Podcasts about neoplasia

Neste episódio, Igor Pietrobom, Raquel Sogaiar e Sarah Ingrid falam sobre um caso clínico de Hiponatremia em paciente oncológico - situação muito comum na prática clínica. Bora aprender? 00:00 - Introdução e Caso clínico de Mieloma e CAR-T Cell 07:11- Abordagem da Hiponatremia 11:48 - Um distúrbio da água? Pense na Osmolaridade , no Sódio Urinário e no SIAD 17:21 - Hiponatremia em Oncológicos - Contexto Clínico 24:55 - Entendendo ADH, colpeptina, Classificação da SIAD 31:19 - Causas de SIAD 33:40 - Evolução Clínico, Arsenal Terapêutico e Considerações Finais

Multiple endocrine neoplasias are familial syndromes of endocrine tumors occurring in endocrine organs throughout the body. Despite its acronym, the risk for acquiring MEN is about the same in men and women and also across geographic and racial and ethnic groups. These are rare syndromes, affecting about 1 in 30,000 people. Genetic mutations cause the MEN syndromes, which are then inherited in an autosomal dominant pattern. This means several members of the same family are often affected; an affected parent has a 50% chance of passing down the disease to his or her children. Unlike cancers without a hereditary basis, tumors associated with MEN often occur in younger patients (under age 40 years) and affect multiple organ systems all at once, making them particularly troublesome. Generally, tumors may arise in the pituitary gland, parathyroid glands, thymus, pancreas, thyroid, or adrenal glands (Figure 1). The three major types of multiple endocrine neoplasia are MEN1, MEN2A, and MEN2B, and each has a characteristic picture of endocrine or neurologic disorders and tumors. After listening to this AudioBrick, you should be able to: Define multiple endocrine neoplasia (MEN), and list the three MEN syndromes. Compare and contrast the main clinical features of MEN1, MEN2A, and MEN2B. Describe the genetic defects that cause MEN1, MEN2A, and MEN2B. Briefly describe the management of the MEN syndromes. You can also check out the original brick on Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia from our Endocrine collection, which is available for free. Learn more about Rx Bricks by signing up for a free USMLE-Rx account: www.usmle-rx.com You will get 5 days of full access to our Rx360+ program, including nearly 800 Rx Bricks.  After the 5-day period, you will still be able to access over 150 free bricks, including the entire collections for General Microbiology and Cellular and Molecular Biology. *** If you enjoyed this episode, we'd love for you to leave a review on Apple Podcasts.  It helps with our visibility, and the more med students (or future med students) listen to the podcast, the more we can provide to the future physicians of the world. Follow USMLE-Rx at: Facebook: www.facebook.com/usmlerx Blog: www.firstaidteam.com Twitter: https://twitter.com/firstaidteam Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/firstaidteam/ YouTube: www.youtube.com/USMLERX Learn how you can access over 150 of our bricks for FREE: https://usmlerx.wpengine.com/free-bricks/

| 3ª Temporada do Medaholic by Medicamente Academy - Trato Gastrointestinal | Novo Ano, episódio novo! Desejamo-vos um Feliz Ano de 2024 e trazemos, desta feita, um novo tema relacionado com a patologia gastrointestinal - Investigação de Neoplasia Colorretal. Convidámos o Dr. André Valente, Interno de Cirurgia Geral no Centro Hospitalar de Setúbal, para falar com o Gustavo sobre este tema. Esperamos que gostem. Dêem-nos o vosso feedback e enviem-nos dúvidas e/ou sugestões que tenham. Se ainda não tiveste oportunidade, ouve os episódios anteriores, já disponíveis no Spotify, Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts e CastBox! Podes acompanhar o projeto na nossa página de Instagram - ⁠⁠⁠⁠@medaholic.podcast⁠⁠⁠⁠ - e entrar em contacto connosco pelo nosso email - ⁠⁠medicamente.academy@gmail.com⁠

Oggi grazie al contributo della dott.ssa Trestini Ilaria parleremo della gestione nutrizionale nel paziente con diagnosi di neoplasia pancreatica.

1)    Report of the commission on human medicines isotretinoin implementation advisory expert working group2)    2023 ACR/ EULAR antiphospholipid syndrome classification criteria3)    Adalimumab in conjunction with surgery compared with adalimumab monotherapy: a randomised control trial in a real world setting4)    Elevated risk of visceral malignant neoplasms in extramammary Paget Disease. 5)    Clinical characteristics associated with musculoskeletal extracutaneous manifestations in pediatric and adult morphea: a prospective cohort study.6)    Exposure to biologic therapy before and during pregnancy in patients with psoriasis: systematic review and meta-analysis7)    Prognostic significance of incipient ulceration in primary cutaneous melanoma8)    Sclerema neonatorum9)    Intravascular large B cell lymphoma10) Neoplasia risk in patients with Lynch syndrome treated with immune checkpoint blockade. Microwave energy devices for hyperhidrosis are associated with infections, neurologic symptoms and burns in a retrospective analysis of the Manufacturer and User Facility Device Experience Database 2013- 2022.11) Isla Galpin. Violin Sonata in G minor, 1st and 2nd movement by Eccles

Dr. H. Tarik Kani talks to Dr. Anouk Wijnands (Netherlands) about her multicenter cohort study that investigated the relationship between smoking and colorectal neoplasia in patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease with a 10-year follow-up.

Nasal planum diseases. There are so many different types and biopsy is going to be the most direct way to sort through your differentials. Check out this week's episode of The Derm Vet podcast for tips and tricks!

Neoplasia, donde se forma, y que señales de alerta necesito saber. si tienes dudas envíalas a @arandaonco @drjuliocesargaribay

No Click Valvar de hoje temos grandes insights sobre a neoplasia nos exames de triagem do TAVI.

In questo episodio parleremo di medulloblastoma. Con l'aiuto degli specialisti dell'Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, scopriremo come si manifesta, come si fa la diagnosi e come si cura. Episodio registrato martedì 6 giugno 2023.

