Podcasts about Histopathology

ai artificial intelligence surfing wrapping up mash nits histopathology louise campbell

Play Episode Listen Later Dec 27, 2023 35:30

Surfing the MASH Tsunami continues its 2023 wrap-up conversations with HistoIndex Chief Scientific Officer Dean Tai, along with co-hosts Jörn Schattenberg and Roger Green. The conversation focuses on growth in the use of AI in Steatotic Liver Disease and some of the insights the profession is developing as a result. The conversation starts with Dean Tai and Jörn Schattenberg discussing the many promising advances in artificial intelligence over the past year. The two leaders agree both that the advances are providing exceptional new insights already, and will provide even greater insight when we can link AI to outcomes. Roger Green also notes how important it is that we improve the insights we develop from biopsy and, at the same time, the quality of non-invasive tests and suggests that AI has the ability to help on both issues. Finally, from the patient perspective, Louise Campbell suggests that anything that reduces the number of patients we biopsy or the number of biopsies per patient is a significant advance. To be more specific, Dean points out that some of the newer clinical trials are yielding decreases of 30-70% in liver fat density, along with significant decreases in liver volume. Since these measures reduce faster than fibrosis, AI is now giving us the ability to learn more about the process of fibrosis reduction in the aftermath of density and volume declines. Jörn notes that one important issue here involves differences in how pathologists and AI read changes in fibrosis. Specifically, we sometimes overread fibrosis levels in the presence of fast liver fat reductions. He also notes that we can combine these findings with direct fibrosis measures to learn even more and faster. Louise anticipates that this will provide additional benefits if we can fit patient quality-of-life metrics with this data to pinpoint when in the disease treatment process patients begin actually to feel better. Dean goes on to a second point. AI allows researchers to explore reductions in different regions of the liver in terms of how different regions relate to outcomes. He also points out that in Steatotic Liver Diseases, we see that fibrosis continues in parallel with fibrolysis, which researchers now need to consider in the context of overall disease. Roger mentions two items: that Dean has said in private conversation that in AI-based studies, placebo response usually occurs in ~1/3 of patients and, separately, that bariatric studies suggest that one level of regression might require five years. Dean responds by saying that AI allows us to determine when underlying disease is resolving even if the pathologist considers the patient as presenting with regressive disease. Roger asks whether AI can be used to assure patients how thoroughly we have studied these drugs and how much we have learned and, separately, to demonstrate more value to payers than we believe using "naked eye" data. Dean suggests the keys will be to simplify the data we present and also to generate a joint statement from the entire community on these issues. Looking at 2024, Dean anticipates more and richer data than we have. He also cautions that we should shift from biopsy to NITs in clinical trials before we have developed deeper knowledge on how the liver works and what NITs must capture. In this process, he envisions 2024 as a "proof-of-concept" year before we can move to totally non-invasive monitoring in 2025 or 2026. Jörn, who had dropped off the conversation for a few moments, suggested that AI will improve clinical practice over time as well. In closing, Dean states his concern for 2024 is that we shift too quickly from biopsy to NITs. Louise comments that we cannot discredit biopsy (at least, not yet) and that providers can explain to patients why it is necessary.

Tubular Biomarkers and Kidney Histopathology in Diabetes

Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (CJASN)

Play Episode Listen Later Nov 17, 2023 3:21

Dr. Christine Limonte summarizes the main findings from her study "Associations of Biomarkers of Tubular Injury and Inflammation with Biopsy Features in Type 1 Diabetes," on behalf of her colleagues.

diabetes inflammation kidney associations biomarkers tubular histopathology

96 | Dr. Patrick Emanuel on trans-continental careers, American residency & dermatopathology

Doctor NOS

Play Episode Listen Later Jul 13, 2023 42:24

Dr. Patrick Emanuel is a dermatopathologist based in Lima, Peru. He also consults for IGENZ molecular laboratory, Pathlab Bay of Plenty, and the Skin Institute (all based in New Zealand). He is an Honorary Associate Professor at the University of Auckland and Adjunct Assistant Professor at the Icahn Mount Sinai School of Medicine in New York. Patrick's academic interests include cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma, margin control surgery, and the application of molecular techniques to cutaneous tumours.In this episode, we discuss his journey from Dunedin, to Nelson, to America, then to Peru. We talk about his pathway into dermatopathology, the training involved, the daily routines, and the pay disparity for residency in US. We discuss his work-life balance, practicing medicine in a second language, and the capacity for remote work as a pathologist.Book 'Margin Control Surgery of the Skin: Concepts, Histopathology, and Applications' mentioned ://www.mhprofessional.com/margin-control-surgery-of-the-skin-concepts-histopathology-and-applications-9781264285990-usa#tab-label-product-description-titleDermnet: https://dermnetnz.org/Support the showAs always, if you have any feedback or queries, or if you would like to get in touch with the speaker, feel free to get in touch at doctornos@pm.me. Audio credit:Bliss by Luke Bergs https://soundcloud.com/bergscloudCreative Commons — Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported — CC BY-SA 3.0Free Download / Stream: https://bit.ly/33DJFs9Music promoted by Audio Library https://youtu.be/e9aXhBQDT9Y

Prevent Hair Loss & Grey Hair, Naturally: Hormones, Nutrients & Therapies

High Intensity Health with Mike Mutzel, MS

Play Episode Listen Later Jul 6, 2023 19:29

Learn new strategies and tactics to slow the greying of hair and prevent hair loss as you age. Support your Workout Sessions and Healthy Hydration with the Electrolyte + Creatine Combo by MYOXCIENCE : https://bit.ly/electrolyte-stix Use code podcast to save 15% Link to study: https://bit.ly/3PHGxVp References: Fernandez‐Flores, A., Saeb‐Lima, M. & Cassarino, D. S. Histopathology of aging of the hair follicle. J. Cutan. Pathol. 46, 508–519 (2019). Papaccio, F., D′Arino, A., Caputo, S. & Bellei, B. Focus on the Contribution of Oxidative Stress in Skin Aging. Antioxidants 11, 1121 (2022). Williams, R., Pawlus, A. D. & Thornton, M. J. Getting under the skin of hair aging: the impact of the hair follicle environment. Exp. Dermatol. 29, 588–597 (2020). Show Notes: 01:00 We may slow hair graying and hair loss by decreasing chronic inflammation. 02:00 By age 50, 50% of us will have 50% of our hair gray. 02:00 Over 1 year you lose .25% of your hair follicles. 03:00 post-menopausal women have a dramatic increase in follicle loss. 03:30 Oxidative stress can influence gray hair. 04:20 UV stress can affect the hair bulb. 04:40 There is a correlation between graying of hair, facial wrinkling, and crown top baldness and myocardial infarction in men. 08:00 With age, hairs are reduced in diameter and experience follicle miniaturization. 08:55 Chronic inflammation increases damage to DNA proteins and lipids within the hair follicle environment. 10:05 Collagen may be effective in preventing premature wrinkling of the skin and hair loss. 10:55 Bone mineral density correlates with hair loss and hair graying. 11:20 Slowing senescence and purging senescent cells happen with fasting and exercise. 12:25 Minimize exposure to pollution. Avoid excessive sun exposure. Avoid nutrition deficiencies. 13:30 Insulin resistance and PCOS can exacerbate hair loss. 14:00 Sometimes graying from environmental factors may be reversed. 14:30 52% of post-menopausal women experience hair loss. 14:40 Micronized progesterone can help women preserve the integrity of skin and hair follicle. 15:20 Lack of estrogen accelerates changes in hair follicle and skin aging. 17:45 Some shampoos can accelerate graying and hair loss. 18:35 Men with high levels of DHT, consider a ketoconazole shampoo.

JACC: Advances - Histopathology of the Mitral Valve Residual Leaflet in Obstructive Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy

JACC Speciality Journals

Play Episode Listen Later May 26, 2023 3:16

Commentary by Dr. Candice Silversides

commentary advances valve residual obstructive mitral hypertrophic cardiomyopathy leaflet jacc histopathology

Differentiation of white matter histopathology using b-tensor encoding and machine learning

PaperPlayer biorxiv neuroscience

Play Episode Listen Later Feb 18, 2023

Link to bioRxiv paper: http://biorxiv.org/cgi/content/short/2023.02.17.529024v1?rss=1 Authors: Rios-Carrillo, R., Ramirez-Manzanares, A., Luna-Munguia, H., Regalado, M., Concha, L. Abstract: Diffusion-Weighted Magnetic Resonance Imaging (DW-MRI) is a non-invasive technique that is sensitive to microstructural geometry in neural tissue and is useful for the detection of neuropathology in research and clinical settings. Tensor valued diffusion encoding schemes (b-tensor) have been developed to enrich the microstructural data that can be obtained through DW-MRI. These advanced methods have proven to be more specific to microstructural properties than conventional DW-MRI acquisitions. Additionally, machine learning methods are particularly useful for the study of multidimensional data sets. In this work, we have tested the reach of b-tensor encoding data analyses with machine learning in different histopathological scenarios. We achieved this in three steps: 1) We induced different forms of white matter damage in rodent optic nerves. 2) We obtained ex-vivo DW-MRI with b-tensor encoding schemes and calculated quantitative metrics using Q-space Trajectory Imaging. 3) We used a machine learning model to identify the main contributing features and built a voxel-wise probabilistic classification map of histological damage. Our results show that this model is sensitive to characteristics of microstructural damage. In conclusion, b-tensor encoded DW-MRI analyzed with machine learning methods, have the potential to be further developed for the detection of histopathology and neurodegeneration. Copy rights belong to original authors. Visit the link for more info Podcast created by Paper Player, LLC

llc copy machine learning differentiation concha tensor encoding regalado biorxiv white matter histopathology

Andrew Janowczyk: Quality Assurance in histopathology images

AI-ready Healthcare

Play Episode Listen Later Nov 29, 2022 63:00

Andrew Janowczyk is an assistant professor at Emory University, USA. Andrew's research focuses on applying computer vision and machine learning algorithms to digital pathology. His key area of expertise is in leveraging deep learning to build computational models for aiding pathologists in many common tasks, such as disease detection and cancer grading.

united states images emory university quality assurance histopathology

TPX 2022 Series - EP5: The Influence of Geographical Origin, Age, Sex, and Animal Husbandry on the Spontaneous Histopathology of Laboratory Cynomolgus Macaques (Macaca Fascicularis): A Contemporary Global and Multisite Review of Historical Control

sex global influence origin historical vol contemporary laboratory spontaneous geographical podcast editor multisite animal husbandry macaques macaca histopathology

Play Episode Listen Later Aug 11, 2022 17:02

Podcast Editor, Liz McInnes, interviews author Ronnie Chamanza to discuss the article, "The Influence of Geographical Origin, Age, Sex, and Animal Husbandry on the Spontaneous Histopathology of Laboratory Cynomolgus Macaques (Macaca Fascicularis): A Contemporary Global and Multisite Review of Historical Control Data" which can currently be found in Vol 50, Issue 5, 2022 of Toxicologic Pathology. Click here to read the article

S3-E36.5 - REGENERATE Redux: Clearing The Finish Line?

fda reverse clearing redux finish line nda oca regenerate fatty liver fibrosis pruritus histopathology stephen harrison louise campbell

Play Episode Listen Later Jul 17, 2022 13:38

On July 7, Intercept Pharmaceuticals released new results from the continuation of the REGENERATE trial and announced their intent to file a new NDA for obeticholic acid (OCA) in NASH fibrosis. In this conversation, Stephen Harrison leads Jörn Schattenberg, Louise Campbell and Roger Green in considering whether the evidence in the new release will be sufficient to get the drug approved.Stephen starts by noting that we have not heard anything about the results of the REVERSE trial, which evaluated obeticholic acid (OCA) in patients with compensated cirrhosis. As he notes, even if OCA is not approved for cirrhosis, many hepatologists will consider giving this drug to cirrhotic patients, particularly compensated cirrhotics who face a significant worsening of their condition in a fairly short period of time. Jörn comments on this briefly to agree that the cirrhosis data will create a complete data set, then returns to the pruritus issue. Mostly, his point about cirrhosis is that given the high placebo rate suggests there is "something about how the question is asked." He finishes this comment by discussing the importance of getting a first drug approved and stating his anticipation of what happens when FDA reviews these data. Roger goes on to note that he has a unique experience in this group: he has discontinued a drug therapy based on pruritus (in his case, a cancer drug). Having lived through that experience, he expresses skepticism that pruritus that resolves on discontinuation will be a reason for the drug to be rejected. Stephen concurs, and Roger goes on to state that the perceived cardiovascular risk in 2020 made sense as a reason not to approve, but not pruritus. Stephen and Louise concur that we will not know the entire story until we know the lengths to which providers went to keep patients in this study, but both are hopeful (and pretty much expect) that while there may be boundaries on patient types and guidance on treatment, the case for approval appears likely to succeed. During the second half of this conversation, panelists share their common hope that this data will be sufficient to get OCA approved and discuss what this could mean for the entire Fatty Liver stakeholder community.

S3-E36.4 - REGENERATE Redux: Other Obeticholic Acid (OCA) Questions

fda acid redux nda intercept oca regenerate fibrosis crl pruritus histopathology stephen harrison louise campbell

Play Episode Listen Later Jul 17, 2022 12:18

On July 7, Intercept Pharmaceuticals released new results from the continuation of the REGENERATE trial and announced their intent to file a new NDA for obeticholic acid (OCA) in NASH fibrosis. In this conversation, Stephen Harrison leads Jörn Schattenberg, Louise Campbell and Roger Green in considering less obvious questions surrounding efficacy and safety.Stephen starts this conversation by asking the group how important it is for a drug (in this case, obeticholic acid) to show a combined endpoint of fibrosis improvement and NASH resolution. He notes this is a tougher standard to hit but notes that it might be quite important.Jörn describes this comment as a "good point" that probably was not addressed due to the low level of NASH resolution when viewed as a primary endpoint. Louise says she would need to know more about the diets patients were on while in the trial given the effect diet can have on liver fat. She then goes on to say that one question she would like to have answered is how many patients needed counseling on their pruritus to stay in the study and what exact steps did researchers take to keep these patients in. She points out that knowing the steps necessary to maintain patient adherence is vitally important to caregivers but rarely reported for trials, if ever.Roger makes two points. His first basically supports Jörn's comment that the low level of NASH resolution as a primary endpoint virtually guarantees that the number of patients achieving the dual endpoint will be minimal at best. His second harkens back to Stephen's earlier point about including a larger post-18 month patient pool in the efficacy analysis. To Roger, it appears that Intercept made the sound commercial decision to reveal only the data necessary to generate the analyses necessary for approval. It felt to him as if Intercept assessed the least risky way to refute each point in the CRL, and then did only the analyses necessary to refute points successfully. In essence, Roger describes the analysis as a way to de-risk the drug and believes they appear to have done so effectively. At this point, Stephen shifts direction. He gives Intercept "accolades...they didn't give up. They persevered. They continued to drive forward and they added three different adjudication committees." And while he believes there is more analysis to be done, he describes the contents of the press release as "a very, very positive implication for the field" and "give[s] it two thumbs up." After Roger concurs, Stephen goes back to Louise's questions about pruritus and notes that the methodology for evaluating pruritus might have produced overstated results. In essence, the investigator asked patients whether they were experiencing pruritus at every visit, an approach Stephen and Jörn believe was likely to produce an overstatement on itching. Stephen continues this line of thinking to note that investigators were forced to discontinue therapy under certain pruritus reports. As the conversation ends, he notes that he is far more interested in hepatic effects.

