Tune in every month for highlights and summaries of key articles from each issue of The American Journal of Psychiatry (https://ajp.psychiatryonline.org/), the official journal of the American Psychiatric Association.
American Journal of Psychiatry
Dr. Roy Perlis (Mass General Bringham, Boston) joins AJP Audio to discuss a machine learning model to examine electronic health records in individuals who had recently given birth designed to detect those who might develop postpartum depression. Afterwards, AJP Editor-in-Chief Dr. Ned Kalin puts the rest of the June issue into context. 00:31 Perlis interview 02:56 Lack of validation in screening methods 04:03 Stumbling blocks on the road to validation 05:10 Synergy between screening scores and machine learning models 06:36 Issues with clinician adoption? 08:44 Administrative burden for running these models 10:38 Current clinical application 12:37 Screening without those with a history of depression 13:48 Limitations 15:30 Future research 17:26 Kalin interview 17:41 Clapp et al. 21:41 Kępińska et al. 25:19 Savitz et al. 25:25 Miller 28:38 Wall et al. Transcript Be sure to let your colleagues know about the podcast, and please rate and review it on Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts, Spotify, or wherever you listen to it. Subscribe to the podcast here. Listen to other podcasts produced by the American Psychiatric Association. Browse articles online. How authors may submit their work. Follow the journals of APA Publishing on Twitter. E-mail us at ajp@psych.org
Dr. Kenneth Ruggiero (Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston) joins AJP Audio to discuss the the effectiveness of an app-based intervention at reducing the symptoms of sleeplessness and posttraumatic stress in a broad cohort in the wake of a natural disaster. Afterwards, AJP Editor-in-Chief Dr. Ned Kalin puts the rest of the May issue into context. 00:38 Ruggiero interview 03:13 Bounce Back Now app 05:03 Natural disasters and other sources of trauma 07:31 Low cost and broad-based intervention 08:49 Limitations 10:19 Changes in how the intervention was designed 11:17 Uptake and interactions with the app 13:15 Future directions 14:36 Kalin interview 14:50 Ruggiero et al. 19:26 Norman et al. 23:29 Conrod et al. 27:53 Olfson et al. 31:44 Olfson et al. Transcript Be sure to let your colleagues know about the podcast, and please rate and review it on Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts, Spotify, or wherever you listen to it. Subscribe to the podcast here. Listen to other podcasts produced by the American Psychiatric Association. Browse articles online. How authors may submit their work. Follow the journals of APA Publishing on Twitter. E-mail us at ajp@psych.org
Dr. Valentina Mancini (Oxford University) joins AJP Audio to discuss the impact of anticholinergic burden on cognition in patients with schizophrenia. Afterwards, AJP Editor-in-Chief Dr. Ned Kalin puts the rest of the March issue into context. 00:32 Mancini interview 02:26 Anticholinergic burden method of action 02:58 Balancing the impact of side effects in schizophrenia treatment 04:52 Limitations 05:34 The need for further studies 05:59 Clinical implications 06:32 Further research 07:01 Trials needed 07:54 Kalin interview 08:03 Mancini et al. 11:23 Tiihonen et al. 13:43 Zhou et al. 16:28 Omlor et al. 18:51 Orhan et al. Transcript Be sure to let your colleagues know about the podcast, and please rate and review it on Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts, Spotify, or wherever you listen to it. Subscribe to the podcast here. Listen to other podcasts produced by the American Psychiatric Association. Browse articles online. How authors may submit their work. Follow the journals of APA Publishing on Twitter. E-mail us at ajp@psych.org
Dr. William Horan (Bristol Myers Squibb) joins AJP Audio to discuss a newly approved, novel treatment for schizophrenia spectrum disorder, which has potential impacts for cognition in patients. Afterwards, AJP Editor-in-Chief Dr. Ned Kalin puts the rest of the March issue into context. 00:45 Horan interview 03:15 Novel mechanism of action in the treatment of schizophrenia 05:39 Side effect profiles 07:20 Clinical impacts 08:31 The need for further investigation 09:58 Limitations 11:05 Further research 13:08 Kalin interview 13:21 Horan et al. 17:34 Levenstein et al. 19:00 Fountoulakis et al. 20:57 Couture et al. 23:18 Stern et al. 27:35 McGirr et al. Transcript Be sure to let your colleagues know about the podcast, and please rate and review it on Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts, Spotify, or wherever you listen to it. Subscribe to the podcast here. Listen to other podcasts produced by the American Psychiatric Association. Browse articles online. How authors may submit their work. Follow the journals of APA Publishing on Twitter. E-mail us at ajp@psych.org
Dr. Andrea King (University of Chicago Medicine) joins AJP Audio to discuss a novel, real time assessment of the reward, stimulation, and negative affect of alcohol use in people with alcohol use disorder with and without depressive disorders. Afterwards, AJP Editor-in-Chief Dr. Ned Kalin discusses the rest of the February issue, which focuses closely on issues surrounding addiction. 00:35 King interview 00:45 Allostatic model of addiction 02:12 Gathering data and the groups studied 07:37 The ethics of studying alcohol use in patients with AUD 10:38 Findings 13:29 The impacts of alcohol's pleasurable effects on people with AUD and those without 14:32 Limitations of natural environment research versus laboratory research 18:18 Clinical implications 20:09 Further research 22:56 Kalin interview 23:03 King et al. 26:21 Brand et al. 28:12 Conway et al. 32:17 Kypriotakis et al. 35:42 Kuhn et al. 39:37 Grilo et al. Transcript Be sure to let your colleagues know about the podcast, and please rate and review it on Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts, Spotify, or wherever you listen to it. Subscribe to the podcast here. Listen to other podcasts produced by the American Psychiatric Association. Browse articles online. How authors may submit their work. Follow the journals of APA Publishing on Twitter. E-mail us at ajp@psych.org
Dr. Charles Nemeroff (University of Texas at Austin) joins AJP Editor-in-Chief Dr. Ned Kalin to discuss the January issue of the American Journal of Psychiatry. Dr. Nemeroff is a guest editor of the special issue, which takes a close look at the potential, pitfalls, and clinicial implications of psychedelics in mental health treatment. 00:38 Nemeroff interview 02:27 McIntyre et al. 04:06 Ramaekers et al. 05:44 Ghaznavi et al. 08:01 Fonzo et al. 09:17 Wolfgang et al. 10:45 Psychedelics and psychotherapies 12:31 Aaronson et al. 14:17 Pagni et al. 15:31 Kirlić et al. 17:06 Olson Transcript Be sure to let your colleagues know about the podcast, and please rate and review it on Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts, Spotify, or wherever you listen to it. Subscribe to the podcast here. Listen to other podcasts produced by the American Psychiatric Association. Browse articles online. How authors may submit their work. Follow the journals of APA Publishing on Twitter. E-mail us at ajp@psych.org
Devon Grey and David Knight (University of Alabama, Birmingham) join AJP Audio to discuss how exposure to discrimination impacts neural reactivity to stress and psychological distress in adolescents. Afterwards, AJP Editor-in-Chief Dr. Ned Kalin joins us to discuss the rest of the December issue of AJP. 00:36 Grey and Knight interview 02:41 Demographics of the cohort 03:46 Neurobiological mechanisms of discrimination impacts 06:14 Racial discrimination and mental health impacts 09:34 Discrimination as a chronic stressor and prolonged activation of the stress response system 10:45 Limitations 13:52 Further research 14:38 Kalin interview 14:52 Grey et al. 17:35 Sippel et al. 18:06 Fox and Shackman 19:42 Kliemann et al. 22:16 Kamboj et al. 27:07 Pathak et al. Be sure to let your colleagues know about the podcast, and please rate and review it on Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts, Spotify, or wherever you listen to it. Subscribe to the podcast here. Listen to other podcasts produced by the American Psychiatric Association. Browse articles online. How authors may submit their work. Follow the journals of APA Publishing on Twitter. E-mail us at ajp@psych.org
Dr. Phuc Le (Cleveland Clinic, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland) joins AJP Audio to discuss racial, ethnic, and sociodemographic disparities in treatment in alcohol use disorder among participants of the All of Us cohort. Afterwards, AJP Editor-in-Chief Dr. Ned Kalin joins to discuss the rest of the November issue, which takes a close look at issues surrounding substance use disorders. 00:41 Le interview 01:52 Disparities in treatment of AUDs in the US 03:43 What is the VA system doing right? 05:25 All of Us 06:39 Immediate clinical implications 08:15 Limitations 09:38 Further research 10:55 Kalin interview 11:07 Le et al. 13:44 Imperio et al. 14:43 McClure et al. 17:23 Perlman et al. 20:57 Savage et al. 24:17 Compton et al. Transcript Be sure to let your colleagues know about the podcast, and please rate and review it on Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts, Spotify, or wherever you listen to it. Subscribe to the podcast here. Listen to other podcasts produced by the American Psychiatric Association. Browse articles online. How authors may submit their work. Follow the journals of APA Publishing on Twitter. E-mail us at ajp@psych.org
