chased UFO, Got Light Show": This article in the New York Times archives covers the public's reaction and the international reporting following the incident.Interview with Lt. Parviz Jafari: Several interviews with Jafari provide first-hand accounts of the encounter, including technical details of the aircraft's malfunctions.CIA Document on the Tehran UFO Incident: A collection of declassified CIA documents that discuss the implications of the encounter and its analysis by various intelligence agencies.The New York Times: Articles from December 2017 that first revealed the Nimitz encounter to the public.Department of Defense Releases: Official statements and declassified videos of the encounters.Interviews with Commander David Fravor: His firsthand accounts provide detailed observations of the encounter."Unidentified: Inside America's UFO Investigation" on History Channel: This television series features interviews with the pilots and analysis of the encounters.Raymond E. Fowler, the investigator and author of "The Allagash Abductions: Undeniable Evidence of Alien Intervention," which details the incident and the hypnosis sessions.Interviews and Appearances: The men involved have given numerous interviews and appeared on various television programs to recount their experiences."Unsolved Mysteries" Television Series: Featured the Allagash abductions, providing a dramatized account and interviews with the witnesses.Skeptical Analysis by Robert Sheaffer and others, who critique the method of hypnosis used and the financial aspects related to the publicity of the case."The Pascagoula UFO Incident" by Charles Hickson – Hickson wrote a detailed account of his experience."UFOs: Past, Present, and Future" by Robert Emenegger – Includes interviews and analysis of the Pascagoula incident.Interviews and documentaries – Multiple television programs and documentaries have featured interviews with the witnesses and analyses by UFO researchers.Articles in major newspapers – Numerous articles were written at the time in publications like the Washington Post and New York Times, providing contemporary accounts of the events and follow-ups.Weird Darkness theme by Alibi Music Library. = = = = =(Over time links seen above may become invalid, disappear, or have different content. I always make sure to give authors credit for the material I use whenever possible. If I somehow overlooked doing so for a story, or if a credit is incorrect, please let me know and I will rectify it in these show notes immediately. Some links included above may benefit me financially through qualifying purchases.)= = = = ="I have come into the world as a light, so that no one who believes in me should stay in darkness." — John 12:46= = = = =WeirdDarkness® is a registered trademark. Copyright ©2024, Weird Darkness.= = = = =Originally aired: May 06, 2024CUSTOM LANDING PAGE: https://weirddarkness.com/the-top-10-ufo-sightings-of-all-time/

Wilbourn & Sidgwick answer your burning WrestleMania questions, including...Could Cody Rhodes get screwed AGAIN?!What will main event Mania 41?Is WrestleMania XL the best show of the HHH era?Who wins the Battle Royals?Will fans turn on Cody?!ENJOY!Follow us on Twitter:@AdamWilbourn@MSidgwick@WhatCultureWWEFor more awesome content, check out: whatculture.com/wwe Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

Wilbourn & Sidgwick answer your burning All Elite Wrestling questions, including...How can AEW improve in 2024?Who should be the next champions?What matches NEED to happen at All In?Which WWE star would be great in AEW?Can AEW's four pillars be salvaged?!ENJOY!Follow us on Twitter:@AdamWilbourn@MSidgwick@WhatCultureWWEFor more awesome content, check out: whatculture.com/wwe Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

Hamflett & Sidgwick discuss everything that happened on this week's episode of AEW Dynamite including Dax Harwood vs. Jon Moxley, Adam Copeland vs. Daniel Garcia, the premiere of Timeless Toni Storm's latest film, 'Wet Ink', Samoa Joe addressing Hangman Page & Swerve Strickland, The Young Bucks being up to no good again, Orange Cassidy vs. Matt Taven in an OUTRAGEOUS Texas Death Match and more! Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

Adam, Phil, and Sidgwick chat about all the big wrestling talking points this week...MVP KO's Chris Jericho!Royal Rumble rumoured returns!Tony Khan hinder's Jinder!Will Sting main event Revolution?The etiquette vigilante?!We answer all these questions and more, and there's a bloody good quiz all about backstage fights!Follow us on Twitter:@AdamWilbourn@PhilMyChambers@MSidgwick@WhatCultureWWEFor more awesome content, check out: whatculture.com/wwe Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

Sidgwick was born in 1838 to a wealthy family in Yorkshire, England. He studied at Cambridge as an undergraduate, where he stayed for the rest of his life. While he is best known as a moral philosopher, he was also a political economist, epistemologist, classicist, theologist, educator, political theorist and parapsychologist (studying psychic phenomena, including telepathy and survival after death). At Cambridge, Sidgwick became a part of “the Apostles”: a secret society whose members discussed topics including ethics, truth and God. The original text contained 7 footnotes which were omitted from this narration. --- First published: January 29th, 2023 Source: https://utilitarianism.net/utilitarian-thinker/henry-sidgwick --- Narrated by TYPE III AUDIO.

Adam, Sidgwick, and Andy chat about all the big wrestling talking points this week...Money In The Bank PREVIEW!The Bloodline Civil War!Who will be Mr & Mrs Money In The Bank?Seth Rollins vs. Finn Balor!Could Brock Lesnar show up?!We answer all these questions and more, and there's a bloody good quiz all about money!Follow us on Twitter:@AdamWilbourn@MSidgwick@AndyHMurray@WhatCultureWWEFor more awesome content, check out: whatculture.com/wwe Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

Adam, Sidgwick, and Nicholas chat about all the big wrestling talking points this week...Forbidden Door PREVIEW!TWO dream matches!MJF vs. Hiroshi Tanahashi!A bonkers ten-man tag!Could this be the best show EVER?!We answer all these questions and more, and there's a bloody good quiz all about doors!Follow us on Twitter:@AdamWilbourn@MSidgwick@ItsAdamNicholas@WhatCultureWWEFor more awesome content, check out: whatculture.com/wwe Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

Atoms combine to form molecules, the second step on the way to matter. Molecules are made of two or more atoms and are held together by chemical bonds, which are determined by the electrons on their outermost shells. Carbon is an example of an atom which forms molecules and is essential for the formation of matter, as it forms strong and weak bonds with other atoms. Different combinations of molecules give rise to the diversity of matter we see around us. Ionic, covalent and metallic bonds are the three main types of bonds that form between atoms. Summarizing, atoms, molecules, and carbon are essential components of life, and scientists have discovered that carbon has the ability to form up to 1.7 million compounds. Atoms are the building blocks of life, and scientists have studied how they bond together. Some atoms swap electrons, while others share their electrons to form covalent bonds. Examples of covalent bonds include the H2 molecule, where two hydrogen atoms share each other's single electron. Metallic bonds occur when a large number of atoms come together by sharing electrons, forming metals like iron, copper, zinc, and aluminium. Carbon is the most significant element for living beings, as it is able to form 1.7 million compounds, forming structures like cell membranes, horns, trunks, lenses, and venom. Carbon is unique in its ability to form chains with many links, as well as branched or polygonal shapes. This versatility is critical for life, and compounds of carbon range from a few atoms to millions. Hydrogen and oxygen atoms, the main components of water, are very light and non-polar. This means that they have no affinity for each other and do not easily combine to form molecules. Atoms are the building blocks of all matter, and molecules are formed when atoms bond together. Carbon is an unusual element, forming over a quarter of a million compounds, including hydrocarbons which form the basis of the petrochemical industry and are found in natural gas, paints and fire extinguishers. Carbon is also a vital element for life on Earth, forming proteins with its unique ability to form strong and weak bonds between atoms and molecules. These bonds are essential for the formation of the complex three-dimensional shapes of proteins, which form the basis of all living things. Therefore, without the presence of carbon and its unusual properties, it is unlikely that there would be life on Earth. The summary of this podcast is that atoms, oxygen, and life are all connected and all dependent on Allah. Oxygen molecules are formed from atoms that are held together by Allah's permission. Taste and smell are created by molecular interactions that happen in our sense organs. Without taste and smell, life and the world would be dull and ordinary. Thanks to Allah, we have been given these blessings in return for nothing and should strive to be pleasing to Allah for an eternal life filled with blessings. NOTES 27. L. Vlasov, D. Trifonov, 107 Stories About Chemistry, 1977, p. 117 28. L. Vlasov, D. Trifonov, 107 Stories About Chemistry, 1977, p. 118 29. David Burnie, Life, Eyewitness Science, London: Dorling Kindersley, 1996, p.8 30. Nevil V. Sidgwick, The Chemical Elements and Their Compounds, vol.1, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1950, p.490 37. Taşkın Tuna, Uzayın Ötesi (Beyond Space), Boğaziçi Yayınları, 1995, p. 166

Ballads of Romance and Chivalry Popular Ballads of the Olden Times - First Series