S3-E36.2 - REGENERATE Redux: What OCA Efficacy Results Mean For Patients

thinking patients fda redux efficacy nda intercept oca f3 regenerate fibrosis results mean histopathology stephen harrison louise campbell

Play Episode Listen Later Jul 16, 2022 14:01

On July 7, Intercept Pharmaceuticals released new results from the continuation of the REGENERATE trial and announced their intent to file a new NDA for obeticholic acid (OCA) in NASH fibrosis. In this conversation, Stephen Harrison leads Jörn Schattenberg, Louise Campbell and Roger Green in examining the new efficacy analysis and exploring what it means for obeticholic acid, both in terms of the drug's performance and its revised prospects for FDA approval.After reviewing the four key points from Intercept's press release, Stephen Harrison kicks off this conversation by looking at a broader efficacy picture than mere regression of fibrosis, to ask what percentage of patients experienced no further progression of fibrosis compared to the placebo group. Stephen notes that the clinical value of simply halting fibrosis progression in an F3 patient is tremendously important because it allows an asymptomatic patient to continue life at its current level of quality. He adds, "we can manage co-morbidities" separately. He goes on to wonder why Intercept did not expand the analysis to include the large number of patients who made it past the 18-month biopsy time point but were not part of the original 2019 efficacy cohort.At this point, Stephen takes a step back from the actual data to describe how the consensus approach worked on histological reads and to praise the approach for providing clear, simple answers. Jörn Schattenberg picks up the conversation by agreeing with Stephen's assessment of the consensus approach, which he describes as emulating how colleagues assess challenging cases or histopathology reports in actual practice. Roger joins the conversation to wonder why the consensus reading process would have the effect of reducing the percentage of patients who improve in the placebo group on one reading but not elsewhere. More important to him, he goes on to agree with the idea that if this agent regresses fibrosis in some cases but halts progression in most or all, it might become a valuable part of a combination therapy that includes other agents with a stronger effect against steatosis than fibrosis. Thinking from a patient perspective, Louise notes that consensus reads should give the patient greater confidence in the results. In terms of confidence and border reads, Stephen points out that some of the presentations at the recent ILC2022 meeting that drugs that have an impact on NASH might also affect liver volume. (He notes that the open-label cirrhotic cohort of the resmetirom trial MAESTRO-NAFLD 1 also showed spleen volume reduction and an inverse effect on platelet count.) Setting aside the cirrhosis results, he notes that if we start to measure liver volume when conducting biopsies, we can correct estimates of the impact of fibrosis to account for changes in "what we see" based on changes in liver volume. As the conversation ends, he notes that this might be a fruitful topic for future research that can translate into patient treatment.

S3-E36.3 - REGENERATE Redux: Safety and Tolerability With Obeticholic Acid

Play Episode Listen Later Jul 16, 2022 12:44

On July 7, Intercept Pharmaceuticals released new results from the continuation of the REGENERATE trial and announced their intent to file a new NDA for obeticholic acid (OCA) in NASH fibrosis. In this conversation, Stephen Harrison leads Jörn Schattenberg, Louise Campbell and Roger Green in examining how the larger sample and longer time patients were on therapy changed the safety and tolerability profile from the initial analysis.After reviewing the four key points from Intercept's press release, Stephen Harrison kicks off this conversation by discussing the safety evaluation, which included a far larger population with significantly longer exposure to study drug. After describing the enriched population, he quotes from the press release, "Emergent adverse events treatment, emergent serious adverse events, and deaths were generally balanced across the OTC and placebo treatment groups." He goes on to cite the considerable differences in pruritus across groups (22% in placebo, 33% in 10mg and 55% in 25mg), share the comment that most discontinuation stemmed from pruritus, note that gall bladder-related events occurred in less than 3% of patients and, finally, that OCA 25mg had a higher rate of biliary events. He then asked the rest of the group for comments.Jörn commented first, noting that this was mostly "recapitulated" data, but with a much broader set of subjects. Because risk:benefit ratio was perceived as the pivotal issue around the time of the original Complete Response Letter (CRL), he describes the data as improved "by a lot."Louise describes as "reassuring" the idea that the NASH dose could be so much higher than the approved PBC dose (25mg vs. 5 or 10mg) but not demonstrate additional safety concerns. She goes on to declare that practices planning to use OCA should be "planning pathways into delivery" in anticipation that the high level of pruritus will lead to a significant set of discontinuation with a careful approach to patient orientation and management. Roger shared his recollection that increases in LDL levels and the implicit associated cardiovascular risk were major issues in the negative risk:benefit assessment, but that this analysis appears to report that levels returned to normal within the first year of treatment. This might increase chances for approval.At this point, Stephen reads the press release carefully to identify potential safety hazards that are not addressed directly in the document, although, as he notes, one can fit only so much into a press release. As the conversation ends, Stephen asks Jörn if he has "ongoing lingering questions". Jörn notes that he wondered how the reads were done and that he also looked for LDL data. He makes a few other points, but suspects that they may have been covered in the 2019 paper.

safety fda acid redux nda otc intercept ldl emergent oca regenerate pbc fibrosis tolerability histopathology stephen harrison louise campbell

S3-E25 - Crystal Ball Looks at Drug Development and the NASH Pipeline

phase fda pipeline crystal balls intercept madrigal drug development fatty liver histopathology stephen harrison

Play Episode Listen Later May 19, 2022 100:12

This week, NASH Tsunami responds to listeners who have asked "Where are the episodes on drug development?" by asking Stephen Harrison to lead a review of the NASH pipeline.Stephen starts by noting that the mechanics of the drug development pathway, which we discussed earlier this year in the context of NASH-TAG and strategies on how to shift away from traditional metrics, remain what they have been: same conditional endpoints (fibrosis improvement without worsening NASH or NASH resolution without worsening fibrosis, or improving both) and the same need for biopsy read as is has been. Stephen explains the difference between dual primary endpoints and co-primary endpoints in the context of a recent announcement from Madrigal. From there, he goes on to list the various drugs and modes of action in different stages of development, starting with the five agents in Phase 3, then working his way back through the Phase 2b studies to discuss some of the more significant or interesting agents earlier in development. One interesting point Stephen raises is that clinical development for obeticholic acid, the Intercept drug that FDA failed to approve, continues. By now, he notes we have data on over 2,000 patients and a significant number of patients that have been studied for over four years. Jörn Schattenberg registers his excitement at the size of this population and the wealth of data they offer researchers. Throughout this discussion of ongoing research, including not only Intercept but the length of some of the resmetirom studies, Stephen notes that NASH drug development is very much a work in process. Led by Stephen, the group goes on to consider what our failures to date have taught us about doing drug development better, a phenomenon that Stephen, Jörn and Louise all note makes them hopeful for the future. Stephen specifically notes that drug developers and researchers alike have broadened their ambitions from simply reducing fibrosis and liver fat to being part of a total metabolic solution that includes diabetes, obesity and cardiovascular health along with liver. Before leaving the conversation, Stephen notes the critical need to improvement diversity of clinical trial populations and notes that while it may take some years, he sees the future of patient treatment as lying in combination therapy. After Stephen leaves, the discussion shifts slightly, with more focus on cirrhosis, the reasons for drug development and increasing optimism that the drug development community is on the right path. Toward the end, the discussion turns to consider quality of life, which if affected negatively by Fatty Liver disease. Jörn notes that it could serve as the third leg of a stool or tripod to pull NASH drugs over the line. Roger suggests the possibility that a lot of antidepressants are being prescribed for patients who would feel better with less fatty livers. On that optimistic note, the group provides final answers about the most striking part of the episode and departs to live another week.This episode is sponsored by Madrigal Pharmaceuticals. Today's extra-sode is a summary of Madrigal's disease-focused presentation at the recent CLDF LiverConnect meeting.

S3-E22.4 - Previewing the 5th Global NASH Congress: Summing Up

global congress previewing summing drug development ian rowe histopathology louise campbell

Play Episode Listen Later May 1, 2022 13:50

The 5th Global NASH Congress will take place in London (in person only) on May 27 and 28. Louise Campbell and scientist/entrepreneur Rachel Zayas, who will cover the Congress for NASH Tsunami, join Ian Rowe and regulars Jörn Schattenberg and Roger Green to discuss some key papers and issues covered there. This episode focuses on a range of topics: the importance of weight loss, the challenges of histology and how to overcome them in drug development, and what panelists hope to take away from this meeting.

S3-E14.5 - Improving Ballooned Hepatocyte Analysis Through Artificial Intelligence

ai artificial intelligence improving phase drs nafld mazen varices histopathology galectin

Play Episode Listen Later Mar 14, 2022 42:21

The episode and this conversation is sponsored by HistoIndex. This specific conversation focuses on ways and AI-assistive technologies and analyses can improve our abilities to assess efficacy in drugs that treat advanced fibrosis and cirrhosis.For this extrasode, HistoIndex Chief Scientific Officer Dean Tai joins Quentin Anstee, Mazen Noureddin, Joern Schattenberg and Roger Green to discuss how AI-based algorithms can support improved analysis of ballooned hepatocyte changes both in advanced fibrosis and cirrhosis patients.The rest of the conversation probes how this work will affect diagnosis and drug development, what other tests panelists can foresee and areas where Histoindex is looking to create new algorithms and improve existing ones.This conversation starts with Histoindex Chief Scientific Officer Dean Tai discussing the approach his company takes to AI-assisted hepatopathology. Dean starts by discussing briefly how staining, which is extremely helpful when the goal is to define the individual patient, becomes one more source of error in the more quantitative approach necessary for drug trials. He goes on to point out that while they can achieve 90% success in reproducing an individual coder's result using AI, their goal is to achieve 99% success. He finishes by defining the goal as "majority-agreed hepatocytes," hepatocytes where 5 or more of the 9 pathologists in the initial exercise agreed that a hepatocyte had ballooned. As Dean puts it, with ballooned hepatocytes, "you are really trying to identify bad apples from all apples," not "oranges from apples."In explaining the Histoindex approach, Dean describes some pathologists as "under-callers" who identify relatively few ballooned cells and others as "over-callers" who identify far more cells. The primary difference between the two groups was how large they needed a cell to be before they classed it as "ballooned."Because these differences were systematic and structural, Quentin questions whether we can ever "train" consistent responses. He suggests that consistency will grow for a while but then coders will revert more to their historical patterns. In response to a question from Mazen, Quentin goes on to note that the number of pathologists necessary to validate a ballooned cell will vary inversely with the number of cells identified. For example, a model based on 7-member agreement produces results that are more specific, less sensitive. A model based on 3-member agreement would produce more sensitivity, less specificity. As a result, the team settled on 5 (majority of 9) as the best-rounded number. Mazen responds that for drug trials, being more specific is preferable because it creates a better chance for the drug to appear efficacious when it is.The panelists go on to note that this tool is extremely helpful today in Phase 2, but not in Phase 3 and Dean explains some of the concepts Histoindex is working on to support future use in Phase 3 trials.At that point, the conversation shifts to having Mazen discuss his work in cirrhosis. Going back through historic work, and particularly separate work from Drs. Garcia-Tsao and Younossi, Mazen identified three features to track: septal thickness, nodular features and fibrosis area (the SNOF score). Using these metrics Mazen sought data from the Galectin trials because these were among the few trials that measures portal pressures. The Galectin data allowed researchers to correlate these kinds of measures to a 20% change in portal pressures. This score wound up being reliable in detecting portal hypertension and in two particularly pivotal measures: detecting presence of varices and changes of greater than 20% in portal pressures.

S3-E14.3 - Systematic Flaws in Semi-Quantitative Ballooned Hepatocyte Analysis

conversations ai artificial intelligence phase semi flaws systematic quantitative brunt nafld histopathology stephen harrison louise campbell

Play Episode Listen Later Mar 13, 2022 13:46

One major discussion at NASH-TAG this year was about the inconsistency in ballooned hepatocyte identification and how this inconsistency inflates screen fail rates and possibly placebo response across studies. This conversation is part of a thorough exploration of this issue.This conversation starts with Roger Green asking Stephen Harrison how clinical trial analysis might change for the better pending implementation of what researchers learned in this study. Stephen suggests that the area in greatest need of improvement is efficacy analysis at the back end of clinical trials. Specifically Stephen notes that variability in placebo response rates is the single largest factor determining which Phase 2b and Phase 3 trials are deemed success or failure. He asks whether there is a way to correlate the AI assessment of ballooned hepatocyte improvement to changes in fibrosis and, separately, whether we should be looking at more tissue. Stephen notes that the present approach has led us to kill good drugs due to analytical error. Louise Campbell agrees and makes a different point, which is that over time, exhaustion leads to consistent changes in the ways experts evaluate data. Quentin takes Louise's point as an interesting question about controlling for intra-rater variability. After some interplay, Stephen discusses how he was trained to read slides (by Dr. Brunt, lead author on this paper). He was taught first to get an overall feel for whether the slide architecture looks like NASH before scouring for ballooned hepatocytes. Quentin notes that the AI methodology (qBallooning2) incorporates some assessment of fibrosis into the identification of balloon cells.The episode and this conversation are sponsored by HistoIndex. Conversation 14.5 is a discussion of how artificial intelligence driven assistive technology can improve the consistency of ballooned hepatocyte scoring in advanced fibrosis and support development of robust outcomes for fibrosis studies.

S3-E14.4 - Ballooned Hepatocyte Analysis and Reassessing Drug Development

conversations ai artificial intelligence reassessing drug development nafld histopathology stephen harrison

Play Episode Listen Later Mar 13, 2022 11:58

One major discussion at NASH-TAG this year was about the inconsistency in ballooned hepatocyte identification and how this inconsistency inflates screen fail rates and possibly placebo response across studies. This conversation is part of a thorough exploration of this issue.This conversation starts with Roger Green wrapping up the earlier discussion of the relationship between holistic NASH assessment and ballooned hepatocyte scoring by saying it is not surprising that fibrosis is an element in ballooned cell scoring, given that pathologists start with a holistic assessment and work back from there.Jörn Schattenberg asks Quentin Anstee to comment on Stephen Harrison's proposal to use 3 slides for H & E reads. After discussing a different strategy ("keep reading until you see enough cells"), Quentin suggests a protocol with a constant, relatively small number of slides for each case. Roger then asks Quentin how many ballooned cells might appear on a single slide; Quentin answers that this is a challenging question but on the slide where everyone saw the most ballooned cells, the number scored by an individual pathologist ranged from 45 to 225. After Louise Campbell comments on the need to make the best possible use of tissue out of respect to the patient who is donating the biopsy, Roger asks a final question: a year or two from now, what is likely to be different and what can we aspire to be different as a result of this study. Quentin would like to see ballooned hepatocyte assessment move from a "Yes/No" assessment to a continuous assessment of volume and would like to see regulators recognize the role and value of AI-assistive technologies in drug development. Mazen Noureddin concurs and goes on to ask what we might expect in terms of changes in the screen fail rate. In different ways and with different nuances, Jörn, Louise and Roger concur as well.The episode and this conversation are sponsored by HistoIndex. Conversation 14.5 is a discussion of how artificial intelligence driven assistive technology can improve the consistency of ballooned hepatocyte scoring in advanced fibrosis and support development of robust outcomes for fibrosis studies.

S3-E14.1 - How Ballooned Hepatocyte Analytics Weaken NASH Clinical Trials

conversations artificial intelligence analytics nas clinical trials kappa weaken nafld concordance stephen harrison histopathology

Play Episode Listen Later Mar 12, 2022 14:23

One major discussion at NASH-TAG this year was about the inconsistency in ballooned hepatocyte identification and how this inconsistency inflates screen fail rates and possibly placebo response across studies.This conversation explores that issue in detail. It begins with Quentin Anstee eloquently laying out the challenge that led to this study and the approach it took.The challenge: recent studies have produce Kappa values for coding NAS scores in the 0.55 - 0.60 range. These scores suggests a level of error-related noise that might swamp a signal that a drug actually works.The solution: nine of the world's leading hepatopathologists (who, Quentin notes, were "amazingly generous with their time") scored ten different liver biopsies by drawing circles around the slides they determined were ballooned cells and then repeated the process 90 days later in a different order, with some mirrored or rotated.First finding: Concordance was "relatively modest." There was only one slide in the entire exercise where all nine pathologists found a ballooned hepatocyte. This clearly suggested that relying on a measure of the number of ballooned cells on a slide as a measure of disease was likely to produce inconsistent results due to what Quentin describes as "the lack of a common vocabulary" or vision between the pathologists.After noting how small a sample a single cell was, Stephen Harrison asks whether we would be served better if we evaluated the volume of ballooned cells on a slide, rather than the absolute number.As the conversation ends, Quentin notes analyzing a slide looking for ballooned cell is a much more complex procedure than nonhepatologists previously appreciated. He suggests that if we are looking for an analysis that is quantitative and consistent, volume may provide more robust results than looking at an actual number.The episode and this conversation are sponsored by HistoIndex. Conversation 14.5 is a discussion of how artificial intelligence driven assistive technology can improve the consistency of ballooned hepatocyte scoring in advanced fibrosis and support development of robust outcomes for fibrosis studies.

