Podcasts about Anxi

In this episode, Georgie explores the deep, often tangled topic of self-worth - why we attach it to things like body image, male attention, success, or relationships, and how to finally begin unhooking from it. She shares her own personal experience of tying self-worth to external milestones like book launches and TV appearances - and the emotional crash that can follow once the moment passes. If you've ever felt your worth rise and fall based on how you're perceived or what you've achieved, this is for you. You'll learn Georgie's 3-step approach to accessing your inherent, untouchable self-worth - including the mindset shifts and subconscious work needed to move from fragile confidence to a grounded sense of inner value. Plus, an exciting announcement: The Anxiety Masters Retreat is taking place this September in Byron Bay! Tune in for all the details on this transformative in-person experience for women ready to go deeper with their healing journey.   Explore The Anxiety Masters 5-Day Byron Bay Retreat (4 spots left) -  https://georgiecollinson.com/byronbayretreat   Join me for Mindset May, the 21-Day Challenge using our new track Anxious To Grounded, you can start anytime in May -  https://anxiety-reset.mykajabi.com/mindsetmay2025     Need more anxiety support? Apply for a 30 minute FREE Anxiety Relief Call to explore working with me as a private client: http://bit.ly/anxietyreset Watch my FREE Anxiety Reset Masterclass for women with high-functioning anxiety: https://anxiety-reset.mykajabi.com/free-masterclass Get my books The Anxiety Reset Method and Master Your Relationship Anxiety here: https://georgiecollinson.com/books

[CONVERSATIONS DU SCARABEE] Anne Ghesquière et Alexandre Dana croisent leurs regards sur le thème du mois : S'abandonner à vivre. Aujourd'hui, ils vont parler de lâcher prise, de flow et de contrôle. Pourquoi cherchons-nous tant à tout contrôler dans nos vies ? Quelle place donner au lâcher prise ? Comment retrouver un rapport plus apaisé à la vie, à nos émotions, à nos relations, sans vouloir tout prédire ou tout verrouiller ? Et si nous nous affranchissions de cette illusion qu'est le contrôle pour embrasser à nouveau pleinement la vie ? Épisode #26 Les Conversations du Scarabée.Quelques citations des Conversations du Scarabée entre Anne et Alexandre :Anne : "La vie est imprévisible par nature."Alexandre : "Il y a un premier enjeu intéressant dans ce mot contrôle, est-ce que c'est le contrôle de moi envers moi-même ou le contrôle des autres envers moi ?"Anne : "Derrière l'hyper contrôle, il y a une anxiété profonde de ce que la vie nous réserve et en arrière-fond de tout ça, la peur ultime de la mort."Alexandre : "On mesure tout dans nos vies. C'est un sorte de contrôle absolu qui paradoxalement au lieu de nous rassurer peut créer encore plus d'anxiété."Thèmes abordés dans les Conversations du Scarabée entre Anne Ghesquière et Alexandre Dana :00:00 Introduction.03:36 Les personnalités control freak06:29 Abandon et confiance10:26 Anxiété et présence croissante du contrôle dans nos sociétés15:35 L'ambiguïté des technologies à notre service20:54 Hyper contrôle et peur de la mort24:55 Bifurquer et faire le deuil de la toute puissance27:20 État de flow et processus37:35 Lâcher ce sur quoi on n'a pas de priseAvant-propos et précautions à l'écoute du podcast Découvrez Objectif Métamorphose, notre programme en 12 étapes pour partir à la rencontre de soi-même.Recevez chaque semaine l'inspirante newsletter Métamorphose par Anne GhesquièreFaites le TEST gratuit de La Roue Métamorphose avec 9 piliers de votre vie !Suivez nos RS : Insta, Facebook & TikTokAbonnez-vous sur Apple Podcast / Spotify / Deezer / CastBox/ YoutubeSoutenez Métamorphose en rejoignant la Tribu MétamorphosePhoto DR Hébergé par Acast. Visitez acast.com/privacy pour plus d'informations.

Tu veux un téléphone éthique ? Loue ton Fairphone avec Commown. _Attention, ce podcast apaise l'éco-anxiété et les angoisses écolos. Voici Pablo Servigne, auteur de "Comment tout peut s'effondrer" et père de la collapsologie.SOMMAIRE00:57 Comment ses enfants voient l'effondrement ?03:53 Peut-on être lucide et joyeux ? 08:05 Pablo Servigne fait-il de l'éco-anxiété ? 11:00 Il a créé des milliers de dépression ? 17:37 Eco-anxiété : 3 conseils de Pablo Servigne en 2020 23:25 Comment être heureux dans un monde qui s'effondre ? 25:58 De chercheur à militant ? 30:11 Comment militer sans s'épuiser ? 34:46 Local vs global : où agir ? 37:33 Quel monde dans 5 ans ? 41:25 : L'actu 2020 vue par Pablo Servigne 45:18 Sa quête de sens 49:45 Avoir des enfants malgré l'effondrement de la civilisation ? 52:22 C'est quoi être un homme aujourd'hui ?DANS CE PODCAST► Le magazine Yggdrasil sur l'effondrement : https://yggdrasil-mag.com► Le CNNR Conseil National de la Nouvelle Résistance : https://cnnr.fr► Le MKP (Mankind Project) : https://www.mkpfrance.org (équivalent femmes : https://sacreefemme.ch)CA RISQUE DE TE PLAIRE :► Tu veux 50€ ET t'es écolo ? : https://bit.ly/50euros_OÙ ECOUTER LE PODCAST SOIF DE SENS ?► Apple : https://apple.co/3425Ms2► Spotify : https://spoti.fi/3mXwZob► Imago : http://bit.ly/37dYZ0O► Soundcloud : http://bit.ly/3emJWpM► Deezer : https://bit.ly/340VqIN► Google : https://bit.ly/2SbFo9v► Toutes les plateformes : https://anchor.fm/soifdesens_Merci au sponsor du mois : le téléphone éthique Fairphone et la coopérative Commown !Découvre leur offre de téléphone éthique sur t.ly/fairphone.Distribué par Audiomeans. Visitez audiomeans.fr/politique-de-confidentialite pour plus d'informations.

Il sait enfin s'endormir seul !  C'est le bonheur !  Tout à coup pour une raison qu'on ignore, les pleurs reviennent à l'heure du coucher et petit à petit, c'est comme s'il ne savait plus s'endormir seul !  Que s'est-il passé ?  Ou sont allés ses acquis en matière d'autonomie au dodo ?  Voici quelques pistes de réflexion avec Marion notre Amie du dodo de la Suisse !Bonne écoute

durée : 01:59:15 - Les Matins du samedi - par : Marguerite Catton - Cette semaine, dans les Matins du samedi, on s'intéresse à l'éco-anxiété, aux Etats-unis et aux origines historiques du trumpisme et puis cap sur les banlieues populaires françaises à l'occasion de l'exposition Banlieues chéries du musée de l'immigration à Paris ! - réalisation : Jean-Christophe Francis - invités : Jean Le Goff Psychosociologue clinicien au centre d'Etudes Psychosociologiques et Travaux de Recherche Appliquée (ESTA) et docteur en sociologie à l'université Paris Cité; Emmanuelle Perez Tisserant Maîtresse de conférences en Histoire à l'université de Toulouse; Romain Huret Historien des États-Unis, président de l'EHESS; Emmanuel Bellanger Historien; Alexia Fiasco Photographe, fondatrice du collectif d'artistes filles de Blédard installé à Saint-Denis.

durée : 00:09:18 - La Transition de la semaine - par : Marguerite Catton - Cette semaine, dans la Transition de la semaine, on s'intéresse à l'éco-anxiété, un nouveau mal du siècle aux racines environnementales. Que savons-nous de ce sentiment ? - réalisation : Jean-Christophe Francis - invités : Jean Le Goff Psychosociologue clinicien au centre d'Etudes Psychosociologiques et Travaux de Recherche Appliquée (ESTA) et docteur en sociologie à l'université Paris Cité

durée : 01:59:15 - Les Matins du samedi - par : Marguerite Catton - Cette semaine, dans les Matins du samedi, on s'intéresse à l'éco-anxiété, aux Etats-unis et aux origines historiques du trumpisme et puis cap sur les banlieues populaires françaises à l'occasion de l'exposition Banlieues chéries du musée de l'immigration à Paris ! - réalisation : Jean-Christophe Francis - invités : Jean Le Goff Psychosociologue clinicien au centre d'Etudes Psychosociologiques et Travaux de Recherche Appliquée (ESTA) et docteur en sociologie à l'université Paris Cité; Emmanuelle Perez Tisserant Maîtresse de conférences en Histoire à l'université de Toulouse; Romain Huret Historien des États-Unis, président de l'EHESS; Emmanuel Bellanger Historien; Alexia Fiasco Photographe, fondatrice du collectif d'artistes filles de Blédard installé à Saint-Denis.

On a toutes et tous grandi avec un rapport au corps différent et aujourd'hui j'avais envie que vous puissiez entendre le témoignage puissant d'Alison Cavaillé qui après des années à lutter contre son corps, a découvert le chemin de la force, a découvert le chemin de la puissance de son corps.J'ai rencontré Alison il y a bientôt 6 ans, alors que sa marque TajineBanane commençait à se faire un nom.Je l'ai vu évoluer, gérer 3 enfants dont un tout petit, un allaitement long, une boite en pleine expansion, j'ai vu son stress et les premiers signes sur son corps.La prise de poids d'abord, au fil des ans, qui est venue masquer sa sédentarité et les difficultés. Et puis j'ai assisté à sa renaissance. A ses multiples déclics.J'ai vu cette femme incroyable reprendre le pouvoir et tomber d'amour pour le sport.Cet épisode est émouvant, drôle, intense, inspirant… bref il est à l'image d'Alison et j'espère qu'il vous aidera à vous lancer si vous hésitez.Nous avons enregistré au Club Med de Serre Chevalier lors du Podcast Club, pendant un moment privilégié, axé autour du sport justement !

Dans cet épisode, je te partage, sans filtre, ce que j'ai vécu cette année en termes de santé mentale, les différentes phases par lesquelles je suis passée, ainsi que les signaux qui nous alertent de ces désequilibres

In this episode, Georgie explores the hidden cost of hyper-independence—especially for women with high-functioning anxiety. If you've ever felt like you have to do it all yourself, struggle to ask for help, or find it hard to truly receive love and support, this one's for you. Georgie unpacks 7 subtle but powerful signs you might be stuck in a hyper-independent pattern, and shares the deeper emotional roots behind it. She also offers gentle, practical steps to begin softening those walls, reconnecting with your inner child, and rewriting the belief that needing others makes you weak. It's time to let go of the pressure and start saying yes to support.   Get the Anxiety Reset Toolkit now at the introduction rate of $297 AUD before it goes up by $100:  https://anxiety-reset.mykajabi.com/anxiety-reset-toolkit   Need more anxiety support? Apply for a 30 minute FREE Anxiety Relief Call to explore working with me as a private client: http://bit.ly/anxietyreset Watch my FREE Anxiety Reset Masterclass for women with high-functioning anxiety: https://anxiety-reset.mykajabi.com/free-masterclass Get my books The Anxiety Reset Method and Master Your Relationship Anxiety here: https://georgiecollinson.com/books

Assurances, conso, nouvelles technologies… "On en parle" vous oriente dans tout ce qui fait votre quotidien. 1. Comment éviter les frais élevés du roaming? 2. Les stratégies de Marc pour mieux gérer la consommation des infos sur son téléphone portable 3. Guichet: guide de survie dans un monde en crise

Anne Ghesquière reçoit le Dr Frédéric Fanget, médecin psychiatre et psychothérapeute, enseignant et auteur de nombreux livres best-sellers. Angoisses, insomnies, cœur qui cogne... Autant de formes d'anxiété qui n'ont plus de secret pour le Dr Frédéric Fanget, lui qui les côtoie chaque jour dans son cabinet. Fort de son expérience et de son expertise, il a décidé de désamorcer ce sujet à travers une BD, Le club des anxieux qui se soignent, en décortiquant ses mécanismes et en proposant de nombreuses solutions. Un épisode riche et passionnant. REDIFFUSION – BEST OF – MÉTAMORPHOSE]Le podcast #401 a été diffusé, la première fois, le 26 juin 2023ATTENTION : ces informations ne remplacent en aucun cas une consultation chez le médecin.Quelques citations du podcast avec le Dr Frédéric Fanget :"Avec l'habitude, en répétant les mêmes actions, on arrive à beaucoup mieux gérer son anxiété.""Il ne faut pas lutter contre nos pensées négatives quand on est anxieux, il faut apprendre à vivre avec.""Le bon souci c'est celui qui débouche sur une action."Thèmes abordés lors du podcast avec le Dr Frédéric Fanget : 00:00 Introduction06:18 Le mécanisme de l'anxiété.10:33 Anxiété et HPI11:55 Le bon souci.14:34 Anxiété et Addiction.16:28 Troubles anxieux et COVID.17:58 Le cas de l'introversion.19:17 Comment différencier anxiété / stress22:13 Guérir de l'anxiété.25:14 Les causes de l'anxiété.29:18 Le trouble anxieux généralisé.34:30 Que faire en cas d'attaque de panique ?39:13 Les signaux corporels.42:30 Quel médicament prendre ?46:35 TCC et anxiété56:03 L'ACT pour arrêter de lutter contre les symptômes.57:54 L'EMDR pour les stress post-traumatiques.1:00:45 Les techniques de régulation émotionnelle.1:04:54 Thérapie cognitive : une solution pour l'anxiété ?Avant-propos et précautions à l'écoute du podcast Découvrez Objectif Métamorphose, notre programme en 12 étapes pour partir à la rencontre de soi-même.Recevez chaque semaine l'inspirante newsletter Métamorphose par Anne GhesquièreFaites le TEST gratuit de La Roue Métamorphose avec 9 piliers de votre vie !Suivez nos RS : Insta, Facebook & TikTokAbonnez-vous sur Apple Podcast / Spotify / Deezer / CastBox/ YoutubeSoutenez Métamorphose en rejoignant la Tribu MétamorphosePhoto DR Hébergé par Acast. Visitez acast.com/privacy pour plus d'informations.

