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BIBLIOGRAPHYPRIMARY AND CLASSICAL SOURCESAristotle. Metaphysics. Translated by Hugh Tredennick. Harvard University Press.Aristotle. On the Heavens. Translated by W. K. C. Guthrie. Harvard University Press.Diogenes Laërtius. Lives of Eminent Philosophers, Book VIII. Translated by R. D. Hicks. Harvard University Press.Euclid. The Thirteen Books of Euclid's Elements. Translated and edited by Thomas L. Heath. Cambridge University Press.Iamblichus. On the Pythagorean Way of Life. Translated by John Dillon and Jackson Hershbell. Society of Biblical Literature.Philolaus. Fragments and Testimonia, collected and discussed in Carl A. Huffman's Philolaus of Croton.Plato. Phaedo. In Plato: Complete Works, edited by John M. Cooper. Hackett Publishing.Plato. Republic. Translated by C. D. C. Reeve. Hackett Publishing.Plato. Theaetetus. Translated by M. J. Levett and revised by Myles Burnyeat. Hackett Publishing.Plato. Timaeus. Translated by Donald J. Zeyl. Hackett Publishing.Plotinus. The Enneads. Translated by A. H. Armstrong. Harvard University Press.Porphyry. Life of Pythagoras. In The Pythagorean Sourcebook and Library, translated by Kenneth Sylvan Guthrie and edited by David R. Fideler. Phanes Press.Proclus. A Commentary on the First Book of Euclid's Elements. Translated by Glenn R. Morrow. Princeton University Press.PYTHAGORAS AND THE PYTHAGOREAN TRADITIONBurkert, Walter. Lore and Science in Ancient Pythagoreanism. Translated by Edwin L. Minar Jr. Harvard University Press, 1972.Huffman, Carl A. A History of Pythagoreanism. Cambridge University Press, 2014.Huffman, Carl A. Archytas of Tarentum: Pythagorean, Philosopher and Mathematician King. Cambridge University Press, 2005.Huffman, Carl A. Philolaus of Croton: Pythagorean and Presocratic. Cambridge University Press, 1993.Kahn, Charles H. Pythagoras and the Pythagoreans: A Brief History. Hackett Publishing, 2001.Riedweg, Christoph. Pythagoras: His Life, Teaching, and Influence. Cornell University Press, 2005.Waterfield, Robin. The First Philosophers: The Presocratics and Sophists. Oxford University Press, 2000.Zhmud, Leonid. Pythagoras and the Early Pythagoreans. Oxford University Press, 2012.PLATO, PLATONISM, AND ANCIENT COSMOLOGYAnnas, Julia. An Introduction to Plato's Republic. Oxford University Press, 1981.Cornford, Francis Macdonald. Plato's Cosmology: The Timaeus of Plato. Hackett Publishing, 1997.Dillon, John. The Middle Platonists: 80 B.C. to A.D. 220. Cornell University Press, 1996.Fowler, David. The Mathematics of Plato's Academy: A New Reconstruction. Oxford University Press, 1999.Guthrie, W. K. C. A History of Greek Philosophy, Volumes I–V. Cambridge University Press.Johansen, Thomas Kjeller. Plato's Natural Philosophy: A Study of the Timaeus-Critias. Cambridge University Press, 2004.O'Meara, Dominic J. Pythagoras Revived: Mathematics and Philosophy in Late Antiquity. Oxford University Press, 1989.Sedley, David. Creationism and Its Critics in Antiquity. University of California Press, 2007.Wallis, Richard T. Neoplatonism. Hackett Publishing, 1995.EUCLID, THE PENTAGON, AND GREEK MATHEMATICSHeath, Thomas L. A History of Greek Mathematics. Dover Publications.Heath, Thomas L. The Thirteen Books of Euclid's Elements. Cambridge University Press.Knorr, Wilbur Richard. The Evolution of the Euclidean Elements. D. Reidel Publishing, 1975.Mueller, Ian. Philosophy of Mathematics and Deductive Structure in Euclid's Elements. MIT Press, 1981.Netz, Reviel. The Shaping of Deduction in Greek Mathematics: A Study in Cognitive History. Cambridge University Press, 1999.Pappas, Theoni. The Joy of Mathematics. Wide World Publishing, for accessible visual discussion of pentagonal proportion and recursive geometry.Van der Waerden, B. L. Science Awakening. Noordhoff International Publishing.LATE ANTIQUITY, NEOPLATONISM, AND THEURGYChlup, Radek. Proclus: An Introduction. Cambridge University Press, 2012.Dillon, John. The Middle Platonists. Cornell University Press.Finamore, John F., and Sarah Iles Johnston. The Chaldean Oracles: A New Translation and Commentary. Society of Biblical Literature, 2011.Gregory, John. The Neoplatonists: A Reader. Routledge, 1999.Shaw, Gregory. Theurgy and the Soul: The Neoplatonism of Iamblichus. Angelico Press, revised edition, 2014.Smith, Andrew. Porphyry's Place in the Neoplatonic Tradition. Springer, 1974.Wallis, Richard T. Neoplatonism. Hackett Publishing.Also want to remind people about the website, if you're into reading we have tons of information by multiple contributors, and we got t-shirts up on the site if you're interested. Fun fact, the art is all based on the eyeball.
Photo: Notah Begay III, who is Diné and from the pueblos of San Felipe and Isleta, is the 2026 recipient of the Payne Stewart Award. (Courtesy PGA) The PGA Tour has bestowed one of its highest honors, the Payne Stewart Award, to a four-time PGA Tour winner who is also a citizen of the Navajo Nation. KJZZ's Gabriel Pietrorazio has details. Born and raised in Albuquerque, New Mexico, Notah Begay III excelled at swinging a club. His success on the fairway afforded him the chance to play college golf beside Tiger Woods at Stanford University – winning a national team championship in 1994. Begay is widely considered the first Indigenous golfer to compete on the PGA Tour. When accepting the award on Tuesday, Begay noted how Native Americans have the lowest graduation rates and life expectancies in the U.S. among all ethnicities. “So for me to be standing up here as a Stanford graduate with a degree in economics, four-time PGA Tour winner and a television broadcaster accepting this prestigious award is a miracle.” Entrance to White Mesa Mill in southeastern Utah. (Photo: Gabriel Pietrorazio / KJZZ) A uranium mining company missed a Monday deadline to turn over communications between its executives and the feds. KNAU's Chris Clements reports that is according to House Democrats, who have launched an investigation into Energy Fuels for potential insider trading. Two House Democrats allege the Trump administration may have tipped Energy Fuels off about the cut to Bears Ears National Monument before it happened, leading company executives to invest in their own firm. One of the Democrats is U.S. Rep. Jared Huffman, D-California. “The timing and the volume of these stock purchases are conspicuous and speak for themselves.” Huffman asked the company to send a year's worth of communications with the feds, as well as its lobbying contracts, by August 24, but Energy Fuels did not provide the materials by that deadline, according to a spokesperson for Huffman. In a statement, the company said it strongly rejects the idea that anything improper took place, but did not deny that it missed the deadline. Energy Fuels stands to benefit from less protections to the uranium-rich monument, the lawmakers argue, because the company owns the White Mesa Mill, the only conventional uranium processing mill in the United States. Gov. Tim Walz, D-Minnesota, has signed an executive order blocking new state mineral leases and halting permitting work for proposed nonferrous mining projects in the Rainy River Headwaters Watershed near the Boundary Waters. The National Congress of American Indians praised the move, saying it protects treaty rights, Tribal resources, and culturally significant lands from potential mining-related pollution. NCAI also recognized the Bois Forte, Fond du Lac, and Grand Portage Bands of Lake Superior Chippewa. The three 1854 Treaty Tribes have pushed for protections in the region and earlier this year joined the Red Lake Nation and an Anishinaabe First Nation in Canada in a cross-border effort to protect the watershed. NCAI Executive Director Larry Wright Jr. says the order provides immediate relief, but permanent protections are still needed. The organization is calling for federal legislation permanently withdrawing the Boundary Waters and Rainy River Headwaters from mineral leasing and development. Jeffery Amherst painting by Joshua Reynolds. And on this day in 1763, British commander Jeffery Amherst wrote a letter calling for the destruction of Native people resisting British expansion. The letter came during Pontiac's War, when a confederation of Native nations fought British forces around the Great Lakes and Ohio Valley. Amherst also supported efforts to spread smallpox among Native people, one of the most infamous examples of biological warfare discussed during the colonial era. Get National Native News delivered to your inbox daily. Sign up for our daily newsletter today. Download our NV1 Android or iOs App for breaking news alerts. Check out today’s Native America Calling episode Thursday, August 27, 2026 — Native Bookshelf: ‘Treat Them as Buffalo’ by Blair Palmer Yoxall
