Podcasts about leaflets

Hello Youtube Members, Patreons and Pacific War week by week listeners. Yes this was intended to be an exclusive episode to join the 29 others over on my Youtube Membership and Patreon, but since we are drawing to the end of the Pacific War week by week series, I felt compelled to make some special episodes to answer some of the bigger questions. Why did Japan, or better said, why did Emperor Hirohito decide to finally surrender? It seems obvious on the face of it, but there is actually a lot more to it than bombs or Soviet invasions. I guess you can call this episode a teaser or a shameless plug for going over to my Youtube Membership or Patreon. There's honestly a lot of interesting subjects such as ‘why was the japanese army so brutal”, “Hirohito's war time responsibility”, “the 4 part Kanji Ishiwara series”. Thus if you liked this one please show some love and check out my other stuff on my Youtube Membership or over at www.patreon.com/pacificwarchannel.   Stating all of that lets just jump right into it.   We first need to start off briefly looking at Emperor Hirohito.    Upon taking the throne, Emperor Hirohito in 1926 Hirohito inherited a financial crisis and a military that was increasingly seizing control of governmental policies. From the beginning, despite what many of you older audience members may have been told, Hirohito intensely followed all military decisions. Hirohito chose when to act and when not to. When the Kwantung Army assassinated Zhang Zuolin, he indulged their insubordination. This emboldened them to invade Manchuria in 1931, whereupon Hirohito was furious and demanded they be reigned in. Attempts were made, but they were heavily undermined by radicals. Hirohito could have put his foot down, but he chose not to. On September 22nd, at 4:20pm Hirohito said to the IJA Chief of General staff, Kanaya Hanzo “although this time it couldn't be helped, the army had to be more careful in the future”. Thus Hirohito again acquiesced to the military, despite wanting them to stop or at least localize the conflict. The military had disregarded his wishes, they should have been severely punished. Why did Hirohito not take a firmer stance?    Again for older audience members you may have heard, “hirohito was a hostage at the whim of his own military”. This narrative made it seem he was some sort of hostage emperor, but this is not the case at all. In fact Hirohito was instrumental in many military decisions from 1931-1945. The reason this, I will call it “myth” , went on was because after Japan's surrender, the US basically rewrote the Japanese constitution and covered up the Emperor's involvement in all the nasty stuff, to maintain control over Japan. Yeah it sounds a bit conspiracy esque, but I assure you it was indeed the case. This narrative held firm all the way until Hirohito's death, when finally meeting notes and personal accounts from those close to him came out, illuminating a lot. Though to this day, many records are still red -tapped.   The reason Hirohito did not stamp his foot down has to do with the Kokutai.    The Kokutai   So before I carry on, I have to explain what exactly is the Kokutai.    The Kokutai, loosely translated as "national essence," refers to the qualities that distinguish the Japanese identity. However, this concept is remarkably vague and poorly defined; even Japanese historians acknowledge this ambiguity. In contrast to Kokutai is seitai, or "form of government." While the Kokutai embodies the eternal and immutable aspects of Japanese polity—rooted in history, traditions, and customs centered around the Emperor—Japan's seitai has evolved significantly throughout its extensive history. For instance, shoguns governed for over 700 years until 1868, when the Meiji Restoration reinstated direct imperial rule.   Nevertheless, Emperor Meiji's direct authority came to an end with the adoption of the Meiji Constitution in 1889, which established a constitutional monarchy, introducing significant complexities into the governance system.   Article 4 of the constitution declares: “The Emperor is the head of the Empire, combining in Himself the rights of sovereignty, uniting the executive, legislative, and judicial branches of government, although subject to the consent of the Imperial Diet.” Under this framework, the Emperor alone possessed the power to appoint or dismiss ministers of state, declare war, negotiate peace, conclude treaties, direct national administration, and command the army and navy.   A glaring flaw in this arrangement is the inherent ambiguity of the Meiji Constitution. While it established a democratic parliament, it simultaneously afforded the Emperor absolute authority to usurp it. The document failed to clearly define the relationships between the executive, legislative, and judicial branches, and its language was intentionally vague. Most critically, the military—the army and navy—were not directly accountable to the civilian government.    So with the kokutai, the Emperor is a divine figure who embodies the state's sovereignty. It was not necessarily the Emperor's job to surrender on behalf of the official government of Japan, but he most certainly could do so, given the Japanese people still remained faithful to the kokutai.    Now Hirohito did not live an ordinary life. According to the imperial custom, Japanese royals were raised apart from their parents, at the age of 3 he was placed in the care of the Kwamura family who vowed to raise him to be unselfish, persevering in the face of difficulties, respectful of the views of others and immune to fear. One thing that was absolutely indoctrinated into him was to defend the kokutai. It became his top mission as a monarch, it was the only mission in many ways. At the very core of how he saw the world and how he acted, it was always to protect the kokutai.    So when the Japanese military began these insubordinate acts, Hirohito's primary concern was to the kokutai, ie: anything that threatened his imperial authority and the imperial institution itself. Although the military usurped his authority, the operations had been successful. Hirohito was not at all opposed to seeing his empire expand. He understood the value of manchuria, he was fully onboard with the military plans to eventually seize control over it, but these radicals were accelerating things to quickly for everyone's liking. He turned a blind eye, dished light punishments and carried on. However the local conflict escalated. It traveled to Shanghai by 1932 and here Hirohito took action. He understood Shanghai was full of western powers. Nations like Britain and America could place economic sanctions on Japan if things were allowed to get out of hand here. So he ordered General Yoshinori Shirakawa to bring the Shanghai expedition to a close.    During this period, two factions emerged within the Japanese military: the Kodoha, or “Imperial Way,” and the Toseiha, or “Control” faction. The Kodoha was founded by General Sadao Araki and his protégé, Jinzaburo Masaki. Their primary objective was a Shōwa Restoration aimed at purging Japan of corrupt politicians and businessmen, especially those associated with the zaibatsu. Composed mainly of young army officers, the Kodoha espoused a romanticized and radical interpretation of Bushido, idealizing pre-industrial Japan, which Araki believed had been tainted by Western influences. To achieve their goals, they resorted to assassinations and planned a coup d'état.   In response, the Toseiha faction was formed, initially led by Lt. General Tetsuzan Nagata and later by Hideki Tojo. Like the Kodoha, the Toseiha sought a Shōwa Restoration but adopted a more moderate and conservative approach. They recognized the importance of preserving traditional values while integrating Western ideals, advocating for a balanced perspective. The Toseiha promoted pragmatic military strategies to navigate the complexities of modern warfare. Although they acknowledged the existence of corrupt politicians and zaibatsu, they preferred to work within the existing political system, anticipating that future total wars would necessitate a strengthened industrial and military capacity. Their ranks primarily included promising graduates from the Imperial Japanese Army (IJA) Academy, Army Staff College, and select naval members. The most significant distinction between the two factions was that the Toseiha explicitly rejected the use of a coup d'état in pursuit of their goals.   Between 1932-1936 radical officers, mostly of the Kodoha faction assassinated politicians and military leaders trying to usher in a showa restoration. You might be led to believe this was in the interest of Hirohito, you would be mistaken. Hirohito did not want a military dictatorship at the whim of the cult of the emperor. Ironic to say, given how WW2 turns out mind you. This really would have been a hostage situation. Hirohito wanted to maintain the exact ambiguous situation that was Showa Era Japan pre 1945. He saw this as the most ideal structure to defend the kokutai, because blame could not be placed solely upon his shoulders. He always maintained a get out of jail free card one could say.    The February 26 incident of 1936, was the climax of the Kodoha faction. They performed a mutiny trying to usher in a SHowa restoration. They assumed when their messenger came to the emperor he would join them and take direct rule. Instead Hirohito was furious. His first thought was the mutineers were trying to enlist his brother Chichibu to overthrow him. He dragged his brother who was a fraternizer amongst the kodoha members mind you, into a meeting, demanding he never associate with them again nor attempt to challenge him. Then Hirohito furious demanded the mutineers be dealt with. At one point he even threatened to lead the imperial guards to put them down. The coup failed, the kodoha faction was destroyed. Ironically the toseiha faction were the ones to do it and thus they became the defacto ruling clique.    The military, especially the kwantung army did not stop with their insubordination.    On July 8th of 1937 the Kwangtung army performed the Marco Polo Bridge incident, ushering in the second sino-japanese war. This was one of many false flag operations they had pulled off over the years. Upon being told about this Hirohito's first response was whether the USSR would invade Manchukuo over the matter. This is what he said to Prime Minister Konoe and army minister Sugiyama “What will you do if the Soviets attack us from the rear?” he asked the prince. Kan'in answered, “I believe the army will rise to the occasion.” The emperor repeated his question: “That's no more than army dogma. What will you actually do in the unlikely event that Soviet [forces] attack?” The prince said only, “We will have no choice.” His Majesty seemed very dissatisfied. Hirohito furious demanded to know what contingency plans existed and his advisors told him before he gave his red seal of approval to invade northern china.   Henceforth he micromanaged a lot of the military decisions going forward and he oversaw the forming and dissolving of numerous cabinets and positions when things went his way or did not in the military and political scene.  Emperor Hirohito was presented with several opportunities to cause cease-fires or peace settlements during the war years. One of the best possible moments to end it all came during the attack on Nanking when Chiang Kai-sheks military were in disarray. On July 11 of 1938, the commander of the 19th division fought a border clash with the USSR known to us in the west as the battle of Lake Khasan. It was a costly defeat for Japan and in the diary of Harada Kumao he noted Hirohito scolded Army minister Itagaki “Hereafter not a single soldier is to be moved without my permission.” When it looked like the USSR would not press for a counter attack across the border, Hirohito gave the order for offensives in China to recommence, again an example of him deciding when to lay down the hammer.   By 1939 the US began threatening sanctions for what Japan was doing in China. Hirohito complained to his chief aide de camp Hata Shunroku on August 5th “It could be a great blow to scrap metal and oil”. Hirohito was livid and scolded many of his top officials and forced the appointment of General Abe to prime minister and demanded of him “to cooperate with the US and Britain and preserve internal order”.   Fast forward a bit, with war raging in Europe Hirohito, on June 19th of 1940 Hirohito asked if chief of staff Prince Kan'in and Army Minister Hata “At a time when peace will soon come in the European situation, will there be a deployment of troops to the Netherlands Indies and French Indochina?” This question highlighted Hirohito's belief at that time that Germany was close to achieving victory, which led him to gradually consider deploying troops to French Indochina and the Dutch East Indies since neither of those parent nations was in a position to protect their territories and vital resources. Regarding the war in China, the Japanese aimed to stop the flow of materials entering China from places like Hong Kong. Hirohito received reports indicating that Britain would not agree to block the shipment of materials into China via Hong Kong. The military recognized that an invasion of Hong Kong might be necessary, which would mean declaring war on Britain. When this was communicated to him, Hirohito responded, “If that occurs, I'm sure America will enforce an embargo, don't you think?” In response, Kido, the lord of the privy seal, reassured him by stating, “The nation must be fully prepared to resist, proceeding with caution and avoiding being drawn into events instigated by foreign interests.”   Hirohito went through countless meetings, but eventually signed order number 458 authorizing the invasion of French Indochina, knowing full well the consequences. The US,UK and Netherlands began embargoes of oil, rubber and iron. In the words of Admiral Takagai “As time passes and this situation continues, our empire will either be totally defeated or forced to fight a hopeless war. Therefore we should pursue war and diplomacy together. If there is no prospect of securing our final line of national survival by diplomatic negotiations, we must be resolved to fight.” Hirohito understood the predicament full well, that each day Japan was wasting its oil reserves, if they were to strike it had to be quickly.   On October 13th Hirohito told his closest advisor Koichi Kido “In the present situation there seems to be little hope for the Japan–U.S. negotiations. If hostilities erupt this time, I think I may have to issue a declaration of war.”   The reason I am bringing up all this stuff is to solidify, Hirohito had agency, he was micromanaging and forming decisions. After the war broke out with the west, Hirohito did have the ability to stamp his foot down. Of course there could have been wild repercussions, his military could have usurped him with Chichibu, it was definitely possible. But you need to keep this mind set, as far as why Hirohito acts or doesn't, its always to protect the Kokutai. Thus one of the levers for peace, solely rested on Hirohito's perception if the kokutai could be retained or not.    From the outset of the Pacific War, Hirohito believed Germany was going to defeat the USSR. In line with his military leaders, they all believed Japan had to seize everything they could in the asia-pacific and thwart off the US until a negotiated peace could be met. Hirohito committed himself to overseeing the war, determined to achieve victory at any cost. He was a very cautious leader, he meticulously analyzed each campaign, anticipating potential setbacks and crafting worst-case scenario predictions. He maintained a skeptical view of the reports from his senior officials and was often harshly critical of high commanders.   While he did not frequently visit the front lines like other commanders in chief, Hirohito wielded significant influence over theater operations, shaping both planning and execution whenever he deemed necessary. Similar to his approach during the war in China, he issued the highest military orders from the Imperial Headquarters, conducted audited conferences, and made decisions communicated under his name. He regularly welcomed generals and admirals to the imperial palace for detailed briefings on the battlefront and visited various military bases, battleships, and army and naval headquarters. His inspections encompassed military schools and other significant military institutions, adding to his comprehensive involvement in the war effort.   Now the war went extremely well for Japan until the battle of Midway. This was as major setback, but Japan retained the initiative. Then the Guadalcanal campaign saw Japan lose the initiative to the Americans. Upon receiving the initial report of the Ichiki detachment's destruction, Hirohito remarked, “I am sure it [Guadalcanal] can be held.” Despite the numerous reports detailing the devastating effects of tropical diseases and starvation on his troops, he persistently demanded greater efforts from them. Hirohito exerted continuous pressure on his naval and land commanders to retake the island. On September 15th, November 5th, and November 11th, he requested additional Imperial Japanese Army (IJA) troops and aircraft to be allocated to the cause.   General Sugiyama expressed concerns about dispatching more IJA pilots due to their inexperience in transoceanic combat, preferring to reinforce the North China Army for an attack on Chongqing instead. Hirohito pressed the issue again, but Sugiyama responded that the IJA had diverted its air resources to New Guinea and Rabaul. Undeterred by the objections from senior commanders, Hirohito persisted in his demands. By late November, it became evident that Guadalcanal was a lost cause.   At an Imperial Headquarters conference on December 31st, 1942, the chiefs of staff proposed canceling the attempts to recapture Guadalcanal. Hirohito sanctioned this decision but stated, “It is unacceptable to just give up on capturing Guadalcanal. We must launch an offensive elsewhere.” He insisted on this point, leading to the selection of new strategic targets in the Solomons, north of New Georgia, and in the Stanley Range on New Guinea. Hirohito even threatened to withhold authorization for withdrawing troops from Guadalcanal until a new plan was established. He later opposed the withdrawal from Munda Airfield, as it contradicted the newly defined defensive line.   As the defensive perimeter in the central and northern Solomons began to crumble, Hirohito continued to insist that the navy engage in decisive battles to regain the initiative, allowing for the transport of supplies to the many soldiers trapped on various islands. When he learned of the navy's failure to reinforce Lae on March 3rd, he asked, “Then why didn't you change plans immediately and land at Madan? This is a failure, but it can teach us a good lesson and become a source of future success. Do this for me so I can have peace of mind for a while.” The phrase “Do this for me” would come to be his signature rallying cry.   