Vous nous l'avez TELLEMENT demandé : voici enfin un épisode de nous deux! On discute de notre relation d'amitié, la nouvelle relation amoureuse de Marilou, d'anxiété et plus encore sous le format du jeu We're not really strangers. Suivez nous sur les réseaux @elleslebalado et sur nos comptes @clr.physio & @marilouethierCet épisode est présenté par Floravi, une entreprise canadienne dédiée à la santé sexuelle offrant des produits hypoallergéniques d'une qualité exceptionnelle autant pour femmes que pour hommes. Utilisez le code promo ELLESBALADO15 pour un 15% de rabais sur les produits Floravi : https://www.floravi.comCet épisode est une production de Girl Crush. Utilisez notre code promo «ELLES15» pour 15% de rabais sur vos achats chez Girl Crush. Pour magasiner, visitez le : https://girlcrushgang.com

Comment mieux comprendre les émotions des enfants et des jeunes face au changement climatique ? C'est l'objet du projet de recherche et du podcast Eco-Emois. On en parle avec Bénédicte Mouton, Chercheuse post-doctorale, ULB, Faculté de psychologie et des sciences de l'éducation https://actus.ulb.be/fr/ulb-medias/ulb-podcasts/eco-emois Merci pour votre écoute Tendances Première, c'est également en direct tous les jours de la semaine de 10h à 11h30 sur www.rtbf.be/lapremiere Retrouvez tous les épisodes de Tendances Première sur notre plateforme Auvio.be : https://auvio.rtbf.be/emission/11090 Et si vous avez apprécié ce podcast, n'hésitez pas à nous donner des étoiles ou des commentaires, cela nous aide à le faire connaître plus largement. Distribué par Audiomeans. Visitez audiomeans.fr/politique-de-confidentialite pour plus d'informations.

Aujourd'hui, Zohra Bitan, Bruno Poncet et Antoine Diers débattent de l'actualité autour d'Alain Marschall et Olivier Truchot.

L'éco-anxiété touche de plus en plus de personnes face aux crises climatiques et environnementales. Entre actualités alarmantes et sentiment d'impuissance, il est facile de se sentir submergé. Pourtant, il existe des solutions pour mieux gérer cette angoisse et retrouver un sentiment d'action et d'espoir. Apprendre à gérer son éco-anxiété, c'est adopter des pratiques qui favorisent le bien-être tout en restant conscient des défis environnementaux. Dans cet épisode de Maintenant, vous savez nous explorons les meilleures méthodes pour surmonter l'angoisse climatique et trouver un équilibre entre conscience écologique et sérénité. Comment apaiser son stress face aux enjeux climatiques ? Quelles stratégies adopter pour transformer l'anxiété en engagement positif ? Ai-je besoin d'aide ? Écoutez la suite de cet épisode de Maintenant vous savez ! Un podcast Bababam Originals, écrit et réalisé par Hugo de l'Estrac. À écouter ensuite : Comment notre corps peut-il s'adapter au réchauffement climatique ? L'effondrement climatique a-t-il vraiment commencé ? Quelles sont les villes françaises les mieux préparées au réchauffement climatique ? Retrouvez tous les épisodes de "Maintenant vous savez". Suivez Bababam sur Instagram. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Vous avez tout essayé pour vous débarrasser de votre anxiété, mais elle revient toujours ? Ce n'est pas un signe d'échec, et encore moins une fatalité. Dans cet épisode, nous allons explorer les raisons profondes qui peuvent freiner votre guérison et, surtout, comment y remédier.✔ Les erreurs courantes qui empêchent de progresser✔ Pourquoi l'anxiété n'est pas votre ennemie, mais un signal à comprendre✔ L'importance de la régulation du système nerveux au quotidien✔ Comment surmonter la peur du changement et des émotions refouléesCet épisode vous aidera à adopter une approche plus bienveillante et efficace pour enfin avancer vers un apaisement durable.

Patrick vit dans un ehpad. Il vient de passer des examens et cela l'inquiète. Chaque soir, en direct, Caroline Dublanche accueille les auditeurs pour 2h30 d'échanges et de confidences. Pour participer, contactez l'émission au 09 69 39 10 11 (prix d'un appel local) ou sur parlonsnous@rtl.frDistribué par Audiomeans. Visitez audiomeans.fr/politique-de-confidentialite pour plus d'informations.

Tu me demandes souvent comment je gère mon anxiété, la pression quotidienne, le stress… Alors j'ai décidé de te faire un petit épisode à ce sujet ! On parle à cœur ouvert et sans filtre (comme d'hab) allant de tips faciles et rapides à appliquer qui m'ont beaucoup aider comme : le sport, la course à pied, les activités artistiques à des sujets un peu plus deep comme la thérapie, etc. J'ai également le plaisir de te partager que cet épisode est sponsorisé par adidas. Je suis très heureuse et flattée de leur engagement dans ce sujet. À tes écouteurs ! Bisoussss Lien de la chaussure de running SUPERNOVA : https://www.adidas.fr/chaussures-runningCollaboration commerciale Hébergé par Acast. Visitez acast.com/privacy pour plus d'informations.

Distribué par Audiomeans. Visitez audiomeans.fr/politique-de-confidentialite pour plus d'informations.

Dans cet épisode, Jérémie et Simon abordent les peurs courantes qui empêchent de franchir la porte du gym : le regard des autres, le manque de confiance et la peur de mal faire. Ils partagent des conseils concrets pour surmonter ces blocages, se sentir plus à l'aise et intégrer l'entraînement sans stress dans son quotidien. Un épisode motivant pour reprendre le contrôle et enfin profiter du gym avec sérénité.

Distribué par Audiomeans. Visitez audiomeans.fr/politique-de-confidentialite pour plus d'informations.

Pourquoi l'éco-anxiété n'est-elle pas reconnue comme une maladie ?Distribué par Audiomeans. Visitez audiomeans.fr/politique-de-confidentialite pour plus d'informations.

Calculer son niveau d'éco-anxiété avec la Maison des éco-anxieuxDistribué par Audiomeans. Visitez audiomeans.fr/politique-de-confidentialite pour plus d'informations.

C'est quoi l'éco-anxiété et comment l'apaiser ?

Pourquoi avoir créé un Observatoire de l'éco-anxiété ?

Dans cet épisode, nous explorons les mécanismes de l'anxiété avec une psychologue spécialisée qui partage son expertise et son expérience personnelle. Découvrez ce qu'est vraiment l'anxiété, les conséquences sur notre vie quotidienne, et pourquoi les stratégies traditionnelles comme la pensée positive ou l'évitement ne fonctionnent pas toujours. Notre invitée, Mélanie Julian, nous révèle des astuces concrètes pour aider nos proches qui souffrent d'anxiété et pour lesquels nous nous sentons souvent impuissant.

La masterclass psychotrauma : https://lapsychologiepourtous.podia.com/programme-psychotrauma-avec-yoanna-micoudPour découvrir le livre de Gwenaëlle et Yoanna : https://amzn.to/43hKzKQLe psychotrauma est aujourd'hui encore assez peu connu du grand public, pourtant on estime que 30% de la population européenne en sera victime à un moment ou un autre de sa vie.Pour certains, ayant grandi dans des conditions psychoaffectives défaillantes, la vie dans le psychotrauma est ce qu'ils connaissent depuis toujours, et ne savent même pas que cela n'est pas normal et qu'ils pourraient vivre plus sereinement et heureux.Mais qu'est ce qu'un psychotrauma? Le psychotrauma aussi appelé stress post traumatique, est un ensemble de symptômes consécutifs du trauma.Le trauma peut être de commission (agression, viol, accident...) ou d'omission (manque de sécurité affective dans l'enfance par exemple). Il peut également être simple ou complexe.Les symptômes sont divers : manque d'estime de soi, manque de confiance en soi et la vie, anxiété chronique, cauchemars, émotions débordantes qui nous submergent....La bonne nouvelle est que grâce aux progrès de la science, on sait aujourd'hui guérir le psychotrauma en reinformant notamment le système. nerveux. Cette guérison passe par le corps car le trauma est avant tout de nature biologique : stress intense dans le corps non "digéré". Il faut donc repasser par le corps pour guérir.Dans cette interview, Gwenaëlle Persiaux et Yoanna Micoud, psychologues cliniciennes, nous présentent leur denier livre illustré, expliquant simplement ce que sont le psychotraumatismes et comment ils impactent la vie des victimes. Elle nous expliquent également comment guérir de ce stress du corps qui n'arrive pas à s'apaiser et peut avoir de graves conséquences sur la santé. Become a member at https://plus.acast.com/s/lapsychologiepourtous. Hébergé par Acast. Visitez acast.com/privacy pour plus d'informations.

L'éco-anxiété : définition, manifestation et comment la gérer ?

Faut-il s'informer ou se protéger ? Trouver l'équilibre face à l'actualitéVous vous sentez submergé(e) par l'actualité et avez l'impression qu'elle plombe votre moral ?Vous préférez éviter de vous informer pour ne pas être impacté(e), mais vous vous demandez si c'est vraiment la solution ?Vous aimeriez trouver un moyen de rester au courant sans vous sentir impuissant(e) ou écrasé(e) par tout ce qui va mal ?L'actualité est souvent pesante, et il est facile d'osciller entre deux extrêmes : s'informer jusqu'à l'overdose et sombrer dans l'angoisse, ou tout couper pour se préserver… au risque de se déconnecter du monde. Dans cet épisode, nous allons explorer comment garder un lien conscient avec l'information sans se laisser engloutir, et surtout, comment en faire un moteur plutôt qu'un poids.✨ Écoute cet épisode pour :comprendre pourquoi refuser de s'informer n'est pas une vraie solutionapprendre à filtrer et digérer l'actualité sans se laisser submergertransformer l'information en prise de conscience et en action utile

Il y a ceux qui ne veulent rien voir. Et ceux qui ouvrent un œil et peut-être même les deux : notre maison brûle bel et bien, et certainement plus vite qu'on ne le voudrait. Un constat qui génère de plus en plus d'éco anxiété… et on le comprend ! Comment rester positif et croire si ce n'est à des lendemains qui chantent, à des lendemains tout court ? Comment garder espoir quand on est bombardés d'infos de plus en plus alarmantes sur la santé de notre planète ? Pour aborder ce sujet ô combien important et surtout, avoir quelques clés si comme moi, l'éco anxiété vous guette ou que vous éprouvez déjà ce sentiment, j'ai le plaisir de recevoir Charlotte Ogier, facilitatrice du Travail Qui Relie. Hébergé par Ausha. Visitez ausha.co/politique-de-confidentialite pour plus d'informations.