S3-E14.2 - Can We Manage Statistical Error in Ballooned Hepatocyte Analysis Better?

conversations ai artificial intelligence manage nas error statistical nis nafld histopathology

Play Episode Listen Later Mar 12, 2022 12:45

One major discussion at NASH-TAG this year was about the inconsistency in ballooned hepatocyte identification and how this inconsistency inflates screen fail rates and possibly placebo response across studies.This conversation is part of a thorough exploration of this issue. It starts with Mazen Noureddin raising two questions about the entire subject of ballooned hepatocyte scoring in NAS assessment: should we use it at all, and if we should, should we move immediately to AI as the key to analysis?Quentin provides nuanced answers to both questions. On the issue of ballooned hepatocytes, he notes that these were originally designated to characterize individual patients, not to create semi-quantitative scores. Today, he notes, we are asking far more of ballooned hepatocyte assessment than it was designed to do. On the issue of AI, Quentin notes his care to use the phrase "AI-assisted tehcnology," that we need pathologists to confirm that what the patient has is, in fact, NAFLd instead of, for example, autoimmune hepatitis. Once that is proven, then we can ask AI to provide a more quantiatively consistent assessment.Jörn Schattenberg begins his comments by noting and agreeing with the idea that we are asking more of ballooned hepatocyte assessment than it was designed to do. He proceeds to ask whether we can augment hepatocyte analysis with a liquid biomarker or with a different stain.Quentin suggests that the solution will not lie in stains. The idea or liquid biomarkers is more promising, but first we will need to reduce error in the assessment and then focus our attention on biomarkers (he mentions NIS-4) that were designed to assess hepatocytes.Roger Green finishes this conversation by noting the the phrase "semi-quantitative" itself invites analytical error. We power studies assuming that the important error is statistical and can be resolved by sample size, whereas the bigger challenge is in the qualitative assessment of the slides. If qualitative variability is dramatic, as it is here, it will dwarf statistical error and mean that all samples are underpowered. Roger concludes by asking whether we should forestall major shifts until we understand how much we can reduce analytical error through AI assistance. Quentin concurs.The episode and this conversation are sponsored by HistoIndex. Conversation 14.5 is a discussion of how artificial intelligence driven assistive technology can improve the consistency of ballooned hepatocyte scoring in advanced fibrosis and support development of robust outcomes for fibrosis studies.

S3-E14 - NAS Scores and the Challenge of Complex Ballooned Hepatocytes

ai complex scores distinction nimble nafld litmus histopathology stephen harrison eastern daylight time

Play Episode Listen Later Mar 10, 2022 94:22

One major discussion at NASH-TAG this year was about the inconsistency in ballooned hepatocyte identification and how this inconsistency inflates screen fail rates and possibly placebo response across studies. This episode explores that issue in detail.The episode is sponsored by HistoIndex. At the back of the episode is a discussion of how artificial intelligence driven assistive technology can improve the consistency of ballooned hepatocyte scoring in advanced fibrosis and support development of robust outcomes for fibrosis studies.This conversation includes three of the paper's authors, including last author Quentin Anstee. The conversation starts with Professor Anstee discussing how the paper came to be. He quickly jumps into the meet of the discussion, which is the relatively low concordance between highly skilled world class hepatopathologists over how many ballooned hepatocytes they see on a slide of a patient who might have NASH. The results suggested significant differences between two world-class hepatopathologists looking at the same slide in terms of the presence and significance of hepatocytes. The next stage of the episode consists of other panelists praising the study while asking questions about its implications. Stephen Harrison asks how we can take these findings into drug development. Mazen Noureddin asks whether these results suggest either that we should question using ballooned hepatocytes in drug development or, more likely, we should shift immediately to an AI-mediated solution to get more consistent results. Jörn Schattenberg asks whether liquid biopsies would improve prediction and, presciently, whether we are asking more from liver histology than it can deliver. This points to a pivotal issue: liver histology was developed initially to characterize individual patients qualitatively. Today, we call these findings "semi-quantitative" and use them to analyze trial results.Two problems: the error embedded in the differences between how two pathologists would interpret the same slide is far greater than the sampling error, leading us to undersample and overinterpret. Second, we try to "prove" the value of blood-based biomarkers and AI-based assistive technologies by comparing them to something that is deeply flawed in the first place.The extrasode discusses how HistoIndex used created the qBallooning2 analysis to improve the common identification of ballooned hepatocytes in patients with advanced fibrosis. In addition, Mazen Nourediin discussed his AASLD Poster of Distinction from 2022, which looks at ways that artificial intelligence techniques can support more robust analysis of improved outcomes in patients with cirrhosis.In the end, though, no 4,000 character summary can do this episode justice. To fully get the impact of this critically important discussion, plan to listen at least twice. Listen to the first part to comprehend the scope of the issue around ballooned hepatocytes and the challenges it causes, and the second part to learn how inventive data scientists can create better solutions by processing large amounts of data and being willing to challenge historical assumptions. NOTE: HistoIndex is sponsoring a complementary webinar, Deciphering NASH: Fibrosis Dynamics in Cirrhotic Patients and Insights into Ballooned Hepatocytes using AI, at 11:00 am Eastern Daylight Time on Tuesday, March 23. For more information, visit the event website at https://www.global-engage.com/event/nash-data-on-fibrosis-and-ballooning-using-ai/.

S3-E11.2 - NAIL-NIT and the Challenges of Histopathology

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Play Episode Listen Later Feb 19, 2022 12:52

NAIL-NIT is both a response to the challenges of histopathology and an effort to create a different vision of testing liver patients.This episode starts with Stephen Harrison describing the events that came to demonstrate how challenging current histopathology approaches: a series of drug development failures that reflect shortcomings in methodology rather than in the developmental drugs themselves. Sen Sundaram notes that the difference between the NAIL-NIT approach and that of other consortia is that NAIL-NIT seeks to link NITs directly to outcomes rather than correlating them to histopathology-based measures. Mazen Noureddin discussed the frequency at which patients with obvious NASH and fibrosis fail to screen into studies due to inability to find balloon hepatocytes in the biopsy-derived slides and raises the human ethical implications of excluding these patients. Amy Articolo encourages us to envision a future in which drugs are available to treat patients and make sure we have the best possible testing to diagnose and prescribe the proper therapeutic regimens to patients. From there, the discuss shifts as Stephen Harrison and Sen Sundaram discuss the quality of data existing today that links NITs directly to outcomes. Sen notes that "if we think about the amount of data that we have" for NITs and outcomes, "we probably have more data now than is cited to support histopathology in a current guidance."

Introduction to Melanoma

First Incision

Play Episode Listen Later Feb 14, 2022 32:22

This week's episode introduces us to the topic of melanoma We cover: - Risk factors- Precursor lesions- Histopathology and important histopathological features related to poor prognosis - Melanoma types and their appearance including superficial spreading, nodular, lentigo maligna melanoma, acral lentiginous, and desmoplastic - Workup including excisional biopsy and when to stage patients- Staging with AJCC 8th edition TNM staging classification - When to perform sentinel lymph node biopsy and lymph node dissection Keep an eye out for next week's episode where we talk about management of melanoma!DisclaimerThe information in this podcast is intended as a revision aid for the purposes of the General Surgery Fellowship Exam.This information is not to be considered to include any recommendations or medical advice by the author or publisher or any other person. The listener should conduct and rely upon their own independent analysis of the information in this document.The author provides no guarantees or assurances in relation to any connection between the content of this podcast and the general surgical fellowship exam. No responsibility or liability is accepted by the author in relation to the performance of any person in the exam. This podcast is not a substitute for candidates undertaking their own preparations for the exam.To the maximum extent permitted by law, no responsibility or liability is accepted by the author or publisher or any other person as to the adequacy, accuracy, correctness, completeness or reasonableness of this information, including any statements or information provided by third parties and reproduced or referred to in this document. To the maximum extent permitted by law, no responsibility for any errors in or omissions from this document, whether arising out of negligence or otherwise, is accepted.The information contained in this podcast has not been independently verified.© Amanda Nikolic 2022

risk staging melanoma precursor tnm workup histopathology ajcc

#5 Oscar Brück: Machine learning in histopathology

Trainee Pearls

Play Episode Listen Later Feb 4, 2022 32:32

Histopathology is elementary in the diagnostics of patients with MDS, but its high-dimensional data are underused. By elucidating the association of morphologic features with clinical variables and molecular genetics, this study highlights the vast potential of convolutional neural networks in understanding MDS pathology and how genetics is reflected in BM morphology. Article: https://bloodcancerdiscov.aacrjournals.org/content/2/3/238

machine learning bm mds histopathology

Episode with Ryan Clark MD

Diversify In Path

Play Episode Listen Later Jan 27, 2022 48:38

Hi friends, this is Dr. Michael Williams and welcome back to another episode of the diversify in path podcast. This podcast explores how investing in diversity can lead to a high return of investment in pathology and laboratory medicine by learning from the knowledge and experiences of diverse voices within our field. My next guest is Dr. Ryan ClarkDr. Clark is a Foundation Year 2 Doctor (two years post-graduation from medical school) in Glasgow, Scotland. He is also an Honorary Clinical Fellow in Medical Education and Histopathology at the University of Glasgow. In his clinical and academic practice, Ryan utilizes his experiences as a low SES, LGBTQIA+, disabled person to enhance the work that he does. He also works as part of the Diversity Network at the Royal College of Pathologists to help make pathology the most inclusive place it can be. Twitter: Ryan Clark (@RyanCla60282460) / Twitter

university doctors scotland glasgow lgbtqia ses royal college medical education pathologists ryan clark michael williams histopathology

Episode 7: Histopathology II

The Pathology Grand Tour

Play Episode Listen Later Jan 11, 2022 23:15

Mei Lin Bissonnette is Clinical Associate Professor at the University of British Columbia and Director of the BC Provincial Renal Pathology Laboratory, St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.Hayley Pincott is Associate Practitioner in the Oral Pathology and Microbiology department at Cardiff and Vale University Health Board, Cardiff, UK.

S3-E1 - Previewing NASH-TAG 2022: Are we Ready To Pivot On Testing Methods like Histopathology?

Digital Pathology Podcast

Play Episode Listen Later Jan 5, 2022 51:49

In advance of NASH-TAG 2022 this weekend, Jörn Schattenberg joins the Surfers to answer a key conference question: are we ready to pivot toward non-invasive tests and better uses of histopathology? The group explores a range of questions and ideas that are likely to emerge during Saturday night's fireside chats.The group explores a range of questions and ideas that are likely to emerge during Saturday night's fireside chats. Highlights include:7:03 – Stephen Harrison begins to discuss NASH-TAG 20227:45 – Jörn Schattenberg: we're not ready to move beyond biopsy in 2022. Hope that we will bring forward the right program by end of year8:31 – Roger agrees8:43 – Stephen agrees, but looks to determine how to resolve pivotal challenges9:46 – Stephen lists discussants for the fireside chats, including regulators, researchers and industry representatives10:30 – Stephen lists key topics for his talk on non-cirrhotic trial endpoints11:37 – Stephen lists “hurdles” biopsy "needs to overcome" 12:40 – Stephen's key issue for histopathology : why we only score one H&E and one tri-chrome read per sample. He suggests three H & E and promises to reveal data on this in his talk.15:08 – Jörn: "Why three?” 16:08 – Stephen: no magic, three non-contiguous reads “just makes sense.” The goal is to is to find ballooned hepatocytes or clustering, which might not appear in one slide but will frequently elsewhere in the sample.18:11 – Stephen: choose the slide with the strongest presence of disease18:47 – Key benefit: we screen fail fewer people on ballooned hepatocytes19:59 – Potential secondary benefit: reducing resolution scores in the placebo group21:09 – Stephen: three companies looking at this. All see a major difference.21:29 – Stephen: there are commercial issues as well: high screen fail rates inflate costs and take lots of time. This approach will save money and time.24:13 – Stephen: I like Jörn's idea about using AI here. It will enhance reproducibility.24:52 – Stephen: another issue is the shift from one to multiple pathologists. Multiple pathologists turns out to drive screen fail rate higher. We need something to counter that.26:49 – Louise Campbell: getting more tissue is beneficial for the patient27:52 – Louise: a lot of NIT evaluation comes from pairing to biopsy samples. The more samples, the more opportunity to test NITs.29:14 – Stephen shifts to getting beyond the biopsy. FDA issue: link an NIT to outcome. The cirrhosis chat gives us our first shot on goal.30:55 – Stephen: one challenge with non-cirrhotics is that NITs are not included in the major Phase 3 trials32:07 – Jörn: this is a pivotal issue and NASH-TAG is the right place to discuss it33:33 – Louise: consider quality-of-life as a high value outcome measure33:57 – Jörn: how do we explore stabilization of disease with NITs?34:31 – Stephen: all these are reasons to “set the stage” with cirrhotic cohorts first, learn the lessons, then extend to non-cirrhotics37:56 – Closing question: what will make 2022 successful to you in terms of moving this agenda forward?38:17 – Jörn: data from the consortia38:50 – Stephen: a clear idea of what will get us to a surrogate endpoint with NITs. Until then. improve histopathology practices.39:54 – Louise: anything with histopathology that leads us toward NITs is good. Also, we will need to do more remotely as long as COVID keeps rearing its head.40:51 – Roger: let's learn more and make two cases one on economics and the other on data quality41:17 – Stephen: one more thing: better economics and stronger data will motivate Big Pharma to invest43:53 – Stephen: at the end of the day, it's all about economics44:53 – Roger: burnt money feels wasted, makes study investment feel like an expense46:09 – Stephen: listen for more Saturday night47:16 – Business report

5 ways to make histopathology image models more robust to domain shift w/ Heather Couture, Pixel Scientia Labs

Play Episode Listen Later Dec 29, 2021 16:32 Transcription Available

In this episode, we talk with Heather Couture about how to make deep learning models for tissue image analysis more robust to domain shift. Supervised deep learning has made a strong mark in the histopathology image analysis space, however, this is a data-centric approach. We train the image analysis solution on whole slide images and want them to perform on other whole slide images - images we did not train on. The assumption is that the new images will be similar to the ones we train the image analysis solution on, but how similar do they need to be? And what is domain and domain shift?Domain: a group of similar whole slide images (WSI). E.g., WSIs coming from the same scanner or coming from the same lab. We train our deep learning model on these WSIs, so we call it our source domain. We later want to use this model and target a different group of images, e.g. images from a different scanner or a different lab - our target domain.When applying a model trained on a source domain to a target domain we shift the domain and the domain shift can have consequences for the model performance. Because of the differences in the images the model usually performs worse...How can we prevent it or minimize the damage?Listen to Heather explain the following 5 ways to handle the domain shift:Standardize the appearance of your images with stain normalization techniquesColor augmentation during training to take advantage of variations in stainingDomain adversarial training to learn domain-invariant featuresAdapt the model at test time to handle the new image distributionFinetune the model on the target domainClick here to read Heather's full article on making histopathology image analysis models more robust to domain shift.Visit Pixel Scientia Labs here.And listen to our previous episode titled "Why machine learning expertise is needed for digital pathology projects" here to learn more about the subjects and learn how Heather and her company can help.