After Guadal canal, it was loss after loss for Japan. By February of 1944, Hirohito forced Sugiyama to resign so Hideki Tojo could take his position as chief of the general staff, note Tojo was prime minister and army minister at this point. Hirohito worked alongside Tojo to plan some last ditch efforts to change the war situation. The most significant one was Operation Ichi-Go. As much damage as they did to China with that, Chiang Kai-Shek's government survived. Hirohito watched as island by island fell to the Americans. When the Americans were poised to take Saipan he warned Tojo “If we ever lose Saipan, repeated air attacks on Tokyo will follow. No matter what it takes, we have to hold there.” Saipan fell, so Hirohito stopped supporting Tojo and allowed his rivals to take down his cabinet by june 18th of 1944.    Hirohito remained resolute in his determination to wrest victory from the Allies. On October 18th, the Imperial Headquarters ordered a decisive naval engagement, leading to the Battle of Leyte Gulf. After the war, Hirohito publicly stated, "Contrary to the views of the Army and Navy General Staffs, I consented to the showdown battle at Leyte, believing that if we launched an attack and America hesitated, we might find an opportunity to negotiate." Leyte Gulf didnt work. The military began the kamikaze program. On new years day of 1945 Hirohito inspected the special last meal rations given to departing kamikaze units. Iwo Jima fell. Okinawa remained, and Hirohito lashed out “Is it because we failed to sink enemy transports that we've let the enemy get ashore? Isn't there any way to defend Okinawa from the landing enemy forces?” On the second day of Okinawa's invasion Hirohito ordered a counter landing by the 32nd army and urged the navy to counterattack in every way possible. It was a horrible failure, it cost the lives of up to 120,000 Japanese combatants, 170,000 noncombatants. The Americans lost 12,500 killed and 33,000 wounded. An absolute bloodbath.    The Surrender time   Now we come to the time period where Japan seriously began looking for ways to surrender. In Europe Germany was heading to its defeat and Japan knew this. As for Japan, their army in Burma had been annihilated. Their forces in China were faring better after Operation Ichi-go, having opened up a land corridor along the main railway from Beiping to Wuhan and from throughout Guangdong but still stuck in a deadlock stalemate, facing a guerrilla war that was costing them 64% of their military expenditures. They deeply feared once the Soviets finished up with Germany, they would undoubtedly turn east against Manchuria. With the Soviets attacking from the north, the US would attack from the south, perhaps landing in Shanghai and the home islands. The Kamikaze tactics were proving formidable, but not nearly enough. By 1945, 43% of the IJA were now stationed in Japan, Korea and Formosa, bracing for the final stand. Former prime minister Reijiro Wakatsuki came out of retirement in may of 1945, having heard Germany collapsed, to urge Hirohito and the Prime Minister Kantaro Suzuki to open negotiations with the US as soon as possible. However he also said “the enemy must first be made to see the disadvantages of continuing the war”. To this Hirohito's chief counselor Makino Nobuaki said that “the ultimate priority is to develop an advantageous war situation.” Advisor admiral Kesiuke Okada said Japan should wait for “a moment favorable for us,” then make peace. Advisors Kiichiro Hiranuma and Koki Hirota advised the emperor to fight on until the end.   Now I want to bring in a key player to the surrender decision, that of Prince Konoe. Konoe was very close to Hirohito and understood the emperors mentality, especially how he viewed things in relation to the kokutai.    The senior statesman Prince Konoe had been consulting with Hirohito for over 18 months at this point trying to convey the message that if the war continued it would threaten the kokutai. Many months prior, he confided in the emperor's brother, Prince Takamatsu, that the army was suffering from “a cancer” in the form of the Toseiha faction. However, he noted that “Kido and others” did not share his perspective, while “his Majesty is relatively unconcerned with ideological issues.” For the past four years, he continued, the emperor had been advised and still believed that “the true extremists are the Kodoha faction.” In reality, the greater threat to the kokutai arose from the Toseiha faction. Konoe further asserted that if the war escalated, they would attempt to alter the kokutai.   Konoe speculated that whether the threat originated from communists within the nation, primarily referring to left-wing radicals in the Toseiha faction, or from the “Anglo-American enemy,” both would seek to preserve the emperor while pushing towards the country's communization.In his written report to the emperor on February 14, which Kido listened to attentively, Konoe elaborated on his conspiracy theory. He asserted that the Soviet Union regarded Japan as its primary threat in East Asia. The Soviets had allied with the Chinese Communists, the largest and most formidable Communist party in Asia, and were collaborating with the United States and Britain to drive Japan out of China. He warned that they would enter the war when the opportunity arose.   Defeat, he cautioned the emperor, was inevitable if the conflict persisted. However, he emphasized that a far greater fear was the potential destruction of the kokutai. The ongoing war was eroding the domestic status quo, unleashing forces that threatened Japan and its imperial institution from within as much as from external adversaries. The real danger lay in the emperor's and Kido's trust in the generals of the Toseiha faction, who were unintentionally facilitating the communization of Japan. Konoe implored for a swift peace settlement before a Communist revolution emerged, making the preservation of the kokutai impossible. Hirohito agreed with Konoe but stated “ To end the war would be “very difficult unless we make one more military gain.” Konoe allegedly replied, “Is that possible? It must happen soon. If we have to wait much longer, . . . [a mere battle victory] will mean nothing.” Hirohito replied “If we hold out long enough in this war, we may be able to win, but what worries me is whether the nation will be able to endure it until then.”   On February 15th of 1945, Hirohito's intelligence warned the Soviet Union would likely abrogate its Neutrality Pact with Japan. Even Tojo conceded there was a 50/50 chance the USSR would invade Manchuria. In March, the US began B-29 incendiary bombing raids over Tokyo, turning 40% of the capital into ash. On March 18th, Hirohito with some aides drove around the capital to witness the devastation. The civilians looked exhausted and bewildered to Hirohito. Factory production was collapsing, absenteeism was rising, instances of lese majeste were running rampant. For the next 5 months imperial family members and senior statesmen all began speaking to Hirohito about the “crises of the kokutai”. The threat Konoe had warned about for months was becoming the main talking point. It seemed like the Japanese people within the countryside and urban areas remained steadfast in the resolve to obey their leaders, work and sacrifice for their nation, but for how long would they feel so?    It was only after the battle for Okinawa was lost and 60 Japanese cities had been leveled by American incendiary bombs that Hirohito openly indicated he wanted to negotiate a surrender.   Kido's diary reveals the first clear indication that the emperor might be urged to consider an early peace on June 8, 1945, when Kido drafted his “Draft Plan for Controlling the Crisis Situation.” This marked a pivotal moment. It followed the unintentional bombing of the Imperial Palace, the complete loss of hope for saving Okinawa, and coincided with the day the Supreme War Leadership Council adopted the “Basic Policy for the Future Direction of the War.” With the fighting in Europe concluded, Japan found itself entirely isolated. Kido's plan, although vague, proposed seeking the Soviet Union's assistance as an intermediary to help Japan gain leverage in negotiations with its adversaries. By drafting this plan, Kido signaled the end of his long alliance with the military hard-liners. Hirohito's acceptance of it indicated his readiness for an early peace.   Hirohito was moved to an underground bunker in the mountains of Matsushiro in Nagano prefecture where upon those around him noted he fell into a deep depression. On June 22nd  Hirohito informed the Supreme War Leadership Council he wanted them to open diplomatic maneuvers to end the war. In early July Soviet Ambassador Jacob Malik broke off inconclusive talks with Hirota. Hirohito stepped in immediately and ordered a new special envoy be sent to Moscow. However Hirohito nor the Suzuki government had concrete plans on how to mediate a surrender through the Soviets. The only things they did prioritize was a guarantee of the emperors political position and retainment of the imperial system, ie the kokutai. This was taken into consideration rather than ending the war as quickly as possible to save the lives of millions.    From April 8, 1945, until Japan's capitulation, the Suzuki government's chief war policy was “Ketsugo,” an advanced iteration of the “Shosango” (Victory Number 3) plan for defending the homeland. The hallmark of this strategy was a heavy reliance on suicide tactics, including deploying a massive number of kamikaze “special attack” planes, human torpedoes launched from submarines, dynamite-stuffed “crash boats” powered by truck engines, human rocket bombs carried by aircraft, and suicide assaults by specially trained ground units.   While preparations for Operation Ketsu progressed, the Imperial Diet convened on June 9 to pass a Wartime Emergency Measures Law, along with five additional measures aimed at mobilizing the entire nation for this final battle. On the same day, the emperor, who had yet to initiate efforts to end the war, issued another imperial rescript in conjunction with the Diet's convocation, instructing the nation to “smash the inordinate ambitions of the enemy nations” and “achieve the goals of the war.” Concurrently, the controlled press launched a daily die-for-the-emperor campaign to foster gratitude for the imperial benevolence and, from around mid-July onward, initiated a campaign to “protect the kokutai.”   The Americans countered with their own propaganda aimed at breaking Japan's will to fight. B-29 bombers dropped millions of leaflets written in Japanese, announcing the next scheduled targets for bombing raids and urging surrender, while using the emperor to challenge the militarists. Leaflets bearing the chrysanthemum crest criticized the “military cliques” for “forcing the entire nation to commit suicide” and called on “everyone” to “exercise their constitutional right to make direct appeals [for peace] to the Emperor.” They asserted that “even the powerful military cliques cannot stop the mighty march for peace of the Emperor and the people.” One notable batch of seven million leaflets conveyed the terms of the “joint declaration” issued by the United States, Great Britain, and China. “Today we come not to bomb you,” they stated. “We are dropping this leaflet to inform you of the response from the United States government to your government's request for conditions of surrender.... Whether the war stops immediately depends on your government. You will understand how to end the war if you read these two official notifications.”   Amid pressures from imperial edicts to continue preparations for a final battle and focus solely on victory, the Japanese people were also subjected to an intense American psychological warfare campaign in addition to aerial bombardment. During late July and August, prefectural governors, police chiefs, and officers of the “special higher police” submitted reports to the Home Ministry detailing the rapidly deteriorating national morale.    Now on the other side, Roosevelt made it known back in January of 1943 at the Casablanca conference, the allies would only accept unconditional surrender. By 1945, the allies understood the predicament this left Japan with. On May 8th of 1945, Truman added “Japan's surrender would not mean the extermination or enslavement of the Japanese people” trying to indicate a non vindictive spirit. However the Kokutai question always remained ambiguous. State Department Joseph Grew, the former ambassador to Japan, began arguing to Truman they needed to make public a clear definition of the terms to persuade Japan to surrender. As he argued to Truman: Emperor Hirohito was seen as the key figure in Japan's surrender, likened to a "queen bee in a hive... surrounded by the attentions of the hive." Throughout the war, he was characterized in various ways—as a “puppet” of the militarists, a constitutional monarch, and a pacifist. Grew had immense faith in the influence exerted by what he referred to as the “moderates” surrounding the Japanese throne.    However many of Grew's colleagues argued the future existence of the monarchy was intolerable as it was akin to fascism. Many wanted to punish the emperor. Truman was in a tug of war. The Potsdam declaration issued on July 26th of 1945 came in the form of a ultimatum aiming to quicken japans surrender. Truman clarified the terms for the unconditional surrender at the end of its terms: "We call upon the government of Japan to proclaim now the unconditional surrender of all Japanese armed forces, and to provide proper and adequate assurances of their good faith in such action. The alternative for Japan is prompt and utter destruction." Zero mention of the emperor. Grew had argued to add “this may include a constitutional monarchy under the present dynasty.” But it was deleted from the article. The status of the emperor was not guaranteed, the kokutai was thus up in the air.    The next day, the Suzuki cabinet rejected the terms. The Japanese leadership and Hirohito were still banking and awaiting Soviet replies to their terms.    Lets talk about the Soviet talks now   Back on July 12th ambassador Naotake Satō sent this message to the Soviets: “His Majesty the Emperor, mindful of the fact that the present war daily brings greater evil and sacrifice upon the peoples of all the belligerent powers, desires from his heart that it may be quickly terminated. But so long as England and the United States insist upon unconditional surrender, the Japanese Empire has no alternative but to fight on with all its strength for the honor and existence of the Motherland”.  However the Soviets had made commitments to their allies, promising in fact to invade Japan to aid them.    As for the Soviets their primary objective was to ensure unrestricted access to the Pacific Ocean. The year-round ice-free areas of the Soviet Pacific coastline, particularly Vladivostok, could be blockaded by air and sea from Sakhalin Island and the Kurile Islands. Securing these territories to guarantee free access to the Soya Strait was their main goal. Secondary objectives included acquiring leases for the Chinese Eastern Railway, the Southern Manchuria Railway, as well as gaining control over Dairen and Port Arthur.   To achieve these aims, Stalin and Molotov prolonged negotiations with the Japanese, creating a false sense of hope for a Soviet-mediated peace. Simultaneously, in their discussions with the United States and Britain, the Soviets insisted on strict adherence to the Cairo Declaration, which had been reaffirmed at the Yalta Conference. This declaration stipulated that the Allies would not accept a separate or conditional peace with Japan; thus, the Japanese would need to surrender unconditionally to all the Allies. The Soviets aimed to prolong the war by opposing any efforts to dilute this requirement. This approach would provide the Soviets with the necessary time to complete the transfer of their troops from the Western Front to the Far East and to conquer Manchuria, Inner Mongolia, northern Korea, South Sakhalin, the Kuriles, and potentially Hokkaidō, starting with an assault on Rumoi. AUGUST 1945   Thus we come to at last the critical point, August of 1945.    The Americans prepared for the deployment of atomic bombs and for an invasion of southern Kyushu, known as Operation Olympic, scheduled to commence on November 1. At 8:15 A.M. on August 6, a single B-29 bomber, the Enola Gay dropped little boy, devastating much of the undefended city of Hiroshima, instantly killing an estimated 100,000 to 140,000 people and leading to the deaths of possibly another 100,000 over the next five years. At the epicenter of the explosion, “a light appeared 3,000 times brighter than the sun,” creating a fireball that emitted thermal radiation capable of “instantly scorching humans, trees, and houses.” As the air heated and rushed upward, cold air surged in to ignite a firestorm. Hours later, a whirlwind escalated the flames to their peak until more than eight square miles were virtually reduced to cinders. Subsequently, black, muddy rain filled with radioactive fallout began to fall. Two days later, using Japan's rejection of the Potsdam Declaration as a pretext, the Soviet Union declared war on Japan. Then on August 9, the United States dropped a second atomic bomb on Nagasaki, resulting in the immediate deaths of approximately 35,000 to 40,000 people and injuring more than 60,000.   Meanwhile, in Tokyo, during the critical period between the Potsdam Declaration and the atomic bombing of Hiroshima, Emperor Hirohito remained silent about accepting the Potsdam terms. However, on July 25 and 31, he explicitly conveyed to Kido that the imperial regalia must be defended at all costs. The three sacred objects—a mirror, a curved jewel, and a sword—symbolized the legitimacy of his rule through the northern court and were integral to his identity as the divine sovereign. Hirohito's focus was on protecting these symbols of office, as he insisted on having them brought to the palace. This fixation on maintaining his symbols occurred during a pivotal moment when the pressing issue was whether to accept immediate capitulation. Reflecting on this, he was unprepared to seize the opportunity to end the war himself.   Prime Minister Suzuki, following his initial rejection of the Potsdam ultimatum, also saw no need for further action. His Cabinet Advisory Council, which included the president of Asano Cement, the founder of the Nissan consortium, the vice president of the Bank of Japan, and other representatives from the nation's leading business interests that had profited significantly from the war, convened on the morning of August 3. They recommended accepting the Potsdam terms, arguing that the United States would permit Japan to retain its non-military industries and continue participating in world trade.    