  Neoplasia is a rare finding in ORS/Ovarian Remnant Syndrome   In the literature as of 2023, 13 cases of adenocarcinoma and malignancy developing in an ovarian remnant have been described to date.   2 cases of clear cell adenocarcinoma, 2 of mucinous tumor types, 5 of endometrioid types, 3 of adenocarcinomas and 1 of border serous neoplasia.   Lower back pain, dyspareunia, variable bowel symptoms, pelvic masses or ureteral compression have also been encountered.   In patients with ovarian cancer developing in ovarian remnants, the most common presenting symptom is severe, persistent pain.   In 3 patients, the presenting sign is a pelvic mass found incidentally during routine check-up. ** I am case #13   NIH/Rare Cancer Research/Institutes ORS/Ovarian Remnant Syndrome ❤️‍

O câncer de pele é um dos tipos de neoplasia mais comum no Brasil e no mundo. Quando falamos de pacientes onco-hematológicos, existe uma maior predisposição para desenvolver a doença? Para responder essa e outras dúvidas, entrevistamos o Dr. Aumilto Júnior, oncologista do Hospital Santa Catarina - Paulista. Confira esse bate-papo!  Hosts: Bárbara Fernandes e Amanda Oliveira                                                             Site: https://www.abrale.org.br/                                         Instagram: www.instagram.com/abraleoficial/                                         Youtube: www.youtube.com/AbraleSP                                         Facebook: www.facebook.com/abrale                                         Twitter: https://twitter.com/abraleoficial                                       Tiktok: https://www.tiktok.com/@abraleoficial

Link to bioRxiv paper: http://biorxiv.org/cgi/content/short/2023.06.28.544680v1?rss=1 Authors: Vandepas, L. E., Crim, R. N., Gilbertson, E., Yonemitsu, M. A., Unsell, E., Metzger, M. J., Lacy-Hulbert, A., Goetz, F. W. Abstract: Disseminated neoplasia (DN) is a form of cancer in bivalve molluscs that has been reported in some cases to be a transmissible cancer. Neoplastic cells are highly proliferative, and infection is often lethal. Some commercially valuable bivalve species (mussels, cockles, soft-shell clams, oysters) are affected by outbreaks of disseminated neoplasia, making disease diagnosis and mitigation an important issue in aquaculture and ecological restoration efforts. Here we describe a minimally invasive, non-lethal method for high-throughput screening for disseminated neoplasia in basket cockles (Clinocardium nuttallii). Basket cockles are native to the North American Pacific coast from California to Alaska. There is recent concern from some Coast Salish Tribes regarding an observed long-term decline in cockle populations in Puget Sound, WA. This has led to increased interest in monitoring efforts and research to improve our understanding of the mechanisms of observed basket cockle population dynamics, including assessing prevalence of disease, such as disseminated neoplasia. The rapid, non-lethal hemolymph smear screening method presented here to diagnose DN in adult C. nuttallii can be applied at field sites at low financial cost, and in a validation study of 29 animals the results were identical to that of the gold standard method, tissue histology. Due to the similar morphology of DN in different bivalves, this method can likely be generally applied for use in any bivalve species. Copy rights belong to original authors. Visit the link for more info Podcast created by Paper Player, LLC

Ahsen Ustaoglu talks to Dr Martjin Jong (the Netherlands) on their recent paper developing an image-based deep learning system for primary detection of early Barrett's neoplasia

In alignment with the American Society of Breast Surgeons (ASBS) and National Comprehensive Cancer Network, the CommonSpirit Health Physician Enterprise will adopt an evidence-based approach to the diagnosis and management of Atypical Lobular Hyperplasia (ALH) and classical-type LCIS (cLCIS).Guest speakers:Peter Eby, MD, Chief of Breast Imaging Virginia Mason Medical CenterColleen O'Kelly Priddy, MD, FACS, Breast Surgical Oncologist and Medical Director, Mission Hope Breast CenterQuynh Le, DO, Breast Surgical Oncologist, Virginia Mason Medical Center

Listen as Dr. London Smith (.com) and his producer Cameron discuss Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 2B with Thanksgiving guests Lisa (Chase O'Donnell) and Ravella Garibaldi (Frankie G). Not so boring! https://www.patreon.com/join/jockdocpodcast Hosts: London Smith, Cameron Clark. Guests: Chase O'Donnell, Frankie G. Produced by: Dylan Walker Created by: London Smith

In this podcast, Fernando Malalana discusses corneal neoplasia in horses.

Listen as Dr. London Smith (.com) and his producer Cameron discuss Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 2A with special guest Oswald Gatsby (Jessie Keeton). Not so boring! https://www.patreon.com/join/jockdocpodcast Hosts: London Smith, Cameron Clark. Guest: Jessie Keeton. Produced by: Dylan Walker Created by: London Smith

Listen as Dr. London Smith (.com) and his producer Cameron discuss Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 1 as they listen to the earliest podcast in history. Not so boring! https://www.patreon.com/join/jockdocpodcast Hosts: London Smith, Cameron Clark. Produced by: Dylan Walker Created by: London Smith

This is a re-posting of Episode 58 due to audio problems with the original posting. Today we shine a spotlight on a fascinating area of focus within endocrinology that maybe you haven't heard much about: oncoendocrinology. What is it, and how are health providers working together to care for patients who have endocrine conditions and cancer? Host Aaron Lohr talks with Afreen I. Shariff, MD, an endocrinologist at Duke University School of Medicine with expertise in endocrine disease in cancer patients. Dr. Shariff is the founding director of the Duke Endocrine-Oncology Program and an associate director for the Cancer Treatment Toxicity Program at the Duke Center for Cancer Immunotherapy. She also chairs the oncoendocrinology special interest group with the Endocrine Society, and she is a host of the podcast "Checkpoint NOW." For more information, including helpful links and other episodes, visit our website at https://www.endocrine.org/podcast.

Dr RR Baliga's Internal Medicine Podcasts for Physicians: MUST KNOW FACTs about Neoplasia and The Heart   Neoplasia and the HeartPathological Review of Effects With Clinical and Radiological Correlation Joseph J. Maleszewski, Melanie C. Bois, John P. Bois, Philip M. Young, John M. Stulak, Kyle W. Klarich Journal of the American College of Cardiology July 10, 2018, 72 (2) 202-227   Not Medical Advice or Opinion

Today we shine a spotlight on a fascinating area of focus within endocrinology that maybe you haven't heard much about: oncoendocrinology. What is it, and how are health providers working together to care for patients who have endocrine conditions and cancer? Host Aaron Lohr talks with Afreen I. Shariff, MD, an endocrinologist at Duke University School of Medicine with expertise in endocrine disease in cancer patients. Dr. Shariff is the founding director of the Duke Endocrine-Oncology Program and an associate director for the Cancer Treatment Toxicity Program at the Duke Center for Cancer Immunotherapy. She also chairs the oncoendocrinology special interest group with the Endocrine Society, and she is a host of the podcast “Checkpoint NOW.” For more information, including helpful links and other episodes, visit our website at https://www.endocrine.org/podcast

Today we shine a spotlight on a fascinating area of focus within endocrinology that maybe you haven't heard much about: oncoendocrinology. What is it, and how are health providers working together to care for patients who have endocrine conditions and cancer? Host Aaron Lohr talks with Afreen I. Shariff, MD, an endocrinologist at Duke University School of Medicine with expertise in endocrine disease in cancer patients. Dr. Shariff is the founding director of the Duke Endocrine-Oncology Program and an associate director for the Cancer Treatment Toxicity Program at the Duke Center for Cancer Immunotherapy. She also chairs the oncoendocrinology special interest group with the Endocrine Society, and she is a host of the podcast “Checkpoint NOW.” For more information, including helpful links and other episodes, visit our website at https://www.endocrine.org/podcast

Today we shine a spotlight on a fascinating area of focus within endocrinology that maybe you haven't heard much about: oncoendocrinology. What is it, and how are health providers working together to care for patients who have endocrine conditions and cancer? Host Aaron Lohr talks with Afreen I. Shariff, MD, an endocrinologist at Duke University School of Medicine with expertise in endocrine disease in cancer patients. Dr. Shariff is the founding director of the Duke Endocrine-Oncology Program and an associate director for the Cancer Treatment Toxicity Program at the Duke Center for Cancer Immunotherapy. She also chairs the oncoendocrinology special interest group with the Endocrine Society, and she is a host of the podcast "Checkpoint NOW." For more information, including helpful links and other episodes, visit our website at https://www.endocrine.org/podcast

This week's episode goes over differentials, diagnosis and treatment options for histiocytoma. Do you "wait and see" or go for the removal? Check out your options here!