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Circulating Plasma Biomarkers in Human Kidney Disease

Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (CJASN)

Play Episode Listen Later Dec 28, 2021 3:36

Dr. Insa Schmidt provides a summary of her study "Circulating Plasma Biomarkers in Biopsy-Confirmed Kidney Disease," on behalf of her colleagues.

plasma biomarkers kidney disease circulating proteomics histopathology

S2-E62.1 - SurfingNASH's 2021 NAFLD year-in-review Covers AI in Histopathology

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Play Episode Listen Later Dec 23, 2021 32:13

This conversation is part of SurfingNASH's 2021 NAFLD Year-In-Review. Dr. Mazen Noureddin, Director of the Fatty Liver Program at Cedars Sinai, Los Angeles, joins Louise Campbell and Roger Green to discuss advances in AI in histopathology.Mazen Noureddin notes that while non-invasive tests are important and likely to become more so over time, drug development today will need to rely on AI to interpret and ultimately improve histology reads. One benefit he notes is the ability of AI reads to reveal differences between cirrhosis patients in terms of percentage of liver that is F4 vs. F3. In one study, AI also reduced the percent efficacy in a placebo group when compared to human readers. Mazen raises the pivotal question, "When are we going to use these AI techniques in clinical trials?" He and Louise Campbell suggest that we might have enough confidence today to analyze via AI, if only to compare results to what traditional, error-ridden approaches. He notes thats Louise suggests strongly that adopting the Ishak score might be a good way to go. Ultimately, Mazen suggests we can detect more liver features and also clarify unclear results.

Episode 6: Histopathology, Part 1

The Pathology Grand Tour

Play Episode Listen Later Dec 21, 2021 29:27

Rajendra Singh is Professor of Dermatology and Pathology, Director of Dermatopathology, and Associate Chair of Digital Pathology at Northwell Health, New York, USA. He is also the Founder of PathPresenter Corporation. He can be found on Twitter at @mydermpath and @pathpresenter.Melanie Bois is Consultant in the Division of Anatomic Pathology and Assistant Professor of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology at Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA. She can be found on Twitter at @MelanieBoisMD.Join us back on the tour bus on January 11, 2022, for the next stop in our two-episode, histopathology special!

Precision Medicine in Oncology: Ep.6 Biomarker testing in metastatic colorectal cancer – mismatch repair and beyond

IMPACT Medicom

Play Episode Listen Later Nov 26, 2021 31:46

Welcome to episode 6 of IMPACT Medicom's podcast series on Precision Medicine in Oncology. In this episode Dr. Gonzalez discusses testing methodology, particularly for mismatch repair deficiency, as well as potential emerging biomarkers for metastatic colorectal cancer. Our Guest: Dr. Raul Gonzalez is an Associate Professor of Pathology at Harvard Medical School and the Director of Gastrointestinal Pathology at Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center in Boston, Massachusetts. Dr. Gonzalez is a surgical pathologist specializing in gastrointestinal pathology. He is the Editor- in-Chief of Pathology Outlines and the Reviews Editor for Histopathology. He also serves as the Vice Chair for the College of American Pathologists Surgical Pathology Committee and the Website Committee Chair for the Hans Popper Hepatopathology Society.This podcast episode was sponsored by Merck Canada.If you enjoy our podcast, please review and subscribe. For more podcasts and other medical education content, visit our website at: https://www.impactmedicom.com

S2-E51.3 - More from Paris NASH: Overcoming Histopathology's flaws

overcoming flaws precision medicine fatty liver nafld cirrhosis fibrosis pharmacogenomics diagnostic tests scott friedman histopathology stephen harrison

Play Episode Listen Later Oct 24, 2021 14:42

The entire panel enters a discussion around histopathology's shortcomings, ranging from the fact that the NAFLD Activity score does not correlate with liver function to inconsistencies in reading all elements of biopsy.This conversation revolves around the challenges posed by histopathology's flaws. Scott Friedman reminds us that NAFLD Activity scores do not correlate with outcomes, Roger Green reminds us that coder reliability scores would not be accepted in marketing research and Stephen Harrison describes the impact of these flaws on investors and drug/device companies. In the end, Scott provides a peak at some of the topics his lab is exploring and the entire panel discusses what they consider key takeaways from this engrossing episode.

S2-E51 - Precision medicine, Fibrosis, Liver Function and the Future: a Discussion With Scott Friedman

Play Episode Listen Later Oct 21, 2021 59:54

Scott Friedman, the "Father of Fibrosis", and Jörn Schattenberg join the Surfers to discuss Scott's recent Paris NASH and National Liver Congress talks on Precision Medicine, imaging and liver function.Scott Friedman's Paris NASH talk on Precision Medicine made a strong impression on Stephen and Jörn, along with our listeners. The conversation summary of that talk and Lars Johansson's (S2 E46.2) is the largest conversation and third largest post in the history of the podcast.Scott joined us to discuss precision medicine, imaging, stellate cells and an array of additional topics. Highlights include:4:08 – Scott Friedman discusses his career in studying fibrosis, stellate cells and a range of other liver function issues9:13 – Session icebreakers: Scott's fun fact and everyone's good thing from the past week12:46 – Stephen Harrison introduces Scott by discussing what he learned at Paris NASH16:00 – Scott begins his remarks and goes on to discuss Precision Medicine in the context of liver disease19:02 – Why it means so much that precision medicine includes precision of therapies19:39 – How the stellate cell got its name21:04 –The power of technologies lies in single cell sequencing and analyses, and what it means for “us stellate cell geeks”23:49 – The importance of senescent stellate cells24:45 – An exciting future for CAR-T cells25:40 – Jörn Schattenberg asks whether and how we can target drug therapies to specific patients26:38 – Scott: Pharmacogenomics are the “known” part of how precision might affect prescribing and drug selection in the future27:46 – The importance of endophenotypes: liver samples look the same under the microscope may reflect quite different causes of disease28:50 – The ambitious effort to develop software that takes the mass of patient information and distills it into a clear picture and simple recommendation30:02 – Stephen: do we know enough to target therapies to specific types of patients31:14 – Scott: What we know about PNPLA3 cells, their variants and patient diagnosis and treatment is a good example of what we can learn over time32:08 – Does part of the solution lie in pinpointing how a cell signals distress?33:16 – The significant role imaging can play in improving precision34:25 – Implications of precision medicine for drug development, and how being “yoked to biopsy” and the NAFLD Activity Score hold us back38:18 – Should we focus our endpoints more on liver function?39:38 – Is biopsy the “Premarin of diagnostics” – so highly and unreliably variable that we cannot replicate results?41:04 – Getting beyond the biopsy: the imperative, the path and the two major challenges44:02 – Putting existing tissue samples to better use: availability of sample, past discussions, potential solutions, practical considerations48:06 – “Very cool” research “cooking” in Scott's lab49:02 – The importance of mentorship49:24 – “Final question” to wrap up session52:52 – Scott: there are good reasons for optimism in our history55:21 – Business section

The Pathology Grand Tour

Play Episode Listen Later Oct 12, 2021 0:54

Do you know your way around the lab – and what your colleagues do day in and day out? Join us on The Pathology Grand Tour to hear about the work of pathologists and laboratory medicine professionals in a wide range of disciplines – and how their work interacts with yours!

S2-E48.3 - Closing thoughts on Summer: Looking From a Patient-Based Perspective

patients testing closing thoughts biggest stories patient advocacy nafld diagnostic tests mazen stephen harrison histopathology louise campbell

Play Episode Listen Later Oct 3, 2021 13:45

Mazen Noureddin joins Stephen Harrison, Louise Campbell and Roger Green to close our series of "Biggest Stories of NASH Summer." In this conversation, Louise Campbell raises two very different points about the earlier conversation.Louise's first point has to do with steps taken to maintain compliance with clinical trials and whether researchers can analyze these in a way that will help front-line treaters understand what are keys to patient pharmaco-adherence. This leads to a conversation about why trials are managed the way they are and what it is reasonable to expect from front-line practices. Louise's second point asks us all to envision the biopsy the patient provides as a "gift" and to consider how we might treat samples differently if we viewed them that way. The conversation circles back to Stephen's multiple sample slide idea, with Stephen and Mazen discussing what the impact of this approach might be in terms of screen fail rate and placebo response. Finally, Stephen makes predictions for the Ole Miss - Alabama football game, which will have occurred by the time you listen.

S2-E48.2 - Closing Thoughts On Summer: More on FGF-21s and A Topical "Hijacking"

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Play Episode Listen Later Oct 2, 2021 12:25

Mazen Noureddin joins Stephen Harrison, Louise Campbell and Roger Green to close our series of "Biggest Stories of NASH Summer." In this conversation, Stephen Harrison starts by discussing some issues and insights around the use of FGF-21s and then "hijacks" the conversation to explore a standard practice in histopathology that he would like to change.This conversation starts with Stephen talking about the differences between FGF-21s and discussing why these results are so compelling. He asks Mazen to comment on how he expects to use FGF-21s in practice and Mazen provides a thoughtful, nuanced reply.At this point, Stephen shifts gears to ask why we do not produce more slides from a given liver sample. He and Mazen agree that they have wondered about this for a while and believe it would strengthen results. Speaking from more of a straight statistical perspective, Roger Green agrees.

S2-E48 - Closing Thoughts On an Eventful NASH Summer

Yale Cancer Center Answers

Play Episode Listen Later Sep 30, 2021 50:47

Mazen Noureddin joins Stephen Harrison, Louise Campbell and Roger Green to close our series of "Biggest Stories of NASH Summer" with his own unique slant on recent events and publications.Mazen's take on the 'Biggest Stories of NASH Summer" integrates the content of papers, the journals in which they were published and the attention they received to form a message that says, "Fatty Liver has more good news to report and more people who want to learn about it." Halfway through, Stephen Harrison "hijacks" the episode to ask a common sense question about how the Fatty Liver community uses slides from biopsies today. This leads to a conversation in which each participant comes at the issue from a dramatically different angle.Highlights include:8:49 - Mazen Noureddin begins to discuss his "Biggest Stor(ies) of Summer"9:54 - Mazen focuses specifically on the efruxifermin (EFX) paper in Nature Medicine12:56 - Mazen shifts focus to the recent paper from the Mayo Clinic group that used a retorspective study of MRE results and longer-term outcomes to demonstrate that MRE improve prognosis accuracy in CLD patients15:24 - Stephen Harrison begins his response to Mazen16:45 - Stephen discusses what he considers the most important lessons from the EFX trial18:33 Mazen on where FGF-21s are likely to be used and what what duration22:21 - Stephen "hijacks" the discussion to raise the idea of one H & E slide per biopsy.25:12 - Mazen agrees with Stephen's statement about multiple slides26:51 - Roger concurs from a probability sampling point of view27:18 - Louise begins her reply by discussing the impact of side effects on patients, using Hep C as an earlier example, and the hope that clinical trials can more closely resemble care in everyday practice29:06 - Stephen comments on why trials and clinical practice are so different and why it continues to be this way31:38 - Mazen discusses FGF-21 side effects in the context of GLP-1s32:47 - Louise notes that biopsy samples are valuable and costly to the patient (in terms of discomfort, at least) and that we show the patient respect by extracting the maximum possible value from each tissue sample33:31 - Roger asks the historical logical for doing only one H & E slide per patient. Mazen speculates, then Stephen explains.37:05 - Roger asks whether the goal is to improve screen fail rates and reduce placebo scores at the same time. Stephen confirms this.37:58 - Roger asks group to assign scores to the relative importance of multiple slides, new medications and moving to NITs. Answers vary. The reasons are even more interesting than the answers themselves

Prostate Cancer Diagnosis and Prognosis: Histopathology

Play Episode Listen Later Sep 19, 2021 29:00

Prostate Cancer Diagnosis and Prognosis: Histopathology with guest Dr. Peter Humphrey September 19, 2021 Yale Cancer Center visit: http://www.yalecancercenter.org email: canceranswers@yale.edu call: 203-785-4095

Prostate Cancer Diagnosis and Prognosis: Histopathology

Yale Cancer Center Answers

Play Episode Listen Later Sep 19, 2021 29:00

Prostate Cancer Diagnosis and Prognosis: Histopathology with guest Dr. Peter Humphrey September 19, 2021 Yale Cancer Center visit: http://www.yalecancercenter.org email: canceranswers@yale.edu call: 203-785-4095

Prostate Cancer Diagnosis and Prognosis: Histopathology

Yale Cancer Center Answers

Play Episode Listen Later Sep 19, 2021 29:00

Prostate Cancer Diagnosis and Prognosis: Histopathology with guest Dr. Peter Humphrey September 19, 2021 Yale Cancer Center visit: http://www.yalecancercenter.org email: canceranswers@yale.edu call: 203-785-4095

Myocardial Histopathology in Patients with Obstructive Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy

JACC Podcast

Play Episode Listen Later Apr 26, 2021 12:22

Commentary by Dr. Valentin Fuster

patients commentary obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy myocardial histopathology valentin fuster

Pneumonia intersticial não-específica

management presentation diagnosis organizing fica refer systemic pines radiology pneumonia espec pid idiopathic characterisation radiographics histopathology

Play Episode Listen Later Mar 29, 2021 7:56

Referências1.Silva CI, Muller NL, Hansell DM, Lee KS, Nicholson AG, Wells AU. Nonspecific interstitial pneumonia and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: changes in pattern and distribution of disease over time. Radiology. 2008;247(1):251-9.2.Oliveira DS, Araujo Filho JA, Paiva AFL, Ikari ES, Chate RC, Nomura CH. Idiopathic interstitial pneumonias: review of the latest American Thoracic Society/European Respiratory Society classification. Radiol Bras. 2018;51(5):321-7.3.Escalon JG, Legasto AC, Toy D, Gruden JF. Central paradiaphragmatic middle lobe involvement in nonspecific interstitial pneumonia. Eur Radiol. 2021.4.Kligerman SJ, Groshong S, Brown KK, Lynch DA. Nonspecific interstitial pneumonia: radiologic, clinical, and pathologic considerations. Radiographics. 2009;29(1):73-87.5.Belloli EA, Beckford R, Hadley R, Flaherty KR. Idiopathic non-specific interstitial pneumonia. Respirology. 2016;21(2):259-68.6.Oldham JM, Adegunsoye A, Valenzi E, Lee C, Witt L, Chen L, et al. Characterisation of patients with interstitial pneumonia with autoimmune features. Eur Respir J. 2016;47(6):1767-75.7.Hansell DM, Bankier AA, MacMahon H, McLoud TC, Muller NL, Remy J. Fleischner Society: glossary of terms for thoracic imaging. Radiology. 2008;246(3):697-722.8.Lee J, Kim YH, Kang JY, Jegal Y, Park SY, Korean Interstitial Lung Diseases Study G. Korean Guidelines for Diagnosis and Management of Interstitial Lung Diseases: Part 3. Idiopathic Nonspecific Interstitial Pneumonia. Tuberc Respir Dis (Seoul). 2019;82(4):277-84.9.Cottin V, Hirani NA, Hotchkin DL, Nambiar AM, Ogura T, Otaola M, et al. Presentation, diagnosis and clinical course of the spectrum of progressive-fibrosing interstitial lung diseases. Eur Respir Rev. 2018;27(150).10.Huo Z, Li J, Li S, Zhang H, Jin Z, Pang J, et al. Organizing pneumonia components in non-specific interstitial pneumonia (NSIP): a clinicopathological study of 33 NSIP cases. Histopathology. 2016;68(3):347-55.11.Perelas A, Silver RM, Arrossi AV, Highland KB. Systemic sclerosis-associated interstitial lung disease. Lancet Respir Med. 2020;8(3):304-20.

