Podcasts about Maurice Bishop

Every 19th of October, Grenadians mark a somber anniversary: the 1983 execution of the country's former prime minister and revolutionary leader, Maurice Bishop, and others who died alongside him. The people of this Caribbean nation still have no closure more than 40 years later. The remains of Bishop and his supporters were never returned to their family members and are missing to this day. In the first episode of “The Empty Grave of Comrade Bishop,” The Washington Post's Martine Powers takes us on the personal journey that led her to learn about Grenada's history. Martine delves into why Bishop was such an influential figure, what made the United States nervous about him and why the mystery of his missing remains continues to haunt so many on the island. If you haven't listened to the series yet, we hope you check it out on Apple, Spotify, or wherever you listen to podcasts. If you've already listened, we would be grateful if you shared it and left a review. You can find photos and documents from the investigation in our special episode guide here. Subscribe to The Washington Post here.

Send us a text message and tell us your thoughts.Have you ever considered how the people we associate with one Caribbean island might actually hail from another, and how these stories of migration shape identities? Join me as we uncover the intriguing tales of Caribbean icons and their unexpected island origins. This episode of Strictly Facts takes you on a journey through the intertwined histories of the Caribbean, starting with Grenadian leaders Sir Eric Gairy and Maurice Bishop, whose roots stretch to Aruba, and extending to cultural figures like Rita Marley and the Mighty Sparrow, who have left indelible marks across multiple islands.Immerse yourself in narratives that reveal the profound interconnectedness of the Caribbean region. Discover how Jamaican theater stalwart Randolph Williams began his life in Panama, and learn about Trinidadian model Sintra Bronte's surprising rise to become the face of Jamaican tourism. These stories highlight the fluidity of Caribbean identity and the vibrant cultural tapestry woven from movements across the islands. Tune in for a riveting exploration that reshapes our understanding of heritage, migration, and cultural influence throughout the Caribbean.Support the showConnect with Strictly Facts - Instagram | Facebook | Twitter | LinkedIn | YouTube | Website Looking to read more about the topics covered in this episode? Subscribe to the newsletter at www.strictlyfactspod.com to get the Strictly Facts Syllabus to your email!Want to Support Strictly Facts? Rate & Leave a Review on your favorite platform Share this episode with someone or online and tag us Send us a DM or voice note to have your thoughts featured on an upcoming episode Donate to help us continue empowering listeners with Caribbean history and education Produced by Breadfruit Media

Send us a text message and tell us your thoughts.Embark on a remarkable journey through Caribbean history with us as we welcome Martine Powers, the senior host of the Washington Post Reports, as well as the host creator of the gripping series "The Empty Grave of Comrade Bishop." Martine's personal connection to the Caribbean, stemming from her Trinidadian heritage and family ties to Grenada, brings an intimate and profound perspective to the complex story of Maurice Bishop. Discover the intricate mysteries surrounding Bishop's execution and the enigmatic disappearance of his body, alongside speculations about possible US government involvement.Creating this series was no small feat, and Martine's dedication shines through as she shares the challenges and triumphs faced over two years of meticulous reporting. Balancing her primary job, relentless travel, and the hustle of gathering credible sources, Martine's commitment to bringing Caribbean stories to life is nothing short of inspiring. Her journey underscores the cultural significance of accurate storytelling, especially for Caribbean Americans yearning to see their heritage represented with depth and authenticity.The conversation delves into the politically charged atmosphere of Grenada during Maurice Bishop's era, offering a nuanced view far removed from the stereotypical vacation paradise. Through compelling anecdotes and powerful interviews, the discussion captures the intense experiences of those who lived through this turbulent time. It also shines a light on the often-overlooked histories of other Caribbean nations like Jamaica and Haiti, emphasizing the need for more stories that reflect the vibrant, resilient spirit of Caribbean people. Join us to uncover these untold narratives and gain a richer understanding of the Caribbean's multifaceted heritage.Connect with Martine Powers - Martine.Powers@washpost.comSupport the showConnect with Strictly Facts - Instagram | Facebook | Twitter | LinkedIn | YouTube Looking to read more about the topics covered in this episode? Subscribe to the newsletter at www.strictlyfactspod.com to get the Strictly Facts Syllabus to your email!Want to Support Strictly Facts? Rate the Show Leave a review on your favorite podcast platform Share this episode with someone who loves Caribbean history and culture Send us a DM or voice note to have your thoughts featured on an upcoming episode Share the episode on social media and tag us Donate to help us continue empowering listeners with Caribbean history and education Produced by Breadfruit Media

You can catch up on today's seven most important and interesting stories by checking out The 7 newsletter on this Juneteenth holiday. We'll be back with our regular show on Thursday. In the meantime, we're bringing you an idea for a summer road trip listen. "The Empty Grave of Comrade Bishop" from The Washington Post just won a Peabody award and is a compelling investigation seven-part series into how the U.S. fits into a 40-year-old Caribbean mystery.Grenada's Black revolutionary leader, Maurice Bishop, was executed in a coup in 1983, along with seven others. The whereabouts of their remains are unknown. “The Empty Grave of Comrade Bishop” delves into the revolutionary history of Grenada, why the missing remains still matter and the role the U.S. government played in shaping the fate of the island nation. Listen and follow the show here.

Send us a Text Message.Embark on a remarkable journey through Caribbean history with us as we welcome Martine Powers, the senior host of the Washington Post Reports, as well as the host creator of the gripping series "The Empty Grave of Comrade Bishop." Martine's personal connection to the Caribbean, stemming from her Trinidadian heritage and family ties to Grenada, brings an intimate and profound perspective to the complex story of Maurice Bishop. Discover the intricate mysteries surrounding Bishop's execution and the enigmatic disappearance of his body, alongside speculations about possible US government involvement.Creating this series was no small feat, and Martine's dedication shines through as she shares the challenges and triumphs faced over two years of meticulous reporting. Balancing her primary job, relentless travel, and the hustle of gathering credible sources, Martine's commitment to bringing Caribbean stories to life is nothing short of inspiring. Her journey underscores the cultural significance of accurate storytelling, especially for Caribbean Americans yearning to see their heritage represented with depth and authenticity.Our conversation delves into the politically charged atmosphere of Grenada during Maurice Bishop's era, offering a nuanced view far removed from the stereotypical vacation paradise. Through compelling anecdotes and powerful interviews, we capture the intense experiences of those who lived through this turbulent time. We also shine a light on the often-overlooked histories of other Caribbean nations like Jamaica and Haiti, emphasizing the need for more stories that reflect the vibrant, resilient spirit of Caribbean people. Join us to uncover these untold narratives and gain a richer understanding of the Caribbean's multifaceted heritage.Reference:The Empty Grave of Comrade Bishop - Website | Apple Podcasts | Amazon MusicThroughline (Podcast) - Grenada: Nobody's BackyardCaribbean Countries & Peacekeeping in Haiti | Miami Herald | Globe and MailConnect with Martine Powers - Martine.Powers@washpost.com Caribbean Legal Solutions is the easiest way to find an attorney in the Caribbean. Visit their website at caribbeanlegalsolutions.com Disclaimer: This podcast ad contains general information about Caribbean Legal Solutions and is not intended as legal advice. Always consult with a qualified attorney for legal advice specific to your situation.Support the Show.Connect with @carryonfriends - Instagram | Facebook | YouTube A Breadfruit Media Production

¡Revolución o muerte! Maurice Bishop héroe Granadino y revolucionario ¡Hoy es miércoles y toca #LALLAVE con un servidor Nsang Cristià Esimi Cruz a.k.a. Okenve Nsue. Escuchanos en nuestros canales de Spotify y YouTube: https://youtu.be/YOOi3qAH5d8 Maurice Bishop pertenecia al Movimiento New Jewel (acrónimo inglés de "new joint endeavor for welfare, education, and liberation", que traducido al castellano significa "nuevo esfuerzo unido para el bienestar, la educación y la liberación") fue un partido político de izquierdas, encuadrado en el comunismo, surgido en la isla caribeña de Granada, situando sus raíces políticas e intelectuales en el movimiento del "Black Power". Tras su lucha por acabar con el neocolonialismo estadounidense, Maurice Bishop fue catapultado a liderar el gobierno revolucionario que llegó al poder a través de una revolución pacífica.  Durante los 4 años de gobierno la sociedad granadina vio avances masivos en: -Educación - Alfabetización - Agro-Industria -  Servicios de la salut -   Legislación que promovia la igualdad de la mujer Y mucho más... Maurice Bishop fue aesinado por los Yankees que no podían consentir los logros conseguidos por la revolución. En el programa de hoy exploramos: - New Jewel Movement -Repercusión del imperialismo americano - Dessarrollo bajo gobiernos socialistas revolucionarios - Reflexiones para el futuro de Guinea Ecuatorial Como siempre acompañado de música: El programa de hoy será dedicado al rapero y cantante Guineo-ecuatoriano Tony Marí No os perdáis la recomendación de libro semanal de @unitedMinds

This week, Leah sat down with the hosts of three history podcasts to learn about their shows. Martine Powers from The Washington Post's The Empty Grave of Comrade Bishop, Tim Harford from Pushkin's Cautionary Tales and Ramtin Arablouei from NPR's Throughline.First, Martine Powers tells us about The Empty Grave of Comrade Bishop. In 1979, there was a revolution on the Caribbean island of Grenada. The new prime minister was a young, charismatic, socialist named Maurice Bishop. Bishop introduced a wave of social reforms, like free public healthcare and paid maternity leave. Though he was a popular leader at home, U.S president Ronald Reagan was not a fan. Less than five years after he took power, Bishop was executed in a coup. Days later, the U.S. invaded Grenada. In the chaos that followed, the bodies of Bishop and his supporters disappeared, never to be seen again. The Washington Post set out to solve the mystery. What happened to the bodies of Bishop and his supporters?Then Tim Hartford tells us how voice actors and sound design bring history to life on Cautionary Tales. He also shares a clip from an episode where a competition goes terribly awry.Finally, Ramtin Arablouei tells Leah about how Throughline has evolved over the years. From documentary style episodes about reality TV to an episode about music that was designed to fall asleep to. Throughline is just scratching the surface of what it aims to achieve. Featured podcasts: The Empty Grave of Comrade Bishop, Cautionary Tales and Throughline.

Join Mike Taber, David McNally, Anne McShane, & Tom Alter for a discussion about the Second International's strengths, weaknesses, & legacy. This event took place on October 26, 2023. At its height, the Second (Socialist) International (1889-1914) represented the majority of organized workers in the world, with the stated revolutionary aim of overthrowing capitalism. Several of Its major campaigns and initiatives—such as the eight-hour day, May Day, and International Women's Day—remain today as testaments to its lasting influence. To mark the release of Reform, Revolution, and Opportunism—a collection of debates at congresses of the Second International—join editor Mike Taber, along with David McNally, Anne McShane, and Tom Alter, for a discussion about the Second International's strengths, weaknesses, contradictions, and legacy. The speakers will draw out the relevance of socialist debates from more than a century ago on topics that remain deeply contested: militarism and war, immigration, colonialism and imperialism, women's rights, and socialist participation in government. ———————————— Get a copy of Reform, Revolution, Opportunism: https://www.haymarketbooks.org/books/... ———————————— Speakers: Mike Taber has edited and prepared a number of books related to the history of revolutionary and working-class movements—from collections of documents of the Communist International under Lenin to works by James P. Cannon, Leon Trotsky, Malcolm X, Che Guevara, Fidel Castro, Maurice Bishop, and Nelson Mandela. David McNally is the Cullen Distinguished Professor of History and Business at the University of Houston and director of the Center for the Study of Capitalism. McNally is the author of seven books and has won a number of awards, including the Paul Sweezy Award from the American Sociological Associaton for his book Global Slump and the Deutscher Memorial Award for Monsters of the Market. Anne McShane is a Marxist, a historian of the early Soviet women's movement and a human rights lawyer, specialising in representing asylum seekers. She has a long history of involvement in both the British and the Irish working class and leftwing movements. She contributes regular articles to the Weekly Worker, the journal of the British based CPGB and occasional pieces for Jacobin. She writes on Irish politics and the historical struggle to connect women's liberation with the socialist project. She is currently writing on the work of the Women's Department of the CPSU (Zhenotdel) in Soviet Central Asia, having completed a PhD on this subject in 2019 at Glasgow University. She is based in Cork, Ireland. Tom Alter is an assistant professor of history at Texas State University, where he specializes in labor and working-class history. He is the author of Toward a Cooperative Commonwealth: The Transplanted Roots of Farmer-Labor Radicalism in Texas and has been involved in labor and social justice movement activism for nearly 30 years. Watch the live event recording: https://youtube.com/live/4uhw8mFmKNk Buy books from Haymarket: www.haymarketbooks.org Follow us on Soundcloud: soundcloud.com/haymarketbooks

What does the United States owe to Grenada about the mystery of the missing remains of Maurice Bishop, his cabinet members and supporters? In the final installment of the series for now, Martine Powers takes on that question as she assesses the conclusions of the team's current reporting. She speaks with a member of the U.S. House of Representatives who has made another formal request of the U.S. military to turn over records related to the case. The Post's reporting indicates that there are several records that exist and have not been released despite multiple Freedom of Information Act requests. The episode opens with a trip to an old cemetery in Grenada's capital, where it is possible that the remains could be located. Martine learns why, despite excavations by experts over the years, confirming this has been so difficult. You can find photos and documents from the investigation in our special episode guide here. Subscribers to The Washington Post can get early access to the rest of the series on Mondays on Apple Podcasts, as well as ad-free listening. Link your Post subscription now or sign up to become a new Post subscriber here.