Here are some reactions to the two bombs and invasion of Manchuria.    Yonai Mitsumasa said to admiral Takagi Sokichi, on August 12, that “I think the term is perhaps inappropriate, but the atomic bombs and the Soviet entry into the war are, in a sense, gifts from the gods [tenyu, also “heaven-sent blessings”]. This way we don't have to say that we quit the war because of domestic circumstances. I've long been advocating control of our crisis, but neither from fear of an enemy attack nor because of the atomic bombs and the Soviet entry into the war. The main reason is my anxiety over the domestic situation. So, it is rather fortunate that we can now control matters without revealing the domestic situation”.    Konoe's characterized the Soviet involvement in the war as “a godsend for controlling the army,”. Kido viewed of both the atomic bombings and the Soviet entry into the conflict as “useful” elements for ensuring a smooth transition. A nascent power struggle was unfolding, rendering the potential death toll—whether one hundred thousand or two hundred thousand—immaterial to those involved, as long as their desired outcome was achieved: an end to the war that would leave the monarchy intact and capable of managing the discontent that defeat would inevitably provoke. Throughout the final acts of this wartime drama, the Japanese “moderates” found it easier to capitulate to external pressures than to take decisive action on their own to conclude the war.   Another illuminating looks at Japan's elite's perspective on surrender terms was the document titled “Essentials of Peace Negotiations” (wahei kosho no yoryo). Drafted by Konoe and his adviser, retired Lt. Gen. Sakai Koji, after Konoe had reluctantly accepted a mission to Moscow, this document, stipulated the preservation of the emperor system, along with most of the imperial prerogatives, as the absolute minimum condition for peace. It defined the “original” or “essential homeland” as including the southern half of the Kurile Islands but showed a willingness to concede all overseas territories to the enemy, including Okinawa and the American-occupied Bonin Islands, as well as the southern half of Sakhalin. The “Essentials” also accepted complete disarmament for an unspecified period, thereby compromising on the issues of demobilizing and disarming the armed forces. More significantly, an “explanation” attached to the “Essentials” emphasized that “the main aim is to secure the imperial line and maintain the political role of the emperor.”    Why Japan surrendered   We come to it atleast after a long podcast. Why did Japan ultimately surrender?   The twin psychological shocks of the first atomic bomb and the Soviet entry into the war, combined with Kido's and the emperor's concern over escalating public criticism of the throne and its occupant, fueled an almost paranoid fear that, sooner or later, the populace would react violently against their leaders if the war persisted much longer. These factors ultimately led Hirohito to accept, in principle, the terms of the Potsdam Declaration.   At the first meeting of the six member constituents of the Supreme War Leadership Council, held from 10:30 A.M. to 1:00 P.M. on August 9, Army Minister Anami Korechika, Chiefs of Staff Umezu Yoshijiro, representing the army, and Yonai, representing the navy, along with Tōgō, from the Foreign Ministry, were expected to discuss the acceptance of the Potsdam Declaration. Instead, the conversation revolved around whether to attempt a conditional surrender—specifically, should they insist on one condition, the preservation of the kokutai, or four?   After Suzuki addressed the assembly regarding the atomic bombing of Hiroshima and the Soviet attack, Yonai, as recounted by Navy Chief of Staff Toyoda, was the first to speak, framing the issue in terms of four conditions. “Let's start to talk, Do we accept the Potsdam Declaration with no conditions? If not, and we wish to insist on attaching hopes and conditions, we may do so this way. First, preservation of the kokutai; then for the rest, the main items in the Potsdam Declaration: treatment of war criminals, method of disarmament, and the matter of sending in an army of occupation.” Thus, the participants identified what they perceived to be the ambiguous points within the Potsdam Declaration and used them as the foundation for their discussions.   The army insisted on four conditions: First, the preservation of the kokutai, which they considered distinct from the Potsdam Declaration itself. The other conditions proposed were, second, that the Imperial Headquarters assume responsibility for disarmament and demobilization; third, a prohibition on occupation; and fourth, the delegation of the punishment of war criminals to the Japanese government. The army equated the kokutai with the emperor's right of supreme command. Their self-serving desire for autonomous war crimes trials was based on the belief that the Allies would use such trials to politically indict the military. Consequently, army leaders aimed to preempt the activities of any international tribunal by conducting their own trials—similar to the approach taken by the uninvaded and unrepentant Germans after World War I.   Supporting the military's views during cabinet meetings that day were three civilian members of the Suzuki cabinet: Justice Minister Matsuzaka Hiromasa, Home Minister Yasui Toji, and Minister of Health Okada Tadahiko. At the imperial conference that night, which extended into the early hours of the tenth, Foreign Minister Tōgō's interpretation of the “preservation of the kokutai” referred solely to the safeguarding of the Imperial House or dynasty, rather than the continuation of Hirohito's reign.   Hiranuma, another advocate for the single condition, interpreted the kokutai as the “emperor's sovereign right to rule the state [not] deriving from national law. Even if the entire nation is sacrificed to the war, we must preserve both the kokutai and the security of the imperial house.” This discrepancy illustrated that there was no completely unified understanding of what the kokutai entailed; the debate over one condition versus four represented conflicting visions for the future of the Japanese state and masked the competition for political power that was already unfolding.   It remains doubtful whether the emperor and Kido initially sided with Tōgō against the four conditions proposed by the senior military leaders. A more likely inference is that both men retained sympathies for the hardliners, both military and civilian, who preferred to continue the futile war rather than surrender immediately and unconditionally. This may explain why, on August 9, Konoe had Hosokawa Morisada approach Navy General Headquarters to urge the emperor's brother, Prince Takamatsu, to pressure Hirohito (through Kido) to accept the Potsdam terms. Later that afternoon, Konoe enlisted the help of diplomat Shigemitsu Mamoru to persuade Kido to reconsider his stance on the four conditions. Ultimately, at the urging of Takamatsu and Shigemitsu, Kido did shift to support Tōgō's position.   At the end of the war, as at its beginning and throughout every stage of its progression, Emperor Hirohito played a highly active role in supporting the actions carried out in his name. From the very beginning of the Asia-Pacific war, the emperor played a significant role in the unfolding events around him. Prior to the Battle of Okinawa, he consistently advocated for a decisive victory. Afterward, he acknowledged the necessity of pursuing an early peace, although he did not favor an immediate cessation of hostilities. Instead, he wavered, steering Japan toward ongoing warfare rather than direct negotiations with the Allies. When the final crisis fully unfolded, the only option left was unconditional surrender. Even then, he continued to procrastinate until the atomic bomb was dropped and the Soviets launched their attack. The wartime emperor ideology that once sustained morale made it exceedingly difficult for Japan's leaders to accept the act of surrender. Aware of their objective defeat, yet indifferent to the suffering the war inflicted on their own people—as well as on the populations of Asia, the Pacific, and the West whose lives they had disrupted—the emperor and his military leaders sought a means to lose without appearing to lose. They aimed to mitigate domestic criticism following surrender while preserving their power structure.   Blinded by their fixation on the fate of the imperial house and committed to an overly optimistic diplomacy toward the Soviet Union, Japan's leaders missed several opportunities to end their lost war. Would Japan's leaders have surrendered more promptly if the Truman administration had “clarified” the status of the emperor before the cataclysmic double shocks of the atomic bomb and the Soviet entry into the war? Probably not. However, it is likely they would have surrendered to prevent the kokutai from being destroyed from within. The evidence suggests that the first atomic bomb and the Soviet declaration of war led Hirohito, Kido, and other members of the court to believe that continuing the war would inevitably result in that destruction. They recognized that the populace was war-weary and despondent, with rising hostility toward the military and the government, accompanied by increasing criticism of the emperor himself. More specifically, Kido and Hirohito were privy to Home Ministry reports, which contained information from governors and police chiefs nationwide. These reports indicated that citizens were beginning to label the emperor as an incompetent leader responsible for the deteriorating war situation.   This is the third variable, never spoken about. Many first look at the atomic bombs. Bigger brain people turn to the Soviet Invasion of Manchuria. But hardly anyone reads about how the collapse of Japan's social fabric, scared the shit out of the Emperor and his closest advisors. You can't have a kokutai, without a populace that worshiped you.    When the emperor expressed in February, “What worries me is whether the nation [could] endure” long enough to achieve victory, he was not merely voicing concern for the suffering of his subjects; rather, he feared that such suffering could lead to social upheaval—in short, revolution. At that time, he referred to the ordinary, war-related hardships of food shortages, air raids, devastated cities, destruction of homes, and the omnipresent grief from the loss of loved ones. The atomic bomb escalated death, pain, and suffering to unimaginably higher levels, intensifying the threat from within. After the bombings of Japan and two atomic bombs, Hirohito was in a dark way, given a golden get out of jail free card. Hirohito could now save his suffering people from further anguish by surrendering, allowing him to deflect responsibility for leading them into misery while adopting an air of benevolence and care. Indeed, Hirohito did care—though not primarily for the Japanese people, but rather for the survival of his own imperial house and throne.   After the bombing of Hiroshima, Hirohito delayed for a full two days before instructing Kido, shortly before 10 A.M. on August 9, to “quickly control the situation” because “the Soviet [Union]” had declared war. Kido immediately communicated with Prime Minister Suzuki, who began arrangements for an Imperial Conference scheduled for later that night. Following the seidan of August 10, Chief Cabinet Secretary Sakomizu took charge of drafting the “Imperial Rescript Ending the War” based on Hirohito's directives. Assisted by two scholars of the Chinese classics, Kawada Mizuho and Yasuoka Masahiro, Sakomizu worked tirelessly for over three days before submitting a version of the rescript to the Suzuki cabinet. After six hours of contentious discussion on the night of August 14, the cabinet modified and approved the document. Hirohito promptly signed it, and Shimomura and Kido persuaded him to record a suitably opaque final version for broadcast to the nation.   On the night of August 14, the Suzuki government notified the United States and other Allied nations that it had accepted both the Potsdam Declaration and the Byrnes letter of August 11. Accelerating the emperor's actions during this climactic moment of the unconditional surrender drama was the American psychological warfare campaign. When a leaflet dropped from B-29 bombers came into Kido's possession on the night of August 13 or the morning of the fourteenth, he conferred with the emperor and explained the gravity of the situation. The latest enemy leaflets were informing the Japanese people of the government's notification of surrender under one condition, along with the full text of Byrnes's response. If this continued, it would undermine the imperial government's reliance on secrecy to obscure the true nature of the lost war and the reasons for the prolonged surrender delay.   Given Kido's and the emperor's concerns about rising signs of defeatism, including criticism of the throne, immediate action was necessary to prevent the populace from acting on their own initiative. Thus, the second seidan was convened. At noon on August 15, the Japanese people gathered around their radio receivers and heard, for the first time, the high-pitched voice of their emperor telling them:    “After pondering deeply the general trends of the world and the actual conditions obtaining in Our Empire today, We have decided to effect a settlement of the present situation by resorting to an extraordinary measure. We have ordered Our Government to communicate to the Governments of the United States, Great Britain, China and the Soviet Union that Our Empire accepts the provisions of their Joint Declaration. To strive for the common prosperity and happiness of all nations as well as the security and well-being of Our subjects is the solemn obligation which has been handed down by Our Imperial Ancestors and which lies close to Our heart. Indeed, We declared war on America and Britain out of Our sincere desire to ensure Japan's self-preservation and the stabilization of East Asia, it being far from Our thought either to infringe upon the sovereignty of other nations or to embark upon territorial aggrandizement. But now the war has lasted for nearly four years. Despite the best that has been done by everyone—the gallant fighting of the military and naval forces, the diligence and assiduity of Our servants of the State, and the devoted service of Our one hundred million people—the war situation has developed not necessarily to Japan's advantage, while the general trends of the world have all turned against her interest. Moreover, the enemy has begun to employ a new and most cruel bomb, the power of which to do damage is, indeed, incalculable, taking the toll of many innocent lives. Should we continue to fight, not only would it result in an ultimate collapse and obliteration of the Japanese nation, but also it would lead to the total extinction of human civilization. Such being the case, how are We to save the millions of Our subjects, or to atone Ourselves before the hallowed spirits of Our Imperial Ancestors? This is the reason why We have ordered the acceptance of the provisions of the Joint Declaration of the Powers... The hardships and sufferings to which Our nation is to be subjected hereafter will be certainly great. We are keenly aware of the inmost feelings of all of you, Our subjects. However, it is according to the dictates of time and fate that We have resolved to pave the way for a grand peace for all the generations to come by enduring the unendurable and suffering what is unsufferable”.   Clearly Hirohito sought to justify his decision to surrender by citing the dropping of the atomic bombs. He wanted to become the saviour of the Japanese people. Hirohito wanted to obfuscate the issue of accountability, to prevent expressions of strife and anger and to strengthen domestic unity around himself, to protect and raise the kokutai.  Interestingly, the surrender declaration to the civilian population was not the same one sent to the military. On August 17th Hirohito issued a second “rescript to soldiers and sailors” throughout the asia-pacific.   “ Now that the Soviet Union has entered the war against us, to continue . . . under the present conditions at home and abroad would only recklessly incur even more damage to ourselves and result in endangering the very foundation of the empire's existence. Therefore, even though enormous fighting spirit still exists in the Imperial Navy and Army, I am going to make peace with the United States, Britain, and the Soviet Union, as well as with Chungking, in order to maintain our glorious national polity”.   The lesser-known August 17 rescript to the army and navy specified Soviet participation as the sole reason for surrender, while maintaining the kokutai as the primary aim. Dissembling until the end—and even beyond—it was noted that the emperor presented two different justifications for his delayed surrender. Both statements were likely true.   Months later Hirohito's said this about his decision to surrender “The main motive behind my decision at that time was that if we . . . did not act, the Japanese race would perish and I would be unable to protect my loyal subjects [sekishi—literally, “children”]. Second, Kido agreed with me on the matter of defending the kokutai. If the enemy landed near Ise Bay, both Ise and Atsuta Shrines would immediately come under their control. There would be no time to transfer the sacred treasures [regalia] of the imperial family and no hope of protecting them. Under these circumstances, protection of the kokutai would be difficult. For these reasons, I thought at the time that I must make peace even at the sacrifice of myself.”    There exists this sort of childish argument today whether it was the atomic bombs or the Soviet Invasion that caused Japan to surrender. However, this overlooks as I think I've explained in 9000 words jeez, the influence of the kokutai. Defending the kokutai was Hirohito's number one priority. The Soviets threatened it. Communism threatened it. What Japan perceived to be “democracy” threatened it. American victory threatened it. And the destruction of Japan's social fabric threatened it. I love this one piece of history, that I have only come across in one book, that being the main one I am using here.   On August 12th, Hirohito came to the imperial family to tell them he had made the decision to surrender. His uncle Prince Yasuhiko Asaka asked him whether the war would be continued if the kokutai could not be preserved. Hirohito replied “of course”.