Non-specific interstitial pneumonias - NSIP

management presentation diagnosis organizing systemic lung radiology interstitial idiopathic characterisation radiographics histopathology

Play Episode Listen Later Mar 29, 2021 6:05

References1.Silva CI, Muller NL, Hansell DM, Lee KS, Nicholson AG, Wells AU. Nonspecific interstitial pneumonia and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: changes in pattern and distribution of disease over time. Radiology. 2008;247(1):251-9.2.Oliveira DS, Araujo Filho JA, Paiva AFL, Ikari ES, Chate RC, Nomura CH. Idiopathic interstitial pneumonias: review of the latest American Thoracic Society/European Respiratory Society classification. Radiol Bras. 2018;51(5):321-7.3.Escalon JG, Legasto AC, Toy D, Gruden JF. Central paradiaphragmatic middle lobe involvement in nonspecific interstitial pneumonia. Eur Radiol. 2021.4.Kligerman SJ, Groshong S, Brown KK, Lynch DA. Nonspecific interstitial pneumonia: radiologic, clinical, and pathologic considerations. Radiographics. 2009;29(1):73-87.5.Belloli EA, Beckford R, Hadley R, Flaherty KR. Idiopathic non-specific interstitial pneumonia. Respirology. 2016;21(2):259-68.6.Oldham JM, Adegunsoye A, Valenzi E, Lee C, Witt L, Chen L, et al. Characterisation of patients with interstitial pneumonia with autoimmune features. Eur Respir J. 2016;47(6):1767-75.7.Hansell DM, Bankier AA, MacMahon H, McLoud TC, Muller NL, Remy J. Fleischner Society: glossary of terms for thoracic imaging. Radiology. 2008;246(3):697-722.8.Lee J, Kim YH, Kang JY, Jegal Y, Park SY, Korean Interstitial Lung Diseases Study G. Korean Guidelines for Diagnosis and Management of Interstitial Lung Diseases: Part 3. Idiopathic Nonspecific Interstitial Pneumonia. Tuberc Respir Dis (Seoul). 2019;82(4):277-84.9.Cottin V, Hirani NA, Hotchkin DL, Nambiar AM, Ogura T, Otaola M, et al. Presentation, diagnosis and clinical course of the spectrum of progressive-fibrosing interstitial lung diseases. Eur Respir Rev. 2018;27(150).10.Huo Z, Li J, Li S, Zhang H, Jin Z, Pang J, et al. Organizing pneumonia components in non-specific interstitial pneumonia (NSIP): a clinicopathological study of 33 NSIP cases. Histopathology. 2016;68(3):347-55.11.Perelas A, Silver RM, Arrossi AV, Highland KB. Systemic sclerosis-associated interstitial lung disease. Lancet Respir Med. 2020;8(3):304-20.

53. Top tips for skin biopsies

The Derm Vet Podcast

Play Episode Listen Later Mar 5, 2021 10:56

Getting back a non-diagnostic histopathology report can be so frustrating! What do you do to avoid this from happening? This episodes highlights the importance of site selection, biopsy punch size, choosing a dermatopathologist and more!

dogs skin cat top tips dermatology veterinary medicine biopsies histopathology

Episode 5 - Wellbeing, histopathology and microbiology with Dr Jo Horne & Cherie Beckett

IBMSPOD

Play Episode Listen Later Mar 2, 2021 38:17

How can biomedical scientists manage worry, anxiety and stress and boost mental wellbeing in the midst of the pandemic? What mental health support has been put in place and how do we ensure these services are maintained and expanded post-pandemic? Dr Jo Horne is a consultant Biomedical Scientist in Gastrointestinal & Hepatobiliary Histopathology at University Hospital Southampton Trust. She has been helping colleagues cope with the pressures that the pandemic has put on their mental health. Jo discusses the issues biomedical scientists have faced during COVID-19, her role alongside her main work as a ‘safe space practitioner' delivering psychological first aid and if the increased emphasis on supporting mental wellbeing during Covid-19 will lead to permanent change post-pandemic. Jo also chats about her scientific work, talking us through the dissection and reporting process in Histopathology and answers a question about encouraging women into STEM in light of International Women's Day on the 8th March and faces our quick-fire round. In LabLife, we caught up with Cherie Beckett, Biomedical Scientist in Microbiology. She chatted to us about her work outside the lab hosting the IBMS Twitter chat and volunteering to show a child who has leukaemia around her laboratory for the charity Harvey's Gang. Also features IBMS news – a roundup of all the latest developments from the IBMS. Presented by IBMS Communications officer Ella Fornari. Show Notes: Episode Outline: 0:15 – IBMS News 2:25 – Interview with Jo Horne 2:25 - Section 1: Working in Histopathology - including what is gastrointestinal pathology and why is it so important; what samples are dissected and how; what are the most unusual samples processed and what research does she do. 10:56 – Section 2: Health and Well-being in the pandemic including Jo's personal journey throughout Covid, her role as safe-space practitioner, issues arising, systemic change post-pandemic and positive things to come out of the pandemic. 24:17 – Section 3: How can we encourage girls & women into STEM careers? 25:50 – Quick-fire round: Female Science Hero, Favourite Pathogen, First thing she'll do after lockdown 28:06 – LabLife with Cherie Beckett Links to further resources: IBMS News: Bookings open for Congress 2022: https://www.ibms.org/resources/news/congress-2022-think-ahead-book-now/ IBMS awards three prestigious members' honours: https://www.ibms.org/resources/news/our-newest-honorary-fellow-and-life-members/ NHS pilots “do-it-at-home” cervical screenings https://www.ibms.org/resources/news/home-cervical-screenings/ New Member Support Video: https://www.ibms.org/resources/news/ibms-member-support-video/ Interviews with Jo & Cherie: Interview with Jo's female science hero, Elaine Cloutman-Green: https://microbiologysociety.org/membership/meet-our-members/focus-area-clinical-health-related-microbiology/an-interview-with-dr-elaine-cloutman-green.html Jo Horne twitter: https://twitter.com/hornej13?ref_src=twsrc%5Egoogle%7Ctwcamp%5Eserp%7Ctwgr%5Eauthor IBMS Chat Hashtag (every first Wednesday of the month, 8-9pm): https://twitter.com/hashtag/IBMSChat?src=hashtag_click&f=live Cherie wins Amazing Individual Award: https://www.ibms.org/resources/news/cherie-beckett-wins-amazing/ Cherie Beckett twitter: https://twitter.com/CDBeckett?ref_src=twsrc%5Egoogle%7Ctwcamp%5Eserp%7Ctwgr%5Eauthor

covid-19 health interview congress gang stem wellbeing international women nhs microbiology horne gastrointestinal ibms histopathology

S2-E8.3 - Previewing NASH-TAG 2021: Two intriguing side conversations

covid-19 conversations previewing obesity weigh intriguing digital health surfers patient advocacy drug development nafld histopathology stephen harrison louise campbell

Play Episode Listen Later Feb 27, 2021 17:06

This conversation integrates two significant side conversations during the review of the NASH-TAG 2021 agenda, one about creativity and intellectual ferment and the other about what we can learn from COVID-19 about how to motivate patients.While reviewing the NASH-TAG 2021 agenda, the group digressed several times. This conversation incorporates the two most interesting. In the first, Stephen Harrison discusses how this meeting design drives creativity and intellectual ferment and the other Surfers comment. In the second, Stephen poses a question to Louise Campbell about what patient motivation to take the COVID-19 vaccine can teach us about selling NASH patients on the benefits of weight loss. This conversation exemplifies how the NASH-TAG approach and design fosters innovative thinking and excellent networking...a good motivation to register for virtual NASH-TAG at https://www.nash-tag.org/.

Histopathology helping poultry plants use science to defend carcasses, minimize condemnations

Poultry Health Today

Play Episode Listen Later Feb 24, 2021 5:38

Most people in live poultry production haven't spent a lot of time reading about histopathology. Still, veterinarians who specialize in diagnosing disease in animal tissues are spending more time in processing plants helping to minimize costly carcass condemnations while maintaining the company's high standards for quality.

plants defend minimize poultry carcasses use science histopathology

Histopathology helping poultry plants use science to defend carcasses, minimize condemnations

Poultry Health Today

Play Episode Listen Later Feb 24, 2021 5:39

Veterinarians specializing in diagnosing disease in animal tissue are spending more time in processing plants helping minimize costly carcass condemnations while maintaining high food quality standards.

plants defend minimize veterinarians poultry carcasses use science histopathology

S2 Ep28: Cysts, fibroadenomas and fat necrosis (Part 1 of 2) - Dr Peter Davis

My Breast My Health

Play Episode Listen Later Feb 24, 2021 26:24

When you have a breast abnormality, you may need to have a biopsy. This is where a sample is taken from the breast and sent to the lab for analyses.The majority of biopsies come back as a benign (non-cancerous) diagnosis. Of course this is always a great relief. But the actual terminology of the results can be confusing and unclear.Today I have a conversation with Dr Peter Davis, who is a histopathologist. He and his team are responsible for analysing all the specimens in the lab and come back with a diagnosis.We talked today about the various benign conditions that we may find in the breast. This included conditions such as cysts, fibroadenomas and fat necrosis amongst others.Because there was so much information packed into the episode, I have split it into two parts. The next episode being published next week.If you fancy a recap of what we talked about in this episode, then head over to the show notes at:https://mybreastmyhealth.com/episode28.It would be lovely to connect with you on social media. I am @DrTashaG on Twitter | Instagram | TikTok | Clubhouse.Happy listening!Tasha x

breast cancer breast cancer awareness cysts necrosis breast surgery peter davis histopathology

Dr Mohamed Amgad, Machine Learning in Histopathology Research

Conversations On Science

Play Episode Listen Later Feb 19, 2021 78:40

Dr Mohamed Amgad is a medical doctor from Egypt and a current PhD candidate at Emory University’s computer science department. He’s also currently a visiting predoctoral fellow at Feinberg School of Medicine. He and I are labmates at the Institute for Augmented Intelligence in Medicine at The Feinberg School of Medicine at Northwestern University. For this episode, we go in depth on how computer science is being used to detect pathologies in tissue samples with the goal of making clinical predictions. This was a phenomenal master class on machine learning in medicine. Enjoy! --- This episode is sponsored by · Anchor: The easiest way to make a podcast. https://anchor.fm/app Support this podcast: https://anchor.fm/idris-sunmola/support

phd research medicine institute machine learning northwestern university emory university feinberg school augmented intelligence histopathology

Ovarian Sex Cord Stromal Tumors with Mona El-Bahrawy

IJGC Podcast

Play Episode Listen Later Jan 21, 2021 26:23

In this episode of the IJGC podcast, Editor-in-Chief Dr. Pedro Ramirez, is joined by Dr. Mona El-Bahrawyto discuss ovarian sex cord stromal tumors. Dr. El-Bahrawy is the lead author of “Ovarian sex cord-stromal tumors: an update on clinical features, molecular changes, and management" (https://ijgc.bmj.com/content/early/2021/01/07/ijgc-2020-002018), which is the Lead Article of IJGC’s February 2021 issue. Dr. El-Bahrawy is Professor of Practice in Histopathology at Imperial College London, United Kingdom, and Professor of Pathology at the University of Alexandria, Egypt, and President of the Egyptian Committee for Pathology Training. She specializes in Gynaecological Surgical Pathology with special interest in Gynaecological Tumour Pathology. Highlights: - Ovarian sex cord stromal tumours are rare tumours that include benign and malignant variants. - They are broadly classified into three categories, which include pure stromal tumors, pure sex cord tumors and mixed sex cord stromal tumors. - Some tumor types harbor hallmark mutations, such as FOXL-2 mutations detected in the majority of adult granulosa cell tumors. - Surgery is the main treatment modality for sex cord stromal tumors with some role for chemotherapy and hormonal therapy in advanced and recurrent tumors. - There is potential for the identification of therapeutic targets and development of targeted therapy for these tumors.

university president professor practice united kingdom surgery cord tumors pathologies imperial college london ovarian chief dr histopathology lead article

TENDINOPATIAS PARTE I - INTRODUÇÃO

Play Episode Listen Later Nov 29, 2020 6:51

Referências1.Khan KM, Cook JL, Bonar F, Harcourt P, Astrom M. Histopathology of common tendinopathies. Update and implications for clinical management. Sports Med. 1999;27(6):393-408.2.Andarawis-Puri N, Flatow EL, Soslowsky LJ. Tendon basic science: Development, repair, regeneration, and healing. J Orthop Res. 2015;33(6):780-4.3.Ryan M, Bisset L, Newsham-West R. Should We Care About Tendon Structure? The Disconnect Between Structure and Symptoms in Tendinopathy. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 2015;45(11):823-5.4.Scott A, Backman LJ, Speed C. Tendinopathy: Update on Pathophysiology. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 2015;45(11):833-41.5.Abate M, Silbernagel KG, Siljeholm C, Di Iorio A, De Amicis D, Salini V, et al. Pathogenesis of tendinopathies: inflammation or degeneration? Arthritis Res Ther. 2009;11(3):235.6.Tran PHT, Malmgaard-Clausen NM, Puggaard RS, Svensson RB, Nybing JD, Hansen P, et al. Early development of tendinopathy in humans: Sequence of pathological changes in structure and tissue turnover signaling. FASEB J. 2020;34(1):776-88.7.Millar NL, Murrell GA, McInnes IB. Inflammatory mechanisms in tendinopathy - towards translation. Nat Rev Rheumatol. 2017;13(2):110-22.8.Speed C. Inflammation in Tendon Disorders. Adv Exp Med Biol. 2016;920:209-20.9.Abat F, Alfredson H, Cucchiarini M, Madry H, Marmotti A, Mouton C, et al. Current trends in tendinopathy: consensus of the ESSKA basic science committee. Part I: biology, biomechanics, anatomy and an exercise-based approach. J Exp Orthop. 2017;4(1):18.10.Cook JL, Purdam CR. Is tendon pathology a continuum? A pathology model to explain the clinical presentation of load-induced tendinopathy. Br J Sports Med. 2009;43(6):409-16.11.D'Addona A, Maffulli N, Formisano S, Rosa D. Inflammation in tendinopathy. Surgeon. 2017;15(5):297-302.12.Cook JL, Rio E, Purdam CR, Docking SI. Revisiting the continuum model of tendon pathology: what is its merit in clinical practice and research? Br J Sports Med. 2016;50(19):1187-91.13.Rabello LM, van den Akker-Scheek I, Kuipers IF, Diercks RL, Brink MS, Zwerver J. Bilateral changes in tendon structure of patients diagnosed with unilateral insertional or midportion achilles tendinopathy or patellar tendinopathy. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc. 2020;28(5):1631-8.14.Docking SI, Ooi CC, Connell D. Tendinopathy: Is Imaging Telling Us the Entire Story? J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 2015;45(11):842-52.15.Matthews W, Ellis R, Furness JW, Rathbone E, Hing W. Staging achilles tendinopathy using ultrasound imaging: the development and investigation of a new ultrasound imaging criteria based on the continuum model of tendon pathology. BMJ Open Sport Exerc Med. 2020;6(1):e000699.16.Splittgerber LE, Ihm JM. Significance of Asymptomatic Tendon Pathology in Athletes. Curr Sports Med Rep. 2019;18(6):192-200.17.Comin J, Cook JL, Malliaras P, McCormack M, Calleja M, Clarke A, et al. The prevalence and clinical significance of sonographic tendon abnormalities in asymptomatic ballet dancers: a 24-month longitudinal study. Br J Sports Med. 2013;47(2):89-92.