Si nous sommes constamment anxieux, irritable, inquiet, c'est qu'une partie de nous est à l'affût de tout ce qui pourrait nous mettre en danger physiquement ou émotionnellement.Lorsque la tension est trop forte, elle se transforme parfois en crise d'angoisse ou en attaque de panique.Parfois, souvent même, nous n'avons même pas idée de ce qui provoque cet état d'anxiété.. mais ce qui est sûr, c'est qu'il prend de plus en plus de place, et qu'il nous épuise moralement.Il est temps désormais de rencontrer cette partie de nous qui est en permanence en hyper vigilance et qui nous envoie des signaux de stress : notre garde du corps intérieur.Dans ce voyage, je vous propose de renouer le dialogue avec lui, d'apaiser ses craintes pour qu'il cesse de nous solliciter à l'excès. De créer une nouvelle alliance sereine, pour apporter plus de légèreté dans notre quotidien, et apaiser nos peurs, nos doutes, nos inquiétudes…Pour en savoir plus : https://pascalepicavet.frPour me contacter : psy@pascalepicavet.frPour me suivre sur les réseaux sociaux :Fb : @psypascalepicavetInsta : @pascale.picavetDécouvrir mon programme d'accompagnement thérapeutique pour « En finir enfin avec Angoisse & Panique » : https://programme.pascalepicavet.fr.................................................................................................................Textes / Voix / Montage : Pascale Picavet ©Crédit Musique : Solitude ( content ID ASLC-39D86551-C70BF42994)Hébergé par Ausha. Visitez ausha.co/politique-de-confidentialite pour plus d'informations.

Richard partage son angoisse profonde liée à la mort. À 34 ans, il est hanté par la peur de mourir. Richard cherche des conseils pour surmonter cette terreur omniprésente qui affecte sa vie quotidienne. Chaque soir, en direct, Caroline Dublanche accueille les auditeurs pour 2h30 d'échanges et de confidences. Pour participer, contactez l'émission au 09 69 39 10 11 (prix d'un appel local) ou sur parlonsnous@rtl.fr

Dans cet épisode de C'est pas dans ta tête, nous plongeons dans l'univers souvent mal compris du trouble obsessionnel-compulsif (TOC) et de son lien intime avec l'anxiété. Vous avez peut-être déjà entendu des clichés sur le TOC : une personne qui vérifie la porte dix fois ou qui se lave les mains à l'excès. Mais saviez-vous que derrière ces comportements se cache un mécanisme complexe où pensées obsessionnelles et compulsions s'entremêlent dans un cercle vicieux alimenté par l'anxiété ?Au programme : Qu'est-ce que le TOC, et comment fonctionne-t-il ? Pourquoi nos pensées intrusives semblent si menaçantes, et pourquoi il est si difficile d'y résister. Comment le TOC canalise une angoisse de fond pour donner une illusion de contrôle. Stratégies pour tolérer l'incertitude, calmer le système nerveux et sortir du cercle vicieux. Si vous avez déjà été confronté à des pensées intrusives, des rituels compulsifs, ou si vous cherchez à mieux comprendre le fonctionnement du TOC et de l'anxiété, cet épisode vous apportera des réponses claires et des pistes concrètes pour alléger votre quotidien. Un épisode essentiel pour quiconque veut comprendre et retrouver une sérénité intérieure. Bonne écoute ! Et n'oubliez pas de partager cet épisode avec ceux qui pourraient en avoir besoin.Si tu souffres d'attaques de panique et que tu cherches des solutions immédiatement applicables, j'ai créé un nouvel e-book

