Podcast appearances and mentions of Paris Peace Accords

The Fall of Saigon marked the official end of the Vietnam War. On April 30, 1975, North Vietnamese forces captured Saigon, the capital of South Vietnam, bringing about the unconditional surrender of the South Vietnamese government and reunifying Vietnam under communist rule. In early 1975, North Vietnam launched the Spring Offensive, a massive military campaign aimed at defeating South Vietnam. U.S. forces had largely withdrawn after the 1973 Paris Peace Accords, which were supposed to ensure peace and political resolution. However, fighting resumed almost immediately, and by March 1975, North Vietnamese forces began sweeping through the Central Highlands with little resistance. City after city fell—Ban Me Thuot, then Hue, then Da Nang. The South Vietnamese military, riddled with corruption, low morale, and logistical failures, crumbled quickly. By mid-April, the North Vietnamese Army (NVA) had surrounded Saigon. Panic gripped the city. Over two million residents—government officials, soldiers, and civilians—feared brutal retribution from communist forces. The U.S., which had drastically reduced its presence in Vietnam, prepared to evacuate remaining American personnel and as many South Vietnamese allies as possible. The evacuation was codenamed Operation Frequent Wind. It began in earnest on April 29, as NVA shelling closed Tan Son Nhut Airport. Helicopters became the only viable means of escape. U.S. Marine and Air America helicopters shuttled people from the U.S. Embassy and other buildings in Saigon to ships offshore in the South China Sea. Scenes of desperate Vietnamese civilians scaling embassy walls, clinging to departing helicopters, and crowding onto rooftops became iconic images of the war's chaotic end. During the final days, U.S. Ambassador Graham Martin remained in denial, delaying evacuation and worsening the chaos. Only about 7,000 Vietnamese were airlifted out in time. Tens of thousands more were left behind. On the morning of April 30, the last U.S. Marines guarding the embassy were airlifted out under fire. At around 11:30 AM, North Vietnamese tanks crashed through the gates of the Presidential Palace. President Duong Van Minh, who had been appointed only days earlier in a last-ditch effort to negotiate a peaceful handover, surrendered unconditionally. The war was over. Saigon was renamed Ho Chi Minh City, and the South Vietnamese government ceased to exist. Tens of thousands of former South Vietnamese officials, military officers, and intellectuals were sent to reeducation camps. A mass exodus of refugees began—many fled by boat, leading to the “boat people” crisis in the late 1970s and 1980s. The Fall of Saigon was not just a military collapse but a symbol of the United States' failure to achieve its objectives in Vietnam despite years of fighting, enormous casualties, and massive financial investment. It left a deep scar on American foreign policy and military planning and redefined how the U.S. approached future conflicts. We're grateful to UPMC for Life  for sponsoring this event!

Anthony "Tony" Wood grew up in a Marine Corps family and enlisted to begin his own service in 1964. Before long he was commissioned as a USMC officer. His first deployment to Vietnam came shortly after the Tet Offensive. Initially trained as an infantry platoon commander, he soon found himself leading an armored platoon.Wood was deployed to Vietnam again in 1974, long after the signing of the Paris Peace Accords and American forces had gone home. Initially working to solve cases of Americans missing in action, Wood was tasked with planning the evacuation of Americans from Saigon after the North Vietnamese violated the peace agreement and invaded South Vietnam.April 30, 1975, marks 50 years since the fall of Saigon.In this edition of Veterans Chronicles," Col. Wood takes us step by step into how he and others planned the evacuation with virtually no security and very few assets of any kind. He also explains how he had to keep the planning a secret from America's own ambassador to South Vietnam. He also shares the ingenious ways that they camouflaged the evacuation, using cars painted to look like the local police, and bus drivers communicating through very basic but effective means. And Wood explains how the evacuation was impacted by South Vietnamese civilians pouring into the city with the North Vietnamese forces not far behind.We'll also learn details about Wood's first deployment in 1968-1969, how he worked alongside the South Korean Marines' Blue Dragon Brigade, and how the Tet Offensive was horribly misinterpreted by the U.S. media and politicians. 

This Day in Legal History: Paris Peace AccordsOn January 27, 1973, the Paris Peace Accords were signed, formally ending direct U.S. military involvement in the Vietnam War. The agreement, brokered after years of intense negotiations, was signed by representatives from the United States, North Vietnam, South Vietnam, and the Provisional Revolutionary Government of South Vietnam. The key provisions included a ceasefire, the withdrawal of U.S. troops, the release of prisoners of war, and a commitment to peaceful reunification efforts. Dr. Henry Kissinger, serving as the U.S. National Security Advisor, played a pivotal role in negotiating the agreement, earning him the 1973 Nobel Peace Prize, which he controversially shared with North Vietnamese negotiator Lê Đức Thọ, who declined the award.The accords marked a significant moment in Cold War diplomacy, as they sought to halt one of the most controversial conflicts in U.S. history. Despite the agreement, tensions remained high, and fighting between North and South Vietnam continued. Ultimately, the accords failed to establish lasting peace, as North Vietnamese forces launched a successful campaign to reunify Vietnam under communist control in 1975.The accords also addressed humanitarian concerns, including provisions for the return of U.S. prisoners of war, such as those held at the infamous "Hanoi Hilton." The agreements emphasized self-determination for the South Vietnamese people, though political realities on the ground made this challenging. The signing of the Paris Peace Accords underscored the limits of U.S. influence in Vietnam and symbolized a broader shift in American foreign policy, as the nation grappled with the aftermath of its longest war to date.Elon Musk has asked a federal judge in Texas to dismiss a class-action lawsuit accusing him and his political action committee, America PAC, of running an illegal lottery. The lawsuit, filed by Arizona resident Jacqueline McAferty, alleges that Musk misled voters in seven battleground states into signing a petition supporting the U.S. Constitution by offering a chance to win $1 million. McAferty argues that this violated Texas deceptive trade practices laws, as winners were supposedly chosen at random.Musk, however, contends that participants were informed they would be evaluated for opportunities to become America PAC spokespeople, not awarded a random prize. He emphasized that this process did not involve "chance" and thus was not a lottery. Musk also rejected claims that collecting petition signers' personal information caused harm, noting there was no evidence of misuse.The lawsuit, filed on Election Day in 2024, seeks at least $5 million in damages for petition signers. It follows a related legal effort in Philadelphia, where a judge declined to halt Musk's giveaway, ruling it was not an illegal lottery. Musk is a Texas resident, and Tesla, his electric car company, is headquartered in Austin.Elon Musk says $1 million election giveaway wasn't an illegal lottery | ReutersIndian digital news outlets, including those owned by billionaires Gautam Adani and Mukesh Ambani, have joined a copyright lawsuit against OpenAI, alleging unauthorized use of their content to train its AI models. News organizations such as NDTV, Network18, Indian Express, and Hindustan Times argue that OpenAI's "willful scraping" of their material threatens their copyrights and undermines their advertising revenue. This legal filing builds on a prior lawsuit initiated by ANI, India's most prominent news agency, marking a significant escalation in the legal battle.The media outlets accuse OpenAI of prioritizing partnerships with international publishers while neglecting similar agreements with Indian companies, resulting in unfair advantages. OpenAI, however, maintains that its use of publicly available data adheres to fair use principles and asserts that Indian courts lack jurisdiction over its U.S.-based servers. This legal challenge occurs as India's generative AI market is poised for rapid growth, and OpenAI views the country as a key market with a large user base. Critics of OpenAI's practices argue its actions undermine press freedom and could weaken democracy in India. Meanwhile, OpenAI continues to defend its business model, citing partnerships with major global publishers and emphasizing its compliance with copyright laws in other regions.OpenAI to face Indian news firms of Ambani, Adani in copyright battle, documents show | ReutersA wave of new state laws targeting "forever chemicals" (PFAS) in cosmetics took effect this year, reflecting growing concerns over the health and environmental risks of these persistent substances. California, Colorado, and several other states have banned the intentional use of PFAS in products like lipstick and mascara, while broader measures in states such as Minnesota also cover textiles, cookware, and food packaging. PFAS, often used for properties like water resistance or shine, can accumulate in the environment and pose health risks such as cancer, low birth weight, and fertility issues, according to the EPA.Businesses are responding by assessing their supply chains, reformulating products, and removing items from shelves to comply with the patchwork of state laws, which vary in scope. Some companies may adopt nationwide standards based on these bans, while others will adjust their product offerings by jurisdiction. Legal experts warn of additional challenges, including lawsuits over "greenwashing" if products marketed as sustainable or eco-friendly are found to contain PFAS, even unintentionally.Consumer lawsuits have already targeted items like waterproof mascara, disposable tableware, and smartwatch bands for PFAS content, citing false advertising. Meanwhile, some state laws, like those in Maine, acknowledge that PFAS are unavoidable in certain industries, requiring disclosure instead of outright bans. These measures are expected to spur further regulation of chemicals in cosmetics and beyond, particularly at the state level, as consumer demand for "clean beauty" and environmentally friendly products continues to grow.'Forever Chemicals' Reckoning Hits Cosmetics With New State LawsCadwalader, Wickersham & Taft reported a record $638 million in revenue in 2024, a 15% increase driven by its work with Wall Street banks and private credit markets. The firm's strategy combines advising traditional banking clients and expanding its services to private capital providers as both sectors increasingly collaborate. Notable deals include representing BNP Paribas in a $5 billion financing partnership with Apollo-backed ATLAS SP Partners and helping arrange a European middle-market private credit collateralized loan obligation.  The firm's 80 equity partners earned an average of $3.7 million each last year, a 33% increase. Managing Partner Pat Quinn emphasized that Cadwalader's smaller size, with about 430 lawyers and offices in only five cities, fosters close collaboration and a personal touch with clients. Lawyers also benefit from flexible office policies, with partners required to be in four days a week and associates encouraged to attend voluntarily on Mondays.Cadwalader's capital markets, fund finance, and real estate practices performed strongly, while its investigations group expanded into broader corporate conduct matters. The London office also posted record revenue, bolstered by leveraged finance and fund finance work. With rising demand and increasingly complex transactions, Quinn anticipates that 2025 could surpass last year's success.Cadwalader Revenue Jumps 15% as Banks, Private Credit Align This is a public episode. If you'd like to discuss this with other subscribers or get access to bonus episodes, visit www.minimumcomp.com/subscribe

Participants: Dennis Riches and Hiroyuki Hamada. In this lecture, Dennis Riches discusses the final years of the US support for South Vietnam, 1973-1975, and the path followed by Vietnam after the war. The analysis relates this period of the conflict to other wars that the US fought through proxy forces. Another subject is the history of the US failing to honor peace accords and instead continuing conflict through means other than direct military force. The second half of the one-hour recording is a discussion of the lecture with Hiroyuki Hamada.