Dr. Bodyl Brand (Oxford University, UK) joins AJP Audio to discuss the effectiveness of menopausal hormone therapy in preventing psychosis relapse in women with schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder. Afterwards, AJP Editor-in-Chief Dr. Ned Kalin takes us through the rest of the October issue of the American Journal of Psychiatry, which focuses on other issues touching psychosis and schizophrenia spectrum disorders. 01:05 Brand interview 03:08 MHT and potential side effects in schizophrenia treatment 06:16 Estrogen and psychosis prophylaxis 07:44 MHT effectiveness 10:15 Clinical implications 11:27 Strengths and limitations 13:47 The need for further study 15:54 Further research 17:24 Kalin interview 17:47 Brand et al. 20:17 Partanen et al. 23:54 Moran et al. 26:48 Gallucci et al. 30:38 Arion et al. Transcript Be sure to let your colleagues know about the podcast, and please rate and review it on Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts, Spotify, or wherever you listen to it. Subscribe to the podcast here. Listen to other podcasts produced by the American Psychiatric Association. Browse articles online. How authors may submit their work. Follow the journals of APA Publishing on Twitter. E-mail us at ajp@psych.org
Dr. Jessica Salvatore (Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, New Jersey) joins AJP Audio to discuss peer social genetic effects and their impact on alcohol and substance use, anxiety, and major depressive disorders in adolescents. Afterwards, AJP Editor-in-Chief Dr. Ned Kalin takes us through the rest of the September issue of the American Journal of Psychiatry. 00:52 Salvatore interview 02:49 Can the genetic makeup of other people impact your risk for psychiatric conditions? 04:12 Impact on genetic predisposition 05:12 Why look at these effects through a genetic lens? 07:17 Limitations 10:05 Clinical implications 12:40 Further research 13:32 Kalin interview 13:47 Salvatore et al. 15:54 Dalhuisen et al. 19:23 Hess et al. 24:14 Larsen et al. 26:43 Schwippel et al. Transcript Be sure to let your colleagues know about the podcast, and please rate and review it on Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts, Spotify, or wherever you listen to it. Subscribe to the podcast here. Listen to other podcasts produced by the American Psychiatric Association. Browse articles online. How authors may submit their work. Follow the journals of APA Publishing on Twitter. E-mail us at ajp@psych.org
Dr. Evan Krueger (Tulane University School of Social Work) joins AJP Audio to discuss the impact of sexual identity change and continuity on the mental health and substance use of adults who identify as a sexual minority. Afterwards, AJP Editor-in-Chief Dr. Ned Kalin discusses the rest of the August issue of AJP. 00:52 Krueger interview 02:49 The Generations Study 04:21 How the sample differed 05:42 Differences between male and female, monosexual and plurisexual 07:53 Clinical implications for this population 09:39 Limitations 11:11 Life course and societal changes as potential factors? 13:05 Further research 14:31 Kalin interview 14:37 Krueger et al. 17:21 Amstadter et al. 20:45 Hilbert et al. 23:13 Bommersbach et al. 25:49 Zhou et al. Transcript Be sure to let your colleagues know about the podcast, and please rate and review it on Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts, Spotify, or wherever you listen to it. Subscribe to the podcast here. Listen to other podcasts produced by the American Psychiatric Association. Browse articles online. How authors may submit their work. Follow the journals of APA Publishing on Twitter. E-mail us at ajp@psych.org
Dr. Lina Jonsson (Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Sweden) joins AJP Audio to discuss the association of occupational dysfunction and hospital admissions with polygenic profiles in patients with bipolar disorder. Afterwards, AJP Editor-in-Chief Dr. Ned Kalin discusses the rest of the July issue of AJP. 00:45 Jonsson interview 04:35 Occupational dysfunction and hospitalization in bipolar disorder 05:29 Crossover between groups in patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorder 06:37 Clinical implications for working with patients with bipolar disorder 07:46 Limitations 09:03 Future research 10:14 Kalin interview 10:31 Jonsson et al. 13:43 Baum et al. 15:00 Kang et al. 18:10 Rohde et al. 22:06 Ironside et al. 26:30 Chen et al. Transcript Be sure to let your colleagues know about the podcast, and please rate and review it on Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts, Spotify, or wherever you listen to it. Subscribe to the podcast here. Listen to other podcasts produced by the American Psychiatric Association. Browse articles online. How authors may submit their work. Follow the journals of APA Publishing on Twitter. E-mail us at ajp@psych.org
Ms. Sara Tramazzo (Stony Brook University) joins AJP Audio to discuss the long-term outlook for patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders and other psychotic disorders over the course of 25 years. Afterwards, Dr. Ned Kalin joins to discuss the rest of the June issue of AJP. 00:50 Tramazzo interview 01:55 Lower levels of recovery and remission than other long-term studies 03:01 Difficulties of following patients in long-term studies 04:35 Differences between recovery and remission 05:54 Clinical implications 07:49 Limitations 10:21 Follow up periods 11:17 Further research 12:39 Kalin interview 12:53 Tramazzo et al. 15:51 Erwin et al. 18:59 Van der Pluijm et al. 20:47 Vita et al. 23:08 Tamon et al. 25:06 Norman et al. Transcript Be sure to let your colleagues know about the podcast, and please rate and review it on Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts, Spotify, or wherever you listen to it. Subscribe to the podcast here. Listen to other podcasts produced by the American Psychiatric Association. Browse articles online. How authors may submit their work. Follow the journals of APA Publishing on Twitter. E-mail us at ajp@psych.org
Dr. ReJoyce Green (Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC) joins AJP Audio to discuss predictors of substance use initiation in a large cohort of early adolescents. Afterwards, AJP Editor-in-Chief Dr. Ned Kalin speaks with AJP Deputy Editor Dr. Kathleen Brady about the May issue of AJP, a special issue guest edited by Dr. Brady focusing on latest developments in the understanding and treatment of substance use disorders. Transcript 00:48 Green interview 03:04 Why is it important to study substance use initiation? 04:06 Social and family-related factors versus imaging and neurocognitive factors 05:58 Age and cohort concerns 07:15 Religious participation as a predictive factor 09:04 Clinical implications 11:03 Limitations 12:24 What's next for your research? 13:36 Kalin and Brady interview 17:09 Green et al. 19:52 Morley et al. 23:34 Radoman et al. 26:21 Hoffman et al. 29:00 Blalock et al. Be sure to let your colleagues know about the podcast, and please rate and review it on Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts, Spotify, or wherever you listen to it. Subscribe to the podcast here. Listen to other podcasts produced by the American Psychiatric Association. Browse articles online. How authors may submit their work. Follow the journals of APA Publishing on Twitter. E-mail us at ajp@psych.org
Dr. Soonjo Hwang (University of Nebraska Medical Center) joins AJP Audio to discuss the response to intranasally-administered oxytocin in youths with severe irritability. 00:56 Hwang interview 02:09 Effects of oxytocin 05:45 Intranasal oxytocin 07:04 Potential adverse effects of oxytocin 08:08 Imaging 08:58 Preliminary investigations and clinical implications 09:51 Limitations 10:14 Further research 11:00 Kalin interview 11:33 Hwang et al. 14:43 Leibenluft et al. 15:39 Aggarwal et al. 18:22 Pezzoli et al. 21:34 Kendler et al. 23:30 Hou et al. Transcript Be sure to let your colleagues know about the podcast, and please rate and review it on Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts, Spotify, or wherever you listen to it. Subscribe to the podcast here. Listen to other podcasts produced by the American Psychiatric Association. Browse articles online. How authors may submit their work. Follow the journals of APA Publishing on Twitter. E-mail us at ajp@psych.org
Dr. Drew Rothenberg (Duke University, Durham, NC) joins AJP Audio to discuss the long term, intergenerational impacts of the Fast Track program, and whether the mental health intervention lead to lasting improvements in mental health, including in the participants own children. 00:49 Rothenberg interview 04:36 A null result? 07:13 At risk children from high risk neighborhoods 08:00 Limitations 09:17 Demand for childhood mental health services and clinical implications 11:10 Further research 13:59 Kalin interview 14:12 Rothenberg et al. 16:12 Haller et al. 18:49 Poirot et al. 20:55 Ainsworth et al. 23:20 Rosenqvist et al. Transcript Be sure to let your colleagues know about the podcast, and please rate and review it on Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts, Spotify, or wherever you listen to it. Subscribe to the podcast here. Listen to other podcasts produced by the American Psychiatric Association. Browse articles online. How authors may submit their work. Follow the journals of APA Publishing on Twitter. E-mail us at ajp@psych.org