Last time we continued to speak about the insane battle over Southern Xinjiang. In Yarkland, chaos erupted as inflation soared, prompting Chinese officials to retreat to fortified New City. Panic led to desperate measures, including the use of dummy figures for defense. As insurgents advanced, Colonel Chin's forces looted and fled, sparking violence against Uyghurs and Hindu moneylenders. By April, rebel forces captured Kashgar, fracturing Chinese control. Amid shifting alliances, Ma Chanzeng sought power, but internal strife among leaders like Temur culminated in further violence and betrayal, with power ultimately shifting to the Khotanlik provisional government under Muhammad Amin Bughra. Abdullah's revelation ignited conflict among Muslim troops. The Uyghurs and Kirghiz briefly united against the Chinese, ultimately capturing the New City. As tensions rose, massacres occurred, fracturing alliances and leading to a power struggle. After the execution of Uyghur leader Temur, Abdullah seized control of Yarkland, while charismatic Tawfiq Bay rallied forces against the Tungans. Eventually, the Khotan Amirs dominated the region, achieving unity amidst chaos, leaving only the besieged Tungans at bay.   #135 Kumul Rebellion part 4: The reunification of Xinjiang Welcome to the Fall and Rise of China Podcast, I am your dutiful host Craig Watson. But, before we start I want to also remind you this podcast is only made possible through the efforts of Kings and Generals over at Youtube. Perhaps you want to learn more about the history of Asia? Kings and Generals have an assortment of episodes on history of asia and much more  so go give them a look over on Youtube. So please subscribe to Kings and Generals over at Youtube and to continue helping us produce this content please check out www.patreon.com/kingsandgenerals. If you are still hungry for some more history related content, over on my channel, the Pacific War Channel where I cover the history of China and Japan from the 19th century until the end of the Pacific War. Do you remember Ma Chongying, basically the guy that started most of this madness? Following him getting severely wounded at Liaotun in autumn of 1932, he had withdrawn the majority of his forces to his old domain in northwestern Gansu. He set up a HQ at Anxi and through his subordinates began expanding territory and increasing recruitment via conscription. The British missionaries Mildred Cable and Francesca French were living in Tunhuang at the time and wrote extensively about Ma Congying's recruitment efforts “The town was robbed of everything in the nature of food, goods and money ... next to food the most coveted possessions of the oases were the young, vigorous, hardy men ... These were the men whom Ma Chung-ying wanted for gun fodder, and orders were issued to the press-gang to fetch them in from every farm of the neighborhood, and collect them in Tunhuang City. Every day we saw them being rounded up. The ropes which they themselves had twisted from desert grass were used to tie their hands behind their backs, and to noose their necks in a running-knot. Roped together in droves of twenty to thirty, according to the success of the raid, they were brought to town by captors who rode the horses levied from these boys' own stables. Thrust behind the high palings of temple courtyards, the imprisoned youths lined the barriers, looking out for some passers-by who might belong to their own group of farmsteads and would take a report home that son or husband had been captured”. After initial training at Tunhuang, the recruits were taken to Anxi for further training. Cable and French were ordered to Anxi to aid Ma Chongying with his wounds and to  take care of other Tungans who reportedly had been injured by fire arrows during the siege of Kumul Old City. They did a good job as within a short amount of time Ma Chongying was able to ride again.  Back in Xinjiang, following the failed Uyghur led rebellion at Kumul and facing another imminent Tungant invasion in the Turfan area Jin Shujen turned increasingly to the USSR for help. In September of 1931 he bought two biplanes for the Soviets at 40,000 Mexican silver dollars each. The planes came with two Russian pilots and on October 1st, Jin signed a secret trade deal with the USSR allowing 8 Soviet trading agencies to set up shop in Urumqi, Chuguchak, Kashgar, Kulja, Aksu, Kucha, Khotan and Yarkland. Customs duties on Soviets goods were reduced and a new Xinjiang-Soviet telegraph line and radio communications were established. Jin signed these deals illegally without notifying Nanjing and in return received economic and military assistance from the Soviets. In July of 1932 he would receive another 8 aircraft. Yet despite the Soviet assistance, Jin's provincial forces with the exception of Peppengut's White Russian detachment remained ill trained and ill officered. Following the relief of Kumul Old City and Ma Chongyings retreat back to Gansu, Chang Peiyuan, the provincial commander in chief and military governor of Ili went to Urumqi. It appears that Jin did not fully trust Chang Peiyuan, possibly fearing that the victory at Kumul had stirred up dangerous ambitions in Chang. This distrust seemed to be mutual, as Chang, upon receiving orders to transfer to the provincial capital, chose to defy them and returned to Ili in an act bordering on open rebellion. In response, Jin appointed Sheng Shihtsai, Chang's Chief-of-Staff during the Kumul campaign, as the new Provincial Commander-in-Chief. This decision would have significant implications both for Jin's future and for the future of Xinjiang. Sheng Shihtsai was born in 1895 in Liaoning Manchuria. He was the son of a small landowner. In 1917 he traveled to Japan to study political economics at Waseda University and came back to China in 1919 to participate in the May 4th movement. During that time he developed radical and anti-Japanese stances. He then joined the military training school in Guangdong and later enrolled in the northeastern military academy. He entered military service under Guo Songling, haha that old cry baby, who was deputy under Zhang Zuolin. Sheng Shihtsai rose through the ranks becoming a Lt Colonel. In 1924 Guo Songling sponsored Sheng's admission to the Shikan Gakko military academy in Japan. Sheng returned briefly to help Guo Songlings failed coup against Zhang Zuolin, but was able to escape imprisonment with support from Feng Yuxiang and Chiang Kai-Shek. They got him a ticket back to Japan, and he returned to China in 1927 to participate in the northern expedition as a staff officer attached to Chiang Kai-Sheks HQ. After the northern expedition, he was made chief of war operations section of the General staff at Nanjing, but in 1929 resigned as he did not get along with his superiors. After all of this he took an interest in China's border defences. At the time a delegation from Xinjiang visited Nanjing searching for financial aid. Jin Shujen had instructed one of his delegates, Kuang Lu the deputy General secretary of Xinjiang, to find an able bodied officer to help reorganize Xinjiang's military. Kuang Lu fished around and found Sheng who looked like a very promising man. Sheng then traveled via the USSR arriving to Urumqi in the winter of 1929. His initial welcome was a luke warm one as Jin was suspicious of this highly qualified overseas educated man, obviously seeing him as a potential threat. Moreover, Jin's brother Jin Shuxin hated Sheng's appointment because the man outshined him. Despite the jealousy, Jin was basically grasping at straws and needed the help so he made Sheng the chief of staff over the Xinjiang Frontier Army and also the instructor at the provincial military college.  In the words of historian Chan Fooklam “Sheng's appointment was like Jin burying a time bomb under his bed, he had brought upon himself his own doom”. Despite receiving aid from the Soviets and British, Jin's grip over Xinjiang was slipping away. In May of 1932 Ma Chongying had dispatched Ma Shuming to take over the Tungan operation against Turfan. As we talked about, Ma Fuming, leading the provincial forces at Turfan simply defected. Also at this time Chang Peiyuan's insubordination was breaking out, easing the way for Sheng to be promoted to commander in chief. Sheng was directing an unsuccessful campaign against Uyghur insurgents at Karlik Tagh. Following news of Ma Fumings defection and the Tungan capture of Turfan, Sheng advanced west from Kumul to try and prevent the combined Muslim forces from marching upon Urumqi. After a bloody two day battle he recaptured Turfan, but this has little effect over Ma Shuming who had already moved his HQ to Kara Shahr.  During mid-winter, Ma Shuming's Tungan cavalry and Ma Fumings Turkic insurgents began an advance to Urumqi. At some point a force of provincial troops sent to Urumqi by Jin, specifically to guard the Dawan Cheng Pass were ambushed and annihilated by the Tungans. Meanwhile full scale rebellions had broken out at Kucha led by Temur and at Khotan led by the Amirs. To this Jin responded by expanding Pappenguts White Russian detachment from its original strength of 250 to 1500 men. The White Russians, most of whom came from Ili Valley, had literally no choice but to enlist. Alongside threatening any White Russians with deportation to the USSR, Jin also arrested many Russian women to compel their husbands to enlist. By early January of 1933, Ma Shumings Tungans had crossed the Dawan Cheng and were now operating at will in the Chaiwupao corridor, to the immediate south of the capital. Wu Aichen the political envoy on behalf of Nanjing reported on January 29th, that the city gates were suddenly closed and a month of food shortages and communal tensions rose. Wu Aichen would witness the brutality of the war. In his reports, the Tungans advanced towards the city during the night, seizing the Great West Bridge after a heavy fight. The Provincial commander defending the city only had 700 troops under him and if it was not for 300 White Russian troops suddenly arriving, the city most likely would have fallen then. Wu Aichen described the White Russian troops as superb fighters, albeit savagely drunk as they drove back the Tungan and Uyghurs during two days of hand to hand combat. Meanwhile Tungans had captured the radio station and a nearby height called Devil's Hill which overlooked the Urumqi suburbs. The Chinese officials feared letting in any more Muslim civilians to the Old City, thus they kept the city gates causing large numbers of refugees from the suburbs to gather outside the walls. This was particularly evident at the west gate which became the focal point of the fighting. Wu Aichen witnessed much of it and had this to say. “In times of peace this street was one of the most prosperous in the city, but now it was crowded With innocent fugitives, whose plight was terrible indeed. There was was worse to come, however, for now the advancing rebels came to this quarter and seizing the houses made loop-holes in the walls. In the flat roofs they set up machine-gun posts which could enfilade Government positions on either side of them. I could see for myself that the situation was desperate and that our troops would be pinned against the walls. General Pai, who was in command, did not hesitate. He gave the order that the street of the small religion should be set on fire. Then followed a scene so frightful that the reader's imagination must suffice. As the flames swept down the long lane of wooden structures they became an inferno of horror, for the roar of the conflagration was added to the rattle of gunfire, .and the hideous shrieks of those who were trapped. The rebels sought safety in flight, and as they crossed the open were machine-gunned from the Red Mountain; but the fugitives had nowhere to fly to and perished to the last man, woman and child. Nevertheless the city was saved, and when at last the flames died down the approach to the West Bridge was strewn with the bodies of our assailants. On the evening of the second day I had completed ten thousand words of copying. I asked how many were dead. I was told at least two thousand. Once again I returned to my task, reflecting that a human life had been taken at every fifth word”. Following the defeat, the Muslim forces had to pull back from the West Gate area, however, they still held control over the West Bridge, a mere half mile northwest. This gave them a great launchpad for night raids and many would be killed trying to scale the walls under the mouths of guns. The White Russian troops emerged as the backbone of the defenses, holding the city walls and making occasional sorties. Urumqi would have fallen if it was not for Sheng Shihtsai who came to her aid with his troops from Turfan. Upon seeing his relief forces the Muslim insurgents broke off their attack and withdrew into the surrounding countryside. With winter coming to an end, with fear of a cholera outbreak looming the Chinese went to work burying the dead. Wu Aichen was one of those who helped with the burials and wrote a horrifying description about the conditions of the city. Over 1000 bodies were buried in a single mass grave within the suburbs and the final death toll was estimated to exceed 6000. Following the relief of Urumqi, the Muslim insurgents seized all they could in the countryside such as Dawan Cheng, the districts of Fukang and parts of Santopao where an estimated 900 Han Chinese were killed. The insurgents burned the stocks of rice that usually fed the capital and on March 1st a detachment of 100 provincial troops were ambushed and annihilated at Chitaowan. The situation throughout the province deteriorated; to the south Ma Shaowu had isolated Kashgar and in the north a Kazakh rebellion broke out in the Sahara Sume region under Sharif Khan. The Kazakh uprising convinced the Soviets that Jin Sujen was going to inevitably lose Xinjiang. They acted without any notice to Nanjing by dispatching forces to help hold up Urumqi. Fate would have it, 2000 battle hardened Chinese troops had recently been driven over the Heilongjiang border into Siberia by the Japanese during the invasion of Manchuria. So Stalin signed off on sending them over the trans-siberian and Turk-sib railways to the Xinjiang frontier of Chuguchak. This force designated the Northeast National Salvation Army consisted of regular soldiers who were well trained and held good morale. They arrived to Urumqi on March 27th of 1933, substantially bolstering the provincial military, more particularly that of the new Provincial commander in chief, Sheng Shihtsai who just so happened to also be a Manchurian.  Sheng led the new forces to push back the invading Tungans of Ma Shuming who was forced over the Dawan Cheng back to his HQ at Kara Shahr. The Uyghur insurgents were demoralized and Khoja Niyas Hajji who controlled a belt around the Xinjiang-Gansu frontier began begining for assistance from Ma Chongying. Meanwhile Jin basically was undermined by Sheng and was seeing further unrest in Urumqi. The White Russians who had bore the brunt of the fighting to defend Urumqi were royally pissed off as they had not all been paid and were provided the worst horses and ammunition of all the defenders. Moreover Jin's popularity with all nationalities, even Han Chinese had fallen dramatically because his brother Jin Shuxin had reportedly exorted the granaries during the siege. Following the relief of Urumqi, Pappengut and the other White Russians approached the leaders of the northeast national salvation army with grievances against Jin Shujen and were given assurances of support to mount a coup against him. On April 12th, around 400 White Russians stormed the capital with 200 of them seizing the city gates and yamen. Jin managed to escape over the city walls and fled to the USSR via Chuguchak. From there he returned to China via the Turk-Sib and Trans-Siberian. Meanwhile his younger brother Jin Shuxin was captured and executed. Sheng Shihtsai was encamped at Uruba at the time of the coup and insisted in his future memoirs he had nothing to do with the coup and that it was all the USSR's doing. Regardless after the coup Sheng was urged to go to Urumqi where negotiations began with Liu Wenlung who was appointed Provincial Chairman while Sheng was made Tupan or “border defense commissioner”. Ie; Sheng was made the de facto ruler of Xinjiang.  After Ma Shumings failure to take Urumqi and Khoja Niyas Hajji's pleas for help, Ma Chongying determined to reenter the fray in person. Despite the setbacks, the Tungans had crossed the Dawan Cheng and nearly taken the capital, coupled with the seizure of Kashgar, Ma Chongying most likely believed there was still a great chance to take it all. He had spent 18 months rebuilding his army and better yet, because of the USSR's illegal move to save Urumqi, Nanjing officially recognizing his Tungan forces as the 36th division of the NRA. Ma Chongying moved his HQ from Anxi to Suzhou and really improved his military. A German engineer named Vasel working with him described him as a man who admired Napoleon, Bismarck and Hindenburg and who “was frequently to be seen running at the head of his troops during training, even in sub-zero temperature. Military training was pursued with a spartan rigour, pushed to the verge of utter ruthlessness. Desertion was punishable by death, and on one occasion I saw Ma personally behead five such offenders. In one of those sudden fits of exuberance that were typical of him, snatching up casually some hand grenades, which he had made himself, and hurling them, one by one, against the lofty clay-coloured walls of the city. And then he laughed heartily when he saw his men fling themselves flat on the ground as splinters of steel hurtled in all directions. He scorned to seek safety by throwing himself on the ground, and was quite delighted when he saw that I too did not seek cover”. During spring of 1933, Ma Chongying prepared to reinvade Xinjiang. A Swedish man named Bexeill was working along the Gansu-Qinghai border and noted Ma Chongying heavily taxed his territory in northwestern Gansu to the limits of the peasants endurance. He apparently even sent troops into Qinghai to illegally tax them. By May of 1933 his army departed Suhou for Yumen and Vasel gives us this description of them. “A dark mass of human beings, camels and oxen, was pouring out of the city gate towards the west amid clouds of dust. There were hundreds of heavily-laden camels, the bells on their necks clanging monotonously, their drivers easily discernible by their gaudy headgear. In the rear followed high-wheeled ox-carts, flanked on either side by infantry. Behind them again came a company of cavalry, which presently galloped past the lumbering camels and oxen along the track through the desert ... and now I had an opportunity of seeing at close range General Ma's famous cavalry riding past me and keeping its post at the head of the marching columns. This was the famous white cavalry regiment of which General Ma was especially proud. The broad iron swords of the dragoons clanked as they rode along on their magnificent white horses, while on their shoulders they carried carbines of the most varied and antiquated patterns. Next came the brown regiment, while in the rear followed the black regiment, comprising some two thousand horsemen. A short distance behind the cavalry came the infantry - regiment after regiment, headed by the Chinese (Kuomintang) standard. On they swept, platoon after platoon, followed by their officers, with their mausers at the ready. The columns strode along, keeping perfect time with their shrill, high-pitched, mournful, Asiatic marching songs. Sandwiched between some of these trained and trustworthy soldiers I saw large drafts of recruits who had been compelled to join General Ma's forces. These raw levies were constantly kept under very close observation'. On Top of Ma Chongyings new Tungan army, young Uyghurs were also conscripted into his ranks. 