Ralph Galati shares the story of his harrowing experience as a prisoner of war (POW) during the Vietnam War. Galati's capture occurred during Operation Linebacker, an air campaign aimed at disrupting North Vietnamese supply lines and military infrastructure. On February 16, 1972, while on a mission, Galati's F-4 Phantom II was struck by enemy fire. Ejecting from the aircraft, he and his fellow pilot, Bill Hill, were quickly captured by North Vietnamese forces. They were then transported to the infamous “Hanoi Hilton,” nickname of the Hoa Lo Prison. The conditions at the Hanoi Hilton were severe, with prisoners subjected to physical and psychological torture, malnutrition, and isolation. Despite these conditions, Galati, like many of his fellow POWs, displayed remarkable resilience. The camaraderie among the prisoners was crucial to their survival, as they developed a covert communication system using taps and codes to maintain morale and share information. This support network helped them endure the harsh treatment and isolation imposed by their captors. Galati's faith and determination played a significant role in his ability to withstand the hardships of captivity. He has often spoken about how his belief in God and his love for his family gave him the strength to persevere. His experience as a POW also deepened his sense of duty and commitment to his fellow servicemen, inspiring him to become a strong advocate for veterans' issues after his release. After spending nearly 14 months in captivity, Ralph Galati was released on March 28, 1973, as part of Operation Homecoming, the repatriation of American POWs following the Paris Peace Accords. Upon returning to the United States, he transitioned from active duty to a role in the Air Force Reserves and later pursued a civilian career in business and education. Galati has been an active voice in veteran communities, sharing his story to inspire and educate others about the realities of war and the resilience of the human spirit. He has worked extensively with organizations that support veterans and their families, emphasizing the importance of remembering the sacrifices made by servicemen and women. His story is not just one of survival but also of leadership and service, as he continues to dedicate his life to helping others, particularly those who have served in the military. #vietnamwar  #vietnamveterans  #airforce  #militaryhistory #veteran #interview #veterans #vet #veteransbreakfastclub #vbc #virtualevents #virtual #zoom #zoomevents #liveevent #webinar #military #army #usarmy #navy #usnavy #marinecorps #marines #airforce #pilot #aviators #coastguard #nonprofit #501c3 #history  #militaryveterans #veteransstories #veteranshistory #veteraninterview #veteranshistoryproject #veteransoralhistory #veteranowned #militaryretirees #armyretirees #navyretirees #warstories #vietnam #vietnamwar #vietnamveterans #koreanwar #coldwar #greatestgeneration #wwii #ww2  #worldwar2 #war #americanhistory #oralhistory #podcast  #scuttlebutt #thescuttlebutt #humor #storytelling #headlines #news #roundtable #breakfast  #happyhour #thirtyyearswar  We're grateful to UPMC for Life and Tobacco Free Adagio Health for sponsoring this event!

fWotD Episode 2618: Ed Bradley Welcome to Featured Wiki of the Day, your daily dose of knowledge from Wikipedia’s finest articles.The featured article for Friday, 5 July 2024 is Ed Bradley.Edward Rudolph Bradley Jr. (June 22, 1941 – November 9, 2006) was an American broadcast journalist and news anchor who is best known for reporting with 60 Minutes and CBS News. After graduating from Cheyney State College, Bradley became a teacher and part-time radio disc jockey and reporter in Philadelphia, where his first major story was covering the 1964 Philadelphia race riot. He moved to New York City in 1967 and worked for WCBS as a radio news reporter. Four years later, Bradley moved to Paris, France, where he covered the Paris Peace Accords as a stringer for CBS News. In 1972, he transferred to Vietnam and covered the Vietnam War and the Cambodian Civil War, coverage for which he won Alfred I. duPont and George Polk awards. Bradley moved to Washington, D. C. following the wars and covered Jimmy Carter's first presidential campaign. He became CBS News' first African American White House correspondent, holding the position from 1976 to 1978. During this time, Bradley also anchored the Sunday night broadcast of the CBS Evening News, a position he held until 1981.In 1981, Bradley joined 60 Minutes. While working for CBS News and 60 Minutes, he reported on approximately 500 stories and won numerous Peabody and Emmy awards for his work. He covered a wide range of topics, including the rescue of Vietnamese refugees, segregation in the United States, the AIDS epidemic in Africa, and sexual abuse within the Catholic Church. Bradley died in 2006 of leukemia.This recording reflects the Wikipedia text as of 00:52 UTC on Friday, 5 July 2024.For the full current version of the article, see Ed Bradley on Wikipedia.This podcast uses content from Wikipedia under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License.Visit our archives at wikioftheday.com and subscribe to stay updated on new episodes.Follow us on Mastodon at @wikioftheday@masto.ai.Also check out Curmudgeon's Corner, a current events podcast.Until next time, I'm standard Nicole.

The National Security Hour with Gen Paul E. Vallely, Edward Haugland & Mary Fanning – What was concealed and covered up from the American people for decades and how this information relates to what is happening before us in America today. What took place in Afghanistan is but one hint. In a roundtable discussion, we discuss why those who do not learn history are doomed to repeat it. What we are watching unfold at our borders and our ports is...

The National Security Hour with Gen Paul E. Vallely, Edward Haugland & Mary Fanning – What was concealed and covered up from the American people for decades and how this information relates to what is happening before us in America today. What took place in Afghanistan is but one hint. In a roundtable discussion, we discuss why those who do not learn history are doomed to repeat it. What we are watching unfold at our borders and our ports is...

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Here are some historical events that occurred on January 5 throughout world history:1066: Edward the Confessor, the King of England, died, leading to the events that would eventually result in the Norman Conquest of England.1781: A British naval expedition led by Benedict Arnold burned Richmond, Virginia during the American Revolutionary War.1846: The United States House of Representatives voted to stop sharing the Oregon Territory with the United Kingdom.1925: Nellie Tayloe Ross of Wyoming became the first female governor in the United States.1972: U.S. President Richard Nixon announced the suspension of offensive action in North Vietnam, leading to the Paris Peace Accords.1993: The oil tanker MV Braer ran aground on the Shetland Islands, causing a massive oil spill.1998: Nineteen European nations agreed to prohibit human cloning.2005: Eris, the largest known dwarf planet in our solar system, was discovered by astronomers using images taken in 2003.These events cover a range of historical periods and showcase the diversity of significant occurrences on January 5 in different years.Podcast Website:https://atozenglishpodcast.com/a-to-z-this-day-in-world-history-january-5th/Social Media:WeChat account ID: atozenglishpodcastFacebook Group: https://www.facebook.com/groups/671098974684413/Tik Tok:@atozenglish1Instagram:@atozenglish22Twitter:@atozenglish22A to Z Facebook Page:https://www.facebook.com/theatozenglishpodcastCheck out our You Tube Channel:https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCds7JR-5dbarBfas4Ve4h8ADonate to the show: https://app.redcircle.com/shows/9472af5c-8580-45e1-b0dd-ff211db08a90/donationsRobin and Jack started a new You Tube channel called English Word Master. You can check it out here:https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC2aXaXaMY4P2VhVaEre5w7ABecome a member of Podchaser and leave a positive review!https://www.podchaser.com/podcasts/the-a-to-z-english-podcast-4779670Join our Whatsapp group: https://forms.gle/zKCS8y1t9jwv2KTn7Intro/Outro Music: Daybird by Broke for FreeSupport this podcast at — https://redcircle.com/the-a-to-z-english-podcast/donationsAdvertising Inquiries: https://redcircle.com/brandsPrivacy & Opt-Out: https://redcircle.com/privacy

Henry Kissinger's death in November renewed attention to his foreign policies as National Security Advisor and Secretary of State. KCSB's Joyce Chi talked to Dr. Salim Yaqub, a professor of history at UCSB, to try to answer the question: what will Henry Kissinger's legacy be? ----- TIMESTAMPS 00:01:45 - beginnings 00:18:36 - détente & Cold War strategy 00:25:30 - relationship with China 00:31:00 - Paris Peace Accords & the end of the Vietnam War 00:39:15 - domino theory 00:45:18 - Cambodia, Operation Menu, & the rise of the Khmer Rouge 00:52:25 - Bangladesh genocide 00:59:35 - the 1973 Arab-Israeli War 01:12:42 - ingenious ideas, a terrible paradox, & popularity with the powerful 01:23:42 - what will Kissinger's legacy be? ----- Music used: Rate Sheet, 3rd Chair, Locker 08, Delmendra, Soothe by Blue Dot Sessions; Hot Pink, Edgeworthia, Pilgrim's Progress by Chad Crouch Additional audio courtesy of PBS NewsHour Artwork based on Kissinger's official portrait as Secretary of State

pWotD Episode 2403: Henry Kissinger Welcome to popular Wiki of the Day where we read the summary of a popular Wikipedia page every day.With 2,670,835 views on Thursday, 30 November 2023 our article of the day is Henry Kissinger.Henry Alfred Kissinger ( KISS-ən-jər; born Heinz Alfred Kissinger; May 27, 1923 – November 29, 2023) was an American politician, diplomat, political scientist, and geopolitical consultant. He served as United States secretary of state and national security advisor in the presidential administrations of Richard Nixon and Gerald Ford and played a prominent role in United States foreign policy between 1969 and 1977. Kissinger pioneered the policy of détente with the Soviet Union, orchestrated an opening of relations with China, engaged in what became known as shuttle diplomacy in the Middle East to end the Yom Kippur War, and negotiated the Paris Peace Accords, which ended American involvement in the Vietnam War. He has also been associated with controversial policies, such as the U. S. bombing of Cambodia during the Vietnam War, Operation Condor, U. S. involvement in the 1973 Chilean military coup, a "green light" to Argentina's military junta for their Dirty War, and U. S. support for Pakistan during the Bangladesh Liberation War despite a genocide being perpetrated by Pakistan. Kissinger was a Jewish refugee who fled Nazi Germany with his family in 1938. In the United States, he excelled academically and graduated summa cum laude from Harvard College in 1950, where he studied political science under William Yandell Elliott. He earned his Master of Arts and Doctor of Philosophy at Harvard University in 1951 and 1954, respectively. He then had a prominent academic career at Harvard before moving onto government.After leaving government, he formed Kissinger Associates, an international geopolitical consulting firm. Kissinger wrote over a dozen books on diplomatic history and international relations. Kissinger's legacy is a polarizing subject in American politics. He has been widely considered by scholars to be an effective secretary of state but is condemned for turning a blind eye to war crimes committed by American allies due to his support of a pragmatic approach to politics called Realpolitik. For his actions negotiating a ceasefire in the Vietnam War, Kissinger received the 1973 Nobel Peace Prize under controversial circumstances.This recording reflects the Wikipedia text as of 03:03 UTC on Friday, 1 December 2023.For the full current version of the article, see Henry Kissinger on Wikipedia.This podcast uses content from Wikipedia under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License.Visit our archives at wikioftheday.com and subscribe to stay updated on new episodes.Follow us on Mastodon at @wikioftheday@masto.ai.Also check out Curmudgeon's Corner, a current events podcast.Until next time, I'm Ivy Neural.

Henry Kissinger, a towering figure in American foreign policy and a key architect of U.S. diplomacy during the Cold War, died at his home in Connecticut at the age of 100. Kissinger's death marks the end of an era in international politics, with his legacy characterized by significant achievements and enduring controversies. Serving under Presidents Nixon and Ford, Kissinger was instrumental in shaping U.S. foreign policy. His tenure as Secretary of State was marked by a series of diplomatic maneuvers that significantly impacted international relations. A Nobel Peace Prize laureate, Kissinger's most notable accomplishments include brokering the Paris Peace Accords, which effectively ended U.S. involvement in the Vietnam War. His approach to diplomacy, often referred to as 'realpolitik,' emphasized practical and pragmatic solutions over ideological commitments, a stance that would shape American foreign policy for decades. However, Kissinger's legacy is not without controversy. His role in the U.S. bombing campaign in Cambodia and allegations of involvement in human rights abuses have sparked significant debate and criticism. These actions continue to be a subject of contention among historians and political analysts. Kissinger's death comes at a time when the world is still grappling with many of the geopolitical realities he helped shape. His influence on international relations and U.S. foreign policy will be a subject of study and discussion for years to come. Kissinger is survived by his family and a legacy that, while celebrated for its achievements, remains complex and polarizing. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