Wilmer Leon and Tom Porter discuss , as we exist in a political duopoly, what is the African American community to do when neither party is interested in representing its interests and the community does not seem willing to demand that they do.  The geopolitical landscape is changing from a unipolar world with the US as the unipolar hegemon to a multipolar world.  The US empire and neo-colonialism are struggling to survive.  This is a perfect moment in history for the African American community to coalesce with other oppressed peoples and implement change.   You can find me and the show on social media by searching the handle @DrWilmerLeon on X (Twitter), Instagram, and YouTube. Our Facebook page is www.facebook.com/Drwilmerleonctd All our episodes can be found at CTDpodcast.com. Transcript: Wilmer Leon (00:14): I'm Wilmer Leon. Here's the point. We have a tendency to view current events as though they occur in a vacuum, failing to understand the broader historical context in which most events take place. During each episode of this program, my guests and I will have probing, provocative, and in-depth discussions that connect the dots between current events and the broader historic context in which these events occur. This will enable you to better understand and analyze the events that impact the global village in which we live. What are we to do when neither party is interested in representing our interests and we don't seem to be willing to demand that they do? For insight into this, let's turn to my guest. He's a lifelong activist and scholar, former dean of the African-American Studies Department at Ohio University, and former director of the King Center in Atlanta, and former host of morning conversations with Tom Porter. He's Tom Porter. Tom, welcome, and let's connect some dots. Tom Porter (01:21): Good morning and thanks for having me Wiler. Wilmer Leon (01:23): So Tom, there's a lot going on right now. There are certain times or moments in history when you look back at some time later and you say, wow, that was a pivotal moment. That was the time that changed the world, the industrial revolution, the first man on the moon, the assassination of Dr. King. I believe that we're in one of those moments right now, the transformation from a unipolar to a multipolar world with the US no longer being the unipolar hegemon, the US Empire and Neocolonialism are struggling to survive. Tom, with that being understood, your assessment of what I've just stated and what are we to do? Tom Porter (02:12): It's an interesting question. At the same time that the world is, and rightly so focused on the events that are happening in the Middle East, not dealing with it in terms of a historical context, but at the same time that this is happening, there's a big meeting in China celebrating 10 years of the Belt Road Initiative where countries from all over the world are there. We are at a pivotal moment in history and what's happening in the Middle East. It is a reflection of that. It's a reflection of something historically that was wrong from the very, very, the state of Israel was founded in 1948, not in the biblical times of old. And not only was it founded in 1948, and the question you have to really ask yourself, why did they simply allow the Jews to stay in Europe? That's an interesting question. So now if you look at what is happening in the Middle East and if you deal with the results and not how the results were obtained, that is the state of Israel is a geopolitical construct. (03:37) I say that because it was put where it was put, not because it had something to do with the Bible or history, but because it was a strategic move on the part of the West to solve a problem of what to do with the Jews in Europe and also to solve a problem of establishing a geopolitical body in the Middle East to checkmate the Arabs. But while this is going on, the world has moved on. It's no longer a duopoly. It is no longer the West that's dominating. It's not only China, but it's various other organizations and formations around the world in Africa and Latin and Central America, and even in Asia, all pointing in one direction that is trying to find a way to solve the pressing problems of today, which cannot be solved unless you have a multipolar world. Wilmer Leon (04:48): You mentioned the 10th anniversary of China's Belt and Road initiative in the fact that a number of countries from all over the world came to China in order to convene, and you had President Putin spending three hours meeting with President Xi, and this is a rarity. When Putin and Lavrov traveled, foreign Secretary Lavrov traveled together. Lavrov goes to meet with Wangee, the Chinese foreign minister, and they're talking about all kinds of trade initiatives. They're talking about security initiatives, all of this taking place, and the United States isn't in the room. That, in my opinion, speaks volumes about how the world has changed. Tom Porter (05:46): Well, the West is no longer the center of the world. The West is no longer the dominant force in the world, politically, economically and actually militarily because you have around the world, as I said, different organizations and formations and the west has been left out. I mean, take Israel for years. Yesterday the United States representative of the UN vetoed a proposition that was put on the table by Brazil, vetoed it as it has in the past, and that is whenever the subject of Israel misdeeds would come up at the UN and it would pass overwhelmingly, but it was vetoed by the United States. The problem is now that the world is not paying any attention to that veto. But what is also interesting in all of this, Wilma, is the presence of blacks out front representing this country. It was a black woman who vetoed it, Linda Thomas Greenfield. (07:09) Yes, it was Lloyd Austin who went to Israel, went to Israel, and then there was this deputy who I'd never heard of, this black guy who popped up and they always put us out front. We were always out front, but there's never any reciprocity, and that's one of the problems in the African world, including here in this country, is the lack of an understanding of reciprocity because there's no agenda. The last time there was an agenda was the agenda at the Gary Convention. That was the last time. I mean, for instance, everybody wants us to support their position, but we never ask them, what is your position on reparations? Not reparations in some little city out in Illinois that decides that it's going to give a few houses away, but reparations in the same sense that Israel got reparations, the Jews got reparations, the Japanese got reparations. We don't even put it on the table. Where's the black caucus in this? Do they have a position on what's going on in the Middle East? Do they really see any relationship between what's going on in the Middle East and what's happening to us in this country? Gentrification is nothing more than a move against black people to take land in the fifties and sixties. (08:42) They call it urban renewal. We call it negro removal when they put expressways through every major black community in this country that they could, and therefore separating not only black people in terms of communities, but also limiting the possibility that we would be able to act as a force, a unified force. Wilmer Leon (09:07): Go ahead. Tom Porter (09:07): So we don't make the connections between what is happening in the Middle East and potentially what could happen to us in this country as we are marginalized more and more. It's not just gentrification, but it's also the reduction of the quality of education and our school systems. It's also the quality of healthcare. It's everything that we consider the misery index, Wilmer Leon (09:42): And it's all of those things, the misery index that we keep being told that we can't afford to ameliorate or we can't afford to solve, but somehow we can find a hundred billion dollars to send to Ukraine. We can now have a president in Joe Biden who wants to send not only money to Ukraine, but now also send more money to the settler colonial state known as Israel. And you even have Janet Yellen, the Secretary of the Treasury, saying, oh, we can fight wars. We can afford to fight wars on two fronts. That's not a problem at all. Well, if we can fight a war on two fronts, then why can't we fight the war on poverty? Why can't we fight the war on homelessness? Why can't we pay teachers in this country who are supposed to be educating the most significant resource in our culture, our children? Then why can't we afford to pay them more? Why can't we fight those fronts instead of printing money in order to send to Ukraine and in order to send to the settler colonial state known as Israel? Tom Porter (11:06): Exactly. And the problem that I'm having in all of this Wilma, is, and as I talk with my friends, I say the fundamental question that we must ask ourselves today. What does all of this mean for us? Should we have representatives at the Belt and Road Initiative in China? I visited Palestine and Lebanon years ago in a delegation that was led by Jack odell, and one of the things that I admired about the Palestinians, even though they were in a large ghetto, they were organized. They had their own Red Cross, they had their own school system. They acted as if they were in exile. We act as if we belong to something, which each and every day is saying to us that you could stay here, but under our conditions, and we have to really ask ourselves, should we? The UN has already said that the conditions of black people in this country is similar to crimes against humanity. Should this woman who represents the United States represent us at the un or should we have our own? We have to connect ourselves to the forces that are moving forward, not continue to stay and plead each and every day for the devil to accept us in hell. Wilmer Leon (12:47): What I hear you saying there is we should be having an international Mississippi Freedom Democratic Party. We should, as Mrs. Hamer did at the Democrat Convention because Mississippi would not seat black, a black delegation that we should create our own and take that to the United Nations. Tom Porter (13:16): Exactly. We have to act as we really are. We are people who are really in exile, whether we believe it or not, there was never any intention to free the slaves and there was never any intention when they were freed to honor that freedom in any meaningful way was never a 40 acres in a mule. I mean, there was never, they had no plan for black people of African descent in this country beyond slavery any more than they had a plan to give the land back to the Native Americans. They never had any plan, and they still don't have a plan. And we have been continuing in each generation, our politics has been focused on trying to convince the people who run this country that we are worthy of being a part of this piece of SHIT. Rather than saying, Hey, I mean it's like critical race theory. (14:25) Why should we be concerned about whether white people want to know about black people? We should be concerned about knowing about ourselves, knowing what our history is, what our history has been. It should be taught in every place that black people gather in the churches and the neighborhood houses and what have you, but we shouldn't be concerned about that. But if people seeking freedom would not be concerned whether or not they're enemies who have been their enemies and will always be their enemy because of the nature of the capitalistic system, they can't solve the problem of black people or the native Americans of brown people, of working people, of poor people within the confines of capitalism. It is impossible. Wilmer Leon (15:14): You mentioned putting black faces on the front of all of this. If we shift the conversation, for example to Haiti, that would be a perfect example of what you're talking about. It's Hakeem Jeffries who has been traversing the Caribbean, trying to convince Caribbean countries to join the US invasion of Haiti. I believe Kamala Harris was a part, I know she's not part of the CBC, but she was at one point that she also was down at Racom trying to convince Caribbean countries to back the US invasion of Haiti. And now they finally convinced Kenya to get on board and send a thousand Kenyan. So-called policemen to Haiti, and fortunately the Kenyan Supreme Court has said not so fast they think that this move violates the Kenyan constitution. But I just use that as an example of how African-Americans are put on the face. I call it minstrel internationalism because it's black face on white folks foolishness Tom Porter (16:37): Without a doubt. They haven't really asked anybody black to comment on what is happening in the Middle East. Only to say that I support the state of Israel or the state of Israel has a rhythm. Wilmer Leon (16:52): Right to exist. Tom Porter (16:53): Right to exist and right to defend itself. Well, that's an interesting question because it goes back to 1948. It's not like this is an old situation, and it was a land grab that the people who settled and formed the state of Israel were not from that part of the world world. Their history was in Europe. And that's why I say it was a geopolitical construct. I mean, they considered putting it where Uganda is, and then they were going to put it in Latin America. So they considered a number of different places. So there's nothing sacrosanct about the state of Israel because the other thing is they say that Israel is the only democracy in the, if in fact Palestinians were allowed to vote in elections in Israel, Wilmer Leon (17:57): They'd be outnumbered. Tom Porter (17:59): Yeah, they'd be outnumbered. But again, we have to ask ourselves, what does this all mean for us? Biden's making these crazy statements. What does it mean to us? What does it mean to us that we give Israel more money than we give the whole continent of Africa every year, but we take more out of the continent of Africa every year. Wilmer Leon (18:32): Go ahead, finish that. Tom Porter (18:33): Then we take out of any other continent. Wilmer Leon (18:36): And to that point, that's one of the things that motivated Niger to throw the French out of Niger, which was we have some of the most precious resources in our country that are extracted from our country every year and somehow some way we're one of the poorest countries in the world. And they were saying, we have to change that dynamic. And what did they do took, and you know what? I think this is a great place to talk about the difference between flag independence and real freedom. Because for example, when you look at Palestine, they have a flag. When you look at Niger, they have a flag. When you look at so many of these former colonial states, which are now neo-colonial states, they got their independence, which means they got a flag, they got a government to a great degree, they control a lot of their politics, but what they don't control was their economies. And when you control your economy, you then have real freedom. And that's what a lot of these resistance movements now are about, is controlling their, what did Gil Scott Heron say? When I control your resources, I control your world. Tom Porter (20:10): That's right. It's interesting because I'm constantly having to remind my friends from the Caribbean that who like to talk about we have our own flag, and I have to constantly remind them that brother and sister, that's just another place where the slave ship stop. Don't get this stuff twisted. And it's very important that we understand that because they are using, do you notice that people who were black Americans now refer to themselves as black American of Jamaican descent, black Americans, of what they were comfortable in being black Americans. And now that they understand that the country is using them, the Black studies movement was undermined by bringing reactionary Africans and people from the Caribbean into leadership. You don't have to take my word for it, do a survey. So because you can come here and don't have a commitment to the struggle of black people in this country, and you leave the real struggle that's going on in your country. So we're beginning to see that not only, but just notice this from now on, people who now say that I'm a black American and of so-and-so, but when you were taking advantage of everything that we had fought for, you were happy in being a black American. Wilmer Leon (21:37): But here's a point that I haven't heard anybody mention, and that is the Balfour Agreement from 1917, which is where the whole agreement to establish a colony in Palestine was agreed to in London. And one of the provisions of the Balfour Declaration was the civil rights and protections of the indigenous Palestinians will not be assaulted. They will be protected. In fact, if you read the Balfour Declaration, Israel isn't mentioned. All it talks about is a homeland for Jewish people in Palestine with a capital P. Tom Porter (22:33): That's interesting. But see, there you go, raising those vicious truths, Wilmer Leon (22:39): Connecting the dots, Tom Porter (22:43): Which is really so important that we understand, as Cabral would say, connecting the struggles that we understand the interrelatedness of the world in which we live, in which China talks about bringing the world together to solve pressing problems, Wilmer Leon (23:01): As does Russia, Tom Porter (23:03): Right? The West, basically everything is a matter of national security. They're motivated. The new justification for every dirty deeded that they want to do is it's a matter of national security. If black people really begin to push hard, they're going to say that it's a matter of national security that we have to deal with. Not that the issue that they're raising is not important. They're not even talking about unifying the world even to solve the problem of climate. They're not talking about peace. They're talking about war, strategic interests and what have you. They're not even discussing building a better world, because if they talked about building a better world, they would have to change the system. And I mean something as simple as trying to solve the climate problem. Well, you could always say that by so-and-so and so-and-So we're going to eliminate the use of automobiles and have more public transportation more. I mean, you can go some places in this country, like my state of Ohio, if you don't have a car, you can't get around. There's no rail system. I mean, one of the things about the east coast, you can go to Philly, you can go to New York, or you get in the Midwest, it gets tricky. Wilmer Leon (24:40): You can go to Europe and never need a car with trains and buses and subway systems. You can go to Europe and never need a driver's license. Tom Porter (24:54): It's a mess, I tell you. Wilmer Leon (24:56): But you know, I'm glad that you brought up war versus solving problems because going back to the meeting that recently took place in China, while that meeting was taking place in China and they were cutting economic deals, they were cutting development deals, they were talking about how to make the world safer and improve the world. Joe Biden was in the Middle East fanning the flames of war, encouraging Netanyahu to invade Gaza, telling him, I've got your back. Go ahead and go on in. And I found it ironic that a couple of weeks ago, maybe a month or so ago, we were looking forward to the Saudis signing a deal, an agreement to recognize the colony known as Israel. And then once Hamas went in and sent those missiles into the colony, the settler colony, Saudi Arabia said, no, that's probably not a good idea right now we need to sit back and reevaluate all of this. Tony Blinken goes to Saudi Arabia and Mohammed bin Salman makes him wait damn near an entire day before MBS sits down with Blinken sending a very clear message. The dynamic is changing Tom Porter (26:45): Because what the Arab nations have to deal with Wilmer Leon (26:50): Are the Arab people, Tom Porter (26:51): The Arab people, the Arab streets, and you got mostly all over the world. The population is getting younger and younger in Africa, in the Middle East, in Asia. It's getting young and younger, and they definitely want a better world, a world free from war. And what Biden and blinking and these people are all selling more war. Why would you send more military weapons to a country that's already just overburdened with weapons? And the thing that they don't mention in any of these discussions is that Israel has nuclear weapons that's always had them. And in contrast to when South Africa gained this political independence, the one thing that they had agreed to was to emulate their nuclear weapons. South Africa had nuclear weapons under apartheid, and one of their leading, if not leading most important trading partner was Israel. Was Israel. When people say Israel is an apartheid state, it has always supported apartheid. So that's not really, but a small step from supporting apartheid someplace else and instituting the same practices in your country. And Biden goes without any understanding, without any mentioning of the apartheid nature of Israel or in mentioning in a real meaningful, substantive sense, freedom, justice, inequality for the Palestinians. He didn't even mention the two state solution, I don't think. Wilmer Leon (28:47): No. What he did mention that he did in his last speech, he did utter the words to state solution. But what he did not do as he called for peace, he never talked about equality for the Palestinians. And he talked about democracy, but he never spoke about democracy for the Palestinians. Because if you talk, people need to ask themselves this question, what does it mean when Netanyahu or Ben or Mulch talks about an Israeli state? Nobody asks, what does that mean? And it's important for me to say right here, this is not an antisemitic conversation. This has absolutely nothing to do with Jews because this has everything to do with Zionism. And it's important for people to understand. Not all Jews are Zionists, and not all Zionists are Jews. So this conversation has nothing to do with antisemitism. It has everything to do with freedom and justice, not only for the Palestinians, because it has everything to do with freedom and justice for the world. Because if you solve that problem of the settler colonial state and the genocide that's being exercised in the settler colonial state, you can solve a lot of other problems at the same time. Tom Porter (30:40): Well, Israel will never be safe within its borders until it deals fairly with the Palestinians. I mean, you can't just, as Fanon would say, we rebel because we can't breathe. We rebel because we can't breathe. You have 2 million people pushed together in what is nothing but a ghetto. And then you're taking more and more of that each day. You're shooting more and more of them each day. We have to get beyond this notion that if we criticize Israel or if we criticize some behavior of some members of the Jewish community, that we will be accused of antisemitism. (31:29) We have to get beyond that. I mean, clearly they're going to anything that you say that is not in line with what APAC or one of those other organizations, you're antisemite. And so if you go for that, you will never say anything, even if it's in your interest. It's not in Hakeem Jeffries interest to be talking about, we got your back, Israel. They don't have your back. Where's the reciprocity? It's not in the interest of this black woman up in the UN doing the bidding of the United States by vetoing, by doing what the United States has always done. It is not in our interest. It is not an interest of black people. And you can't say that I'm doing my job because you can always leave your job. I mean, if you are doing something that's not in your interest, you're crazy. Wilmer Leon (32:30): You mentioned a world free from war, and I want to just reiterate the point that at that economic in China, they weren't talking about war. They were talking about peace. But what does Gil Scott Heron say? Ask them what they're fighting for and they'll never tell you the economics of war because you were asking about why is the United States sending more weapons into the region? The reason is Lockheed Martin makes a lot of money when they do Raytheon, which by the way, our Secretary of Defense sat on the board of makes a lot of money when they do. That's why these cluster munitions are being sent into Ukraine. Why? Because they've been sitting on the shelf for years because they've been banned internationally. They want to clear their basements and their shelves, say again, Tom Porter (33:34): Their inventory. Wilmer Leon (33:35): They want to clear their inventory why? So they can get contracts for new weapons. That's what a lot of this is all about. And because sending more weapons into Ukraine at this stage of the game isn't going to change the dynamics on the battlefield. That war is over. It's done. The only question now to answer is how much longer does the United States want to push Ukraine to continue to take this weapon? That's the only question. Tom Porter (34:07): And the fact is sitting, all these are matters into the Middle East, these ships and what have you. It's just a show and supporting the military industrial complex because the United States is not going to get involved in a war in a Middle East because it will inflame the whole Middle East and the state of Israel will cease to exist if that happens. So I mean, it is bs, but there's an old saying that capitalism can only grow under war, and socialism can only grow, can grow only in peace. And so the Chinese know that if we can build a better mousetrap, and we can't do that if we just trying to build up an army, what have you, we have an army, what have you, but we don't want to get in any kind of war at all. We're not going to get sucked into something. With Taiwan, we played a long game. The Taiwanese are Chinese people, and there's a difference between the government and people. So capitalism, the history of capitalism has been, war has been plundering, has been rape. That's the history of capitalism. It was founded Wilmer Leon (35:27): Markets and resources, markets, resources and labor. That's Tom Porter (35:34): We were both the market and the labor. Wilmer Leon (35:36): We, well, in fact, many will argue that that's one of the reasons why they had to end enslavement in this country was because they needed those enslaved individuals as customers. Tom Porter (35:52): That's interesting because that is basically what we are even in the country days, is consumers. (36:01) Consumers. And if we would stop, my godson has a book, the Myth of Black Buying Power, which is true. But the other side of that is that the strength that we do have is to withdraw participation in the game of capitalism except where necessary. That is real power. The guy who on the bus in Montgomery, he never quit lacking blacks, never quit discriminating against blacks in his mind. But he had to decide whether or not he was going to have a bus company or not, and he just held his nose and said, they can ride anywhere they want to ride. Wilmer Leon (36:48): Which is one of the things I always, and you were much closer to that than I was, than I ever could have been. I always felt that one of the mistakes that we made early in that game was getting back on the bus. Once we decided to not ride the bus. We should have sent the bus company into bankruptcy. Tom Porter (37:11): Right. And started our own. Wilmer Leon (37:14): Exactly. Exactly. Tom Porter (37:17): I mean, the history of black people in this country is that when we did our own, we had more power and greatest strength and greater community. You take the, I remember growing up with the Negro Leagues, it was nothing like it. And who cared about what Babe Ruth or somebody else was doing? Wilmer Leon (37:44): We had Hank Aaron, right? We had Josh Gibson. Tom Porter (37:47): The whole myth that black quarterbacks didn't have whatever it took to be quarterbacks, whatever were quarterbacks in every black high school to every black college in the country. They just wasn't playing in the NFL. Wilmer Leon (38:00): And look at the NFL today, Tom Porter (38:02): Right? And that is why the Negro Leagues, and that's a whole nother discussion about Jackie Robinson, not him personally, but the integrating of baseball had absolutely nothing to do, but fairness of being right by black people. It had to do with the fact that more people were going to see black baseball than was going to see white baseball. And whenever black baseball and white baseball meant black Wilmer Leon (38:33): Baseball, baseball won. Tom Porter (38:37): The same is true with the A, B, A and the NBA. More people were going to watch Dr. J and Artist Gilmore, they were going to watch the NBA. So we say we got to merge it. And it's so much that in America, it's like the difference between jazz and black music. Anybody can play jazz, but everybody can't play Wilmer Leon (38:59): Black music. Can't play black music. Well, it's interesting that you brought up the ABA and the NBA and comparing that to the integration of baseball, because when they integrated baseball, they didn't bring the black teams into Major League baseball. No, they did not. They brought the black players because if you bring the black teams, you have to bring black ownership. And I think it was Queen Mother Moore. And again, you may know that, you probably know that history a whole lot better than me, but I thought it was Queen Mother Moore in New York that kept advocating for don't take the players out of the Negro Leagues, integrate the teams. But when they went to the A, b, A and the NBA, the ABA was still, that was white ownership in the A, B, A. It was white ownership in the NBA. So what did they do with the A, B, A? They integrated players and teams instead of just players. Because if they had done the same thing with basketball that they did with baseball, a lot of those A teams would've folded. Tom Porter (40:08): You're absolutely right. You're absolutely right. So same, we see the same thing playing out today, and they give us Jay-Z and Queen B give us Obama and Michelle. They give us all of these things. And at the same time that the life for the majority of black people in this country is getting worse because it's good that magic decides to give some black kid a scholarship, but that's not the same as quality education for all black kids. That's like a lottery. You get lucky if Magic knows you or jz. JZ gets to do the Super Bowl a halftime at the Super Bowl, but that doesn't mean anything to these black kids who are out in the street, who can't go to the Super Bowl, can't go to a local NFL game, Wilmer Leon (41:17): May not have a television in their home to watch the Super Bowl. Tom Porter (41:21): It doesn't really mean anything. And so this kind of tokenism and we get caught up in it. I mean, right now we're kind of caught up in what's that? Will Smith and Jada? Jada Ja Wilmer Leon (41:34): Pinkett. Tom Porter (41:34): I don't know what it's all about, and I don't really care because it's really not that important. It just really isn't that important. So we have to be very, very, Wilmer Leon (41:44): Or the discussion about Tyler Perry and what Tyler Perry is doing and how great it is for black people, even though he has a non-union organization in Atlanta, and we know what unions did to help create the black middle class. He made a lot of his money playing off of stereotypes of black people. Tom Porter (42:08): He still, I mean, I think about a week ago I saw one of his movies, it was late at night. I turned on a movie. It was why I got Married or something. And it's basically black people playing white people in black face. That's basically what it is. I mean, the kind of issues that they have and the kind of jobs that they have Wilmer Leon (42:31): And the responses and solutions that are provided are not ours. In fact, I remember Barack is saying They playing you better than you. Tom Porter (42:42): No question. Wilmer Leon (42:45): So here's the question, Tom, what are we to do? We're looking at 2024 right now. We're looking at Trump and Biden don't know if Trump's going to get there because he may wind up in jail. Don't know if Biden's going to get there. He doesn't really know where he is. So given that right now, that's what we have. They're talking about Robert Kennedy now has declared he's going to run as an independent. Dr. West has left the Green Party and he's running as an independent. So to those that are watching and listening right now, Tom, what are we to do in a duopoly where neither party is concerned about us and we don't seem to be concerned about demanding that they are. Tom Porter (43:46): One of the reasons why they had to derail Jesse's campaign had and the Democrats derailed his campaign and led by a segment of the Jewish community. People forget that when Jesse announced that he was running for president and the convention center in Washington dc, the Jewish Defense League interrupted his announcement. And everywhere Jesse went in those early days, and in those early days, he called it the road team. It was myself, Jesse, and Florence Tate, the press secretary. We were traveling from city to city, and the JDL was harassing us at every place that we went. And it was because of the nation of Islam providing us security of security that they backed off. I can remember our first meeting in New York with a Jewish community, Jewish leaders in New York. Percy Sutton met us backstage with a Yama Corps in his head explaining to us how we had to deal with how we had to relate with Jews. (45:09) So the Jaime thing, they never heard. Jaime and Jesse never used Jaime in a negative derogative way. I mean, the Jewish community would tell you, New York is theirs, so they don't have a problem. Ask Chuck Schumer, right? So they didn't have a problem with that. Ask Gregory Meeks. But the base of the Democratic Party was labor and the black community labor split. A lot of labor went for Donald Trump. Trump. Some went for Biden. The black community is the only community that has remained loyal to the Democratic Party. The Democratic party. There's nothing on the agenda that speaks to any concrete solution to what black people need and deserve nothing at all. So my position is I'm not going to focus on the less of two evils. That's evil. Yeah, evil is evil. And that's been going on for a very long time. And we've come up short. (46:30) We came up short with Obama. We came up short with Clinton. We came up with both of the bushes. We keep coming up short. The only person who sincerely attempted to address the issues of black people was Jimmy Carter. And of course it got him in trouble. So we have to begin to think it's good to run as an independent, and I'm glad to see Cornell West through that, but he does not have the base and the understanding and the clarity that Jesse had in the notion of a rainbow coalition and the Rainbow Coalition. We used to call it the domestic third world in the sixties, the unity of black, brown and yellow people and whoever else wanted to you because that's where the strength is. And so unless Cornell West could pull it off and he can't, but we must independently, we must have an agenda that says, if you want our vote, this is what we're going to do. (47:35) And if you're not willing to do this, then we're not voting for you because you're going to come up, which we're going to come up with snake eyes anyhow. Because when you get in, as Biden has done, he does a lot of symbolic stuff and he's got some symbolic clowns around him, Clyburn Sharp, Al, and this group and all the people. I mean, there's just some interesting stuff that's happening and we're getting left out of it. Nobody asks us what we think about any of these issues, how King Jeffries can speak about the state of Israel, but he can't speak about reparations. I mean, what good is he to us if he's not carrying our water? I mean, what good is Lloyd Austin if he's Secretary of Defense Wilmer Leon (48:31): And not defending us? Tom Porter (48:32): That's right. And all of these so that if they're not doing that and we have to call 'em out, we have to call out the Black Caucus. If you say you represent us, this is what we want you to do. We'd be better off without you. Wilmer Leon (48:48): And in the state of things today. In fact, I'm glad you mentioned the Black Caucus, because I've said for a very long time that when you look at the original, I think it was 13, when you look at the original Black Caucus and you look at where they came from, they came out of the struggle. They came out of the community and they came out of organizations and organic, many of them organic organizations within the community we're now a couple of generations removed from that. And I don't think that it's an accident that they are now less progressive, less effective than the original group that was known as the Conscience, conscience of the Congress Tom Porter (49:42): And less connected to the community because they're not funded by the community. They are funded by outside interests, and they no longer see that they have to represent us. They don't go home to their communities. You don't hear anything from, I don't know any members of the black community, somebody, I mean Meeks, I don't know anything about Black Caucus. Yeah, black Caucus. I don't even know them anymore. I used to know all of them. I used to participate, but it's nothing to participate in now. And we've got to have a whole new thinking that's in line with where the world is going, not where the world has been. So that we need to have both a domestic and international policy. We need to be connected with the Belt and Road initiative. I'm not talking about just black people in this country, and there are some African countries that are connected. Wilmer Leon (50:49): A lot of them are. Tom Porter (50:52): We've got to rethink what does Pan-Africanism mean today? Because it is still important. I mean, we've only been in this country a short while, so I mean, it ain't like we've been here for a long time. So as Africa is beginning to emerge, that we must emerge with it. We must have a new way of thinking about Pan Africans and what does it mean? And the Chinese are trying bit by bit to reorganize Ong and the African, Asian and Latin American conferences that used to take place in this country. I mean in the world, we have to rethink all of this, but we have to also in rethinking that realize that we need these formations in today's world. Wilmer Leon (51:46): We need these formations in today's world. And you talk about organizing, and a lot of people listening to this might say, well, what do you mean? Well, when you look at, for example, the L-G-B-T-Q community, they organized, they demanded, they got a president to come out, an African-American president to come out and support same-sex marriage. You look at the women's movement and they organized. They demanded, and they got an African-American president who very proudly and rightfully says, the first piece of legislation that I signed was the Lily Ledbetter Fair Pay Act. And now you have folks that'll say, well, why is the African-American community complaining when there are African-American members of the L-G-B-T-Q community, there are black women that benefited from the Lily led better Fair Pay Act. There's a difference between being an indirect beneficiary of a policy. There's a difference between being an indirect beneficiary of a policy and being a direct beneficiary of a policy. Tom Porter (53:04): Well, as I say, I believe in reciprocity. And if you come to me, and I've experienced this before in the past, people asking me to support something, I said, where do you stand on the issues that affect black people? Don't come to me and say that our struggles are similar. I mean, I don't need to tell me that your struggle is similar to mine. I need you to tell me where you stand on those issues that impact me. When Kamala Harris was in Africa recently, the complaint of the Africans is that she spent more time trying to convince them why they should be involved with the LG community. I can never say that, right? Too many letters, but they complained that that's all she was talking about, the Africans. But where does this community stand? Wilmer Leon (54:03): Lemme just quickly interject that in that issue of L-G-B-T-Q on the continent, that issue was not an indigenous issue or an organic issue to countries on the continent. That issue was brought there by white evangelicals Tom Porter (54:26): Who Wilmer Leon (54:26): Went there and raised that and presented that as something that mattered in countries that didn't give a damn about it. Tom Porter (54:39): Again, as I say, we got to have a clear agenda, and it's got to be rooted in reciprocity, and it's got to be an agenda that impacts African people wherever they are. And because if you don't think about it in a large sense, what you'll get is what's happening to reparations. I mean, I think it's Evanston, Illinois, which has for some reason, they of doing something with reparations, and now they become a leader in the reparations movement. And then we have to watch these organizations in the black community because people are leading organizations today who 20 years ago were anti-socialist, were anti-communist, Ron Daniels and your mentor, I would say your mentor, but Ron Walters, they were part of expelling Ami Baraka from the Black Political Movement because he was a socialist. And yesterday Ron Daniel's organization was in Grenada supporting the anniversary of Maurice Bishop's movement. But 20 years ago, these people were on the opposite side. It's interesting that the MacArthur Foundation gave Ron Daniels $500,000. I don't know what for, but I know a leopard doesn't change its spots either. So they're bringing all of these people back. Al Sharpton, who used to be a snitch. How do you decide that you're not going to be a snitch? You go in and tell the people you were snitching to, I'm not going to do it anymore. (56:29) But these people, they have to justify. How do you come from that to where you presenting yourself as a leader? After Dr. King and all of the great speakers we have, it's easy for you to become a speaker. You can just plagiarize turn around Dr. King of Malcolm and what have you. So it's not Mr. Say, Mr. Do and what have you been doing in the past? So we got to take a look at the leadership and not be afraid to reject them. I think Barack Obama and his wife looked good. They were good representation of how middle and upper class blacks should look. Wilmer Leon (57:19): But what did they do Tom Porter (57:21): Right? Tom Wilmer Leon (57:22): Porter, I got to thank you as always, my brother. Thank you so much for joining me today. Big shout out to my producer, melody McKinley. Thank you so much, folks for joining Connecting the Dots podcast. I'm Dr. Wimer Leon. This is where the analysis of politics, culture, and history converge. And remember, talk without analysis is just chatter, and we don't chatter on connecting the dots. Stay tuned for new episodes every week. Also, please follow and subscribe. Leave a review, share my show, follow me on social media. You can find all the links on the show in the show description. I'll see you next time. Until then, treat each day like it's your last because one day you'll be right. I'm Dr. Wilmer Leon. Peace and Blessings. I'm out