Colabora Con Biblioteca Del Metal: En Twitter - https://twitter.com/Anarkometal72 Y Donanos Unas Propinas En BAT. Para Seguir Con El Proyecto De la Biblioteca Mas Grande Del Metal. Muchisimas Gracias. La Tienda De Biblioteca Del Metal: Encontraras, Ropa, Accesorios,Decoracion, Ect... Todo Relacionado Al Podcats Biblioteca Del Metal Y Al Mundo Del Heavy Metal. Descubrela!!!!!! Ideal Para Llevarte O Regalar Productos Del Podcats De Ivoox. (Por Tiempo Limitado) https://teespring.com/es/stores/biblioteca-del-metal-1 Paul Bruce Dickinson (Worksop, Nottinghamshire, 7 de agosto de 1958), más conocido como Bruce Dickinson, es un cantante, productor musical, esgrimista, empresario, escritor, historiador y piloto de aviación británico. Es famoso por ser el vocalista, frontman y co-compositor de la banda de heavy metal Iron Maiden. Es considerado por muchos expertos de canto, medios y el público en general como uno de los mejores cantantes de la historia de este género. También posee un nivel intermedio de interpretación en guitarra, mostrado principalmente en su carrera en solitario. Nacido en Worksop, Nottinghamshire, Bruce Dickinson comenzó su carrera musical en pequeñas bandas en la década de 1970, mientras asistía a la escuela en Sheffield y a la universidad en Londres. En 1979 se unió a la agrupación Samson, con la que logró cierta popularidad bajo el nombre artístico de "Bruce Bruce". Tras grabar dos discos de estudio dejó la banda en 1981 para unirse a Iron Maiden, reemplazando al cantante Paul Di'Anno. Durante su primera etapa en Iron Maiden grabó una serie de exitosos álbumes que se convirtieron en discos de platino y oro en los Estados Unidos y el Reino Unido en la década de 1980. Dickinson abandonó Iron Maiden en 1993 (siendo reemplazado por Blaze Bayley) para seguir una carrera como solista, lo que le permitió experimentar con una amplia variedad de estilos entre el heavy metal y el hard rock. Se reincorporó a la banda en 1999 junto con el guitarrista Adrian Smith. Tras su regreso a Iron Maiden grabó un nuevo disco en solitario en 2005, Tyranny of Souls. Su primo Rob Dickinson fue el vocalista de la banda británica de rock alternativo Catherine Wheel, mientras que su hijo, Austin, lideró la banda de metalcore Rise to Remain. Aparte de su carrera en la música, Dickinson ha llevado a cabo otro tipo de actividades. Emprendió una carrera como piloto comercial para la aerolínea Astraeus Airlines. Tras el cierre de Astraeus, creó su propia empresa de mantenimiento de aviones y capacitación de pilotos en 2012, Cardiff Aviation. Dickinson presentó su propio programa de radio en la emisora BBC Radio 6 Music de 2002 a 2010 y también ha presentado documentales de televisión, ha escrito novelas y guiones cinematográficos, creó una exitosa cerveza con Robinsons Brewery y compitió como esgrimista a nivel internacional. Paul Bruce Dickinson nació en Worksop, Nottinghamshire.​ Su madre, Sonia, trabajaba a medio tiempo en una fábrica de calzado, y su padre, Bruce (f.2018), era un mecánico del ejército.​ El inesperado embarazo de Sonia obligó a la joven pareja a contraer matrimonio.​ Inicialmente fue criado por sus abuelos, un trabajador de una mina de carbón local y un ama de casa.​ Este hecho es recordado por Dickinson en la letra de la canción "Born in '58" de su primer álbum como solista, Tattooed Millionaire.​ Estudió en la escuela primaria de Manton en Worksop mientras sus padres vivían en Sheffield.​ Cuando cumplió seis años fue enviado a Sheffield por sus abuelos,​ lugar donde ingresó en una escuela primaria en Manor.​ Luego de unos meses, sus padres decidieron inscribirlo en una escuela privada llamada Sharrow Vale Junior.​ Dickinson ha afirmado que debido a esta situación aprendió a ser autosuficiente, pero no pudo entablar amistades duraderas.​ Bruce tiene una hermana menor, la jinete profesional Helena Stormanns, nacida en 1963.​ Trató de aislarse de ella tanto como pudo cuando era joven, al parecer porque presumía que el nacimiento de Helena si fue planeado.​ La primera experiencia de Bruce con la música ocurrió en Worksop, cuando bailaba para sus abuelos la canción "The Twist" de Chubby Checker.​ Su primer álbum fue el sencillo "She Loves You" de The Beatles, un regalo de su abuelo. Desde ese momento empezó a interesarse en la música rock.​ Intentó tocar la guitarra acústica de su padre, pero sus dedos terminaron ampollados.​ Cuando se mudaron a Sheffield, los padres de Dickinson se ganaban la vida comprando propiedades, acondicionándolas y vendiéndolas para obtener un beneficio.​ Como resultado, gran parte de su infancia la pasó viviendo en un sitio de construcción, hasta que sus padres compraron una pensión y un garaje en bancarrota donde su padre comenzó a vender autos de segunda mano.​ Los ingresos de su negocio le dieron la oportunidad de darle a Bruce (entonces de 13 años) una educación en un internado en la escuela Oundle, una institución pública en Northamptonshire.​ Dickinson no se oponía a mudarse de su hogar porque no había logrado "ningún vínculo real" con sus padres, ya que había sido criado por sus abuelos en Worksop hasta que cumplió los seis años.​ En Oundle, Dickinson era acosado constantemente por los niños mayores de Sidney House, la pensión a la que pertenecía,​ hecho que describió como "una tortura sistemática" que lo llevó a convertirse en un niño prácticamente aislado.​ Sus intereses en Oundle solían ser militares; fue cofundador de la sociedad de juegos de guerra de la escuela con su compañero Mike Jordan, logrando una posición de cierto poder en la fuerza de cadetes de la escuela,​ donde se le permitió manejar munición real, que utilizaba para crear trampas explosivas.​ En Oundle Dickinson empezó a interesarse en el hard rock, especialmente tras escuchar la épica canción "Child in Time" de Deep Purple en el cuarto de uno de sus compañeros, quedando asombrado por la potencia vocal de Ian Gillan.​ El primer álbum que compró con su propio dinero fue Deep Purple In Rock, disco que terminó de afianzar su gusto por este tipo de música.​ Más adelante compró el álbum debut de Black Sabbath, Aqualung de Jethro Tull y Tarkus de Emerson, Lake & Palmer.​ La primera banda que pudo ver en directo fue Wild Turkey, agrupación que tocó en su escuela y que tenía entre sus filas al bajista de Jethro Tull, Glenn Cornick.​ Más tarde asistió a conciertos de Van der Graaf Generator y Arthur Brown.​ Bruce se interesó inicialmente en aprender a tocar la batería,​ practicando con un par de bongós.​ El músico recuerda que tocaba y cantaba la canción "Let It Be" con su amigo Mike Jordan, descubriendo que tenía una voz prometedora para cantar música rock.​ Poco tiempo después fue expulsado de Oundle por participar en una broma en la que orinó sobre la cena del director de la institución.​ Tras retornar a su hogar en Sheffield en 1976, ingresó en la escuela King Edward VII, lugar donde se unió a su primera banda.​ Escuchó a otros dos alumnos hablar sobre la necesidad de un cantante para su banda, por lo que se ofreció como voluntario de inmediato.​ La banda practicaba en el garaje del padre del baterista. Allí sus compañeros se asombraron por su calidad vocal, animándolo para que comprara un micrófono.​ Su primera presentación ocurrió en una pequeña taberna en Sheffield.​ Originalmente llamada "Paradox", la banda cambió su nombre a "Styx" por sugerencia de Bruce, sin tener en cuenta que en ese momento ya existía una banda en los Estados Unidos con el mismo nombre.​ Llegaron a los titulares de los periódicos locales cuando un obrero local fue despertado por su actuación y, enojado, trató de romper la batería de la banda.​ Poco tiempo después la agrupación se disolvió.​ Después de graduarse de la escuela con énfasis en inglés, historia y economía, Dickinson confesó: "Realmente no sabía qué era lo que quería hacer".​ Lo primero que hizo fue unirse a la Segunda Reserva del Ejército por seis meses.​ Aunque disfrutó su experiencia militar, Dickinson se dio cuenta de que no quería esta opción como una carrera y aplicó para estudiar historia en la Universidad Queen Mary de Londres.​ Sus padres querían que se uniera al ejército, pero Bruce les mintió diciendo que quería graduarse antes para tener más libertad de cantar en bandas de rock.​ En la universidad se involucró en el Comité de Entretenimiento, afirmando sobre esta experiencia lo siguiente: "Un día eres roadie para The Jam, al día siguiente estás cargando una escenografía de Stonehenge para Hawkwind."​ En 1977 conoció a Paul "Noddy" White, un multi-instrumentista dueño de un gran equipo de grabación, con el que Bruce, junto al baterista Steve Jones, formaría una banda llamada Speed.​ De acuerdo con Dickinson, la banda se llamó Speed ("velocidad" en español) por la forma en que tocaban y no como una alusión a la droga del mismo nombre. ​ Dickinson empezó a escribir su propio material cuando White le enseñó tres acordes en su guitarra.​ Aunque Speed llegó a tocar varias veces en la taberna Green Man en Plumstead, la banda no duró mucho, pero sirvió como impulso para que Bruce se esforzara por buscar una carrera en la música.​ Dickinson vio un aviso en Melody Maker que decía: "Se necesita cantante para proyecto de grabación" y lo respondió inmediatamente.​ Grabó una cinta demo y la envió con la siguiente nota: "Por cierto, si creen que lo que canto es una basura, hay algún material de John Cleese grabado en el otro lado que espero les guste".​ Quedaron impresionados con su voz y lo invitaron al estudio para grabar una canción titulada "Dracula", primera pieza musical grabada por Bruce, con una agrupación llamada Shots,​ formada por dos hermanos, Phil y Doug Siviter.​ La canción fue incluida años después en el álbum recopilatorio The Best of Bruce Dickinson. Los hermanos quedaron impresionados con la calidad vocal de Bruce y le pidieron que se uniera a su banda.​ La agrupación realizaba presentaciones constantes en pequeños clubes.​ Una noche Dickinson se detuvo a mitad de una canción e increpó a uno de los asistentes por no prestar atención a la música.​ Esta práctica tuvo tan buena aceptación que el cantante empezó a hacerlo todas las noches como una práctica regular en sus presentaciones en vivo. Dickinson afirma que esta experiencia le enseñó a convertirse en un "frontman".​ El siguiente paso en su carrera fue la visita de los músicos Barry Graham ("Thunderstick") y Paul Samson a una de las presentaciones de Shots en una taberna llamada Prince of Wales en Kent.​ Impresionados con su voz y su manejo del escenario, hablaron con Dickinson después de la presentación y le ofrecieron ser el cantante de su banda, Samson.​ Dickinson aceptó unirse a la agrupación con la condición de que le dejaran presentar sus exámenes finales de historia.​ Hasta ese momento, había estado descuidando su educación universitaria.​ Como resultado, la universidad había intentado expulsarlo por reprobar sus exámenes de segundo año y no pagar sus honorarios de alojamiento, pero logró continuar debido a su papel como oficial de entretenimiento.​ Después de escribir ensayos de seis meses en el lapso de dos semanas y algunos ejercicios de última hora para sus exámenes, Dickinson logró graduarse sin muchos méritos.​ El 19 de julio de 2011, Dickinson obtuvo un doctorado honorario en música de parte de su alma máter en honor a sus contribuciones a la industria musical.​ Después de conocer a Paul Samson y a Barry Purkis y de culminar sus exámenes finales, Dickinson se unió a la banda Samson en un escenario de Bishop's Stortford para cantar la canción "Rock Me Baby", consolidando su papel como nuevo vocalista principal de la agrupación.​ La banda ya había publicado su álbum debut, Survivors de 1979, dos meses antes de la llegada de Bruce.​ Tras culminar sus estudios, Dickinson se encontró con la banda en un estudio de grabación de Greenwich para aprender las canciones de Survivors.​ Aunque no encajaban en su estilo vocal,​ la banda rápidamente escribió nuevas canciones que serían incluidas en el álbum Head On,​ algunas de las cuales fueron tocadas en vivo poco tiempo después.​ Fue durante esos primeros ensayos que surgió el nombre artístico de "Bruce Bruce", derivado de un episodio llamado "Bruces sketch" de la serie de televisión Monty Python.​ El nombre se volvió muy tedioso para Dickinson ya que la banda continuamente emitía cheques sin fondos, pagaderos a favor de "Bruce Bruce" a modo de broma.​ Dickinson más tarde comentó que odiaba ese nombre pero que terminó aceptándolo como su nombre artístico.​ Bruce se llevó una sorpresa al enterarse que no todos los músicos de rock eran "grandes artistas"; sentía que algunos de ellos, como sus compañeros en Samson, solo estaban interesados ​​en las mujeres, las drogas y el alcohol, algo con lo que no estaba de acuerdo pues sus aspiraciones eran mayores.​ Aunque había fumado marihuana antes,​ Dickinson descubrió que le era imposible comunicarse con los otros miembros de la banda si estaba sobrio, y decidió que era "el precio que debía pagar".​ Mientras lideraba la banda, Bruce escuchó a Iron Maiden por primera vez cuando la agrupación de Steve Harris abrió uno de los conciertos de Samson en el Music Machine en 1980.​ Al respecto, Dickinson afirmó: "Los vi en vivo ese día y me di cuenta que eran buenos, realmente buenos. Recuerdo que en ese momento pensé que quería ser su vocalista".​ Dickinson permaneció en Samson un año, grabando los álbumes de estudio Head On y Shock Tactics.​ Sin embargo, la banda pronto tuvo dificultades con su sello discográfico, Gem Records, que entró en quiebra y no financió su gira europea como soporte de Iron Maiden.​ La banda firmó con RCA, pero la discográfica no se mostró muy interesada.​ Tras una presentación de Samson en el Festival de Reading, el mánager de Iron Maiden, Rod Smallwood, se acercó a Dickinson y le ofreció ser el nuevo vocalista de Iron Maiden.​ Dickinson audicionó para Iron Maiden en una sala de ensayos en Hackney en septiembre de 1981. Allí descubrió que la banda tenía un nivel de profesionalismo superior al de su anterior grupo, Samson.​ En la sala de ensayos, la banda tocó las canciones "Prowler", "Sanctuary", "Running Free" y "Remember Tomorrow", antes de pedirle a Dickinson que cantara las mismas canciones en un estudio de grabación.​ Iron Maiden tenía una rutina estricta y organizada que se adaptaba al estilo de composición de la banda, algo que Dickinson describió como "la tabla de tiempo".​ Después de brindar algunos conciertos, la agrupación comenzó a componer nuevo material para su tercer álbum de estudio, The Number of the Beast, publicado en 1982. A raíz de los problemas contractuales de Samson, Dickinson no pudo ser acreditado legalmente en ninguna de las canciones del disco,​ limitándose a hacer lo que él mismo llamó como "contribuciones morales", revelando años después que contribuyó en alguna medida en la composición de las canciones "The Prisoner", "Children of the Damned" y "Run to the Hills".​ El álbum fue un éxito y encabezó las listas británicas,​ logrando la certificación de disco de platino en el Reino Unido y en los Estados Unidos.​ Tras su lanzamiento, la banda se embarcó en la gira internacional The Beast on the Road para promocionar el disco. En los siguientes álbumes, Piece of Mind de 1983 y Powerslave de 1984, el monopolio compositivo de Steve Harris fue dejado de lado para incorporar las ideas de los demás miembros de la banda. Dickinson contribuyó con la composición de algunas canciones como los sencillos "Flight of Icarus" y "2 Minutes to Midnight".​ Durante la multitudinaria gira World Slavery Tour, como parte de los nuevos elementos teatrales incorporados en el escenario de la banda, Bruce usó una máscara con plumas durante la interpretación de la canción "Powerslave". Según sus propias declaraciones, compró dicha máscara en una tienda de artículos sexuales.​ La gira fue tan larga y desgastante que Dickinson llegó a considerar abandonar el proyecto cuando el tour se encontraba a mitad de camino.​ La gerencia de Iron Maiden añadía fechas a la gira constantemente hasta que Dickinson amenazó con dejar la banda si continuaban haciéndolo.​ Al finalizar la gira, la banda se tomó seis meses de descanso, tiempo que Bruce aprovechó para practicar esgrima.​ Iron Maiden comenzó a escribir material para su siguiente álbum, Somewhere in Time. Dickinson estaba decepcionado ya que sentía que la banda requería en ese momento de un estilo más acústico para seguir siendo relevante, a pesar de que se introdujeron sintetizadores en la grabación del disco.​ No tuvo créditos de composición en el álbum, ya que su material fue rechazado por el resto de la banda.​ Steve Harris declaró que esto ocurrió porque sus composiciones no eran lo suficientemente buenas, pues Dickinson "probablemente era el más afectado tras finalizar la gira World Slavery Tour".​ Tras la gira promocional de Somewhere in Time, Iron Maiden empezó a trabajar en su siguiente álbum de estudio, Seventh Son of a Seventh Son, disco más experimental que sus anteriores trabajos y con algunos elementos de rock progresivo.​ Aunque se convirtió en el segundo álbum de Iron Maiden en encabezar las listas de éxitos británicas,​ fue el primer álbum con Dickinson como cantante que no alcanzó la certificación de platino en los Estados Unidos.​ A diferencia de Somewhere in Time, Dickinson se mostró más entusiasmado con el álbum y aportó créditos de composición.​ Después de finalizar la gira promocional del disco en 1988, el grupo decidió tomarse un año de descanso.​ Durante la etapa de composición del siguiente álbum, el guitarrista Adrian Smith dejó la banda y fue reemplazado por Janick Gers. El octavo álbum de estudio de Iron Maiden, No Prayer for the Dying de 1990, representó un cambio significativo en el sonido de la banda, abandonando la experimentación a favor de un heavy metal más convencional y comercial. Bruce cambió su forma de cantar, adoptando una voz más áspera.​ El disco fue grabado en un rancho de propiedad de Steve Harris con el estudio móvil de The Rolling Stones.​ La canción "Bring Your Daughter... to the Slaughter", compuesta originalmente por Dickinson para la banda sonora de la película de terror estadounidense A Nightmare on Elm Street 5: The Dream Child, se convirtió en el único sencillo de Iron Maiden en encabezar la lista de éxitos UK Singles Chart, pese a recibir un premio Golden Raspberry en la categoría de peor canción original en 1989.​ En 1992, Harris había convertido su rancho en un estudio de grabación y allí fue grabado Fear of the Dark, el nuevo álbum de estudio de la banda.​ Luego de la gira mundial Fear of the Dark Tour, Dickinson decidió dejar Iron Maiden para enfocarse en su carrera como solista.​ En ese momento la banda había agendado otra gira mundial en 1993, de la cual Bruce no disfrutó. A lo largo de la misma, Dickinson recibió muchas críticas de sus compañeros de banda. Steve Harris llegó a afirmar que en ese momento quería matarlo,​ pues según él, Dickinson solamente se esforzaba cuando la prensa se encontraba en el evento,​ de lo contrario simplemente mascullaba las canciones arriba del escenario.​ Bruce ha negado estas acusaciones, argumentando que le era imposible brindar un rendimiento decente algunas noches debido a la mala atmósfera existente entre él y sus compañeros.​ Su última presentación con la banda fue filmada por la BBC en los estudios Pinewood y publicada en vídeo con el título Raising Hell, con la incorporación del ilusionista Simon Drake animando el espectáculo.​ Junto con Adrian Smith, Dickinson regresó a Iron Maiden en 1999 después de sostener una conversación con Rod Smallwood.​ Smallwood le mencionó la posibilidad del retorno de Bruce a Steve Harris, pero el bajista inicialmente mostró algunas reservas al respecto, algo que cambió con el paso del tiempo.​ Harris y Dickinson se reunieron en la casa de Smallwood en Brighton en enero de 1999 para dialogar, algo que no ocurría entre ambos músicos desde 1993.​ Aunque se encontraban nerviosos por el encuentro, al verse cara a cara la tensión se disipó de inmediato y ambos acordaron que Dickinson debía regresar al grupo.