2500 Tungans under the command of his younger brother Ma Chongjie captured Kumul in May with little opposition. This was because the area was dominated by Ma Chongyings ally Khoja Niyas Hajji. After this Ma Chongjie issued bilingual proclamations to the people of Kumul, stating they were free of Jin Shujen's tyranny, who at the time was in the USSR. Meanwhile Sheng hurriedly prepared a force of 5000 to meet the invaders near Urumqi. Ma Chongying advanced upon Qiqiaoqing unopposed, getting even further west than his first invasion of 1931. Instead of taking the main road to Turgan, the Tungans crossed the narrow defile between Barkul Tagh and Bogdo Ula to hit the garrison town of Kitai. The first major battle broke out near Mulei, due east of Kitai on May 15th. Two days later a mixed force of 4000 Tungans and Turkic Muslims attacked Kitai led by Ma Chongjie. On May 26th Sheng sortied from Urumqi at the head of 5000 men, 1000 of whom were White Russians. Sheng planned to hold Santai, the halfway point between Urumqi and Kitai. Sheng's men attacked the invaders around Kitai, but lost the battle for the city, though Ma Chongjie was killed in battle. Sheng then retreated back to Urumqi by June 1st. Things looked dire for Sheng, he was unsure how Nanjing would react to the coup against Jin Shujen, his position was threatened to the east by Ma Chongying now headquartered at Kitai and to the west by Chang Peiyuan the military governor of Ili whom he suspected was not loyal to Urumqi and in league with the Tungans. Ma Chongying was now within striking distance of Urumqi, when he suddenly halted his attack and sent a telegram with terms. It turns out Ma Chongying had no idea Jin Shujen had been overthrown, so he was unsure how to proceed. This bought Sheng more time to raise defenses, sending the White Russians to hold Fukang as he dispatched Wu Aichen on a peace mission to Kitai. Wu Aichen's mission failed, so Sheng went to Fukang to take personal command of the army and to meet Ma Chongying around the hamlet of Zuniquan. During the battle of mid June, the provincial forces managed to gain the upper hand due to severe weather conditions for which the lightly clothed Tungans were ill prepared for. The Uyghurs forces of Khoja Niyas Hajji also took no part in the fighting despite being in the immediate area. The Tungans were defeated at Zuniquan, but not routed. Ma Chongyings men managed to retreat in well order to Qiqiaoqing and from there advanced to Turfan joined Tungan forces under Ma Shuming. Combined the Tungans marched to Dawan Cheng. At the same time a Pacification Commissioner, Huang Musung was sent by Nanjing to Urumqi. His mission was to establish peace between the provincial forces and Ma Chongying, both of whom claimed loyalty to Nanjing. Sheng was suspicious of Huang Musung and felt Nanjing might be simply backing the Tungans. Thus Sheng had Huang Musung placed under house arrest. Then Sheng accused three Xinjiang officials of plotting with Huang Musung, Chang Peiyuan and Ma Chongying to overthrow him and had them all executed via a firing squad. Thus Sheng clearly had distanced himself from Nanjing and turned 100% to the USSR for help. During early Autumn Ma Chongying was still in Turfan reorganizing the forces while Sheng was consolidating his position in Urumqi and quelling the Kazakh rebellion.  Meanwhile Khoja Niyas Hajji was growing uneasy with his alliance to Ma Chongying and began to open up secret negotiations with Sheng and soon was appointed Chief Defense commissioner for Southern Xinjiang. He then took his Uyghurs across the Dawan Cheng and occupied Toksun only to be surprise attacked and decisively defeated by Tungans under Ma Shuming. By late July Khoja Niyas Hajji took his battered survivors and fled for Kucha. At this point Huang Musung managed to secure his release from house arrest by telegramming Nanjing the recommendation that Sheng Shihtsai and Liu Wenlung be confirmed in their posts as the chief military and civil authorities over Xinjiang. Nanjing had really no options other than to comply.  On September 2nd Lo Wenkan, the foreign minister of Nanjing, came to Urumqi and officially confirmed Sheng into office and then mediated between Sheng and Ma Chongying. To compensate Ma Chongying he was offered the post of Garrison Commander of Eastern Xinjiang which he accepted, thus gaining control over Kumul, Barkul and part of Turfan. After Lo Wenkan departed in early October, suddenly Sheng announced the discovery of a new plot against him. He accused Liu Wenlung of conspiring with Ma Chongying, Chang Peiyuan and Lo Wenkan to overthrow him. Liu Wenlung was forced to resign and was replaced as the provincial chairman by Zhu Juixi. Sheng then prepared a final hammer blow against Ma Chongying. However Ma Chongying had secretly been working with Ma Shuming to deliver a lighting stroke against Urumqi which came in December of 1933. Tungan forces passed Dawan Cheng and began attacking the capital. Likewise in response to the constant accusations, Chang Peiyuan finally threw his support to the Tungans. He led his troops across the Talki Pass into Zungharia and attacked the Provincial forces stationed at Wusu. Meanwhile encouraged by the advance of the Gansu Tungans, the indigenous Tungans of Zungharia rose en masse to Ma Chongyings banner. In late december a detachment of the 36th NRA led by Ma Shuming bypassed Urumqi and attacked Chuguchak. Vasel happened to witness this and described the battle as such “The sun's rays, by this time, were shining obliquely across the street and showed us the Tungan army entering the town ... Stirrup to stirrup, the young regular soldiers in their smart uniforms looked a well-disciplined, trim and efficient force. r recognised one of their officers, Ma Shih-ming, the Commander-in-Chief's adjutant, who had frequently been my guest in Soochow. These regular soldiers rode past on beautiful horses, while huge red flags floated in the breeze above their heads, bearing the character 'Ma' in black letters on a white ground. At a short distance followed a horde that was tolerably well equipped . . . I saw needle-guns, blunderbusses and muzzle-loaders ... In their rear dense clouds of dust, which shut out the light, billowed onward, and then came the infantry. . . men with wild eyes and matted hair. . . outlaws who had nothing to lose and everything to gain from the upheaval that was going on. After the infantry followed a huge horde of camels, with their rhythmical swaying gait, laden with produce and goods of every conceivable type ... the breath came from their mouths like smoke - their necks were craned forward, and their heads kept bobbing up and down.”With the Tungans taking Zunghaira, the Khotan Amirs running amok in the south and Chang Peiyuan joining the fray, Sheng's position at Urumqi was hopeless. While Ma Chongying and Sheng Shihtsai continued their struggle in the north, in the south Muhammad Amin Bughra woo'd Khoja Niyas Hajji to become president of a new secessionist Islamic state. Thus was born the Turkic Islamic Republic of Eastern Turkestan ie TIRET. While Khoja Niyas Kajji was the quote president, this was simply symbolic, the real leadership remained with the Amirs. Amir Abdulah retained control over Yarkland, Amir Nur Ahmad Jan over Yangi Hissar and Kashgar and Bughra over Khotan. Shari a law was implemented, a national flag with a white star and crescent over a blue ground was made and the new state sought aid and recognition from Britain. But the TIRET would never receive said recognition or aid, for Britain respected Nanjing's government as the sole authority in Xinjiang. TIRET turned next to Turkey, but found no real help. Then they turned to Afghanistan who likewise could not help them. TIRET was doomed from the very beginning. Meanwhile the battles raged between Sheng and Ma Chongying. Sheng knew Nanjing would not assist him so he turned to the USSR. Sheng dispatched diplomats Chen Teli and Yaoxiong to Moscow pleading for assistance. The Soviets were sympathetic and quite concerned with events such as the rise of TIRET and the possibility of Ma Chongying capturing Urumqi as they suspected him and TIRET to have ties to the Japanese. Weary of Germany and Japan, the USSR took up a policy of curbing any influence from either, especially in her Central Asian frontiers. The Soviets sent this warning to Nanjing “'We do not mind if you Chinese develop [Eastern] Turkestan. But if you permit [Eastern] Turkestan to become a second Manchuria, we must act to protect ourselves. '” Thus in late 1933, following pleas for help from Sheng Shihtsai, the Soviets chose to intervene on behalf of Sheng, whom was known to be a loose cannon and unreliable, but atleast was anti-Japanese. The USSR appointed Apresoff as the new consul-general at Urumqi and upon his arrival Sheng conducted a purge. Officers from the Northeast National Salvation army and White Russian volunteers were arrested and shot, including Pappengut. The White Russians units were reorganized under the command of new Soviet officers. Sheng signed a secret deal with the USSR to allow them to build a railway from Sergiopol, through Chuguchak to Urumqi. Sheng also announced 6 new principles going forward (I) anti-imperialism, (2) kinship to Sovietism, (3) racial or national equality, (4) 'clean' government, (5) peace, and (6) reconstruction.  The Soviets were pleased and after receiving approval from Nanjing dispatched two brigades, numbered some 7000 men supported by tanks, artillery and aircraft against the insurgent positions at Kulja and Chuguchak. The Soviets had orders to “clear the roads and liquidate the rebellion”. They rapidly overwhelmed the forces of Chang Peiyuan who committed suicide in shame. The Tungans of Ma Shuming put up a better fight but were dislodged from the Chuguchak area. According to Vasel, the Tungans managed to beat back some attacks during 30 days of battle. In one instance the Tungans foiled a Soviet pincer attack by “crawling through the snow, camouflaged by reversed sheepskins, and storming, from a very short distance, Soviet machine-gun posts whilst wielding the characteristic curved sword of Islam”. The main battle broke out on the frost-bound banks of the Tutun River, 30 miles northwest of Urumqi. According to The Times correspondent Peter Fleming , “the Battle of the Tutun River 'raged for several days; but the Tungans' unskilled ferocity was no match for a mechanised foe, and the troops ... were badly demoralised by gas bombs dropped by the Soviet airmen”.  Both the Soviets and Tungans took heavy casualties, but ultimately the Soviets won, forcing Ma Chongying to retreat from Urumqi to the Dawan Cheng, pursued by a mixed force of Soviets, White Russians and Chinese. The Tungans attempted to make a stand at Dawan Cheng, but according to Vasel “a detachment of Soviet troops supported by armoured cars was attacked by a force of some 500 Tungans. After savage hand-to-hand fighting the Soviet forces were driven back, and their armoured cars were rolled off the mountainside by the victorious Tungans. At this juncture, by a strange twist of fate, the surviving Soviet troops were relieved by a force of White Russian 'volunteers', and Ma Chung-ying was forced to continue his retreat through Toksun to Korla”. Meanwhile in Southern Xinjiang, the Soviets tried to break the TIRET. A Soviet backed force of irregulars known as the “Tortunjis” was set up at Ulug Chat, led by Yusuf Jan. The Soviets also negotiated secretly with Khoja Niyas Hajji who despite being the president of the TIRET had taken all of his forces to Aksu. As a result Khoja Niyas Hajji received Soviet arms in return for turning against his anti-soviet colleagues. Yet despite Soviet support, Khoja Niyas Hajji's Uyghur forces were decisively defeated by 800 Tungans under Ma Chongying. Khoja Niyas Hajji had to abandon his HQ at Aksu fleeing for Kashgar with 1500 men on January 13th of 1934. The Tungans soon besieged Kashgar New City forcing Khoja Niyas Hajji and local forces under Sabit Damullah to withdrew towards Yangi-Hissar, then held by Nur Ahmad Jan. Within 24 hours the Tungan advance guard led by Ma Fuyuan entered Kashgar meeting little resistance. According to British Consulate General Thomson-Glover “'some 800 Tungans and 1,200 conscripts caused nearly 10,000 rebel troops to flee from Kashgar'” To make thing more complicated at this time Ma Shaowu assumed senior military and civil control on behalf of Nanjing and at the request of Ma Chanzeng and Ma Fuyuan. Thus the capital of TIRET was recaptured for Nanjing, but not by their approved forces under Sheng, but of those under Ma Chongying. Following the fall of Kashgar, TIRET moved its administration to Yangi-Hissar. Meanwhile Khoja Niyas Hajji fled to Irkeshtam on the Soviet border and there signed a treaty with the USSR to dissolve the TIRET and relinquished his forces to be used by the Xinjiang provincial authorities against the Tungans and Khotan Amirs. For this he was rewarded Civil Governor for life over Xinjiang with Sheng Shihtsai retaining military governorship. On February 14th, the Khotanlik forces tried but failed to recapture Kashgar. In response for two days the Tungans systematically looted Kashgar old city while they massacred nearly 2000 of its citizenry. Then Ma Chanzeng and Ma Fuyuan advanced to Yangi-Hissar where on March 28th looted its old city and killed everyone they got their hands on. In the face of the Tungan onslaught, Amir Nur Ahmad Jan fled into Yangi Hissar New City and Sabit Damullah fled for Yarkland. Nur Ahmad Jan led a fierce resistance at the New City until April 2nd when Amir Abdullah arrived from Yarkland with several thousand troops. However caught out in the open, Abdullah's men were obliterated by the Tungans and Abdullah was cut down and his severed head was sent to Kashgar to be exhibited outside the Id-gah Mosque. Yangi-Hissar New City continued to resist, “wielding only rifles and conserving their scanty ammunition and rolling back the attackers scaling the walls by means of large stones and tree trunks”. The Tungans took New City on April 12th, putting 500 of its defenders and Nur Ahmad Jan to the sword. Meanwhile the administration of TIRET received word of Khoja Niyas Hajji's deal with the Soviets and refused to dissolve. Thus Khoja Niyas Hajji went to Yarkland to try and convince Amir Muhammad Amin Bughra to dissolve the TIRET. He arrived there in Mid April, only a few days before the Tungas would. Bughra fled towards Khotan as Khoja Niyas Hajji looted Yarkland taking Sabit Damullah prisoner and advanced to Aksu. The Tungans arrived at Yarkland on the 20th and immediately pursued Khoja Niyas Hajji. Khoja Niyas Hajji managed to get to Aksu where he handed over Sabit Damullah who was promptly hung. Meanwhile Ma Chongying arrived at Kashgar with 10,000 men on April 6th where he denounced Sheng Shihtsai as a Soviet Puppet and stressed loyalty to Nanjing to its population. Other Tungan forces captured Sarikol and together marched upon Khotan. Khotan was taken on June 12th without a fight and unlike at Kashgar and Yangi-Hissar, the Tungans did not loot, but instead hunted down Muhammad Amin Bughra who had escaped with 3000 troops towards Keriya. Bughra managed to give them all the slip and fled with several ponies carrying hold to Ladakh in British India where he received permission to travel to Srinagar. Thus ended the TIRET experiment as Ma Chongying claimed he had recaptured southern Xinjiang for Nanjing. Ma Chongying then met with Thomson Glover “that he had come to Kashgar 'to try and save south Sinkiang from Russian influence', and continued to stress his loyalty to Nanjing”.  Meanwhile Ma Chongying set up a defensive line at Maral Bashi and Fayzabad with his brother in law, Ma Hushan in command. During May and June of 1934 Ma Chongying tried to gain sympathy from the British for his cause, but they refused to get involved. In a surprising turn of events, as told to us by Thomson Glover “Ma Chung-ying left Kashgar for Irkeshtam early on 7th July with three or four of his officers. . . and an escort of some 50 Tungans and one or more members of the USSR Consulate or Trade Agency. Arrived near the border to Russia the escort were met by Russian or Russian-employed troops. The Tungan escort dispersed or handed over their arms to some of Khoja Niyas' levies, and Ma Chung-ying disappeared into Russia”. Why the courageous Tungan threw in the towel is a mystery. He had not yet been deceive beaten, he could have taken his Tungan force and held out for 3 years before returning back to Gansu. Regardless the Soviets had offered him sanctuary and he just took it. His fate is a complete mystery, some say he was killed by the Soviets, some say he rotted in a dungeon, that he lived a life of luxury as a Soviet guest, and one claim is that in 1938, when Sheng Shihtsai visited Moscow, Stalin had him executed as a gift. Ma Chongyings command passed to Ma Hushan who set up a HQ at Khotan and carved out a sphere of influence extending from Karghalik to CHarkhlik. The provincial forces did nothing to stop him, and instead signed a truce, ending the wars with the Tungans. Sheng Shihtsai had won, he now held absolute power over Xinjiang, though as we will see much later on, Xinjiang was certainly not done seeing battles. I would like to take this time to remind you all that this podcast is only made possible through the efforts of Kings and Generals over at Youtube. Please go subscribe to Kings and Generals over at Youtube and to continue helping us produce this content please check out www.patreon.com/kingsandgenerals. If you are still hungry after that, give my personal channel a look over at The Pacific War Channel at Youtube, it would mean a lot to me. Thus in the end, after all of these different groups of people formed uprisings, betrayed one another and fought this large game of thrones for Xinjiang, it was Sheng Shihtsai who prevailed above all. Xinjiang was by no means stable and would continue to see chaos well into WW2 however.   