That's right folks, we do anal gland removals! An entire episode dedicated to butt stuff. Did we mention we talk about butts? If buttock-related surgeries give you the heebie-jeebies, seek cover no longer!   Twitter: @AllVetsAreOff Merch: https://allvetsareoff.threadless.com/ Email: Allvetsareoff@gmail.com  

This case covers the genetics, pathophysiology, and clinical manifestations of Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia (MEN) Type I. The corresponding video and PDF notes are available on YouTube (https://youtu.be/YBONLd5hEt4) and our website (https://www.dviacademy.com/offers/cVoy4VAN/checkout)   DaVinci Cases - InsideTheBoards Edition: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=u2iidilOs4k&list=PLnr1l7WuQdDzuCe3ZI8_zXbt84GTsS5U9 DaVinci Cases - CaseStacks Edition (Radiology): https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=z9puZGImQnk&list=PLnr1l7WuQdDzGN32yK2_7P5nqCGPbsXTs 20% off discount code (DC20) for video courses for anatomy, histology, and biochemistry available at https://www.dviacademy.com/ Other Podcast: The DaVinci Hour Podcast interviews attendings and residents across a variety of fields in medicine giving listeners insight into their experiences, career path, and advice for navigating one's career in medicine. Available at the links below: Podcast Website: https://www.dviacademy.com/the-davinci-hour Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/show/0llGfOXN5VBawQH9DteeQn?si=kyq4twtzTQaX-Ls0fHPk4A Apple Podcasts: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/the-davinci-hour/id1554398921 YouTube Channel: https://www.youtube.com/c/DaVinciAcademyMed/

A todos se nos olvida cuales son las enfermedades que son parte de MEN I, MEN II A y MEN II B. ¡Ya no mas! En este episodio explico en detalle cada una de las enfermedades como Gastrinoma, Pheochromocytoma, Prolactinoma, Insulinoma entre otros. USMLE exam be ready! --- This episode is sponsored by · Anchor: The easiest way to make a podcast. https://anchor.fm/app

Cristian was diagnosed with multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (Men1), also know as Wermer's Syndrome, at the age of 17 (2003), after doctors found hypercalcemia. MEN1 is a rare heritable disorder that predisposes individuals to tumors in the pituitary and parathyroid glands, and pancreas. In 2014, hypercalcemia was found again, performing a neck ultrasound that indicates a new parathyroid adenoma and a thyroid lesion, so a second parathyroidectomy was performed, extracting only the affected gland and a partial thyroidectomy. Following with his annual controls, in May/2017, by ultrasound images a 2x2cm lesion was diagnosed in the pancreas, so a laparoscopic pancreaticoduodenectomy (Wipple surgery) was performed. In this interview, we talk about: - Cristian's MEN1 journey and living with tumors in his brain, neck and pancreas - How Cristian has developed and maintains a positive attitude despite all the adversity that's been thrown at him - What it was like getting life-saving surgery on his pancreas - His life perspective on adversity, low points, resiliency, success, support and gratitude __ Cristian's Email: cleiva1@babson.edu Cristian's Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/crleiger/ Time Stamps: 0:52 Cristian's background 2:32 Did you know what MEN1 was prior to your diagnosis at 17? 3:15 How did you find out about the MEN1 diagnosis? A physical? 4:37 How did being diagnosed with MEN1 at 17 change your life perspective? 5:55 Did you become a lot more aware of death? 7:12 How was parathyroidectomy surgery? 8:30 How can friends/family support you? 10:35 Did you have mental low points? 16:04 How much would you talk about your medical history when making new friends? 19:58 Do you get an annual checkup for your illness? 20:58 Can you talk about your second parathyroidectomy surgery in 2014? 23:26 Any advice you would give to a significant other supporting someone in this position? Especially since you are married. 24:57 What was it like getting life-saving surgery on your pancreas? 29:11 Can you talk about what was going on in 2019 with a new tumor? 31:05 How do you deal with fear? 33:28 How has the physical symptoms been? 36:00 How can friends support people having long stays in the hospital? 38:57 How did you develop a positive mindset despite all the things you've been through? 41:30 Was there a point where you got close to giving up? 44:11 How have you dealt with stress and anxiety in the face of death? 48:57 If you're struggling with being positive, any strategies? 52:00 What's your outlook on life? 55:08 Anything else you want to leave us with? 56:53 Best way to reach you? Grateful Living Info: YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC9Bo0LHtRJJNJBUYIceg27w Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/show/3Hn4ttttmbWfVqAhWh4Jhi Apple: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/id1503185956 My Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/aroy81547/?hl=en Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/gratefulliving4 Medium: https://gratefulliving4.medium.com/

Today's drill session is straight from our brand new high-yield USMLE Step 1 Drills Book (check it out here: step1drills.com)This 20-minute session covers some of the highest of the high-yield details you absolutely must know about the pathology sub-topic of Neoplasia for your Step 1 exam. Be sure to follow me on IG @ instagram.com/realdrpaul & follow Dr. Stavros @ instagram.com/realdrstavrosWatch us on YouTube for a TON of free USMLE & medical school tips, strategies, tricks, and everything in between! Check out our YT channel here: theusmleguys.com/YT