If you enjoy this episode, we're sure you will enjoy more content like this on The Occult Rejects. In fact, we have curated playlists on occult topics like grimoires, esoteric concepts and phenomena, occult history, analyzing true crime and cults with an occult lens, Para politics, and occultism in music. Whether you enjoy consuming your content visually or via audio, we've got you covered - and it will always be provided free of charge. So, if you enjoy what we do and want to support our work of providing accessible, free content on various platforms, please consider making a donation to the links provided below. Thank you and enjoy the episode!Links For The Occult Rejectshttps://linktr.ee/theoccultrejectsOccult Research Institutehttps://www.occultresearchinstitute.org/Substackhttps://substack.com/@theoccultrejects?r=7auau0&utm_campaign=profile&utm_medium=profile-pageCash Apphttps://cash.app/$theoccultrejectsVenmo@TheOccultRejectsBuy Me A Coffeebuymeacoffee.com/TheOccultRejectsPatreonhttps://www.patreon.com/TheOccultRejectsBibliographyAncient SourcesAristotle. Metaphysics.Aristotle. On the Heavens.Diogenes Laërtius. Lives of Eminent Philosophers, Book VIII.Iamblichus. Life of Pythagoras.Iamblichus. On the Pythagorean Way of Life.Nicomachus of Gerasa. Introduction to Arithmetic.Philolaus. Fragments and testimonia.Porphyry. Life of Pythagoras.Proclus. A Commentary on the First Book of Euclid's Elements.Modern ScholarshipBurkert, Walter. Lore and Science in Ancient Pythagoreanism. Harvard University Press, 1972.Fowler, David. The Mathematics of Plato's Academy: A New Reconstruction. Oxford University Press, 1999.Guthrie, W. K. C. A History of Greek Philosophy, Volume 1: The Earlier Presocratics and the Pythagoreans. Cambridge University Press, 1962.Heath, Thomas L. A History of Greek Mathematics. Oxford University Press, 1921.Heath, Thomas L. The Thirteen Books of Euclid's Elements. Cambridge University Press, 1908.Huffman, Carl A. Philolaus of Croton: Pythagorean and Presocratic. Cambridge University Press, 1993.Huffman, Carl A., ed. A History of Pythagoreanism. Cambridge University Press, 2014.Kahn, Charles H. Pythagoras and the Pythagoreans: A Brief History. Hackett, 2001.Knorr, Wilbur Richard. The Evolution of the Euclidean Elements. D. Reidel, 1975.Netz, Reviel. The Shaping of Deduction in Greek Mathematics. Cambridge University Press, 1999.Waterfield, Robin. The First Philosophers: The Presocratics and Sophists. Oxford University Press, 2000.Waterfield, Robin. Pythagoras: His Lives and the Legacy of a Rational Universe. Oxford University Press, 2010.Zhmud, Leonid. Pythagoras and the Early Pythagoreans. Oxford University Press, 2012.Useful Context on Music, Number, and Greek ThoughtBarker, Andrew. Greek Musical Writings, Volume II: Harmonic and Acoustic Theory. Cambridge University Press, 1989.Godwin, Joscelyn. The Harmony of the Spheres: A Sourcebook of the Pythagorean Tradition in Music. Inner Traditions, 1993.McClain, Ernest G. The Pythagorean Plato: Prelude to the Song Itself. Nicolas-Hays, 1978.Also want to remind people about the website, if you're into reading we have tons of information by multiple contributors, and we got t-shirts up on the site if you're interested. Fun fact, the art is all based on the eyeball.
The Save America Movement's "Fighting Democrat" series is back, and Congressman Jared Huffman is not holding back — he's exposing just how deep Christian nationalism has burrowed into American government. Huffman joins Steve Schmidt to break down the tactics and myths Christian nationalists use to advance their agenda, straight from his new book "NO PROPHETS: The Fight to Save Democracy from Christian Nationalism." Huffman is the only member of Congress to publicly identify as a Humanist, and he's watched this movement operate from inside the Capitol — attacking public schools, undermining science, and fueling the conspiracism that props up authoritarian politics. The message is loud and clear: church and state were never meant to blur. Support The Warning and become a YouTube member today! https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC2I50t9-7Ol7AjwryRv-Fiw/join Today's Merch: Got Mitch? tee: https://thewarningwithsteveschmidt.com/products/got-mitch-tee?_pos=1&_sid=10cfd6cf7&_ss=r SUBSCRIBE for more and follow me here: Substack: https://steveschmidt.substack.com/subscribe Store: https://thewarningwithsteveschmidt.com/ Bluesky: https://bsky.app/profile/thewarningses.bsky.social Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/SteveSchmidtSES/ TikTok: https://www.tiktok.com/@thewarningses Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/thewarningses/ X: https://x.com/SteveSchmidtSES
California Congressman Jared Huffman has spent more than a decade in Washington representing a district that stretches from the Golden Gate Bridge to the Oregon border. A lawyer, former environmental advocate and co-founder of the Congressional Free Thought Caucus, Huffman is also one of Congress's most outspoken secular humanists. His new book, ‘No Profits: The Fight to Save Democracy from Christian Nationalism' examines what Huffman sees as the growing influence of Christian nationalism in American government and politics.
Bill interviews California Rep. Jared Huffman about his book, “No Prophets: The Fight to Save Democracy from Christian Nationalism,” defining Christian nationalism as the fusion of fundamentalist Christian identity with Republican politics and a false claim that the U.S. was founded as a Christian nation. Huffman argues MAGA Christian nationalism is more militant and openly theocratic than earlier movements, is deeply embedded in Congress, the Trump White House, and even the Pentagon, and uses ministries and “biblically sanctioned government” rhetoric to push policy. He describes January 6 as a “Christian coup” shaped by groups like the New Apostolic Reformation and says Liz Cheney removed the religious dimension from the J6 Committee's final report. They discuss Christian Zionism's influence on U.S. Israel policy and how prophets elevated Trump as a biblical King Cyrus figure after the Supreme Court ruled for marriage equality in the Obergefell decision. You can get a copy of Congressman Huffman's great new book at your local bookstore or at Bookshop.org. Today Bill highlights the work of Americans United for Separation of Church and State. More information at AU.org .See Privacy Policy at https://art19.com/privacy and California Privacy Notice at https://art19.com/privacy#do-not-sell-my-info.
Jared Huffman is the only member of Congress to publicly state that he does not believe in any god. In politics, disavowing religion can be a liability, but Huffman argues that more than ever, the separation of church and state is vital. A formerly devout Mormon, he sees Christian nationalism as America's most dangerous political movement, especially after witnessing the January 6 insurrection up close and seeing the “ministry-industrial complex” at work in the halls of Congress. Huffman lays out his arguments and calls for a secular democracy in his new book “No Prophets.” Guest: Jared Huffman, U.S. Representative, California's 2nd congressional district – Which covers six counties including all of Marin and Mendocino and much of Sonoma; author, “No Prophets: The Fight to Save Democracy from Christian Nationalism” Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices
In this episode of Straight White American Jesus, Brad Onishi sits down with Congressman Jared Huffman to discuss his new book, No Prophets: The Fight to Save Democracy from Christian Nationalism. Huffman shares his journey from growing up in a devout Mormon community to becoming a humanist and the only openly non-believing member of Congress, and explains how the rise of Trump and Christian nationalism pushed him to speak publicly about the dangers of religious extremism. They discuss the New Apostolic Reformation, January 6, the religious forces surrounding Trump, Mike Johnson, the influence of Christian nationalism in Congress, Christian Zionism, traditionalist Catholicism, and why the separation of church and state is increasingly under threat. Huffman also explains why he believes saving democracy will require religious and nonreligious Americans to work together—and why, even in a deeply troubling political moment, he refuses to give up.
In this episode, John discusses the recent excuses from Defense Secretary Pete Hegseth regarding the conditions aboard the USS Abraham Lincoln, while also addressing Trump's controversial decisions affecting military aircraft carriers. As the discussion progresses, John emphasizes the importance of Democratic messaging on economic issues, challenging the longstanding Republican narrative of fiscal responsibility with hard-hitting facts about economic performance under different administrations.Then, John interviews Congressman Jared Huffman, who discusses his new book, No Profits, which tackles the rise of Christian nationalism in American politics. Huffman sheds light on the alarming intertwining of religious extremism and governance, particularly in the wake of the January 6th insurrection, and reflects on the need for a secular government based on reason and science. Their conversation navigates through the complexities of faith in politics, the dangers of Christian nationalism, and the responsibilities of lawmakers to uphold the separation of church and state.Next, John welcomes back Bob Cesca, host of the acclaimed Bob Cesca Show and co-host of Trek Politics with Mary Trump. They chat about the recent departure of Karoline Leavitt, reflecting on her role as a human shield in the Trump administration and the implications of such a move as the midterms loom. They tackle the controversial executive order regarding childhood vaccinations, dissecting the potential public health ramifications of breaking up the MMR vaccine schedule. Bob highlights the challenges this poses for low-income families, emphasizing the political motivations behind Trump's decisions rather than any genuine concern for public health.Then, John welcomes the brilliant columnist and public speaker Wajahat Ali to the show. They talk about into the recent revelations surrounding Donald Trump's bank accounts and the implications of Capital One's decision to shut down numerous accounts linked to the former president. Waj discusses the stark contrast in media coverage, questioning why such significant stories receive minimal attention when they involve Trump, while similar situations with Democrats would spark outrage and congressional hearings. Together, they explore the lack of accountability for powerful figures in American politics and the troubling trend of prioritizing political expediency over truth.John then welcomes back TV's Frank Conniff, known for his iconic role on Mystery Science Theater 3000. They share laughs while dissecting the current political climate, including the resignation of press secretary Karoline Leavitt and the media's role in perpetuating misinformation. Frank offers his unique perspective on the stupidity of the Trump administration, as well as the importance of humor in navigating these turbulent times.See Privacy Policy at https://art19.com/privacy and California Privacy Notice at https://art19.com/privacy#do-not-sell-my-info.