TENDINOPATIAS PARTE II - TEORIA DO CONTINUUM

Play Episode Listen Later Nov 29, 2020 4:05

Referências1.Khan KM, Cook JL, Bonar F, Harcourt P, Astrom M. Histopathology of common tendinopathies. Update and implications for clinical management. Sports Med. 1999;27(6):393-408.2.Andarawis-Puri N, Flatow EL, Soslowsky LJ. Tendon basic science: Development, repair, regeneration, and healing. J Orthop Res. 2015;33(6):780-4.3.Ryan M, Bisset L, Newsham-West R. Should We Care About Tendon Structure? The Disconnect Between Structure and Symptoms in Tendinopathy. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 2015;45(11):823-5.4.Scott A, Backman LJ, Speed C. Tendinopathy: Update on Pathophysiology. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 2015;45(11):833-41.5.Abate M, Silbernagel KG, Siljeholm C, Di Iorio A, De Amicis D, Salini V, et al. Pathogenesis of tendinopathies: inflammation or degeneration? Arthritis Res Ther. 2009;11(3):235.6.Tran PHT, Malmgaard-Clausen NM, Puggaard RS, Svensson RB, Nybing JD, Hansen P, et al. Early development of tendinopathy in humans: Sequence of pathological changes in structure and tissue turnover signaling. FASEB J. 2020;34(1):776-88.7.Millar NL, Murrell GA, McInnes IB. Inflammatory mechanisms in tendinopathy - towards translation. Nat Rev Rheumatol. 2017;13(2):110-22.8.Speed C. Inflammation in Tendon Disorders. Adv Exp Med Biol. 2016;920:209-20.9.Abat F, Alfredson H, Cucchiarini M, Madry H, Marmotti A, Mouton C, et al. Current trends in tendinopathy: consensus of the ESSKA basic science committee. Part I: biology, biomechanics, anatomy and an exercise-based approach. J Exp Orthop. 2017;4(1):18.10.Cook JL, Purdam CR. Is tendon pathology a continuum? A pathology model to explain the clinical presentation of load-induced tendinopathy. Br J Sports Med. 2009;43(6):409-16.11.D'Addona A, Maffulli N, Formisano S, Rosa D. Inflammation in tendinopathy. Surgeon. 2017;15(5):297-302.12.Cook JL, Rio E, Purdam CR, Docking SI. Revisiting the continuum model of tendon pathology: what is its merit in clinical practice and research? Br J Sports Med. 2016;50(19):1187-91.13.Rabello LM, van den Akker-Scheek I, Kuipers IF, Diercks RL, Brink MS, Zwerver J. Bilateral changes in tendon structure of patients diagnosed with unilateral insertional or midportion achilles tendinopathy or patellar tendinopathy. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc. 2020;28(5):1631-8.14.Docking SI, Ooi CC, Connell D. Tendinopathy: Is Imaging Telling Us the Entire Story? J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 2015;45(11):842-52.15.Matthews W, Ellis R, Furness JW, Rathbone E, Hing W. Staging achilles tendinopathy using ultrasound imaging: the development and investigation of a new ultrasound imaging criteria based on the continuum model of tendon pathology. BMJ Open Sport Exerc Med. 2020;6(1):e000699.16.Splittgerber LE, Ihm JM. Significance of Asymptomatic Tendon Pathology in Athletes. Curr Sports Med Rep. 2019;18(6):192-200.17.Comin J, Cook JL, Malliaras P, McCormack M, Calleja M, Clarke A, et al. The prevalence and clinical significance of sonographic tendon abnormalities in asymptomatic ballet dancers: a 24-month longitudinal study. Br J Sports Med. 2013;47(2):89-92.

TENDINOPATIAS PARTE III - TEORIA DO ICEBERG E EXAMES DE IMAGEM

science teaching assistant professor classroom purdue university remotelearning blood brain barrier capillaries histopathology astrocyte

Play Episode Listen Later Nov 29, 2020 3:42

Referências1.Khan KM, Cook JL, Bonar F, Harcourt P, Astrom M. Histopathology of common tendinopathies. Update and implications for clinical management. Sports Med. 1999;27(6):393-408.2.Andarawis-Puri N, Flatow EL, Soslowsky LJ. Tendon basic science: Development, repair, regeneration, and healing. J Orthop Res. 2015;33(6):780-4.3.Ryan M, Bisset L, Newsham-West R. Should We Care About Tendon Structure? The Disconnect Between Structure and Symptoms in Tendinopathy. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 2015;45(11):823-5.4.Scott A, Backman LJ, Speed C. Tendinopathy: Update on Pathophysiology. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 2015;45(11):833-41.5.Abate M, Silbernagel KG, Siljeholm C, Di Iorio A, De Amicis D, Salini V, et al. Pathogenesis of tendinopathies: inflammation or degeneration? Arthritis Res Ther. 2009;11(3):235.6.Tran PHT, Malmgaard-Clausen NM, Puggaard RS, Svensson RB, Nybing JD, Hansen P, et al. Early development of tendinopathy in humans: Sequence of pathological changes in structure and tissue turnover signaling. FASEB J. 2020;34(1):776-88.7.Millar NL, Murrell GA, McInnes IB. Inflammatory mechanisms in tendinopathy - towards translation. Nat Rev Rheumatol. 2017;13(2):110-22.8.Speed C. Inflammation in Tendon Disorders. Adv Exp Med Biol. 2016;920:209-20.9.Abat F, Alfredson H, Cucchiarini M, Madry H, Marmotti A, Mouton C, et al. Current trends in tendinopathy: consensus of the ESSKA basic science committee. Part I: biology, biomechanics, anatomy and an exercise-based approach. J Exp Orthop. 2017;4(1):18.10.Cook JL, Purdam CR. Is tendon pathology a continuum? A pathology model to explain the clinical presentation of load-induced tendinopathy. Br J Sports Med. 2009;43(6):409-16.11.D'Addona A, Maffulli N, Formisano S, Rosa D. Inflammation in tendinopathy. Surgeon. 2017;15(5):297-302.12.Cook JL, Rio E, Purdam CR, Docking SI. Revisiting the continuum model of tendon pathology: what is its merit in clinical practice and research? Br J Sports Med. 2016;50(19):1187-91.13.Rabello LM, van den Akker-Scheek I, Kuipers IF, Diercks RL, Brink MS, Zwerver J. Bilateral changes in tendon structure of patients diagnosed with unilateral insertional or midportion achilles tendinopathy or patellar tendinopathy. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc. 2020;28(5):1631-8.14.Docking SI, Ooi CC, Connell D. Tendinopathy: Is Imaging Telling Us the Entire Story? J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 2015;45(11):842-52.15.Matthews W, Ellis R, Furness JW, Rathbone E, Hing W. Staging achilles tendinopathy using ultrasound imaging: the development and investigation of a new ultrasound imaging criteria based on the continuum model of tendon pathology. BMJ Open Sport Exerc Med. 2020;6(1):e000699.16.Splittgerber LE, Ihm JM. Significance of Asymptomatic Tendon Pathology in Athletes. Curr Sports Med Rep. 2019;18(6):192-200.17.Comin J, Cook JL, Malliaras P, McCormack M, Calleja M, Clarke A, et al. The prevalence and clinical significance of sonographic tendon abnormalities in asymptomatic ballet dancers: a 24-month longitudinal study. Br J Sports Med. 2013;47(2):89-92.

Article Summary by Sarah F. Sanghavi and Charles E. Alpers

Kidney360

Play Episode Listen Later Nov 25, 2020 7:42

This is a podcast article summary of "Histopathologic and Clinical Features in Patients with Diabetes and Kidney Disease" by Sarah F. Sanghavi and Charles E. Alpers.

patients diabetes kidney disease diabetes mellitus charles e diabetic retinopathy alpers proteinuria sarah f histopathology clinical features article summary

Understanding the importance of the blood-brain barrier

Superheroes of Science

Play Episode Listen Later Nov 16, 2020 23:40

Tiffany Lyle, Assistant Professor of Veterinary Anatomic Pathology at Purdue University, speaks about the importance of the blood-brain barrier and ways that this barrier can be damaged from diseases like cancer. Lyle’s lab focuses on finding new ways to address and treat metastatic tumors, particularly tumors in the brain, and improve drug therapy and quality of life for cancer patients.

STEATOSIS PART-I

science current patterns mri ml liver ultrasounds radiology gastroenterology liver disease quantification spectroscopy hepatic magnetic resonance imaging radiographics histopathology

Play Episode Listen Later Sep 28, 2020 6:27

References1. Takahashi Y, Fukusato T. Histopathology of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease/non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. World J Gastroenterol. 2014;20(42):15539-48.2. Idilman IS, Ozdeniz I, Karcaaltincaba M. Hepatic Steatosis: Etiology, Patterns, and Quantification. Semin Ultrasound CT MR. 2016;37(6):501-10.3. Li Q, Dhyani M, Grajo JR, Sirlin C, Samir AE. Current status of imaging in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. World J Hepatol. 2018;10(8):530-42.4. Zhang YN, Fowler KJ, Hamilton G, Cui JY, Sy EZ, Balanay M, et al. liver fat imaging-a clinical overview of ultrasound, CT, and MR imaging. Br J Radiol. 2018;91(1089):20170959.5. M L. The Liver's Weight Problem. Science. 2015.6. Leoni S, Tovoli F, Napoli L, Serio I, Ferri S, Bolondi L. Current guidelines for the management of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: A systematic review with comparative analysis. World J Gastroenterol. 2018;24(30):3361-73.7. Ferraioli G, Soares Monteiro LB. Ultrasound-based techniques for the diagnosis of liver steatosis. World J Gastroenterol. 2019;25(40):6053-62.8. Pickhardt PJ, Graffy PM, Reeder SB, Hernando D, Li K. Quantification of Liver Fat Content With Unenhanced MDCT: Phantom and Clinical Correlation With MRI Proton Density Fat Fraction. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2018;211(3):W151-W7.9. Pickhardt PJ, Blake GM, Graffy PM, Sandfort V, Elton DC, Perez AA, et al. Liver Steatosis Categorization on Contrast-Enhanced CT Using a Fully-Automated Deep Learning Volumetric Segmentation Tool: Evaluation in 1,204 Heathy Adults Using Unenhanced CT as Reference Standard. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2020.10. Reeder SB, Cruite I, Hamilton G, Sirlin CB. Quantitative Assessment of Liver Fat with Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Spectroscopy. J Magn Reson Imaging. 2011;34(4):729-49.11. Idilman IS, Aniktar H, Idilman R, Kabacam G, Savas B, Elhan A, et al. Hepatic steatosis: quantification by proton density fat fraction with MR imaging versus liver biopsy. Radiology. 2013;267(3):767-75.12. Pokharel SS, Macura KJ, Kamel IR, Zaheer A. Current MR imaging lipid detection techniques for diagnosis of lesions in the abdomen and pelvis. Radiographics. 2013;33(3):681-702.13- Idilman IS, Aniktar H, Idilman R, Kabacam G, Savas B, Elhan A, et al. Hepatic steatosis: quantification by proton density fat fraction with MR imaging versus liver biopsy. Radiology. 2013;267(3):767-7514. Castera L, Friedrich-Rust M, Loomba R. Noninvasive Assessment of Liver Disease in Patients With Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. Gastroenterology. 2019;156(5):1264-81 e4.

STEATOSIS PART-II

science current patterns mri ml liver ultrasounds radiology gastroenterology liver disease quantification spectroscopy hepatic magnetic resonance imaging radiographics histopathology

Play Episode Listen Later Sep 28, 2020 7:47

References1. Takahashi Y, Fukusato T. Histopathology of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease/non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. World J Gastroenterol. 2014;20(42):15539-48.2. Idilman IS, Ozdeniz I, Karcaaltincaba M. Hepatic Steatosis: Etiology, Patterns, and Quantification. Semin Ultrasound CT MR. 2016;37(6):501-10.3. Li Q, Dhyani M, Grajo JR, Sirlin C, Samir AE. Current status of imaging in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. World J Hepatol. 2018;10(8):530-42.4. Zhang YN, Fowler KJ, Hamilton G, Cui JY, Sy EZ, Balanay M, et al. liver fat imaging-a clinical overview of ultrasound, CT, and MR imaging. Br J Radiol. 2018;91(1089):20170959.5. M L. The Liver's Weight Problem. Science. 2015.6. Leoni S, Tovoli F, Napoli L, Serio I, Ferri S, Bolondi L. Current guidelines for the management of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: A systematic review with comparative analysis. World J Gastroenterol. 2018;24(30):3361-73.7. Ferraioli G, Soares Monteiro LB. Ultrasound-based techniques for the diagnosis of liver steatosis. World J Gastroenterol. 2019;25(40):6053-62.8. Pickhardt PJ, Graffy PM, Reeder SB, Hernando D, Li K. Quantification of Liver Fat Content With Unenhanced MDCT: Phantom and Clinical Correlation With MRI Proton Density Fat Fraction. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2018;211(3):W151-W7.9. Pickhardt PJ, Blake GM, Graffy PM, Sandfort V, Elton DC, Perez AA, et al. Liver Steatosis Categorization on Contrast-Enhanced CT Using a Fully-Automated Deep Learning Volumetric Segmentation Tool: Evaluation in 1,204 Heathy Adults Using Unenhanced CT as Reference Standard. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2020.10. Reeder SB, Cruite I, Hamilton G, Sirlin CB. Quantitative Assessment of Liver Fat with Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Spectroscopy. J Magn Reson Imaging. 2011;34(4):729-49.11. Idilman IS, Aniktar H, Idilman R, Kabacam G, Savas B, Elhan A, et al. Hepatic steatosis: quantification by proton density fat fraction with MR imaging versus liver biopsy. Radiology. 2013;267(3):767-75.12. Pokharel SS, Macura KJ, Kamel IR, Zaheer A. Current MR imaging lipid detection techniques for diagnosis of lesions in the abdomen and pelvis. Radiographics. 2013;33(3):681-702.13- Idilman IS, Aniktar H, Idilman R, Kabacam G, Savas B, Elhan A, et al. Hepatic steatosis: quantification by proton density fat fraction with MR imaging versus liver biopsy. Radiology. 2013;267(3):767-7514. Castera L, Friedrich-Rust M, Loomba R. Noninvasive Assessment of Liver Disease in Patients With Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. Gastroenterology. 2019;156(5):1264-81 e4.

STEATOSIS - PART III

science current patterns mri ml liver ultrasounds radiology gastroenterology liver disease quantification spectroscopy hepatic magnetic resonance imaging radiographics histopathology

Play Episode Listen Later Sep 28, 2020 4:30

References1. Takahashi Y, Fukusato T. Histopathology of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease/non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. World J Gastroenterol. 2014;20(42):15539-48.2. Idilman IS, Ozdeniz I, Karcaaltincaba M. Hepatic Steatosis: Etiology, Patterns, and Quantification. Semin Ultrasound CT MR. 2016;37(6):501-10.3. Li Q, Dhyani M, Grajo JR, Sirlin C, Samir AE. Current status of imaging in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. World J Hepatol. 2018;10(8):530-42.4. Zhang YN, Fowler KJ, Hamilton G, Cui JY, Sy EZ, Balanay M, et al. liver fat imaging-a clinical overview of ultrasound, CT, and MR imaging. Br J Radiol. 2018;91(1089):20170959.5. M L. The Liver's Weight Problem. Science. 2015.6. Leoni S, Tovoli F, Napoli L, Serio I, Ferri S, Bolondi L. Current guidelines for the management of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: A systematic review with comparative analysis. World J Gastroenterol. 2018;24(30):3361-73.7. Ferraioli G, Soares Monteiro LB. Ultrasound-based techniques for the diagnosis of liver steatosis. World J Gastroenterol. 2019;25(40):6053-62.8. Pickhardt PJ, Graffy PM, Reeder SB, Hernando D, Li K. Quantification of Liver Fat Content With Unenhanced MDCT: Phantom and Clinical Correlation With MRI Proton Density Fat Fraction. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2018;211(3):W151-W7.9. Pickhardt PJ, Blake GM, Graffy PM, Sandfort V, Elton DC, Perez AA, et al. Liver Steatosis Categorization on Contrast-Enhanced CT Using a Fully-Automated Deep Learning Volumetric Segmentation Tool: Evaluation in 1,204 Heathy Adults Using Unenhanced CT as Reference Standard. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2020.10. Reeder SB, Cruite I, Hamilton G, Sirlin CB. Quantitative Assessment of Liver Fat with Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Spectroscopy. J Magn Reson Imaging. 2011;34(4):729-49.11. Idilman IS, Aniktar H, Idilman R, Kabacam G, Savas B, Elhan A, et al. Hepatic steatosis: quantification by proton density fat fraction with MR imaging versus liver biopsy. Radiology. 2013;267(3):767-75.12. Pokharel SS, Macura KJ, Kamel IR, Zaheer A. Current MR imaging lipid detection techniques for diagnosis of lesions in the abdomen and pelvis. Radiographics. 2013;33(3):681-702.13- Idilman IS, Aniktar H, Idilman R, Kabacam G, Savas B, Elhan A, et al. Hepatic steatosis: quantification by proton density fat fraction with MR imaging versus liver biopsy. Radiology. 2013;267(3):767-7514. Castera L, Friedrich-Rust M, Loomba R. Noninvasive Assessment of Liver Disease in Patients With Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. Gastroenterology. 2019;156(5):1264-81 e4.