metabolism and aerobic systemtest at muscle level with a Moxy sensoraerobic use is a dial, not an on/off switchtesting VO2maxCooper Run or 2K on Rowercompare to the populationTemplate  MWF = lifting: Cardio T, Th, maybe SatModality, start with a bike if you have the option, less depletion of O2 overallIn the Phys Flex Course, I go over pH and O2 / CO2 mechanics and how to program for itThis podcast is brought to you by the Physiologic Flexibility Certification course. In the course, I talk about the body's homeostatic regulators and how you can train them. The benefit is enhanced recovery and greater robustness. We cover breathing techniques, CWI, sauna, HIIT, diet, and more. Sign up for the waitlist, and you'll be notified as soon as the course opens.Articles:3 Metabolic Tests by Dr Mike T Nelsonhttps://miketnelson.com/3-metabolic-tests-from-rmr-to-vo2-max/How To Test Your VO2 Max with the Concept 2 Rowerhttps://miketnelson.com/forgotten-factor-in-training/Podcastshttps://flex-diet-podcast.simplecast.com/episodes/s2-ep-23-cranial-face-structures-nasal-breathing-orthodontics-tongue-position-and-more-unlikely-performance-limiters-interview-with-zac-cupples-nUobdSwo/transcripthttps://miketnelson.com/interview-with-james-nestor-author-of-breath-the-new-science-of-a-lost-art-2/ReferencesBrooks GA. The Science and Translation of Lactate Shuttle Theory. Cell Metab. 2018 Apr 3;27(4):757-785. doi: 10.1016/j.cmet.2018.03.008. PMID: 29617642. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29617642/Brooks GA. Lactate as a fulcrum of metabolism. Redox Biol. 2020 Aug;35:101454. doi: 10.1016/j.redox.2020.101454. Epub 2020 Feb 9. PMID: 32113910; PMCID: PMC7284908. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32113910/Lacour JR. Activité musculaire et dépense d'énergie [Muscle activity and energy expenditure]. Rev Mal Respir. 2011 Dec;28(10):1278-92. French. doi: 10.1016/j.rmr.2011.06.014. Epub 2011 Nov 6. PMID: 22152936. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22152936/Ortenblad N, Macdonald WA, Sahlin K. Glycolysis in contracting rat skeletal muscle is controlled by factors related to energy state. Biochem J. 2009 May 13;420(2):161-8. doi: 10.1042/BJ20082135. PMID: 19250062.  https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19250062/Rothman DL, Shulman RG. Two transition states of the glycogen shunt and two steady states of gene expression support metabolic flexibility and the Warburg effect in cancer. Neoplasia. 2021 Sep;23(9):879-886. doi: 10.1016/j.neo.2021.06.004. Epub 2021 Jul 21. PMID: 34303218; PMCID: PMC8322124. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34303218/Shulman RG, Rothman DL. The "glycogen shunt" in exercising muscle: A role for glycogen in muscle energetics and fatigue. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2001 Jan 16;98(2):457-61. doi: 10.1073/pnas.98.2.457. PMID: 11209049; PMCID: PMC14608. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11209049/Shulman RG, Hyder F, Rothman DL. Cerebral energetics and the glycogen shunt: neurochemical basis of functional imaging. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2001 May 22;98(11):6417-22. doi: 10.1073/pnas.101129298. Epub 2001 May 8. PMID: 11344262; PMCID: PMC33483. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11344262/Shulman, Robert & Rothman, Douglas. (2015). Homeostasis and the glycogen shunt explains aerobic ethanol production in yeast. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 112. 10.1073/pnas.1510730112. https://www.pnas.org/content/112/35/10902.figures-onlyShulman RG. Glycogen turnover forms lactate during exercise. Exerc Sport Sci Rev. 2005 Oct;33(4):157-62. doi: 10.1097/00003677-200510000-00002. PMID: 16239831. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16239831/Shulman RG, Rothman DL. The Glycogen Shunt Maintains Glycolytic Homeostasis and the Warburg Effect in Cancer. Trends Cancer. 2017 Nov;3(11):761-767. doi: 10.1016/j.trecan.2017.09.007. Epub 2017 Nov 6. PMID: 29120752. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29120752/

Module 4A Foundation Lecture: Neoplasia

We hope you had happy holidays! Today, Nick and Fei review VIN. What is it? How do we follow? When should we treat? Come and listen to find out! Also, don't forget to check out our Rosh Review question of the week to test your knowledge.  Twitter: @creogsovercoff1 Instagram: @creogsovercoffee Facebook: www.facebook.com/creogsovercoffee Website: www.creogsovercoffee.com Patreon: www.patreon.com/creogsovercoffee You can find the OBG Project at: www.obgproject.com

PETCast #48 No nosso quadragésimo oitavo PETCast, trouxemos o Dr. Marcos Flávio para abordar um caso de Neoplasia de Próstata, com ddx de Hiperplasia Prostática Benigna.

We're a little late with this one- TDMG had to get the firmware of his MKULTRA chip upgraded so he was laid up for a couple days. But what's more important than his improved 5G reception and newfound need to explore the Marvel Cinematic Universe is that we have a new episode for all our children. Usually there's a binding thematic thread of some kind for these episodes, but definitely not on this one- we're exploring all corners of extreme music this time. Opening the episode is the debut full-length of Sorguinazia, who play with the expectations of Candian war metal by providing, instead, a dedicated and traditional interpretation of 2nd wave black metal. The rhythms are complex and the presentation is vicious, but the cold, black heart of Mayhem beats steady just under its surface. Why did we stop calling things "necro" anyway? Next is Dark Fog Eruption, a one-man project from Japan playing a style of black metal hard to pin down. Laced with heavy metal, DSBM, and minimal interpretations of soaring Swedish black/death, this is a project with tendrils extending into multiple dimensions of underground black metal in search for a precise center. Is there a Japanese black metal sound? It's hard to say- but we have a good discussion over what it might be. After our break comes Neoplasia, a needling, sadistic, and deliberately distressing take on tech death from Argentina. Now featuring the legendary Lord Marco behind the drums, Neoplasia makes music that recalls your first memories of hearing Necrophagist or Spawn of Possession, but filtered through hideous, blood-flecked industrial machinery and played at double speed. This might be the fastest and most technically accomplished record we've ever covered on the show. Wrapping things up, we abruptly switch gears with the debut record by Harul Vinay, a Himalayan neofolk artist who merges both European and subcontinental instrumentation with an insistent streak of black metal songwriting technique. TBMG takes the helm here (being the one who actually knows things about this kind of music) and prompts a discussion about what defines neofolk, how metal music relates to it, and where this project can develop in the future.   0:00:00 - Intro 0:07:59 - Sorguinazia - Negation of Delirium (Iron Bonehead) 0:49:36 - Dark Fog Eruption - 忘却と絢爛の幻想 (The Illusion of Oblivion and Opulence) (Independent) 1:31:04 - Interlude - Hakuja - “Dew of Blood,” fr. Legacy (Independent, 2007 / Apparitia Recordings, 2008) 1:36:09 - Neoplasia - Stirring Clots (Grinder Cirujano Records) 2:17:49 - Harul Vinay - भराड़ी घाट ("Bharari Ghat")  (Old Mill / ltd. tape on Italian label Frozen Woods) 3:01:18 - Outro - Great American Desert - “Death Shall Be My Name” fr. Warring Against the Sun/Solipsis (Autumn Wind Productions, 2006) (Likely still available from some underground distros but long out of print.)   Terminus links: Terminus on Youtube Terminus on Patreon Terminus on Subscribestar Terminus on Instagram Terminus on Facebook thetrueterminus@gmail.com

In this episode, we review the high-yield topic of Principles of Neoplasia from the Oncology section. Follow Medbullets on social media: Facebook: www.facebook.com/medbullets Instagram: www.instagram.com/medbulletsofficial Twitter: www.twitter.com/medbullets --- Send in a voice message: https://anchor.fm/medbulletsstep1/message

Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia is a difficult diagnosis for patients, families, and clinicians. The vast array of symptoms, affected organs, and complex genetics often mean that it can take years (if not longer) for it to be diagnosed. In addition, the impact for the patient is significant as it is a familial disease that is autosomal dominant with very high penetrance. These syndromes were only identified around the 1960s. However, clinical suspicions were unable to be confirmed as the molecular/genetic techniques only in its infancy. It is a rare condition but one that is critical to recognise early to ensure we provide the best care and management for patients and their families. Special Guest Mark A. Lewis, MD, is director of gastrointestinal oncology at Intermountain Healthcare in Utah. Specializing in cancers of the gastrointestinal tract and accessory organs, his interests focus on hereditary cancer syndromes and young-onset cancers, shared decision-making, and patient-physician communication. The death of his father not only took a huge emotional toll on Lewis, but also piqued his intellectual curiosity. Lewis' paternal uncle and grandfather both died of rare cancer types and then Lewis was diagnosed with a suspicious symptom himself – hypercalcemia, or high levels of calcium – something his father had also experienced. As Lewis completed his medical training and established his current position as a haematologist/oncologist at Intermountain Healthcare in Utah, his PNETs were serially monitored. After the dominant PNET changed, crossing a threshold of concern, he had surgery and has documented the experience. Lewis had another special person in mind though and says, “I wanted my son, who has inherited MEN1 from me and may one day require pancreatic surgery himself, to have a record of my own operation.” Quote: “Pancreatic cancer need not be viewed as a death sentence.” REFERENCE pancan.org/news/quest-understand-fathers-illness-young-doctor-discovers/ See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

** Thanks for downloading this episode. If you'd like to stay in touch with our continuing story, Season 2 continues at This Medical Life, in which Dr Travis Brown continues his exploration of diseases and our approaches to treatment from history to the modern day. Have a look in your podcast app now for This Medical Life, and hit subscribe so you never miss an episode ** Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia is a difficult diagnosis for patients, families, and clinicians. The vast array of symptoms, affected organs, and complex genetics often mean that it can take years (if not longer) for it to be diagnosed. In addition, the impact for the patient is significant as it is a familial disease that is autosomal dominant with very high penetrance. These syndromes were only identified around the 1960s. However, clinical suspicions were unable to be confirmed as the molecular/genetic techniques only in its infancy. It is a rare condition but one that is critical to recognise early to ensure we provide the best care and management for patients and their families. Special GuestMark A. Lewis, MD, is director of gastrointestinal oncology at Intermountain Healthcare in Utah. Specializing in cancers of the gastrointestinal tract and accessory organs, his interests focus on hereditary cancer syndromes and young-onset cancers, shared decision-making, and patient-physician communication. The death of his father not only took a huge emotional toll on Lewis, but also piqued his intellectual curiosity. Lewis' paternal uncle and grandfather both died of rare cancer types and then Lewis was diagnosed with a suspicious symptom himself – hypercalcemia, or high levels of calcium – something his father had also experienced. As Lewis completed his medical training and established his current position as a haematologist/oncologist at Intermountain Healthcare in Utah, his PNETs were serially monitored. After the dominant PNET changed, crossing a threshold of concern, he had surgery and has documented the experience. Lewis had another special person in mind though and says, “I wanted my son, who has inherited MEN1 from me and may one day require pancreatic surgery himself, to have a record of my own operation.” Quote: “Pancreatic cancer need not be viewed as a death sentence.” REFERENCEpancan.org/news/quest-understand-fathers-illness-young-doctor-discovers/See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Multiple endocrine neoplasias are familial syndromes of endocrine tumors occurring in endocrine organs throughout the body. Despite its acronym, the risk for acquiring MEN is about the same in men and women and also across geographic and racial and ethnic groups. These are rare syndromes, affecting about 1 in 30,000 people. Genetic mutations cause the MEN syndromes, which are then inherited in an autosomal dominant pattern. This means several members of the same family are often affected; an affected parent has a 50% chance of passing down the disease to his or her children. Unlike cancers without a hereditary basis, tumors associated with MEN often occur in younger patients (under age 40 years) and affect multiple organ systems all at once, making them particularly troublesome. Generally, tumors may arise in the pituitary gland, parathyroid glands, thymus, pancreas, thyroid, or adrenal glands (Figure 1). The three major types of multiple endocrine neoplasia are MEN1, MEN2A, and MEN2B, and each has a characteristic picture of endocrine or neurologic disorders and tumors. After listening to this AudioBrick, you should be able to: Define multiple endocrine neoplasia (MEN), and list the three MEN syndromes. Compare and contrast the main clinical features of MEN1, MEN2A, and MEN2B. Describe the genetic defects that cause MEN1, MEN2A, and MEN2B. Briefly describe the management of the MEN syndromes. You can also check out the original brick on Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia from our Endocrine collection, which is available for free. Learn more about Rx Bricks by signing up for a free USMLE-Rx account: www.usmle-rx.com You will get 5 days of full access to our Rx360+ program, including nearly 800 Rx Bricks.  After the 5-day period, you will still be able to access over 150 free bricks, including the entire collections for General Microbiology and Cellular and Molecular Biology. *** If you enjoyed this episode, we'd love for you to leave a review on Apple Podcasts.  It helps with our visibility, and the more med students (or future med students) listen to the podcast, the more we can provide to the future physicians of the world. Follow USMLE-Rx at: Facebook: www.facebook.com/usmlerx Blog: www.firstaidteam.com Twitter: https://twitter.com/firstaidteam Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/firstaidteam/ YouTube: www.youtube.com/USMLERX Learn how you can access over 150 of our bricks for FREE: https://usmlerx.wpengine.com/free-bricks/

Welcome to EndoPod's Revision Series! Each episode will cover bitesize revision material for those preparing for exams or even just for those who are interested in learning the basics of Endocrinology. This episode covers Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia 2. Voice - Hepsi Xavier Transcript - Hepsi Xavier Editor - Serena Shoker Aberdeen University Endocrinology Society are a student lead organisation. All information provided in this podcast are intended for educational purposes. This podcast is not intended to replace the advice of a qualified health professional. The students involved in the making of this episode are in the 1st and 3rd of their medical education. Resources: https://rarediseases.org/rare-diseases/multiple-endocrine-neoplasia-type/ https://www.cancer.net/cancer-types/multiple-endocrine-neoplasia-type-2 https://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/condition/primary-localized-cutaneous-amyloidosis https://rarediseases.org/rare-diseases/hirschsprungs-disease/ https://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/gene/RET#location https://www.thyroidcancer.com/thyroid-cancer/medullary https://www.cancer.gov/pediatric-adult-rare-tumor/rare-tumors/rare-endocrine-tumor/medullary-thyroid-cancer

Welcome to EndoPod's Revision Series! Each episode will cover bitesize revision material for those preparing for exams or even just for those who are interested in learning the basics of Endocrinology. This episode covers Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia 1. Voice - Hepsi Xavier Transcript - Jade Kiersten Editor - Serena Shoker Aberdeen University Endocrinology Society are a student lead organisation. All information provided in this podcast are intended for educational purposes. This podcast is not intended to replace the advice of a qualified health professional. The students involved in the making of this episode are in the 1st, 3rd and 4th year of their medical education. Resources: https://www.cancer.net/cancer-types/multiple-endocrine-neoplasia-type-1 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK7029/#:~:text=Epidemiology,age%20of%2010%20is%20rare. https://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/gene/MEN1#conditions https://www.endocrineweb.com/conditions/pituitary-disorders/multiple-endocrine-neoplasia-type-1 https://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/digestive-diseases/zollinger-ellison-syndrome#:~:text=Points%20to%20Remember-,Zollinger%2DEllison%20syndrome%20is%20a%20rare%20disorder%20that%20occurs%20when,neoplasia%20type%201%20(MEN1).