Every 19th of October, Grenadians mark a somber anniversary: the 1983 execution of the country's former prime minister and revolutionary leader, Maurice Bishop, and others who died alongside him. The people of this Caribbean nation still have no closure 40 years later. The remains of Bishop and his supporters were never returned to their family members and are missing to this day. In the first episode of “The Empty Grave of Comrade Bishop,” The Washington Post's Martine Powers takes us on the personal journey that led her to learn about Grenada's history. Martine delves into why Bishop was such an influential figure, what made the United States nervous about him and why the mystery of his missing remains continues to haunt so many on the island.Listen to more episodes here – or on Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts, Amazon Music or Spotify. You can find photos and documents from the investigation in our special episode guide here. Subscribers to The Washington Post can get early access to episodes of the series on Apple Podcasts, as well as ad-free listening. Link your Post subscription now or sign up to become a new Post subscriber here.

When Martine Powers began looking into the mystery of the missing remains of Maurice Bishop, his cabinet members and supporters, one of the most noted explorations of the case turned out to be done by a group of high school boys in Grenada more than two decades ago. She was able to locate some of the now-adult investigators and the old principal of the school to learn what compelled them to do this as a class project, and how they found their sources. One of the people they interviewed, a former Jamaican soldier, witnessed the exhumation at Calivigny. What he told them more than 20 years ago is central to why many Grenadians think the U.S. government has not told the entire story of what happened to the remains after they were discovered. But he eventually stopped responding to students. Martine and her colleagues searched for the witness for more than a year. They also amassed hours of other tape from interviews with other people who were at the exhumation. What they were left with were incomplete memories of exactly what transpired the day the remains at Calivigny were recovered. Then, there was a breakthrough – with new questions about where all of this leads.You can find photos and documents from the investigation in our special episode guide here. Subscribers to The Washington Post can get early access to the rest of the series on Mondays on Apple Podcasts, as well as ad-free listening. Link your Post subscription now or sign up to become a new Post subscriber here.

Every 19th of October, Grenadians mark a somber anniversary: the 1983 execution of the country's former prime minister and revolutionary leader, Maurice Bishop, and others who died alongside him. The people of this Caribbean nation still have no closure 40 years later. The remains of Bishop and his supporters were never returned to their family members and are missing to this day. In the first episode of “The Empty Grave of Comrade Bishop,” The Washington Post's Martine Powers takes us on the personal journey that led her to learn about Grenada's history. Martine delves into why Bishop was such an influential figure, what made the United States nervous about him and why the mystery of his missing remains continues to haunt so many on the island.Listen to more episodes here – or on Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts, Amazon Music or Spotify. You can find photos and documents from the investigation in our special episode guide here. Subscribers to The Washington Post can get early access to episodes of the series on Apple Podcasts, as well as ad-free listening. Link your Post subscription now or sign up to become a new Post subscriber here.

In October 1983, Maurice Bishop, the revolutionary leader and prime minister of Grenada, was executed alongside seven others amid a power struggle in the island nation. Ever since, a mystery has persisted: What happened to their bodies? The whereabouts of Bishop's remains is unknown, and for the past two years, Washington Post journalists have been trying to find them. Martine Powers hosts the new Post investigative podcast, “The Empty Grave of Comrade Bishop.” She's been fascinated by Bishop's story for years, and she takes listeners on a journey through his rise and untimely death. The podcast is part mystery, party history. Bishop was a dynamic, charismatic leader, and an important figure in the history of Black power and politics, his influence felt in Grenada and the United States. The Reagan administration saw Bishop as a socialist threat and worried that the Soviet Union might build a base on Grenada. Days after Bishop was killed, the United States led an invasion of the island. Listeners may also know Martine as the host of “Post Reports,” the news organization's daily podcast. Shane Harris and Martine have spent a lot of time together in the recording studio, but this is the first time he's asked her the questions. They discussed her new project, how she made her way from print reporting to podcasts, and what she thinks audio journalism gives readers that traditional news reporting often can't. Among the works mentioned in this episode:“The Empty Grave of Comrade Bishop” episode guide Martine's bioBishop speaking in New York in 1983President Ronald Reagan speaking about Bishop and Grenada (around 14:20): https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wfLGDxnRH-Q Excerpts of Reagan's address following the invasion of GrenadaWashington Post coverage of the invasion: https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/politics/1983/10/26/the-invasion-of-grenada/cc0f5e1c-9a3b-4d53-bc42-a5708da9f77f/ https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/politics/1983/10/26/the-invasion-of-grenada/18d2aa63-f54f-4e76-932b-275fae48c3ea/ White House photos during the invasionChatter is a production of Lawfare and Goat Rodeo. This episode was produced and edited by Cara Shillenn of Goat Rodeo. Podcast theme by David Priess, featuring music created using Groovepad. Support this show http://supporter.acast.com/lawfare. Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

In October 1983, Maurice Bishop, the revolutionary leader and prime minister of Grenada, was executed alongside seven others amid a power struggle in the island nation. Ever since, a mystery has persisted: What happened to their bodies? The whereabouts of Bishop's remains is unknown, and for the past two years, Washington Post journalists have been trying to find them. Martine Powers hosts the new Post investigative podcast, “The Empty Grave of Comrade Bishop.” She's been fascinated by Bishop's story for years, and she takes listeners on a journey through his rise and untimely death. The podcast is part mystery, party history. Bishop was a dynamic, charismatic leader, and an important figure in the history of Black power and politics, his influence felt in Grenada and the United States. The Reagan administration saw Bishop as a socialist threat and worried that the Soviet Union might build a base on Grenada. Days after Bishop was killed, the United States led an invasion of the island. Listeners may also know Martine as the host of “Post Reports,” the news organization's daily podcast. Shane Harris and Martine have spent a lot of time together in the recording studio, but this is the first time he's asked her the questions. They discussed her new project, how she made her way from print reporting to podcasts, and what she thinks audio journalism gives readers that traditional news reporting often can't. Among the works mentioned in this episode:“The Empty Grave of Comrade Bishop” episode guide Martine's bioBishop speaking in New York in 1983President Ronald Reagan speaking about Bishop and Grenada (around 14:20): https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wfLGDxnRH-Q Excerpts of Reagan's address following the invasion of GrenadaWashington Post coverage of the invasion: https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/politics/1983/10/26/the-invasion-of-grenada/cc0f5e1c-9a3b-4d53-bc42-a5708da9f77f/ https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/politics/1983/10/26/the-invasion-of-grenada/18d2aa63-f54f-4e76-932b-275fae48c3ea/ White House photos during the invasionChatter is a production of Lawfare and Goat Rodeo. This episode was produced and edited by Cara Shillenn of Goat Rodeo. Podcast theme by David Priess, featuring music created using Groovepad. Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

Why would the U.S. government have an interest in hiding the remains of an assassinated revolutionary leader? In this episode of “The Empty Grave of Comrade Bishop,” Martine Powers puts this question to Americans who served in Grenada after the invasion 40 years ago, including alumni of the U.S. State Department and a former CIA analyst.“I don't follow the logic of Maurice Bishop as a symbol for communism or anti-Americanism,” said Lino Gutierrez, a former ambassador who worked as a foreign service officer in Grenada. According to Guy Farmer, a spokesperson for the U.S. Embassy in Grenada, “It would have been good for us if we had found Maurice Bishop's body, showing how violent and terrible the Bernard Coard-Hudson Austin faction was. That would have been good for us.”But when The Post's reporting turns to the role of the U.S. military – and in particular, a battalion of Army rangers who conducted an attack on a Grenadian military training camp – the picture gets more complicated, raising new theories about when and how the United States might have discovered a critical piece of evidence.You can find photos and documents from the investigation in our special episode guide here. Subscribers to The Washington Post can get early access to the rest of the series on Mondays on Apple Podcasts, as well as ad-free listening. Link your Post subscription now or sign up to become a new Post subscriber here.

Every 19th of October, Grenadians mark a somber anniversary: the 1983 execution of the country's former prime minister and revolutionary leader, Maurice Bishop, and others who died alongside him. The people of this Caribbean nation still have no closure 40 years later. The remains of Bishop and his supporters were never returned to their family members and are missing to this day. In the first episode of “The Empty Grave of Comrade Bishop,” The Washington Post's Martine Powers takes us on the personal journey that led her to learn about Grenada's history. Martine delves into why Bishop was such an influential figure, what made the United States nervous about him and why the mystery of his missing remains continues to haunt so many on the island.Listen to more episodes here – or on Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts, Amazon Music or Spotify. You can find photos and documents from the investigation in our special episode guide here. Subscribers to The Washington Post can get early access to episodes of the series on Apple Podcasts, as well as ad-free listening. Link your Post subscription now or sign up to become a new Post subscriber here.

Every 19th of October, Grenadians mark a somber anniversary: the 1983 execution of the country's former prime minister and revolutionary leader, Maurice Bishop, and others who died alongside him. The people of this Caribbean nation still have no closure 40 years later. The remains of Bishop and his supporters were never returned to their family members and are missing to this day. In the first episode of “The Empty Grave of Comrade Bishop,” The Washington Post's Martine Powers takes us on the personal journey that led her to learn about Grenada's history. Martine delves into why Bishop was such an influential figure, what made the United States nervous about him and why the mystery of his missing remains continues to haunt so many on the island.Listen to more episodes here – or on Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts, Amazon Music or Spotify. You can find photos and documents from the investigation in our special episode guide here. Subscribers to The Washington Post can get early access to episodes of the series on Apple Podcasts, as well as ad-free listening. Link your Post subscription now or sign up to become a new Post subscriber here.

Professor Robert Jordan was among the few people still on the campus of St. George's University in November of 1983, in the days after the U.S. invasion of Grenada. One day a strange request came in: The U.S. military wanted to use his anatomy lab at the university for a forensic exam.Martine Powers visits what is left of the old lab and hears the professor's story about what he saw that day. What transpired in that examination 40 years ago has raised serious questions about the identity and condition of the remains recovered from the pit at Calivigny.Later in the episode, Martine puts some of those questions to the “Grenada 17,” the individuals held responsible for the murder of Maurice Bishop and the others killed with him. She asks: What did they do with the bodies? And could they be omitting information that could explain the mystery?You can find photos and documents from the investigation in our special episode guide here. Subscribers to The Washington Post can get early access to the rest of the series on Mondays on Apple Podcasts, as well as ad-free listening. Link your Post subscription now or sign up to become a new Post subscriber here.

Every 19th of October, Grenadians mark a somber anniversary: the 1983 execution of the country's former prime minister and revolutionary leader, Maurice Bishop, and others who died alongside him. The people of this Caribbean nation still have no closure 40 years later. The remains of Bishop and his supporters were never returned to their family members and are missing to this day. In the first episode of “The Empty Grave of Comrade Bishop,” The Washington Post's Martine Powers takes us on the personal journey that led her to learn about Grenada's history. Martine delves into why Bishop was such an influential figure, what made the United States nervous about him and why the mystery of his missing remains continues to haunt so many on the island.Listen to more episodes here – or on Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts, Amazon Music or Spotify. You can find photos and documents from the investigation in our special episode guide here. Subscribers to The Washington Post can get early access to episodes of the series on Apple Podcasts, as well as ad-free listening. Link your Post subscription now or sign up to become a new Post subscriber here.

How does a revolution implode? Martine Powers traces the rise and fall of Maurice Bishop and the origin of the mystery left behind.Read more:Maurice Bishop was a charismatic leader who captured the imagination of many Grenadians. But the revolution he helped spark began to buckle under pressure within his party. Martine Powers tries to understand the life of Bishop and what propelled him into the position of prime minister, the promise of the beginning of the revolution and the events that led to his brutal death. That history reveals why the mystery of the missing remains haunts Grenada to this day. Martine speaks with Bishop's sister, his fellow revolutionaries and the family members of some of the other victims killed on Oct. 19, 1983. They tell harrowing stories of having their own lives endangered, the last moments they saw their loved ones alive and what it's been like to not be able to give them a proper funeral.Listen to more episodes here – or on Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts, Amazon Music or Spotify. You can find photos and documents from the investigation in our special episode guide here. Subscribers to The Washington Post can get early access to episodes of the series on Apple Podcasts, as well as ad-free listening. Link your Post subscription now or sign up to become a new Post subscriber here.