​ Después de embarcarse en la gira promocional del álbum recopilatorio Ed Hunter, la banda ingresó al estudio para grabar el disco Brave New World, primer álbum con Dickinson desde 1992. Bruce insistió en que la agrupación debía buscar un nuevo productor en reemplazo de Martin Birch y grabar en un estudio diferente al que se utilizó para la grabación de No Prayer for the Dying y Fear of the Dark, algo que Harris aceptó.​ Finalmente el disco fue grabado en los estudios Guillaume Tell en París con el productor Kevin "The Caveman" Shirley.​ La agrupación se embarcó en una gira mundial, finalizando en el popular festival Rock in Rio ante unas 250000 personas.​ En 2003 la banda grabó el álbum Dance of Death en los estudios SARM de Londres, nuevamente con Kevin Shirley como productor.​ Después de salir de gira Iron Maiden regresó a SARM en 2006 para grabar el álbum A Matter of Life and Death,​ para luego embarcarse en un tour a nivel mundial. Entre 2008 y 2009 la banda llevó a cabo la gira Somewhere Back In Time World Tour,​ en la que Bruce piloteó un Boeing 757 bautizado Ed Force One.​ Fue realizado un entensivo documental sobre la gira titulado Iron Maiden: Flight 666, que tuvo un estreno limitado en cines en 2009.​ Iron Maiden volvió a salir de gira en 2010 para promocionar un nuevo disco, llamado The Final Frontier​ y grabado en Nassau.​ En septiembre de 2014 Iron Maiden empezó la grabación de su álbum de estudio número 16, The Book of Souls, en los estudios Guillaume Tell en París.​ El álbum contiene dos canciones escritas en su totalidad por Dickinson, "If Eternity Should Fail" y "Empire of the Clouds",​ la primera de ellas escrita para un posible álbum como solista.​ "Empire of the Clouds", de casi 18 minutos de duración,​ se convirtió en la canción más larga en toda la discografía de Iron Maiden y presenta a Bruce Dickinson tocando el piano por primera vez en una grabación de la banda.​ Hubo una nueva gira en 2016, con Dickinson piloteando nuevamente el avión de la agrupación.​ En el marco de la gira Eddie Rips Up the World Tour en 2005, Iron Maiden se presentó en el festival estadounidense Ozzfest junto a Black Sabbath como cabeza de cartel. Sharon, la esposa y representante del cantante Ozzy Osbourne, incitó a algunos amigos de su familia y miembros de otras bandas a sabotear la última presentación de Iron Maiden en el Anfiteatro San Manuel en San Bernardino, California el 20 de agosto,​ en un ataque que fue descrito por Rod Smallwood como "vil, peligroso, criminal y cobarde, un irrespeto a los fanáticos que pagaron una entrada para ver a su banda tocar un concierto completo".​ Sharon ordenó que el sonido de la banda fuera cortado, retrasó la entrada de la mascota Eddie the Head​ y alentó a los seguidores de su familia a arrojar huevos, tapas de botellas y encendedores desde la audiencia.​ De acuerdo a Dickinson, este ataque fue la respuesta a unas declaraciones dadas por el músico en las que criticaba los programas de telerrealidad, algo que, según él, Sharon Osbourne tomó de manera personal.​ Sin embargo, el diario The Guardian informó que Dickinson se había referido de mala manera al programa The Osbournes y había hecho mofa del uso del teleprónter en los conciertos de Ozzy Osbourne.​ Dickinson ha negado haber hecho comentarios contra Ozzy Osbourne y Black Sabbath,​ pero admitió sus críticas hacia la organización del Ozzfest, asegurando que muchas de las bandas que participaban del festival habían pagado para poder estar allí.​ Después del fallido concierto en San Bernardino, Sharon lanzó una declaración adicional donde acusaba a Dickinson de hacer varios comentarios en contra de los Estados Unidos,​ de los que no se presentó ninguna evidencia.​ Adicionalmente, Osbourne afirmó que la bandera británica exhibida por Dickinson durante la canción "The Trooper" era una falta de respeto con las tropas estadounidenses​ que en ese momento se encontraban peleando junto al ejército británico en la Guerra de Irak.​ Sharon también afirmó que Steve Harris le había presentado disculpas a su esposo Ozzy en San Bernardino por los comentarios de Dickinson,​ algo que Harris negó tiempo después, asegurando que sus palabras fueron tergiversadas.​ A comienzos de 1989, el sello discográfico Zomba le pidió a Dickinson que produjera una canción para la película de horror A Nightmare on Elm Street 5: The Dream Child,​ proporcionándole un presupuesto, un estudio y un productor, Chris Tsangarides. Dickinson aceptó la propuesta y se puso en contacto con el guitarrista Janick Gers para grabar la canción "Bring Your Daughter to the Slaughter"​ con la colaboración del bajista Andy Carr y del baterista Fabio del Río.​ "La escribí en tres minutos", afirmó Dickinson, "No se de donde salió el título, simplemente apareció en mi cabeza".​ Impresionados con los resultados, los agentes de Zomba le ofrecieron a Dickinson un contrato para grabar un álbum completo en calidad de solista.​ Con la misma alineación y el mismo productor, el álbum debut de Bruce Dickinson, Tattooed Millionaire, fue escrito y grabado en aproximadamente dos semanas y publicado en mayo de 1990 con su correspondiente gira.​ Ese mismo año Dickinson grabó el clásico de Deep Purple "Smoke on the Water" junto con otras estrellas del rock como Ritchie Blackmore, Paul Rodgers, Bryan Adams, Tony Iommi, David Gilmour y Brian May, como parte del esfuerzo benéfico Rock Aid Armenia.​ Acompañado por la banda británica Skin, produjo una versión de la canción "Elected" de Alice Cooper con el actor Rowan Atkinson (caracterizando a Mr. Bean), usada en 1992 por la organización caritativa Comic Relief​ y cinco años más tarde en la banda sonora de la película de humor Bean.​ Para su segunda producción discográfica como solista, Dickinson contó con la colaboración del productor estadounidense Keith Olsen. Mientras se encontraba trabajando en el disco en Los Ángeles, decidió abandonar la alineación de Iron Maiden.​ Descontento por la orientación que estaba tomando el proyecto con Olsen, Dickinson empezó a trabajar con el guitarrista de la banda de rock latino Tribe of Gypsies, Roy Z.​ El álbum Balls to Picasso fue grabado con la banda Tribe of Gypsies como soporte​ y publicado en 1994. El mismo año Dickinson grabó una versión de la canción "Sabbath Bloody Sabbath" con la banda Godspeed para el disco tributo a Black Sabbath Nativity in Black.​ Con la ayuda del compositor y guitarrista Alex Dickson, Bruce empezó a crear material para su nuevo disco.​ En 1994 y con su nueva banda, Bruce brindó un concierto en Sarajevo. Esta presentación fue usada para crear el documental Scream For Me Sarajevo, estrenado en 2017.​ Tras la finalización de la gira en soporte del disco Balls to Picasso, Dickinson empezó a trabajar en la grabación de su nuevo álbum, Skunkworks. El músico decidió que Skunkworks sería también el nombre de la banda, pero la compañía discográfica se rehusó a publicar el álbum sin que su nombre apareciera en la portada.​ Dickinson contrató al productor Jack Endino, recordado por producir el primer álbum de estudio de Nirvana. El proyecto Skunkworks se disolvió cuando finalizó la gira. "Estaba devastado por lo de Skunkworks", afirmó Bruce, "Skunkworks fue un disco por el que trabajé incansablemente y a nadie pareció importarle una mierda".​ Después de un breve periodo de inactividad, Dickinson se reunió nuevamente con el guitarrista Roy Z para grabar su siguiente disco, Accident of Birth. "Fue realmente Roy el que me convenció de volver a intentarlo. Me llamó por teléfono y me dijo que estaba trabajando en un nuevo material que sonaba como un álbum de metal. Yo estaba asustado, pensaba que no tenía nada para ofrecer. Pero cuando escuché por el teléfono algunas de sus canciones me di cuenta que realmente había algo allí".​ Bruce le ofreció al guitarrista Adrian Smith que tomara parte de la grabación del álbum como un segundo guitarrista, pero terminó quedándose definitivamente en la alineación.​ El álbum marcó el retorno de Bruce Dickinson al heavy metal, logrando excelentes críticas por parte de la prensa especializada. El portal Sputnikmusic remarcó: "Es un álbum satisfactorio que llena el vacío que dejó Iron Maiden durante la década de 1990".​ El siguiente disco, The Chemical Wedding, un álbum semi-conceptual basado en la obra de William Blake, fue incluso más exitoso que su predecesor. Sputnikmusic afirmó: "Bruce ha superado todas las expectativas dando vida a un álbum incluso mejor que el anterior."​ Durante la gira soporte de The Chemical Wedding fue grabada una presentación en tierras brasileñas, registrada en el álbum Scream for Me Brazil. El disco fue publicado en 1999, año en el que Smith y Dickinson regresaron a Iron Maiden. En el año 2000, Dickinson aportó la voz para la canción "Into the Black Hole" del álbum Universal Migrator Part 2: Flight of the Migrator de la banda de metal progresivo Ayreon.​ Ese mismo año colaboró con el cantante Rob Halford en la grabación de la canción "The One You Love to Hate", disponible en el álbum Resurrection de la banda Halford.​ Un álbum recopilatorio titulado The Best of Bruce Dickinson fue publicado a finales de 2001, incluyendo dos nuevas canciones y un disco de rarezas.​ Su último álbum de estudio, Tyranny of Souls, fue publicado en mayo de 2005. En esta oportunidad, la composición de las canciones se dividió entre Roy Z y Dickinson y muchas canciones fueron compuestas por Roy, quien le enviaba las grabaciones a Bruce mientras estaba de gira con Iron Maiden.​ El 21 de junio de 2005 la discografía completa de Bruce Dickinson fue relanzada con material adicional. El mismo año Bruce aportó su voz para la canción "Beast in the Light" de la banda brasileña Tribuzy.​ Un box-set compuesto por tres discos de DVD titulado Anthology fue publicado el 19 de junio de 2006, con conciertos y vídeos promocionales de toda la carrera en solitario del cantante, al igual que un vídeo clásico de Samson titulado "Biceps of Steel".​ En diciembre de 2017, Dickinson afirmó que existía la posibilidad de publicar un álbum conceptual titulado If Eternity Should Fail, el mismo nombre de la primera canción del álbum The Book of Souls de Iron Maiden, confirmando que dicha canción fue compuesta originalmente para ser usada en su nuevo trabajo como solista. "Si hago otro álbum en solitario, algo que creo que haré, podría seguir con mi plan original y titularlo If Eternity Should Fail. Fue la primera canción que escribí para él. Entonces probablemente la incluiría allí. Pero sería ligeramente diferente a la versión de Maiden". Bruce estuvo casado con Jane Dickinson entre 1983 y 1987.​ Posteriormente, se casó con Paddy Bowden, con quien tiene tres hijos: Austin (nacido en 1990), Griffin (nacido en 1992) y Kia (nacida en 1994).​ Todos nacieron en Chiswick, Londres,​ donde Dickinson ha vivido desde 1981. ​ Austin Dickinson fue el vocalista principal de la banda de metalcore Rise to Remain​ hasta que esta se disolvió en 2015. Tiempo después formó un nuevo grupo llamado As Lions.​ Griffin Dickinson, que había trabajado como técnico durante algunas giras de Iron Maiden,​ es el vocalista de la banda de hardcore melódico SHVPES.​ El primo de Bruce, Rob Dickinson, fue el cantante de la banda de rock alternativo Catherine Wheel y fundó la compañía Singer Vehicle Design, especializada en vehículos Porsche.​ En una entrevista con Sarah Montague para el programa HARDtalk de la BBC en 2012, Dickinson se describió como conservador y euroescéptico.​ En 2015 el músico se sometió a siete semanas de quimioterapia y radioterapia para combatir un tumor cancerígeno en la parte posterior de su lengua.​ Su equipo médico esperaba una total recuperación tras detectar el tumor en una primera etapa de desarrollo.​ El 15 de mayo sus especialistas le informaron que el tumor había sido controlado. En una entrevista con el periodista estadounidense Eddie Trunk, Bruce afirmó que su enfermedad había sido ocasionada por el virus del papiloma humano, probablemente adquirido por la práctica del sexo oral.​ Aparte de la música, Dickinson ha trabajado en diversos campos. Practica esgrima con un gran nivel, llegando a alcanzar la séptima posición en la clasificación de la disciplina en Gran Bretaña,​ fundando además una compañía de equipamiento para el deporte llamada "Duellists" ("duelistas" en castellano, referencia al título de una canción del álbum Powerslave de Iron Maiden).​ También es piloto de aviones y ocupó el rango de comandante para la desaparecida empresa de aviación Astraeus. Es el propietario de una empresa de mantenimiento de aviones. En 2010 Bruce asumió como director de marketing de Astraeus. Dado el amplio interés y experiencia en diferentes áreas del conocimiento, Dickinson es considerado como un polímata, siendo calificado como tal por la revista británica Intelligent Life (hoy conocida como 1843) en una edición del año 2009.​ Dickinson aprendió a volar de forma recreacional en Florida en la década de 1990​ y actualmente cuenta con una licencia de piloto. Regularmente pilotaba aviones Boeing 757 en su rol de capitán de la aerolínea de vuelos chárter Astraeus,​ en la cual también se desempeñó como director de mercadeo.​ Tras el cierre de Astraeus el 21 de noviembre de 2011, Dickinson fundó la compañía Cardiff Aviation Limited el 1 de mayo de 2012, especializada en el mantenimiento de aeronaves.​ De acuerdo a The Wall Street Journal, en enero de 2013 Cardiff Aviation había generado 40 empleos y tenía la meta de superar los 100 empleos para 2013.​ En junio de 2013, The Daily Telegraph reportó que la compañía había logrado generar alrededor de 70 nuevos empleos.​ En agosto de 2015, Cardiff Aviation firmó un contrato para brindar sus servicios a la aerolínea Air Djibouti.​ Como resultado de su experiencia en los negocios, ha sido orador en importantes eventos alrededor del mundo.​ Su papel como piloto lo ha llevado a liderar algunos vuelos de alto perfil, como el retorno de un grupo de pilotos de la Real Fuerza Aérea desde Afganistán en 2008,​ 200 ciudadanos británicos desde Líbano durante el conflicto bélico de ese país en 2006​ y 180 turistas varados en Egipto tras el colapso de la aerolínea XL Airways en septiembre de 2008.​ Adicionalmente transportó a las plantillas de los equipos de fútbol Rangers F.C. y Liverpool F.C. a jugar partidos como visitante en Israel e Italia en 2007 y 2010 respectivamente.​ En la gira Somewhere Back In Time World Tour fue el piloto del Boeing 757 que transportó a la banda y a todo su montaje en un extenso tour a nivel mundial.​ Esta experiencia fue registrada en el documental Iron Maiden: Flight 666.​ Dickinson pilotó el "Ed Force One" nuevamente para la gira The Final Frontier World Tour en 2011.​ Para la gira The Book of Souls World Tour, la banda voló en un jet Boeing 747-400, pilotado de igual manera por el cantante.​ Presentó un programa llamado Bruce Dickinson's Friday Rock Show en una emisora de radio de la BBC inglesa especializado en rock alternativo. Su última transmisión en vivo ocurrió el 28 de mayo de 2010 abandonando el formato habitual del programa para realizar un tributo personal y musical al cantante entonces recién fallecido Ronnie James Dio. También estuvo encargado del programa Monsters of Rock en otro dial de la misma radio entre 2003 y 2007.​ En 2005 fue el presentador del documental Flying Heavy Metal del canal Discovery Channel, en el que combinaba sus dos grandes aficiones, los aviones y la música.​ En 2006 presentó un documental para Sky One titulado Inside Spontaneous Human Combustion with Bruce Dickinson, en el que se investigaba el fenómeno de la combustión humana espontánea mediante la ayuda de varios expertos y la realización de varios experimentos para determinar su posible causa.​ Otras apariciones en televisión incluyen papeles de invitado en producciones como Never Mind the Buzzcocks, Space Cadets y Clarkson, programa conducido por Jeremy Clarkson.​ Dickinson también apareció en una serie de la BBC llamada The Paradise Club, interpretando el papel de un músico llamado Jake Skinner.​ Durante la gira Somewhere on Tour en 1987, Dickinson empezó a escribir su primera novela.​ El músico describió su obra The Adventures of Lord Iffy Boatrace como una mezcla entre la literatura de Tom Sharpe, el piloto ficticio Biggles y la revista Penthouse.​ Kerrang! se refirió a la misma como "un ataque satírico al fetichismo entre las clases altas".​ Tras terminar su escritura, Dickinson se dirigió a la editorial Sidgwick & Jackson, quienes, según el propio Bruce, accedieron a publicar el libro sin siquiera leerlo, basados simplemente en las ventas de los álbumes de Iron Maiden.​ Publicada en 1990, la novela vendió más de 40.000 copias en poco tiempo.​ Debido a la alta demanda, Sidgwick & Jackson pidieron a Dickinson la producción de una secuela,​ publicada en 1992 con el título The Missionary Position, una sátira al teleevangelismo.​ No se publicaron nuevas novelas de la serie, aunque Dickinson escribió las primeras 60 páginas de una precuela que pretendía contar la historia de Lord Iffy Boatrace en su adolescencia.​ Escribió el guion para la película Chemical Wedding junto al cineasta Julian Doyle, basada en la vida y obra de Aleister Crowley, el legendario místico, mago y ocultista inglés del siglo XX, fundador de la religión neopagana Thelema. La película, en la que Dickinson apareció en un pequeño cameo, fue estrenada en 2008 y contó con la actuación de Simon Callow.​ El 15 de octubre de 2015, las editoriales HarperCollins y Dey Street anunciaron la publicación de un libro con las memorias de Bruce Dickinson.​ What Does This Button Do?​ fue publicado el 19 de octubre de 2017.​ En 2013 Iron Maiden colaboró con la compañía cervecera Robinsons Brewery en la localidad de Stockport para crear la cerveza "Trooper",​ mediante una receta formulada por Dickinson con el cervecero Martyn Weeks.​ En mayo de 2014 la cerveza había vendido más de dos millones de pintas en 40 países, convirtiéndose en la exportación más exitosa de Robinsons.​ Tras el éxito de Trooper, Dickinson, un fanático de la cerveza de barril tradicional inglesa,​ declaró que tiene la intención de desarrollar más cervezas en el futuro, aunque los nuevos productos estarían "basados en Trooper y no en Iron Maiden, pues Trooper ha tomado una vida propia. La gente la bebe porque les gusta la cerveza, no porque sean fanáticos de Maiden".​ Aunque Dickinson nunca recibió un entrenamiento de voz formal, aún posee un amplio rango vocal registrado como tenor dramático. ​ Junto con Ronnie James Dio y Rob Halford, Dickinson es uno de los pioneros del estilo vocal operístico que más tarde sería adoptado por los vocalistas de power metal y regularmente aparece cerca de la cima en las listas de los mejores vocalistas de rock de todos los tiempos.​ Bruce ha afirmado que su estilo fue influenciado principalmente por los cantantes Arthur Brown, Ian Gillan de (Deep Purple), Ian Anderson (de Jethro Tull) y Peter Hammill (de Van der Graaf Generator).​ Su forma de cantar varió notablemente en la década de 1990 en la grabación de álbumes como No Prayer for the Dying, Fear of the Dark y su primer trabajo en solitario Tattooed Millionaire, haciendo uso de un sonido mucho más áspero, algo especialmente notorio en la canción "Be Quick or Be Dead" de Fear of the Dark.​ Desde su regreso a Iron Maiden en 1999, adoptó nuevamente su particular voz de la década de 1980,​ aunque su potencia ha disminuido con la edad.​ Según un informe publicado en el Daily Mirror, Dickinson tiene un rango vocal estimado de 4.25 octavas.​ Además de su capacidad vocal, Bruce es conocido por sus actuaciones enérgicas en el escenario, que ofrece constantemente a pesar de su edad.​ Considera que el público asistente debe sentir "la esencia de la experiencia de Maiden" y que su papel es "reducir el lugar para convertir un estadio de fútbol en el club más pequeño del mundo".​ Para lograr esto, insiste en mantener contacto visual con los miembros de la audiencia,​ motivándolos a gritar usando la frase "Scream for Me" ("Griten para mí").​ Constantemente critica a los artistas que no se conectan con sus fanáticos, particularmente con aquellos que "se ocultan detrás de los amplificadores" y usan teleprompters, señalando que "la gente paga un buen dinero para verlos y ellos ni siquiera pueden recordar la maldita letra de sus canciones". Discografia Oficial: https://www.discogs.com/es/artist/260980-Bruce-Dickinson