The Vietnam War was a long, costly and divisive conflict that pitted the communist government of North Vietnam against South Vietnam and its principal ally, the United States. The conflict was intensified by the ongoing Cold War between the United States and the Soviet Union. More than 3 million people (including over 58,000 Americans) were killed in the Vietnam War, and more than half of the dead were Vietnamese civilians.  Opposition to the war in the United States bitterly divided Americans, even after President Richard Nixon signed the Paris Peace Accords and ordered the withdrawal of U.S. forces in 1973. Communist forces ended the war by seizing control of South Vietnam in 1975, and the country was unified as the Socialist Republic of Vietnam the following year.  #truecrime #truecrimecommunity #truecrimepodcast #crime #murder #podcast #truecrimeaddict #serialkiller #serialkillers #truecrimejunkie #horror #unsolved #murderino #podcastersofinstagram #truecrimeobsessed #mystery #ssdgm #truecrimefan #killer #truecrimememes #creepy #unsolvedmysteries #paranormal #podcasts #tedbundy #history #criminal #podcasting #scary #murdermystery,  #Viewerdiscretion  #Carlin #podcast #truecrimeaddict #serialkiller #serialkillers #truecrimejunkie #horror #unsolved #murderino #podcastersofinstagram #truecrimeobsessed #mystery #ssdgm #truecrimefan #killer #truecrimememes #creepy #Viewerdiscretion  #Carlin #Georgecarlin #love #TFLers #tweegram #photooftheday #20likes #amazing #smile #follow4follow #like4like #look #instalike #igers #picoftheday #food #instadaily #instafollow #followme #girl #iphoneonly #instagood #bestoftheday #instacool #instago #all_shots #follow #webstagram #colorful #style #swag #amazing #followme #all_shots #textgram #family #instago #igaddict #awesome #girls #instagood #my #bored #baby #music #red #green #water #harrystyles #bestoftheday #black #party #white #yum #flower #2012 #night #instalove #niallhoran #jj_forum #love #instagood #me #tbt #cute #follow #followme #photooftheday #happy #tagforlikes #beautiful #self #girl #picoftheday #like4like #smile #friends #fun #like #fashion #Cobain#explore #fridayfuckery #podcastlife #podcasts #youtube #book #deus #fy #fyp #interview #podcasthost #radio #90s #apple #applepodcasts #author #bringingthefuckery #comedy #richardpryor #80s #standup #comedians #actors #multiplesclerosis #goat #superman #death #actors # #richardpryor #pryor #blackcomedians #richardpryor #pryor #blackcomedians #funny #funnymemes #funnyvideos #funnymeme #funnyshit #funnyreels #funnyvideo #funnypictures #funnyposts #funnyvines #funnyreel #funnytime #funnyvideosdaily #funnyreels

A prominent American Diplomat, and influential American statesmen, Henry Kissinger is a name known around the world. Serving as National Security Advisor and later as Secretary of State under Presidents Nixon and Ford, he prioritised national interests over ideological concerns. Known for his involvement in significant diplomatic initiatives, including the opening of relations with China and the negotiation of the Paris Peace Accords, his influence was global. However, his actions and policies have also been subject to criticism, particularly regarding human rights abuses and covert operations during his tenure. So who was Henry Kissinger, and does he deserve the reputation he has?In this episode James welcomes Professor Thomas Schwartz from Vanderbilt University, to delve into the life and career of Henry Kissinger. Looking at his early childhood in Nazi Germany, his early political career and education, along with his involvement in the several global conflicts and peace agreements - is it possible to define who Henry Kissinger was, and what can we learn about his legacy?You can buy Thomas' book here.Senior Producer was Elena Guthrie. The Assistant Producer was Annie Coloe. Edited by Annie Coloe.If you'd like to learn even more, we have hundreds of history documentaries, ad free podcasts and audiobooks at History Hit - subscribe today! To download, go to Android or Apple store. Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

May 12, 2023 ~ Full Show. Title 42 expires. Dave Trott Former Republican Congressman tells us about the new Republican Common Sense Party. Retired Brigadier General Doug Slocum, Former Air Wing Commander for 127th Fighter Group at Selfridge Air National Guard Base commemorates the 50th anniversary of the Paris Peace Accords. Senior News Analyst Lloyd Jackson has a story of in the influx of calls to Ingham County 911 during the MSU campus shooting. Senior News Analyst Marie Osborne discusses Republican presidential candidate Vivek Ramaswamy proposing changing the voting age to 25. Attorney Todd Flood breaks down the charges against Daniel Penny, the man accused of killing Jordan Neely, a homeless man on a NYC subway train and Chris Ruzzin previews this weekend's Miracle League fundraiser Saturday at 5pm at Bowlero Lanes in Royal Oak.

Welcome to Ep 3 of The Baron 52 MIA Mystery "DoD Misclassification DIA Intel Failure" with the former Deputy Assistant Secretary of Defense POW/MIA Office, Dr. Roger Shields. Link to all official documents discussed in this episode can be viewed here: https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/1pe4mdaE9m14egj5PcZFdo-i6jvS3RSDZ?usp=share_link In this episode, Dr. Shields takes us through his time in the DoD handling POW/MIA issues, negotiations with the DRV during the Paris Peace Accords, Operation Homecoming and Baron 52! Host's of the Baron 52 Series Podcast: John Bear, lead researcher and host John Matejov and Mary Matejov Salzinger, siblings and Primary Next of Kin of Sgt Joseph Matejov who is the subject of this podcast. 361st TEWS Squadron family member, fellow researcher and Matejov family supporter, Heather Atherton. Heather is the daughter of Lt Michael Moore who was a pilot in the 361st TEWS Squadron (known as the "Front Enders" on the EC-47 aircraft. Heather is a board member of nonprofit “Legacies of War” an organization that educates the public about the American secret war in Laos and works to remove unexploded ordnances still impacting lives today. Find our podcast, Stories of Sacrifice on your favorite podcast player or visit https://www.storiesofsacrifice.org/ How You Can Help: All money raised goes to support our Podcast and our POW/MIA Family Research where we are directly involved in the repatriation of WW2 POW/MIA's. Direct Support - https://paypal.me/JBear213 Please visit our affiliate links that help support our Podcast and POW/MIA research. I will earn a small commission at no extra cost to you! Keep in mind that I link these companies and their products because of their quality and not because of the commission I receive from your purchases. All money earned goes to support our Podcast and support to POW/MIA family research. Flipside Canvas - Owned by Medal of Honor recipient Dakota Meyer (USMC). At Flipside Canvas, we believe that art offers an opportunity to showcase your commitment to empowering yourself and others. High quality materials that will last 100+ years. All our art comes stretched and ready to hang on your wall. 100% Made in America using locally sourced and manufactured materials. https://flipsidecanvas.com/?ref=SOSPodcast The Home Depot - Is not only for the Do It Yourself building and construction projects, you have access to over two million products ranging from small appliances to your everyday needs for the home, RV travel to camping. Purchase online and pick up your order at your local Home Depot free of charge or ship it to your home! The sky is the limit on the products offered by the Home Depot! https://homedepot.sjv.io/SOSPodcast FAIR USE NOTICE - These videos may contain copyrighted material the use of which has not been specifically authorized by the copyright owner. In accordance with Title 17 U.S.C. Section 107, such material has been referenced to advance understanding of political, human rights, ecological, economic, scientific, moral, ethical, and social justice issues. This constitutes a "fair use" of any such material as provided for in section 107 of the US Copyright Law. #Baron52 #SgtJosephMatejov #MissingInAction #POWMIA #Laos #DrRogerShields #OperationHomecoming --- Send in a voice message: https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/storiesofsacrifice/message Support this podcast: https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/storiesofsacrifice/support

  Episode 2500 of the Vietnam Veteran News Podcast will feature an explanation of why April 30 is the darkest day of the year for the Vietnamese Diaspora in America. On January 27, 1973 The Paris Peace Accords were signed. … Continue reading →

Fifty years ago the U.S. agreed to withdraw the last of its forces from Vietnam. After years of excruciating negotiations held as the combatants lost tens of  thousands of casualties, the Paris Peace Accords of 1973 were heralded by President Richard Nixon as "peace with honor." But everyone who signed the accords knew peace was not in the offing. Two years later, in late April 1975, Saigon fell to the Communists. In this episode, historian Carolyn Eisenberg of Hofstra University and peace-building expert Andrew Wells-Dang of the U.S. Institute of Peace reflect on the meaning of the Paris Accords and the restoration of diplomatic relations between the U.S. and Vietnam more than twenty years later. Is it possible to heal war's wounds?

50 years ago, direct U.S. involvement in the Vietnam war officially ended as the last remaining combat troops and prisoners of war (POWs) returned to American soil. It was a complex moment for the country as the war was deeply unpopular and ended in defeat. More than 58,000 Americans died in the war, and three million Vietnamese. Fredrik Logevall told Under the Radar that Americans were ready for the war to be over: "I think they felt on some level, many of them, conflicted. They wanted these deaths to be justified, for this to matter." After the Paris Peace Accords were signed on January 27th, 1973, American POWs were sent home in February and March. “The prettiest thing I ever saw was when I looked out the window and saw the golden gate," one POW told KPIX in 1973, shortly after walking off the plane at an Air Force Base in California. "I want you all to remember that we walked out of Hanoi as winners. We're not walking with our tail between our legs. We return with honor.” But the horrors of war can be hard to forget. Tim Sullivan spent about five years at the "Hanoi Hilton," an infamous Vietnamese prison, and described to Under the Radar what happened soon after his plane was shot down: "I ended up being interrogated right after I got there and went through probably three or four hours of basic interrogation. They were doing the, 'I'll ask you a question, you give me an answer, if I don't like it, I'll smack you until I get the answer I like.'" Now, a half century after [Operation Homecoming](htthttps://www.nationalmuseum.af.mil/Visit/Museum-Exhibits/Fact-Sheets/Display/Article/197496/operation-homecoming/), the prisoner experience at the "Hanoi Hilton" is recreated in a new Massachusetts exhibit. "The cells that we have are actual cells that came from the 'Hanoi Hilton' in Vietnam. So when you walk into them you're getting the feeling of what it was like to be in these cells, and one of the most powerful torture techniques is actually isolation. And the guys will tell you they spent sometimes four or five years in solitary confinement..." Under the Radar gets a first-person account of the POW experience and expert analysis as the country reflects on the 50 years since withdrawing from the Vietnam War. GUESTS Tim Sullivan, Vietnam War veteran and former prisoner of war Rob Collings, president of the American Heritage Museum Fredrik Logevall, professor of International Affairs at the John F. Kennedy School of Government and professor of History at Harvard University, author of the Pulitzer Prize-winning book, Embers of War: The Fall of an Empire and the Making of America's Vietnam

Most people know that Watergate was the biggest scandal in American history but few know many details. Listen to what actually occurred at the Watergate complex, how it was only part of a much broader campaign of corruption, and why Richard Nixon became the only U.S. president to resign from office. 

Maxwell Air Force Base will honor former Vietnam War POWs (and POWs of other wars) with Operation Homecoming. Maxwell AFB was one of ten bases selected to receive 43 returning POWs after the Paris Peace Accords in 1973.  Lt. Col. Christopher Troutman, Project Officer, talks with Carolyn Hutcheson, In Focus host, about the events, to which the public is invited.