Dr. Ofir Livne (Columbia University, New York) joins AJP Audio to discuss recent trends in the prevalence of cannabis use disorder in US veterans with and without psychiatric disorder diagnosis. Dr. Ned Kalin joins afterwards to discuss how the rest of the February issue of AJP touches on cannabis use disorder and other substance use disorders. 00:31 Livne interview 03:16 Changes in the legal landscape surrounding cannabis use 05:17 The complex association between cannabis use and psychiatric disorders 07:20 Clinical implications 08:02 Limitations 09:44 Future directions for research 10:13 Kalin interview 10:30 Livne et al. 12:30 Gustafson et al. 14:44 Garland et al. 16:10 Wilson et al. 18:06 Huang et al. Transcript Be sure to let your colleagues know about the podcast, and please rate and review it on Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts, Spotify, or wherever you listen to it. Subscribe to the podcast here. Listen to other podcasts produced by the American Psychiatric Association. Browse articles online. How authors may submit their work. Follow the journals of APA Publishing on Twitter. E-mail us at ajp@psych.org
Dr. Jaclyn Ross, Ms. Jordan Barone, and Dr. Tory Eisenlohr-Moul (University of Illinois at Chicago) join AJP Audio to discuss the impact of the menstrual cycle on suicide ideation and planning in psychiatric patients with suicidality. Afterwards, American Journal of Psychiatry Editor-in-Chief Dr. Ned Kalin brings us up to date on the rest of the January issue of AJP. Transcript Be sure to let your colleagues know about the podcast, and please rate and review it on Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts, Spotify, or wherever you listen to it. Subscribe to the podcast here. Listen to other podcasts produced by the American Psychiatric Association. Browse articles online. How authors may submit their work. Follow the journals of APA Publishing on Twitter. E-mail us at ajp@psych.org
Dr. Aaron Samuel Breslow (Montefiore Medical Center and Albert Einstein College of Medicine) joins AJP Audio to discuss the racial and ethnic disparities in the impact of COVID-19 and pandemic related stressors and adverse mental health outcomes on health care workers in the Bronx, New York. Following we'll once again check in with American Journal of Psychiatry Editor-in-Chief Dr. Ned Kalin on the rest of the December issue of AJP. Breslow interview [00:56] Why look at the Bronx in particular? [2:54] COVID-19 related stressors and pandemic related stressors [05:27] Unrelated adverse mental health outcomes [07:40] Limitations [09:29] Policy considerations [11:39] Further research [14:22] Kalin interview [16:17] Breslow et al. [16:34] Guintivano et al. [18:36] Copeland et al. [22:10] Joseph et al. [25:21] Shim and Rodriguez [27:15] Transcript Be sure to let your colleagues know about the podcast, and please rate and review it on Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts, Stitcher, Spotify, or wherever you listen to it. Subscribe to the podcast here. Listen to other podcasts produced by the American Psychiatric Association. Browse articles online. How authors may submit their work. Follow the journals of APA Publishing on Twitter. E-mail us at ajp@psych.org
Dr. Winston Chung (Kaiser Permanente Northern California) joins AJP Audio to discuss inequalities in the diagnosis of psychotic disorders between racial and ethnic groups in a large cohort. Afterwards, we'll once again be joined by American Journal of Psychiatry Editor-in-Chief, Dr. Ned Kalin, to discuss the rest of the November issue of AJP, which focuses on different aspects of psychotic disorder. Chung interview [00:30] Structural racism and missing socioeconomic strata [02:58] Effective and non-effective psychosis [04:20] Limitations [05:48] Differential rates of treatment and non-treatment [06:58] Policy implications [07:40] Further research [08:31] Kalin interview [08:58] Chung et al. [09:14] Rødevand et al. [11:27] Cao et al. [14:07] Smucny et al. [16:18] Cannon [17:03] Transcript Be sure to let your colleagues know about the podcast, and please rate and review it on Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts, Stitcher, Spotify, or wherever you listen to it. Subscribe to the podcast here. Listen to other podcasts produced by the American Psychiatric Association. Browse articles online. How authors may submit their work. Follow the journals of APA Publishing on Twitter. E-mail us at ajp@psych.org
Dr. Luis Farhat and Dr. Guilherme V. Polanczyk (University of São Paulo, Brazil) join AJP Audio to discuss the impact of socioenviromental factors, emotional dysregulation, and other factors impact neurodevelopment in children. Afterwards, we'll once again be joined by American Journal of Psychiatry Editor-in-Chief, Dr. Ned Kalin, to discuss the rest of the September issue of AJP and what brings it together. Be sure to let your colleagues know about the podcast, and please rate and review it on Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts, Stitcher, Spotify, or wherever you listen to it. Subscribe to the podcast here. Listen to other podcasts produced by the American Psychiatric Association. Browse articles online. How authors may submit their work. Follow the journals of APA Publishing on Twitter. E-mail us at ajp@psych.org
Dr. Antony Chum (York University, Toronto) joins AJP Audio to discuss disparities in suicide-related behaviors between sexual orientations by gender in a large cohort from the province of Ontario. Afterwards, we'll once again be joined by American Journal of Psychiatry Editor-in-Chief, Dr. Ned Kalin, to discuss the rest of the September issue of AJP and what brings it together. Transcript Chum interview [00:34] Results [02:14] Using a large data set [03:21] Correcting the limitations of previous research [04:40] Taking changing societal circumstances into account [06:11] Immediate clinical implications [07:57] What's next for your research? [09:47] Kalin interview [11:23] Chum et al. [11:34] Widge et al. [13:15] Russell et al. [15:06] Deligiannidis et al. [15:34] Clayton et al. [18:41] Kumar et al. [19:59] Be sure to let your colleagues know about the podcast, and please rate and review it on Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts, Stitcher, Spotify, or wherever you listen to it. Subscribe to the podcast here. Listen to other podcasts produced by the American Psychiatric Association. Browse articles online. How authors may submit their work. Follow the journals of APA Publishing on Twitter. E-mail us at ajp@psych.org
Dr. Lucy S. King (Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans) and Dr. Kathryn L. Humphreys (Vanderbilt University, Nashville) join AJP Audio to discuss the long term impacts of a pioneering randomized controlled trial that looked at the impacts of institutional care versus home foster care in children, the Bucharest Early Intervention Project. They also discuss the impacts of deprivation on children's development and mental health, and the thorny ethics of research involving children. Transcript The impact of deprivation [01:19] Bucharest Early Intervention Project and the ethics of research involving children [04:43] Analyzing diverse data [08:57] Why revisit this trial? [16:05] Long term impacts of the intervention [18:39] Limitations [23:22] Policy implications [26:16] Further research [30:18] Be sure to let your colleagues know about the podcast, and please rate and review it on Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts, Stitcher, Spotify, or wherever you listen to it. Subscribe to the podcast here. Listen to other podcasts produced by the American Psychiatric Association. Browse articles online. How authors may submit their work. Follow the journals of APA Publishing on Twitter. E-mail us at ajp@psych.org
Dr. Dylan J. Jester (VA Palo Alto Medical Center in Palo Alto, California) joins AJP Audio to discuss the differential impact of selected social determinants of health on the mental health outcomes of older Black, White, and Latinx adults in the United States. Afterwards, AJP Editor-in-Chief Dr. Ned Kalin discusses how issues of substance use disorder draw together the rest of the July issue. Be sure to let your colleagues know about the podcast, and please rate and review it on Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts, Stitcher, Spotify, or wherever you listen to it. Subscribe to the podcast here. Listen to other podcasts produced by the American Psychiatric Association. Browse articles online. How authors may submit their work. Follow the journals of APA Publishing on Twitter. E-mail us at ajp@psych.org
Dr. Mark Olfson (Columbia University) discusses the links between opioid prescribing and suicide risk in the United States. Afterwards, AJP Editor-in-Chief Dr. Ned Kalin discusses how issues of substance use disorder draw together the rest of the June issue. Transcript Olfson interview [00:46] Geographic commuting areas [01:06] Opioid prescription measures [02:10] Rates of opioid prescription and suicide [03:27] Youngest age cohorts as outliers [04:19] Regional variations [04:57] Limitations [05:17] Clinical implications [05:55] What's next for your research? [06:21] Kalin interview [06:42] Olfson et al. [07:00] Vickers-Smith et al. [08:36] Rognli et al. [10:44] Garrison et al. [12:51] Be sure to let your colleagues know about the podcast, and please rate and review it on Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts, Stitcher, Spotify, or wherever you listen to it. Subscribe to the podcast here. Listen to other podcasts produced by the American Psychiatric Association. Browse articles online. How authors may submit their work. Follow the journals of APA Publishing on Twitter. E-mail us at ajp@psych.org