Pascal Praud revient pendant deux heures, sans concession, sur tous les sujets qui font l'actualité. Aujourd'hui 15/01/2025, il est question avec Philippe Ballard, député de l'Oise et porte-parole du RN sur la baisse de la natalité en France, la déclaration de politique générale de François Bayrou qui remet la réforme des retraites en chantier. Enfin, il est également question des propos du ministre, François Rebsamen qui "respecte LFI, toutes les forces politiques sauf le RN". Vous voulez réagir ? Appelez-le 01.80.20.39.21 (numéro non surtaxé) ou rendez-vous sur les réseaux sociaux d'Europe 1 pour livrer votre opinion et débattre sur les grandes thématiques développées dans l'émission du jour. Vous voulez réagir ? Appelez-le 01.80.20.39.21 (numéro non surtaxé) ou rendez-vous sur les réseaux sociaux d'Europe 1 pour livrer votre opinion et débattre sur grandes thématiques développées dans l'émission du jour.

Quels mots incarneront 2025 ? Pour anticiper cette nouvelle année, nous avons sélectionné 10 termes qui, selon nous, seront au cœur de l'actualité. Tendances, enjeux globaux ou concepts émergents : découvrez les mots qui façonneront nos discussions en 2025. Selon un sondage Ipsos paru en février 2023, deux Français sur cinq pensent que l'intelligence artificielle finira par dépasser l'intelligence humaine. Et pour cause : l'inconnu fascine autant qu'il effraie. Et ce phénomène ne date pas d'hier. En effet, dès qu'une avancée technique voit le jour, la peur d'être remplacé refait surface. Cela a notamment été le cas aux débuts de l'automatisation, au XVIIIe siècle. Que signifie IA anxiété ? Comment gérer cette anxiété ? Faut-il vraiment s'inquiéter ? Écoutez la suite de cet épisode de Maintenant vous savez ! Un podcast Bababam Originals, écrit et réalisé par Joanne Bourdin. À écouter ensuite : Qu'est-ce que l'éco-anxiété ? [RETOUR SUR 2024] Qu'est-ce que l'IA générative ? Pourquoi les Français sont-ils plus anxieux au travail ? Retrouvez tous les épisodes de "Maintenant vous savez". Suivez Bababam sur Instagram. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Last time we spoke about the complicated story of Xinjiang. Xinjiang, though part of China since the Han dynasty, has a distinct cultural and geographic identity aligned more with Central Asia than China's east. Its remote, mountainous landscapes divide its regions and isolate its ethnic groups, which include Uyghurs, Kazakhs, and Hui Muslims. Yang Zengxin, Xinjiang's Republican governor, ruled with shrewd, divisive tactics, maintaining peace by balancing loyalties but alienating many. His rule ended in 1928, when an ambitious subordinate, Fan Yaonan, assassinated him, marking a turning point. Yang attended a banquet hosted by Fan, where disguised soldiers fired on him, mortally wounding him. Fan seized power but was soon defeated and executed by Jin, who succeeded Yang as ruler of Xinjiang. Jin enforced strict policies, favoring Han Chinese officials and worsening the economy. He raised taxes, restricted Muslim customs, and monopolized industries. His annexation of the Kumul Khanate in 1931 incited unrest among the local Uyghurs, setting the stage for rebellion.   #132 The Beginning of the Kumul Rebellion Welcome to the Fall and Rise of China Podcast, I am your dutiful host Craig Watson. But, before we start I want to also remind you this podcast is only made possible through the efforts of Kings and Generals over at Youtube. Perhaps you want to learn more about the history of Asia? Kings and Generals have an assortment of episodes on history of asia and much more  so go give them a look over on Youtube. So please subscribe to Kings and Generals over at Youtube and to continue helping us produce this content please check out www.patreon.com/kingsandgenerals. If you are still hungry for some more history related content, over on my channel, the Pacific War Channel where I cover the history of China and Japan from the 19th century until the end of the Pacific War. So last we left off, things had reached a boiling point in Kumul. The explosion at Kumul would begin mostly as a result of a religious and cultural slight against the Muslim population both Turkic speaking and Tungan. They became offended and banded together against the Chinese officials. As a result of the new administration and annexation of the Kumul Khanate, a young Han named Chang Mu from Gansu, was appointed tax collector and chief of police over the small village of Xiaopu, lying due north of Kumul. According to the Nanjing official Wu Aichen “this Chang Mu was a 'wastrel' whose conduct soon became a public scandal”. In early 1931, Chang Mu met a pretty Turkic Muslim girl in Xiaopu and tried to force her father, a Uyghur called Salih, to give him her hand in marriage. Now for those unaware shari law specifically prohibits marriage between Muslim women and men of other religions. What followed is described in two differing accounts. The first account has it that on April 4th of 1931, Chang Mu was invited to eat at the girls house, allegedly in honor of the forthcoming wedding. During the dinner, Chang Mu was attacked by Uyghur's and slaughtered alongside 32 members of his personal bodyguard. It was further implied by our friend Wu Aichen, Chang Mu had already seduced the girl and that the ulama, those being islamic scholars who act as a sort of authority under shari law, upon discovering so, took it upon themselves to correct the situation. On the night of the proposed ceremony a mob appeared in the streets of Xiaopu. Chang Mu and his guard detail were already thoroughly drunk and easily overcome by the pissed off Uyghurs. All were killed, including the poor Uyghur girl. The Uyghurs then took 30 rifles from the dead and turned their attention towards the Gansu Chinese who were said to number in about a hundred families in the area. All of them were massacred and “had their heads buried in the soil of their farms”. Following this the Uyghurs marched upon the Chinese outposts at Tuluhu and Laimahe killing their garrisons and tax collectors while acquiring even more weapons. Better armed, the Uyghurs elected to make a move against Kumul. Kumul held an overwhelming Uyghur majority and easily fell into the hands of the rebels with little to no fighting. Most of the Han fled into the fortified Old City barring its gates. The Han caught outside the Old City were massacred brutally. Soon the rebel forces controlled Kumul's Muslim part of the city and the surrounding countryside, but the provincial forces remained secure within the Old city and its key arsenal. It is unclear whether the Xiaopu incident was carefully planned prior or simply just came into being. Regardless it was a spark that ignited a much larger rebellion. According to Mildred Cable and Francesca French, two members of the China inland Mission, who resided in Xiaopu at the time, it was indeed a systematically planned rebellion. “While officials surreptitiously transferred their wealth to a place of safety, the instigators of trouble were equally persistent in their secret preparations for war. Camels and mules were requisitioned to transport weapons, ammunition and stocks of food over little-known tracks, that they might be stored in mountain caves known only to the few. Steady streams ofsmall caravans carrying ammunition to the mountains came from the South Road, from Tunhwang and across the most lonely tracks of the desert connecting Kansu with Barku!. All these converged on the Khan's summer palace grounds in AraHim, and the stronghold of Bardash was stocked with huge supplies of food and firearms”. Yulbars Khan, the former chancellor of Maqsud Shah claimed he was in the Tien Shah escaping heat when the fighting began. Many speculate he had a hand in planning the uprising. Cable and French argued the Tungan population of Kumul also joined the rebellion early on. The insurgents of Kumul were quickly joined by neighboring Kirhiz of the Karlik Tagh who also held grievances against Jin as he had imposed Chinese officials upon them in 1929. According to Wu Aichen the Barkul and Kazakhs in the area also joined the rebellion. Thus Jin had succeeded in alienating the Turkic speaking peoples of northeastern Xinjiang now had a full scale Muslim rising on his hands.  Jin reacted with a strong show of force despite his Commissioner of Education Liu Wenlung and Commissioner for Reconstruction Yen Yushan both arguing for a policy of conciliation. Jin ordered troops to crack down on the rebels without mercy. Meanwhile back in Kumul the rebels were unable to breach the Old City so they fanned out into the countryside hunting Han settlers and soldiers down. According to the British Vice Consul General at Kashgar, R.P Watts, an initial detachment of 300 troops sent by Jin relieved Kumul Old City were ambushed and killed nearly to a man. Its also implied they had lost so easily because many of them were sleeping off the effects of opium. Despite the initial success, the rebels were unable to prevent provincial forces led by Zhu Juiqi, the Taoyin of Aksu from relieving the Old City. By late April the siege was lifted, Zhu Juiqi occupied the Old City and ordered his second in command Xiong Fayu to occupy Kumul's Muslim quarters. The rebels still controlled the countryside and were harassing Zhu's forces whenever they strayed a bit too far from their forts, but overall were not much of a match. Meanwhile Chinese troops under the leadership of Xiong Fayu began a series of reprisal massacres against Muslim civilians in Kumul and the surrounding villages. The Uyghur leaders quickly determined they needed external help in their rebellion against Jin. According to testimony from Yulbars Khan, they sent an appeal to the KMT government in Nanjing. Then in June of 1931 Yulbars was chosen, most likely because he was fluent in Mandarin, to head out secretly to Nanjing to carry the appeal. Along the way, Yulbars went to Suzhou to meet with Ma Chongying, known as the youngest and most extreme of the 5 Ma Tungan warlords. Ma Chongying was a Gansu native. Very little is known about his early years nor about his father, but he shared the same paternal grandfather of the Gansu/Qinghai warlords Ma Puqing and Ma Pufang. He was also distantly related to the Gansu/Ningxia warlords Ma Hongkuei and Ma Hungpin. Altogether the 5 were known as the 5 Ma warlord clique. Ma Congying entered military service in 1924 at the age of 14 when he joined a local Muslim militia. A year later the Guominjun forces of Feng Yuxiang invaded Gansu, but the Tungan warlords of western Gansu remained for the most part untouched. Ma Chongying became an officer for the forces of his uncle Ma Kechong and laid a siege and captured the important city of Huzhou on his own initiative. His troops easily defeated reinforcements sent to relieve the city under the command of Ma Lin. With this great victory, at the age of 16, Ma Chongying earned the reputation of a military genius and the nickname Ga Ssuling or “little commander”. His triumph would be short lived however for his superior Ma Kuchung had not ordered the seizure of Huzhou and dismissed his nephew for insubordination. Thus Ma Chongying took his men to Xining in Qinghai and there began building a private army.  The Guominjun eventually left Gansu after devastating it. In 1927 the northwestern parts of Gansu was hit by a massive earthquake and this combined with Feng Yuxiang's regional commander Liu Yufen using much of its land for opium cultivation led to a mass famine. In the spring of 1928, the northwestern Tungans began a revolt against the Guominjun led by the Muslim General Ma Tingxiang. Ma Chongying tossed his lot into the fighting leading to three successive attacks against the Guominjun at Huzhou. According to Robert Ekvall, an American traveler in the region “The revolt had by this time assumed all the aspects of a holy war. Chanting prayers, forty or fifty thousand fighters went into battle with fanatical zeal ... the young rebel leader Ma Chong-ing [sic] seemed to bear a charmed life and by his reckless courage gained the utmost in obedience and devotion from his ruffian troops. The Chinese were panic-stricken at the desperate courage of the Moslems, but eventually, by machine gun fire and light artillery, proved superior”. Alongside this American diplomats reported that the famine and war in Gansu had reduced many to cannibalism with a possible two million people dying between 1926-1929. One of the many to die was Ma Chongyings father who was executed by Liu Yufen as a reprisal against him for his actions in 1929.  That year Ma Chongying had strengthened his position by defeating several Guominjun forces. He traveled to Nanjing where he enrolled briefly at the military academy there. Rumors had it there he offered his services to the KMT on the understanding that if he could win control over Xinjiang that they recognize him. After departing Nanjing he traveled to Chongwei along the Yellow River where he joined his army before marching across the southern friends of the Ala Shan desert to head into northwestern Gansu. There he seized control over 4 districts; Kanzhou, Suzhou, Anxi and Tunhuang. Thus by the time of the Kumul uprising in April of 1931, Ma Chongying had established himself the Tungan warlord over northwestern Gansu. In June of that year, Yulbars Khan visited him at Suzhou while enroute to Nanjing. After a dinner, Ma Chongying asked Yulbars what was going on with the Kumul rebellion and the state of Kumul. Ma Congying then proceeded to criticize Jin Shujen whom he thought was unfit to govern Xinjiang. Upon hearing this Yulbars disclosed why he was going to Nanjing. Yulbars told him that many in Gansu did not support Jin and that he was appealing to Nanjing to see if Jin could be replaced with a new governor. Ma Chongying sat silently for some time before asking if Yulbar's had any personal contacts in Nanjing, to which he replied he did not. He then advised Yulbars to not go to Nanjing because of three reasons: 1) The Kuomintang had just completed its Northern Expedition and was in need of stability, so it was not in a position to replace its frontier governors, despite any shortcomings they had.2) Even if the Nanking government agreed to remove Chin Shu-jen, implementing the decision would likely take two or three years due to the vast distances involved. 