Sgt Joseph A. Matejov joined the U.S. Air Force from New York and was a member of the 6994th Security Squadron. On 5 February 1973, he was one of eight crew members aboard an EC-47Q (serial number 43-48636) call sign "Baron 52" on a night reconnaissance mission over Saravane Province, Laos that was shot down during the predawn hours, a week after the Paris Peace Accords officially ended the United States involvement in the Vietnam War. Find our podcast, Stories of Sacrifice on your favorite podcast player or visit https://www.storiesofsacrifice.org/ How You Can Help: All money raised goes to support our Podcast and our POW/MIA Family Research where we are directly involved in the repatriation of WW2 POW/MIA's. Direct Support - https://paypal.me/JBear213 Please visit our affiliate links that help support our Podcast and POW/MIA research. I will earn a small commission at no extra cost to you! Keep in mind that I link these companies and their products because of their quality and not because of the commission I receive from your purchases. All money earned goes to support our Podcast and support to POW/MIA family research. Flipside Canvas - Owned by Medal of Honor recipient Dakota Meyer (USMC). At Flipside Canvas, we believe that art offers an opportunity to showcase your commitment to empowering yourself and others. High quality materials that will last 100+ years. All our art comes stretched and ready to hang on your wall. 100% Made in America using locally sourced and manufactured materials. https://flipsidecanvas.com/?ref=SOSPodcast The Home Depot - Is not only for the Do It Yourself building and construction projects, you have access to over two million products ranging from small appliances to your everyday needs for the home, RV travel to camping. Purchase online and pick up your order at your local Home Depot free of charge or ship it to your home! The sky is the limit on the products offered by the Home Depot! https://homedepot.sjv.io/SOSPodcast FAIR USE NOTICE These videos/audio may contain copyrighted material the use of which has not been specifically authorized by the copyright owner. In accordance with Title 17 U.S.C. Section 107, such material has been referenced to advance understanding of political, human rights, ecological, economic, scientific, moral, ethical, and social justice issues. This constitutes a "fair use" of any such material as provided for in section 107 of the US Copyright Law. #Baron52 #SgtJosephMatejov #Baron52 #VietnamWar --- Send in a voice message: https://anchor.fm/storiesofsacrifice/message Support this podcast: https://anchor.fm/storiesofsacrifice/support

  Mark Moyar’s audio in this episode is provided courtesy of the Richard Nixon Foundation. (Commemorating the 50th Anniversary of the Paris Peace Accords, Jan. 26, 2023) Episode 2444 of the Vietnam Veteran News Podcast will feature a speech by … Continue reading →

Sgt Joseph A. Matejov joined the U.S. Air Force from New York and was a member of the 6994th Security Squadron. On 5 February 1973, he was a crew member aboard an EC-47Q (serial number 43-48636) call sign "Baron 52" on a night reconnaissance mission over Saravane Province, Laos. Baron 52 was the EC-47 was carrying eight crew members that was shot down over Laos during the predawn hours of 5 February 1973, a week after the Paris Peace Accords officially ended the United States involvement in the Vietnam War. The remains of four crewmen were recovered from the crash site, but those of the remaining four have never been found. Although the U.S. government considers them to have been killed in action and as late as 1996 listed them as "accounted for", family members and POW/MIA advocates believe the four survived the crash. The incident has been featured on several nationwide news programs and a 1991 episode of the U.S. television series Unsolved Mysteries. Find our podcast, Stories of Sacrifice on your favorite podcast player or visit https://www.storiesofsacrifice.org/ How You Can Help: All money raised goes to support our Podcast and our POW/MIA Family Research where we are directly involved in the repatriation of WW2 POW/MIA's. Direct Support - https://paypal.me/JBear213 Please visit our affiliate links that help support our Podcast and POW/MIA research. I will earn a small commission at no extra cost to you! Keep in mind that I link these companies and their products because of their quality and not because of the commission I receive from your purchases. All money earned goes to support our Podcast and support to POW/MIA family research. Flipside Canvas - Owned by Medal of Honor recipient Dakota Meyer (USMC). At Flipside Canvas, we believe that art offers an opportunity to showcase your commitment to empowering yourself and others. High quality materials that will last 100+ years. All our art comes stretched and ready to hang on your wall. 100% Made in America using locally sourced and manufactured materials. https://flipsidecanvas.com/?ref=SOSPodcast The Home Depot - Is not only for the Do It Yourself building and construction projects, you have access to over two million products ranging from small appliances to your everyday needs for the home, RV travel to camping. Purchase online and pick up your order at your local Home Depot free of charge or ship it to your home! The sky is the limit on the products offered by the Home Depot! https://homedepot.sjv.io/SOSPodcast FAIR USE NOTICE These videos may contain copyrighted material the use of which has not been specifically authorized by the copyright owner. In accordance with Title 17 U.S.C. Section 107, such material has been referenced to advance understanding of political, human rights, ecological, economic, scientific, moral, ethical, and social justice issues. This constitutes a "fair use" of any such material as provided for in section 107 of the US Copyright Law. #Baron52 #SgtJosephMatejov #FamilyInterview --- Send in a voice message: https://anchor.fm/storiesofsacrifice/message Support this podcast: https://anchor.fm/storiesofsacrifice/support

60 Minutes PG-13 Thomas777 is a revisionist historian and a fiction writer Thomas talks about the Paris Peace Accords that ended the Vietnam war and answers questions about what led up to its end This episode was originally a Livestream for The Old Glory Club Old Glory Club YouTube Channel Old Glory Club Substack Thomas' Substack Thomas' Book "Steelstorm Pt. 1" Thomas' Book "Steelstorm Pt. 2" Thomas on Twitter Get Autonomy 19 Skills PDF Download The Monopoly On Violence Support Pete on His Website Pete's Patreon Pete's Substack Pete's Subscribestar GabPay - @petequinones Pete's Venmo Pete on Facebook Pete on Twitter

50 years ago this month (January) was the signing of the Paris Peace Accords, which ended major U.S. combat operations in the Vietnam War. To look back on the air campaigns that were so crucial to that war, we talk with Michael Weaver, professor at the U.S. Air Force's Air Command and Staff College and author of 'The Air War in Vietnam' from Texas Tech University Press. Join as we look at the use of air power in Southeast Asia and talk about some of the legacies it leaves behind. Weaver's comments are his alone and do not reflect the policies of Air University, the Air Force, or the Department of Defense.

Episode 2434 of the Vietnam Veteran News Podcast will feature a story about the stops and starts and the final signings of the Paris Peace Accords on January 27, 2023.  The featured story is titled: Fifty years since the beginning … Continue reading →

Fifty years ago today (January 27, 1973), the United States' military involvement in the Vietnam War came to an end, with the signing of the Paris Peace Accords. We mark that occasion by bringing back our episode on two brave reporters, who risked their lives and their reputations during the war in Vietnam, to reveal the truth to the American people about what was happening there. Both describe here - how and when they realized the United States government was lying about the causes and the scope of the war. And both eloquently explain their views on the role of the journalist as a witness and an adversary of government. Neil Sheehan, who died earlier this month, also talks about his role in exposing the Pentagon Papers in the pages of the New York Times. And he details why he was driven to spend over 13 years writing a definitive history of the war, called "A Bright Shining Lie," which won the Pulitzer Prize. Mr. Halberstam, who won the Pulitzer during the war, went on to write one of the other most important accounts of U.S. involvement in Vietnam: "The Best and the Brightest."

A veteran of the Vietnam War Colonel Jack Jacobs joins Sid and Friends in the Morning on the 50th anniversary of the Paris Peace Accords to talk about his experience with the war. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

On this Friday edition of Sid & Friends in the Morning, we take part in remembering the millions of lives lost during the Holocaust and those who have been subject to antisemitism, and we recognize The Paris Peace Accords, known officially the Agreement on Ending the War and Restoring Peace in Vietnam, a peace treaty signed on January 27th, 1973, to establish peace in Vietnam and end the Vietnam War. In news of the day, the Sid vs. Chris Cuomo feud continues to escalate, New York City Mayor Eric Adams delivers his State of the City Address, President Biden takes to the podium just to denounce MAGA Republicans once again, Ron DeSantis calls for a change in personnel at the RNC, and New York Rangers owner James Dolan threatens to cut off the sale of booze for Rangers games at The Garden. Rabbi Joseph Potasnik, Curtis Sliwa, Lester Chang, Colonel Jack Jacobs, Joe Tacopina, Rudy Giuliani and Mike Daddino join the program, and as always make sure you don't miss out on the "Football Friday" installment of The Peerless Boilers Sid's Take Contest. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

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Episode 2431 of the Vietnam Veteran News Podcast will feature an interview produced by a friend of this podcast Andy Pham. The interview will explore the background behind a soon to be published book titled: Fire and Rain: Nixon, Kissinger … Continue reading →

A majority of French people disapprove of the government proposal to raise the retirement age from 62 to 64-years-old. Women could come off worse than men, and it will involve addressing senior employment, which France does not do particularly well. And how the Paris Peace Accords, marking a temporary end to the Vietnam war, were signed 50 years ago in the French capital. The French government's proposed pension reform, which would raise the minimum retirement age has unleashed a new wave of strikes and protests, drawing a record 1.3 million people into the streets on 18 January. Some opponents say everyone will loose out in the reform, though an official report suggests women may fare worse by having to work on average seven extra months – compared to five for men – in order to even out the gender imbalance. On the street, women expressed anger at being asked to work longer in what are already difficult jobs. (Listen @58'') Opposition parties on the hard left and hard right are opposed to the reform, but some members of the ruling coalition are also expressing concern. MP and former environment minister, Barbara Pompili, has said that she cannot vote on the legislation as it stands, and is pushing for amendments to make it fairer, especially for people who started working young, and for older workers. (Listen @10'27'') France has a problem with employing seniors – people aged 55 and over – and this could become an even bigger issue if the retirement age is raised to 64. Hervé Boulhol, senior economist at the OECD, says that contrary to popular opinion previous increases in retirement have not led to more unemployment among seniors. (Listen @14'50'') The agreement to end the Vietnam war was signed in Paris on 27 January 1973, after nearly five years of difficult negotiations between the US and communist North Vietnam. France was a logical place to hold the peace talks because of its historical links to Vietnam – a French colony until 1954. (Listen @22'40'') Episode mixed by Cecile Pompeani. Spotlight on France is a podcast from Radio France International. Find us on rfienglish.com, iTunes (link here), Spotify (link here), Google podcasts (link here), or your favourite podcast app (pod.link/1573769878).

A majority of French people disapprove of the government proposal to raise the retirement age from 62 to 64-years-old. Women could come off worse than men, and it will involve addressing senior employment, which France does not do particularly well. And how the Paris Peace Accords, marking a temporary end to the Vietnam war, were signed 50 years ago in the French capital. The French government's proposed pension reform, which would raise the minimum retirement age has unleashed a new wave of strikes and protests, drawing a record 1.3 million people into the streets on 18 January. Some opponents say everyone will loose out in the reform, though an official report suggests women may fare worse by having to work on average seven extra months – compared to five for men – in order to even out the gender imbalance. On the street, women expressed anger at being asked to work longer in what are already difficult jobs. (Listen @58'')Opposition parties on the hard left and hard right are opposed to the reform, but some members of the ruling coalition are also expressing concern. MP and former environment minister, Barbara Pompili, has said that she cannot vote on the legislation as it stands, and is pushing for amendments to make it fairer, especially for people who started working young, and for older workers. (Listen @10'27'')France has a problem with employing seniors – people aged 55 and over – and this could become an even bigger issue if the retirement age is raised to 64. Hervé Boulhol, senior economist at the OECD, says that contrary to popular opinion previous increases in retirement have not led to more unemployment among seniors. (Listen @14'50'')The agreement to end the Vietnam war was signed in Paris on 27 January 1973, after nearly five years of difficult negotiations between the US and communist North Vietnam. France was a logical place to hold the peace talks because of its historical links to Vietnam – a French colony until 1954. (Listen @22'40'')Episode mixed by Cecile Pompeani.Spotlight on France is a podcast from Radio France International. Find us on rfienglish.com, iTunes (link here), Spotify (link here), Google podcasts (link here), or your favourite podcast app (pod.link/1573769878).