Forty years ago, the body of a prime minister went missing. The Post's Martine Powers asks: Who's responsible?Read more:Every 19th of October, Grenadians mark a somber anniversary: the 1983 execution of the country's former prime minister and revolutionary leader, Maurice Bishop, and others who died alongside him. The people of this Caribbean nation still have no closure 40 years later. The remains of Bishop and his supporters were never returned to their family members and are missing to this day. In the first episode of “The Empty Grave of Comrade Bishop,” The Washington Post's Martine Powers takes us on the personal journey that led her to learn about Grenada's history. Martine delves into why Bishop was such an influential figure, what made the United States nervous about him and why the mystery of his missing remains continues to haunt so many on the island.Listen to more episodes here – or on Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts, Amazon Music or Spotify. You can find photos and documents from the investigation in our special episode guide here. Subscribers to The Washington Post can get early access to episodes of the series on Apple Podcasts, as well as ad-free listening. Link your Post subscription now or sign up to become a new Post subscriber here.

Operation Urgent Fury – Die US-amerikanische Invasion von Grenada 1983. Teil 2: Die Regierung von Maurice Bishop. Es berichtet der Schriftsteller Ludwig Laher - Sendung vom 31.10.2023

It's Hump Day! Emma speaks with Sophia Moccio and Aaron Habrack, ICU nurses at the Robert Wood Johnson (RWJ) hospital in New Brunswick, New Jersey, to discuss the recent developments in their strike, which has lasted over 75 days. Then, Emma is joined by Bhaskar Sunkara, president of The Nation, to discuss his recent piece in The Guardian on the 40th anniversary of the coup in Grenada. First, Emma runs through updates on Israel's bombarding of a blockaded Gaza, the UN Secretary General's calls for a ceasefire, DeSantis' crackdown on pro-Palestine action, and the potential speakership of Mike Johnson. Sophia Moccio and Aaron Habrack then join, first reflecting on the 83 days that they and the other RWJ Nurses have been on strike and the severe backlash that they've faced at the hands of RWJ management, before stepping back to assess the conditions that pushed the nurses to this point, with a particular focus on the over-working and under-staffing that led to poor patient care. After looking at the massive role RWJ plays within both New Brunswick and New Jersey writ large, Sophia and Habrack tackle the legislative reform they're hoping New Jersey will institute, and how we – on the outside – can help. Bhaskar Sunkara then jumps right into the forgotten story of the only successful socialist revolution in the anglophone world – that of Grenada – and what we can learn from its memory 40 years after a US invasion crushed it. After briefly exploring the role that socialist internationalism – particularly with Cuba – played in bolstering this revolution (and the US' opposition to it), Bhaskar steps back to walk Emma through the conditions of the absurd and corrupt rule of Eric Gairy that primed the radicalizing afro-Caribbean population for revolution, exploring how some 50 people drew on popular support to overthrow a regime of thousands. Next, Sunkara and Emma run through the overwhelming and immediate success of the socialist policies under Maurice Bishop, as well as the incredible effort it took from an incredibly small movement, before wrapping up with the eventual decline of Bishop's regime and the Regan-backed overthrow of his party after four short years in power. And in the Fun Half: Emma discusses the Peter Thiel–SBF origin connections, explores Eric Toller and the NYT's visual investigation into Israel's role in the bombing of al-Ahli Arab Hospital, and why such reporting is so important. Sandy from Ontario expands on yesterday's discussion about the ostracization and marginalization of Sarah Jamma from Canadian politics, the Speakership of anti-gay, anti-choice, and election-denying bigot Mike Johnson, and the GOP's continuing attack on Social Security. Yosef from Israel on his appreciation for MR's Reporting (and a small piece of context), and Barnaby Raine touches on the UK's anti-Semitic panic, plus, your calls and IMs! Find out more about the RWJ nurses strike here: https://jacobin.com/2023/10/robert-wood-johnson-hospital-nurses-strike-new-jersey-short-staffing https://linktr.ee/rwjnursesunited Check out Bhaskar's piece here: https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2023/oct/25/the-us-invaded-the-island-of-grenada-40-years-ago-the-legacy-of-revolution-lives-on Become a member at JoinTheMajorityReport.com: https://fans.fm/majority/join Subscribe to the ESVN YouTube channel here: https://www.youtube.com/esvnshow Subscribe to the AMQuickie newsletter here: https://am-quickie.ghost.io/ Join the Majority Report Discord! http://majoritydiscord.com/ Get all your MR merch at our store: https://shop.majorityreportradio.com/ Get the free Majority Report App!: http://majority.fm/app Check out today's sponsors: LiquidIV: Grab your Liquid I.V. Hydration Multiplier Sugar-Free in bulk nationwide at Costco or you can get 20% off when you go to https://liquidiv.com and use code MAJORITYREP at checkout. That's 20% off ANYTHING you order when you shop better hydration today using promo code MAJORITYREP at https://liquidiv.com. Follow the Majority Report crew on Twitter: @SamSeder @EmmaVigeland @MattBinder @MattLech @BF1nn @BradKAlsop Check out Matt's show, Left Reckoning, on Youtube, and subscribe on Patreon! https://www.patreon.com/leftreckoning Subscribe to Brandon's show The Discourse on Patreon! https://www.patreon.com/ExpandTheDiscourse Subscribe to Discourse Blog, a newsletter and website for progressive essays and related fun partly run by AM Quickie writer Jack Crosbie. https://discourseblog.com/ Check out Matt Binder's YouTube channel: https://www.youtube.com/mattbinder Check out Ava Raiza's music here! https://avaraiza.bandcamp.com/ The Majority Report with Sam Seder - https://majorityreportradio.com/  

A mystery has haunted a Caribbean nation for 40 years, What happened to the body of Prime Minister Maurice Bishop?  Guest: Martine Powers, Podcast Host for the Washington Post's "The Empty Grave of Comrade Bishop" Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Maurice Bishop was a charismatic leader who captured the imagination of many Grenadians. But the revolution he helped spark began to buckle under pressure within his own party. Martine Powers tries to understand the life of Bishop and what propelled him into the position of prime minister, the promise of the beginning of the revolution and the events that led to his brutal death. That history reveals why the mystery of the missing remains haunts Grenada to this day. Martine speaks with Bishop's sister, his fellow revolutionaries and the family members of some of the other victims killed on Oct. 19, 1983. They tell harrowing stories of having their own lives endangered, the last moments they saw their loved ones alive and what it's been like to not be able to give them a proper funeral. You can find photos and documents from the investigation in our special episode guide here [http://washingtonpost.com/emptygrave?utm_source=podcasts&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=the-empty-grave-of-comrade-bishop].Subscribers to The Washington Post can get early access to the rest of the series, on Mondays, on Apple Podcasts, as well as ad-free listening. Link your Post subscription now or sign up to become a new Post subscriber here.

Every 19th of October, Grenadians mark a somber anniversary: the 1983 execution of the country's former prime minister and revolutionary leader, Maurice Bishop, and others who died alongside him. The people of this Caribbean nation still have no closure 40 years later. The remains of Bishop and his supporters were never returned to their family members and are missing to this day. In the first episode of “The Empty Grave of Comrade Bishop,” The Washington Post's Martine Powers takes us on the personal journey that led her to learn about Grenada's history. Martine delves into why Bishop was such an influential figure, what made the United States nervous about him and why the mystery of his missing remains continues to haunt so many on the island. You can find photos and documents from the investigation in our special episode guide here [http://washingtonpost.com/emptygrave?utm_source=podcasts&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=the-empty-grave-of-comrade-bishop].Subscribers to The Washington Post can get early access to episodes 3-6 of the series on Apple Podcasts, as well as ad-free listening. Link your Post subscription now or sign up to become a new Post subscriber here.

Grenada's Black revolutionary leader, Maurice Bishop, was executed in a coup in 1983, along with seven others. The whereabouts of their remains are unknown. Now, The Washington Post's Martine Powers uncovers new answers about how the U.S. fits into this 40-year-old Caribbean mystery.“The Empty Grave of Comrade Bishop” is an investigative podcast that delves into the revolutionary history of Grenada, why the missing remains still matter and the role the U.S. government played in shaping the fate of the island nation. Listen and follow the show here.

All The News & Knowledge You Need To Get You Through Your October 19, 2023. It's Thriving Thursday! . On This Day – Dr. Johnnetta Cole; Peter Tosh; Martin Luther King Jr. Library & Archives; Maurice Bishop; . News From UNN - www.myunn.net . All Episodes of This Is The G Podcast Are At: www.castropolis.net . #castropolispodcastnetwork #ThrivingThursday #blackhistory #news #blackpodcast #podcast #DailyPodcast #atlantapodcast #McDonoughGa #JohnettaCole #PeterTosh #MauriceBishop #MLKLibraryAndArchives #Israel #Palestine #Gaza #dailypodcast #Volunteerism

Grenada's Black revolutionary leader, Maurice Bishop, was executed in a coup in 1983, along with seven others. The whereabouts of their remains are unknown. Now, The Washington Post's Martine Powers uncovers new answers about how the U.S. fits into this 40-year-old Caribbean mystery.“The Empty Grave of Comrade Bishop” is an investigative podcast that delves into the revolutionary history of Grenada, why the missing remains still matter and the role the U.S. government played in shaping the fate of the island nation. Listen and follow the show here.

Grenada's Black revolutionary leader, Maurice Bishop, was executed in a coup in 1983, along with seven others. The whereabouts of their remains are unknown. Now, The Washington Post's Martine Powers uncovers new answers about how the U.S. fits into this 40-year-old Caribbean mystery.“The Empty Grave of Comrade Bishop” is an investigative podcast that delves into the revolutionary history of Grenada, why the missing remains still matter and the role the U.S. government played in shaping the fate of the island nation. Listen and follow the show here.

Grenada's Black revolutionary leader, Maurice Bishop, was executed in a coup in 1983, along with seven others. The whereabouts of their remains are unknown. Now, The Washington Post's Martine Powers uncovers new answers about how the U.S. fits into this 40-year-old Caribbean mystery.“The Empty Grave of Comrade Bishop” is an investigative podcast that delves into the revolutionary history of Grenada, why the missing remains still matter and the role the U.S. government played in shaping the fate of the island nation. Listen and follow the show here.

Grenada's Black revolutionary leader, Maurice Bishop, was executed in a coup in 1983, along with seven others. The whereabouts of their remains are unknown. Now, The Washington Post's Martine Powers uncovers new answers about how the U.S. fits into this 40-year-old Caribbean mystery.“The Empty Grave of Comrade Bishop” is an investigative podcast that delves into the revolutionary history of Grenada, why the missing remains still matter and the role the U.S. government played in shaping the fate of the island nation. Listen and follow the show here.

Grenada's Black revolutionary leader, Maurice Bishop, was executed in a coup in 1983, along with seven others. The whereabouts of their remains are unknown. Now, The Washington Post's Martine Powers uncovers new answers about how the U.S. fits into this 40-year-old Caribbean mystery.“The Empty Grave of Comrade Bishop” is an investigative podcast that delves into the revolutionary history of Grenada, why the missing remains still matter and the role the U.S. government played in shaping the fate of the island nation. Listen and follow the show here.

Grenada's Black revolutionary leader, Maurice Bishop, was executed in a coup in 1983, along with seven others. The whereabouts of their remains are unknown. Now, The Washington Post's Martine Powers uncovers new answers about how the U.S. fits into this 40-year-old Caribbean mystery.“The Empty Grave of Comrade Bishop” is an investigative podcast that delves into the revolutionary history of Grenada, why the missing remains still matter and the role the U.S. government played in shaping the fate of the island nation. Listen and follow the show here.

Grenada's Black revolutionary leader, Maurice Bishop, was executed in a coup in 1983, along with seven others. The whereabouts of their remains are unknown. Now, The Washington Post's Martine Powers uncovers new answers about how the U.S. fits into this 40-year-old Caribbean mystery.“The Empty Grave of Comrade Bishop” is an investigative podcast that delves into the revolutionary history of Grenada, why the missing remains still matter and the role the U.S. government played in shaping the fate of the island nation.Listen and follow the series here.

Grenada's Black revolutionary leader, Maurice Bishop, was executed in a coup in 1983, along with seven others. The whereabouts of their remains are unknown. Now, The Washington Post's Martine Powers uncovers new answers about how the U.S. fits into this 40-year-old Caribbean mystery.“The Empty Grave of Comrade Bishop” is an investigative podcast that delves into the revolutionary history of Grenada, why the missing remains still matter and the role the U.S. government played in shaping the fate of the island nation. Listen and follow the show here.

Grenada's Black revolutionary leader, Maurice Bishop, was executed in a coup in 1983, along with seven others. The whereabouts of their remains are unknown. Now, The Washington Post's Martine Powers uncovers new answers about how the U.S. fits into this 40-year-old Caribbean mystery.“The Empty Grave of Comrade Bishop” is an investigative podcast that delves into the revolutionary history of Grenada, why the missing remains still matter and the role the U.S. government played in shaping the fate of the island nation. Listen and follow the series here.

Grenada's Black revolutionary leader, Maurice Bishop, was executed in a coup in 1983, along with seven others. The whereabouts of their remains are unknown. Now, The Washington Post's Martine Powers uncovers new answers about how the U.S. fits into this 40-year-old Caribbean mystery.“The Empty Grave of Comrade Bishop” is an investigative podcast that delves into the revolutionary history of Grenada, why the missing remains still matter and the role the U.S. government played in shaping the fate of the island nation.

Prof. Renaldo McKenzie delivered a powerful final Lecture in Caribbean Thought that was climactic at Jamaica Theological Seminary, exploring Walter Rodney's Struggle for Democracy in Guyana exploring how this struggle for democracy and independence continues even today throughout postcolonial countries of the global south. Rev. McKenzie explained that Walter Rodney, a renowned historian and socialist from Guyana, was not only known for his academic work but also as a political leader. He was an active member of the Working People's Alliance (WPA) and a critic of the authoritarian Forbes Burnham dictatorship. Burnham, though claiming to be socialist, maintained a repressive regime in Guyana and had friendly ties with the United States. He held power through rigged elections and suppression of opposition parties and trade unions. Rodney, aware of the risks, chose to work within Guyana to bring about change. He was assassinated in 1980, drawing international condemnation from figures like Michael Manley, Maurice Bishop, and Fidel Castro. In his essay, written before his death, Rodney analyzed the nature of the Burnham dictatorship, exposing its corruption, incompetence, and tactics for consolidating power. He criticized the regime's personality cult and its attempts to appear as a democracy while suppressing fundamental rights. Renaldo raised and expounded on questions that Mr. Rodney seem to be answering in his Essay via Jacobin magazine: 1. Question: How can the working class challenge the Burnham dictatorship and assert its power? 2. Question: What is the significance of civil disobedience and non-cooperation in the struggle for liberation? 3. Question: How can national unity be achieved in Guyana, given its diverse racial and class divisions? 4. Question: What is the alternative to the Burnham dictatorship, and how can the people reclaim their rights and restore democracy? 5. Question: How can resistance be sustained against the violence and intimidation of the dictatorship? Prof. McKenzie concluded this section of the Lecture with a summary, "Rodney's essay explores essential questions related to working-class power, national unity, and the path towards liberation in Guyana. His answers highlight the historical lessons of collective labor actions, civil disobedience, and the need for a government of national unity as a clear alternative to the oppressive dictatorship. He calls for a united and determined effort to reclaim democracy and build a just and equitable society for all Guyanese." Part 2 of the Lecture: Afro-Caribbean Beliefs: Prof. McKenzie then shifts gears to explore Afro-Caribbean Beliefs in Jamaica and to discuss a study that the class will be embarking on to ascertain how Caribbean people's attitudes towards their Afro-Caribbean Beliefs are changing. Rev. McKenzie discussed Afro Caribbean Beliefs especially those in Jamaica: According to Rev. McKenzie, "in Jamaica, there has historically been a negative perception towards African and indigenous spiritual practices, religious beliefs, customs, and faiths that draw influences from Urban Indian Heritage or African traditions. Rastafarianism, Obeah, Voodoo, Pocomania or pocco church, revivalists, and Muslim beliefs have often been marginalized, deemed as fringe, demonic, and unpopular, juxtaposed against the inherited traditions from European colonialism. The Judeo-Christian faith, such as Roman Catholicism, Protestantism, and evangelicalism, has been favored and considered closer to the truth and the ideal. However, in the 21st century, with increased exposure, awareness, critical thinking, and a more liberal lifestyle, particularly among the younger generation, it is crucial to investigate whether attitudes towards Afro-Caribbean beliefs are changing. Listen to the full Lecture in Audio Podcast on any stream or watch on our Spotify or YouTube Prof. McKenzie is Author of Neoliberalism and the upcoming book on Neo-Capitalism. Visit us Https://theneoliberal.com --- Send in a voice message: https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/theneoliberal/message Support this podcast: https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/theneoliberal/support

Kate Adie introduces correspondents' and writers' despatches from Lebanon and Jordan, Ukraine's battle fronts, the Caribbean island of Grenada, the BBC's bureaux abroad and the streets of the South Bronx in New York City. Captagon is a small, amphetamine-like pill which has become one of the most popular illegal drugs in the Middle East. There is increasing evidence that large amounts of it are being manufactured inside Syria in collusion with allies of the ruling Assad family - then brought out into neighbouring Lebanon and Jordan by Bedouin smugglers. Emir Nader joined the soldiers and lawmen trying to choke off the drug supply routes. Despite the Wagner Group's apparent mutiny last weekend, Russia's war in Ukraine has not stopped - or even abated. Along the front line, Andrew Harding saw how Ukrainian soldiers and medics are continuing their fight, eavesdropping on Russian troops, and treating the wounded. It's been nearly 40 years since the US invasion of Grenada - triggered by a chaotic power struggle within the island's avowedly Marxist-Leninist New Jewel Movement. On Grenada's "Bloody Wednesday" 1983, there were more than a dozen firing-squad executions - and there are still enduring questions about the events. Mark Stratton asked why some of the bodies are still missing - including that of the island's widely admired leader Maurice Bishop. Simon Wilson has worked abroad for the BBC for more than twenty years, in some of its most prestigious bureaux, including Jerusalem, Brussels and Washington DC. But his foreign news career started out in much less promising conditions - at the notoriously dismal office in Bonn. He pulls back the curtain on some of the more unexpected features of the BBC's premises overseas. And in the South Bronx, there are signs of creeping gentrification on what used to be some of New York City's meanest streets. Not everyone is a fan of the changes, though. Writer and broadcaster Lindsay Johns has been exploring today's cultural scene in the Boogie Down - including a thriving Black-owned bookshop. Producer: Polly Hope Editor: Richard Vadon Production Co-ordinator: Helena Warwick-Cross

In 1979, Maurice Bishop and the New J.E.W.E.L. Movement (NJM) came to power, in the spirit of the Cuban and Haitian revolutions, against an authoritarian neocolonial puppet and promised to end illiteracy, poverty, and the colonial condition of Grenada as a site of former enslavement and ongoing extraction. 4 years later (and 40 years past from 2023) Bishop was dead, assassinated by members of his own revolutionary government, and Ronald Reagan was authorizing the imperialist invasion of a tiny island that posed no threat to the American Empire. What happened? The story of the Grenadian Revolution is a complicated tale of Vanguards and Masses; a dialectical interplay of the forces that make revolution possible. In looking at the 40th anniversary of the end of the short-lived revolution, we ask how a revolution's flame can burn so bright that even its extinguishing still casts a shadow on the Caribbean today. Our guest is David Austin, the author of the Casa de las Americas Prize-winning Fear of a Black Nation: Race, Sex, and Security in Sixties Montreal, Moving Against the System: The 1968 Congress of Black Writers and the Making of Global Consciousness, and Dread Poetry and Freedom: Linton Kwesi Johnson and the Unfinished Revolution. He is also the editor of You Don't Play with Revolution: The Montreal Lectures of C.L.R. James. Recommended texts: https://drive.google.com/file/d/1kuhDpdu-MOS72_mKntQPUO-EA4mgyNTf/view?usp=sharinghttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7z-AxNFx88o Songs: Bass Culture, Linton Kwesi Johnson; Maurice Bishop Revolution, President Lily Films: Grenada, the Future Coming Towards Us --- Support this podcast: https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/cadre-journal/support