COVID-19 Focused Discussions: Histopathology of COVID -19 Myocarditis - One on One with Dr. Aloke Finn

CRTonline Podcast

Play Episode Listen Later Sep 17, 2020 16:09

In our latest COVID-19 Focused Discussion, Drs. Aloke Finn and Ron Waksman discuss STEMI and microthrombi in COVID-19 patients. In a paper recently published in Circulation, Dr. Finn and co-authors presented the case of a 43-year-old woman who died of COVID-19 at a hospital during the height of the initial surge of infections in Italy. This case showed the potential for microvascular thrombi to cause acute myocardial infarction in the setting of COVID-19, showing a novel mechanism by which the disease can cause cardiac injury. Watch on CRTonline

covid-19 italy focused drs one on one circulation myocarditis stemi histopathology

WHAT THE RADIOLOGIST SHOULD KNOW ABOUT VASCULAR MANIFESTATIONS OF COVID-19 PART II

Play Episode Listen Later Aug 19, 2020 4:13

REFERÊNCES1.Offringa A, Montijn R, Singh S, Paul M, Pinto YM, Pinto-Sietsma SJ. The mechanistic overview of SARS-CoV-2 using angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 to enter the cell for replication: possible treatment options related to the renin-angiotensin system. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Pharmacother. 2020.2.Santamarina MG, Boisier D, Contreras R, Baque M, Volpacchio M, Beddings I. COVID-19: a hypothesis regarding the ventilation-perfusion mismatch. Crit Care. 2020;24(1):395.3.Merrill JT, Erkan D, Winakur J, James JA. Emerging evidence of a COVID-19 thrombotic syndrome has treatment implications. Nat Rev Rheumatol. 2020.4.Teuwen LA, Geldhof V, Pasut A, Carmeliet P. COVID-19: the vasculature unleashed. Nat Rev Immunol. 2020;20(7):389-91.5.Potus F, Mai V, Lebret M, Malenfant S, Breton-Gagnon E, Lajoie AC, et al. Novel insights on the pulmonary vascular consequences of COVID-19. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol. 2020;319(2):L277-L88.6.Varga Z, Flammer AJ, Steiger P, Haberecker M, Andermatt R, Zinkernagel AS, et al. Endothelial cell infection and endotheliitis in COVID-19. Lancet. 2020;395(10234):1417-8.7.Ackermann M, Verleden SE, Kuehnel M, Haverich A, Welte T, Laenger F, et al. Pulmonary Vascular Endothelialitis, Thrombosis, and Angiogenesis in Covid-19. N Engl J Med. 2020;383(2):120-8.8.McGonagle D. Immune Mechanisms of Pulmonary Intravascular Coagulopathy in COVID-19 Pneumonia. lancet Rheumatol. 2020.9.Perricone C, Bartoloni E, Bursi R, Cafaro G, Guidelli GM, Shoenfeld Y, et al. COVID-19 as part of the hyperferritinemic syndromes: the role of iron depletion therapy. Immunol Res. 2020;68(4):213-24.10.Long B, Brady WJ, Koyfman A, Gottlieb M. Cardiovascular complications in COVID-19. Am J Emerg Med. 2020;38(7):1504-7.11.Price LC, McCabe C, Garfield B, Wort SJ. Thrombosis and COVID-19 pneumonia: the clot thickens! Eur Respir J. 2020;56(1).12.Parry AH, Wani AH, Yaseen M, Dar MI. Demystifying pulmonary vascular complications in severe coronavirus disease-19 pneumonia (COVID-19) in the light of clinico-radiologic-pathologic correlation. Thromb Res. 2020.13.Polak SB, Van Gool IC, Cohen D, von der Thusen JH, van Paassen J. A systematic review of pathological findings in COVID-19: a pathophysiological timeline and possible mechanisms of disease progression. Mod Pathol. 2020.14.von der Thusen J, van der Eerden M. Histopathology and genetic susceptibility in COVID-19 pneumonia. Eur J Clin Invest. 2020:e13259.15.Behzad S, Aghaghazvini L, Radmard AR, Gholamrezanezhad A. Extrapulmonary manifestations of COVID-19: Radiologic and clinical overview. Clin Imaging. 2020;66:35-41.16.Qanadli SD, Beigelman-Aubry C, Rotzinger DC. Vascular Changes Detected With Thoracic CT in Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Might Be Significant Determinants for Accurate Diagnosis and Optimal Patient Management. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2020;215(1):W15.17.Moreira BL, Santana PRP, Zanetti G, Marchiori E. COVID-19 and acute pulmonary embolism: what should be considered to indicate a computed tomography pulmonary angiography scan? Rev Soc Bras Med Trop. 2020;53:e20200267.18.Oudkerk M, Kuijpers D, Oudkerk SF, van Beek EJ. The vascular nature of COVID-19. Br J Radiol. 2020:20200718.19.Lang M, Som A, Mendoza DP, Flores EJ, Reid N, Carey D, et al. Hypoxaemia related to COVID-19: vascular and perfusion abnormalities on dual-energy CT. Lancet Infect Dis. 2020.20.Grillet F, Behr J, Calame P, Aubry S, Delabrousse E. Acute Pulmonary Embolism Associated with COVID-19 Pneumonia Detected by Pulmonary CT Angiography. Radiology. 2020:201544.21.Poyiadji N, Cormier P, Patel PY, Hadied MO, Bhargava P, Khanna K, et al. Acute Pulmonary Embolism and COVID-19. Radiology. 2020:201955.22.Lang M. Pulmonary Vascular Manifestations of COVID-19 Pneumonia. Radiol Cardiothorac Imaging. 2020.23.Kaminetzky M. Pulmonary Embolism on CTPA in COVID-19 Patients. Radiol Cardiothorac Imaging. 2020.24.Thachil J, Srivastava A. SARS-2 Coronavirus-Associated Hemostatic Lung Abnormality in COVID-19: Is It Pulmonary Thrombosis or Pulmonary Embolism? Semin Thromb Hemost. 2020.25.Grillet F, Behr J, Calame P, Aubry S, Delabrousse E. Acute Pulmonary Embolism Associated with COVID-19 Pneumonia Detected with Pulmonary CT Angiography. Radiology. 2020;296(3):E186-E8.26.Saba L, Sverzellati N. Is COVID Evolution Due to Occurrence of Pulmonary Vascular Thrombosis? J Thorac Imaging. 2020.27.E C. Pulmonary Thromboembolism in COVID-19: Venous Thromboembolism or Arterial Thrombosis? Radiol Cardiothorac Imaging. 2020.28.Provencher S, Potus F, Bonnet S. COVID-19 and the pulmonary vasculature. Pulm Circ. 2020;10(3):2045894020933088.

WHAT THE RADIOLOGIST SHOULD KNOW ABOUT VASCULAR MANIFESTATIONS OF COVID-19

Play Episode Listen Later Aug 19, 2020 6:00

REFERÊNCES1.Offringa A, Montijn R, Singh S, Paul M, Pinto YM, Pinto-Sietsma SJ. The mechanistic overview of SARS-CoV-2 using angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 to enter the cell for replication: possible treatment options related to the renin-angiotensin system. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Pharmacother. 2020.2.Santamarina MG, Boisier D, Contreras R, Baque M, Volpacchio M, Beddings I. COVID-19: a hypothesis regarding the ventilation-perfusion mismatch. Crit Care. 2020;24(1):395.3.Merrill JT, Erkan D, Winakur J, James JA. Emerging evidence of a COVID-19 thrombotic syndrome has treatment implications. Nat Rev Rheumatol. 2020.4.Teuwen LA, Geldhof V, Pasut A, Carmeliet P. COVID-19: the vasculature unleashed. Nat Rev Immunol. 2020;20(7):389-91.5.Potus F, Mai V, Lebret M, Malenfant S, Breton-Gagnon E, Lajoie AC, et al. Novel insights on the pulmonary vascular consequences of COVID-19. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol. 2020;319(2):L277-L88.6.Varga Z, Flammer AJ, Steiger P, Haberecker M, Andermatt R, Zinkernagel AS, et al. Endothelial cell infection and endotheliitis in COVID-19. Lancet. 2020;395(10234):1417-8.7.Ackermann M, Verleden SE, Kuehnel M, Haverich A, Welte T, Laenger F, et al. Pulmonary Vascular Endothelialitis, Thrombosis, and Angiogenesis in Covid-19. N Engl J Med. 2020;383(2):120-8.8.McGonagle D. Immune Mechanisms of Pulmonary Intravascular Coagulopathy in COVID-19 Pneumonia. lancet Rheumatol. 2020.9.Perricone C, Bartoloni E, Bursi R, Cafaro G, Guidelli GM, Shoenfeld Y, et al. COVID-19 as part of the hyperferritinemic syndromes: the role of iron depletion therapy. Immunol Res. 2020;68(4):213-24.10.Long B, Brady WJ, Koyfman A, Gottlieb M. Cardiovascular complications in COVID-19. Am J Emerg Med. 2020;38(7):1504-7.11.Price LC, McCabe C, Garfield B, Wort SJ. Thrombosis and COVID-19 pneumonia: the clot thickens! Eur Respir J. 2020;56(1).12.Parry AH, Wani AH, Yaseen M, Dar MI. Demystifying pulmonary vascular complications in severe coronavirus disease-19 pneumonia (COVID-19) in the light of clinico-radiologic-pathologic correlation. Thromb Res. 2020.13.Polak SB, Van Gool IC, Cohen D, von der Thusen JH, van Paassen J. A systematic review of pathological findings in COVID-19: a pathophysiological timeline and possible mechanisms of disease progression. Mod Pathol. 2020.14.von der Thusen J, van der Eerden M. Histopathology and genetic susceptibility in COVID-19 pneumonia. Eur J Clin Invest. 2020:e13259.15.Behzad S, Aghaghazvini L, Radmard AR, Gholamrezanezhad A. Extrapulmonary manifestations of COVID-19: Radiologic and clinical overview. Clin Imaging. 2020;66:35-41.16.Qanadli SD, Beigelman-Aubry C, Rotzinger DC. Vascular Changes Detected With Thoracic CT in Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Might Be Significant Determinants for Accurate Diagnosis and Optimal Patient Management. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2020;215(1):W15.17.Moreira BL, Santana PRP, Zanetti G, Marchiori E. COVID-19 and acute pulmonary embolism: what should be considered to indicate a computed tomography pulmonary angiography scan? Rev Soc Bras Med Trop. 2020;53:e20200267.18.Oudkerk M, Kuijpers D, Oudkerk SF, van Beek EJ. The vascular nature of COVID-19. Br J Radiol. 2020:20200718.19.Lang M, Som A, Mendoza DP, Flores EJ, Reid N, Carey D, et al. Hypoxaemia related to COVID-19: vascular and perfusion abnormalities on dual-energy CT. Lancet Infect Dis. 2020.20.Grillet F, Behr J, Calame P, Aubry S, Delabrousse E. Acute Pulmonary Embolism Associated with COVID-19 Pneumonia Detected by Pulmonary CT Angiography. Radiology. 2020:201544.21.Poyiadji N, Cormier P, Patel PY, Hadied MO, Bhargava P, Khanna K, et al. Acute Pulmonary Embolism and COVID-19. Radiology. 2020:201955.22.Lang M. Pulmonary Vascular Manifestations of COVID-19 Pneumonia. Radiol Cardiothorac Imaging. 2020.23.Kaminetzky M. Pulmonary Embolism on CTPA in COVID-19 Patients. Radiol Cardiothorac Imaging. 2020.24.Thachil J, Srivastava A. SARS-2 Coronavirus-Associated Hemostatic Lung Abnormality in COVID-19: Is It Pulmonary Thrombosis or Pulmonary Embolism? Semin Thromb Hemost. 2020.25.Grillet F, Behr J, Calame P, Aubry S, Delabrousse E. Acute Pulmonary Embolism Associated with COVID-19 Pneumonia Detected with Pulmonary CT Angiography. Radiology. 2020;296(3):E186-E8.26.Saba L, Sverzellati N. Is COVID Evolution Due to Occurrence of Pulmonary Vascular Thrombosis? J Thorac Imaging. 2020.27.E C. Pulmonary Thromboembolism in COVID-19: Venous Thromboembolism or Arterial Thrombosis? Radiol Cardiothorac Imaging. 2020.28.Provencher S, Potus F, Bonnet S. COVID-19 and the pulmonary vasculature. Pulm Circ. 2020;10(3):2045894020933088.

WHAT THE RADIOLOGIST SHOULD KNOW ABOUT VASCULAR MANIFESTATIONS OF COVID-19 PART III

This Pathological Life Podcast

Play Episode Listen Later Aug 19, 2020 5:21

REFERENCES1.Offringa A, Montijn R, Singh S, Paul M, Pinto YM, Pinto-Sietsma SJ. The mechanistic overview of SARS-CoV-2 using angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 to enter the cell for replication: possible treatment options related to the renin-angiotensin system. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Pharmacother. 2020.2.Santamarina MG, Boisier D, Contreras R, Baque M, Volpacchio M, Beddings I. COVID-19: a hypothesis regarding the ventilation-perfusion mismatch. Crit Care. 2020;24(1):395.3.Merrill JT, Erkan D, Winakur J, James JA. Emerging evidence of a COVID-19 thrombotic syndrome has treatment implications. Nat Rev Rheumatol. 2020.4.Teuwen LA, Geldhof V, Pasut A, Carmeliet P. COVID-19: the vasculature unleashed. Nat Rev Immunol. 2020;20(7):389-91.5.Potus F, Mai V, Lebret M, Malenfant S, Breton-Gagnon E, Lajoie AC, et al. Novel insights on the pulmonary vascular consequences of COVID-19. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol. 2020;319(2):L277-L88.6.Varga Z, Flammer AJ, Steiger P, Haberecker M, Andermatt R, Zinkernagel AS, et al. Endothelial cell infection and endotheliitis in COVID-19. Lancet. 2020;395(10234):1417-8.7.Ackermann M, Verleden SE, Kuehnel M, Haverich A, Welte T, Laenger F, et al. Pulmonary Vascular Endothelialitis, Thrombosis, and Angiogenesis in Covid-19. N Engl J Med. 2020;383(2):120-8.8.McGonagle D. Immune Mechanisms of Pulmonary Intravascular Coagulopathy in COVID-19 Pneumonia. lancet Rheumatol. 2020.9.Perricone C, Bartoloni E, Bursi R, Cafaro G, Guidelli GM, Shoenfeld Y, et al. COVID-19 as part of the hyperferritinemic syndromes: the role of iron depletion therapy. Immunol Res. 2020;68(4):213-24.10.Long B, Brady WJ, Koyfman A, Gottlieb M. Cardiovascular complications in COVID-19. Am J Emerg Med. 2020;38(7):1504-7.11.Price LC, McCabe C, Garfield B, Wort SJ. Thrombosis and COVID-19 pneumonia: the clot thickens! Eur Respir J. 2020;56(1).12.Parry AH, Wani AH, Yaseen M, Dar MI. Demystifying pulmonary vascular complications in severe coronavirus disease-19 pneumonia (COVID-19) in the light of clinico-radiologic-pathologic correlation. Thromb Res. 2020.13.Polak SB, Van Gool IC, Cohen D, von der Thusen JH, van Paassen J. A systematic review of pathological findings in COVID-19: a pathophysiological timeline and possible mechanisms of disease progression. Mod Pathol. 2020.14.von der Thusen J, van der Eerden M. Histopathology and genetic susceptibility in COVID-19 pneumonia. Eur J Clin Invest. 2020:e13259.15.Behzad S, Aghaghazvini L, Radmard AR, Gholamrezanezhad A. Extrapulmonary manifestations of COVID-19: Radiologic and clinical overview. Clin Imaging. 2020;66:35-41.16.Qanadli SD, Beigelman-Aubry C, Rotzinger DC. Vascular Changes Detected With Thoracic CT in Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Might Be Significant Determinants for Accurate Diagnosis and Optimal Patient Management. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2020;215(1):W15.17.Moreira BL, Santana PRP, Zanetti G, Marchiori E. COVID-19 and acute pulmonary embolism: what should be considered to indicate a computed tomography pulmonary angiography scan? Rev Soc Bras Med Trop. 2020;53:e20200267.18.Oudkerk M, Kuijpers D, Oudkerk SF, van Beek EJ. The vascular nature of COVID-19. Br J Radiol. 2020:20200718.19.Lang M, Som A, Mendoza DP, Flores EJ, Reid N, Carey D, et al. Hypoxaemia related to COVID-19: vascular and perfusion abnormalities on dual-energy CT. Lancet Infect Dis. 2020.20.Grillet F, Behr J, Calame P, Aubry S, Delabrousse E. Acute Pulmonary Embolism Associated with COVID-19 Pneumonia Detected by Pulmonary CT Angiography. Radiology. 2020:201544.21.Poyiadji N, Cormier P, Patel PY, Hadied MO, Bhargava P, Khanna K, et al. Acute Pulmonary Embolism and COVID-19. Radiology. 2020:201955.22.Lang M. Pulmonary Vascular Manifestations of COVID-19 Pneumonia. Radiol Cardiothorac Imaging. 2020.23.Kaminetzky M. Pulmonary Embolism on CTPA in COVID-19 Patients. Radiol Cardiothorac Imaging. 2020.24.Thachil J, Srivastava A. SARS-2 Coronavirus-Associated Hemostatic Lung Abnormality in COVID-19: Is It Pulmonary Thrombosis or Pulmonary Embolism? Semin Thromb Hemost. 2020.25.Grillet F, Behr J, Calame P, Aubry S, Delabrousse E. Acute Pulmonary Embolism Associated with COVID-19 Pneumonia Detected with Pulmonary CT Angiography. Radiology. 2020;296(3):E186-E8.26.Saba L, Sverzellati N. Is COVID Evolution Due to Occurrence of Pulmonary Vascular Thrombosis? J Thorac Imaging. 2020.27.E C. Pulmonary Thromboembolism in COVID-19: Venous Thromboembolism or Arterial Thrombosis? Radiol Cardiothorac Imaging. 2020.28.Provencher S, Potus F, Bonnet S. COVID-19 and the pulmonary vasculature. Pulm Circ. 2020;10(3):2045894020933088.