Read the article here: https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/30494826251325474

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#4035 (88.95% 501 left): Dec. 31 2024: On moonlight bushes whose dewy leaflets are but half-disclosed (E.H.Coleridge from Sep. 2, 2024) Today's pure primal piano music here. Happy if this music makes you feel peaceful.. : ) Looking for absolute natural beauty every day for Piano Ten Thousand Leaves. Target number is 4536: This piece may might have good 1/f fluctuation characteristic although I stopped investigating it each piece. CONTENT: daily "Piano Ten Thousand Leaves" movie Youtube PLAYLIST https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLIo6A8vorVT3q25jUK8Jr3v0nIloQAf3x New Content: daily "Piano Ten Thousand Leaves" Movie here. https://youtu.be/jDvDBZKYOLA?si=hr_5i6HTaCu06WJ6 https://youtu.be/UFVogOG0urQ?si=AzUM77S-NxAavJDu https://youtu.be/SBHy32mYEUE?si=U78rik_4v3zlOpuw https://youtu.be/jX0eEL8fDuI?si=iHKwgP30rUSFGVqs https://youtu.be/uJqRVg0TqEM?si=J5m1eJpnPQQ4gP7E https://youtu.be/NfEk9_buEO0?si=iz4JXZxnybuvQPzm https://youtu.be/GyYdph65a2k?si=ts2hyX-OXK3ibht6 https://youtu.be/0owQ-2Jg57g?si=CCWlJ-ZKAGx2_equ https://youtu.be/hvn_pGf3suM?si=k4WEeul2zfdAm_Fv https://youtu.be/LnEeCGwd3sg?si=MMTLaBDytrBct1uO https://youtu.be/Am3TkLmr1BY?si=q9un36e8R6Y1XAim https://youtu.be/v4mrH5R704k?si=sttl8-857qlDmf84 https://youtu.be/A1gSpX0BSTk?si=vY8f9EQkbYbanH_W https://youtu.be/Kmv3OsX23tQ?si=kDrPOV41ekFx9csf https://youtu.be/4VsCYv3sGso?si=wCP2UM4T1xzntYJU ********** My new message: "Does it make sense to preserve it for 1000 years? Today's cover ART is created by #Midjourney (Art Generating #AI), according to my wish. Happy if you like it. spotify playlist 18 hours 449 songs, makes you fully relaxed. https://open.spotify.com/playlist/0RCxA8SaySzoFzpQmTCLfo?si=92c44191513340ff Recent My Weekly Video Magazine of piano ten thousand leaves https://youtu.be/yCCufZCMnDQ?si=pLt98vOleJcioH-m Weekly Piano Ten Thousand Leaves Magazine ; super beautiful video .. https://youtu.be/nn5_M4Nrvhg?si=N7hL_xrnDqc46si_ ====== Piano Ten Thousand Leaves - Tweets Creation Note: An epic story of wandering music creation https://a.co/d/0RN78Ga ( 1.36US$ #amazon #kindle, #Paperback also available: 20.11US$) ====== I'm now making Archive site of Piano Ten Thousand Leaves project by utilizing #wordpress. Basically nice direction I've already gotten.. : ) Currently 1100 pieces already achieved. But this week I need to do something else, so I'm going to stop this task for a bit. ######## NEW 28th SELECTION ALBUM JUST RELEASED ######## "Forest in Moon Light" - the 28th selection album of piano ten thousand leaves youtube: FULL VIDEO with 20 full songs in very high quality sounds https://youtu.be/CwTVgfDHCn4?si=1QktmBR1FEGA-tQH spotify https://open.spotify.com/intl-ja/album/1RxJBVCU5vdt5O6kGUMbnv?si=hLjW3kbTThegEBOjgTHUbw appleMusic https://music.apple.com/jp/album/forest-in-moon-light/1773383143 amazonMusic https://amazon.co.jp/music/player/albums/B0DJVSVF5K?marketplaceId=A1VC38T7YXB528&musicTerritory=JP&ref=dm_sh_V1XCbECO4uUYzRVs8apKAEEBl all music streaming services: https://linkco.re/SYNa3ueY?lang=en

Editor's note: Starting Nov. 21, our full-length episodes with special guests will only be available to NK News subscribers. This shift allows us to invest in bringing you top-quality interviews, exclusive insights and a more comprehensive NK News experience. Listeners who sign up before Nov. 30 pay just $1 for their first month, then get 50% off for the next 12 months. Visit nknews.org/join to subscribe and get access to daily news and analysis, as well as special invites to webinars and events. North Korea's troop deployment to support Russia's invasion of Ukraine appears to be moving quickly, with NATO confirming on Monday that DPRK soldiers are already in the Kursk region near the Ukrainian border. NK News Lead Correspondent Jeongmin Kim joins the podcast to discuss the latest developments in the story, including the possibility that South Korea will send “offensive weapons” or military experts to Ukraine. She also discusses North Korea's final report on alleged South Korean drone intrusion and the DPRK's scattering of “anti-South Korea leaflets” across Seoul for the first time in years.  About the podcast: The North Korea News Podcast is a weekly podcast hosted by Jacco Zwetsloot exclusively for NK News, covering all things DPRK — from news to extended interviews with leading experts and analysts in the field, along with insight from our very own journalists.