Haiti is the first Black colonized country to get their Independence in 1804 beating the French and Napolean. However, today, they are among the poorest country in the world with an installed government made up of former colonial masters. In fact, as we critical examine Caribbean Independence and mixed realities, Haiti provides an insight into how the Caribbean has remained dependent and vulnerable. Last week, Mr. John A. Castro, A US Presidential Candidate presented on American Politics and today, Mr. Brian Concannon, Executive Director of the Institute for Justice and Democracy in Haiti presents on the Haitian crisis and his agency's work to advocate on behalf of the Haitians for Justice, Democracy and true freedom. If you're familiar with Former President of Haiti, Jean Bertrand Aristide, then you will understand how important Mr. Concannon is when talking about Haiti. Brian, an American lawyer who had been one of those helping Aristide restore democracy and law and order in Haiti back in 2001-2004 before he was kidnapped. Mr. Concannon continues to work with Haiti and several agencies with the issue of restitution and repaying the debt that Haiti had paid. He provides an update on the case, Former President Aristide and current issues in Haiti including, deportation, the PHTK installed gvernment, CARICOM and the question of intervention by force which the US, Canada and other governing countries were calling for. The class included several students from The Jamaica Theological Seminary. Is there a Caribbean Identity today in terms of tomorrow? The developing world discovers itself and speaks to itself through this voice (outwit). We know it is not a uniform world. On Sunday October 19th 1983, Maurice Bishop, Former prime Minister of revolutionary Grenada was killed, alongside some of his comrades. At the other end of the soviet-automatic rifles were soldiers of the People's Revolutionary Army, of which Bishop only days before had been the respected commander in chief. Days later on October 24, 1983, the United States (Navy SEALS) invaded Grenada… and following the bitter battle after three days, the PRA was defeated; this event marked the first Marxist regime in the anglophone Caribbean to take power insurrection. Long before the symbolic collapse of the Berlin Wall, the invasion of Panama to purportedly capture its President Noriega, and the Iraqi Conflict, the collapse of the Grenada Revolution and the US invasion marked the end of a particular variety of Caribbean Marxism and the demise of an entire notion of sovereignty and non-alignment (The Nation). Prior to this Jamaica itself struggled with carving out a future for itself based on its own sense of the nation and sovereignty and fought for political and economic independence by aligning itself with Cuba and the soviets. However, this was largely unsuccessful as Jamaica endured one of the darkest internal political strife as political leaders and their parties battled each other in the streets leading to a chronic crime problem that continues to plague Jamaica today. While the US invaded Grenada militaristically; Jamaica's invasion was political and economic where the Americans provided financial benefits to one side who agreed to sell out Jamaica's nationhood for economic gains that were promised albeit within the scope of what was at stake. European/American penetration in the world was either economic, financial or military means, where they propped up a few so as to quell any insurgency towards their ideology. Haiti provides another case study. Creator/Host: Rev. Renaldo McKenzie, Adjunct Lecturer for the Course Caribbean Thought and Author of Neoliberalism, Globalization, Income Inequality, Poverty and Resistance. Content Creator The Neoliberal Corporation and The Neoliberal. Support us: https://anchor.fm/theneoliberal --- Send in a voice message: https://anchor.fm/theneoliberal/message Support this podcast: https://anchor.fm/theneoliberal/support

Question: I currently reside in the US as a Naturalized US Citizen, from Jamaica. Would I be considered a First Generation American? Activity: Come up with one or two sentences that define/s Jamaica in relation to Caribbean. Learning Objectives: 1. To critically formulate and present a concept of the Caribbean in relation to its position in history which has given rise to its present reality. 2. To begin to trace Caribbean Thinking through its process of coming to be, moving beyond Independence and the tensions between competing political thought in Jamaica – capitalism and socialism. 3. To begin to develop a critical and academic frame within which to provide commentary and contributions on current issues of society and identifying media that facilitate these expressions. This lecture aims to facilitate an interdisciplinary approach to the understanding of Jamaica in relation to the Caribbean, one where the internal and personal interacts with the external. Like Keith and Keith, they agreed that Jamaica has suffered under colonialism. Yet, they contended for a picture of Jamaica that was independent of its socio-economic position and experience. Maybe as a way to forget the reality of its vulnerabilities so as to boast about something else that gives pride and joy. Indeed, although at first the students struggle to come with an original concept of Caribbean for themselves, they still sourced and provided a definition that gave them great pride about Jamaica – its size, its influence and popularity as a leading island in terms of its worldwide appeal and fame from Bob Marley, Merlene Ottey, Usain Bolt and Jerk Chicken. Nevertheless, the consensus was that Jamaica is still a society divided along class lines. This was important as one student pointed out that his movement from one class to the next and from the rural to the urban has adjusted his experience and his ideas about Jamaica, which changed his perspectives. This supports what Norman Girvan had written in his “Reinterpretation of the Caribbean” in “The Caribbean Reader,” indicating that to define Caribbean is a matter of context and perspective. The Caribbean Reader begin their perspectives on the Caribbean in Grenada, in 1983 when Maurice Bishop and his People's Revolutionary Army met their demise. This was juxtaposed with the invasion or penetration of the US by their Navy Seals who provided the support that sought the local conflicts among the peoples that crushed the nationalist and democratic socialist intentions of the nationalists. Keith & Keith, Dale Johnson all scholars of the postcolonial write in their projects how the US penetrated the Caribbean through their various machineries. To promote US style ideologies. This was not free of local assistance who were opportunists hoping to cash in as elites or representative/house slaves in the local. Like Europe's strategy of trickery, making the same deals with all the African tribes which created further chaos in Africa which led to its plunder and domination, the penetration by supporting a few created a local tug-of-war. That was evident between the Manley and Seaga governments of the 1980s, which defined Jamaica. Nevertheless, the students agreed at the end that Jamaica has been given tremendous opportunities and investments. But has squandered it through nepotism, connectionism and corruption. The students alluded to their own experiences, associations, studies showing Jamaica's corruption index, the NIA & Dr. Trevor Monroe, UK report on Jamaica being on UK crooked politician Radar as evident to support their conclusion that the country has mismanaged its investments and resources. In the end we concluded that we are not a human race in the sense that we are racing against each other. But if we think in terms of race, then the reality of the Caribbean and the black position within that racial thinking suggest that we lost the race of time. https://theneoliberal.com. --- Send in a voice message: https://anchor.fm/theneoliberal/message Support this podcast: https://anchor.fm/theneoliberal/support

Episode 141 is a rare live episode! It is the  the first in a three-part series of episodes on the JFK Records Act featuring two expert lawyers  Andrew Iler and Mark Adamczyk who take us through the legal maze. We'll   explore the history of some of the withheld records and elements of the JFK Records Act that have impact on the continuing disclosure challenges  related to official records within the collection.Let us know what you like about the podcast or just provide us with comments on the episode via email at podcastjfk@gmail.com or get active in our blog for each episode at www.podcastjfk.com   Either way, keep listening, and join us for the whole series of episodes about the fantastic goings-on that encompass this part of the JFK story. We will return in episode 144 to our regular programming, after these three live episodes on the JFK Records Act. Join us we continue to enter the unknown with evidence that is complex, incomplete and sometimes conflicting. Even as early as 1964, rumors and serious concerns over  the lone gunman theory and the evidence that might contravene it,  were becoming a major concern for the government and the commission. Conspiracy theories were contrary to the government's stated narrative from the very beginning. Stay tuned as there are many more episodes to come!This series comprehensively explores the major facts,  themes, and  events leading up to the assassination in Dealey Plaza and the equally gripping stories surrounding the subsequent investigation. We  review  key elements of the Warren Commission Report , and the role of the CIA and FBI. We explore the  possible involvement of the Mafia in the murder and the review of that topic by the government's House Select Committee on Assassinations in the 1970's. We explore the Jim Garrison investigation and the work of other key figures such as Mark Lane and others. Learn more about Lee Harvey Oswald the suspected killer and Jack Ruby the distraught Dallas night club owner with underworld ties and the man that killed Oswald as a national TV audience was watching.  Stay with us as we take you through the facts and theories in bite sized discussions that are designed to educate, and inform as well as entertain the audience. This  real life story is more fascinating than fiction. No matter whether you are a serious researcher or a casual student, you will enjoy the fact filled narrative and story as  we relive one of the most shocking moments in American History. An event that changed the nation and changed the world forever.

Mike Taber has edited and prepared a number of books related to the history of revolutionary and working-class movements—from collections of documents of the Communist International under Lenin to works by James P. Cannon, Leon Trotsky, Malcolm X, Che Guevara, Fidel Castro, Maurice Bishop, and Nelson Mandela. His book Under the Socialist Banner is a collection of the resolutions of the Second International from 1889 to 1912. 

Episode 107  is the eighth  episode in season two of JFK The Enduring Secret.  In Episode 107, we stop to take a pause and revisit the entire timeline of the Life of Lee Harvey Oswald.  Our season two starts with the story that is Lee Harvey Oswald, the central character in the JFK assassination and some say, to know Oswald, is  key to  determining whether he truly was the lone gunman or whether he was part of a conspiracy, or whether he was just a patsy.  And to better understand Oswald, we begin to get closer to the answer of who really killed JFK. Because there are many episodes on Oswald and they are presented in various ways, the timeline is important and provides appropriate reference to the listener before we get too far into the story of Lee Harvey Oswald.  It's a bit of a wande,r but its worth going  on this wander. Episode 107 is the complete timeline and there will be a series of published episodes after 107 is published that are "clips" or portions of  episode 107 that  explain the timeline for each of the various "seasons" in Oswald's life.  Join us for the whole series of episodes about the fantastic goings on that encompass this part of the JFK story.  Our episodes have now begun  to explore  an array of matters that  dive into a deeper  darkness  related to what  went on that day in Dallas and in the  period before and after the assassination.  Matters   that possibly point  to a  wider  and more sinister  plot to kill the president and  that clearly call into question the theory that there was a  lone assassin.   Complex cases without  an eyewitness that can actually identify the shooter make the forensic and circumstantial evidence that much more important.  Ironically, problems abound with much of the evidence in this case. Evidence that is complex, incomplete and sometimes conflicting. Even as early as 1964, rumors and serious concerns over  the lone gunman theory and the evidence that might contravene it,  were becoming a major concern for the government and the commission. Conspiracy theories were contrary to the government's stated narrative from the very beginning. Stay tuned as there are many more episodes to come!This series comprehensively explores the major facts,  themes, and  events leading up to the assassination in Dealey Plaza and the equally gripping stories surrounding the subsequent investigation. We  review  key elements of the Warren Commission Report , and the role of the CIA and FBI. We explore the  possible involvement of the Mafia in the murder and the review of that topic by the government's House Select Committee on Assassinations in the 1970's. We explore the Jim Garrison investigation and the work of other key figures such as Mark Lane and others. Learn more about Lee Harvey Oswald the suspected killer and Jack Ruby the distraught Dallas night club owner with underworld ties and the man that killed Oswald as a national TV audience was watching.  Stay with us as we take you through the facts and theories in bite sized discussions that are designed to educate, and inform as well as entertain the audience. This  real life story is more fascinating than fiction. No matter whether you are a serious researcher or a casual student, you will enjoy the fact filled narrative and story as  we relive one of the most shocking moments in American History. An event that changed the nation and changed the world forever.

Episode 106  is the seventh  episode in season two of JFK The Enduring Secret.  We begin our wander this season with an in depth review of Lee Harvey Oswald, the principal character in the JFK assassination   Episode 106 is a story tell and focuses on  the first few days of Oswald's  travel and arrival in Minsk where he was sent by the Russian authorities after his suicide attempt in Moscow.  Join us for the whole series of episodes about the fantastic goings on that encompass this part of the JFK story.   Our episodes have now begun  to explore  an array of matters that  dive into a deeper  darkness  related to what  went on that day in Dallas and in the  period before and after the assassination.  Matters   that possibly point  to a  wider  and more sinister  plot to kill the president and  that clearly call into question the theory that there was a  lone assassin.   Complex cases without  an eyewitness that can actually identify the shooter make the forensic and circumstantial evidence that much more important.  Ironically, problems abound with much of the evidence in this case. Evidence that is complex, incomplete and sometimes conflicting. Even as early as 1964, rumors and serious concerns over  the lone gunman theory and the evidence that might contravene it,  were becoming a major concern for the government and the commission. Conspiracy theories were contrary to the government's stated narrative from the very beginning. Stay tuned as there are many more episodes to come!This series comprehensively explores the major facts,  themes, and  events leading up to the assassination in Dealey Plaza and the equally gripping stories surrounding the subsequent investigation. We  review  key elements of the Warren Commission Report , and the role of the CIA and FBI. We explore the  possible involvement of the Mafia in the murder and the review of that topic by the government's House Select Committee on Assassinations in the 1970's. We explore the Jim Garrison investigation and the work of other key figures such as Mark Lane and others. Learn more about Lee Harvey Oswald the suspected killer and Jack Ruby the distraught Dallas night club owner with underworld ties and the man that killed Oswald as a national TV audience was watching.  Stay with us as we take you through the facts and theories in bite sized discussions that are designed to educate, and inform as well as entertain the audience. This  real life story is more fascinating than fiction. No matter whether you are a serious researcher or a casual student, you will enjoy the fact filled narrative and story as  we relive one of the most shocking moments in American History. An event that changed the nation and changed the world forever.

Episode 100   is the first episode in season two of JFK The Enduring Secret.  We begin our wander this season with an in depth review of Lee Harvey Oswald, the principal character in the JFK assassination from the government's point of view.  Instead of starting  with the early years,  we begin our understanding of  the accused assassin  by listening to the only extended recording of Oswald that exists.  Some three months before the assassination, Oswald was involved in a scuffle after handing out  leaflets  on a street corner in New Orleans. Leaflets that were  in support of the Fair Play for Community Committee a pro Castro organization. That incident led to an opportunity just about a week later to participate in two different radio interviews conducted by New Orleans radio station WDSU.  Episode 100 covers the background and the show which aired on April 17th, 1963 and episode 101 covers the second show which aired a few days later on August 21st.   Join us for the whole series of episodes about the fantastic goings on that encompass this part of the JFK story.   Our episodes have now begun  to explore  an array of matters that  dive into a deeper  darkness  related to what  went on that day in Dallas and in the  period before and after the assassination.  Matters   that possibly point  to a  wider  and more sinister  plot to kill the president and  that clearly call into question the theory that there was a  lone assassin.   Complex cases without  an eyewitness that can actually identify the shooter make the forensic and circumstantial evidence that much more important.  Ironically, problems abound with much of the evidence in this case. Evidence that is complex, incomplete and sometimes conflicting. Even as early as 1964, rumors and serious concerns over  the lone gunman theory and the evidence that might contravene it,  were becoming a major concern for the government and the commission. Conspiracy theories were contrary to the government's stated narrative from the very beginning. Stay tuned as there are many more episodes to come!This series comprehensively explores the major facts,  themes, and  events leading up to the assassination in Dealey Plaza and the equally gripping stories surrounding the subsequent investigation. We  review  key elements of the Warren Commission Report , and the role of the CIA and FBI. We explore the  possible involvement of the Mafia in the murder and the review of that topic by the government's House Select Committee on Assassinations in the 1970's. We explore the Jim Garrison investigation and the work of other key figures such as Mark Lane and others. Learn more about Lee Harvey Oswald the suspected killer and Jack Ruby the distraught Dallas night club owner with underworld ties and the man that killed Oswald as a national TV audience was watching.  Stay with us as we take you through the facts and theories in bite sized discussions that are designed to educate, and inform as well as entertain the audience. This  real life story is more fascinating than fiction. No matter whether you are a serious researcher or a casual student, you will enjoy the fact filled narrative and story as  we relive one of the most shocking moments in American History. An event that changed the nation and changed the world forever.

Episode 101   is the second episode in season two of JFK The Enduring Secret.  We begin our wander this season with an in depth review of Lee Harvey Oswald, the principal character in the JFK assassination from the government's point of view.  Instead of starting  with the early years,  we begin our understanding of  the accused assassin  by listening to the only extended recording of Oswald that exists.  Some three months before the assassination, Oswald was involved in a scuffle after handing out  leaflets  on a street corner in New Orleans. Leaflets that were  in support of the Fair Play for Community Committee a pro Castro organization. That incident led to an opportunity just about a week later to participate in two different radio interviews conducted by New Orleans radio station WDSU.  Episode 100 covers the background and the show which aired on April 17th, 1963 and episode 101 covers the second show which aired a few days later on August 21st.   Join us for the whole series of episodes about the fantastic goings on that encompass this part of the JFK story.   Our episodes have now begun  to explore  an array of matters that  dive into a deeper  darkness  related to what  went on that day in Dallas and in the  period before and after the assassination.  Matters   that possibly point  to a  wider  and more sinister  plot to kill the president and  that clearly call into question the theory that there was a  lone assassin.   Complex cases without  an eyewitness that can actually identify the shooter make the forensic and circumstantial evidence that much more important.  Ironically, problems abound with much of the evidence in this case. Evidence that is complex, incomplete and sometimes conflicting. Even as early as 1964, rumors and serious concerns over  the lone gunman theory and the evidence that might contravene it,  were becoming a major concern for the government and the commission. Conspiracy theories were contrary to the government's stated narrative from the very beginning. Stay tuned as there are many more episodes to come!This series comprehensively explores the major facts,  themes, and  events leading up to the assassination in Dealey Plaza and the equally gripping stories surrounding the subsequent investigation. We  review  key elements of the Warren Commission Report , and the role of the CIA and FBI. We explore the  possible involvement of the Mafia in the murder and the review of that topic by the government's House Select Committee on Assassinations in the 1970's. We explore the Jim Garrison investigation and the work of other key figures such as Mark Lane and others. Learn more about Lee Harvey Oswald the suspected killer and Jack Ruby the distraught Dallas night club owner with underworld ties and the man that killed Oswald as a national TV audience was watching.  Stay with us as we take you through the facts and theories in bite sized discussions that are designed to educate, and inform as well as entertain the audience. This  real life story is more fascinating than fiction. No matter whether you are a serious researcher or a casual student, you will enjoy the fact filled narrative and story as  we relive one of the most shocking moments in American History. An event that changed the nation and changed the world forever.