Laurie and Joe examine how technology may have increased at an astounding pace, possibly as a result of extraterrestrial influences throughout human history, most pronouncedly since the Roswell incident. Handbook to Life in Ancient Mesopotamia, (2002), S. Bertman, Oxford University Press The Cosmic Serpent: DNA and the Origins of Knowledge, (1999), J. Narby, Tarcher Perigee Publishers, New York The Manna Machine, (1978), G. Sassoon & R. Dale, Sidgwick & Jackson Publishing, Londonhttps://www-inverse-com.cdn.ampproject.org/v/s/ www.inverse.com/article/17208-the-4-types-of-conspiracy-theories-about-reverse-engineered-alien-technology/amp https://futurism.com/nine-most-amazing-darpa-projects https://www.worldhistory.org/sumer/ https://thecenacle.weebly.com/manna-machine.html https://www.ancient-code.com/the-pyramid-of-giza-and-the-ark-of-the-covenant-a-connection/Support us on Patreon.com

Adam, Phil, and Sidgwick chat about all the big wrestling talking points this week...Full Gear PREVIEW! Will MJF Become World Champion? The Elite Are Coming Back! RIP wrestling Twitter!One More Match For Stone Cold?!We answer all these questions and more, and there's a bloody good quiz all about wrestling Twitter!ENJOY!Follow us on Twitter:@AdamWilbourn@PhilMyChambers@MSidgwick@WhatCultureWWEFor more awesome content, check out: whatculture.com/wwe Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