Today's HeadlinesTensions rising as North Korea blows up South Korea links; troops reported in RussiaIn response to opposition, Indonesian believers pray for open doorsTeamwork brings gospel booklets deep into Peru

Canadian journalist Nora Loreto reads the latest headlines for Tuesday, September 17, 2024.TRNN has partnered with Loreto to syndicate and share her daily news digest with our audience. Tune in every morning to the TRNN podcast feed to hear the latest important news stories from Canada and worldwide.Find more headlines from Nora at Sandy & Nora Talk Politics podcast feed.Help us continue producing radically independent news and in-depth analysis by following us and becoming a monthly sustainer.Sign up for our newsletterLike us on FacebookFollow us on TwitterDonate to support this podcastReferenced articles:Story 1 - Toronto pepper spray, assault and arrest protesters who showed up at a UJA event featuring an active IDF soldier and Bari Weiss.Story 2 - London Police hired Navigator to help them pass a massive budget increase. Story 3 - Lori Idlout triggers a national debate after six First Nations people are killed by police in just two weeks. Story 4 - A Canadian has been sentenced to death in the DRC over the attempted coup from a few months ago.Story 5 - Israeli army says that they did not authorize leaflets dropped into Lebanon that told residents to evacuate or be considered a terrorist.

Yasmeen Altaji gives a round-up of today's trends

All residents of Gaza City have been told by the Israeli military to evacuate south to the central Gaza Strip, as operations in the north intensify. Leaflets were airdropped on the city instructing "everyone" to leave. Medcial Coordinator Marina Pomares speaks to Cormac from Gaza.

What's going on with the dodgy bar charts that political parties put on constituency campaign leaflets?What's the truth about tax promises?Are 100,000 oil workers going to lose their jobs in Scotland?Will class sizes increase in state schools if private schools increase their fees?Tim Harford investigates some of the numbers in the news.Presenter: Tim Harford Reporter: Kate Lamble Producers: Nathan Gower, Beth Ashmead-Latham, Debbie Richford Production coordinator: Brenda Brown Sound mix: Neil Churchill Editor: Richard Vadon

This Morning's Headlines 1. Memorial Day speech 2. Leaflets to North Korea 3. Medical tensions 4. Act-Geo press conference 5. Designation withheld

The latest episode of Never Mind The Bar Charts saw a return for the Professor of Political Leafleting, the Lady of the Leaflets, Professor Caitlin Milazzo. She's one of the top experts on what election candidates put in their leaflets and why. So just the person to talk with as even more leaflets are headed to people's letterboxes for the general election. Show notes The Open Elections website. How are political leaflets changing (and do they work)? - previous podcast with Caitlin Milazzo. Negative campaigning in political leaflets: what the evidence says - previous podcast with Caitlin Milazzo. Perceived Negativity in British General Election Communications by Caitlin Milazzo and John Ryan. Personal, policy and partisanship: Understanding voter reactions to campaign negativity by Alan Duggan, Caitlin Milazzo, Harry Applestein and John Ryan. Theme tune by Hugo Lee. New to listening to podcasts? Here are some tips on how to listen to podcasts. Check out some of this show's most popular previous episodes. Enjoy the show? Spread the word Share the show's website, www.NeverMindTheBarCharts.com.

Social experiment - I'm not going to explain anything about this episode in this blurb but the interesting thing is, it's STILL more informative than some of these election leaflets doing the rounds

Today's HeadlinesNorth Korea launches balloons of filth into South KoreaApologetics training helps Iranian Christians answer tough questionsHowtoLife Movement mobilizes Gen Z for Jesus

Listener of the show John got in touch to share how sick he is of political leaflets in the post, calling them unsolicited mail.It begs the question, are they too much? And should they be banned?John and other listeners join Andrea to discuss.

Welcome to Pocket-Sized Podcasting, brought to you by Alitu: The Podcast Maker. And on this episode, we’re talking about flyers and leaflets. Paper or card flyers are one of the oldest marketing tools out there. And even in this age of social media and digital communication, we still see them everywhere. You’ll no doubt regularly get them through your door, find them scattered on tables, or pinned to community noticeboards. Using flyers to advertise your podcast can be an effective marketing strategy, if done correctly. They can get your show in front of potential listeners in an eye-catching and tangible way. They can tempt these potential listeners into finding out more, by offering a clear problem-solution relevant to your content. So have a think about how or where you might be able to use flyers in a way that’ll fit with your topic or target audience. Is this something that might help you reach more potential podcast listeners? Thanks very much for listening to Pocket-Sized Podcasting. And, for a deeper dive on this topic, head on over to [thepodcasthost.com/advertising](http://thepodcasthost.com/advertising)

Miles Rudland joins James George, Jonathan Woods and James Hughes this week to chat Leaflets, Lettings & The Power Of Collaboration. Make sure you follow Miles on instagra,: https://www.instagram.com/milesrudlandproperty/

Have Focus leaflets had their day? In an age of less printed material, is the Focus now more important than ever?Sam, Richard and John discuss why the Focus leaflet should still be in your campaign armoury, what essential elements make up a good Focus leaflet and the best ways of delivering them.Keep up to date with the LibDem Podcast on Instagram, Facebook & Twitter - @LibDemPodPlease like & subscribe to the channel on YouTube as well as through your podcast provider so you never miss an episode.If you want to support the show why not join our Patreon exclusive service at: www.patreon.com/libdempodThanks for listeningThe Lib Dem Podcast

Leaflets Dropped At Australian Open https://7news.com.au/sport/tennis/australian-open-brought-to-a-halt-by-rogue-free-palestine-protestor-during-alexander-zverev-win-c-13318128 #peoplearerevolting twitter.com/peoplerevolting Peoplearerevolting.com movingtrainradio.com

1) Israeli leaflets incite Gaza residents to spy on Hamas leaders The Israeli army has dropped leaflets over besieged Gaza, inciting displaced Palestinians to spy on Hamas leaders. Leaflets state that individuals offering information will be rewarded financially, with the amounts specified as follows: Yahya Sinwar at $400,000, Muhammed Sinwar at $300,000, Rafaa Salameh at $200,000, and Mohammed Deif at $100,000. 2) Türkiye condemns Israeli soldiers' provocation at a mosque in West Bank The Turkish Foreign Ministry spokesperson Oncu Keceli has slammed Israeli soldiers for performing Jewish rituals inside a mosque in the occupied West Bank. Keceli expressed strong condemnation on social media, urging that such attacks on Muslim holy places be halted immediately. He called for the severe punishment of those responsible for such provocations. Keceli concluded his remarks with, 'The region needs more peace, not more violence.' 3) Turkish President Erdogan says Washington's withdrawal of its support for Israel would ensure a quick ceasefire President Recep Tayyip Erdogan has urged an immediate ceasefire in Gaza during a phone call with President Joe Biden on Thursday night. He suggested that a swift ceasefire could be achieved if the US withdraws its unconditional support for Israel. Erdogan emphasised the historical responsibility of the US to promptly achieve a lasting ceasefire in the region. *) Russia's Putin says there will be no peace in Ukraine until Russia achieves its goals Russian President Vladimir Putin, addressing the Russia-Ukraine war in a year-end news conference, declared that peace in Ukraine is contingent upon the realisation of the Kremlin's unchanged goals after nearly two years of conflict. He dismissed the idea of a second wave of reservist mobilisation, a widely unpopular proposal in Russia. Putin mentioned that approximately 617,000 Russian soldiers are currently deployed in Ukraine, with around 244,000 called up to support professional military forces. *) Pope Francis urges global treaty on AI ethics for a safer future Pope Francis, in a six-page message released ahead of the Catholic Church's World Day of Peace on January 1, has urged global leaders to adopt a treaty regulating the ethical use of artificial intelligence. The 86-year-old pontiff acknowledged the positive impact of technological advances but cautioned against the risks posed by AI. He also emphasised concerns related to disinformation, election interference, and the blurred responsibility in decision-making, ranging from social security payments to weapon targeting.

Welcome to the Hot Topics podcast from NB Medical with Dr Neal Tucker. In this episode, we talk to Prof Hazel Everitt, a GP and lead author of a recent Lancet paper exploring whether amitriptyline is effective for IBS, and where it might fit in to general practice management.We also look at research in the Lancet on treating hand osteoarthritis with methotrexate - what's the rationale and does it work? - plus a BMJ paper on using a patient information leaflet to improve lower urinary tract symptoms in men. Are PILS better than pills? ResourcesLancet ATLANTIS paper on IBS & amitriptylineATLANTIS trial website with patient informationGut journal CBT for IBS National Institute for Health and Care Research - how to get involvedNIHR Local research groups - how to get involvedLancet Methotrexate for hand OA with synovitisBMJ Leaflets for LUTSwww.nbmedical.com/podcast

Communications with Gaza are mostly cut off because of a lack of fuel to power the system there. Israel is pressing its invasion in the north, and the IDF discovered the body of one of the 240 hostages held by Hamas. Her remains were found near Al Shifa hospital, the main medical center in northern Gaza. Leila Molana-Allen reports. PBS NewsHour is supported by - https://www.pbs.org/newshour/about/funders

Communications with Gaza are mostly cut off because of a lack of fuel to power the system there. Israel is pressing its invasion in the north, and the IDF discovered the body of one of the 240 hostages held by Hamas. Her remains were found near Al Shifa hospital, the main medical center in northern Gaza. Leila Molana-Allen reports. PBS NewsHour is supported by - https://www.pbs.org/newshour/about/funders

RR The Wire 2330Z October 21, 2023 PRECEDENCE: ROUTINE RRDTG: 233021Z OCT 23ICOD: 230021Z OCT 23CONTROLS: Public ReleaseQQQQBLUF: ISRAEL CONTINUES TO MANDATE EVAC OF NORTHERN GAZA.-----BEGIN TEARLINE------International Events-Middle East Front: Israeli forces continue to drop leaflets urging a total evacuation of northern Gaza. Leaflets indicate that Israel will likely consider any person north of Wadi Gaza to be a threat. Israeli officials express concern with what is likely to become the Northern Front upon the invasion of Gaza. Local reports indicate small convoys carrying humanitarian aid have crossed the Rafah border crossing, with the Red Crescent taking the lead in distribution of aid resources. How much aid has been distributed is not currently known.Saudi/Iranian relations deepen following talks to impose sanctions on Israel. Sporadic drone attacks continue to target US military bases throughout the Middle East.Europe: Pro-Palestine demonstrations continue to grow in size and severity. In London today, over 100,000 protestors rallied to show support for Palestine.-HomeFront-USA: POL markets tighten as uncertainty in the Middle East impacts crude prices. Perhaps more significantly, OPEC members continue to cut production by 1.3 million BPD. Border Crisis: The US reports a total of 2.47 million encounters for FY 2023, which is the highest number of illegals encountered since records began.-Analyst Comments-While the world awaits Israel's next move, the Arab world is making moves of their own. Saudi Arabia and Iran, two nations which have historically had an icy relationship have experienced a thawing of tensions. Though no confirmation can be obtained, reportedly the IRGC Quds Force commander, BG Ismail Qa'ani has arrived in western Syria to coordinate the various pro-Iranian militant groups staged on the Israeli border. Though the veracity of this reporting cannot be judged, this would be another sign of preparations being made with the expectation of this conflict rapidly expanding. From the nation-state level, down to individual tribes, it is possible that many Islamic groups are putting aside their differences for the time being in order to focus on a common enemy: Israel and the nations that support her. These factors will play a role in everything from economics to general street violence as groups align with their historic allies, and even forge new temporary alliances as well.-----END TEARLINE-----Analyst: S2AEND REPORTNNNN

Leaflets about sex education which have recently been distributed in Dublin have included misleading claims about changes to the Social, Personal and Health Education curriculum. The leaflets make a number of claims about the curriculum, which is in the process of being updated by the Government. Siobhan O'Higgins, co-lead on the national Active consent programme, and research fellow in the school of Psychology in the University of Galway and Eric Nelligan, secondary school teacher and Aontú Education Spokesperson joined Kieran to discuss...