At the close of the Paris Peace Accords, the US and Vietnam agreed to return any POWs to their home country -- however, for decades after the close of the conflict, people in country reported seeing missing American soldiers, sometimes held by foreign officials, sometimes on their own in the jungle. So what happened to the hundreds of missing soldiers in the Vietnam War... and how much did the US government actually know about i99th? They don't want you to read our book.They don't want you to read our book.: https://static.macmillan.com/static/fib/stuff-you-should-read/See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Hello Interactors,Unexpected extreme meteorological events on Biblical scales are happening all around the globe. Their intensity and frequency is only going to increase. Who will survive and who will die may come down to who chooses the right path. As interactors, you’re special individuals self-selected to be a part of an evolutionary journey. You’re also members of an attentive community so I welcome your participation.Please leave your comments below or email me directly.Now let’s go…ONE IN A THOUSAND“As it was in the days of Noah, so it will be at the coming of the Son of Man.For in the days before the flood, people were eating and drinking, marrying and giving in marriage, up to the day Noah entered the ark; and they knew nothing about what would happen until the flood came and took them all away. That is how it will be at the coming of the Son of Man.Two men will be in the field; one will be taken and the other left.Two women will be grinding with a hand mill; one will be taken and the other left.Therefore keep watch, because you do not know on what day your Lord will come.”Matthew 24:37-42At 2 a.m. their Lord came. And then the flood. A woman, Amber, and a man, Riley, rushed to wake two boys and two girls: Madison, Riley Jr., Nevaeh, and Chance. Ages eight, six, four, and two. The water was filling their trailer home like a bathtub. But this was not just any flood.Civil engineers plan for floods like this. Flash floods. They mold networks of linear concrete channels directing water to rush into cavernous catchments…sometimes at blistering speeds. Civil engineers take great pride in trying to control nature. The British civil engineer credited with birthing the discipline, Thomas Tredgold, once said, “Engineering is the art of directing the great sources of power in nature for the use and convenience of man.” The power of these floods could not be directed. The cleverly engineered network of pipes, culverts, and catchments were eviscerated. Useless. Inconvenient to man.Seeing the water rise around them, gushing from all directions, the family of four headed for higher ground – their roof. But it wasn’t high enough, so onto a dangling limb they climbed. The water followed. Chunks of their home ripped from its frame as they clung to the tree. They watched as their home rose from its footings and swirled in the torrent.Have you ever submerged a rubber ball to the bottom of a pool, released it, and watch as it rushes to the surface with a pop? That’s the work of buoyancy force. It’s the same force that works against you swimming to the bottom to release it. It takes just two feet of flood water to exert 1500 pounds of buoyancy force. Imagine the force of 20 feet of rushing water? This flood was tossing SUVs like pool toys. Those four kids didn’t stand a chance. Only mom and dad survived.The U.S. Southeastern state of Kentucky was hit with a series of sudden thunderstorms last week. The death toll has climbed to 37. The town of Jackson, just west of Lexington, saw their entire average August rainfall of four inches pour down in just 12 hours. The National Weather Service estimated a storm like this may occur just once in 1000 years.They said that in 2015 about a rainstorm in South Carolina. Two regions there saw 10 and 26 inches of rain fall over four days. Twenty people died. Another “once in 1000 year” event happened in Baton Rouge, Louisiana in 2016. Thirteen people died. Over ten times more houses in that area had major flooding (18 inches or more) than the last storm of this magnitude in 1983. That’s 33 years ago, not 1000. Suffice it say, the Southeast United States will have ‘once in 1000 year’ flood events at least once every five years, if not every year. What are the odds experts will stop calling them ‘once in 1000 year’ weather events? One in 1000?In 2015 Pope Francis sent a letter to all Catholic churches titled, Laudato si' (Praise Be to You). The subtitle read, “on care for our common home”. It was a seething critique on consumerism, globalism, addiction to continual economic growth, and the social and environmental degradation it has caused. He doesn’t mince words when he writes that it is,“easy to accept the idea of infinite or unlimited growth, which proves so attractive to economists, financiers and experts in technology. It is based on the lie that there is an infinite supply of the earth’s goods, and this leads to the planet being squeezed dry beyond every limit.”He observes it’s resulted in a form of “reductionism which affects every aspect of human and social life.” Especially those who are poor. He says, “the poor and the earth are crying out.” Imagine the sound of cacophonous rushing floodwaters, the clap of angry water-logged thunder clouds, punctuated with screams of terror from a family of four left with two. They clung to an equally terrified tree as their sole possessions rushed away in a gushing deluge. Deranged droplets running scared from the canyons, crevices, and creeks of the battered and bewildered hills of Appalachia.Kentucky is home to perennially poor people. The first Europeans to settle there most likely lived like resident Cherokees. For millennia Indigenous communities hunted and fished in and around the streams and rivers that carved grassy areas amidst hickory-oak forests. They hallowed out poplar trees to make canoes traversing vast networks of rivers and streams to hunt, travel, and trade. Cherokee women were expert horticulturists. They cultivated seeds using slow-burning fires to clear underbrush and germinate seeds, experimented with seed alterations to improve yields, farmed strawberries, and harvested North American native onions, called ramps. Their mountain plateaus were rich with rows of ‘Three Sisters’; beans, corn, and squash grown in clumps of biological reciprocity.Europeans and enslaved Africans then brought sweet potatoes and peaches which Cherokees also adopted. They did all this, as history professor Gregory Smithers learned, “not to commodify and claim possession over the landscape and rivers, but to constantly renew their commitment to living in balance and harmony with local ecosystems.”However, living in harmony with nature ended when European imperialists started competing for land and natural resources in the 17th and 18th centuries. As Europeans immigrant populations grew in the 19th century, so did commodification. By the late 1800s fresh-water mussels of Tennessee and southwest Virginia fed a burgeoning international pearl market. Within a few decades Tennessee was leader in marketing and selling pearls.After the Civil War and the formation of the New South, dams were built, roads were constructed, and timber became easier to extract. Corporations from the North bought large swaths of land. By 1930, over 60 percent of Kentucky land was owned by European, Canadian, and Northern United States companies. Families were forced to sell their land. Companies arranged sophisticated legal schemes in Washington D.C. forcing private land foreclosures they quickly then swooped up.The domination and oppression these Kentuckians experienced is what all Indigenous people had already endured, and continue to endure, across the continent. The taking of land and resources was dehumanizing and starved them of their dignity. Corporations played into these visceral emotions labeling and portraying people of the South, just as they did Indigenous, African, and lower-class European slaves and servants, as backwards, dirty, uneducated, lazy, and violent. The stereotype stuck and is alive to this day. The Pope is right, poor people of Appalachia are crying out alright. But many are crying in anger directed at another stereotype who hear mother earth crying: ‘environmentalists’.DISSONANCE DIFFUSEDKentucky is a deeply red state. Most love Trump and members of the Trump Republican party who gleefully dismantle environmental regulations. As Trump pulled from the Paris Peace Accords many Kentuckians cheered when he trumpeted that he represents the people of “Pittsburgh not Paris”. These people what their land back from corporations but vote for the party who hands land over to those very corporations. They want to farm, fish, and hunt in clean mountains and streams and for their houses to not float away, but many deny climate change and despise environmentalism. To enact revenge on the ’coastal elites’ of ‘the North’ they are inflicting material damage on their own soil and air, their livelihoods, and their mental and physical health. But when identities are threatened, so is reason.And it turns out, distraught, individualist, conservative cisgender male Christians who value patriarchy and masculinized manual labor (like logging and mining) have an especially hard time accepting this essential fact: addressing the effects of climate change will require communal collective action across global, socio-political, cultural, and gender boundaries. This approach is antithetical to their identity, and they feel threatened by it. So how does one teach such a person the hard realities of climate change contributing to their destruction?Scholars working at the intersection of learning sciences and social psychology find it starts with diffusing the dissonance. They advise avoiding threats to identity or attempts to ‘win them over’ through argumentation or value judgement. Researchers also found an educational path into conservative homes may best be through children. One study showed daughters educated on aspects of climate change were particularly effective in educating their fathers.A group of educators in conservative Oklahoma manage to subvert laws restricting the teaching of aspects of climate change by talking openly in the class about its social controversy. This problem-based approach to learning has shown embracing controversy in meaningful dialog opens the door to collective problem solving among conservative students.Professor David Long at Moorehead University in Kentucky takes this approach in his introductory physics class for non-physics majors. He also does research on how political and religious ideology can be used to mediate science education. His class is called “Modern Issues and Problems in the Physical Sciences”. Being in coal country, he focuses on the carbon costs of energy production. Using project-based learning techniques students grapple with the science behind energy production, consumption, and CO2 atmospheric outputs – both the opportunities and the threats.He says “a small number of (always) white male Morehead State students present themselves in class adorned with various types of neo-facist para-military and white supremacist shirts, hats, and other coded iconography that have burgeoned among the political right in recent years.” To diffuse dissonance, he starts the class by identifying as the son of a father who worked in the coal-fired energy industry on the eastern Appalachian slopes of Pennsylvania.He wraps up the course by having the class write up an ‘official’ news release on a future energy policy based on what they learned. To encourage unbiased writing, he exposes them to the realities of media bias by using the ‘ad fontes media’ bias chart. This indirectly teaches them to be more critical of their own personal information choices on climate change. He says that so far only three people “have chosen energy policies which retain high CO2 emissions, and even in these cases, the students have chosen natural gas as part of a larger suite of energy choices in what they describe as a pragmatic stopgap as we move away from carbon.”FROM REDNECK TO RED’S NEXT“People look down on Appalachians, and some people are saying the hillbillies got what they deserved…But it’s not like that. These were good people, God-fearing people that loved their neighbors and looked out for each other. People don’t realize how much has been lost.” Those are the words of Tonya Gibson, a nurse practitioner in Knott County, Kentucky. She’s been dealing with people mourning the loss of those rescued but not saved from the flood. She spoke to the stereotypes that plague people living in this region as a form of her own crying.These are the same God-fearing people Pope Francis knows suffer most from the effects of climate change. Effects due to a fossil-fueled exploitive form of capitalism the Pope is critical of. For his next memo, perhaps the Pope should reflect on the role Catholicism and Christianity played in the unfolding of overly extractive capitalism. He should contemplate the exploitation of Indigenous and African people in pursuit of gold for centuries of Pope’s like him and the nation-states they, and other Christian churches, controlled.The origins of the complete dominion over natural resources in pursuit of prosperity for Kings and their Christian enablers is rooted in interpretations of the Bible. The English Standard Version of Genesis 1:26. reads:“Then God said, ‘Let us make man in our image, after our likeness. And let them have dominion over the fish of the sea and over the birds of the heavens and over the livestock and over all the earth and over every creeping thing that creeps on the earth.’”Other versions say ‘rule’ instead of ‘dominion’. And rule they did. Many still do and authoritative rule has become a part of their identity. But Christians who follow principles of ecotheology believe this is a misinterpretation or poor translation of the original Hebrew text. They contend for humans to be granted ‘dominion’ does not mean they have permission to gluttonously exploit, defile, or destroy it – just the opposite. Ecotheologians believe their God gave humans the gift of nature and they are obligated to apply the abilities God instilled in their big brain to creatively maintain, care, and sustain the gifts of nature.The word ‘dominion’ appears elsewhere in the Bible in plural form. ‘Dominions’ are Christian angels tasked with keeping the natural order of the universe as their God designed it, by enforcing universal laws of nature. Curiously, atheist environmentalists are in fact, in Christian terms, Dominion Angels doing what God told them to do. But getting ‘rednecks’ to listen to these ‘whackos’ won’t be easy. But not impossible.In 2003, two researchers published a paper studying faith-based environmentalism in 20 churches in Appalachia. They found these churches successfully promoted “a transformation of personal values, attitudes, and conduct in support of an environmental ethic of care.” Further, they were able to convince traditional Christians that beliefs surrounding ‘dominion as domination’ are “key reasons for continued environmental degradation.” Other efforts like the ‘Yale Forum on Religion and Ecology’ continue to foster faith-based communities “where religious and spiritual traditions join together for the shared wellbeing of ecosystems.”Whether you’re a secular civil engineer who believes we just need more concrete to control nature or an evangelical God-fearing Christian ruling over your God-given domain, the forces of nature don’t care. That is a cognitive dissonance that needs diffused. The Cherokees have never been confused; they know what needs to happen. Cherokee historical knowledge teaches the importance of gudugi – working together for the good of all. This is done with reverence for all living things while walking the right path – duyvkta.Many scoff at Indigenous knowledge and science. They write it off as primitive and that to embrace their principles somehow would throw us back centuries. But these people survived by adapting to ebbs and flows of nature. They were quick to adopt new technologies, knowledge, and tales and then harmonized them with nature with reverence and reciprocity. They walked the right path so that others after them could too.Before the Cherokees were forced off their land in the 1830s, a knowledge keeper named Thomas Nutsawi (Deer in the Water) would share some of their creation stories with missionaries who were there to share theirs. Reciprocity. As 1830 approached it’s reported he warned them of a time “when the world became ‘full of people who were very wicked. They disregarded all good instructions and would not listen to any thing [sic] good that was said to them’.”Recall the Biblical story of Naoh’s Ark. It was the wicked people, sinners, that led God to flood their land. Nutsawi continued,“an old man was instructed by ‘a certain dog’ to place ‘all kinds of animals’ into a vessel. The old man obeyed, and shortly after closing the door on his vessel ‘rain commenced, and continued forty days and forty nights, while the water at the same time gushed out of the ground, so that as much water came up, as fell down from the clouds. The wicked people could swim but little before they would sink and drown’.”Cherokees didn’t just synthesize European fruits and vegetables into their diet, they syncretized missionary Christian tales into their knowledge transfer. Nutsawi was integrating the Biblical stories with Cherokee concepts of ecological cooperation between man, animal, and nature as a lesson to European missionaries and his people. As we all face what even the Pope sees as undeniable and unmanageable meteorological forces stemming from wicked people and their sinful ways, Nutsawi’s words offered what may be a prescient ending to his story. He said,‘the family saved in the ark were Red…the Red people are the real people…’ Nutsawi made his point by reminding us all that their forebearers, the original inhabitants of the land, survived harsh and intense climatological and geological upheaval, both sudden and enduring, because they rejected selfishness. But Europeans, he observed, were ugasalesgi – greedy. And for that, they drowned.Thank you for reading Interplace. This post is public so feel free to share it. This is a public episode. If you would like to discuss this with other subscribers or get access to bonus episodes, visit interplace.io