3) Furthermore, Chin's greed would likely make him unwilling to step down, and he might even seek support from a foreign power to secure his position. Under these conditions, Sinkiang could potentially come under foreign control. The points were sound, however Yulbars stated the people had sent him to Nanjing, what should he do if he failed? Ma Congying replied “I have a way ... I can meet the needs of the Uighurs of Ha-mi ... In the name of Muslim brotherhood, I shall take my army into Sinkiang. First I shall alleviate the suffering of the Uighurs of Ha-mi, then I shall drive Chin Shu-jen from the stage by force of arms.” A lot of this is conjecture, as it would seem impossible Ma Chongying spontaneously decided to invade Xinjiang over dinner. Ma Chongying was interested in the Kumul uprising long before the arrival of Yulbars in Suzhou and based on other sources it seems Yulbars was well aware of this prior to his visit. Ma Chongying most likely had decent information on the political ongoings of Xinjiang as two Muslim Turks from Istanbul had traveled to northwestern Gansu from Urumqi in early 1931 and entered Ma Chongying's military HQ. One was Kamal Kaya Efendi who went on to become his chief of staff. Ma Chongying was also gun running to places like Kumul, meaning he would have a lot of intel. Ma Chongyings powerbase in Kanzhou was also temporary. As pointing out by Mildred Cable and Francesca French “based on the assumption of the paralysing effect of frightfulness in action, and as a method of temporary invasion it answered his purpose well, but it never served him as a basis of true conquest, nor did he ever establish rule over one single acre of the land which he invaded. His was the method of the locust. . . and his army was always viewed as a plague. It came, it devoured, and when it had passed over, the patient, constructively minded peasants instantly began to repair the damage done to their fields, and to begetsons to replace those who had been swept away in his train” In 1931 Ma Chongyings private army was not a large one, it was perhaps no more than 1000 men and given the account of Mildred Cable and Francesca French, his army had to roam around like locusts to survive. Ma Chongying was a very ambitious and young warlord who like many in this part of China dreamed of carving out a Muslim empire in central asia. In the spring of 1931, Ma Chongying had only two possible directions to take. One was through China proper where he would most likely face his uncle Ma Pufang, whom at the time he was in this sort of propaganda war with. The other was to go through Xinjiang, where it seemed he could receive aid from other Muslim groups seeking to be rid of Jin Shujen. Ma Chongying assembled a force of 500 Tungan cavalry and swiftly crossed the desert between Anxi and Kumul during the full heat of midsummer, arriving in the oasis on the 28th of June, at around the same time as the French Citroen expedition. The French Citroen expedition got to see an encounter between Ma Chongyings Tungan Cavalry and some Chinese machine gun detachment outside of the village of Yikoshu. The French account indicated the Chinese forces also had some Mongol soldiers with them decisively beating back the Tungan riders. After witnessing this the French headed for Kumul's Old City which they found in a state of chaos. Everyone within the city was busy organizing defenses. The French were taken immediately to the local Chinese commander, Zhu Juichih. As they made their way they could see anxious Muslims peering out of their windows and on telegraph poles were heads, hearts and livers, most likely from captured insurgents. Commander Zhu gave the French permission to continue to Urumqi, stating they could do so at their own risk. Most of the French departed on July 1st, leaving behind 3 members at the Old City who would become eyewitnesses to Ma Chongyings attack.  On July 3rd, Ma Chongying dispatched two messangers to Zhu Juichich baring the following message. “By order of the National Government of China I have been appointed commander-in-chief of all military forces of Kansu and Sinkiang. Having assumed my new occasional pistol shot could be heard as hand-to-hand fighting began on the wall Its self ... Just when the place seemed to be doomed a machine gun, which up to this had been silent ... suddenly came to life. Emplaced in a blockhouse flanking the wall, It opened fire, mowing down the assault, and the glacis was soon cleared except for heaps of corpses”.  Ma Chongyings Tungan cavalry force lacked heavy artillery necessary to breach the Old city walls. Three separate attacks were made on the night of the 3rd, all beaten back. Zhu Juichih, a military veteran had zero intention of surrendering to the so called “little commander” whom he dismissed as a “thieving cub”. Ma Chongying seemed to have little stomach for siege warfare so on the 5th he led a large portion of his Tungan cavalry away from Kumul Old City. By doing so he had left roughly 1000 Uyghur insurgents with a handful of Tungans to continue a siege against the Kumul Old City who had 2000 provincial troops. Zhu Juichih was unaware of Ma Chongyings true purpose so he elected not to sortie fearing a trap. Meanwhile Ma Congying led his riders over the Karlik Tagh to Barkul surprising its defenders. Barkul would end up surrendering without much of a struggle. The commander at Barkul named Hedin handed over 2000 rifles and opened the Barkul arsenal to Ma Chongying. Ma Chongying left a hundred man garrison to capture the town as he turned south. According to Wu Aichen, the sudden small victories of the young commander emboldened other groups to join his cause such as the Kazakhs and Tungans north of Karlik Tagh. By mid-July Muslim insurgents were effectively controlling the entire territory of the Old Kumul Khanate, from Xingxingxia to Iwanquan. Groups of invading Tungans from Gansu formed an alliance with the Muslims of Xinjiang, notably from Xingxingxia and Barkul to hold the siege of Kumul Old City. Ma Chongying seemed to also hold the full support of indigenous Muslims of the area whether it be Hazakh, Kirghiz, Uyghur or Xinjiang Tungans.  Jin Shujen's received word of the young commander leading a force of Tungan cavalry attacking various places. It seemed his next target was to be Qiqiaoqing. Jin appointed his chief secretary, Lu Xiaozu to be his commander in chief of the provincial forces; Tu Qikuo and Sheng Shihtsai were to be his joint chiefs of staff. Lu Xiaozu was a younger brother to Jin Shujen, a civilian with little to no military experience and was the bitter rival of the current commissioner for military affairs at Urumqi, Jin Shuxin. Lu Xiaozu mustered a force roughly 1000 strong of men almost all lacking any military training or experience. They were immediately tossed over to Qiqiaoqing with orders to halt the Tungan advance pending further reinforcements. Shortly after their arrival, the troops were met by a surprise night attack and killed nearly to a man. Their commander Tu Qikuo committed suicide in disgrace. According to Kamal Kaya Efendi, the Tungans were led personally by Ma CHongying during the daring attack. He had taken his forces into the oasis through little known trails in Karlik Tagh and Bogdo Ula after his capture of Barkul.  Following this victory, Ma Chongying returned to Kumul Old City to see if the siege was providing any results. This was a rather bizarre decision as Jin Shujens capital of Urumqi was basically open for the taking, but perhaps the young commander had overestimated his enemy. When Ma Congying arrived at Kumul Old City, the besiegers' morale improved greatly. Between July 3rd to October 16th over 43 attacks had been levied against the Chinese garrison. The Tungans dug trenches and built barricades trying to storm the walls. Meanwhile within the old city walls the besieged people were forced to eat their camels, horses and mules to survive. By October 1st the defenders were reduced to a ration of 750 grammes of kaoliang floor per day and were expected to run out by the end of the month. Likewise ammunition was running low, prompting Zhu Juichih to resort to more archaic weapons such as fire arrows and Dao swords that the men had found preserved in the arsenal going back to the time of Zuo Zungtang's campaign in the 19th century. One of the French expeditionaries reported the only thing being sold in the bazaars was opium. One could not even obtain oil as it was boiled and hurled over the walls at the attackers. The Tungans attempted numerous times to breach the walls using mines, but they lacked sufficient powder to create large enough explosions. On one occasion a breach was made in the walls, but the defenders were quickly able to block the hole with wool before the attackers could get through. Afterwards a ditch was dug around the walls and flooded so the Tungan trenches would be unable to continue mining. Siege warfare is neat isn't it? Horrible to be sure, but so much ingenuity. By Mid-October the defenders were very desperate. According to the French expeditionaries inside after 108 days of siege, the defenders sortied out of the town on October 16th and tried to reach Urumqi. “What sustained the men was opium. They could not have held out without it, and so long as it lasted and no strenuous effort was demanded of them, they could get along on practically no food. At night the opium lamps of the sentries could be seen sparkling like little stars the length of the ramparts. The whole garrison was in fact intoxicated. It was fantastic!” It is quite probable the defenders chose to make a break for it because they were a majority Han Chinese and greatly feared their fate if the Tungans got in. If you know Islamic history, well you know. Ma Chongying had refused any terms other than unconditional surrender and given the feelings of Kumuls Muslim insurgents, it seemed highly unlikely any prisoners would be taken. Regardless, the siege had delayed the Tungans for a long time, allowing Jin Shujen to hastily organize provincial forces at Urumqi. After his first military campaign had failed horrendously, Jin now orderedTsetsen Puntsag Gegeen, the “living Buddha” of Xinjiang of the Torgut Mongols to lead his famous Torgut Cavalry regiment against the Tungans at Kumul. The Turgot troops were by far the best available at the time to Jin, and the most capable to go one on one with Tungan cavalry. However Tsetsen Puntsag Gegeen was one of the many Torguts who had grievances with Jin over his policy of enforcing Han Chinese officials upon his people to take positions of leadership. Moreover a plot had recently been discovered that one of his subordinates had been paid off to assassinate him. Tsetsen Puntsag Gegeen suspected Jin Shujen to be the culprit to the plot and when the said assassins fled to Urumqi, Jin refused to hand them over for justice, all but confirmed his suspicions.  Thus Tsetsen Puntsag Gegeen refused to become involved in the war over Kumul and instead took his forces to Kara Shahr as a demonstration of power. Lacking sufficient numbers or reliable Han Chinese troops, Jin turned next to the White Russian community. Lu Xiaozu who proved himself an imbecile at military matters was replaced with Chang Peiyuan, the Military commander of the Ili Region which also happened to be the region where most White Russians resided. Chang Peiyuan went to work rallying White Russian volunteers who more or less refused to fight for the Chinese, until Jin threatened to repatriate them to Stalin's USSR. In late September Chang Peiyuan had a force headed by 250 White Russians under the leadership of Colonel Pappengut with the mission of relieving Kumul Old City. During this time Ma Chongying decided to march upon the capital, drawing most of his Tungan cavalry away from Kumul heading westwards along the Qiqiaoqing road. This took him directly into the path of the advancing White Russians who began skirmishing around the village of Liaotun. At some point Ma Chongying was seriously wounded, shot through both of his legs. Despite this both sides had negligible casualties. Yet as a result of his grievous injury a large portion of Ma Congying's Tungan riders retreated back into northwestern Gansu. Rumor has it, at this time Ma Congying was bought off by Jin Shujen, regardless he had to take a prolonged time to recuperate and was away from the front lines. Once safely across the Gansu-Xinjiang frontier, Ma Chongying handed control of his four districts of Tunhuang, Anxi, Yumen and Suzhou to his uncle Ma Pufang. Meanwhile Chang Peiyuans forces with Pappenguts White Russians in the spearhead were still advancing towards Kumul Old City. They managed to relieve it on November 1st. The victorious Chinese troops sacked Kumul as a reward, that was denied to the White Russian forces. The provincial troops then performed a systematic destruction of large parts of Kumul, levelling entire villages and terrorizing the population. Zhu Juichih had returned to Urumqi, but his Lt Xing Fayu had remained at Kumul and began a series of mass executions. The reprisals were so heinous, all of the Uyghurs who had remained neutral during the ordeal threw their lot in with the rebellion. Refugees began to pour westwards towards Turfan while Uyghur insurgents withdrew to Karlik Tagh, notably to their well stocked mountain fort at Bardash. Those who went to Bardash unleashed a guerilla war against Jin troops in collaboration with Ma Chongyings Tungans who awaited their leader in Xinjiang. A communication network led from Bardash and Anxi for this purpose. While Ma Chongying was licking his wounds he reorganized his forces. I would like to take this time to remind you all that this podcast is only made possible through the efforts of Kings and Generals over at Youtube. Please go subscribe to Kings and Generals over at Youtube and to continue helping us produce this content please check out www.patreon.com/kingsandgenerals. If you are still hungry after that, give my personal channel a look over at The Pacific War Channel at Youtube, it would mean a lot to me. Thus the Kumul Rebellion had just been unleashed. Those who were oppressed were gradually forming a rebellious coalition against Jin Shujen. Although Ma Chongying had literally been cut down at the legs so to say, he was not down for the count. The Rebellion had only just begun.