Ms. Gal Arad (Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel) discusses a non-pharmacological intervention for the treatment of social anxiety disorder in comparison with standard care. Afterwards, we'll be joined once again by AJP Editor-in-Chief Dr. Ned Kalin to discuss the rest of the May issue. Transcript Arad interview [00:18] What were your results? [02:11] Reduction in dwell time on threatening faces [03:36] Limitations [04:09] Immediate clinical implications [05:27] Further research [05:58] Kalin interview [06:37] Arad et al. [06:55] Grant et al. [09:07] Reddy et al. [10:59] Taipal et al. [13:28] Buchanan and Krane [14:39] Brandt et al. [15:41] Be sure to let your colleagues know about the podcast, and please rate and review it on Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts, Stitcher, Spotify, or wherever you listen to it. Subscribe to the podcast here. Listen to other podcasts produced by the American Psychiatric Association. Browse articles online. How authors may submit their work. Follow the journals of APA Publishing on Twitter. E-mail us at ajp@psych.org
Dr. David G. Amaral (University of California, Davis) is an author of a review paper in the April issue of AJP looking at the use of animal models and other forms of translational neuroscience in the investigation of autism spectrum disorder. He joins us on AJP Audio to discuss it. Afterwards, we'll be joined once again by AJP Editor-in-Chief Dr. Ned Kalin to discuss the rest of the April issue. Transcript Amaral interview [00:56] Advantages and disadvantages of animal model research [02:14] What goes into determining which animals might be good candidates for research in human neurology? [04:52] How does basic research get translated into clinical treatments? [08:28] Alternatives to animal models [10:21] Promise of research moving forward [12:22] Kalin interview [15:30] Veenstra-VanderWeele et al. [15:46] Kato et al. [17:02] Zwicker et al. [19:17] Kim et al. [22:22] Zeng et al. [26:14] Be sure to let your colleagues know about the podcast, and please rate and review it on Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts, Stitcher, Spotify, or wherever you listen to it. Subscribe to the podcast here. Listen to other podcasts produced by the American Psychiatric Association. Browse articles online. How authors may submit their work. Follow the journals of APA Publishing on Twitter. E-mail us at ajp@psych.org
Dr. Gary S. Sachs (Harvard Medical School) joins us for the for the March episode of AJP Audio, discussing the results from a phase 3 study looking at the use of atypical antipsychotic cariprazine as an adjunctive treatment for major depression in conjunction with antidepressants. Afterwards, we'll be joined once again by AJP Editor-in-Chief Dr. Ned Kalin to discuss the rest of the March issue. Transcript Sachs interview [00:47] Why is treating major depressive disorder in patients proven to be such a challenge for clinicians? [01:54] Why cariprazine in conjunction with antidepressants? [02:37] Atypical antipsychotics and antidepressants [03:22] Atypical antipsychotics and side effects [05:23] Limitations [07:09] Clinical implications for the treatment of major depressive disorder [08:29] What's next for your research? [09:15] Kalin interview [10:09] Sachs et al. [10:25] Hasseris et al. [12:35] Visontay et al. [15:15] Dunlop et al. [17:10] Elbau et al. [19:56] Be sure to let your colleagues know about the podcast, and please rate and review it on Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts, Stitcher, Spotify, or wherever you listen to it. Subscribe to the podcast here. Listen to other podcasts produced by the American Psychiatric Association. Browse articles online. How authors may submit their work. Follow the journals of APA Publishing on Twitter. E-mail us at ajp@psych.org
This episode of AJP Audio features two articles from the February issue of AJP. First up, we have Nathaniel G. Harnett, Ph.D. (Harvard Medical School), discussing the impact of adversity and stress on racial disparities in childhood brain development among Black and White American children. Following that, Ziv Ben-Zion, Ph.D. (Yale University), discusses a non-exact replication study of a study published in AJP by Stevens et al. (previously featured on AJP Audio) looking at brain-based biotypes to guide treatment following trauma. And of course, we'll check in with AJP Editor-in-Chief Dr. Ned Kalin about the rest of the February issue and how it all fits together. Transcript Harnett interview [01:05] How do less tangible factors like trauma, stress, and exposure to violence impact brain development? [03:07] What do you mean by toxic stress? [04:41] Why did you choose to focus on those regions of the brain? [06:01] Regional variability and privacy concerns [07:50] Limitations [09:11] Future research [10:59] Children and the limited control of their environment [12:10] Ben-Zion interview [13:39] Challenges of running a non-exact replication study [15:12] Limitations [18:35] Should researchers consider replication in study design? [21:26] Future research [24:24] Kalin interview [27:46] Dumornay et al. [28:08] Baldwin et al. [30:02] Cleary et al. [31:38] Ben-Zion et al. [34:15] Hien et al. [37:08] Be sure to let your colleagues know about the podcast, and please rate and review it on Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts, Stitcher, Spotify, or wherever you listen to it. Subscribe to the podcast here. Listen to other podcasts produced by the American Psychiatric Association. Browse articles online. How authors may submit their work. Follow the journals of APA Publishing on Twitter. E-mail us at ajp@psych.org
Dr. Stefanie Russman Block (University of Michigan, Ann Arbor) discusses a trial looking at whether connectivity patterns in the brain can be used to predict treatment response in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder. Afterwards, AJP Editor-in-Chief Dr. Ned Kalin discusses childhood and neurodeveloment-related psychiatric disorders explored in the January issue. Russman Block interview [00:51] Exposure and response prevention versus stress management therapy [05:46] Investigating adolescents and adults [07:02] Clinical implications [08:29] Limitations [10:02] Further research [11:56] Kalin interview [12:57] Russman Block et al. [13:12] Webb et al. [14:57] Floris et al. [17:45] Shimelis et al. [21:27] Brikell et al. [26:04] Transcript Be sure to let your colleagues know about the podcast, and please rate and review it on Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts, Stitcher, Spotify, or wherever you listen to it. Subscribe to the podcast here. Listen to other podcasts produced by the American Psychiatric Association. Browse articles online. How authors may submit their work. Follow the journals of APA Publishing on Twitter. E-mail us at ajp@psych.org
Dr. Rebecca Price (University of Pittsburgh) discusses a novel, computer-based intervention designed to extend the antidepressant effects of a single dose of ketamine. Afterwards, AJP Editor-in-Chief Dr. Ned Kalin discusses the rest of the December issue and what draws it together. Price interview [00:40] What does the computer-based intervention consist of? [03:55] Comparator arms [05:25] Are there immediate clinical implications? [08:04] Limitations [10:19] Further research [12:17] Kalin interview [14:02] Price et al. [14:28] Santos et al. [17:28] Grilo et al. [19:43] Solmi et al.v [22:51] Lam et al. [25:01] Transcript Be sure to let your colleagues know about the podcast, and please rate and review it on Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts, Stitcher, Spotify, or wherever you listen to it. Subscribe to the podcast here. Listen to other podcasts produced by the American Psychiatric Association. Browse articles online. How authors may submit their work. Follow the journals of APA Publishing on Twitter. E-mail us at ajp@psych.org
Dr. Antonia Seligowski (McLean Hospital and Harvard Medical School) discusses persistent dissociation following trauma exposure and whether it can be predictive of later psychiatric outcomes in at risk populations. Afterwards, AJP Editor-in-Chief Dr. Ned Kalin discusses the rest of the September issue and what draws it together. Seligowski interview [00:50] Genome-wide association studies [02:24] The Mass General Brigham Biobank [03:05] What were the limitations of the study? [04:05] Are there current clinical implications? [05:04] How does depression fit in? [06:11] Are the links between PTSD and cardiovascular disease linked to associated comorbidities? [07:00] What's next for your research? [07:52] Kalin interview [08:51] Seligowski et al. [09:06] Leone et al. [10:57] Hindley et al. [13:50] Lewis and Vassos [17:37] Sigström et al. [18:13] Brownstein et al. [20:32] In summary [25:03] Transcript Be sure to let your colleagues know about the podcast, and please rate and review it on Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts, Stitcher, Spotify, or wherever you listen to it. Subscribe to the podcast here. Listen to other podcasts produced by the American Psychiatric Association. Browse articles online. How authors may submit their work. Follow the journals of APA Publishing on Twitter. E-mail us at ajp@psych.org
Dr. Richard Davidson (University of Wisconsin-Madison) discusses the effects of mindfulness training on the neural mechanisms of pain and what it means for the future of pain management. Afterwards, AJP Editor-in-Chief Dr. Ned Kalin discusses what draws together that paper and the rest of the October issue. Davidson interview [00:37] How do you go about investigating pain? [05:41] Lack of apparent difference in neural response among long-term meditators [06:45] What does this mean for pain management? [08:33] Limitations [09:46] Next steps for research [10:42] Kalin interview [11:50] Wieglosz et al. [12:01] Hasin et al. [14:25] Jutras-Aswad et al. [16:46] Lin et al. [19:08] Hasin et al. [20:36] In summary [22:34] Transcript Be sure to let your colleagues know about the podcast, and please rate and review it on Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts, Stitcher, Spotify, or wherever you listen to it. Subscribe to the podcast here. Listen to other podcasts produced by the American Psychiatric Association. Browse articles online. Watch Deputy Editor Daniel S. Pine, M.D., present highlights from the October 2022 issue of AJP. How authors may submit their work. Follow the journals of APA Publishing on Twitter. E-mail us at ajp@psych.org