Welcome to The Nonlinear Library, where we use Text-to-Speech software to convert the best writing from the Rationalist and EA communities into audio. This is: Naïve vs Prudent Utilitarianism, published by Richard Y Chappell on November 11, 2022 on The Effective Altruism Forum. Critics sometimes imagine that utilitarianism directs us to act disreputably whenever it appears (however fleetingly) that the act would have good consequences. Or whenever crudely calculating the most salient first-order consequences (in isolation) yields a positive number. This “naïve utilitarian” decision procedure is clearly daft, and not something that any sound utilitarian actually advocates. On the other hand, critics sometimes mistake this point for the claim that utilitarianism itself is plainly counterproductive, and necessarily advocates against its own acceptance. While that's always a conceptual possibility, I don't think it has any empirical credibility. Most who think otherwise are still making the mistake of conflating naïve utilitarianism with utilitarianism proper. The latter is a much more prudent view, as I'll now explain. Adjusting for Bias Imagine an archer, trying to hit a target on a windy day. A naive archer might ignore the wind, aim directly at the target, and (predictably) miss as their arrow is blown off-course. A more sophisticated archer will deliberately re-calibrate, superficially seeming to aim “off-target” but in a way that makes them more likely to hit. Finally, a master archer will automatically adjust as needed, doing what (to her) seems obviously how to hit the target, though to a naïve observer it might look like she was aiming awry. Is the best way to be a successful archer on a windy day to stop even trying to hit the target? Surely not. (It's conceivable that an evil demon might interfere in such a way as to make this so — i.e., so that only people genuinely trying to miss would end up hitting the target — but that's a much weirder case than what we're talking about.) The point is just that naïve targeting is likely to miss. Making appropriate adjustments to one's aim (overriding naive judgments of how to achieve the goal) is not at all the same thing as abandoning the goal altogether. And so it goes in ethics. Crudely calculating the expected utility of (e.g.) murdering your rivals and harvesting their vital organs, and naively acting upon such first-pass calculations, would be predictably disastrous. This doesn't mean that you should abandon the goal of doing good. It just means that you should pursue it in a prudent rather than naive manner. Metacoherence prohibits naïve utilitarianism “But doesn't utilitarianism direct us to maximize expected value?” you may ask. Only in the same way that norms of archery direct our archer to hit the target. There's nothing in either norm that requires (or even permits) it to be pursued naively, without obviously-called-for bias adjustments. This is something that has been stressed by utilitarian theorists from Mill and Sidgwick through to R.M. Hare, Pettit, and Railton—to name but a few. Here's a pithy listing from J.L. Mackie of six reasons why utilitarians oppose naïve calculation as a decision procedure: Shortage of time and energy will in general preclude such calculations. Even if time and energy are available, the relevant information commonly is not. An agent's judgment on particular issues is likely to be distorted by his own interests and special affections. Even if he were intellectually able to determine the right choice, weakness of will would be likely to impair his putting of it into effect. Even decisions that are right in themselves and actions based on them are liable to be misused as precedents, so that they will encourage and seem to legitimate wrong actions that are superficially similar to them. And, human nature being what it is, a practical working morality must not be too demanding: it is worse than useless to set standards so high that there is ...

Adam and The Dadley Boyz preview tonight's Monday Night RAW and discuss...Hell In A Cell go-home show!Handicap match contract signing!Bianca Belair vs. Asuka!Sidgwick's Double Or Nothing REVIEW!Can Shinsuke Nakamura replace Randy Orton?!ENJOY!Follow us on Twitter:@AdamWilbourn@MichaelHamflett@MSidgwick@WhatCultureWWEFor more awesome content, check out: whatculture.com/wwe See acast.com/privacy for privacy and opt-out information.

Sidgwick & Hamflett preview #AEWDynamite, including:DANHAUSEN makes his in-ring debut!CM Punk Vs. John Silver!Adam Cole Vs. Dax Harwood!Ricky Starks Vs. Jungle Boy: FTW Title Match!Toni Storm Vs, Jamie Hayter: Owen Hart Tournament begins!Darby Allin Vs. Jeff Hardy!Jericho Appreciation Society Victory Speech!MJF Vs. Wardlow Contract Signing! See acast.com/privacy for privacy and opt-out information.

Welcome to The Nonlinear Library, where we use Text-to-Speech software to convert the best writing from the Rationalist and EA communities into audio. This is: What is a neutral life like?, published by JackM on April 16, 2022 on The Effective Altruism Forum. (Cross-posted from my new substack The Ethical Economist: a blog covering Economics, Ethics and Effective Altruism.) Consider a life which, on bringing it into existence, neither increases nor decreases social welfare because it is perfectly neutral in quality. What is such a life like? This is a hugely important question. For Effective Altruists, the answer has implications for the value of the far future and the relative importance of saving lives versus reducing suffering. Even those not looking to improve the world should be interested - the answer also has implications for the ethics of having children and even whether or not you were wronged by being brought into existence. Despite this, the question has been given surprisingly little attention in both EA and non-EA circles. But what have those who have looked into this question had to say? Well let me take you through the literature. Indifference between life and death The great philosopher Henry Sidgwick's view was that a person is at the zero-level of wellbeing when they are indifferent between suicide and continuing to live. This seems pretty intuitive - if you choose to keep living, your life is probably a good one, and vice versa. Under this definition, the vast majority of people live positive lives. After all, most people don't kill themselves. Not so fast says renowned economist Partha Dasgupta. The idea that someone who wants to continue living must be living a life of positive welfare ignores the badness of death. It is certainly possible for someone to be living a negative life, but be reluctant to end it because the subjective badness of killing oneself is greater than the badness of continuing to live. Death is indeed highly unpleasant, for various reasons. Dasgupta writes: Religious prohibition, fear of the process of dying (the possibility of suffering pain, the feeling of isolation), the thought that one would be betraying family and friends, and the deep resistance to the idea of taking one's own life that has been built into us through selection pressure would cause someone even in deep misery to balk. It may even be that no matter what life throws at us we adjust to it, if only to make it possible to carry on. I think Daspugta is correct - someone who is indifferent between living on and taking their own life is clearly below the zero-level. This is also intuitive - we would usually say that someone on the brink of suicide is living a miserable life. The creation test Dasgupta's criticism of Sidgwick is compelling, but does he have anything to say himself on what the zero-level might be? Yes - Dasgupta's proposal is that instead of thinking about the zero-level in terms of one's preference to continue to exist or not, we should think about what kind of life we would comfortably create. When solely considering the welfare of a new person, we wouldn't create them if they were to live a life of negative welfare. Therefore the absolute worst life we would be willing to create would be one of zero welfare. The creation test is an interesting proposal, but how useful is it? Is there a good way to determine which lives we should be willing to create? As philosopher Christopher Cowie points out, the natural approach would be to ask whether the potential person's life would, in terms of its own welfare, be net good or bad. The problem with this approach is that it would render the creation test redundant. If we want to say that being willing to create someone for their own sake is the way to figure out if that person has positive welfare, we can't then use positive welfare as the starting point to decide if we are willing to create someone - this would be circular. If the creation test is to be useful ...