On March 10, 1979, according to all persons who were personally involved in the documentation of the revolution, the New Jewel Movement leadership got word through their informats at senior levels of the police force, that orders were left for the arrest and assassination of the leading members of the political party i.e - Maurice Bishop, Bernard Coard, Unison Whiteman and Hudson Austin. Thus, all leadership members would go into hiding immediately except for Vincent Noel who did not receive the information in time and was arrested and detained. Then on March 12, when Gairy departed the island on government business to attend a function in New York, he allegedly left orders for the capture and murder of the NJM leadership. Through a pattern of behaviour, NJM leadership knew that if they wanted to live to see another day, they would have to act urgently - they had to move soon and not just soon, they had to move tonight. In one night, Tuesday, March 13, 1979, a group of young persons would attempt an event that has never happen in Caribbean history: a successful revolution in the English - speaking Caribbean. For additional reading information on this episode and to view our transcript for this episode, visit our website at: https://www.tenementyaadmedia.com/ Don't forget to follow us on our social media Twitter: https://twitter.com/tenementyaad_?lan Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/tenementyaad_/?hl=en Join our Patreon here Want to support The Yaad monetary? Click here to make a donation --- Send in a voice message: https://anchor.fm/lestweforget/message Support this podcast: https://anchor.fm/lestweforget/support

Content Warning: This episode contains mentions of police brutality As Sir Eric Gairy's tenure as head of government continued throughout the 1970's, the country was on the brink of economic and social collapse. After Bloody Sunday and Bloody Monday occurred, two of the most brutal cases of police brutality in Caribbean history, Eric Gairy was beginning to face opposition from all sides. However of all the oppositions that formed, one stood out: an organised group of young professionals who called themselves the New Jewel Movement. The New Joint Endeavor for Welfare, Education, and Liberation was founded in 1973 and born out of two organisations: MAPS, Movement for Assembly of the People, founded by UK trained attorneys, Maurice Bishop and Kenrick Radix; and JEWEL, Joint Endeavor for Welfare, Education, and Liberation founded by US educated economist Unison Whiteman and Sebastian Thomas. By the mid 1970's, the Marxist Leninist political party was now headed by a group of leftist young professionals: Maurice Bishop, Bernard Coard, Unison Whiteman, Kenrick Radix, Vincent Noel, Hudson Austin, George Lousion, Selwyn Strachan and Jacqueline Creft. With a national grassroots approach to political organising, NJM would attract the support of the poor, youth, women and members of the Rastafari community in Grenada; and by 1977, would position themselves as the main opposition party on the island. For additional reading information on this episode and to view our transcript for this episode, visit our website at: https://www.tenementyaadmedia.com/ Don't forget to follow us on our social media Twitter: https://twitter.com/tenementyaad_?lan Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/tenementyaad_/?hl=en Join our Patreon here Want to support The Yaad monetary? Click here to make a donation --- Send in a voice message: https://anchor.fm/lestweforget/message Support this podcast: https://anchor.fm/lestweforget/support

A introduction of what to come for the season 4 of the Lest We Forget Historical Podcast. This season will be a seven part series entirely dedicated to Grenadian Revolution as we examine the events, people, causes & consequences that led to the March 1979 overthrow of the Sir Eric Gairy government by the New Jewel Movement. The audio compilation features the voices of Maurice Bishop, Claudette Pitt, Sir Eric Gairy, a rare recording of Cacademo Grant & the first radio broadcast to hit Grenada's airwave on the morning of March 13, 1979 To see previous seasons of this podcast, visit our website at: https://www.tenementyaadmedia.com/ Don't forget to follow us on our social media Twitter: https://twitter.com/tenementyaad_?lan Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/tenementyaad_/?hl=en Join our Patreon here Want to support The Yaad monetary? Click here to make a donation --- Send in a voice message: https://anchor.fm/lestweforget/message Support this podcast: https://anchor.fm/lestweforget/support

In this I go over a few YouTube speeches by Kwame Ture and Maurice Bishop, including some other things that I've went over lately myself, and tried to present that information objectively. I also talked about the need to focus on building true mass peoples organizations rather than simply having multiple, disconnected “movements” with no strategic, or scientific objective. We have very little time left, and very few lives left to give. We need to succeed, and we can't do that if we're doing this all wrong.

In dieser Folge entführen wir euch an einen wirklich traumhaften Ort in den nördlichen Teil der kleinen Antillen in der Karibik: Grenada. Der kleine Inselstaat, der noch heute Teil des Commonwealth of Nations Großbritanniens ist, gerät 1983 im Zeitalter des Kalten Kriegen kurz in den Fokus der Weltöffentlichkeit als die USA unter Beteiligung der damaligen Mitglieder der Organisation Ostkaribischer Staaten im Rahmen der Operation Urgent Fury eine beispiellose Invasion auf Grenada startete. Warum es die USA für notwendig erachteten in einem kleinen Inselstaat mit einer Streitmacht einzumarschieren, wie es zur Operation Urgent Fury kam, wie sie verlaufen ist und welche Folgen sie für die ganze Region hatte, klären wir in dieser Folge von Verzwickte Geschichte. Diese ereignisreiche Zeit besprechen der Regionalwissenschaftler Christoph Halm und der Historiker Dr. Christian Cwik, der selbst lange auf den kleinen Antillen gelebt und geforscht hat. Kapitelmarken 03:20: Grenada: Geografie und Demografie 08:55: Bevölkerungsstruktur 14:59: Grenada im 20. Jahrhundert 22:26: Insel im Fadenkreuz der USA 30:30: Maurice Bishop & das New Jewel Movement 35:43: Revolution & Bernard Coard gegen Maurice Bishop 44:47: US-Invasion: Operation Urgent Fury 50:49: Reaktion Großbritanniens & Erinnerungskultur Quellen: Bob Woodward, VEIL: The Secret Wars of the CIA 1981–1987, 1987 Christian Cwik, Hans-Joachim König und Stefan Rinke: Diktaturen in Lateinamerika im Zeitalter des Kalten Krieges, 2020 Christian Cwik, Grenadas Versuch eines afrokaribischen Entwicklungsprojekts unter Berücksichtigung seiner kolonialen Erfahrungen, 1997, S.183 Sponsor: www.klosterkitchen.com (Mit dem Code morgenroutine bekommt ihr kostenlos 4 Original Shot Gläser zu eurer Bestellung dazu) Redaktion: Janna Gutenberg, Dianne Violeta Mausfeld & Christoph Halm weitere Infos auf: www.verzwickte-geschichte.de Instagram: verzwickte_geschichte Kontakt & Themenvorschläge: info@verzwickte-geschichte.de

When you talk about suceess and deep conviction you have to talk about a dub poet by the name of Yasus Afari. Born "John Sinclair" in a small village in the parish of St. Elizabeth, Jamaica, where life was hard and every day survival was a struggle. His mother was his only inspiration after his bigger brother left home to join the Police Force. He always mentioned how is mother used to pray and encouraged him to work hard so that they could lead a better life. He passed his common Entrance exam and went off to St. Elizabeth Technical High School. He did excell and was a major influence on his peer group. After STETHS he went on to work with the Jamaica Telephone company as a repair Technician but soon find out that there was more to life than climbing telephone poles. He won a scholarship to the College of Arts Science and Technology where a whole new world open up. At college he majored in telecommunications and was a revolutionist against how the system was administered. He participated in all aspect of student life and was a role model for all the students in that era. He was elected Vice president of the Student Council but was denied to serve because of his positive and anti comformative values. This was a major awakening for him and he did some soul searching and that is when he knew he had the calling to do good for the masses. He vowed that he will fight the injustices of the society and bring about conciousness to all the people that would listen to what he has to say. The social and political climate during this time was rough. Maurice Bishop got killed in Genada, Bob had just died, and so much was happening in the political arena that most youths were looking for a concious vibe. Yasus began doing concerts at the local students union, The University of the West Indies at Mona, The Nursing School and Teachers Colleges. The response was like a shock wave and everyone was taking about Toni Taam as he was fondly called then. He did a several shows with then up coming stars as well as established Artistes. His first song was realeased in 1986 during this time Yasus went into a period of meditation and isolation while writing consistently. Yasus began to emerge and by joining partnership with other up coming artist he began to see a light at the end of the tunnel. He met up with Garnet Silk, who was also is childhood friend, and they began to work on a few songs together. On one of his birthday's he was hanging out with Garnet and he wrote the first line of "I can see clearly". Garnet went on to finish the song and also wrote "I saw Zion........." All this led to a tighter relationship with Silk that gave him the inspiration to write "Nothing can divide............" Yasus and Garnet still have unproduced songs laid out on tracks, to be published when the time is right. Things started to look up and Yasus teamed up with Maxi Priest to write "Work" which appeared on his "Dance Hall Baptism" (Senya-Cum/Ras Records). Mental Assasin was done on Tappa Zuki label. He has since then recorded with a whole host of musicians including Everton Blender, Black Uhuru, General Degree, Tony Rebel and more who he has also produced. The achievements go far and wide and he was awarded Dub Poet of the year in 1993 in a controversial decision. At the ceremony the award was given to the well known Mutabaruka. Muta refused to accept this award and made it explictly clear that it should be given to Yasus. Yasus went on to win more awards and was also honored in Chiago by Martin International for Dub Poeb of the year in 1994 and Yasus was honored many times by the Jamaican Music Federation. The list of recognition goes on and Yasus always says it is a great honor to recognized for all his work. Touring with Black Uhuru, Yasus was creating a cultural revolution on a world-wide basis, starting in the US covering 26 States and the Pacific Islands. He was also in Brazil where the fans open heartedly responed to his message. #realtalkianandeian --- Send in a voice message: https://anchor.fm/ianandeian/message

It seems like a forgotten chapter in our history.  The 1983 invasion of Grenada.  It didn't last long and the casualties on the American side were small. 19 troops.  But many more Grenadians perished, many due to an "accidental bombing" of a mental hospital.  Reagan feared that Grenada was becoming another Cuba.  The Marxist leader of Grenada was viewed as a threat to President Reagan.  Maurice Bishop sought socio economic development, stressed education, and of course the liberation of his people from under the foot of Western Colonialism.     So it was AMAZING to have Milton J. Coy, journalist, activist, human rights advocate, and a man that was THERE! He was part of the Revolution, educating his people, and he was also there for the deadly, baseless invasion of 1983.   "There are those ... who believe that you cannot have a democracy unless there is a situation where every five years ... people are allowed to put an "X" next to some candidate's name, and ... they return to being non-people without the right to say anything to their government, without any right to be involved in running their country. ...Elections could be important, but for us the question is one of timing. ...We would much rather see elections come when the economy is more stable, when the Revolution is more consolidated. When more people have in fact had benefits brought to them. When more people are literate ...The right of freedom of expression can really only be relevant if people are not too hungry, or too tired to be able to express themselves. It can only be relevant if appropriate grassroots mechanisms rooted in the people exist, through which the people can effectively participate. ...We talk about the human rights that the majority has never been able to enjoy, ... a job, to decent housing, to a good meal. ...These human rights have been the human rights for a small minority over the years in the Caribbean and the time has come for the majority of the people to begin to receive those human rights for the first time." -Maurice Bishop   Bishop raised the literacy rate, introduced free healthcare, and housing.     You can read more from Milton J. Coy here: https://conceptionnewsnetwork.com/   A great documentary on Grenada: https://youtu.be/7z-AxNFx88o   Thank you guys for taking the time to check this out.  We appreciate you.  If you feel so inclined, and you'd like to help the show grow, become a patron.  We're creating some patron only programing, there's bonus content from many of the shows, and you get..MERCH!   Become a patron https://www.patreon.com/BitterLakePresents   Please like, follow, and subscribe to us on the following platforms (specially YouTube!!)   YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCG9WtLyoP9QU8sxuIfxk3eg   Twitch: https://www.twitch.tv/thisisrevolutionpodcast   Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/Thisisrevolutionpodcast   Twitter: @TIRShowOakland   Instagram: @thisisrevolutionoakland   Medium: https://medium.com/@jasonmyles/vengeance-has-no-foresight-837212d85a97

Mélissa reçoit Diana Retour, coordinatrice et conseillère en création d'entreprise de l'association Coup de pouss située à 188 avenue Maurice Bishop à Sainte-Thérèse, Fort-de-France. Numéro de téléphone : 0696/04/42/99 Adresse mail : coupdepouss@gmail.com

In this episode, I continue with my personal reflections on the inception of my love affair with Diasporic Blackness. I channel the spirit of Zora Neale Hurston and sit firmly in the passenger seat as I am interviewed as a continuation of a 3-part series. Guest Co-Host: Jonathan GloverMusic: Theme Song, Power by Kudo NYC; The Lustful Ones by the Chalalatas; Mandeville Banton by Calisto Young; Wrong Love by Cleo Kelly.Archive Sound: The Late Prime Minister of Grenada, Maurice Bishop via the Freedom Archives.

Maurice Bishop Speaks to U.S. Working People, 5 June 1983, Hunter College, New York City Source  

I think if you're going to talk about racial justice and white supremacy you have to take a look at U.S. Imperialism. In today's episode, Deb and I talk about the U.S.'s 1983 invasion of Grenada, Maurice Bishop's JEWEL Movement, and try to connect the dots between big business, small Caribbean nations and the oppression of people right here at home.    Thanks for listening. Support the show on Patreon where we do a show six days a week. 

On October 12, 1983, Maurice Bishop, prime minster of Grenada and one of the founding leaders of the New Jewel Movement, was placed under house arrest at the orders of Deputy Prime Minister Bernard Coard (Maurice Bishop Speaks, xii-xiii). On October 19, Maurice Bishop and five other central leaders of Grenada's revolutionary government and the New Jewel Movement were murdered, at the orders of Deputy Minister Bernard Coard. On October 25, thousands of U.S. Marines and Army Rangers landed in Grenada to establish a military occupation of the island and brutally reversed the far-reaching advancements that were implemented as a result of the March 13, 1979, revolution. In less than two weeks, the Grenadian worker and farmer government established after the removal of Granada's dictator, Eric Gairy, saw the U.S. military at the command of President Ronald Raegan, invade the island. Notwithstanding this history of oppression, there is a clear history of resistance. The new jewel movement was formed in 1973, as a result of the merger of two organizations that were established the previous year—the Movement for Assemblies of the People (MAP), and the Joint Endeavor for Welfare, Education and Liberation (Jewel). The new organization showed its capacity to mobilize mass support through rallies swelling up to 10,000 people. In a 1977 interview, Bishop articulated the ideological foundations of the movement stating that: “the idea of Black Power that developed in the United States and the freedom struggle of the African people in such places as Angola, Mozambique, and Guinea-Bissau and unquestionably through the Cuban experience we got the chance to see scientific socialism up close” (Maurice Bishop Speaks, xii-xiii). What must not be lost is that Maurice Bishop and Unison Whiteman are exemplars of what I called a critical Africana human rights consciousness, a praxis that evident in Africana sociopolitical and cultural practices. The praxis of their critical human rights consciousness is rooted in an African ethos and expressed through the processes of: refining and gaining international perspectives; building ways to institutionalization the movement; refining and clarifying ideological guidance; understanding the conditions of struggle as being centered on questions around human rights; developing and disseminating a counter discourse, through various multimedia platforms. Radio Free Grenada was a nod to Radio Free Dixie, established by Mabel and Robert F Williams when they were exiled in Cuba. C. L. R. James is known to be a strong radical intellectual influence on the movement and its members. What we will hear next, is one of the last engagements Maurice Bishop had on U.S. soil; a June 5, 1983 talk Bishop gave in New York. This is one day after he was honored speaker at the invitation of TransAfrica, held on June 4, 1983, an organization of which I, as well as AWNP's own Mwiza Munthali, who was Director of Public Affairs worked with. The June 4 1983 TransAfrica event was filmed by Haile Gerima. It is the intention of AWNP to bring you the voices of those from whom you would not normally get a chance to hear, as they articulate their ideas with their own words; due to the direct efforts of historical marginalization for political purpose. Some of you may have heard this before, while some of you have never even heard of Maurcie Bishop. Either way, AWNP is a platform for building, expanding, and applying ideas. As once explored by Kwame Ture, moving the unconscious to conscious. Forward Ever, Backward Never Our show was produced today in solidarity with the Native/Indigenous, African, and Afro Descendant communities at Standing Rock; Venezuela; Cooperation Jackson in Jackson, Mississippi; Brazil; the Avalon Village in Detroit; Colombia; Kenya; Palestine; South Africa; and Ghana and other places who are fighting for the protection of our land for the benefit of all peoples!

  Bill Kelly's blogs: www.jfkcountercoup.blogspot.com And www.jfkcountercoup2.blogspot.com Founding member of COPA and a Board Member of CAPA Details about the CAPA November in Dallas conference The mock Texas Court of Inquiry Dick Russell's speech from the Grassy Knoll, Nov 22, 1963 Video: Oliver Stone Testifies Before Congress on Government Records (1992) Oliver Stone at Judyth Baker's conference All roads from Dallas lead to JMWave John Newman's presentation on Antonio Veciana's ties to military intelligence Gaeton Fonzi wanted to interview Veciana According to Newman, Veciana was really controlled by the Army Intelligence and not the CIA Veciana fooled us by talking about Maurice Bishop and steering away from Army Intelligence Video: Trailer of the upcoming documentary The Assassination and Mrs. Paine by Max Good Charles Briggs, a CIA man, assisted in the creation of the Sixth Floor Museum A notable contribution was serving as liaison for the creation of the Sixth Floor Museum in Dallas, TX dedicated to the JFK Assassination Read full obituary here  

This episode is featuring the quick witted rap master Bobby Exodus. Bobby is a musician, artist, lyricist and philosopher. I love talking to him because he can speak on every level very intentionally. He is a master of words and a devious little redhead with the kind of sense of humor that wins over most people given enough time. In this first part we talk about his music and some of the struggles growing up trying to do the right things and fighting natural instincts. Bobby is another one of my favorite people in the world so first I wanted to share some of his music and lyrics before we get into the interview. So I play Cloud Noise and Matter Batter by Magic of Science and Bobby Exodus. I talk with Bobby about doing music and one of his projects Magic of Science with Bobby Exodus. Bobby talks about learning how to program beats on cakewalk and rap on cheap computer mics. We talk about how music helped curb his appetites for earthly pleasures. Coming up in hiphop with Maurice Barret and Maurice Bishop with a group called Royalty. He talks about feeling like you’re doing something worth while through creating music. Bobby tells us that writing and surrounding yourself with the right people is crucial for growth. We talk a bit about battle raps with Spoken Nerd (Nathan Conrad), rapping on the streets as promos for shows, and learning to hold your own lyrically in a cypher. Bobby says writing rap helped to identify questions which drove him towards God and the church, becoming involved in church and preaching through his music. Instead of talking about belief systems Bobby asks himself “What is a belief? Is a belief even important?” Christianity became an identity and a way to belong to a community for him. Bobby eventually broke away from the church feeling unfulfilled. He talks about how abstinence affected his walk with God. Replacing sex with unhealthy ways to exercise pent up sexual energy like drinking. Feeling like he was being cheated by being abstinent. Not knowing how to talk to girls, expecting the wrong things from women because of the poison of pornography. He talks about finally giving up and giving himself permission to experience the sexual part of life he stayed away from. Bobby speaks about feeling a need to play catch up on being social and sexual with women. Wanting an ultimate love, to feel close to someone. Bobby tells us about calming sexual energy through meditation, cultivating feminine energy, and personal mystic work. Experimenting with meditation- “I felt like I had a new toy.” He walks us through the microcosmic orbit meditation introduced by Thomas Anderson and his experiments with manipulating his experiences during meditation. Randall Thomas 2019 randallthomasmusic@gmail.com What A World Podcast whataworldpocast.com randallthomasmusic.com Bobby Exodus Solomon --- Support this podcast: https://anchor.fm/whataworldpodcast/support