Dr. Lauren A. M. Lebois (Dissociative Disorders and Trauma Research Program, McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School) discusses persistent dissociation following trauma exposure and whether it can be predictive of later psychiatric outcomes in at risk populations. Afterwards, AJP Editor-in-Chief Dr. Ned Kalin discusses the rest of the September issue and what draws it together. Lebois interview [00:52] A prototypical adult dissociation case [01:51] Dissociation as a rollercoaster [05:48] The many ways of dissociation can be activated [08:04] Investigation through self-reporting and imaging [08:55] The imaging cohort [11:16] Biomarkers associated with dissociation and later psychiatric outcomes [11:54] Clinical treatment implications [15:09] Cambridge Depersonalization Scale and the Multidimensional Inventory of Dissociation [16:22] Limitations [16:57] What's next for your research? [18:01] Kalin interview [19:42] Lebois et al. [19:56] Gregersen et al. [22:33] Kendler et al. [24:58] Chand et al. [27:49] Jaffe et al. [31:45] In summary [34:39] Transcript Be sure to let your colleagues know about the podcast, and please rate and review it on Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts, Stitcher, Spotify, or wherever you listen to it. Subscribe to the podcast here. Listen to other podcasts produced by the American Psychiatric Association. Browse articles online. Watch Deputy Editor Daniel S. Pine, M.D., present highlights from the September 2022 issue of AJP. How authors may submit their work. Follow the journals of APA Publishing on Twitter. E-mail us at ajp@psych.org
Dr. Mark D. Shen (University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill) discusses the trajectory of brain development in infants at risk for autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and fragile X syndrome. Longitudinal imaging was captured from 6 to 24 months to see how brain development differed between groups, and the development of the amygdala in infants at risk for ASD prior to onset of social deficits and clinical diagnosis. Shen interview [01:03] Why look at patients with potential ASD diagnosis in conjunction with fragile X syndrome patients? [04:20] Why are differences in brain structure important? [05:46] What's the advantage of earlier diagnosis of ASD? [08:16] What's next for your research? [09:48] Kalin interview [11:47] Shen et al. [12:09] Girault et al. [15:30] Gerlach et al. [19:13] Mosholder et al. [22:12] Summary [25:31] Be sure to let your colleagues know about the podcast, and please rate and review it on Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts, Stitcher, Spotify, or wherever you listen to it. Transcript Subscribe to the podcast here. Listen to other podcasts produced by the American Psychiatric Association. Browse articles online. Watch Deputy Editor Daniel S. Pine, M.D., present highlights from the August 2022 issue of AJP. How authors may submit their work. Follow the journals of APA Publishing on Twitter. E-mail us at ajp@psych.org
Dr. Richard S.E. Keefe (Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina) discusses an article looking at an intervention for major depressive disorder that takes the form of a videogame. Afterwards, AJP Editor-in-Chief Dr. Ned Kalin discusses the July issue's theme. Keefe interview: [01:00] What were your results? [03:13] What do videogames offer as a depression intervention? [03:43] Differences between the intervention and the control intervention [05:05] What was the impact of the interventions? [06:51] What were the limitations of the design and what might change going forward? [08:10] Does the patient's perception of the effectiveness of the intervention matter? [09:20] How the intervention differs from a similar intervention aimed at children [10:19] Is there an advantage to “hiding” the intervention as a videogame? [11:33] Designing a game and an intervention that work simultaneously [13:27] What next for your research? [15:05] Kalin interview [16:11] Keefe et al. [16:22] Tabuteau et al. [18:15] Ge et al. [20:54] Pan et al. [22:01] Tamm et al. [23:47] Pizzagalli [25:30] Grogans et al. [26:02] Be sure to let your colleagues know about the podcast, and please rate and review it on Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts, Stitcher, Spotify, or wherever you listen to it. Subscribe to the podcast here. Listen to other podcasts produced by the American Psychiatric Association. Browse articles online. Watch Deputy Editor Daniel S. Pine, M.D., present highlights from the May 2021 issue. How authors may submit their work. Follow the journals of APA Publishing on Twitter. E-mail us at ajp@psych.org
AJP Editor-in-Chief Dr. Ned Kalin discusses the June issue with guest editor Dr. Crystal Barksdale (National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities). The issue focuses on mental health disparities, the pervasive negative consequences of structural racism, and the importance of community-wide and systemic interventions. Barksdale interview [00:30] How do mental health disparities differ for minoritized groups? [04:10] Structural and institutional racism as a factor in mental health disparities [05:53] Why have structural factors been largely ignored? [08:37] Alvidrez and Barksdale [11:03] Alegria et al. [13:11] Keeping review committees and reviewers up to date [15:11] Hankerson et al. [16:53] Developing research strategies based on the needs of the community [18:09] Alvarez et al. [20:22] What can the journal do to push these issues forward? [22:19] Be sure to let your colleagues know about the podcast, and please rate and review it on Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts, Stitcher, Spotify, or wherever you listen to it. Subscribe to the podcast here. Listen to other podcasts produced by the American Psychiatric Association. Browse articles online. Watch Deputy Editor Daniel S. Pine, M.D., present highlights from the May 2021 issue. How authors may submit their work. Follow the journals of APA Publishing on Twitter. E-mail us at ajp@psych.org
Dr. Kenneth Kendler (Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics at Virginia Commonwealth University, Roanoke, VA) discusses the history and emergence of psychiatry as a discipline, and how the conception of mind, body, and soul evolved. Afterwards, Journal Editor-in-Chief Dr. Ned Kalin discusses the May issue of AJP, and the past, present, and future of psychiatry. Kendler interview [00:45] Why is it important to look at the history of psychiatry? [10:28] The emergence of mental asylums [12:58] The mixed legacy of asylums [16:24] What's next? [18:07] Kalin interview [21:14] Brennand [23:07] Erwin and Weinberger, Cruceanu et al. [24:29] Pretzsch et al. [26:04] Roberts et al. [27:17] Meier et al. [28:52] Pedersen et al. [32:02] In conclusion [33:55] Be sure to let your colleagues know about the podcast, and please rate and review it on Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts, Stitcher, Spotify, or wherever you listen to it. Subscribe to the podcast here. Listen to other podcasts produced by the American Psychiatric Association. Browse articles online. Watch Deputy Editor Daniel S. Pine, M.D., present highlights from the May 2021 issue. How authors may submit their work. Follow the journals of APA Publishing on Twitter. E-mail us at ajp@psych.org
Dr. Brian Kelly (Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana) discusses a study that found recent efforts to curb opioid prescriptions appear to have had an effect on reducing prescription opioid misuse and dependence, with no evidence that shifts in local-level opioid dispensing affected odds of heroin use, frequency of heroin use, or heroin dependence. Afterwards, Journal Editor-in-Chief Dr. Ned Kalin discusses what pulls the March issue of AJP together. Kelly interview [00:30] Why county level data? [01:22] What accounts for the variation between counties? [02:28] Decreased prescription rates did not lead to increased heroin usage [04:07] How do we ensure the needs of those who need pain management? [04:55] What should happen with opioid dispensing practices? [06:10] National Survey on Drug Use and Health [07:30] Next steps [08:35] Kalin interview [09:34] Vuolo and Kelly [09:58] Watts et al. [11:25] O'Keeffe et al. [14:25] Sohal [17:35] Chung et al. [18:35] Summary [23:05] Be sure to let your colleagues know about the podcast, and please rate and review it on Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts, Stitcher, Spotify, or wherever you listen to it. Subscribe to the podcast here. Listen to other podcasts produced by the American Psychiatric Association. Browse articles online. Watch Deputy Editor Daniel S. Pine, M.D., present highlights from the May 2021 issue. How authors may submit their work. Follow the journals of APA Publishing on Twitter. E-mail us at ajp@psych.org