Douglas Hostetter – Mennonite and Conscientious Objector [CO] -- served in the middle of a hot zone during the VietNam War supporting the people who lived there. His is an amazing story. Rebecca McKean and I spoke with Mr Hostetter at Gebhard's Beer Culture Bar in Manhattan's Upper West Side on Juneteenth and Father's day, 2022. We will post our conversation with Douglas in two parts. This is part one: During the Viet Nam War from 1966 – 1969 -- rather than carrying a gun, Douglas Hostetter organized literacy classes for Vietnamese children and craft training for his neighbors. Rather than the relative safety of the American military compounds – Doug lived amongst his students, and survived in the open by being useful to the community -- and nonviolent. After his service, Douglas worked to end the war in Viet Nam through the People's Peace Treaty – a document signed by college students in [North and South] Viet Nam and the United States – which Pres. Nixon rejected. Several years later, after hundreds of thousands of more humans died in Viet Nam and Cambodia -- the Paris Peace Accords was signed. The Accords closely mirrored the earlier People's Peace Treaty.In the second part of this program Douglas talks about surviving the TET offensive and the CIA attempt to assassinate him, and his life work to end war.Alan Winson See acast.com/privacy for privacy and opt-out information.

The Bombing of North Vietnam over Christmas 1972 finally has broken the will of the North to keep the fight going. The South Vietnamese will be forced by Nixon to accept a deal not totally to their liking. But finally this horrific War looks like it could be coming to an end. As we approach the end of the incredible year of 1972, we fast forward to the Richard Nixon Presidential Library , and an event hosted by the Richard Nixon Foundation. A panel of former members of the National Security staff will examine the chronology, key players, and impact of the Paris Peace Accords. The panel will include Winston Lord, John Negroponte, and Dick Smyser. Fox News national security analyst KT McFarland will moderate in an event on "Vietnam and the Paris Peace Accords" These were the people who negotiated us out of the war in Vietnam under the leadership of Henry Kissinger and Richard Nixon and their insights are important for anyone wanting to understand that war and the price America and Vietnam paid for the conflict. Finally, we go back to December 1972, as the year closes out, a year that saw Richard Nixon's greatest triumphs as President,  Time Magazine names both President Richard Nixon and Henry Kissinger as the joint Men of the Year. We end with an interview with Henry Kissinger in more recent times as he recalls the honor and the events of this most important year, 1972. 

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In the sixth episode of our series on Vietnam, the boys speak with Sean Fear, lecturer in international history at the University of Leeds, about the last stages of the American War in Vietnam. They talk about the political situation in North and South Vietnam in the early 1970s, U.S. bombing campaigns, the peace talks between the United States and North Vietnam, the Easter Offensive, the Paris Peace Accords, the final fall of South Vietnam, and more. Become a patron! www.patreon.com/americanprestige

Nixon's first bombing campaigns had the names of mealtimes which seem to also correspond with the years of his first term: 1969, 1970, 1971, 1972. In this episode we look at Nixon, Kissinger and the Paris Peace Accords that ended the Vietnam War. In addition to providing some additional context for the Saigon 1975 situation so much in the news today, we revisit whether the accord was a sham peace or a true deal. The deal left hundreds of thousands of enemy troops in South Vietnam as U.S. troops exited. Could a better deal have been etched? Or could the same deal have been made sooner. And what about those leopard spots? The great debate over the negotiating table? and the dingy carpet? All this and more. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

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At the close of the Paris Peace Accords, the US and Vietnam agreed to return any POWs to their home country -- however, for decades after the close of the conflict, people in country reported seeing missing American soldiers, sometimes held by foreign officials, sometimes on their own in the jungle. Join Stuff They Don't Want You to Know's Ben Bowlin, Matt Frederick and Noel Brown for a discussion of what happened to the hundreds of missing soldiers in the Vietnam War... and how much did the US government actually know about it? Learn more about your ad-choices at https://www.iheartpodcastnetwork.comSee omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

At the close of the Paris Peace Accords, the US and Vietnam agreed to return any POWs to their home country -- however, for decades after the close of the conflict, people in country reported seeing missing American soldiers, sometimes held by foreign officials, sometimes on their own in the jungle. So what happened to the hundreds of missing soldiers in the Vietnam War... and how much did the US government actually know about it? Learn more about your ad-choices at https://news.iheart.com/podcast-advertisers

Hundreds of Cambodian community across Australia rally in front of Parliament House in Canberra on October 23 2019, 28th anniversary of Paris Peace Accords. - នាព្រឹកថ្ងៃទី​២៣តុលានេះ ក្នុង​ឱកាស​ខួប​ទី​២៨ឆ្នាំ​នៃ​កិច្ចព្រមព្រៀង​ទីក្រុងប៉ារីស សហគមន៍​ខ្មែរ​យើង​ជា​ច្រើន​រយនាក់មក​ពី​បណ្តារដ្ឋនានា ដូចជា ម៉ែលប៊ិន ស៊ីដនី និង​អាឌឺឡែត បាន​ជួបប្រមូល​ផ្តុំ​គ្នានៅ​មុខ​រដ្ឋ​សភាសហព័ន្ធ​ក្នុង​ទីក្រុង​ខេនបេរ៉ា។ សកម្មភាព​នេះ ដឹកនាំដោយ សមាគមន៍ខ្មែរ​ តំណាង​គណបក្ស​សង្រ្គោះជាតិ និង​អង្គការ​២៣តុលា​អូស្រ្តាលី ដើម្បី​ទាម​ទារ​ការ​គាំទ្រ​ពី​សំណាក់​រដ្ឋាភិបាល​អូស្រ្តាលី​ និង​សហគមន៍​អន្តរជាតិ ដាក់សម្ពាធមកលើ​រដ្ឋាភិបាល​ខ្មែរ ឲ្យគោរព​តាមកិច្ច​ព្រមព្រៀង​ទីក្រុង​ប៉ារិស​ឆ្នាំ ១៩៩១ ។

So far, there have been different interpretations of the meaning of the Paris Peace Accord in 1991, made to end Cambodia's internal disputes after Khmer Rouge regime and the civil war. - រហូតមកដល់​ពេលនេះ នៅតែមានការបកស្រាយខុសគ្នា​នៃអត្ថន័យ​ ថ្ងៃ២៣តុលា ដែលជាកិច្ចព្រមព្រៀង​សន្តិភាពទីក្រុងប៉ារីស ដែលបាន​ធ្វើឡើង ដើម្បីបញ្ចប់វិបត្តិ​បែកបាក់ផ្ទៃក្នុង​របស់​កម្ពុជា កាលពីអតីតកាលដ៏ជូរចត់ ក្រោយរបបប្រល័យពូជសាសន៍ ខ្មែរក្រហម និងសង្គ្រាមស៊ីវិល​។​​