There have been some recent developments shedding welcome light on the issue of cancer in colitis.  We take a closer look at the papers and have a chat with Lauranne Derikx about her recent GIE publication.  To my surprise, I find that my long lamented 'cancer field theory' is very much alive !   References  ■ Derikx LAAP, Kievit W, Drenth JPH et.al. Prior Colorectal Neoplasia Is Associated With Increased Risk of Ileoanal Pouch Neoplasia in IBD. Gastroenterology 2014;146:119-28. ■ de Jong ME, van Tilburg SB, Nissen LHC et.al. Long-term Risk of advanced Neoplasia after finding LGD in pts with IBD - A Nationwide Cohort Study. Journal of Crohn's and Colitis 2019;1485-91. ■ de Jong ME, Kanne H, Nissen LHC et.al. Increased risk of HGD and CRC in IBD patients with recurrent LGD. GIE 2020;91:1334-42. ■ Wijnands AM, de Jong ME, Lutgens MWMD. Prognostic factors for advanced colorectal neoplasia in inflammatory bowel disease: systematic review and meta-analysis. Gastroenterology 2020; 22 December

This episode covers the characteristics of multiple endocrine neoplasia!

In Episode 11, Lauren and JJ present a case from one of our veterinary technician friends. Cassie’s cat is losing weight and seems like a textbook case, but not everything is as it seems.

O que você sabe sobre Neoplasia da TEG? Quais as principais causas, sintomas, diagnósticos e tratamentos para a doença? Nesse episódio, a discussão completa sobre esse tema com o Prof.Dr. Paulo Kassab, cirurgião do aparelho digestivo, referência no Brasil e exterior.

Neoplasia renal --- Send in a voice message: https://anchor.fm/mabel-morales/message Support this podcast: https://anchor.fm/mabel-morales/support

E se il tuo animale ha un nodulo, una neoplasia cutanea probabilmente maligna?La prima cosa che farà il tuo medico veterinario sarà dare un nome e cognome alla neoformazione e lo farà tramite biopsia, ovvero preleverà un campione delle cellule del nodulo perché siano analizzate in laboratorio.A questo punto sarà possibile instaurare una terapia più mirata e a volte, come nel caso del comunissimo mastocitoma del cane, saranno necessarie indagini aggiuntive per capire se la neoplasia si trova solo sulla pelle o se purtroppo ha raggiunto anche altri organi come i linfonodi, il fegato, la milza o il midollo osseo.Negli esseri umani come negli animali esistono patologie di ogni tipo, molte sono curabili, alcune, purtroppo, non lo sono. Se noti una neoformazione sulla cute del tuo cane o gatto non esitare: chiedi un consulto medico veterinario perché quello che può essere curato subito, potrebbe non esserlo più se attendi troppo.

Neoplasia is the term for uncontrolled proliferation of cells. Neoplasia can be classified by the behavior, the tissue of origin and the degree of differentiation of the tissue. Let's Talk about! ...Topics Included;- Behavior (Benign vs. Malignant) - Degree of Differentiation- Tissue of Origin- MELTS (Benign 'Oma' Exceptions) - Tumor Markers- Pathogenesis of Cancer - Cancer Suppressor Gene Inactivation- Carcinogens - Cancer Incidence Reference: Pathology Review (3rd Edition) J.R. LaRose

DNA methylation changes in human papillomavirus type 16 (HPV16) DNA are common and might be important for identifying women at increased risk of cervical cancer. Atilla Lorincz discusses recently published data from Costa Rica and a classification score to differentiate women with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2 or 3

Neste episódio começamos por falar em decorar nomes. O Pedro é mais de caras, o Paulo é mais de sítios, Rodrigo não sabe nem caras, nem nomes nem sítios. Depois debatemos tudo sobre o cancro. É um episódio pesadão, mas ouçam na mesma!

Editor's Choice Paper: "When to stop human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG) surveillance after treatment with chemotherapy for gestational trophoblastic neoplasia (GTN): A national analysis on over 4,000 patients" and Editorial Paper: "Continued hCG surveillance following chemotherapy for gestational trophoblastic neoplasia: When is enough enough?" Hosted by: Dr. Beth Karlan, Editor-in-Chief and Featuring: Dr. Berkowitz, Dr. Karlan, Professor Seckl

Confira o Estúdio CBR com o tema Neoplasia de próstata no novembro azul novos paradigmas na visão do Urologista e Radiologista e contou a participação do Dr. Fernando Ide Yamauchi e da Dr. Antônio Pompeo.

Editor's Choice Paper: When to stop human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG) surveillance after treatment with chemotherapy for gestational trophoblastic neoplasia (GTN): A national analysis on over 4,000 patients Editorial Paper: Continued hCG surveillance following chemotherapy for gestational trophoblastic neoplasia: When is enough enough? Hosted by: Dr. Beth Karlan, Editor-in-Chief Featuring: Dr. Berkowitz, Dr. Karlan, Professor Seckl

“A lot of people are on the keto diet these days, but a new study suggests that if you are, don’t take a “cheat day.†A study in the journal Nutrients shows that people who’ve been on a high fat, low carb diet can damage their blood vessels with a big sugar spike equivalent to one large bottle of soda.“ http://traffic.libsyn.com/radiohealthjournal/Medical_Notes_19-43.mp3 Medical notes this week… If you like to eat red meat, a new major review of the evidence says, “Go ahead.†The study in the Annals of Internal Medicine finds that cutting back on red meat and processed meat in the diet has little impact on health and results in no significant reduction in the risk of heart disease, diabetes or cancer. Already a number of large health organizations have trashed the study, which goes against years of advice to cut down on meat and eat more veggies. But authors say their conclusions are based on the most comprehensive review of the evidence ever made. The PSA test for prostate specific antigen is the closest thing doctors have to a screening test for prostate cancer, but it often produces false positives leading to risky and unnecessary biopsies. Now a study in the journal Neoplasia finds that a urine test for a genetic biomarker can accurately detect one form of prostate cancer affecting about a third of men with cancer. The test would have to be used in conjunction with tests for other cancer biomarkers. A lot of people are on the keto diet these days, but a new study suggests that if you are, don’t take a “cheat day.†A study in the journal Nutrients shows that people who’ve been on a high fat, low carb diet can damage their blood vessels with a big sugar spike equivalent to one large bottle of soda. The study was small, with only nine subjects, but researchers say the results were still alarming. And finally, you may think your cat doesn’t care when you come home from work. But a new study shows they probably do, just as much as dogs. The study in the journal Current Biology finds that about 65 percent of cats form what are called “secure bonds†with their people, which is, surprisingly, about the same rate that human infants are attached to their caregivers.