Dr. Giovanna Punzi and Dr. Daniel Weinberger (Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Baltimore, Maryland) discuss findings from their new paper, “Genetics and Brain Transcriptomics of Completed Suicide,” which looks at differences in the brains of those who die by violent versus less violent means of suicide. Afterwards, Journal Editor-in-Chief Dr. Ned Kalin discusses what pulls the March issue of AJP together. Punzi and Weinberger interview [00:43] What made the two categories distinct? [02:28] Aggression as a factor [03:43] Differences in genetic factors [04:58] Potential heterogeneity of suicide [06:28] Counterintuitive conclusions [07:42] Clinical implications for those at risk for suicide [11:00] Next steps for research [11:43] Kalin interview [12:56] McMahon [13:58] Jacquemont et al. [14:22] Mancini et al. [15:53] Mahjani et al. [18:40] Leckman [21:22] Punzi et al. [21:48] Ecker et al. [25:38] Summary [28:45] Be sure to let your colleagues know about the podcast, and please rate and review it on Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts, Stitcher, Spotify, or wherever you listen to it. Subscribe to the podcast here. Listen to other podcasts produced by the American Psychiatric Association. Browse articles online. Watch Deputy Editor Daniel S. Pine, M.D., present highlights from the May 2021 issue. How authors may submit their work. Follow the journals of APA Publishing on Twitter. E-mail us at ajp@psych.org
Dr. Margaret Sibley (University of Washington, Seattle, WA) joins the podcast this month to discuss an article from the February issue of the Journal looking at patterns of remission in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in children. Dr. Ned Kalin, Editor-in-Chief of AJP will join us afterwards to discuss the rest of the February issue of the Journal. Sibley interview [00:51] What does “full remission” from ADHD mean? [01:54] Variable patterns of remission in children with ADHD [02:33] The DSM definition of ADHD and the impact of ADHD symptoms [04:10] Advantages and disadvantages of using longitudinal data [06:50] What does the pattern of intermittent remission mean for treatment of ADHD? [09:39] What does this suggest for further research into ADHD diagnosis and treatment? [11:08] How does this affect treatment going forward? [12:48] Kalin interview [15:25] Flavin et al. [16:04] Sibley et al. [16:45] Markowitz et al. [18:20] Tadmon and Olfson [19:07] Manfredi et al. [20:30] Morgan et al. [22:39] Cole et al. [24:57] In conclusion [29:03] Be sure to let your colleagues know about the podcast, and please rate and review it on Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts, Stitcher, Spotify, or wherever you listen to it. Subscribe to the podcast here. Listen to other podcasts produced by the American Psychiatric Association. Browse articles online. Watch Deputy Editor Daniel S. Pine, M.D., present highlights from the May 2021 issue. How authors may submit their work. Follow the journals of APA Publishing on Twitter. E-mail us at ajp@psych.org
In this month's AJP Audio, Dr Margert Haney (Director of the Cannabis Research Laboratory at Columbia Psychiatry) discusses her new review from the January issue of the American Journal of Psychiatry, “Cannabis Use and the Endocannabinoid System: A Clinical Perspective,” and the questions around the legal status of cannabis research. Afterward, Dr. Ned Kalin, Editor-in-Chief of the Journal discusses the January 2022 issue of AJP. Haney interview: How does cannabis interact with our brains? [00:30] CBD and how it's different [01:26] Impact of state legalization of cannabis on research [02:08] Federal attitudes towards cannabis legalization [03:43] A single source of cannabis for research [04:57] Limitations on research and an expanding, unexamined market [06:11] Marketing of other cannabinoids [06:38] Consequences of cannabis legalization [08:06] Cannabis use disorder [08:36] What happens with daily cannabis use – and abrupt cessation? [09:27] What happens to your endocannabinoid system with daily use? [10:36] A proliferating market and constrained research [11:56] Patients foregoing FDA-approved medication in favor of cannabis products [12:14] There's a reason we have randomized controlled clinical trials with placebo [12:37] Changes in cannabis use and abuse [13:31] Public perception of cannabis use disorder [14:26] What's next for cannabis research? [15:20] Loosening of cannabis sources [16:03] No US source for CBD to study [16:36] Future changes in the status quo? [17:24] Importance of the endogenous cannabinoid system [18:41] Potential consequences during vulnerable times in brain development: in utero and adolescence [19:08] Marketing cannabis to pregnant women [19:45] Kalin interview [20:30] Alcohol and cannabis use disorders [20:39] Haney [21:43] Browne et al. [22:34] Livne et al. [23:31] Mellentin et al. [25:38] Mallard et al. [27:39] In sum [28:30] Be sure to let your colleagues know about the podcast, and please rate and review it on Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts, Stitcher, Spotify, or wherever you listen to it. Subscribe to the podcast here. Listen to other podcasts produced by the American Psychiatric Association. Browse articles online. Watch Deputy Editor Daniel S. Pine, M.D., present highlights from the May 2021 issue. How authors may submit their work. Follow the journals of APA Publishing on Twitter. E-mail us at ajp@psych.org
In this month's AJP Audio, Dr. Samuel Wilkinson (Yale University, Associate Director of the Yale Depression Research Program) discusses a study looking at the association of electro-convulsive therapy or ECT on all-cause mortality and suicide in Medicare patients with mood and bipolar disorders. Following that, Dr. Ned Kalin, Editor-in-Chief of the Journal discusses the December issue of AJP. Wilkinson interview: Effects of ECT on older patients with mood disorders [00:50] A brief history of ECT [01:20] A troubled history [02:00] A backlash against ECT [02:24] Improved techniques and practices [03:32] Limitations of past research into ECT [04:20] Strength of the study [05:33] How patients were matched [05:59] Limitations of the present study [07:17] Treatment of patients going forward [08:18] Difficulties in administering and accessing ECT [09:49] Next steps in research into ECT and patients with elevated suicide risk [11:14] All-cause mortality and ECT [11:57] Kalin interview: The December issue of AJP [13:02] Major depressive and bipolar disorders [13:13] “Neuromodulation Strategies for the Treatment of Depression” [13:42] “Association of ECT With Risks of All-Cause Mortality and Suicide in Older Medicare Patients” [14:19] “Efficacy and Safety of Lumateperone for Major Depressive Episodes Associated with Bipolar I or Bipolar II Disorder: A Phase 3 Randomized Placebo-Controlled Trial” [15:29] Ostacher editorial [17:44] “Association Between Systemic Inflammation and Individual Symptoms of Depression: A Pooled Analysis of 15 Population-Based Cohort Studies” [18:18] Pariante editorial [20:42] “Coordinate-Based Network Mapping of Brain Structure in Major Depressive Disorder in Younger and Older Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis” [21:23] Putting the issue into context [23:00] Be sure to let your colleagues know about the podcast, and please rate and review it on Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts, Stitcher, Spotify, or wherever you listen to it. Subscribe to the podcast here. Listen to other podcasts produced by the American Psychiatric Association. Browse articles online. Watch Deputy Editor Daniel S. Pine, M.D., present highlights from the May 2021 issue. How authors may submit their work. Follow the journals of APA Publishing on Twitter. E-mail us at ajp@psych.org
Dr. Jennifer Stevens (Assistant Professor of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University) discusses a technique to classify trauma victims into discrete biotypes in the immediate aftermath of trauma, with the hope of providing insight into the groups that could guide treatment, and American Journal of Psychiatry Editor-in-Chief Dr. Ned Kalin puts the November, 2021 issue of AJP into context. Stevens interview [00:44] Using brain imaging data to understand how people respond to trauma [01:07] Patient enrollment [01:21] AURORA Study [01:42] Can patterns of brain activity help map different responses to trauma? [02:12] Biotypes [02:48] Structure of the study [03:40] Neuroimaging and fMRI tasks [04:11] Limitations [05:44] Biotypes definitions [07:30] Highest risk group [09:10] Most resilient group [09:51] What does this mean for treating trauma patients going forward? [10:17] Next steps [11:31] Kalin interview: looking at trauma and suicide [12:37] Stevens et al. look at neuroimaging and trauma [13:16] Edwards et al. look at genetic and environmental factors in suicide [14:11] McKibben et al. look at suicidal ideation and attempts in U.S. soldiers [16:12] Taken together [18:20] Keding et al. on brain development [19:26] Kumar et al. look at biomarkers and Alzheimer's disease [20:22] Be sure to let your colleagues know about the podcast, and please rate and review it on Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts, Stitcher, Spotify, or wherever you listen to it. Subscribe to the podcast here. Listen to other podcasts produced by the American Psychiatric Association. Browse articles online. Watch Deputy Editor Daniel S. Pine, M.D., present highlights from the May 2021 issue. How authors may submit their work. Follow the journals of APA Publishing on Twitter. E-mail us at ajp@psych.org