Adam, Sidgwick, and Andy chat about all the big wrestling talking points this week and preview AEW Revolution...Will any titles change hands?Who wins the Face Of The Revolution ladder match?Jon Moxley vs. Bryan Danielson!Can Eddie Kingston earn Chris Jericho's respect?What happens in the Dog Collar match?!We answer all these questions and more, and there's a bloody good quiz all about the Revolution & wrestling Andys!ENJOY!Follow us on Twitter:@AdamWilbourn@MSidgwick@AndyHMurray@WhatCultureWWEFor more awesome content, check out: whatculture.com/wwe See acast.com/privacy for privacy and opt-out information.

Adam, Sidgwick, and Phil chat about all the big wrestling talking points this week...Cody Rhodes QUITS AEW for WWE!Elimination Chamber PREVIEW!Wrestling Observer Awards!Samoa Joe teases wrestling comeback!Stone Cold Steve Austin returning at WrestleMania?!We answer all these questions and more, and there's a bloody good quiz all about this mad week!ENJOY!Follow us on Twitter:@AdamWilbourn@MSidgwick@PhilMyChambers@WhatCultureWWEFor more awesome content, check out: whatculture.com/wwe See acast.com/privacy for privacy and opt-out information.

Wilbourn is away so Phil, Andy and Sidgwick talk all things wrestling including:Cody setting himself on fire!How to fix NXT 2.0?Booking WrestleMania?!Quiz about Wrestlers bands!Follow us:@PhilMyChambers@MSidgwick@AndyHMurray See acast.com/privacy for privacy and opt-out information.

Sidgwick and Murray review AEW Rampage and discuss...Darby Allin's bumping masterclass!The latest fixture in the TBS Title tournamentAEW feeling way too much like WWE on Fridays...ENJOY!Follow us on Twitter:@MSidgwick@andyhmurray@WhatCultureWWE See acast.com/privacy for privacy and opt-out information.

Adam and The Dadley Boyz discuss the worst wrestling moments of this year...Black Wednesday!WWE Super Showdown!AEW's Broken Rules match!Swamp Fight!Sidgwick's WORST WRESTLING MOMENT EVER?!ENJOY!Follow us on Twitter:@AdamWilbourn@MSidgwick@WhatCultureWWEFor more awesome content, check out: whatculture.com/wwe See acast.com/privacy for privacy and opt-out information.

Cameron Sidgwick returns for another chat with Clive to talk tools, his favourite projects and more!

Cameron Sidgwick joins Clive to discuss working in London for Maddison & Sons - Artisan Construction Company with Fine attention to Detail. Cameron also discusses is side projects creating unique and innovative furniture as - Rustic.Frames on Instagram.