 John W Spring, Late Hour of Russian Nukes, EMP Weapon of Indignation of Russia, Venezuelan Cuban Chinese Russians Iranians, Dangers of Peace Accord without Missile Defenses, Need to Write President Trump NOW, Must Meet with John and Dr Bill, Immediate Dangers of Nuclear War or Delay without Defenses from MidEast Accord, Times are Urgent,Dr Bill Deagle MD AAEM ACAM A4M, NutriMedical Report Show, www.NutriMedical.com, www.ClayandIRON.com, www.Deagle-Network.com,NutriMedical Report Show,Dear Friends,Please read the following letter that I just sent to the President, which is about Venezuela. JWS  John W. SpringP.O. Box 18946Anaheim, CA 92817 April 2, 2019 The PresidentThe White House1600 Pennsylvania Avenue, NWWashington, DC 20500 RE: THE VENEZUELAN MISSILE CRISIS ON LA ORCHILA ISLAND LOCATED IN THE CARIBBEAN SEA AND PUNTA HUETE, NICARAGUA IN CENTRAL AMERICA Dear Mr. President: I realize that it has been difficult for you to believe me based upon disinformation, which some of your contacts have sent in such a convincing manner. However, due, now, to your awareness of the situation in Venezuela, they have lost their credibility. So, perhaps, this and my past email letters will finally reach your desk at the Oval Office. The Venezuelan Missile Crisis has actually existed for several years, but it has only been since Dr. Bill Deagle had encouraged me to probe into the Chinese, Cuban and Russian air, military and naval activity in Venezuela that I became aware of it. Although I was already aware of the earlier statement made by Russian President Putin that Russia was developing a HYPERSONIC MISSILE that could reverse its course of direction during flight, it seemed more realistic that the Kremlin would now deploy INTERMEDIATE-RANGE BALLISTIC MISSILES armed with THERMONUCLEAR WARHEADS launched from the Caribbean Sea or Central America. La Orchila Island in the Caribbean Sea is now a Russian Air Force base with a long runway where giant air transports are able to land as well at Punta Huete, Nicaragua located in Central America where missiles can also be unloaded and launched in a veery short period of time. Sincerely, John W. SpringDear Friends,Please read the following letter that I just sent to the President, which is about Venezuela. JWSDear Friends,Please notice my newest email address: halfpastfree@outlook.com. At least at this time, I am unable to access my previous email accounts. This has caused me to lose most of my contact. So, if you know of any persons who are really concerned about our nation and the rest of the world, I would welcome more and new friends. Thank you. JWS  John W. SpringP.O. Box 18946Anaheim, CA 92817 March 29, 2019 The PresidentThe White House1600 Pennsylvania Avenue, NWWashington, DC 20500 RE: A NEED FOR A NEW GEOPOLITICAL APPROACH RELATED TO FOREIGN POLICY AND NATIONAL SECURITY CAUSED BY THE RECENT MISSILE CRISES Dear Mr. President: You need my advice for taking a new and different geopolitical approach on matters that are now related to foreign policy and national security, which has been caused by the recent missile crises in North Korea, Nicaragua and Venezuela, because we do not have an effectiveMissile Defense System now in operation. So the only way our nation can survive will be by becoming aware of these current threats, which can only be identified and located with highly-advanced analysis of intelligence that is well beyond the capacity and level of any existing personnel in Washington. Such a new geopolitical approach will require an awareness of the clandestine plans that are now already in operation for striking at theUnited States by understanding the mindset of the enemy or adversary whose advisers and military strategists are exceedingly capable. Therefore, you will need to be in contact with a person with the expertise and education to cover geopolitical aspects of geography and the physical sciences. However, persons who were trained and educated only in government, history, economics, political science or regional studies do not have the adequate “analytical tools” needed that would enable them to function at the required basic level because theChinese and Russian strategists are educated and trained to perform at far higher levels. Besides myself, I would only recommend Dr. Bill Deagle who is the most intelligent person that I have ever met during my entire lifetime. Sincerely, John W. Spring                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           Dear Friends,My new email address is: halfpastfree@outlook.com due to previous Internet accounts being hacked into by apparently foreign agents. Unfortunately, I have been only able to find so very few persons who had received this material. JWS John W. SpringP.O. Box 18946Anaheim, CA 92817 March 28, 2019 The PresidentThe White House1600 Pennsylvania Avenue, NWWashington, DC 20500 RE: A NEED FOR DIFFERENT GEOPOLITICAL POLICIES TOWARDS CHINA AND RUSSIA RELATED NOW TO THEIR MILITARY INVOLVEMENT IN VENEZUELA Dear Mr. President: Two Russian military planes carrying nearly 100 troops have recently arrived in Venezuela for the purpose of supporting the regime ofNicolas Maduro at Caracas, which is causing so many Venezuelans now to face hunger and starvation. Already, there are 35,000 Chinese troops from the elite People’s Liberation Special Operation Forces and 46,000 Cuban troops to support and train Maduro’s 360,000-man army. However, of even greater concern is the Russian Air Force base on La Orchila Island with its extremely long runways for landing many giant air transports that can carry mobile launchers with several Intermediate-Range Ballistic Missiles armed with ThermonuclearWarheads capable of striking all regions of the continental United States from Nicaragua and Venezuela within minutes after landing atPunta Huete in Central America or on La Orchila Island in the Lesser Antilles located in the Caribbean Sea. Unfortunately, unlike your advisers, I can provide you with insight about the mindset of military strategists in Moscow and Beijing who are rather capable. However, you will not find an analyst in Washington who has ever reached my level of accomplishments, background, and experience with the required qualifications related to strategic intelligence related to the missile crises now occurring in North Korea,Nicaragua and Venezuela because without any Missile Defense in operation, we must identify and locate these threats by intelligence analysts who are able to act at a level that is well beyond the capacity of any personnel in Washington and time is running out! Sincerely, John W. Spring   John W. SpringP.O. Box 18946Anaheim, CA 92817 March 22, 2019 The PresidentThe White House1600 Pennsylvania Avenue, NWWashington, DC 20500 RE: NEED FOR A MISSILE DEFENSE SYSTEM DUE TO DEPLOYMENT OF MANY CHINESE, CUBAN, RUSSIAN TROOPS AND NUCLEAR MISSILES IN VENEZUELA Dear Mr. President: As said by me already, I must inform you of the current Venezuelan Missile Crisis that now exists. For this reason, the development of an effective Missile Defense System must become a higher priority than a Space Force at this time with an additional bureaucracy that would only delay the immediate need to protect our nation from its southern border and coast where we are most vulnerable from Intermediate-Range Missiles armed with Thermonuclear Warheads that can be airlifted to Cuba, Nicaragua and Venezuela in a very short period of time. In terms of numbers, Cuba has deployed 46,000 troops from the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Cuba (FAR). China has deployed 35,000 elite troops from the People’s Liberation Special Operations Forces of the PLA. Russia may have only 400 military contractors in Venezuela, but because most of them are currently involved with the Russian Air Force operations on Isla de La Orchila or La Orchila Island where very long runways have been constructed by Russian personnel that can accommodate the very large Antonov An-124 Ruslanand Antonov An-225 Mriya air transports, which can carry fully-integrated mobile launchers with many Intermediate-Range Ballistic Missiles armed with Thermonuclear Warheads that can be fired within minutes after being unloaded on La Orchila Island in the Caribbean Sea or at Punta Huete, Nicaragua in Central America for striking any regions in the continental United States, even though there may360,000 troops in the Venezuelan Army, the fewer Russians there are our greatest concern. Sincerely, John W. Spring           Dear Friends,Please read the following letter sent to the President. It may be of some interest to also learn more about my accomplishments, background and experience. Also read about Chinese troops in Venezuela on the next page and notice my new email address. JWS John W. SpringP.O. Box 18946Anaheim, CA 92817 March 15, 2019 The PresidentThe White House1600 Pennsylvania Avenue, NWWashington, DC 20500 RE: ACCOMPLISHMENT AND CONCERN FOR NORTH KOREA AND VENEZUELA Dear Mr. President: During the Reagan Administration in 1983, I was nominated by U.S. Senator Barry Goldwater who was then Chairman of the Senate Select Committee on Intelligence to become the next ASSISTANT to the PRESIDENT and NATIONAL SECURITY ADVISER. However, the White House Office of Presidential Personnel had a different criteria for selecting applicants. As a result, based upon their selected applicants, many current problems created by them still exist today such as the war in Afghanistan, which is now our longest conflict. As for my accomplishments, they were the landing site near Bay of Pigs, the Cuban Missile Crisis, the Nicaraguan Missile Crisis or theInvasion of Grenada, the North Korean Missile Crisis, and the current Venezuelan Missile Crisis plus additional events that can be discussed at a meeting with you.I am very concerned about North Korea because Vice Foreign Minister Choe Son Hui said, “We have no intention to yield to U.S. demands [made at the summit in Hanoi] in any form, nor are we willing to engage in negotiations of any kind.” However, she did state “personal relations between the two supreme leaders [you and Kim] are still good and the chemistry is mysteriously wonderful.” As for Venezuela, that situation is now very serious and may soon require U.S. military action. Sincerely,             John W. Spring   March 14, 2019 RE: CHINESE TROOPS DEPLOYED TO VENEZUELA Dear Friends, According to SomeonesBones, a White House source claims that Chinese President Xi Jinping has already sent 35,000 elite troops—the People’s Liberation Special Operation Forces—to help repel incursions on Venezuelan soil. If a garrison is considered to be about 500 soldiers, then it would be about five such military groups from China that are now in Venezuela. SomeonesBones also reported that on January 23, 2019 an American reconnaissance satellite—USA-139—captured images of a Chinese-flagged container ship offloading troops and armor near Puerto Cabello in Venezuela, which is about 100 miles west of Caracas. Chinese assets included several Type 99 main battle tanks, towed artillery, and a platoon ZBD 97 infantry fighting vehicles. China is bolstering Maduro’s 360,000-man army and also providing logistical support to prevent Maduro from being overthrown. Sincerely,             John W. Spring                      John W. SpringP.O. Box 18946Anaheim, CA 92817 February 19, 2019 Dear Mr. President: Perhaps you may have seen the motion picture titled “Heartbreak Ridge” with Clint Eastwood that tells the story of U.S. armed forces being deployed to Grenada, an island in the Caribbean Sea, to rescue American medical students in 1983 after leader Maurice Bishop of the New Jewel Movement had been placed under house arrest and later executed by the People’s Revolutionary Army firing squad. However, the real reason for the United States invading Grenada was due to a very long runway that was then under construction for the main purpose of providing a stop-over needed for refueling the Soviet air transport before deploying its cargo of Thermonuclear Weaponsto Punta Huete in Nicaragua where another very long airstrip was being constructed, which would have enabled the Soviet Union to launch so many Intermediate-Range Ballistic Missiles armed with Thermonuclear Warheads that would have been able to strike directly at the United States within minutes after landing. Today, that airfield on Grenada is now the Maurice Bishop International Airport. About a decade ago, Russian President Vladimir V. Putin, in violation of the INF Treaty, had authorized the construction of a very long asphalt airport on La Orchila Island located in the Caribbean Sea and administered by Venezuela that can accommodate very large air transports capable of deploying several missile launchers and many Intermediate-Range Ballistic Missiles armed with ThermonuclearWarheads that can be launched within minutes after landing on La Orchila Island or at Punta Huete Airport in Nicaragua, the longest runway in all of Central America. So, not only did La Orchila Island replace Grenada as a Russian Air Force base, but it is in a better location for striking at all regions of the continental United States. Sincerely, John W. Spring           John W. SpringP.O. Box 18946Anaheim, CA 92817 February 19, 2019 The PresidentThe White House1600 Pennsylvania Avenue, NWWashington, DC 20500 RE: ANALYSIS OF NICARAGUA, NORTH KOREA, RUSSIA AND VENEZUELA Dear Mr. President: Due to your scheduled forthcoming second summit soon with Chairman Kim Jong Un at Hanoi in Vietnam, I shall try to be rather brief about my recent geopolitical analysis by ranking in order of concern Venezuela, Russia, North Korea and Nicaragua in Central America. Venezuela: While I am concerned about humanitarian aid being able to enter into Venezuela for the starving people and the Marxist dictatorship of Nicolas Maduro, I am even more concerned about a potential Intermediate-Range Ballistic Missile Nuclear attack from La Orchila Island in the Caribbean from a Russian Air Force base with very long runways on the island. Russia: The Kremlin in Moscow has violated the INF Treaty by building very long airstrips on La Orchila Island, which is administered by Venezuela and at Punta Huete in Nicaragua that can land large air transports deploying mobile missile launchers and also many Intermediate-Range Ballistic Missiles armed with Thermonuclear Warheads. North Korea’s rocket engines have been manufactured in Russia at factories in the Moscow Industrial District. North Korea: If Washington continues to exert more pressure on Kim Jong Un, Pyongyang will replace him with a Stalinist hardliner who will become far more hostile towards America. Nicaragua: The very long runway can accommodate the very large air transports that can deploy mobile missile launchers and so many Intermediate-Range Ballistic Missiles armed with NuclearWarheads that can be launched at the United States within minutes after reaching Punta Huete. Sincerely, John W. Spring      John W. SpringP.O. Box 18946Anaheim, CA 92817 February 15, 2019 The PresidentThe White House1600 Pennsylvania Avenue, NWWashington, DC 20500 RE: THE PRESENT CLANDESTINE RUSSIAN MISSILE CRISIS IN LATIN AMERICA Dear Mr. President: Besides being the first American scientist and geopolitical analyst to call your attention to North Korea’s capability to strike with ICBMsarmed with Thermonuclear Warheads at any region in the continental United States, I must now also warn you about Russia’s current capability for striking at America with Intermediate-Range Ballistic Missiles armed with Thermonuclear Warheads launched from an island called La Orchila in the Caribbean Sea and at Punta Huete in Central America within a few minutes after mobile missile launchers are unloaded from very large air transports such as the Antonov An-124 Ruslan and the Antonov An-225 Mriya. La Orchila Island, located in the Lesser Antilles, is administered and claimed by Venezuela and the Russian Air Force has already constructed a runway on the island that is 3,200 meters or 10,007 feet in length, which is almost two miles long. In addition to this asphalt runway, the Russians are building a larger airfield that will probably be 3,500 meters or 11,483 feet long and 30 meters or 197 feet wide, which will be able to accommodate many Antonov An-225 Mriya air carriers that are scheduled to be produced this year during 2019 inChina or Russia. The airfield at Punta Huete Airport in Nicaragua has the longest runway in Central America. Sincerely, John W. Spring           John W. SpringP.O. Box 18946Anaheim, CA 92817 February 14, 2019 The PresidentThe White House1600 Pennsylvania Avenue, NWWashington, DC 20500 RE: LA ORCHILA ISLAND RUSSIAN AIR FORCE BASE AND ANTONOV An-225 Dear Mr. President: The Russian Air Force base on La Orchila Island in the Caribbean Sea has a runway that is 3,200 meters or 10,007 feet long that is now in operation. It is now able to accommodate the Antonov An-124 Ruslan strategic military heavy air transport that can carry 150 tons of cargo as well as the much larger Antonov An-225 Mriya, which not just able to airlift up to 630 tons of cargo inside its fuselage, but it also is able to launch missiles or spacecraft in mid-air up to 70 meters or 230 feet in length. In addition, the Russian Air Force is also constructing another airfield that will be at least 3,500 meters or 11,483 feet long and 30 metersor 197 feet wide, which will be ideal for landing the Antonov An-225 Mriya air transports on La Orchila Island as a stopover for refueling before continuing westward on the course to Punta Huete Airport in Nicaragua, the longest runway in Central America, from where mobile missile launchers could be unloaded in only a matter of a few minutes to fire many Intermediate-Range Ballistic Missiles armed with Thermonuclear Warheads capable of reaching all strategic targets in the United States without any warning. Although only one Antonov An-225 Mriya currently exists in operation, there are two possible locations where these largest air transports in the world are being manufactured and produced.Russia has all of the parts for this giant aircraft and the machinery to produce larger quantities. China was able to obtain all of the technology from Ukraine several years ago and is expected to complete production during 2019. So Russia and/or China may already have a fleet available of this massive aircraft for military deployment. But even the smaller Antonov An-124 Ruslan could be adequate for such a clandestine operation in Latin America. This is why Venezuela is a serious threat to our national security. Sincerely, John W. Spring​John W. Spring   For information regarding your data privacy, visit Acast.com/privacy See acast.com/privacy for privacy and opt-out information.