The 2019 season of the CGA-IGC podcast series, Expert Approach to Hereditary Gastrointestinal Cancers, will focus on the management of extra-colonic features of Familial Adenomatous Polyposis, or FAP. FAP is an inherited condition that is primarily characterized by the development of many colon polyps and an increased risk for colon cancer, but there are other aspects of FAP that are also important to be aware of and manage appropriately. The third episode features Dr. Jewel Samadder, gastroenterologist and advanced endoscopist at the Mayo Clinic in Phoenix, Arizona. Dr. Samadder has a specific focus on hereditary cancer conditions, with distinct expertise in familial adenomatous polyposis. In this episode, Dr. Samadder discusses the necessary screening, endoscopic and surgical approaches, and chemoprevention options for duodenal neoplasia in FAP. Note: This episode was recorded on July 16th, 2019 and reflects expert opinion at the time of recording. The content of this podcast is not intended to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified health provider with any questions you may have regarding a medical condition. Episodes to come in Season 2: - "Desmoids" with Dr. James Church and Dr. Dale Shepard - "Thyroid Lesion Management" with Dr. Jennifer Sipos - "Transition from Pediatric to Adult Care" with Kristin Zajo, MS, CGC

In this episode we will discuss men's health, specifically testicular cancer.  Usually found in younger men aged 15 to 35 and only 1 in 250 will ever develop this disease Because testicular cancer usually can be treated successfully, a man’s lifetime risk of dying from this cancer is very low: about 1 in 5,000.

Neoplasia by ToadsBooks

Hear transcribed versions of author created video abstracts in this issue, which has a bit of a topic focus on High Grade Anal Intra-epithelial Neoplasia, though there are many more topics, including avimopam/ketorolac use, neuroendocrine tumors, IBD, ileostomy readmission and more!

MEN 1, 2A, 2B

EIN Represents a true antecedent lesion in the endometrial cavity with the potential to develop into endometrial adenocarcinoma. This podcast will review the joint committee opinion released by the SGO and the ACOG (#631) covering pre-malignant endometrial pathology.

Commentary by Dr. Valentin Fuster

Jasper Vleugels joins The Lancet Gastroenterology and Hepatology to discuss the results of the FIND-UC trial.

Jasper Vleugels joins The Lancet Gastroenterology and Hepatology to discuss the results of the FIND-UC trial.

Shivakumar Vignesh, MD

Shivakumar Vignesh, MD

The American Association for Cancer Research (AACR) announced the launch of an international initiative known as AACR Project Genomics, Evidence, Neoplasia, Information, Exchange (GENIE). The initial phase of the project, which is being conducted in partnership with seven global leaders in genomic sequencing for clinical utility, as well as two informatics partners, will aggregate project members’ clinical-grade sequencing data to improve patient treatment decisions and catalyze clinical and translational research. The seven founding members of the consortium and phase 1 participants are: The Center for Personalized Cancer Treatment, Utrecht, Netherlands; Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston; Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France; Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore; Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York; Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto; and Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Nashville, Tennessee. The two informatics partners are: Sage Bionetworks, Seattle; and cBioPortal, New York.

Serie D. Clase en conjunto correspondiente al curso de Patología Oral para los programas de Especialidad en Odontopediatría y Cirugía máxilo facial. Más información en www.rodrigofuentespatologiaoral.cl Presentación de referencia en Prezi.com desde imagen 96 https://prezi.com/4a423txwuakf/conceptos-fundamentales-enfermedad-comportamiento-biologico-semiologia-trastornos-mas-prevalentes/

Li Li, MD, PhD Case Western Reserve University

Objective: Diagnostic imaging by CT colonography and capsule endoscopy is used to detect colonic lesions. Controversy exists regarding the work-up of subcentimetric lesions. The aim of this study was to identify risk indicators for advanced neoplasia (AN) in subcentimetric polyps. Design: Colonoscopies were classified on the basis of the largest lesion found. AN was defined as high-grade dysplasia, villous histology, or cancer. Logistic regression models were developed to identify risk factors for AN, and validated on separate datasets. A risk index based on the logistic regression was generated, and the number needed to screen (NNS) to detect AN was determined. Results: 1 077 956 colonoscopies identified 106 270 intermediate (5-9 mm) and 198 954 diminutive (= 85 versus = 85 versus

Dr. Marcia Cruz-Correa discusses her manuscript, "Ethnic and Sex Disparities in Colorectal Neoplasia Among Hispanic Patients Undergoing Screening Colonoscopy." To view the print version of this abstract go to http://bit.ly/Pt3jr3.

Dr. Khey-Yu Ho discusses his manuscript, "Robot-Assisted Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection Is Effective in Treating Patients With Early-Stage Gastric Neoplasia." To view the print version of this abstract go to http://bit.ly/VCAmhx.

Dr. Michael J. Levy discusses his manuscript, "Comparison of Methods to Detect Neoplasia in Patients Undergoing Endoscopic Ultrasound-Guided Fine-Needle Aspiration."

A study in the March issue of CGH looks at whether primary sclerosing cholangitis is also a risk factor for colorectal dysplasia or cancer in patients with Crohn's disease of the colon. Dr. Kuemmerle speaks with senior author Dr. Roger Chapman

Click here for audio of lecture.

Click here for audio of lecture.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the leading causes of cancer related morbidity and death. Despite the fact that the mean age at diagnosis of CRC is lower in men, screening by colonoscopy or fecal occult blood test (FOBT) is initiated at same age in both genders. The prevalence of the common CRC precursor lesion, advanced adenoma, is well documented only in the screening population. The purpose of this study was to assess the risk of advanced adenoma at ages below screening age. We analyzed data from a census of 625,918 outpatient colonoscopies performed in adults in Bavaria between 2006 and 2008. A logistic regression model to determine gender- and age-specific risk of advanced neoplasia was developed. Advanced neoplasia was found in 16,740 women (4.6%) and 22,684 men (8.6%). Male sex was associated with an overall increased risk of advanced neoplasia (odds ratio 1.95; 95% confidence interval, CI, 1.91 to 2.00). At any age and in any indication group, more colonoscopies were needed in women than in men to detect advanced adenoma or cancer. At age 75 14.8 (95% CI, 14.4-15.2) screening, 18.2 (95% CI, 17.7-18.7) diagnostic, and 7.9 (95% CI, 7.6-8.2) colonoscopies to follow up on a positive FOBT (FOBT colonoscopies) were needed to find advanced adenoma in women. At age 50 39.0 (95% CI, 38.0-40.0) diagnostic, and 16.3 (95% CI, 15.7-16.9) FOBT colonoscopies were needed. Comparable numbers were reached 20 and 10 years earlier in men than in women, respectively. At any age and independent of the indication for colonoscopy, men are at higher risk of having advanced neoplasia diagnosed upon colonoscopy than women. This suggests that starting screening earlier in life in men than in women might result in a relevant increase in the detection of asymptomatic preneoplastic and neoplastic colonic lesions.