On this episode of The Wild Will Throwdown we discuss the topic of the week which is a hot topic. We discuss various lineup procedures at tracks including inverts, qualifying and straight up formats. Also ICA Dumpster Sportsman competitor Royce Harmon drops by along with dirt pure stock driver J.T Huffman coming off of his win at the Thunder Valley Raceway! Plus we preview the upcoming regional schedule. This and more on this weeks epsiode of The Wild Will Throwdown!
Why do we worry? Is there something wrong with us as Christians when we do? Does Jesus truly care about our worry and anxiety? Pastor Jason breaks down Jesus' words in Matthew 6 and reveals why He tells us not to worry, how deeply He cares about what weighs on us, and how we can learn to trust our Heavenly Father.Messages, teaching and encouragement from Pneuma Life Church pastors and leaders! Pneuma Life Church is a spirit-filled and bible-based church located in Saint Johns, Florida. It's lead by Pastors Jason & Jessica Huffman. Join us live (and online) for services each Sunday at 10AM4100 Race Track Rd. (Durbin Creek Elementary) Saint Johns, FL 32259 Visit us online at: https://pneumalife.churchEmail: hello@pneuma.life
Moving to Saudi Arabia to launch a business is one thing—choosing to build your future here is another. Joel Huffman did exactly that. As the Co-founder and CEO of Arabius, Partner at Golden Point Global, and Co-founder of Anchor Digital Infrastructure, he has become a passionate advocate for entrepreneurship, cross-border partnerships, and Saudi Arabia's growing innovation ecosystem. Today, we explore his journey, his perspective on the Kingdom's transformation, and why he believes Saudi Arabia is the world's most exciting place to build a business.
Where is your focus? In this message, Pastor Jason shares how giving, prayer, and fasting help refocus our hearts, reveal what we truly value, and draw us closer to God. Through Jesus' teaching in Matthew 6, we're challenged to examine our motives, guard against heart-treasure traps, and shift our attention from temporary things to God's eternal Kingdom. When our spiritual vision is aligned, our lives are filled with light, purpose, and direction.Messages, teaching and encouragement from Pneuma Life Church pastors and leaders! Pneuma Life Church is a spirit-filled and bible-based church located in Saint Johns, Florida. It's lead by Pastors Jason & Jessica Huffman. Join us live (and online) for services each Sunday at 10AM4100 Race Track Rd. (Durbin Creek Elementary) Saint Johns, FL 32259 Visit us online at: https://pneumalife.churchEmail: hello@pneuma.life
I texted Don about a side gig: €5,000 for every 1% you shave off a zip file. It's a real contest. For 20 years, Marcus Hutter has offered €500,000 to anyone who can losslessly compress a gigabyte of Wikipedia below 110 megabytes. Gzip gets you to 322. After that you're on your own. So we tried. Run-length encoding. Pointing back instead of repeating yourself. Huffman coding worked out by hand. Arithmetic coding, which spends less than one bit per character. Then Claude Shannon's 1951 guessing game, and a paper where an LLM beats every record and still wins nothing, because the model counts against you. Don wanted the euros. I had other reasons for bringing him over. Episode Page Support The Show Subscribe To The Podcast Join The Newsletter
Bo and Beth welcome Karaoke World Championship finalists Carol Kelly and Kaylee Hoffman to hear about their plans to compete in the championship in Las Vegas.See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.
07-26-26, "Seeing the Unseen Far and Near", Mark Huffman by Grace Chapel PA
In this message, Pastor Jessica breaks down the prayer Jesus gave us as a guide for both how to pray and what to pray.The Lord's Prayer:
In this message from the Sermon on the Mount, Pastor Jason unpacks what it truly means to love our enemies. He dives into forgiveness, confronting gossip and having the courage to go directly to those who have hurt us, or those we have hurt, to make things right. This message is challenging, practical and powerful! PS - Pastor Jason also shares a little about our Eldership/Board/Leadership structure! Messages, teaching and encouragement from Pneuma Life Church pastors and leaders! Pneuma Life Church is a spirit-filled and bible-based church located in Saint Johns, Florida. It's lead by Pastors Jason & Jessica Huffman. Join us live (and online) for services each Sunday at 10AM4100 Race Track Rd. (Durbin Creek Elementary) Saint Johns, FL 32259 Visit us online at: https://pneumalife.churchEmail: hello@pneuma.life
In this next message from the Sermon on the Mount, Pastor Jason explores how the Pharisees did good to be seen, praised and recognized by others. But Jesus goes straight to the heart and asks: What's your motivation?Are you doing good to be noticed, or because you genuinely desire to glorify God? Can you serve in secret and remain confident that your Heavenly Father sees you?Messages, teaching and encouragement from Pneuma Life Church pastors and leaders! Pneuma Life Church is a spirit-filled and bible-based church located in Saint Johns, Florida. It's lead by Pastors Jason & Jessica Huffman. Join us live (and online) for services each Sunday at 10AM4100 Race Track Rd. (Durbin Creek Elementary) Saint Johns, FL 32259 Visit us online at: https://pneumalife.churchEmail: hello@pneuma.life
In this next message from the Sermon on the Mount, Pastor Jason sets the tone for prayer. While the Pharisees prayed loudly, publicly and dramatically to be noticed, Jesus brought the focus back to the heart.He teaches us to meet with God in secret, pray without needing to be seen and develop intimacy with Him privately before expressing our faith publicly. Prayer isn't a performance. It's a relationship.Messages, teaching and encouragement from Pneuma Life Church pastors and leaders! Pneuma Life Church is a spirit-filled and bible-based church located in Saint Johns, Florida. It's lead by Pastors Jason & Jessica Huffman. Join us live (and online) for services each Sunday at 10AM4100 Race Track Rd. (Durbin Creek Elementary) Saint Johns, FL 32259 Visit us online at: https://pneumalife.churchEmail: hello@pneuma.life
For decades, rumors have circulated about a shadowy network operating behind the scenes of the UFO mystery—a group whose members allegedly used bird code names to conceal their identities while quietly influencing research, intelligence, and government policy.Was it simply another UFO legend?Or was it real?In this fascinating episode of the Paranormal UFO Consciousness Podcast, veteran researcher Daniel Huffman joins Grant Cameron to reveal remarkable new evidence uncovered in recently located documents that may finally shed light on one of the most mysterious organizations in UFO history.At the center of the discussion is CB Scott Jones, a figure long whispered about by insiders but rarely understood. The newly uncovered records suggest Jones may have occupied a pivotal position within this secretive "Bird" network—perhaps even serving as the individual many researchers have suspected was the elusive "Top Bird."Drawing on original documents, historical records, and years of investigation, Huffman reconstructs a hidden chapter of UFO history that connects intelligence officials, researchers, classified programs, and influential personalities operating largely outside public view.How was this network organized?Why did its members reportedly communicate using bird names?What role did CB Scott Jones actually play?And how does this forgotten organization connect to today's disclosure movement?Grant Cameron and Daniel Huffman examine the evidence piece by piece, separating documented history from speculation while exploring why these discoveries matter now more than ever. The conversation also places these revelations within the larger evolution of UFO research—from the classified investigations of the Cold War to today's congressional hearings and renewed government interest in UAPs.For anyone interested in the hidden history of the UFO phenomenon, this interview offers an extraordinary glimpse into a world that has remained largely invisible for decades.If you've ever wondered who was really pulling the strings behind the scenes, this is an episode you won't want to miss.The names were hidden. The files were forgotten. The story is only now beginning to emerge.Watch now and decide for yourself whether Daniel Huffman has uncovered one of the missing pieces in the history of the modern UFO mystery.