As the year slowly slips away and the autumn leaves remind us of our inescapable mortality, it's time for another episode of Nerds Amalgamated.First up this week, Valve is leaking and blowing off some steam. The entire source code for TF2 and CSGO has been leaked, and Valve News Network's source has some interesting rumours about Half Life 3.The PS5 finally has a release date and a price. It's finally time to move to the next generation of consoles, but don't make space in your TV cabinet just yet.More anime is becoming live action. Because that's exactly what everyone was begging for. This time it's Cowboy Bebop season 2 and One Punch Man.But in another nightmare, your Ego has a big part to play in the frequency of nightmares. Is self-affirmation a more effective dream weapon than Freddy Kruger's claws?This week, Professor went Old Skool and played Objects in Space, a modempunk space adventure. DJ chose a demolition derby to knock out some stress and Dev-i isn't ready to leave the VR Chat world just yet.Come back next time for more Nerdy News.Valve is leaking- https://twitter.com/CSGO/status/1253075594901774336- https://www.zdnet.com/article/valve-says-its-safe-to-play-csgo-and-tf2-after-source-code-leaked-online/- https://www.newsweek.com/valve-source-code-leaks-online-developer-says-no-reason-alarmed-1499628All things PS5 including production and release date- https://www.notebookcheck.net/PlayStation-5-mass-production-to-begin-in-June-with-simultaneous-global-launch-planned-PS5-reveal-event-could-land-in-late-May-or-early-June.462066.0.html- https://www.express.co.uk/entertainment/gaming/1271365/PS5-reveal-date-and-price-latest-Sony-has-good-news-and-bad-news-for-fansAnime turning into live action- https://observer.com/2020/04/netflix-cowboy-bebop-season-2-live-action-john-cho/- https://variety.com/2020/film/news/sony-film-manga-one-punch-man-venom-writers-1234585282/Nightmare on Ego street- https://www.psypost.org/2020/04/new-study-finds-ego-strength-predicts-nightmare-frequency-56488?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=new-study-finds-ego-strength-predicts-nightmare-frequency- https://psycnet.apa.org/record/2019-74996-001Games PlayedProfessor– Objects In Space - https://store.steampowered.com/app/824070/Objects_in_Space/Rating: 4/5DJ– KillSteel - https://store.steampowered.com/app/1269550/KillSteel/Rating: 3/5Dev-i-Boy– VRChat - https://store.steampowered.com/app/438100/VRChat/Rating: 4/5Other topics discussedValve source code comment- https://i.redd.it/chodbngq4fu41.jpgSuper Smash Bros. Ultimate - E3 2018 - Nintendo Switch- https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=L93H7YC-83oHunt Down The Freeman (Half-Life 2 fan-game that was developed and published by Royal Rudius Entertainment and released commercially on Steam on February 23rd, 2018)- https://store.steampowered.com/app/723390/Hunt_Down_The_Freeman/Cremator (The Cremator, also known as the Combine Janitor, is a passive enemy cut from Half-Life 2.)- https://half-life.fandom.com/wiki/CrematorAxel Gembe - The Half Life 2 hacker- https://www.eurogamer.net/articles/2011-02-21-the-boy-who-stole-half-life-2-articleFacebook hires hacker who started Sony war- https://www.independent.co.uk/life-style/gadgets-and-tech/news/facebook-hires-hacker-who-started-sony-war-2304075.htmlWhite hat hackers (The term "white hat" in Internet slang refers to an ethical computer hacker, or a computer security expert, who specializes in penetration testing and in other testing methodologies that ensures the security of an organization's information systems. White hat hackers may also work in teams called "sneakers",red teams, or tiger teams.)- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/White_hat_(computer_security)PS5 controller: the DualSense- https://www.gamesradar.com/au/ps5-controller-dualshock-5/Xbox Series X logo reveal- https://www.eurogamer.net/articles/2020-04-22-heres-the-xbox-series-x-logoVidal Sassoon logo- http://logok.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/12/Vidal-Sassoon-logo-300x220.pngXbox Series X- https://www.microsoft.com/en-au/p/xbox-series-x/8wj714n3rbtl- https://www.xbox.com/en-AU/consoles/xbox-series-xXbox 360 technical problems (The Xbox 360 video game console is subject to a number of technical problems and failures that can render it unusable. However, many of the issues can be identified by a series of glowing red lights flashing on the face of the console; the three flashing red lights (nicknamed the "Red Ring of Death" or the "RRoD") being the most infamous.)- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xbox_360_technical_problemsDenis Villeneuve Explains Why ‘Dune’ Will Be Split into Two Movies- https://collider.com/dune-two-movies-sequel-explained-reason-why-denis-villeneuve/J.J. Abrams Developing Remake of Japanese Hit ‘Your Name’ With Paramount- https://variety.com/2017/film/news/j-j-abrams-your-name-remake-paramount-1202574994/Popeye (Popeye was a cancelled 2016 film based off the Popeye cartoon characters)- https://cancelled-movies.fandom.com/wiki/Popeye_(2016_animated_film)Objects In Space – Build Your Own Control Panel- https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=I270vSrTIukClose Encounters of The Third Kind - Ship In The Dessert- https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cTcKFCw2MO0Absolute Beginners ("Absolute Beginners" is a song written and recorded by English singer-songwriter David Bowie.)- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Absolute_Beginners_(David_Bowie_song)- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Absolute_Beginners_(David_Bowie_song)#Production_creditsFrank Herbert's Children of Dune (Frank Herbert's Children of Dune is a three-part science fiction miniseries written by John Harrison and directed by Greg Yaitanes, based on Frank Herbert's novels Dune Messiah and Children of Dune.)- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frank_Herbert%27s_Children_of_DuneDune (Dune is a 1984 American epic science fiction film written and directed by David Lynch and based on the 1965 Frank Herbert novel of the same name.)- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dune_(1984_film)The Loch Ness Monster: The Story of The Surgeon’s Photograph- https://www.donttakepictures.com/dtp-blog/2017/4/19/the-loch-ness-monster-turns-83-the-story-of-the-surgeons-photographThe Private Life of Sherlock Holmes (The Private Life of Sherlock Holmes is a 1970 DeLuxe Color film in Panavision written and produced by Billy Wilder and I. A. L. Diamond, and directed by Wilder.)- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Private_Life_of_Sherlock_HolmesThe Private Life of Sherlock Holmes Nessie prop found- https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-scotland-highlands-islands-36024638Dell : We just have better computers…- https://www.theverge.com/2018/4/11/17226064/dell-china-laptop-pubg-cheatingTroubling Issues (TNC podcast)- https://thatsnotcanon.com/troublingissuespodcastThat’s Not COVID (TNC podcast)- https://thatsnotcanon.com/thatsnotcovidpodcastShout Outs15 April 2020 – Brian Dennehy American actor of stage, television, and film, passed away at 81 - https://variety.com/2020/film/news/brian-dennehy-dead-dies-tommy-boy-first-blood-1234582309/Brian Dennehy, the winner of two Tonys in a career that also spanned films including “Tommy Boy,” “First Blood” and “Cocoon,” and television roles including “Dynasty” and “Death of a Salesman,”. His daughter, actress Elizabeth Dennehy, tweeted on Thursday, “It is with heavy hearts we announce that our father, Brian, passed away last night from natural causes, not Covid-related. Larger than life, generous to a fault, a proud and devoted father and grandfather, he will be missed by his wife, Jennifer, family and many friends,” The actor made his TV and feature debut in 1977, from that point he maintained a heavy work load for decades. In 1982 his profile increased significantly thanks to his effective performance in the role of Teasle, the sadistic small-town police chief who is Sylvester Stallone’s lead adversary in “First Blood.” One of Dennehy’s most memorable film roles came in Alan J. Pakula’s 1990 adaptation of Turow’s bestselling novel “Presumed Innocent,” starring Harrison Ford as the Chicago assistant district attorney on trial for the murder of a co-worker with whom he had an affair. Dennehy played his boss, who’s up for re-election and has multiple divided loyalties, with a subtlety that was necessary. He died from sepsis in New Haven, Connecticut.15 April 2020 - Allen Daviau, American cinematographer passed away at 77 - https://variety.com/2020/film/news/allen-daviau-dead-dies-e-t-empire-of-the-sun-1234582518/Cinematographer Allen Daviau, a five-time Academy Award nominee for films including Steven Spielberg’s “E.T. the Extra Terrestrial” and “Empire of the Sun”. Food editor and writer Colman Andrews wrote on Twitter that Daviau had died of coronavirus at the MPTF hospital. “RIP Allen Daviau, my friend of almost 60 years, cinematographer and bon vivant, five-time Academy Award nominee, dining companion extraordinaire, pure soul, who left us last night at the MPTF Hospital, his longtime home, after contracting COVID-19. Salut, mon ami.” Daviau, a New Orleans native, was nominated for best cinematography Oscars for Spielberg movies “The Color Purple,” “Empire of the Sun,” and “E.T. the Extraterrestrial” — along with two Barry Levinson films, “Avalon” and “Bugsy.” He also shot the Gobi desert sequence for Spielberg’s “Close Encounters of the Third Kind.” In 1983, he talked to American Cinematographer magazine about prepping the “E.T.” shoot, “We sat down with Steven and started screening movies together. This is the best way I know to get started, watching our own movies and other people’s movies, discussing them, evolving the style we want. We watched Night of the Hunter, Alien, Apocalypse Now, Last Tango in Paris — I forget what all.” Daviau described his favorite scene in “E.T.” to the magazine: “It would be the one in which the youngster [Henry Thomas] says, ‘I’m keeping him.’ The little girl [Drew Barrymore] walks forward, there are highlights in E.T.’s eyes, no detail in the face, and the light is yellow, the effect is very much that of a Maxfield Parrish painting.” He died from complications of COVID-19 in Los Angeles,California.16 April 2020 - Gene Deitch, American animator & filmmaker passed away at 95 - https://news.expats.cz/weekly-czech-news/american-animator-longtime-prague-expat-gene-deitch-passes-away-at-age-95/Gene Deitch was an American Oscar-winning illustrator, animator, film director and producer, he directed 13 episodes of “Tom and Jerry” and also some of the “Popeye the Sailor” series. As an animator, he got the Gold Medal of the New York Art Directors Club for the best commercials twice at end of the 1940s and the beginning of the 1950s. These works of his were the first to enter the Museum of Modern Art in New York. Deitch said he loved Prague, where he had shot 70 animated films and seven TV series and was very happy there. He won the Winsor McCay Award for his lifetime contributions in animation in 2004, which he appreciated more than the Oscar, he admitted in one of his interviews. He died from cardiac arrest in Prague.17 April 2020 - Matthew Seligman, New Wave Bassist For The Soft Boys And David Bowie passed away at 64 - https://variety.com/2020/music/news/matthew-seligman-dead-dies-coronavirus-bassist-david-bowie-1234584453/Matthew Seligman, was a member of The Soft Boys and the Thompson Twins, and was a sideman for Thomas Dolby. Seligman was also a member of Bruce Woolley & The Camera Club and The Dolphin Brothers. Seligman joined Bowie during his 1985 Live Aid performance and played bass on the soundtrack for his 1986 film “Labyrinth.” His longtime friend and fellow musician Thomas Dolby shared details about Seligman’s death in a Facebook post, saying he suffered a severe hemorrhagic stroke on Friday. He had also been in an induced coma for two weeks after testing positive for coronavirus in St. George’s University Hospital in London. Dolby posted a photo of Seligman with lyrics from his song “I Love You Goodbye.” “Some words are sad to sing. Some leave me tongue-tied. But the hardest words I know are I love you goodbye,” he wrote. He died from complications of COVID-19 in London.Remembrances21 April 1965 - Edward Victor Appleton - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edward_Victor_AppletonEnglish physicist, Nobel Prize winner (1947) and pioneer in radiophysics. He studied, and was also employed as a lab technician, at Bradford College from 1909 to 1911. He won the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1947 for his seminal work proving the existence of the ionosphere during experiments carried out in 1924. Appleton had observed that the strength of the radio signal from a transmitter on a frequency such as the medium wave band and over a path of a hundred miles or so was constant during the day but that it varied during the night. This led him to believe that it was possible that two radio signals were being received. It was sensible to suggest these variations were due to the interference of two waves but an extra step to show that the second wave causing the interference (the first being the ground wave) was coming down from the ionosphere. The basic idea behind Appleton’s work is so simple that it is hard to understand at first how he devoted almost all his scientific career to its study. Thanks to Appleton’s research, the periods when these would occur could be predicted and communication could be switched to wavelengths that would be least affected. Radar, was one that came about thanks to Appleton’s work. On a very general level, his research consisted in determining the distance of reflecting objects from radio signal transmitters. This is exactly the idea of radar and the flashing dots that appear on the screen scanned by the circulating ‘searcher’ bar. This system was developed partly by Appleton as a new method, called the pulse method, to make ionospheric measurements. It was later adapted by Robert Watson-Watt to detect aeroplanes. Nowadays, ionospheric data is important when communications with satellites are considered. He died at the age of 72 in Edinburgh.21 April 2016 – Prince - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prince_(musician)Prince Rogers Nelson, American singer, songwriter, musician, record producer, dancer, actor, and filmmaker. A guitar virtuoso and multi-instrumentalist known for his eclectic genre-crossing work, flamboyant and androgynous persona, energetic live shows and wide-ranging singing voice, in particular his far reaching falsetto and high-pitched screams, Prince is regarded as one of the greatest, versatile and most successful musicians in the history of popular music. His innovative music integrated a wide variety of styles, including funk, R&B, rock, new wave, soul, psychedelia and pop. Prince pioneered the late 1970s Minneapolis sound, a funk rock sub genre drawing from synth-pop and new wave. He sold over 100 million records worldwide, ranking him among the best-selling music artists of all time. He won seven Grammy Awards, seven Brit Awards, six American Music Awards, four MTV Video Music Awards, an Academy Award, and a Golden Globe Award. He was also honored with special awards including the Grammy President's Merit Award, American Music Awards for Achievement and of Merit, and the Billboard Icon Award. He was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 2004, the UK Music Hall of Fame in 2006, and the Rhythm and Blues Music Hall of Fame in 2016. In 2016, he was posthumously honored with a Doctor of Humane Letters by the University of Minnesota. Rolling Stone placed him among its list of the 100 Greatest Artists of All Time. He died from accidental overdose of fentanyl at the age of 57 in Chanhassen, Minnesota.21 April 2018 - Verne Troyer - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Verne_TroyerAmerican actor, comedian, and stunt performer who played Mini-Me in the Austin Powers film series. He had cartilage–hair hypoplasia and was 2 ft 8 in (81 cm) tall. Troyer first met with Jay Roach to discuss portraying Mini-Me in the Austin Powers series, Myers was impressed with Troyer's performance, rewriting the script for Austin Powers: The Spy Who Shagged Me to give Mini-Me more screen time and remove the character's death. Troyer reprised the role three years later in Austin Powers in Goldmember, and collaborated again with Myers on The Love Guru. After reaching a large audience as Mini-Me, Troyer portrayed the goblin Griphook in Harry Potter and the Sorcerer's Stone and played the role of Percy in Terry Gilliam's fantasy film The Imaginarium of Doctor Parnassus. He died from suicide at the age of 49 in Los Angeles,California.Famous Birthdays21 April 1816 - Charlotte Brontë - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charlotte_Bront%C3%ABEnglish novelist and poet, the eldest of the three Brontë sisters who survived into adulthood and whose novels became classics of English literature. In 1839 she undertook the role as governess for the Sidgwick family but left after a few months to return to Haworth where the sisters opened a school, but failed to attract pupils. Instead, they turned to writing and they each first published in 1846 under the pseudonyms of Currer, Ellis and Acton Bell. While her first novel, The Professor, was rejected by publishers, her second novel, Jane Eyre, was published in 1847. The book's style was innovative, combining naturalism with gothicmelodrama, and broke new ground in being written from an intensely evoked first-person female perspective. Brontë believed art was most convincing when based on personal experience; in Jane Eyre she transformed the experience into a novel with universal appeal. She was born in Thornton.21 April 1915 - Garrett Hardin - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Garrett_HardinAmerican ecologist and proponent of eugenics who warned of the dangers of human overpopulation. He is most famous for his exposition of the tragedy of the commons, in a 1968 paper of the same title in Science, which called attention to "the damage that innocent actions by individuals can inflict on the environment". He is also known for Hardin's First Law of Human Ecology: "We can never do merely one thing. Any intrusion into nature has numerous effects, many of which are unpredictable." In 1968, Hardin applied his conceptual model developed in his essay "The tragedy of the commons" to human population growth, the use of the Earth's natural resources, and the welfare state. Hardin blamed the welfare state for allowing the tragedy of the commons; where the state provides for children and supports over-breeding as a fundamental human right, Hardin stated in his analysis of the tragedy of the commons that "Freedom in a commons brings ruin to all." He was born in Dallas, Texas.21 April 1979 - James McAvoy - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_McAvoyScottish actor. He made his acting debut as a teen in The Near Room (1995) and made mostly television appearances until 2003, when his feature film career began. His notable television work includes the thriller State of Play and the science fiction miniseries Frank Herbert's Children of Dune. He has performed in several West End productions and received three nominations for the Laurence Olivier Award for Best Actor, and has also done voice work for animated films including Gnomeo & Juliet, its sequel, Sherlock Gnomes, and Arthur Christmas. In 2003, McAvoy appeared in a lead role in Bollywood Queen, then another lead role as Rory in Inside I'm Dancing in 2004. This was followed by a supporting role, as the faun Mr. Tumnus, in The Chronicles of Narnia: The Lion, the Witch and the Wardrobe. His performance in Kevin Macdonald's drama The Last King of Scotland garnered him several award nominations, including the BAFTA Award for Best Supporting Actor. The critically acclaimed romantic drama war film Atonement earned him a Golden Globe Award nomination and his second BAFTA nomination. He later appeared as a newly trained assassin in the action thriller Wanted. In 2011, McAvoy played Professor Charles Xavier in the superhero film X-Men: First Class, a role he reprised in X-Men: Days of Future Past, X-Men: Apocalypse, Deadpool 2 and Dark Phoenix. In 2016, he portrayed Kevin Wendell Crumb, a man with 23 alternate personalities, in M. Night Shyamalan's Split, for which he received critical acclaim, and later reprised the role for the sequel Glass. He was born in Glasgow.Events of Interest21 April 1918 – German flying ace, “Red Baron,” killed in action - https://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/red-baron-killed-in-action-2In the well-trafficked skies above the Somme River in France, Baron Manfred von Richthofen, the notorious German flying ace known as the Red Baron,” is killed by Allied fire. On April 21, 1918, with 80 victories under his belt, Richthofen led his squadron of triplanes deep into Allied territory in France on a search for British observation aircraft. The flight drew the attention of an Allied squadron led by Canadian Royal Air Force pilot Captain Arthur Roy Brown. As Richthofen pursued a plane piloted by Brown’s compatriot, Wilfred R. May, the Red Baron ventured too far into enemy territory and too low to the ground. Two miles behind the Allied lines, just as Brown caught up with Richthofen and fired on him, the chase passed over an Australian machine-gun battery, whose riflemen opened fire. Richthofen was hit in the torso; though he managed to land his plane alongside the road from Corbie to Bray, near Sailley-le-Sac, he was dead by the time Australian troops reached him. Brown is often given credit for downing Richthofen from the air, though some claimed it was actually an Australian gunner on the ground who fired the fatal shot; debate continues to this day.21 April 1934 – The "Surgeon's Photograph", the most famous photo allegedly showing the Loch Ness Monster, is published in the Daily Mail (in 1999, it is revealed to be a hoax) - http://www.myday.si/index.php?c=events&view=detail&id=450&d=21&m=4The "Surgeon's Photograph" purported to be the first photo of a "head and neck". Dr. Wilson claimed he was looking at the loch when he saw the monster, so grabbed his camera and snapped five photos. After the film was developed, only two exposures were clear. The first photo (the more publicised one) shows what was claimed to be a small head and back. The second one, a blurry image, attracted little publicity because it was difficult to interpret what was depicted. Wilson's refusal to have his name associated with the photograph led to it being called "Surgeon's Photograph". The strangely small ripples on the photo fit the size and circular pattern of small ripples as opposed to large waves when photographed up close. Analysis of the original uncropped image fostered further doubt.21 April 1989 - Tiananmen Square protests of 1989: In Beijing, around 100,000 students gather in Tiananmen Square to commemorate Chinese reform leader Hu Yaobang. - https://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/chinese-students-begin-protests-at-tiananmen-squareSix days after the death of Hu Yaobang, the deposed reform-minded leader of the Chinese Communist Party, some 100,000 students gather at Beijing’s Tiananmen Square to commemorate Hu and voice their discontent with China’s authoritative communist government. The next day, an official memorial service for Hu Yaobang was held in Tiananmen’s Great Hall of the People was broadcast live to the students. General secretary Zhao Ziyang delivered the eulogy. The funeral seemed rushed, and only lasted 40 minutes, as emotions ran high in the Square. Students wept. Security cordoned off the east entrance to the Great Hall of the People, but several students pressed forward. A few were allowed to cross the police line. Student representatives carried a petition to the steps of the Great Hall, demanding to meet with Premier Li Peng. The larger number of students still in the Square but outside the cordon were at times emotional, shouting demands or slogans and rushing toward police. The Chinese government refused such a meeting, leading to a general boycott of Chinese universities across the country and widespread calls for democratic reforms.IntroArtist – Goblins from MarsSong Title – Super Mario - Overworld Theme (GFM Trap Remix)Song Link - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-GNMe6kF0j0&index=4&list=PLHmTsVREU3Ar1AJWkimkl6Pux3R5PB-QJFollow us onFacebook- Page - https://www.facebook.com/NerdsAmalgamated/- Group - https://www.facebook.com/groups/440485136816406/Twitter - https://twitter.com/NAmalgamatedSpotify - https://open.spotify.com/show/6Nux69rftdBeeEXwD8GXrSiTunes - https://itunes.apple.com/au/podcast/top-shelf-nerds/id1347661094RSS - http://www.thatsnotcanonproductions.com/topshelfnerdspodcast?format=rssInstagram - https://www.instagram.com/nerds_amalgamated/General EnquiriesEmail - Nerds.Amalgamated@gmail.comRate & Review us on Podchaser - https://www.podchaser.com/podcasts/nerds-amalgamated-623195