On this episode we have Dom Raban, the CEO of Xploro, a digital therapeutics platform. As a result of his daughter developing and then beating cancer as a child, he was inspired to create the company to help young people better understand their health condition. The platform uses augmented reality, games, chatbots, and AI to deliver health content to children and young adults in a more meaningful way. This improves satisfaction and health outcomes. Learn about his design background, developing the product, the key features and research, expanding into world markets, and how they plan to bring the product to adults. On the show, you'll find out: How Dom began his career in design and UX in the 80s How his daughter's cancer diagnosis inspired the development of Xploro How noticing his daughter's resistance to treatment was a consequence of little to no age-appropriate information How Xploro's uses 3D avatars to improve a child's care & understanding How games, gamification and AR can help a children's familiarity with their diagnosis and treatment How Xploro's content is based on research into improved prognosis based on informed patients How content is created in partnership with children and medical professionals How their subscription fee is based on content configuration and not number of users The differences between the US and the UK market in patient care The future of the product for both children and young adults into 2024 Guest: Dom Raban Website: https://www.xploro.health/ Host: Dr Vinay Shankar Website: https://www.oncedaily.co

John Bowman of BEL Childcare tells PJ that parents want more childcare spaces. He wants to supply them. But staff find it impossible to get a place to live. Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

The latest episode of Never Mind The Bar Charts saw a return to the show for Professor Caitlin Milazzo, one of the county's top experts on political leaflets - what goes into them why and with what effect. This time we discussed her new research into negative campaigning in leaflets. Show notes “Going on the offensive: Negative messaging in British general elections” by Alan Duggan and Caitlin Milazzo. The Open Elections website. How are political leaflets changing (and do they work)? Caitlin Milazzo's previous appearance. Caitlin Milazzo on Twitter. Theme tune by Hugo Lee. New to listening to podcasts? Here are some tips on how to listen to podcasts. Check out some of this show's most popular previous episodes. Enjoy the show? Spread the word Follow the show on Twitter. Share the show's website, www.NeverMindTheBarCharts.com.

A Whiff Of Brexit Noztalgia -The Strange Mole Show S03E08 - Easter Weekend 2023   You can't sniff at this episode, oh no, we have more problems in the UK than kid's getting high of Noz. We have a Corrupt, Fascist Tory Government who are doing everything they can to hide the fact they are Tories.   From Deleting "Tory" or any mention of "The Conservative Party" from thier Twitter Bios, to Leaflets that are Printed GREEN ffs. Green? The Party that encourages Water Companies to Pollute British Waterways. That allows Energy companies to Profit more while we suffer. The party that wants Fracking, that has done Nothing to "Insulate Britain"   They are Tories, Corrupt to the Core and The Strange Mole Show isn't fooled by their Weapons of Mass Distraction, Dead Cat Stories and False Outrage about people getting high on Noz, while the Houses of Parliament washrooms are covered in Columbian Marching Powder, or some of their Own Tory members are up to their necks in Coke.   Of course, they say "It wasn't like this in My Day"   Yeah, it was. But never before has a Tory Government been quite so determined to destroy the country for the sake of greed, Maggie T was horrible, but she wasn't incompetent.   PLEASE Share, Comment, Spread the Love.    ------ PLEASE CAN YOU HELP? We really enjoy making this show, we do it on Zero budget and there's things we need to help make our lives easier. Holy Mole writes, Edits and Performs on a Laptop that wouldn't look out of place in a 90s Museum and He really needs a New One with some processing power. Do you have a Spare Laptop, PC or even a MAC spare that will do the job? We would be very grateful. Sorry to ask but we are still struggling to make ends meet. Augusta really needs a Mic for her singing and a mic/pickup for her piano. Chrissie wants a nice young stud who's loaded. Chris Doc Strange just needs some sunshine and a back rub. If you fancy buying us a Coffee, you can do that here https://ko-fi.com/strangemoleshow   Oh and if you would like to Advertise with us for a Great Package of extras, get in touch with us on Twitter (Yes, still using it)   Enjoy the show, it's all we have.   Please tell your friends about us.   www.StrangeMole.co.uk        @StrangeMoleShow Written by Holy Mole Performed by  Chrissie Grech    Holy Mole   Chris Doc Strange & @AugustaLees

In Episode 43, Julian interviews Melvyn Anderson about his life as an East-End antique dealer. He talks about His upbringing. Melvyn was born in Stepney in the East End of London His time running a rough London pub. How he became an antique dealer.  His impulsiveness, including the houses and boats he purchased because it seemed a good idea at the time.His life and experience in the USA. Other Show NotesLearn more about how America's culture developed in Julian Bishop's High, Wide, and Handsome.Available here to buy as a paperback, ebook, or audiobookExcerpts, reviews, and more available hereConnect with Julian via:FacebookInstagramTwitterLinkedInConnect with Michael viaTwitterLinkedIn

Welcome to Pocket-Sized Podcasting, brought to you by Alitu: The Podcast Maker. And on this episode, we're talking about flyers and leaflets. Paper or card flyers are one of the oldest marketing tools out there. And even in this age of social media and digital communication, we still see them everywhere. You'll no doubt regularly get them through your door, find them scattered on tables, or pinned to community noticeboards. Using flyers to advertise your podcast can be an effective marketing strategy, if done correctly. They can get your show in front of potential listeners in an eye-catching and tangible way. They can tempt these potential listeners into finding out more, by offering a clear problem-solution relevant to your content. So have a think about how or where you might be able to use flyers in a way that'll fit with your topic or target audience. Is this something that might help you reach more potential podcast listeners? Thanks very much for listening to Pocket-Sized Podcasting. And, for a deeper dive on this topic, head on over to [thepodcasthost.com/advertising](http://thepodcasthost.com/advertising)