Messages, teaching and encouragement from Pneuma Life Church pastors and leaders! Pneuma Life Church is a spirit-filled and bible-based church located in Saint Johns, Florida. It's lead by Pastors Jason & Jessica Huffman. Join us live (and online) for services each Sunday at 10AM4100 Race Track Rd. (Durbin Creek Elementary) Saint Johns, FL 32259 Visit us online at: https://pneumalife.churchEmail: hello@pneuma.life
Here is the MIST study Courtney referenced; Intranasal Treatments for Children With Sleep-Disordered Breathing: The MIST+ Randomized Clinical Trial | Trials | JAMA Pediatrics | JAMA NetworkThe MIST (Medical vs Interventional Steroid for Sleep-Disordered Breathing) and MIST+ studies, conducted by researchers at the Murdoch Children's Research Institute (MCRI) and Monash University in Australia, investigated simple saline (salt water) nasal sprays as a first-line treatment for children with obstructive sleep-disordered breathing. Key FindingsSurgery-Sparing Solution: The trials found that nearly one in three (29.5%) children aged 3–12 improved with a saline spray alone, with their snoring and breathing symptoms completely resolving. Saline vs Steroids: The MIST studies discovered that a simple 0.9% saline nasal spray was just as effective as an anti-inflammatory steroid nasal spray in reducing symptoms. Reduced Need for Surgery: After 12 weeks of use, symptoms had resolved in half (50%) of the study cohort, potentially halving the number of children needing tonsil or adenoid removal surgery. Safe for Daily Use: Saline sprays and rinses are a safe, low-cost, and non-pharmacological treatment.Water Safety: If you or your child are preparing your own saline rinses at home (using a Neti pot or squeeze bottle), always use distilled, sterile, or previously boiled and cooled tap water to prevent dangerous infections.How They WorkSaline nasal sprays and rinses alleviate nasal congestion by mechanically flushing out allergens, irritants, and excess mucus. They also help to reduce inflammation in the nasal passages and improve the function of the respiratory mucosa. Safety & RecommendationsLink to T&A Natural Solutions Toolkit: Tonsil & Adenoid Toolkit – Natural Relief & Airway SupportFacebook Group for Parents: https://www.facebook.com/share/g/1LScNKt1V1/Courtney's practice https://www.functionalfaceomt.comCourtney's Facebook https://www.facebook.com/functionalface.omt/Courtney's Instagram https://www.instagram.com/functionalface/Dr Mahony's practice https://www.fullfaceorthodontics.com.auDr Mahony's Instagram https://www.instagram.com/fullfaceorthodontics/Dr Mahony's Book https://amzn.asia/d/04fBdCQMDr Mahony's Australian Tour, where he is speaking to patrents, teachers, allied health professionals and doctors, on how to recognise early sign of sleep disorders in children, as well as how and when to intervene https://www.derekmahony.com/events
It's Wednesday, July 8th, A.D. 2026. This is The Worldview in 5 Minutes heard on 140 radio stations and at www.TheWorldview.com. I'm Adam McManus. (Adam@TheWorldview.com) By Jonathan Clark and Adam McManus Rising anti-Christian incidents in Israel Anti-Christian incidents are surging in Israel this year. A report from the Religious Freedom Data Centre found there were 83 incidents of harassment during the second quarter of 2026. That's up from 44 incidents during the first quarter. These incidents include spitting, verbal assault, threatening behavior, and physical assault. The report noted, “In recent years, these acts have increasingly taken place openly, in broad daylight.” In John 15:18, Jesus said, “If the world hates you, you know that it hated Me before it hated you.” Hamas dissolved Gaza government The Islamic Resistance Movement, known as Hamas, announced the dissolution of its government in Gaza on Monday. The Islamic militant group took control of the Palestinian territory in 2007. In 2023, it led an attack on Israel. Since then, Israel and Hamas have been at war. The Trump administration has been working on a peace plan to end the conflict over the past year. Hamas is now preparing to transfer power to a committee backed by the United States. Fewer Americans support Israel Support for Israel is declining in America. The data comes from a new Associated Press-National Opinion Research Center poll. Forty-percent of U.S. adults say America is too supportive of Israel's conflict with the Palestinians. That's up from 37% in 2024. Along party lines, 60 percent of Republicans say the U.S. shows the right amount of support for Israel. That's up from 33 percent in 2024. Meanwhile, 58 percent of Democrats say the U.S. supports Israel too much. That's up from 45 percent in 2024. Trump: “Our founders were great, our cause was just.” U.S. President Donald Trump gave his Independence Day speech at the National Mall in Washington, D.C. last week. President Trump celebrated America's unique freedoms on the 250th anniversary of the signing of the Declaration of Independence. He said, “Unlike so many others in the world, in this country we have freedom of speech, freedom of religion, equal justice under the law.” Listen to more of his comments. TRUMP: “We have thrived and flourished because our founders were great, our cause was just, our people are brave, our culture is exceptional, and our destiny is written by God. (applause) “And, as we can see here tonight, after 250 years, the spirit of 1776 still lives within us all. At 250 years old, we may be the oldest constitutional republic on Earth, but our country is just getting started, because the best is yet to come.” (applause) Psalm 67:3-4 says, “Let the peoples praise You, O God; let all the peoples praise You. Oh, let the nations be glad and sing for joy! For You shall judge the people righteously, and govern the nations on Earth.” South Carolina prohibits bank discrimination against Christians The state of South Carolina will prevent banks from discriminating against people on the basis of their beliefs. Republican Governor Henry McMaster signed the Guarantee Banking Act last week. The measure prohibits large financial institutions in the state from denying financial services to people over their religious or political beliefs. Matt Sharp with Alliance Defending Freedom commented, “By enacting this bill, South Carolina joins Tennessee and Idaho in leading the charge to protect citizens, non-profits, religious organizations, and businesses from discriminatory debanking.” U.S. stock market surged The U.S. stock market surged during the first half of 2026. Markets grew despite war in the Middle East and oil shortages. The Dow Jones Industrial Average rose 8.9 percent this year. That's its best growth during the first half of a year since 2021. The S&P 500 climbed 9.4 percent this year, and the tech-heavy Nasdaq grew 12.5 percent. Britain discovered rare copy of Declaration of Independence PBS reports on a rare copy of the Declaration of Independence that was discovered in the United Kingdom this year. A volunteer at the country's National Archives was cataloguing the papers of Royal Navy captains from the American War for Independence. That's when volunteer Michael Scurr found the rare copy of the Declaration. It was one of 11 copies printed in Exeter, New Hampshire in July 1776. The copy was later seized by the British Royal Navy on Christmas Eve of the same year. It remained buried in archives until this February. Dr. Graham Moore from The National Archives said the discovery is “one of the rarest forms of the Declaration we know about.” Worldview listeners weigh in from Alaska and Kentucky Trevor Williams, age 10, in Wasilla, Alaska, wrote, “You are doing good with The Worldview in 5 Minutes. Please keep it going! Me and my family listen to it every morning at Bible time. I love to hear it. It is good to know about these things. Keep on doing these podcasts.” Jason Oleson in Fairbanks, Alaska wrote, “I think The Worldview is very unique in that it focuses on lots of statistics and shows things that are very alarming, but also overlooked by many other outlets. The Worldview is also something I get news from because it focuses on events that are relevant to us as Christians. I learn a lot about current events through your newscast and would love to see it keep going!” And Leah Smith in Franklin, Kentucky wrote, “I really appreciate The Worldview in Five Minutes for its weekday overview of what's going on in America and overseas in terms of society, ministry, culture, and politics. “The short length is just perfect for me to get caught up on news without wasting my time scrolling news websites! Most of all, I trust The Worldview for your Christian perspective. I'm actually able to hear about my imprisoned and suffering brothers and sisters, enabling me to pray for them. I'm so uplifted by your Biblical point of view! This newscast is a huge blessing in my life!” 13 Worldview listeners gave $6,747 on Tuesday And finally, on Tuesday by 4:15pm Central, 13 Worldview listeners stepped up to the plate and invested their treasure to fund the six-member team behind The Worldview for another 365 days. Our thanks to Sheila in Phoenixville, Pennsylvania who gave $50, Greg in Didsbury, Alberta, Canada who gave $67, Robert in Wilmot, South Dakota who gave $100, and Cathy in Fate, Texas who pledged $15/month for 12 months for a gift of $180. We were touched by the generosity of Gay in Victoria, Texas who gave $250, Peter in Seaside, California and Rick in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania – both of whom gave $300. And we're grateful to God for Kevin and Paula in Durham, Kansas who gave $500, Jeff in Aloha, Oregon who gave $600, Liping in Tulsa, Oklahoma who gave $1,000, Thomas in Huffman, Texas who gave $1,000, Rita in Guilford, Indiana who pledged $100 per month for 12 months for a gift of $1,200, and Cory in Morrison, Colorado who also pledged $100 per month for 12 months for a gift of $1,200. Those 13 gifts add up to $6,747. That's the most given in one day so far. Ready for our new grand total? Drum roll please. (drum roll sound effect) $17,698 (sound effect of people cheering) We need to raise $13,177 to hit our $30,875 goal by this Friday, July 10th. We need to find 5 Worldview listeners who will pledge $100 per month for 12 months or give a one-time gift of $1,200, 6 folks who will pledge $50/month or give a one-time gift of $600 and 12 listeners who will pledge $25 per month or give a one-time gift of $300. Go to TheWorldview.com, click on Give, select the dollar amount, and make sure to click on the “recurring” button if that's your wish. This Christian newscast champions the truth and a Biblical worldview. Invest in it today so that it can continue. Again, go to TheWorldview.com, and click on Give. Close And that's The Worldview on this Wednesday, July 8th, in the year of our Lord 2026. Subscribe for free by Spotify, Amazon Music, or by iTunes or email to our unique Christian newscast at www.TheWorldview.com. Plus, you can get the Generations app through Google Play or The App Store. I'm Adam McManus (Adam@TheWorldview.com). Seize the day for Jesus Christ.