Executive Editor Michael Roy speaks with Lara N. Coughlin, Ph.D., and Lewei Allison Lin, M.D., M.S., about their article on the provision of guideline-concordant depression treatment to patients with and without substance use disorders. Dr. Lara Coughlin is an assistant professor in the Department of Psychiatry and an adjunct assistant professor of psychology at the University of Michigan. She is also a licensed clinical psychologist. Her research aims to find new ways to use behavioral economic frameworks to improve outcomes among individuals with substance use disorders. In particular, she is interested in decision making around health behaviors, such as choosing between sooner and smaller rewards, like substance use, and delayed and larger rewards, like overall health or career development. Her current work looks at the delivery and evaluation of care for underserved and rural populations. Dr. Allison Lin is an addiction psychiatrist, an assistant professor in the Department of Psychiatry at the University of Michigan, and a research scientist in the Department of Veterans Affairs Ann Arbor Healthcare System. How the authors became interested in their areas of research [2:28] How often does depression co-occur with other disorders? [5:05] Current recommendations or best practices for the treatment of these conditions [5:33] Objective of the study [6:55] Description of study participants [7:27] Measures used to collect and analyze data [9:15] Main results of the study [11:20] Were there significant differences between disorders with respect to receipt of appropriate treatment? [12:10] Did any demographic characteristics, medical comorbidities, or other variables affect the findings? [13:25] Other notable or surprising results [14:03] Do the findings of the study extend to patients in the general population? [14:50] Study limitations [15:28] Patient or structural factors that may contribute to inequity in guideline-concordant care [16:13] How can we improve depression care for patients with comorbid substance use disorders? [19:01] Key points that researchers, clinicians, and other mental health professionals should take away from the article [22:12] Recommendations for further research in this area [23:32] Be sure to let your colleagues know about the podcast, and please rate and review it on Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts, Stitcher, Spotify, or wherever you listen to it. Subscribe to the podcast here. Listen to other podcasts produced by the American Psychiatric Association. Browse articles online. Watch Deputy Editor Daniel S. Pine, M.D., present highlights from the May 2021 issue. How authors may submit their work. Follow the journals of APA Publishing on Twitter. E-mail us at ajp@psych.org
Executive Editor Michael Roy speaks with Karen L. Bierman, Ph.D., about her article on reducing adolescent psychopathology in socioeconomically disadvantaged children with a preschool intervention. Dr. Karen Bierman is the Evan Pugh University Professor, Professor of Psychology, Professor of Human Development and Family Studies, and Director of the Child Study Center at Penn State University. Her research looks at the design and evaluation of programs for social and emotional learning within schools and communities. She has also developed and evaluated group interventions for peer-rejected children. How the author became interested in this area of research [1:58] What we know about how exposure to chronic or unpredictable negative circumstances disturbs a developing brain [3:21] Why the intersection of growing up in adverse conditions and the beginning of formal schooling is significant in the life of a child [6:41] Objective of the study [7:54] Outline of the Head Start REDI program [9:26] Description of study participants [11:26] How the authors collected and analyzed data [13:20] How well did the intervention work in terms of reducing conduct problems, emotional symptoms, and peer problems among students? [14:31] Other key findings of the study [17:21] Did any results surprise the authors? [18:45] Study limitations [20:26] How this work fits in to the overall literature on this subject [22:21] Implications this work has for public health policy [24:49] Key points that researchers, clinicians, and other mental health professionals should take away from the article [26:31] Recommendations for further research in this area [27:37] Be sure to let your colleagues know about the podcast, and please rate and review it on Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts, Stitcher, Spotify, or wherever you listen to it. Subscribe to the podcast here. Listen to other podcasts produced by the American Psychiatric Association. Browse articles online. Watch Deputy Editor Daniel S. Pine, M.D., present highlights from the April 2021 issue. Follow the journals of APA Publishing on Twitter. E-mail us at ajp@psych.org
Executive Editor Michael Roy speaks with Ayana Jordan, M.D., Ph.D., and Christina Mangurian, M.D., M.A.S., about their article on psychiatry diversity leadership in academic medicine. Dr. Ayana Jordan is an associate program director of the adult psychiatry training program and an assistant professor of psychiatry at the Yale University School of Medicine. She is a member of the APA Board of Trustees, and she serves on the Early-Career Psychiatrist Advisory Committee for the journal Psychiatric Services. Her research is concentrated on increasing access to care for minoritized populations with substance use problems. Dr. Christina Mangurian is a professor of psychiatry, epidemiology, and biostatistics in the School of Medicine at the University of California, San Francisco (UCSF). She is also vice chair for diversity and health equity at the UCSF Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences and a former chair of the APA Council on Minority Mental Health and Health Disparities. Her primary research program focuses on promoting mental health equity for patients and the workforce. The authors’ background and how they became involved in their work [2:50] How the authors’ roles in the workplace and in the community changed over the course of the past few years [7:51] Description of the case vignette presented in the article [14:23] The overall landscape for diversity leaders at psychiatry departments [18:40] Comparisons with other fields of medicine and academia [22:20] Three unique challenges faced by individuals who hold diversity, equity, and inclusion (DEI) roles [24:44] Initial steps that can help leaders in DEI positions [28:42] What people with institutional power can do to make sure that the experiences of BIPOC individuals are not ignored [34:40] Best practices to effectively support DEI leadership efforts in psychiatry [37:18] How scholarly research can adapt to help advance these efforts [42:39] Are the authors optimistic that we can overcome barriers and make real progress in efforts to expand diversity, equity, and inclusion throughout our community and workplaces? [46:11] Photo (from top): Helena Hansen, M.D., Ph.D., Christina Mangurian, M.D., M.A.S., Carolyn I. Rodriguez, M.D., Ph.D., Ayana Jordan, M.D., Ph.D., Ruth S. Shim, M.D., M.P.H., Altha J. Stewart, M.D. (Image courtesy of Dr. Mary Kay Smith.) Full author list of the article: Ayana Jordan, M.D., Ph.D. (Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn.) Ruth S. Shim, M.D., M.P.H. (Department of Psychiatry, University of California, Davis) Carolyn I. Rodriguez, M.D., Ph.D. (Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, Calif., and Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, Calif.) Eraka Bath, M.D. (Department of Psychiatry, Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University of California, Los Angeles) Jean-Marie Alves-Bradford, M.D. (Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, and New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York) Lisa Eyler, Ph.D. (Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, and Desert-Pacific Mental Illness Research, Education, and Clinical Center, VA San Diego Healthcare Center, San Diego) Nhi-Ha Trinh, M.D. (Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard University School of Medicine, Boston) Helena Hansen, M.D., Ph.D. (Departments of Psychiatry and Anthropology, New York University, New York) Christina Mangurian, M.D., M.A.S. (Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences and Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), UCSF Center for Vulnerable Populations at Zuckerberg San Francisco General, and UCSF Philip R. Lee Institute for Health Policy Studies, San Francisco) Be sure to let your colleagues know about the podcast, and please rate and review it on Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts, Stitcher, Spotify, or wherever you listen to it. Subscribe to the podcast here. Listen to other podcasts produced by the American Psychiatric Association. Browse articles online. Watch Deputy Editor Daniel S. Pine, M.D., present highlights from the March 2021 issue. Follow the journals of APA Publishing on Twitter. E-mail us at ajp@psych.org