------------------Support the channel------------ Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/thedissenter PayPal: paypal.me/thedissenter PayPal Subscription 1 Dollar: https://tinyurl.com/yb3acuuy PayPal Subscription 3 Dollars: https://tinyurl.com/ybn6bg9l PayPal Subscription 5 Dollars: https://tinyurl.com/ycmr9gpz PayPal Subscription 10 Dollars: https://tinyurl.com/y9r3fc9m PayPal Subscription 20 Dollars: https://tinyurl.com/y95uvkao ------------------Follow me on--------------------- Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/thedissenteryt/ Twitter: https://twitter.com/TheDissenterYT Anchor (podcast): https://anchor.fm/thedissenter THIS INTERVIEW IS IN PORTUGUESE. O Dr. Pedro Galvão ensina no Departamento de Filosofia da Faculdade de Letras da Universidade de Lisboa, onde também é membro do Centro de Filosofia. Nesta unidade de investigação, pertence ao grupo LanCog. É Diretor de Curso da Licenciatura em Filosofia e do Doutoramento em Ética, Democracia e Desafios Societais. Interessa-se por ética filosófica e também por várias questões de metafísica. No campo da história da filosofia, tem-se concentrado nos grandes filósofos dos séculos XVII e XVIII, bem como na filosofia moral britânica da Era Vitoriana. Tem vindo a defender obsessivamente o consequencialismo das regras, que consiste, grosso modo, na ideia de que devemos agir segundo o código moral cuja aceitação colectiva resultaria nas melhores consequências. Traduziu para Português os Métodos do Sidgwick, o Utilitarismo do Mill e outras obras filosóficas. Escreve também ficção especulativa. Neste episódio, falamos acerca ética. Primeiro, discutimos a distinção que algumas pessoas fazem entre ética e moral, e relacionamos a Ética com outros ramos da filosofia, nomeadamente a Epistemologia, a Metafísica e a Política. De seguida, abordamos o utilitarismo, e falamos do contratualismo de John Rawls. Então, entramos naquele que será talvez o maior problema da metaética, o da objetividade da ética, e as diferentes maneiras de tornar a Ética objetiva. Abordamos também o problema da discordância entre diferentes filósofos e pessoas comuns. Por fim, falamos sobre a ética do aborto e a ética da eutanásia, e todas os principais critérios, princípios e complicações associadas. -- Sigam o trabalho do Pedro: Página de docente: http://bit.ly/2KwfkSZ Website pessoal: http://bit.ly/2qegpIw Ética Com Razões: http://bit.ly/2Qx478t A Ética do Aborto: http://bit.ly/2sVAG6T -- A HUGE THANK YOU TO MY PATRONS/SUPPORTERS: KARIN LIETZCKE, ANN BLANCHETTE, PER HELGE LARSEN, LAU GUERREIRO, JERRY MULLER, HANS FREDRIK SUNDE, BERNARDO SEIXAS, HERBERT GINTIS, RUTGER VOS, RICARDO VLADIMIRO, BO WINEGARD, VEGA GIDEY, CRAIG HEALY, OLAF ALEX, PHILIP KURIAN, JONATHAN VISSER, DAVID DIAS, ANJAN KATTA, JAKOB KLINKBY, ADAM KESSEL, MATTHEW WHITINGBIRD, ARNAUD WOLFF, TIM HOLLOSY, HENRIK AHLENIUS, JOHN CONNORS, PAULINA BARREN, FILIP FORS CONNOLLY, DAN DEMETRIOU, ROBERT WINDHAGER, RUI INACIO, ARTHUR KOH, ZOOP, MARCO NEVES, MAX BEILBY, COLIN HOLBROOK, SUSAN PINKER, THOMAS TRUMBLE, PABLO SANTURBANO, SIMON COLUMBUS, PHIL KAVANAGH, JORGE ESPINHA, AND CORY CLARK! A SPECIAL THANKS TO MY PRODUCERS, YZAR WEHBE, ROSEY, JIM FRANK, ŁUKASZ STAFINIAK, IAN GILLIGAN, SERGIU CODREANU, AND LUIS CAYETANO! AND TO MY EXECUTIVE PRODUCER, MICHAL RUSIECKI!

Adam, Phil, and Sidgwick chat about all the big wrestling talking points this week and review Elimination Chamber...Could WrestleMania be cancelled?Why does everyone hate Shayna Baszler?The Undertaker vs. AJ Styles!Sami Zayn - Intercontinental Champion!What does the future hold for wrestling?!We answer all these questions and more, and there's a bloody good quiz all about the The Undertaker & Kane!ENJOY!Follow us on Twitter:@AdamWilbourn@PhilMyChambers@MSidgwick@WhatCultureWWEFor more awesome content, check out: whatculture.com/wwe See acast.com/privacy for privacy and opt-out information.

Phil, Adam and Sidgwick chat about all the big wrestling talking points this week...WWE's financial situation and the future of the WWE NetworkCody taking 10 lashings from MJF on AEW DynamiteCharlotte returning to NXTHow high will Brock Lesnar throw Ricochet?Who's next for Goldberg?We answer all these questions and more, and there's a bloody good quiz all about Goldberg!ENJOY!Follow us on Twitter:@PhilMyChambers@ItsAdamNicholas@MichaelSidgwickFor more awesome content, check out: whatculture.com/wwe See acast.com/privacy for privacy and opt-out information.

In this episode, I have the pleasure of hosting Professor Peter Singer. Professor Singer gives an introduction to the theory of utilitarianism, the main arguments for it, and what major utilitarianists such as Bentham, Mill, Sidgwick, and Singer himself have contributed to the theory. Professor Singer also gives an overview of different types of utilitarianism and explains how utilitarianism is linked to his work on animal ethics. Twitter: twitter.com/PremisePodcast Facebook: facebook.com/PremisePodcast Soundcloud: @PremisePodcast The podcast is also available on Google Podcasts, Apple Podcasts, Stitcher, and Spotify. Email: premisepodcast@gmail.com Please consider supporting Premise Podcast on Patreon to help bring philosophy to the public and also enjoy all the benefits of becoming a patron for Premise Podcast. Patreon: www.patreon.com/PremisePodcast

We talk about ethical egoism, which Rupert seems to feel is dismissed a little bit too lightly, and we hear about how he's going to try to defend it. While Rupert’s talking about ethics and about what determines or fixes ethical truths – where they come from – at the same time in the background there are lot of other issues about political philosophy and authority and freedom and the state. I cut some of that discussion out just to help keep this episode focused on a particular subject, but Rupert's made some reading suggestions for you to follow-up, and they cover some of these broader topics. So, some things for you to explore: * An introductory / survey article to get started is this one by James Rachels, 'Ethical Egoism', in Shafer-Landau, R (ed.) Ethical Theory: An Anthology.: Wiley-Blackwell, pp. 48-53 * This collected volume of papers on the topic comes hotly recommended: David Gauthier (ed.) Morality and Rational Self-Interest. New Jersey: Prentice Hall, 1970. * Rupert mentions Sidgwick's 'rational egoism', which is discussed in his 1872 book The Methods of Ethics. * A slightly more recent piece that comes up in our discussion is by Jesse Kalin (from 1975) "Two Kinds of Moral Reasoning: Ethical Egoism as a Moral Theory". Canadian Journal of Philosophy, 5 (3), pp.323-356. [publisher's link (https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00455091.1975.10716116), probably paywalled, consider tweeting it using the hashtag #icanhazpdf and a burner email address on twitter to get hold of a copy] As ever, please get in touch to send any thoughts, responses, ideas, reactions, feedback or ideas about this episode or any of the others, it's always great to hear from you, particularly if you want to say encouraging things. To drop me a line you can just head over to the contact (https://www.generousquestions.co.uk/contact) page, or tweet at me on twitter (@drjoemorrison (https://twitter.com/DrJoeMorrison)) The theme music is from li_serios05 (https://store.broken20.com/album/li-series-05-jack-on-piano) by TVO on Broken20 records (https://store.broken20.com/) under Creative Commons license BY-NC-SA (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/). A transcript of this conversation is available from the episode website, just go to this episode and click on the button that says 'transcript'. The transcripts for every episode have been beautifully prepared by Becci. Thanks Becci!

  Henry Sidgwick was already something of an enigma in Cambridge less than six years after his death, and recent interest in his work has tended to compound this by re-inventing him as a modern moral philosopher. The Moral Sciences Tripos that Sidgwick led as Knightbridge Professor from 1883 had been reshaped in 1860 by John Grote, the successor in the chair to William Whewell; and so to understand the Tripos as Sidgwick first encountered it in the 1860s we need to understand quite what Grote had in mind – and Grote himself is an important figure, having in 1862 composed a running critique of John Stuart Mill's utilitarianism. Furthermore, until the foundation of the Economics Tripos in 1903 the teaching of political economy in Cambridge was directed almost entirely to the Moral Sciences Tripos. Alfred Marshall's strenuous efforts to detach the teaching of economics from the Moral Sciences Tripos have tended to distort subsequent understanding of “Cambridge Economics” from Marshall, through Pigou, to Maynard Keynes. In any case, Marshall's own economics developed from his studies of John Stuart Mill. In this lecture, Keith Tribe examines the nexus between utilitarianism, ethics and political economy, to the construction of which Mill, Grote and Sidgwick made important contributions.