Vietnam War veteran and retired U.S. Air Force Major Gen. Edward Mechenbier, 76, of Columbus was held as a prisoner of war from 1967 to 1973 in North Vietnam, where he was beaten and tortured but survived on as little as 600 to 800 calories a day. The nearly 600 Americans who survived captivity in North Vietnam “weren’t special. We were just products of the American society,” Mechenbier said. “Some people say, ‘I couldn’t take the torture. I couldn’t take the isolation,’ ” he said. “People always sell themselves short, and they’ll say, ‘Oh, I could never do that.’ Yes, you could. “I mean, you just think about things in everybody’s life. We all face challenges. We all face hardships. We all face things that are going on and we say, ‘Oh, I couldn’t do that.’ “Well, I couldn’t do what I did in my own mind ... but you know, you look around at all the other guys who were in there with you. There were no supermen there. We were just ordinary guys doing our job, and we just never gave up.” Mechenbier was born in Morgantown, West Virginia, and graduated from high school in Dayton. His father, a welder and steamfitter, had told him he would need a scholarship to go to college, and bet his son $5 he couldn’t get an appointment to a federal military academy. Mechenbier won that bet, he said, and graduated from the U.S. Air Force Academy in 1964. By 1967, he was flying a McDonnell Douglas F-4 Phantom II interceptor and fighter-bomber in Vietnam. On June 14, Mechenbier, who was with his crewman – Kevin McManus, who operated the plane’s radar, among other tasks – was on his 113th combat mission and 80th mission over North Vietnam. They weren’t required to conduct another mission that day, but they did. Their unit lacked enough qualified crews for a mission to Hanoi. Mechenbier and McManus were asked to join the mission, he said. Mechenbier said, “Well, let me check with Kevin,” who answered, “Why not? Let’s go.” First, they had a breakfast of pork chops, he said. Mechenbier remembered thinking, “This is a heck of a last meal.” “I’d never had that thought before,” he said. Normally, the F-4s flew as protection for Republic F-105 Thunderchief fighter-bombers. As a result, 54 planes in Mechenbier’s unit took off at 10 a.m. on a mission to attack a railroad yard, he said. Mechenbier’s plane had been hit on another mission five days earlier but appeared to be in good shape, he said. While executing a maneuver over the target, he had one engine on idle while the second was using its afterburner. When he fired the first engine’s afterburner, the engine exploded, he said. Just before the explosion, he said, the plane was flying at 700 mph. Mechenbier and McManus ejected, and the plane hit the ground before Mechenbier’s parachute opened. He and McManus were under parachutes while “over 6 million people with 6 million guns (were) shooting at us.” Mechenbier carried a .38-caliber revolver but knew he was in no position to put up a fight, he said. He threw the pistol away before he landed on a roof in a village and rolled to the ground, where he immediately was surrounded. The North Vietnamese used machetes to cut away his gear and uniform, leaving him in his shorts and a T-shirt, he said. His captors threw rocks at him and jabbed him with bamboo sticks before leading him to an air-raid trench, where the North Vietnamese acted as if they would execute him before a laughing crowd. His introduction to ‘Hanoi Hilton’ Mechenbier’s next stop was at what the POWs called “New Guy Village” at Hoa Lo Prison, which the Americans called the Hanoi Hilton. The North Vietnamese goal at New Guy Village, he said, was to torture and beat the Americans into submission for two or three weeks. The North Vietnamese “just wanted to hurt you. They were mad. ... no doubt about that.” In addition to beatings, they would “tie your arms behind your back and then rotate them up over your head, dislocating one or both of your shoulders,” he said. “All the traditional things, you know, ... kicking you, burning you with cigarettes and things like that,” he said. North Vietnamese guards were “trying to beat you to the point you would do anything, say anything that they told you to do. It was not an intellectual discussion. It was not a rational thought process and no dialogue. They were just trying to get you to sign a confession and trying to intimidate you physically, and they did a pretty good job,” he said. Art of avoiding continued beatings According to the military code of conduct, prisoners of war should give only their name, rank, serial number and date of birth, he said. It also “goes on to say, ‘I will evade answering further questions to the utmost of my ability,’ ” he said. “When they’re trying to get you to admit to crimes, of course, you wouldn’t do that,” he said. One strategy for a POW, he said, was “you don’t answer ... or you lie, you cheat, you make up answers and things like that,” he said. “For the most part, they didn’t understand you,” he said. “They wanted you to ... tell them things about your airplane, your missions and things like that, which you wouldn’t do, and their only resort was to beat the crap out of you.” The Americans made sure they endured “some days of abuse because you didn’t want to be an easy patsy,” he said. The POWs took advantage of the fact the North Vietnamese generally didn’t understand much English beyond a few key words, he said. The Americans could stop torture by giving the North Vietnamese a “confession” of obvious lies, mispronounced words and near-gibberish, he said. The North Vietnamese would be satisfied if words like crime, criminal and guilty were used. For example, Mechenbier said, a POW could say he flew for the Germans in World War II and was in a unit with Superman (in his secret identity) and a dead U.S. president and get away with it: “I, ... fumerly (made-up word), a lieutenant in the Luftwaffe, ... am guilty ... of bombing churches, dams, pikes, pagodas, cesspools, outhouses and other ill houses of repute. I and my squadron mates, Clark Kent, Jimmy Doolittle, Abraham Lincoln ... have committed heinous crimes.” Any English-speaking person “obviously would know, ‘Hey, here’s a joke,’ ” he said, but the North Vietnamese were satisfied because they recognized the words they wanted to hear. After his time at New Guy Village, Mechenbier was put in a 9-by-9-foot cell with his crewman, McManus, and spent “23 hours, 59 minutes and 45 seconds a day” there for four years. Meals were about a quart of soup made from seaweed, turnip tops or pumpkins, with moldy bread and rice that contained bits of rock. The door was opened for meals twice a day and to empty a chamber pot, he said. The door also might be opened for more beatings and torture. A frightening sound, he said, was “a jailer with keys. ... He was getting somebody for interrogation. That was scary.” By this point, the North Vietnamese goal was only to get POWs to participate in propaganda, Mechenbier said. One example is when American anti-war delegations visiting North Vietnam unwittingly caused the POWs to suffer more beatings, he said. The North Vietnamese wanted the POWs to meet the war protesters. “You don’t want to do that,” Mechenbier said. The North Vietnamese always had the same response – “beat the crap out of you” – whether they wanted the POWs to talk to U.S. protesters, issue an anti-war statement or record a tape to be played on radio. “You just never wanted to go outside your cell,” he said. The POWs coped, he said, by supporting each other. He and McManus got to know each other very well and would tell each other stories about everything they could think of. POWs in adjacent cells could communicate in code by tapping on the cell walls or by placing an ear next to a cup held against a wall, he said. Beginning of change for the better With the death of North Vietnamese leader Ho Chi Mihn in 1969, the Hanoi Hilton guards eased up on beatings and torture for a time, he said. In November 1970, the U.S. military launched a raid on the Son Tay POW camp 23 miles from Hanoi. The effort to rescue U.S. POWs failed because the camp recently had been emptied of prisoners. The raid was criticized in the U.S., but it created a boon for the POWs. Fearing another raid, the North Vietnamese moved all the POWs in other camps to the Hanoi Hilton, creating a communal living area know as “Camp Unity.” That was quite a morale booster, Mechenbier said. “And now we had 39 guys in one room. ... That was wonderful,” he said. One group of POWs fashioned a deck of cards from scrap paper and played bridge nonstop for three days, he said. “The chatter was unbelievable,” he said. The Americans still had more than two years of captivity left, and Mechenbier was held for a time at a camp near the border with China. February 1973: prisoners’ release After the Paris Peace Accords were signed in 1973, the North Vietnamese told the POWs they would go home. The POWs thought that was a propaganda trick until a uniformed U.S. officer visited them and confirmed the news. “This is a dream,” Mechenbier thought at the time. It wasn’t a dream. He was released in February 1973 after nearly six years of captivity. He was flown to the Philippines, where he had 13 root canals on his long-neglected teeth. He weighed 198 pounds when his F-4 went down and 133 pounds by the time he had arrived in the Philippines, he said. Upon returning to the U.S., most POWs decided, “This is the first day in the rest of your life,” he said. The POWs were given a book on what had occurred in the United States while they were gone – such as the Watergate scandal, for example. Mechenbier stayed in the Air Force. “Putting on a blue uniform every day was a little bit of a security blanket,” he said. He left the Air Force in 2004 and has been a consultant to defense contractors and serves on several public and private boards. He also has been a technical consultant to air-show broadcasts and was the subject of a book called “Life on a $5 Bet,” by Linda D. Swink. The title is a reference to the bet he had made with his father prior to joining the service. Mechenbier is highly decorated. The short list includes the Distinguished Service Medal, the Silver Star Medal with oak-leaf cluster, the Distinguished Flying Cross with oak-leaf cluster, the Bronze Star Medal with V device and Purple Heart with oak-leaf cluster. His advice to struggling veterans is, “Don’t be alone. ... Friends don’t let friends be alone. ... (Otherwise) they don’t have a beacon to look forward. They’re not being told how important they are.” This podcast was hosted and produced by Scott Hummel, ThisWeek Community News assistant managing editor, digital. This profile was written by Paul Comstock.

Topics: Dj Kool Herc, Gladys Knight, Stevie Wonder, Pam Grier, The Mack, & George Jefferson. (Bonus Artist: Luck Pacheco)   1.    Snapshots   2.    General News   3.    Richard Nixon STILL President.   4.    Vietnam War: year 18 of 19   5.    The Paris Peace Accords, signed on January 27, 1973, effectively removed the U.S. from the conflict in Vietnam.   6.    Deaths: 168 killed. Down from 641 in 1972   7.    Nixon, on national TV, accepts responsibility, but not blame, for Watergate; (April 30).   8.    Spiro T. Agnew resigns as Vice President and then pleads no contest to charges of evasion of income taxes while Governor of Maryland (Oct. 10).   9.    Jan: Military draft ends   10.    Jan: Roe v. Wade, SCOTUS ruled that a right to privacy extended to a woman's decision to have an abortion, but with some limits.   11.    Apr: The World Trade Center   12.    Economics:   13.    Oct: OPEC embargo sets off an oil/energy crisis and starts the recession.   14.    Unemployment: 4.9% / Black unemployment: 5.7 / minimum wage: still $1.60 ($64w, $3,200y, ~$19,800 in 2018)   15.    Open Comments:   16.    Sports:   17.    Super Bowl: Miami d. Washington   18.    World Series: Oakland A's d. NY Mets (4-3)   19.    NBA Championship: New York d. LA Lakers   20.    Pop Music:   21.    Top radio singles:   22.    #1 "Tie a Yellow Ribbon Round the Ole Oak Tree", Tony Orlando and Dawn   23.    #2 "Bad, Bad Leroy Brown", Jim Croce   24.    #3 "Killing Me Softly with His Song", Roberta Flack   25.    1973 Grammy Awards:   26.    ROY, “Killing Me Softly with His Song,” Roberta Flack   27.    SOY, “Killing Me Softly with His Song,”   28.    AOY, Innervisions, Stevie Wonder   29.    New Artist, Bette Midler   30.    Open Comments:   31.    Top Movies:   32.    #1 The Sting   33.    #2 The Exorcist   34.    #3 American Graffiti   35.    Top Television:   36.    #1 All in the Family   37.    #2 The Waltons   38.    #3 Sanford and Son   39.    Black Folks   40.    Illinois 1st state to declare MLK Day   41.    Alice Walker publishes 1st book   42.    Red Foxx NAACP Entertainer of the Year   43.    Open Comments:   44.    Social/Political Scene: The Birth of a Hip-Hop Nation   45.    Clive Campbell (@18yrs) - a.k.a. DJ Kool Herc (Hercules), founding father of hip hop.   46.    It's summer time of 1973 in the Bronx NY.   47.    In the recreation room at 1520 Sedgwick Avenue, a HISTORIC party jumps off. - And hip hop is born!   48.    Bio: Kool Herc was born and raised in Kingston, Jamaica, moved to NYC as a teen and started spinning records at parties with his dad's PA system.   49.    He was deep into Reggae and he styled himself like a Jamaican “selector” (DJ) and did a lot of “toasting” (talking/chanting) over the instrumentals.   50.    But his real genius was paying attention to the crowds. He said a lot of DJ's back then would put on a record and go smoke a cigarette.   51.    He watched what got the crowd going and noticed hat it was the instrumental bridge, or drum breaks, that was hot with the dancers.   52.    His SIGNATURE move and GROUNDBREAKING contribution was to use the two turntables of a regular DJ setup, NOT to switch between songs, BUT switch back and forth between the break beats and keep the crowds moving!   53.    His homie, Coke La Rock, would get on the mic and do shout outs ("so and so is in the house!"), do call-and-response phrases (yes, yes, y'all - you don't stop, ...just throw your hands in the air), and do catchy "poems" (Hotel, motel, you don't tell, we won't   54.    tell)   55.    Herc had been working on it this new style for almost a year, but that summertime party in 73 was his breakout moment.   56.    After that, the crowds got too big for the rec room and he started throwing jams in the park. Those crowds where bigger than some at the clubs and that's where all four elements of hip hop would really come together. (Dj'ing, MC'ing, dancing, and graffiti)    57.    He got stabbed at a party just a few years later, and while he was sidelined, his 2 homies and "understudies" took over hip hop, Afrika Bambaataa and Grandmaster Flash!    58.    Hip Hop basically started by presenting a party on wax.   59.    Question: How has partying changed? (i.e., dancing, music, sex, drugs, socializing, violence, etc...)   60.    Final thoughts: Kool Herc continues be an undervalued personality. He deserves WAY more credit.   61.    Music Scene:   62.    Pop Singles   63.    #1 - Tony Orlando and Dawn, Tie A Yellow Ribbon ‘Round The Ole Oak Tree   64.    #3 - Roberta Flack, Killing Me Softly With His Song   65.    #4 - Marvin Gaye, Let’s Get It On   66.    #8 - Billy Preston, Will It Go Round In Circles   67.    #10 - Diana Ross, Touch Me In The Morning   68.    #15 - Billy Paul, Me And Mrs. Jones   69.    #17 - Dobie Gray, Drift Away   70.    #19 - Stevie Wonder, You Are The Sunshine Of My Life   71.    #21 - Isley Bros., That Lady   72.    #22 - Sylvia, Pillow Talk   73.    #26 - Stevie Wonder, Superstition   74.    #32 - O’Jays, Love Train   75.    #33 - Barry White, I’m Gonna Love You Just A Little More   76.    Vote:   77.    Jan - 360 Degrees of Billy Paul, Billy Paul   78.    Feb -Talking Book, Stevie Wonder   79.    Feb - The World Is a Ghetto, War   80.    Apr - Wattstax: The Living Word, Soundtrack / Various artists   81.    Apr - Neither One of Us, Gladys Knight & the Pips   82.    May - Masterpiece, The Temptations   83.    May - Spinners, The Spinners   84.    Jun - Birth Day, New Birth   85.    Jun - Call Me, Al Green   86.    Jun - Live at the Sahara Tahoe, Isaac Hayes   87.    Jul - I've Got So Much to Give, Barry White   88.    Jul - Back to the World, Curtis Mayfield   89.    Aug - Fresh, Sly and the Family Stone   90.    Aug - Touch Me in the Morning, Diana Ross   91.    Sep - Innervisions, Stevie Wonder   92.    Sep - Deliver the Word, War   93.    Sep - Let's Get It On, Marvin Gaye   94.    Dec - Imagination, Gladys Knight & the Pips   95.    Key Artist: Gladys Maria Knight, aka The Empress of Soul (@29): Singer, song writer, actress.   96.    Born and raised in ATL   97.    Started touring with the Pips at 16yrs old, signed with Motown at 22, and started dropping hits:   98.    "Every Beat of My Heart/I Heard It Through the Grapevine/If I Were Your Woman   99.    In 1973 she left Motown (Former Motown artists where EVERYWHERE) and blew up!   100.    They landed 4 straight #1 Soul Lps between 1973 and 1974   101.    Neither One of Us/Imagination/Claudine/I Feel a Song   102.    Gladys will tell you that Diana Ross, kicked her off a tour once because the crowds were feeling her more and that The Boss felt overshadowed.   103.    Some people called her the true successor to Aretha.   104.    Question: What was Glady's biggest hurdle: Too nice, Diana, song material, or a CRAZY personal life? (4 marriages, custody battles, legal issues with the Pips, child kidnapped, or the Mormons?   105.    Key Artist: Stevland Hardaway Morris (@23yrsold), aka Stevie Wonder: Musical Genius   106.    Born in Michigan, raised in Detroit   107.    Started getting down with Motown in 1961 at 11yrs old and rose to fame FAST!   108.    Fingertips/Uptight (everything's Alright/Sign, Sealed, Delivered/My Cherie Amour   109.    In 1971, he let his Motown contract expire, muscled his way to a bigger royalty, got more creative independence, and proceeded to change the history of pop music.   110.    His next 3 releases each won album of the year! - a first for an RnB act.   111.    Partly influenced by his Motown homie Marvin Gaye and his album "what's Going On", (and to some degree his FRIENDS the Beatles!) he consciously changed up his style.   112.    "We as a people are not interested in 'baby, baby' songs anymore," he said back then. "There's more to life than that.   113.    Innervisions (16th studio LP) was where he stopped being merely a "boy" genius.   114.    "It is the album that best celebrates his musical maturity and completes the transition from Little Stevie Wonder to the grown-up artist with an active imagination and burning social conscience. Coming just nine months after Talking Book, Innervisions is Wonder at  115.    the absolute peak of his powers, a 23-year-old man with the world at his fingertips." - BBC Review   116.    Question: Bigger impact, Stevie or James? (Writing, singing, performing, musician)   117.    Conclusion: IMHO, Stevie is the most important black artist ever.   118.    Movies   119.    Key Actor: Pamela Suzette Grier (@24yrs old); Actress, author, superstar girlfriend   120.    Born in North KakalaKa and raised as an Air Force kid   121.    The family settled in Denver and she went to East High School - Genina's alma mater   122.    She started competing in state wide beauty contests and that led to her moving to LA to pursue acting at 18   123.    In 1971, at 22, she made her movie debut in Big Doll House.   124.    She did a few more "women in cages" movies and broke out in 1973 with Coffy!   125.    "The baddest one-chick hit-squad that ever-hit town!"   126.    In 1974, she delivered her iconic performance as Foxy Brown   127.    A gun toting prostitute out for revenge   128.    This solidified her as really the first female action hero.   129.    It also, stigmatized her acting career, as she basically got limited to Blaxploitation roles   130.    However, she still received props for her acting skills in those roles.   131.    "What makes Coffy interesting is Miss Grier...she’s' beautiful, but also has a kind of physical life to her that is sometimes missing in beautiful actresses...she gets into an action role and does it right." - film critic, Roger Ebert   132.    Question: where have the female black action heroines gone?   133.    Key Movie: The Mack   134.    Question: What was that?!?!?!   135.    Television:   136.    Key Character: George Jefferson, Dry cleaning Business owner   137.    Played by Sherman Hemsley (@35): born and raised in Philly   138.    High school dropout and former Air force   139.    went to NYC and got regular work as a Broadway actor   140.    In 1971 (@33) he flashed on Broadway and caught the attention of the producer for "All in The Family" (sorta like Redd Foxx)   141.    In 1973 he debuted on the show as Archie's "opinionated, rude, bigoted, scheming neighbor.   142.    Always trying to move "to a deluxe apartment in the sky"!   143.    But, he was also a loving and hard-working family man, who was cleverer than Archie.   144.    Sherman himself was shy and very private.   145.    Never married and no kids.   146.    He said playing George Jefferson "was hard for me. But he was the character. I had to do it."   147.    Question: Was GJ a positive or negative character?   148.    Schoolhouse Rock! Animated musical educational short films.   149.    Aired from 1973 to 1985 (12 Yrs.)   150.    64 -3m episodes   151.    Topics covered: Math, grammar, American history, and science.   152.    The creator noticed one of his sons was having trouble remembering the multiplication tables, BUT the kid knew all the lyrics to the current rock songs.   153.    The goal was to educate through videos, motivate kids with music, and convince them learning is fun.   154.    Question: What are some of your favorite SHR episodes?   155.    Conclusion:  No doubt, for a generation of kids, every Saturday morning, SHR put it DOWN!   156.    Wrap Up   157.    Question: What had the biggest impact from 1973?