Viel passiert in den letzten Wochen und Monaten, seitdem ich intensiv über E-Autos und deren Entwicklungen geschrieben habe. Neue Modelle wurden angekündigt, neue Markteintritte von chinesischen Marken und beliebte Modelle sind mittlerweile bis ins Jahr 2024 hinein ausverkauft. Autopapst Dudenhöffer erwartet einen Käuferstreik und Rückgabe bestellter Fahrzeuge wegen den verringerten Prämien ab 2023. Neue Ideen, die plötzlich Realität werden und laden so schnell wie tanken werden lassen. Also, ein Rückblick auf die letzten Wochen, allerdings ohne Vollständigkeit - und ein kleiner Ausblick bis zum Jahresende... los gehts! Das schönste E-Auto 2022: der HYUNDAI IONIQ 6! /Bild-/Quelle: hyundai.de Es ist viel passiert in den letzten Wochen und Monaten, legen wir gleich mal los: ŠKODA hat wohl mit dem ENYAQ den Zeitgeist und den Markt der Kunden voll getroffen: "Wer heute ein E-Auto bei Skoda bestellt, muss mit einem Liefertermin tief im Jahr 2024 rechnen", so wird Thomas Peckruhn, seines Zeichens Vorsitzender des ŠKODA Händlerverbands, in der Automobilwoche zitiert. Dabei hatte ŠKODA vor ein paar Tagen erst bekannt gegeben, dass die aktuellen Wochenproduktionszahlen von 350 Stück zu Beginn des nächsten Jahres auf 500 Stück hochgefahren werden. Gleichzeitig verweist der Autobauer aber weiterhin auf den Chipmangel, der nicht jedes Ausstattungspaket, zum Beispiel, die 360 Grad Kamera und den Einparkassistenten, lieferbar macht. Umso unverständlicher aus meiner Sicht, wenn man sich die Autobauer aktuell ansieht, wie - gefühlt - im Wochentakt ein neues E-Auto nach dem nächsten dem Markt präsentiert wird. Es ist ja nicht so, dass man eine Chipfertigung einfach mal schnell über Nacht in seinen Produktionshallen aufbauen und im Eigenbetrieb übernehmen kann...! In dem Kontext aber vielleicht ein kleiner Hoffnungsschimmer von unserem deutschen Autopapst, Prof. Dudenhöffer. Er wird im Handelsblatt (Paywall) zitiert, dass auf die aktuelle Wartezeiten ein Käuferstreik folgen wird, der auch Rückgaben und Abbestellungen von E-Autos zur Folge haben wird. Und warum das Ganze? Weil im Jahr 2023 die staatliche Subvention von 6.000 auf 4.5000 Euro sinkt. Was aber Dudenhöffer auch klar, als auch andere Kritiker der aktuellen Marktlage klar hervorheben: wenn die E-Entwicklung so weiter geht, wird ein Großteil der Gesellschaft mobil abgehängt, da sich der klassische Mittelstand kein neues Fahrzeug leisten kann, dass erst mit 40.000 € beginnt. Böse gesagt ist, wenn unser Autopapst recht behält, das ab kommenden Jahr die Chance, endlich schnell an nicht sein, sondern ein E-Auto zu kommen. Und vielleicht noch mit kleiner weiterer Rabattchance, wenn die Händler dann die gelieferten Fahrzeuge mit zusätzlichem Rabatt vom Hof haben wollen. Ich bin sehr gespannt, wie die Entwicklung weitergeht, erwarte persönlich aber die Folgen nicht so drastisch und je Marke vielleicht auch gar nicht, wie sie im Handelsblatt-Artikel dargestellt werden. Aber, mal sehen, wie die Verkaufszahlen des neuen ŠKODA ENYAQ RS (Link zum ENYAQ, aktuell noch nicht auf der Webseite gelistet) ausfallen. Damit hat der tschechische Hersteller beide Modelle der E-Linie nun auch als Rennsemmel mit RS ab Heck im Angebot. Preise und Termine sind aktuell noch unbekannt, im Vergleich dazu, das Coupe RS startet bei knapp unter 62.000 Euro und kommt mit 299 PS und 180 km/h Spitze mit der bekannten 82 kW Batterie. Ich muss gestehen, meins wäre es nicht, da killt die Doppel-Motorkombi wahlweise ungenutzt durch Gewicht oder im Einsatz durch die hohe Geschwindigkeit, gepaart mit einem Gewicht um die zwei Tonnen, zu viel Akku. Aber Freunde an Geschwindigkeit, die nicht wie ich hart auf Anschlag 130 jetzt noch im Verbrenner unterwegs sind, haben nun die Auswahl zwischen dem ergonomischen Coupe und demnächst auch dem echten großen Kofferraum. Aber es gibt auch ein paar Markteintritte. Wem das Thema Tankstopp wirklich eine Herzangelegenheit ist und eben nicht mit 30 Minuten an einem Supercharger zu vergleichen ist, dem sei ein Blick auf den chinesischen Hersteller NIO empfohlen. Und wenn die Hauptstadt sonst zu nichts Nutze ist, immerhin hat sie bereits eine vollautomatische Batteriewechselstation von NIO in Betrieb. Zeitdauer unter drei Minuten. Und weiter geht es mit einem vollen Akku. Ich würde mal sagen, das toppt jede Tankpause! Ja, das ist etwas, dass ich mir vor Ort noch ansehen möchte. Hört sich vielversprechend an, aktuell muss der Early Adaptor dafür, also für den Wagen, noch jede Menge Geld hinlegen. Der ET7 ist echt schick und endlich mal kein verkappter Crossover oder SUV, nein, es ist eine echte Limousine! Und die Idee, die Autos in Deutschland nur als "Leihgabe" zu verleasen hat sich auch erledigt, man wird sie auch kaufen können. Aber mit knapp 70.000 Euro ist das Auto eine Hausnummer - leider sind für die beiden kleineren Modelle, ET5 und EL7 noch keine Preise bekannt. Und noch eine Chinese, der sich auf den deutschen Markt wagt: BYD, besser gesagt, Build your dreams. In China einer der wenigen vom Staat gepemperten Automobilhersteller, der mittlerweile fast das erste Mal schwarze Zahlen schreiben könnte. Und auch er kommt gleich mit drei Modellen nach Deutschland. Und vor allem mit einem flächendeckenden Händlernetz quer durch die Bundesrepublik. Die drei Modelle heißen HAN, TANG und ATTO. Ein SUV, ein kleiner SUV und ein Crossover-Auto. Aber, den YouTube-Videos ist zu entnehmen, dass die Ausstattung und die Qualität des Innenraums sich nicht hinter deutschen Marken verstecken muss. Mal sehen, was der Markt dazu sagt. Preise, für mich trotz allem die erste Quelle, konnte ich selbst über die offizielle Seite und den dort ladbaren "Leaflets" nicht finden. Schade, eigentlich. Aber die Daten der Fahrzeuge müssen sich definitiv weder in Reichweite noch in Akkuleistung verstecken - daher wäre der Preis für mich doppelt interessant - neben der Lieferzeit. FIAT hat beschlossen, dem beliebten "500" keinen Verbrenner mehr nachkommen zu lassen. Die aktuelle Linie läuft aus bzw. ist ausgelaufen, es wird ab Werk nur mehr die fancy und auch stylische 500er-E-Linie geben. Macht nichts, die ist im Markt auch sehr beliebt, wenn ein Kleinwagen gesucht wird. Und in dem Kontext gibt es aus dem STELLANTIS-Konzern, in dem nun auch FIAT aufgegangen ist, steile Ziele: bis 2027 soll hier kein Verbrenner mehr in einem FIAT-Modell stecken. Bleibt nur zu hoffen, dass die eFiats die Macken und das schlechte Image der Verbrenner nicht mitübernehmen und somit zum Liebling der Werkstätten werden. Zu meiner Zeit stand FIAT noch für "Fehler in allen Teilen", mal gucken, was die E-Community hier draus macht - und ob der Hersteller den Erwartungen auch an die kommenden Fahrzeuge qualitativ und preislich gerecht wird. DAT, die Deutsche Automobil Treuhand, hat eine Umfrage unter E-Auto-Besitzern gestartet, mit dem panischen Ergebnis, dass sich alle vor teuren Werkstatt-Besuchen fürchten. WAS? Wo kommt das denn her? In einem Verbrenner gab es 12.000 bewegliche Teile, die alle nur darauf gewartet haben, maximal-möglichsten Schaden anzurichten, wenn ihre Zeit gekommen ist. Beim E-Auto gibt es zu, so sage ich mal, 90 Prozent fixe Teile, wo soll kommt da diese Befürchtung her? Ist das wieder die Panik vor dem Neuen? Spuck den E-Motor im Jahr ein paar Tropfen Öl entgegen, dann hast du die nächsten Jahrzehnte keine Sorgen. Die Umfrage müsst ihr echt googlen, die ist wirklich voller Gegensätze! Und zum Schluss zum schönsten E-Auto des Jahres: dem HYUNDAI IONIQ 6. Ihr wisst oder habt es hier und heute rausgehört, ich bin kein Fan von diesen SUVs. Ich bin, als es noch Kuhfänger vorne dran gab, Jeep gefahren. Nicht den US-Hersteller mit dem gleichnamigen Firmennamen, sondern eben einen anderen Jeep. Mit zuschaltbarem 4-Wheel-Drive. Und abschaltbarem bzw. manuell zuschaltbarem Differential. DAS war ein Jeep. Nicht diese 2+-Tonner heute, die für den meisten Feinstaubabrieb an ihren 21-Zoll-Reifen schuld sind! Und dann kommt mit HYUNDAI endlich ein Hersteller um die Ecke, der auch keinen "Crossover", also eine Käfer-Karosse auf einen SUV-Unterbau setzt und das Auto nennen - nein, HYUNDAI hat mit dem IONIQ 6 das schönste Auto des Jahres gebaut. Und Betonung hier auch wirklich auf: AUTO! Nicht SUV, nicht Modewort oder sonstiger Bullshit. Ein echtes geiles E-Auto! HYUNDAI IONIQ 6 Innenraum - ein großes Bisschen E-Luxus / Bild-/Quelle: HYUNDAI Im Innenraum die wunderbare Aufteilung des Displays in die Fahrereinheit und die Bedienung der Systeme als auch des gesamten Innenraums. Und, als kleines Schmankerl, die auf einen niedrigen cw-Wert einzahlende Außenspiegel-freie Spiegelkameratechnologie. Geiler Arsch beim 6er! / Bild-/Quelle: HYUNDAI Und das schön abfallende Heck mit der hier im Bild leider nicht zu erkennenden Schürze - Zucker, Baby! Bleibt nur zu hoffen, dass die Gerüchte stimmen, dass der Wagen auf ähnlicher preislicher Basis wie der IONIQ 5 kommt, so um die 45.000 Euro machen aus dem Wagen sicherlich einen neuen und auf Jahre ausverkauften Lieblingswagen der Deutschen! Ich habe seit einem bewussten Mietwagenerlebnis mit einem HYUNDAI i20 Sport ein Auge auf den Konzern und auch die Schwestermarke KIA geworfen, was mit der E-Offensive noch spannender wird. Jetzt wenn HYUNDAI noch liefern kann und keine Ausstattungsmerkmale wegen Chipmangel absagen muss, lasst mich wissen, wann und wo ich den Wagen bestellen kann! Ich hatte der Pressestelle noch eine Anfrage geschickt, vielleicht ergibt sich da noch was, dann kann ich euch vielleicht mehr aus erster Hand sagen! Mich würde es freuen! BONUS: Als Rauswerfer: Die Wallbox zu Hause ist endlich da - ohne Prämie und nur an den PV-Zellen, das hat leider auch Nachteile! So, bevor ich euch alle für heute mit dieser geballten Infopower entlasse, noch ein Ding in eigener Sache: Der Hauptstadt-Vermieter hat ja den Vorteil der nicht-bestätigten unter Denkmalschutz stehenden Häuserfront und mir daher den Antrag auf Installation einer Wallbox abgesagt. Aber zu Hause ist die Wallbox endlich gekommen. Über die Wartezeit reden wir jetzt nicht (12+ Monate) und auch, dass wir sie letztlich selbst bezahlt haben, da bei den zuständigen Stellen weder für privat noch gewerbliche Anbieter Budget übrig war. Egal, sie ist da. Und da das Haus und seine im Laufe der Jahre gewachsenen Stockwerke eine "normale" Verkabelung mit Anschluss an den Sicherungskasten ermöglicht haben, haben wir von der PV-Anlage ein Kabel direkt an die Wallbox gezogen. Das hat nun den Vorteil, dass es bei Sonne direkt auf die Naturleistung zugreift und kein Strom für das Laden zugekauft werden muss. Nachteil ist, dass die Anlage knapp 11 kW bringt, was auch die Ladeleistung entsprechend bremst und nicht 22 kW als Maximum ermöglicht. Für einen schnellen Ausflug in die Heimat mit einem hoffentlich in 2023 zu liefernden E-Auto sollte man sich also auf die Wallbox nicht verlassen. Wenn die Sonne nicht mehr ausreicht, regelt die Box in Absprache mit der Hardware vom Dach ganz schnell auf 4 kW runter, da kommen in einer Stunde knapp 20 Kilometer auf den Tacho. Da macht es Sinn, fünf Kilometer zum Schnelllader zu fahren und hier in 30 Minuten den Akku vollzuladen. Sollten aber die kommenden Hochsommer wieder so Sonnen-reich bleiben, wie der 2022, dann sieht es gut aus, tagsüber die 11 kW in den Akku zu blasen - wenn denn das E-Auto endlich geliefert wird. Ich sammle dann wieder weiter und in gut einem Monat kommt die nächste E-Auto-News- und -Zusammenstellung zu euch! PodCast abonnieren: | direkt | iTunes | Spotify | Google | amazon | STOLZ PRODUZIERT UND AUFGENOMMEN MIT Ultraschall5 Folge direkt herunterladen

Children sent home from school, the return of Flybe, anti-vax leaflets at school, Green Living Grant & volunteer drivers and telephonists needed. It's Mannin Line with Andy Wint #iom #manninline #manxradio

This episode includes updates on our project to update our suite of Safety Sense Leaflets and the work that has gone into the temporary airspace restrictions for the Commonwealth Games.Flying in CloudA recent AAIB investigation has highlighted the importance of being properly qualified to fly in cloud. Our podcast and animation cover the safety guidance and resources that pilots should be aware of. Flying in CloudCarbon monoxide project - CODEWe discussed before our current CAA project on Carbon Monoxide. Recently published data reports are available on the CAA website at:Carbon monoxide in general aviation Safety Sense LeafletsOur new suite of Safety Sense Leaflets is taking shape. You can access these on the CAA website.Commonwealth GamesAeronautical Information Service - NATS to sign up for NOTAMNATS UK | Aeronautical Information Circulars (AICs) (ead-it.com) – for AI Circularshttps://airspacesafety.com/ EventsWWGC2022 | The Womens World Gliding Championships 2022Light Aircraft Association (LAA) RallySkyWiseTo subscribe to SkyWise visit http://skywise.caa.co.uk/Contact usTo get in touch please email GApodcast@caa.co.uk

Ex-MHKs payoffs, Southern Swimming Pool, anti-meat leaflets, vegetarianism, assisted dying, aggressive cats & TT speed limits. It's Mannin Line with Andy Wint #iom #manninline #manxradio

Episode 101   is the second episode in season two of JFK The Enduring Secret.  We begin our wander this season with an in depth review of Lee Harvey Oswald, the principal character in the JFK assassination from the government's point of view.  Instead of starting  with the early years,  we begin our understanding of  the accused assassin  by listening to the only extended recording of Oswald that exists.  Some three months before the assassination, Oswald was involved in a scuffle after handing out  leaflets  on a street corner in New Orleans. Leaflets that were  in support of the Fair Play for Community Committee a pro Castro organization. That incident led to an opportunity just about a week later to participate in two different radio interviews conducted by New Orleans radio station WDSU.  Episode 100 covers the background and the show which aired on April 17th, 1963 and episode 101 covers the second show which aired a few days later on August 21st.   Join us for the whole series of episodes about the fantastic goings on that encompass this part of the JFK story.   Our episodes have now begun  to explore  an array of matters that  dive into a deeper  darkness  related to what  went on that day in Dallas and in the  period before and after the assassination.  Matters   that possibly point  to a  wider  and more sinister  plot to kill the president and  that clearly call into question the theory that there was a  lone assassin.   Complex cases without  an eyewitness that can actually identify the shooter make the forensic and circumstantial evidence that much more important.  Ironically, problems abound with much of the evidence in this case. Evidence that is complex, incomplete and sometimes conflicting. Even as early as 1964, rumors and serious concerns over  the lone gunman theory and the evidence that might contravene it,  were becoming a major concern for the government and the commission. Conspiracy theories were contrary to the government's stated narrative from the very beginning. Stay tuned as there are many more episodes to come!This series comprehensively explores the major facts,  themes, and  events leading up to the assassination in Dealey Plaza and the equally gripping stories surrounding the subsequent investigation. We  review  key elements of the Warren Commission Report , and the role of the CIA and FBI. We explore the  possible involvement of the Mafia in the murder and the review of that topic by the government's House Select Committee on Assassinations in the 1970's. We explore the Jim Garrison investigation and the work of other key figures such as Mark Lane and others. Learn more about Lee Harvey Oswald the suspected killer and Jack Ruby the distraught Dallas night club owner with underworld ties and the man that killed Oswald as a national TV audience was watching.  Stay with us as we take you through the facts and theories in bite sized discussions that are designed to educate, and inform as well as entertain the audience. This  real life story is more fascinating than fiction. No matter whether you are a serious researcher or a casual student, you will enjoy the fact filled narrative and story as  we relive one of the most shocking moments in American History. An event that changed the nation and changed the world forever.