Catastrophes naturelles et réchauffement climatique, montée des extrêmes au pouvoir, crises économiques et conflits inextricables… Les nouvelles anxiogènes que nous recevons en continu peuvent être source de déprime. On parle même aujourd'hui de fatigue informationnelle, qui peut conduire à une diète partielle ou totale : couper ses notifications, limiter la consultation de sites dédiés à l'actualité. Comment se préserver de l'anxiété face à l'actualité ou aux menaces sur l'environnement sans tomber dans l'indifférence ? Quels signes doivent inciter à une certaine déconnection ?  Pr Antoine Pelissolo, psychiatre, chef de service à l'hôpital Henri-Mondor et professeur de médecine à l'Université Paris-Est Créteil Retrouvez l'émission dans son intégralité iciAnxiété: quand le climat mondial inquiète

Catastrophes naturelles et réchauffement climatique, montée des extrêmes au pouvoir, crises économiques et conflits inextricables… Les nouvelles anxiogènes que nous recevons en continu peuvent être source de déprime. On parle même aujourd'hui de fatigue informationnelle, qui peut conduire à une diète partielle ou totale : couper ses notifications, limiter la consultation de sites dédiés à l'actualité. Comment expliquer que certaines personnes soient plus sensibles que d'autres à l'anxiété ? Comment la surmonter ? Qu'est-ce que l'éco-anxiété plus spécifiquement ? Pr Antoine Pelissolo, psychiatre, chef de service à l'hôpital Henri-Mondor et professeur de médecine à l'Université Paris-Est Créteil Alhassane Cherif,psychologue clinicien et ethno-psychanalyste en Guinée. Président de l'Association guinéenne des psychologues cliniciens et Président fondateur de l'Association maison Sunjata Keita de Paris (Centre de médiations culturelles et d'aide psychologique aux familles migrantes)► En début d'émission, nous faisons un point sur la situation à Mayotte après le passage dévastateur du cyclone Chido, samedi dernier. Interview du Dr Jean-François Corty, président de Médecins du monde.Programmation musicale :► Daniel Balavoine, France Gall – Quand on n'a plus rien à perdre► Mariaa Siga,Oddy – Boukanack

ASMR The Long Sleepy Session 1 Hour Ear-to-Ear Personal Attention for AnxiAdvertising Inquiries: https://redcircle.com/brandsPrivacy & Opt-Out: https://redcircle.com/privacy

Catastrophes naturelles et réchauffement climatique, montée des extrêmes au pouvoir, crises économiques et conflits inextricables… Les nouvelles anxiogènes que nous recevons en continu peuvent être source de déprime. On parle même aujourd'hui de fatigue informationnelle, qui peut conduire à une diète partielle ou totale : couper ses notifications, limiter la consultation de sites dédiés à l'actualité. Comment expliquer que certaines personnes soient plus sensibles que d'autres à l'anxiété ? Comment la surmonter ? Qu'est-ce que l'éco-anxiété plus spécifiquement ? Pr Antoine Pelissolo, psychiatre, chef de service à l'hôpital Henri-Mondor et professeur de médecine à l'Université Paris-Est Créteil Alhassane Cherif,psychologue clinicien et ethno-psychanalyste en Guinée. Président de l'Association guinéenne des psychologues cliniciens et Président fondateur de l'Association maison Sunjata Keita de Paris (Centre de médiations culturelles et d'aide psychologique aux familles migrantes)► En début d'émission, nous faisons un point sur la situation à Mayotte après le passage dévastateur du cyclone Chido, samedi dernier. Interview du Dr Jean-François Corty, président de Médecins du monde.Programmation musicale :► Daniel Balavoine, France Gall – Quand on n'a plus rien à perdre► Mariaa Siga,Oddy – Boukanack

Merci à notre commanditaire ProCafetière : https://tinyurl.com/procafetiere-jerrPour obtenir le Café Whats Up :https://procafetiere.ca/collections/cafe-vrac/products/espresso-whats-up-cafe-vracUtilise le code JERR20 pour 20% de rabais sur le sac Whats Up ;)Anxiété, décès de son père, mise en demeure pour un rince-crème, et bien d'autres sujets captivants, émouvants et hilarants ! Un grand merci à Sebas ''Barbu'' Dubé pour son retour au le Whats Up Podcast ! Enregistré le 27 novembre 2024 .Pour suivre les Denis sur Facebook :https://www.facebook.com/LesDenisDrolet Pour devenir membre et supporter le Whats Up Podcast : https://www.patreon.com/whatsuppodcast Merci les patreon !!Pour suivre Jerr sur Instagram : https://www.instagram.com/jerr_allain/Pour suivre Jerr sur facebook : https://www.facebook.com/JerrAllainofficielContact : jerr.production@gmail.comPour vous abonner à mon Infolettre : http://eepurl.com/hvpnhj

durée : 00:02:12 - Le grand format - Dépression, anxiété, hyper stress : ces troubles sont la deuxième cause d'arrêts maladies de longue durée dans le monde du travail, et ils ne cessent de progresser. Ils représentent désormais près d'un tiers des arrêts de plus de 30 jours chez les femmes. Des salariés sont sensibilisés.

Méditation Pour Réduire l'Anxiété  | Séance de 16 minutes Faire une Séance Découverte : http://tameditation.com Certains des principaux symptômes de l'anxiété incluent des muscles tendus et contractés, une respiration rapide et superficielle, des pensées inquiètes et des tremblements. Durant cette méditation pour l'anxiété, on va cibler chacun de ces aspects pour réduire l'anxiété et induire […]

D'OÙ VIENT TON ANXIÉTÉ ? Fais le test gratuit: https://bit.ly/test-anxiete Dans ce premier épisode d'une nouvelle série sur les conséquences du trauma, Camille explore comment l'anxiété, souvent perçue comme le problème principal, n'est en réalité qu'un symptôme d'un système nerveux dérégulé. Elle explique comment le trauma impacte notre connexion corps-esprit et propose des pistes concrètes pour retrouver une relation saine avec nos sensations corporelles. Cette série de cinq épisodes explorera les conséquences majeures du trauma dans notre vie quotidienne: - Comment le trauma déconnecte les personnes de leurs sensations corporelles et pourquoi c'est problématique - La différence cruciale entre les pensées intuitives et les pensées anxieuses - Le concept de la "brèche" dans notre système nerveux et comment notre énergie vitale est affectée - L'importance de la reconnexion au corps dans le processus de guérison - Des pratiques concrètes pour développer la conscience corporelle et réguler le système nerveux Camille partage également sa perspective sur la conscience corporelle, s'appuyant sur les travaux de Peter Levine, Antonio Damasio et d'autres experts du trauma. Elle explique comment notre corps, loin d'être simplement un véhicule pour notre tête, est le fondement même de notre conscience et de notre capacité à interagir sainement avec le monde. CHAPITRES DE L'ÉPISODE :  0:00 - Introduction et présentation de la série 4:38 - La conscience corporelle et le trauma  15:37 - Comment le trauma impacte notre système nerveux 21:15 - L'anxiété: un symptôme d'un système dérégulé 26:08 - Pratiques de reconnexion sensorielle 29:13 - Exercices pratiques pour la stimulation sensorielle 32:00 - Comment distinguer intuition et anxiété 34:16 - Liste comparative: pensées intuitives vs. anxieuses 37:01 - Conclusion et prochaines étapes RESSOURCES MENTIONNÉES : - "In an Unspoken Voice" - Peter Levine - "Trauma & Recovery" - Judith Herman - "The Mountain is You" ("La Montagne C'est Toi") - Brianna Wiest - "Healing Your Nervous System" - Dr. Linnea Passalacqua PROCHAINS ÉPISODES DE LA SÉRIE : 1. L'anxiété (Épisode actuel) 2. La honte toxique 3. L'estime de soi et la confiance en soi 4. L'auto-sabotage 5. L'anxiété ambitieuse ***** PRÊT/E À COMMENCER ? Toutes les informations sur mon programme ARISE: https://arise.camilletomat.com Prochaine session en mars 2025 ! ***** Avertissement: le contenu de ce podcast ne remplace en aucun cas l'avis d'un professionnel de santé. En écoutant ce podcast, vous acceptez de ne pas utiliser ce podcast comme conseil médical. Son contenu est uniquement à visée éducative.

"... Ce n'est que quand j'ai commencé à vivre toute seule et me reposer sur moi-même que j'ai compris que j'avais de anxiété, et même là je pensais toujours que ce n'était que du stress, le fait d'avoir du mal à respirer, d'avoir des palpitations, me réveiller avec des nausées, avoir constamment besoin d'être rassurée, mes migraines et ma mâchoire serrée tout le temps, je pensais vraiment que c'était just une petite période de stress, mais ça s'étendait sur des jours, des semaines et puis des mois, jusqu'à ce que limite j'apprenne à vivre avec et que ça devienne ma nouvelle norme, et je réalise qu'en acceptant ça, j'acceptais de me faire du mal, donc j'ai décidé d'apprendre à gérer cette anxiété du mieux que je pouvais, et oui ça veut dire que je vais devoir changer, que je vais devoir m'imposer des pauses que je délaisser pour gagner du temps et faire plus, ça veut aussi dire que je devais prêter plus attention à mon corps et aux signaux de détresse qu'il m'envoyait et juste être plus douce avec lui et avec moi-même, et jamais je n'aurais cru que ça serait aussi difficile ... "enjoooy cet épisode bb

PROCURE-TOI MON LIVRE "Passez au mode de vie anti-inflammatoire": AMAZON: https://amzn.to/4gZnu43 FNAC: https://bit.ly/mdvai-Fnac Dans ce nouvel épisode Camille explore le lien entre l'inflammation chronique et la santé mentale. Elle te donne aussi des étapes concrètes pour commencer à guérir ton anxiété en se concentrant sur le volet biologique, plus particulièrement en adressant l'inflammation chronique. Dans cet épisode, elle plonge dans la connexion intestin-cerveau, l'impact des carences en nutriments et l'importance de prendre en compte les facteurs physiologiques ET les expériences somatiques pour une guérison profonde et durable. Cet épisode fait partie de notre série Santé (Mentale) Optimale, où nous plongeons dans les connexions fascinantes entre la santé physique et le bien-être mental : - La différence cruciale entre l'inflammation aiguë (une réponse naturelle de guérison) et l'inflammation chronique (un état inflammatoire prolongé qui peut nuire à la santé) - Comment l'inflammation chronique dans le système digestif peut entraîner une augmentation de la perméabilité intestinale, permettant aux toxines et aux particules alimentaires non digérées d'entrer dans la circulation sanguine et de contribuer à l'inflammation systémique, y compris l'inflammation du cerveau, dont l'anxiété peut être une des manifestations - L'axe intestin-cerveau: la voie de communication bidirectionnelle entre l'intestin et le cerveau, largement médiée par le nerf vague. Camille explique comment les bactéries présentes dans notre microbiote produisent des neurotransmetteurs comme la sérotonine et le GABA qui ont un impact direct sur notre humeur et nos états au cours d'une journée - Les effets de l'inflammation chronique sur l'absorption des nutriments et comment les carences en nutriments clés comme le magnésium, les vitamines B, le zinc et la vitamine D peuvent exacerber les symptômes d'anxiété - Le lien intrigant entre la colère réprimée, l'immunité supprimée et le risque accru de diverses maladies, comme l'explique le Dr Gabor Maté - Pourquoi il est crucial de prendre en compte à la fois les facteurs physiologiques (alimentation, nutriments, inflammation, respiration, posture…) ainsi que les expériences somatiques et la régulation du système nerveux pour vraiment guérir l'anxiété à la racine. Camille partage également une histoire personnelle sur la guérison de son mari d'une anxiété invalidante qu'ils ont, plus tard, attribuée à une toxicité au mercure due à des plombages dentaires. Enfin, Camille a une nouvelle excitante à partager ! Son livre "Passez au mode de vie anti-inflammatoire" est enfin de nouveau disponible après avoir été en rupture de stock pendant plus d'un an. Il regorge des dernières recherches, de conseils pratiques et de recettes pour t'aider à comprendre et à mettre en place un régime alimentaire et un mode de vie anti-inflammatoires pour soutenir une santé mentale optimale. Cette nouvelle édition revue et corrigée comprend également une préface écrite par le Dr Camille Hoffman, médecin généraliste spécialisée en nutrition fonctionnelle. Retrouver le Dr Camille Hoffman ici: https://www.instagram.com/docdarkphoenix/  Que tu sois toi-même en proie à l'anxiété ou à d'autres symptômes de dérégulation du système nerveux ou que tu veuilles aider une personne que tu aimes, cet épisode te fournira de nouvelles perspectives stimulantes et des stratégies concrètes. N'oublie pas de t'abonner et de partager à toutes les personnes qui pourraient bénéficier de ces connaissances fondamentales ! ***** D'OÙ VIENT TON ANXIÉTÉ ? Fais le test gratuit: https://bit.ly/test-anxiete PRÊT/E À COMMENCER ? Toutes les informations sur mon programme ARISE: https://arise.camilletomat.com Avertissement: le contenu de ce podcast ne remplace en aucun cas l'avis d'un professionnel de santé. En écoutant ce podcast, vous acceptez de ne pas utiliser ce podcast comme conseil médical. Son contenu est uniquement à visée éducative.

durée : 00:33:16 - La Terre au carré - par : Mathieu Vidard - Quelles sont les racines de l'éco-anxiété ? Comment a évolué ce concept et à quelle réalité correspond-il sur le terrain? Est-elle un frein ou un moteur ? Comment y répondre ? - réalisé par : Jérôme BOULET