A study in the November issue of Gastroenterology investigates whether detection of proximal nondysplastic serrated polyps (ND-SP) at screening and surveillance colonoscopies is associated with advanced neoplasia.

An AGA medical position statement and technical review on the diagnosis and management of colorectal neoplasia in inflammatory bowel disease appear in the February 2010 issue of Gastroenterology. Dr. Kuemmerle speaks with author Dr. Francis A. Farraye.

Thu, 7 Oct 2004 12:00:00 +0100 https://edoc.ub.uni-muenchen.de/2656/ https://edoc.ub.uni-muenchen.de/2656/1/Wang_Xiuli.pdf Wang, Xiuli

Marek´s disease virus (MDV) is a herpesvirus causing a lymphoproliferative disorder of domestic chickens worldwide. The early signs of disease like apathy, anorexy and the transient paralysis as well as the symptoms at the later stages (Neoplasia and death) causes large economical problems in the chicken industry. With the development of an effetive Vaccine, the first practical vaccine against an oncogenic disease of any type in any spieces, most of the serious problems were solved. However recent reports describing an increased virulence resulting in vaccine breaks, indicates a demand for better vaccines. To be able to enhance the prophylaxis against Marek´s disease virus, the understanding of the interaction between host and virus needs to be expanded. Interferons are cytokines with antiviral activity. On the basis of their structural and functional features they can be divided into type I (IFN-alpha and IFN-beta) and type II (IFN-gamma) interferons. Type I plays an important role during the early phase of viral infections, while IFN-gamma has a prominent role later during the infection through its immunmodulatory functions. In this study it was shown that chicken embryocellcultures responds to the infection with either an apathogenic strain of MDV (CVI 988) or a highly pathogenic strain (RB1B), with the secretion of an antiviral factor. Neutralisation with cytokine specific antibodies revealed that this activity could only be attributed to IFN-alpha but not IFN-beta. In addition, synthesis of IFN-gamma was not observed in any of the experiments. Treatment of MDV infected embryocellcultures with either recombinant chicken IFN-alpha (rChIFN-alpha) or recombinant chicken IFN-gamma (rChIFN-gamma) led to a significant reduction in plaque numbers. This antiviral effect was still observed when cultures were treated 48 hours after infection. In order to understand the functional role of the IFNs in vivo, leghorn birds were repeatedly treated with rChIFN-alpha or rChIFN-gamma for ten weeks starting on the day of hatch. The birds were then challanged on the second day of life with a highly virulent MDV-strain (vv+, EU-1). Treatment with IFN-gamma delayed the mortality to a very small degree. In contrast, IFN-alpha treatment delayed the mortality for 3 weeks. However, prevention of the disease was not achieved regardless of the used IFN-alpha dose. The functional relevance of IFN-alpha was further underscored by experiments where birds were treated with a neutralizing monoclonal antibody to ChIFN-alpha and thereafter infected with the EU-1 strain at the second day of life. Birds in this group died 3 weeks earlier than those in the untreated control group. These data shows that Interferons play a role in the progression of Mareks disease, however, regardless the IFN-dose applicated, the disease could not be prevented by the cytokines on their own.

Commonly, plant and invertebrate lectins are accepted glycohistochemical tools for the analysis of normal and altered structures of glycans in histology and pathology. Mammalian lectins and neoglycoproteins are recent additions to this panel for the detection of lectin-reactive carbohydrate epitopes and glycoligand-binding sites. The binding profiles of these three types of probes were comparatively analyzed in normal, inflamed and neoplastic large intestine. In normal colonic mucosa the intracellular distribution of glycoconjugates and carbohydrate ligand-binding sites in enterocytes reveals a differential binding of lectins with different specificity and of neoglycoproteins to the Golgi apparatus, the rough and smooth endoplasmic reticulum and the apical cell surface. The accessible glycoligand-binding sites and the lectin-reactive carbohydrate epitopes detected by galectin-1 show the same pattern of intracellular location excluding the apical cell surface. Lectin-reactive carbohydrate epitopes detected by plant lectins of identical monosaccharide specificity as the endogenous lectin {[}Ricinus communis agglutinin-I (RCA-I), Viscum album agglutinin (VAA)], however, clearly differ with respect to their intracellular distribution. Maturation-associated differences and heterogeneity in glycohistochemical properties of epithelial cells and non-epithelial cells (macrophages, dendritic cells, lymphocytes) are found. Dissimilarities in the fine structural Ligand recognition of lectins with nominal specificity to the same monosaccharide have been demonstrated for the galactoside-specific lectins RCA-I, VAA and galectin-1 as well as the N-acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc)-specific lectins Dolichos biflorus agglutinin (DBA), soybean agglutinin (SBA) and Helix pomatia agglutinin in normal mucosa and in acute appendicitis. Acute inflammation of the intestinal mucosa found in acute phlegmonous appendicitis is associated with selective changes of glycosylation of mucin in goblet cells mainly of lower and middle crypt segments resulting in an increase of DBA- and SEA-binding sites in the goblet cell population. Appendicitis causes no detectable alteration of neoglycoprotein binding. In contrast, tumorigenesis of colonic adenoma is characterized by increases in lectin-reactive galactose (Gal; Gal-beta 1,3-GalNAc), fucose and N-acetylglucosamine moieties and by enhanced presentation of respective carbohydrate ligand-binding capacity. This work reveals that endogenous lectins and neoglycoproteins are valuable glycohistochemical tools supplementing the well-known analytic capacities of plant lectins in the fields of gastrointestinal anatomy and gastroenteropathology.

It has been suggested that not only the position but also the nature of the mutations of the ret protooncogene strongly correlate with the clinical manifestation of the multiple endocrine neoplasm type 2 (MEN 2) syndrome. In particular, individuals with a Cys634-Arg substitution should have a greater risk of developing parathyroid disease. We, therefore, analyzed 94 unrelated families from Germany with inherited medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) for mutation of the ret protooncogene. In all but 1 of 59 families with MEN 2A, germline mutations in the extracellular domain of the ret protein were found. Some 81% of the MEN 2A mutations affected codon 634. Phenotype-genotype correlations suggested that the prevalence of pheochromocytoma and hyperparathyroidism is significantly higher in families with codon 634 mutations, but there was no correlation with the nature of the mutation. In all but 1 of 27 familial MTC (FMTC) families, mutations were detected in 1 of 4 cysteines in the extracellular domain of the ret protooncogene. Half of the FMTC mutations affected codon 634. Mutations outside of codon 634 occurred more often in FMTC families than in MEN 2A families. In all but 1 of 8 MEN 2B patients, de novo mutations in codon 918 were found. These data confirm the preferential localization of MEN 2-associated mutations and the correlation between disease phenotype and the position of the ret mutation, but there was no correlation between the occurrence of hyperparathyroidism or pheochromocytoma and the nature of the mutation.