durée : 00:11:10 - Les interviews d'Inter - par : Marion L'Hour - Ted Huffman, directeur général du Festival international d'art lyrique d'Aix-en-Provence, est l'invité de la matinale à 7h50. Le festival vient de s'ouvrir et c'est sa première édition en tant que directeur. - invités : Ted Huffman Metteur en scène américain Vous aimez ce podcast ? Pour écouter tous les épisodes sans limite, rendez-vous sur Radio France
What does it mean to be a godly man in today's world? In this special Father's Day message, Pastor Jason explores God's design for men and fathers through the truth of Scripture. Discover the biblical qualities of a godly man, the importance of spiritual leadership, and how fathers can leave a lasting legacy that points their families toward Christ. Whether you're a father, grandfather, mentor, or simply seeking to grow in your faith, this message will encourage and challenge you to walk in God's purpose for your life.Messages, teaching and encouragement from Pneuma Life Church pastors and leaders! Pneuma Life Church is a spirit-filled and bible-based church located in Saint Johns, Florida. It's lead by Pastors Jason & Jessica Huffman. Join us live (and online) for services each Sunday at 10AM4100 Race Track Rd. (Durbin Creek Elementary) Saint Johns, FL 32259 Visit us online at: https://pneumalife.churchEmail: hello@pneuma.life
In the summer of 1924, five gold prospectors working a remote claim on the southeastern shoulder of Mount St. Helens came down off that mountain with a story nobody wanted to believe and almost nobody could forget. They claimed that a group of 7-foot, hair-covered creatures had laid siege to their cabin through the night, hurling boulders against the walls, tearing at the chinking between the logs, and reaching a massive arm through a window before the men drove it back with an axe.The men were Fred Beck, his son George, John Peterson, and 2 unrelated prospectors who shared the surname Smith, Marion and Roy. By the time they reached the little settlement of Cougar, the tale was already taking on a life of its own, and within days the Oregonian ran the headline that would echo for a century, "Ape Men Sought in Mt. St. Helens."This episode walks the whole thing from the ground up. We lay out the verifiable history first, the daylight sighting across the canyon, the 3 rifle shots Fred Beck swore struck one of the creatures and sent it tumbling into an inaccessible ravine, and the long night that followed back at the cabin.We cover the Forest Service investigation that came after, when rangers J. H. Huffman and William Welch hiked to the site, climbed down into that supposedly unreachable canyon, found no body and no blood, and then demonstrated how those 14-inch tracks could be faked by a man walking in his sock feet and twisting his heel in the soft dirt. Their conclusion was blunt. The men had probably spooked themselves, maybe seeded a few rocks near the cabin to dress up the tale, and let the dark and the isolation do the rest. And yet, as one writer put it decades later, people still wanted to believe, and the story refused to die.From there we move past the record and into the cabin itself, into a long-form dramatization built entirely on the facts as the men reported them. We imagine the weight of that first footprint pressed into the earth at dusk, the bar dropping across the door, the first rock hitting the roof just after midnight, and the slow, sickening realization that whatever was outside was working together, testing the walls, learning where the men were weakest. It is a reconstruction, not a transcript, and we are honest about that line. But every beat of it sits on something Beck himself described.We also follow the story forward in time, through Beck's 1967 booklet "I Fought the Apemen of Mt. St. Helens," where an aging man added a strange spiritual dimension to the account, suggesting the creatures could come and go as they pleased and were never entirely of this world. We talk about how the 1924 incident got folded into the Bigfoot phenomenon decades later, after Bluff Creek and the coining of the name itself, and how a narrow gorge on the mountain came to be called Ape Canyon as a permanent marker of the legend.And we close on the mountain as it stands now, its old cone blown open by the 1980 eruption that buried the cabin site forever, leaving the truth of that summer locked somewhere under the ash. You can take the rangers' side or you can take Beck's. What you cannot do, once you have heard it, is pretend the story doesn't get under your skin. As always, my read is a flesh-and-blood one. Whatever those men met on that mountain, I don't think it came from another dimension. I think it walked in on 2 legs, and I think it walked back out.Have you experienced a Bigfoot sighting, Sasquatch encounter, Dogman experience, UFO sighting, or any unexplained cryptid or paranormal event deep in the woods? We want to hear your story.Email your encounter to brian@paranormalworldproductions.com for a chance to be featured on a future episode of Backwoods Bigfoot Stories.Backwoods Bigfoot Stories is a paranormal storytelling podcast featuring real Bigfoot encounters, Sasquatch sightings, Dogman reports, cryptid experiences, and true scary stories from the backwoods.Follow the show and turn on automatic downloads so you never miss a chilling encounter from the forest. Listen with the lights off… if you dare.
durée : 01:00:03 - par : Priscille Lafitte - Le nouveau directeur du Festival d'Aix, connu par son travail scénique épuré, porte une attention à la musique pour elle-même - elle lui a "sauvé la vie". Son goût pour les transcriptions pour piano en est un des révélateurs. La scène, Ted Huffman en connaît les ressorts en tant que chanteur. - équipe : Claire Lagarde, Maud Noury - invités : Ted Huffman Metteur en scène américain Vous aimez ce podcast ? Pour écouter tous les épisodes sans limite, rendez-vous sur Radio France
Messages, teaching and encouragement from Pneuma Life Church pastors and leaders! Pneuma Life Church is a spirit-filled and bible-based church located in Saint Johns, Florida. It's lead by Pastors Jason & Jessica Huffman. Join us live (and online) for services each Sunday at 10AM4100 Race Track Rd. (Durbin Creek Elementary) Saint Johns, FL 32259 Visit us online at: https://pneumalife.churchEmail: hello@pneuma.life
An inside look at the determined youth ambassadors advocating for oceanic policy reform.In the latest episode of Rising Tide the Ocean Podcast David and oceanographer and Blue Frontier board member Joy LeiLei Shih talk about our Youth Ambassador program before interviewing our 2026 ambassadors – Avery, age 13, Jack, 13, Liam, 14 and Kianna 16 on their return from an Ocean Week trip to Washington DC. We discuss their impressions after having worked the halls of Congress taking a dozen meetings over 3 days to educate their elected officials and staff members on the issues they are involved in from plastic waste to sea turtle protection. We also discuss the direct meetings they held with Senators Padilla, Schiff and Schatz and Representatives Raskin, Huffman and Liccardo. It's a great conversation and reminder that our ocean youth – even those in middle school - are not necessarily our leaders of the future - but can be leaders today if we work with and mentor them. Additional Resources Blue Frontier / Substack — Building the solution-based citizen movement needed to protect our ocean, coasts and communities, both human and wild.Inland Ocean Coalition — Building land-to-sea stewardship - the inland voice for ocean protectionFluid Studios — Thinking radically different about the collective good, our planet, & the future.
Legalism or LoveIn this message from the Sermon on the Mount, Pastor Jason challenges the tension between legalism and the heart of God's love, grace, and truth for marriage between a man and women. Jesus confronts the cultural understanding of divorce while offering hope and healing to those who have walked through it or are living on the other side of it. Pastor Jason also unpacks the value, dignity, and spiritual significance of women in a culture that often diminished them. He clarifies verses in the Bible that often bring confusion surrounding women in ministry, offering contextual clarity and sharing where we stand as a church on women in spiritual leadership.Messages, teaching and encouragement from Pneuma Life Church pastors and leaders! Pneuma Life Church is a spirit-filled and bible-based church located in Saint Johns, Florida. It's lead by Pastors Jason & Jessica Huffman. Join us live (and online) for services each Sunday at 10AM4100 Race Track Rd. (Durbin Creek Elementary) Saint Johns, FL 32259 Visit us online at: https://pneumalife.churchEmail: hello@pneuma.life
Keep Your Eye on the Finish, Not the FailureIn this week's Sermon on the Mount message, Pastor Jason explores Jesus' teaching on lust, temptation, and the condition of the heart in Matthew 5. This message is not about legalism or simply modifying outward behavior, but about true inward transformation through the Kingdom of God. Jesus challenges us to consider what our eyes and hearts are focused on, reminding us that sin begins internally long before it becomes an outward action. Through wisdom, grace, and honesty, this message unpacks the progression of temptation, the dangers of feeding lust, and the importance of avoiding temptation rather than seeing how close we can get to it. Ultimately, Jesus reveals that the deeper issue is not just what we do, but who we are becoming at the soul level.Messages, teaching and encouragement from Pneuma Life Church pastors and leaders! Pneuma Life Church is a spirit-filled and bible-based church located in Saint Johns, Florida. It's lead by Pastors Jason & Jessica Huffman. Join us live (and online) for services each Sunday at 10AM4100 Race Track Rd. (Durbin Creek Elementary) Saint Johns, FL 32259 Visit us online at: https://pneumalife.churchEmail: hello@pneuma.life
In this edition of the BRO recruiting podcast, Greg Biggins joined Brandon Huffman to beak down last weekend's UCLA football official visitors, preview this upcoming visit slate, and recap the Elite 11, including two UCLA commits who caught passes at the event. Plus, with two UCLA targets at the Elite 11, could a third potential quarterback emerge from that group? Biggins and Huff discuss. Bruin Report Online is now at On3! Join BRO today and get 5 months for ONLY $1! Check it out here. #UCLA #UCLAFootball #UCLABruins #On3 Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See https://pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.