Rob Roselli, www.BoxOfSunglasses.com, END of Russian and Chinese in Venezuela, Prescription for PEACE, End Putin Oligarch Banking, STOP Venezuela USA Refineries, Blockade Venezuelan Oil to Cuba, Shut PLA Banks and Production of Car-Phentanyl Poison from China, End Trade with China Until Troops are OUT of Venezuela, Build Laser Net Brilliant Pebbles Missile Defnese Strategic Space Systems,Dr Bill Deagle MD AAEM ACAM A4M, NutriMedical Report Show, www.NutriMedical.com, www.ClayandIRON.com, www.Deagle-Network.com,NutriMedical Report Show, John W. SpringP.O. Box 18946Anaheim, CA 92817 March 29, 2019 The PresidentThe White House1600 Pennsylvania Avenue, NWWashington, DC 20500 RE: A NEED FOR A NEW GEOPOLITICAL APPROACH RELATED TO FOREIGN POLICY AND NATIONAL SECURITY CAUSED BY THE RECENT MISSILE CRISES Dear Mr. President: You need my advice for taking a new and different geopolitical approach on matters that are now related to foreign policy and national security, which has been caused by the recent missile crises in North Korea, Nicaragua and Venezuela, because we do not have an effectiveMissile Defense System now in operation. So the only way our nation can survive will be by becoming aware of these current threats, which can only be identified and located with highly-advanced analysis of intelligence that is well beyond the capacity and level of any existing personnel in Washington. Such a new geopolitical approach will require an awareness of the clandestine plans that are now already in operation for striking at theUnited States by understanding the mindset of the enemy or adversary whose advisers and military strategists are exceedingly capable. Therefore, you will need to be in contact with a person with the expertise and education to cover geopolitical aspects of geography and the physical sciences. However, persons who were trained and educated only in government, history, economics, political science or regional studies do not have the adequate “analytical tools” needed that would enable them to function at the required basic level because theChinese and Russian strategists are educated and trained to perform at far higher levels. Besides myself, I would only recommend Dr. Bill Deagle who is the most intelligent person that I have ever met during my entire lifetime. Sincerely, John W. Spring                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           Dear Friends,My new email address is: halfpastfree@outlook.com due to previous Internet accounts being hacked into by apparently foreign agents. Unfortunately, I have been only able to find so very few persons who had received this material. JWS John W. SpringP.O. Box 18946Anaheim, CA 92817 March 28, 2019 The PresidentThe White House1600 Pennsylvania Avenue, NWWashington, DC 20500 RE: A NEED FOR DIFFERENT GEOPOLITICAL POLICIES TOWARDS CHINA AND RUSSIA RELATED NOW TO THEIR MILITARY INVOLVEMENT IN VENEZUELA Dear Mr. President: Two Russian military planes carrying nearly 100 troops have recently arrived in Venezuela for the purpose of supporting the regime ofNicolas Maduro at Caracas, which is causing so many Venezuelans now to face hunger and starvation. Already, there are 35,000 Chinese troops from the elite People’s Liberation Special Operation Forces and 46,000 Cuban troops to support and train Maduro’s 360,000-man army. However, of even greater concern is the Russian Air Force base on La Orchila Island with its extremely long runways for landing many giant air transports that can carry mobile launchers with several Intermediate-Range Ballistic Missiles armed with ThermonuclearWarheads capable of striking all regions of the continental United States from Nicaragua and Venezuela within minutes after landing atPunta Huete in Central America or on La Orchila Island in the Lesser Antilles located in the Caribbean Sea. Unfortunately, unlike your advisers, I can provide you with insight about the mindset of military strategists in Moscow and Beijing who are rather capable. However, you will not find an analyst in Washington who has ever reached my level of accomplishments, background, and experience with the required qualifications related to strategic intelligence related to the missile crises now occurring in North Korea,Nicaragua and Venezuela because without any Missile Defense in operation, we must identify and locate these threats by intelligence analysts who are able to act at a level that is well beyond the capacity of any personnel in Washington and time is running out! Sincerely, John W. Spring   John W. SpringP.O. Box 18946Anaheim, CA 92817 March 22, 2019 The PresidentThe White House1600 Pennsylvania Avenue, NWWashington, DC 20500 RE: NEED FOR A MISSILE DEFENSE SYSTEM DUE TO DEPLOYMENT OF MANY CHINESE, CUBAN, RUSSIAN TROOPS AND NUCLEAR MISSILES IN VENEZUELA Dear Mr. President: As said by me already, I must inform you of the current Venezuelan Missile Crisis that now exists. For this reason, the development of an effective Missile Defense System must become a higher priority than a Space Force at this time with an additional bureaucracy that would only delay the immediate need to protect our nation from its southern border and coast where we are most vulnerable from Intermediate-Range Missiles armed with Thermonuclear Warheads that can be airlifted to Cuba, Nicaragua and Venezuela in a very short period of time. In terms of numbers, Cuba has deployed 46,000 troops from the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Cuba (FAR). China has deployed 35,000 elite troops from the People’s Liberation Special Operations Forces of the PLA. Russia may have only 400 military contractors in Venezuela, but because most of them are currently involved with the Russian Air Force operations on Isla de La Orchila or La Orchila Island where very long runways have been constructed by Russian personnel that can accommodate the very large Antonov An-124 Ruslanand Antonov An-225 Mriya air transports, which can carry fully-integrated mobile launchers with many Intermediate-Range Ballistic Missiles armed with Thermonuclear Warheads that can be fired within minutes after being unloaded on La Orchila Island in the Caribbean Sea or at Punta Huete, Nicaragua in Central America for striking any regions in the continental United States, even though there may360,000 troops in the Venezuelan Army, the fewer Russians there are our greatest concern. Sincerely, John W. Spring           Dear Friends,Please read the following letter sent to the President. It may be of some interest to also learn more about my accomplishments, background and experience. Also read about Chinese troops in Venezuela on the next page and notice my new email address. JWS John W. SpringP.O. Box 18946Anaheim, CA 92817 March 15, 2019 The PresidentThe White House1600 Pennsylvania Avenue, NWWashington, DC 20500 RE: ACCOMPLISHMENT AND CONCERN FOR NORTH KOREA AND VENEZUELA Dear Mr. President: During the Reagan Administration in 1983, I was nominated by U.S. Senator Barry Goldwater who was then Chairman of the Senate Select Committee on Intelligence to become the next ASSISTANT to the PRESIDENT and NATIONAL SECURITY ADVISER. However, the White House Office of Presidential Personnel had a different criteria for selecting applicants. As a result, based upon their selected applicants, many current problems created by them still exist today such as the war in Afghanistan, which is now our longest conflict. As for my accomplishments, they were the landing site near Bay of Pigs, the Cuban Missile Crisis, the Nicaraguan Missile Crisis or theInvasion of Grenada, the North Korean Missile Crisis, and the current Venezuelan Missile Crisis plus additional events that can be discussed at a meeting with you.I am very concerned about North Korea because Vice Foreign Minister Choe Son Hui said, “We have no intention to yield to U.S. demands [made at the summit in Hanoi] in any form, nor are we willing to engage in negotiations of any kind.” However, she did state “personal relations between the two supreme leaders [you and Kim] are still good and the chemistry is mysteriously wonderful.” As for Venezuela, that situation is now very serious and may soon require U.S. military action. Sincerely,             John W. Spring   March 14, 2019 RE: CHINESE TROOPS DEPLOYED TO VENEZUELA Dear Friends, According to SomeonesBones, a White House source claims that Chinese President Xi Jinping has already sent 35,000 elite troops—the People’s Liberation Special Operation Forces—to help repel incursions on Venezuelan soil. If a garrison is considered to be about 500 soldiers, then it would be about five such military groups from China that are now in Venezuela. SomeonesBones also reported that on January 23, 2019 an American reconnaissance satellite—USA-139—captured images of a Chinese-flagged container ship offloading troops and armor near Puerto Cabello in Venezuela, which is about 100 miles west of Caracas. Chinese assets included several Type 99 main battle tanks, towed artillery, and a platoon ZBD 97 infantry fighting vehicles. China is bolstering Maduro’s 360,000-man army and also providing logistical support to prevent Maduro from being overthrown. Sincerely,             John W. Spring                      John W. SpringP.O. Box 18946Anaheim, CA 92817 February 19, 2019 Dear Mr. President: Perhaps you may have seen the motion picture titled “Heartbreak Ridge” with Clint Eastwood that tells the story of U.S. armed forces being deployed to Grenada, an island in the Caribbean Sea, to rescue American medical students in 1983 after leader Maurice Bishop of the New Jewel Movement had been placed under house arrest and later executed by the People’s Revolutionary Army firing squad. However, the real reason for the United States invading Grenada was due to a very long runway that was then under construction for the main purpose of providing a stop-over needed for refueling the Soviet air transport before deploying its cargo of Thermonuclear Weaponsto Punta Huete in Nicaragua where another very long airstrip was being constructed, which would have enabled the Soviet Union to launch so many Intermediate-Range Ballistic Missiles armed with Thermonuclear Warheads that would have been able to strike directly at the United States within minutes after landing. Today, that airfield on Grenada is now the Maurice Bishop International Airport. About a decade ago, Russian President Vladimir V. Putin, in violation of the INF Treaty, had authorized the construction of a very long asphalt airport on La Orchila Island located in the Caribbean Sea and administered by Venezuela that can accommodate very large air transports capable of deploying several missile launchers and many Intermediate-Range Ballistic Missiles armed with ThermonuclearWarheads that can be launched within minutes after landing on La Orchila Island or at Punta Huete Airport in Nicaragua, the longest runway in all of Central America. So, not only did La Orchila Island replace Grenada as a Russian Air Force base, but it is in a better location for striking at all regions of the continental United States. Sincerely, John W. Spring           John W. SpringP.O. Box 18946Anaheim, CA 92817 February 19, 2019 The PresidentThe White House1600 Pennsylvania Avenue, NWWashington, DC 20500 RE: ANALYSIS OF NICARAGUA, NORTH KOREA, RUSSIA AND VENEZUELA Dear Mr. President: Due to your scheduled forthcoming second summit soon with Chairman Kim Jong Un at Hanoi in Vietnam, I shall try to be rather brief about my recent geopolitical analysis by ranking in order of concern Venezuela, Russia, North Korea and Nicaragua in Central America. Venezuela: While I am concerned about humanitarian aid being able to enter into Venezuela for the starving people and the Marxist dictatorship of Nicolas Maduro, I am even more concerned about a potential Intermediate-Range Ballistic Missile Nuclear attack from La Orchila Island in the Caribbean from a Russian Air Force base with very long runways on the island. Russia: The Kremlin in Moscow has violated the INF Treaty by building very long airstrips on La Orchila Island, which is administered by Venezuela and at Punta Huete in Nicaragua that can land large air transports deploying mobile missile launchers and also many Intermediate-Range Ballistic Missiles armed with Thermonuclear Warheads. North Korea’s rocket engines have been manufactured in Russia at factories in the Moscow Industrial District. North Korea: If Washington continues to exert more pressure on Kim Jong Un, Pyongyang will replace him with a Stalinist hardliner who will become far more hostile towards America. Nicaragua: The very long runway can accommodate the very large air transports that can deploy mobile missile launchers and so many Intermediate-Range Ballistic Missiles armed with NuclearWarheads that can be launched at the United States within minutes after reaching Punta Huete. Sincerely, John W. Spring      John W. SpringP.O. Box 18946Anaheim, CA 92817 February 15, 2019 The PresidentThe White House1600 Pennsylvania Avenue, NWWashington, DC 20500 RE: THE PRESENT CLANDESTINE RUSSIAN MISSILE CRISIS IN LATIN AMERICA Dear Mr. President: Besides being the first American scientist and geopolitical analyst to call your attention to North Korea’s capability to strike with ICBMsarmed with Thermonuclear Warheads at any region in the continental United States, I must now also warn you about Russia’s current capability for striking at America with Intermediate-Range Ballistic Missiles armed with Thermonuclear Warheads launched from an island called La Orchila in the Caribbean Sea and at Punta Huete in Central America within a few minutes after mobile missile launchers are unloaded from very large air transports such as the Antonov An-124 Ruslan and the Antonov An-225 Mriya. La Orchila Island, located in the Lesser Antilles, is administered and claimed by Venezuela and the Russian Air Force has already constructed a runway on the island that is 3,200 meters or 10,007 feet in length, which is almost two miles long. In addition to this asphalt runway, the Russians are building a larger airfield that will probably be 3,500 meters or 11,483 feet long and 30 meters or 197 feet wide, which will be able to accommodate many Antonov An-225 Mriya air carriers that are scheduled to be produced this year during 2019 inChina or Russia. The airfield at Punta Huete Airport in Nicaragua has the longest runway in Central America. Sincerely, John W. Spring           John W. SpringP.O. Box 18946Anaheim, CA 92817 February 14, 2019 The PresidentThe White House1600 Pennsylvania Avenue, NWWashington, DC 20500 RE: LA ORCHILA ISLAND RUSSIAN AIR FORCE BASE AND ANTONOV An-225 Dear Mr. President: The Russian Air Force base on La Orchila Island in the Caribbean Sea has a runway that is 3,200 meters or 10,007 feet long that is now in operation. It is now able to accommodate the Antonov An-124 Ruslan strategic military heavy air transport that can carry 150 tons of cargo as well as the much larger Antonov An-225 Mriya, which not just able to airlift up to 630 tons of cargo inside its fuselage, but it also is able to launch missiles or spacecraft in mid-air up to 70 meters or 230 feet in length. In addition, the Russian Air Force is also constructing another airfield that will be at least 3,500 meters or 11,483 feet long and 30 metersor 197 feet wide, which will be ideal for landing the Antonov An-225 Mriya air transports on La Orchila Island as a stopover for refueling before continuing westward on the course to Punta Huete Airport in Nicaragua, the longest runway in Central America, from where mobile missile launchers could be unloaded in only a matter of a few minutes to fire many Intermediate-Range Ballistic Missiles armed with Thermonuclear Warheads capable of reaching all strategic targets in the United States without any warning. Although only one Antonov An-225 Mriya currently exists in operation, there are two possible locations where these largest air transports in the world are being manufactured and produced.Russia has all of the parts for this giant aircraft and the machinery to produce larger quantities. China was able to obtain all of the technology from Ukraine several years ago and is expected to complete production during 2019. So Russia and/or China may already have a fleet available of this massive aircraft for military deployment. But even the smaller Antonov An-124 Ruslan could be adequate for such a clandestine operation in Latin America. This is why Venezuela is a serious threat to our national security. Sincerely, John W. Spring​ For information regarding your data privacy, visit Acast.com/privacy See acast.com/privacy for privacy and opt-out information.

Edward Philip George Seaga was born on May 28, 1930,  in Boston'.His 18-year-old Jamaican mother, Erna Alleta Maxwell,His father, 29-year-old salesman Phillip George Seaga (who could sell snow to an Eskimo) was a second-generation Lebanese-Jamaican. He graduated from Harvard in 1952 with a Bachelor of Arts in social relations.He had by then broadened his academic interest in rural folk life to include recording and producing its evolved urban musical form.Seaga's Gleaner writings brought him to the attention of founder and president of the opposition Jamaica Labour Party, Alexander Bustamante, whose emergence on the national scene owed much to his own strident letter writing (in the 1920s) against Jamaica's ruling colonial order.In 1959 Bustamante appointed Seaga to sit in the upper house of the Jamaican Legislative Assembly.In 1960 he was elected assistant secretary of the party, and two years later he was elevated to the post of secretary.Seaga served at the finance and planning post until the JLP lost power - after two successive terms .Seaga led the JLP to a massive electoral victory over Michael Manley and the PNP - and their "democratic socialist" experiment. Seaga became independent Jamaica's fifth prime minister. Seaga and his government also undertook a pro-Western and particularly pro-US foreign policy stance. Seaga led other Anglo-Caribbean states in opposing the left-wing Maurice Bishop regime in Grenada, enthusiastically backing, after Bishop's demise, the October 1983 US invasion of the island. adapted from By Bernard Headley article Sunday, January 16, 2005    

Burkina Faso is a landlocked country in West Africa surrounded by six (6) countries. As of 2014 the population of the country hovered just over 17.3 million. Not a tiny country, but definitely not very large either. Originally known as the Republic of Upper Volta, Sankara renamed the country “Burkina Faso” in August of 1984. Thomas Isidore Noél Sankara was born December 21, 1949 in Yako, Burkina Faso as the son of Marguerite Sankara and Sambo Joseph Sankara. In high school, Sankara attended basic military training, and in 1966, he began his military career at the age of 19. Sankara was originally trained as a pilot in the Upper Volta Air Force. During this time, Sankara immersed himself in the works of Karl Marx and Vladmir Lenin. He would go on to become a very popular figure in the capital city, and his charisma would surely serve him well. Sankara wasn’t just a military figure, he was also a pretty good guitarist, and played in a band call “Tout-å-Coup Jazz”; and his vehicle of choice was a motorcycle. The military career, accolades, honors, and private passions would serve to make Sankara a very influential image that would be admired by many. Sankara would become military commander of the Commando Training Center in 1976; and in the same year met a man named Blaise Compaoré in Morocco. In November 1982, a political coup brought Major-Doctor Jean-Baptiste Ouédraogo to power, and Sankara was asked to serve as Prime Minister in January 1983. This position allowed him an entry into the realm of international politics and a chance to meet with other leaders of the non-aligned movement including Fidel Castro [of Cuba], Samora Machel [of Mozambique] and Maurice Bishop [of Granada]. On August 4, 1983 a coup d’etat supported by Libya, would result in the formation of the National Council of the Revolution and rise Sankara to President of the country at the age of only 33. Sankara viewed himself as a revolutionary and was inspired by the examples set by Fidel Castro in Cuba, Che Guevara and Ghana’s military leader Jerry Rawlings. As President, Sankara promoted the “Democratic and Popular Revolution” with the ideology of the Revolution, as defined by Sankara, to be anti-imperialist. Sankara’s primary policies were directed at fighting corruption, reforestation, averting famine, and re-shifting political focuses to make education and health real priorities. On the first anniversary of his presidency, Sankara took the bold move of renaming the country from Upper Volta to Burkina Faso, which in the two major languages of the country, Moré and Djula, means “the land of upright people”. Sankara stripped away much of the powers that tribal chiefs held in the country. This act actually served a dual purpose for the country; first, it created an average higher standard of living for the average Burkinabe; and second, it created the most optimal situation to encourage Burkina Faso into food self-sufficiency. Sankara would be quoted as saying: “Our country produces enough to feed us all. Alas, for lack of organization, we are forced to beg for food aid. It’s this aid that instills in our spirits the attitude of beggars.” Burkina Faso reached not only food sufficiency, but had actually reached a food surplus. Sankara launched mass vaccination programs all in an attempt to eradicate the country of polio, meningitis and measles as well. In one week alone, in the country of 17 million, 2.5 million Burkinabé were vaccinated, getting acclaim from the World Health Organization. Sankara’s administration was also the first African government to publicly recognize the AIDS epidemic as a major threat to Africa. On a philosophical level, Guevera and Sankara were both Marxist revolutionaries, who believed that an armed revolution against imperialism and monopolized capitalism was the only way for mass progress. They both denounced financial neo-colonialism before the United Nations and held up agrarian land reform and literacy campaigns. On October 15, 1987, Thomas Sankara was killed by an armed group along with about twelve (12) other government officials in coup d’état organized by his former partner, Blaise Compaoré. Sankara’s body was dismembered and he was unceremoniously buried in an unmarked grave, while his widow and two (2) children fled the country. by the evening of the assassination, Compaoré was installed as the new president. . On December 22, 2015, so just mere 2 weeks ago; Al Jazeera ran an article that you can find relating that Burkina Faso had issued an international arrest warrant for Compaoré in connection with the murder of Thomas Sankara. Collections of Thomas Sankara’s speeches were published following his death, including Thomas Sankara Speaks: The Burkina Faso Revolution 1983-1987; Women’s Liberation and the African Freedom Struggle; and We are the Heirs of the World's Revolutions. On October 9th, Sankara gave a speech marking and honoring the 20th anniversary of Guevera’s execution. Just a mere week before his death, in the same speech for Guevara Thomas Sankara addressed his people and proclaimed, “while revolutionaries as individuals can be murdered, you cannot kill ideas.” Thomas Sankara belongs to the group of African leaders who wanted to give the continent in general and their countries in particular a new socio-political dimension. He was the hope of the African youth before being coldly murdered.

Join us Tuesday February 24th @7:30PM as Real Talk All The Time brings you the Authors. This is a don’t miss event. We will have with us some Extremely Gifted and Talented writers join us for a discussion about their craft and much more.  Hang out with Teresa Browning author of A Black Man’s Pain,  Laquiesha Malone author of A Walk in my shoes, Pamela Wright author of A Second Chance at Love, Maurice Bishop and more. This is sure to be a great show. Be sure you don’t miss it. Also as usual we will discuss sports, news and entertainment with the edgey and raw delivery that only Real Talk All The Time can Bring You. www.realtalkallthetime.com. 100% Real Unpolished, Unrehearsed and Unapologetic, Real Talk For Real People. HJ Morgan, DS Rivers, and Rob Hall are you Hosts Every Tuesday Night. The Call in is 347-637-3010.

Listen to this special edition of the Pan-African Journal hosted by Abayomi Azikiwe, editor of the Pan-African News Wire. In this broadcast we will present our PANW reports with updates on the impact of the Ebola Virus Disease in three West African states and in the United States; a tribute to Grenadian revolutionary leader Maurice Bishop who was assassinated 31 years ago today; another audio documentary on the 1918 influenza pandemic with a focus on Philadelphia; and a archived radio interview examining the 1968 alliance between the Black Panther Party  for Self-Defense and the Peace and Freedom Party in California.

Host Alice Backer of www.kiskeacity.com and Michelle Materre, founder of Creatively Speaking Film Series and host of Creativey Speaking on the Air  welcome Bruce Paddington, maker of the documentary Forward Ever.  The film investigates the Grenadian revolution of 1979 which culminated in the killing of Maurice Bishop and several of his colleagues in 1983. (Bruce is with us for the first half hour.) We are then joined by Trinidadian-American trade unionist Roger Toussaint and cultural activist Martin Felix, who came of age in Grenada during the revolution, to explore aspects of this oft neglected chapter of Caribbean history. How was this movement for self-determination launched in the pre-social media era? Why did Reagan take exception to the building of an international airport in Grenada? Did US involvement start at the post-killing invasion or was the Grenadian movement for self-determination infiltrated and destabilized? Originally aired on Creatively Speaking On the Air June 18, 2014. Forward Ever will be screening FREE Friday June 20 at Medgar Evers College in Brooklyn at 6PM and again at 4PM Saturday June 21 at Maisles Theater in Harlem.

On 19 October 1983, Grenada's popular left-wing prime minister, Maurice Bishop, was killed following an internal party coup. Six days later the US invaded the tiny Caribbean island. We hear from Ann Peters, who was with Maurice Bishop in his final hours. Photo: Maurice Bishop in 1983 . BBC Pictures

On 19 October 1983, Grenada's popular left-wing prime minister, Maurice Bishop, was killed following an internal party coup. Six days later the US invaded the tiny Caribbean island. We hear from Ann Peters, who was with Maurice Bishop in his final hours. Photo: Maurice Bishop in 1983 . BBC Pictures