Episode 100   is the first episode in season two of JFK The Enduring Secret.  We begin our wander this season with an in depth review of Lee Harvey Oswald, the principal character in the JFK assassination from the government's point of view.  Instead of starting  with the early years,  we begin our understanding of  the accused assassin  by listening to the only extended recording of Oswald that exists.  Some three months before the assassination, Oswald was involved in a scuffle after handing out  leaflets  on a street corner in New Orleans. Leaflets that were  in support of the Fair Play for Community Committee a pro Castro organization. That incident led to an opportunity just about a week later to participate in two different radio interviews conducted by New Orleans radio station WDSU.  Episode 100 covers the background and the show which aired on April 17th, 1963 and episode 101 covers the second show which aired a few days later on August 21st.   Join us for the whole series of episodes about the fantastic goings on that encompass this part of the JFK story.   Our episodes have now begun  to explore  an array of matters that  dive into a deeper  darkness  related to what  went on that day in Dallas and in the  period before and after the assassination.  Matters   that possibly point  to a  wider  and more sinister  plot to kill the president and  that clearly call into question the theory that there was a  lone assassin.   Complex cases without  an eyewitness that can actually identify the shooter make the forensic and circumstantial evidence that much more important.  Ironically, problems abound with much of the evidence in this case. Evidence that is complex, incomplete and sometimes conflicting. Even as early as 1964, rumors and serious concerns over  the lone gunman theory and the evidence that might contravene it,  were becoming a major concern for the government and the commission. Conspiracy theories were contrary to the government's stated narrative from the very beginning. Stay tuned as there are many more episodes to come!This series comprehensively explores the major facts,  themes, and  events leading up to the assassination in Dealey Plaza and the equally gripping stories surrounding the subsequent investigation. We  review  key elements of the Warren Commission Report , and the role of the CIA and FBI. We explore the  possible involvement of the Mafia in the murder and the review of that topic by the government's House Select Committee on Assassinations in the 1970's. We explore the Jim Garrison investigation and the work of other key figures such as Mark Lane and others. Learn more about Lee Harvey Oswald the suspected killer and Jack Ruby the distraught Dallas night club owner with underworld ties and the man that killed Oswald as a national TV audience was watching.  Stay with us as we take you through the facts and theories in bite sized discussions that are designed to educate, and inform as well as entertain the audience. This  real life story is more fascinating than fiction. No matter whether you are a serious researcher or a casual student, you will enjoy the fact filled narrative and story as  we relive one of the most shocking moments in American History. An event that changed the nation and changed the world forever.

We're sharing some inspiration for your new marketing strategy. Think a little 'outside the box' with your marketing plans Standard marketing Are you using the same old tired marketing ideas for your business? Standard marketing includes things like leaflets, newspaper ads, radio ads and even billboards. But are these methods in alignment with your business or brand? If you have a forward thinking and modern brand, you might want to consider something a bit different. 'Outside the box' marketing In this episode of the Nauti Nerds podcast, head nerd Tom talks us through a couple of ideas that both he, and a couple of his clients, have had for using outside-the-box marketing strategies. If you're a fan of new and different, you'll love this episode. New to the Nauti Nerds marketing podcast? You can catch all previous episodes here. Please do click whichever button your favourite app uses to keep you updated with new episodes, whether that's subscribe or follow! The Nauti Nerds is a Nautilus Marketing podcast. Like what you've heard?  Leave us a review! Just click here to be taken to your favourite platform to leave us a rating! The Nauti Nerds podcast is part of the Podknows Podcasting Network.

Concern has been raised at the content of leaflets being dropped into homes in the Sligo Town area in relation to ESB smart meters. ESB Networks say the claims that smart meters are dangerous and that personal data is being used is completely untrue and damaging

CBS News 40-08-02 Germans Drop Propaganda Leaflets

A breeze swirls and spins through the technicolored leaves on the giant oak. The wooden sculpture stands firm, but his limbs move to the melody as if conducting mother nature's orchestra. Gentle nudges encourage some to go and glide carelessly through the atmosphere. Leaflets perform a Japanese Kabuki dance in their final act before returning to the Tennessee soil. The best part about fall isn't even trick-or-treating. Every kid on my side of the Cumberland River gets excited about the annual Halloween carnival. The entire community shows up, and it's the only time I can't wait to burst through the doors of Cumberland Heights. The whole school is transformed into a spectacularly spooky spectacle for a day. Classrooms become a midway, as colorful as the oak leaves, painted with cornhole, fortune tellers, and duck ponds. Balloons popping and screams from the haunted house invade the halls as folks shuffle through admiring costumes. My favorite attraction is the cakewalk. I've managed to bring a cake home every year except for second grade. That was a challenging time with Mrs. Allen. She could have quite possibly sucked all of the luck out of me with those watchful piercing eyes. Mom is pretty happy when I bring home the prize. I mean, who doesn't appreciate a delightfully delicious sweet treat. This particular year is bitter-sweet because I'm a sixth-grader, and I'll be moving on to Montgomery Central soon. I probably get along with Mrs. Taylor better than any other teacher I've had so far. A few weeks earlier, I mentioned how I was concerned about leaving and how I'd miss my school. Most adults pretend to care and nod most of the time without even listening. Not Mrs. Taylor; she pays attention and lets me know that things will be alright. I'm still worried, but she inspires me to do my best, and I suppose that is all I can do. Making my way toward the gym for the cakewalk is no easy task with all of the distractions. My buddy Leon is in line for the haunted house. We've been close since kindergarten after meeting for the first time on the bus. I've spent the night a couple of times. Man, his dad makes the best bacon ever for breakfast. I'd never tell Mom that, though. It looks like Kim is on her way to the gymnasium too. She got most dependable this year, and her smile is incredibly contagious. I've always had a soft spot for her, but she will not stand in my way. I will do whatever it takes to win my final year. Everyone I know is in line for tickets. I see Stephen, Sabrina, Tammalyn, oh and Susie. Susie was voted best personality along with me. I'm sure the picture we took together will look awkward because I'm not used to standing that close to girls. It's not because they have cooties; it has more to do with how different they are. Take Melanie, for instance. One time I asked her if she thought Spider-Man could beat up Mighty Mouse. Can you believe she said no!? For real? Girls. A giant circle of paper plates, all numbered and taped to the floor, decorate the giant hall. I'll be starting on lucky number seven just like every other year. Well, except for second grade. Mrs. Tue, the librarian, carefully watches over the table full of goodness covered in frosting. The moment of truth is finally here, and I will be taking my trophy home this evening. Mrs. Mills drops the needle on the forty-five, and it's game on. Monster Mash begins to play as the contestants stroll from number to number. Tension builds while each lyric escapes the speakers infecting the auditorium. We all pay close attention anticipating the silence that will reveal a winner. FRIIP! The tune comes to an abrupt end, and everyone freezes in place, awaiting the announcement. "I'm standing on twenty-seven; please let Mrs. Phillips call out my number," I mumble under my breath. "Twenty-eight is the winner," screams our announcer. Luckily the spot in front of me is empty, so we keep going. The song plays again; I take a deep breath and start walking. The stress becomes overwhelming as I take each stride, hoping I land on the winning spot. Once again, the Halloween anthem is interrupted, and a new number is unveiled. The teacher calls out my lucky seven, and that happens to be where I stand! The contestants shower me with pats on the back and an overabundance of congratulations. Mom meets me at the table to admire the giant horseshoe cake we'll be enjoying soon. It turns out she is more excited than me, and I'm proud I could give that to her. My last Halloween carnival at CHES is a success. I'm sure going to miss this place. A light drizzle coats the windshield on our drive home. Wet leaves blow around and stick to the hood of the car, desperately trying to hang on. Eventually, they're pushed away by the unforgiving wind and carried off into the darkness without a sound. I took time to appreciate them before they vanished and stored their memory somewhere in my thoughts. Next year more will sprout, and the cycle will start all over again. It's how life works.

PAGES AND LEAFLETS OF NORTH OXFORDSHIRE: MY LINEAGE PRE-1700-1959 - A FAMILY AND RELIGIOUS HISTORY by Angela FortnumAngela Fortnum has written a well-researched and illustrated family history of her maternal grandfathers offering a window into the life and times of her ancestors. It details the family's move from agricultural laborer, to plush weaver, baker, miller and finally small holder.  It also highlights the changes in the family's religious beliefs and includes information about the churches and chapels associated in some way with the family.  It includes copies of a number of documents including wills making it a useful tool for anyone who is considering researching their own ancestry.Angela Fortnum was born in the market town of Banbury, Oxfordshire, England where she attended school.  She fulfilled her desire to work in a bank in Banbury before transferring to a department in Birmingham, England.  Taking early retirement in 1998 she returned to the family home in Banbury.  By way of a complete change she took a course in health and social care for which she was awarded a certificate by Open University.  Having had time off she then began to research both her maternal and paternal ancestors.  After her mother's death she decided to share a share tribute to her mother by writing "Pages and Leaflets of North Oxforshire".https://www.angelafortnum.com/https://www.amazon.co.uk/Pages-Leaflets-North-Oxfordshire-Pre-1700-1959-ebook/dp/B07HMTFL3M/ref=sr_1_1?dchild=1&keywords=pages+and+leaflets+of+north+oxfordshire+y+angela+fortnum&qid=1629575147&sr=8-1http://www.bluefunkbroadcasting.com/root/twia/afortnumlp.mp3   

Episode 2034 of the Vietnam Veteran News Podcast will feature another story shared by Vietnam Veteran Ron Mosbaugh. His story is titled: Vietnam Propaganda and Leaflets. As a reminder, Ron served a 31-year career in the U.S. Navy as a … Continue reading → The post Episode 2084 – Vietnam Propaganda and Leaflets by Ron Mosbaugh appeared first on .

The Spoonman breaks down today's top stories, finds out how Snoopy the dog was captured after three weeks on the run and gets the latest from Clarence City Council Mayor Doug Chipman on plans for the Kangaroo Island development. See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

NK Now -Gyeonggi governor Lee Jae-myung condemns anti-DPRK leaflets -North Korea officially drops out of the Qatar World Cup and prospects for the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympics -Expectations for the upcoming ROK-US Summit -이재명 경기도 지사의 대북전단 비판 -북한 카타르월드컵 공식 불참 및 베이징 올림픽 전망 -21일 한미정상회담 전망 Guest: Kim Jeongmin, Seoul Correspondent for NK News

We all know about the love Liberal Democrats have of delivering leaflets. So our dream professor of politics would be one who specialises in studying leaflets. Which is why I’m delighted to say that is just who I was speaking to for the latest episode of Never Mind The Bar Charts, Professor Caitlin Milazzo of Nottingham University. We talked about how political leaflets are changing, the impact they have, how political campaigning isn't getting more negative and the evidence that female candidates are more likely than male candidates to make an important mistake with their election literature. Listen on to find out more, including how to avoid that mistake yourself... Feedback very welcome, and do share this podcast with others who you think may enjoy it.   Show notes The Open Elections project. Upload a leaflet to the Open Elections project or help code those already uploaded here (currently after leaflets for the Scottish Parliament and Welsh Senedd elections). Other research into political leaflets: Mark Shephard and Justin Fisher. Evidence from Rosie Campbell, Phil Cowley, Nick Vivyan and Markus Wagner on how voters prefer local candidates. Follow Caitlin Milazzo on Twitter. Theme tune by Hugo Lee. New to listening to podcasts? Here are some tips on how to listen to podcasts.   Enjoy the show? Spread the word Follow the show on Twitter. Like the show on Facebook. Share the show's website, www.NeverMindTheBarCharts.com.  

Have you spotted our leaflets yet? Comment below

Hunter Biden's Laptop has been linked to an FBI Money Laundering Probe! Could Joe Biden be linked in this? Also, Leaflets are being sent to homes belonging to Republicans. Threats of Arson and much more. Join us as we dive into these topics. Please share our Podcast and as always, Listener Support is always appreciated! Thank you everyone. --- Support this podcast: https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/politicalanalytical/support

In 1942-43, as the National Socialists wreaked terror on the world, a group of university students and their professor collaborated in an attempt to awaken the German conscience to the magnitude of Hitler's atrocities. In reference to the moral purity of their cause, they called themselves the White Rose.   Subscribe in Apple Podcasts, Spotify, or wherever you're listening right now.   If you'd like to suggest a heroic figure to be covered on the show, send an email to Jon@ObjectiveStandard.org.   Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/objectivestandard Twitter: https://twitter.com/ObjStdInstitute LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/company/objectivestandardinstitute/   Also check out:   “The White Rose: A Story of Unsurpassed Courage” by Andrew Bernstein: https://theobjectivestandard.com/2020/05/the-white-rose-a-story-of-unsurpassed-courage/   The Leaflets of the White Rose: https://libcom.org/library/white-rose-leaflet-1   Heroes, Legends, Champions: Why Heroism Matters by Andrew Bernstein: https://amzn.to/2UWTWvl

Convert the Farms! Vote with your fork. Every time you eat you vote with your fork. Choose the way you want the world to treat animals each time you buy food and every time your eat. People aren't perfect. Life is Busy! Do what you can towards a brighter future for our planet. Leaflets   […] The post MVP #033 – Convert the Farms – Cast Your Vote with your Fork – Mark Phipps – Mocha Vegan Performance appeared first on Mocha Vegan Performance Podcast.