I sit down with Dr. Jennifer Huffman, a board-certified pediatric neuropsychologist, PDA woman with lived experience, and creator of the Neurodynamic Navigator System and the Neurodynamic Quotient. After twenty-five years working with children whose profiles were called often called ODD (Oppositional Defiant Disorder), she developed a framework to make the dynamic, fluctuating nature of the PDA brain visible and usable for parents, teachers, and clinicians.We talk about her childhood as an undiagnosed PDA autistic person, why ODD as a diagnosis isn't helpful, how she assesses children who cannot come into an office, and the app she is building to help families. After all that great insight, just her closing message for parents of PDA kids in burnout makes this episode worth a listen.Key TakeawaysGrowing Up as an Undiagnosed PDA Autistic Neuropsychologist | 00:02:48 Dr. Huffman describes a childhood marked by academic failure in math from third grade, severe bullying that led her parents to drive her thirty minutes each way to attend school in a different town, and the recurring experience of being told she was not living up to her potential. She names the specific mechanism she now recognizes in herself: she cannot process on demand. If someone tells her to do something, or if it feels redundant, her brain shuts off. This is not willfulness. It is the same mechanism she has spent twenty-five years helping children and families understand. She describes finding neuropsychology in her third year of undergraduate study as a light bulb moment, not because she wanted a career but because she was trying to figure out her own brain.The ODD Buster: Why Oppositional Defiant Disorder Is So Often the Wrong Label | 00:12:39 Dr. Huffman describes spending twenty-five years working with the complex cases other clinicians could not crack, children who had been given ODD diagnoses and whom nobody wanted to work with. She calls herself the ODD buster and states directly that in her clinical experience, she has rarely seen a child who actually had ODD. What she consistently found underneath that label was high empathy, anxiety, sensory differences, social communication differences, and learning differences, often in combination. She names ODD as an example of a DSM category built by non-neurodivergent clinicians describing externalized behavior without curiosity about what is underneath it.How She Assesses Children Who Cannot Come Into an Office | 00:17:38 Dr. Huffman explains that when a child is in burnout and cannot access evaluation, the work does not begin with the child. It begins with the parent: helping them advocate with the school, coordinating with medical providers who may not understand why the child cannot leave the house, and slowly building a relationship with the child themselves. She describes spending six months to a year playing Minecraft with a child before any formal assessment data is collected, and names this as genuinely valuable clinical time. She also holds PSYPACT certification, which allows her to work with families across most of the United States without the family ever entering her office.The Neurodynamic Quotient: Making the Dynamic Nature of the PDA Brain Visible | 00:36:57 Dr. Huffman introduces the Neurodynamic Quotient, her framework for understanding why PDA children can do something one day and appear to lose the skill the next. The formula combines dynamic safety, which includes felt safety, connection, information, and autonomy, with dynamic capacity, which includes the battery, sensory load, and executive functioning scaffolding, plus motivation. She explains why autonomy functions as a multiplier: if it reaches zero, the entire product is zero regardless of how much skill or capability is present. She also names motivation as the variable parents and teachers most often misuse, pushing past natural capacity because the child demonstrated what they were capable of once.Do Not Get in Front of Your Child | 00:55:03 Dr. Huffman closes with a message for parents whose children are in burnout. She names never assuming the child is not capable as the most important thing a parent can hold onto, and shares her own story as evidence: her parents could not have predicted she would become a neuropsychologist. She uses the phrase "do not get in front of your child" to mean: if they have something they want to do, let them fly. The child who is in their room with the lights off on Minecraft is telling you what they need. Meeting that need and staying regulated yourself is what moves them through burnout faster than fighting against it.Relevant ResourcesUnderstanding PDA — Free class with context on the nervous system disability framework and the dynamic, cumulative nature of activation Dr. Huffman builds on throughout this conversationBurnout — Free class with context for the red zone experience Dr. Huffman describes and the burnout recovery process for both children and parentsParadigm Shift Program — Our signature program where parenting for autonomy, safety, and connection is taught in fullUnlocking the PDA Brain by Dr. Jennifer Huffman — Dr. Huffman's book introducing the Neurodynamic Navigator System, written as a manual for understanding and supporting the PDA brainThe Able Center — Dr. Huffman's private neuropsychology practice in IllinoisThe Baby Fold — The Illinois nonprofit where Dr. Huffman serves as Vice President of Clinical Operations, specializing in trauma and higher support needs neurodivergent childrenBeyond Behaviors by Mona Delahooke — Mentioned by Dr. Huffman for understanding what is happening beneath the behavior in neurodivergent childrenDr. Huffman is also a board member of PDA North America.
This show has been flagged as Clean by the host. This series is dedicated to exploring little-known—and occasionally useful—trinkets lurking in the dusty corners of UNIX-like operating systems. In UNIX Curio #4 ( HPR episode 4617 ), I teased the subject of file compression. Today I'm circling back to that. The history of data compression goes back at least to the 1970s, and in contexts outside UNIX and computers, probably even earlier. Somehow, it is refreshing to learn that humans have always struggled to have enough storage space to keep all the data they want to hang on to. One way around this limitation is to use some form of compression. I am only going to dive into lossless compression for this episode—that is, a compression method that can be reversed and will spit out the original data bit for bit. Lossy compression methods also have their places: you might be familiar with their use for audio (such as Ogg Vorbis or MP3); it's also used for images (such as JPEG). Lossy compression allows some of the original data to be thrown away, resulting in a smaller file than is possible with lossless compression, but the intent is for the result to still sound or look "good enough" to a human observer. Also, I am going to limit my discussion to generic methods used for many types of data; while FLAC does lossless compression, it is specifically designed just for audio. I should make clear that I have never studied computer science or information theory, so this episode will not get into the science behind various types of compression algorithms and how they differ. But in general, these methods take advantage of the fact that many types of data have recurring patterns. English text mostly consists of words that often re-appear many times—source code similarly has keywords and variable names that recur. Compression is accomplished by representing a piece of data that occurs multiple times with a symbol that is shorter in length. The first compression program in the UNIX world I could find is called pack , from 1978 1 . It was shortly followed in 1979 by a similar program called compact 2 . Both of these used a technique called Huffman coding, but with some differences between them. Files compressed with pack were given a .z extension and compact gave filenames a .C extension. Roughly every five or ten years after this, a new program would come along and achieve lasting popularity. There were, and still are, two opposing forces facing any new form of compression. Working in favor was the advantages it provided—first among these was achieving a better compression ratio, but performance improvements such as speed or reduced memory usage could also be compelling. The force against any new method was the fact that it was not yet widely supported—it doesn't much help to have a smaller file if the people you share it with cannot decompress it. The next major advance in compression arose out of three scientific papers: two in 1977 and 1978 by Abraham Lempel and Jacob Ziv (called LZ77 and LZ78), and one by Terry Welch in 1984 which built on LZ78. This last method is typically referred to as LZW. Our UNIX Curio for today is a program called compress 3 that implements the LZW method. Files compressed this way are named with the extension .Z . I had always assumed that this was to honor Jacob Ziv, but now that I've researched the history, it seems more likely to be a follow-on from how files compressed by pack were named. Since pack did not use any of the Lempel-Ziv methods, I would guess that it used .z because that wasn't already taken by anything else, but that's pure speculation. I do recall encountering .Z files in the wild, but feel certain that hasn't happened in the last 25 years, maybe longer. If you need to expand one of these, uncompress 4 is the program to use ( GNU's gunzip can also handle them 5 ). However, there was a serious problem that arose with the LZ78 and LZW compression methods. Both of them were patented, and the owner became aggressive in seeking payment from developers and users. The compress