In 1968 a controversial communist, a Major General of Chechoslovak Army, General Jan Sejna defected and told a terrifying tale to the intelligence community about the missing POWs. Contradictory numbers of prisoners of war and unaccounted for military personnel after The Paris Peace Accords in 1973 started painting a troubling picture. It eventually started being reinforced with information trickling out of Russia after the collapse of the Soviet Union. We are left with a disturbing and terrifying hypothesis that the USA intentionally left a large number of Vietnam War POWs behind to a fate worse than death. Finally, in 1993 a document was found in a secret archive of Soviet Military Intelligence shedding a massive light on the existence and terrible fate of the POWs. Meanwhile the report and all the rumors were covered up, dismissed and smeared all for modern political / economic reasons. Featured Articles:US Baffled by Yeltsin's POW Disclosure – John LancasterWhy Perot Was Right About America's Missing Soldiers – Jonothan TombesOpening Vietnam: Clinton Drops 19 Year Ban on US Trade With Vietnam: Cites Hanoi's Help On MIAs – Douglas JehlDefector Details Korea POW Atrocities, GIs Reportedly Used in Soviet Experiments – Bob KemperCommunist Use American POWs as Human Guinea Pigs (Part 2): Vietnam, The Soviets, and other Special Projects – Russell L. Blaylock, MDFeatured Song: Fuck and Fight – Soda Jerk Theme Song “Red Horse Rising” by X-Proph3t: http://www.reverbnation.com/xproph3tStigmata Studios Comic Books and Graphic Novels: www.stigmatastudios.comSign up for the newsletter for exclusive content! http://eepurl.com/YIbLf Additional Production by Daniel Foytik and Nelson Pyles· Incidental Music by Kevin MacLeod (incompetech.com) Licensed under Creative Commons: By Attribution 3.0 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/· Incidental Music (royalty free) by Ross BugdenEmail Jon: Towers113@gmail.com Visit: www.stigmatastudios.comFind Jon on Twitter: @jonnyaxx https://twitter.com/JonnyAxx Find Jon on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/#!/stigmatastudiosFind Jon On Instagram: http://instagram.com/stigmatastudios

November 15, 2017 - Dr. William S. Reeder, Jr., Colonel, U.S. Army (Retired) In 1972, as the Paris Peace Accords drew to a conclusion, young William Reeder, Jr. was a Captain in the U.S. Army, assigned to an AH-1G Cobra Attack Helicopter in Vietnam. For many servicemen and women, the Vietnam War was over for the U.S. military. Reeder was afraid he missed the opportunity to see combat as a Cobra gunship pilot. The North Vietnamese had other plans, however, and the Easter Offensive changed Reeder's life forever. On Wednesday, November 15, 2017, Dr. William S. Reeder will present a lecture at the U.S. Army Heritage and Education Center (USAHEC) in Carlisle, Pennsylvania, describing how fighting in the spring of 1972 led to his capture while defending the American base at Ben Het in Vietnam, and how he survived the horrifying ordeal of being a POW in Vietnam. For video of the USHAEC's podcasts, or to learn more about the USAHEC, find education support for teachers, researchers, and soldiers, or to find more programs at the USAHEC, please visit our website at www.usahec.org.

The Agreement on Ending the War and Restoring Peace in Vietnam, better known as the Paris Peace Accords, were what officially ended the involvement of the United States in the Vietnam War. The Paris Peace Accords only came together after a long, drawn out negotiation process. Although the Vietnam War had seemed problematic and unwinnable since 1968 and the Lyndon Johnson administration, the task of working out the Paris Peace Accords fell to President Richard Nixon and his National Security Advisor Henry Kissinger. In fact, domestic American politics seemed to drive the American willingness to move talks forward. For the Vietnamese, the issue was including the revolutionary National Liberation Front, better known as the Viet Cong, as well as the official governments of South Vietnam and North Vietnam in talks. Eventually,, a willingness to simply end the conflict meant America was willing to pull out if the North Vietnamese simply kept their lines where they were. Just two years later, they would conquer South Vietnam and take Saigon.

The Vietnam War was one of the most controversial wars throughout the entirety of American history. A war that started in 1954 due to French tensions with communist rebels, turned into an Americanized quagmire that continued on till the Paris Peace Accords in 1973. The war made huge jumps in terms of technology, war-time strategy, and American culture, but it ultimately caused many "issues" for the industrial complex United States. The war not only left a nation divided in one of the most strenuous periods in American history, but it changed the way the United States handled foreign issues and future affairs. More importantly, the war had negative affects on the soldiers who fought it, both home and abroad, mentally and physically, and caused 58,315 Americans to make the ultimate sacrifice. The war is disputed to this day, in terms of the victor, its justification, and how it was handled by those who ran it, however populist opinion dictates the war poorly in American culture. With this being said, the only way for the people to truly make a conclusion about The Vietnam War, we must see it through the eyes of those who fought it. Sergeant Carroll L. Six Jr. was born on Thanksgiving Day, November 24th, 1950, during a blizzard in a small West Virginia town. He is also known as the most interesting man in the world. After moving to Pennsylvania during High School, he enlisted in the United States Army under the impression that Uncle Sam would give him the usual draft notice. Originally planned on becoming an MP(Military Policeman), he instead went on to become a part of The 82nd Airborne Division, and take his post on a M551 Sheridan Tank in the jungles of Vietnam. Sergeant Six served a total of four years in the Army, 1969-1972, and from those years he served in Vietnam from 70'-71'. After the Army, he went on to work for the railroad industry, and began a family with his wife Darlene and children Rachel and Jeremy. From his tenure in Vietnam, Carroll Six had experienced a war that was controversial to many, heartbreaking for millions, and ultimately changed the United States for years to come. Through his experiences overseas, he has developed numerous conclusions on American politics, The Cold War, and the global political spectrum. Here is his story.

At the close of the Paris Peace Accords, the US and Vietnam agreed to return any POWs to their home country -- however, for decades after the close of the conflict, people in country reported seeing missing American soldiers, sometimes held by foreign officials, sometimes on their own in the jungle. So what happened to the hundreds of missing soldiers in the Vietnam War... and how much did the US government actually know about i99t? Learn more about your ad-choices at https://news.iheart.com/podcast-advertisers

This week’s show is a celebration of legalized gambling as we discuss “$pringfield (or, How I Learned To Stop Worrying And Love Legalized Gambling)” with the man who drafted the Paris Peace Accords, Julian McCullough (@JulezMac, Julian Loves Music podcast). We discuss past guest Saul Sossason, the show’s honest portrayal of addiction issues, and whether or not Fuller House is just a post-modern prank*. Plus: We applaud Julian for having never done crack! Great job, Julian! This episode is so great it’ll leave you saying “…Vera said that?” *It's not...

Today marks the 43rd anniversary of the signing of the Paris Peace Accords, which ended U.S. combat operations in Indochina. Joining us to discuss this topic is Bruce Herschensohn, former director of Motion Picture and Television at the U.S. Information Agency and staff assistant to President Nixon. He's the author of "An American Amnesia: How U.S. Congress Forces the Surrenders of Vietnam and Cambodia" and is currently a senior fellow at the Pepperdine University School of Public Policy. Interview by Jonathan Movroydis.