Executive Editor Michael Roy speaks with Glenn Verner, M.P.H., and Sonja Entringer, Ph.D., about their article on the relationship between maternal psychological resilience during pregnancy and newborn telomere length. Ms. Glenn Verner is a doctoral candidate in medical psychology at Charité University Medicine in Berlin. She is interested in studying the biological mechanisms that underpin maternal and fetal health. Dr. Sonja Entringer is a professor of medical psychology at Charité University Medicine in Berlin. She is also an associate professor in the Health and Disease Research Program at the University of California, Irvine. Her research interests broadly include how developmental programming affects health and disease risk. In particular, she is interested in how stress during pregnancy affects offspring development. How the authors became interested in this area of research [2:10] Overview of the telomere system [4:35] Aims of the study, which examined how positive maternal psychological conditions during pregnancy affect newborn telomere settings [7:40] Characteristics of study participants [10:44] The various data collected during pregnancies [12:26] How resilience and positivity were quantified [13:58] Relationship between newborn telomere length and maternal resilience [15:18] Results that stood out to the authors [16:37] How clinical features or demographic characteristics of the participants affected the study outcome [17:26] Limitations that may have affected the study results [18:43] How this work fits in to the overall literature on this subject [19:51] Implications the work has for the understanding of how maternal health affects infant health and disease risk [20:42] Key points for researchers, clinicians, and other mental health professionals [22:43] Recommendations for further research [23:59] Be sure to let your colleagues know about the podcast, and please rate and review it on Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts, Stitcher, Spotify, or wherever you listen to it. Subscribe to the podcast here. Listen to other podcasts produced by the American Psychiatric Association. Browse articles online. Watch Deputy Editor Daniel S. Pine, M.D., present highlights from the February 2021 issue. Follow the journals of APA Publishing on Twitter. E-mail us at ajp@psych.org
Executive Editor Michael Roy speaks with Luke J. Norman, Ph.D., and Kate D. Fitzgerald, M.D., about their article examining whether brain activity is associated with treatment response to cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) in adolescents and adults with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), and whether any associations are treatment specific relative to an active control psychotherapy (stress management therapy; SMT). Dr. Luke Norman was recently a neuroscience postdoctoral fellow at the University of Michigan. He is now affiliated with the National Institutes of Health. His research has looked at treatment for obsessive-compulsive disorder and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Dr. Kate Fitzgerald is the Phil F. Jenkins Research Professor of Depression and associate professor in the Department of Psychiatry at the University of Michigan. She is the academic director for child and adolescent psychiatry and co-director of the Pediatric Anxiety Disorders Clinic. She is also an adjunct associate professor in the Department of Psychology. Her work has examined pediatric anxiety and obsessive-compulsive disorders, and currently, she is interested in looking for biomarkers of pediatric anxiety disorders that may represent options for novel, targeted treatments. She also has done work focusing on the use of cognitive-behavioral therapy in schools. How the authors became interested in this area of research [2:42] How prevalent obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is among the general population, and its conventional treatment approaches [5:50] Comparing cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) with a control psychotherapy called stress management therapy (SMT) [8:42] Details about two neural networks that have been implicated in OCD (the cingulo-opercular network and the orbito-striato-thalamic network) [12:04] Makeup of study participants, and methods the authors used to analyze the data [14:07] Comparison of symptom change between the group who received CBT relative to the group who received SMT [17:39] Details from functional MRI scans [18:23] Differences by age [20:40] Other notable study results [21:25] Limitations of the study [22:21] Implications that this work has for the understanding and treatment of OCD [23:30] Key points for researchers, clinicians, and other mental health professionals [24:50] Recommendations for further research [26:07] Be sure to let your colleagues know about the podcast, and please rate and review it on Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts, Stitcher, Spotify, or wherever you listen to it. Subscribe to the podcast here. Listen to other podcasts produced by the American Psychiatric Association. Browse articles online. Watch Deputy Editor Daniel S. Pine, M.D., present highlights from the January 2021 issue. Follow the journals of APA Publishing on Twitter. E-mail us at ajp@psych.org
Executive Editor Michael Roy speaks with American Journal of Psychiatry Editor-in-Chief Ned H. Kalin, M.D., and Deputy Editor Carolyn Rodriguez, M.D., Ph.D., about the Journal’s response to COVID-19; strategies to combat racism, social injustice, and health care inequities; research highlights from the past year; and what lies ahead in 2021. Dr. Kalin is the Hedberg Professor and Chair of the Department of Psychiatry at the University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, where he also serves as the Director of the Health Emotions Research Institute, and Director of the Lane Neuroimaging Laboratory. He is a member of the National Academy of Medicine, is a Distinguished Fellow of the American Psychiatric Association, and serves on the APA Council on Research. His work has aimed to understand the brain mechanisms underlying mental disorders. Dr. Rodriguez is an Associate Professor in the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences at Stanford University, where she is Director of the Translational Therapeutics Lab. She also serves as an Associate Dean for Academic Affairs and Associate Chair for Inclusion and Diversity at Stanford University, and she is a member of the APA Council on Research. In 2019, Dr. Rodriguez was selected as a recipient of the Presidential Early Career Award for Scientists and Engineers, which recognizes outstanding scientists and engineers at the outset of their independent research careers. Her research has looked at finding rapid-acting treatments to relieve the suffering of patients with severe mental illness, including obsessive-compulsive disorder. What the Journal has done in response to COVID-19 [3:15] How people can stay resilient during this time [8:04] How have racism and social injustice affected mental health care research and access? [12:04] What can mental health professionals do to address health care inequities? [18:56] Steps the Journal is taking to address racism, social injustice, and health care inequities [22:56] Research highlights of 2020 [25:32] Trends in the field of mental health research [29:38] Topics the editors would like to see more of in the Journal [32:50] Advice for early career researchers [34:49] Looking ahead to 2021 [38:05] Be sure to let your colleagues know about the podcast, and please rate and review it on Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts, Stitcher, Spotify, or wherever you listen to it. Subscribe to the podcast here. Listen to other podcasts produced by the American Psychiatric Association. Browse articles online. Watch Deputy Editor Daniel S. Pine, M.D., present highlights from the December 2020 issue. Follow the journals of APA Publishing on Twitter. E-mail us at ajp@psych.org
Executive Editor Michael Roy speaks with Sara K. Blaine, Ph.D., and Rajita Sinha, Ph.D., about their article on the use of brain imaging in the evaluation of drinking outcomes during early outpatient treatment for alcohol use disorder. Dr. Sara Blaine is an assistant professor in the Department of Psychological Sciences at Auburn University. She recently completed postdoctoral work at Yale University. Her work has looked at how genes and aspects of the brain affect the development of alcoholism under conditions of stress. Dr. Rajita Sinha is the Foundations Fund Professor of Psychiatry at the Yale University School of Medicine, where she also is a professor of neurobiology. She is chief of the psychology section in psychiatry and co-director of education at the Yale Center for Clinical Investigation. In addition, she is a professor in the Child Study Center and founding director of the Yale Stress Center. Her research has looked at the mechanisms of chronic stress, adversity, and coping. She is also interested in developing new ways to counter the effects of stress and addictive behaviors. How the authors became interested in this area of research [2:48] Why the authors studied the neurobiology of individuals who are in the early phase of abstinence from alcohol [4:37] Areas of the brain that are linked to stress and reward circuits that are affected by addiction [6:20] Details about the study design and patient population [8:21] The different measurements used in the study, and how the authors analyzed the data [11:38] Results of the two-part analysis, which observed patients’ responses to alcohol, stress, or neutral cues and which evaluated treatment outcomes among patients [17:04] Did any results surprise the authors? [20:56] Study limitations [23:18] How this research adds to the overall body of knowledge about treatment for alcohol use disorder [24:12] Implications the work has for programs that provide treatment for alcohol use disorder [26:12] Main takeaways for researchers, clinicians, and other mental health professionals [27:58] Recommendations for further research [29:42] Be sure to let your colleagues know about the podcast, and please rate and review it on Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts, Stitcher, Spotify, or wherever you listen to it. Subscribe to the podcast here. Listen to other podcasts produced by the American Psychiatric Association. Browse articles online. Watch Deputy Editor Daniel S. Pine, M.D., present highlights from the November 2020 issue. Follow the journals of APA Publishing on Twitter. E-mail us at ajp@psych.org
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