utility was developed within two months of the publication of Welch's 1984 paper and was included in Bell Laboratories' Eighth Edition UNIX before these shakedowns started. The paper did not disclose that a patent had been filed, and apparently Spencer Thomas and the other developers of compress were unaware of it. The utility became popular for a while, and was even standardized by POSIX, but people moved away from LZW once the legal threats started. Another important advance came in 1991 and was called the DEFLATE compression method. It combined the un-patented LZ77 method with Huffman coding to achieve a similar level of compression as LZW (actually, often better) without the legal trouble. DEFLATE was developed for PKZIP and was soon adopted by the GNU project's gzip compressor. While Phil Katz (the "PK" in PKZIP ) patented one way of implementing the DEFLATE method, it was possible to write a compressor and decompressor without infringing 6 ; also, he apparently never tried to enforce the patent 7 . As I mentioned in UNIX Curio #4, .zip is both an archive and a compression format. Each archive member can be compressed with one of several possible methods (or stored without compression). Unlike a tar file where compression can be applied to the entire archive, in .zip each archive member is compressed individually. This often means a .zip file will be slightly bigger than a tar file with the same contents compressed with gzip , because the .zip format cannot take advantage of duplication that occurs among more than one member of the archive. The vast majority of .zip files use only the DEFLATE and uncompressed storage methods and these are the only options if you want to follow the profile standardized in ISO/IEC 21320-1. Actually, since they both use DEFLATE, gzip is able to extract a .zip file in the special case where it only holds one member compressed with that method. From the 1990s onward, people paid significant attention to avoiding patent landmines, so only methods that didn't have that problem became broadly popular. While the patents on LZ78 and LZW have since expired, I feel like their most successful legacy was in discouraging people from using those methods, leading to DEFLATE taking the popularity crown. The next step came in 1996 and 1997 with the development of bzip and bzip2 by Julian Seward. The original method was quickly followed by bzip2 , which was the version that achieved true popularity. They use the Burrows-Wheeler transform, which does not itself compress data but re-arranges it to make it more compressible; this is combined with other techniques 8 . (At least, that's my understanding. I told you, I'm not up on information theory.) This provides a significant reduction in the compressed size of the data compared to earlier methods—however, it is slower than DEFLATE both during compression and decompression. Separate projects have developed parallel versions of gzip and bzip2 that can take advantage of multi-processor machines, but the original utilities run single-threaded. Another five years later, in 2001, Igor Pavlov added the Lempel-Ziv-Markov chain algorithm (LZMA), an enhancement to LZ77, to his 7-Zip compression tool. This was followed a few years later by LZMA2, a container format that allowed for LZMA compression to be split between multiple threads. Broad LZMA2 support came to the UNIX world in 2009 with the xz utility 9 . It offers roughly similar compression ratios to bzip2 , though it can be better or worse depending on the data to be compressed. While compression generally takes even longer than bzip2 , decompression is significantly faster (though still not as fast as gzip ). The Linux kernel relatively quickly supported booting from xz-compressed images 10 because it was a good match for that use case—compression, the time-consuming activity, only has to be done once while the more frequent decompression during boot happens relatively fast. The last method I will cover is Zstandard 11 , often written as zstd . This came about in 2015, and is another variation on LZ77 that uses finite-state entropy (which means nothing to me, but you might understand it). It performs about as well as DEFLATE in terms of compression ratios, but is much faster both when compressing and decompressing data. I should say that these statements are true with the typical default settings—depending on the compression level selected, it can compress more slowly, but compress the data smaller. However, decompression is always speedier than DEFLATE. This makes it attractive for some uses, and it is heavily promoted by Meta/Facebook, where Yann Collet developed it. For example, shipping large amounts of actively-used data between machines in a data center can go more quickly when the size is reduced; however, if the compression and decompression steps take too long that benefit is lost. A speedy method can be valuable even if it doesn't result in the greatest reduction in size. This use case stands in contrast to, say, a compressed backup file which might only be accessed in a disaster recovery scenario or never accessed at all, making size more important than speed. Both the xz and zstd utilities have some built-in support for multi-threading, but the default is to run in a single thread. While xz can use multiple threads for decompression (but only if the file was compressed in multi-thread mode), the reference zstd utility can only use more than one thread for compression, not decompression. There are many other methods of lossless compression that have been developed over the decades, but I believe these are the ones you are most likely to encounter in the world of UNIX-like systems. This is a personal opinion, and others might choose a different set. As mentioned, it can be tough for a new method to gain popularity and 35-year-old DEFLATE is still probably the most commonly used despite not being the fastest or offering the greatest reduction in size. Even systems like FreeBSD, NetBSD, and OpenBSD that do not like to include GNU tools supported it by developing their own version of gzip based on the permissively-licensed zlib library. Technically, the LZW method used by the compress utility is still standardized by POSIX, so one might expect it to have the widest support. However, aggressive patent enforcement discouraged adoption, especially by Free and Open Source Software systems—even though the patent has expired, it is still out of favor compared to DEFLATE. For this reason, I feel justified in calling it a curio. References: Eighth Edition UNIX pack.c https://www.tuhs.org/cgi-bin/utree.pl?file=V8/usr/src/cmd/pack/pack.c 2.9BSD compact.c https://www.tuhs.org/cgi-bin/utree.pl?file=2.9BSD/usr/src/ucb/compact/compact.c Compress specification https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/009695399/utilities/compress.html Uncompress specification https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/009695399/utilities/uncompress.html GNU Gzip manual https://www.gnu.org/software/gzip/manual/gzip.html RFC 1951: DEFLATE Compressed Data Format Specification version 1.3 https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc1951 History of Lossless Data Compression Algorithms: The Rise of Deflate https://ethw.org/History_of_Lossless_Data_Compression_Algorithms#The_Rise_of_Deflate bzip2 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bzip2 XZ Utils https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/XZ_Utils 2.6.38 merge window part 2 https://lwn.net/Articles/423541/ zstd https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zstd Appendix The table below demonstrates the results of compressing different types of data using tools described in this episode. While not totally rigorous, I did run each compression and decompression multiple times to ensure I was getting consistent results. The laptop I used has an Intel Core i5-6200U CPU running at 2.30GHz, and the system had at least 5 GB of free memory for each run. While this processor has two cores and can run four simultaneous threads, all utilities were run single-threaded. The term "best" means the highest level of compression available (the exact level used is shown). For bzip2 , the default is the best. For zstd , "best" is -19, which is the highest "normal" level, but "ultra" levels that are even higher also exist. Ratios are the percentage of the original size that the file was reduced to (other sources might instead express the compression ratio as the reduction in size achieved). In all results, smaller numbers are better. ┌────────────────────────────┬─────────────┬─────────────┬─────────────┬─────────────┬─────────────┬─────────────┬─────────────┐ │ │ gzip │ gzip │ bzip2 │ xz │ xz │ zstd │ zstd │ │ │(default -6) │ (best -9) │ (-9) │(default -6) │ (best -9) │(default -3) │ (best -19) │ ├──────────────┬─────────────┼─────────────┼─────────────┼─────────────┼─────────────┼─────────────┼─────────────┼─────────────┤ │ │Size (ratio) │ 22,036,508 │ 21,891,623 │ 15,795,698 │ 13,487,768 │ 12,938,464 │ 20,454,657 │ 13,709,078 │ │ │ │ (24%) │ (24%) │ (17%) │ (15%) │ (14%) │ (23%) │ (15%) │ │English Text ├─────────────┼─────────────┼─────────────┼─────────────┼─────────────┼─────────────┼─────────────┼─────────────┤ │(90,532,092 │Compression │ 4.8s │ 7.6s │ 8.5s │ 49.8s │ 58.8s │ 0.6s │ 65.2s │ │bytes │time │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │uncompressed) ├─────────────┼─────────────┼─────────────┼─────────────┼─────────────┼─────────────┼─────────────┼─────────────┤ │ │Decompression│ 0.7s │ 0.8s │ 3.7s │ 1.2s │ 1.2s │ 0.4s │ 0.4s │ │ │time │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ ├──────────────┼─────────────┼─────────────┼─────────────┼─────────────┼─────────────┼─────────────┼─────────────┼─────────────┤ │ │Size (ratio) │ 125,291,122 │ 124,189,544 │ 98,016,512 │ 84,882,492 │ 81,954,344 │ 120,604,855 │ 87,298,645 │ │ │ │ (21%) │ (21%) │ (17%) │ (14%) │ (14%) │ (20%) │ (15%) │ │Source Code ├─────────────┼─────────────┼─────────────┼─────────────┼─────────────┼─────────────┼─────────────┼─────────────┤ │(590,008,320 │Compression │ 22.0s │ 39.3s │ 54.8s │ 241s │ 298s │ 3.7s │ 348s │ │bytes │time │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │uncompressed) ├─────────────┼─────────────┼─────────────┼─────────────┼─────────────┼─────────────┼─────────────┼─────────────┤ │ │Decompression│ 5.1s │ 5.1s │ 20.3s │ 8.1s │ 7.8s │ 2.4s │ 2.4s │ │ │time │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ ├──────────────┼─────────────┼─────────────┼─────────────┼─────────────┼─────────────┼─────────────┼─────────────┼─────────────┤ │ │Size (ratio) │ 32,830,905 │ 32,371,241 │ 26,856,579 │ 20,717,288 │ 20,352,880 │ 28,538,810 │ 23,154,582 │ │ │ │ (19%) │ (19%) │ (16%) │ (12%) │ (12%) │ (17%) │ (13%) │ │Binary Program├─────────────┼─────────────┼─────────────┼─────────────┼─────────────┼─────────────┼─────────────┼─────────────┤ │(171,972,264 │Compression │ 6.4s │ 22.4s │ 18.6s │ 62.2s │ 67.8s │ 0.8s │ 111s │ │bytes │time │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │uncompressed) ├─────────────┼─────────────┼─────────────┼─────────────┼─────────────┼─────────────┼─────────────┼─────────────┤ │ │Decompression│ 1.5s │ 1.5s │ 5.6s │ 2.3s │ 2.3s │ 0.7s │ 0.7s │ │ │time │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ ├──────────────┼─────────────┼─────────────┼─────────────┼─────────────┼─────────────┼─────────────┼─────────────┼─────────────┤ │ │Size (ratio) │ 146,397,772 │ 146,397,757 │ 144,485,451 │ 131,950,232 │ 130,926,780 │ 147,154,979 │ 145,703,840 │ │ │ │ (89%) │ (89%) │ (88%) │ (80%) │ (80%) │ (90%) │ (89%) │ │WAVE Audio ├─────────────┼─────────────┼─────────────┼─────────────┼─────────────┼─────────────┼─────────────┼─────────────┤ │(164,396,302 │Compression │ 9.2s │ 9.2s │ 25.1s │ 70.4s │ 97.7s │ 0.7s │ 58.3s │ │bytes │time │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │uncompressed) ├─────────────┼─────────────┼─────────────┼─────────────┼─────────────┼─────────────┼─────────────┼─────────────┤ │ │Decompression│ 2.0s │ 2.0s │ 13.5s │ 12.2s │ 12.1s │ 0.6s │ 0.8s │ │ │time │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ ├──────────────┴─────────────┼─────────────┼─────────────┼─────────────┼─────────────┼─────────────┼─────────────┼─────────────┤ │ │ gzip │ gzip │ bzip2 │ xz │ xz │ zstd │ zstd │ │ │(default -6) │ (best -9) │ (-9) │(default -6) │ (best -9) │(default -3) │ (best -19) │ └────────────────────────────┴─────────────┴─────────────┴─────────────┴─────────────┴─────────────┴─────────────┴─────────────┘ English text consists of Titles 1 through 10 of the 2020 U.S. Code of Federal Regulations . Source code consists of a tar file containing the Linux kernel source, version 4.0. Binary program consists of an ELF-format executable of the pandoc application, version 2.17.1.1 found on Debian 12. Audio consists of a 24-bit Signed Integer PCM WAVE file with 2 channels at 44.1kHz, about 10:21 in length. For comparison, the audio-specific flac lossless compression utility reduced this file to 97,962,711 bytes (60%) in 2.6 seconds at the default (-5) level and to 97,714,876 bytes (59%) in 5.4 seconds at the highest (-8) level. Provide feedback on this episode.
Pastor Jason continues our Sermon on the Mount series with a powerful message on Matthew 5:17-20, unpacking how Jesus did not come to abolish the Law, but to fulfill it through the New Covenant of Grace.This message dives into the tension between grace and legalism, revealing how Jesus came not to establish performance-based religion, but true heart transformation through relationship with Him.
PRL 5-14-26 Zach Kaplan, Kendall Futrell, ECU Club Baseball team, Hannah Huffman, Greg Hudson by Pirate Radio
EPISODE 422 Farmville Central Softball Coach Hannah Huffman on the Jaguars advancing in state playoffs by Pirate Radio 92.7FM Greenville
What is “The Esther Perspective”? In this message, we walk through the story of Esther in chronological order and unpack the powerful lessons hidden throughout her journey.... from broken beginnings and hidden identity to courage, wisdom, healing, influence, and trusting God's positioning.Through the lives of Esther, Mordecai, Hegai, Haman, and King Xerxes, we discover that even when God seems silent, He is still moving behind the scenes through ordinary moments, hidden favor, and courageous obedience.This message is for every woman navigating hidden seasons, healing, purpose, and the call to walk boldly in who God created her to be.“For such a time as this.” Messages, teaching and encouragement from Pneuma Life Church pastors and leaders! Pneuma Life Church is a spirit-filled and bible-based church located in Saint Johns, Florida. It's lead by Pastors Jason & Jessica Huffman. Join us live (and online) for services each Sunday at 10AM4100 Race Track Rd. (Durbin Creek Elementary) Saint Johns, FL 32259 Visit us online at: https://pneumalife.churchEmail: hello@pneuma.life
Explore the fascinating world of religion in Ancient Greece, from the powerful Olympian gods like Zeus, Athena, and Apollo to sacred rituals, temples, myths, and festivals that shaped daily Greek life.Find me and my music here:https://linktr.ee/filipholmSupport Let's Talk Religion on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/letstalkreligion Or through a one-time donation: https://paypal.me/talkreligiondonateSources/Recommended Reading:Bowden, Hugh (2010). "Mystery cults in the Ancient World". Thames and Hudson Ltd.Burkert, William (1987). "Greek Religion: Archaic and Classical". Wiley-Blackwell. Burkert, Walter (1988). "Ancient Mystery Cults". Harvard University Press.Chulp, Radek (2016). "Proclus: An Introduction". Cambridge University Press.Cooper, John M. et. al (translated by) (1997). "Plato: Complete Works". Hackett Publishing.Dodds, E.R. (2004). "The Greeks & The Irrational". University of California Press.Eidinow, Esther & Julia Kindt (ed.) (2017). "The Oxford Handbook of Ancient Greek Religion". Oxford University Press.Gerson, Loyd P. (ed.) (2019). "Plotinus: The Enneads". Cambridge University Press. (This is the translation of the Enneads I have been using in this episode).Gerson, Loyd P (2008). "Cambridge Companion to Plotinus". Cambridge University Press.Gregory, John (ed.) (1998). "The Neoplatonists: a reader". Routledge.Huffman, Carl A. (ed.) (2017). "A History of Pythagoreanism". Cambridge University Press.Iamblichus "On the Mysteries". Tranlsated by Emma C. Clarke, John M. Dillon & Jackson P. Hershell. Writings from the Graeco-Roman World. Society of Biblical Literature.Inwood, Brad (ed.) (2003). "The Cambridge Companion to the Stoics". Cambridge University Press.Kirk, G.S., J.E. Raven & M. Schofield (1983). "The Presocratic Philosophers". Second Edition. Cambridge University Press.Parker, Robert C.T. (2011). "On Greek Religion". Cornell University Press.Proclus "The Elements of Theology: A Revised Text with Translation, Introduction, and Commentary". Translated by E.R. Dodds. Second Edition. Oxford University Press.Shaw, Gregory (2014). "Theurgy and the Soul: The Neoplatonism of Iamblichus". Angelico Press/Sophia Perennis.Ustinova, Yulia (2017). "Divine Mania: Alterations of Consciousness in Ancient Greece". Routledge.Wallis, R.T. (1998). "Neoplatonism". Second Edition. Bristol Classical Paperbacks. Hackett Publishing Company.Zhmud, Leonid (2012). "Pythagoras and the Early Pythagoreans". Translated by Kevin Windle & Rosh Ireland. OUP Oxford. Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.
7. Headline: Smear Tactics and Public Perception Guest Author: James Shapiro The DICE committee's investigation was fueled by testimony from Hazel Huffman, a disgruntled former clerk who claimed the project was tainted by communism based on play titles alone. Huffman's unverified accusations were widely publicized by a hostile press, swaying public opinion against the arts. Although Huffman had limited knowledge of the program, Martin Dies denied Flanagan the chance to cross-examineher, breaking standard congressional protocols. This era established a political "playbook" for attacking cultural organizations by framing progressive ideas as foreign threats, a tactic that continues today. (7)
7. Headline: Smear Tactics and Public Perception Guest Author: James Shapiro The DICE committee's investigation was fueled by testimony from Hazel Huffman, a disgruntled former clerk who claimed the project was tainted by communism based on play titles alone. Huffman's unverified accusations were widely publicized by a hostile press, swaying public opinion against the arts. Although Huffman had limited knowledge of the program, Martin Dies denied Flanagan the chance to cross-examineher, breaking standard congressional protocols. This era established a political "playbook" for attacking cultural organizations by framing progressive ideas as foreign threats, a tactic that continues today. (7)
7. Guest Author: James Shapiro James Shapiro reveals the origins of the House Un-American Activities Committee, involving Samuel Dickstein, a congressman later identified as a Soviet spy. The committee's attack on the Federal Theater was fueled by Hazel Huffman, a disgruntled WPA worker. Huffman provided misleading testimony to Congressman Martin Dies, falsely labeling various plays as communist propaganda. Although Hallie Flanagan was a mainstream FDR supporter, she was smeared without a chance to cross-examine her accusers. Dies successfully exploited emerging media like radio to turn public opinion against the project and its leadership. (7)1923