S1E3: Ep 3 Melanoma | The Black Tumour

Play Episode Listen Later Jul 21, 2020 45:26

In the 19th Century there was an increasing numbers of Black Tumours reported in medical literature - described as Melanose in 1806 when Rene Laennec published that the Blackness of these tumours was not related to black carbon deposits found in the lungs of patients upon autopsy. By mid 20th Century, a more evidence based approach was taken. Today, through molecular biology advances, we know genetic mutations are important in the genesis of tumours such as melanoma. This podcast includes an interview with Dr Craig James MBBS (Hons), FRCPA, AACD and this section of the podcast conducted by Dr Craig James is eligible for 1 RACGP CPD point – self reporting. Episode notes, references and learning objectives, available at https://www.clinpath.com.au/about-us/podcast-this-pathological-life/2020/07/episode-three-the-black-tumour This Pathological Life is produced by Clinpath Pathology in South Australia. Dr Craig James MBBS (Hons), FRCPA, AACD Specialties Cytopathology, Dermatopathology, and Histopathology Bio: https://www.clinpath.com.au/about-us/clinpath-leadership/our-pathologists/dr-craig-james/ See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

black blackness south australia pathologies melanoma general practitioners tumour travis brown craig james aacd racgp medical practitioners dermatopathology histopathology cytopathology

Methotrexate carried in lipid core nanoparticles reduces microglial activation and is neuroprotective after ischemic cortical stroke

PaperPlayer biorxiv neuroscience

Play Episode Listen Later Jun 17, 2020

Link to bioRxiv paper: http://biorxiv.org/cgi/content/short/2020.06.16.155804v1?rss=1 Authors: Pereira, E. L. R., Dias, M. N., dos Santos, I. R., Ramos, A. C., Hamoy, M., Feio, D. C. A., Tavoni, T. M., da Silva, P. C. M., Gomes-Leal, W. Abstract: Methotrexate carried in lipid core nanoparticles (LDE-MTX) is a low toxicity compound effective in reducing inflammation and secondary damage in experimental models of arthritis, atherosclerosis, myocardial infarction, cardiac allograft vasculopathy and other pathological conditions. Nevertheless, whether it is neuroprotective after stroke is unknown. Here, we explored whether LDE-MTX could cross blood brain barrier (BBB) to exert anti-inflammatory and neuroprotecive effects after experimental cortical stroke in rats. Tissue uptake was assessed by injecting radioactively labeled-LDE through the caudal vein into both sham (n=18) and adult Wistar rats submitted to endothelin-1 (ET-1)-induced cortical stroke (n=11). To address possible neuroprotective effects of LDE-MTX after stroke, 10 adult male Wistar rats were randomly allocated in two groups: animals treated with LDE-MTX (1 mg/kg, i.v., n=5) or LDE-alone (i.v., n=5) at 4 hours after stroke induction. Animals were perfused with 0.9% saline and 4% paraformaldehyde at 7 days post-injury. Histopathology was assessed by cresyl violet staining. Mature neuronal bodies (anti-NeuN), astrocytes (anti-GFAP) and microglia (anti-Iba1) were immunolabeled by immunohistochemistry. Scintigraphy technique revealed accumulation of tritiated LDE in different brain regions and in non-neural organs without overt toxicity in both sham and ischemic rats. LDE-MTX treatment induced a 10-fold (1000%) reduction in microglial activation in the ischemic cortex and afforded a 319% increase in neuronal preservation in the ischemic periinfarct region compared to LDE-alone group. There was no effect of LDE-MTX treatment on primary infarct area and astrocytosis. The results suggest that LDE-MTX formulation must be considered a very promising neuroprotective agent for ischemic stroke. Future studies using different concentrations and longer survival times are needed before assessing the suitability of LDE-MTX as a neuroprotective agent for human stroke. Key-words: Stroke, Neuroinflammation, Neuroprotection, Methotrexate, Nanotechlogy, Nanoemulsions. Copy rights belong to original authors. Visit the link for more info

TWiV 625: Fred Murphy, virologist for all seasons

This Week in Virology

Play Episode Listen Later Jun 11, 2020 99:35

Vincent and Rich visit Fred Murphy to hear about his wide-ranging career in virology, spanning many institutions, involving dangerous viruses like rabies virus, Ebolavirus (he took that famous iconic image), Marburg virus, Lassa virus, coronaviruses, and later writing a history of the field. Hosts: Vincent Racaniello and Rich Condit Guest: Frederick A. Murphy Subscribe (free): iTunes, Google Podcasts, RSS, email Become a patron of TWiV! Link for this episode Foundations of Virology/Virus images (UTMB) Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees Send your virology questions and comments to twiv@microbe.tv

rich viruses viral foundations virology marburg virologist ebola virus lassa histopathology twiv

TWiV 625: Fred Murphy, virologist for all seasons

This Week in Virology

Play Episode Listen Later Jun 11, 2020 99:35

Vincent and Rich visit Fred Murphy to hear about his wide-ranging career in virology, spanning many institutions, involving dangerous viruses like rabies virus, Ebolavirus (he took that famous iconic image), Marburg virus, Lassa virus, coronaviruses, and later writing a history of the field. Hosts: Vincent Racaniello and Rich Condit Guest: Frederick A. Murphy Subscribe (free): iTunes, Google Podcasts, RSS, email Become a patron of TWiV! Link for this episode Foundations of Virology/Virus images (UTMB) Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees Send your virology questions and comments to twiv@microbe.tv

rich viruses viral foundations virology marburg virologist ebola virus lassa histopathology twiv

Compensatory hippocampal neurogenesis in the absence of cognitive impairment following experimental hippocampectomy in adult rats

PaperPlayer biorxiv neuroscience

Play Episode Listen Later Jun 6, 2020

Link to bioRxiv paper: http://biorxiv.org/cgi/content/short/2020.06.04.135350v1?rss=1 Authors: Cardoso, G. T., Gomes-Leal, W., Franco, E. C., Gama, J. S., Gomes, F. L., Brino, A. L. F., Lima, S. M. A. Abstract: Temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) is the commonest type of focal epilepsy in adult humans. In refractory TLE, patients are indicated for unilateral resection of the affected hippocampus (hippocampectomy), which generally does not cause any cognitive impairment. Once adult hippocampus is a region of endogenous neurogenesis, we have hypothesized that a compensatory increase in hippocampal neurogenesis might occur in the remaining hippocampus after unilateral hippocampectomy. To test this hypothesis, we performed unilateral hippocampectomy in adult Wistar rats (n=12). Sham animals were not hippocampectomized (n=6). Animals were deeply anesthetized and adjacent cortex and hippocampus of the left hemisphere were completely removed. They were perfused at 15 (G15, n=6) or 30 (G30, n=6) days post-surgery. Behavioral tests were performed to address possible cognitive impairments. We did not find any cognitive impairment in the hippocampectomized animals. Histopathology was performed using thionine staining and mature neurons and migratory neuroblasts were immunolabeled using anti-NeuN and anti-doublecortin (DCX) antibodies, respectively. The remaining hippocampus presented higher numbers of DCX positive cells compared to control (p

The Cumulative Risk Assessment of Hepatotoxic Chemicals: A Hepatic Histopathology Perspective

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Play Episode Listen Later Jun 1, 2020 42:13

Podcast Editor, Tracy Carlson, interviews author John Foster to discuss the article, "The Cumulative Risk Assessment of Hepatotoxic Chemicals: A Hepatic Histopathology Perspective" which can be found in Volume 48, Issue 3 of Toxicologic Pathology. Click here to read the article Click here to view the issue

Understanding the Histopathology of Infectious Diseases

CAPcast

Play Episode Listen Later Jan 17, 2020 9:36

The Atlas of Fundamental Infectious Diseases Histopathology: A Guide for Daily Practice contains real-world, practical information on commonly encountered infectious diseases for all levels of pathologists, from trainees to attendings. In this CAPcast, editor Dr. Bobbi Pritt discusses how the book is designed to be a valuable resource for pathologists, including using algorithms to help study patterns of inflammation for clues to the presence and potential types of organisms. For more information and to purchase the book, please visit https://capatholo.gy/2svyYsK.

infectious diseases daily practice histopathology capcast

HistoWiz: fast histology and an image database for mining from Brooklyn NY w/ Ke Cheng

Digital Pathology Podcast

Play Episode Listen Later Nov 14, 2019 30:20

She is a researcher herself and during her research, she experienced the great histopathology pain point first hand: it was too slow! So to help researchers solve this problem she created a company - Histowiz, which not only provides fast histology services but also provides her customers access to a centralized pathology image database that can be used for data mining and to a large network of pathologists providing telepathology services.In this interview Ke Cheng, the CEO of Histowiz tells the story of her company, explains how Histowiz is different than other digital pathology companies and tells us what the Histowiz team harnesses AI to do for them. To learn more about the company and its offer visit Histowiz website. And to learn about how to automatically tag whole slide images with multiple tags read "Patch Transformer for Multi-tagging Whole Slide Histopathology Images"

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E30-Clinical Predictors of Low-Risk Histopathology for Retinoblastoma- Dr. Sameh Soliman

The Retina Channel Podcast

Play Episode Listen Later Oct 29, 2019 28:38

Dr. Soliman discusses his team's analysis of clinical predictors of low histopathology in eyes that were enucleated because of retinoblastoma. The goal of the study is to find clinical indicators in retinoblastoma that could be used to salvage eyes via eye-preserving treatment methods instead of enucleation.

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Discussing Histopathology - Past, Present, Future

RCPath

Play Episode Listen Later Mar 7, 2019 23:45

While Prof Sir James Underwood gained fellowship with the Royal College of Pathologists in 1984, Dr Matthew Clarke gained associate status in 2015. They both decided to specialise in histopathology, but at different times. Dr Clarke and Sir James discuss changes and similarities in training, sub-specialisation, autopsies, independent working and more in this exciting and stimulating discussion. A few generations apart, what has stayed the same and what has changed? . Full break-down of times below: 00:05 Introductions 00:42 Training in pathology 02:33 Research opportunities 04:31 Molecular pathology 07:50 Changing professional roles 09:07 Digital pathology 12:23 Towards sub-specialisation 15:54 How autopsies have changed 18:49 Independent working 20:55 Choosing histopathology . Prof Sir James Underwood is an Emeritus Professor of Pathology and Past President of the Royal College of Pathologists (2002-2005). Dr Matthew Clarke is a ST3 Clinical Research Fellowship Registrar in Histopathology, also Chair of the Royal College of Pathologist’s Trainees Advisory Committee (TAC). . The conversation was filmed in the new Members Area of the College at 6 Alie Street, London, E1 8QT. All members of the College are welcomed and encouraged to visit. . Produced by: Rachel Berkoff

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TPX October 2018 Podcast: Historical Data: Histopathology Lesions Observed in the Eyes of Control Rabbits in Topical Ocular Administration and Contact Lens Studies

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Play Episode Listen Later Nov 26, 2018 16:45

In this podcast, Editorial Board member Elizabeth McInnes invites authors Nicholas E. Langevin, Kenneth A. Schafer, Oliver C. Turner, Brittany J. McPherson, and Robert E. Rose to discuss their article "Historical Data: Histopathology Lesions Observed in the Eyes of Control Rabbits in Topical Ocular Administration and Contact Lens Studies" featured in the October 2018 issue of Toxicologic Pathology. Click here to read the article.

Giant Cell Arteritis with Leonard Calabrese, DO

Rheuminations

Play Episode Listen Later Jul 10, 2018 18:53

Leonard Calabrese, DO, details the clinical manifestations of giant cell arteritis, the complex scenarios rheumatologists face when working with GCA, and the pathogenesis of this disease. Calabrese also shares clinical pearls and tips for success. Introduction of Leonard Calabrese, DO :12 Goals of this episode :31 The disease that rheumatologists love 1:02 History of giant cell arteritis 1:51 Gene Hunder, MD, defines large vessel involvement in late ‘80s, ‘90s 4:18 Epidemiology of giant cell arteritis 4:32 Manifestations in detail 5:13 Cranial arteritis 5:20 Jaw claudication 6:04 Ocular involvement 6:44 Signs and symptoms 7:03 The most important thing about ocular ischemia in GCA 9:01 Stroke: A major complication of cranial ischemic GCA 9:25 PMR and/or systemic inflammatory presentations 11:33 A more recent presentation: inflammatory disease of unknown origin 12:19 Large vessel presentations 13:12 Diagnosis of GCA is based on clinical suspicion 14:00 Ophthalmologists must have hypervigilance 14:22 It’s a team sport to attack this disease 14:58 Overview of clinical manifestations 15:08 Histopathology 16:10 How the biopsy should be done 16:38 What about healed arteritis? 17:18 What about arteritis of the vasa vasorum? 17:41 Episode recap 17:54 The most important thing to know 18:17 Leonard Calabrese, DO, is head of Cleveland Clinic’s Section of Clinical Immunology, co-director of Center for Vasculitis Care and Research, and chief medical editor of Healio Rheumatology. We’d love to hear from you! Send your comments/questions to rheuminationspodcast@healio.com.

TPX October 2015: Scientific and Regulatory Policy Committee Review: Review of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) Guidance on the GLP Requirements for Peer Review of Histopathology

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Play Episode Listen Later Nov 24, 2015 17:10

This podcast, with Dr. James D Fikes, from Biogen, focuses on the Guidance on the GLP Requirements for Peer Review of Histopathology (guidance # 16) published on September 26, 2014 by the Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). This guidance represents the first such guidance specifically on the process of Peer Review, which is a widely used tool to assure objectivity and accuracy of histopathology data by submitting it to peer analysis and discussion, before becoming official. This guideline is binding for regulatory filings in Europe and is expected to influence practices of other regulatory agencies. The Society of Toxicology Pathology, through its Scientific and Regulatory Committee, undertook a thorough analysis and provided further interpretation of this guideline in order to assist toxicologic pathologists and other scientists interested in the development of medicines, so that the guidance is better implemented in a unified fashion. This guidance clarifies some concepts, such as what is raw data in pathology contributions, and also defines the practices necessary to make this whole process officially acceptable. Dr. Fikes, as the principal author of the publication, represents the Committee’s thinking, and further discusses the impact that this guidance may have outside the OECD countries. Click here to read the full article.

TPX: Nonlesions, Misdiagnoses, Missed Diagnoses, and Other Interpretive Challenges in Fish Histopathology Studies: A Guide for Investigators, Authors, Reviewers, and Readers